o

Borrowed from Tagalog o. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English o.

The name of the Latin-script letter o/O.


i

Borrowed from English ee, the English name of the letter E/e.

The name of the Latin-script letter E/e.


tao

act of laying in, setting in, putting in, inserting


tao

(of the neck) state of being curved, bent, crooked


eng

ong

Banaao, Cadad-anan, Cagubatan, Dacudac, Lenga, Pandayan


bus

state of abundance/plentifulness of water (in wells, rivers, etc.)


baba

Eugenia mananquil Blanco (a myrtaceous tree with an edible fruit)


baba

Laggera alata (a common composite herb with pinkish flowers)


poo

stump, stub, block, base of trees and plants

largest of the pigs being butchered in a feast

act of directing something to someone first


bes

act of looking the clothes of a dead person

beh

Bun-ayan, Pingad, Bao-angan, Camatagan, Napua, Gayang, Capinitan, Busa, Namatec


tali

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *talih, from Proto-Austronesian *CaliS.


anak

From Proto-Philippine *anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.

child (a female or male child, a daughter or son)


sedem

period from afternoon until evening; sundown


aba

act of carrying on the back, usually a child with a carrying blanket (eban)


singa

act of making up, stirring up, poking (of fire)


tala

An edible bird with white, black, and brown plumage, long tail, kills smaller birds, and mimics the singing of other birds.


oo

act of collecting rice and wood for the otop


logan

Pig-an logan ko ya din kalgak?

How much is the ride for myself and my cargo?


aso

From Proto-Philippine *asu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *asu, from Proto-Austronesian *asu.


titi

rainwater leaking from the roof or eaves


mata

From Proto-Philippine *mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mata, from Proto-Austronesian *maCa.


pago

Borrowed either directly from Spanish pago or through Ilocano pago.


amano

From Spanish jugar mano a mano (“to play even”).


gitara

Borrowed either directly from Spanish guitarra or through Ilocano gitara.


tanga

act of holding something in the mouth or on the teeth


ili

(Baguio) homeland, referring to Mountain Province


pitsa

Borrowed either directly from Spanish fecha or through Ilocano petsa.

Limapolo ya dowa ay agew din naamagan di alad, et nakdeng sin pitsa 25 di bowan ay Elul.

2000 & 2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, Kalin Diyos, Translators Association of the Philippines, Inc., →ISBN, Nehemiah 6:15:


pako

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paku, from Proto-Austronesian *pahəku (“bracken; edible fern that grows by rivers”).

inh

a small fern-like plant found along riverbanks


ey

Borrowed from Tagalog ey, from English ay, the English name of the letter A/a.

The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.


ey

act of carrying, transporting, moving, going


ito

Lygodium, twining ferns, used in manufacturing hats


labi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀabiqi, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀabiqi.


haba

saba

Tambingan, Supang, Data, Lagan, Losad, Poblacion


diket

rice cake, typically wrapped in banana leaves


apo

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

A respectful term of address to a person of higher rank or position; sir, madam


itlog

[ʔi̞t̚ˈloɡ̚]

[ʔi̞t̚ˈroɡ̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qitəluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qiCəluʀ.


mangga

Borrowed from Malay mangga, from a Dravidian source, possibly Malayalam മാങ്ങ (māṅṅa), Tamil மாங்காய் (māṅkāy), or Telugu మామిడికాయ (māmiḍikāya).

cog

Tamil மாங்காய் (māṅkāy)

mengga

Batney, Batayan, Duagan, Lubon, Mabalite, Masla, Sumadel


langit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋit, from Proto-Austronesian *laŋiC.


otak

[ˈʔoː.tʌk̠̚]


bato

From Proto-Philippine *batu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batu, from Proto-Austronesian *batu.


manok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *manuk, from Proto-Austronesian *manuk.


danom

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *danum, from Proto-Austronesian *daNum.

Ipeg-as ko pay nan danom. : I'll bless you with water.

Benguet Kankana-ey blessing, quoted in the Saint Louis University Research Journal, volumes 31-32, page 61

Mawada di mangalsig sin danom ta maitken din danom sin liboo ed kayang sin danom ay wada sin daga.

2000 & 2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, Kalin Diyos, Translators Association of the Philippines, Inc., →ISBN, Genesis 1:6:

Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.


ina

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

a relationship between the speaker and any female relative at the first ascending generation


ina

(specifically) the mother of the speaker


lumut

From Proto-Philippine *lumut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumut.


kapi

Mankapi tako imun-una saka ta agtrabaho.

Let's have some snacks first before we work.


anes

a type of bamboo used for making baskets


pota

act of cutting, slashing, gashing (of flesh or meat)


anglis

state of being small (of bundles of palay)


utek

[ˈʔuː.tɨk̠̚]

[ˈʔoː.tɨk̠̚]


anido

act of gathering around a fireplace to warm up during cold weather


bado

Borrowed from Malay baju (cf. Tagalog baro), ultimately from Classical Persian بازو (bāzū, “upper arm”).


sukat

the exchange of gifts between the spouses before a wedding


daga

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀat (“littoral sea”).


tudo

a kind of yellow camote with few dark-colored leaves


baskit

Idi bokatana din baskit ay sana, inila na et din moyang ay man-og-oga, isonga naseg-angan sisya. Kanana, “Anak baw di Hebreo na.”

2000 & 2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, Kalin Diyos, Translators Association of the Philippines, Inc., →ISBN, Exodus 2:6:


depa

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəpah, from Proto-Austronesian *dəpah.

a unit of measurement from the tip of the middle finger of the left hand to the tip of the middle finger of the right hand.


panga

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *paŋa.


olas

Borrowed either directly from Spanish horas or through Ilocano oras.


dilaw

act of destroying, ruining, rooting (a field)


titit

Tan adi ka ammo yan bigla ay tomayaw din pilak mo ay kaman din titit ay agila.

2000 & 2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, Kalin Diyos, Translators Association of the Philippines, Inc., →ISBN, Proverbs 23:5:


ligat

difficulty; hardship (as of a task or action)

Ta badangam dakami
Mansulbar si ligatmi

2017, Diocese of Baguio, “Dios Ama Ay Say Apo”, in Aweng Rambak: Hymnal of the Diocese of Baguio (overall work in English, Tagalog, Ilocano, and Kankanaey), Baguio: Diocese of Baguio:

So that you will help us
That will solve our sufferings


baybay

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *baybáy.


bayo

pounding, husking (with mortar and pestle, of rice and coffee or others)


gigit

a kind of fine, close basketwork made with narrow strips of rattan


tinidor

Borrowed either directly from Spanish tenedor or through Ilocano tinidor.


soka

Mabalin abe ay ammosan din awaknas alcohol ono soka.

1976, Jovita Atayoc, Rafael Guerzon, Julio Tatpiec, Pasigeden di Biyag [For a Better Way of Life] (overall work in Kankanaey, Tagalog, and English), Summer Institude of Linguistics - Philippines, Inc.:

It is also possible to apply alcohol or vinegar on their body.


benga

reporting, telling, relating, announcing, proclaiming


botos

Borrowed either directly from Spanish votos or through Ilocano botos.


supun

gifts that a married couple receives on their wedding


yot

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *qiut. Compare Ilocano iyot.


bilang

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *bilaŋ (“to count, calculate; hold valuable”).


aklat

[ʔʌk̠̚ˈlʌt̚]

[ʔʌk̠̚ˈrʌt̚]


pokpok

Superseded, pre-2016 spelling of pukpok.


pulis

act of being a leader in superstitions, heathen sacrifices, witchcraft, sorcery, etc.


senga

(Pidlisan, Sagada) an offering ritual wherein pig & chicken meat is distributed, participating in a wake all night, and ends with a breakfast.


pekpek

[pɨk̠̚ˈpɨk̠̚]


calis

Borrowed from Ilocano calis or Spanish cáliz.

Nu kanenmi nan tinapay

2017, Diocese of Baguio, “Acclamacion [Acclamation]”, in Aweng Rambak: Hymnal of the Diocese of Baguio (overall work in English, Tagalog, Ilocano, and Kankanaey), Baguio: Diocese of Baguio, page 178

When we eat this bread
And drink this chalice


mema

momma; betel nut plus other ingredients (like gawed and apog) for chewing


guyabano

Borrowed either directly from Spanish guanábano or through Ilocano guyabano.


akak

[ˈʔaː.k̠ʌk̠̚]


gangsa

a shallow hand-held copper or brass gong, extensively used in dances


bansa

A small scaffolding, consisting of four erect sticks with cleft wood on top of them. During the bayas sacrifice, it is fixed up in the house yard to carry a hog's head.


atep

From Proto-Philippine *qatəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatəp.

roof (the cover at the top of a building)


babai

babái (canonical)
babbai (plural)
babae (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bahi, from Proto-Austronesian *ba-bahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi (“woman, female”).

inh

lalaki ya babai : man and woman


Igorot

Borrowed from Tagalog Igorot or Ilocano Igorot.

Igorot; Cordilleran (indigenous inhabitant of the Luzon Cordillera mountain ranges in the Philippines)


udan

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *qudán (“rain”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quzan (“rain”), from Proto-Austronesian *quzaN (“rain”).


tangkal

From Proto-Philippine *taŋkal (“coop, as for chickens; pen, as for pigs”).


wao

eight days of strong rain, usually in August


anito

Intoloy Jesus ay nangiarig, “Mo komaan di anito ay kinmapet si ipogaw, en manlikliked sin kabatbatoan ay magay danom na ay man-anap si pan-illengana. Et mo magay datngana

2000 & 2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, Kalin Diyos, Translators Association of the Philippines, Inc., →ISBN, Matthew 12:14:


gawed

act of fixing, fastening (with a tight rope)


pilak

Borrowed from Malay pirak, obsolete form of perak, from Proto-Malayic *pirak, possibly of Khmeric origin.


lamok

From Proto-Philippine *lamuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ñamuk, *lamuk.


paypay

a ritual right before a burial to have space from the spirits that reside on the burial site

a ritual to return a wandering soul from abroad into the body of a sick person

a practice that farmer parents do to speak to their infant's soul to not get left behind on the field

a practice that insulted girls do wherein a prayer/curse is put on a stone or chicken


libang

act of turning around (i.e. to attack from behind)


libang

trail of a cow or carabao, especially ones to access a rice terrace


dagom

From Proto-Philippine *daʀum, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.


wagwag

act of removing a fish from an ugat trap

(by extension, colloquial) clothes bought at a wagwagan


sigarilyo

Borrowed either directly from Spanish cigarrillo or through Ilocano sigarilio.


daing

a kind of song and dance performed on a solemn feast or sacrifice


sipit

pliers, pincers, nippers, pinchers, tongs, tweezers

stick or reed split at one end to receive a horizontal crosspiece


tatang

From Philippine Spanish tata (“daddy”) + -ng (diminutive suffix).


tawen

From Proto-Austronesian *CawiN (“year”) (a term mostly reflected in Formosan languages).


gayang

large-billed crow (Corvus macrorhynchos)


gayang

act of throwing, casting, launching (like of rocks)


gambang

widely flared lidless cooking pot, used at feasts to boil large chunks of meat


balili

Juncus effusus
Juncus effusus#Translingual


agsapa

[ʔʌɡ̚ˈsaː.pʌ]

[ʔʌɡ̚ˈhaː.pʌ]


nanang

From Philippine Spanish nana (“mommy”) + -ng (diminutive suffix).


lamot

From Proto-Philippine *ʀamut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀamut (“fibrous roots”).


patang

act of placing something on top of another


nuwang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanuaŋ, ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *qaNuaŋ.


gege

San layadmo, adim tapian si gëgë
San layad sin pusom, adim dadaëlën

2014 September 7, “Tet-ewa Ay Layad”, performed by Jeffrey Ettie:


padanga

(Buguias, Kibungan, Bakun, Mankayan, Kapangan) shoulder


pukpok

act of cleaning by rubbing or wiping away; brushing off with repeated movements


dayag

act of surrounding, encircling, enclosing


alabong

alabóng (canonical)
allabong (alternative)


kapes

act of bringing forward, giving as an argument, putting in mind, reminding of


ngalawngaw

[ŋʌˈlaʊ̯.ŋaʊ̯]

[ŋʌˈraʊ̯.ŋaʊ̯]


oling

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qujiŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *qujiŋ.


ok-ok

[ˈʔok̠̚.ʔok̠̚]

Isosoyop ono ibabaktad. Bomadang din soyop ya illeng ay mangaan sin ok-ok ono panateng. Adi bomalbala.

[Let the person] sleep or lie down. Sleeping and lying down helps in the relief of cough and colds. Do not go out.


pinikpikan

From pikpik (“beat”) + -in- + -an, referring to the way the live chicken is prepared by being patted to death.

An Igorot chicken dish with singed feathers


songsong

sóngsong (canonical)
songsóng (canonical)


gabgab

[ˈɡʌb̚.ɡʌb̚]


ngadan

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *ŋájan, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋajan, from Proto-Austronesian *ŋajan.

Amami ay wadad daya

2017, Diocese of Baguio, “Amami”, in Aweng Rambak: Hymnal of the Diocese of Baguio (overall work in English, Tagalog, Ilocano, and Kankanaey), Baguio: Diocese of Baguio


otek

ótëk (canonical)
utek (alternative)
otok (alternative)
otak (alternative)
etek (alternative)

[ˈʔuː.tɨk̠̚]

[ˈʔoː.tɨk̠̚]


ayon

act of falling, prostrating, throwing down, tumbling down


andap

→ Tagalog: andap

frost, ice, snow (cover of small ice crystals)


luplupak

Lilium philippinense
Wikispecies:Lilium philippinense


liblib

act of walking sideways; on the side of something


aaw

(Bauko) a ceremony at the beginning of a harvest, wherein a bundle of palay is hung and a chicken is killed

(Besao) a holiday (obaya) at the end right after the palay harvesting season


tokod

a vertical post to support an elevated house

Idi siya di, kanan Samson sin anak ay mangitaktakkay en sisya, “Ipakapay mon sak-en din tokod ay nananggen isnan beey tan laydek ay mansadag.”

2000 & 2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, Kalin Diyos, Translators Association of the Philippines, Inc., →ISBN, Judges 16:26:

a pillar for supporting a larger structure


amugas

[ʔʌˈmuː.ɡʌs]

[ʔʌˈmuː.ɡʌh]

act of wiping, rubbing, cleaning, cleansing


iskowila

Borrowed either directly from Spanish escuela or through Ilocano eskuela.


dobolyu

Borrowed from Tagalog dobolyu, from English double-u, the English name of the letter W/w.

The name of the Latin-script letter W/w.


uyek

[ˈʔuː.jɨk̠̚]


tiagew

[ˈtjaː.ɡɨʊ̯]

Superseded, pre-2016 spelling of tiyagew.


dalalo

a kind of small beads resembling hailstone


Barlig

[ˈbʌɾ.li̞ɡ̚]

[ˈbʌɾ.ri̞ɡ̚]

Mountain Province
Mountain Province#English

a municipality of Mountain Province, Philippines


lomeng

(Busa) leftover stem of wheat after pounding.

(Sagada) pig pen; a shallow pit enclosed with stones and boulders intended as a pig pen.


lemlem

(Besao, Tadian) typhoon, continuous rain


panagbenga

season of blooming (of plants and flowers)


tapey

tápëy (canonical)
tatapey (plural)
tapuy (alternative)
tapuey (alternative)


apey

Sína et (kanó) kanán: "intó san naŋáam sinán apéy ay nay et?" "Dinteŋko san apéy siná."

1972, Morice Vanoverbergh, “Kankanay Religion (Northern Luzon, Philippines)”, in Anthropos, volume 67, number 1/2 (in Kankanaey), Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, page 76:

Then (they say) he says: "Where did you get this fire?" "I found the fire here."


bebeey

[bɨˈbɨː.ʔɨi̯]


pewek

[ˈpɨː.wɨk̠̚]

Idi pomigpigsa din pewek, kanan da en Jonas, “Sinoy amagen mi en sik-a ta somaldeng din pewek?”

2000 & 2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, Kalin Diyos, Translators Association of the Philippines, Inc., →ISBN, Jonah 1:11:

When the typhoon was becoming stronger, they said to Jonah, “What are we going to do with you so that the typhoon will stop?”


peg-as

a ritual after a burial to signify the beginning of a new life among the family of the deceased.


dap-ay

a meeting place wherein meetings of the council of elders of a community are taken place

the people or families that are part of a community


luek

[ˈluː.ʔɨk̠̚]

[ˈruː.ʔɨk̠̚]


ngalis

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: a fictitious body part.


ngalis di aso

From ngalis (unknown meaning) + di (“of”) + aso (“dog”).

compound

ŋális di áso, sabsáben di gálut

1972, Morice Vanoverbergh, “Kankanay Religion (Northern Luzon, Philippines)”, in Anthropos, volume 67, number 1/2 (in Kankanaey), Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, page 91:

a saying/prayer/formula that is said when a rainbow appears to avoid its baneful influence


layew

(agriculture) part of a crop field that is always wet


payew

(agriculture) crop field; rice paddy; rice terrace


Upper Bauko

Meronyms: Sinto, Mount Data, Monamon Sur, Monamon Norte, Sadsadan, Mabaay, Tapapan

a group of barangays in Bauko, Mountain Province, Philippines


tongtong

(playground games) a line traced on the ground where children start their play


markan di pigsa

From marka (“mark”) + -n + di (“of”) + pigsa (“loud, strength”). Calque of Tagalog tandang padamdam.

(typography) exclamation point; exclamation mark


markan di saludsod

From marka (“mark”) + -n + di (“of”) + saludsod (“question”). Calque of Tagalog tandang pananong.


dayyakus

a kind of daing that is only for the celebration of successful headhunters.


ayugga

[ʔʌ.jʊɡ̚ˈɡa]

a kind of daing wherein the tempo is much quicker


pusase

a spinning top whose center is broader/fatter than the rest


pauting

a spinning top whose center is thinner/narrower than the rest


ngipap

a dot or mark on the ground left by a spinning spinning top


begnas

a week-long community thanksgiving/offering ritual


pus-ik

an annual two-day public sacrifice/ritual


pis-it

a ceremony on the night before a pus-ik wherein a chicken is sacrificed and a prayer is recited on an aklat


pakde

A public sacrifice held several times a year. Several pigs are sacrificed in the morning under a tree, then the favorable meat is divided and distributed among the town (called pasing).

A religious ceremony wherein the approaches to the home are blocked to prevent disturbance from passers-by.


Ag-aganney

[ʔʌɡ̚.ʔʌ.ɡʌnˈnɨi̯]

[ʔʌɡ̚.ʔʌ.ɡʌnˈnɨi̯]

Kanán (kanó) san ipugáw: / áyka ta alám san inabém ay nay, / ta adíka tiwtiwaddanán san sikík ay nay, / ta makaakáan, / tusá, nabutabútaka, / énka ta kumáanka, / ta uméyka 'd baéyyo ay Ag-agannéy.

1972, Morice Vanoverbergh, “Kankanay Religion (Northern Luzon, Philippines)”, in Anthropos, volume 67, number 1/2 (in Kankanaey), Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, page 86:

The man says (they say): / come and take this cloth you wove, / and do not make these legs of mine sore unawares, / so that they keep safe, / be off, you cannot see for the dirt in your eyes, / go away, / and go to your house, Ag-agannéy.

(folklore) A mischievious weaver spirit. It sits on roadsides while weaving and hit the legs of passers-by with a balliga, thereby attributing it as the cause of tumors and other leg illnesses of travelers.


sagawsaw

[sʌ.ɡaʊ̯ˈsaʊ̯]

[hʌ.ɡaʊ̯ˈhaʊ̯]

(Bauko) a dog sacrifice to cure sicknesses

(Sagada) a community ceremony/festival to drive away evil spirits

a ceremony for luck before starting a journey

a cleansing ceremony when one becomes insane


bagawas

a prayer for farmers to call out groups of spirits to come and bless their crops


kaap-apoan

[k̠ʌ.ʔʌp̚.ʔʌp̚ˈwʌn]

[k̠ʌ.ʔʌp̚.ʔʌ.poˈʔʌn]


ngawingew

[ŋʌˈwi̞ː.ŋɨʊ̯]


panangiam-ammo

From panang- + i- + ammo (“know”) with reduplication.


kaman-atep

From kaman + atep, literally "roof-like".


kaman-ruwangan

From kaman + ruwangan, literally "door-like".


kaman-ruangan

Superseded, pre-2016 spelling of kaman-ruwangan.


kaman-nangu

From kaman + nangu, literally "dried-like".


kaman-naum

From kaman + naum, literally "ripe-like", referring to fruits that turn yellow when ripe.


tiyagew

tiyagëw (canonical)
tiagew (alternative)

[ˈtjaː.ɡɨʊ̯]


aluban

(used only in tales) husband, wife, spouse


alongso

(used only in songs) husband, wife, spouse


abagan

[ʔʌˈbaː.ɡʌn]


takkin di talaw

From takki (“poop”) + -n + di (“of”) + talaw (“star”)


dusdusnug

Setaria italica
Setaria italica#Translingual

a variety of foxtail millet (Setaria italica)


songala

(headhunting) act of hanging a human head in a basket


ap-apo

[ʔʌp̚.ʔʌˈpo]


balliga

a tablet used for tightening the thread when weaving


gedwan di kali

From gedwa (“half, split”) + -n + di + kali (“word”).


ong-ong

madman, lunatic, maniac, rattlehead, madcap, fool, idiot

mad, crazy, foolish, senseless, insane, stupid, silly


ladingit

ladíngit (canonical)
ladladingit (plural)


yutik-en

(used only in songs) The meaning of this term is uncertain.


gimong

(Catholicism) A chapel or church that is under the jurisdiction of a parish, typically in rural areas.


palpal-iking

palpal-íking (canonical)
palpal-ikíng (canonical)
pagpag-iking (alternative)
ik-ikking (alternative)


pappaunnos

pappa-unnos (alternative)
papa-unus (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)
pappaonos (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)


pappaonos

pappaónos (canonical)
pappa-unnos (alternative)
papa-unus (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)
pappaunnos (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)


pappa-unnos

pappaunnos (alternative)
papa-unus (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)
pappaonos (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)


papa-unus

pappa-unnos (alternative)
pappaunnos (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)
pappaonos (alternative)
papaunus (alternative)


tedtedekan

tëdtëdë́kan (canonical)
tedtedekkan (alternative)


tedtedekkan

tëdtëdë́kkan (canonical)
tedtedekan (alternative)


gawgawaan

gawgawaán (canonical)
gawgawa-an (alternative)
gawaan (alternative)

[ɡaʊ̯.ɡʌ.wʌˈʔʌn]


gawgawa-an

gawgawa-án (canonical)
gawgawaan (alternative)
gawaan (alternative)

[ɡaʊ̯.ɡʌ.wʌˈʔʌn]


gawaan

gawaán (canonical)
gawgawa-an (alternative)
gawgawaan (alternative)


taean

[tʌˈʔɨː.ʔʌn]


akombaian

Superseded, pre-2016 spelling of akombaiyan.


taw-en

From Proto-Austronesian *CawiN (“year”) (a term mostly reflected in Formosan languages).


ab-aba

[ʔʌb̚.ʔʌˈba]


gel-ang

The equal half-half share of domesticated animals between the owner and the raiser.


ayot

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *qiut. Compare Ilocano iyot.

bodily fluid (from the vulvo-vaginal glands)


obob

act of placing a fish trap at the opening of an eel hole


ginigit

a kind of fine, close basketwork made with narrow strips of rattan


ngongo

act of resounding (like of a bell after being rung)


pasing

act of distributing meat (like in a pakde in exchange for oo)


wadag

synonym of pasing (act of distributing meat)


akhew

[ˈʔʌk̠̚.heʊ̯]


akombaiyan

akombaíyan (canonical)
akombaian (alternative)


ludoy

ludóy (canonical)
lodoy (alternative)
luduy (alternative)


kayeg

[ˈk̠aː.jɨɡ̚]


yegyeg

(of laughter) immoderate, suffocating, excessive


peay

Aganosma acuminata (an apocynaceous shrub with white flowers)


anchokos

Borrowed either directly from Spanish anteojos or through Ilocano antsokos.


keplew

[k̠ɨp̚ˈlɨʊ̯]

[k̠ɨp̚ˈrɨʊ̯]


sig-ay

[si̞ɡ̚ˈʔai̯]

[hi̞ɡ̚ˈʔai̯]