ate

From Proto-Philippine [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay.


pat

Inherited from Proto-Philippine [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqət.


abu

From Proto-Philippine *qabu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(q)abu(s), from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.


anak

From Proto-Philippine *anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.


nana

From Proto-Philippine [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nanaq, from Proto-Austronesian *naNaq.


lima

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *lima, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lima, from Proto-Austronesian *lima.


apat

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


isa

From Proto-Northern Luzon *isa, *əsa, from Proto-Philippine *isa, *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *isa, *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *isa, *əsa.


salita

Borrowed from Old Malay (compare modern Malay cerita (“tale”)), from Sanskrit चरित (carita, “course of life”).


tud

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS.


Ian

Borrowed from English Ian, from Scottish Gaelic Eóin.


mata

From Proto-Philippine *mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mata, from Proto-Austronesian *maCa.


iki

From monophthongization of Proto-Central Luzon *ikuy (cf. Sambali ikoy), from Proto-Philippine *ikuʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *ikuʀ.


labi

Ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *labiq.


api

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *hapúy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.


api

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ. Compare Tagalog apog.


anam

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ənəm, from Proto-Austronesian *ənəm.


siku

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siku, from Proto-Austronesian *sikux.


nasi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nasi. Compare Malay nasi, and Old Javanese nasi.


pitu

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pitu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pitu, from Proto-Austronesian *pitu.


apu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu, from Proto-Austronesian *apu. Compare Ilocano apo, Tagalog apo, Cebuano apu, Malay empu, and Cebuano umpu. Also possibly from Hokkien 阿婆 (a-pô, “paternal grandmother”).

bor

grandparent
term of address for one's grandparents

Apu Lusya


kaka

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaka (“elder sibling of the same sex”), from Proto-Austronesian *kaka (“elder sibling”). Compare Tagalog kaka.


daya

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀaq, from Proto-Austronesian *daʀaq.


pusu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pusuq. Compare Tagalog puso and Ilocano puso.


angin

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *haŋin, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *haŋin.


kutsara

/kʊˈt͡ʃaɾəʔ/

[kʊˈt͡ʃäː.ɾəʔ]

Borrowed from Spanish cuchara (“spoon”).


utak

→ Tagalog: utak


bengi

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀŋi. Compare Bikol Central banggi, Southern Catanduanes Bicolano banggi, and Javanese ꦮꦼꦔꦶ (wengi).


koya

University of Santo Tomas#Libraries and archives

Borrowed from Hokkien 哥仔 (*ko-iá) as per Chan-Yap (1980) with an older obsolete form of the diminutive suffix as a weak form of 囝 (kiáⁿ, káⁿ). Cognates with Tagalog kuya and Cebuano kuya.

a respectful title or form of address for an older man


lukluk

Compare Tagalog lumuklok (“sit on a throne”).


betis

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bətíʔəs, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bətiəs, from Proto-Austronesian *bətiəs.


banua

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *banua (“inhabited land”). Compare Cebuano banwa and Tagalog banwa.


ualu

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *walu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *walu, from Proto-Austronesian *walu.


aldo

From earlier aldau, from Proto-Central Luzon *ʔaldaw, from Proto-Philippine *qaljaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaləjaw. Compare Bikol Central & Ilocano aldaw, Cebuano adlaw and Tagalog araw.


bagang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bagəqaŋ (“molar tooth”).


addua

From Proto-Philippine *duha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


angkla

ángkla (canonical)
mag- (affix)
angkla (root)
actor

pam-infl-table

angkla

Borrowed from Spanish ancla, from Latin ancora, from Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura).


tsismosa

Borrowed from Spanish chismosa, from chisme + -osa, from cisma, from Latin schisma, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”).


pisngi

From Proto-Philippine *pis(e)ŋí (“cheeks”).


amian

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qamihan, from Proto-Austronesian *qamiS.

cold dry season between October and February


abagat

Borrowed from Tagalog habagat, from Proto-Philippine *habaʀat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *habaʀat, from Proto-Austronesian *Sabaʀat.


pusad

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pusəj (cf. Tagalog pusod, Malay pusat).


bituka

From Proto-Philippine *bituka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bituka, from Proto-Austronesian *biCuka.


kebaitan

(medicine) birth (The act of being born)


pamuntuk

I Rodrigo Duterte, iya pin ing kasalungsungang pamuntuk ning Pilipinas.

Rodrigo Duterte is the current president of the Philippines.


aslagan

[əsˈläː.ɡən]


atlu

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *təlu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təlu, from Proto-Austronesian *təlu.


arung

From Proto-Northern Philippine *qaʔjuŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ə(ŋ)juŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *ujuŋ. Compare Ilocano agong.


lintik

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *rintik (“steady dripping, as of sweat or drizzling rain”). Compare Javanese rintik, and Malay rintik.


apulu

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *puluq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puluq, from Proto-Austronesian *puluq.


sapatus

Borrowed from Spanish zapatos, zapato (“palisade”).


ugtu

Compare Bikol Central udto, Hiligaynon ugtu and Cebuano udto.


arsobispo

Borrowed from Spanish arzobispo (“archbishop”).


atsi

a respectful title or form of address for an older woman


ngusu

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *ŋusuq. Compare Bikol Central nguso and Tagalog nguso.


abias

From Proto-Philippine *bəʀas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀas, from Proto-Austronesian *bəʀas. Cognates with Tagalog bigas, Cebuano bugas, and Malay beras.


gayuma

Compare Tagalog gayuma. See also Cebuano gugma (“love”).


bakulud

From Proto-Philippine *bakúlud (“stoney plateau”). Compare Ilocano bakulod, Tagalog bakood, Hanunoo bakulod, Bikol Central bakulod, Aklanon bakueod, Cebuano bakulod, Hiligaynon bakolod, Maranao bakolod, and Tausug bakūd.

inh

highland plain; plateau (rocky high ground, usually surrounded by lowlands from which it stands out)


kuwaho

Borrowed from Hokkien, exactly which word is uncertain, but possibly from 看好 (khòaⁿ, hó͘, literally “look, yeah!”) or 看虎 (khòaⁿ hó͘, literally “watching the tiger”) (compare khanhoo). Compare the cognates Tagalog kuwaho and Spanish cuajo.

(card games) cuajo (a kind of gambling card game consisting of 144 cards played by three or four players)


tangsu

Possibly an abbreviated form of Hokkien 青銅色／青铜色 (chhiⁿ-tâng-siak, “bronze color”) or Hokkien 銅索 (tâng-soh, literally “copper wire”). Compare Tagalog tanso.


karayum

→ Tagalog: karayom

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *daʀum, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.


nanung pilawe-lawe mu

(rhetorical question, somewhat hostile) expresses discomfort because the interlocutor is looking at something; usually, this is said when the interlocutor has been staring at the speaker


kiling

Bambusa vulgaris
Bambusa vulgaris#Translingual


bangke

From Proto-Philippine *baŋkay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baŋkay. Compare Bikol Central bangkay, Hiligaynon bangkay, Tagalog bangkay, and Indonesian bangkai.


atian

From Proto-Philippine *tian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian, from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN. Compare Tagalog tiyan.


kastuli

Borrowed from Sanskrit कस्तूरी (kastūrī).

bor+

Abelmoschus moschatus
Abelmoschus moschatus#Translingual

abelmosk; musk mallow (Abelmoschus moschatus)


pinanari

From pinan (“loincloth”) + ari (“king”). It's also possible that the second element is from Malay hari (“day”). Compare Tagalog bahaghari.


arobu

Borrowed from Spanish adobo (“delicacy of marinated meat”). Compare Tagalog adobo.

adobo (Philippine dish), usually substituting salt for soy sauce


katauan

From tau + ka- -an. Compare Tagalog katawan.


asuang

From Greater Central Philippine *aswang (“witch”). Compare Tagalog aswang, Cebuano aswang, Hiligaynon aswang, and Malay ason (“evil spirit of the night”).

(folklore, mythology) aswang (shapeshifting evil creature in Philippine mythology)


uaua

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *wáqwaq (“mouth of a river”). Compare Tagalog wawa, Cebuano wawa, Aklanon wawa, Kankanaey wawa, Yami wawa (“sea”).

inh+

river mouth; river confluence; river estuary


panaun

From pa- + naun. Compare Tagalog panahon.


taklang-batuin

From takla (“dung”) + batuin (“star”). Compare Tagalog taeng-bituin.


Sulungdagis

From sulu (“torch; lamp; light”) + dagis (“mouse; rat”). Compare Tagalog Tanglaw-Daga and Ilaw-Daga.


bulalako

From Proto-Philippine *bulalakaw (“shooting star; kind of spirit”). Cognate with Tagalog bulalakaw (“meteor”).


Tagalug

[təˈɡäː.luɡ]


aluntiang

[ə.lʊnˈt͡ʃäŋ]


patipati

Ultimately from Sanskrit पारापत (pārāpata, “pigeon”).


uali

From Proto-Philippine *waji (“sibling”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huaji (“younger sibling of the same sex; younger parallel cousin of the same sex”), from Proto-Austronesian *Suaji (“younger sibling”). Compare Malay adik.


Mal a Aldo

Literally, “Valued Day(s)”. Compare Tagalog Mahal na Araw.


gubiernu

Borrowed from Spanish gobierno (“government”).


talauk

From Proto-Philippine *taraquk, doublet of *taʀaquk.

(onomatopoeia) cock-a-doodle-doo; cry of a rooster


Ibpa Mi

From the incipit of the Kapampangan translation of the Lord's Prayer.
Literally, “Our Father”.


tsismosu

Borrowed from Spanish chismoso, from chisme + -oso, from cisma, from Latin schisma, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”).


taggiang

Tagalog: tadyang

From Proto-Austronesian *tagəʀaŋ. Compare Ibatan taglang, and Pangasinan taglang.


kesiap

Borrowed from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”, literally “pickled fish juice”). Compare Indonesian kecap, English ketchup, Tagalog ketsap, Malay kicap, Dutch ketjap.

fish sauce (a fish brine byproduct from making bagoong, used as an ingredient or condiment in the Philippines)


Banal a Espiritu

Partial calque of Spanish Espíritu Santo (“Holy Spirit”), from Latin Spīritus Sānctus (“Holy Spirit”), calque of Ancient Greek Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον (Pneûma tò Hágion, literally “Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit”).

der

Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον


begukan

From bagukan + -i-, from baguk (“brine; pickle”) + -an. Literally, “that which is put in brine”.

A sautéed pork dish of the Philippines, flavoured with shrimp paste.


kasua

Borrowed from Hokkien 虼蚻 (ka-choa̍h, “cockroach”). Compare Indonesian kecoak / kacoa, Thai กะจั๊ว (gà-júua).