"조성하다" meaning in Korean

See 조성하다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ˈt͡ɕo̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋɦa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: 조성(造成) (joseong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs). Etymology templates: {{af|ko|조성(造成)|-하다|pos2=light verb deriving active verbs|t2=to do}} 조성(造成) (joseong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs) Head templates: {{ko-verb|hanja=造成하다}} 조성하다 • (joseonghada) (infinitive 조성해 or 조성하여, sequential 조성하니, hanja 造成하다), {{tlb|ko|transitive}} (transitive) Forms: joseonghada [romanization], 조성해 [infinitive], 조성하여 [infinitive], 조성하니 [sequential], 造成하다 [hanja], irregular [table-tags], 조성한다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 조성해 [indicative, informal, non-past], 조성해요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 조성합니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 조성했다 [formal, indicative, past], 조성했어 [indicative, informal, past], 조성했어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 조성했습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 조성하느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 조성해 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 조성해요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 조성합니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 조성했느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 조성했어 [informal, interrogative, past], 조성했어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 조성했습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 조성하자 [formal, hortative], 조성해 [hortative, informal], 조성해요 [hortative, informal, polite], 조성하십시다 [formal, hortative, polite], 조성해라 [formal, imperative], 조성하여라 [formal, imperative], 조성해 [imperative, informal], 조성해요 [imperative, informal, polite], 조성합시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 조성하겠다 [assertive, formal], 조성하겠어 [assertive, informal], 조성하겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 조성하겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 조성해 [causative, formal], 조성해서 [causative, informal], 조성하여서 [causative, informal], 조성하니 [causative, informal, polite], 조성하니까 [causative, formal, polite], 조성하지만 [contrastive, formal], 조성하는데 [contrastive, informal], 조성하더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 조성하고 [conjunctive, formal], 조성하면 [conditional, formal], 조성해야 [conditional, informal], 조성하여야 [conditional, informal], 조성하려고 [formal, motive-form], 조성함 [formal, noun-from-verb], 조성하기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 조성했음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 조성하였음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 조성했기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 조성하였기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 조성한 [determiner, formal, past], 조성하는 [determiner, formal, present], 조성할 [determiner, formal, future], irregular [table-tags], 조성하신다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 조성하셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 조성하세요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 조성하셔요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 조성하십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 조성하셨다 [formal, indicative, past], 조성하셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 조성하셨어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 조성하셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 조성하시느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 조성하셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 조성하세요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 조성하셔요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 조성하십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 조성하셨느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 조성하셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 조성하셨어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 조성하셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 조성하시라 [formal, imperative], 조성하셔 [imperative, informal], 조성하세요 [imperative, informal, polite], 조성하십시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 조성하시겠다 [assertive, formal], 조성하시겠어 [assertive, informal], 조성하시겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 조성하시겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 조성하셔 [causative, formal], 조성하셔서 [causative, informal], 조성하시니 [causative, informal, polite], 조성하시니까 [causative, formal, polite], 조성하시지만 [contrastive, formal], 조성하시는데 [contrastive, informal], 조성하시더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 조성하시고 [conjunctive, formal], 조성하시면 [conditional, formal], 조성하셔야 [conditional, informal], 조성하시려고 [formal, motive-form], 조성하심 [formal, noun-from-verb], 조성하시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 조성하셨음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 조성하셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 조성하신 [determiner, formal, past], 조성하시는 [determiner, formal, present], 조성하실 [determiner, formal, future]
  1. to build, establish, set up, develop Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-조성하다-ko-verb-Us3vk4f2 Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms suffixed with -하다, Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Korean terms with redundant transliterations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 78 22 Disambiguation of Korean terms suffixed with -하다: 54 46 Disambiguation of Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable: 62 38 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 60 40 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 59 41 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 55 45 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 50
  2. to foster, promote, instigate Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-조성하다-ko-verb-mRTyTcHG Categories (other): Korean terms suffixed with -하다, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Korean terms suffixed with -하다: 54 46 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 55 45 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 50
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "조성(造成)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "조성(造成) (joseong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "조성(造成) (joseong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "joseonghada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "造成하다",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성한다",
      "roman": "joseonghanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성합니다",
      "roman": "joseonghamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했다",
      "roman": "joseonghaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어요",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성합니까",
      "roman": "joseonghamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어요",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했습니까",
      "roman": "joseonghaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하자",
      "roman": "joseonghaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십시다",
      "roman": "joseonghasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해라",
      "roman": "joseonghaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여라",
      "roman": "joseonghayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성합시오",
      "roman": "joseonghapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠다",
      "roman": "joseonghagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠어",
      "roman": "joseonghagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠어요",
      "roman": "joseonghagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해서",
      "roman": "joseonghaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여서",
      "roman": "joseonghayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하니",
      "roman": "joseonghani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하니까",
      "roman": "joseonghanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하지만",
      "roman": "joseonghajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하는데",
      "roman": "joseonghaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하더니",
      "roman": "joseonghadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하고",
      "roman": "joseonghago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하면",
      "roman": "joseonghamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해야",
      "roman": "joseonghaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여야",
      "roman": "joseonghayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하려고",
      "roman": "joseongharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성함",
      "roman": "joseongham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하기",
      "roman": "joseonghagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했음",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하였음",
      "roman": "joseonghayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했기",
      "roman": "joseonghaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하였기",
      "roman": "joseonghayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성한",
      "roman": "joseonghan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하는",
      "roman": "joseonghaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성할",
      "roman": "joseonghal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하신다",
      "roman": "joseonghasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하세요",
      "roman": "joseonghaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십니다",
      "roman": "joseonghasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨다",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하세요",
      "roman": "joseonghaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십니까",
      "roman": "joseonghasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨습니까",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시라",
      "roman": "joseonghasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하세요",
      "roman": "joseonghaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십시오",
      "roman": "joseonghasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠다",
      "roman": "joseonghasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠어",
      "roman": "joseonghasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠어요",
      "roman": "joseonghasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔서",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시니",
      "roman": "joseonghasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시니까",
      "roman": "joseonghasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시지만",
      "roman": "joseonghasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시는데",
      "roman": "joseonghasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시더니",
      "roman": "joseonghasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시고",
      "roman": "joseonghasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시면",
      "roman": "joseonghasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔야",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시려고",
      "roman": "joseonghasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하심",
      "roman": "joseonghasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시기",
      "roman": "joseonghasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨음",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨기",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하신",
      "roman": "joseonghasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시는",
      "roman": "joseonghasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하실",
      "roman": "joseonghasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "造成하다"
      },
      "expansion": "조성하다 • (joseonghada) (infinitive 조성해 or 조성하여, sequential 조성하니, hanja 造成하다)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "transitive"
      },
      "expansion": "(transitive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "78 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to build, establish, set up, develop"
      ],
      "id": "en-조성하다-ko-verb-Us3vk4f2",
      "links": [
        [
          "build",
          "build"
        ],
        [
          "establish",
          "establish"
        ],
        [
          "set up",
          "set up"
        ],
        [
          "develop",
          "develop"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to foster, promote, instigate"
      ],
      "id": "en-조성하다-ko-verb-mRTyTcHG",
      "links": [
        [
          "foster",
          "foster"
        ],
        [
          "promote",
          "promote"
        ],
        [
          "instigate",
          "instigate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt͡ɕo̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "조(ː)성하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[조(ː)성하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "조성하다"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean ha-irregular verbs",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Korean transitive verbs",
    "Korean verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "조성(造成)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "조성(造成) (joseong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "조성(造成) (joseong) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "joseonghada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "造成하다",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성한다",
      "roman": "joseonghanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성합니다",
      "roman": "joseonghamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했다",
      "roman": "joseonghaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어요",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성합니까",
      "roman": "joseonghamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했어요",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했습니까",
      "roman": "joseonghaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하자",
      "roman": "joseonghaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십시다",
      "roman": "joseonghasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해라",
      "roman": "joseonghaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여라",
      "roman": "joseonghayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해요",
      "roman": "joseonghaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성합시오",
      "roman": "joseonghapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠다",
      "roman": "joseonghagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠어",
      "roman": "joseonghagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠어요",
      "roman": "joseonghagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하겠습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해",
      "roman": "joseonghae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해서",
      "roman": "joseonghaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여서",
      "roman": "joseonghayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하니",
      "roman": "joseonghani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하니까",
      "roman": "joseonghanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하지만",
      "roman": "joseonghajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하는데",
      "roman": "joseonghaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하더니",
      "roman": "joseonghadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하고",
      "roman": "joseonghago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하면",
      "roman": "joseonghamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성해야",
      "roman": "joseonghaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하여야",
      "roman": "joseonghayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하려고",
      "roman": "joseongharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성함",
      "roman": "joseongham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하기",
      "roman": "joseonghagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했음",
      "roman": "joseonghaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하였음",
      "roman": "joseonghayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성했기",
      "roman": "joseonghaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하였기",
      "roman": "joseonghayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성한",
      "roman": "joseonghan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하는",
      "roman": "joseonghaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성할",
      "roman": "joseonghal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하신다",
      "roman": "joseonghasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하세요",
      "roman": "joseonghaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십니다",
      "roman": "joseonghasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨다",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하세요",
      "roman": "joseonghaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십니까",
      "roman": "joseonghasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨느냐",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨어요",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨습니까",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시라",
      "roman": "joseonghasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하세요",
      "roman": "joseonghaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하십시오",
      "roman": "joseonghasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠다",
      "roman": "joseonghasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠어",
      "roman": "joseonghasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠어요",
      "roman": "joseonghasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "joseonghasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔서",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시니",
      "roman": "joseonghasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시니까",
      "roman": "joseonghasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시지만",
      "roman": "joseonghasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시는데",
      "roman": "joseonghasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시더니",
      "roman": "joseonghasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시고",
      "roman": "joseonghasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시면",
      "roman": "joseonghasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셔야",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시려고",
      "roman": "joseonghasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하심",
      "roman": "joseonghasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시기",
      "roman": "joseonghasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨음",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하셨기",
      "roman": "joseonghasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하신",
      "roman": "joseonghasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하시는",
      "roman": "joseonghasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "조성하실",
      "roman": "joseonghasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "造成하다"
      },
      "expansion": "조성하다 • (joseonghada) (infinitive 조성해 or 조성하여, sequential 조성하니, hanja 造成하다)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "transitive"
      },
      "expansion": "(transitive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to build, establish, set up, develop"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "build",
          "build"
        ],
        [
          "establish",
          "establish"
        ],
        [
          "set up",
          "set up"
        ],
        [
          "develop",
          "develop"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to foster, promote, instigate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "foster",
          "foster"
        ],
        [
          "promote",
          "promote"
        ],
        [
          "instigate",
          "instigate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt͡ɕo̞(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "조(ː)성하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[조(ː)성하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "조성하다"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 조성하다 meaning in Korean (14.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.