느

From Middle Korean 너 (nè). Cognate to Korean 너 (neo).

second-person singular pronoun; you (informal)


굴묵낭

Zelkova serrata
Zelkova serrata#Translingual


쒜

From Middle Korean 쇠〮 (swóy). Cognate with Korean 쇠 (soe).

쒤 눽이다

쒤 두드리다

쒜처리 쒜 눽연 마께로 두드렷다.

The blacksmith melted the iron and then struck it with a hammer.

Sswecheori sswe nwegyeon makke-ro dudeuryeotda.

진거사가 혈 안 터질 만이만 박안 놔둬신디 그걸 건드려 부난 여시 등이 터젼, 집 다 짓언 쒜를 빤 보난 피가 벌겅케 ᄇᆞᆯ라젼 이서십주.

2015 May 17, “집안 망치젱 하는 여시 죽고…김씨 하르방 가문이 발복 [jiban mangchijeng haneun yeosi jukgo…gimssi hareubang gamuni balbok]”, in 제민일보 [jeminilbo]

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Jin'geosaga hyeol an teojil maniman bagan nwadwosindi geugeol geondeuryeo bunan yeosi deung-i teojeon, jip da jideon sswereul ppan bonan pi-ga beolgeongke bawllajeon iseosipju.

걸륭쒜

direction pointing between good & evil in feng shui

뜬쒜

very flexible and soft iron that never breaks

쒜공이

a nickname given to feeble babies to encourage them to be as strong as iron

쒜공젱이

a nail driven into something to hang/post something else

홍예쒜

iron embedded in the front of a saddle like a rainbow


할망

Compare Korean 할매 (halmae), 할머니 (halmeoni).


가시아방

From 가시 (gasi, “wife's”) + 아방 (abang, “father”). Cognate with Korean 가시아버지 (gasiabeoji).

com

가시아방은 어디 갓수과?


아방

Presumably from Middle Korean 아비〮 (àpí) with a fixed suffix *앙 (*-ang). Compare 어멍 (eomeong), 하르방 (hareubang), 할망 (halmang).
Cognate with Korean 아비 (abi)

Coordinate term: 어멍 (eomeong)

Near-synonyms: (honorific) 아바지 (abaji), (very honorific) 아바님 (abanim), 아벰 (abem)

어멍 아방


어멍

Presumably from Middle Korean 어〮미 (émì) with a fixed suffix *엉 (*-eong). Compare 아방 (abang), 하르방 (hareubang), 할망 (halmang).
Cognate with Korean 어미 (eomi)

Coordinate term: 아방 (abang)

Near-synonyms: (honorific) 어멤 (eomem), (for animals) 어시 (eosi), 어머니 (eomeoni)

어멍 아방

어멍은 베 고팡 죽곡, 아인 베 터졍 죽나.
Eomeong-eun be gopang jukgok, ai-n be teojeong jungna.
A mother will always put her child's needs above her own.

literally, “A mother dies of hunger while her child dies with a full stomach.”

우리 어멍은 나가 아는 사름 중에 질 착ᄒᆞᆫ 사름입데다.

My mother is the nicest person that I know.

Uri eomeong-eun na-ga aneun sareum jung-e jil chakhawn sareumipdeda.

어멍 아방 죽엉은에 어떵 살코?

2009, ^제주문화예술재단 [Jejumunhwayesuljaedan], ^개정증보 제주어사전 [Gaejeongjeungbo jejueosajeon], ^제주특별자치도 [Jejuteukbyeoljachido], page 614

How can I live without my mother and father?

Eomeong abang jugeong'eune eotteong salko?

아이고, 숙이 어멍아 정신 ᄎᆞᆯ리라…… 이디서 영 ᄒᆞ멍 안 뒌다! 나가 지신디 못 헤 준 게 핫인디…… 메날 술 먹언 니 속만 타게 헷인예!

2018 December 17, KBS제주 [KBSjeju], 18:49 from the start, in 어멍의 바당 [eomeong'ui badang, My Mother's Sea], episode 11, spoken by 아방 [abang] (고정민 [gojeongmin]), YouTube

Ahh, my wife (Sook-i's mother), please get better…… You can't do this here! There's so much that I couldn't do for you… I only made you worried with drinking every day!

Aigo, sugi eomeong-a jeongsin chawllira…… Idi-seo yeong hawmeong an dwenda! Na-ga ji-sindi mot he jun ge hasindi…… Menal sul meogeon ni song-man tage hesinye!

강 보난 어멍 아방 말 ᄀᆞᆯ아ᇝ이멘.

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo: The Language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, 3.1: Informal Sentence Enders Compatible with Both Statements and Questions, page 171

When I went (there), I saw mother and father talking.

Gang bonan eomeong abang mal gawramsimen.

구시월 수가지 먹젱 ᄒᆞ민 어멍 셍각에 목 단졍 못 먹나

gusiwol sugaji meokjeng hawmin eomeong senggage mok danjeong mot meongna

One's mother will always be in one's mind

궃이나 망장 나 어멍 시민 고운 어멍 엇어도 산다게

guchina mangjang na eomeong simin goun eomeong eoseodo sandage

Even if my mother is bad, as long as I have her, I don't need anyone else

그 아방에 그 아ᄃᆞᆯ, 그 어멍에 그 ᄄᆞᆯ

geu abang'e geu adawl, geu eomeong'e geu ttawl

like father like son, like mother like daughter

나 어멍은 그리는 애기 놈은 주난 종으로 본다

na eomeong'eun geurineun aegi nomeun junan jong'euro bonda

A precious baby to one's mother, but a slave to someone else

봉ᄉᆞ광 애기 어멍은 ᄀᆞ물수록 좋나

bongsawgwang aegi eomeong'eun gawmulsurok jonna

아의어멍

mother of a child; term used to refer to one's wife

애기 어멍 쿰은 닷 뒈, 애기 업게 쿰은 ᄒᆞᆫ 말

aegi eomeong kumeun dat dwe, aegi eopge kumeun hawn mal

어멍ᄀᆞ라 ᄀᆞᆯ은 말은 나곡, 쉐ᄀᆞ라 ᄀᆞᆯ은 말은 안 난다

eomeonggawra gawreun mareun nagok, swegawra gawreun mareun an nanda

어멍은 베 고팡 죽곡, 아인 베 터졍 죽곡

eomeong'eun be gopang jukgok, ain be teojeong jukgok

어멍은 좁ᄊᆞᆯ만씩 빌엉 오민, 아ᄃᆞᆯ은 ᄆᆞᆯ똥만씩 먹나

eomeong'eun jopssawlmanssik bireong omin, adawreun mawlttongmanssik meongna

A mother will always put her child first

유월 물이 그립덴 헤도 어멍보단 더 안 그립나

yuwol muri geuripden hedo eomeongbodan deo an geurimna

One misses one's mother more than anything

젓어멍

one who makes the food on wedding day; wet nurse

족은어멍

father's younger brother's wife; father's youngest brother's wife

지서멍

wife (humble); a steady wife who governs the affairs of the family

할망 콩죽으로 안 살앙 어멍 젯으로 산다

halmang kongjugeuro an sarang eomeong jeseuro sanda

A mother will always be there for her child


사름

From Middle Korean 사〯ᄅᆞᆷ (sǎlòm), from Old Korean 人音 (*SALOm). Cognate to Korean 사람 (saram).


음묵

→ Korean: 음목 (eummok)


드르쓰다

[tɨɾɨs͈ɨda̠]


족다

Of native Jeju origin. Cognate to Korean 작다 (jakda).


제집

(Seogwipo, offensive or archaic) woman, girl


두덥다

head

두덥다 (dudeopda) (infinitive 두더완 or 두더왕, sequential 두더우난)

dudeopda (romanization)
두더완 (infinitive)
두더왕 (infinitive)
두더우난 (sequential)

Cognate with Korean 두껍다 (dukkeopda), and presumed to derive from Middle Korean 둗겁다 (twutkepta), but the exact derivation is unclear.

Near-synonym: 훍다 (hukda, “to be thick (of a long object)”)

(to be) thick (of something flat, like a book or a slice of meat)


옺

Cognate with Korean 오이 (oi), possibly cognate with Japanese 瓜 (uri, “gourd, squash, melon”); compare other terms in the Japonic family, such as Kikai 瓜 (ui) and Yoron 瓜 (ui).


첵

Sino-Korean word from 冊. Cognate to Korean 책 (chaek).


ᄒᆞᆫ저옵서예

ᄒᆞᆫ저 (hawnjeo, “quickly”) + 오— (o-, “to come”) + 읍서 (-eupseo, “imperative suffix”) + 예 (ye)

com

welcome (greeting given upon someone's arrival)


ᄇᆞ름

Cognate with Korean 바람 (baram), possibly from 風 (OC *plum, *plums).


ᄉᆞ랑

From Middle Korean ᄉᆞ라ᇰ (solang). Cognate with Korean 사랑 (sarang).


제주사름

From 제주 (jeju, “Jeju”) + 사름 (sareum, “person”).


한국사름

From 한국 (han'guk, “Korea”) + 사름 (sareum, “person”).


송키

From Jurchen; see Korean 푸성귀 (puseonggwi) for more.


졍찰

/t͡ɕjəŋt͡ɕʰa/

Sino-Korean word from 警察, from Japanese 警察 (keisatsu).


소내아의

Cognate with Korean 사내아이 (sanaeai), from 소나이 (sonai, “man (adult male human)”) + 아의 (aui, “child”).


지집아의

Cognate to Korean 계집아이 (gyejibai), from 지집 (jijip, “woman”) + 아의 (aui, “child”).


가메

Cognate with Korean 가마 (gama), Possibly cognate with Japanese 窯 (かま, kama, “kiln; oven; cauldron”).


ᄋᆢᄃᆞᆸ

From Old Korean *ᄋᆢᄃᆞᆲ (*yotolp), see more at Korean 여덟 (yeodeol).


ᄒᆞᆨ교마당

From ᄒᆞᆨ교 (hawkgyo, “school”) + 마당 (madang, “yard”).


천ᄌᆞ국

[t͡ɕʰəɲd͡ʑɒɡuk̚]

Sino-Korean word from 天子國, from 천ᄌᆞ (cheonjaw, “Emperor”) + 국 (guk, “country; state; nation”).


ᄉᆞ투리

(linguistics) dialect (variety of a language)


-우다

Declarative suffix for sentence-final verbs in the informal-polite speech level.


ᄒᆞ나

From Middle Korean ᄒᆞ낳 (honah). Possibly related to Old Korean 一等 (*HOton(h), *HAton(h)). Cognate with Korean 하나 (hana).

ᄒᆞ나도 몰르다

가: 할아방신디서 무사 혼난?
나: 요조즘은 저를젼 그지게 도렌 일 ᄒᆞ나토 ᄒᆞ진 아니헷이난.
Ga: Harabang-sindiseo musa honnan?
na: yojojeum-eun jeoreuljeon geujige doren il hawna-to hawjin anihesinan.
A: Why did Grandpa scold you?
B: I've been so busy today that I didn't do any of the work that he asked me to do two days ago.

(only in the negative, with 도 (-do) or 토 (-to)) (even a) small amount


-아ᇝ-

Yang-vowel form of 어ᇝ (-eom-, continuous aspect-marking suffix)


-어ᇝ-

continuous aspect
continuous aspect#English

Suffix indicating the continuous aspect of a verb not in the past tense. For action verbs, it is largely equivalent to English "is... ing"; for stative verbs/adjectives, it has an inchoative meaning equivalent to "to become...; to begin to be...".


아옵

(parts of Jeju City, most of Seogwipo) nine

parts of Jeju City; most of Seogwipo; parts of Jeju City; most of Seogwipo


비헹기

Sino-Korean word from 飛行機. Cognate to Korean 비행기 (bihaenggi).


ᄌᆞ영거

ᄌᆞ영개 ᄌᆞ영개#Jeju

Josu and Gasi form of ᄌᆞ영개 (jawyeonggae, “bicycle”)


벵완

Sino-Korean word from 病院. An orthographic borrowing from Japanese 病(びょう)院(いん) (byōin) and cognate with Korean 병원 (byeong'won).

(South Korean law) a medical facility capable of handling 30 or more patients at a time


가재이

Of native Jeju origin. Cognate to Korean 가지 (gaji).


설룬

Of native Jeju origin. Cognate to Korean 서른 (seoreun).


마은

Likely borrowed from Early Modern Korean 마은 (maun), from earlier Middle Korean 마ᅀᆞᆫ (mazon). The traditional reflex would have preserved a /s/ in the second syllable, creating Jeju *마슨 (*maseun) from a reconstructed Old Korean *마ᄉᆞᆫ (*MASON), provided that it's not a borrowing. However, this form is completely unattested in the Hangul script. Cognate with Korean 마흔 (maheun).


벡

table
Sino-Korean word from 白 (“white”). Cognate with Korean 백 (baek).


빨강ᄒᆞ다

head

빨강ᄒᆞ다 (ppalganghawda) (infinitive 빨강헨 or 빨강헹 or 빨강ᄒᆞ연 or 빨강ᄒᆞ영, sequential 빨강ᄒᆞ난)

ppalganghawda (romanization)
빨강헨 (infinitive)
빨강헹 (infinitive)
빨강ᄒᆞ연 (infinitive)
빨강ᄒᆞ영 (infinitive)
빨강ᄒᆞ난 (sequential)

[p͈a̠ɭɡa̠ŋɦɒda̠]

Of native Jeju origin. Tense form of 발강ᄒᆞ다 (balganghawda, “to be red”), likely from Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆰ다 (polkta, “to be red”) + 앙 (-ang, “sequential suffix”) + ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hota, light verb whence modern ᄒᆞ다 (hawda)). Compare Jeju ᄇᆞᆰ다 (bawkda, “to be bright”). Cognate with Korean 빨갛다 (ppalgata).

okm-l

light verb whence modern <i class="Kore mention" lang="jje">ᄒᆞ다</i> (hawda)

빨강ᄒᆞ다:

봄읜 빨강ᄒᆞᆫ 고장이 하영 피나.

Bom-uin ppalganghawn gojang-i hayeong pina.


거여미

Of native Jeju origin. Cognate with Japanese 蜘蛛 (kumo).


선승

Sino-Korean word from 先生. Cognate to Korean 선생 (seonsaeng).


영등ᄃᆞᆯ

From 영등 (yeongdeung) + ᄃᆞᆯ (dawl, “month”).


-읍서

이거 먹읍서.


김끼

kimchi, a dish made with fermented, seasoned vegetables


시금초

/ʃiɡɨmt͡ɕʰo̞/


ᄆᆞ실

From Middle Korean ᄆᆞᅀᆞᆶ (mòzòlh). Cognate with Korean 마을 (ma'eul).


마눌

Alternative form of 마농 (manong, “garlic”)


복성게

/po̞k̚s͈əŋɡe̞/


참웨

the Korean melon, (Cucumis melo Makuwa Group) or its fruit.


무신거

Univerbation of 무신 (musin) + 거 (geo). Formed similarly to Korean 무엇 (mueot), originally a contraction of Middle Korean 므스〮 + 것.


ᄂᆞ단-

This word has no clear internal etymology and may preserve an old Koreanic root for "right-side" that was displaced by modern Korean 오른 (oreun), which was derived from the adjective 옳다 (olta, “to be correct”).


새벡

dawn; daybreak; cockcrow (also used to indicate time of the day, approximately from 1:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m.)


장그르헤

/t͡ɕa̠ŋɡɨɾɨhe̞/


그지게

day before yesterday
day before yesterday


ᄋᆢ름

Of native Jeju origin. Cognate with Korean 여름 (yeoreum).


베치

From Middle Korean ᄇᆡ〯ᄎᆡ〮 (pǒychóy), borrowed from Early Mandarin 白菜 (EM *pajᴸᴸtsʰajᴰ) in the 13th century. Cognate with Korean 배추 (baechu).

lang

뜻도 모르고 자주 쓰는 우리말 어원 500가지

뜻도 모르고 자주 쓰는 우리말 어원 500가지

어멍 베치만 먹으렌 ᄀᆞᆯ아라.

베치 싀 페기

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 89


성님

From 성 (seong, “older brother of a male”) + 님 (nim, “honorific suffix”).

com

honorific of 성 (seong, “older brother of a male”)


고랑챙이

/ko̞ɾa̠ŋt͡ɕʰɛŋi/


이로후제

the time following a given point in time; thenceforth


물궤기

Compound of 물 (mul, “water”) + 궤기 (gwegi, “meat”). Cognate with Korean 물고기 (mulgogi).


ᄀᆞ을

Likely borrowed from Early Modern Korean ᄀᆞ을 (koul), from Middle Korean ᄀᆞᅀᆞᆶ (kozolh), from earlier Old Korean 秋察 (*KOsol, *KOcol). The traditional reflex would have preserved the original /s/ as seen in doublets ᄀᆞ슬 (gawseul) and ᄀᆞ실 (gawsil). Cognate with Korean 가을 (ga'eul).

bor+

ᄀᆞ슬 ᄀᆞ슬#Jeju

Synonym of ᄀᆞ슬 (gawseul, “autumn, fall”)


오널

From Middle Korean 오ᄂᆞᆯ〮 (wònól), from 온〮 (Yale: wón, “which has come”, adnominal form of "to come") + Proto-Koreanic *hoL (“day”), etymologically "day that has come". Cognate with Korean 오늘 (oneul).

okm-inline

오널은 나가 할망칩이 갓수다.

할망이 오널 산더레 가큰옌 들어라.

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 246

Grandma asked (me) whether I want to go to the grave today.

Halmang-i oneol san-deore gakeunyen deureora.


조선ᄀᆞᆫ장

/t͡ɕo̞sʰənɡɒɲd͡ʑa̠ŋ/

From 조선 (joseon, “Korea”) + ᄀᆞᆫ장 (gawnjang, “soy sauce”).


왜ᄀᆞᆫ장

[wæɡɒnd͡ʑa̠ŋ]

From 왜 (wae, “Japanese”) + ᄀᆞᆫ장 (gawnjang, “soy sauce”).


놀래

Cognate with Korean 노래 (norae), see there for more.


읏다

to have none; (to be) lacking; (to be) nonexistent


ᄆᆞ슴

From Old Korean 心音 (*MOSOm). This reflex preserves the /s/ as found in the Old Korean form and southern Modern Korean dialects, compared to its doublet ᄆᆞ음 (maweum), which was borrowed directly from Early Modern Korean. Cognate with Korean 마음 (ma'eum).


ᄎᆞᆷ지름

/t͡ɕʰɒmd͡ʑiɾɨm/


ᄑᆞᆺ

Of native Jeju origin. Cognate with Korean 팥 (pat).

Vigna angularis
Vigna angularis#Translingual

the red bean or azuki bean, Vigna angularis.


-ㅂ주

지슬 줏입주.

Hortative suffix for sentence-final verbs in the formal speech level.


둠비

Sino-Korean word from 豆腐 (“bean curd, tofu”), obscured via nasal epenthesis and vowel fronting. Cognate with Korean 두부 (dubu).

ko-etym-sino

둠비는 ᄃᆞᆺᄃᆞᆺᄒᆞᆯ 때 먹어사 제 맛이 납주.

You need to eat tofu when it is hot for its full flavor.

Dumbi-neun dawtdawthawl ttae meogeosa je mas-i napju.

큰일 땐 둠비 헤여사 ᄒᆞ여.

2009, 제주문화예술제단 [jejumunhwayesuljedan], 개정증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeongjeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 284

When there is a big event, we need to make tofu.

[...] 둠비 듬상듬상 썰어놘 짐치찌겔 낄린거 보난 [...] 니치름이 잘잘 납데다게.
[[...] 둠비 듬상듬상 썰어 놘 짐치찌갤 끌린 거 보난 [...] 니치름이 잘잘 납데다게.]
[...] dumbi deumsangdeumsang sseoreo nwan jimchijjigael kkeullin geo bonan [...] nichireum-i jaljal napdedage.

2020 June 4, 김신자 [gimsinja], “양, 도세기만도 못ᄒᆞᆫ 성님아, 어드레 감수과? [yang, dosegimando mothawn seongnima, eodeure gamsugwa?]”, in 제주어는 보물이우다 14. 돗걸름 내는 날 [jejueoneun bomuriuda 14. dotgeolleum naeneun nal], 제민일보 [jeminilbo]

Seeing the Kimchi stew with large pieces of tofu … made my mouth water.


-으키여

늴도 눈 왓이민 좋으키여.

It would be nice if it snowed tomorrow too.

허리 ᄇᆞ딴 못 입으키여.

2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], “ᄇᆞ뜨다² [bawtteuda²]”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 475

미진: 특별ᄒᆞᆫ 일이 엇이민 아시날에 와시민 좋으키여. [……] 기여. 오랜만의 친척 어룬덜도 보곡 느도 꼭 참석ᄒᆞ여시민 좋으키여.
Mijin: Teukbyeolhawn ir-i eosimin asinar-e wasimin jo-eukiyeo. [……] Giyeo. Oraenman-ui chincheok eorun-deol-do bogok neu-do kkok chamseokhawyeosimin jo-eukiyeo.

2012 August 23, 문순덕 [munsundeok, Moon Soon-deok], 오승훈 [oseunghun, Oh Seung-hun], “VI. 전통문화 [VI. jeontongmunhwa, Traditional Culture]”, in 원종섭 [wonjongseop, Won Jong-sup], transl., edited by (주)컴퍼스미디어 [(ju)keompeoseumidieo, Compass Media Ltd.], 제주어와 영어로 ᄀᆞᆮ는 제주 이야기: A Guide to Jeju Spoken in the Language of Jeju and English, 제주발전연구원 [jejubaljeonyeon'guwon]: 양영오 [yang'yeong'o, Yang Young-oh], archived from the original on 2023-01-27, 가문잔치: “아시날에 와시민 좋으키여” [gamunjanchi: “asinare wasimin joeukiyeo”], page 183

Mijin: I would like you to come a day earlier, if you can. […] That’s right. I’d like you to come and say hello to our relatives and elders at the gamunjanchi.

으키어 -으키어#Jeju

(proscribed) Alternative form of 으키어 (-eukieo, “assertive or speculative suffix in the plain form”)


께다

to break; to smash; to shatter, to crack


예관

Sino-Korean word from 旅館. Cognate with Korean 여관 (yeogwan).


싱싱ᄒᆞ다

[ɕʰiŋɕʰiŋɦɒda̠]

Cognate with Korean 생생하다 (saengsaenghada).


-더레

to (in the direction of, and arriving at)


ᄂᆞᆺ빗

an expression of feeling, especially a facial expression


웨하르방

From 웨 (we, “outside”) + 하르방 (hareubang, “grandfather”).

com

maternal grandfather
maternal grandfather


ᄃᆞᆨ

From Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆰ (tòlk). Cognate with Korean 닭 (dak).


ᄁᆞ늘다

thin, slender (of something long and thin, like a thread or a stick)


독ᄆᆞᄅᆞᆸ

/to̞ŋmɒɾɒp̚/


-마씨

Alternative form of 마씸 (-massim, polite particle)


싸분

From Portuguese sabão. Compare Japanese シャボン (shabon).


ᄉᆞ훼

Sino-Korean word from 司 (“control”) + 會 (“gathering”). Cognate with Korean 사회 (sahoe).


ᄆᆞ츰내

/mɒt͡ɕʰɨmnɛ/


퀘끼리

코끼리 코끼리#Jeju

(Nohyeong, Josu, Inseong, Gimnyeong, Gasi) Alternative form of 코끼리 (kokkiri, “elephant”)


노끄다

노프다 노프다#Jeju

Alternative form of 노프다 (nopeuda, “to be high”)


깝

깝이 언메우꽈?


ᄊᆞᆯ칩

/s͈ɒʎt͡ɕʰip̚/


술칩

From 술 (sul, “alcohol”) + 집 (jip, “house”).


셍일날

[sʰeŋiɭɭa̠ɭ]

셍일 (seng'il, “birthday”) + 날 (nal, “day”).

com

느 셍일날 어느제고? — 구월 수무ᄒᆞ루마씸.

Neu seng'illal eoneuje-go? - Guwol sumuhawru-massim.


노프다

From Middle Korean 높다〮 (nwòphtá). Cognate with Korean 높다 (nopda).


얘펜

Sino-Korean word from 阿片. Cognate with Korean 아편 (apyeon).


인ᄉᆞᆷ

ginseng (any of several plants, of the genus Panax)


ᄀᆞ를

From Middle Korean ᄀᆞᄅᆞ (kolo). Cognate with Korean 가루 (garu).


칭계

/t͡ɕʰiŋɡje̞/


바당ᄇᆞ름

From 바당 (badang, “sea”) + ᄇᆞ름 (bawreum, “wind”).


ᄉᆞᆯ므다

/sʰɒːɭmɨda̠/


하니ᄇᆞ름

From 하니 (hani, “north wind”) + ᄇᆞ름 (bawreum, “wind”).


ᄉᆞ실

Sino-Korean word from 事實. Cognate with Korean 사실 (sasil).


쉣ᄇᆞ름

/ɕʰwe̞t̚p͈ɒɾɨm/


서답ᄒᆞ다

From 서답(洗踏) (seodap, “laundry”) + ᄒᆞ다 (hawda, “to do”). Cognate with Korean 세답하다 (sedaphada).

af

서답ᄒᆞ여보라!

어느제 서답헷이멘?


다리웨

From Middle Korean 다리우리 (taliwuli). Cognate to Korean 다리미 (darimi).


ᄌᆞᆷ자다

Univerbation of ᄌᆞᆷ (jawm) + 자다 (jada), literally “To sleep a sleep”. Compare Korean 잠자다 (jamjada).

univ

ᄒᆞ를헤원 쉬지 아니ᄒᆞ곡 일만 ᄒᆞ단 집이 들어오라근에 말 읏이 기냥 방이 간 밤ᄉᆞ이 죽은 듯기 ᄌᆞᆷ잡데다게.

After working all day with no rest, she came home, just went to her room without saying a word, and slept all night like a baby.

Hawreulhewon swiji anihawgok il-man hawdan jib-i deureoorageune mal eusi ginyang bang-i gan bamsawi jugeun deutgi jawmjapdedage.

(intransitive) for a few days to pass after an event

(by extension) for a stack of objects to stabilize

for a few days to pass after an event
for a stack of objects to stabilize

(by extension) for a swollen object to settle

for a few days to pass after an event
for a swollen object to settle


ᄈᆞᆯ레ᄒᆞ다

[p͈ɒɭɭeɦɒda̠]

ᄈᆞᆯ레 (ppawlle) + ᄒᆞ다 (-hawda, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs). Ultimately from Middle Korean ᄲᆞᆯ〮다〮 (spóltá) + the suffix 애 (-ay). Doublet of ᄈᆞᆯ다 (ppawlda). Cognate with Korean 빨래하다 (ppallaehada).


젯가락

/t͡ɕe̞t̚k͈a̠ɾa̠k̚/


고맙수다

Formal polite indicative non-past form of 고맙다 (gomapda, “to be thankful”).


글ᄌᆞ

A letter or character of a writing system.


벨멩

Sino-Korean word from 別名. Cognate with Korean 별명 (byeolmyeong).


ᄌᆞ봄

Equivalent to ᄌᆞᆸ (jawp-, “to pinch, to grab”) + 음 (-eum, “nominalizer”), but the vowel in the second syllable and the shape of the word suggest that this word is an older formation.
Most likely cognate with Middle Korean 져봄〮 (cyèpwóm, “pinch”). The alternation between Jeju ᄌᆞᆸ다 (jawpda) and Middle Korean *졉다〮 (*cyèptá) hints at a pre-15c. Middle Korean form *ᄌᆢᆸ다〮 (*cyòptá), prior to the merger of /yo/ into /ye/; for another possible example of a similar alternation, see ᄌᆞ물다 (jawmulda).


궤다

head

궤다 (gweda) (infinitive 궨 or 궹 or 궤연 or 궤영, sequential 궤난)

gweda (romanization)
궨 (infinitive)
궹 (infinitive)
궤연 (infinitive)
궤영 (infinitive)
궤난 (sequential)

table
From Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆸ다 (kopta). Cognate with Korean 괴다 (goeda).

(intransitive) to pool, for water to gather up


전상

[t͡ɕənsʰa̠ŋ]

Probably a Sino-Korean word from 前生, from 前 (“former”) + 生 (“life”), reflecting the Buddhist belief that one's present destiny and livelihood are determined by the karma incurred in the previous incarnation.

ko-etym-sino

삼공은 전상ᄃᆞ리뒈옵니다... 모진 전상 내풀리고 조은 전상 일루와 주저 살려옵서.

Samgong is the governor of jeonsang... May you descend to blow away evil jeonsang and to give us good jeonsang.

Samgong'eun jeonsangdawridweomnida... Mojin jeonsang naepulligo jo'eun jeonsang illuwa jujeo sallyeoopseo.

fortune; destiny; said to be governed by the goddess Samgong


뽕끄랑ᄒᆞ다

[p͈oŋk͈ɨɾa̠ŋɦɒda̠]


과랑과랑

/kwa̠ɾa̠ŋɡwa̠ɾa̠ŋ/


반착

[pa̠ɲt͡ɕʰa̠k̚]


ᄃᆞᆺᄃᆞᆺᄒᆞ다

Cognate with Korean 따뜻하다 (ttatteuthada).


ᄄᆞ뜻ᄒᆞ다

[t͈ɒt͈ɨtʰɒda̠]


ᄋᆢ라분

ladies and gentlemen
ladies and gentlemen

(addressing a group of people) ladies and gentlemen; everybody


남인가장

Sino-Korean word from 男人家長. From 남인 (namin, “man”) + 가장 (gajang, “the head of a family”)


ᄂᆞ잡다

From Middle Korean ᄂᆞᆽ다〮 (nòctá). Cognate to Korean 낮다 (natda).


ᄆᆞᆫ딱

From Middle Korean 모도 (mwotwo). Cognate to Korean 모두 (modu).


모도

Cognate with Middle Korean 모도〮 (mwòtwó), Korean 모두 (modu). From 몯 (mwot-, “to gather”) + 오 (-wo, adverbializer).


동공ᄄᆞᆯ

/to̞ŋɡo̞ŋt͈ɒɭ/


동공아덜

/to̞ŋɡo̞ŋadəɭ/


아덜

Coordinate term: ᄄᆞᆯ (ttawl)


ᄄᆞᆯ

Coordinate term: 아덜 (adeol)


동공아ᄃᆞᆯ

/to̞ŋɡo̞ŋadɒɭ/


맛싯다

/ma̠ɕɕ͈ʰit̚t͈a̠/


멩질

/me̞ːŋd͡ʑiɭ/


퍼렁ᄒᆞ다

[pʰəɾəŋɦɒda̠]


ᄎᆞ츰ᄎᆞ츰

[t͡ɕʰɒt͡ɕʰɨmt͡ɕʰɒt͡ɕʰɨm]


엥그리다

/e̞ŋɡɨɾida̠/


손지

Sino-Korean word from 孫子. Cognate with Korean 손자 (sonja).


들랑들랑

/tɨɭɭa̠ŋdɨɭɭa̠ŋ/


찰락찰락

/t͡ɕʰa̠ɭɭa̠k̚t͡ɕ͈ʰa̠ɭɭa̠k̚/


새헤

From 새 (sae, “new”) + 헤 (he, “year”). Cognate with Korean 새해 (saehae).


하늘님

From 하늘 (haneul, “heaven”) + 님 (-nim, honorific suffix).


얼망얼망

[əɭma̠ŋəɭma̠ŋ]


타글락타글락

[tʰa̠ɡɨɭɭa̠k̚tʰa̠ɡɨɭɭa̠k̚]


하위염ᄒᆞ다

Of native Jeju origin. From 하위염 (hawiyeom) + ᄒᆞ다 (hawda).


ᄎᆞᄎᆞ

/t͡ɕʰɒt͡ɕʰɒ/


꺼멍ᄒᆞ다

Of native Jeju origin. The tense form of 거멍ᄒᆞ다 (geomeonghawda).


ᄒᆞᆷ치

From Middle Korean ᄒᆞᆫᄢᅴ〮 (hònpskúy). Cognate to Korean 함께 (hamkke).


까망ᄒᆞ다

Of native Jeju origin. The tense form of 가망ᄒᆞ다 (gamanghawda).


정싕

[ˈt͡ɕəːŋɕʰiŋ]


얼금심금

/əɭɡɨmɕʰimɡɨm/


장게들다

/t͡ɕa̠ŋɡe̞dɨɭda̠/

From 장게 (jangge, “marriage”) + 들다 (deulda, auxiliary verb).


-으쿠다

a suffix indicating intention will; intend


엇다

to have none; (to be) lacking; (to be) nonexistent


어스럼새벨

[əsʰɨɾəmsʰæbeɭ]


-부떰

(generally) Used to show when or where an action or situation started.


-ᄁᆞ장

ᄁᆞ장 (canonical)
-kkawjang (romanization)

ᄁᆞ지 -ᄁᆞ지#Jeju


ᄆᆞᆯ랑ᄆᆞᆯ랑ᄒᆞ다

[mɒɭɭa̠ŋmɒɭɭa̠ŋɦɒda̠]

[ᄆᆞᆯ랑ᄆᆞᆯ랑ᄒᆞ다]


-으멍

From Middle Korean 으〮며셔〮/ᄋᆞ〮며셔〮 (Yale: -úmyèsyé/ómyèsyé). Cognate to Korean 으면서 (-eumyeonseo).

okm-l

-으〮며셔〮/ᄋᆞ〮며셔〮

as, while, at the same time (that), with, between, during


웨국

Sino-Korean word from 倭國, literally “dwarf country”.


ᄌᆞ주

From Middle Korean ᄌᆞ조〮 (còcwó). Cognate to Korean 자주 (jaju).


ᄀᆞᆸ

ᄀᆞᆸ치지당 보난 더 범벅만 되라.
Gawpchijidang bonan deo beombeongman doera.

We tried to sort things out, but it only made more a mess.


부름씨ᄒᆞ다

From 부름씨 (bureumssi, “errand”) + ᄒᆞ다 (hawda, “to be”).


심바람ᄒᆞ다

Cognate with Korean 심부름하다 (simbureumhada).


아벰

From 아방 (abang, “father”) + 님 (nim, “honorific suffix”).


홀아방

widower (a man whose wife has died and who has not remarried)


씨아방

/ɕ͈ʰia̠ba̠ŋ/


씨동승

/ɕ͈ʰido̞ŋsʰɨŋ/

brother-in-law (younger brother of one's husband)


홀어멍

widow (a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried)


매비

brother-in-law (younger sister's husband)


족은어멍

/t͡ɕo̞ɡɨnəməŋ/

maternal uncle (mother's married younger brother)


성제

Sino-Korean word from 兄弟. Cognate with Korean 형제 (hyeongje).


족은아방

/t͡ɕo̞ɡɨna̠ba̠ŋ/

paternal uncle (father's married younger brother)


성하르방

/sʰəŋha̠ɾɨba̠ŋ/

From 성 (seong) + 하르방 (hareubang, “grandfather”).

com

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather


씨아주방

/ɕ͈ʰia̠d͡ʑuba̠ŋ/

brother-in-law (brother of one's husband)


야이

Contraction of 이 아이 (i ai, “this kid”). Cognate with Korean 얘 (yae).

야인 미나네 아ᄃᆞᆯ이여.

야이 일름 순자라.

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo: the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 95

야인 느네 ᄉᆞᆫ지고?

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo: the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 196


만뒤떡

mandu, a form of dumpling in Korean cuisine


안침

/a̠ːɲt͡ɕʰim/


사름수질

A kind of Korean dessert made with sugar, rice, and powdered beans.


빈내

Alternative form of 빈네 (binne, “hairpin”)


줴께

From Japanese チョッキ (chokki), from Portuguese jaqueta. Cognate with Korean 조끼 (jokki).


베조개

/pe̞d͡ʑo̞ɡɛ/

Manila clam, Tapes philippinarum (edible clams; often cooked with rice congees in Korea)


새끼손가랑

/sʰɛk͈isʰo̞nɡa̠ɾa̠ŋ/


경ᄒᆞ다

head

경ᄒᆞ다 (gyeonghawda) (infinitive 경헨 or 경헹 or 경ᄒᆞ연 or 경ᄒᆞ영, sequential 경ᄒᆞ난)

gyeonghawda (romanization)
경헨 (infinitive)
경헹 (infinitive)
경ᄒᆞ연 (infinitive)
경ᄒᆞ영 (infinitive)
경ᄒᆞ난 (sequential)

경 (gyeong, “like that”, adverb) + ᄒᆞ다 (-hawda, verb). Compare Korean 그렇다 (geureota).

compound

경ᄒᆞ당은 큰일난다.

2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], “경ᄒᆞ다 [gyeong-hawda]”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 61

If you keep doing that, there'll be a huge issue.


큰어멍

큰 (keun-, “eldest, first-born”) + 어멍 (eomeong, “mother”). Compare Korean 큰어머니 (keuneomeoni).

셋어멍

father's second brother's wife (of three or more)

족은말젯어멍

father's fourth brother's wife (of five);father's fifth brother's wife (of six)

큰말젯어멍

father's third brother's wife (of five or more)

Near-synonym: (usually honorific) 큰어머니 (keuneomeoni)

Coordinate term: 큰아방 (keunabang)

Comeronyms: 고모 (gomo, “father's sister”), 이모 (imo, “mother's sister”), (honorific) 웨숙모 (wesungmo, “mother's brother's wife”), 예펜웨삼춘 (yepenwesamchun, “mother's brother's wife”)

잇날 다슴애기 ᄄᆞᆯ ᄒᆞ나 ᄃᆞᆯ안. 큰어멍 죽어 부난 큰어멍에도 ᄄᆞᆯ이 ᄒᆞ나 싯고 족은어멍에도 ᄄᆞᆯ을 ᄒᆞ나 ᄃᆞᆯ안 와신디.

2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], “다슴애기 [daseum-aegi]”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 216

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Innal daseumaegi ttawl hawna dawran. Keuneomeong jugeo bunan keuneomeong'edo ttawr-i hawna sitgo jogeuneomeong-e-do ttawr-eul hawna dawran wasindi.

게도 잊어불도 안ᄒᆞ연 우리 어멍광 큰어멍이 ᄒᆞᆫ디 불러가민 의좋은 동세찌리 보기가 잘도 좋아나십주. 지금은 아랫동세가 ᄆᆞ녀 저 시상이 가부난 큰어멍 혼차 ᄀᆞ레 ᄀᆞ는 소릴 중은중은 흥으려가멍 정기떡을 멘들아마씀.

2017 October 27, 김신자 [gimsinja], “정기떡 [jeonggitteok]”, in 제주어보전회 제주어는 보물이우다134 [jejueobojeonhoe - jejueoneun bomuriuda134, Jeju Preservation Society], archived from the original on 2021-10-21

Gedo ijeobuldo anhawyeon uri eomeong-gwang keuneomeong-i hawndi bulleogamin uijoeun dongse-jjiri bogi-ga jaldo joanasipju. Jigeum-eun araetdongse-ga mawnyeo jeo sisang-i gabunan keuneomeong honcha gawre gawneun soril jung'eunjung'eun heung'euryeogameong jeonggitteog-eul mendeura-masseum.

(uncommon) aunt (father's older brother's wife)

aunt (father's eldest brother's wife)
aunt (father's older brother's wife)


게시다

(honorific) honorific of 시다 (sida) to stay


-마씸

Alternative form of 마씸 (-massim, polite particle)


쒜낙마

East Asian rainy season between spring and summer


칠뤌

/t͡ɕʰiɭɭwəɭ/

Sino-Korean word from 七月. Cognate with Korean 칠월 (chirwol).


버뤵이

버렝이 버렝이#Jeju

Alternative form of 버렝이 (beoreng'i, “insect, bug; maggot”).


소왕벌

any wasp or hornet in the family Vespidae


ᄉᆞᆯ루다

head

ᄉᆞᆯ루다 (sawlluda) (infinitive ᄉᆞᆯ루완 or ᄉᆞᆯ루왕, sequential ᄉᆞᆯ루난)

sawlluda (romanization)
ᄉᆞᆯ루완 (infinitive)
ᄉᆞᆯ루왕 (infinitive)
ᄉᆞᆯ루난 (sequential)

From Middle Korean ᄉᆞᆲ다 (solpta), from Old Korean 白 (*SOLP-). Cognate with Korean 사뢰다 (saroeda).

ᄒᆞ를은 아버지안티 ᄉᆞᆯ룬단 말이여.

2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], “ᄉᆞᆯ루다 [sawlluda]”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 559

Hawreur-eun abeoji-anti sawllundan mariyeo.

맨날 가름 돌암댄 아방신디 ᄉᆞᆯ우와 불키여.

2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], “-우와”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 692

I'm going to tell on everyone who's running around the village every day to my dad.

Maennal gareum doramdaen abang-sindi sawru-wa bulkiyeo.

(transitive or intransitive, humble) to speak, to say, to tell something to a superior

안네다

to do something for or give something to a superior


양착

/ja̠ŋt͡ɕʰa̠k̚/


웲기다

to translate (other language into mother tongue)


삐얌

From Middle Korean ᄲᅡᆷ (spam). Cognate with Korean 뺨 (ppyam).


이멩이

Equivalent to Korean 이망 (imang, “forehead”) with noun-suffix 이 (-i) attached, provoking umlaut in the preceding vowel.


-으크라

Assertive suffix for sentence-final verbs in the formal non-polite speech level.


튼나다

to bring back one's memories, to recall, come to remembrance, recur in the mind (memory)


유ᄒᆞᆨ

Sino-Korean word from 儒學 (“Confucianism”).


위염

Sino-Korean word from 危險, Standard Korean 위험 (wiheom).


-으민

suffix for verbs indicating conditional conjunctive


ᄋᆢ라

From pre-Middle Korean *ᄋᆢ라 (Yale: *yòlá), see Korean 여러 (yeoreo) for more.

Middle Korean
Yale romanization of Korean


질겁다

/t͡ɕiɭɡəp̚t͈a̠/


맛엇다

From 맛 (mat, “taste”) + 엇다 (eotda, “not”).


멋싯다

/məɕɕ͈it̚t͈a̠/

Cognate with Korean 멋있다 (meositda). Compare 맛싯다 (matsitda).


지쁘다

From Middle Korean 깃브다〮 (kìspùtá). Cognate with Korean 기쁘다 (gippeuda).


입중

From 입 (ip, “mouth”) + 중 (jung, “middle”).


물알

From 물 (mul, “water”) + 알 (al, “under”).


쉐멍에

/ɕʰwe̞məŋe̞/


ᄃᆞ람지

Possibly from 돋다 (dotda, “to rise”) + 쥐 (jwi, “rat”) in Jeju Dialectal Form.Compare 다람쥐 (daramjwi, “chipmunk”).


-번짜

Cognate with Korean 번째 (beonjjae). Compare Japanese 番目 (-banme).


쳇

쳇 번짜


에비아ᄃᆞᆯ

Coordinate term: 에비ᄄᆞᆯ (ebittawl)


식게

sacrificial rites in honor of an ancestor or god.


거짓거

/kəːd͡ʑit̚k͈ə/


고와리

bracken, fernbrake (Pteridium aquilinum)


총뽀롱이

/t͡ɕʰo̞ŋp͈o̞ɾo̞ŋi/


바툼

a consonant or consonant cluster in the final position of hangul orthography


빚채

/piːt̚t͡ɕʰæ/


사농개

/sʰa̠no̞ŋɡæ/


펜안ᄒᆞ우꽈

Formal polite interrogative form of 펜안ᄒᆞ다 (penanhawda).


졸바로

/t͡ɕo̞ɭp͈a̠ɾo̞/


천지만지

/t͡ɕʰəɲd͡ʑima̠ɲd͡ʑi/


펜안ᄒᆞ다

펜안(便安) (penan) + ᄒᆞ다 (-hawda, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). Compare Korean 편안하다 (pyeonanhada).


실피

to one's heart's content
to one's heart's content


겁자

/kəp̚t͡ɕ͈a̠/


온앵

Sino-Korean word from 銀杏. Cognate with Korean 은행 (eunhaeng).


ᄌᆞ오침

/t͡ɕɒo̞t͡ɕʰim/


조쟁이

/t͡ɕo̞d͡ʑæŋi/


두리다

(derogatory) to go crazy, to become insane


야칸

in any case, anyway, anyhow, at any rate


ᄒᆞᆫ펜

From ᄒᆞᆫ (hawn, “one”) + 펜 (pen, “side”).


아시예

From Middle Korean 아ᅀᅵ (Yale: azi, “beginning”) + 에 (Yale: ey, “at”).


거무룽ᄒᆞ다

Cognate with Korean 거무스름하다 (geomuseureumhada).


요왕

(mythology) Dragon King (the god of water and weather)


여시

From Middle Korean 여ᅀᆞ (yèzò). Cognate to Korean 여우 (yeou).


퉤끼

From Middle Korean 톳〮기〮 (thwóskí). Cognate to Korean 토끼 (tokki).


초싱ᄃᆞᆯ

/t͡ɕʰo̞ɕʰiŋt͈ɒɭ/


발강ᄒᆞ다

head

발강ᄒᆞ다 (balganghawda) (infinitive 발강헨 or 발강헹 or 발강ᄒᆞ연 or 발강ᄒᆞ영, sequential 발강ᄒᆞ난)

balganghawda (romanization)
발강헨 (infinitive)
발강헹 (infinitive)
발강ᄒᆞ연 (infinitive)
발강ᄒᆞ영 (infinitive)
발강ᄒᆞ난 (sequential)

[pa̠ɭɡa̠ŋɦɒda̠]

Likely from Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆰ다 (polkta, “to be red”) + 앙 (-ang, “sequential suffix”) + ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hota, light verb whence modern ᄒᆞ다 (hawda)). Compare Jeju ᄇᆞᆰ다 (bawkda, “to be bright”). Cognate with Korean 발갛다 (balgata).


아명ᄒᆞ다

unspecific (as in being in an undefined, unspecific, or unimportant situation)

careless (as in doing something in a careless manner or on a whim)


세파랑ᄒᆞ다

/sʰe̞pʰa̠ɾa̠ŋɦɒda̠/


ᄒᆞᆨ게

ᄒᆞᆨ교 ᄒᆞᆨ교#Jeju

Alternative form of ᄒᆞᆨ교 (hawkgyo, “school”)


ᄀᆞ르

ᄀᆞ를 ᄀᆞ를#Jeju

Alternative form of ᄀᆞ를 (gawreul, “powder; flour”)


공븨ᄒᆞ다

head

공븨ᄒᆞ다 (gongbuihawda) (infinitive 공븨헨 or 공븨헹 or 공븨ᄒᆞ연 or 공븨ᄒᆞ영, sequential 공븨ᄒᆞ난)

gongbuihawda (romanization)
공븨헨 (infinitive)
공븨헹 (infinitive)
공븨ᄒᆞ연 (infinitive)
공븨ᄒᆞ영 (infinitive)
공븨ᄒᆞ난 (sequential)

공븨(工夫) (gongbui, “study”) + ᄒᆞ다 (hawda, “to do”). Cognate with Korean 공부하다 (gongbuhada).

compound

무신거 공븨ᄒᆞ엿우과?

제줏말 공븨헤ᇝ저.

언치냑 만수ᄒᆞ곡 미나가 공븨ᄒᆞ레 우리 집의 왓우다.

2017, 양창용 [yangchang'yong, Yang Changyong], 윌리암 오그레디 [william ogeuredi, William O'Grady], 양세종 [yangsejong, Yang Sejung], 제주어 1 [jejueo 1, Jeju 1], 퍼플, page 90

Last night Mansu and Mina came to our house to study.

Eonchinyak mansu-hawgok mina-ga gongbuihawre uri jib-ui waduda.


벨장게

/pe̞ʎd͡ʑa̠ŋɡe̞/


웃드르

우 (u, “above, upper”) + ㅅ (s, “genitive marker”) + 드르 (deureu, “meadow”)

com

우린 웃드르에 사는 사름이여, 무사?

We live in a village that is close to Hallasan, why?


ᄂᆞᄆᆞᆯ

From Middle Korean ᄂᆞᄆᆞᆶ (nòmòlh). Cognate to Korean 나물 (namul).


줄ᄃᆞᆼ길락

/t͡ɕuɭdɒŋɡiɭɭa̠k̚/


-아피

누게아피 줍디가?


선싕

Sino-Korean word from 先生. Cognate with Korean 선생 (seonsaeng)

누게 선싕마씸?

는 어느제부떠 선싕이란디아?

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 194

선싕은 메날 어드레 ᄃᆞᆮ심?

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 208


베와주다

head

베와주다 (bewajuda) (infinitive 베와주언 or 베와주엉 or 베와줜 or 베와줭, sequential 베와주난)

bewajuda (romanization)
베와주언 (infinitive)
베와주엉 (infinitive)
베와줜 (infinitive)
베와줭 (infinitive)
베와주난 (sequential)

From 베우다 (be'uda, “to learn”) + 아 (-a, “infinitive suffix”) + 주다 (juda, “to do for the benefit of”, auxiliary verb). Compare Korean 배워주다 (baewojuda).

affix

오널은 우리 선싕님이 한국말 베와줜마씀.

Oneor-eun uri seonsuingnim-i han'gungmal bewajwon-masseum.

만순 영얼 잘 ᄒᆞ난, 우리신듸 영얼 베와주곡, 소영인 선싕 ᄀᆞᆯ은 말을 잘 ᄌᆞᆨ으난, 이녁 자꾸장에 ᄌᆞᆨ은 거 ᄆᆞᆫ 베와줫어마씸.

2017, 양창용 [yangchang'yong, Yang Changyong], 윌리암 오그레디 [william ogeuredi, William O'Grady], 양세종 [yangsejong, Yang Sejung], “12과 언치냑 궨당칩의 갓저. [12gwa eonchinyak gwendangchibui gatjeo.]”, in 제주어 1 [jejueo 1, Jeju 1], 퍼플, page 90

Mansu speaks English well so he taught us English, and Soyeong takes class notes well, so she taught/showed us everything that's in her notebook.

Mansu-n yeong'eo-l jal hawnan, uri-sindui yeong'eo-l bewajugok, Soyeong-i-n seonsuing gawreun mar-eul jal jawgeunan, inyeok jakkujang-e jawgeun geo mawn bewajwoseo-massim.


-우게

ᄎᆞᆯ레 멩글앗우게.

a declarative suffix, used to report new information; restricted to inflected verbs.


가의

Contraction of 그 아의 (geu aui, “that kid”). Cognate with Korean 걔 (gyae).

contraction

가읜 열아홉 ᄉᆞᆯ이고, 고등ᄒᆞᆨ교 삼ᄒᆞᆨ년마씸.

2017, 양창용 [yangchang'yong, Yang Changyong], 윌리암 오그레디 [william ogeuredi, William O'Grady], 양세종 [yangsejong, Yang Sejung], 제주어 1 [jejueo 1, Jeju 1], 퍼플, page 6

She's nineteen years old and is a high school junior.

Gauin yeorahop sawr-i-go, godeunghawkgyo samhawngnyeon-massim.

난 가의 몰르쿠다.

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 112

(sometimes proscribed) that kid; he or she (a person who is not present)


서을

Korean New Year (same as Chinese New Year)


훍다

From Middle Korean 굵〯다〮 (kwǔlktá). Cognate to Korean 굵다 (gukda).


내치다

To disgorge, discharge, regurgitate, spew, throw up, vomit


새각시

[sʰæɡa̠kɕ͈i]

From Middle Korean 새각시 (saykaksi). Cognate to Korean 색시 (saeksi). Equivalent to 새 (sae, “new”) + 각시 (gaksi, “wife”).


비낌

an oblique stroke of a letter in writing


얄룹다

head

얄룹다 (yallupda) (infinitive 얄루완 or 얄루왕, sequential 얄루우난)

yallupda (romanization)
얄루완 (infinitive)
얄루왕 (infinitive)
얄루우난 (sequential)

From Middle Korean. Cognate with Korean 얇다 (yalda).

(to be) thin (of something flat, like a book or slice of meat)


-이서

ᄒᆞᆨ게서 공븨ᄒᆞ게


ᄉᆞ용ᄒᆞ다

From ᄉᆞ용 (sawyong, “use”) + ᄒᆞ다 (hawda, “to do”).


훤씬

much more or less (than normal); a lot; long (before or after); far more


-우꿰

짚우우꿰.

a declarative suffix, used to report new information or an opinion.


집가제

From 집 (jip, “house”) + 가제 (gaje, “eaves”).


-마씀

Sentence-final particle for verbs and adjectives in the polite speech level.


-디아

는 무사 얼언디아?

Interrogative suffix for sentence-final verbs in the formal polite speech level.


ᄀᆞ져들이다

그 문세를 ᄀᆞ져들이라.


어시닮다

From 어시 (eosi, “parents”) + 닮다 (damda, “to resemble, to look like”).


메께라

An expression of shock and amazement by someone's words or actions.


공거리

From Japanese コンクリ (konkuri). Compare Korean 공구리 (gongguri).


고낭귀국

A soup made by adding chicken and soybean paste.


질헤늙다

그 사름은 무신 따문에 질헤늙엇수과?

For what reason did this person get old?

Geu sareum-eun musin ttamun-e jilheneulg-eotsugwa?


날쿠시

구룸이 가망허게 찐 걸 보난 날쿠시여.

Seeing the clouds turned black is a sign that the weather is getting worse.

gurum-i gamangheoge jjin geol bonan nalkusiyeo.


넛하르방

/nətʰa̠ɾɨba̠ŋ/

Cognate with Korean 넛할아버지 (neotharabeoji).


아접씨

/a̠d͡ʑəp̚ʃ͈i/


덩드렁마께

/təŋdɨɾəŋma̠k͈e̞/


쥉이헤치

/t͡ɕwe̞ŋiɦe̞t͡ɕʰi/


미리헤치

(astrology) The year of the dragon, the fifth year in the cycle of twelve years under the lunar calendar.


부름씨꾼

From 부름씨 (bureumssi, “errand”) + 꾼 (kkun).


세경넙은드르

/sʰe̞ɡjəŋnəbɨndɨɾɨ/

From 세경넙은 (segyeongneobeun) + 드르 (deureu, “meadow”).


ᄎᆞᆷ웨

the Korean melon, (Cucumis melo Makuwa Group) or its fruit.


보리클

A farm equipment to reduce barley grains


실기ᄒᆞ다

/ʃiɭɡiɦɒda̠/


ᄂᆞ실다

to sharpen the blade of a knife, sickle, or a tool.


ᄋᆞᆼ진ᄋᆞᆼ진

/ɒŋd͡ʑinɒŋd͡ʑin/

[ɔŋd͡ʑinɔŋd͡ʑin]


가스승ᄒᆞ다

/ka̠sʰɨsʰɨŋɦɒda̠/

양지가 무사 경 가스승ᄒᆞ니?


갱규부리다

to mislead others with a lie and a bad trick


ᄂᆞᄆᆞᆯ국

From ᄂᆞᄆᆞᆯ (nawmawl, “greens”) + 국 (guk, “soup”).


성아시

From 성 (seong, “elder brother”) + 아시 (asi, “younger brother”).


이ᄉᆞᆺ밥

From 이ᄉᆞ (isaw) + ㅅ (-s-, “genitive marker”) + 밥 (bap, “food, meal”).

affix

food given by a person who has moved to greet neighbors.


이ᄉᆞ

Sino-Korean word from 移徙. Cognate with Korean 이사 (isa).


버부와리

(derogatory) A person whose pronunciation is incorrect when speaking.


워립

A cow that was born and raised naturally in the mountains.


으남지다

온 제주도 바당이 으남지어 불어.


웨곳ᄊᆞᆯ

좁ᄊᆞᆯ이 안 들어간 웨곳ᄊᆞᆯ을 먹으민 좋으켜.

It would be good to eat white rice without mixed grains, without millet.

Jopssawri an deureogan wegotssawr-eul meogeumin joeukyeo.


상군

A female diver who can hold her breath for a long time while diving and is good at seafood picking.


천징

/t͡ɕʰəɲd͡ʑiŋ/


들렁놕들렁놕ᄒᆞ다

[tɨɭɭəŋnwak̚t͈ɨɭɭəŋnwakʰɒda̠]


감저

Sino-Korean word from 甘藷, cognate with Korean 감자 (gamja, “potato”). Likely borrowed from Early Modern Korean 감져 (kamcye).

감저 ᄒᆞᆫ 관 ― gamjeo hawn gwan ― 1 gwan (3.75kg) of sweet potatoes

감전 어듸 줏일티?

Where will you gather the sweet potatoes?

어디 하영 썰엉 ᄆᆞᆯ릴 감저 이심광.

2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], “–광 [–gwang]”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 86

Eodi hayeong sseoreong mawllil gamjeo isimgwang.

그 사름은 곤밥먹은 소리로 ᄒᆞ엿주마는 난 알아먹기 쉽게 감저 쳥 먹은 소리로 번역ᄒᆞ멍 ᄀᆞᆯ으쿠다.

2018 January 12, 양전형 [yangjeonhyeong], “엿날 돗통시 지들팡 / 이종실 [yeonnal dottongsi jideulpang / ijongsil]”, in 제주어보전회 일반자료실 [jejueobojeonhoe - ilbanjaryosil, Jeju Preservation Society]

Geu sareum-eun gonbammeogeun sori-ro hawyeotjumaneun nan arameokgi swipge gamjeo cheong meogeun sori-ro beonyeokhawmeong gawreukuda.

순자 주젠 감저 ᄋᆞᆽ어간 보난, 밥 먹엇(이)관데, ᄋᆞᆽ엉 와빗저
sunja jujen gamjeo awjeogan bonan, bap meogeot(i)gwande, awjeong wabitjeo

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, “Chapter 8: Connective and Discourse Markers”, in Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 259

When I brought sweet potatoes for Sunja, (I noticed that) she had eaten her meal so I brought them back.

Ipomoea batatas
Ipomoea batatas#Translingual


새위

대하AARONICAARONICNorth Korean Cultured Language새우AARONICAARONICHistorical formsMiddle Korean사ᄫᅵ〮AARONICAARONICEarly Modern Seoul Korean새요AARONICAARONIC

새우AARONICAARONICCentral KoreanGyeonggiModern colloquial Seoul새우AARONICAARONIC

large freshwater; freshwater or small marine

새비AARONICSeogwipo새위AARONICMany Korean dialects traditionally had a four-way division in words for shrimp. Some surveys are inexact on this matter.This table is an amalgamation of surveys of speakers mostly born before 1950 and may not reflect the language of younger speakers

which has lexically converged towards the standard Seoul dialect in both North and South Koreas


동골동골

/to̞ŋɡo̞ɭdo̞ŋɡo̞ɭ/


-주시

ᄌᆞᆷ주시
jawmjusi
sleepyhead


이디저디

From 이디 (idi, “here”) + 저디 (jeodi, “over there”).
Compare Japanese あちらこちら (achirakochira, literally “over there + here”).


시왕맞이

From 시왕 (siwang, “the ten kings”) + 맞이 (maji).

affix

(shamanism) a ritual performed in honor of the ten kings of the underworld.


다간

From Middle Mongol *daγaγan. Compare Mongolian даага (daaga, “two-year-old horse”).

cog

two years of age (for livestock animals)


녹대

From Middle Mongol ᠨᠣᠭᠲᠤ (noɣtu). Compare Mongolian ногт (nogt, “halter”)


사진끼

Sino-Korean word from 寫眞機, from Japanese 写真機(しゃしんき) (shashinki).


와당

Alternative form of 바당 (badang, “sea, ocean”)


버렝이

See Central Korean 벌레 (beolle) for more.

bug, insect (any small arthropod such as insects, spiders, etc.)


축하헴수다

From 축하ᄒᆞ다 (chukhahawda, “to congratulate”).


스믈스믈

/sɨmɨɭsɨmɨɭ/


아루미

From English aluminum, From Japanese アルミ (“aluminum”).


메역바당

From 메역 (meyeok, “seaweed”) + 바당 (badang, “sea”).


어덕

A sea where stones are placed in between the inland sea and the offing


조랑내

/t͡ɕo̞ɾa̠ŋnæ/


삼쉬매

이 ᄆᆞᆯ은 삼쉬매우까?


삼수매

삼쉬매 삼쉬매#Jeju

Alternative form of 삼쉬매 (samswimae, “a three year-old horse”)


가문잔치

From 가문 (gamun, “one's family”) + 잔치 (janchi, “party”).

A feast where close relatives gather on the day before the wedding ceremony.


-을디

Connects the posterior clause with a vague question about the prior one, in the future tense.


노피

From 노프— (nopeu-, “high, tall”) + —이 (-i, “nominalisation suffix”).


지피

From 지프— (jipeu-, “deep”) + —이 (-i, “nominalisation suffix”).


놀레

Alternative form of 놀래 (nollae, “song”).


메누리

From Middle Korean 며느〮리〮 (myènúlí). Cognate with Korean 며느리 (myeoneuri).


왕할망

/wa̠ŋɦa̠ɭma̠ŋ/

From 왕 (wang, “king”) + 할망 (halmang, “grandmother”).


콥대산이

From 콥 (kop, “beef oil”) + 대산이 (daesani, “garlic”).


예놈

From 예 (ye, “Japanese”) + 놈 (nom, “guy”).


섣ᄃᆞᆯ

From Middle Korean 섯ᄃᆞᆯ (ses.tol). Cognate with Korean 섣달 (seotdal).


물웨

From 물 (mul, “water”) + 웨 (we, “cucumber”). Cognate with Jeju 물외 (muroe).


ᄀᆞ트다

head

ᄀᆞ트다 (gawteuda) (infinitive ᄀᆞ탄 or ᄀᆞ탕, sequential ᄀᆞ트난)

gawteuda (romanization)
ᄀᆞ탄 (infinitive)
ᄀᆞ탕 (infinitive)
ᄀᆞ트난 (sequential)

See main entry ᄀᆞᇀ다 (gawtda). This spelling arises from an analysis of the epenthetic 으 (-eu-) in the ending (으)다 (-(eu)da) as part of the original stem. However, this has been rejected by more recent analyses, including the official government orthography.

기? 나광 ᄀᆞ트다이.

2017, 양창용 [yangchang'yong, Yang Changyong], 윌리암 오그레디 [william ogeuredi, William O'Grady], 양세종 [yangsejong, Yang Sejung], ^제주어 1 [Jejueo 1, Jeju 1], 퍼플, page 2

ᄀᆞᇀ다 ᄀᆞᇀ다#Jeju

Alternative form of ᄀᆞᇀ다 (gawtda, “to be the same; similar”)


미안ᄒᆞ다

From 미안 (mian, “shame”) + ᄒᆞ다 (hawda, light verb deriving adjectives). Cognate with Korean 미안하다 (mianhada).

af

I'm sorry (Addressing a person of equal or lower status)


야의

Contraction of 이 아의 (i aui, “this kid”). Cognate with Korean 얘 (yae).

소연아, 야의 우리 ᄆᆞ을 아의, 말덜 터보라.

2017, 양창용 [yangchang'yong, Yang Changyong], 윌리암 오그레디 [william ogeuredi, William O'Grady], 양세종 [yangsejong, Yang Sejung], 제주어 1 [jejueo 1, Jeju 1], 퍼플, page 2

Soyeon, this is someone from our village, introduce yourself!

Soyeon-a, yaui uri maweul aui, mal-deol teobo-ra.

야의 덜 설룬 셍이여.

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo: the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 64

(sometimes proscribed) this kid; he or she


-으난

a connecting ending that indicates that the foreword is the cause, basis, or premise of the hindmost; also used to state a fact first and then explain another fact in relation to it.


-난

Post-vowel or post-ㄹ (l) allomorphic form of 으난 (-eunan).


-단

an adnominal suffix indicating habitual action in the past


-멍

Post-vowel and post-ㄹ (l) allomorphic form of 으멍 (-eumeong, “notwithstanding; as, while”).


-순

Post-vowel and post-ㄹ (l) allomorphic form of 으순 (-eusun).


-으순

ᄌᆞ미나게 놀순!

A general-purpose verb-final suffix used by older women, conveying statements, questions, requests, and proposals.


-임

-ness; -tion; -ment (suffix deriving a noun)


-체

-th; position in order (derives ordinal numbers)


-크라

으크라 -으크라#Jeju

Post-vowel and post-ㄹ (l) allomorphic form of 으크라 (-eukeura).


-키여

으키여 -으키여#Jeju

Post-vowel and post-ㄹ (l) allomorphic form of 으키여 (-eukiyeo).


-광

지슬광 ᄃᆞᆨ세기


-앙

Yang-vowel form of 엉 (-eong, “and then, after”)


-영

Post-vowel form of 이영 (-iyeong, and, with)


역ᄉᆞ

Sino-Korean word from 歷史. Cognate with Korean 역사 (yeoksa).


제줏말

From 제주 (jeju, “Jeju”) + ㅅ (-s-, “genitive interfix”) + 말 (mal, “language; speech”).


도데

Borrowed from Japanese 灯台(とうだい) (tōdai, “lighthouse”).


공븨

Sino-Korean word from 工夫, from 工 (“labour, work”) + 夫 (“man”). Cognate with Korean 공부 (gongbu).

ko-etym-Sino

시엄 공븨

2017, 양창용 [yangchang'yong, Yang Changyong], 윌리암 오그레디 [william ogeuredi, William O'Grady], 양세종 [yangsejong, Yang Sejung], 제주어 1 [jejueo 1, Jeju 1], 퍼플 [peopeul], page 90

공븬 느냥으로 헤산다.

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 51

You must study by yourself (of your accord).


ᄍᆞᆸ지롱ᄒᆞ다

[t͡ɕ͈ɒp̚t͡ɕ͈iɾoŋɦɒda̠]

Possible cognate with Korean 짭짜래하다 (jjapjjaraehada).

이거 먹어보라! — ᄒᆞᄊᆞᆯ ᄍᆞᆸ지롱ᄒᆞ다

2017, 양창용 [yangchang'yong, Yang Changyong], 윌리암 오그레디 [william ogeuredi, William O'Grady], 양세종 [yangsejong, Yang Sejung], 제주어 1 [jejueo 1, Jeju 1], 퍼플 [peopeul], page 91

Igeo meogeobora! - hawssawl jjawpjironghawda


ᄎᆞᆯ레

무신거 멩글 거라마씸? — ᄎᆞᆯ레마씀.

What are you going to make? — Side dishes.

Musin'geo menggeul geo-ra-massim? - Chawlle-masseum.

나 ᄎᆞᆯ레 멩글아ᇝ저.
느 혼차 멩글멘?
ᄋᆞ게, 나가 ᄎᆞᆯ레 잘 멩글아.
Na chawlle menggeuramjeo.
neu honcha menggeulmen?

I'm making side dishes.
You're making them all by yourself?
Yes, I'm very good at making them.

집이 ᄎᆞᆯ레가 마농지만 이서부난 부치로완 못 싸왓수다

2018 October 14, 김신자 [gimsinja], “ᄌᆞ베기 [jawbegi]”, in 제주어보전회 [jejueobojeonhoe, Jeju Preservation Society]

Since we only had manongji for side dishes, I was too shy to pack some to bring.

jib-i chawlle-ga manongji-man iseobunan buchirowan mot ssawatsuda

나 ᄎᆞᆯ레 멩긂.


멩글다

head

멩글다 (menggeulda) (infinitive 멩글안 or 멩글앙, sequential 멩그난)

menggeulda (romanization)
멩글안 (infinitive)
멩글앙 (infinitive)
멩그난 (sequential)

From Middle Korean ᄆᆡᇰᄀᆞᆯ〮다〮 (mòyngkóltá). Cognate with dialectal Korean 맹글다 (maenggeulda).

닐 할망신디 만뒤떡 멩글아 안넬 거마씸.

Tomorrow, I'm going to make dumplings for grandma.

Nil halmang-sindi mandwitteok menggeura annel geo-massim.

정연은 육지 방패연이나 다름 어신디 방패연은 장석을 하영 붙영 곱닥ᄒᆞ게 멩글곡, 우리 정연은 수수ᄒᆞ게 멩그는 것이 달라. 제라ᄒᆞ게 귀ᄀᆞᆽ추앙 연을 멩글젠 ᄒᆞ문 준비ᄒᆞ게 하메.

2011 April 29, 김창집 [gimchangjip], “연에다 마음 실엉 하늘 우터레 둥둥 띄왓주(2월19일자) [yeoneda ma'eum sireong haneul uteore dungdung ttuiwatju(2wol19ilja)]”, in 제주어보전회 [jejueobojeonhoe, Jeju Preservation Society]

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Jeong'yeon-eun yukji bangpaeyeon-ina dareum eosindi bangpaeyeon-eun jangseog-eul hayeong butyeong gopdakhawge menggeulgok, uri jeong'yeon-eun susuhawge menggeuneun geos-i dalla. Jerahawge gwigawtchuang yeon-eul menggeuljen hawmun junbihawge hame.

시(에)서 질 멩글아사주.
Si-(e)seo jil menggeurasaju.

The city (government) has to construct streets.

할망이 갈중이 멩글젠 ᄒᆞᆯ로고

2020, Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady, Jejueo : the language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 205

I don’t think grandmother will try to make galjungi, right?

halmang-i galjung'i menggeuljen hawllogo

(transitive, used with 을/ㄹ) to make, construct


옴막옴막

그 애기 옴막옴막 잘도 먹엄저.

2009, 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan], 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 681

That child is continuing to eat their food really well.

(of a person or animal) continuously putting food inside one's mouth and eating it


열쒜

From 열— (yeol-, “to open”) + 쒜 (sswe, “metal”). Compare Korean 열쇠 (yeolsoe).

compound

문을 열쒜로 ᄌᆞᆼ그다


ᄌᆞᆫ가시

[t͡ɕɒnɡa̠ɕʰi]

From ᄌᆞᆫ (jawn-, “small, slender; from the verb ᄌᆞᆯ다 (jawlda)”) + 가시 (gasi, “thorn, fish bone”). Compare Korean 잔가시 (jan'gasi)


뜬 쉐가 울 넘나

Literally, "Slow cows jump over fences (too)." Used when describing that even the least active people can attempt unexpected feats as well. Compare Korean 뜬 소 울 넘는다 (tteun so ul neomneunda).

cog

appearances are deceptive
appearances are deceptive

you can't judge a book by its cover
you can't judge a book by its cover

appearances are deceptive, you can't judge a book by its cover


주리

Borrowed from Japanese 釣(つ)り (tsuri, “change”).

change (money given back when a customer hands over more than the exact price of an item)


사훼

Sino-Korean word from 社會, from 社 (“god of earth”) + 會 (“gathering”), likely an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 社会(しゃかい) (shakai, “society”). Cognate with Korean 사회 (sahoe).


멧

From Middle Korean 몇 (myech). Cognate with Korean 몇 (myeot).


어스럼

어스름 어스름#Jeju

Bongseong form of 어스름 (eoseureum, “evening, twilight, dusk”)


어슬먹

Probably a compound of an unattested adjective related to Middle Korean 어ᅀᅳ름 (ezulum), Korean 어슬하다 (eoseulhada) and the noun 먹 (meok, “pitch-black”). See more at main entry.

어스름 어스름#Jeju

Inseong, Nohyeong, and Josu form of 어스름 (eoseureum, “evening, twilight, dusk”)


도ᄉᆞ

Sino-Korean word from 島 (“island”) + 司 (“official”). Cognate to Korean 도사 (dosa)

(historical) In Korea under Japanese rule (1910–1945), a colonial administrator in charge of large islands


도치

Inherited from Middle Korean 돗귀 (twǒskwúy). Cognate to Korean 도끼 (dokki)


담베

Borrowed from Japanese タバコ. Cognate to Korean 담배 (dambae)


ᄆᆞ음

Likely borrowed from Early Modern Korean ᄆᆞ음 (moum), from Middle Korean ᄆᆞᅀᆞᆷ (mòzòm), from earlier Old Korean 心音 (*MOSOm). The traditional reflex would have preserved the original /s/ as seen in doublets ᄆᆞ슴 (mawseum) and ᄆᆞ심 (mawsim). Cognate with Korean 마음 (ma'eum).

bor+

ᄆᆞ슴 ᄆᆞ슴#Jeju

Synonym of ᄆᆞ슴 (mawseum, “heart, mind, feeling”)


아모

From Middle Korean 아〯모〮 (ǎmwó). Cognate to Korean 아무 (amu).


ᄀᆞ슬

From Old Korean 秋察 (*KOsol(h), *KOcol(h)). This reflex preserves the /s/ as found in the Old Korean form and southern Modern Korean dialects, compared to its doublet ᄀᆞ을 (gaweul), which was borrowed directly from Early Modern Korean. Cognate with Korean 가을 (ga'eul).
Perhaps related to ᄀᆞᆺ다 (gawtda, “to cut”) & ᄀᆞ새 (gawsae, “scissors”).

ᄀᆞ슬이 뒈민 단풍이 곱닥ᄒᆞ게 드는게.

The leaves turn beautiful colors when autumn comes.

Gawseur-i dwemin danpung-i gopdakhawge deuneun'ge.

ᄋᆢ름이 가곡 ᄀᆞ슬이 왓이쿠데 시주그랑ᄒᆞᆫ 갈ᄇᆞ름이 분덴마씀.

They say a chill westerly wind blows because summer has gone and autumn has arrived.

Yawreum-i gagok gawseur-i wasikude sijugeuranghawn galbawreum-i bunden-masseum.

나 인생에 ᄀᆞ슬이 들민 나는 나신디, 사름덜을 ᄉᆞ랑헤시냐 들을 거우다.나는 게베운 ᄆᆞ음으로 ᄀᆞᆯ을 수 싯게, 나는 지금 사름덜을 하영 ᄉᆞ랑ᄒᆞ쿠다.

2016 September 30, “아아 으악새 슬피우니 [aa euaksae seulpiuni]”, in 양전형의 제주어로 읽는 세상사 18 [yangjeonhyeong'ui jejueoro ingneun sesangsa 18], 제주어보전회 [jejueobojeonhoe], 윤동주의 詩 『나 인생에 ᄀᆞ을이 오민』 중 중략한 일부

When autumn comes into my life, I ask myself if I've ever loved people.For me to answer light-heartedly then, I will love more people now.

Na insaeng-e gawseur-i deulmin na-neun na-sindi, sareum-deor-eul sawranghesinya deureul geouda.na-neun gebe'un maweum-euro gawreul su sitge, na-neun jigeum sareum-deor-eul hayeong sawranghawkuda.

요세, 제주섬에 미깡이 곱들락ᄒᆞ게 잘 익어 가ᇝ이메 베껫드레 나상 ᄀᆞ슬 ᄆᆞ까지기 전의 하영 베려봅서 양?

2018 November 2, 양창용 [yangchang'yong], “미깡 익어져가민 제주 ᄀᆞ슬도 지퍼지는 거라 양!! [mikkang igeojeogamin jeju gawseuldo jipeojineun geora yang!!]”, in 제주어의 세상여행 54. 귤 [jejueoui sesang'yeohaeng 54. gyul], 제민일보 [jeminilbo]

Now, since tangerines on Jeju Island are ripening beautifully, how about going outside to take a look before autumn is over?

Yose, jejuseom-e mikkang-i gopdeullakhawge jal igeo gamsime bekket-deure nasang gawseul mawkkajigi jeon-ui hayeong beryeobopseo yang?

ᄀᆞ슬 들어사믄 사농헐 준비헙주게.
[ᄀᆞ슬 들어사믄 사농ᄒᆞᆯ 준비 ᄒᆞᆸ주게.]

2021, 강영봉 [gang'yeongbong], 김순자 [gimsunja], “100: ᄀᆞ실 [100: gawsil]”, in 제주어 기초어휘 활용 사전 [jejueo gicho'eohwi hwaryong sajeon, A Dictionary of Basic Jeju Vocabulary], 한그루 [han'geuru], pages 366-367

We get ready to hunt when autumn arrives.

Gawseul deureosameun sanonghawl junbi hawpju-ge.

ᄀᆞ슬 ᄂᆞᆷ삐 거죽 두터우민 저슬에 춥나

gawseul nawmppi geojuk duteoumin jeoseure chumna

Heavy fall radish skins lead to a cold winter

ᄀᆞ슬ᄒᆞ다

harvesting crops such as wheat and barley

ᄀᆞ슬눌

a container used for collecting cut grain

ᄀᆞ슬치기

a group that goes to the plowing field early in spring

ᄀᆞ슬팟

a field that has not been plowed from autumn harvest till spring

저를 엇인 보리 ᄀᆞ슬 땐 가시아방 오민 조롬으로도 절ᄒᆞᆯ 틈앙 엇나

jeoreul eosin bori gawseul ttaen gasiabang omin joromeurodo jeolhawl teumang eonna.

During a busy harvest season, you don't even have time to greet your father-in-law


-ᄁᆞ지

From Middle Korean ᄭᆞ자ᇰ〮 (skòcáng). Cognate to Korean 까지 (-kkaji).


아시

rake used to scoop up algae washed up on the beach


내중

From Middle Korean 내〯죠ᇰ (nǎycyòng). Cognate to Korean 나중 (najung).


뒈다

head

뒈다 (dweda) (infinitive 뒈연 or 뒈영 or 뒌 or 뒝, sequential 뒈난)

dweda (romanization)
뒈연 (infinitive)
뒈영 (infinitive)
뒌 (infinitive)
뒝 (infinitive)
뒈난 (sequential)

table
From Middle Korean ᄃᆞᄫᆡ다〮 (tòWòytá). Cognate to Korean 되다 (doeda)


뒈다

table
Likely borrowed from Early Modern Korean 되다 (twoyta). Cognate with Korean 되다 (doeda).


뒈다

table
From Middle Korean 되〮다〮 (twóytá). Cognate with Korean 되다 (doeda)


게염지

From Middle Korean 개야미〮 (kàyyàmí). Cognate to Korean 개미 (gaemi)


ᄆᆞᆷ

From Middle Korean ᄆᆞᆯ〮 (mól). Cognate to Korean 말 (mal).

Sargassum fulvellum
Wikispecies:Sargassum fulvellum


빈네

From Middle Korean 빈혀 (pìnhyè). Cognate to Korean 비녀 (binyeo).


구시

From Middle Korean 구ᅀᅵ (kwuzi). Cognate to Korean 구유 (guyu)


뜨끌

From Middle Korean 듣글 (tùtkùl). Cognate to Korean 티끌 (tikkeul)


몬지

From Middle Korean 몬ᄌᆡ (mwòncòy). Cognate to Korean 먼지 (meonji).


미녕

From Middle Korean 무면 (mwumyen). Cognate to Korean 무명 (mumyeong).


모통이

Derived from Middle Korean 뫃 (mwoh). Cognate to Korean 모퉁이 (motung'i).


ᄉᆞ미

From Middle Korean ᄉᆞ〮ᄆᆡ〮 (sómóy). Cognate to Korean 소매 (somae)


셍각

From Middle Korean ᄉᆡᇰ〮각〮 (sóyngkák). Cognate to Korean 생각 (saenggak).
The term has the shape of a Sino-Korean word, but the etymological origin is ultimately unclear.


새스방

[sʰæsʰɨba̠ŋ]

From Middle Korean 새셔방 (saysyepang). Cognate to Korean 새서방 (saeseobang).

Coordinate term: 새각시 (saegaksi)


이뜸

From Middle Korean 읏듬 (ustum). Cognate to Korean 으뜸 (eutteum).


메쥐

From Middle Korean 며주〮 (myècwú). Cognate to Korean 메주 (meju).

(cooking) block of fermented beans, used to make doenjang


뭇다

From Middle Korean ᄆᆡᆽ다〮 (mòyctá). Cognate to Korean 맺다 (maetda).


ᄒᆞ라체

[hɒɾa̠t͡ɕʰe]

From ᄒᆞ라 (hawra, formal, non-polite imperative of ᄒᆞ다 (hawda, “to do”)) + 체(體) (che, “style”). Calque of Korean 해라체 (haerache).

compound

formal, non-polite imperative of <i class="Kore mention" lang="jje">ᄒᆞ다</i> (hawda, “to do”)

(linguistics, rare) The formal, non-polite speech level in Jeju; otherwise known as the plain form or plain style.


ᄀᆞ실

ᄀᆞ슬 ᄀᆞ슬#Jeju

Alternative form of ᄀᆞ슬 (gawseul, “autumn; fall”)

ᄀᆞ실바령

Fertilizing of the fields between Cheoseo and Sanggang

ᄀᆞ실방둔

Release of cows to the mountain between the autumn harvest and the arrival of frost

ᄀᆞ실쉐

Cows that are fed in the grass fields after the harvest is over


꿩마농

From 꿩 (kkwong, “pheasant”) + 마농 (manong, “garlic”).


ᄒᆞ로살이

From Middle Korean ᄒᆞᄅᆞ사리 (holosali). Cognate to Korean 하루살이 (harusari).


눈에눈이

(Nohyeong, Josu, Inseong, Seohung, Gasi) mayfly


ᄆᆞᆮ이

From Middle Korean ᄆᆞᆮ (mot). Cognate to Korean 맏이 (maji).


ᄀᆞᇀ다

head

ᄀᆞᇀ다 (gawtda) (infinitive ᄀᆞᇀ안 or ᄀᆞᇀ앙, sequential ᄀᆞᇀ으난)

gawtda (romanization)
ᄀᆞᇀ안 (infinitive)
ᄀᆞᇀ앙 (infinitive)
ᄀᆞᇀ으난 (sequential)

From Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆮ〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (kóthòtá). Cognate with Korean 같다 (gatda)
Sense three is possibly borrowed from Korean 같다 (gatda), since 닮다 (damda) is much more commonly used in that construction.


ᄑᆞᆯ쥐거리

[pʰɒʎd͡ʑwiɡəɾi]

ᄑᆞᆯ둑거리 ᄑᆞᆯ둑거리#Jeju

Alternative form of ᄑᆞᆯ둑거리 (pawldukgeori): bracelet, bangle


어멍은 베 고팡 죽곡, 아인 베 터졍 죽곡

^어멍은 베 고팡 죽곡, 아인 베 터졍 죽곡.

어멍은 베 고팡 죽곡, 아인 베 터졍 죽곡. (Eomeong'eun be gopang jukgok, ain be teojeong jukgok.)

Eomeong'eun be gopang jukgok (romanization)
ain be teojeong jukgok. (romanization)

[əməŋɨn pe kopʰa̠ŋ t͡ɕuk̚k͈ok̚ a̠in pe tʰəd͡ʑəŋ t͡ɕuk̚k͈ok̚]

어멍은베고팡죽꼭아인베터정죽꼭

[어멍은베고팡죽꼭아인베터정죽꼭]

Literally, "A mother dies from being hungry, while her child dies from a stomach too full."

A mother will always put her child's needs first. One should always respect one's mother's efforts.


둠빗주시

From 둠비 (dumbi, “bean curd, tofu”) + 주시 (jusi, “dregs, remnants”).


데가리

From Middle Korean ᄃᆡ골 (tòykwòl). The noun suffix 이 (-i) was later attached. Cognate with Korean 대가리 (daegari).
The word is generally considered a compound, but the etymology is not fully clear. The second component is probably Middle Korean 골〯 (kwǒl, “brain”), whereas words such as 데망셍이 (demangseng'i) and 데멩이 (demeng'i) seem to reflect the first component in isolation.

암만 화난들 데가리를 내박아 부리민 뒈여?

No matter how mad you are, you cannot punch their head.

Amman hwanandeul degarireul naebaga burimin dweyeo?

대가리 싀 밧디나 까지멍 대가리 까젼 죽언.
[데가리 시 밧디나 까지멍 데가리 까젼 죽언.]

2009, 제주문화예술제단 [jejumunhwayesuljedan], 개정증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeongjeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], page 284

Their head cracked open in three places and they died from their head cracking open.

Degari si batdi-na kkajimeong degari kkajeon jugeon.

이 낭 그냥 셔시민 저 우녁칩 느네 성 이 낭 올르당 털어졍 데가리 까졋일지도 몰른다.

2018 July 27, 이종실 [ijongsil], “폭낭엔 우리덜을 ᄉᆞᆯ펴주는 ᄆᆞ음이 들어 잇수다 [pongnang'en urideoreul sawlpyeojuneun maweumi deureo itsuda]”, in 제주어의 세상여행 41. 폭낭 [jejueoui sesang'yeohaeng 41. pongnang], 제민일보 [jeminilbo]

Had this tree just been here, your older brother from the house across the fence may have fallen while climbing this tree and cracked open his head.

I nang geunyang syeosimin jeo unyeokchip neune seong i nang olleudang teoreojeong degari kkajeosiljido molleunda.


정글다

[t͡ɕəŋɡɨɭda̠]

Cognate with and possibly loaned from Korean 점글다 (jeomgeulda), from Middle Korean 졈글〮다〮 (cyèmkúltá). Also seemingly cognate with Middle Korean 져믈〮다〮 (cyèmúltá) and Korean 저물다 (jeomulda), which would make it a doublet of ᄌᆞ물다 (jawmulda), but the alternation of the stop is difficult to explain.

ᄌᆞ물다 ᄌᆞ물다#Jeju


ᄌᆞ물다

Cognate with Middle Korean 져믈〮다〮 (cyèmúltá). The first syllable vowel alternation between this word and 져믈〮다〮 (cyèmúltá) seemingly points to a pre-15c. Middle Korean form *ᄌᆢᄆᆞᆯ〮다〮 (*cyòmóltá), prior to the merger of /yo/ into /ye/. The alternate forms 저물다 (jeomulda) and 정글다 (jeonggeulda), then, may be loans from Early Modern Korean.
Also cognate with Korean 저물다 (jeomulda).


-으키어

From 읔 (-euk-, “general speculative future suffix”) + 이어 (-ieo, “uncertain suffix, perhaps a conjugation of the copula 이다 (-ida)”).

affix

uncertain suffix, perhaps a conjugation of the copula <i class="Kore mention" lang="jje">이다</i> (-ida)

Coordinate term: (used in questions) 을디아 (euldia)

아이고, 자이덜이 ᄀᆞᇀ이 펜안ᄒᆞ게 살아졋이민 ᄎᆞᆷ 좋으키어.

Sigh, it would be nice if they could live together peacefully.

Aigo, jai-deor-i gawchi penanhawge sarajeosimin chawm jo-eukieo.

가: 어멍아, 민수가 엄창큰 낭글 올르단 쾅쾅 털어젼 가달 다쳔게이!
나: 아영아영 난 모르키어이! 제기 느 아방신디 벵완이 ᄃᆞ려가ᇝ입셍 ᄀᆞᆯ아주라! 저 망ᄒᆞᆯ 낭글 곧 싸사키여.
Ga: Eomeong-a, minsu-ga eomchangkeun nanggeul olleudan kwangkwang teoreojeon gadal dacheon'ge-i!
na: Ayeong'ayeong nan moreu-kieo-i! Jegi neu abang-sindi beng'wan-i dawryeogamsipseng gawrajura! Jeo manghawl nanggeul got ssa-sa-kiyeo.
A. Mom, Minsu fell hard after climbing a huge tree and hurt his leg!
B. What did I do to deserve this! Tell your father to start taking him to the hospital quickly! We gotta cut those damn trees down soon.

ᄀ. 느도 밥 먹엉 ᄒᆞᆨ교 갈디아?
ᄂ. 으, 나도 밥 먹엉 ᄒᆞᆨ교 가키어.
G. Neu-do bap meogeong hawkgyo galdia?

2015 December, 고동호, 송상조, 오창명, 문순덕, 오승훈, “제4장 문장 [je4jang munjang]”, in 제줏말의 이해 [jejunmarui ihae, Understanding Jeju] (overall work in Korean), 제주특별자치도: 제주발전연구원 제주학연구센터 [jejubaljeonyeon'guwon jejuhagyeon'gusenteo], 3.3.3 미래 시제: 1 선어말 어미로 표현되는 미래 시제 [3.3.3 mirae sije: 1 seoneomal eomiro pyohyeondoeneun mirae sije], page 193

A: Are you going to school after eating too?
B: Yes, I will also go to school after eating.

n. Eu, na-do bap meogeong hawkgyo ga-kieo.

느사 아이덜이 착ᄒᆞ난 좋으키어.

2023, 송상조 [songsangjo], “사 [sa]”, in 20세기 제주말 큰사전 [20segi jejumal keunsajeon], 한국문화사 [han'gungmunhwasa], page 983

You must be happy with (such) nice children.

ᄒᆞ라체 ᄒᆞ라체#Jeju

An assertive or speculative suffix for sentence-final verbs in the "plain style" ᄒᆞ라체 (hawrache) formal non-polite speech level in declarative sentences. See 읔 (-euk-) for more.