"독서하다" meaning in Korean

See 독서하다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [to̞ks͈ʌ̹ɦa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: 독서(讀書) (dokseo, “reading”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs). Etymology templates: {{af|ko|독서(讀書)|-하다|pos2=light verb deriving active verbs|t1=reading|t2=to do}} 독서(讀書) (dokseo, “reading”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs) Head templates: {{ko-verb}} 독서하다 • (dokseohada) (infinitive 독서해 or 독서하여, sequential 독서하니) Forms: dokseohada [romanization], 독서해 [infinitive], 독서하여 [infinitive], 독서하니 [sequential], irregular [table-tags], 독서한다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 독서해 [indicative, informal, non-past], 독서해요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 독서합니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 독서했다 [formal, indicative, past], 독서했어 [indicative, informal, past], 독서했어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 독서했습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 독서하느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 독서해 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 독서해요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 독서합니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 독서했느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 독서했어 [informal, interrogative, past], 독서했어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 독서했습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 독서하자 [formal, hortative], 독서해 [hortative, informal], 독서해요 [hortative, informal, polite], 독서하십시다 [formal, hortative, polite], 독서해라 [formal, imperative], 독서하여라 [formal, imperative], 독서해 [imperative, informal], 독서해요 [imperative, informal, polite], 독서합시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 독서하겠다 [assertive, formal], 독서하겠어 [assertive, informal], 독서하겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 독서하겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 독서해 [causative, formal], 독서해서 [causative, informal], 독서하여서 [causative, informal], 독서하니 [causative, informal, polite], 독서하니까 [causative, formal, polite], 독서하지만 [contrastive, formal], 독서하는데 [contrastive, informal], 독서하더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 독서하고 [conjunctive, formal], 독서하면 [conditional, formal], 독서해야 [conditional, informal], 독서하여야 [conditional, informal], 독서하려고 [formal, motive-form], 독서함 [formal, noun-from-verb], 독서하기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 독서했음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 독서하였음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 독서했기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 독서하였기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 독서한 [determiner, formal, past], 독서하는 [determiner, formal, present], 독서할 [determiner, formal, future], irregular [table-tags], 독서하신다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 독서하셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 독서하세요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 독서하셔요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 독서하십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 독서하셨다 [formal, indicative, past], 독서하셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 독서하셨어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 독서하셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 독서하시느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 독서하셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 독서하세요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 독서하셔요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 독서하십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 독서하셨느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 독서하셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 독서하셨어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 독서하셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], - [interrogative], 독서하시라 [imperative, informal], 독서하셔 [imperative, informal, polite], 독서하세요 [formal, imperative, polite], 독서하십시오 [imperative], 독서하시겠다 [assertive, formal], 독서하시겠어 [assertive, informal], 독서하시겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 독서하시겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 독서하셔 [causative, formal, imperative], 독서하셔서 [causative, informal], 독서하시니 [causative, informal, polite], 독서하시니까 [causative, formal, polite], 독서하시지만 [contrastive, formal], 독서하시는데 [contrastive, informal], 독서하시더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 독서하시고 [conjunctive, formal], 독서하시면 [conditional, formal], 독서하셔야 [conditional, informal], 독서하시려고 [formal, motive-form], 독서하심 [formal, imperative, noun-from-verb], 독서하시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 독서하셨음 [formal, imperative, noun-from-verb, past], 독서하셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 독서하신 [determiner, formal, imperative, past], 독서하시는 [determiner, formal, imperative, present], 독서하실 [determiner, formal, future, imperative]
  1. to read
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "독서(讀書)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t1": "reading",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "독서(讀書) (dokseo, “reading”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "독서(讀書) (dokseo, “reading”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dokseohada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서한다",
      "roman": "dokseohanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서합니다",
      "roman": "dokseohamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했다",
      "roman": "dokseohaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어요",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서합니까",
      "roman": "dokseohamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어요",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했습니까",
      "roman": "dokseohaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하자",
      "roman": "dokseohaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십시다",
      "roman": "dokseohasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해라",
      "roman": "dokseohaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여라",
      "roman": "dokseohayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서합시오",
      "roman": "dokseohapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠다",
      "roman": "dokseohagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠어",
      "roman": "dokseohagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠어요",
      "roman": "dokseohagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해서",
      "roman": "dokseohaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여서",
      "roman": "dokseohayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하니",
      "roman": "dokseohani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하니까",
      "roman": "dokseohanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하지만",
      "roman": "dokseohajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하는데",
      "roman": "dokseohaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하더니",
      "roman": "dokseohadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하고",
      "roman": "dokseohago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하면",
      "roman": "dokseohamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해야",
      "roman": "dokseohaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여야",
      "roman": "dokseohayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하려고",
      "roman": "dokseoharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서함",
      "roman": "dokseoham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하기",
      "roman": "dokseohagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했음",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하였음",
      "roman": "dokseohayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했기",
      "roman": "dokseohaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하였기",
      "roman": "dokseohayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서한",
      "roman": "dokseohan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하는",
      "roman": "dokseohaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서할",
      "roman": "dokseohal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하신다",
      "roman": "dokseohasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하세요",
      "roman": "dokseohaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십니다",
      "roman": "dokseohasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨다",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하세요",
      "roman": "dokseohaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십니까",
      "roman": "dokseohasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨습니까",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시라",
      "roman": "dokseohasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하세요",
      "roman": "dokseohaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십시오",
      "roman": "dokseohasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠다",
      "roman": "dokseohasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠어",
      "roman": "dokseohasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠어요",
      "roman": "dokseohasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔서",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시니",
      "roman": "dokseohasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시니까",
      "roman": "dokseohasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시지만",
      "roman": "dokseohasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시는데",
      "roman": "dokseohasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시더니",
      "roman": "dokseohasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시고",
      "roman": "dokseohasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시면",
      "roman": "dokseohasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔야",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시려고",
      "roman": "dokseohasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하심",
      "roman": "dokseohasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시기",
      "roman": "dokseohasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨음",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨기",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하신",
      "roman": "dokseohasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시는",
      "roman": "dokseohasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하실",
      "roman": "dokseohasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "독서하다 • (dokseohada) (infinitive 독서해 or 독서하여, sequential 독서하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to read"
      ],
      "id": "en-독서하다-ko-verb-OQnC8LFq",
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞ks͈ʌ̹ɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "독써하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[독써하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "독서하다"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "독서(讀書)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t1": "reading",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "독서(讀書) (dokseo, “reading”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "독서(讀書) (dokseo, “reading”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dokseohada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서한다",
      "roman": "dokseohanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서합니다",
      "roman": "dokseohamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했다",
      "roman": "dokseohaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어요",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서합니까",
      "roman": "dokseohamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했어요",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했습니까",
      "roman": "dokseohaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하자",
      "roman": "dokseohaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십시다",
      "roman": "dokseohasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해라",
      "roman": "dokseohaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여라",
      "roman": "dokseohayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해요",
      "roman": "dokseohaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서합시오",
      "roman": "dokseohapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠다",
      "roman": "dokseohagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠어",
      "roman": "dokseohagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠어요",
      "roman": "dokseohagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해",
      "roman": "dokseohae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해서",
      "roman": "dokseohaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여서",
      "roman": "dokseohayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하니",
      "roman": "dokseohani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하니까",
      "roman": "dokseohanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하지만",
      "roman": "dokseohajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하는데",
      "roman": "dokseohaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하더니",
      "roman": "dokseohadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하고",
      "roman": "dokseohago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하면",
      "roman": "dokseohamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서해야",
      "roman": "dokseohaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하여야",
      "roman": "dokseohayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하려고",
      "roman": "dokseoharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서함",
      "roman": "dokseoham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하기",
      "roman": "dokseohagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했음",
      "roman": "dokseohaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하였음",
      "roman": "dokseohayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서했기",
      "roman": "dokseohaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하였기",
      "roman": "dokseohayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서한",
      "roman": "dokseohan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하는",
      "roman": "dokseohaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서할",
      "roman": "dokseohal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하신다",
      "roman": "dokseohasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하세요",
      "roman": "dokseohaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십니다",
      "roman": "dokseohasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨다",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하세요",
      "roman": "dokseohaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십니까",
      "roman": "dokseohasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨느냐",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨습니까",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시라",
      "roman": "dokseohasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하세요",
      "roman": "dokseohaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하십시오",
      "roman": "dokseohasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠다",
      "roman": "dokseohasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠어",
      "roman": "dokseohasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠어요",
      "roman": "dokseohasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokseohasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔서",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시니",
      "roman": "dokseohasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시니까",
      "roman": "dokseohasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시지만",
      "roman": "dokseohasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시는데",
      "roman": "dokseohasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시더니",
      "roman": "dokseohasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시고",
      "roman": "dokseohasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시면",
      "roman": "dokseohasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셔야",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시려고",
      "roman": "dokseohasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하심",
      "roman": "dokseohasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시기",
      "roman": "dokseohasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨음",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하셨기",
      "roman": "dokseohasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하신",
      "roman": "dokseohasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하시는",
      "roman": "dokseohasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독서하실",
      "roman": "dokseohasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "독서하다 • (dokseohada) (infinitive 독서해 or 독서하여, sequential 독서하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean ha-irregular verbs",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
        "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Korean verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to read"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞ks͈ʌ̹ɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "독써하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[독써하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "독서하다"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 독서하다 meaning in Korean (13.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (606a11c and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.