ꦩꦚ꧀ꦕꦤꦒꦫ

→ Indonesian: mancanegara

From Old Javanese mañcanagara, from Sanskrit मञ्च (mañca, “throne”) + नगर (nagara, “town, city”).


ꦢꦿꦶꦗꦶ

ꦢꦿꦶꦗꦶ (informal krama)
driji (informal krama)

Inherited from Old Javanese jariji (“finger”). Akin to Balinese jriji and Sundanese jariji.


sekti

ꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ ꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ#Javanese


ꦩꦕꦤ꧀

macan (romanization)
mâtyân (romanization)


ꦕꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺ

head

ꦕꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺ (cempé)

→ Indonesian: cêmpé


ꦥꦸꦫ

From Old Javanese pura, from Sanskrit पुर (pura). Doublet of puri.


ꦥꦸꦫꦶ

→ Indonesian: puri

From Old Javanese purī, from Sanskrit पुर (pura). Doublet of pura.


ꦒꦮꦺ

→ Indonesian: gawai

→ Malay: gawai

Inherited from Old Javanese gawe, gaway, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gaway (“occupation”).

to trouble, to disturb, to stir up, to agitate


juruh

ꦗꦸꦫꦸꦃ ꦗꦸꦫꦸꦃ#Javanese


ꦠ꧀ꦭꦒ

From Old Javanese talaga, from Sanskrit तलक (talaka, “pond”), तडाग (taḍāga, “pond”).


ꦠꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀

→ Malay: tilik

→ Indonesian: tilik


ꦠꦤ꧀ꦝ

Inherited from Old Javanese taṇḍa. Cognate of Malay tanda.


mambang

From Old Javanese mambaṅ (“a group of people (of foreign provenance?)”).


ꦏꦼꦱꦼꦭ꧀

From Old Javanese kĕsĕl. Cognate of Indonesian kesal (“to annoy”).


ꦏꦂꦠ

From Old Javanese kĕrta, kṛta (“prosperous, flourishing”), from Sanskrit कृत (kṛta). Doublet of ꦏꦽꦠ (kreta), ꦏꦼꦂꦠ (kerta), and ꦏꦂꦠ (karta).


sambel

ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀#Javanese


ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀

From Old Javanese sambĕl, probably from Tamil சம்பால் (campāl), and Sanskrit सम्बार (sambāra, “spices”).

sambal: a hot relish made from chili peppers and other ingredients.


ꦧꦁꦱꦭ꧀

→ Indonesian: bangsal (semantic loan)

Compound of ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝ (bandha) + ꦱꦭ (sala), inherited from Old Javanese baṅsal, from Hindi भनसाल (bhansāl, “storehouse”), from earlier भण्डसाल (bhaṇḍasāl), भण्डसार (bhaṇḍasār), from Sanskrit भाण्डशाला (bhāṇḍaśālā, “storehouse, magazine”), from भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + शाला (śālā).

compound

भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + शाला (śālā)


ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝ

→ Indonesian: banda, bandha

From Old Javanese bhāṇḍa, from Sanskrit भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa, “good”). Cognate with Indonesian benda.


ꦧꦫꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: barong

From Old Javanese baroṅ, barwaṅ (literally “bear”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀuaŋ (“bear”).


ꦥꦠꦏ

From Old Javanese patāka (“flag, pennon, banner, sign, emblem”), from Sanskrit पताका (patākā, “banner, flag”).


ꦥꦠꦏ

From Old Javanese pātaka (“sin, crime; misfortune; criminal, sinner”), from Sanskrit पातक (pātaka, “crime, loss of caste”).


barongan

ꦧꦫꦺꦴꦔꦤ꧀ ꦧꦫꦺꦴꦔꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦭꦫꦺ

head

ꦭꦫꦺ (laré) (ngoko ꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃ, bocah; ꦲꦤꦏ꧀, anak, krama ꦭꦫꦺ)

laré (romanization)
ꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃ (informal)
bocah (informal)
ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ (informal)
anak (informal)
ꦭꦫꦺ (krama)

Inherited from Old Javanese lare, rare, raray (“small child; youth”), rara, rarā (“girl, maiden”).

inh+

child (a female or male child, a daughter or son)


ꦥꦫꦶꦥꦸꦂꦤ

From Old Javanese paripūrṇa (“full, perfect, complete”), from Sanskrit परिपूर्ण (paripūrṇa). Compare to Thai บริบูรณ์ (bɔɔ-rí-buun), Khmer បរិបូរ (bɑɑrebou), Chinese 圓滿／圆满 (yuánmǎn), and Japanese 円満.


ꦢꦭꦤ꧀

dalan (romanization)
ꦢꦭꦤ꧀ (informal)
ꦩꦂꦒꦶ (krama)

From Old Javanese dalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.


ꦩꦂꦒꦶ

margi (romanization)
ꦢꦭꦤ꧀ (informal)
ꦩꦂꦒꦶ (krama)

From Old Javanese mārga (“road, path”), from Sanskrit मार्ग (mārga, “way, road, route, path”).


ꦏꦥꦭ꧀

Borrowed from Malay kapal, from Tamil கப்பல் (kappal, “ship, sailing vessel”).


ꦏꦥꦭ꧀

Borrowed from Portuguese cavalo (“horse”), from Old Galician-Portuguese cavalo, from Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), from Gaulish *kaballos, from Proto-Celtic *kaballos.


ꦏꦥꦭ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese kapal (“callus”), from Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kapal (“thick, as a plank”).


ꦧꦸꦠꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: butuh

→ Sundanese: ᮘᮥᮒᮥᮂ (butuh)

Unknown, there are some possibility.
* from Old Javanese wutuh (“whole, intact”).
* from Old Javanese butuh (“in trouble, in difficulties, embarrassed”) (compare to Javanese ꦲꦸꦛꦸꦃ (uthuh, “to persist; shameless, brazen, to have a nerve”), Old Javanese tutuh (“blame, reproof, reprimand, reproach”)).
* from Old Javanese botoh (“to bet, wager; gambler”), toh (“stake”).

inh

ꦲꦏꦸꦧꦸꦠꦸꦃꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ꧉


ꦏꦮꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese kawi (“poet”), from Sanskrit कवि (kavi).


ꦱꦫꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese saruṅ (“sarong”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saruŋ (“sheath, sheath-like container; to sheathe a weapon”). Cognate with Sundanese ᮞᮛᮥᮀ (sarung).

inh

sarong (garment made of batik or ikat cloth wrapped about the waist)

sheath (sheath for traditional Javanese weapon (usually kris, etc.))


ꦱꦩꦸꦢꦿ

samudra (romanization)
kawi (romanization)

Inherited from Old Javanese samudra (“ocean”), from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra). Doublet of ꦱꦩꦺꦴꦢꦿ (samodra).


ꦱꦸꦮꦂꦟꦨꦹꦩꦶ

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सुवर्णभूमि (suvarṇabhūmi).

lbor

ꦥꦥꦤ꧀ꦄꦁꦒꦼꦒꦤꦱꦸꦮꦂꦟꦨꦹꦩꦶ


beskap

ꦧꦼꦱ꧀ꦏꦥ꧀ ꦧꦼꦱ꧀ꦏꦥ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤ꧀

panyjenengan (romanization)
sampéyan (romanization)
kowé (romanization)
panjenengan (romanization)

Affixed ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁ (jeneng, “name”) + ꦥꦤ꧀- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (pan- -han), inherited from Old Javanese pañjĕnĕṅan (“stand, established position, function”).

inh+

ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ#Javanese


ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀

head

ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀ (ngoko ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀, cilik, tyilik, tjilik, krama ꦲꦭꦶꦠ꧀, alit)

ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀ (informal)
cilik (informal)
tyilik (informal)
tjilik (informal)
ꦲꦭꦶꦠ꧀ (krama)
alit (krama)

→ Indonesian: cilik (“small”)


ꦒꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦶ

→ Indonesian: gusti

From Old Javanese gusti (“master, lord”),
* from Sanskrit गोष्ठीपति (goṣṭhīpati, “president of an assembly”).
* from Sanskrit गोष्ठी (goṣṭhī, “assembly”), गोष्ठ (goṣṭha, “an epithet of Śiva”, literally “cow-shed”).


undhuh

ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦃ ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦃ#Javanese


ꦠꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: tawon (“wasp”)

From Old Javanese tawwan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tabuqan.


Wikisastra

From wiki (“wiki”) + bausastra (“dictionary”), a calque of English Wiktionary.


bauwarna

ꦧꦲꦸꦮꦂꦤ ꦧꦲꦸꦮꦂꦤ#Javanese


ꦠꦩ꧀ꦧꦏ꧀

→ English: tambak

→ Indonesian: tambak (semantic loan)

From Old Javanese tambak (“wall, dike, dam, fence; fish-pond”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambak.

inh

a pond near the shore where certain sea fish are bred

a dyke, dam or bank for regulating water


abahan

ꦲꦧꦲꦤ꧀ ꦲꦧꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦧꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: abuh

Inherited from Old Javanese aböh, abuh (“swollen”), *bĕh, *buh, *böh.


ꦮꦶꦤꦶꦃ

From Old Javanese winih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *binəhiq, from Proto-Austronesian *binəSiq.


ꦮꦶꦗꦶ

→ Ternate: wiji

From Old Javanese wiji, from Sanskrit बीज (bīja, “seed”). Doublet of ꦮꦶꦗ (wija).


ꦠꦸꦩ

head

ꦠꦸꦩ (krama ngoko ꦠꦸꦩ, krama inggil ꦲꦶꦠꦶꦏ꧀)

From Old Javanese tuma, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah, from Proto-Austronesian *CuməS.


adhep

ꦲꦝꦼꦥ꧀ ꦲꦝꦼꦥ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦝꦼꦥ꧀

From Old Javanese aḍĕp, haḍĕp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadəp. Doublet of ꦲꦉꦥ꧀ (arep).


ꦠꦭꦼꦱ꧀

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taləs (compare English taro, a borrowing from Maori).


ꦱꦺꦴꦁꦏꦺꦠ꧀

From Old Javanese soṅket. Compound of song (ꦱꦺꦴꦁ) + ket (ꦏꦺꦠ꧀).


ketan

ꦏꦼꦠꦤ꧀ ꦏꦼꦠꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦭꦺꦴꦮꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: lowong

→ Sundanese: ᮜᮧᮝᮧᮀ (lowong)

From Old Javanese luwaṅ (“pit, hole, cavity”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luaŋ (“hole”), from Proto-Austronesian *luaŋ (“hole”). Doublet of ꦭꦸꦮꦁ (luwang).


luwes

ꦭꦸꦮꦼꦱ꧀ ꦭꦸꦮꦼꦱ꧀#Javanese


purbawisésa

ꦥꦸꦂꦧꦮꦶꦱꦺꦱ ꦥꦸꦂꦧꦮꦶꦱꦺꦱ#Javanese


ꦠꦺꦴꦩ꧀

→ Ternate: tom

From Old Javanese tom, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀum.


ꦠꦶꦩꦸꦤ꧀

From Old Javanese hantimun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatimun.


cèndhol

ꦕꦺꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦭ꧀ ꦕꦺꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦭ꧀#Javanese


pantes

ꦥꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦱ꧀ ꦥꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦱ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦱ꧀

desc

→ Indonesian: pantas (“worthy, appropriate, fit”) (semantic loan)

→ Peranakan Indonesian: pantes (“worthy, appropriate, fit”)


ꦱꦿꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese śrī (“splendour, radiance, beauty; good fortune, prosperity, wealth, riches; radiance”), from Sanskrit श्री (śrī).


letrek

traditional Javanese weaving cloth (usually used as the base for the bridal shower)


Kresna

ꦏꦽꦱ꧀ꦤ ꦏꦽꦱ꧀ꦤ#Javanese


sunggi

carry on something (usually on top of head or shoulder)


Hyang

*Inherited from Old Javanese hyaṅ (“God, divinity”).


telatah

ꦠꦼꦭꦠꦃ ꦠꦼꦭꦠꦃ#Javanese


katerangan

ꦏꦠꦼꦫꦔꦤ꧀ ꦏꦠꦼꦫꦔꦤ꧀#Javanese


lempung

ꦊꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦁ ꦊꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦁ#Javanese


ꦤꦭꦶꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese nālika, nālikā (“time, moment, hour, period; hour”), from Sanskrit नालिक, नालिका (nālika, nālikā).

der

नालिक, नालिका


Ukir

the name of the third week in Java calendar system.


ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ

From Old Javanese ukir (“carve”). Cognate with Balinese ᬳᬸᬓᬶᬃ (ukir).

decorate with carving (wood, stone or metal)


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦴ

head

ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦴ (ambo)

From Old Javanese ambo (“an escort (who walks beside a horse, etc.)”).
Attested in the Middle Javanese manuscript of Kidung Tantri Kediri (derived from the Old Javanese prose of Tantri Kaḍiri).


ꦱꦤꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese sānak (“brother, sister, relative; with his brother(s)”).


ukir

ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ#Javanese


ꦧꦼꦕꦺꦴꦱ꧀

head

ꦧꦼꦕꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (becos)


ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese taṅguṅ (“carrying, bearing, burden, load”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ (“carry on a shoulder pole”).

inh

to vouch for; to accept responsibility for


ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦁ

→ Indonesian: tanggung

(ngoko) medium; half-hearted; insufficient; only part


tanggung

ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦁ ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦁ#Javanese


kendhi

ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ#Javanese


ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ

From Old Javanese kuṇḍi, from Sanskrit कुण्डी (kuṇḍī), female form of कुण्ड (kuṇḍa) or कुण्डिक (kuṇḍika, “water pot”).


tumbuk

→ Indonesian: tumbuk

From Old Javanese tumbuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumbuk.

traditional ceremony held to celebrate someone's eight-year cycle Windu birthday


tumbuk

to collide head-on; to knock against; to strike each other


kancing

ꦏꦚ꧀ꦕꦶꦁ ꦏꦚ꧀ꦕꦶꦁ#Javanese


budhug

→ Malay: bodok
Indonesian: bodok


waringin

ꦮꦫꦶꦔꦶꦤ꧀ ꦮꦫꦶꦔꦶꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦗꦼꦫꦸꦏ꧀

Banyumasan: jeruk

desctree

→ Malay: jeruk
Indonesian: jeruk
→ Tagalog: dalok


sungsang

ꦱꦸꦁꦱꦁ ꦱꦸꦁꦱꦁ#Javanese


ꦲꦺꦴꦠꦺꦴꦠ꧀

head

ꦲꦺꦴꦠꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (otot)

→ Indonesian: otot (“muscle”)


ꦏꦥꦤ꧀

desctree

→ Malay: kapan
> Indonesian: kapan (inherited)


A letter of the Javanese script, which is used to suppress a letter's inherent vowel. Therefore, it is the Javanese script's equivalent of the virama.


ꦥꦁꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀

virama (a diacritic that suppresses the inherent vowel of a given (Javanese) letter)


adeg-adeg

ꦲꦢꦼꦒ꧀ꦲꦢꦼꦒ꧀ ꦲꦢꦼꦒ꧀ꦲꦢꦼꦒ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦤ

Standard Pronunciation, Arekan, Surakarta–Yogyakarta, Madiun–Kediri–Blitar, Surabaya-Malang

Inherited from Old Javanese hana (“to be, exist, stay; being, existence; place of sojourn”).

inh+

(ngoko, Yogyakarta, Semarang) there is/are; to be


ꦲꦺꦕ

→ Indonesian: eco

Inherited from Old Javanese ica, icchā (“wish, desire; pleased”), from Sanskrit इच्छा (icchā, “wish, desire, inclination”).


ꦕꦼꦛ

Inherited from Old Javanese *cĕṭa, cĕṭṭa (“well informed, expert in”), probably from Sanskrit छात्त्र (chāttra, “scholar; pupil”), छत्त्र (chattra, “teacher”, literally “shelter; parasol, umbrella”). Sound change probably were influenced by Pali chatta (“parasol”), Prakrit chatta (“parasol”).


candhi

ꦕꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ ꦕꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ#Javanese


ꦕꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ

→ Indonesian: candi

Inherited from Old Javanese caṇḍi (“temple, sanctuary”). Attested in the Hariwangsa (1135 AD) and Nagarakretagama (1365 AD) as caṇḍi.


ꦱꦼꦩꦪ

head

ꦱꦼꦩꦪ (semaya) (ngoko ꦱꦼꦩꦪ, krama ꦱꦼꦩꦢꦺꦴꦱ꧀)

semaya (romanization)
ꦱꦼꦩꦪ (informal)
ꦱꦼꦩꦢꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (krama)

desc

→ Indonesian: sêmaya (“to postpone, to delay”)

Inherited from Old Javanese samaya, from Sanskrit समय (samaya).


ꦩꦢꦾ

Inherited from Old Javanese madhya, from Sanskrit मध्य (madhya).


ꦩꦢꦾ

→ Indonesian: madya (“middle, medium”)

ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ#Javanese

middle register of Javanese, between ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ (ngoko) and ꦏꦿꦩ (krama)


ꦫꦒ

Inherited from Old Javanese raga (“woven basket, wicker basket”).


ꦫꦒ

Inherited from Old Javanese rāga, from Pali राग (rāga, “attachment, lust”), from Sanskrit राग (rāga, “passion, desire”).


ꦫꦒ

(archaic) love, falling in love, crazy in love


ꦒꦿꦶꦁꦱꦶꦁ

→ Indonesian: geringsing

→ English: geringsing


ꦮꦶꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese wit (“tree; stem; base, foundation; origin, cause”).

inh+

ꦲꦏꦺꦃꦮꦶꦠ꧀ꦥꦼꦊꦩ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦯꦼꦩꦫꦁ꧉ ― Akèh wit pelem ing Semarang. ― There are many mango trees in Semarang.


ꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ri (“thorn”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi


ꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ri (“prepositional particle”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *di, from Proto-Austronesian *di.


ꦒꦼꦝꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕḍaṅ (“banana”).


ꦥꦼꦠꦼꦁ

From Old Javanese pĕtĕng, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pətəŋ. Cognate of Malay petang.


ꦗꦒ

From Old Javanese jaga (influenced by Pali jagga), jāgra (“to wake up; to be awake, watchful”), from Sanskrit जागर्ति (jāgarti), जागृ (jāgṛ).


ꦏꦶꦫꦶꦏ꧀

head

ꦏꦶꦫꦶꦏ꧀, kirik

jv-noun

ꦏꦶꦫꦶꦏ꧀, kirik

ꦏꦶꦫꦶꦏ꧀ (informal krama)
kirik (informal krama)

→ Indonesian: kirik (“pup, puppy”)

→ Malay: kirik (“pup, puppy”)

Inherited from Old Javanese kirik (“pup”), kirig (“to shake oneself”) (compare Javanese ꦏꦶꦫꦶꦒ꧀ (kirig, “to shudder; to shake”), Cebuano kirig (“to convulse”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kirik (“to tickle”).


ꦠꦫꦸꦤ

From Old Javanese taruṇa (“young”), from Pali taruṇa (“young”), from Sanskrit तरुण (taruṇa, “young”).


ꦲꦒꦸꦁ

desctree

→ Malay: agung
> Indonesian: agung (inherited)


ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ

Affixed N- + ꦲꦏꦸ (aku, “1st person personal pronoun”).

af

(linguistics) Neutral register of the Javanese language, in contrast to the polite register (krama).

(linguistics) Neutral terms, without polite and honorific senses, used in the Javanese neutral register.


ꦏꦸꦏꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese kukur (“to scratch”).


ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀

head

ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀ (urip)


ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀

ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀ (urip)


ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀

ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀ (urip)

→ Malay: urip

→ Indonesian: urip (“to live”)


ꦮꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: wong (“human, person”)

From Old Javanese wwang. Doublet of ꦧꦺꦴꦁ (bong).

1889, C.F. Winter, Dongèng Wewulang Becik (Volume 1), Landsdrukkerij, p. 7

To illustrate on such a tale, fortunate be a man who worship and devote to Allah, like for example to father.

Éliding dongèng mangkéné, rahayu wong kang angèstokaké sarta ngabekti ing Allah, kaya upamané marang bapa.

Ananging kahanan mau ora pati disumurupi utawa diajèni déning wong-wong saka Surakarta, kang padha among seneng mrono saben ing dina Nga'at.

1928, Dedongèngan, Balé Pustaka, page 3:

Although such situation were not quite understood nor respected by the people of Surakarta, who often went there every Sunday.

1889, C.F. Winter, Dongèng Wewulang Becik (Volume 2), Landsdrukkerij, p. 8

Then an adult passes by, said towards the children who fights on the rope, this is a deed of people who loves to dispute and scuffle on trivial things.

Anuli ana wong liwat, acalathu marang bocah kang padha rebutan tali, mangkono iku patuwasé wong dhemen padu kang pinadu barang rèmèh.

Ana wong sugih, dolan-dolan menyang désa, ing kono kepethuk karo bocah cilik siji, isih wuda mlaku ijèn.

1928, R.M. Aryasutirta, Paribasan, page 21:

There was a rich person, went for a walk on a village, there he met a small boy, naked and walked alone.

[...] sang tetindhih nulya nabda aglis / hèh Élia sira wongé Allah / paréntahku marang kowé / trang saka dhawuh prabu / lah mudhuna Élia dèn aglis / —

1880, Pepethikan saking Kitab Suci, page 179:

… the captain thus immediately said / lo Elijah follower of God / my order to you / to clarify on the king's decree / come down at once Elijah / —


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧ

Inherited from Old Javanese amba (“broad, wide”)


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧ

Inherited from Old Javanese amba, hamba (“servant, common soldier, comrade”), from Sanskrit.


ꦱꦺꦠ

From Old Javanese śweta, sita (“white”), from Sanskrit श्वेत (śveta, “white”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwaytás (“white”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt- (“bright; shine”).


ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ

→ Indonesian: banci

→ Malay: banci

From Old Javanese wañci (“timid, shy; character; deceitful”), bañcana, wañcana (“deception, deceitful”), from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “deceiving, trickery”).

der

Jangan bêning banci punika kenging kangge jampinipun tiyang ingkang gadhah sêsakit padhararan.

1929-10-26, Kajawèn, Balai Pustaka, page 1355-1356

a plant whose leaves are used in folk medicines or used as vegetable.


ꦱꦶꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese siti, kṣiti (“earth, ground, land”), from Sanskrit क्षिति (kṣiti, “ground”).


ꦠꦤ꧀ꦢꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese tandaṅ (“action, operation, attack; at once, immediately”)


ꦠꦥꦶꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: tapis (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese tapis (“thin layer”) (compare to Old Javanese anapis, tinapis (“to do or give only in moderation (not too thick)”, literally “to overlay”)).


ꦠꦶꦥꦶꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: tipis (“thin”)

Inherited from Old Javanese tipis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tipis (“thin”).


tyilik

ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀ ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦣꦲꦺꦫꦃꦲꦶꦯ꧀ꦡꦶꦩꦺꦮꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ

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ꦣꦲꦺꦫꦃꦲꦶꦯ꧀ꦡꦶꦩꦺꦮꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ

Dhaérah Istiméwa Ngayogyakarta
Dhaérah Istiméwa Ngayogyakarta#Javanese

Javanese spelling of Dhaérah Istiméwa Ngayogyakarta

en-ꦣꦲꦺꦫꦃꦲꦶꦯ꧀ꦡꦶꦩꦺꦮꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ-jv-name-gbMu2hlK


Dhaérah Istiméwa Ngayogyakarta

Special Region of Yogyakarta
Special Region of Yogyakarta#English

Special Region of Yogyakarta (a region of Indonesia)


ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ

desctree

→ Malay: undi (“to vote”)
Indonesian: undi

Inherited from Old Javanese uṇḍi (“ball”), from Tamil உண்டை (uṇṭai, “ball, dice”).


ꦗꦸꦫꦸ

→ Malay: juru

Indonesian: juru

Inherited from Old Javanese juru (“head, leader, chief; tradesman”).


ꦠꦩꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese tamu (“guest”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁mu, *t₁muj, *t₁muəj (“guest, visitor”). Doublet of ꦠꦼꦩꦸ (temu, “to meet”).


ꦱꦺꦴꦕ

Inherited from Old Javanese soca (“gem; eye”).


ꦱꦺꦴꦕ

potential branches on trees (bamboo, sugar cane, etc.)


ꦮꦺꦴꦃ

From Old Javanese wwah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq. Cognate with Malay buah.


ꦠꦺꦴꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese toh (“pledge, stake”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀuq (“to store, put away; to place a bet”).

inh

stake, pledge: that which is laid down as a wager; that which is staked or hazarded.


ꦠꦺꦴꦃ

→ Indonesian: toh

Inherited from Old Javanese twah (“birthmark”).


ꦏꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

→ English: kraton

→ Dutch: kraton

→ Indonesian: keraton

Affixed ꦫꦠꦸ (ratu) + ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han), from Old Javanese karatun (“kingship, royal dignity”).


tatanan

ꦠꦠꦤꦤ꧀ ꦠꦠꦤꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦫꦠꦸ

From Old Javanese ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu.


ꦲꦥ

Inherited from Old Javanese apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa.


ꦥꦸꦤꦥ

Inherited from Old Javanese punapa. Compare Balinese ᬧᬸᬦᬧᬶ (punapi).


ꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese wontĕn, wĕntĕn, wwantĕn (“there is (are); here is”), wwaya, wwara, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada.


ꦲꦉꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese arĕp, harĕp (“wish, desire”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀəp.


ꦲꦉꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese arĕp, harĕp (“front”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadəp. Doublet of ꦲꦝꦼꦥ꧀ (adhep).


ꦠꦠꦤꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: tatanan


ꦲꦤꦏ꧀

putra (romanization)
anak (romanization)

From Old Javanese anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.

child, offspring (female or male child, daughter or son)


ꦠꦔꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese taṅhi, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₂ŋiiʔ (“sun, day”) (compare to Khmer ថ្ងៃ (thngay, “day”)).


rancang

ꦫꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ ꦫꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ#Javanese


klambi

ꦏ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀ꦧꦶ ꦏ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀ꦧꦶ#Javanese


ꦫꦱꦸꦏꦤ꧀

Affixed of ꦫꦱꦸꦏ꧀ (rasuk) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an), from Old Javanese rasuk (“dress, attire; mail”).


ꦱꦤ꧀ꦝꦔꦤ꧀

Affixed of ꦱꦤ꧀ꦝꦁ (sandhang, “clothing”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an), from Old Javanese saṇḍaṅan (“clothes, dress, attire, ornament; part of the body where one carries”).


ꦮꦫꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese warak. Cognate of Malay and Indonesian badak.


ꦒꦩ꧀ꦥꦁ

→ Indonesian: gampang

→ Malay: gampang

Inherited from Old Javanese gampaṅ (“easy, easy-going, careless, unconcerned”), from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hampaŋ (“easy, promiscuous”).


ꦏ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀ꦧꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese kalambi, kulambi (“jacket”).

inh+

ꦏꦼꦭꦩ꧀ꦧꦶ

Banyumas, Brebes, Serang, Cirebon, Pemalang, Tegal


lestari

ꦊꦱ꧀ꦠꦫꦶ ꦊꦱ꧀ꦠꦫꦶ#Javanese


ꦲꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ari (“emphatic particle”).


ꦲꦫꦶ

→ Malay: ari

Inherited from Old Javanese ari, aḍi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huaji, from Proto-Austronesian *Suaji.

(archaic) sibling (younger person who shares same parents)


ꦲꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ari (“to cease”), harih, arih, hari, ari (“to soothe”).


ꦲꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ari (“enemy”), from Sanskrit अरि (ari, “enemy”).


ꦲꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese wari (“sun; day”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *waʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *waʀi.


ꦲꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese hari (“lion”), from Sanskrit हरि (hari, “lion”).


ꦧꦸꦝꦏ꧀

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (“slave”).


ꦧꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴꦏ꧀

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ꦧꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (borok)

→ Indonesian: borok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buduk (“sores on the scalp; 'cradle cap'”).


wuruk

ꦮꦸꦫꦸꦏ꧀ ꦮꦸꦫꦸꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦮꦸꦫꦸꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese wuruk (“calf; pupil, apprentice”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓɔɔʔ (“younger sibling”) (compare Khmer ប្អូន (pʼoun, “younger sibling”)) and *ruuh, *ruh (“young girl, virgin”).


ꦩꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦩ꧀

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ꦩꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦩ꧀ (mendem)

→ Indonesian: mendem, mendam

Inherited from Old Javanese mĕndĕm, mĕṇḍĕm (“drunk”), probably from Tamil மதம் (matam, “honey; madness, frenzy; inebriety, intoxication”), from Sanskrit मद (mada).


ꦱꦼꦭꦏ

→ Indonesian: selaka

→ Malay: selaka


ꦥꦺꦫꦏ꧀

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ꦥꦺꦫꦏ꧀ (pérak)

Inherited from Old Javanese pirak, from Malay pirak, from Proto-Malayic *pirak, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan [Term?], of Khmeric origin (compare to Khmer ប្រាក់ (prak, “silver”)).


ꦱꦸꦁꦱꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese suṅsaṅ (“upside-down, reversed”) (compare to Indonesian sungsang, Malay songsang), probably from Proto-Austroasiatic (compare Khmer សង (sɑɑng, “to repay, return; to flow back”)).


ꦒꦼꦣꦺꦴꦁ

→ Malay: gedung
Indonesian: gedung

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕḍoṅ (“a closed, stone building”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuŋ (“unpartitioned building”).

der

building: a closed structure with walls and a roof.


ꦲꦧꦸꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese awuk, hawuk (“ash”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabuk (“dust, sawdust”), *Rabuk (“decaying wood; dust, powder”), *-buk (“decay, crumble; powder”).


ꦧꦺꦴꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese bot, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀəqat (compare Malay berat).


sugeng rawuh

ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁꦫꦮꦸꦃ ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁꦫꦮꦸꦃ#Javanese


ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁꦫꦮꦸꦃ

Compound of ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁ (sugeng) + ꦫꦮꦸꦃ (rawuh, “to come”).


ꦧꦚꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese bañak (“goose”). Compare to Middle Chinese 鴻雁 (ɦuŋ ŋˠanᴴ).


ꦫꦮꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese rawuh (“to fall; to come, to arrive”) (compare Balinese ᬭᬯᬸᬄ (rauh, “to come, to arrive”)), ḍawuh (“to fall”).


ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁ

Compound of ꦱꦸ (su, “good, wellness”) + ꦒꦼꦁ (geng, “big; large; great”).


ꦭꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴ

From roro, reduplication of ro, from Old Javanese rwa-rwa, rwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.

(ngoko) two: a numerical value equal to 2; the second number in the set of natural numbers (Ngoko Register)


ꦒꦼꦫꦃ

→ Indonesian: gerah (“hot”)

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕrah, grah (“weak, powerless; painful; hot”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *rah, *ruh, *ruəh, *ruuh, *rəh (“to fall, be shed”).


ꦏꦭꦶꦃ

→ Musi: (bebaso) kali

Affixed ꦲꦭꦶꦃ (alih, “to move, to change residence; to change”) + ꦏ- (ka-), inherited from Old Javanese kalih, kālih (“two”).

inh+

(krama) two: a numerical value equal to 2; the second number in the set of natural numbers


ꦏꦭꦶ

→ Betawi: kali

→ Dutch: kali

→ Indonesian: kali

→ Malay: kali

Inherited from Old Javanese kali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali.


ꦏꦭꦶ

Borrowed from Arabic قَاضِي (qāḍī, “judge”). Cognate Malay kadi, Portuguese alicali.


ambèn

ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦤ꧀ ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦤ꧀

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ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦤ꧀ (ambèn)

→ Indonesian: amben

From Old Javanese amben, ambyan (“couch”), ambe (“bed, couch”, literally “invoke, invite”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sambut (“to catch, receive something”).


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦤ꧀

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ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ (amben)

→ Indonesian: amben

Inherited from Old Javanese ambĕn, hambĕn (“bind”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *amben.


ꦱꦼꦱꦏ꧀

→ Malay: sesak

Indonesian: sesak

Inherited from Old Javanese sĕsĕk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *seksek.


ꦢꦶꦥ

Inherited from Old Javanese dīpa (“lamp”), from Sanskrit दीप (dīpa, “lamp, lantern; light”).


ꦢꦶꦥ

Inherited from Old Javanese dipak (“elephant”)


ꦢꦶꦥ

Inherited from Old Javanese dīpa (“island”), from Pali dīpa (“island”), from Sanskrit द्वीप (dvīpa). Doublet of ꦢ꧀ꦮꦶꦥ (dwipa).


ꦊꦩꦼꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: lemas (semantic loan)

desctree

→ Sundanese: ᮜᮨᮙᮨᮞ᮪ (lemes)
→ Indonesian: lemas (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese lĕmĕs (“pliancy, suppleness, slenderness; softness, silkiness”).


ꦏꦼꦧꦺꦴꦤ꧀

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ꦏꦼꦧꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kebon)

→ Banjarese: kebon (kota)

→ Dutch: kebon

→ Peranakan Indonesian: kebon


cadhangan

ꦕꦝꦔꦤ꧀ ꦕꦝꦔꦤ꧀#Javanese

Romanization of ꦕꦝꦔꦤ꧀ (“reserve, spare”)


ꦕꦝꦔꦤ꧀

desc

→ Indonesian: cadangan (“reserve, spare”) (semantic loan)


ꦕꦝꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese caḍaṅ (“preparation”).


ꦥꦗꦼꦒ꧀

→ Indonesian: pajak (semantic loan)

→ Sundanese: ᮕᮏᮨᮌ᮪ (pajeg)

Inherited from Old Javanese pajĕg (“arrangement”).


ꦥꦶꦠ꧀

→ Indonesian: pit (“bicycle”)


ꦕꦺꦭꦺꦔꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: celengan


pecel

ꦥꦼꦕꦼꦭ꧀ ꦥꦼꦕꦼꦭ꧀#Javanese


ꦧꦤꦱ꧀ꦥꦠꦶ

→ Indonesian: banaspati

Inherited from Old Javanese banaspati (“wood-devil; big tree”), from Sanskrit वनस्पति (vanaspati, “name of a gandharvī”).


ꦫꦢꦶꦠꦾ

Inherited from Old Javanese raditya (compare Balinese ᬋᬤᬶᬢᬾ (Redité, “Sunday”)).


ꦥꦧꦺꦪꦤ꧀

→ Hokkien: 泊面 (po̍h-biān, “custom”)

→ Indonesian: pabean (“custom”)


ꦧꦺꦪ

desctree

→ Malay: bea
Indonesian: bea
→ Min Nan: 傌仔／骂仔 (bé-á)

Inherited from Old Javanese beya, from Sanskrit व्यय (vyaya).


ꦭꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀

→ Malay: lakon

→ Indonesian: lakon

→ Thai: ละคร (lá-kɔɔn)
→ English: lakorn (“Thai television drama”)
→ Khmer: ល្ខោន (lkhaon, “play; show; drama”)
→ Lao: ລະຄອນ (la khǭn, “show, play, drama”)

Affixed ꦭꦏꦸ (laku) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an), inherited from Old Javanese lakwan (“going, where or how one goes, walking or travelling distance”).


ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀

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ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀ (radèn)

→ Malay: raden, radin

Indonesian: raden

Inherited from Old Javanese rahadyan, rahaden, radyan, raden, affixed ra (“His Honour, Your Honour”) + hadyan (“lord, master”).


ꦝꦱꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍasar (“base, bottom; workshop”).


ꦮꦪꦁ

ringgit (romanization)
wayang (romanization)

→ Dutch: wajang

→ English: wajang

→ English: wayang

→ Indonesian: wayang

→ Madurese: bâjâng

desctree

→ Malay: wayang
→ Hokkien: 花英 (hoa-iaⁿ) (?)

→ Peranakan Indonesian: wajang

traditional arts performance (shadow puppetry, theatrical, dance, etc.)

shadow play, specifically wayang:
the puppet in the shadow play

shadow play, specifically wayang:
the performance of shadow play


ꦪꦸꦪꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese yuyu, hayuyu (“crab”). Compare to Balinese ᬬᬸᬬᬸ (“crab”).


ꦢꦶꦭꦃ

→ Malay: dilah (“lamp; lantern”)

Indonesian: dilah (“lamp; lantern”)

From Old Javanese dilah (“flame”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”) (compare to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilat, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilap (“to lick”)), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”).


ꦗꦸꦏꦸꦠ꧀

→ Sundanese: ᮏᮥᮊᮥᮒ᮪ (jukut, “grass”)


ꦭꦶꦝꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese liḍah (“tongue”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”). Cognate of Indonesian lidah (“tongue”).


ꦢꦶꦭꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese dilat, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”) (compare to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilat, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilap (“to lick”)), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”).


kandhil

ꦏꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦭ꧀ ꦏꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦭ꧀#Javanese


ꦏꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦭ꧀

Borrowed from Malay kandil, from Persian قندیل (qandil), from Arabic قِنْدِيل (qindīl), from Classical Syriac ܩܢܕܠܐ (qandēlā), from Ancient Greek κάνδηλα (kándēla), from Latin candēla (“candle”).


ꦲꦸꦭꦼꦂ

→ Indonesian: uler (“caterpillar”)


ꦢꦶꦪꦤ꧀

desctree

→ Malay: dian
Indonesian: dian
→ Iban: dian

Possibly borrowed from Austroasiatic. Compare Angkorian Old Khmer dyān, dyan (“candle”), Thai เทียน (tiian). Or alternatively inherited from Old Javanese dyan, hadyan (“lord, master”).


ꦠꦏ꧀ꦱꦏ

→ Indonesian: taksaka

Inherited from Old Javanese taksaka, from Sanskrit तक्षक (takṣaka).


ꦭꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese laṇḍĕp (“sharpness, pointedness”).


ꦥꦺꦴꦭꦃ

desc

→ Indonesian: polah (“conduct, behaviour”)


ꦏꦼꦭꦶꦂ

desctree

→ Malay: kelir
Indonesian: kelir (“screen”)


ꦲꦮꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese awak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hawak.


polah

ꦥꦺꦴꦭꦃ ꦥꦺꦴꦭꦃ#Javanese


ꦠꦺꦴꦭꦏ꧀

From Old Javanese tulak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”).


paséban

ꦥꦱꦺꦧꦤ꧀ ꦥꦱꦺꦧꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦱꦺꦧꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: paséban

Affixed ꦱꦺꦧ (séba, “to appear for loyalty”) + ꦥ- -ꦤ꧀ (pa- -n), inherited from Old Javanese pasewan.


ꦱꦺꦧ

Inherited from Old Javanese sewa (“service; attendance; worship, reverence; homage”), from Sanskrit सेवा (sevā).


ésuk

ꦲꦺꦱꦸꦏ꧀ ꦲꦺꦱꦸꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦶꦱꦸꦏ꧀

head

ꦲꦶꦱꦸꦏ꧀ (isuk)

ꦲꦺꦱꦸꦏ꧀ ꦲꦺꦱꦸꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦒꦼꦭꦂ

→ Indonesian: gelar

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕlar (“laying out; deployment, battle-array”, literally “spreading”).


ꦒꦼꦭꦂ

Borrowed from Malay gelar (“title”). Compare Old Javanese galar (“something used for counting or auguring”).


ꦥꦒꦼꦭꦫꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: pagelaran, pergelaran

Affixed ꦒꦼꦭꦂ (gelar) + ꦥ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (pa- -han), inherited from Old Javanese pagĕlaran.

act, display, engagement, exhibition, performance, show


ꦫꦶꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese dina (“day; daylight”), from Sanskrit दिन (dina, “a day”).


ꦱꦶꦪꦁ

desctree

→ Malay: siang
> Indonesian: siang (inherited)

Inherited from Old Javanese siyaṅ (“daytime”).

inh+

the time between 10 o'clock until 15 o'clock


ꦫꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦫꦶꦤ (rina) + -ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (-ten), inherited from Old Javanese dintĕn. Doublet of ꦢꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (dinten).


ꦲꦮꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese awan (“midday, noon”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hawan (“atmosphere”).

(ngoko) the time between 10 o'clock until 15 o'clock


ꦲꦺꦱꦸꦏ꧀

head

ꦲꦺꦱꦸꦏ꧀ (ésuk)


ꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: pamong

Affixed ꦥ- (pa-) + ꦲꦩꦺꦴꦁ (among, “to take care, to handle, to protect”).


ꦥꦿꦗ

→ Indonesian: praja

Inherited from Old Javanese prajā (“all subjects, country, realms”), from Sanskrit प्रजा (prajā, “subject of a king, rule”).


ꦱꦺꦮ

Borrowed from Malay sewa, from Arabic سَاوَى (sāwā, “to cost”).


ꦭꦺꦴꦂ

→ Indonesian: lor

From Old Javanese lor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lahud, from Proto-Austronesian *lahud.


ꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁꦥꦿꦗ

→ Indonesian: pamong praja

Compound of ꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁ (pamong) + ꦥꦿꦗ (praja).


ꦩꦭꦩ꧀

→ Indonesian: malam

Inherited from Old Javanese malam, from Gujarati મલમ (malam, “ointment or paste made of wax”), from Classical Persian مرهم (marham), from Arabic مَرْهَم (marham).


mancanagara

ꦩꦚ꧀ꦕꦤꦒꦫ ꦩꦚ꧀ꦕꦤꦒꦫ#Javanese


ꦩꦫꦠꦸꦮ

desctree

→ Malay: mertua, mentua
Indonesian: mertua

Probably ꦩꦫ (mara) + ꦠꦸꦮ (tuwa, “old”), compare mara (“so that”) + tuwa, tuha (“old”).


ꦠꦸꦮ

→ Peranakan Indonesian: toewa

Inherited from Old Javanese tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)tuqah.

(of spiritual knowledge) of completeness


ꦥꦿꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese prada (“giving, yielding, granting”), from Sanskrit प्रद (prada, “giving, bestowing”). Cognate of Balinese ᬧ᭄ᬭᬤ (prada, “decorative batik technique using melted gold”).


ꦭꦮꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese lawan, lāwan (“adversary, match, opponent; with; and; moreover”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laban (“beside; oppose”).


ꦭꦮꦤ꧀

→ Banjarese: lawan


ꦫꦲꦪꦸ

→ Indonesian: rahayu


ꦮꦕ

Inherited from Old Javanese waca, from Sanskrit वाचा (vācā).


ꦧꦺꦴꦁ

desc

→ Indonesian: bong (“traditional circumcision attendant”)

Inherited from Old Javanese woṅ, wwaṅ (“human being, man; attendant”). Doublet of ꦮꦺꦴꦁ (wong).

inh+

ꦧꦺꦴꦁꦱꦸꦥꦶꦠ꧀ ꦧꦺꦴꦁꦱꦸꦥꦶꦠ꧀#Javanese

ellipsis of ꦧꦺꦴꦁꦱꦸꦥꦶꦠ꧀ (bong supit, “person other than a doctor who performs a circumcision”).


luyung

ꦭꦸꦪꦸꦁ ꦭꦸꦪꦸꦁ#Javanese


ꦭꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: laos (“galangal”)

Inherited from Old Javanese laja, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laqia (“ginger”). Compare Chinese 辣椒 (làjiāo).


ꦠꦼꦩꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese tĕmu (“meeting, joining, touching”), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təmu (“to meet, receive; greet a guest”), or alternatively from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁mu, *t₁muj, *t₁muəj (“guest, visitor”). Doublet of ꦠꦩꦸ (tamu).


ꦠꦼꦩꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese tĕmu (“particular kind of plant”), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *temu (“turmeric”).


ꦠꦸꦫꦸꦤ꧀

desc

→ Indonesian: turun (“to copy”) (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese turun (“descend”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuʀun (“to descend, go down; to lower”).


ꦫꦒꦶꦭ꧀

→ Indonesian: ragil

youngest, lastborn (born last in a family)


ragil

ꦫꦒꦶꦭ꧀ ꦫꦒꦶꦭ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦭꦶꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese alih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aliq.


A letter of the Javanese script, which is attached to letters to form a consonant cluster with an "-r-" phoneme. (Examples: ꦏꦿ = kra, ꦏꦿꦺ = kre, ꦏꦿꦶ = kri)


ꦏ

The fifth letter of the Aksara Nglegena in Hanacaraka order of the Javanese script. Representing unvoiced, unaspirated velar consonant (k /k/) with "a" inherent vowel.

The first letter of the Aksara Wyanjana in Brahmic order of the Javanese script. Representing unvoiced, unaspirated velar consonant (k /k/) with "a" inherent vowel.


ꦊꦱ꧀ꦠꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese lastari (“immediately; thereupon”).


ꦥꦼꦂꦕꦪ

desctree

→ Malay: percaya, (informal) caya
Indonesian: percaya
→ Maranao: paratiyaya
→ Tausug: paratsaya

Inherited from Old Javanese parcaya, pracaya, from Sanskrit प्रत्यय (pratyaya).


ꦭꦸꦲꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese luhur, ruhur, ḍuhur (“above”). Doublet of ꦝꦸꦮꦸꦂ (dhuwur).


ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦲꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦃ (kumbah, “to wash”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an). Cognate of Malay kumbahan (“sewage”).


kumbahan

ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦲꦤ꧀ ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦮꦠꦼꦱ꧀

From Old Javanese watĕs, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batəs.


ꦱꦫꦱꦺꦲꦤ꧀

Probably affixation of ꦫꦱꦺꦃ (rasèh) + s- -n, probably from rāśi (“heap, mass, pile, quantity; a sign of the zodiac”).


ꦮꦤ꧀ꦢ

→ Balinese: ᬯᬦ᭄ᬤ (wanda)

→ Indonesian: wanda

Unknown, probably from Old Javanese *wandha (compare awandha, kawandha (“headless trunk; a kind of cloud”, literally “big barrel”)), from Sanskrit कबन्ध (kabandha, “barrel; headless trunk”), बन्ध (bandha, “pack, bundle”).
Doublet of ꦧꦤ꧀ꦢ (banda, “body”).


ꦭꦲꦂ

→ English: lahar

→ Indonesian: lahar

→ Malay: lahar

Inherited from Old Javanese walahar (“mountain-stream”) (compare to Old Javanese balabar (“to stream (scatter) in all directions”) for the stream sense).


ꦥꦠꦶꦃ

patih (romanization)
ꦥꦠꦶꦃ (informal)
ꦥꦠꦶꦃ (krama-ngoko)

Inherited from Old Javanese patih, pati, from Sanskrit पति (pati, “master, ruler”).


ꦕꦠꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese catur (“four; a type of chess”), from Sanskrit चतुर् (catur, “four”).


ꦕꦠꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese catur (“four; a type of chess”), from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga, “four limbs”).


tuwung

ꦠꦸꦮꦸꦁ ꦠꦸꦮꦸꦁ#Javanese


kelakon

ꦏꦼꦭꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀ ꦏꦼꦭꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦱꦸꦏꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦱꦸꦏ꧀ (suk) + ꦥ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (pa- -han).


ꦏꦼꦭꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀

⇒ Malay: kelakonan (“achievement”)

Affixed ꦭꦏꦸ (laku) + ꦏꦼ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ke- -han), inherited from Old Javanese kalakun, kalakwan (“to set in motion, to practise, to realize”).


pasokan

ꦥꦱꦺꦴꦏꦤ꧀ ꦥꦱꦺꦴꦏꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦱꦺꦴꦏꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: pasokan (“supply”)

Affixed ꦱꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (sok) + ꦥ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (pa- -han).


ꦥꦱꦺꦴꦏ꧀

→ Indonesian: pasok


ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦲꦱꦺꦠꦠ꧀

head

ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦲꦱꦺꦠꦠ꧀ (asem asétat)


ꦱꦶꦏ꧀ꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese śikṣā (“learning, study, knowledge, art, skill; instruction; punishment”), from Sanskrit शिक्षा (śikṣā, “punishment, chastisement”).


ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦥ꦳ꦠ꧀

head

ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦥ꦳ꦠ꧀ (asem sulfat)


ꦲꦢꦲꦶꦤꦶ

→ Indonesian: adaini


abul

ꦲꦧꦸꦭ꧀ ꦲꦧꦸꦭ꧀#Javanese


ꦮꦱ꧀ꦠꦿ

desc

→ Indonesian: wastra (“traditional fabrics”)

Inherited from Old Javanese wastra (“garment, clothes”), from Sanskrit वस्त्र (vastra, “clothing, garment”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wástram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wástram, from Proto-Indo-European *wéstrom, *wes- (“to wear”).


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦭꦼꦁ

→ Indonesian: amleng


ꦒꦒ

→ Indonesian: gaga (“dry field”)

Inherited from Old Javanese gagā (“unirrigated rice field”).


ꦒꦒꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese gāgā, gāgak, gagak (“crow”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gakgak (“caw, as a crow; raucous talking of people”), probably onomatopoeic.


ꦉꦒ

Inherited from Old Javanese argha, from Sanskrit अर्घ (argha). Cognate of Iban rega.


ꦥꦤ꧀ꦝꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese paṇḍo (“female attendants or servants”).


ꦗꦗꦲꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦗꦗꦃ (jajah, “explorative”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an), inherited from Old Javanese jajahan (“dependency”).


ꦲꦁꦏꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese aṅkat (“departure, getting up”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aŋkat. Doublet of ꦲꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀ (ungkad).


ꦲꦁꦏꦠ꧀

ꦲꦁꦏꦠꦤ꧀ ꦲꦁꦏꦠꦤ꧀#Javanese

Apocopic form of ꦲꦁꦏꦠꦤ꧀ (angkatan, “force”)


ꦲꦁꦏꦠ꧀

ꦔꦁꦏꦠ꧀ ꦔꦁꦏꦠ꧀#Javanese

ꦔꦁꦏꦠꦏꦺ ꦔꦁꦏꦠꦏꦺ#Javanese


soré

ꦱꦺꦴꦫꦺ ꦱꦺꦴꦫꦺ#Javanese


ꦠꦝꦃ

→ Malay: tadah
Indonesian: tadah

Inherited from Old Javanese taḍah (“food, meal; evening”). Cognate of Indonesian tadah.


ꦱꦺꦴꦫꦺ

head

ꦱꦺꦴꦫꦺ (soré)

→ Indonesian: sore (“afternoon”)


ꦮꦝꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese waḍah (“vessel, container”).


ꦲꦠꦶ

From Old Javanese hati, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay.


ꦢꦩꦶ

Carakan spelling of dami (“dried rice straw”)


kendhali

ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦭꦶ ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦭꦶ#Javanese


ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦭꦶ

→ Malay: kendali

Indonesian: kendali (“rein; control”)

Inherited from Old Javanese kuṇḍali, from Sanskrit कुण्डल (kuṇḍala, “ear-ring, rope, tie”).


santen

ꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ ꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀#Javanese


ménak

ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀ ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀#Javanese

Romanization of ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀ (“obsolete title for a nobleman”, literally “comfortable”)


énak

ꦲꦺꦤꦏ꧀ ꦲꦺꦤꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦼꦊꦩ꧀

Borrowed from Tamil பழம் (paḻam, “fruit”). Doublet of ꦥꦭ (pala) and ꦥꦲꦭ (pahala).


ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀

head

ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀ (uduk)

Inherited from Old Javanese wuduk (“fat, grease”).


ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀

head

ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀ (uduk)

→ Betawi: uduk

→ Indonesian: uduk


ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀

ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀ (uduk)


ꦠꦠ

desc

→ Indonesian: tata (“order; arrangement; system”)

Inherited from Old Javanese tatā (“arrangement, ordering; fixed order, rule”), from Pali tathā (“in this way”), from Sanskrit तथा (tathā, “in that manner”).


ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀

head

ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀ (ménak)


ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀

ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀ (ménak)


ꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

→ Dutch: santen (“coconut milk”)


ꦱꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese sari, sāri (“quintessence; pollen, flower”). Doublet of ꦱꦫ (sara).


ꦱꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese sari (“continuously, constantly, uninterruptedly, lastingly; day after day”).


ꦲꦺꦤꦏ꧀

énak (romanization)
ꦲꦺꦤꦏ꧀ (informal)
ꦲꦺꦕ (krama)

Inherited from Old Javanese enak, menak, inak (“well-being; peace; ease, easy; enjoyment, satisfaction”).


dhawet

ꦝꦮꦼꦠ꧀ ꦝꦮꦼꦠ꧀#Javanese


ꦝꦮꦼꦠ꧀

→ Indonesian: dawet

(cooking) drink from coconut milk and melted sugar with lumps of rice-flour


ꦏꦫꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese kāraṇa (“cause, reason; stratagem, trick”), from Sanskrit कारण (kāraṇa, “cause; reason”).


yustisi

ꦪꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦶꦱꦶ ꦪꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦶꦱꦶ#Javanese


ketimbang

ꦏꦼꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ ꦏꦼꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ#Javanese


ꦏꦸꦂꦱꦶ

Borrowed from Malay kursi, from Arabic كُرْسِيّ (kursiyy).


wènten

ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

head

ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (wènten)

Inherited from Old Javanese wĕntĕn, wontĕn, wwantĕn (“there is (are); here is”), wwaya, wwara (“to be there; to be present”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada. Doublet of ꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (wonten).

inh+

(Serang, bagongan, kadhaton) there is/are; to be


ꦩꦤꦶꦫ

→ Malay: manira
Indonesian: manira

Inherited from Old Javanese manira (“first personal pronoun”).

inh+

(bagongan, kadhaton) I (first personal pronoun)


ꦕꦸꦫꦶꦒ

Inherited from Old Javanese curiga (“kris”), from Sanskrit छुरिका (churikā, “knive”).


ꦥꦿꦩꦺꦱ꧀ꦮꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese pramiswari (“queen”), from Sanskrit परमेश्वरी (parameśvarī, “supreme lady”).


ꦧꦺꦴꦪ

Inherited from Old Javanese woya, wwaya (“to be (there, present)”).


ꦠꦼꦝ

Inherited from Old Javanese tĕḍa (“food; (humble) request”), taḍah (“catching container; receptacle; food, meal; evening”).


ꦤꦼꦝ

Affixed N- + ꦠꦼꦝ (tedha), inherited from Old Javanese nĕḍa


ꦗꦸꦫꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese juruh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zuʀuq.


ꦲꦸꦭꦩ꧀

ulam (romanization)
oelam (romanization)

Inherited from Old Javanese ulam (“fish; flesh, meat”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulam (“side dish”).


ꦲꦶꦮꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese iwak. Cognate of Sundanese ᮄᮝᮊ᮪ (iwak).

ꦝꦺꦮꦺꦏꦺꦩꦔꦤ꧀ꦩꦸꦁꦱꦼꦒꦏꦫꦺꦴꦲꦶꦮꦏ꧀ꦠꦺꦩ꧀ꦥꦺ꧉

He only ate rice with tempeh as its side dish.

Dhèwèké mangan mung sega karo iwak témpé.

side dish especially in a rice-based meal

ꦲꦏꦺꦃꦮꦺꦴꦁꦲꦢꦺꦴꦭ꧀ꦲꦶꦮꦏ꧀ꦥꦶꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦥꦱꦂ꧉

Many people are selling chicken meat at the market.

ꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃꦥꦝꦒꦺꦴꦭꦺꦏ꧀ꦲꦶꦮꦏ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦭꦶ꧉


ꦭꦮꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese lawĕh, lawuh (“side dish”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lahuk (“mixed, as foods”).

inh

(ngoko) side dish especially in a rice-based meal


ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

head

ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (beton)

Affixed ꦧꦠꦸ (batu, “rock, stone”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).


ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (beton)

Borrowed from Dutch beton, from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).


ꦧꦠꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese batu (“grain”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batu, from Proto-Austronesian *batu. Doublet of ꦮꦠꦸ (watu).
* For the sense of battery, compare to dialectal Chinese 電石／电石 (“battery”, literally “electric stone”) and Japanese 電石(エレクトレット) (erekutoretto, “electret”).


prakosa

ꦥꦿꦏꦺꦴꦱ ꦥꦿꦏꦺꦴꦱ#Javanese


ꦥꦿꦏꦺꦴꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese prakosa (“violent, fierce, untamable, forcible”), from Sanskrit प्रकाश (prakāśa, “visible, shining, bright; manifest, public; universally noted, famous; clearness, brightness, splendour; publicity, fame”). Doublet of ꦥꦿꦏꦱ (prakasa).


ꦫꦸꦔꦸ

→ Indonesian: rungu (“hearing”)

Inherited from Old Javanese ruṅu, rĕṅö, ḍĕṅö (“to hear”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋəʀ.

inh

ruṅu, rĕṅö, ḍĕṅö

inh+

ruṅu, rĕṅö, ḍĕṅö


ꦮꦶꦭꦶꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: wilis (“dark green”)

Inherited from Old Javanese wilis (“green, dark-green; fresh; young”).


ꦮꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦸ

→ Indonesian: windu (“eight years”)

Inherited from Old Javanese windu (“drop; moon; zero; ten, a period of ten years”), from Sanskrit विन्दु (vindu), a variant of बिन्दु (bindu, “drop, point”).


ꦭꦸꦫꦃ

→ Indonesian: lurah (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese lurah (“chief, officer, head; region, province”, literally “ravine, gorge, valley, depth”).


ꦩꦭꦶꦒꦺ

Borrowed from Malay maligai, from Tamil மாளிகை (māḷikai, “palace”), from Sanskrit मलिक (malika, “king”).


ꦠꦸꦏꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese tukaṅ (“lemur”).


ꦏꦥꦭ

Alternative spelling of ꦏꦼꦥꦭ (kepala, “chief, head; supervisor”)


ꦩꦒꦁ

→ Malay: magang (“apprentice”)

Indonesian: magang (“apprentice”)

Unknown,
* probably from Old Javanese ma- + gaṅ (“stalk”).
* probably from Old Javanese ma- + gĕṅ, göṅ (“bigness, largeness, strength”).


ꦏꦼꦥꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese kapāla (“skull, upper part of the head”), from Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull, cranium; bowl”).

der

(literary) head: the part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs.


ꦏꦫꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese karaṅ (“coral, reef”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”).

inh

coral, a hard substance made of the limestone skeletons of marine polyps.

coral reef, a reef formed by compacted coral skeletons.


ꦏꦫꦁ

→ Indonesian: karang (“assembly place”)

Inherited from Old Javanese karaṅ (“place, yard”).


ꦏꦫꦁ

→ Malay: karang (“to compose”)

desc

Indonesian: karang (“to compose, to create”)

Inherited from Old Javanese karaṅ (“garland”).


ꦱꦼꦒ

Audio

Inherited from Old Javanese sĕga (“cooked rice”).


ꦲꦉꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese harĕṅ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qajeŋ


ꦒꦒꦁ

→ Malay: gagang

Indonesian: gagang

Inherited from Old Javanese gagaṅ (“stalk”), gaṅ (“stalk”).


ꦧꦼꦏꦼꦭ꧀

→ Indonesian: bekel

Inherited from Old Javanese bĕkĕl (“head, leader, officer”).


lonthong

ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ#Javanese


ꦒꦧꦃ

→ Indonesian: gabah (“unhusked rice”)

Inherited from Old Javanese gabah, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaʔ (“paddy”). Compare Temiar baa (“rice plants, husked rice”), Semai ba (“rice”), Proto-Khasian *kba (“paddy rice”).


ꦥꦸꦭꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese puli (“a kind of rice cracker”).


ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: lontong

Unknown, cognate of Indonesian lontong (“a kind of rice cake”).


ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: lontong


ꦠꦸꦩ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tum (“to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁um (“to boil, to distil”) (compare Thai ต้ม (dtôm, “to boil”), Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).

der

(cooking) to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed


dhedhak

ꦝꦼꦝꦏ꧀ ꦝꦼꦝꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦏꦫꦏ꧀

Unknown, probably cognate of Malay kerak (“crust”).


bekatul

ꦧꦼꦏꦠꦸꦭ꧀ ꦧꦼꦏꦠꦸꦭ꧀#Javanese


ꦧꦸꦧꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese bubur (“porridge; crushed, destroyed, collapsed”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀbuʀ.


ꦝꦼꦝꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍĕḍĕk (“rice bran”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəkdək (“pulverize, crush by pounding”) (compare Tagalog darak (“bran”)) or Proto-Mon-Khmer *lʔək (“rice-bran”).


ꦩꦼꦤꦶꦂ

→ Indonesian: menir

Inherited from Old Javanese *mĕnir (“kernel, grain”).

inh+

certain soup made from young corn mixed with spinach


ꦩꦼꦤꦶꦂ

Borrowed from Dutch meneer (“sir, mister”), mijnheer, from Middle Dutch mijnhere.


ꦲꦱꦠ꧀

→ Indonesian: asat (“dried”)

Inherited from Old Javanese asat (“dry, dried up, run dry”, literally “non-being”), from Sanskrit असत् (asat, “non-existent, unreal; fake, false; untrue, wrong; bad; non-existence; non-existence; evil”).


ꦗꦮꦶ

Java: An island in the Indonesian Archipelago.


ꦗꦮꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese jaba (“outside”).


sindhèn

ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀ ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀

head

ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀ (sindhèn)

→ Indonesian: sinden

Inherited from Old Javanese siṇḍyan (“allusion”), siṇḍi (“allusion, innuendo”) + -an.


ꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦿ

Inherited from Old Javanese śāstra (“scripture; science; letter, script”), from Sanskrit शास्त्र (śāstra).


ꦥꦼꦠꦶꦱ꧀

Probably form Old Javanese pa- + tis, tes (“drop”). Cognate of Tagalog patis.


ꦥꦫꦺꦴ

→ Indonesian: paro

Inherited from Old Javanese paro, parwa (“half”), from Sanskrit पर्व (parva), पर्वन् (parvan, “division, section”).


ꦠꦔ꧀ꦒꦸꦭ꧀

From Old Javanese taṅgul, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋgul (“defend oneself, parry a blow”).

inh

earth dam built in rice paddies to control the flow of water


ꦲꦁꦒ

Inherited from Old Javanese aṅga (“limb, member; the body; subordinate division”).


ꦗꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese jati (“teak”).


ꦗꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese jāti (“birth, nature, caste; reality; natural; really, actually; truthful”).


ꦢꦢꦶ

dadi (romanization)
dadi (informal)
dados (krama)


ꦢꦢꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese dadhi (“thick sour milk”), from Sanskrit दधि (dadhi).


karajan

ꦏꦫꦗꦤ꧀ ꦏꦫꦗꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦏꦫꦗꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦫꦗ (raja) + ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han). Doublet of ꦏꦿꦗꦤ꧀ (krajan).


ꦏꦿꦗꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦫꦗ (raja) + ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han). Doublet of ꦏꦫꦗꦤ꧀ (karajan).

main settlement of Javanese village where village head resides


sénapati

ꦱꦺꦤꦥꦠꦶ ꦱꦺꦤꦥꦠꦶ#Javanese


senopati

ꦱꦺꦤꦥꦠꦶ ꦱꦺꦤꦥꦠꦶ#Javanese


ꦥꦿꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦶ

→ Indonesian: prasasti (“stele”)

Inherited from Old Javanese praśasti (“charter, edict, inscription”), from Sanskrit प्रशस्ति (praśasti, “eulogistic inscription”).


ꦤꦪꦏ

→ Malay: nayaka (“minister”)

Indonesian: nayaka (“minister”)

Inherited from Old Javanese nāyaka (“chief, leader, commander; foremost among, surpassing the others”), from Sanskrit नायक (nāyaka, “guide, leader, chief, lord, principal”).


ꦱꦺꦤꦥꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese senāpati (“general”), from Sanskrit सेनापति (senāpati, “commandant, commander, general”).


sudagar

ꦱꦸꦢꦒꦂ ꦱꦸꦢꦒꦂ#Javanese


ꦱꦸꦢꦒꦂ

desc

→ Indonesian: sudagar (“merchant, trader”)

Inherited from Old Javanese sudagar (“merchant, trader”), from Persian سوداگر (sowdâgar, “merchant, trader”).


ꦱꦸꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese śuddha (“subtracted, diminished; subtraction”), from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha, “pure; clear; clean; true; right; accurate; simple”).


cakrawarti

ꦕꦏꦿꦮꦂꦠꦶ ꦕꦏꦿꦮꦂꦠꦶ#Javanese


ꦱꦸꦝꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese śuddhi (“purity, purification; pure, bright; willing, benevolent”), from Sanskrit शुद्धि (śuddhi, “innocence, genuineness”).


ꦕꦏꦿ

Inherited from Old Javanese cakra (“wheel; discus”), from Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá).


ꦕꦏꦿꦮꦂꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese cakrawarti (“chakravartin”), from Sanskrit चक्रवर्तिन् (cakravartin, “chakravartin”).

der

chakravartin, wheel-turner (a title of emperor)


ꦱꦸꦒꦠ

inherited from Old Javanese swāgata (“welcome, welcoming”), from Sanskrit स्वागत (svāgata, “welcome”).


ꦲꦗꦶ

Borrowed from Indonesian haji, from Malay haji, from Arabic حَجِّيّ (ḥajjiyy, “hajji”), حَجّ (ḥajj, “hajj”).

(Islam) hajji: one who has participated in a hajj.


ꦲꦗꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese haji (“king”).


ꦲꦗꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese aji (“holy writ, scripture, sacred text; authoritative text; sacred formula; value”).


kundha

ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ#Javanese


ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦏꦧꦸꦢꦪꦤ꧀

head

ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦏꦧꦸꦢꦪꦤ꧀

Compound of ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ (kundha, “service”) + ꦏꦧꦸꦢꦪꦤ꧀ (kabudayan, “culture”).

com

(Yogyakarta, government) culture department


kundha kabudayan

ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦏꦧꦸꦢꦪꦤ꧀ ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦏꦧꦸꦢꦪꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦱꦱꦤ

→ Indonesian: sasana (“arena, stadium”)

Reduplication of ꦱꦤ (sana, “place, position, site”).


kundha niti mandala sarta tata sasana

ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭꦱꦂꦠꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭꦱꦂꦠꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ#Javanese

Romanization of ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭꦱꦂꦠꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ


kapanèwon

ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦱꦂꦠ

Cognate of Indonesian serta, Sundanese ᮞᮁᮒ (sarta).


ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭꦱꦂꦠꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ

head

ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭꦱꦂꦠꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ

ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭꦱꦂꦠꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ (kundha niti mandala sarta tata sasana)

kundha niti mandala sarta tata sasana (romanization)

Compound of ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ (kundha, “service”) + ꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭ (niti mandala, “agrarian affair”) + ꦱꦂꦠ (sarta) + ꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ (tata sasana, “spatial planning”).

com

(Yogyakarta, government) agrarian/land and spatial planning in government service

en-ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦤꦶꦠꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭꦱꦂꦠꦠꦠꦱꦱꦤ-jv-noun-Uf~LoQtM


ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀

head

ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kapanèwon)

→ Indonesian: kapanewon

Affixed ꦥꦤꦺꦮꦸ (panèwu) + ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han).

(Yogyakarta, government) the rural third-level administrative division in Yogyakarta, generally known as kecamatan in Indonesia.


ꦥꦤꦺꦮꦸ

Affixed ꦥꦁ- (pang-) + ꦱꦺꦮꦸ, ꦲꦺꦮꦸ (sèwu, èwu, “thousand”).

af

chief executive officer
chief executive officer

(Yogyakarta, government) the chief executive officer of a third-level administrative division in Yogyakarta


kapanewon

ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦤꦶꦠꦶ

Affixed N- + ꦠꦶꦠꦶ (titi), inherited from Old Javanese nīti (“correct procedure; right or wise conduct; politics; wisdom; prudence; line of action; plan”), from Sanskrit नीति (nīti, “leading; behavior; policy, ethics”).


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese maṇḍala (“circle, orb; district, territory; surface; sacred circle; religious community abode; religious community head; celestial path, celestial orbit”), from Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala, “circle”).


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁꦥꦿꦗ

Compound of ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (mantri) + ꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁꦥꦿꦗ (pamong praja, “civil servant; person in charge of a territory”).

com

(Yogyakarta, government) the chief executive officer of urbanized third-level administrative division in Yogyakarta


ꦲꦺꦮꦸ

From Old Javanese iwu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀibu.


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶꦲꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀

head

ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶꦲꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (mantri anom)

Compound of ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (mantri) + ꦲꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (anom).

ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ#Javanese

junior ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (mantri, “counselor, minister, official”)

ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ#Javanese

(Yogyakarta, government) secretary of urban third-level administration division in Yogyakarta.


ꦠꦶꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese titi (“footbridge; arrangement, plan”), tatā (“arrangement; rule”) (tata-titi (“arrangement, plan”)).


ꦠꦶꦠꦶ

→ Indonesian: titi (“precise”)


ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ

Inherited from Old Javanese kuṇḍa (“vessel, fire-place, sacrificial fire”), from Sanskrit कुण्ड (kuṇḍa, “bowl, waterpot; basin of water, pit”), from Dravidian.

der

(Yogyakarta, government) service, department.


ꦱꦺꦮꦸ

Indonesian: sewu

Affixed ꦲꦺꦮꦸ (èwu) + s-, inherited from Old Javanese sewu (“one thousand”).


kalurahan

ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese


mantri pamong praja

ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁꦥꦿꦗ ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁꦥꦿꦗ#Javanese

Romanization of ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁꦥꦿꦗ


ꦏꦼꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀

head

ꦏꦼꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ (kemantrèn)

→ Indonesian: kemantren

Affixed ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (mantri) + ꦏꦼ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ke- -han), ꦏꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ (kamantrèn), inherited from Old Javanese kamantryan (“residence of a mantri; status of a mantri”).

inh+

ꦏꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ ꦏꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese

Alternative spelling of ꦏꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ (kamantrèn)

(Yogyakarta, government) the urbanized third-level administrative division in kota of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, previously Dutch onderdistrict (“subdistrict”).


ꦏꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀

head

ꦏꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ (kamantrèn)

Affixed ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (mantri) + ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han), inherited from Old Javanese kamantryan (“residence of a mantri; status of a mantri”).

ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ#Javanese


ꦲꦩꦺꦴꦁ

Affixed ꦲ- (a-) + ꦩꦺꦴꦁ (mong, “to take care, to handle, to protect”), inherited from Old Javanese amoṅ, amwaṅ (“to take care, to foster, to kindle; guard, look after, tend”).


ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: kalurahan, kelurahan

(Indonesian, government) urbanised fourth-level division in Indonesia.

(Yogyakarta, government) rural fourth-level division in Yogyakarta.


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ

→ Indonesian: mantri

From Old Javanese mantri, mantrī, from Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, counselor, scholar”).

der

(of an administration) official in charge of a certain office or activity


ꦕꦫꦶꦏ꧀

desc

→ Indonesian: carik (“secretary, clerk”)

Inherited from Old Javanese carik (“scratch, groove, line”).

inh+

ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀#Javanese

(Yogyakarta, government) secretary of ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kapanèwon).

secretary, clerk
secretary of ꦏꦥꦤꦺꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kapanèwon).


ꦩꦺꦴꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese moṅ (“tiger”), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ.


ꦩꦺꦴꦁ

Affixed N- + ꦮꦺꦴꦁ (wong, “person”), inherited from Old Javanese moṅ, mwaṅ (“to take care, to foster, to kindle; guard, look after, tend”).


pangripta

ꦥꦁꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦠ ꦥꦁꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦠ#Javanese


ꦥꦁꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦠ

Affixed ꦥꦁ- (pang-) + ꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦠ (ripta, “to compose, to write, to create”).

af

(Yogyakarta, government) planning section.


ꦥꦫꦩ

Inherited from Old Javanese parama (“finest”), from Sanskrit परम (parama, “finest”).


ꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦠ

Inherited from Old Javanese ripta (“document, inscribed object”), from Sanskrit रिप्त (ripta, “smeared”).


ꦢꦤꦂꦠ

Compound of ꦢꦤ (dana, “charitable gift, funds”) + ꦲꦂꦠ (arta, “money”).

com

ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese

(Yogyakarta, government) finance section in secretariate of ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ (kalurahan)


ꦝꦸꦮꦶꦠ꧀

Borrowed from Dutch duit (“a small Dutch coin”).


andhap

ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀ ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀#Javanese


ꦊꦩꦃ

→ Indonesian: lemah


ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀

desc

→ Indonesian: andap (“low”), endap (“to precipitate”)

Inherited from Old Javanese aṇḍap, haṇḍap (“low”).


ꦗꦒꦧꦪ

/d͡ʒaɡɔbɔjɔ/

Compound of ꦗꦒ (jaga, “guard, watch; to guard, keep watch; provision”) + ꦧꦪ (baya, “danger, hazard”).

com

ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese

(Yogyakarta, government) assistant for governance affair in ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ (kalurahan).


ꦥꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦩ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese pĕṇḍĕm (“burying”).


ꦧꦪ

Inherited from Old Javanese bwaya, wuhaya, buhaya (“crocodile”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buqaya.


ꦧꦪ

Inherited from Old Javanese bhaya (“fear, danger, peril; calamity”), from Sanskrit भय (bhaya, “danger”).


ꦧꦪ

Alternative spelling of ꦲꦸꦧꦪ (ubaya, “reciprocal promise, commitment”)


ulu-ulu

ꦲꦸꦭꦸꦲꦸꦭꦸ ꦲꦸꦭꦸꦲꦸꦭꦸ#Javanese


padukuhan

ꦥꦢꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀ ꦥꦢꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese


dhukuh

ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃ ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃ#Javanese


padhukuhan

ꦥꦝꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀ ꦥꦝꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦢꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀

ꦥꦝꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀ ꦥꦝꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese

Alternative spelling of ꦥꦝꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀ (padhukuhan, “hamlet”)


ꦲꦸꦭꦸꦲꦸꦭꦸ

Reduplication of ꦲꦸꦭꦸ (ulu, “leader, head”).

reduplication

(historical) village official in charge of irrigation.

(Yogyakarta, government) official in charge of village prosperity


ꦢꦸꦏꦸꦃ

ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃ ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃ#Javanese


ꦏꦩꦶꦠꦸꦮ

Compound of ꦏꦩꦶ (kami, “we, us”) + ꦠꦸꦮ (tuwa, “old, senior, mature”).

com

ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀#Javanese

(Yogyakarta, government) service section technical executive in ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ (kalurahan)


ꦥꦝꦸꦏꦸꦲꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃ (dhukuh) + ꦥ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (pa- -han), inherited from Old Javanese paḍukwan.


ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃ

desc

→ Indonesian: dukuh (“hamlet; chief of hamlet”)

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍukuh (“forest hermitage”).


dukuh

ꦢꦸꦏꦸꦃ ꦢꦸꦏꦸꦃ#Javanese


ꦲꦸꦭꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese hulu (“head; head-waters of a river; head of, chief of, in charge of”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *qulu.


ꦲꦸꦭꦸ

(colloquial) alternative spelling of ꦮꦸꦭꦸ (wulu)


ꦢꦸꦮꦺ

Inherited from Old Javanese duwe, dwe, drabya, dṛwya, dṛbya, drĕwe, drawya (“property, pudenda”), from Sanskrit द्रव्य (dravya, “object of possession, wealth, goods, money; gold”, literally “substance, thing, object; tree”).


kadipatèn

ꦏꦢꦶꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀ ꦏꦢꦶꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦏꦢꦶꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦲꦢꦶꦥꦠꦶ (adipati) + ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han), inherited from Old Javanese kadipatyan (“residence of an adipati”).


ꦲꦢꦶꦥꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese adhipati (“ruler, king; minor ruler, governor, regent”), from Sanskrit अधिपति (adhipati, “lord; king; master, owner”).


ꦮꦢꦤ

desc

→ Indonesian: wedana (“assistant regent”)

Inherited from Old Javanese wadana (“face; chief, head”), from Sanskrit वदन (vadana, “mouth, face”).


temenggung

ꦠꦼꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ ꦠꦼꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ#Javanese


tumenggung

ꦠꦸꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ ꦠꦸꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ#Javanese


ꦠꦸꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ

→ Indonesian: tumenggung

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">temenggung</i>

→ Malay: تمڠݢوڠ (temenggung)

Inherited from Old Javanese tumĕṅguṅ (“high kraton functionary (under patih)”).


ꦥꦸꦁꦒꦮ

Inherited from Old Javanese puṅgawa (“chief, leader; official of high rank”), from Sanskrit पुङ्गव (puṅgava, “hero; chief”).


ꦲꦂꦪ

Inherited from Old Javanese ārya (“Aryan; honorable, respectable, noble”), from Sanskrit आर्य (ārya).

inh+

the royal family in charge of organizing the work of the wadana and the palace environment


ꦏꦧꦪꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese kabayan (“old; elder, chief, leader”).

inh+

a village official in charge of security


ꦔꦧꦺꦲꦶ

Reconstructed as ꦲꦁ- (ang-) + ꦏꦧꦺꦃ (kabèh) + -ꦲꦶ (-i), from earlier ꦲꦔꦧꦺꦲꦶ (angabéhi), inherited from Old Javanese aṅabehi (“all together”).


ꦢꦼꦩꦁ

→ Indonesian: demang

Inherited from Old Javanese dĕmaṅ, dĕmuṅ (“name of a functionary at the court”).


kabayan

ꦏꦧꦪꦤ꧀ ꦏꦧꦪꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦮꦪꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese wayah (“age”), from Sanskrit वयस् (vayas, “age”).


ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀

head

ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ (umbul)

Indonesian: umbul

a certain boys' game played by tossing cards in the air


umbul

ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀#Javanese


patinggi

ꦥꦠꦶꦁꦒꦶ ꦥꦠꦶꦁꦒꦶ#Javanese


sikep

ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀ ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀#Javanese


ꦱꦸꦢꦿ

Inherited from Old Javanese śūdra (“Shudra”), from Sanskrit शूद्र (śūdra), a variant of क्षुद्र (kṣudra, “small, diminutive”).


ꦥꦠꦶꦁꦒꦶ

Affixed ꦥ- (pa-) + ꦠꦶꦁꦒꦶ (tinggi), borrowed from Malay petinggi.


ꦭꦸꦮꦏ꧀

desc

→ Indonesian: luak (“Asian palm civet, toddy cat”)

Inherited from Old Javanese luwak (“civet-cat”).

inh+

Paradoxurus hermaphroditus
Paradoxurus hermaphroditus#Translingual

Asian palm civet, toddy cat (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus).


ꦧꦔꦮꦤ꧀

ꦧꦼꦔꦮꦤ꧀ ꦧꦼꦔꦮꦤ꧀#Javanese

(ngoko) Alternative spelling of ꦧꦼꦔꦮꦤ꧀ (bengawan, “large river”)


ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese sikĕp (“catching, gripping, seizing”), from Proto-Austronesian *sikep (“tight-fitting, of clothing”).


ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese sikĕp (“equipemnt, arms, weapons”).


ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *sikap (“dextrous, agile, skillful”). Compare to Tagalog sikap (“diligence; zeal”).


ꦧꦼꦔꦮꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: bengawan

Inherited from Old Javanese baṅawan (“(great) river”).


ꦒꦭꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese galuh (“jewel”), from Sanskrit गलू (galū, “gem”).


ꦒꦭꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: Galuh


ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

head

ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (sinten)


ꦫꦱꦺ

→ Indonesian: rase

Inherited from Old Javanese rase (“civet”)


ꦱꦥ

Inherited from Old Javanese sapa (“to speak, to greet”).


ꦱꦥ

Javanese register set
 ꦏꦿꦩ (krama): ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (sinten)
 ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ (ngoko): ꦱꦥ (sapa)
Inherited from Old Javanese sapa, syapa (“who (interrogative pronoun)”).

inh+

(interrogative, ngoko) who: What person or people; which person or people; asks for the identity of someone; used in a direct or indirect question.


ꦱꦥ

Inherited from Old Javanese śāpa (“curse, malediction, abuse, oath, imprecation”), from Sanskrit शाप (śāpa, “spell, ban, curse”).


ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕriṅ, griṅ (“illness, affliction”).


ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ

desctree

→ Malay: gering
> Indonesian: gering (inherited)


ꦠꦤ꧀

(literary) not (common expression of negation)


ꦏꦸꦮꦸ

→ Indonesian: kuwu (“village head”)

Inherited from Old Javanese kuwu (“dwelling, housing, quarter, lodging; encampment, tent; residence; administrative division under a kuwu, akuwu; leader of such administrative division”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kubu (“field hut in the rice fields”).


ꦱꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese saka (“from, than”), compare Proto-Philippine *saká (“and, also”).


ꦱꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese saka (“post”), from Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “a door-post”, literally “branch”).


ꦱꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese śāka, śaka (“Shaka year”), from Sanskrit शक (śaka).


ꦱꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese sakhā (“friend”), from Sanskrit सख (sakha, “friend”).


ꦮꦫꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese waraṇa (“screen”), from Sanskrit वरण (varaṇa).

pretext (words used to hide the intention).


ꦉꦏ꧀ꦱ

→ Indonesian: reksa (“police; guard”)

Inherited from Old Javanese rakṣa (“guarding, protecting; protection”), from Sanskrit रक्षा (rakṣā, “guard”).


ꦫꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese raṇa (“battle, war, combat, fight, conflict”), from Sanskrit रण (raṇa, “war, battle”).


ꦫꦤ

Alternative spelling of ꦮꦫꦤ (warana, “screen”)


ꦧꦸꦱꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese bhūṣaṇa (“embellishment, adornment, ornament, decoration, festive attire”), from Sanskrit भूषण (bhūṣaṇa, “ornament”).


ꦉꦕ

Inherited from Old Javanese arca (“image, cult-statue”), from Sanskrit अर्चा (arcā, “worship, adoration; image, idol; body”).


ꦧꦗꦸ

Borrowed from Malay baju, from Classical Persian بازو (bāzū, “upper arm”).


ꦲꦱ꧀ꦠ

Inherited from Old Javanese hasta (“hand, lower arm”), from Sanskrit हस्त (hasta).


ꦒꦁꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese gaṅsa (“bell-metal”), from Sanskrit कंस (kaṃsa).

(music, krama) classical Javanese musical instrument or ensemble of instruments


ꦒꦁꦱ

→ Indonesian: gangsa

Inherited from Old Javanese aṅsa, haṅsa (“goose, gander, swan, flamingo”), from Sanskrit हंस (haṃsa, “goose, gander, swan, flamingo”).


ꦒꦁꦱ

Unknown, probably a semantic alteration of Etymology 1.


ꦲꦁꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese waṅśa, from Sanskrit वंश (vaṃśá, “offspring, lineage”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wanćás (“ceiling beam”). Doublet of ꦧꦁꦱ (bangsa) and ꦮꦁꦱ (wangsa).


ꦲꦁꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese aṅśa (“allotted share, possession, dependency; partial incarnation; son, offspring, descendant”), from Sanskrit अंश (aṃśa, “share, portion”).


ꦉꦢꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ardi, adri (“mountain”), from Sanskrit अद्रि (adri, “rock, stone; mountain”).


ꦲꦕꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese acala (“mountain”), from Sanskrit अचल (acala, “immovable”, literally “mountain, rock”).


ꦉꦱꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese rĕsi, rṣi (“sage, seer; cleric”), from Sanskrit ऋषि (ṛṣi).


ꦉꦱꦶ

Borrowed from Dutch reçu (cognate of Indonesian resi), from French reçu.


ꦏꦏꦮꦶꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: kakawin

Affixed ꦏꦮꦶ (kawi) + ꦏ- -ꦤ꧀ (ka- -n), inherited from Old Javanese kakawin.


ꦗꦶꦮ

Inherited from Old Javanese jīwa, from Sanskrit जीव (jīva), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰiHwás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós.


brambang

ꦧꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ ꦧꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ#Javanese


bedho

ꦧꦼꦝꦺꦴ ꦧꦼꦝꦺꦴ#Javanese


ꦧꦼꦝꦺꦴ

→ Indonesian: bedo

Inherited from Old Javanese bādha, wadha, wādha (“impede, prevent, resist”).


ꦮꦫꦶꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese warih, wari (“water”), from Sanskrit वारि (vāri, “water”).


ꦗꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese jala, jāla (“net”), from Sanskrit जाल (jāla, “net”).


ꦱꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese śara (“grass, reed; arrow; shaft”), from Sanskrit शर (śara, “arrow, shaft”).


ꦱꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese sara (“pond”), from Pali sara, saras (“lake”), from Sanskrit सरस् (saras, “pond, lake, water”).


ꦱꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese sāra (“core, pith; energy, firmness, power, strength; chief, essential; energetic, firm, powerful, strong; capable”), from Sanskrit सार (sāra, “core or pith; firmness, strength, power, energy”). Doublet of ꦱꦫꦶ (sari).


ꦠꦲꦸꦤ꧀

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqun.


ꦭꦪꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese layu (“wilted; faded, withered; pale, faded; suffer”), from Proto-Austronesian *layu (“wither, wilt”).


ꦭꦪꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese layu (“pennant, streamer”).


ꦭꦪꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese layū (“to run, to flee”), from Proto-Austronesian *laRiw (“run, run away, flee, escape”). Cognate of Malay lari.


krambil

desctree

Malay: kelambir, kerambil
Indonesian: kelambir
→ Urak Lawoi': กลาเม (klamë)


ꦏꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦶꦭ꧀

head

ꦏꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦶꦭ꧀ (krama ꦏ꧀ꦭꦥ)

jv-noun

ꦏꦿꦩ꧀ꦧꦶꦭ꧀ (krama ꦏ꧀ꦭꦥ)


tuntun

ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀#Javanese


titih

ꦠꦶꦠꦶꦃ ꦠꦶꦠꦶꦃ#Javanese


ꦧꦼꦠꦮꦶ

Borrowed from Dutch Batavia, from Latin Batavia, from Proto-Germanic *Batawjō.


sèrep

ꦱꦺꦉꦥ꧀ ꦱꦺꦉꦥ꧀#Javanese


ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦛꦁ

desctree

>? Malay: kentang (“potato”)
Indonesian: kentang
→ Hokkien: 蕳砃／𫈉砃 (kan-tang)
→ Teochew: 蕳砃／𫈉砃 (gang¹ dang¹)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁aŋ (“joint, jointed stem”).

der

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum#Translingual

potato: the tuber of a plant, Solanum tuberosum, eaten as a starchy vegetable, particularly in the Americas and Europe; this plant.


ꦱꦼꦉꦥ꧀

→ Indonesian: sêrêp

From Classical Malay serap, from Proto-Malayic *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səʀəp.


ꦱꦿꦩ

Inherited from Old Javanese śrama (“effort, exertion; energetically”), from Sanskrit श्रम (śrama, “fatigue, weariness, exhaustion; exertion, labour, toil, exercise; military exercise, drill”).


ꦲꦶꦢꦼꦂ

→ Indonesian: ider

Inherited from Old Javanese idĕr, hidĕr (“turning, circling”).


ꦱꦸꦕꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese śuci (“pure”), from Sanskrit शुचि (śuci, “clean”).


ꦱꦺꦉꦥ꧀

head

ꦱꦺꦉꦥ꧀ (sèrep)

Caribbean Javanese: sèrep

→ Indonesian: sèrêp (“spare”)

spare: a spare part, especially a spare tire.


ꦕꦒꦂ

desc

→ Indonesian: cagar (“reserve, preserve”) (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese cagĕr (“to guarantee, to ensure”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *gar, *cgar, *cgaar (“to fence, to enclose”).


ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese tĕmpur (“to knock against each other; to clash and become one heap or mass”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *puh (“to slap, hit”).


ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦂ

→ Indonesian: tempur


ꦲꦮꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese hawu, from Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu.


ꦥꦼꦂꦭꦸ

Borrowed from Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “obligation”).


ꦢꦺꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese deśa (“region, place, part; province, country; country, countryside, rural area”), from Sanskrit देश (deśa, “point, region, spot, place, part, portion; province, country, kingdom”).


ꦩ꧀ꦭꦪꦸ

Affixed ꦭꦪꦸ (layu) + N-, inherited from Old Javanese malayū (“to run, to run away, to flee”).


ꦤꦩ

→ Musi: (bebaso) nami

Inherited from Old Javanese nāma (“name; named, called, with the name of”), from Sanskrit नामन् (nāman), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).


ꦱ꧀ꦮꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese swara, from Sanskrit स्वर (svara).


ꦮꦸꦤꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese wuni (“bignay”). Cognate of Indonesian buni, Tagalog bignay.


ꦱꦧ꧀ꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese śabda (“sound, noise, voice, tone, note; word, speech, language; right word, correct expression”), from Sanskrit शब्द (śabda, “sound, noise, voice, tone, note; word”).


ꦮꦲꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese wāhu, wahu (“just, only recently, freshly”), Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)baqəʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)baqəʀuh.


ꦧꦲꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese bāhu (“arm”), from Sanskrit बाहु (bāhu), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *baHźʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”).


ꦧꦲꦸ

→ Dutch: bouw

→ Indonesian: bau

(historical) a unit of measure for area on Java, equivalent to about 0.7 hectare; a portion of agricultural land of this size.


ꦧꦲꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese bahu (“many, much, frequent”), from Sanskrit बहु (bahu, “a lot”).


ꦲꦚꦂ

→ Indonesian: anyar

Inherited from Old Javanese hañar, añar (“new, recently”).


ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese bañcana (“deception, fraud; ruse, cunning, device, beguilement, seduction; trial, ordeal; affliction, calamity; harassment”), from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “cheating; fraud; illusion; delusion”).


ꦗꦩꦸ

Banyumasan: jamu

→ Betawi: jamu

→ English: jamu (learned)

→ Indonesian: jamu

→ Dutch: djamoe

→ Malay: jamu

Unknown, probably borrowed from Prakrit [Term?] (compare to Sindhi [script needed] (j̄amū̃), Punjabi [script needed] (jammū)), from Sanskrit जम्बु (jambu, “jambul”).

(ngoko) herbal medicine especially one that is drunk


ꦏꦼꦠꦼꦩꦸ

Affixed ꦠꦼꦩꦸ (temu) + ꦏꦼ- (ke-), inherited from Old Javanese katĕmu (“meeting, finding”).


ꦧꦿꦸꦮꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese baroṅ, barwaṅ (literally “bear”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀuaŋ (“bear”).


ꦭꦶꦩꦤ꧀

→ Malay: liman
Indonesian: liman

Inherited from Old Javanese liman (“elephant”).
Possibly from ꦭꦶꦩ (lima, “five”) by analogy of trunk as a "fifth appendage" or its hand-like grasping function either from Indic influence (see formation of Sanskrit हस्तिन् (hastin)) or native observation; see also relationship of Jarai rơman and rơma, Rade êman and êma.


ꦧꦲꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese bahuṅ (compare Old Javanese ambahuṅ (“to howl (dog)”)), prob. onomatopoeic.


ꦠꦸꦁꦒꦸꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tuṅgu (“guarding, waiting”).


ꦲꦺꦴꦩꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese umah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, compare Malay rumah.


ꦢꦸꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese duka, duhkha (“unhappiness, misfortune, misery, miserable; sorrow, sadness, distress; anger; sad, sorrow, distressed; miserable, poor; angry”), from Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkha).


ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀

Compound of ꦏꦿꦩ (krama) + ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀ (andhap).

(linguistics) a kind of Javanese register


ꦱꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese sana, āsana (“sitting; seat; dwelling; posture”), from Sanskrit आसन (āsana, “seat, chair”).


ꦱꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese asana (“Terminalia elliptica (syn. Terminalia tomentosa)”), from Sanskrit असन, आशन (asana, āśana, “Indian laurel”).


ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦭ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese timbal (“one after or over the other, -fold”).

inh+

to pass from one (person or thing) to another


ꦏꦂꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese karsa, kaharṣa (“desire, wish; desired”). Doublet of ꦏꦼꦂꦱ (kersa).

inh+

(krama inggil) to be willing to; would like to


ꦏꦂꦱ

→ Indonesian: karsa

→ Sundanese: ᮊᮨᮁᮞ (kersa)


ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese undaṅ, hundaṅ (“to call; to invite”).


ꦲꦠꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese atur, hatur.


wicaksana

ꦮꦶꦕꦏ꧀ꦱꦤ ꦮꦶꦕꦏ꧀ꦱꦤ#Javanese


ꦮꦶꦕꦏ꧀ꦱꦤ

desc

→ Indonesian: kebijaksanaan (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese wicakṣaṇa (“sagacious, clever, wise”), from Sanskrit विचक्षण (vicakṣaṇa, “wise, learned, skillful”).


sembrana

ꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦿꦤ ꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦿꦤ#Javanese


ꦏꦏꦸꦱ꧀

Borrowed from Dutch kakhuis (“toilet, whore”).


ꦱꦲꦸꦂ

Borrowed from Arabic سَحُور (saḥūr, literally “of the dawn”).

(Islam) suhur: a pre-dawn breakfast during the Ramadan fasting.


ꦒꦺꦴꦠ꧀

Borrowed from Dutch goot (“gutter”), from Middle Dutch gōte, from Old Dutch *gota, from Proto-Germanic *gutō.


ꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦿꦤ

→ Indonesian: sembrono

→ Malay: semberono

Inherited from Old Javanese sambarana (“careless, indifferent; modest, simple”), probably from Sanskrit [Term?].


èmbèr

ꦲꦺꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦂ ꦲꦺꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦂ#Javanese


ꦲꦺꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦂ

head

ꦲꦺꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦂ (èmbèr)


ꦩꦭꦶꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese maliṅ (“thief; thievish; stealthy”).


ꦩꦭꦶꦁ

→ Indonesian: maling


ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese jĕnĕṅ (“being in function, reign, being established”).


ꦏꦶꦛ

Inherited from Old Javanese kuṭa (“fortified place, walled town”), from Tamil கோட்டம் (kōṭṭam, “city”) or Sanskrit कोट्ट (koṭṭa, “city”). Cognate of Malay kota.


ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀

head

ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (sampéyan)

panyjenengan (romanization)
sampéyan (romanization)
kowé (romanization)

Compare Malay sampai (“to arrive; to reach”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).

af

Malay <i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">sampai</i> (“to arrive; to reach”)

ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ#Javanese


ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ

head

ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ (kowé)

→ Indonesian: kowe

From Old Javanese ko (“second person pronoun”).


ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ

head

ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ (kowé)


ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀

ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀ (wétan)

Inherited from Old Javanese wetan (“the east”).


ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀

head

ꦮꦺꦠꦤ꧀ (wétan)


ꦊꦔ

Inherited from Old Javanese lĕnga (“sesame; sesame oil, oil”).


bandhèk

ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀#Javanese


bandhèkan

ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏꦤ꧀ ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦱꦠꦺ

Borrowed from Tamil சதை (catai, “flesh”).


ꦏꦭꦺꦤ꧀

head

ꦏꦭꦺꦤ꧀ (kalèn)

Affixed ꦏꦭꦶ (kali, “river”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).


ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀

ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ (bandhèk)

Affixed ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ (gandhèk, “monarch representative”) + ꦧ- (ba-).


ꦏꦠꦺꦱ꧀

head

ꦏꦠꦺꦱ꧀ (katès)


ꦩꦸꦮꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese muhara (“estuary; coast; island”).


ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀

head

ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ (gandhèk)

Unknown, probably from Sanskrit गण्ड (gaṇḍa, “chief”).


ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀

ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ (gandhèk)


ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀

ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ (gandhèk)

(botany) the fruit of white champaca, white sandalwood, or white jade orchid (Magnolia × alba).


katès

ꦏꦠꦺꦱ꧀ ꦏꦠꦺꦱ꧀#Javanese


préntah

ꦥꦿꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦃ ꦥꦿꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦃ#Javanese


prentah

ꦥꦿꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦃ ꦥꦿꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦃ#Javanese


jagalan

ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀ ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀#Javanese


Jagalan

ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀ ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀#Javanese


klawu

ꦏ꧀ꦭꦮꦸ ꦏ꧀ꦭꦮꦸ#Javanese


langgeng

ꦭꦁꦒꦼꦁ ꦭꦁꦒꦼꦁ#Javanese


ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦗꦒꦭ꧀ (jagal, “butcher”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).


ꦭꦁꦒꦼꦁ

→ Indonesian: langgeng

Inherited from Old Javanese laṅgĕṅ (“permanent, lasting, abiding, constant, firm”).


ꦥꦿꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦃ

head

ꦥꦿꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦃ (préntah)


ꦊꦁꦏꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese lĕṅkara, alaṅkara (“attire, ornament; decoration; artistic language, tortuous language; something amazing or fascinating”).


ꦥꦼꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: pejagalan

Affixed ꦗꦒꦭ꧀ (jagal, “butcher”) + ꦥꦼ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (pe- -an), inherited from Old Javanese pajagalan (“place for slaughtering”).

inh+

ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀ ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀#Javanese

(Cirebon) Alternative spelling of ꦗꦒꦭꦤ꧀ (jagalan, “abattoir, slaughterhouse”)


ꦗꦒꦭ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese jagal (“butcher”).


ꦏꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese kaka (“elder brother or sister; female attendant”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaka, from Proto-Austronesian *kaka.


ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese halun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalun.


ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: alun-alun

Inherited from Old Javanese alun-alun (“town square, public square”).


alun-alun

ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀ ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀

head

ꦲꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (alon)

→ Indonesian: alon

Inherited from Old Javanese alon (“slow, gentle, soft”).


ꦗꦭꦸ

→ Indonesian: jalu (“spur”)

Inherited from Old Javanese jalu (“male; man, husband”).


ꦗꦒꦺꦴ

Compare to Malay jaguh, Indonesian jago.


ꦗꦸꦝꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese judi (“gambling, betting; gambler”).


ꦱꦺꦴꦠꦺꦴ

head

ꦱꦺꦴꦠꦺꦴ (soto)

Compare to Indonesian soto, probably from Hokkien 牛草肚 (gû-chháu-tō͘, “beef tripe”).

der

(cooking) soto: a traditional Indonesian soup mainly composed of broth, meat, and vegetables


ꦱꦮꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese sawuṅ (“cock, fighting-cock; cock-fight”, literally “gathering”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sabuŋ (“pit two opponents against each other; cockfight”).


ꦱꦠ

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शट (śaṭa, “astringent”).


ꦱꦠ

Inherited from Old Javanese sata (“cock”), from Sanskrit सत (sata, “sacrificial vessel”).


ꦱꦠ

Inherited from Old Javanese śata (“hundred”), from Sanskrit शत (śata, “hundred”).


ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦏꦺꦴ

→ Peranakan Indonesian: tembako

Borrowed from Persian تنباکو (tanbâku), from Portuguese tabaco.


ꦢꦩꦂ

Old Javanese damar (“lamp; damar”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *damaʀ (“tree resin used in torches”).


ꦢꦸꦂꦗꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese durjana (“villain; malicious, wicked”), from Sanskrit दुर्जन (durjana, “malicious, evildoer”).

der

(krama/ngoko, Classical Javanese) evildoer


ꦏꦸꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese kuda (“horse”).


laèn

ꦭꦲꦺꦤ꧀ ꦭꦲꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦭꦲꦺꦤ꧀

head

ꦭꦲꦺꦤ꧀ (laèn)


ꦭꦺꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese lyan (“other, different”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lian (“to change appearance”).


tembung aran

ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦲꦫꦤ꧀ ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦲꦫꦤ꧀#Javanese


tembung ganti

ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ#Javanese


ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦲꦫꦤ꧀

Compound of ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁ (tembung) + ꦲꦫꦤ꧀ (aran).


ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ

Compound of ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁ (tembung) + ꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ (ganti).


ꦢꦸꦢꦸ

Javanese register set ꦏꦿꦩ : ꦢꦺꦢꦺ (canonical)
ꦱꦤꦺꦱ꧀ ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ : ꦢꦸꦢꦸ ꦢꦸꦢꦸ (canonical)
dédé (romanization)
sanés (romanization)
dudu (romanization)


ꦲꦫꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese ṅaran, ṅharan, haran, aran (“name”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋajan (compare Tetum naran).


ꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ganti (“turn; in turn”).


ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese tĕmbuṅ (“dealing a blow”).


ꦫꦩꦼꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: rames

Inherited from Old Javanese ramĕs, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaməs.


ꦒꦸꦮ

Inherited from Old Javanese guhā (“hiding place, cave, cavern”), from Sanskrit गुहा (guhā, “cave”).


ꦗꦏ

young unmarried man (around 16 years old)


ꦗꦏ

→ Indonesian: Joko


ꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese nwam (“youth; freshness; lightness; young”).


ꦲꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀

head

ꦲꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (anom)

Inherited from Old Javanese anom, anwam.

(literary, ngoko) Alternative spelling of nom


ꦠꦶꦩꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese timur (“east”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *timuʀ.


ꦥꦸꦂꦮ

Inherited from Old Javanese pūrwa (“beginning, front, eastern”), from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva). Doublet of ꦥꦸꦂꦧ (purba).


ꦥꦸꦂꦮ

→ Indonesian: purwa, purwa-


ꦱꦼꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese sĕlā (“gap; preoccupation, worries”).


wenten

ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀#Javanese


Nuswantara

ꦤꦸꦱ꧀ꦮꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ ꦤꦸꦱ꧀ꦮꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ#Javanese


ꦤꦸꦱ꧀ꦮꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ

From Old Javanese nūsāntara (“the other islands”, literally “island + other, as a whole”). Doublet of ꦤꦸꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ (Nusantara).

inh

Indonesian Archipelago, the islands comprising the country of Indonesia or to the geographical groups which include its islands.

Republic of Indonesia
Republic of Indonesia

Endonym for the Republic of Indonesia, including everything contained in it (i.e., the regions, people, cultures, languages, etc.).

Capital city of the Republic of Indonesia.

(historical, archaic) The conquered territories of the Majapahit empire, corresponding to present-day Indonesia (main) and several Southeast Asian countries.


ꦧꦸꦮꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese bhuwana (“earth; world”), from Sanskrit भुवन (bhuvana, “abode, residence; earth”).


ꦩꦸꦂꦏ

Inherited from Old Javanese mūrkha (“infatuated, presumptuous, with unbridled passions, violent, wild, malicious, evil”), from Sanskrit मूर्ख (mūrkha, “stupid, foolish, blockhead”).


ꦥꦠꦶꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese patik (“servant”).


ꦥꦠꦶꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese patik (“inlay”).


ꦥꦿꦱꦢ

→ Indonesian: prasada

Inherited from Old Javanese prāsāda (“lofty building, temple”), from Sanskrit प्रासाद (prāsāda, “palace”).


ꦥꦿꦱꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese prasāda (“clearness, brightness; good humour; favour, aid, kindness”), from Sanskrit प्रसाद (prasāda).


ꦏꦼꦤ

→ Indonesian: kena (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese kĕna (“right, proper, fitting, suitable; hit by, touched by, subjected to, being the object of”), from Proto-Austronesian *keNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”).


ꦲꦱ꧀ꦠꦤ

Indonesian: astana

Inherited from Old Javanese asthana (“inner part of the palace”), from Sanskrit आस्थान (āsthāna, “place, site, ground, base; assembly; a hall of audience”).


ꦠꦶꦠꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese titah (“arrangement, ordering, formation, disposition, fixed condition, preordained state, predestination”).


ꦥꦸꦠꦿ

putra (romanization)
anak (romanization)
bocah (romanization)

Inherited from Old Javanese putra (“child, son”), from Sanskrit पुत्र (putra).

ꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃ ꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃ#Javanese


kedhaton

ꦏꦼꦝꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ ꦏꦼꦝꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦝꦠꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍatu, ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu (“lineage priest”).


ꦏꦼꦝꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: kedaton

Affixed ꦝꦠꦸ (dhatu, “king”) + ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han), inherited from Old Javanese kaḍatwan (“royal palace”).


ꦧꦶꦱ

→ Peranakan Indonesian: iso

desctree

→ Malay: bisa
> Indonesian: bisa (inherited)

* Inherited from Old Javanese bisa (“powerful, mighty; skilled, accomplished, capable”), probably from Sanskrit. Doublet of ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa) and ꦮꦶꦱ (wisa).
** Sanskrit विष (viṣa, “poison”).
** Sanskrit विशारद (viśārada, “clever, skilful, or proficient”), from विश (viśa) or बिस (bisa, “the fibres of the stalk of a lotus”).
** Sanskrit विश् (viś, “working man, peasant”). Compare to Sanskrit वैश्य (vaiśya, “peasant, Vaishya”).
* Inherited from Old Javanese byasa, bhyāsa, abhyāsa (“to be practised in, to occupy os. constantly with; to be familiar with, acquainted with, at home in”), from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa, “drill; habit”).
According to Blust and Trussel, the word comes from the same Sanskrit विष (viṣa, “poison”) and is very widespread in the Philippines and both western and eastern Indonesia, acquiring a variety of secondary meanings including that of general force or power, skill, knowledge and ability. In Malay and some other languages (e.g. Rembong), this abstraction and generalization of the original concrete nominal sense has gone even further, leading to the use of bisa as an auxiliary verb meaning 'can, be able'.


ꦥꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese pada, pāda (“line, verse”), from Sanskrit पाद (pāda, “verse or line”).


ꦥꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese pāda (“foot”), from Sanskrit पाद (pāda, “foot”).


ꦥꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese pada (“position, rank; station, site; abode, home; heaven”), from Sanskrit पद (pada).


ꦧꦤ꧀ꦢꦂ

→ Indonesian: bandar (semantic loan)

Borrowed from Malay bandar (“harbour, port”), from Persian بندر (bandar, “port, harbour”).


ꦊꦩ

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləmək (“fertile, of soil”).


ꦊꦩꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese lĕmu (“fatness”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lemu (“weak, frail; gentle”).


Bagong

ꦧꦒꦺꦴꦁ ꦧꦒꦺꦴꦁ#Javanese


ꦧꦒꦺꦴꦁ

(dialectal) attached gold coin or pendant on pocketwatch


ꦱꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦤ

→ Indonesian: sentana

Inherited from Old Javanese santāna (“continuous succession, offspring”), from Sanskrit सन्तान (santāna, “child”).


bagongan

ꦧꦒꦺꦴꦔꦤ꧀ ꦧꦒꦺꦴꦔꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦱꦶ

(ngoko) proper article indicates that its noun is proper, and refers to a unique entity, precede Javanese name


ꦠꦩ꧀ꦧ

Inherited from Old Javanese tamba, tambā (“cure, remedy, medicine”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambar (“antidote”) (compare Malay tawar (“tasteless”), Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambal (“to mend, to patch”)).


ꦗꦩ꧀ꦥꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese jampi (“medicine, cure, remedy”).

inh+

(krama) herbal medicine especially one that is drunk


ꦭꦺꦴꦭꦺꦴꦃ

head

ꦭꦺꦴꦭꦺꦴꦃ (loloh)

Inherited from Old Javanese loloh (“medicine”)


ꦲꦺꦴꦧꦠ꧀

head

ꦲꦺꦴꦧꦠ꧀ (obat)

Inherited from Old Javanese uwat (“medicine”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ubat.


ꦲꦢꦼꦒꦤ꧀

→ Malay: adegan

→ Indonesian: adegan

Affixed ꦲꦢꦼꦒ꧀ (adeg) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an), inherited from Old Javanese adĕgan.


ꦥꦸꦒꦼꦂ

→ Indonesian: pugar

Affixed ꦲꦸꦒꦼꦂ (uger, “bound; basis, basic rule; if; whenever, every time”) + ꦥ- (pa-).


puger

ꦥꦸꦒꦼꦂ ꦥꦸꦒꦼꦂ#Javanese


ungkad

ꦲꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀ ꦲꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀#Javanese


ꦫꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀

Affixed ꦲꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀ (ungkad, “to scoop up and turn over; to incite”) + -er-. Cognate of Sundanese ᮛᮥᮍ᮪ᮊᮓ᮪ (rungkad).


ꦲꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese aṅkat (“departure, getting up”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aŋkat. Doublet of ꦲꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (angkat).


ꦒꦼꦭ

Unknown, probably from Old Javanese gĕlāna, glāna (“weary, exhausted, dejected, depressed, disheartened, discouraged, giving up”).


ꦥꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese puh, pĕh, pöh (“pressed product, squeezing product; quintessence, best”).


ꦱꦼꦥꦸꦃ

Affixed ꦥꦸꦃ (puh, “to squeeze; to milk”) + s-.


ꦱꦼꦥꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese sĕpuh (“hardening mixture for iron”).


cokot

ꦕꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴꦠ꧀ ꦕꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴꦠ꧀#Javanese


unggah-ungguh

ꦲꦸꦁꦒꦃꦲꦸꦁꦒꦸꦃ ꦲꦸꦁꦒꦃꦲꦸꦁꦒꦸꦃ#Javanese


ꦲꦸꦁꦒꦃꦲꦸꦁꦒꦸꦃ

Compound of ꦲꦸꦁꦒꦃ (unggah, “up, go up, or climb up”) + ꦲꦸꦁꦒꦸꦃ (ungguh, “appropriate”).


ꦕꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴꦠ꧀

head

ꦕꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (cokot)

Inherited from Old Javanese cokot (“to bite”).


ꦱꦶꦫꦃ

→ Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮛᮂ (sirah)

Inherited from Old Javanese śirah (“head”), from Sanskrit शिर (śira, “head”).


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese ambu, ambĕ, ambö (“smell, odour”).


ꦥꦼꦥꦼꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese pĕpĕt (“blocked, cut off, jammed, covered; all-pervading, enveloping”).


ꦥꦼꦥꦼꦠ꧀

→ Malay: pepet

→ Indonesian: pepet


angèl

ꦲꦔꦺꦭ꧀ ꦲꦔꦺꦭ꧀#Javanese


kamituwa

ꦏꦩꦶꦠꦸꦮ ꦏꦩꦶꦠꦸꦮ#Javanese


maratuwa

ꦩꦫꦠꦸꦮ ꦩꦫꦠꦸꦮ#Javanese


Purnama

ꦥꦸꦂꦤꦩ ꦥꦸꦂꦤꦩ#Javanese


pepet

ꦥꦼꦥꦼꦠ꧀ ꦥꦼꦥꦼꦠ꧀#Javanese


Bimasekti

ꦧꦶꦩꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ ꦧꦶꦩꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ#Javanese


respati

ꦉꦱ꧀ꦥꦠꦶ ꦉꦱ꧀ꦥꦠꦶ#Javanese


ꦧꦶꦩꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ

→ Malay: Bima Sakti

Indonesian: Bimasakti, Bima Sakti

Compound of ꦧꦶꦩ (bima, “Bhima”, literally “frightening; awesome”) + ꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (sekti, “magical power”). This was derived from a Javanese myth that imagines the Milky Way in the sky as Bhima (the white stars) fighting a great snake (the black stripes).


sewu

Alternative spelling of sèwu, romanization of ꦱꦺꦮꦸ


ꦏꦫꦺꦴ

Affixed ꦫꦺꦴ (ro, “two”) + ꦏ- (ka-), inherited from Old Javanese karwa (“the two, both; a second, with”).


ꦮꦶꦢꦢ

→ Indonesian: Widodo


ꦥ꦳ꦶꦂꦩꦤ꧀

Borrowed from Malay firman, from Classical Malay firman (“permission”), from Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”). Doublet of ꦥꦿꦩꦤ (pramana).


ꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese śakti (“power, strength; powerful, mighty”), from Sanskrit शक्ति (śakti).


ꦄꦢꦶꦠꦾ

Inherited from Old Javanese āditya, from Sanskrit आदित्य (ādityá).

(Hinduism) Aditya: Any of a group of solar deities, the sons of Aditi and Kashyapa.


ꦄꦢꦶꦠꦾ

→ Indonesian: Aditya


ꦨꦶꦩ

→ Indonesian: Bimo

Inherited from Old Javanese bhīma (“terrific, terrible, formidable”), from Sanskrit भीम (bhīma, “terrific”). Doublet of ꦧꦶꦩ (bima).


ꦥꦸꦂꦧ

From Malay purba, from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva, “initial, first”). Doublet of ꦥꦸꦂꦮ (purwa).


ꦮꦲꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese wāhana (“vehicle; conveyance”), from Sanskrit वाहन (vāhana, “vehicle”)


ꦮꦲꦤ

→ Indonesian: Wahono


ꦮꦶꦗꦪ

Inherited from Old Javanese wijaya (“victory, triumph; victorious”), from Sanskrit विजय (vijaya).


ꦮꦶꦗꦪ

desc

→ Indonesian: Widjaja, Widjojo, Wijaya, Wijoyo


ꦆꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ

→ Indonesian: Indra (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese indra, from Sanskrit इन्द्र (indra).

(Hinduism) Indra: The god of war and weather; also the King of the Gods or Devas and Lord of Heaven or Svargaloka in Hinduism.


ꦥꦿꦩꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese pramāṇa (“measure; proof, evidence, argumentation; standard; authority; ruler, governor”), from Sanskrit प्रमाण (pramāṇa, “proof, evidence; measure”). Doublet of ꦥ꦳ꦶꦂꦩꦤ꧀ (firman).


ꦥꦿꦩꦤ

→ Indonesian: Pramono


ꦧꦶꦩ

Inherited from Old Javanese bhīma (“terrific, terrible, formidable”), from Sanskrit भीम (bhīma, “terrific”). Doublet of ꦨꦶꦩ (Bima).


ꦲꦂꦒ

→ Indonesian: argo

Inherited from Old Javanese arga (“mountain-peak; mountain”).


ꦄꦂꦒ

→ Indonesian: Arga, Argo


ꦏ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀ꦧꦸ

desctree

→ Malay: kelambu
Indonesian: kelambu
→ Ilocano: kulambo
→ Dutch: klamboe
→ Aukan: kalambu
→ Sranan Tongo: klambu
→ Tagalog: kulambo
→ Tausug: kulambu'
→ Tok Pisin: klambu

Affixed ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦸ (ambu, “smell, odor”) + k- + -el-.


ꦧꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ

→ Indonesian: Bambang


ꦥꦿꦠꦩ

Inherited from Old Javanese prathama (“first; chief; excellence; firstly”), from Sanskrit प्रथम (prathamá, “first, primary, original”).


ꦥꦿꦠꦩ

→ Indonesian: pratama, Pratama


ꦲꦠꦺꦴꦱ꧀

Affixed ꦠꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (tos, “hard”) + ꦲ- (a-), inherited from Old Javanese atwas (“hard”). Compare to Balinese katos.


ꦛꦸꦏꦸꦭ꧀

Probably inherited from Old Javanese *cukul, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tukul (“to sprout, to grow”), from Proto-Austronesian *tukul (“to sprout, to grow”).


ꦠꦺꦴꦱ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tos (“descendant, offspring; product”), twas (“hardness; core, heart”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *teRas (“heartwood of a tree, hard, durable core of wood; ironwood tree”).


thukul

ꦛꦸꦏꦸꦭ꧀ ꦛꦸꦏꦸꦭ꧀#Javanese


ꦄꦂꦪ

→ Indonesian: Arya, Aryo

Inherited from Old Javanese ārya (“honorable, respectable, noble”), from Sanskrit आर्य (ā́rya, “noble; noble one”).


ꦱꦔꦸ

→ Indonesian: sangu

Inherited from Old Javanese saṅu (“provision”).


ꦠꦤ꧀ꦢꦸꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tanduk (“right (effective) way to act”).


ꦠꦶꦪꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese tihaṅ, tiyaṅ (“mast, pole, pillar”).


ꦮꦶꦱ꧀ꦩ

Inherited from Old Javanese wiśma, weśma (“house, dwelling”), from Sanskrit वेश्मन् (veśman, “palace, abode, house”).


ꦏꦼꦫꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese kāraṇa (“cause, reason; stratagem, trick”), from Sanskrit कारण (kāraṇa, “cause; reason”). Compare Malay kerana.


ꦏꦿꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese kāraṇa (“cause, reason; stratagem, trick”), from Sanskrit कारण (kāraṇa, “cause; reason”).


radèn

ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀ ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦧꦫꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese barah (“leprous ulcer”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).


ꦢ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦁ

→ English: daluwang, dluwang

→ Indonesian: deluang

Inherited from Old Javanese daluwaṅ (“clothing of bark cloth”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaluang.


ꦧꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese *buh, *bĕh, *böh, probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).


ꦧꦼꦝꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese bĕḍah (“to break, to burst”).


ꦧꦼꦝꦃ

→ Malay: bedah

Indonesian: bedah


ꦲꦼꦂꦗꦸꦤ

Herjuna (romanization)
Herjuno (romanization)

Inherited from Old Javanese Arjuna (literally “white”), from Sanskrit अर्जुन (arjuna).


krètèk

ꦏꦿꦺꦠꦺꦏ꧀ ꦏꦿꦺꦠꦺꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦏꦿꦺꦠꦺꦏ꧀

head

ꦏꦿꦺꦠꦺꦏ꧀ (krètèk)


ꦄꦂꦗꦸꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese Arjuna , from Sanskrit अर्जुन (arjuna).

A major character of the Mahabharata, a Sanskrit epic.

a male given name from Sanskrit, popular in South Asia.


ꦗꦪ

Inherited from Old Javanese jaya (“conquest; victory, triumph; victorious”), from Sanskrit जय (jaya, “victory”).


ꦱ꧀ꦮꦠꦤ꧀ꦠꦿ

→ Indonesian: swatantra

Inherited from Old Javanese swatantra (“self-dependence, independence”), from Sanskrit स्वतन्त्र (svatantra).


ꦠꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ

→ Indonesian: tantri

Inherited from Old Javanese tantri, from Sanskrit तन्त्र (tantra).

(literature) A prosaic fable from Pancatantra.


ꦢꦾꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese dyah (“respectable young person”).


empal

ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦭ꧀ ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦭ꧀#Javanese


eling

ꦲꦺꦭꦶꦁ ꦲꦺꦭꦶꦁ#Javanese

alternative spelling of éling, Romanization of ꦲꦺꦭꦶꦁ


ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦤ꧀

head

ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦤ꧀ (emban)

→ Indonesian: emban (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese ĕmban, hĕmban (“that which carries or encloses; assistant and guardian”).


ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦭ꧀

head

ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦭ꧀ (empal)

→ Indonesian: empal

Inherited from Old Javanese ĕmpal (“flesh, meat”). Compare to Sundanese ᮈᮙ᮪ᮕᮜ᮪ (empal).

inh+

(cooking) slices of spiced meat fried in coconut oil.


ꦲꦶꦢꦼꦥ꧀

head

ꦲꦶꦢꦼꦥ꧀ (idep)

→ Indonesian: idep

→ Malay: ايدڤ (idap)

Inherited from Old Javanese idĕp, hidĕp (“eye-lashes”).


andhong

ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦁ ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦁ#Javanese


anthèk

ꦲꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦏ꧀ ꦲꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦏ꧀#Javanese


ꦲꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦏ꧀

→ Indonesian: antek


ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: andong

(transport) gig, chair, chaise: a two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage.


ꦲꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦁ

→ Indonesian: anteng

Inherited from Old Javanese antĕṅ (“quiet, calm, working steadily”).


ꦲꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: andong

Inherited from Old Javanese andoṅ, handoṅ, andwaṅ (“a small ornamental plant”).


ꦱꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese salah (“changing; deviating; wrong, mistaken; missed, escaped”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq. Doublet of ꦱꦭꦃ (salah).


ꦱꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese śāla (“house, mansion, hall, large room, stable; Śāl tree”), from Sanskrit शाला (śālā).


ꦱꦭ

Surakarta (a city in Central Java, Indonesia)


ꦮꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese waśa, baśa, from Sanskrit वश (vaśa).


ꦱꦭꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese salah (“changing; deviating; wrong, mistaken; missed, escaped”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq. Doublet of ꦱꦭ (sala).


ꦱꦭꦶꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese śarīra (“body; one's own person”), from Sanskrit शरीर (śarīra, “body”).


ꦝꦸꦮꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese luhur, ruhur, ḍuhur (“above”).


slamet

ꦱ꧀ꦭꦩꦼꦠ꧀ ꦱ꧀ꦭꦩꦼꦠ꧀#Javanese


Slamet

ꦱ꧀ꦭꦩꦼꦠ꧀ ꦱ꧀ꦭꦩꦼꦠ꧀#Javanese


sugeng

ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁ ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁ#Javanese


bayem

ꦧꦪꦼꦩ꧀ ꦧꦪꦼꦩ꧀#Javanese


ꦱ꧀ꦭꦩꦼꦠꦤ꧀

→ English: slametan

→ Indonesian: selamatan

slametan: A Javanese communal feast, held to celebrate numerous types of event.


ꦧꦪꦼꦩ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese bayĕm (“spinach”).


ꦩꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese mala (“dirt, filth; impurity; stain; defect; sin”), from Sanskrit मल (mala).


ꦱ꧀ꦭꦩꦼꦠ꧀

Borrowed from Malay selamat, from Arabic سَلَامَات (salāmāt), plural of سَلَام (salām).


ꦫꦶꦁꦒꦶꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese riṅgit (“figure, wayang figure, wayang performance”). Semantic loan from Malay ringgit (“ringgit”, literally “jagged”), gerigi (“jagged”), gigi (“tooth”).


ꦫꦶꦁꦒꦶꦠ꧀

(historical) the two-and-a-half silver guilder; two-and-a-half rupiah.


ꦲꦭꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese alap (“to take; to fetch; to carry off; to steal; to seize; to win”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *alap, from Proto-Austronesian *alap (“fetch, get, take”).


ꦲꦭꦥ꧀

Japanese sparrowhawk
Japanese sparrowhawk

Accipiter gularis
Accipiter gularis#Translingual

(zoology) Japanese sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis).


ꦏꦼꦠꦫ

Affixed ꦠꦫ (tara, “clean; shining brightly; star; high”) + ꦏꦼ- (ke-).


ꦥꦿꦶꦧꦸꦩꦶ

→ Indonesian: pribumi

native: a person who is native to a place; a person who was born in a place.


ꦧꦸꦩꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese bhūmi (“the earth, the world; ground; land; basis”), from Sanskrit भूमि (bhūmi).


ꦒꦫꦶꦱꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: garisan (semantic loan)

ruler: a (usually rigid), flat, rectangular measuring or drawing device with graduations in units of measurement; a straightedge with markings.


ꦠꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese tara (“comparative suffix”), from Sanskrit [Term?].


ꦠꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese tāra (“star”), from Sanskrit तारा (tārā).


ꦥꦿꦶ-

Inherited from Old Javanese pari-, from Sanskrit परि (pari).


ꦢꦪ

power, energy, capacity, strength, force.


ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦫ

→ Indonesian: bendara, bendoro

>? Malay: bentara

> Indonesian: bentara (inherited)

Borrowed from Prakrit bhaṁḍāra, bhaṁḍāāra, bhaṁḍāgāra, from Sanskrit भाण्डागार (bhāṇḍāgāra, “treasury”).


ꦮꦂꦢꦪ

Inherited from Old Javanese hṛdaya (“heart”), from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya).


ꦧꦫꦺꦴꦤ꧀

From Dutch baron (“baron”), from Middle Dutch baroen, from Old French baron, from Frankish *barō.


ꦒꦸꦭ

Inherited from Old Javanese gula (“sugar; syrup”), from Sanskrit गुल (gula, “unrefined sugar, molasses”).


ꦒꦸꦫꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese guru, from Sanskrit गुरु (guru).


ꦒꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦱ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕṇḍis (“sugar”).


ꦝꦥꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍapur (“cluster”).


ꦝꦥꦸꦂ

Borrowed from Malay dapur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dapuR, from Proto-Austronesian *dapuR (“hearth, external part”). Cognate with Tagalog dapog, Samoan magalafu (“fireplace, furnace”).


ꦩꦁꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese masa, māsa (“month; time”), from Sanskrit मास (māsa).

inh+

period of Javanese agricultural calendar.


ꦩꦁꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese masa (“certainly not; it is impossible”).


ꦩꦁꦱ

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mems-
Proto-Indo-European *mḗmsder.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám
Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa)bor.
Old Javanese māṅsa
Javanese ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)
Inherited from Old Javanese māṅsa (“flesh, meat; prey, food; flesh-eating; consuming, devouring”), from Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa, “flesh”).


ꦤꦒꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese nagara (“palace (kraton); court; residence; capital; state or realm”), from Sanskrit नगर (nagara, “town; city”). Doublet of ꦤꦒꦫ (nagara), ꦤꦒꦫꦶ (nagari), ꦤꦼꦒꦫ (negara), and ꦤꦼꦒꦫꦶ (negari).


ꦧꦭꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese bali (“again, once more”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balik. Doublet of ꦧꦭꦶꦏ꧀ (balik) and ꦮꦭꦶ (wali).


ꦭꦤꦁ

→ Indonesian: lanang

→ Musi: lanang

Inherited from Old Javanese lanaṅ (“male”).


ꦮꦤꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese wani, wāni (“courage, bravery, valour, prowess; to dare, daring, courageous, brave, valiant”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀani (“to be brave, be bold; to dare”). Doublet of ꦧꦿꦤꦶ (brani).


ꦲꦭꦺꦴꦠ꧀

→ Indonesian: alot

Inherited from Old Javanese alot, alwat.


ꦏꦼꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ

→ Indonesian: ketimbang

→ Malay: ketimbang


ꦮꦼꦮꦼꦤꦁ

→ Indonesian: wewenang

Reduplication of ꦮꦼꦤꦁ (wenang, “authorized; privilege”).


ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦔꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ (timbang, “fair, unbiased; weigh, weight”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).

af

balance, scales: a device for measuring weight.


ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ

Affixed ꦲꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ (imbang) + ꦠ- (ta-), inherited from Old Javanese timbaṅ (“match, the equal of”).


ꦮꦼꦤꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese wĕnaṅ (“be able to; have a right to; have authority; can”).


ꦮꦼꦤꦁ

→ Indonesian: wenang


ꦠꦸꦤꦁ

→ Malay: tunang

Indonesian: tunang

Affixed ꦲꦸꦤꦁ (unang) + ꦠ- (ta-), see Old Javanese unĕṅ, unaṅ (“longing, yearning, heartache”).


ꦲꦸꦮꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese huwan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quban, compare Malay uban.


ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

head

ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (tonton)

→ Malay: tonton
Indonesian: tonton


sléndro

ꦱ꧀ꦭꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦺꦴ ꦱ꧀ꦭꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦺꦴ#Javanese


pélog

ꦥꦺꦭꦺꦴꦒ꧀ ꦥꦺꦭꦺꦴꦒ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦺꦭꦺꦴꦒ꧀

ꦥꦺꦭꦺꦴꦒ꧀ (pélog)

→ English: pelog

→ Indonesian: pelog

(music) pelog: one of the two essential scales of gamelan music native to Bali and Java in Indonesia.


ꦱ꧀ꦭꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦺꦴ

ꦱ꧀ꦭꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦺꦴ (sléndro)

→ English: slendro

→ Indonesian: slendro

Unknown, probably from Old Javanese śailendra.

(music) slendro: a pentatonic scale, the older of the two most common scales used in Indonesian gamelan music, the other being pelog.


ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀

desc

→ Arabic: غَامِيلَان (ḡāmīlān)

→ Arabic: غَامِيلَان (ḡāmīlān)

→ English: gamelan

→ Irish: gamelan

→ Hindi: गमेलन (gamelan)

→ Indonesian: gamelan

→ Japanese: ガムラン (gamuran)

→ Malay: gamelan

→ Russian: гамела́н (gamelán)

→ Thai: กาเมลัน (gaa-mee-lan)

Inherited from Old Javanese gamelan, gamel (“to strike, hit”) + -an.


denta

ꦢꦼꦤ꧀ꦠ ꦢꦼꦤ꧀ꦠ#Javanese

ꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦠ ꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦠ#Javanese

Nonstandard spelling of dènta. Romanization of ꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦠ


yuswa

ꦪꦸꦱ꧀ꦮ ꦪꦸꦱ꧀ꦮ#Javanese


pahargyan

ꦥꦲꦂꦒꦾꦤ꧀ ꦥꦲꦂꦒꦾꦤ꧀#Javanese


ꦥꦲꦂꦒꦾꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦲꦂꦒꦾ (argya) + ꦥ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (pa- -han).


ꦪꦸꦱ꧀ꦮ

→ Sundanese: ᮚᮥᮞ᮪ᮝ (yuswa)

Inherited from Old Javanese yuṣa, āyuṣa, āyuṣya (“life”), from Sanskrit आयुष्य (āyuṣya).


ꦲꦂꦒꦾ

Inherited from Old Javanese argya, arga, from Sanskrit अग्र (agra).


ꦭꦫꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: laras

Inherited from Old Javanese laras (“bow”).


ꦭꦫꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: laras

>? Malay: laras

Indonesian: laras


ꦚꦼꦫꦶ

Borrowed from Indonesian nyeri (“pain”), from Sundanese ᮑᮨᮛᮤ (nyeri, “ill, sick; pain”). Compare to ꦱꦼꦫꦶꦏ꧀ (serik, “offended, irritated”) + N-.


ꦧꦏꦶ

Borrowed from Indonesian baki, from Dutch bakje, diminutive form of bak.


srundèng

ꦱꦿꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦁ ꦱꦿꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦁ#Javanese


mangayubagya

ꦩꦔꦪꦸꦧꦒꦾ ꦩꦔꦪꦸꦧꦒꦾ#Javanese


ambeng

ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦁ ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦁ#Javanese


ꦱꦿꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦁ

head

ꦱꦿꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦁ (srundèng)

desctree

→ Indonesian: serundeng
→ Dutch: seroendeng

(cooking) a spicy grated coconut side dish or condiment as rice accompany


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese ambĕṅ, hambĕṅ.

inh+

(cooking) rice and various foods in dishes or in a bamboo tray as a ritual meal


ꦧꦒꦾ

Inherited from Old Javanese bhāgya (“good fortune, luck; fortunate, lucky”), from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya).


ꦧꦼꦗ

→ Indonesian: bejo


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦒꦸꦤ

→ Indonesian: mandraguna

Compound of ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (mandra) + ꦒꦸꦤ (guna).


mandraguna

ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦒꦸꦤ ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦒꦸꦤ#Javanese


ꦒꦸꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese guṇa (“quality, property; good quality, virtue, excellence, accomplishment, skill; use, employment; magic”), from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “single thread of a cord; -fold, times; subdivision, species, kind, quality, attribute, property; constituent of Prakṛti; property or characteristic of all created things”).


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ

Inherited from Old Javanese mendra (“to wander around; wandering, spinning, whirling, unstable”).


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ

Unknown, probably *ꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (*ndra) + ꦩ- (ma-), from ꦆꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (Indra) + ꦩ- (ma-).


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ

Inherited from Old Javanese mandra, manda (“weak, faint, faintly visible or audible, dim, soft, gentle, low”), from Sanskrit मन्द्र (mandra, “low, deep”).


ꦲꦧꦲꦤ꧀

→ Indonesian: abahan