"나" meaning in Korean

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "나",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "나",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "나",
        "2": "nà",
        "3": "I; me"
      },
      "expansion": "나 (Yale: nà, “I; me”)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "나",
        "t": "I; me"
      },
      "expansion": "나 (na, “I; me”)",
      "name": "m-self"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "너",
        "t": "you"
      },
      "expansion": "너 (neo, “you”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "누",
        "t": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "누 (nu, “who”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "누구"
      },
      "expansion": "누구 (nugu)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "􂀿母􂁀(모)􂀿音􂁀(음)의 􂀿意􂁀(의)􂀿味􂁀(미)􂀿交􂁀(교)􂀿替􂁀(체)의 􂀿範􂁀(범)􂀿疇􂁀(주)-􂀿中􂁀(중)􂀿期􂁀(기)􂀿國􂁀(국)􂀿語􂁀(어)를 􂀿中􂁀(중)􂀿心􂁀(심)으로"
      },
      "expansion": "母(모)音(음)의 意(의)味(미)交(교)替(체)의 範(범)疇(주)-中(중)期(기)國(국)語(어)를 中(중)心(심)으로",
      "name": "ruby"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "<ruby>母<rp>(</rp><rt>모</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>音<rp>(</rp><rt>음</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>의 <ruby>意<rp>(</rp><rt>의</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>味<rp>(</rp><rt>미</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>交<rp>(</rp><rt>교</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>替<rp>(</rp><rt>체</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>의 <ruby>範<rp>(</rp><rt>범</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>疇<rp>(</rp><rt>주</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>-<ruby>中<rp>(</rp><rt>중</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>期<rp>(</rp><rt>기</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>國<rp>(</rp><rt>국</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>語<rp>(</rp><rt>어</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>를 <ruby>中<rp>(</rp><rt>중</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>心<rp>(</rp><rt>심</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>으로"
      },
      "expansion": "母(모)音(음)의 意(의)味(미)交(교)替(체)의 範(범)疇(주)中(중)期(기)國(국)語(어)를 中(중)心(심)으로",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "􂀿硏􂁀(연)􂀿究􂁀(구)"
      },
      "expansion": "硏(연)究(구)",
      "name": "ruby"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "Ablaut <ruby>硏<rp>(</rp><rt>연</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>究<rp>(</rp><rt>구</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>"
      },
      "expansion": "Ablaut 硏(연)究(구)",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "己",
        "pos": "first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun",
        "t": "I",
        "tr": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 己 (na, “I”, first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Vovin 2010"
      },
      "expansion": "Vovin 2010",
      "name": "ko-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Korean 나 (Yale: nà, “I; me”). Presumably existed in Old Korean, but cannot be ascertained because Old Korean pronouns were written with Chinese logograms that obscure the pronunciation.\nIt has been suggested since the 1950s that the basic Korean pronouns 나 (na, “I; me”), 너 (neo, “you”), and 누 (nu, “who”) (> modern 누구 (nugu)) were all formed from the same etymon via ablaut, which appears to have once been an extremely productive process in Korean, at some very ancient stage. Given the very limited data on prehistoric Korean, this hypothesis cannot be proven for sure either way.\nPossibly cognate with Old Japanese 己 (na, “I”, first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun); if so, generally assumed to be a Korean loan into Japanese given the scarcity of Ryukyuan cognates (Vovin 2010).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "나 • (na)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "너"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 41 25 34 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hanja readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 46 15 39 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean first person pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "you and me",
          "roman": "neona",
          "word": "너나"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I hope that flying cars will be invented soon.",
          "roman": "Na-neun haneur-eul naneun jadongcha-ga ppalli balmyeong-doegi-reul baranda.",
          "text": "나는 하늘을 나는 자동차가 빨리 발명되기를 바란다.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I, me; the first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun"
      ],
      "id": "en-나-ko-pron-dzTtdnyD",
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "me",
          "me"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "we",
          "roman": "uri",
          "word": "우리"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "저#I"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-ga",
          "word": "내 — allomorph before the nominative marker 가"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[나]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "낳〮"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean 낳〮 (náh)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Korean 낳〮 (náh); see the main entry for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나 • (na)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "nai, “age”",
          "word": "나이"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gyeongsang Korean",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 41 25 34 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hanja readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 46 15 39 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of 나이 (nai, “age”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-나-ko-noun-mXHJbh--",
      "links": [
        [
          "나이",
          "나이#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(especially Gyeongsang) Alternative form of 나이 (nai, “age”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gyeongsang",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "especially"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠(ː)]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[나(ː)]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_text": "Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나 (na)",
      "name": "ko-syllable"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "en-나-ko-syllable-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "라"
      },
      "expansion": "라 (ra)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "라"
      },
      "expansion": "라 (ra)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, when in isolation or as the first character of a word. Word-internally, they are pronounced as 라 (ra).\nFollowing a language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans pronounce these characters as 라 (ra) in all environments.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나 (na)",
      "name": "ko-syllable"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "en-나-ko-syllable-47DEQpj81",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean first person pronouns",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean pronouns",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with audio links",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "you and me",
      "roman": "neona",
      "word": "너나"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "나",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "나",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "나",
        "2": "nà",
        "3": "I; me"
      },
      "expansion": "나 (Yale: nà, “I; me”)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "나",
        "t": "I; me"
      },
      "expansion": "나 (na, “I; me”)",
      "name": "m-self"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "너",
        "t": "you"
      },
      "expansion": "너 (neo, “you”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "누",
        "t": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "누 (nu, “who”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "누구"
      },
      "expansion": "누구 (nugu)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "􂀿母􂁀(모)􂀿音􂁀(음)의 􂀿意􂁀(의)􂀿味􂁀(미)􂀿交􂁀(교)􂀿替􂁀(체)의 􂀿範􂁀(범)􂀿疇􂁀(주)-􂀿中􂁀(중)􂀿期􂁀(기)􂀿國􂁀(국)􂀿語􂁀(어)를 􂀿中􂁀(중)􂀿心􂁀(심)으로"
      },
      "expansion": "母(모)音(음)의 意(의)味(미)交(교)替(체)의 範(범)疇(주)-中(중)期(기)國(국)語(어)를 中(중)心(심)으로",
      "name": "ruby"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "<ruby>母<rp>(</rp><rt>모</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>音<rp>(</rp><rt>음</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>의 <ruby>意<rp>(</rp><rt>의</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>味<rp>(</rp><rt>미</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>交<rp>(</rp><rt>교</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>替<rp>(</rp><rt>체</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>의 <ruby>範<rp>(</rp><rt>범</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>疇<rp>(</rp><rt>주</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>-<ruby>中<rp>(</rp><rt>중</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>期<rp>(</rp><rt>기</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>國<rp>(</rp><rt>국</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>語<rp>(</rp><rt>어</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>를 <ruby>中<rp>(</rp><rt>중</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>心<rp>(</rp><rt>심</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>으로"
      },
      "expansion": "母(모)音(음)의 意(의)味(미)交(교)替(체)의 範(범)疇(주)中(중)期(기)國(국)語(어)를 中(중)心(심)으로",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "􂀿硏􂁀(연)􂀿究􂁀(구)"
      },
      "expansion": "硏(연)究(구)",
      "name": "ruby"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "Ablaut <ruby>硏<rp>(</rp><rt>연</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>究<rp>(</rp><rt>구</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>"
      },
      "expansion": "Ablaut 硏(연)究(구)",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "己",
        "pos": "first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun",
        "t": "I",
        "tr": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 己 (na, “I”, first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Vovin 2010"
      },
      "expansion": "Vovin 2010",
      "name": "ko-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Korean 나 (Yale: nà, “I; me”). Presumably existed in Old Korean, but cannot be ascertained because Old Korean pronouns were written with Chinese logograms that obscure the pronunciation.\nIt has been suggested since the 1950s that the basic Korean pronouns 나 (na, “I; me”), 너 (neo, “you”), and 누 (nu, “who”) (> modern 누구 (nugu)) were all formed from the same etymon via ablaut, which appears to have once been an extremely productive process in Korean, at some very ancient stage. Given the very limited data on prehistoric Korean, this hypothesis cannot be proven for sure either way.\nPossibly cognate with Old Japanese 己 (na, “I”, first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun); if so, generally assumed to be a Korean loan into Japanese given the scarcity of Ryukyuan cognates (Vovin 2010).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "나 • (na)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "we",
      "roman": "uri",
      "word": "우리"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "너"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I hope that flying cars will be invented soon.",
          "roman": "Na-neun haneur-eul naneun jadongcha-ga ppalli balmyeong-doegi-reul baranda.",
          "text": "나는 하늘을 나는 자동차가 빨리 발명되기를 바란다.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I, me; the first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "me",
          "me"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "저#I"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[나]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "-ga",
      "word": "내 — allomorph before the nominative marker 가"
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean first person pronouns",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean nouns",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with audio links",
    "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "낳〮"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean 낳〮 (náh)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Korean 낳〮 (náh); see the main entry for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나 • (na)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "nai, “age”",
          "word": "나이"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Gyeongsang Korean"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of 나이 (nai, “age”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "나이",
          "나이#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(especially Gyeongsang) Alternative form of 나이 (nai, “age”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Gyeongsang",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "especially"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[na̠(ː)]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[나(ː)]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean first person pronouns",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_text": "Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나 (na)",
      "name": "ko-syllable"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hanja readings",
    "Korean first person pronouns",
    "Sino-Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "라"
      },
      "expansion": "라 (ra)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "라"
      },
      "expansion": "라 (ra)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, when in isolation or as the first character of a word. Word-internally, they are pronounced as 라 (ra).\nFollowing a language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans pronounce these characters as 라 (ra) in all environments.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "na",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "나 (na)",
      "name": "ko-syllable"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "나"
}