"고민하다" meaning in Korean

See 고민하다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ko̞minɦa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: 고민(苦悶) (gomin, “agony; anguish”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs). Etymology templates: {{af|ko|고민(苦悶)|-하다|pos2=light verb deriving active verbs|t1=agony; anguish|t2=to do}} 고민(苦悶) (gomin, “agony; anguish”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs) Head templates: {{ko-verb}} 고민하다 • (gominhada) (infinitive 고민해 or 고민하여, sequential 고민하니) Forms: gominhada [romanization], 고민해 [infinitive], 고민하여 [infinitive], 고민하니 [sequential], irregular [table-tags], 고민한다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 고민해 [indicative, informal, non-past], 고민해요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 고민합니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 고민했다 [formal, indicative, past], 고민했어 [indicative, informal, past], 고민했어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 고민했습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 고민하느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 고민해 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 고민해요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 고민합니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 고민했느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 고민했어 [informal, interrogative, past], 고민했어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 고민했습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 고민하자 [formal, hortative], 고민해 [hortative, informal], 고민해요 [hortative, informal, polite], 고민하십시다 [formal, hortative, polite], 고민해라 [formal, imperative], 고민하여라 [formal, imperative], 고민해 [imperative, informal], 고민해요 [imperative, informal, polite], 고민합시오 [formal, imperative, polite], 고민하겠다 [assertive, formal], 고민하겠어 [assertive, informal], 고민하겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 고민하겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 고민해 [causative, formal], 고민해서 [causative, informal], 고민하여서 [causative, informal], 고민하니 [causative, informal, polite], 고민하니까 [causative, formal, polite], 고민하지만 [contrastive, formal], 고민하는데 [contrastive, informal], 고민하더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 고민하고 [conjunctive, formal], 고민하면 [conditional, formal], 고민해야 [conditional, informal], 고민하여야 [conditional, informal], 고민하려고 [formal, motive-form], 고민함 [formal, noun-from-verb], 고민하기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 고민했음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 고민하였음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 고민했기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 고민하였기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 고민한 [determiner, formal, past], 고민하는 [determiner, formal, present], 고민할 [determiner, formal, future], irregular [table-tags], 고민하신다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 고민하셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 고민하세요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 고민하셔요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 고민하십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 고민하셨다 [formal, indicative, past], 고민하셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 고민하셨어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 고민하셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 고민하시느냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 고민하셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 고민하세요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 고민하셔요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 고민하십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 고민하셨느냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 고민하셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 고민하셨어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 고민하셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], - [interrogative], 고민하시라 [imperative, informal], 고민하셔 [imperative, informal, polite], 고민하세요 [formal, imperative, polite], 고민하십시오 [imperative], 고민하시겠다 [assertive, formal], 고민하시겠어 [assertive, informal], 고민하시겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 고민하시겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 고민하셔 [causative, formal, imperative], 고민하셔서 [causative, informal], 고민하시니 [causative, informal, polite], 고민하시니까 [causative, formal, polite], 고민하시지만 [contrastive, formal], 고민하시는데 [contrastive, informal], 고민하시더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 고민하시고 [conjunctive, formal], 고민하시면 [conditional, formal], 고민하셔야 [conditional, informal], 고민하시려고 [formal, motive-form], 고민하심 [formal, imperative, noun-from-verb], 고민하시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 고민하셨음 [formal, imperative, noun-from-verb, past], 고민하셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 고민하신 [determiner, formal, imperative, past], 고민하시는 [determiner, formal, imperative, present], 고민하실 [determiner, formal, future, imperative]
  1. to worry, to be concerned
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "고민(苦悶)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t1": "agony; anguish",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "고민(苦悶) (gomin, “agony; anguish”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "고민(苦悶) (gomin, “agony; anguish”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gominhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민한다",
      "roman": "gominhanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민합니다",
      "roman": "gominhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했다",
      "roman": "gominhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어",
      "roman": "gominhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어요",
      "roman": "gominhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했습니다",
      "roman": "gominhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하느냐",
      "roman": "gominhaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민합니까",
      "roman": "gominhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했느냐",
      "roman": "gominhaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어",
      "roman": "gominhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어요",
      "roman": "gominhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했습니까",
      "roman": "gominhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하자",
      "roman": "gominhaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십시다",
      "roman": "gominhasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해라",
      "roman": "gominhaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여라",
      "roman": "gominhayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민합시오",
      "roman": "gominhapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠다",
      "roman": "gominhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠어",
      "roman": "gominhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠어요",
      "roman": "gominhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠습니다",
      "roman": "gominhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해서",
      "roman": "gominhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여서",
      "roman": "gominhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하니",
      "roman": "gominhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하니까",
      "roman": "gominhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하지만",
      "roman": "gominhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하는데",
      "roman": "gominhaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하더니",
      "roman": "gominhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하고",
      "roman": "gominhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하면",
      "roman": "gominhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해야",
      "roman": "gominhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여야",
      "roman": "gominhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하려고",
      "roman": "gominharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민함",
      "roman": "gominham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하기",
      "roman": "gominhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했음",
      "roman": "gominhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하였음",
      "roman": "gominhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했기",
      "roman": "gominhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하였기",
      "roman": "gominhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민한",
      "roman": "gominhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하는",
      "roman": "gominhaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민할",
      "roman": "gominhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하신다",
      "roman": "gominhasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하세요",
      "roman": "gominhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십니다",
      "roman": "gominhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨다",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨습니다",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시느냐",
      "roman": "gominhasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하세요",
      "roman": "gominhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십니까",
      "roman": "gominhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨느냐",
      "roman": "gominhasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨습니까",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시라",
      "roman": "gominhasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하세요",
      "roman": "gominhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십시오",
      "roman": "gominhasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠다",
      "roman": "gominhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠어",
      "roman": "gominhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠어요",
      "roman": "gominhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "gominhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔서",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시니",
      "roman": "gominhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시니까",
      "roman": "gominhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시지만",
      "roman": "gominhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시는데",
      "roman": "gominhasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시더니",
      "roman": "gominhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시고",
      "roman": "gominhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시면",
      "roman": "gominhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔야",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시려고",
      "roman": "gominhasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하심",
      "roman": "gominhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시기",
      "roman": "gominhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨음",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨기",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하신",
      "roman": "gominhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시는",
      "roman": "gominhasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하실",
      "roman": "gominhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "고민하다 • (gominhada) (infinitive 고민해 or 고민하여, sequential 고민하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to worry, to be concerned"
      ],
      "id": "en-고민하다-ko-verb-8Kl8i6Xl",
      "links": [
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "concerned",
          "concerned"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ko̞minɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "고민하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[고민하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "고민하다"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "고민(苦悶)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving active verbs",
        "t1": "agony; anguish",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "고민(苦悶) (gomin, “agony; anguish”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "고민(苦悶) (gomin, “agony; anguish”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gominhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민한다",
      "roman": "gominhanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민합니다",
      "roman": "gominhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했다",
      "roman": "gominhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어",
      "roman": "gominhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어요",
      "roman": "gominhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했습니다",
      "roman": "gominhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하느냐",
      "roman": "gominhaneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민합니까",
      "roman": "gominhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했느냐",
      "roman": "gominhaenneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어",
      "roman": "gominhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했어요",
      "roman": "gominhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했습니까",
      "roman": "gominhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하자",
      "roman": "gominhaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hortative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십시다",
      "roman": "gominhasipsida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "hortative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해라",
      "roman": "gominhaera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여라",
      "roman": "gominhayeora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해요",
      "roman": "gominhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민합시오",
      "roman": "gominhapsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠다",
      "roman": "gominhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠어",
      "roman": "gominhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠어요",
      "roman": "gominhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하겠습니다",
      "roman": "gominhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해",
      "roman": "gominhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해서",
      "roman": "gominhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여서",
      "roman": "gominhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하니",
      "roman": "gominhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하니까",
      "roman": "gominhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하지만",
      "roman": "gominhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하는데",
      "roman": "gominhaneunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하더니",
      "roman": "gominhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하고",
      "roman": "gominhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하면",
      "roman": "gominhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민해야",
      "roman": "gominhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하여야",
      "roman": "gominhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하려고",
      "roman": "gominharyeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민함",
      "roman": "gominham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하기",
      "roman": "gominhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했음",
      "roman": "gominhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하였음",
      "roman": "gominhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민했기",
      "roman": "gominhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하였기",
      "roman": "gominhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민한",
      "roman": "gominhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하는",
      "roman": "gominhaneun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민할",
      "roman": "gominhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/verb",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하신다",
      "roman": "gominhasinda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하세요",
      "roman": "gominhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십니다",
      "roman": "gominhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨다",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨습니다",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시느냐",
      "roman": "gominhasineunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하세요",
      "roman": "gominhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십니까",
      "roman": "gominhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨느냐",
      "roman": "gominhasyeonneunya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨어요",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨습니까",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시라",
      "roman": "gominhasira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하세요",
      "roman": "gominhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하십시오",
      "roman": "gominhasipsio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠다",
      "roman": "gominhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠어",
      "roman": "gominhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠어요",
      "roman": "gominhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "gominhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔",
      "roman": "gominhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔서",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시니",
      "roman": "gominhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시니까",
      "roman": "gominhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시지만",
      "roman": "gominhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시는데",
      "roman": "gominhasineunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시더니",
      "roman": "gominhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시고",
      "roman": "gominhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시면",
      "roman": "gominhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셔야",
      "roman": "gominhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시려고",
      "roman": "gominhasiryeogo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "motive-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하심",
      "roman": "gominhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시기",
      "roman": "gominhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨음",
      "roman": "gominhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하셨기",
      "roman": "gominhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하신",
      "roman": "gominhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하시는",
      "roman": "gominhasineun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "고민하실",
      "roman": "gominhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "formal",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "고민하다 • (gominhada) (infinitive 고민해 or 고민하여, sequential 고민하니)",
      "name": "ko-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean ha-irregular verbs",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
        "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Korean verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to worry, to be concerned"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "concerned",
          "concerned"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ko̞minɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "고민하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[고민하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "고민하다"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 고민하다 meaning in Korean (13.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (e2469cc and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.