"그을다" meaning in Korean

See 그을다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [kɯɯɭda̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: First attested in the Yeogeo yuhaebo (譯語類解補 / 역어유해보), 1775, as Early Modern Korean 그을다, from Middle Korean *그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮 (Yale: kùzùl-tá), not attested directly but found in the derived form 그ᅀᅳ리다 (Yale: kuzuli-ta) and the place name 그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯 (Yale: Kùzùm-syěm, “darkening island”). Etymology templates: {{ko-etym-native|yyb|그을다|dot=,}} First attested in the Yeogeo yuhaebo (譯語類解補 / 역어유해보), 1775, as Early Modern Korean 그을다,, {{inh|ko|okm|-}} Middle Korean, {{m|okm|*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮|tr=-}} *그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮, {{okm-l|*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮|kùzùl-tá}} *그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮 (Yale: kùzùl-tá), {{m|okm|그ᅀᅳ리다|tr=-}} 그ᅀᅳ리다, {{okm-l|그ᅀᅳ리다|kuzuli-ta}} 그ᅀᅳ리다 (Yale: kuzuli-ta), {{m|okm|그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯|tr=-}} 그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯, {{okm-l|그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯|Kùzùm-syěm|darkening island}} 그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯 (Yale: Kùzùm-syěm, “darkening island”) Head templates: {{ko-verb}} 그을다 • (geueulda) (infinitive 그을어, sequential 그으니) Forms: geueulda [romanization], 그을어 [infinitive], 그으니 [sequential], irregular [table-tags], 그은다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 그을어 [indicative, informal, non-past], 그을어요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 그읍니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 그을었다 [formal, indicative, past], 그을었어 [indicative, informal, past], 그을었어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 그을었습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 그으느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 그을어 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 그을어요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 그읍니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 그을었느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 그을었어 [informal, interrogative, past], 그을었어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 그을었습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 그을자 [formal, hortative], 그을어 [hortative, informal], 그을어요 [hortative, informal, polite], 그으십시다 [formal, hortative, polite], 그을어라 [formal, imperative], 그을어 [imperative, informal], 그을어요 [imperative, informal, polite], 그읍시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 그을겠다 [assertive, formal], 그을겠어 [assertive, informal], 그을겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 그을겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 그을어 [causative, formal], 그을어서 [causative, informal], 그으니 [causative, informal, polite], 그으니까 [causative, formal, polite], 그을지만 [contrastive, formal], 그으는데 [contrastive, informal], 그을더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 그을고 [conjunctive, formal], 그을면 [conditional, formal], 그을어야 [conditional, informal], 그을려고 [formal, motive-form], 그읆 [formal, noun-from-verb], 그을기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 그을었음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 그을었기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 그은 [determiner, formal, past], 그으는 [determiner, formal, present], 그을 [determiner, formal, future], irregular [table-tags], 그으신다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 그으셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 그으세요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 그으셔요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 그으십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 그으셨다 [formal, indicative, past], 그으셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 그으셨어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 그으셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 그으시느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 그으셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 그으세요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 그으셔요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 그으십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 그으셨느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 그으셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 그으셨어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 그으셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 그으시라 [formal, imperative], 그으셔 [imperative, informal], 그으세요 [imperative, informal, polite], 그으십시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 그으시겠다 [assertive, formal], 그으시겠어 [assertive, informal], 그으시겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 그으시겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 그으셔 [causative, formal], 그으셔서 [causative, informal], 그으시니 [causative, informal, polite], 그으시니까 [causative, formal, polite], 그으시지만 [contrastive, formal], 그으시는데 [contrastive, informal], 그으시더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 그으시고 [conjunctive, formal], 그으시면 [conditional, formal], 그으셔야 [conditional, informal], 그으시려고 [formal, motive-form], 그으심 [formal, noun-from-verb], 그으시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 그으셨음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 그으셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 그으신 [determiner, formal, past], 그으시는 [determiner, formal, present], 그으실 [determiner, formal, future]
  1. to become suntanned; to become darkened by sunshine
    Sense id: en-그을다-ko-verb-05bKi3gl Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Korean terms with redundant transliterations, Native Korean words Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 55 45 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 53 47 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Native Korean words: 55 45
  2. to become sooty; to become darkened by smoke or ash
    Sense id: en-그을다-ko-verb-bFmCD8o1 Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Korean terms with redundant transliterations, Native Korean words Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 55 45 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 53 47 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Native Korean words: 55 45

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 그을다 meaning in Korean (14.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yyb",
        "2": "그을다",
        "dot": ","
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Yeogeo yuhaebo (譯語類解補 / 역어유해보), 1775, as Early Modern Korean 그을다,",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮",
        "2": "kùzùl-tá"
      },
      "expansion": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮 (Yale: kùzùl-tá)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "그ᅀᅳ리다",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳ리다",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "그ᅀᅳ리다",
        "2": "kuzuli-ta"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳ리다 (Yale: kuzuli-ta)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯",
        "2": "Kùzùm-syěm",
        "3": "darkening island"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯 (Yale: Kùzùm-syěm, “darkening island”)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Yeogeo yuhaebo (譯語類解補 / 역어유해보), 1775, as Early Modern Korean 그을다, from Middle Korean *그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮 (Yale: kùzùl-tá), not attested directly but found in the derived form 그ᅀᅳ리다 (Yale: kuzuli-ta) and the place name 그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯 (Yale: Kùzùm-syěm, “darkening island”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "geueulda",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "consonant-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그은다",
      "roman": "geueunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읍니다",
      "roman": "geueumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었다",
      "roman": "geueureotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어",
      "roman": "geueureosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어요",
      "roman": "geueureosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었습니다",
      "roman": "geueureotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으느냐",
      "roman": "geueuneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읍니까",
      "roman": "geueumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었느냐",
      "roman": "geueureonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어",
      "roman": "geueureosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어요",
      "roman": "geueureosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었습니까",
      "roman": "geueureotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을자",
      "roman": "geueulja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십시다",
      "roman": "geueusipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어라",
      "roman": "geueureora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읍시오",
      "roman": "geueupsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠다",
      "roman": "geueulgetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠어",
      "roman": "geueulgesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠어요",
      "roman": "geueulgesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠습니다",
      "roman": "geueulgetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어서",
      "roman": "geueureoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으니",
      "roman": "geueuni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으니까",
      "roman": "geueunikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을지만",
      "roman": "geueuljiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으는데",
      "roman": "geueuneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을더니",
      "roman": "geueuldeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을고",
      "roman": "geueulgo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을면",
      "roman": "geueulmyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어야",
      "roman": "geueureoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을려고",
      "roman": "geueullyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읆",
      "roman": "geueum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을기",
      "roman": "geueulgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었음",
      "roman": "geueureosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었기",
      "roman": "geueureotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그은",
      "roman": "geueun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으는",
      "roman": "geueuneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을",
      "roman": "geueul",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "consonant-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으신다",
      "roman": "geueusinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으세요",
      "roman": "geueuseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔요",
      "roman": "geueusyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십니다",
      "roman": "geueusimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨다",
      "roman": "geueusyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어요",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨습니다",
      "roman": "geueusyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시느냐",
      "roman": "geueusineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으세요",
      "roman": "geueuseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔요",
      "roman": "geueusyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십니까",
      "roman": "geueusimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨느냐",
      "roman": "geueusyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어요",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨습니까",
      "roman": "geueusyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시라",
      "roman": "geueusira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으세요",
      "roman": "geueuseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십시오",
      "roman": "geueusipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠다",
      "roman": "geueusigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠어",
      "roman": "geueusigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠어요",
      "roman": "geueusigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠습니다",
      "roman": "geueusigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔서",
      "roman": "geueusyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시니",
      "roman": "geueusini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시니까",
      "roman": "geueusinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시지만",
      "roman": "geueusijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시는데",
      "roman": "geueusineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시더니",
      "roman": "geueusideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시고",
      "roman": "geueusigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시면",
      "roman": "geueusimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔야",
      "roman": "geueusyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시려고",
      "roman": "geueusiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으심",
      "roman": "geueusim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시기",
      "roman": "geueusigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨음",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨기",
      "roman": "geueusyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으신",
      "roman": "geueusin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시는",
      "roman": "geueusineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으실",
      "roman": "geueusil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "그을다 • (geueulda) (infinitive 그을어, sequential 그으니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Native Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become suntanned; to become darkened by sunshine"
      ],
      "id": "en-그을다-ko-verb-05bKi3gl",
      "links": [
        [
          "suntanned",
          "suntanned"
        ],
        [
          "darkened",
          "darkened"
        ],
        [
          "sunshine",
          "sunshine"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Native Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become sooty; to become darkened by smoke or ash"
      ],
      "id": "en-그을다-ko-verb-bFmCD8o1",
      "links": [
        [
          "sooty",
          "sooty"
        ],
        [
          "darkened",
          "darkened"
        ],
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ],
        [
          "ash",
          "ash"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯɯɭda̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[그을다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "그을다"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean l-irregular verbs",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean terms derived from Early Modern Korean",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Early Modern Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Korean verbs",
    "Native Korean words"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yyb",
        "2": "그을다",
        "dot": ","
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Yeogeo yuhaebo (譯語類解補 / 역어유해보), 1775, as Early Modern Korean 그을다,",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮",
        "2": "kùzùl-tá"
      },
      "expansion": "*그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮 (Yale: kùzùl-tá)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "그ᅀᅳ리다",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳ리다",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "그ᅀᅳ리다",
        "2": "kuzuli-ta"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳ리다 (Yale: kuzuli-ta)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯",
        "2": "Kùzùm-syěm",
        "3": "darkening island"
      },
      "expansion": "그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯 (Yale: Kùzùm-syěm, “darkening island”)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the Yeogeo yuhaebo (譯語類解補 / 역어유해보), 1775, as Early Modern Korean 그을다, from Middle Korean *그ᅀᅳᆯ다〮 (Yale: kùzùl-tá), not attested directly but found in the derived form 그ᅀᅳ리다 (Yale: kuzuli-ta) and the place name 그ᅀᅳᆷ셤〯 (Yale: Kùzùm-syěm, “darkening island”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "geueulda",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "consonant-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그은다",
      "roman": "geueunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읍니다",
      "roman": "geueumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었다",
      "roman": "geueureotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어",
      "roman": "geueureosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어요",
      "roman": "geueureosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었습니다",
      "roman": "geueureotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으느냐",
      "roman": "geueuneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읍니까",
      "roman": "geueumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었느냐",
      "roman": "geueureonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어",
      "roman": "geueureosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었어요",
      "roman": "geueureosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었습니까",
      "roman": "geueureotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을자",
      "roman": "geueulja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십시다",
      "roman": "geueusipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어라",
      "roman": "geueureora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어요",
      "roman": "geueureoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읍시오",
      "roman": "geueupsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠다",
      "roman": "geueulgetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠어",
      "roman": "geueulgesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠어요",
      "roman": "geueulgesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을겠습니다",
      "roman": "geueulgetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어",
      "roman": "geueureo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어서",
      "roman": "geueureoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으니",
      "roman": "geueuni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으니까",
      "roman": "geueunikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을지만",
      "roman": "geueuljiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으는데",
      "roman": "geueuneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을더니",
      "roman": "geueuldeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을고",
      "roman": "geueulgo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을면",
      "roman": "geueulmyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을어야",
      "roman": "geueureoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을려고",
      "roman": "geueullyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그읆",
      "roman": "geueum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을기",
      "roman": "geueulgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었음",
      "roman": "geueureosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을었기",
      "roman": "geueureotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그은",
      "roman": "geueun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으는",
      "roman": "geueuneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그을",
      "roman": "geueul",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "consonant-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으신다",
      "roman": "geueusinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으세요",
      "roman": "geueuseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔요",
      "roman": "geueusyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십니다",
      "roman": "geueusimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨다",
      "roman": "geueusyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어요",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨습니다",
      "roman": "geueusyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시느냐",
      "roman": "geueusineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으세요",
      "roman": "geueuseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔요",
      "roman": "geueusyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십니까",
      "roman": "geueusimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨느냐",
      "roman": "geueusyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨어요",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨습니까",
      "roman": "geueusyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시라",
      "roman": "geueusira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으세요",
      "roman": "geueuseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으십시오",
      "roman": "geueusipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠다",
      "roman": "geueusigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠어",
      "roman": "geueusigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠어요",
      "roman": "geueusigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시겠습니다",
      "roman": "geueusigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔",
      "roman": "geueusyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔서",
      "roman": "geueusyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시니",
      "roman": "geueusini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시니까",
      "roman": "geueusinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시지만",
      "roman": "geueusijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시는데",
      "roman": "geueusineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시더니",
      "roman": "geueusideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시고",
      "roman": "geueusigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시면",
      "roman": "geueusimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셔야",
      "roman": "geueusyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시려고",
      "roman": "geueusiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으심",
      "roman": "geueusim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시기",
      "roman": "geueusigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨음",
      "roman": "geueusyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으셨기",
      "roman": "geueusyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으신",
      "roman": "geueusin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으시는",
      "roman": "geueusineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "그으실",
      "roman": "geueusil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "그을다 • (geueulda) (infinitive 그을어, sequential 그으니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to become suntanned; to become darkened by sunshine"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "suntanned",
          "suntanned"
        ],
        [
          "darkened",
          "darkened"
        ],
        [
          "sunshine",
          "sunshine"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to become sooty; to become darkened by smoke or ash"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sooty",
          "sooty"
        ],
        [
          "darkened",
          "darkened"
        ],
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ],
        [
          "ash",
          "ash"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯɯɭda̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[그을다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "그을다"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.