"참" meaning in Korean

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Adverb

IPA: [t͡ɕʰa̠m] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: cham [romanization]
Etymology: First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm). Etymology templates: {{ko-etym-native|sc|ᄎᆞᆷ|yale=chom}} First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom)., {{inh|ko|oko|眞音|tr=*CHOm}} Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm) Head templates: {{ko-adverb}} 참 • (cham)
  1. truly Synonyms: 참으로 (chameuro)
    Sense id: en-참-ko-adv-StcfZ8-O
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Interjection

IPA: [t͡ɕʰa̠m] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: cham [romanization]
Etymology: First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm). Etymology templates: {{ko-etym-native|sc|ᄎᆞᆷ|yale=chom}} First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom)., {{inh|ko|oko|眞音|tr=*CHOm}} Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm) Head templates: {{ko-pos|interjection}} 참 • (cham)
  1. Good grief!
    Sense id: en-참-ko-intj-OQpr6nv5
  2. Oh, I just remembered.
    Sense id: en-참-ko-intj-Q1Pxljac Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Korean terms with redundant transliterations Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 0 10 41 1 48 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 0 12 53 2 34 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 0 10 53 2 35
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [t͡ɕʰa̠m] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: cham [romanization]
Etymology: First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm). Etymology templates: {{ko-etym-native|sc|ᄎᆞᆷ|yale=chom}} First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom)., {{inh|ko|oko|眞音|tr=*CHOm}} Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm) Head templates: {{ko-noun}} 참 • (cham)
  1. The truth.
    Sense id: en-참-ko-noun-uobHq1bK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix

IPA: [t͡ɕʰa̠m] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: 참— [canonical], cham- [romanization]
Etymology: First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm). Etymology templates: {{ko-etym-native|sc|ᄎᆞᆷ|yale=chom}} First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom)., {{inh|ko|oko|眞音|tr=*CHOm}} Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm) Head templates: {{ko-pos|prefix}} 참— • (cham-)
  1. (Non-productive) Used in words referring to plants or animals that are thought to be a generic or prototypical example, such as 참새 (cham-sae, “sparrow”) (literally "true bird") or 참나무 (cham-namu, “oak tree”) (literally "true tree"). Tags: morpheme Derived forms: 참게 (chamge) (english: Chinese mitten crab), 참깨 (chamkkae) (english: sesame), 참나무 (chamnamu) (english: oak tree), 참나물 (chamnamul) (english: Pimpinella brachycarpa), 참새 (chamsae) (english: sparrow), 참오동나무 (chamodongnamu) (english: princess tree), 참외 (chamoe) (english: Korean melon)
    Sense id: en-참-ko-prefix-hR7epqzm Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Native Korean words, Sino-Korean words Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 0 10 41 1 48 Disambiguation of Native Korean words: 0 26 11 5 57 Disambiguation of Sino-Korean words: 0 4 2 1 10 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 7 6 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Syllable

IPA: [t͡ɕʰa̠m] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: cham [romanization]
Etymology: Korean reading of various Chinese characters. Head templates: {{ko-syllable}} 참 (cham)
  1. 參: participating
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-ZhVwjF36
  2. 參: participating
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-Cj--euHt
  3. 參: participating
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-Cj--euHt1
  4. 讖: forgiveness
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-bPrOevT1
  5. 讖: forgiveness
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-RDC2kZuC
  6. 讖: forgiveness
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-RDC2kZuC1
  7. 慘: cruel
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-C7fQ0WvO
  8. 慘: cruel
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-so0w6vAc
  9. 慘: cruel
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-so0w6vAc1
  10. 僭: usurping
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-CXmsK1A5
  11. 僭: usurping
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-wQwVXRnt
  12. 僭: usurping
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-wQwVXRnt1
  13. 斬: cutting
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-RW1Gg-XE
  14. 斬: cutting
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-oTHq27YR
  15. 斬: cutting
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-oTHq27YR1
  16. 讒: slandering
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-V0XKA0EQ
  17. 讒: slandering
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-Z8h1mKg2
  18. 讒: slandering
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-Z8h1mKg21
  19. 站: standing up
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-8HbGQYq9 Categories (other): Hanja readings Disambiguation of Hanja readings: 0 1 2 0 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  20. 站: standing up
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-iGvG9gRA Categories (other): Hanja readings Disambiguation of Hanja readings: 0 1 2 0 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  21. 站: standing up
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-iGvG9gRA1 Categories (other): Hanja readings Disambiguation of Hanja readings: 0 1 2 0 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  22. 慙: embarrassment
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-6~XRyQLe
  23. 慙: embarrassment
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-OmOegF0k
  24. 慙: embarrassment
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-OmOegF0k1
  25. 懺: remorse
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-XyxcukJ-
  26. 懺: remorse
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-f0soo8wJ
  27. 懺: remorse
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-f0soo8wJ1
  28. 塹: hole
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-~InwVeYX
  29. 塹: hole
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-tMHHPbg3
  30. 塹: hole
    Sense id: en-참-ko-syllable-tMHHPbg31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 참 meaning in Korean (18.6kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "참 • (cham)",
      "name": "ko-adverb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "truly"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-adv-StcfZ8-O",
      "links": [
        [
          "truly",
          "truly"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "chameuro",
          "word": "참으로"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "interjection"
      },
      "expansion": "참 • (cham)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Good grief!"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-intj-OQpr6nv5",
      "links": [
        [
          "Good grief!",
          "good grief"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 10 41 1 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 12 53 2 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 10 53 2 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Oh, I just remembered."
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-intj-Q1Pxljac"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "참 • (cham)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The truth."
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-noun-uobHq1bK",
      "links": [
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "참—",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cham-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "참— • (cham-)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 10 41 1 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 26 11 5 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Native Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 4 2 1 10 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 7 6 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "Chinese mitten crab",
          "roman": "chamge",
          "word": "참게"
        },
        {
          "english": "sesame",
          "roman": "chamkkae",
          "word": "참깨"
        },
        {
          "english": "oak tree",
          "roman": "chamnamu",
          "word": "참나무"
        },
        {
          "english": "Pimpinella brachycarpa",
          "roman": "chamnamul",
          "word": "참나물"
        },
        {
          "english": "sparrow",
          "roman": "chamsae",
          "word": "참새"
        },
        {
          "english": "princess tree",
          "roman": "chamodongnamu",
          "word": "참오동나무"
        },
        {
          "english": "Korean melon",
          "roman": "chamoe",
          "word": "참외"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used in words referring to plants or animals that are thought to be a generic or prototypical example, such as 참새 (cham-sae, “sparrow”) (literally \"true bird\") or 참나무 (cham-namu, “oak tree”) (literally \"true tree\")."
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-prefix-hR7epqzm",
      "links": [
        [
          "참새",
          "참새"
        ],
        [
          "참나무",
          "참나무"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Non-productive) Used in words referring to plants or animals that are thought to be a generic or prototypical example, such as 참새 (cham-sae, “sparrow”) (literally \"true bird\") or 참나무 (cham-namu, “oak tree”) (literally \"true tree\")."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Korean reading of various Chinese characters.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "참 (cham)",
      "name": "ko-syllable"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "參: participating\n(eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham))\n(MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH))",
        "參: participating"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-ZhVwjF36",
      "links": [
        [
          "參",
          "參#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참여할 참",
          "참여할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "參",
          "參#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "參: participating\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "參: participating\n(eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham))\n(MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-Cj--euHt",
      "links": [
        [
          "參",
          "參#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참여할 참",
          "참여할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "參",
          "參#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "參: participating\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "參: participating\n(eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham))\n(MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-Cj--euHt1",
      "links": [
        [
          "參",
          "參#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참여할 참",
          "참여할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "參",
          "參#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "參: participating\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n(eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham))\n(MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH))",
        "讖: forgiveness"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-bPrOevT1",
      "links": [
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참서 참",
          "참서 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n(eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham))\n(MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-RDC2kZuC",
      "links": [
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참서 참",
          "참서 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n(eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham))\n(MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-RDC2kZuC1",
      "links": [
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참서 참",
          "참서 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n(eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham))\n(MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX))",
        "慘: cruel"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-C7fQ0WvO",
      "links": [
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참혹할 참",
          "참혹할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n(eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham))\n(MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-so0w6vAc",
      "links": [
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참혹할 참",
          "참혹할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n(eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham))\n(MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-so0w6vAc1",
      "links": [
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참혹할 참",
          "참혹할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n(eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham))\n(MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH))",
        "僭: usurping"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-CXmsK1A5",
      "links": [
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참람할 참",
          "참람할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n(eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham))\n(MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-wQwVXRnt",
      "links": [
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참람할 참",
          "참람할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n(eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham))\n(MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-wQwVXRnt1",
      "links": [
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참람할 참",
          "참람할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n(eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham))\n(MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX))",
        "斬: cutting"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-RW1Gg-XE",
      "links": [
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "벨 참",
          "벨 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n(eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham))\n(MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-oTHq27YR",
      "links": [
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "벨 참",
          "벨 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n(eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham))\n(MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-oTHq27YR1",
      "links": [
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "벨 참",
          "벨 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n(eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))\n(MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH))",
        "讒: slandering"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-V0XKA0EQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참소할 참",
          "참소할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n(eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))\n(MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-Z8h1mKg2",
      "links": [
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참소할 참",
          "참소할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n(eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))\n(MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-Z8h1mKg21",
      "links": [
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참소할 참",
          "참소할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 1 2 0 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hanja readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n(eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham))\n(MC reading: 站 (MC treamH))",
        "站: standing up"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-8HbGQYq9",
      "links": [
        [
          "站",
          "站#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "우두커니",
          "우두커니#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "설",
          "설#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "站",
          "站#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 1 2 0 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hanja readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n(eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham))\n(MC reading: 站 (MC treamH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-iGvG9gRA",
      "links": [
        [
          "站",
          "站#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "우두커니",
          "우두커니#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "설",
          "설#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "站",
          "站#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 1 2 0 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hanja readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n(eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham))\n(MC reading: 站 (MC treamH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-iGvG9gRA1",
      "links": [
        [
          "站",
          "站#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "우두커니",
          "우두커니#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "설",
          "설#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "站",
          "站#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 站 (MC treamH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n(eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham))\n(MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam))",
        "慙: embarrassment"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-6~XRyQLe",
      "links": [
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "부끄러울 참",
          "부끄러울 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n(eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham))\n(MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-OmOegF0k",
      "links": [
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "부끄러울 참",
          "부끄러울 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n(eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham))\n(MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-OmOegF0k1",
      "links": [
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "부끄러울 참",
          "부끄러울 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n(eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham))\n(MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH))",
        "懺: remorse"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-XyxcukJ-",
      "links": [
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "뉘우칠 참",
          "뉘우칠 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n(eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham))\n(MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-f0soo8wJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "뉘우칠 참",
          "뉘우칠 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n(eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham))\n(MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-f0soo8wJ1",
      "links": [
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "뉘우칠 참",
          "뉘우칠 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n(eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham))\n(MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH))",
        "塹: hole"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-~InwVeYX",
      "links": [
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "구덩이 참",
          "구덩이 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n(eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham))\n(MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-tMHHPbg3",
      "links": [
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "구덩이 참",
          "구덩이 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n(eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham))\n(MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH))"
      ],
      "id": "en-참-ko-syllable-tMHHPbg31",
      "links": [
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "구덩이 참",
          "구덩이 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean adverbs",
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean interjections",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean prefixes",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms derived from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Native Korean words",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "참 • (cham)",
      "name": "ko-adverb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "truly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "truly",
          "truly"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "chameuro",
      "word": "참으로"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean adverbs",
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean interjections",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean prefixes",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms derived from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Native Korean words",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "interjection"
      },
      "expansion": "참 • (cham)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Good grief!"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Good grief!",
          "good grief"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Oh, I just remembered."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean adverbs",
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean interjections",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean prefixes",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms derived from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Native Korean words",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "참 • (cham)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The truth."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean adverbs",
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean interjections",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean prefixes",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms derived from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Old Korean",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Native Korean words",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "Chinese mitten crab",
      "roman": "chamge",
      "word": "참게"
    },
    {
      "english": "sesame",
      "roman": "chamkkae",
      "word": "참깨"
    },
    {
      "english": "oak tree",
      "roman": "chamnamu",
      "word": "참나무"
    },
    {
      "english": "Pimpinella brachycarpa",
      "roman": "chamnamul",
      "word": "참나물"
    },
    {
      "english": "sparrow",
      "roman": "chamsae",
      "word": "참새"
    },
    {
      "english": "princess tree",
      "roman": "chamodongnamu",
      "word": "참오동나무"
    },
    {
      "english": "Korean melon",
      "roman": "chamoe",
      "word": "참외"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sc",
        "2": "ᄎᆞᆷ",
        "yale": "chom"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "眞音",
        "tr": "*CHOm"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ (Yale: chom). From Old Korean 眞音 (*CHOm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "참—",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cham-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "참— • (cham-)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used in words referring to plants or animals that are thought to be a generic or prototypical example, such as 참새 (cham-sae, “sparrow”) (literally \"true bird\") or 참나무 (cham-namu, “oak tree”) (literally \"true tree\")."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "참새",
          "참새"
        ],
        [
          "참나무",
          "참나무"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Non-productive) Used in words referring to plants or animals that are thought to be a generic or prototypical example, such as 참새 (cham-sae, “sparrow”) (literally \"true bird\") or 참나무 (cham-namu, “oak tree”) (literally \"true tree\")."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Korean reading of various Chinese characters.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "참 (cham)",
      "name": "ko-syllable"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "參: participating\n(eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham))\n(MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH))",
        "參: participating"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "參",
          "參#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참여할 참",
          "참여할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "參",
          "參#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "參: participating\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "參: participating\n(eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham))\n(MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "參",
          "參#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참여할 참",
          "참여할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "參",
          "參#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "參: participating\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "參: participating\n(eumhun reading: 참여할 참 (chamyeohal cham))\n(MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "參",
          "參#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참여할 참",
          "참여할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "參",
          "參#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 參 (MC srim|tsrhim|tshom|sam|tshomH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "參: participating\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n(eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham))\n(MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH))",
        "讖: forgiveness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참서 참",
          "참서 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n(eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham))\n(MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참서 참",
          "참서 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n(eumhun reading: 참서 참 (chamseo cham))\n(MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참서 참",
          "참서 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讖",
          "讖#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 讖 (MC tsrhimH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讖: forgiveness\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n(eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham))\n(MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX))",
        "慘: cruel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참혹할 참",
          "참혹할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n(eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham))\n(MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참혹할 참",
          "참혹할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n(eumhun reading: 참혹할 참 (chamhokhal cham))\n(MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참혹할 참",
          "참혹할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慘",
          "慘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 慘 (MC tshomX)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慘: cruel\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n(eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham))\n(MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH))",
        "僭: usurping"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참람할 참",
          "참람할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n(eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham))\n(MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참람할 참",
          "참람할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n(eumhun reading: 참람할 참 (chamnamhal cham))\n(MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참람할 참",
          "참람할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "僭",
          "僭#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 僭 (MC tsemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "僭: usurping\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n(eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham))\n(MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX))",
        "斬: cutting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "벨 참",
          "벨 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n(eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham))\n(MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "벨 참",
          "벨 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n(eumhun reading: 벨 참 (bel cham))\n(MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "벨 참",
          "벨 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "斬",
          "斬#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 斬 (MC tsreamX)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "斬: cutting\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n(eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))\n(MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH))",
        "讒: slandering"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참소할 참",
          "참소할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n(eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))\n(MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참소할 참",
          "참소할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n(eumhun reading: 참소할 참 (chamsohal cham))\n(MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "참소할 참",
          "참소할 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "讒",
          "讒#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 讒 (MC dzream|dzraemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "讒: slandering\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n(eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham))\n(MC reading: 站 (MC treamH))",
        "站: standing up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "站",
          "站#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "우두커니",
          "우두커니#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "설",
          "설#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "站",
          "站#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n(eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham))\n(MC reading: 站 (MC treamH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "站",
          "站#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "우두커니",
          "우두커니#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "설",
          "설#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "站",
          "站#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n(eumhun reading: 우두커니 설 참 (udukeoni seol cham))\n(MC reading: 站 (MC treamH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "站",
          "站#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "우두커니",
          "우두커니#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "설",
          "설#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "站",
          "站#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 站 (MC treamH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "站: standing up\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n(eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham))\n(MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam))",
        "慙: embarrassment"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "부끄러울 참",
          "부끄러울 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n(eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham))\n(MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "부끄러울 참",
          "부끄러울 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n(eumhun reading: 부끄러울 참 (bukkeureoul cham))\n(MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "부끄러울 참",
          "부끄러울 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "慙",
          "慙#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 慙 (MC dzam)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "慙: embarrassment\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n(eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham))\n(MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH))",
        "懺: remorse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "뉘우칠 참",
          "뉘우칠 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n(eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham))\n(MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "뉘우칠 참",
          "뉘우칠 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n(eumhun reading: 뉘우칠 참 (nwiuchil cham))\n(MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "뉘우칠 참",
          "뉘우칠 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "懺",
          "懺#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 懺 (MC tsrhaemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "懺: remorse\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n(eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham))\n(MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH))",
        "塹: hole"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "구덩이 참",
          "구덩이 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n(eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham))\n(MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "구덩이 참",
          "구덩이 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n(eumhun reading: 구덩이 참 (gudeong'i cham))\n(MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "eumhun",
          "음훈"
        ],
        [
          "구덩이 참",
          "구덩이 참#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "MC",
          "Middle Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "塹",
          "塹#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MC reading: 塹 (MC tshjemH)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "塹: hole\n"
      ],
      "tags": []
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕʰa̠m]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[참]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "참"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.