"방해하다" meaning in Korean

See 방해하다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [pa̠ŋɦɛɦa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul], [pa̠ŋɦe̞ɦa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: 방해(妨害) (banghae) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs). Etymology templates: {{af|ko|방해(妨害)|-하다|pos2=light verb deriving active verbs|t2=to do}} 방해(妨害) (banghae) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs) Head templates: {{ko-verb}} 방해하다 • (banghaehada) (infinitive 방해해 or 방해하여, sequential 방해하니), {{tlb|ko|transitive}} (transitive) Forms: banghaehada [romanization], 방해해 [infinitive], 방해하여 [infinitive], 방해하니 [sequential], irregular [table-tags], 방해한다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 방해해 [indicative, informal, non-past], 방해해요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 방해합니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 방해했다 [formal, indicative, past], 방해했어 [indicative, informal, past], 방해했어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 방해했습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 방해하느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 방해해 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 방해해요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 방해합니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 방해했느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 방해했어 [informal, interrogative, past], 방해했어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 방해했습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 방해하자 [formal, hortative], 방해해 [hortative, informal], 방해해요 [hortative, informal, polite], 방해하십시다 [formal, hortative, polite], 방해해라 [formal, imperative], 방해하여라 [formal, imperative], 방해해 [imperative, informal], 방해해요 [imperative, informal, polite], 방해합시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 방해하겠다 [assertive, formal], 방해하겠어 [assertive, informal], 방해하겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 방해하겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 방해해 [causative, formal], 방해해서 [causative, informal], 방해하여서 [causative, informal], 방해하니 [causative, informal, polite], 방해하니까 [causative, formal, polite], 방해하지만 [contrastive, formal], 방해하는데 [contrastive, informal], 방해하더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 방해하고 [conjunctive, formal], 방해하면 [conditional, formal], 방해해야 [conditional, informal], 방해하여야 [conditional, informal], 방해하려고 [formal, motive-form], 방해함 [formal, noun-from-verb], 방해하기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 방해했음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 방해하였음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 방해했기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 방해하였기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 방해한 [determiner, formal, past], 방해하는 [determiner, formal, present], 방해할 [determiner, formal, future], irregular [table-tags], 방해하신다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 방해하셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 방해하세요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 방해하셔요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 방해하십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 방해하셨다 [formal, indicative, past], 방해하셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 방해하셨어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 방해하셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 방해하시느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 방해하셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 방해하세요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 방해하셔요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 방해하십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 방해하셨느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 방해하셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 방해하셨어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 방해하셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], - [interrogative], 방해하시라 [imperative, informal], 방해하셔 [imperative, informal, polite], 방해하세요 [formal, imperative, polite], 방해하십시오 [imperative], 방해하시겠다 [assertive, formal], 방해하시겠어 [assertive, informal], 방해하시겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 방해하시겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 방해하셔 [causative, formal, imperative], 방해하셔서 [causative, informal], 방해하시니 [causative, informal, polite], 방해하시니까 [causative, formal, polite], 방해하시지만 [contrastive, formal], 방해하시는데 [contrastive, informal], 방해하시더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 방해하시고 [conjunctive, formal], 방해하시면 [conditional, formal], 방해하셔야 [conditional, informal], 방해하시려고 [formal, motive-form], 방해하심 [formal, imperative, noun-from-verb], 방해하시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 방해하셨음 [formal, imperative, noun-from-verb, past], 방해하셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 방해하신 [determiner, formal, imperative, past], 방해하시는 [determiner, formal, imperative, present], 방해하실 [determiner, formal, future, imperative]
  1. to hinder or obstruct Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-방해하다-ko-verb-nq7uA5wD Categories (other): Korean terms suffixed with -하다, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Korean terms suffixed with -하다: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 53 47
  2. to interfere with Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-방해하다-ko-verb-iTJ~myKI Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms suffixed with -하다, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Korean terms with redundant transliterations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 33 67 Disambiguation of Korean terms suffixed with -하다: 50 50 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 36 64 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 34 66 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 53 47
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "방해(妨害)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "방해(妨害) (banghae) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "방해(妨害) (banghae) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "banghaehada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해한다",
      "roman": "banghaehanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해합니다",
      "roman": "banghaehamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했다",
      "roman": "banghaehaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어요",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해합니까",
      "roman": "banghaehamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어요",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했습니까",
      "roman": "banghaehaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하자",
      "roman": "banghaehaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십시다",
      "roman": "banghaehasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해라",
      "roman": "banghaehaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여라",
      "roman": "banghaehayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해합시오",
      "roman": "banghaehapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠다",
      "roman": "banghaehagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠어",
      "roman": "banghaehagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠어요",
      "roman": "banghaehagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해서",
      "roman": "banghaehaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여서",
      "roman": "banghaehayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하니",
      "roman": "banghaehani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하니까",
      "roman": "banghaehanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하지만",
      "roman": "banghaehajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하는데",
      "roman": "banghaehaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하더니",
      "roman": "banghaehadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하고",
      "roman": "banghaehago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하면",
      "roman": "banghaehamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해야",
      "roman": "banghaehaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여야",
      "roman": "banghaehayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하려고",
      "roman": "banghaeharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해함",
      "roman": "banghaeham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하기",
      "roman": "banghaehagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했음",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하였음",
      "roman": "banghaehayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했기",
      "roman": "banghaehaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하였기",
      "roman": "banghaehayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해한",
      "roman": "banghaehan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하는",
      "roman": "banghaehaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해할",
      "roman": "banghaehal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하신다",
      "roman": "banghaehasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하세요",
      "roman": "banghaehaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십니다",
      "roman": "banghaehasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨다",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하세요",
      "roman": "banghaehaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십니까",
      "roman": "banghaehasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨습니까",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시라",
      "roman": "banghaehasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하세요",
      "roman": "banghaehaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십시오",
      "roman": "banghaehasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠다",
      "roman": "banghaehasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠어",
      "roman": "banghaehasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠어요",
      "roman": "banghaehasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔서",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시니",
      "roman": "banghaehasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시니까",
      "roman": "banghaehasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시지만",
      "roman": "banghaehasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시는데",
      "roman": "banghaehasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시더니",
      "roman": "banghaehasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시고",
      "roman": "banghaehasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시면",
      "roman": "banghaehasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔야",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시려고",
      "roman": "banghaehasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하심",
      "roman": "banghaehasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시기",
      "roman": "banghaehasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨음",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨기",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하신",
      "roman": "banghaehasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시는",
      "roman": "banghaehasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하실",
      "roman": "banghaehasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "방해하다 • (banghaehada) (infinitive 방해해 or 방해하여, sequential 방해하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "transitive"
      },
      "expansion": "(transitive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to hinder or obstruct"
      ],
      "id": "en-방해하다-ko-verb-nq7uA5wD",
      "links": [
        [
          "hinder",
          "hinder"
        ],
        [
          "obstruct",
          "obstruct"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 64",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to interfere with"
      ],
      "id": "en-방해하다-ko-verb-iTJ~myKI",
      "links": [
        [
          "interfere",
          "interfere"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pa̠ŋɦɛɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pa̠ŋɦe̞ɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "방해하다"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "방헤하다"
    }
  ],
  "word": "방해하다"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean ha-irregular verbs",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Korean transitive verbs",
    "Korean verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "방해(妨害)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "방해(妨害) (banghae) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "방해(妨害) (banghae) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "banghaehada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해한다",
      "roman": "banghaehanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해합니다",
      "roman": "banghaehamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했다",
      "roman": "banghaehaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어요",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해합니까",
      "roman": "banghaehamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했어요",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했습니까",
      "roman": "banghaehaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하자",
      "roman": "banghaehaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십시다",
      "roman": "banghaehasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해라",
      "roman": "banghaehaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여라",
      "roman": "banghaehayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해요",
      "roman": "banghaehaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해합시오",
      "roman": "banghaehapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠다",
      "roman": "banghaehagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠어",
      "roman": "banghaehagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠어요",
      "roman": "banghaehagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하겠습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해",
      "roman": "banghaehae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해서",
      "roman": "banghaehaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여서",
      "roman": "banghaehayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하니",
      "roman": "banghaehani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하니까",
      "roman": "banghaehanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하지만",
      "roman": "banghaehajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하는데",
      "roman": "banghaehaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하더니",
      "roman": "banghaehadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하고",
      "roman": "banghaehago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하면",
      "roman": "banghaehamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해해야",
      "roman": "banghaehaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하여야",
      "roman": "banghaehayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하려고",
      "roman": "banghaeharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해함",
      "roman": "banghaeham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하기",
      "roman": "banghaehagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했음",
      "roman": "banghaehaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하였음",
      "roman": "banghaehayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해했기",
      "roman": "banghaehaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하였기",
      "roman": "banghaehayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해한",
      "roman": "banghaehan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하는",
      "roman": "banghaehaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해할",
      "roman": "banghaehal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하신다",
      "roman": "banghaehasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하세요",
      "roman": "banghaehaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십니다",
      "roman": "banghaehasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨다",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하세요",
      "roman": "banghaehaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십니까",
      "roman": "banghaehasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨느냐",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨어요",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨습니까",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시라",
      "roman": "banghaehasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하세요",
      "roman": "banghaehaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하십시오",
      "roman": "banghaehasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠다",
      "roman": "banghaehasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠어",
      "roman": "banghaehasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠어요",
      "roman": "banghaehasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "banghaehasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔서",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시니",
      "roman": "banghaehasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시니까",
      "roman": "banghaehasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시지만",
      "roman": "banghaehasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시는데",
      "roman": "banghaehasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시더니",
      "roman": "banghaehasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시고",
      "roman": "banghaehasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시면",
      "roman": "banghaehasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셔야",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시려고",
      "roman": "banghaehasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하심",
      "roman": "banghaehasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시기",
      "roman": "banghaehasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨음",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하셨기",
      "roman": "banghaehasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하신",
      "roman": "banghaehasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하시는",
      "roman": "banghaehasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "방해하실",
      "roman": "banghaehasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "방해하다 • (banghaehada) (infinitive 방해해 or 방해하여, sequential 방해하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "transitive"
      },
      "expansion": "(transitive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hinder or obstruct"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hinder",
          "hinder"
        ],
        [
          "obstruct",
          "obstruct"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to interfere with"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "interfere",
          "interfere"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pa̠ŋɦɛɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[pa̠ŋɦe̞ɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "방해하다"
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "방헤하다"
    }
  ],
  "word": "방해하다"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 방해하다 meaning in Korean (13.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (606a11c and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.