langi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋuy, alternative form of *naŋuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Naŋuy.


mangan

head

mangan (ngoko mangan, krama nedha, krama inggil ndhahar)

mangan (informal)
nedha (krama)
ndhahar (honorific)


pahat

From Old Javanese pahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqət (“chisel”).


goreng

→ Osing: goreng

→ Tengger: goreng

to fry (process to make something dry and crispy or crunchy)


ater

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hatəD, compare Malay hantar.


mateni

ꦩꦠꦼꦤꦶ ꦩꦠꦼꦤꦶ#Javanese


lali

From Old Javanese lali (“to forget, fail to notice; to neglect, be indifferent”).


maos

From N- + waos (“to read”) or from the verb maca (“to read”) + -os (polite suffix), ultiimately from waca.


inep

→ Betawi: inep

From Old Javanese hinĕp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qinəp.


ꦩꦔꦤ꧀

head

ꦩꦔꦤ꧀ (ngoko ꦩꦔꦤ꧀, krama ꦤꦼꦣ, krama inggil ꦣꦲꦂ)

ꦩꦔꦤ꧀ (informal)
ꦤꦼꦣ (krama)
ꦣꦲꦂ (honorific)


ꦠꦶꦊꦩ꧀

ꦠꦶꦊꦩ꧀ (ngoko ꦠꦸꦫꦸ, krama ꦠꦶꦊꦩ꧀, krama inggil ꦱꦫꦺ)

ꦠꦸꦫꦸ (informal)
ꦠꦶꦊꦩ꧀ (krama)
ꦱꦫꦺ (honorific)

Inherited from Old Javanese tilĕm (“the night of the dark moon, (last day of) the kṛṣṇapakṣa; ceremonies for the dead”) or tilam (“mattress, sleeping mat; bed, bedstead”).


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦿꦤꦁ

Anunten para satriya utawi para mantri kang pepilihan, para ratu tuwin bupati ingkang anitih rata utawi gajah, oboripun sami datheng, abra kados jawah latu, amewahi ambranang satengahing paprangan.

1937, Raden Ngabehi Kartapradja, chapter 7, in Baratayuda:

Then the selected warriors or lieutenants, the kings and regents who rode wagons or elephants, with them were also torches, all around like rain of fire, which turned [the battlefield] fiery red in the middle of the war.


mahami

From Arabic فهم (fahum, “understanding”).


dicubriyani

Third-person singular and plural passive of nyubriyani


ꦲꦺꦭꦶꦁ

head

ꦲꦺꦭꦶꦁ (éling)

→ Indonesian: eling


didongèngi

didongèngi (ngoko didongèngi, krama dipundongèngi)

didongèngi (informal)
dipundongèngi (krama)

Third-person singular and plural passive of ndongèngi


kucing-kucingan

jv-verb

ꦏꦸꦕꦶꦁꦏꦸꦕꦶꦁꦔꦤ꧀


ꦏꦼꦧꦿꦤꦁ

Affixed ꦧꦿꦤꦁ (branang) + ꦏꦼ- (ke-), probably from Old Javanese kabraṇan (“wounded”).

to be wounded by fire e.g. a cigarette butt


ꦤꦼꦣ

head

ꦤꦼꦣ (ngoko ꦩꦔꦤ꧀, krama ꦤꦼꦣ, krama inggil ꦣꦲꦂ)


digawa

digawa (ngoko lugu digawa, ngoko alus diampil, krama lugu dipunbekta, krama alus dipunampil)

lugu digawa (informal)
alus diampil (informal)
lugu dipunbekta (krama)
alus dipunampil (krama)

Third-person singular and plural passive of nggawa


ndhahar

ndhahar (ngoko mangan, krama nedha, krama inggil ndhahar)


ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦲꦂ

ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦲꦂ (ngoko ꦩꦔꦤ꧀, krama ꦤꦼꦣ, krama inggil ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦲꦂ)

ꦩꦔꦤ꧀ (informal)
ꦤꦼꦣ (krama)
ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦲꦂ (honorific)


ꦱꦫꦺ

Inherited from Old Javanese sare (“slope, incline; leaning, inclining”). Compare Chinese 休 (“to rest; to relax”, literally “a man leaning against a tree”).


ꦠꦸꦫꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese turū, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ. Cognate with Malay tidur, Indonesian tidur, Tagalog tulog.


ꦩꦕ

Affixed ꦮꦕ (waca) + N-, inherited from Old Javanese amaca, aṅwaca (“to read, to sing (a text)”).


ꦩꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀

head

ꦩꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (ngoko ꦩꦕ, krama ꦩꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀)

jv-verb

ꦩꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (ngoko ꦩꦕ, krama ꦩꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀)


bledhug

bledhug (informal)
bledhug (krama-ngoko)

From Old Javanese *bĕlĕḍog (“to burst asunder”).


ꦧ꧀ꦊꦣꦸꦒ꧀

head

ꦧ꧀ꦊꦣꦸꦒ꧀ (krama-ngoko ꦧ꧀ꦊꦣꦸꦒ꧀)

jv-verb

ꦧ꧀ꦊꦣꦸꦒ꧀ (krama-ngoko ꦧ꧀ꦊꦣꦸꦒ꧀)

ꦧ꧀ꦊꦣꦸꦒ꧀ (informal)
ꦧ꧀ꦊꦣꦸꦒ꧀ (krama-ngoko)

From Old Javanese *ꦧꦼꦊꦢꦺꦴꦒ꧀ (*beledog, “to burst asunder”).


ꦠꦼꦏ

From Old Javanese tĕka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təka.


ꦗꦩꦱ꧀

head

ꦗꦩꦱ꧀ (jamas) (ngoko ꦏꦿꦩꦱ꧀, krama inggil ꦗꦩꦱ꧀)

jamas (romanization)
ꦏꦿꦩꦱ꧀ (informal)
ꦗꦩꦱ꧀ (honorific)

desc

→ Indonesian: jamas (“to cleanse and to sanctify”)


ꦏꦿꦩꦱ꧀

head

ꦏꦿꦩꦱ꧀ (kramas) (ngoko ꦏꦿꦩꦱ꧀, krama inggil ꦗꦩꦱ꧀)

kramas (romanization)
ꦏꦿꦩꦱ꧀ (informal)
ꦗꦩꦱ꧀ (honorific)


ngetung

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qituŋ, compare Malay hitung.


ngilang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qilaŋ, compare Malay hilang.


ngimpi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hipi, compare Malay mimpi.


anggep

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *agəp, compare Malay anggap).


ꦱꦶꦢ

sida (romanization)
ꦱꦶꦢ (informal)
ꦱꦶꦪꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (krama)

From Old Javanese siddha, from Sanskrit सिद्ध (siddha).


ꦥꦼꦂꦠꦭ꧀

→ Indonesian: pertal

Borrowed from Dutch vertaal (“translate”).


lingsir

→ Indonesian: lengser

Inherited from Old Javanese lingsir (“slide down”).


ꦒꦮꦺ

→ Indonesian: gawai

→ Malay: gawai

Inherited from Old Javanese gawe, gaway, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gaway (“occupation”).

to trouble, to disturb, to stir up, to agitate


ꦠꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀

→ Malay: tilik

→ Indonesian: tilik


ꦧꦸꦠꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: butuh

→ Sundanese: ᮘᮥᮒᮥᮂ (butuh)

Unknown, there are some possibility.
* from Old Javanese wutuh (“whole, intact”).
* from Old Javanese butuh (“in trouble, in difficulties, embarrassed”) (compare to Javanese ꦲꦸꦛꦸꦃ (uthuh, “to persist; shameless, brazen, to have a nerve”), Old Javanese tutuh (“blame, reproof, reprimand, reproach”)).
* from Old Javanese botoh (“to bet, wager; gambler”), toh (“stake”).

inh

ꦲꦏꦸꦧꦸꦠꦸꦃꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ꧉


ꦲꦧꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: abuh

Inherited from Old Javanese aböh, abuh (“swollen”), *bĕh, *buh, *böh.


sunggi

carry on something (usually on top of head or shoulder)


ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ

From Old Javanese ukir (“carve”). Cognate with Balinese ᬳᬸᬓᬶᬃ (ukir).

decorate with carving (wood, stone or metal)


ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese taṅguṅ (“carrying, bearing, burden, load”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ (“carry on a shoulder pole”).

inh

to vouch for; to accept responsibility for


tumbuk

From Old Javanese tumbuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumbuk.

to collide head-on; to knock against; to strike each other


ꦱꦼꦩꦪ

head

ꦱꦼꦩꦪ (semaya) (ngoko ꦱꦼꦩꦪ, krama ꦱꦼꦩꦢꦺꦴꦱ꧀)

semaya (romanization)
ꦱꦼꦩꦪ (informal)
ꦱꦼꦩꦢꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (krama)

desc

→ Indonesian: sêmaya (“to postpone, to delay”)

Inherited from Old Javanese samaya, from Sanskrit समय (samaya).


ꦗꦒ

From Old Javanese jaga (influenced by Pali jagga), jāgra (“to wake up; to be awake, watchful”), from Sanskrit जागर्ति (jāgarti), जागृ (jāgṛ).


ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀

head

ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀ (urip)

→ Malay: urip

→ Indonesian: urip (“to live”)


ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ

Affixed N- + ꦲꦏꦸ (aku, “1st person personal pronoun”).


ꦏꦸꦏꦸꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese kukur (“to scratch”).


ꦠꦤ꧀ꦢꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese tandaṅ (“action, operation, attack; at once, immediately”)


ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ

desctree

→ Malay: undi (“to vote”)
Indonesian: undi

Inherited from Old Javanese uṇḍi (“ball”), from Tamil உண்டை (uṇṭai, “ball, dice”).


ꦲꦉꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese arĕp, harĕp (“wish, desire”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀəp.


ꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese wontĕn, wĕntĕn, wwantĕn (“there is (are); here is”), wwaya, wwara, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada.


ꦠꦔꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese taṅhi, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₂ŋiiʔ (“sun, day”) (compare to Khmer ថ្ងៃ (thngay, “day”)).


ꦲꦫꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese ari (“to cease”), harih, arih, hari, ari (“to soothe”).


ꦫꦮꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese rawuh (“to fall; to come, to arrive”) (compare Balinese ᬭᬯᬸᬄ (rauh, “to come, to arrive”)), ḍawuh (“to fall”).


ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁ

Compound of ꦱꦸ (su, “good, wellness”) + ꦒꦼꦁ (geng, “big; large; great”).


ꦕꦝꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese caḍaṅ (“preparation”).


ꦢꦶꦭꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese dilat, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”) (compare to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilat, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilap (“to lick”)), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”).


ꦥꦺꦴꦭꦃ

desc

→ Indonesian: polah (“conduct, behaviour”)


ꦠꦺꦴꦭꦏ꧀

From Old Javanese tulak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”).


ꦱꦺꦮ

Borrowed from Malay sewa, from Arabic سَاوَى (sāwā, “to cost”).


ꦱꦺꦧ

Inherited from Old Javanese sewa (“service; attendance; worship, reverence; homage”), from Sanskrit सेवा (sevā).


ꦮꦕ

Inherited from Old Javanese waca, from Sanskrit वाचा (vācā).


ꦠꦼꦩꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese tĕmu (“meeting, joining, touching”), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təmu (“to meet, receive; greet a guest”), or alternatively from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁mu, *t₁muj, *t₁muəj (“guest, visitor”). Doublet of ꦠꦩꦸ (tamu).


ꦠꦸꦫꦸꦤ꧀

desc

→ Indonesian: turun (“to copy”) (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese turun (“descend”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuʀun (“to descend, go down; to lower”).


ꦲꦭꦶꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese alih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aliq.


ꦥꦼꦂꦕꦪ

desctree

→ Malay: percaya, (informal) caya
Indonesian: percaya
→ Maranao: paratiyaya
→ Tausug: paratsaya

Inherited from Old Javanese parcaya, pracaya, from Sanskrit प्रत्यय (pratyaya).


ꦏꦼꦭꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀

⇒ Malay: kelakonan (“achievement”)

Affixed ꦭꦏꦸ (laku) + ꦏꦼ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ke- -han), inherited from Old Javanese kalakun, kalakwan (“to set in motion, to practise, to realize”).


ꦥꦱꦺꦴꦏ꧀

→ Indonesian: pasok


ꦠꦠ

desc

→ Indonesian: tata (“order; arrangement; system”)

Inherited from Old Javanese tatā (“arrangement, ordering; fixed order, rule”), from Pali tathā (“in this way”), from Sanskrit तथा (tathā, “in that manner”).


ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

head

ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (wènten)

Inherited from Old Javanese wĕntĕn, wontĕn, wwantĕn (“there is (are); here is”), wwaya, wwara (“to be there; to be present”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada. Doublet of ꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (wonten).

inh+

(Serang, bagongan, kadhaton) there is/are; to be


ꦤꦼꦝ

Affixed N- + ꦠꦼꦝ (tedha), inherited from Old Javanese nĕḍa


ꦫꦸꦔꦸ

→ Indonesian: rungu (“hearing”)

Inherited from Old Javanese ruṅu, rĕṅö, ḍĕṅö (“to hear”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋəʀ.

inh

ruṅu, rĕṅö, ḍĕṅö

inh+

ruṅu, rĕṅö, ḍĕṅö


ꦠꦸꦩ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tum (“to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁um (“to boil, to distil”) (compare Thai ต้ม (dtôm, “to boil”), Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).

der

(cooking) to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed


ꦢꦢꦶ

dadi (romanization)
dadi (informal)
dados (krama)


ꦱꦸꦢ

Inherited from Old Javanese śuddha (“subtracted, diminished; subtraction”), from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha, “pure; clear; clean; true; right; accurate; simple”).


ꦩꦺꦴꦁ

Affixed N- + ꦮꦺꦴꦁ (wong, “person”), inherited from Old Javanese moṅ, mwaṅ (“to take care, to foster, to kindle; guard, look after, tend”).


ꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦠ

Inherited from Old Javanese ripta (“document, inscribed object”), from Sanskrit रिप्त (ripta, “smeared”).


ꦲꦸꦭꦸ

(colloquial) alternative spelling of ꦮꦸꦭꦸ (wulu)


ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese sikĕp (“catching, gripping, seizing”), from Proto-Austronesian *sikep (“tight-fitting, of clothing”).


ꦏꦸꦮꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese kuwu (“dwelling, housing, quarter, lodging; encampment, tent; residence; administrative division under a kuwu, akuwu; leader of such administrative division”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kubu (“field hut in the rice fields”).


ꦒꦁꦱ

Unknown, probably a semantic alteration of Etymology 1.


ꦭꦪꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese layu (“wilted; faded, withered; pale, faded; suffer”), from Proto-Austronesian *layu (“wither, wilt”).


ꦲꦶꦢꦼꦂ

→ Indonesian: ider

Inherited from Old Javanese idĕr, hidĕr (“turning, circling”).


ꦱꦼꦉꦥ꧀

→ Indonesian: sêrêp

From Classical Malay serap, from Proto-Malayic *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səʀəp.


ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦂ

→ Indonesian: tempur

Inherited from Old Javanese tĕmpur (“to knock against each other; to clash and become one heap or mass”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *puh (“to slap, hit”).


ꦩ꧀ꦭꦪꦸ

Affixed ꦭꦪꦸ (layu) + N-, inherited from Old Javanese malayū (“to run, to run away, to flee”).


ꦏꦼꦠꦼꦩꦸ

Affixed ꦠꦼꦩꦸ (temu) + ꦏꦼ- (ke-), inherited from Old Javanese katĕmu (“meeting, finding”).


ꦠꦸꦁꦒꦸꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tuṅgu (“guarding, waiting”).


ꦏꦂꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese karsa, kaharṣa (“desire, wish; desired”). Doublet of ꦏꦼꦂꦱ (kersa).

inh+

(krama inggil) to be willing to; would like to


ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese undaṅ, hundaṅ (“to call; to invite”).


ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦭ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese timbal (“one after or over the other, -fold”).

inh+

to pass from one (person or thing) to another


ꦩꦭꦶꦁ

→ Indonesian: maling

Inherited from Old Javanese maliṅ (“thief; thievish; stealthy”).


ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀

head

ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ (gandhèk)


ꦱꦮꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese sawuṅ (“cock, fighting-cock; cock-fight”, literally “gathering”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sabuŋ (“pit two opponents against each other; cockfight”).


ꦧꦶꦱ

→ Peranakan Indonesian: iso

desctree

→ Malay: bisa
> Indonesian: bisa (inherited)

* Inherited from Old Javanese bisa (“powerful, mighty; skilled, accomplished, capable”), probably from Sanskrit. Doublet of ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa) and ꦮꦶꦱ (wisa).
** Sanskrit विष (viṣa, “poison”).
** Sanskrit विशारद (viśārada, “clever, skilful, or proficient”), from विश (viśa) or बिस (bisa, “the fibres of the stalk of a lotus”).
** Sanskrit विश् (viś, “working man, peasant”). Compare to Sanskrit वैश्य (vaiśya, “peasant, Vaishya”).
* Inherited from Old Javanese byasa, bhyāsa, abhyāsa (“to be practised in, to occupy os. constantly with; to be familiar with, acquainted with, at home in”), from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa, “drill; habit”).
According to Blust and Trussel, the word comes from the same Sanskrit विष (viṣa, “poison”) and is very widespread in the Philippines and both western and eastern Indonesia, acquiring a variety of secondary meanings including that of general force or power, skill, knowledge and ability. In Malay and some other languages (e.g. Rembong), this abstraction and generalization of the original concrete nominal sense has gone even further, leading to the use of bisa as an auxiliary verb meaning 'can, be able'.


ꦲꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese aṅkat (“departure, getting up”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aŋkat. Doublet of ꦲꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (angkat).


ꦱꦼꦥꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese sĕpuh (“hardening mixture for iron”).


ꦥꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese puh, pĕh, pöh (“pressed product, squeezing product; quintessence, best”).


ꦛꦸꦏꦸꦭ꧀

Probably inherited from Old Javanese *cukul, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tukul (“to sprout, to grow”), from Proto-Austronesian *tukul (“to sprout, to grow”).


ꦧꦼꦝꦃ

→ Malay: bedah

Indonesian: bedah

Inherited from Old Javanese bĕḍah (“to break, to burst”).


ꦮꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese waśa, baśa, from Sanskrit वश (vaśa).


ꦲꦭꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese alap (“to take; to fetch; to carry off; to steal; to seize; to win”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *alap, from Proto-Austronesian *alap (“fetch, get, take”).


ꦧꦭꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese bali (“again, once more”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balik. Doublet of ꦧꦭꦶꦏ꧀ (balik) and ꦮꦭꦶ (wali).


ꦮꦼꦤꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese wĕnaṅ (“be able to; have a right to; have authority; can”).


ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

head

ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (tonton)

→ Malay: tonton
Indonesian: tonton


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese ambĕṅ, hambĕṅ.


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ

Inherited from Old Javanese mendra (“to wander around; wandering, spinning, whirling, unstable”).


ꦲꦧ

→ Indonesian: aba

>? Malay: aba


ꦱꦺꦫꦺꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese *sered (“to drag”).


ꦮꦱ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese was, wās (“clear”).


ꦮꦮꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: wawas

Reduplication of ꦮꦱ꧀ (was, “to look at”).


ꦩꦮꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: mawas


ꦒꦒꦱ꧀

→ Indonesian: gagas


ꦝꦮꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍawuh (“falling”).


ꦮꦕꦤ

→ Indonesian: wacana
→ Malay: wacana

Inherited from Old Javanese wacana (“speech, word; sound, voice; teaching”), from Sanskrit वचन (vacana).


ꦧꦧꦢ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese babad (“to clear”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bajbaj, from Proto-Austronesian *bajbaj (“loosen, untie, unwrap; unravel; to clear forest”), *-baj (“unravel, untie”).


ꦲꦕꦸꦁ

→ Indonesian: acung


ꦲꦝꦁ

adhang (romanization)
hadhang (romanization)

Inherited from Old Javanese aḍaṅ, haḍaṅ (“to lie (stand) ready, to hold ready, to stand by, to wait, to meet”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadaŋ (“to block, obstruct a path; ambush”).


ꦲꦸꦏꦸꦂ

to measure (ascertain the quantity of a unit)


ꦢꦼꦩꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese dĕmak (“attack”).


ꦲꦢꦼꦒ꧀

Affixed ꦢꦼꦒ꧀ (deg) + ꦲ- (a-), inherited from Old Javanese adĕg (“to stand”).


ꦩꦭꦁ

Affixed ꦲꦭꦁ (alang) + ꦩ- (ma-), inherited from Old Javanese malaṅ (“to lie across; to be in the way”).


ꦏꦼꦂꦗ

Borrowed from Malay kerja (“work; job, occupation; to work”), from Sanskrit कार्य (kārya, “deed”). Doublet of ꦏꦂꦪ (karya).


ꦱꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese suhun (“to raise over the head; to pay homage; to accept respectfully; to ask respectfully”). Doublet of ꦱꦸꦲꦸꦤ꧀ (suhun).


ꦱꦸꦲꦸꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese suhun (“to raise over the head; to pay homage; to accept respectfully; to ask respectfully”). Doublet of ꦱꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀ (suwun).


ꦱꦶꦤꦸꦲꦸꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦱꦸꦲꦸꦤ꧀ (suhun) + -ꦲꦶꦤ꧀- (-in-), inherited from Old Javanese sinuhun.


ꦲꦢꦸꦱ꧀

Affixed ꦢꦸꦱ꧀ (dus, “bathe”) + ꦲ- (a-, “active verb-forming prefix”), inherited from Old Javanese adus (“to bathe”).
Cognate to Balinese ᬫᬦ᭄ᬤᬸᬲ᭄ (mandus).


ꦩꦶꦧꦼꦂ

Affixed ꦲꦶꦧꦼꦂ (iber, “fly(ing)”) + ꦩ- (ma-, “active verb-forming prefix”) (compare Balinese ᬫᬶᬩᭂᬃ (miber, “to fly”), from Old Javanese mibĕr, umibĕr (“to fly, fly up, fly away, fly about”).


ꦲꦫꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: aruh

→ Malay: aruh

Inherited from Old Javanese aruh (“noise, din”).


ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦁ

Cognate of Balinese ᬳᬸᬦ᭄ᬥᬂ (undang), Malay undang.


ꦥꦸꦥꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: pupuh

Inherited from Old Javanese pupuh (“stroke, blow; fight, battle; musical mallet”).


ꦥꦶꦠ

Affixed ꦲꦶꦠ (ita, “good, need; purpose, use, utility”) + ꦥ- (pa-).


ꦩꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ

head

ꦩꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ (minta) (active ꦩꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ, passive ꦥꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ)

minta (romanization)
ꦩꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ (active)
ꦥꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ (passive)

Affixed ꦲꦶꦠ (ita, “need, good; use”) + ꦩ- (ma-, “active verbal prefix”) + -ꦲꦶꦤ꧀- (-in-, “third person passive verbal infix”).


ꦥꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ

head

ꦥꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ (pinta) (active ꦩꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ, passive ꦥꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ)

pinta (romanization)
ꦩꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ (active)
ꦥꦶꦤ꧀ꦠ (passive)

Affixed ꦲꦶꦠ (ita, “need, good; use”) + ꦥ- (pa-, “passive verbal prefix”) + -ꦲꦶꦤ꧀- (-in-, “third person passive verbal infix”).


ꦏꦿꦶꦝ

→ Indonesian: krida

Inherited from Old Javanese krīḍā (“sport, play; pastime, amorous sport”), from Sanskrit क्रीडा (krīḍā, “game; sport”).


ꦪꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese yaśa (“honour, glory, fame, renown; deed, merit, honour, renown, meritorious deed; building”), from Sanskrit यशस् (yaśas, “honour; worth”).


ꦠꦶꦠꦶꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese titih (“lying on upper position; gone under, worsted, defeated”).


ꦤꦱ꧀ꦠꦥ

From Old Javanese tapa (“asceticism”), borrowed from Sanskrit तप (tapa, “religious austerity”).

bor

to practice asceticism by withdrawing from the world


ꦭꦸꦔ

Inherited from Old Javanese luṅa, luṅhā (“to go away; to go by; to pass (time)”).

inh+

ꦲꦗꦭꦸꦔꦲꦢꦺꦴꦃ꧉


ꦢꦂꦩ

Inherited from Old Javanese dharma, from Sanskrit धर्म (dharma).


ꦔꦽꦱ꧀ꦩꦺꦏꦏꦺ

head

ꦔꦽꦱ꧀ꦩꦺꦏꦏꦺ (ngresmèkaké)


ꦗꦼꦧꦸꦭꦺ

ꦗꦼꦧꦸꦭꦺ (jebulé)


ꦭꦏꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese laku (“going, course, walk, gait; moving forward, progress, journey; way of acting, conduct; in the manner of, like”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lakaw (“to go, to walk”).


ꦩ꧀ꦭꦏꦸ

Affixed ꦭꦏꦸ (laku) + N-, inherited from Old Javanese malaku (“to walk, to move forward, to take one's course, to be on one's way, to depart; to follow the way of life of”).


ꦝꦲꦂ

dhahar (romanization)
tedha (romanization)
pangan (romanization)

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍahar (“food, meal”). Cognate to Sundanese ᮓᮠᮁ (dahar)


ꦫꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ

→ Indonesian: rancang (semantic loan)

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">rancang</i>

>? Malay: رانچڠ (rancang)

> Indonesian: rancang (inherited)

Inherited from Old Javanese rañcaṅ (“frame (bodywork)”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *rcaŋ (“to prick, to pierce, to insert; rack, framework”).


ꦏꦫꦸꦤ

Inherited from Old Javanese karuṇa, karuṇā, from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”).


ꦏꦼꦂꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese karsa, kaharṣa (“desire, wish; desired”). Doublet of ꦏꦂꦱ (karsa).


ꦲꦂꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese harṣa (“front”, literally “desire”), from Sanskrit हर्ष (harṣa, “joy, pleasure, happiness; bristling; erection; ardent desire”).


ꦫꦸꦗꦏ꧀

Banyumasan: rujak

Caribbean Javanese: rujak

New Caledonian Javanese: rujak

→ Bangka: rujak

→ Betawi: rujak

→ Dutch: roedjak

⇒ English: rojak

→ Indonesian: rujak

→ Kangean: rojek, rojeg

→ Madurese: rojeg

→ Malay: rojak
→ English: rojak

ꦫꦸꦗꦏ꧀ꦕꦶꦔꦸꦂ

cattle's nostrils meat rujak, delicacy of Surabaya

ꦫꦸꦗꦏ꧀ꦢꦸꦭꦶꦠ꧀

finger-licking rujak, delicacy of Madura

ꦫꦸꦗꦏ꧀ꦢꦺꦱ

rural community rujak, delicacy of Madura


ꦠꦸꦩ꧀ꦥꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese tumpaṅ (“layer, tier, storey, shelf”).


ꦩꦶꦪꦂꦱ

miyarsa (romanization)
kawi (romanization)

Inherited from Old Javanese amiharṣa, from aN- + piharṣa. Surface analysis N- + piyarsa.


ꦩꦶꦂꦱ

From N- + pirsa. Derived from Old Javanese prekṣa, from Sanskrit प्रेक्षा (prekṣā, “spectacle”).


ꦮꦼꦫꦸꦃ

to see and recognize, to know (from sight, experience)


ꦠꦸꦭꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese tuluṅ (“help”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuluŋ.


ꦕꦮꦺ

to join in what others are doing or talking


ꦩꦁꦏꦠ꧀

desctree

→ Malay: mangkat
> Indonesian: mangkat (inherited)

Inherited from Old Javanese maṅkat (“to get up, rise, set out, depart”).


ꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦂ

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ꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦂ (inter)

Inherited from Old Javanese intar (“going away, retiring, departure”).

inh+

to whirl (rice grains) on a woven bamboo tray to separate out the unhusked grains


ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀

head

ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ (tuntun)

→ Malay: tuntun

> Indonesian: tuntun (inherited)

Inherited from Old Javanese tuntun (“rope or string for leading”).


ꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦒ꧀

Affixed ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦒ꧀ (andheg) + ꦩ- (ma-), inherited from Old Javanese maṇḍĕg.


ꦢꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese daṅ, ḍaṅ (“copper pot”).


ꦮꦺꦴꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese wor (“confused (of a battle), engaged in battle, fighting hand-to-hand”).


ꦠꦏꦺꦤ꧀

head

ꦠꦏꦺꦤ꧀ (takèn)


ꦩꦒꦼꦂꦱꦫꦶ

→ Indonesian: magersari

to build a house by borrowing the yard of the nobles/other people


ꦩꦔꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese maṅu (“lost in thoughts of longing (sorrow, etc), brooding, bewildered”).


ꦲꦸꦫꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese urak (“urging, goading”).


ꦊꦧꦼꦠ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese lĕbĕt, lĕbu.


ꦊꦧꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese lĕbu (“to enter”).


ꦏꦧꦸꦭ꧀

Borrowed from Malay kabul, from Classical Malay kabul, from Arabic قَبُول (qabūl).


ꦏꦧꦸꦭ꧀

Affixed ꦲꦧꦸꦭ꧀ (abul, “to destroy”, literally “to scatter”) + ꦏ- (ka-).

af

powdery and full of worms due to being stored for a long time


ꦲꦧꦂ

Borrowed from Arabic خَبَر (ḵabar, “news”). Doublet of ꦏꦧꦂ (kabar).


ꦒꦚꦁ

desctree

→ Indonesian: ganyang, ganjang (1947–1972)
→ Malay: ganyang


ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ

→ Indonesian: tunda

Inherited from Old Javanese tuṇḍa (“layer; succession, shift”).


ꦲꦼꦂꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese arthi (“meaning, explanation”), from artha (“aim, purpose; material progress; wealth, possessions; money; sense, meaning”), from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of ꦲꦂꦠꦶ (arti).


ꦲꦂꦠꦶ

Inherited from Old Javanese arthi (“meaning, explanation”), from artha (“aim, purpose; material progress; wealth, possessions; money; sense, meaning”), from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of ꦲꦼꦂꦠꦶ (erti).


ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦃ

desctree

→ Indonesian: unduh
→ Javanese: ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦃ (undhuh) (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Javanese uṇḍuh. Semantic loan from Indonesian unduh for sense 'to download'.


ꦱꦼꦝꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese sĕḍah (“having a (special) task, charged with”), suruh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀuq, from Proto-Austronesian *suʀuq.


ꦮꦏ꧀ꦠ

Inherited from Old Javanese wakta (“spoken; speaker”), from Sanskrit उक्त (ukta, “uttered, said, spoken; word, sentence”).


ꦭꦧꦸꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese labuh (“to end; to come to an end”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *labuq (“to fall; drop anchor”).


ꦭꦧꦸꦃ

→ Indonesian: labuh (semantic loan)


ꦔꦥꦸꦫ

Affixed ꦲꦥꦸꦫ (apura, “forgiveness”) + N-.


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦿꦸꦏ꧀

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ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦿꦸꦏ꧀ (ambruk)

→ Indonesian: ambruk

→ Malay: amberuk


ꦱꦺꦢ

→ Musi: (bebaso) sedo

Unknown,
* probably from Old Javanese siddha (“siddha”), from Sanskrit सिद्ध (siddha, “accomplished”). Doublet of ꦱꦶꦢ (sida).
* probably affixed ꦧꦺꦢ (béda) + ꦱ- (sa-).


ꦢꦢꦂ

→ Indonesian: dadar


ꦢꦢꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍaḍar (“to show itself in its fullness”).


ꦥꦫꦶꦏ꧀ꦱ

Inherited from Old Javanese parīkṣa (“careful inspection, observation, examination”), from Sanskrit परीक्षा (parīkṣā, “inspection, investigation, examination, test, trial by ordeal”).


ꦭꦸꦁꦱꦸꦂ

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">lungsur</i>

→ Malay: لوڠسور (lungsur)

> Indonesian: lungsur (inherited)

Inherited from Old Javanese luṅsur (“coming down, slipping down, sliding down; to come down, to slide down, to slip down”). Doublet of ꦭꦺꦴꦁꦱꦺꦴꦂ (longsor).


dhateng

Inherited from Old Javanese ḍatĕṅ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datəŋ.


ꦝꦠꦼꦁ

Carakan spelling of dhateng (“to come, to arive”)


ꦕꦼꦏꦼꦭ꧀

→ Indonesian: cekal


ꦱꦸꦱꦸꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese susun (“layer, tier, storey, row”), from Proto-Austronesian *susuN (“to stack up”).


ꦲꦗꦂ

Audio

Inherited from Old Javanese ajar (“communication, information, announcement; teaching, training; hermit”).

inh+

to learn, to do exercise, to receive training


ꦱꦼꦤꦼꦁ

→ Peranakan Indonesian: seneng

Inherited from Old Javanese sĕnĕṅ (“loved one, beloved”).


ꦲꦶꦱ

(ngoko, colloquial) Alternative spelling of ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa, “can, able”)


ꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀

Affixed ꦱꦭꦶꦤ꧀ (salin) + -ꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ (-ntun).


ꦱꦭꦶꦤ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese salin (“change, replacement”), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salin.


ꦏꦼꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ

Borrowed from Malay kencang, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kcəŋ (“stretched, to stretch”). Doublet of ꦏꦼꦚ꧀ꦕꦼꦁ (kenceng).


ꦲꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀

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ꦲꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (ènten)

→ Jambi Malay: (Kota Seberang) entan

Inherited from Old Javanese wĕntĕn, wontĕn, wwantĕn (“there is (are); here is”), wwaya, wwara (“to be there; to be present”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada. Doublet of ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (wènten).


ꦭꦁꦏꦸꦁ

Inherited from Old Javanese laṅkuṅ (“extend; advance; overpower”).


ꦠꦶꦮꦱ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tiwas (“failing, coming to nothing, being a disappointment; broken down, defeated, ruined, dead; failure, unsuccessfulness, shortcoming; breakdown, defeat, ruin, disaster, death”).

inh+

to come to grief, to have an accident, to come off the worse.


ꦒꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦭ꧀

head

ꦒꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦭ꧀ (gondhol)

→ Indonesian: gondol


ꦠꦶꦮꦶꦏꦿꦩ

→ Indonesian: tiwikrama

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">tiwikrama</i>

→ Malay: تيويکراما (tiwikrama)


ꦠꦸꦠꦸꦥ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese tutup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup (“to cover”).
Cognates
Cognate with
Malay tutup, Minangkabau tutuik, Tagalog tutop.


ꦱꦶꦫꦶꦏ꧀

→ Indonesian: sirik

Inherited from Old Javanese sirik (“to make way, to evade, to be afraid of”).

inh+

(dialect) to be avoided, to be abstained


ꦱꦶꦫꦶꦏ꧀

(dialect) to take (collect) the bettor's winnings


ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦃ

→ Indonesian: kumbah

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kumbah</i>

→ Malay: کومبه (kumbah)

Inherited from Old Javanese kumbah (“to wash”).


ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese umbah (“to wash”).


ꦏꦼꦢꦃ

Inherited from Old Javanese kĕdah, kĕdö (“set on; at all costs, by any means; unremittingly, insistently, obstinately, unavoidably”).


ꦏꦸꦢꦸ

→ Indonesian: kudu

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kudu</i>

→ Malay: کودو (kudu)

Inherited from Old Javanese kudu, kĕdö (“set on; at all costs, by any means; unremittingly, insistently, obstinately, unavoidably”).


ꦲꦗ

Inherited from Old Javanese aja (“do not”).


ꦒꦼꦊꦩ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕlĕm (“constantly, often; willing, consenting, pleased”).


ꦉꦗ

Inherited from Old Javanese rĕja (“nice; pretty; handsome; beautiful; attractive; well arranged, well adapted; fitting; harmonious”). Doublet of ꦲꦂꦗ (arja).

inh+

(archaic) to copulate, to have intercourse.


ꦔꦁꦏꦠ꧀

to appoint (as an employee, village head, regent, etc.), to raise in rank


ꦔꦁꦏꦠꦏꦺ

Affixed ꦲꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (angkat) + N- + -ꦲꦏꦺ (-aké).


ꦲꦢꦸ

Inherited from Old Javanese adu (“to stand opposite, to face, to meet”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *adu (“compete, confront in a contest”).


ꦱꦸꦮꦸꦏ꧀

Affixed ꦲꦸꦮꦸꦏ꧀ (uwuk, “cancelled”) + s-.


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦤ꧀

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ꦲꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦤ꧀ (ampun)

Inherited from Old Javanese ampun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampun (“pardon, forgiveness”).


ꦕꦺꦤ꧀ꦛꦁ

→ Indonesian: centang


ꦲꦭꦺꦴꦁ

→ Indonesian: along

Inherited from Old Javanese aluṅ (“shoots, shooting, sprouting, stretching out; flexible, supple”). Doublet of ꦲꦭꦸꦁ (alung).


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦒ꧀

head

ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦒ꧀ (ambeg)


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦏ꧀

ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦏ꧀ (ambek)

→ Indonesian: ambek


ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧ꧀ꦭꦼꦱ꧀

ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧ꧀ꦭꦼꦱ꧀ (ambles)


ꦧꦧꦶꦠ꧀

→ Indonesian: babit


ꦧꦧꦂ

Inherited from Old Javanese babar (“parted, scattered, rent asunder”).


ꦲꦪꦺꦴ

Inherited from Old Javanese ayo, hayo, aywa, haywa (“do not..., let not...”).


ꦱꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴꦂ

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ꦱꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴꦂ (sentor)


ꦠꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦏ꧀

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">tindak</i>

→ Malay: تيندق (tindak)

> Indonesian: tindak (inherited)

Inherited from Old Javanese tindak (“going, proceeding, course, way of going, gait, step, stride”).


ꦱꦶꦏꦫ

Inherited from Old Javanese sikara (“to impose one's will, to insist on having one's own way; to force, to molest, to vex, to trouble”).


ꦱꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴꦃ

head

ꦱꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴꦃ (soroh)


ꦲꦺꦩ꧀ꦧ

ꦲꦺꦩ꧀ꦧ (émba)


ꦮꦏ꧀

Inherited from Old Javanese uwa, uha, ūha (“comprehending; consideration, deliberation, examination; supposition, conclusion, inference”), from Sanskrit ऊह (ūha, “consideration, deliberation, examination”).

der

to act in a rowdy way, to show off and create nuisance.


ꦩꦸꦣꦸꦤ꧀

head

ꦩꦸꦣꦸꦤ꧀ (muḍun)


ꦥꦩꦺꦂ

→ Indonesian: pamer

Unknown, probably from Old Javanese pamer (“to let flow”).