다지다

ko-verb

다지다 • (dajida) (infinitive 다져 or 다지어, sequential 다지니)

dajida (romanization)
다져 (infinitive)
다지어 (infinitive)
다지니 (sequential)
다진다 (formal indicative non-past)
다져 (indicative informal non-past)
다져요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
다지어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
다집니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
다졌다 (formal indicative past)
다졌어 (indicative informal past)
다졌어요 (indicative informal past polite)
다졌습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
다지느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
다져 (informal interrogative non-past)
다져요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
다지어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
다집니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
다졌느냐 (formal interrogative past)
다졌어 (informal interrogative past)
다졌어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
다졌습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
다지자 (formal hortative)
다져 (hortative informal)
다져요 (hortative informal polite)
다지어요 (hortative informal polite)
다지십시다 (formal hortative polite)
다져라 (formal imperative)
다지어라 (formal imperative)
다져 (imperative informal)
다져요 (imperative informal polite)
다지어요 (imperative informal polite)
다집시오 (formal imperative polite)
다지겠다 (assertive formal)
다지겠어 (assertive informal)
다지겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
다지겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
다져 (causative formal)
다져서 (causative informal)
다지어서 (causative informal)
다지니 (causative informal polite)
다지니까 (causative formal polite)
다지지만 (contrastive formal)
다지는데 (contrastive informal)
다지더니 (contrastive informal polite)
다지고 (conjunctive formal)
다지면 (conditional formal)
다져야 (conditional informal)
다지어야 (conditional informal)
다지려고 (formal motive-form)
다짐 (formal noun-from-verb)
다지기 (informal noun-from-verb)
다졌음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
다지었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
다졌기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
다지었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
다진 (determiner formal past)
다지는 (determiner formal present)
다질 (determiner formal future)
다지신다 (formal indicative non-past)
다지셔 (indicative informal non-past)
다지세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
다지셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
다지십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
다지셨다 (formal indicative past)
다지셨어 (indicative informal past)
다지셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
다지셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
다지시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
다지셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
다지세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
다지셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
다지십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
다지셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
다지셨어 (informal interrogative past)
다지셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
다지셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
다지시라 (formal imperative)
다지셔 (imperative informal)
다지세요 (imperative informal polite)
다지십시오 (formal imperative polite)
다지시겠다 (assertive formal)
다지시겠어 (assertive informal)
다지시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
다지시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
다지셔 (causative formal)
다지셔서 (causative informal)
다지시니 (causative informal polite)
다지시니까 (causative formal polite)
다지시지만 (contrastive formal)
다지시는데 (contrastive informal)
다지시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
다지시고 (conjunctive formal)
다지시면 (conditional formal)
다지셔야 (conditional informal)
다지시려고 (formal motive-form)
다지심 (formal noun-from-verb)
다지시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
다지셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
다지셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
다지신 (determiner formal past)
다지시는 (determiner formal present)
다지실 (determiner formal future)


공사

Sino-Korean word from 工事, from 工 (“work”) + 事 (“affair”).

ko-etym-Sino

1987. Standard Industrial Classification Manual 1987/C
그러나 실제 공사는 한군데 이상 서로 다른 장소에서 수행된다.
geureona silje gongsa-neun han'gunde isang seoro dareun jangso-eseo suhaengdoenda.
But the actual construction work is performed at one or more different sites.


무용

유용과 무용

(formal, uncommon except in conjunction with 유용(有用) (yuyong)) being useless; uselessness


문화재

From 문화 (文化, munhwa, “culture”) + 재 (財, jae, “treasure”).

(law) A government-designated tangible or intangible cultural property.


체육

Sino-Korean word from 體育, from 體 (“body”) + 育 (“education”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 体育(たいいく) (taiiku).

매일 체육 시간에 1000 미터 달리기가 있다.

In PE class [we] have to run 1000 meters every day.

Maeil cheyuk sigan-e cheon miteo dalligi-ga itda.


이익

Sino-Korean word from 利益, from 利 (“benefit”) + 益 (“adding”)


평균

Sino-Korean word from 平均, from 平 (“level”) + 均 (“leveling”)


농촌

Sino-Korean word from 農村, from 農 (“farming”) + 村 (“village”)


미소

미소를 짓다／띠다


구성되다

ko-verb

구성되다 • (guseongdoeda) (infinitive 구성돼 or 구성되어, sequential 구성되니)

guseongdoeda (romanization)
구성돼 (infinitive)
구성되어 (infinitive)
구성되니 (sequential)
구성된다 (formal indicative non-past)
구성돼 (indicative informal non-past)
구성돼요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
구성되어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
구성됩니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
구성됐다 (formal indicative past)
구성됐어 (indicative informal past)
구성됐어요 (indicative informal past polite)
구성됐습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
구성되느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
구성돼 (informal interrogative non-past)
구성돼요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
구성되어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
구성됩니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
구성됐느냐 (formal interrogative past)
구성됐어 (informal interrogative past)
구성됐어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
구성됐습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
구성되자 (formal hortative)
구성돼 (hortative informal)
구성돼요 (hortative informal polite)
구성되어요 (hortative informal polite)
구성되십시다 (formal hortative polite)
구성돼라 (formal imperative)
구성되어라 (formal imperative)
구성돼 (imperative informal)
구성돼요 (imperative informal polite)
구성되어요 (imperative informal polite)
구성됩시오 (formal imperative polite)
구성되겠다 (assertive formal)
구성되겠어 (assertive informal)
구성되겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
구성되겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
구성돼 (causative formal)
구성돼서 (causative informal)
구성되어서 (causative informal)
구성되니 (causative informal polite)
구성되니까 (causative formal polite)
구성되지만 (contrastive formal)
구성되는데 (contrastive informal)
구성되더니 (contrastive informal polite)
구성되고 (conjunctive formal)
구성되면 (conditional formal)
구성돼야 (conditional informal)
구성되어야 (conditional informal)
구성되려고 (formal motive-form)
구성됨 (formal noun-from-verb)
구성되기 (informal noun-from-verb)
구성됐음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
구성되었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
구성됐기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
구성되었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
구성된 (determiner formal past)
구성되는 (determiner formal present)
구성될 (determiner formal future)
구성되신다 (formal indicative non-past)
구성되셔 (indicative informal non-past)
구성되세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
구성되셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
구성되십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
구성되셨다 (formal indicative past)
구성되셨어 (indicative informal past)
구성되셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
구성되셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
구성되시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
구성되셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
구성되세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
구성되셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
구성되십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
구성되셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
구성되셨어 (informal interrogative past)
구성되셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
구성되셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
구성되시라 (formal imperative)
구성되셔 (imperative informal)
구성되세요 (imperative informal polite)
구성되십시오 (formal imperative polite)
구성되시겠다 (assertive formal)
구성되시겠어 (assertive informal)
구성되시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
구성되시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
구성되셔 (causative formal)
구성되셔서 (causative informal)
구성되시니 (causative informal polite)
구성되시니까 (causative formal polite)
구성되시지만 (contrastive formal)
구성되시는데 (contrastive informal)
구성되시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
구성되시고 (conjunctive formal)
구성되시면 (conditional formal)
구성되셔야 (conditional informal)
구성되시려고 (formal motive-form)
구성되심 (formal noun-from-verb)
구성되시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
구성되셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
구성되셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
구성되신 (determiner formal past)
구성되시는 (determiner formal present)
구성되실 (determiner formal future)

구성(構成) (guseong, “configuration”) + 되다 (-doeda, “to become”, light verb deriving passive verbs).


소재

Sino-Korean word from 素材, from 素 (“basic”) + 材 (“ingredient”)

ko-etym-Sino

이 경우 편집저작물은 소재의 선택이나 배렬에서 창조성이 있어야 한다.

조선민주주의인민공화국 저작권법 (Copyright Act of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea), Article 11

In this case the edited [document] must exhibit originality in the selection or arrangement of content.

i gyeongu pyeonjipjeojangmur-eun sojae-ui seontaeg-ina baeryeor-eseo changjoseong-i isseoya handa.


종이

First attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 죠ᄒᆡ〮 (Yale: cyòhóy).

ko-etym-native

저는 종이에 사자를 그리고 있습니다. ― Jeoneun jong'ie sajareul geurigo itseumnida. ― I am painting a lion on a paper.


정당

[t͡ɕʌ̹ŋda̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 政黨, from 政 (“government affairs”) + 黨 (“group”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 政党(せいとう) (seitō).


공기

First attested in the Yeogeo yuhae (譯語類解 / 역어유해), 1690, as Early Modern Korean 공긔 (Yale: kwongkuy).

ko-etym-native

Gonggi, a Korean children's game similar to jacks.


스트레스

[sʰɯtʰɯɾe̞s͈ɯ]

회사에서 일을 너무 많이 하고 스트레스를 많이 받았어요.

I worked too much at the company and was under a lot of stress.

Hoesa-eseo ir-eul neomu mani hago seuteureseu-reul mani badasseoyo.


일주일

From 일 (一, il, “one”) + 주일 (週日, ju'il, “week”).


권리

Sino-Korean word from 權利, from 權 (“power”) + 利 (“benefit”)


주택

Sino-Korean word from 住宅, from 住 (“living”) + 宅 (“house”)


자원

Sino-Korean word from 資源, from 資 (“treasure”) + 源 (“source”)


춤

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 춤〮 (Yale: chwúm). Substantive form of 추다 (chuda, “to dance”).


고장

Sino-Korean word from 故障, from 故 (“reason”) + 障 (“obstruction”).

ko-etym-Sino

우리는 길가 쪽에 고장난 차가 있는 것을 목격하였다.

We saw a breakdown by the side of the road.

Uri-neun gilga jjog-e gojangnan cha-ga inneun geos-eul mokgyeokhayeotda.


농사

Sino-Korean word from 農事 (“agriculture”).


안정

Sino-Korean word from 安定, from 安 (“peace”) + 定 (“stability”)


부인

Sino-Korean word from 夫人, from 夫 (“husband”) + 人 (“person”)

ko-etym-sino

(historical) Lady (honorary title bestowed on ladies of the high aristocracy in the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties)


예산

Sino-Korean word from 豫算, from 豫 (“already”) + 算 (“counting”)


우려

Sino-Korean word from 憂慮, from 憂 (“anxiety”) + 慮 (“thinking”)


앞두다

ko-verb

앞두다 • (apduda) (infinitive 앞두어 or 앞둬, sequential 앞두니)

apduda (romanization)
앞두어 (infinitive)
앞둬 (infinitive)
앞두니 (sequential)
앞둔다 (formal indicative non-past)
앞두어 (indicative informal non-past)
앞두어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
앞둬요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
앞둡니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
앞두었다 (formal indicative past)
앞두었어 (indicative informal past)
앞두었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
앞두었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
앞두느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
앞두어 (informal interrogative non-past)
앞두어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
앞둬요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
앞둡니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
앞두었느냐 (formal interrogative past)
앞두었어 (informal interrogative past)
앞두었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
앞두었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
앞두자 (formal hortative)
앞두어 (hortative informal)
앞두어요 (hortative informal polite)
앞둬요 (hortative informal polite)
앞두십시다 (formal hortative polite)
앞두어라 (formal imperative)
앞둬라 (formal imperative)
앞두어 (imperative informal)
앞두어요 (imperative informal polite)
앞둬요 (imperative informal polite)
앞둡시오 (formal imperative polite)
앞두겠다 (assertive formal)
앞두겠어 (assertive informal)
앞두겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
앞두겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
앞두어 (causative formal)
앞두어서 (causative informal)
앞둬서 (causative informal)
앞두니 (causative informal polite)
앞두니까 (causative formal polite)
앞두지만 (contrastive formal)
앞두는데 (contrastive informal)
앞두더니 (contrastive informal polite)
앞두고 (conjunctive formal)
앞두면 (conditional formal)
앞두어야 (conditional informal)
앞둬야 (conditional informal)
앞두려고 (formal motive-form)
앞둠 (formal noun-from-verb)
앞두기 (informal noun-from-verb)
앞두었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
앞뒀음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
앞두었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
앞뒀기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
앞둔 (determiner formal past)
앞두는 (determiner formal present)
앞둘 (determiner formal future)
앞두신다 (formal indicative non-past)
앞두셔 (indicative informal non-past)
앞두세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
앞두셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
앞두십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
앞두셨다 (formal indicative past)
앞두셨어 (indicative informal past)
앞두셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
앞두셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
앞두시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
앞두셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
앞두세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
앞두셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
앞두십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
앞두셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
앞두셨어 (informal interrogative past)
앞두셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
앞두셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
앞두시라 (formal imperative)
앞두셔 (imperative informal)
앞두세요 (imperative informal polite)
앞두십시오 (formal imperative polite)
앞두시겠다 (assertive formal)
앞두시겠어 (assertive informal)
앞두시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
앞두시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
앞두셔 (causative formal)
앞두셔서 (causative informal)
앞두시니 (causative informal polite)
앞두시니까 (causative formal polite)
앞두시지만 (contrastive formal)
앞두시는데 (contrastive informal)
앞두시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
앞두시고 (conjunctive formal)
앞두시면 (conditional formal)
앞두셔야 (conditional informal)
앞두시려고 (formal motive-form)
앞두심 (formal noun-from-verb)
앞두시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
앞두셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
앞두셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
앞두신 (determiner formal past)
앞두시는 (determiner formal present)
앞두실 (determiner formal future)

From 앞 (ap, “ahead”) + 두다 (duda, “to put”).

To have lying ahead of one; to look toward


꾸미다

꾸미다 • (kkumida) (infinitive 꾸며 or 꾸미어, sequential 꾸미니)

kkumida (romanization)
꾸며 (infinitive)
꾸미어 (infinitive)
꾸미니 (sequential)
꾸민다 (formal indicative non-past)
꾸며 (indicative informal non-past)
꾸며요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸미어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸밉니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
꾸몄다 (formal indicative past)
꾸몄어 (indicative informal past)
꾸몄어요 (indicative informal past polite)
꾸몄습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
꾸미느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
꾸며 (informal interrogative non-past)
꾸며요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸밉니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸몄느냐 (formal interrogative past)
꾸몄어 (informal interrogative past)
꾸몄어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
꾸몄습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
꾸미자 (formal hortative)
꾸며 (hortative informal)
꾸며요 (hortative informal polite)
꾸미어요 (hortative informal polite)
꾸미십시다 (formal hortative polite)
꾸며라 (formal imperative)
꾸미어라 (formal imperative)
꾸며 (imperative informal)
꾸며요 (imperative informal polite)
꾸미어요 (imperative informal polite)
꾸밉시오 (formal imperative polite)
꾸미겠다 (assertive formal)
꾸미겠어 (assertive informal)
꾸미겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
꾸미겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
꾸며 (causative formal)
꾸며서 (causative informal)
꾸미어서 (causative informal)
꾸미니 (causative informal polite)
꾸미니까 (causative formal polite)
꾸미지만 (contrastive formal)
꾸미는데 (contrastive informal)
꾸미더니 (contrastive informal polite)
꾸미고 (conjunctive formal)
꾸미면 (conditional formal)
꾸며야 (conditional informal)
꾸미어야 (conditional informal)
꾸미려고 (formal motive-form)
꾸밈 (formal noun-from-verb)
꾸미기 (informal noun-from-verb)
꾸몄음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
꾸몄기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
꾸민 (determiner formal past)
꾸미는 (determiner formal present)
꾸밀 (determiner formal future)
꾸미신다 (formal indicative non-past)
꾸미셔 (indicative informal non-past)
꾸미세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸미셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
꾸미십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
꾸미셨다 (formal indicative past)
꾸미셨어 (indicative informal past)
꾸미셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
꾸미셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
꾸미시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
꾸미셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
꾸미세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
꾸미셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
꾸미셨어 (informal interrogative past)
꾸미셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
꾸미셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
꾸미시라 (formal imperative)
꾸미셔 (imperative informal)
꾸미세요 (imperative informal polite)
꾸미십시오 (formal imperative polite)
꾸미시겠다 (assertive formal)
꾸미시겠어 (assertive informal)
꾸미시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
꾸미시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
꾸미셔 (causative formal)
꾸미셔서 (causative informal)
꾸미시니 (causative informal polite)
꾸미시니까 (causative formal polite)
꾸미시지만 (contrastive formal)
꾸미시는데 (contrastive informal)
꾸미시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
꾸미시고 (conjunctive formal)
꾸미시면 (conditional formal)
꾸미셔야 (conditional informal)
꾸미시려고 (formal motive-form)
꾸미심 (formal noun-from-verb)
꾸미시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
꾸미셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
꾸미신 (determiner formal past)
꾸미시는 (determiner formal present)
꾸미실 (determiner formal future)

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄭᅮ〮미다〮 (Yale: skwúmìtá). Compare 꾸리다 (kkurida).


지난달

From 지난 (jinan, “past”) + 달 (dal, “month”).


힌디어

From English Hindi + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


NG

Initialism of English no good, perhaps via Japanese


책상

[t͡ɕʰɛks͈a̠ŋ]

[t͡ɕʰe̞ks͈a̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 冊床, from 冊 (“book”) + 床 (“bed”)


소득

Sino-Korean word from 所得, from 所 (“how much”) + 得 (“getting”)


상상

[ˈsʰa̠(ː)ŋsʰa̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 想像, from 想 (“idea”) + 像 (“shape”)


둘째

[ˈtu(ː)ʎt͡ɕ͈ɛ]

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 둘차히 (Yale: twulchahi), equivalent to 둘 (dul) + 째 (-jjae).

ko-etym-native

second, next after the first; the ordinal number for two


수도

Sino-Korean word from 水道, from 水 (“water”) + 道 (“road”).


수도

Sino-Korean word from 修道, from 修 (“cleaning”) + 道 (“way, Dao”).

(religion) asceticism, spiritual discipline


수도

Sino-Korean word from 水稻, from 水 (“water”) + 稻 (“rice plant”).

(agriculture) wet-field rice, rice planted underwater


침대

Sino-Korean word from 寢臺, from 寢 (“sleeping”) + 臺 (“platform”)


수요

Sino-Korean word from 需要, from 需 (“getting”) + 要 (“needing”)


구성하다

ko-verb

구성하다 • (guseonghada) (infinitive 구성해 or 구성하여, sequential 구성하니)

guseonghada (romanization)
구성해 (infinitive)
구성하여 (infinitive)
구성하니 (sequential)
구성한다 (formal indicative non-past)
구성해 (indicative informal non-past)
구성해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
구성합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
구성했다 (formal indicative past)
구성했어 (indicative informal past)
구성했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
구성했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
구성하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
구성해 (informal interrogative non-past)
구성해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
구성합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
구성했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
구성했어 (informal interrogative past)
구성했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
구성했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
구성하자 (formal hortative)
구성해 (hortative informal)
구성해요 (hortative informal polite)
구성하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
구성해라 (formal imperative)
구성하여라 (formal imperative)
구성해 (imperative informal)
구성해요 (imperative informal polite)
구성합시오 (formal imperative polite)
구성하겠다 (assertive formal)
구성하겠어 (assertive informal)
구성하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
구성하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
구성해 (causative formal)
구성해서 (causative informal)
구성하여서 (causative informal)
구성하니 (causative informal polite)
구성하니까 (causative formal polite)
구성하지만 (contrastive formal)
구성하는데 (contrastive informal)
구성하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
구성하고 (conjunctive formal)
구성하면 (conditional formal)
구성해야 (conditional informal)
구성하여야 (conditional informal)
구성하려고 (formal motive-form)
구성함 (formal noun-from-verb)
구성하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
구성했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
구성하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
구성했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
구성하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
구성한 (determiner formal past)
구성하는 (determiner formal present)
구성할 (determiner formal future)
구성하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
구성하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
구성하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
구성하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
구성하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
구성하셨다 (formal indicative past)
구성하셨어 (indicative informal past)
구성하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
구성하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
구성하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
구성하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
구성하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
구성하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
구성하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
구성하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
구성하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
구성하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
구성하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
구성하시라 (formal imperative)
구성하셔 (imperative informal)
구성하세요 (imperative informal polite)
구성하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
구성하시겠다 (assertive formal)
구성하시겠어 (assertive informal)
구성하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
구성하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
구성하셔 (causative formal)
구성하셔서 (causative informal)
구성하시니 (causative informal polite)
구성하시니까 (causative formal polite)
구성하시지만 (contrastive formal)
구성하시는데 (contrastive informal)
구성하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
구성하시고 (conjunctive formal)
구성하시면 (conditional formal)
구성하셔야 (conditional informal)
구성하시려고 (formal motive-form)
구성하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
구성하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
구성하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
구성하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
구성하신 (determiner formal past)
구성하시는 (determiner formal present)
구성하실 (determiner formal future)

구성(構成) (guseong) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).


위원장

[ɥiwʌ̹ɲd͡ʑa̠ŋ]

[ywʌ̹ɲd͡ʑa̠ŋ]

From 위원 (委員, wiwon, “committee”) + 장 (長, jang, “head”).

The chairman or chairwoman of a committee.


스포츠

[sʰɯpʰo̞t͡ɕʰɯ]


교회

Sino-Korean word from 敎會, from 敎 (“teaching”) + 會 (“meeting”)


한때

미네소타는 한때, 주로 원재료 생산지였으나 미네소타의 경제는 최근 200(이백)년 동안 완제품과 서비스업을 강조하는 쪽으로 변모하였다.
minesotaneun hanttae, juro wonjaeryo saengsanjiyeosseuna minesotaui gyeongjeneun choegeun 200(ibaek)nyeon dong'an wanjepumgwa seobiseueobeul gangjohaneun jjogeuro byeonmohayeotda.
Once primarily a producer of raw materials, Minnesota's economy has transformed in the last 200 years to emphasize finished products and services.


과학자

Sino-Korean word from 科學者, from 科學 (“science”) + 者 (“-ist”).


예술가

Sino-Korean word from 藝術家, from 藝術 (“art”) + 家 (“expert”).


고객

Sino-Korean word from 顧客, from 顧 (“looking after”) + 客 (“guest”)

ko-etym-Sino

gogaekjiwon( 顧客 支援)

gogaeksangdamsil( 顧客 相談室)

고객상담실(顧客相談室)


의도

Sino-Korean word from 意圖, from 意 (“meaning”) + 圖 (“planning”)

정말이지 간섭할 의도가 아니었어, 마릴라.
jeongmariji ganseophal uidoga anieosseo, marilla.
Truly, I didn't mean to meddle, Marilla.
jeongmariji ganseophal uidoga anieosseo, marilla.

1908, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables/Chapter XIV

Truly, I didn t mean to meddle, Marilla.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

jeongmariji ganseophal uido ga anieosseo, marilla.


식품

Sino-Korean word from 食品, from 食 (“food”) + 品 (“article”)


수술

Sino-Korean word from 手術, from 手 (“hand”) + 術 (“art, craft, technique”)


관광

Sino-Korean word from 觀光, from 觀 (“seeing”) + 光 (“scenery”)


목젖

[mo̞k̚t͡ɕ͈ʌ̹t̚]

First attested in the Gugeupganibang eonhae (救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해), 1489, as Middle Korean 목졎 (Yale: mwokcyech).

ko-etym-native

(anatomy) uvula (appendage that hangs from the palate)


상대적

[sʰa̠ŋdɛd͡ʑʌ̹k̚]

[sʰa̠ŋde̞d͡ʑʌ̹k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 相對 (“companion”) + 的.


죄

Sino-Korean word from 罪 (“fault”), from the Middle Korean reading 죄〯 (Yale: cwǒy).

the hanja entry at 罪 for Sino-Korean compounds of 죄


사무실

Sino-Korean word from 事務室, from 事 (“work”) + 務 (“duties”) + 室 (“room”)


진리

Sino-Korean word from 眞理, from 眞 (“true”) + 理 (“principle”)


공급

[ˈko̞(ː)ŋɡɯp̚]

Sino-Korean word from 供給, from 供 (“contributing”) + 給 (“giving”)

그녀는 "중국은 세계 인구의 20퍼센트를 가진 나라로, 깨끗한 물은 세계의 7퍼센트 밖에는 가지지 못하여, 항상 깨끗한 물의 공급 문제를 안고 있다."고 말했다.

She said, “China has always had a freshwater supply problem with 20 percent of the world’s population but only 7 percent of its freshwater.

geunyeoneun junggugeun segye in'guui 20peosenteureul gajin nararo, kkaekkeuthan mureun segyeui 7peosenteu bakkeneun gajiji mothayeo, hangsang kkaekkeuthan murui gonggeup munjereul an'go itda.go malhaetda.


습관

Sino-Korean word from 習慣, from 習 (“habit”) + 慣 (“habit”)

습관을 들이다

사용 습관

물 마시는 습관이 건강을 좌우해요.

The habit of drinking water decides your health.

Mul masineun seupgwani geon'gang'eul jwauhaeyo.


더하다

ko-verb

더하다 • (deohada) (infinitive 더해 or 더하여, sequential 더하니)

deohada (romanization)
더해 (infinitive)
더하여 (infinitive)
더하니 (sequential)
더한다 (formal indicative non-past)
더해 (indicative informal non-past)
더해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
더합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
더했다 (formal indicative past)
더했어 (indicative informal past)
더했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
더했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
더하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
더해 (informal interrogative non-past)
더해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
더합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
더했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
더했어 (informal interrogative past)
더했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
더했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
더하자 (formal hortative)
더해 (hortative informal)
더해요 (hortative informal polite)
더하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
더해라 (formal imperative)
더하여라 (formal imperative)
더해 (imperative informal)
더해요 (imperative informal polite)
더합시오 (formal imperative polite)
더하겠다 (assertive formal)
더하겠어 (assertive informal)
더하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
더하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
더해 (causative formal)
더해서 (causative informal)
더하여서 (causative informal)
더하니 (causative informal polite)
더하니까 (causative formal polite)
더하지만 (contrastive formal)
더하는데 (contrastive informal)
더하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
더하고 (conjunctive formal)
더하면 (conditional formal)
더해야 (conditional informal)
더하여야 (conditional informal)
더하려고 (formal motive-form)
더함 (formal noun-from-verb)
더하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
더했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
더하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
더했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
더하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
더한 (determiner formal past)
더하는 (determiner formal present)
더할 (determiner formal future)
더하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
더하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
더하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
더하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
더하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
더하셨다 (formal indicative past)
더하셨어 (indicative informal past)
더하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
더하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
더하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
더하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
더하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
더하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
더하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
더하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
더하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
더하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
더하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
더하시라 (formal imperative)
더하셔 (imperative informal)
더하세요 (imperative informal polite)
더하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
더하시겠다 (assertive formal)
더하시겠어 (assertive informal)
더하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
더하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
더하셔 (causative formal)
더하셔서 (causative informal)
더하시니 (causative informal polite)
더하시니까 (causative formal polite)
더하시지만 (contrastive formal)
더하시는데 (contrastive informal)
더하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
더하시고 (conjunctive formal)
더하시면 (conditional formal)
더하셔야 (conditional informal)
더하시려고 (formal motive-form)
더하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
더하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
더하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
더하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
더하신 (determiner formal past)
더하시는 (determiner formal present)
더하실 (determiner formal future)

First attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 더ᄒᆞ다 (Yale: te-hota). Univerbation of 더 (deo, “more”) + 하다 (hada, “to do”).


접근

[t͡ɕʌ̹p̚k͈ɯn]

Sino-Korean word from 接近, from 接 (“receiving”) + 近 (“close”)


고민

Sino-Korean word from 苦悶, from 苦 (“troubling”) + 悶 (“anguish”).

ko-etym-sino

내면의 고민


연기

Sino-Korean word from 演技, from 演 (“acting”) + 技 (“talent”).

메소드 연기

훌륭한 배우는 연기를 하고 있다는 것조차 잊어야 한다.

A good actor must forget the very fact that they are acting.

Hullyunghan bae'u-neun yeon'gi-reul hago itdaneun geotjocha ijeoya handa.

연기파(演技派)

actors who succeed because of acting talent


연기

Sino-Korean word from 延期, from 延 (“prolong”) + 期 (“time”).

코로나19 사태로 인하여 졸업식 연기는 불가피하게 되었습니다.

Due to the COVID-19 crisis, postponement of the graduation ceremony has become inescapable.

Korona19 satae-ro inhayeo joreopsik yeon'gi-neun bulgapihage doeeotseumnida.

일정을 연기하게 된 점 양해를 부탁드립니다.

We ask your pardon for the postponement of the events.

Iljeong-eul yeon'gihage doen jeom yanghae-reul butakdeurimnida.


연기

Sino-Korean word from 緣起, from 緣 (“dependent”) + 起 (“arising”).

석존 출가의 과제였던 중생고(衆生苦) 생사고(生死苦)가 연기에 의한 것[…]
Seokjon chulga-ui gwaje-yeotdeon jungsaenggo saengsagoga yeon'gi-e uihan geot[…]

2009, 해주스님 [haejuseunim], “연기(緣起)의 법칙 [yeon'giui beopchik]”, in Bulkwang Media

[…] that the question for which the Shakyamuni [Buddha] carried out his renunciation, the suffering of the sentient beings and the suffering of the living and the dying, is caused by dependent origination.

(Buddhism) easy preaching that laymen can understand

(Buddhism) a folktale about how a Buddhist temple was founded


연기

Sino-Korean word from 連 (“connect”) + 棋 (“game of Go”).

3대3 연기(連棋)로 열린 2국서도[…]
sam-dae-sam yeon'gi-ro yeollin i-guk-seo-do […]

2016, “연세대, 서울대 꺾고 대학바둑 정상 복귀 [yeonsedae, seouldae kkeokgo daehakbaduk jeongsang bokgwi, Yonsei University defeats Seoul, returns to top place in university Go]”, in Chosun Ilbo

even in the second round, a multiplayer game pitting three against three […]

(game of go) a multiplayer game of Go, with teams playing each side; team members take turns and are not allowed to consult each other

상담기(相談棋)

multiplayer game of Go that allows advice from team members


연기

Sino-Korean word from 燕 (“swallow”) + 岐 (“path”).

(~군(郡)) A former county of South Korea, annexed into Sejong City in 2012.

(~면(面)) A township of Sejong City.
A township of Sejong City.


가꾸다

ko-verb

가꾸다 • (gakkuda) (infinitive 가꾸어 or 가꿔, sequential 가꾸니)

gakkuda (romanization)
가꾸어 (infinitive)
가꿔 (infinitive)
가꾸니 (sequential)
가꾼다 (formal indicative non-past)
가꾸어 (indicative informal non-past)
가꾸어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
가꿔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
가꿉니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
가꾸었다 (formal indicative past)
가꾸었어 (indicative informal past)
가꾸었어요 (indicative informal past polite)
가꾸었습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
가꾸느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
가꾸어 (informal interrogative non-past)
가꾸어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
가꿔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
가꿉니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
가꾸었느냐 (formal interrogative past)
가꾸었어 (informal interrogative past)
가꾸었어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
가꾸었습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
가꾸자 (formal hortative)
가꾸어 (hortative informal)
가꾸어요 (hortative informal polite)
가꿔요 (hortative informal polite)
가꾸십시다 (formal hortative polite)
가꾸어라 (formal imperative)
가꿔라 (formal imperative)
가꾸어 (imperative informal)
가꾸어요 (imperative informal polite)
가꿔요 (imperative informal polite)
가꿉시오 (formal imperative polite)
가꾸겠다 (assertive formal)
가꾸겠어 (assertive informal)
가꾸겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
가꾸겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
가꾸어 (causative formal)
가꾸어서 (causative informal)
가꿔서 (causative informal)
가꾸니 (causative informal polite)
가꾸니까 (causative formal polite)
가꾸지만 (contrastive formal)
가꾸는데 (contrastive informal)
가꾸더니 (contrastive informal polite)
가꾸고 (conjunctive formal)
가꾸면 (conditional formal)
가꾸어야 (conditional informal)
가꿔야 (conditional informal)
가꾸려고 (formal motive-form)
가꿈 (formal noun-from-verb)
가꾸기 (informal noun-from-verb)
가꾸었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
가꿨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
가꾸었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
가꿨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
가꾼 (determiner formal past)
가꾸는 (determiner formal present)
가꿀 (determiner formal future)
가꾸신다 (formal indicative non-past)
가꾸셔 (indicative informal non-past)
가꾸세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
가꾸셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
가꾸십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
가꾸셨다 (formal indicative past)
가꾸셨어 (indicative informal past)
가꾸셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
가꾸셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
가꾸시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
가꾸셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
가꾸세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
가꾸셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
가꾸십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
가꾸셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
가꾸셨어 (informal interrogative past)
가꾸셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
가꾸셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
가꾸시라 (formal imperative)
가꾸셔 (imperative informal)
가꾸세요 (imperative informal polite)
가꾸십시오 (formal imperative polite)
가꾸시겠다 (assertive formal)
가꾸시겠어 (assertive informal)
가꾸시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
가꾸시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
가꾸셔 (causative formal)
가꾸셔서 (causative informal)
가꾸시니 (causative informal polite)
가꾸시니까 (causative formal polite)
가꾸시지만 (contrastive formal)
가꾸시는데 (contrastive informal)
가꾸시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
가꾸시고 (conjunctive formal)
가꾸시면 (conditional formal)
가꾸셔야 (conditional informal)
가꾸시려고 (formal motive-form)
가꾸심 (formal noun-from-verb)
가꾸시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
가꾸셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
가꾸셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
가꾸신 (determiner formal past)
가꾸시는 (determiner formal present)
가꾸실 (determiner formal future)

First attested in the Gyechuk ilgi (癸丑日記 / 계축일기), c. 1600 , as Early Modern Korean 갓고다 (Yale: kaskwota).


활용하다

ko-verb

활용하다 • (hwaryonghada) (infinitive 활용해 or 활용하여, sequential 활용하니)

hwaryonghada (romanization)
활용해 (infinitive)
활용하여 (infinitive)
활용하니 (sequential)
활용한다 (formal indicative non-past)
활용해 (indicative informal non-past)
활용해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
활용합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
활용했다 (formal indicative past)
활용했어 (indicative informal past)
활용했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
활용했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
활용하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
활용해 (informal interrogative non-past)
활용해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
활용합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
활용했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
활용했어 (informal interrogative past)
활용했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
활용했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
활용하자 (formal hortative)
활용해 (hortative informal)
활용해요 (hortative informal polite)
활용하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
활용해라 (formal imperative)
활용하여라 (formal imperative)
활용해 (imperative informal)
활용해요 (imperative informal polite)
활용합시오 (formal imperative polite)
활용하겠다 (assertive formal)
활용하겠어 (assertive informal)
활용하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
활용하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
활용해 (causative formal)
활용해서 (causative informal)
활용하여서 (causative informal)
활용하니 (causative informal polite)
활용하니까 (causative formal polite)
활용하지만 (contrastive formal)
활용하는데 (contrastive informal)
활용하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
활용하고 (conjunctive formal)
활용하면 (conditional formal)
활용해야 (conditional informal)
활용하여야 (conditional informal)
활용하려고 (formal motive-form)
활용함 (formal noun-from-verb)
활용하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
활용했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
활용하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
활용했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
활용하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
활용한 (determiner formal past)
활용하는 (determiner formal present)
활용할 (determiner formal future)
활용하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
활용하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
활용하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
활용하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
활용하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
활용하셨다 (formal indicative past)
활용하셨어 (indicative informal past)
활용하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
활용하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
활용하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
활용하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
활용하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
활용하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
활용하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
활용하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
활용하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
활용하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
활용하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
활용하시라 (formal imperative)
활용하셔 (imperative informal)
활용하세요 (imperative informal polite)
활용하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
활용하시겠다 (assertive formal)
활용하시겠어 (assertive informal)
활용하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
활용하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
활용하셔 (causative formal)
활용하셔서 (causative informal)
활용하시니 (causative informal polite)
활용하시니까 (causative formal polite)
활용하시지만 (contrastive formal)
활용하시는데 (contrastive informal)
활용하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
활용하시고 (conjunctive formal)
활용하시면 (conditional formal)
활용하셔야 (conditional informal)
활용하시려고 (formal motive-form)
활용하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
활용하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
활용하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
활용하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
활용하신 (determiner formal past)
활용하시는 (determiner formal present)
활용하실 (determiner formal future)

활용(活用) (hwaryong) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).


지하철

[t͡ɕiɦa̠t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭ]

Sino-Korean word from 地下鐵, from 地 (“ground”) + 下 (“below”) + 鐵 (“iron”).

ko-etym-Sino

지옥철

very crowded subway line or rolling stock


법률

Sino-Korean word from 法律, from 法 (“legal”) + 律 (“legal”)


화면

Sino-Korean word from 畫面, from 畫 (“picture”) + 面 (“face”)


주부

Sino-Korean word from 主婦, from 主 (“chief”) + 婦 (“wife”)


주부

Sino-Korean word from 主 (“chief”) + 部 (“division”)


총장

[ˈt͡ɕʰo̞(ː)ŋd͡ʑa̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 總長, from 總 (“total”) + 長 (“chief”)


현

Sino-Korean word from 弦/絃 (弦 / 絃, “string”).

ko-etym-sino

the hanja entry at 弦 for Sino-Korean compounds of 현

the hanja entry at 絃 for Sino-Korean compounds of 현


관객

Sino-Korean word from 觀客, from 觀 (“watching”) + 客 (“guest”)


중세

Sino-Korean word from 中世, from 中 (“middle”) + 世 (“era”)


예전

Possibly from 예 (ye, “old”) + 전 (前, jeon, “before”).

the old days, the old times, the past, long ago


꼬리

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄭᅩ리〮 (Yale: skwòlí).

ko-etym-native

꼬리 치다

to wag the tail; to flirt with inappropriately


양식

Sino-Korean word from 糧食, from 糧 (“foodstuff”) + 食 (“food”)


상표

Sino-Korean word from 商標, from 商 (“trade”) + 標 (“mark”)


전기

Sino-Korean word from 電氣, from 電 (“lightning”) + 氣 (“phenomenon”).


주식

Sino-Korean word from 酒食, from 酒 (“drink”) + 食 (“food”).


민주화

Sino-Korean word from 民主化, from 民主 (“democracy”) + 化 (“-ation”).


고모

Sino-Korean word from 姑母, from 姑 (“aunt”) + 母 (“mother”).


공무원

Sino-Korean word from 公務員, from 公務 (“official business”) + 員 (“personnel”).


잡지

japji (romanization)
권 (counter)
雜誌 (hanja)

[t͡ɕa̠p̚t͡ɕ͈i]

Sino-Korean word from 雜誌, from 雜 (“mixed; miscellaneous”) + 誌 (“record”), from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 雑誌 (zasshi).

그들은 잡지를 읽고 있다.


학자

Sino-Korean word from 學者, from 學 (“learning”) + 者 (“person”)

A scholar; a person of learning, especially in a particular field.


법원

Sino-Korean word from 法院, from 法 (“law”) + 院 (“house”)


식량

Sino-Korean word from 食糧, from 食 (“food”) + 糧 (“provisions; grain”)


화장실

[ɸwa̠d͡ʑa̠ŋɕʰiɭ]

Sino-Korean word from 化粧室, from 化粧 (“cosmetics”) + 室 (“room”).

여자 화장실은 어디에 있나요?

이 남자를 남자 화장실로 바래다주세요.

Please escort this gentleman to the gentleman's room.

i namjareul namja hwajangsillo baraedajuseyo.


용기

Sino-Korean word from 容器, from 容 (“putting in”) + 器 (“dish”)


지대

(Buddhism) travel bag or sack carried by monks


지대

Sino-Korean word from 址 (“place”) + 臺 (“foundation”).

ko-etym-sino

(architecture) part of a building supporting the foundation


지대

Sino-Korean word from 支隊 (“military detachment”).


지대

Sino-Korean word from 肢 (“limb”) + 帶 (“belt”).

(anatomy) girdle (such as the pelvic girdle, pectoral girdle


지대

Sino-Korean word from 支 (“support”) + 臺 (“tower”).


지대

Sino-Korean word from 持 (“support”) + 帶 (“belt”)


지도

Sino-Korean word from 指導, from 指 (“pointing”) + 導 (“leading”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 指導(しどう) (shidō)


핵

the hanja entry at 核 for Sino-Korean compounds of 핵

core of planets or other celestial bodies:

(chemistry) ring, such as a benzene ring


제사

Sino-Korean word from 祭祀, from 祭 (“sacrifice”) + 祀 (“sacrifice”)

sacrificial rites in honor of an ancestor or god.


수석

Sino-Korean word from 首席, from 首 (“chief”) + 席 (“seat”)


공격

→ Japanese: コンギョ

zh-l

空優／空优 (kōngyōu)

→ Chinese: (semantic loan) 空優／空优 (kōngyōu)

[ˈko̞(ː)ŋɡjʌ̹k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 攻擊, from 攻 (“striking”) + 擊 (“hitting”)


근로자

[ˈkɯ(ː)ɭɭo̞d͡ʑa̠]

Sino-Korean word from 勤勞 (“labour”) + 者 (“-er”).


결정되다

ko-verb

결정되다 • (gyeoljeongdoeda) (infinitive 결정돼 or 결정되어, sequential 결정되니)

gyeoljeongdoeda (romanization)
결정돼 (infinitive)
결정되어 (infinitive)
결정되니 (sequential)
결정된다 (formal indicative non-past)
결정돼 (indicative informal non-past)
결정돼요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
결정되어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
결정됩니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
결정됐다 (formal indicative past)
결정됐어 (indicative informal past)
결정됐어요 (indicative informal past polite)
결정됐습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
결정되느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
결정돼 (informal interrogative non-past)
결정돼요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
결정되어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
결정됩니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
결정됐느냐 (formal interrogative past)
결정됐어 (informal interrogative past)
결정됐어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
결정됐습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
결정되자 (formal hortative)
결정돼 (hortative informal)
결정돼요 (hortative informal polite)
결정되어요 (hortative informal polite)
결정되십시다 (formal hortative polite)
결정돼라 (formal imperative)
결정되어라 (formal imperative)
결정돼 (imperative informal)
결정돼요 (imperative informal polite)
결정되어요 (imperative informal polite)
결정됩시오 (formal imperative polite)
결정되겠다 (assertive formal)
결정되겠어 (assertive informal)
결정되겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
결정되겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
결정돼 (causative formal)
결정돼서 (causative informal)
결정되어서 (causative informal)
결정되니 (causative informal polite)
결정되니까 (causative formal polite)
결정되지만 (contrastive formal)
결정되는데 (contrastive informal)
결정되더니 (contrastive informal polite)
결정되고 (conjunctive formal)
결정되면 (conditional formal)
결정돼야 (conditional informal)
결정되어야 (conditional informal)
결정되려고 (formal motive-form)
결정됨 (formal noun-from-verb)
결정되기 (informal noun-from-verb)
결정됐음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
결정되었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
결정됐기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
결정되었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
결정된 (determiner formal past)
결정되는 (determiner formal present)
결정될 (determiner formal future)
결정되신다 (formal indicative non-past)
결정되셔 (indicative informal non-past)
결정되세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
결정되셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
결정되십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
결정되셨다 (formal indicative past)
결정되셨어 (indicative informal past)
결정되셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
결정되셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
결정되시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
결정되셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
결정되세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
결정되셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
결정되십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
결정되셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
결정되셨어 (informal interrogative past)
결정되셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
결정되셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
결정되시라 (formal imperative)
결정되셔 (imperative informal)
결정되세요 (imperative informal polite)
결정되십시오 (formal imperative polite)
결정되시겠다 (assertive formal)
결정되시겠어 (assertive informal)
결정되시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
결정되시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
결정되셔 (causative formal)
결정되셔서 (causative informal)
결정되시니 (causative informal polite)
결정되시니까 (causative formal polite)
결정되시지만 (contrastive formal)
결정되시는데 (contrastive informal)
결정되시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
결정되시고 (conjunctive formal)
결정되시면 (conditional formal)
결정되셔야 (conditional informal)
결정되시려고 (formal motive-form)
결정되심 (formal noun-from-verb)
결정되시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
결정되셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
결정되셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
결정되신 (determiner formal past)
결정되시는 (determiner formal present)
결정되실 (determiner formal future)

결정(結晶) (gyeoljeong, “crystal”) + 되다 (-doeda, “to become”, light verb deriving passive verbs).

af

[kjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈ʌ̹ŋdwe̞da̠]

[kjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈ʌ̹ŋdø̞da̠]


이사

Sino-Korean word from 理事, from 理 (“ruling”) + 事 (“working”)


주석

[t͡ɕusʰʌ̹k̚]


주석

[t͡ɕusʰʌ̹k̚]


심장

[ɕʰimd͡ʑa̠ŋ]


토대

Sino-Korean word from 土 (“ground”) + 臺 (“height”)


青春

Alternative form of 靑春 (“youth; adolescence”)


블라우스

[pɯɭɭa̠us͈ɯ]

blouse (an outer garment, usually loose, that is similar to a shirt)


내년

Sino-Korean word from 來年, from 來 (“coming”) + 年 (“year”)


대학생

[ˈtɛ(ː)ɦa̠ks͈ɛŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 大學生, from 大 (“great”) + 學 (“school”) + 生 (“person”)


여론

Sino-Korean word from 輿論, from 輿 (“many”) + 論 (“talking”)


닭쌈

Contraction of 닭싸움 (dakssaum, “chicken fight”).

닭싸움, a popular children's game in which the players hop on one leg and try to knock each other over.


닭쌈

From 닭 (dak, “chicken”) + 쌈 (ssam, “wrapping”).

A dish in which strips of chicken are served, dipped in sauce, garnished with vegetables, and eaten wrapped in lettuce or perilla leaves (‘sesame leaves’).


체조

[t͡ɕʰe̞d͡ʑo̞]

Sino-Korean word from 體操, from 體 (“body”) + 操 (“control”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 体操(たいそう) (taisō).


미하일

Михаи́л Михаил#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Михаи́л (Mixaíl), Mikhail.


페레스트로이카

[pʰe̞ɾe̞sʰɯtʰɯɾo̞ikʰa̠]

From Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka).

bor

перестро́йка


연구소

From 연구 (硏究, yeon'gu, “research”) + -소 (所, -so, “place”).

왕 씨와 그의 팀이 머무르는 연구소는 인구 백이십(120)만명이 사는 도시 리장의 외곽에 있다.
wang ssiwa geuui timi meomureuneun yeon'gusoneun in'gu baegisip(120)manmyeong'i saneun dosi rijang'ui oegwage itda.
The research station that houses Wang and his team is outside Lijiang, a city of about 1.2 million people.


압력

Sino-Korean word from 壓力, from 壓 (“pressing”) + 力 (“force”)


방송국

From 방송 (放送, bangsong, “broadcast”) + 국 (局, guk, “station”).


가가우스어

[ka̠ɡa̠usʰɯʌ̹]

가가우스 (gagauseu, “Gagauz”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


가정법

[ˈka̠(ː)d͡ʑʌ̹ŋp͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 假定 (“assumption”) + 法 (“mood”), with compound/genitive tensing applied


가공

Sino-Korean word from 加工, from 加 (“adding”) + 工 (“work”)


가계

Sino-Korean word from 家 (“household”) + 計 (“calculating”)


전골

[ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)nɡo̞ɭ]

jeongol, a spicy Korean stew containing seafood, vegetables, and sometimes also other ingredients


만두

→ English: mandu

Sino-Korean word from 饅頭 (“a form of dumpling in Korean cuisine”)

ko-etym-sino

mandu, a form of dumpling in Korean cuisine


미역

First attested in the Gugeupganibang eonhae (救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해), 1489, as Middle Korean 머육〮 (Yale: mèywúk).


흰쌀

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄒᆡᆫᄡᆞᆯ (Yale: hoyn.psol). From 흰 (huin, “white”), adnominal form of 희다 (huida), + 쌀 (ssal, “rice”).

uncooked white rice; rice which has been polished


히읗

hieut - the name of the fourteenth and the last jamo, ㅎ (h) in hangeul.


히브리어

히브리 (hibeuri, “Hebrew”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


가마치

From 가마 (gama, “traditional rice cooker”) + -치 (-chi, “stuff”).

(North Korea, Yanbian, Koryo-mar) scorched rice, prepared by scraping from the bottom of the rice cooker, mixing with water, and re-cooking.


가로막

From 가로 (garo, “across”) + 막 (膜, mak, “membrane”).


가면극

Sino-Korean word from 假面劇, from 假面 (“mask”) + 劇 (“performance”)

ko-etym-Sino

(drama) masque; any performance conducted in masks


가설법

[ˈka̠(ː)sʰʌ̹ɭp͈ʌ̹p̚]

Sino-Korean word from 假說 (“hypothesis”) + 法 (“grammatical mood”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.


가슴뼈

From 가슴 (gaseum, “breast”) + 뼈 (ppyeo, “bone”).
First attested in the Magyeong chojip eonhae (馬經抄集諺解 / 마경초집언해), 16th century, as Early Modern Korean 가ᄉᆞᆷᄲᅧ (Yale: kasom.spye).


가명

Sino-Korean word from 假名, from 假 (“false”) + 名 (“name”)

ko-etym-Sino

(rare, linguistics) kana, the Japanese syllabary


가새

Corresponding to Middle Korean ᄀᆞᇫ애〮 (Yale: kòzGáy, “scissors”), but descending from an unattested form which did not undergo the */s/ > /z/ shift. See Korean 가위 (gawi) for more.


가시아버지

From 가시 (gasi, “wife”) + 아버지 (abeoji, “father”).


가무이야기

From 가무(歌舞) (gamu, “song and dance”) + 이야기 (iyagi, “tale”).


가톨릭

(religion, Christianity) Catholicism; the Catholic Church


가시집

From 가시- (gasi-, “uxorial”) + 집 (jip, “house”).


가산

Sino-Korean word from 加算, from 加 (“adding”) + 算 (“calculation”)


가시어머니

From 가시 (gasi, “wife's”) + 어머니 (eomeoni, “mother”).

mother-in-law for a man, i.e. wife's mother


간성

Sino-Korean word from 干 (“shield”) + 城 (“fortress”)


가위바위보

가위 (gawi, “scissors”) + 바위 (bawi, “rock”) + 보(褓) (bo, “wrapping cloth”).


간질

Sino-Korean word from 癎 (“epilepsy”) + 疾 (“disease”)


간접화법

ganjeophwabeop (romanization)
間接話法 (hanja)

[ka̠ɲd͡ʑʌ̹pʰwa̠bʌ̹p̚]

From 간접 (間接, ganjeop, “indirectness”) + 화법 (話法, hwabeop, “narration”).


각하

Sino-Korean word from 閣下, from 閣 (“palace”) + 下 (“below”)

각하, 이따위 버러지 같은 놈을 데리고 정치하니, 정치가 올바른 되겠습니까?

2005, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation, 5th Republic, episode 1, spoken by Kim Jae-gyu (Kim Hyung-il)

Mr. President (Park Chung-hee), how can you stay upright in politics when staying with such a piece of shit (Cha Ji-cheol)?

gakha, ittawi beoreoji gateun nom-eul derigo jeongchihani, jeongchi-ga olbareun doe-get-seumnikka?


간지

Sino-Korean word from 干支, from 干 (“stems”) + 支 (“branches”)

(historical) The sexagenary cycle used in East Asian astrology.


간신

Sino-Korean word from 奸臣, from 奸 (“evil”) + 臣 (“vassal”)


간호원

Sino-Korean word from 看護 (“nursing”) + 員 (“personnel”).

ko-etym-sino

(North Korea, dated in South Korea) nurse


간체

Sino-Korean word from 杆 (“rod”) + 體 (“body”)

ko-etym-Sino

[ka̠ɲt͡ɕʰe̞]


가사

Sino-Korean word from 歌詞, from 歌 (“song”) + 詞 (“words”).


가사

Sino-Korean word from 假死, from 假 (“fake, forged, artificial”) + 死 (“death”).


간추리다

ko-verb

간추리다 • (ganchurida) (infinitive 간추려 or 간추리어, sequential 간추리니)

ganchurida (romanization)
간추려 (infinitive)
간추리어 (infinitive)
간추리니 (sequential)
간추린다 (formal indicative non-past)
간추려 (indicative informal non-past)
간추려요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
간추리어요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
간추립니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
간추렸다 (formal indicative past)
간추렸어 (indicative informal past)
간추렸어요 (indicative informal past polite)
간추렸습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
간추리느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
간추려 (informal interrogative non-past)
간추려요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
간추리어요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
간추립니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
간추렸느냐 (formal interrogative past)
간추렸어 (informal interrogative past)
간추렸어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
간추렸습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
간추리자 (formal hortative)
간추려 (hortative informal)
간추려요 (hortative informal polite)
간추리어요 (hortative informal polite)
간추리십시다 (formal hortative polite)
간추려라 (formal imperative)
간추리어라 (formal imperative)
간추려 (imperative informal)
간추려요 (imperative informal polite)
간추리어요 (imperative informal polite)
간추립시오 (formal imperative polite)
간추리겠다 (assertive formal)
간추리겠어 (assertive informal)
간추리겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
간추리겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
간추려 (causative formal)
간추려서 (causative informal)
간추리어서 (causative informal)
간추리니 (causative informal polite)
간추리니까 (causative formal polite)
간추리지만 (contrastive formal)
간추리는데 (contrastive informal)
간추리더니 (contrastive informal polite)
간추리고 (conjunctive formal)
간추리면 (conditional formal)
간추려야 (conditional informal)
간추리어야 (conditional informal)
간추리려고 (formal motive-form)
간추림 (formal noun-from-verb)
간추리기 (informal noun-from-verb)
간추렸음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
간추리었음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
간추렸기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
간추리었기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
간추린 (determiner formal past)
간추리는 (determiner formal present)
간추릴 (determiner formal future)
간추리신다 (formal indicative non-past)
간추리셔 (indicative informal non-past)
간추리세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
간추리셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
간추리십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
간추리셨다 (formal indicative past)
간추리셨어 (indicative informal past)
간추리셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
간추리셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
간추리시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
간추리셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
간추리세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
간추리셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
간추리십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
간추리셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
간추리셨어 (informal interrogative past)
간추리셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
간추리셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
간추리시라 (formal imperative)
간추리셔 (imperative informal)
간추리세요 (imperative informal polite)
간추리십시오 (formal imperative polite)
간추리시겠다 (assertive formal)
간추리시겠어 (assertive informal)
간추리시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
간추리시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
간추리셔 (causative formal)
간추리셔서 (causative informal)
간추리시니 (causative informal polite)
간추리시니까 (causative formal polite)
간추리시지만 (contrastive formal)
간추리시는데 (contrastive informal)
간추리시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
간추리시고 (conjunctive formal)
간추리시면 (conditional formal)
간추리셔야 (conditional informal)
간추리시려고 (formal motive-form)
간추리심 (formal noun-from-verb)
간추리시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
간추리셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
간추리셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
간추리신 (determiner formal past)
간추리시는 (determiner formal present)
간추리실 (determiner formal future)


갈보

Of native Korean origin. 갈— (gal-, “unknown”) + —보 (-bo, “a suffix to add the meaning of a person with a characteristic of such conduct”).


갈비뼈

From 갈비 (galbi, “ribs”) + 뼈 (ppyeo, “bone”).


감리교

From 감리 (監理, gamni, “supervision”) + -교 (敎, -gyo, “religion”).


갈토

From 갈 (gal-, “going”) + 토(土) (to, “Saturday”). Saturday classes were abolished in 2011.

Coordinate term: 놀토 (nolto, “a Saturday on which school classes are not held”)

(education, historical) a Saturday on which school classes are held


감동사

From 감동 (感動, gamdong, “emotion”) + -사 (詞, -sa, “part of speech”).


강정

[ka̠ŋd͡ʑʌ̹ŋ]

gangjeong (a hard cookie made from glutinous rice and deep-fried in oil)


갑작변이

From 갑작 (gapjak, “suddenly”) + 변이(變異) (byeoni, “change”).


개가하다

ko-verb

개가하다 • (gaegahada) (infinitive 개가해 or 개가하여, sequential 개가하니)

gaegahada (romanization)
개가해 (infinitive)
개가하여 (infinitive)
개가하니 (sequential)
개가한다 (formal indicative non-past)
개가해 (indicative informal non-past)
개가해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
개가합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
개가했다 (formal indicative past)
개가했어 (indicative informal past)
개가했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
개가했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
개가하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
개가해 (informal interrogative non-past)
개가해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
개가합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
개가했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
개가했어 (informal interrogative past)
개가했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
개가했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
개가하자 (formal hortative)
개가해 (hortative informal)
개가해요 (hortative informal polite)
개가하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
개가해라 (formal imperative)
개가하여라 (formal imperative)
개가해 (imperative informal)
개가해요 (imperative informal polite)
개가합시오 (formal imperative polite)
개가하겠다 (assertive formal)
개가하겠어 (assertive informal)
개가하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
개가하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
개가해 (causative formal)
개가해서 (causative informal)
개가하여서 (causative informal)
개가하니 (causative informal polite)
개가하니까 (causative formal polite)
개가하지만 (contrastive formal)
개가하는데 (contrastive informal)
개가하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
개가하고 (conjunctive formal)
개가하면 (conditional formal)
개가해야 (conditional informal)
개가하여야 (conditional informal)
개가하려고 (formal motive-form)
개가함 (formal noun-from-verb)
개가하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
개가했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
개가하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
개가했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
개가하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
개가한 (determiner formal past)
개가하는 (determiner formal present)
개가할 (determiner formal future)
개가하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
개가하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
개가하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
개가하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
개가하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
개가하셨다 (formal indicative past)
개가하셨어 (indicative informal past)
개가하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
개가하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
개가하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
개가하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
개가하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
개가하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
개가하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
개가하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
개가하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
개가하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
개가하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
개가하시라 (formal imperative)
개가하셔 (imperative informal)
개가하세요 (imperative informal polite)
개가하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
개가하시겠다 (assertive formal)
개가하시겠어 (assertive informal)
개가하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
개가하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
개가하셔 (causative formal)
개가하셔서 (causative informal)
개가하시니 (causative informal polite)
개가하시니까 (causative formal polite)
개가하시지만 (contrastive formal)
개가하시는데 (contrastive informal)
개가하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
개가하시고 (conjunctive formal)
개가하시면 (conditional formal)
개가하셔야 (conditional informal)
개가하시려고 (formal motive-form)
개가하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
개가하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
개가하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
개가하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
개가하신 (determiner formal past)
개가하시는 (determiner formal present)
개가하실 (determiner formal future)

개가(改嫁) (gaega) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

af

(intransitive, of a woman) To remarry after separation or divorce.


개장국

From 개 (gae, “dog”) + 장(醬) (jang, “sauce”) + 국 (guk, “soup”).

compound

(South Korea) gaejangguk (a flavored dog-meat soup)


개별자

[ˈkɛ(ː)bjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈a̠]

[ˈke̞(ː)bjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈a̠]

Sino-Korean word from 個別 (“individual”) + 者 (“thing”)

ko-etym-Sino

(philosophy) individuals or particulars, as opposed to universals.


개념

[ˈkɛ(ː)ɲʌ̹m]

Sino-Korean word from 槪念, from 槪 (“overall”) + 念 (“idea”)


개장

[ˈkɛ(ː)d͡ʑa̠ŋ]

From 개 (gae, “dog”) + 장 (醬, jang, “sauce”).

(Yanbian, Russia) Bosintang, a traditional dog-meat soup.


갱개

Sino-Korean word from 更改, from 更 (“replacing”) + 改 (“correcting”)


갯과

From 개 (gae, “dog”) + ㅅ (-s-) + 과(科) (gwa, “taxonomic family”).


거짓

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 거〯즛〮 (Yale: kěcús).


거듭홀소리

[kʌ̹dɯpʰo̞ɭsʰo̞ɾi]

From 거듭 (geodeup, “redoubled”) + 홀소리 (holsori, “vowel”).

이중모음 이중모음#Korean

二重母音 二重母音#Korean

(nativising coinage) Synonym of 이중모음(二重母音) (ijungmo'eum( 二重母音 ), “diphthong”)


걸림씨

[kʌ̹ʎʎimɕ͈i]

Of native Korean origin. From 걸림 (geollim, “hanging on”) + 씨 (ssi, “part of speech”).


건망증

geonmangjeung (romanization)
健忘症 (hanja)

[ˈkɘ(ː)nma̠ŋt͡ɕ͈ɯŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 健忘症, from 健 (“strong”) + 忘 (“forgetfulness”) + 症 (“disease”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.


게시판

Sino-Korean word from 揭示板, from 揭示 (“posting”) + 板 (“board”).


검

Of native Korean origin. Probably cognate with Japanese 神(かみ) (kami, “God”); note the long vowel, which implies an Old Korean bisyllabic form (hence likely *kemV).

그에게는 검님보다도 부처님보다도 더 거룩하고 더 반가운 이름이 아니었던가?

1938, 현진건／玄鎭健, 무영탑 [Muyeongtap, The Shadowless Pagoda]

Was it not a name holier and more welcome to him than a god or a Buddha?

Geuegeneun geomnimbodado bucheonimbodado deo georukhago deo ban'gaun ireumi anieotdeon'ga?

(obsolete, very rare) (religion) god; spirit


검정

[kʌ̹md͡ʑʌ̹ŋ]

Of native Korean origin. Perhaps from Middle Korean 검듸ᅌᅧᇰ (Yale: kemtuy.yeng) meaning soot.

검정 장갑 옆에 있는 것은 어떠세요? 손님께서 찾으시는 것과 꽤 비슷한데요.

How about the one next to the black gloves? It's very similar to the one you like.

geomjeong janggap yeope inneun geoseun eotteoseyo? sonnimkkeseo chajeusineun geotgwa kkwae biseuthandeyo.

검정:


계간

Sino-Korean word from 鷄姦, from 鷄 (“chicken”) + 姦 (“adultery”)


결장

[kjʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈a̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 結腸, from 結 (“connecting”) + 腸 (“intestine”)


고기떡

From 고기 (gogi, “fish”) + 떡 (tteok, “rice cake”).

compound

(North Korea) A side dish prepared from a fish which has been gutted, split, coated with flour and seasonings, and fried or roasted.


계수

Sino-Korean word from 係數, from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 係数 (keisū)


경련

Sino-Korean word from 痙攣, from 痙 (“convulsing”) + 攣 (“suffering”)


경색

[kjʌ̹ŋsʰɛk̚]

Sino-Korean word from 梗塞, from 梗 (“blocking”) + 塞 (“block”)


고려말

From 고려 (goryeo, “Korea”) + 말 (mal, “spoken language”). Among modern Koryo-mar speakers, the originally used 조선말 (joseonmal) seems to have been significantly replaced by this term.

af

Koryo-mar, the Korean dialect spoken in Russia and Central Asia.


고모부

Sino-Korean word from 姑母 (“paternal aunt”) + 夫 (“husband”)


겹

Sino-Korean word from 袷 (“layered garment; overlapping collar”).

ko-etym-sino

(clothing) the place in a garment where the right and left collars meet


고대 그리스어

[ko̞dɛ kɯɾisʰɯʌ̹]

From 고대 (古代, godae, “ancient times”) + 그리스어 (geuriseueo, “Greek language”).


고아

Sino-Korean word from 孤兒, from 孤 (“alone”) + 兒 (“child”)


곧은창자

[ko̞dɯɲt͡ɕʰa̠ŋd͡ʑa̠]

From 곧은 (godeun, “straight”) + 창자 (changja, “bowel”).


골인

(sports) scoring; getting a point or points


고추자지

From 고추 (gochu, “red pepper”) + 자지 (jaji, “penis”).


곰국

A thick meat soup, with beef usually the main ingredient.


고을

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞ옳 (Yale: kòwòlh), from earlier *고ᄫᆞᆶ (Yale: *kòWòlh) preserved in an MK place name, from pre-MK */kòpòlh/, from Proto-Koreanic *kopoLi. Related to 시골 (sigol, “countryside”), from Middle Korean 스〮ᄀᆞᄫᆞᆯ (Yale: súkòWòl).
Possibly related to Baekje 己富里 (*kopori, “district”), Goguryeo 忽 (*kuru/*kolo, “castle”), and Japanese 郡 (kōri, “county, district”).


공알

The second element is probably 알 (al, “egg”), but the identity of the first element is not clear.


공식어

[ko̞ŋɕʰiɡʌ̹]

From 공식 (公式, gongsik, “official”) + -어 (語, -eo, “language”).


공리

Sino-Korean word from 公理, from 公 (“common”) + 理 (“principle”)


공갈

[ˈko̞(ː)ŋɡa̠ɭ]

Sino-Korean word from 恐喝, from 恐 (“fearsome”) + 喝 (“scolding”)


고추

First attested in the Gugeupganibang eonhae (救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해), 1489, as Middle Korean 고쵸〮 (Yale: kwòchyó). Its original meaning was “black pepper”. Two hypotheses exist regarding its origin:
# From Japanese 胡椒(こしょう) (koshō), in turn from Chinese 胡椒 [Sino-Korean reading 호초 (hocho)].
# From 고초(苦草) (gocho, “bitter vegetable”), acquiring its current meaning after the introduction of chili peppers in the 17th century.

ko-etym-native

(informal, often childish) willy, wee-wee, penis


고유어

Sino-Korean word from 固有 (“inherent”) + 語 (“word”).

ko-etym-sino

(linguistics) a word that is part of a language's native vocabulary


공갈하다

ko-verb

공갈하다 • (gonggalhada) (infinitive 공갈해 or 공갈하여, sequential 공갈하니)

gonggalhada (romanization)
공갈해 (infinitive)
공갈하여 (infinitive)
공갈하니 (sequential)
공갈한다 (formal indicative non-past)
공갈해 (indicative informal non-past)
공갈해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
공갈합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
공갈했다 (formal indicative past)
공갈했어 (indicative informal past)
공갈했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
공갈했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
공갈하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
공갈해 (informal interrogative non-past)
공갈해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
공갈합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
공갈했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
공갈했어 (informal interrogative past)
공갈했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
공갈했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
공갈하자 (formal hortative)
공갈해 (hortative informal)
공갈해요 (hortative informal polite)
공갈하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
공갈해라 (formal imperative)
공갈하여라 (formal imperative)
공갈해 (imperative informal)
공갈해요 (imperative informal polite)
공갈합시오 (formal imperative polite)
공갈하겠다 (assertive formal)
공갈하겠어 (assertive informal)
공갈하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
공갈하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
공갈해 (causative formal)
공갈해서 (causative informal)
공갈하여서 (causative informal)
공갈하니 (causative informal polite)
공갈하니까 (causative formal polite)
공갈하지만 (contrastive formal)
공갈하는데 (contrastive informal)
공갈하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
공갈하고 (conjunctive formal)
공갈하면 (conditional formal)
공갈해야 (conditional informal)
공갈하여야 (conditional informal)
공갈하려고 (formal motive-form)
공갈함 (formal noun-from-verb)
공갈하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
공갈했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
공갈하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
공갈했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
공갈하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
공갈한 (determiner formal past)
공갈하는 (determiner formal present)
공갈할 (determiner formal future)
공갈하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
공갈하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
공갈하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
공갈하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
공갈하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
공갈하셨다 (formal indicative past)
공갈하셨어 (indicative informal past)
공갈하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
공갈하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
공갈하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
공갈하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
공갈하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
공갈하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
공갈하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
공갈하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
공갈하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
공갈하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
공갈하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
공갈하시라 (formal imperative)
공갈하셔 (imperative informal)
공갈하세요 (imperative informal polite)
공갈하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
공갈하시겠다 (assertive formal)
공갈하시겠어 (assertive informal)
공갈하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
공갈하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
공갈하셔 (causative formal)
공갈하셔서 (causative informal)
공갈하시니 (causative informal polite)
공갈하시니까 (causative formal polite)
공갈하시지만 (contrastive formal)
공갈하시는데 (contrastive informal)
공갈하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
공갈하시고 (conjunctive formal)
공갈하시면 (conditional formal)
공갈하셔야 (conditional informal)
공갈하시려고 (formal motive-form)
공갈하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
공갈하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
공갈하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
공갈하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
공갈하신 (determiner formal past)
공갈하시는 (determiner formal present)
공갈하실 (determiner formal future)

[ˈko̞(ː)ŋɡa̠ɾɦa̠da̠]

공갈(恐喝) (gonggal) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).


과일단물

From 과일 (gwail, “fruit”) + 단물 (danmul, “sweet water”).


공용어

Sino-Korean word from 公用語, from 公用 (“official use”) + 語 (“language”)


공자

Sino-Korean word from 工資, from 工 (“work”) + 資 (“funds”). Borrowed from Chinese 工資／工资 (gōngzī).


광대뼈

From 광대 (gwangdae, “mask”) + 뼈 (ppyeo, “bone”).


관상동맥

gwansangdongmaek (romanization)
冠狀動脈 (hanja)

From 관상 (冠狀, gwansang, “crown-shaped”) + 동맥 (動脈, dongmaek, “artery”).


관계어

From 관계 (關係, gwan'gye, “connection”) + -어 (語, -eo, “word”).


관사

Sino-Korean word from 冠詞, from 冠 (“first”) + 詞 (“word”)


관자놀이

관자(貫子) (gwanja, “headband ring placed above the temples in traditional headwear”) + 놀 (nol-, “to jolt, to twitch (dated)”) + 이 (-i, noun-deriving suffix).
When the pulse beats in the temples, the headband ring will jolt slightly: the temple is the "place where the 관자 (gwanja) jolts".

af

관자(貫子)<t:headband ring placed above the temples in traditional headwear>

관자놀이를 짚다


관용구

Sino-Korean word from 慣用句, from 慣用 (“usage”) + 句 (“phrase”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.

ko-etym-sino

'See you around'는 헤어질 때 쓰는 관용구에 불과하다.

"See you around" is no more than a set phrase one says when bidding farewell.

See you around neun heeojil ttae sseuneun gwanyonggue bulgwahada.


관계대명사

ko-noun

관계대명사 • (gwan'gyedaemyeongsa) (hanja 關係代名詞)

gwan'gyedaemyeongsa (romanization)
關係代名詞 (hanja)

From 관계 (關係, gwan'gye, “relation”) + 대명사 (代名詞, daemyeongsa, “pronoun”).


교미

Sino-Korean word from 交尾, from 交 (“exchanging”) + 尾 (“tails”)


교가

Sino-Korean word from 校歌, from 校 (“school”) + 歌 (“song”)


교미하다

ko-verb

교미하다 • (gyomihada) (infinitive 교미해 or 교미하여, sequential 교미하니)

gyomihada (romanization)
교미해 (infinitive)
교미하여 (infinitive)
교미하니 (sequential)
교미한다 (formal indicative non-past)
교미해 (indicative informal non-past)
교미해요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
교미합니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
교미했다 (formal indicative past)
교미했어 (indicative informal past)
교미했어요 (indicative informal past polite)
교미했습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
교미하느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
교미해 (informal interrogative non-past)
교미해요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
교미합니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
교미했느냐 (formal interrogative past)
교미했어 (informal interrogative past)
교미했어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
교미했습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
교미하자 (formal hortative)
교미해 (hortative informal)
교미해요 (hortative informal polite)
교미하십시다 (formal hortative polite)
교미해라 (formal imperative)
교미하여라 (formal imperative)
교미해 (imperative informal)
교미해요 (imperative informal polite)
교미합시오 (formal imperative polite)
교미하겠다 (assertive formal)
교미하겠어 (assertive informal)
교미하겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
교미하겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
교미해 (causative formal)
교미해서 (causative informal)
교미하여서 (causative informal)
교미하니 (causative informal polite)
교미하니까 (causative formal polite)
교미하지만 (contrastive formal)
교미하는데 (contrastive informal)
교미하더니 (contrastive informal polite)
교미하고 (conjunctive formal)
교미하면 (conditional formal)
교미해야 (conditional informal)
교미하여야 (conditional informal)
교미하려고 (formal motive-form)
교미함 (formal noun-from-verb)
교미하기 (informal noun-from-verb)
교미했음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
교미하였음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
교미했기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
교미하였기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
교미한 (determiner formal past)
교미하는 (determiner formal present)
교미할 (determiner formal future)
교미하신다 (formal indicative non-past)
교미하셔 (indicative informal non-past)
교미하세요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
교미하셔요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
교미하십니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
교미하셨다 (formal indicative past)
교미하셨어 (indicative informal past)
교미하셨어요 (indicative informal past polite)
교미하셨습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
교미하시느냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
교미하셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
교미하세요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
교미하셔요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
교미하십니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
교미하셨느냐 (formal interrogative past)
교미하셨어 (informal interrogative past)
교미하셨어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
교미하셨습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
교미하시라 (formal imperative)
교미하셔 (imperative informal)
교미하세요 (imperative informal polite)
교미하십시오 (formal imperative polite)
교미하시겠다 (assertive formal)
교미하시겠어 (assertive informal)
교미하시겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
교미하시겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
교미하셔 (causative formal)
교미하셔서 (causative informal)
교미하시니 (causative informal polite)
교미하시니까 (causative formal polite)
교미하시지만 (contrastive formal)
교미하시는데 (contrastive informal)
교미하시더니 (contrastive informal polite)
교미하시고 (conjunctive formal)
교미하시면 (conditional formal)
교미하셔야 (conditional informal)
교미하시려고 (formal motive-form)
교미하심 (formal noun-from-verb)
교미하시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
교미하셨음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
교미하셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
교미하신 (determiner formal past)
교미하시는 (determiner formal present)
교미하실 (determiner formal future)

교미(交尾) (gyomi) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).


교황

Sino-Korean word from 敎皇, from 敎 (“religion”) + 皇 (“emperor”).


괴뢰

[ˈkø̞(ː)ɾø̞]

Sino-Korean word from 傀儡, from 傀 (“puppet”) + 儡 (“puppet”)

ko-etym-Sino

(North Korea, politics) A puppet regime; used in North Korea to refer to South Korea.


구두쇠

구두 (gudu, “shoe”) + 쇠 (soe, “metal”). From the image of a man so stingy he would reinforce the soles of his shoes with metal so they could be worn longer.


구레나룻

First attested in the Yeogeo yuhae (譯語類解 / 역어유해), 1690, as Early Modern Korean 구레나롯 (Yale: kwuleynalwos), from 구레 (gure, variant of 굴레 (gulle, “(horse's) bridle”)) + 나룻 (narut, “whiskers”). Literally, “bridle whiskers”.

compound

variant of <i class="Kore mention" lang="ko">굴레</i> (gulle, “(horse's) bridle”)

sideburns; facial hair extending along the jawline from the ears to the chin.


구름다리

From 구름 (gureum, “cloud”) + 다리 (dari, “bridge”).


구역질

From 구역 (嘔逆, guyeok, “nausea”) + -질 (-jil, “act”).


구절

Sino-Korean word from 句 (“clause”) + 節 (“word”)


구석차기

[kusʰʌ̹k̚t͡ɕʰa̠ɡi]


국민학교

gungminhakgyo (romanization)
國民學校 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 國民學校, from 國民 (“citizen”) + 學校 (“school”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 国民学校(こくみんがっこう) (kokumin gakkō), which was used for "elementary school" between 1941 and 1947. It was replaced with 초등학교(初等學校) (chodeunghakgyo) in 1996 in order to eliminate Japanese linguistic influence, but some older speakers continue to prefer this term.

ko-etym-sino

(South Korea, historical or dated) elementary school


귀때기

From 귀 (gwi, “ear”) + 때기 (-ttaegi, humbling suffix).


귀구멍

From 귀 (gwi, “ear”) + 구멍 (gumeong, “hole”).

(North Korea, nonstandard in South Korea) The auditory canal, or by extension the ear


귀두

Sino-Korean word from 龜頭, from 龜 (“turtle”) + 頭 (“head”)


기중기

Sino-Korean word from 기(起) (gi, “raising”) + 중기(重機) (junggi, “heavy machinery”).


길거리

길 (gil, “street”) + ㅅ (-s-, genitive interfix; omitted from the spelling, but this causes the tense phonation of the following consonant) + 거리 (geori, “street”).
First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 긼〮거리〮 (Yale: kíl-s-kèlí).


귀밑털

First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 귀믿터리〮 (Yale: kwìmìtthèlí).
From 귀밑 (gwimit, “root of the ear”) + 털 (teol, “fur”).


귀엣말

From 귀 (gwi, “ear”) + 에 (-e, “in”) + ㅅ (-s-) + 말 (mal, “word”).


두부

Sino-Korean word from 豆腐 (“bean curd, tofu”).


기수사

Contraction of 기본 수사 (基本 數詞, gibon susa, “basic number words”).


기억력

[kiʌ̹ŋɲʌ̹k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 記憶力, from 記憶 (“memory”) + 力 (“ability”).

ko-etym-sino

power of recall; memory (as opposed to what is remembered)


귓구멍

From 귀 (gwi, “ear”) + ㅅ (-s-) + 구멍 (gumeong, “hole”).


조폭

Contraction of Sino-Korean 조직폭력배 (組織暴力輩, jojikpongnyeokbae, “organized violent group”).

ko-l

A group of gangsters; a group of people who engage in organized violence.


그라프

(North Korea, nonstandard in South Korea) graph


그끄제

[kɯk͈ɯd͡ʑe̞]

Contraction of 그끄저께 (geukkeujeokke)., with the same meaning.

Two days before yesterday; three days ago


그끄저께

[kɯk͈ɯd͡ʑʌ̹k͈e̞]

First attested in the Bak Tongsa eonhae (朴通事諺解 / 박통사언해), 1677, as Early Modern Korean 긋그적ᄭᅴ (Yale: kuskucekskuy).

ko-etym-native

two days before yesterday; three days ago


규소

Sino-Korean word from 珪素, from 珪 (“corner”) + 素 (“element”).


귓불

From 귀 (gwi, “ear”) + ㅅ (-s-) + 불 (bul).

부처님은 귓불이 길다.


기도매듭

From 기도 (gido, “prayer”) + 매듭 (maedeup, “knot”).


군소리

From 군- (gun-, “useless”) + 소리 (sori, “sound”).

군소리 좀 작작 하여라.

Kindly keep your prattle to a reasonable level.


군중가요

From 군중 (群衆, gunjung, “populace”) + 가요 (歌謠, gayo, “song”).


파동

Sino-Korean word from 波動, from 波 (“wave”) + 動 (“moving”)


파단

Sino-Korean word from 破 (“breaking”) + 斷 (“dividing”)


파랑

파랑:


파장

[pʰa̠d͡ʑa̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 波長, from 波 (“wave”) + 長 (“length”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 波長(はちょう) (hachō).


네모꼴

네모 (nemo, “quadrangle”) + 꼴 (kkol, “shape”), a calque of Chinese 四角形 (sìjiǎoxíng).

compound

(nativising coinage) Synonym of 사각형(四角形) (sagakhyeong( 四角形 ), “quadrangle”)


세모꼴

세모 (semo, “triangle”) + 꼴 (kkol, “shape”), a calque of Chinese 三角形 (sānjiǎoxíng).

(nativising coinage) Synonym of 삼각형(三角形) (samgakhyeong( 三角形 ), “triangle”)


세모

Sino-Korean word from 歲 (“age”) + 暮 (“sunset”).

ko-etym-sino

2020년의 세모에 전세계 사람들은 코로나 사태가 이듬해에는 종식되기를 기원했다.

In the last days of the year 2020, people all over the world prayed that the coronavirus situation would come to an end the next year.

Icheonisimnyeonui semoe jeonsegye saramdeureun ideumhaeeneun korona sataega jongsikdoegireul giwonhaetda.


세모

Sino-Korean word from 細毛, from 細 (“thin”) + 毛 (“hair”).

이 식물은 엽과 엽병의 세모가 특징적이다.

This plant is characterized by the fine fuzz on its leaves and petioles.

i singmur-eun yeop-gwa yeopbyeong-ui semo-ga teukjingjeog-ida.

(formal, biology, especially botany) fine hair or fuzz


세모

Sino-Korean word from 洗 (“wash”) + 毛 (“hair”).


과금

Sino-Korean word from 課金, from 課 (“levying”) + 金 (“money”)


黃帝

Hanja form of 황제 (“(Chinese mythology) the Yellow Emperor (legendary Chinese sovereign)”).


알파벳

(linguistics, technical) alphabet (type of writing system)


네덜란드어

[ne̞dʌ̹ɭɭa̠ndɯʌ̹]

네덜란드 (nedeollandeu, “Netherlands”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


엄지손가락

[ʌ̹md͡ʑisʰo̞nɡa̠ɾa̠k̚]

엄지 (eomji, “thumb”) + 손가락 (son'garak, “finger”)


정강이

[t͡ɕʌ̹ŋɡa̠ŋi]

shin, shank (front part of the leg below the knee)


목성

Sino-Korean word from 木星, from 木 (“wood”) + 星 (“star”)


토성

Sino-Korean word from 土星, from 土 (“earth”) + 星 (“star”)


해왕성

[ˈhɛ(ː)wa̠ŋsʰʌ̹ŋ]

[ˈhe̞(ː)wa̠ŋsʰʌ̹ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 海王星, from 海 (“sea”) + 王 (“king”) + 星 (“star”).

Neptune (eighth planet of the solar system)


금성

Sino-Korean word from 金星, from 金 (“gold”) + 星 (“star”)


수성

Sino-Korean word from 水星, from 水 (“water”) + 星 (“star”)


천왕성

Cheonwangseong (romanization)
天王星 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹nwa̠ŋsʰʌ̹ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 天王星, from 天 (“sky”) + 王 (“king”) + 星 (“star”)


명왕성

Myeong'wangseong (romanization)
冥王星 (hanja)

[mjʌ̹ŋwa̠ŋsʰʌ̹ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 冥王星, from 冥 (“dark, gloomy; related to the underworld”) + 王 (“king”) + 星 (“star”), from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 冥王星 (Meiōsei).


화성

Sino-Korean word from 火星, from 火 (“fire”) + 星 (“star”)

ko-etym-Sino

[ˈɸwa̠(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋ]


기린

girin (romanization)
마리 (counter)
麒麟 (hanja)

Medici giraffe
Zheng He
ko:기린
ko:기린 (동음이의)
ko:기린 (전설)
maritime history of Somalia

Sino-Korean word from 麒麟. The archaic sense of legendary animal is attested in the two-millennia old Confucianist Classic of Rites that reads bonghwang-girin (鳳凰麒麟). Since Admiral Zheng He brought a giraffe from Somalia to China in 1414, this Hanja word was equated with Somali geri or the like meaning "giraffe" then (See Citations:기린), which on the other hand may have influenced the etymology of Italian giraffa (since Medici giraffe in 1486) and its European derivatives via Arabic زَرَافَة (zarāfa).


벼룩시장

[pjʌ̹ɾukɕ͈id͡ʑa̠ŋ]

Calque of French marché aux puces, using the native Korean word 벼룩 (byeoruk, “flea”) and the Sino-Korean 시장 (市場, sijang, “market”).

벼락감투

high-ranking public office earned overnight


행성

Sino-Korean word from 行星, from 行 (“travel”) + 星 (“star”)


꾸러미

Of native Korean origin. Derived from the verb 꾸리다 (kkurida, “to bundle, pack, wrap”).


사내

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄮᅡᄒᆡ〮 (Yale: snàhóy), from ᄉᆞᆫ〮 (Yale: són, young man) + 아ᄒᆡ〮 (Yale: àhóy, “child”). Originally meant "man" in general, but it has been largely displaced by Sino-Korean.

ko-etym-native

젊은 사내

어느 중국인 사내가 한 시경에 그것을 내다 버렸습니다. ― Eoneu junggugin sanaega han sigyeong'e geugeoseul naeda beoryeotseumnida. ― A Chinese man dumped it around one.

a lad; a young man, especially a manly one


사내

Sino-Korean word from 寺 (“temple”) + 內 (“interior”).

ko-etym-Sino

(Buddhism) interior of a Buddhist temple facility


선교

Sino-Korean word from 宣 (“proclaiming”) + 敎 (“religion”)

그는 선교를 했다.


선교

Sino-Korean word from 禪 (“Seon”) + 敎 (“teachings”)

(Buddhism) The Zen and non-Zen sects of Buddhism, considered as a group


탑

Sino-Korean word from 塔 (“stupa; tower”), from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa).

ko-etym-sino

the hanja entry at 塔 for Sino-Korean compounds of 탑

(Buddhism) a pagoda or such a monument that has evolved from the archaic stupa


가발

Sino-Korean word from 假髮, from 假 (“fake”) + 髮 (“hair”)


原語

Hanja form of 원어 (“(linguistics, computing, translation studies) source language”).


觀世音

Hanja form of 관세음 (“(Buddhism) Guanyin”).


大乘佛教

Daeseungbulgyo (romanization)
대승불교 (hangeul)

대승불교 대승불교#Korean

Hanja form of 대승불교 (“(Buddhism) Mahayana Buddhism”).


大乘

Hanja form of 대승 (“(Buddhism) Mahayana; the great vehicle”).


탐정

[tʰa̠md͡ʑʌ̹ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 探偵, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 探偵(たんてい) (tantei)


黑洞

(astronomy, dated) Hanja form of 흑동 (“black hole”).


페르세포네

From Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē).

(Greek mythology) Persephone (Greek goddess)


해적

[ˈhɛ(ː)d͡ʑʌ̹k̚]

[ˈhe̞(ː)d͡ʑʌ̹k̚]


폐

폐와 심장은 생명을 유지시키기 위해 서로 협동한다.

The lungs and the heart collaborate to make the body function properly.

Pyewa simjang-eun saengmyeong-eul yujisikigi wihae seoro hyeopdonghanda.


레

From Italian re or some other European language.

(music) re (second note in the solfège major scale)


환

Korean reading of various Chinese characters


항

Sino-Korean word from 項, from the Middle Korean reading 하ᇰ〯 (Yale: hǎng).

the hanja entry at 項 for Sino-Korean compounds of 항


리

Sino-Korean word from 理 (“reason; logic”).

(East Asian philosophy, especially Confucianism) li, the underlying ordering principle of the cosmos

East Asian philosophy; especially Confucianism; East Asian philosophy; especially Confucianism

the hanja entry at 理 for Sino-Korean compounds of 리


리

Sino-Korean word from 里 (“village; unit of distance”).

(government) village; a Korean administrative division covering a small settlement and its surrounding hinterland.


리

li; East Asian unit of distance (traditionally around 393 meters in Korea)

the hanja entry at 里 for Sino-Korean compounds of 리


리

Sino-Korean word from 李, Middle Korean reading 리〯 (Lǐ) and 니〯 (Nǐ).

North Korea standard form of 이(李) (^i, “Lee”, the second most common Korean surname).


사투리

First attested in the Gyeongja yeonhaeng japji (庚子燕行雜識 / 경자연행잡지), 1720, as Early Modern Korean 使土俚 (Yale: sothwoli).
In the Hangul script, first attested in the Iju pungsoktong (夷州風俗通 / 이주풍속통), 1756, as Early Modern Korean ᄉᆞ토리 (Yale: sothwoli).

lang

庚子燕行雜識 / 경자연행잡지

庚子燕行雜識 / 경자연행잡지

lang

夷州風俗通 / 이주풍속통

夷州風俗通 / 이주풍속통

ko-etym-native

경상도 사투리로 '새우'를 뭐라 하는지 알아?

Do you know what the word for "shrimp" is in Gyeongsang dialect?

Gyeongsangdo saturiro sae'u reul mwora haneunji ara?

영국에서 스코틀랜드 사투리를 쓰는 사람들을 낮잡아 보나요?
Yeonggug-eseo ^seukoteullaendeu saturi-reul sseuneun saram-deur-eul natjaba bona-yo?
In the United Kingdom, are people who use a Scottish accent looked down upon?

이곳 ᄉᆞ토리로 디으니 도로혀 슌치 못ᄒᆞ다

1765, 李(이)匡(광)明(명) (Yi Gwang-myeong), 夷(이)州(쥬)風(픙)俗(쇽)通(통) [On the Customs of the Barbaric Province]

As [this text] is written in the dialect of this place, it is once more not easy [to read].

igot satoriro dieuni dorohyeo syunchi mothada

(primarily non-academic) a dialect or accent of a language, usually a non-standard one


향

Sino-Korean word from 香, from the Middle Korean reading 햐ᇰ (Yale: hyàng).

the hanja entry at 香 for Sino-Korean compounds of 향


사회주의

[sʰa̠ɦø̞d͡ʑuɰi]

[sʰa̠ɦø̞d͡ʑui]

Sino-Korean word from 社會主義 (“socialism”).

ko-etym-sino

북한은 사회주의를 채택하여 표방하고 있다.

North Korea professes to have adopted socialism.

bukhan-eun sahoejuui-reul chaetaekhayeo pyobanghago itda.


찜

→ English: jjim

→ Japanese: チム (chimu)

찌 (jji, “to steam”) + ㅁ (-m, verbal noun-deriving suffix).

af

a Korean dish made by steaming or boiling meat, chicken, fish, or shellfish which have been marinated in a sauce or soup


균

태주균

均: (music) An ancient Chinese musical term indicating which of the twelve pitches of the Chinese chromatic scale would be the starting pitch


태양계

[tʰɛja̠ŋɡe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 太陽系, from 太陽 (“sun”) + 系 (“system”)


부처

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 부텨 (Yale: Pwùthyè), from Late Old Korean 佛體 (*PWUthye?), from Proto-Koreanic *Pwutukye, which was also loaned into Manchu ᡶᡠᠴᡳᡥᡳ (fucihi, “Buddha”) and Japanese 仏(ほとけ) (hotoke, “Buddha”) when Koreans spread Buddhism to those peoples. See the Proto-Korean entry for more. The first two syllables are ultimately from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddhá), via Middle Chinese 佛陀 (MC bjut da) or some similar Sinitic form. Thomas Pellard speculates that the final element is an ancient Koreanic word for "king; lord".
The traditional etymology still given in Korean dictionaries is that this is a non-Sino-Korean form of the Chinese phrase 佛體 (MC bjut thejX), meaning "body of the Buddha", but this is problematic both phonologically (pitch accent and vocalism mismatch) and historically (inability to explain the match between Japanese and Manchu without positing a Korean source for both).

ko-etym-native

^붓다

less common, intentional Sanskritization

Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama, founder of Buddhism)


부처

a Buddha (an enlightened being in Buddhism)

눈부처

person's reflection in an eye; eye's Buddha

돌부처

stone Buddha; someone not swayed by emotion

석가모니(釋迦牟尼)

Shakyamuni; Seokgamoni, personal name of the Buddha


인터넷

Internet (specific internet consisting of the global network of computers)


망치

First attested in the Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, as Middle Korean 마치 (Yale: machi).


아프리칸스어

[a̠pʰɯɾikʰa̠nsʰɯʌ̹]

아프리칸스 (apeurikanseu, “Afrikaans”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


프랑스어

[pʰɯɾa̠ŋsʰɯʌ̹]

From 프랑스 (peurangseu, “France”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).

저는 프랑스어를 공부할 준비가 되었어요.

Jeo-neun peurangseueo-reul gongbuhal junbi-ga doeeosseoyo.

육십오(65)세 이상 인구의 거의 사(4)분의 삼(3)이 프랑스어를 말하는 것으로 조사되었다.
yuksibo(65)se isang in'gu-ui geoui sa(4)bun-ui sam(3)i peurangseueo-reul malhaneun geos-euro josadoeeotda.

1997, Albert Valdman, French and Creole in Louisiana, page 29

Almost three quarters of the population 65 and older reported speaking French.


버클륨

berkelium (transuranic chemical element)


보수

Sino-Korean word from 保守, from 保 (“protection”) + 守 (“defend”).

ko-etym-Sino

보수 세력과 진보 세력은 서로 대치 중이다.

The conservatives and the progressives are facing off each other.

Bosu seryeok-gwa jinbo seryeog-eun seoro daechi jung-ida.


안경

[ˈa̠(ː)nɡjʌ̹ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 眼鏡, from 眼 (“eye”) + 鏡 (“glass”).

ko-etym-sino

아빠는 안경을 쓰고 있습니다. ― Appa-neun an'gyeong-eul sseugo itseumnida. ― My daddy is wearing glasses.


운동화

Sino-Korean word from 運動靴, from 運動 (“sports”) + 靴 (“shoes”)


구두

Seems to be borrowed from Japanese 靴 (kutsu, “shoe”), attestable since 759 CE, but then some Japanese sources suggest that the Japanese term may have been borrowed from Korean 구두 . Compare Hamgyong Korean 구주 (guju). First attested in the Daehan Maeil Sinbo (大韓每日新報 / 대한매일신보) (No. 84), 1903. The late attestation also points to a late loanword from Japanese.

lang

大韓每日新報 / 대한매일신보

大韓每日新報 / 대한매일신보

dress shoes (Western-style footwear made of leather)


티셔츠

[tʰiɕʰʌ̹t͡ɕʰɯ]


오르가슴

[o̞ɾɯɡa̠sʰɯm]

Phono-semantic matching of French orgasme, from 오르 (oreu-, “to go up, rise”) + 가슴 (gaseum, “chest, breast, heart”).


알파

alpha (name of the Greek, Ancient Greek letter α)


다운로드

(computing) download (file transfer to the local computer)


세계에서 가장 오래된 직업

ko-noun

세계-에서 가장 오래된 직업

세계에서 가장 오래된 직업 • (segye-eseo gajang oraedoen jigeop)

segye-eseo gajang oraedoen jigeop (romanization)

Calque of English world's oldest profession.

calque

world's oldest profession
world's oldest profession

(rare other than in direct translation from English) the world's oldest profession.


약혼자

Sino-Korean word from 約婚者, from 約婚 (“engagement”) + 者 (“person”).

ko-etym-sino

fiancé or fiancée (man or woman who is engaged to be married)


중국인

Sino-Korean word from 중국(中國) (jungguk, “China”) + 인(人) (-in, “person”).


터키어

터키 (Teoki, “Turkey”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”)


장난감

장난 (jangnan, “mischief, fun”) + ㅅ (-s-) + 감 (gam, “stuff, material”).

com

아이가 자동차 장난감을 가지고 놉니다. ― Ai-ga jadongcha jangnan'gam-eul gajigo nomnida. ― A child plays with a car toy.


키보드

keyboard (set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc.)


인공지능

in'gongjineung (romanization)
人工知能 (hanja)

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence


정맥

[t͡ɕʌ̹ŋmɛk̚]

[t͡ɕʌ̹ŋme̞k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 靜脈, from 靜 (“still”) + 脈 (“pulse”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 静脈(じょうみゃく) (jōmyaku)


청바지

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ŋba̠d͡ʑi]

Compound of 청 (靑, cheong, “blue-green”) and 바지 (baji, “pants”).


사상의 지평선

[ˈsʰa̠(ː)sʰa̠ŋɰi t͡ɕipʰjʌ̹ŋsʰʌ̹n]

[ˈsʰa̠(ː)sʰa̠ŋe̞ t͡ɕipʰjʌ̹ŋsʰʌ̹n]

사상(事象) (sasang, “event”) + 의 (-ui) + 지평선(地平線) (jipyeongseon, “horizon”).


천체물리학

ko-noun

천체물리학 • (cheonchemullihak) (hanja 天體物理學)

cheonchemullihak (romanization)
天體物理學 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɲt͡ɕʰe̞muʎʎiɦa̠k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 天體物理學, from 天體 (“astro”) + 物理學 (“physics”).


양성애

[ˈja̠(ː)ŋsʰʌ̹ŋɛ]

[ˈja̠(ː)ŋsʰʌ̹ŋe̞]

Sino-Korean word from 兩性 (“both sexes”) + 愛 (“love”)


이성애

[ˈi(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋɛ]

[ˈi(ː)sʰʌ̹ŋe̞]


동성애

[to̞ŋsʰʌ̹ŋɛ]

[to̞ŋsʰʌ̹ŋe̞]


라면

→ English: ramyeon

라 (ra) + 면(麵) (myeon, “noodle”), from Japanese ラーメン (rāmen), from Mandarin 拉麵／拉面 (lāmiàn). 拉麵 would be *납면 (*nammyeon) in Sino-Korean.

zh-l

拉麵／拉面 (lāmiàn)

ramen (soup noodles of wheat, with various ingredients; usually of Japanese cuisine)


서점

[sʰʌ̹d͡ʑʌ̹m]

Sino-Korean word from 書店, from 書 (“book”) + 店 (“shop, store”)


통장

[tʰo̞ŋd͡ʑa̠ŋ]


상자

[sʰa̠ŋd͡ʑa̠]


봉지

Sino-Korean word from 封紙, from 封 (“seal”) + 紙 (“paper”)


장수

Sino-Korean word from 葬 (“funeral, burial”) + 需 (“need, require”).


장수

Sino-Korean word from 張宿 (“Extended Net Mansion”).

Twenty-Eight Mansions
w:Twenty-Eight Mansions

(Chinese astronomy) Extended Net Mansion (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)


흡혈귀

[xɯpʰjʌ̹ɭɡɥi]

[xɯpʰjʌ̹ɭɡy]

Sino-Korean word from 吸血鬼, from 吸 (“to suck”) + 血 (“blood”) + 鬼 (“demon”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 吸血鬼(きゅうけつき) (kyūketsuki).


며느리

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 며느〮리〮 (Yale: myènúlí).
Also attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 며ᄂᆞᆯ (Yale: myenol).
Equivalent to 며늘 (myeoneul) + 이 (-i, noun-deriving suffix), but the meaning of the root is not clear. The non-suffixed form survives in the vocative 며늘아 (myeoneura, “hey, daughter-in-law”) and the affectionate, now somewhat dated form 며늘아기 (myeoneuragi, “little daughter-in-law”, literally “baby daughter-in-law”).


여자친구

yeojachin'gu (romanization)
女子親舊 (hanja)

[jʌ̹d͡ʑa̠t͡ɕʰinɡu]

Calque of English girlfriend. Sino-Korean word from 女子親舊, from 女子 (“female”) + 親舊 (“friend”)


블랙홀

[pɯɭɭɛkʰo̞ɭ]

[pɯɭɭe̞kʰo̞ɭ]


부채

First attested in the Gugeupbang eonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466, as Middle Korean 부체〮 (Yale: pwùchéy).


향수

Sino-Korean word from 香水, from 香 (“fragrance”) + 水 (“water ; fluid, liquid”).

ko-etym-sino

perfume, cologne (substance providing a pleasant smell)


거인

Sino-Korean word from 巨人, from 巨 (“giant”) + 人 (“human”)


광년

Sino-Korean word from 光年, from 光 (“light”) + 年 (“year”)


영화관

yeonghwagwan (romanization)
映畫館 (hanja)
映畵館 (hanja)


정신분열증

ko-noun

정신분열증 • (jeongsinbunyeoljeung) (hanja 精神分裂症)

jeongsinbunyeoljeung (romanization)
精神分裂症 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʌ̹ŋɕʰin puɲʌ̹ʎt͡ɕ͈ɯŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 精神分裂症, from 精神 (“psychological”) + 分裂 (“division”) + 症 (“syndrome, disease”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.

ko-etym-sino

(pathology, now disfavoured) schizophrenia


칭

(music) tune of the fifth sting to the left of a yanggeum


근

(units of measure) A geun, catty, or Korean pound, a unit of weight equivalent to about 600 grams.


조계종

[t͡ɕo̞ɡje̞d͡ʑo̞ŋ]

[t͡ɕo̞ɡe̞d͡ʑo̞ŋ]


육조

Sino-Korean word from 六曹, from 六 (“six”) + 曹 (“ministry”)

ko-etym-Sino

(history) The six major ministries of the Korean Joseon Dynasty, namely the ministries of personnel, taxation, rites, military affairs, punishments, and public works.


바로가기

From 바로 (baro, “directly”) + 가기 (gagi, “going”), gerund of 가다 (gada, “to go”).


한복

Sino-Korean word from 漢服, from 漢 (“Chinese”) + 服 (“clothing”).


철도

[t͡ɕʰʌ̹ɭt͈o̞]

그 철도는 아직 공사 중인가요, 아니면 이미 끝났나요?

Is the railway still under construction or has it been finished?

Geu cheoldo-neun ajik gongsa jung-in'ga-yo, animyeon imi kkeunnanna-yo?

railway (transport system using these rails)


모스크

(Islam) mosque (a place of worship for Muslims)


까뀌

First attested in the Bak Tongsa eonhae (朴通事諺解 / 박통사언해), 1677, as Early Modern Korean 갓귀 (Yale: kaskwuy).


포크

Short for 포크볼 (pokeubol, “(baseball) forkball”).


알코올

[a̠ɭkʰo̞o̞ɭ]


아담

Likely borrowed from Biblical Hebrew אָדָם (adam, “earth, man, soil, light brown”).

bor

(biblical) Adam (first man in the Bible and Qur’an)


스페인어

스페인 (seupein, “Spain”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


동무

First attested in the Beonyeok nogeoldae (飜譯老乞大 / 번역노걸대), 1517, as Middle Korean 도ᇰ모〮 (Yale: twòngmwó). May be ultimately of Sino-Korean origin, from 동모 (同謀, dongmo, “planning together; complotting; collusion”).
Alternatively, it could be of native origin and influenced by 동 (同, dong, “together”); compare Japanese 友(とも) (tomo, “friend, pal”).


마누

(Hinduism) Manu (the progenitor of mankind)


사우

Sino-Korean word from 社 (“company”) + 友 (“friend”)


미아

Sino-Korean word from 迷 (“wandering”) + 兒 (“child”)


미아

A transliteration of the English female given name Mia.


이아

Erya (the oldest surviving Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia known)


아우

First attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 아ᅀᆞ (Yale: àzò), most plausibly from the unattested archaic form 아ᅀᆞᆨ (Yale: *azok-).
Compare also Hamgyeong 아스 (aseu) and Jeju 아시 (asi).


의성어

Sino-Korean word from 擬聲語 (“onomatopoeia”)

ko-etym-sino

onomatopoeia (word that sounds like what it represents)


變數

Hanja form of 변수 (“(mathematics) variable”).


까마귓과

From 까마귀 (kkamagwi, “crow”) + ㅅ (-s-) + 과(科) (gwa, “taxonomic family”).


노트북

Borrowed from English notebook, perhaps by way of Japanese ノートブック (nōtobukku).


자차

Contraction of 자외선 차단제 (jaoeseon chadanje, “UV blocker”).


건반

(music) keyboard (component of many instruments)


손바닥

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 소ᇇ바다ᇰ (Yale: swon-s-patang). Analyzable as 손 (son, “hand”) + ㅅ (-s-) + 바닥 (badak, “flat”).

compound

박수는 손바닥 두개를 마주치면서 치는 것이다.

When you clap, you hit palms of your hands together.

baksu-neun sonbadak du-gae-reul majuchimyeonseo chineun geos-ida.


곤충학

[ko̞ɲt͡ɕʰuŋɦa̠k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 昆蟲學, from 昆蟲 (“insect”) + 學 (“-logy”).


우주비행사

ujubihaengsa (romanization)
宇宙飛行士 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 宇宙飛行士, from 宇宙 (“space”) + 飛行士 (“pilot”).

우주 비행사
우주 비행사#Korean

Alternative spelling of 우주 비행사 (uju bihaengsa)


악몽

Sino-Korean word from 惡夢, from 惡 (“evil, wicked, mean, bad, foul”) + 夢 (“dream, visionary, wishful”)

ko-etym-Sino

nightmare (a very bad or frightening dream)


강수

Sino-Korean word from 降水, from 降 (“descending”) + 水 (“water”)

(weather) precipitation (water falling from the atmosphere)


아악

the ancient court ritual music of Korea, of Chinese origin


인권

Sino-Korean word from 人權, from 人 (“person”) + 權 (“right”), with compound/genitive tensing applied, ultimately an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 人権 (jinken).

obor

human rights (the basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed)


동맥

Sino-Korean word from 動脈, from 動 (“moving”) + 脈 (“pulse”), from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 動脈 (dōmyaku).


기상학

Sino-Korean word from 기상(氣象) (gisang, “weather”) + 學 (“-logy”).


미사일

From English missile. Compare Japanese ミサイル (misairu).


주근깨

[t͡ɕuɡɯnk͈ɛ]

freckle (small pigmentation spot on the skin)


프랑

franc (former currency of France and Belgium)


어원학

[ˈɘ(ː)wʌ̹nɦa̠k̚]

Sino-Korean word from 語源學, from 語源 (“etymology”) + 學 (“study”), from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 語源学 (gogengaku).

etymology (study of the historical development of languages, particularly of individual words)


무덤

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 무덤〮 (Yale: mwùtém).


교과서

Sino-Korean word from 敎科書, from 敎科 (“subject”) + 書 (“book”), an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 教科書 (kyōkasho).


가스파초

[ka̠sʰɯpʰa̠t͡ɕʰo̞]


천식

[ˈt͡ɕʰɘ(ː)nɕʰik̚]


새해 복 많이 받으세요

ko-pos

새해 복 많이 받으세요 • (saehae bok mani badeuseyo)

saehae bok mani badeuseyo (romanization)

Literally “please receive much fortune in the new year”.

현배: 네, 잘 있어요. 아버지, 새해 복 많이 받으세요.
hyeonbae: ne, jal isseoyo. abeoji, saehae bok mani badeuseyo.
Hyeonbae: Yes, it's very good. Happy New Year, Dad.
hyeonbae: ne, jal isseoyo. Abeoji, saehae bok mani badeuseyo.

2002, Clare You, Eunsu Cho, Intermediate College Korean, page 133

Hyeonbae: Yes, it s very good. Happy New Year , Dad.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

hyeonbae: ne, jal isseoyo. Abeoji, saehae bok mani badeuseyo .

an expression wishing one the best in a new year; Happy New Year


선장

[sʰʌ̹ɲd͡ʑa̠ŋ]

Sino-Korean word from 船長, from 船 (“ship”) + 長 (“leader”)


증권

[t͡ɕɯŋk͈wʌ̹n]

Sino-Korean word from 證券, from 證 (“evidence”) + 券 (“document”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.


직후

Sino-Korean word from 直後, from 直 (“direct”) + 後 (“after”)

'이사벨라'만이 수상 직후에 영화사 CNS엔터테인먼트가 산 작품.

2006 September 13, Hong Seong-Rok, “영화제 수상작 꼬리표는 흥행에 독(毒)?”, in Hankook Ilbo

Only Isabella was bought by the movie company CNS Entertainment immediately after getting an award.

Isabella mani susang jikhue yeonghwasa CNSenteoteinmeonteuga san jakpum.


입학

Sino-Korean word from 入學, from 入 (“enter”) + 學 (“school”).

여러분, 입학통지서가 왔어요. 우리 재동이 학교에 가요.

I got the admission letter, all of you. My [son] Jaedong will go to school.

Yeoreobun, iphaktongjiseoga wasseoyo. Uri jaedong'i hakgyoe gayo.


재판

Sino-Korean word from 裁判, from 裁 (“cut”) + 判 (“judge”)


차량

[t͡ɕʰa̠ɾja̠ŋ]

택배 차량

차량 간 접촉사고

외부 차량 주차 금지


베트남어

베트남 (beteunam, “Vietnam”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


처방

[ˈt͡ɕʰɘ(ː)ba̠ŋ]


호텔

hotel (establishment providing accommodation)


파자마

난 파자마를 입고 있어.

pajamas (clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in)


호박

First attested in the Yeogeo yuhaebo (譯語類解補 / 역어유해보), 1775, as Early Modern Korean 호박 (Yale: hwopak), probably from 호(胡) (ho-, “barbarian”) + 박 (bak, “gourd”) because it was introduced from Qing China, which was considered barbaric by the Koreans (Jang 2008, p. 264). The long vowel is irregular, however. Other words with the prefix, e.g. 호(胡)주머니 (hojumeoni, “pocket”) and 호(胡)떡 (hotteok, “pancake”), have an initial short vowel.


이도

Ido (artificial language reformed from Esperanto)


아이티

information technology
information technology

(technology) IT (information technology)


아랍어

아랍 (arap, “Arab”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


어깨뼈

[ʌ̹k͈ɛp͈jʌ̹]

[ʌ̹k͈e̞p͈jʌ̹]


샐러드

[s͈e̞ɭɭʌ̹dɯ]

Coordinate term: (proscribed, chiefly Japanese-style) 사라다 (sarada)

(chiefly Western-style) salad (a food made primarily of a mixture of raw ingredients, typically vegetables)


크메르어

[kxɯme̞ɾɯʌ̹]

크메르 (keumereu, “Khmer”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).

Khmer (the national language of Cambodia)


오줌

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 오좀〮 (Yale: wòcwóm).


아이누어

아이누 (ainu, “Ainu”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


집사람

Of native Korean origin. From 집 (jip, “house”) + 사람 (saram, “person”). See also 계집 (gyejip).


마누라

First attested in the Samgang haengsildo (三綱行實圖 / 삼강행실도), 1511, as Middle Korean 마노라 (Yale: manwola), originally with the meaning of "master; superior person". The sense transferred to women in particular, being used to translate Mandarin 太太 (tàitai, “Mrs; wife”) in eighteenth-century sources, then underwent pejoration.

ko-etym-native

(humble) wife (married woman) [from 19th c.]

wife (married woman) [from 19th c.]
wife (married woman)


타밀어

타밀 (tamil, “Tamil”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


공군

Sino-Korean word from 空軍, from 空 (“air”) + 軍 (“military”).


슬로바키아어

[sʰɯɭɭo̞ba̠cçia̠ʌ̹]

슬로바키아 (seullobakia, “Slovakia”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


슬로베니아어

[sʰɯɭɭo̞be̞nia̠ʌ̹]

슬로베니아 (seullobenia, “Slovenia”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


요정

Sino-Korean word from 妖精, from 妖 (“supernatural”) + 精 (“spirit”)


진주

Sino-Korean word from 眞珠/珍珠 (眞珠 / 珍珠, “pearl”).

pearl (round shelly concretion from oysters)


요구르트

drinking yogurt (a milk-based product thickened by a bacterium-aided curdling process)


가죽

First attested in the Seonggwanjajaegusuyukja seonjeong eonhae (聖觀自在求修六字禪定諺解 / 성관자재구수육자선정언해), 1560, as Middle Korean 가족 (Yale: kàcwòk). Also attested in the Eonhae taesan jibyo (諺解胎産集要 / 언해태산집요), 1608, as Early Modern Korean 가죽 (Yale: kacwuk).
Probably a doublet of Middle Korean 갗 (kach, “skin, leather”).


초등학교

chodeunghakgyo (romanization)
初等學校 (hanja)

[t͡ɕʰo̞dɯŋɦa̠k̚k͈jo]