馬

馬 (canonical)
馬 (canonical)
uma (romanization)
頭 (counter)

Horse
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
Tokyo dialect
Tōkai–Tōsan dialects
ja:馬

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.
The initial m sound was apparently emphasized, possibly similar to *mma, becoming then uma or muma, via processes also seen in the word 梅 (ume, mume, “plum”). However, Pellard simply reconstructs Proto-Japonic *uma and treats the mentioned processes as secondary.
The ma sound denoting "horse" is common to a number of languages of central Asia, where horses were first domesticated, which has led some to speculate about a possible cognate root (but no consensus on any kind of relation exists). Compare Manchu ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ (morin, “horse”), Mongolian морь (morʹ, “horse”), Korean 말 (mal, “horse”), Mandarin 馬 /马 (mǎ, “horse”), and Proto-Indo-European *márkos (“horse”) and descendants such as Irish marc (“horse”, archaic) or English mare (“female horse”). More at *márkos.


西

ja-noun

西(シャー) • (shā)

Possibly a corruption of Mandarin 西 (xī, “west”).

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of west wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


青

青 (canonical)
ao (romanization)
awo (romanization)
あを (hiragana historical)

/sawo/ (uncertain, may be compound as opposed to root) → /awo/ → /ao/
From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *awo.
Appears as the latter part in older compounds with an -s- infix or prefix. It is unclear if this leading /s/ is indicative of an earlier form (sawo), or if this was an addition for euphony to avoid vowel clusters, or for other reasons. This /s/ is also seen in 雨(あめ) (ame, “rain”, becoming same in old compounds) and 稲(いね) (ine, “rice”, becoming shine in old compounds).
Given that this /s/ only ever appears interstitially, and given the semantics, this /s/ may be cognate with Korean interfix -ㅅ- (-s-) used to mark possession; compare German -s-.

ja-r

(card games) Short for 青短 (aotan): one of the three hanafuda cards bearing a blue 短冊 (tanzaku, “narrow card used for poetry”); a 役 (yaku) of the three aotan cards, worth 3 points

青短

天正カルタ 天正カルタ#Japanese

(card games) a blue card in 天正カルタ (Tenshō karuta)


一

一 (canonical)
ichi (romanization)
壱 (alternative)
弌 (alternative)
壹 (alternative)
𪩩 (alternative)

Japanese_pitch_accent#Noun ending in 特殊拍+の

/itɨ/ → /it͡sɨ/ → /it͡ɕɨ/
From Middle Chinese 一 (ʔiɪt̚).
Compare modern Hokkien 一 (it).

term relating to the number one:
(card games) an ace


一

Borrowing from Mandarin 一 (yī) in the Qing Dynasty.


ボール

ja-noun

ボール • (bōru)

(baseball) ball (pitch that falls outside the strike zone)


四

ja-pos

四(スー) • (sū)

小四喜

四喜和 (sūshīhō)

大四喜

四喜和 (sūshīhō)


白

白 (canonical)
白 (canonical)
haku (romanization)

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of white dragon tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


南

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of south wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


東

From Mandarin 東 /东 (dōng).
Compare Wu 東 /东 (ton), Hakka 東 /东 (tûng), Min Nan 東 /东 (tong).

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of east wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


北

ja-noun

北(ペー) • (pē)

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of north wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


中

(mahjong) Short for 紅中 (honchun): a red dragon tile

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand combination”) with a meld of red dragon tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


右

From Middle Chinese 右 (MC hjuwX).
The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.


吃

From Mandarin 吃 (chī, literally “to eat”).

(mahjong) a call for an open 順子 (shuntsu, “sequence of three suited tiles”), compare English chow


回

回 (canonical)
kai (romanization)
kwai (romanization)
くわい (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 回 (MC hwoj).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.


婆

Possibly a reduplication of 姥 (uba, “old woman”).


子

子 (canonical)
ko (romanization)
人 (counter)

⟨ko₁⟩ → */kʷo/ → /ko/
From Old Japanese, attested in the Kojiki (712 CE) and the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE), two of the oldest examples of written Japanese.
Cognate with 蚕 (ko, “silkworm”) and possibly 小 (ko, “little”, diminutive prefix).
Possibly cognate with Goguryeo 仇 (*gu), which appears in an ancient place name with an apparent meaning of child.

お子さん: child

when addressing or referring to someone else's

合いの子

child of racial different parent; hybrid organism; something with the qualities of two other things, combination

芋の子

a smaller tuber branching from another potato

(hanafuda, card games, by extension, board games, gambling) person who is dealt cards


山

山 (canonical)
山 (canonical)
yama (romanization)

山に躓かずして垤に躓く

yama ni tsumazukazu shite tetsu ni tsumazuku

From Old Japanese 山 (yama). First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.
Reconstructed as deriving in turn from Proto-Japonic *yama (“mountain; forest”).


役

From Middle Chinese 役 (MC ywek). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

(card games, mahjong) hand, scoring combination


松

松 (canonical)
matsu (romanization)
matu (romanization)
まつ (hiragana historical)

Kojiki
Kyūjitai
Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinjitai
Tōkyō
Ōsaka

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Kojiki of 712 and the Man'yōshū of 759. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *matu.
Various theories exist regarding its ultimate origin:
* Might be a shift from 保つ (tamotsu, “to hold”). However, the accent of 保つ (tamotsu) in the Heian period is HHL, while 松 (matsu) is LH. It can be better derived from 持つ (motsu, “to hold, to carry”), which has LF accent in the Heian period.
* Might be from 待つ (matsu, “to wait”), either from the way that a pine tree must wait for leaves to fall to grow new ones, or from the way that it lasts ten thousand years and preserves its color. The accent of 待つ (matsu) is LF.
* Possibly derived from 全く (mataku, “entirely”), from 全い (matai, “complete”), because it spends its time in the snow for winter. However, the classical term 全し (matasi) is HHF in the Heian period.
* From 睫毛 (matsuge, “eyelashes”), since their leaves represent such. However, it requires deletion of the -ge, and matsuge is certainly from 目 (ma-, “eye”).
* From 真常木 (matonoki, “true eternal tree”), as the pine tree is an evergreen tree.
* From a place name 松のむらたち (MATSU no muratachi), as opposed to muratatsu.
* From 芽厚 (meatsu, literally “bud (that feels) hot”).
* From 纏わる (matsuwaru, “get wrapped around”), as the leaves are around the trunk.
* From 真 (ma-, “true”) + つ (tsu, abbreviation of 約まる (tsuzumaru, “to shrink”)).
* From 間千 (machi, literally “space (of) thousands”).
* A shift from 股 (mata, “crouch”), as the pine tree leaves split into two.

(card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of January


栄

Invented for Japanese mahjong by Rin Mokō 林茂光 from such a call from some regions of China, after he found that the usual call in Mandarin 和 (hú) was problematic for Japanese speakers. He adopted the character 栄 as ateji, but later discovered that the original character for this sound was 攏 (lǒng). Nevertheless, the character 栄 remained and was accepted as standard.

(mahjong) Short for 栄和 (ronhō): a win by picking up an opponent's discarded tile


桂

Abbreviation of 桂馬 (keima), the knight in 将棋 (shōgi, “Japanese chess”).

(shogi) the knight in 将棋 (shōgi, “Japanese chess”)


桐

桐 (canonical)
桐 (canonical)
kiri (romanization)

From Old Japanese. The tree may have been imported from China prior to the Nara period.
The term might be from 切り (kiri, “cutting”), from the way that the tree is quick to send out shoots after being cut.
Some sources also speculate that this might be from some term 木理 (*kiri, “wood grain”) in reference to the desirable grain of this wood. However, 木理 is only attested with the reading mokuri, not kiri; also, the term is not attested until the 1830s, before which the Japanese terms for wood grain were 木目 (mokume, from the mid-1500s) or 木目 (kime, from the 1200s).

(card games) the paulownia suit in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of December


桜

桜 (canonical)
桜 (canonical)
sakura (romanization)

桜切る馬鹿梅切らぬ馬鹿

foolish to prune cherry trees but not to prune plum trees

→ Amis: sakola

→ English: sakura

→ Indonesian: sakura

→ Kavalan: sakula

→ Korean: 사꾸라 (sakkura, “spy”)

→ Kunigami: 桜 (sakūra)

→ Okinawan: 桜 (sakura)

→ Portuguese: sakura

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki, the oldest extant historical record of ancient Japan, compiled in 712 CE.
Originally derived from 咲く (saku, “to bloom, burst open”) + 等 (-ra, nominalizing and pluralizing suffix).

com

(card games) the suit of cherry blossoms in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of March


梅

梅 (canonical)
梅 (canonical)
ume (romanization)

English: ume

Daijisen
Heian period
Kyūjitai
Shinjitai
Tōkyō
ja:松村明
Ōsaka

⟨me₂⟩ → */mːəɨ/ → *⟨mume₂⟩ → ⟨ume₂⟩ → */uməɨ/ → /ume/
From Old Japanese.
Probably ultimately from Middle Chinese 梅 (MC mwoj), with the borrowed me reading gaining a pronounced kind of initial m- sound, perhaps realized as *mme. The phonetic spelling was often rendered as むめ (*mme, mume) from the Heian period, with *mme/mume and ume apparently existing in free variation. The reading eventually settled on うめ (ume). Compare the similar pattern of phonetic shift for 馬 (ma → *mma → muma → uma, “horse”), likely from Middle Chinese 馬 (MC maeX).

(card games) the suit of plum blossoms in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of February


槍

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of 遣る (yaru, “to do, execute → to kill”).

(shogi) common name for the 香車 (kyōsha, “lance”)


槓

(mahjong) Short for 槓子 (kantsu): a set of four identical tiles

(mahjong) a call for such a set (compare English kong):

for a 明槓 (minkan, “open kan”), the player calling should have a 暗刻 (ankō, “closed triplet”) in hand and the current discarded tile is the fourth tile

for a 加槓 (kakan, “added kan”), the player should have an 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) beforehand and the fourth tile must be self-drawn

for an 暗槓 (ankan, “closed kan”), the player calling must simply have all four tiles in hand


歩

(shogi, colloquial) a foot soldier (piece that can move one space forward), erroneously called as the equivalent of the pawn in Western chess


死

/si/ → /ɕi/
Appears to be a conflation of Middle Chinese 死 (MC sijX), with an Old Japanese root that happened to have a similar pronunciation to the Middle Chinese and was probably cognate with 去る (saru, “to go, to go away”). Compare modern Mandarin 死 (sǐ).
In kanji compounds, this would be considered as on'yomi; but on its own, this could be considered as either on'yomi or kun'yomi.

死灰

cold, dead ash; ash remaining after cremation

死界

underworld, world of the dead; blind spot, somewhere out of view

死学

field of study that has no practical use

死菌

dead bacterium or inactive virus used as the basis for a vaccine

死句

plain phrase or line in a poem, containing no implied meaning; ascetic's unsaid word or phrase, due to mental mistake

死蔵

putting something away and never using it

死文

dead law, law that is on the books but never enforced; document that is purely formal and empty of meaning


河

河 (canonical)
河 (canonical)
hō (romanization)

From Chinese 河 (hé). The pronunciation is most similar to Cantonese /hɔː²¹/, although most Japanese mahjong terminology is taken from early 20th Century Mandarin.

(mahjong) river: a player's discard pile


球

球 (canonical)
kyū (romanization)
kiu (romanization)
きう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 毬 /球 (gjuw, “ball, sphere, orb”).


球

いい球


碰

Borrowed from Mandarin 碰 (pèng).
Compare Cantonese 碰 (pung³), Hokkien 碰 (phòng).

(mahjong) a call for a 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) from a discarded tile, compare English pung

双碰

two-side wait pattern, winning tile may form a triplet with one or the other pair


竜

ja-noun

竜(りゅう) • (ryū)

(shogi, colloquial) Short for 竜王 (ryūō): dragon king; a promoted 角行 (kakugyō, “bishop”) that has the moves of both kakugyō and 王将 (ōshō)/玉将 (gyokushō)


粒

Not attested until a text from the Muromachi period with the spelling ツブ (tsubu).
An earlier form 粒 (tsubi) exists, which might have been the predecessor to this word; both must have been ultimately derived from a source cognate to つぶら (tsubura, “the state of being round and small”, obsolete).


菊

菊 (canonical)
菊 (canonical)
kiku (romanization)

(card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of September


萩

萩 (canonical)
萩 (canonical)
hagi (romanization)

(card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of July


藤

藤(ふじ) or 藤(フジ) • (fuji) ^(←ふぢ (fudi) or フヂ (fudi)?)

藤 (canonical)
藤 (canonical)
fuji (romanization)
fudi (romanization)
ふぢ (hiragana historical)
フヂ (hiragana historical)

⟨pudi⟩ → */puⁿdi/ → /ɸud͡ʑi/ → /ɸuʑi/
From Old Japanese 藤 (pudi), from Proto-Japonic *punti.

(card games) the suit of Japanese wisteria in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of April


表

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki

Ultimately from Old Japanese. Cognate with 面 (omote). Derived as a compound of 面 (omo, “face”) + 手 (te, “hand; direction, side”), basically meaning "face-wards; facing side".
The term omote in general is attested since the Nihon Shoki of 720. The 表 spelling for this word is attested from roughly 1000.
Cognate with Okinawan 表 (umuti).

compound

(baseball) first half, top (of an inning)


裏

裏箔: the application of silk as a screen on metal foil

'underground' pornography showing uncensored genitals. Technically illegal in Japan.


褌

→ English: fundoshi

[ɸɯ̟̃ndo̞ɕi]

越中褌

越中褌 えっちゅうふんどし

西洋褌

西洋褌 せいようふんどし

六尺褌

六尺褌 ろくしゃくふんどし

湯文字: a kind of loincloth wrap used while bathing

a similar wrap worn historically by women under a kimono


親

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *əya. Cognate with or derived from Old Japanese verb 老ゆ (oyu, “to become old”, modern 老いる oiru), from the idea of one's elders.
First cited in the Kojiki of 712.

the child doesn't know the parent's heart

親の心子知らず: → the child doesn't know the pain they cause their parents

a parent's bright light is seven bright lights

親の光は七光: → a parent's social standing can be a huge influence on a person as they come into adulthood

(hanafuda, card games, by extension, board games) the dealer, (gambling) the banker


都

→ English: Meaco (“Kyōto”)

→ Latin: Meacum (“Kyōto”)

⟨mi₁yako₁⟩ → */mʲijakʷo/ → /mijako/
From Old Japanese, a compound of 宮(みや) (miya, “imperial palace”) + 処(こ) (ko, “place”).

ja-com

(shogi, colloquial) Short for 都詰め (miyakozume): moving the 王将 (ōshō)/玉将 (gyokushō, “king”) to the center of the board with other pieces close together


金

/kimʉ/ → /kiɴ/
From Middle Chinese 金 (kim). Compare modern Mandarin 金 (jīn), Hokkien 金 (kim).

(shogi) Short for 金将 (kinshō): a gold general


銀

Hokkien language
Middle Chinese language

From Middle Chinese 銀 (MC ngin). Compare modern Hokkien reading gîn.

(shogi) Short for 銀将 (ginshō): a silver general


飛

(shogi) Abbreviation of 飛車 (hisha): a flying chariot piece, with movement corresponding to the rook in Western chess

飛車

(baseball) Short for 飛球 (hikyū): a fly ball


飜

ロン。20符4飜なので、5200です。


駒

Compound of 子(こ) (ko, “child”) + 馬(ま) (ma, “horse”).
See also 子馬(こうま) (kouma).

2013, Habu Yoshiharu: Shōgi-shi o nuri-kaeta otoko [Yoshiharu Habu: The man who changed the face of shogi history], page 88:

A pawn can take a piece that is one step away diagonally.

ポーンは一歩斜めにある駒を取ることができます。

Pōn wa ippo naname ni aru koma o toru koto ga dekimasu.


@ 5 個

@ 1時間で寝る

(slang, gaming) Alternative form of あと (ato, “remaining”)


清一色

[t͡ɕĩɰ̃iːso̞ː]

(mahjong) a winning hand where all the tiles are of the same suit


セ

Initial of セントラル・リーグ


ハート

ja-noun

ハート • (hāto)

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ハート
ja:ハート (シンボル)
ja:松村明

2001 March 10 [1998 December 16], Motohiro Katou, “ミネルヴァの梟(ふくろう) [Owl of Minerva]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], 9th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 102:

The king of hearts is Charles I of England

ハートのＫはイギリスのチャールズ一世

Hāto no kingu wa Igirisu no Chāruzu Issei


打つ

ja-verb

打(う)つ • (utsu) transitive godan (stem 打(う)ち (uchi), past 打(う)った (utta))

打つ (canonical)
utsu (romanization)
打ち (stem)
打った (past)
打た
うた
uta
打ち
うち
uchi
打つ
うつ
utsu
打て
うて
ute
打たれる (passive)
うたれる (passive)
utareru (passive)
打たせる (causative)
打たす (causative)
うたせる (causative)
うたす (causative)
utaseru (causative)
utasu (causative)
打てる (potential)
うてる (potential)
uteru (potential)
打とう (volitional)
うとう (volitional)
utō (volitional)
打たない (negative)
うたない (negative)
utanai (negative)
打たず (continuative negative)
うたず (continuative negative)
utazu (continuative negative)
打ちます (formal)
うちます (formal)
uchimasu (formal)
打った (perfective)
うった (perfective)
utta (perfective)
打って (conjunctive)
うって (conjunctive)
utte (conjunctive)
打てば (conditional hypothetical)
うてば (conditional hypothetical)
uteba (conditional hypothetical)
打た (irrealis stem)
うた (irrealis stem)
uta (irrealis)
打ち (continuative stem)
うち (continuative stem)
uti (continuative)
打つ (stem terminative)
うつ (stem terminative)
utu (terminative)
打つ (attributive stem)
うつ (attributive stem)
utu (attributive)
打て (realis stem)
うて (realis stem)
ute (realis)
打て (imperative stem)
うて (imperative stem)
ute (imperative)
打たず (negative)
うたず (negative)
utazu (negative)
打てど (contrastive)
うてど (contrastive)
utedo (contrastive)
打てば (causative)
うてば (causative)
uteba (causative)
打たば (conditional)
うたば (conditional)
utaba (conditional)
打ちき (past)
うちき (past)
utiki (past)
打ちけり (past)
うちけり (past)
utikeri (past)
打ちつ (perfect)
うちつ (perfect)
utitu (perfect)
打ちぬ (perfect)
うちぬ (perfect)
utinu (perfect)
打てり (continuative perfect)
打ちたり (continuative perfect)
うてり (continuative perfect)
うちたり (continuative perfect)
uteri (continuative perfect)
utitari (continuative perfect)
打たむ (volitional)
うたむ (volitional)
utamu (volitional)

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *utu. Cognate with Miyako 打つぃ (utsï).

ヒットを打つ

ホームランを打つ


なる

なる • (naru) intransitive godan (stem なり (nari), past なった (natta))

naru (romanization)
なり (stem)
なった (past)
なら
nara
なり
nari
なる
naru
なれ
nare
なられる (passive)
narareru (passive)
ならせる (causative)
ならす (causative)
naraseru (causative)
narasu (causative)
なれる (potential)
nareru (potential)
なろう (volitional)
narō (volitional)
ならない (negative)
naranai (negative)
ならず (continuative negative)
narazu (continuative negative)
なります (formal)
narimasu (formal)
なった (perfective)
natta (perfective)
なって (conjunctive)
natte (conjunctive)
なれば (conditional hypothetical)
nareba (conditional hypothetical)
なら (irrealis stem)
nara (irrealis stem)
なり (continuative stem)
nari (continuative stem)
なる (stem terminative)
naru (stem terminative)
なる (attributive stem)
naru (attributive stem)
なれ (realis stem)
nare (realis stem)
なれ (imperative stem)
nare (imperative stem)
ならず (negative)
narazu (negative)
なれど (contrastive)
naredo (contrastive)
なれば (causative)
nareba (causative)
ならば (conditional)
naraba (conditional)
なりき (past)
nariki (past)
なりけり (past)
narikeri (past)
なりつ (perfect)
naritu (perfect)
なりぬ (perfect)
narinu (perfect)
なれり (continuative perfect)
なりたり (continuative perfect)
nareri (continuative perfect)
naritari (continuative perfect)
ならむ (volitional)
naramu (volitional)

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *naru. Related to 生(な)る (naru).


帰る

帰(かえ)る • (kaeru) ^(←かへる (kaferu)?)intransitive godan (stem 帰(かえ)り (kaeri), past 帰(かえ)った (kaetta))

帰る (canonical)
kaeru (romanization)
kaferu (romanization)
帰り (stem)
帰った (past)
帰ら
かえら
kaera
帰り
かえり
kaeri
帰る
かえる
kaeru
帰れ
かえれ
kaere
帰られる (passive)
かえられる (passive)
kaerareru (passive)
帰らせる (causative)
帰らす (causative)
かえらせる (causative)
かえらす (causative)
kaeraseru (causative)
kaerasu (causative)
帰れる (potential)
かえれる (potential)
kaereru (potential)
帰ろう (volitional)
かえろう (volitional)
kaerō (volitional)
帰らない (negative)
かえらない (negative)
kaeranai (negative)
帰らず (continuative negative)
かえらず (continuative negative)
kaerazu (continuative negative)
帰ります (formal)
かえります (formal)
kaerimasu (formal)
帰った (perfective)
かえった (perfective)
kaetta (perfective)
帰って (conjunctive)
かえって (conjunctive)
kaette (conjunctive)
帰れば (conditional hypothetical)
かえれば (conditional hypothetical)
kaereba (conditional hypothetical)
帰ら (irrealis stem)
かへら (irrealis stem)
kafera (irrealis)
帰り (continuative stem)
かへり (continuative stem)
kaferi (continuative)
帰る (stem terminative)
かへる (stem terminative)
kaferu (terminative)
帰る (attributive stem)
かへる (attributive stem)
kaferu (attributive)
帰れ (realis stem)
かへれ (realis stem)
kafere (realis)
帰れ (imperative stem)
かへれ (imperative stem)
kafere (imperative)
帰らず (negative)
かへらず (negative)
kaferazu (negative)
帰れど (contrastive)
かへれど (contrastive)
kaferedo (contrastive)
帰れば (causative)
かへれば (causative)
kafereba (causative)
帰らば (conditional)
かへらば (conditional)
kaferaba (conditional)
帰りき (past)
かへりき (past)
kaferiki (past)
帰りけり (past)
かへりけり (past)
kaferikeri (past)
帰りつ (perfect)
かへりつ (perfect)
kaferitu (perfect)
帰りぬ (perfect)
かへりぬ (perfect)
kaferinu (perfect)
帰れり (continuative perfect)
帰りたり (continuative perfect)
かへれり (continuative perfect)
かへりたり (continuative perfect)
kafereri (continuative perfect)
kaferitari (continuative perfect)
帰らむ (volitional)
かへらむ (volitional)
kaferamu (volitional)

宝の山に入りながら手を空しくして帰る

returning to a mountain of treasure in vain; missed opportunity

takara no yama ni irinagara te o munashikushite kaeru, →

錦衣を着て故郷に帰る

wearing a brocade and going home; promoted and going home

行きは良い良い帰りは恐い

going is easy but returning is hard or scary; no guarantees returning

行き大名の帰り乞食

go as a daimyo, return as a beggar; fruitless waste

落花枝に帰らず

a branch of fallen flowers never return; a parted husband and wife do not return

落花枝に帰らず破鏡再び照らさず

a branch of fallen flowers never return, a broken mirror does not shine again; a parted husband and wife do not return

rakka eda ni kaerazu hakyō futatabi terasazu, →

From Old Japanese [script needed] (kape₁ru), from Proto-Japonic *kaperu.
Cognate with 返る (kaeru, “to return”), by extension of returning to one's home.
Compare 帰す (kaesu, “to send someone home”, transitive).

帰らぬ人

person that never returns; a dead person


平和

平和 (canonical)
平和 (canonical)
pinfu (romanization)
pinhō (romanization)

(mahjong) no points hand: a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) that does not have any of the following: triplets, quads, the player's seat wind, the prevailing wind, or dragons; and the winning tile completes a two-sided wait sequence; worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


大鹿

Probably coined in Japan from Middle Chinese-derived components, as a compound of 大 (dai, “great”) + 鹿 (roku, “stag, male deer”).

compound

(shogi) the great stag, a piece in 大局将棋 (taikyoku shogi, a huge chess variant, played on a 36×36 grid)


パ

Initial of パシフィック・リーグ (Pashifikku Rīgu).

ja-r

^パシフィック・^リーグ


桂馬

桂馬の高上がり

reckless move of a keima → going up to an unsuitable status can lead to a negative outcome

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 桂 (kei, “Chinese cinnamon, laurel”) + 馬 (ma, “horse”). 桂 was originally pronounced くゑい (kwei) from Middle Chinese kwejH.

com

*These 3 abbreviations are only used as a typographical convention. They are pronounced the same as their full names.

(shogi) a cassia or laurelled horse (piece that can move two spaces forward then one space left or right), erroneously called in most literature as the equivalent of the “knight” in Western chess


天下

From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.

(card games) in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)


飛龍

ja-noun

飛(ひ)龍(りゅう) or 飛龍(ひりょう) • (hiryū or hiryō)

飛龍 (canonical)
飛龍 (canonical)
hiryū (romanization)
hiryō (romanization)


歩兵

From an earlier borrowing of Middle Chinese 步兵 (MC buH pjaeng).

(shogi, archaic or colloquial) Synonym of 歩 (fu) or 歩 (ho): a foot soldier (piece that can move one space forward), erroneously called in most literature as the equivalent of the “pawn” in Western chess


歩兵

歩兵 (canonical)
fuhyō (romanization)
fufyau (romanization)
ふひやう (hiragana historical)

/ɸu ɸʲau/ → /ɸuçau/ → /ɸuçɔː/ → /ɸuçoː/
From a much-later or orthographic borrowing from Chinese 步兵 (bùbīng).

obor

歩

(shogi) Synonym of 歩 (fu): a foot soldier (piece that can move one space forward), erroneously called in most literature as the equivalent of the “pawn” in Western chess


太子

(shogi) crown prince (promoted drunk elephant, 醉象/酔象)


飛車

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 飛 (hi, “flight, flying”) + 車 (sha, “vehicle”).

com

(shogi) a flying chariot (piece with movement corresponding to the rook in Western chess)


対局

ja-noun

対(たい)局(きょく) • (taikyoku) ^(←たいきよく (taikyoku)?)

対局 (canonical)
taikyoku (romanization)
たいきよく (hiragana historical)

2002 March 9, Yumi Hotta with Obata, Takeshi, “第(だい)134(ひゃくさんじゅうよん)局(きょく) 楊(ヤン)海(ハイ)の助(じょ)言(げん) [Game 134: Yang Hai’s Advice]”, in ヒカルの碁 [Hikaru’s Go], volume 16 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 80:

楽平！勝ッタヨ

楽平！勝ッタヨ


対局

ja-verb-suru

対(たい)局(きょく)する • (taikyoku suru) ^(←たいきよく (taikyoku)?)suru (stem 対(たい)局(きょく)し (taikyoku shi), past 対(たい)局(きょく)した (taikyoku shita))

対局する (canonical)
taikyoku suru (romanization)
taikyoku (romanization)
対局し (stem)
対局した (past)
対局し
たいきょくし
taikyoku shi
対局する
たいきょくする
taikyoku suru
対局すれ
たいきょくすれ
taikyoku sure
対局せよ (imperative literary)
対局しろ (colloquial imperative)
たいきょくせよ (imperative literary)
たいきょくしろ (colloquial imperative)
taikyoku seyo (imperative literary)
taikyoku shiro (colloquial imperative)
対局される (passive)
たいきょくされる (passive)
taikyoku sareru (passive)
対局させる (causative)
対局さす (causative)
たいきょくさせる (causative)
たいきょくさす (causative)
taikyoku saseru (causative)
taikyoku sasu (causative)
対局できる (potential)
たいきょくできる (potential)
taikyoku dekiru (potential)
対局しよう (volitional)
たいきょくしよう (volitional)
taikyoku shiyō (volitional)
対局しない (negative)
たいきょくしない (negative)
taikyoku shinai (negative)
対局せず (continuative negative)
たいきょくせず (continuative negative)
taikyoku sezu (continuative negative)
対局します (formal)
たいきょくします (formal)
taikyoku shimasu (formal)
対局した (perfective)
たいきょくした (perfective)
taikyoku shita (perfective)
対局して (conjunctive)
たいきょくして (conjunctive)
taikyoku shite (conjunctive)
対局すれば (conditional hypothetical)
たいきょくすれば (conditional hypothetical)
taikyoku sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(go, shogi, xiangqi, chess) to play a game


数独

English: sudoku

Danish: sudoku c

Russian: судо́ку n (sudóku)

Shortening of 数字は独身に限る (sūji wa dokushin ni kagiru, “numbers are restricted to being alone”).


ダイヤ

ja:ダイヤ
ja:ダイヤ (シンボル)

2001 March 10 [1998 December 16], Motohiro Katou, “ミネルヴァの梟(ふくろう) [Owl of Minerva]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], 9th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 103:

Therefore the king of diamonds at the crime scene represents Julius Caesar

そして現場にあったダイヤのＫ これはジュリアスシーザーを表しているのです

Soshite genba ni atta daiya no kingu kore wa Juriasu Shīzā o arawashiteiru no desu


王将

ja-noun

王(おう)将(しょう) • (ōshō) ^(←わうしやう (wausyau)?)

王将 (canonical)
ōshō (romanization)
wausyau (romanization)
わうしやう (hiragana historical)

Compound of 王 (ō, “king”) + 将 (shō, “general”).

(shogi) a king-general (one of two pieces with movement corresponding to the king in Western chess; for the stronger or higher-ranked player who makes the second move)

(shogi) one of the eight major titles of professional shogi, conferred to the winner of an 王将戦 (ōshō-sen, “king match”)


玉将

玉(ぎょく)将(しょう) • (gyokushō) ^(←ぎよくしやう (gyokusyau)?)

玉将 (canonical)
gyokushō (romanization)
gyokusyau (romanization)
ぎよくしやう (hiragana historical)

[ɡʲo̞kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

Compound of 玉 (gyoku, “jewel”) + 将 (shō, “general”).

(shogi) a jeweled general (one of two pieces with movement corresponding to the king in Western chess; for the challenger or lower-ranked player who makes the first move)


金将

金(きん)将(しょう) • (kinshō) ^(←きんしやう (kinsyau)?)

金将 (canonical)
kinshō (romanization)
kinsyau (romanization)
きんしやう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 金 (kin, “gold”) + 将 (shō, “commander, general”).

com

(shogi) a gold general (piece that can move one space orthogonally or forward diagonally)


銀将

ja-noun

銀(ぎん)将(しょう) • (ginshō) ^(←ぎんしやう (ginsyau)?)

銀将 (canonical)
ginshō (romanization)
ginsyau (romanization)
ぎんしやう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 銀 (gin, “silver”) + 将 (shō, “commander, general”).

com

(shogi) a silver general (piece that can move one step diagonally or forward)


香車

ja-noun

香(きょう)車(しゃ) • (kyōsha) ^(←きやうしや (kyausya)?)

香車 (canonical)
kyōsha (romanization)
kyausya (romanization)
きやうしや (hiragana historical)

/kʲau ɕʲa/ → /kʲɔːɕa/ → /kʲoːɕa/
From Middle Chinese-derived elements 香 (kyō, “incense”) + 車 (sha, “vehicle”).

(shogi) an incense chariot (piece that can move any number of free spaces forward)


角行

角(かく)行(ぎょう) • (kakugyō) ^(←かくぎやう (kakugyau)?)

角行 (canonical)
kakugyō (romanization)
kakugyau (romanization)
かくぎやう (hiragana historical)

[ka̠kɯ̟ɡʲo̞ː]

/kakʉ ɡʲau/ → /kakuɡʲɔː/ → /kakuɡʲoː/
From Middle Chinese-derived elements 角 (kaku, “angle”) + 行 (gyō, “going, moving”).

com

(shogi) an angle-mover (piece with movement corresponding to the bishop in Western chess)


角行

ja-noun

角(かく)行(こう) • (kakukō) ^(←かくかう (kakukau)?)

角行 (canonical)
kakukō (romanization)
kakukau (romanization)
かくかう (hiragana historical)

/kakʉ kau/ → /kakukɔː/ → /kakukoː/
From Middle Chinese-derived elements 角 (kaku, “angle”) + 行 (kō, “going, moving”).

com

(shogi, colloquial) an angle-mover (piece with movement corresponding to the bishop in Western chess)


角行

ja-noun

角(かっ)行(こう) • (kakkō) ^(←かくかう (kakukau)?)

角行 (canonical)
kakkō (romanization)
kakukau (romanization)
かくかう (hiragana historical)

/kakʉ kau/ → /kak̚kau/ → /kak̚kɔː/ → /kak̚koː/
Shift from kakukō above.


先手

Moving first; the initiative; having the initiative.

(board games, go, shogi, etc.) the player who moves first

(board games, go, shogi, etc.) a move forcing the opponent to respond; a move with tempo


王手

(shogi, chess) check (move threatening the king, or announcement of this threat)


トランプ

[to̞ɾã̠mpɯ̟]

トランプをする

トランプを配る

トランプを切る

トランプで勝つ

トランプで負ける

トランプを伏せる

(card games) (a pack or deck of) playing cards


花札

Compound of 花 (hana, “flower”) + 札 (fuda, “card”).

(card games) hanafuda, literally “flower cards”, 48 card deck used to play card games of Japanese origin

脱衣花札

脱衣花札 だついはなふだ


穴熊

穴熊 (canonical)
穴熊 (canonical)
anaguma (romanization)

Compound of 穴 (ana, “hole”) + 熊 (kuma, “bear”). The kuma changes to guma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

(shogi) a shogi castle that locates the king at the corner of the board and fills all surrounding squares with defending pieces


キング

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:キング
ja:キング (チェス)
ja:キング (トランプ)
ja:松村明

For example, the king of spades is King David of Israel

例えばスペードのＫはイスラエルのダビデ王

Tatoeba supēdo no kingu wa Isuraeru no Dabide Ō


ビショップ

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:松村明


ルーク

ルーク • (rūku)


クイーン

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:クイーン
ja:クイーン (チェス)
ja:クイーン (トランプ)
ja:松村明

クイーン • (kuīn)

赤(あか)菱(びし)さんのカードは８(はち)とＪ(ジャック)のツーペア‥‥三(みつ)矢(や)さんはＡ(エース)のスリーカード 雲(くも)間(ま)さんはＱ(クイーン)のワンペア 緑川さんは役なし(ブタ)‥‥

2000 July 7 [2000 May 17], Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya, “FILE(ファイル) 1(いち) 殺(さつ)人(じん)ポーカー Unlucky Men in the Rain 〈問(もん)題(だい)編(へん)〉 [FILE 1: Murderous Poker: Unlucky Men in the Rain ‹Problem›]”, in 明智警視の優雅なる事件簿 [Superintendent Akechi Elegant Case Files], 3rd edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:

Akabishi-san’s hand would have a two pair, eights and jacks‥‥ Mitsuya-san’s a three of a kind, aces. Kumoma-san’s a one pair, queens. Midorikawa-san’s a high card‥‥

Akabishi-san no kādo wa hachi to jakku no tsū pea‥‥ Mitsuya-san wa ēsu no surī kādo Kumoma-san wa kuīn no wan pea Midorikawa-san wa buta‥‥


スペード

ja:スペード
ja:スペード (シンボル)

例えばスペードのＫはイスラエルのダビデ王

Tatoeba supēdo no kingu wa Isuraeru no Dabide-ō


エース

ja:エース (トランプ)

(card games) an ace (card with a single spot)

(gambling) an ace (die face with a single spot)

(baseball) an ace (best pitcher on the team)


手抜き

手 (te, “hand”) + 抜き (nuki, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 抜(ぬ)く (nuku, “omit, skip”))

com

(go, shogi) playing elsewhere; ignoring the opponent's last move


ピッチャー

ja-noun

ピッチャー • (pitchā)

[pʲi̥t̚t͡ɕa̠ː]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 投手 (tōshu, “pitcher”)


キャッチャー

キャッチャー • (kyatchā)

[kʲa̠t̚t͡ɕa̠ː]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 捕手 (hoshu, “catcher”)


一塁手

一塁手 (canonical)
ichiruishu (romanization)

[it͡ɕiɾɯ̟iɕɨ]

一塁(いちるい) (ichirui, “first base”) + 手(しゅ) (-shu, “-man; -woman; -er”).

ja-compound

(baseball, softball) a first baseperson; a first baseman; a first basewoman


ファースト

ja-noun

ファースト • (fāsuto)

[ɸa̠ːsɨ̥to̞]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 一塁 (ichirui, “first base”)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 一塁手 (ichiruishu, “first baseman”)


二塁手

二塁(にるい) (nirui, “second base”) + 手(しゅ) (-shu, “-man; -woman; -er”).

ja-compound

(baseball, softball) a second baseperson; a second baseman; a second basewoman


セカンド

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 二塁 (nirui, “second base”)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 二塁手 (niruishu, “second baseman”)


指す

ja-verb

指(さ)す • (sasu) transitive godan (stem 指(さ)し (sashi), past 指(さ)した (sashita))

指す (canonical)
sasu (romanization)
指し (stem)
指した (past)
指さ
ささ
sasa
指し
さし
sashi
指す
さす
sasu
指せ
させ
sase
指される (passive)
さされる (passive)
sasareru (passive)
指させる (causative)
指さす (causative)
ささせる (causative)
ささす (causative)
sasaseru (causative)
sasasu (causative)
指せる (potential)
させる (potential)
saseru (potential)
指そう (volitional)
さそう (volitional)
sasō (volitional)
指さない (negative)
ささない (negative)
sasanai (negative)
指さず (continuative negative)
ささず (continuative negative)
sasazu (continuative negative)
指します (formal)
さします (formal)
sashimasu (formal)
指した (perfective)
さした (perfective)
sashita (perfective)
指して (conjunctive)
さして (conjunctive)
sashite (conjunctive)
指せば (conditional hypothetical)
させば (conditional hypothetical)
saseba (conditional hypothetical)
指さ (irrealis stem)
ささ (irrealis stem)
sasa (irrealis)
指し (continuative stem)
さし (continuative stem)
sasi (continuative)
指す (stem terminative)
さす (stem terminative)
sasu (terminative)
指す (attributive stem)
さす (attributive stem)
sasu (attributive)
指せ (realis stem)
させ (realis stem)
sase (realis)
指せ (imperative stem)
させ (imperative stem)
sase (imperative)
指さず (negative)
ささず (negative)
sasazu (negative)
指せど (contrastive)
させど (contrastive)
sasedo (contrastive)
指せば (causative)
させば (causative)
saseba (causative)
指さば (conditional)
ささば (conditional)
sasaba (conditional)
指しき (past)
さしき (past)
sasiki (past)
指しけり (past)
さしけり (past)
sasikeri (past)
指しつ (perfect)
さしつ (perfect)
sasitu (perfect)
指しぬ (perfect)
さしぬ (perfect)
sasinu (perfect)
指せり (continuative perfect)
指したり (continuative perfect)
させり (continuative perfect)
さしたり (continuative perfect)
saseri (continuative perfect)
sasitari (continuative perfect)
指さむ (volitional)
ささむ (volitional)
sasamu (volitional)

(shogi, chess) play (the game or a move); move (a piece); make (a move)


戦争

戦争 (canonical)
sensō (romanization)
sensau (romanization)
せんさう (hiragana historical)

ja:戦争
ja:戦争 (トランプゲーム)


アベックホームラン

From French avec (“with; accompanying”) + English home run.


金銀

金銀風花

金銀風花 きんぎんふうか


白板

Borrowed from Mandarin 白板 (báibǎn, “whiteboard, white tile”).

bor

(mahjong) The white dragon playing-tile, especially as depicted without any markings.


竜馬

From Middle Chinese 龍馬 (MC ljowng maeX, literally “dragon horse”).

ltc-l

(shogi) a promoted 角行 (kakugyō, “angle-mover”), having a move corresponding to both bishop and king in Western chess


竜馬

(shogi, colloquial) a promoted 角行 (kakugyō, “angle-mover”), having a move corresponding to both bishop and king in Western chess


横行

ja-noun

横(おう)行(ぎょう) • (ōgyō) ^(←わうぎやう (waugyau)?)

横行 (canonical)
ōgyō (romanization)
waugyau (romanization)
わうぎやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) side mover (piece used in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


賽子

賽子 (canonical)
賽子 (canonical)
saikoro (romanization)

Unknown. Probably from 采 (sai) + 転 (koro). The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).

1999 November 18, “ダイス・アルマジロ [Dice Armadillo]”, in Vol.6, Konami:

An armadillo that looks like a die when it curls up.

体を丸めると、サイコロのような形になるアルマジロ。

Karada o marumeru to, saikoro no yō na katachi ni naru arumajiro.

2015 January 10, “悪(あく)魔(ま)のサイコロ [Demon’s Die]”, in 決闘者の栄光 －記憶の断片－ side：武藤遊戯 [Duelist Road －Piece of Memory－ side: Mutō Yūgi], Konami:

①: Roll a die once. Until the end of this turn, the attack and defense strength of the monsters on your opponent’s field decreases by the result × 100.

①：サイコロを１回振る。相手フィールドのモンスターの攻撃力・守備力は、ターン終了時まで出た目の数×１００ダウンする。

数×１００ かず×１００

Ichi: Saikoro o ikkai furu. Aite fīrudo no monsutā no kōgekiryoku shubiryoku wa, tān shūryōji made deta me no kazu × hyaku daun suru.

2015 January 10, “天(てん)使(し)のサイコロ [Angel’s Die]”, in 決闘者の栄光 －記憶の断片－ side：武藤遊戯 [Duelist Road －Piece of Memory－ side: Mutō Yūgi], Konami:

①: Roll a die once. Until the end of this turn, the attack and defense strength of the monsters on your field increases by the result × 100.

①：サイコロを１回振る。自分フィールドのモンスターの攻撃力・守備力は、ターン終了時まで出た目の数×１００アップする。

数×１００ かず×１００

Ichi: Saikoro o ikkai furu. Jibun fīrudo no monsutā no kōgekiryoku shubiryoku wa, tān shūryōji made deta me no kazu × hyaku appu suru.


オーバー

オーバー • (ōbā)

(baseball) ball hit over the head of an outfielder


牡丹

牡丹 (canonical)
牡丹 (canonical)
botan (romanization)

立てば芍薬座れば牡丹歩く姿は百合の花

tateba shakuyaku suwareba botan aruku sugata wa yuri no hana

(card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of June


フォワード

フォワード • (fowādo)


ホームラン

[ho̞ːmɯ̟ ɾã̠ɴ]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 本塁打 (honruida, “home run”)


本塁打

[hõ̞n̺ɾɯ̟ida̠]

本塁 (honrui, “home base”) + 打 (da, “hit”)


鳳凰

鳳凰 (canonical)
hōō (romanization)
fouwau (romanization)
ほうわう (hiragana historical)

Daijisen
Fenghuang
Peng (mythology)
Vermilion Bird
ja:松村明
ja:鳳凰
ja:鳳凰 (曖昧さ回避)

/pouwau/ → /ɸoːwɔː/ → /hoːɔː/ → /hoːoː/
Borrowing from Chinese 鳳凰 /凤凰 (fènghuáng, literally “male fire-bird + female fire-bird”), date of borrowing unknown.

bor

(shogi) phoenix: a piece in 中将棋 (chū-shōgi) and larger shogi variants


三塁手

三塁手 (canonical)
sanruishu (romanization)

[sã̠n̺ɾɯ̟iɕɨ]

三塁(さんるい) (sanrui, “third base”) + 手(しゅ) (-shu, “-man; -woman; -er”)

ja-compound

(baseball, softball) a third baseperson; a third baseman; a third basewoman


遊撃手

ja-noun

遊(ゆう)撃(げき)手(しゅ) • (yūgekishu) ^(←いうげきしゆ (iugekisyu)?)

遊撃手 (canonical)
yūgekishu (romanization)
iugekisyu (romanization)
いうげきしゆ (hiragana historical)

[jɯ̟ːɡe̞kʲi̥ɕɨ]


ライト

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:ライト
ja:松村明

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 右翼 (uyoku, “right field”)

2004 February 9, Suzuki, Shinya, “104(ひゃくよん)発(はつ)目(め) 荒野(グラウンド)の暴(ぼう)走(そう)馬(ば) [104th Hit: The Rampaging Horse of the Ground]”, in [Mr.](ミスター) [FULLSWING](フルスイング) [Mr. Fullswing], volume 12 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

４番 ライト 牛尾くん

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 右翼手 (uyokushu, “right fielder”)


刺す

ja-verb

刺(さ)す • (sasu) transitive godan (stem 刺(さ)し (sashi), past 刺(さ)した (sashita))

刺す (canonical)
sasu (romanization)
刺し (stem)
刺した (past)
刺さ
ささ
sasa
刺し
さし
sashi
刺す
さす
sasu
刺せ
させ
sase
刺される (passive)
さされる (passive)
sasareru (passive)
刺させる (causative)
刺さす (causative)
ささせる (causative)
ささす (causative)
sasaseru (causative)
sasasu (causative)
刺せる (potential)
させる (potential)
saseru (potential)
刺そう (volitional)
さそう (volitional)
sasō (volitional)
刺さない (negative)
ささない (negative)
sasanai (negative)
刺さず (continuative negative)
ささず (continuative negative)
sasazu (continuative negative)
刺します (formal)
さします (formal)
sashimasu (formal)
刺した (perfective)
さした (perfective)
sashita (perfective)
刺して (conjunctive)
さして (conjunctive)
sashite (conjunctive)
刺せば (conditional hypothetical)
させば (conditional hypothetical)
saseba (conditional hypothetical)
刺さ (irrealis stem)
ささ (irrealis stem)
sasa (irrealis)
刺し (continuative stem)
さし (continuative stem)
sasi (continuative)
刺す (stem terminative)
さす (stem terminative)
sasu (terminative)
刺す (attributive stem)
さす (attributive stem)
sasu (attributive)
刺せ (realis stem)
させ (realis stem)
sase (realis)
刺せ (imperative stem)
させ (imperative stem)
sase (imperative)
刺さず (negative)
ささず (negative)
sasazu (negative)
刺せど (contrastive)
させど (contrastive)
sasedo (contrastive)
刺せば (causative)
させば (causative)
saseba (causative)
刺さば (conditional)
ささば (conditional)
sasaba (conditional)
刺しき (past)
さしき (past)
sasiki (past)
刺しけり (past)
さしけり (past)
sasikeri (past)
刺しつ (perfect)
さしつ (perfect)
sasitu (perfect)
刺しぬ (perfect)
さしぬ (perfect)
sasinu (perfect)
刺せり (continuative perfect)
刺したり (continuative perfect)
させり (continuative perfect)
さしたり (continuative perfect)
saseri (continuative perfect)
sasitari (continuative perfect)
刺さむ (volitional)
ささむ (volitional)
sasamu (volitional)

Cognates
指(さ)す (sasu)
挿(さ)す (sasu)
差(さ)す (sasu)
射(さ)す (sasu)
注(さ)す (sasu)
点(さ)す (sasu)
鎖(さ)す (sasu).

col

Cognates


ハメ手

ハメ hame from 嵌める (hameru, “draw into; entrap”), and 手 (te, “move”).

(go, shogi) a joseki trap; a bad move intended to trick the opponent into entering a known bad sequence


定跡

(shogi, chess) A studied and standardized sequence of moves; joseki.


天王山

(shogi) The square at the center of the board.


駒台

(shogi) piece stand, for holding captured pieces


成桂

From 成り (nari, the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 成る (naru), “to promote (at an opponent’s square)”) + 桂 (kei, abbreviated from 桂馬 (keima), “cassia horse → laurelled horse”).

com

abbreviated from <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">桂馬</i> (keima), “cassia horse → laurelled horse”

(shogi) a promoted cassia horse, with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)


ジョーカー

ja-noun

ジョーカー • (jōkā)

[d͡ʑo̞ːka̠ː]

ja:ジョーカー
ja:ジョーカー (トランプ)


ジャック

ja:ジャック
ja:ジャック (トランプ)

[d͡ʑa̠k̚kɯ̟]

2000 July 7 [2000 May 17], Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya, “FILE 1 殺(さつ)人(じん)ポーカー Unlucky Men in the Rain 〈問(もん)題(だい)編(へん)〉 [FILE 1: Murderous Poker: Unlucky Men in the Rain ‹Problem›]”, in 明智警視の優雅なる事件簿 [Superintendent Akechi Elegant Case Files], 3rd edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:


詰める

ja-verb

詰(つ)める • (tsumeru) ichidan (stem 詰(つ)め (tsume), past 詰(つ)めた (tsumeta))

詰める (canonical)
tsumeru (romanization)
詰め (stem)
詰めた (past)
詰め
つめ
tsume
詰める
つめる
tsumeru
詰めれ
つめれ
tsumere
詰めよ (imperative literary)
詰めろ (colloquial imperative)
つめよ (imperative literary)
つめろ (colloquial imperative)
tsumeyo (imperative literary)
tsumero (colloquial imperative)
詰められる (passive)
つめられる (passive)
tsumerareru (passive)
詰めさせる (causative)
詰めさす (causative)
つめさせる (causative)
つめさす (causative)
tsumesaseru (causative)
tsumesasu (causative)
詰められる (potential)
詰めれる (colloquial potential)
つめられる (potential)
つめれる (colloquial potential)
tsumerareru (potential)
tsumereru (colloquial potential)
詰めよう (volitional)
つめよう (volitional)
tsumeyō (volitional)
詰めない (negative)
詰めぬ (negative)
詰めん (negative)
つめない (negative)
つめぬ (negative)
つめん (negative)
tsumenai (negative)
tsumenu (negative)
tsumen (negative)
詰めず (continuative negative)
つめず (continuative negative)
tsumezu (continuative negative)
詰めます (formal)
つめます (formal)
tsumemasu (formal)
詰めた (perfective)
つめた (perfective)
tsumeta (perfective)
詰めて (conjunctive)
つめて (conjunctive)
tsumete (conjunctive)
詰めれば (conditional hypothetical)
つめれば (conditional hypothetical)
tsumereba (conditional hypothetical)

[t͡sɨme̞ɾɯ̟]


一万

ja-noun

一(イイ)万(ワン) or 一万(イーワン) • (īwan)

一万 (canonical)
一万 (canonical)
īwan (romanization)

Borrowed from Mandarin 一萬 /一万 (yīwàn) during the Qing dynasty.

(mahjong) Alternative spelling of 一萬 (“the tile of 1 wan”)


一万

一(イイ)万(マン) or 一万(イーマン) • (īman)

一万 (canonical)
一万 (canonical)
īman (romanization)


サヨナラホームラン

(baseball) walk-off home run (the home run at the end of the 9th innings, which wins the game)


投球

投(とう)球(きゅう) • (tōkyū)


投球

ja-verb-suru

投(とう)球(きゅう)する • (tōkyū suru) suru (stem 投(とう)球(きゅう)し (tōkyū shi), past 投(とう)球(きゅう)した (tōkyū shita))

投球する (canonical)
tōkyū suru (romanization)
投球し (stem)
投球した (past)

(baseball) to pitch (throw the ball toward home plate)


センター

ja-noun

センター • (sentā)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:センター
ja:松村明

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 中堅手 (chūkenshu, “center fielder”)


サード

サード • (sādo)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 三塁 (sanrui, “third base”)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 三塁手 (sanruishu, “third baseman”)


右翼手

右翼 (uyoku, “right wing”) + 手 (-shu, “-er”)


中堅手

中堅手 (canonical)
chūkenshu (romanization)

[t͡ɕɨːkẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨ]

中堅 (chūken, “center field”) + 手 (-shu, “-er”)


左翼手

左翼手 (canonical)
sayokushu (romanization)

左翼 (sayoku, “left wing”) + 手 (-shu, “-er”)


レフト

[ɾe̞ɸɯ̟̊to̞]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 左翼手 (sayokushu, “left fielder”)


竜王

ja-noun

竜(りゅう)王(おう) • (ryūō) ^(←りゆうわう (ryuuwau)?)

竜王 (canonical)
ryūō (romanization)
ryuuwau (romanization)
りゆうわう (hiragana historical)

/rʲuː wau/ → /rʲuːwɔː/ → /rʲuːɔː/ → /ɾʲɯᵝːoː/
From Middle Chinese 龍王 (MC ljowng hjwang).

(shogi) a promoted 飛車 (hisha, “flying chariot”), having a move corresponding to both rook and king in Western chess

(shogi) one of the eight major titles of professional shogi, conferred to the winner of a 竜王戦 (ryūō-sen, “dragon king match”)


必死

From 必 (hitsu, “necessary”) + 死 (shi, “death”).


対面

zh-m

對面／对面 (duìmiàn)


紅葉

ja-noun

紅葉(もみじ) or 紅葉(モミジ) • (momiji) ^(←もみぢ (momidi) or モミヂ (momidi)?)

紅葉 (canonical)
紅葉 (canonical)
momiji (romanization)
momidi (romanization)
もみぢ (hiragana historical)
モミヂ (hiragana historical)

⟨momi₁ti⟩ → */momʲiti/ → /momʲidi/ → /momid͡ʑi/ → /momiʑi/
Shift from Old Japanese 紅葉 (momi₁ti → momichi).
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 紅葉づ (momizu, “to turn, change color; said of leaves”).
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 紅葉 /红叶 (hóngyè), see kōyō below.

紅葉賀

Momiji no Ga, chapter in The Tale of Genji

紅葉の錦

brocade of autumn leaves → brocaded clothes

紅葉のような手

hand like an autumn leaf → pretty hand of a young child

(card games) the suit of autumn leaves (or the Japanese maple) in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of October


巨人

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 巨人 (MC gjoX nyin).
The professional baseball team is an abbreviation of one of its original names, the 東京巨人軍 (Tōkyō Kyojin-gun, “Tokyo Giants”).

読売ジャイアンツ 読売ジャイアンツ#Japanese

(baseball, colloquial) Synonym of 読売ジャイアンツ (Yomiuri Jaiantsu): the Yomiuri Giants


ババ

Specialization of 婆(ばば) (baba, “old woman”).


カックロ

→ English: kakuro

From 加(か)算(さん) (kasan, “addition”) + クロス (kurosu, “cross”), based on English Cross Sums or Cross Addition. Cross Sums appears in English from the 1960s, with Japanese カックロ from the 1980s.


サウンドトラック

(film, gaming, music, television, theater) soundtrack (the sound (especially the music) component of a movie)

(film, gaming, music, television, theater) soundtrack (recording of such music for sale)


ストライク

Borrowed from English strike. Doublet of ストライキ.


クラブ

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:クラブ
ja:クラブ (シンボル)
ja:松村明

The king of clubs is Alexander the Great of Macedonia

クラブのＫはマケドニアのアレクサンダー大王

Kurabu no kingu wa Makedonia no Arekusandā Daiō


風車

風車 (canonical)
kazaguruma (romanization)

[ka̠za̠ɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ma̠]

Clematis patens
Pinwheel (toy)
ja:カザグルマ
ja:風車 (将棋)

Compound of 風 (kaza, “wind”, the older combining form) + 車 (kuruma, “wheel”). The kuruma changes to guruma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


脱衣花札

脱衣花札 (canonical)
datsui hanafuda (romanization)

Compound of 脱衣 (datsui, “removing clothing, undressing, stripping”) + 花札 (hanafuda, “flower cards”, traditional Japanese playing cards).

compound

(card games) strip hanafuda, a Japanese card game similar to strip poker played with hanafuda playing cards, whereby the loser has to remove an item of clothing

脱衣麻雀

脱衣麻雀 だついマージャン


脱衣麻雀

ja-noun

脱衣麻雀(だついマージャン) • (datsui mājan)

脱衣麻雀 (canonical)
datsui mājan (romanization)

Compound of 脱衣 (datsui, “removing clothing, undressing, stripping”) + 麻雀 (mājan, “mahjong”).

compound

(games) strip mahjong, a Japanese tile game based on mahjong, whereby the loser has to remove an item of clothing.

脱衣花札

脱衣花札 だついはなふだ


バッテリー

(baseball, softball) a battery (the catcher and the pitcher together)


プール

ja-noun

プール • (pūru)


フォアボール

[ɸo̞a̠ bo̞ːɾɯ̟]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from four + ball, equivalent to フォア (foa) + ボール (bōru).

pseudo-loan

2007 July 23, Mitsuru Adachi with Buronson, “白い夏 [White Summer]”, in SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム) [SHORT PROGRAM], volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 193:

うるせ！四球でランナー溜めたのはおまえだろ！

Uruse! Foabōru de rannā tameta no wa o-mae daro!

No way! Stocking up runners with walks was your idea!

うるせ！四球でランナー溜めたのはおまえだろ！

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 四球 (shikyū, “walk”)


酔象

酔象 (canonical)
suizō (romanization)
suizau (romanization)
すいざう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) drunken elephant (a piece found in sho shogi, a variation of shogi)


醉象

醉象 (canonical)
suizō (romanization)
suizau (romanization)
すいざう (hiragana historical)


ボウリング

[bo̞ːɾʲĩŋɡɯ̟]


続投

(baseball) continuing to pitch in consecutive innings instead of switching pitchers


続投

ja-verb-suru

続(ぞく)投(とう)する • (zokutō suru) suru (stem 続(ぞく)投(とう)し (zokutō shi), past 続(ぞく)投(とう)した (zokutō shita))

続投する (canonical)
zokutō suru (romanization)
続投し (stem)
続投した (past)
続投し
ぞくとうし
zokutō shi
続投する
ぞくとうする
zokutō suru
続投すれ
ぞくとうすれ
zokutō sure
続投せよ (imperative literary)
続投しろ (colloquial imperative)
ぞくとうせよ (imperative literary)
ぞくとうしろ (colloquial imperative)
zokutō seyo (imperative literary)
zokutō shiro (colloquial imperative)
続投される (passive)
ぞくとうされる (passive)
zokutō sareru (passive)
続投させる (causative)
続投さす (causative)
ぞくとうさせる (causative)
ぞくとうさす (causative)
zokutō saseru (causative)
zokutō sasu (causative)
続投できる (potential)
ぞくとうできる (potential)
zokutō dekiru (potential)
続投しよう (volitional)
ぞくとうしよう (volitional)
zokutō shiyō (volitional)
続投しない (negative)
ぞくとうしない (negative)
zokutō shinai (negative)
続投せず (continuative negative)
ぞくとうせず (continuative negative)
zokutō sezu (continuative negative)
続投します (formal)
ぞくとうします (formal)
zokutō shimasu (formal)
続投した (perfective)
ぞくとうした (perfective)
zokutō shita (perfective)
続投して (conjunctive)
ぞくとうして (conjunctive)
zokutō shite (conjunctive)
続投すれば (conditional hypothetical)
ぞくとうすれば (conditional hypothetical)
zokutō sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(baseball) to continue to pitch in consecutive innings instead of switching pitchers


便所

[bẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞]

Appears to be a coinage in Japanese from Middle Chinese-derived roots, as a compound of 便 (ben, “convenience, ease”, also meaning “bodily waste; bowel movement”) + 所 (sho, “place”). The sho changes to jo as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Compare English expressions seat of ease, house of ease, also pooper, shitter.
First cited in works from the late 1400s.

compound

(gambling slang) a pachinko machine one can use leftover balls on.


菖蒲

菖蒲 (canonical)
菖蒲 (canonical)
ayame (romanization)

Shift in meaning from 漢女 (ayame), a compound of 漢 (aya, “Chinese”, appears in ancient clan names referring to very early Chinese immigrants to Japan) + 女 (me, “woman”), in reference to the earliest producers of textiles as a metaphor for the colorful patterns of the flowers.

(card games) in hanafuda, the card representing the month of May


菖蒲

ja-noun

菖(しょう)蒲(ぶ) or 菖蒲(ショウブ) • (shōbu) ^(←しやうぶ (syaubu)?)

菖蒲 (canonical)
菖蒲 (canonical)
shōbu (romanization)
syaubu (romanization)
しやうぶ (hiragana historical)

/ɕaubu/ → /ɕɔːbu/ → /ɕoːbu/
From Middle Chinese 菖蒲 (MC tsyhang bu, literally “iris + bulrush, cattail; vine”).


賭ける

ja-verb

賭(か)ける • (kakeru) transitive ichidan (stem 賭(か)け (kake), past 賭(か)けた (kaketa))

賭ける (canonical)
kakeru (romanization)
賭け (stem)
賭けた (past)
賭け
かけ
kake
賭ける
かける
kakeru
賭けれ
かけれ
kakere
賭けよ (imperative literary)
賭けろ (colloquial imperative)
かけよ (imperative literary)
かけろ (colloquial imperative)
kakeyo (imperative literary)
kakero (colloquial imperative)
賭けられる (passive)
かけられる (passive)
kakerareru (passive)
賭けさせる (causative)
賭けさす (causative)
かけさせる (causative)
かけさす (causative)
kakesaseru (causative)
kakesasu (causative)
賭けられる (potential)
賭けれる (colloquial potential)
かけられる (potential)
かけれる (colloquial potential)
kakerareru (potential)
kakereru (colloquial potential)
賭けよう (volitional)
かけよう (volitional)
kakeyō (volitional)
賭けない (negative)
賭けぬ (negative)
賭けん (negative)
かけない (negative)
かけぬ (negative)
かけん (negative)
kakenai (negative)
kakenu (negative)
kaken (negative)
賭けず (continuative negative)
かけず (continuative negative)
kakezu (continuative negative)
賭けます (formal)
かけます (formal)
kakemasu (formal)
賭けた (perfective)
かけた (perfective)
kaketa (perfective)
賭けて (conjunctive)
かけて (conjunctive)
kakete (conjunctive)
賭ければ (conditional hypothetical)
かければ (conditional hypothetical)
kakereba (conditional hypothetical)
賭け (irrealis stem)
かけ (irrealis stem)
kake (irrealis)
賭け (continuative stem)
かけ (continuative stem)
kake (continuative)
賭く (stem terminative)
かく (stem terminative)
kaku (terminative)
賭くる (attributive stem)
かくる (attributive stem)
kakuru (attributive)
賭くれ (realis stem)
かくれ (realis stem)
kakure (realis)
賭けよ (imperative stem)
かけよ (imperative stem)
kakeyo (imperative)
賭けず (negative)
かけず (negative)
kakezu (negative)
賭くれど (contrastive)
かくれど (contrastive)
kakuredo (contrastive)
賭くれば (causative)
かくれば (causative)
kakureba (causative)
賭けば (conditional)
かけば (conditional)
kakeba (conditional)
賭けき (past)
かけき (past)
kakeki (past)
賭けけり (past)
かけけり (past)
kakekeri (past)
賭けつ (perfect)
かけつ (perfect)
kaketu (perfect)
賭けぬ (perfect)
かけぬ (perfect)
kakenu (perfect)
賭けたり (continuative perfect)
かけたり (continuative perfect)
kaketari (continuative perfect)
賭けむ (volitional)
かけむ (volitional)
kakemu (volitional)

Derived from 掛(か)ける (kakeru, “to hang; to manipulate; to spend, invest”).


詰まる

ja-verb

詰(つ)まる • (tsumaru) intransitive godan (stem 詰(つ)まり (tsumari), past 詰(つ)まった (tsumatta))

詰まる (canonical)
tsumaru (romanization)
詰まり (stem)
詰まった (past)
詰まら
つまら
tsumara
詰まり
つまり
tsumari
詰まる
つまる
tsumaru
詰まれ
つまれ
tsumare
詰まられる (passive)
つまられる (passive)
tsumarareru (passive)
詰まらせる (causative)
詰まらす (causative)
つまらせる (causative)
つまらす (causative)
tsumaraseru (causative)
tsumarasu (causative)
詰まれる (potential)
つまれる (potential)
tsumareru (potential)
詰まろう (volitional)
つまろう (volitional)
tsumarō (volitional)
詰まらない (negative)
つまらない (negative)
tsumaranai (negative)
詰まらず (continuative negative)
つまらず (continuative negative)
tsumarazu (continuative negative)
詰まります (formal)
つまります (formal)
tsumarimasu (formal)
詰まった (perfective)
つまった (perfective)
tsumatta (perfective)
詰まって (conjunctive)
つまって (conjunctive)
tsumatte (conjunctive)
詰まれば (conditional hypothetical)
つまれば (conditional hypothetical)
tsumareba (conditional hypothetical)
詰まら (irrealis stem)
つまら (irrealis stem)
tumara (irrealis)
詰まり (continuative stem)
つまり (continuative stem)
tumari (continuative)
詰まる (stem terminative)
つまる (stem terminative)
tumaru (terminative)
詰まる (attributive stem)
つまる (attributive stem)
tumaru (attributive)
詰まれ (realis stem)
つまれ (realis stem)
tumare (realis)
詰まれ (imperative stem)
つまれ (imperative stem)
tumare (imperative)
詰まらず (negative)
つまらず (negative)
tumarazu (negative)
詰まれど (contrastive)
つまれど (contrastive)
tumaredo (contrastive)
詰まれば (causative)
つまれば (causative)
tumareba (causative)
詰まらば (conditional)
つまらば (conditional)
tumaraba (conditional)
詰まりき (past)
つまりき (past)
tumariki (past)
詰まりけり (past)
つまりけり (past)
tumarikeri (past)
詰まりつ (perfect)
つまりつ (perfect)
tumaritu (perfect)
詰まりぬ (perfect)
つまりぬ (perfect)
tumarinu (perfect)
詰まれり (continuative perfect)
詰まりたり (continuative perfect)
つまれり (continuative perfect)
つまりたり (continuative perfect)
tumareri (continuative perfect)
tumaritari (continuative perfect)
詰まらむ (volitional)
つまらむ (volitional)
tumaramu (volitional)

[t͡sɨma̠ɾɯ̟]

2021 September 4, “Yakyū ‘tsumaru’ to wa? [What is ‘tsumaru’ in baseball?]”, in Baseball Future:

The most likely cause of tsumaru is that the [batter’s] timing is off. Swing too soon and you will miss the ball or hit it with the end of the bat. On the other hand, swing too late so the head of the bat doesn’t come around and you can easily experience tsumari.

まず圧倒的に詰まる原因となりやすいのは、タイミングが取れていない場合です。タイミングを早めにとってしまうと、空振りやバットの先端に当たってしまいます。逆にタイミングが遅れてしまうとバットのヘッドが出てくるのも遅れ、詰まりやすくなってしまいます。

Mazu attōteki ni tsumaru gen'in to nari yasui no wa, taimingu ga toreteinai bāi desu. Taimingu o hayame ni totte shimau to, karaburi ya batto no sentan ni atatte shimaimasu. Gyaku ni taimingu ga okurete shimau to batto no heddo ga dete kuru no mo okure, tsumari yasukunatte shimaimasu.

(baseball) hit a pitched ball with the portion of the bat near where the batter grips it


ニコニコ

(mahjong, slang) a 役 (yaku, “hand”) of seven pairs, worth 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


単騎

(mahjong) a 待(ま)ち (machi, “wait”) for a single tile


順子

(mahjong) a run of three connected tiles in a suit (compare English chow)


守護神

守護神 (canonical)
shugoshin (romanization)

Compound of 守護 (shugo, “protection”) + 神 (shin, “god, deity”).


ノーコン

ja-noun

ノーコン • (nōkon)

(baseball) no control, especially of a pitcher over his or her throw


チェンジ

[t͡ɕẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑi]

チェンジコート: a change of court: swapping sides in games such as tennis

(baseball) a change of sides in a baseball game


綱引き

綱引き (canonical)
tsunahiki (romanization)

綱 (tsuna, “rope”) + 引き (hiki, “tugging; pulling”, from 引く (hiku, “to tug; to pull”))

com

from <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">引く</i> (hiku, “to tug; to pull”)


トンネル

[tõ̞nːe̞ɾɯ̟]


フォーク

ja-noun

フォーク • (fōku)

Daijisen
ja:フォーク
ja:フォーク (ソフトウェア開発)
ja:フォーク (ファイルシステム)
ja:フォーク (食器)
ja:松村明

フォークボール フォークボール#Japanese

(baseball) Short for フォークボール (fōkubōru).


セーフ

セーフ • (sēfu)


敬遠

敬遠 (canonical)
keien (romanization)
keiwen (romanization)
けいゑん (hiragana historical)


敬遠

ja-verb-suru

敬(けい)遠(えん)する • (keien suru) ^(←けいゑん (keiwen)?)transitive suru (stem 敬(けい)遠(えん)し (keien shi), past 敬(けい)遠(えん)した (keien shita))

敬遠する (canonical)
keien suru (romanization)
keiwen (romanization)
敬遠し (stem)
敬遠した (past)
敬遠し
けいえんし
keien shi
敬遠する
けいえんする
keien suru
敬遠すれ
けいえんすれ
keien sure
敬遠せよ (imperative literary)
敬遠しろ (colloquial imperative)
けいえんせよ (imperative literary)
けいえんしろ (colloquial imperative)
keien seyo (imperative literary)
keien shiro (colloquial imperative)
敬遠される (passive)
けいえんされる (passive)
keien sareru (passive)
敬遠させる (causative)
敬遠さす (causative)
けいえんさせる (causative)
けいえんさす (causative)
keien saseru (causative)
keien sasu (causative)
敬遠できる (potential)
けいえんできる (potential)
keien dekiru (potential)
敬遠しよう (volitional)
けいえんしよう (volitional)
keien shiyō (volitional)
敬遠しない (negative)
けいえんしない (negative)
keien shinai (negative)
敬遠せず (continuative negative)
けいえんせず (continuative negative)
keien sezu (continuative negative)
敬遠します (formal)
けいえんします (formal)
keien shimasu (formal)
敬遠した (perfective)
けいえんした (perfective)
keien shita (perfective)
敬遠して (conjunctive)
けいえんして (conjunctive)
keien shite (conjunctive)
敬遠すれば (conditional hypothetical)
けいえんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
keien sureba (conditional hypothetical)


ピンぞろ

Compound of ピン (pin, “a "one" in cards or dice”) + ぞろ (zoro, “from stem form soroi of verb 揃う (sorou), 'to match or line up'”).

compound

(gambling, idiomatic) Snake eyes: two ones, after rolling two dice.


ぞろ目

Compound of ぞろ (zoro, cognate with suffix 揃(ぞろ)い (-zoroi, “all of the same kind”)) + 目 (me, “value of a die throw”).

(gambling, idiomatic) doubles: two of the same number other than 1, after rolling two dice

(gambling, idiomatic) in a forecast bet, betting that the same horse wins twice in a row


げんごう

gengō (romanization)
gengau (romanization)
げんがう (hiragana historical)

(criminal slang, gambling) traditional Japanese gambling targeting price movements such as specific stocks and commodity futures


カルタ

カルタ (canonical)
かるた (canonical)
karuta (romanization)

Borrowed from Portuguese carta.
Doublet of カード (kādo, “card”) and カルテ (karute, “patient card”).

doublet

(card games) playing cards, especially Japanese traditional playing cards


コントロール

[kõ̞nto̞ɾo̞ːɾɯ̟]

(sports, baseball) ball control (the ability to throw or otherwise use a ball precisely)


国士無双

ja-noun

国(こく)士(し)無(む)双(そう) • (kokushi musō) ^(←こくしむさう (kokusimusau)?)

国士無双 (canonical)
kokushi musō (romanization)
kokusimusau (romanization)
こくしむさう (hiragana historical)

From the Records of the Grand Historian.
Compound of 国士 (kokushi, “patriot, respectable person”) + 無双 (musō, “matchless, unparalleled”).

国士無双十三面待ち

十三面待 じゅうさんめんま

(mahjong) a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand of all thirteen unique 么九牌 (yaochūpai, “terminals and honours”), plus one more of any of those tiles; the same as "thirteen orphans" in Chinese mahjong


ジャストミート

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from just + meet

pseudo-loan

(baseball) hitting the baseball squarely


ジャストミート

ja-verb-suru

ジャストミートする • (jasuto mīto suru) suru (stem ジャストミートし (jasuto mīto shi), past ジャストミートした (jasuto mīto shita))

ジャストミートする (canonical)
jasuto mīto suru (romanization)
ジャストミートし (stem)
ジャストミートした (past)


アウト

(baseball) out; state in which a batter is removed from play


スクラム

[sɨkɯ̟ɾa̠mɯ̟]


バット

→ Korean: 빠따 (ppatta)


バッター

ja-noun

バッター • (battā)

→ Korean: 빠따 (ppatta)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 打者 (dasha, “batter”)


打率

打率 (canonical)
daritsu (romanization)
daritu (romanization)
だりつ (hiragana historical)

Clipping of 安打率 (andaritsu, “hitting average”).


バント

ja-verb-suru

バントする • (banto suru) suru (stem バントし (banto shi), past バントした (banto shita))

バントする (canonical)
banto suru (romanization)
バントし (stem)
バントした (past)
バントし
banto shi
バントする
banto suru
バントすれ
banto sure
バントせよ (imperative literary)
バントしろ (colloquial imperative)
banto seyo (imperative literary)
banto shiro (colloquial imperative)
バントされる (passive)
banto sareru (passive)
バントさせる (causative)
バントさす (causative)
banto saseru (causative)
banto sasu (causative)
バントできる (potential)
banto dekiru (potential)
バントしよう (volitional)
banto shiyō (volitional)
バントしない (negative)
banto shinai (negative)
バントせず (continuative negative)
banto sezu (continuative negative)
バントします (formal)
banto shimasu (formal)
バントした (perfective)
banto shita (perfective)
バントして (conjunctive)
banto shite (conjunctive)
バントすれば (conditional hypothetical)
banto sureba (conditional hypothetical)


タイムリーヒット

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from timely + hit

pseudo-loan

(baseball) an RBI hit; a hit that causes a run batted in


ベース

ja-noun

ベース • (bēsu)


デッキ

From English deck, with the deck of a ship sense possibly from Dutch dek.

(card games) a deck (pack or set of playing cards)

※デッキ構築には使用できません。

2001 November 7, Kazuki Takahashi, “遊闘(バトル)227(にひゃくにじゅうしち) 昏(くら)き墓(はか)穴(あな) [Battle 227: The Shadow Grave]”, in 遊(ゆう)☆戯(ぎ)☆王(おう) [King of Games], volume 26 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 72:

Isiz… Behold my deck destruction terror… Reveal face-down card, activate Virus Card!! Magic-Removing Bacterial Weapon!!

イシズ…オレのデッキ破壊の恐怖を思い知らせてやる……リバース・カードオープン ウイルスカード発動‼魔法除去細菌兵器‼

Ishizu… Ore no dekki hakai no kyōfu o omoishirasete yaru…… Ribāsu kādo ōpun Uirusu Kādo hatsudō‼ Mahō Jokyo Saikin Heiki‼

2015 January 10, “魔(ま)法(ほう)除(じょ)去(きょ)細(さい)菌(きん)兵(へい)器(き) [Magic-Removing Bacterial Weapon]”, in 決闘者の栄光 －記憶の断片－ side：闇遊戯 [Duelist Road (Piece of Memory) side: Dark Yūgi], Konami:

1: Can be activated by Releasing any number of non-Token monsters on your field. For each Released monster, your opponent chooses a Magic Card from their Deck and sends it to the Graveyard.

①：トークン以外の自分フィールドのモンスターを任意の数だけリリースして発動できる。リリースしたモンスターの数だけ、相手はデッキから魔法カードを選んで墓地へ送る。

Ichi: Tōkun igai no jibun fīrudo no monsutā o nin'i no kazu dake Rirīsu shite hatsudō dekiru. Rirīsu shita monsutā no kazu dake, aite wa Dekki kara Mahō Kādo o erande Bochi e okuru.

2014 July 7, “ゲームを始(はじ)めよう [Getting the Game Started]”, in Magic(マジック): The(ザ) Gathering(ギャザリング) クイック・スタート・ガイド [Magic: The Gathering Quick Start Guide] (non-fiction), Wizards of the Coast, archived from the original on 2019-04-24, page 3:

To start the game, first shuffle your deck, also known as your library.

ゲームを開始するには、まずライブラリーと呼ばれる自分のデッキを切ります。

Gēmu o kaishi suru ni wa, mazu raiburarī to yobareru jibun no dekki o kirimasu.

2016 December 9, “場(ば)所(しょ)の名(な)前(まえ) [Names of the Zones]”, in ポケモンカードゲーム サン＆(アンド)ムーン 遊(あそ)びかた説(せつ)明(めい)書(しょ) [Pokémon Card Game Sun & Moon How-to-Play Guide] (non-fiction), The Pokémon Company, page 12:

Place your deck face down on the “deck zone”.

デッキをウラにして置いて「山札」にします。

Dekki o ura ni shite oite “yamafuda” ni shimasu.

(card games) a deck (set of cards owned by each individual player and from which they draw when playing)


アウトコース

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from out + course


炎上

ja-verb-suru

炎(えん)上(じょう)する • (enjō suru) ^(←えんじやう (enzyau)?)intransitive suru (stem 炎(えん)上(じょう)し (enjō shi), past 炎(えん)上(じょう)した (enjō shita))

炎上する (canonical)
enjō suru (romanization)
enzyau (romanization)
炎上し (stem)
炎上した (past)
炎上し
えんじょうし
enjō shi
炎上する
えんじょうする
enjō suru
炎上すれ
えんじょうすれ
enjō sure
炎上せよ (imperative literary)
炎上しろ (colloquial imperative)
えんじょうせよ (imperative literary)
えんじょうしろ (colloquial imperative)
enjō seyo (imperative literary)
enjō shiro (colloquial imperative)
炎上される (passive)
えんじょうされる (passive)
enjō sareru (passive)
炎上させる (causative)
炎上さす (causative)
えんじょうさせる (causative)
えんじょうさす (causative)
enjō saseru (causative)
enjō sasu (causative)
炎上できる (potential)
えんじょうできる (potential)
enjō dekiru (potential)
炎上しよう (volitional)
えんじょうしよう (volitional)
enjō shiyō (volitional)
炎上しない (negative)
えんじょうしない (negative)
enjō shinai (negative)
炎上せず (continuative negative)
えんじょうせず (continuative negative)
enjō sezu (continuative negative)
炎上します (formal)
えんじょうします (formal)
enjō shimasu (formal)
炎上した (perfective)
えんじょうした (perfective)
enjō shita (perfective)
炎上して (conjunctive)
えんじょうして (conjunctive)
enjō shite (conjunctive)
炎上すれば (conditional hypothetical)
えんじょうすれば (conditional hypothetical)
enjō sureba (conditional hypothetical)

[ẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ː]

(baseball, of a pitcher) to have the opposite team score a lot


ラシャ

From Portuguese raxa.
First attested in at least 1617.


コーナー

ja-noun

コーナー • (kōnā)

コーナーに直球

(baseball) One of the corners of the strike zone

corner
One of the corners of the strike zone

コーナーにきめる


ソロ

ja-r

ソロホーマー (sorohōmā)


反車

ja-noun

反(へん)車(しゃ) • (hensha) ^(←へんしや (fensya)?)

反車 (canonical)
hensha (romanization)
fensya (romanization)
へんしや (hiragana historical)

(shogi) reverse chariot (piece in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


飛牛

飛牛 (canonical)
higyū (romanization)
figiu (romanization)
ひぎう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) flying ox (piece in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


と金

→ English: tokin

From the resemblance of the shorthand cursive version of the character 金 (kin), displayed on the back of the piece, to the hiragana letter と (to).

(shogi) a promoted 歩兵 (fuhyō, “foot soldier”), with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru


トレイ

Borrowed from English trey. See also エース (ēsu, “ace”), デュース (dyūsu, “deuce”), ケイト (keito, “cater”), シンク (shinku, “cinque”) and サイス (saisu, “sice”).

(dated, gambling, card games) a three/trey


登板

ja-verb-suru

登(とう)板(ばん)する • (tōban suru) intransitive suru (stem 登(とう)板(ばん)し (tōban shi), past 登(とう)板(ばん)した (tōban shita))

登板する (canonical)
tōban suru (romanization)
登板し (stem)
登板した (past)
登板し
とうばんし
tōban shi
登板する
とうばんする
tōban suru
登板すれ
とうばんすれ
tōban sure
登板せよ (imperative literary)
登板しろ (colloquial imperative)
とうばんせよ (imperative literary)
とうばんしろ (colloquial imperative)
tōban seyo (imperative literary)
tōban shiro (colloquial imperative)
登板される (passive)
とうばんされる (passive)
tōban sareru (passive)
登板させる (causative)
登板さす (causative)
とうばんさせる (causative)
とうばんさす (causative)
tōban saseru (causative)
tōban sasu (causative)
登板できる (potential)
とうばんできる (potential)
tōban dekiru (potential)
登板しよう (volitional)
とうばんしよう (volitional)
tōban shiyō (volitional)
登板しない (negative)
とうばんしない (negative)
tōban shinai (negative)
登板せず (continuative negative)
とうばんせず (continuative negative)
tōban sezu (continuative negative)
登板します (formal)
とうばんします (formal)
tōban shimasu (formal)
登板した (perfective)
とうばんした (perfective)
tōban shita (perfective)
登板して (conjunctive)
とうばんして (conjunctive)
tōban shite (conjunctive)
登板すれば (conditional hypothetical)
とうばんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tōban sureba (conditional hypothetical)


アーチ

ja-noun

アーチ • (āchi)


クロスワードパズル

[kɯ̟ɾo̞sɨβ̞a̠ːdo̞ pa̠zɨɾɯ̟]

クロスワード クロスワード#Japanese

(games) Synonym of クロスワード (kurosuwādo, “crossword”); a crossword puzzle

クロスワード

ja:クロスワードパズル


攻略

[ko̞ːɾʲa̠kɯ̟]

攻略本

(gaming) strategy; tactics; walkthrough; guide


パス

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:松村明

(card games, games) a pass (ceding one's turn)


パス

ja-verb-suru

パスする • (pasu suru) suru (stem パスし (pasu shi), past パスした (pasu shita))

パスする (canonical)
pasu suru (romanization)
パスし (stem)
パスした (past)
パスし
pasu shi
パスする
pasu suru
パスすれ
pasu sure
パスせよ (imperative literary)
パスしろ (colloquial imperative)
pasu seyo (imperative literary)
pasu shiro (colloquial imperative)
パスされる (passive)
pasu sareru (passive)
パスさせる (causative)
パスさす (causative)
pasu saseru (causative)
pasu sasu (causative)
パスできる (potential)
pasu dekiru (potential)
パスしよう (volitional)
pasu shiyō (volitional)
パスしない (negative)
pasu shinai (negative)
パスせず (continuative negative)
pasu sezu (continuative negative)
パスします (formal)
pasu shimasu (formal)
パスした (perfective)
pasu shita (perfective)
パスして (conjunctive)
pasu shite (conjunctive)
パスすれば (conditional hypothetical)
pasu sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(card games, games) to pass (to cede one's turn)

(baseball) to pass, to intentionally walk (a batter)


タッチ

タッチする • (tatchi suru) suru (stem タッチし (tatchi shi), past タッチした (tatchi shita))

タッチする (canonical)
tatchi suru (romanization)
タッチし (stem)
タッチした (past)
タッチし
tatchi shi
タッチする
tatchi suru
タッチすれ
tatchi sure
タッチせよ (imperative literary)
タッチしろ (colloquial imperative)
tatchi seyo (imperative literary)
tatchi shiro (colloquial imperative)
タッチされる (passive)
tatchi sareru (passive)
タッチさせる (causative)
タッチさす (causative)
tatchi saseru (causative)
tatchi sasu (causative)
タッチできる (potential)
tatchi dekiru (potential)
タッチしよう (volitional)
tatchi shiyō (volitional)
タッチしない (negative)
tatchi shinai (negative)
タッチせず (continuative negative)
tatchi sezu (continuative negative)
タッチします (formal)
tatchi shimasu (formal)
タッチした (perfective)
tatchi shita (perfective)
タッチして (conjunctive)
tatchi shite (conjunctive)
タッチすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tatchi sureba (conditional hypothetical)


ラウンド

[ɾa̠ɯ̟̃ndo̞]


ライフ

ライフが０

ja:ライフ (コンピュータゲーム)


カーブ

ja-noun

カーブ • (kābu)


カーブ

ja-verb-suru

カーブする • (kābu suru) suru (stem カーブし (kābu shi), past カーブした (kābu shita))

カーブする (canonical)
kābu suru (romanization)
カーブし (stem)
カーブした (past)
カーブし
kābu shi
カーブする
kābu suru
カーブすれ
kābu sure
カーブせよ (imperative literary)
カーブしろ (colloquial imperative)
kābu seyo (imperative literary)
kābu shiro (colloquial imperative)
カーブされる (passive)
kābu sareru (passive)
カーブさせる (causative)
カーブさす (causative)
kābu saseru (causative)
kābu sasu (causative)
カーブできる (potential)
kābu dekiru (potential)
カーブしよう (volitional)
kābu shiyō (volitional)
カーブしない (negative)
kābu shinai (negative)
カーブせず (continuative negative)
kābu sezu (continuative negative)
カーブします (formal)
kābu shimasu (formal)
カーブした (perfective)
kābu shita (perfective)
カーブして (conjunctive)
kābu shite (conjunctive)
カーブすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kābu sureba (conditional hypothetical)


ラリー

ja-noun

ラリー • (rarī)

ラリーが続かない人

(squash, table tennis, tennis, badminton) rally (strokes)

table tennis; badminton; table tennis; badminton


降板

ja-verb-suru

降(こう)板(ばん)する • (kōban suru) suru (stem 降(こう)板(ばん)し (kōban shi), past 降(こう)板(ばん)した (kōban shita))

降板する (canonical)
kōban suru (romanization)
降板し (stem)
降板した (past)
降板し
こうばんし
kōban shi
降板する
こうばんする
kōban suru
降板すれ
こうばんすれ
kōban sure
降板せよ (imperative literary)
降板しろ (colloquial imperative)
こうばんせよ (imperative literary)
こうばんしろ (colloquial imperative)
kōban seyo (imperative literary)
kōban shiro (colloquial imperative)
降板される (passive)
こうばんされる (passive)
kōban sareru (passive)
降板させる (causative)
降板さす (causative)
こうばんさせる (causative)
こうばんさす (causative)
kōban saseru (causative)
kōban sasu (causative)
降板できる (potential)
こうばんできる (potential)
kōban dekiru (potential)
降板しよう (volitional)
こうばんしよう (volitional)
kōban shiyō (volitional)
降板しない (negative)
こうばんしない (negative)
kōban shinai (negative)
降板せず (continuative negative)
こうばんせず (continuative negative)
kōban sezu (continuative negative)
降板します (formal)
こうばんします (formal)
kōban shimasu (formal)
降板した (perfective)
こうばんした (perfective)
kōban shita (perfective)
降板して (conjunctive)
こうばんして (conjunctive)
kōban shite (conjunctive)
降板すれば (conditional hypothetical)
こうばんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kōban sureba (conditional hypothetical)


ダート

ja-noun

ダート • (dāto)


セーブ

セーブ • (sēbu)


外野手

外(がい)野(や)手(しゅ) • (gaiyashu) ^(←ぐわいやしゆ (gwaiyasyu)?)

外野手 (canonical)
gaiyashu (romanization)
gwaiyasyu (romanization)
ぐわいやしゆ (hiragana historical)

外野 (gaiya, “outfield”) + 手 (-shu, “-er”), calque of English outfielder


ストーン

ja-noun

ストーン • (sutōn)

(curling) stone (disc-shaped stone with handle)


ライナー

ライナー • (rainā)


秒殺

ja-verb-suru

秒(びょう)殺(さつ)する • (byōsatsu suru) suru (stem 秒(びょう)殺(さつ)し (byōsatsu shi), past 秒(びょう)殺(さつ)した (byōsatsu shita))

秒殺する (canonical)
byōsatsu suru (romanization)
秒殺し (stem)
秒殺した (past)
秒殺し
びょうさつし
byōsatsu shi
秒殺する
びょうさつする
byōsatsu suru
秒殺すれ
びょうさつすれ
byōsatsu sure
秒殺せよ (imperative literary)
秒殺しろ (colloquial imperative)
びょうさつせよ (imperative literary)
びょうさつしろ (colloquial imperative)
byōsatsu seyo (imperative literary)
byōsatsu shiro (colloquial imperative)
秒殺される (passive)
びょうさつされる (passive)
byōsatsu sareru (passive)
秒殺させる (causative)
秒殺さす (causative)
びょうさつさせる (causative)
びょうさつさす (causative)
byōsatsu saseru (causative)
byōsatsu sasu (causative)
秒殺できる (potential)
びょうさつできる (potential)
byōsatsu dekiru (potential)
秒殺しよう (volitional)
びょうさつしよう (volitional)
byōsatsu shiyō (volitional)
秒殺しない (negative)
びょうさつしない (negative)
byōsatsu shinai (negative)
秒殺せず (continuative negative)
びょうさつせず (continuative negative)
byōsatsu sezu (continuative negative)
秒殺します (formal)
びょうさつします (formal)
byōsatsu shimasu (formal)
秒殺した (perfective)
びょうさつした (perfective)
byōsatsu shita (perfective)
秒殺して (conjunctive)
びょうさつして (conjunctive)
byōsatsu shite (conjunctive)
秒殺すれば (conditional hypothetical)
びょうさつすれば (conditional hypothetical)
byōsatsu sureba (conditional hypothetical)


テイクアウト

[te̞ːkɯ̟a̠ɯ̟to̞]


すすき

すすき (canonical)
ススキ (canonical)
susuki (romanization)
すすき (hiragana historical)

(card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of August


撞球

ja-noun

撞(どう)球(きゅう) • (dōkyū) ^(←どうきう (doukiu)?)

撞球 (canonical)
dōkyū (romanization)
doukiu (romanization)
どうきう (hiragana historical)


内野

ja:内野
ja:内野 (曖昧さ回避)

内 (nai-, “in-”) + 野 (ya, “field”), calque of English infield

(baseball, softball, cricket) an infield


盲牌

(games, gambling) the ability to sense a mahjong tile's identity by a touch


手球

手(て)球(だま)が⑨(ナイン)ボールを直(ちょく)撃(げき)———‼⑨(ナイン)ボールはコーナーポケットへ一(いっ)直(ちょく)線(せん)———‼

1990 March 17, Maekawa, Takeshi, “第(だい)120話(わ) 氷(ひょう)解(かい)⑤ [Chapter 120: Tiebreaker ⑤]”, in ブレイクショット [Break Shot], volume 13 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 44:

The cue ball hits the ⑨ ball directly———‼ The ⑨ ball’s going straight to the corner pocket———‼

Tedama ga nain bōru o chokugeki———‼ Nain bōru wa kōnā poketto e itchokusen———‼


チーター

チーター • (chītā)


完封

完(かん)封(ぷう) • (kanpū) ^(←くわんぷう (kwanpuu)?)

完封 (canonical)
kanpū (romanization)
kwanpuu (romanization)
くわんぷう (hiragana historical)


完封

ja-verb-suru

完(かん)封(ぷう)する • (kanpū suru) ^(←くわんぷう (kwanpuu)?)intransitive suru (stem 完(かん)封(ぷう)し (kanpū shi), past 完(かん)封(ぷう)した (kanpū shita))

完封する (canonical)
kanpū suru (romanization)
kwanpuu (romanization)
完封し (stem)
完封した (past)
完封し
かんぷうし
kanpū shi
完封する
かんぷうする
kanpū suru
完封すれ
かんぷうすれ
kanpū sure
完封せよ (imperative literary)
完封しろ (colloquial imperative)
かんぷうせよ (imperative literary)
かんぷうしろ (colloquial imperative)
kanpū seyo (imperative literary)
kanpū shiro (colloquial imperative)
完封される (passive)
かんぷうされる (passive)
kanpū sareru (passive)
完封させる (causative)
完封さす (causative)
かんぷうさせる (causative)
かんぷうさす (causative)
kanpū saseru (causative)
kanpū sasu (causative)
完封できる (potential)
かんぷうできる (potential)
kanpū dekiru (potential)
完封しよう (volitional)
かんぷうしよう (volitional)
kanpū shiyō (volitional)
完封しない (negative)
かんぷうしない (negative)
kanpū shinai (negative)
完封せず (continuative negative)
かんぷうせず (continuative negative)
kanpū sezu (continuative negative)
完封します (formal)
かんぷうします (formal)
kanpū shimasu (formal)
完封した (perfective)
かんぷうした (perfective)
kanpū shita (perfective)
完封して (conjunctive)
かんぷうして (conjunctive)
kanpū shite (conjunctive)
完封すれば (conditional hypothetical)
かんぷうすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kanpū sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(baseball, competition) to play a shutout game, to shut out the other team


筒子

Borrowed from Mandarin 餅子／饼子 (bǐngzi). The kanji form is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 筒子 (tǒngzi). The two Chinese words are synonyms.


飛球

飛球 (canonical)
hikyū (romanization)
fikiu (romanization)
ひきう (hiragana historical)


好手

好手 (canonical)
kōshu (romanization)
kausyu (romanization)
かうしゆ (hiragana historical)


手札

Compound of 手 (te, “hand”) + 札 (fuda, “card”).

2001 June 9, Kazuki Takahashi, “遊闘(バトル)206 折(お)れない闘(とう)志(し)‼ [Battle 206: Unbreakable Spirit‼]”, in 遊(ゆう)☆戯(ぎ)☆王(おう) [King of Games], volume 24 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

I return all the monsters on my field to my hand

オレの場のすべてのモンスターを手札に戻すぜ

Ore no fīrudo no subete no monsutā o tefuda ni modosu ze

2014 March 8, “モンスター回(かい)収(しゅう) [Monster Recovery]”, in 決闘王の記憶 －決闘者の王国編－ [Memories of the Duel King －Duelist Kingdom Arc－], Konami:

Shuffle the selected monster and your entire hand into your Deck.

選択したモンスターと自分の手札を全てデッキに加えてシャッフルする。

Sentaku shita monsutā to jibun no tefuda o subete dekki ni kuwaete shaffuru suru.

(card games) a hand of cards, the cards in one's hand


トークン

“その他(た)のルール（上(じょう)級(きゅう)者(しゃ)向(む)け) [Other Rules (for Advanced Players)]”, in [遊☆戯☆王](YU-GI-OH!) オフィシャルカードゲーム デュエルモンスターズ 公式ルールブック 新マスタールール対応　バージョン１.０ [Yu-Gi-Oh! Official Card Game: Duel Monsters: Official Rulebook Version 1.0, Conforming to the New Master Rules], Konami:

Monster Tokens are instances of monsters generated by card effects. Since they are not regular cards, they cannot be put in a Deck, and once they are destroyed, they vanish without going to the Graveyard. Vanishing Monster Tokens are removed from the Duel, even though this removal is not explicitly stated by the card effect in question.

モンスタートークンとは、カードの効果で生み出されたモンスターの事です。カードではないのでデッキに入る事はなく、破壊されたら墓地へは行かずに消滅します。消滅したモンスタートークンはデュエルから取り除かれますが、カードの効果によって除外されているカードには含まれません。

Monsutā Tōkun to wa, kādo no kōka de umidasareta monsutā no koto desu. Kādo de wa nai no de Dekki ni hairu koto wa naku, hakai saretara Bochi e wa ikazu ni shōmetsu shimasu. Shōmetsu shita Monsutā Tōkun wa Dyueru kara torinozokaremasu ga, kādo no kōka ni yotte jogai sarete iru kādo ni wa fukumaremasen.

(card games) a token (generic card produced by the effect of another card, removed from the game after being removed from the playmat)


シャッフル

[ɕa̠ɸːɯ̟ɾɯ̟]


シャッフル

ja-verb-suru

シャッフルする • (shaffuru suru) suru (stem シャッフルし (shaffuru shi), past シャッフルした (shaffuru shita))

シャッフルする (canonical)
shaffuru suru (romanization)
シャッフルし (stem)
シャッフルした (past)
シャッフルし
shaffuru shi
シャッフルする
shaffuru suru
シャッフルすれ
shaffuru sure
シャッフルせよ (imperative literary)
シャッフルしろ (colloquial imperative)
shaffuru seyo (imperative literary)
shaffuru shiro (colloquial imperative)
シャッフルされる (passive)
shaffuru sareru (passive)
シャッフルさせる (causative)
シャッフルさす (causative)
shaffuru saseru (causative)
shaffuru sasu (causative)
シャッフルできる (potential)
shaffuru dekiru (potential)
シャッフルしよう (volitional)
shaffuru shiyō (volitional)
シャッフルしない (negative)
shaffuru shinai (negative)
シャッフルせず (continuative negative)
shaffuru sezu (continuative negative)
シャッフルします (formal)
shaffuru shimasu (formal)
シャッフルした (perfective)
shaffuru shita (perfective)
シャッフルして (conjunctive)
shaffuru shite (conjunctive)
シャッフルすれば (conditional hypothetical)
shaffuru sureba (conditional hypothetical)

[ɕa̠ɸːɯ̟ɾɯ̟]


青龍

(shogi) blue dragon, a piece in dai dai shogi, tai shogi and taikyoku shogi


隠れ鬼

隠れ鬼 (canonical)
kakureoni (romanization)

[ka̠kɯ̟ɾe̞o̞ɲ̟i]


ロシアンルーレット

[ɾo̞ɕia̠n̺ ɾɯ̟ːɾe̞t̚to̞]

Borrowed from English Russian roulette, influenced by ロシア (Roshia, “Russia”).


三振

Adam Dunn
Cincinnati Reds
Daijirin
ja:三振
strikeout

Compound of 三 (san, “three”) + 振 (shin, “swing”, in baseball, specifically a swing without a hit).


頓死

(shogi) A blunder that leads to checkmate.


頓死

ja-verb-suru

頓(とん)死(し)する • (tonshi suru) suru (stem 頓(とん)死(し)し (tonshi shi), past 頓(とん)死(し)した (tonshi shita))

頓死する (canonical)
tonshi suru (romanization)
頓死し (stem)
頓死した (past)
頓死し
とんしし
tonshi shi
頓死する
とんしする
tonshi suru
頓死すれ
とんしすれ
tonshi sure
頓死せよ (imperative literary)
頓死しろ (colloquial imperative)
とんしせよ (imperative literary)
とんししろ (colloquial imperative)
tonshi seyo (imperative literary)
tonshi shiro (colloquial imperative)
頓死される (passive)
とんしされる (passive)
tonshi sareru (passive)
頓死させる (causative)
頓死さす (causative)
とんしさせる (causative)
とんしさす (causative)
tonshi saseru (causative)
tonshi sasu (causative)
頓死できる (potential)
とんしできる (potential)
tonshi dekiru (potential)
頓死しよう (volitional)
とんししよう (volitional)
tonshi shiyō (volitional)
頓死しない (negative)
とんししない (negative)
tonshi shinai (negative)
頓死せず (continuative negative)
とんしせず (continuative negative)
tonshi sezu (continuative negative)
頓死します (formal)
とんしします (formal)
tonshi shimasu (formal)
頓死した (perfective)
とんしした (perfective)
tonshi shita (perfective)
頓死して (conjunctive)
とんしして (conjunctive)
tonshi shite (conjunctive)
頓死すれば (conditional hypothetical)
とんしすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tonshi sureba (conditional hypothetical)


フットボールヘルメット

ja-noun

フットボール ヘルメット

[ɸɯ̟t̚to̞bo̞ːɾɯ̟ he̞ɾɯ̟me̞t̚to̞]

(American football, Canadian football) a football helmet


スリー・オブ・ア・カインド

スリー・オブ・ア・カインド • (surī obu a kaindo)


フォー・オブ・ア・カインド

フォー・オブ・ア・カインド • (fō obu a kaindo)


ババ抜き

ババ抜き (canonical)
babanuki (romanization)

婆 (baba, “old lady”) + 抜き (-nuki, “-less”)

suf

1991 June 15, Rumiko Takahashi, “博(ばく)奕(ち)王(おう)Ｋ(キング) [Gambling King King]”, in らんま½ [Ranma ½], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, pages 60–61:

ババぬきや‼

ババぬきや‼


デュース

ja-noun

デュース • (dyūsu)

Borrowed from English deuce. See also エース (ēsu, “ace”), トレイ (torei, “trey”), ケイト (keito, “cater”), シンク (shinku, “cinque”) and サイス (saisu, “sice”).

(tennis, table tennis, volleyball, etc.) a deuce


ケイト

Borrowed from English cater. See also エース (ēsu, “ace”), デュース (dyūsu, “deuce”), トレイ (torei, “trey”), シンク (shinku, “cinque”) and サイス (saisu, “sice”).

(dated, gambling, card games) a four/cater


シンク

Borrowed from English cinque. See also エース (ēsu, “ace”), デュース (dyūsu, “deuce”), トレイ (torei, “trey”), ケイト (keito, “cater”) and サイス (saisu, “sice”). Doublet of ファイブ (faibu), ポンず (ponzu), and ポンペイ (Ponpei).

doublet

(dated, gambling, card games) a five/cinque


サイス

(dated, gambling, card games) a six/sice


ブックメーカー

ja-noun

ブックメーカー • (bukkumēkā)

[bɯ̟k̚kɯ̟me̞ːka̠ː]

(gambling) a bookmaker (a person who calculates odds and accepts bets)


ボランチ

defensive midfielder
defensive midfielder


𤼵

(mahjong) Short for 緑發 (ryūfā): green dragon (tile)

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a meld of green dragon tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


字一色

字(ツー)一(イー)色(ソー) • (tsūīsō)

(mahjong) all honours: a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand that consists of only 風牌 (kazehai, “wind tiles”) and 三元牌 (sangenpai, “dragon tiles”)


緑一色

緑一色(リューイーソー) • (ryūīsō)

[ɾʲɨːiːso̞ː]

Borrowed from Mandarin 綠一色 /绿一色 (lǜyīsè).

(mahjong) all green: a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand consisting of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 of 索子 (sōzu, “bamboo”), and 發/𤼵 (hatsu, “green dragon”) tiles.


出塁

[ɕɨt͡sɨɾɯ̟i]


ヒットエンドラン

[çi̥t̚to̞ ẽ̞ndo̞ ɾã̠ɴ]

彼(かの)女(じょ)の顔(かお)の横(よこ)にあるでしょ？「恋(こい)のヒット＆(エンド)ラン」って！ヒット＆(エンド)ランは日(にっ)本(ぽん)だと野(や)球(きゅう)用(よう)語(ご)だけど、外(がい)国(こく)だと…
轢(ひ)き逃(に)げ…

2015 August 23, Gosho Aoyama, “ＦＩＬＥ(ファイル).５ ＳＥＬＦＩＥ(セルフィー)”, in 名(めい)探(たん)偵(てい)コナン [Legendary Detective Conan], volume 87 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN:

Don’t you see that one next to her face? “The Hit & Run of Love”! In Japan hit and run’s just a baseball term, but elsewhere it also means…
The crime of hit and run…

Kanojo no kao no yoko ni aru desho? “Koi no Hitto endo Ran”tte! Hitto endo ran wa Nippon dato yakyū yōgo dakedo, gaikoku dato…
Hikinige…


グー

(rock paper scissors) rock, a closed fist in the game of rock paper scissors


パー

パー or ぱあ • (pā)

パー (canonical)
ぱあ (canonical)
pā (romanization)


チョキ

チョキ (canonical)
ちょき (canonical)
choki (romanization)


サドンデス

(sports, games) sudden death (mode of play)


外野

外野 (canonical)
gaiya (romanization)
gwaiya (romanization)
ぐわいや (hiragana historical)

外 (gai-, “out-”) + 野 (ya, “field”), calque of English outfield

(baseball, softball, cricket) an outfield


トレーディングカードゲーム

トレーディング カード ゲーム

トレーディングカードゲーム • (torēdingu kādo gēmu)

1997 May 6, Kazuki Takahashi, “遊闘(バトル)９(きゅう) 牙(きば)を持(も)つカード〈前(ぜん)編(ぺん)〉 [Battle 9: Fanged Cards ‹First Chapter›]”, in 遊(ゆう)☆戯(ぎ)☆王(おう) [King of Games], volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 32:

This is a trading card game… meaning you can exchange cards to play this game!

これはトレーディングカードゲームっていう…つまりカードの交換ゲームなんだ！

Kore wa torēdingu kādo gēmu tte iu… Tsumari kādo no kōkan gēmu na n da!

1999 July, Tateno, Makoto, “カードの王(おう)様(さま) [King of Cards]”, in カードの王様 [King of Cards], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Hakusensha, page 7:

“Chaos”, a new trading card game that has recently made landfall in Japan

「CHAOS」 最近日本に上陸した新しいトレーディングカードゲーム

“Kaosu” saikin Nihon ni jōriku shita atarashii torēdingu kādo gēmu

ja:トレーディングカードゲーム


連投

連 (ren, “consecutive; successive”) + 投 (tō). For the baseball sense, 投 is likely a shortening of 投げる (nageru, “to throw”), and for the internet sense, 投 is likely a shortening of 投稿する (tōkō suru, “to post”).

com

(baseball) pitching in consecutive games


連投

ja-verb-suru

連(れん)投(とう)する • (rentō suru) suru (stem 連(れん)投(とう)し (rentō shi), past 連(れん)投(とう)した (rentō shita))

連投する (canonical)
rentō suru (romanization)
連投し (stem)
連投した (past)
連投し
れんとうし
rentō shi
連投する
れんとうする
rentō suru
連投すれ
れんとうすれ
rentō sure
連投せよ (imperative literary)
連投しろ (colloquial imperative)
れんとうせよ (imperative literary)
れんとうしろ (colloquial imperative)
rentō seyo (imperative literary)
rentō shiro (colloquial imperative)
連投される (passive)
れんとうされる (passive)
rentō sareru (passive)
連投させる (causative)
連投さす (causative)
れんとうさせる (causative)
れんとうさす (causative)
rentō saseru (causative)
rentō sasu (causative)
連投できる (potential)
れんとうできる (potential)
rentō dekiru (potential)
連投しよう (volitional)
れんとうしよう (volitional)
rentō shiyō (volitional)
連投しない (negative)
れんとうしない (negative)
rentō shinai (negative)
連投せず (continuative negative)
れんとうせず (continuative negative)
rentō sezu (continuative negative)
連投します (formal)
れんとうします (formal)
rentō shimasu (formal)
連投した (perfective)
れんとうした (perfective)
rentō shita (perfective)
連投して (conjunctive)
れんとうして (conjunctive)
rentō shite (conjunctive)
連投すれば (conditional hypothetical)
れんとうすれば (conditional hypothetical)
rentō sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(baseball) to pitch in consecutive games


デッドボール

[de̞d̚d̥o̞bo̞ːɾɯ̟]


フォークボール

ja-noun

フォークボール • (fōkubōru)

[ɸo̞ːkɯ̟bo̞ːɾɯ̟]


上家

上家 (canonical)
上家 (canonical)
kamicha (romanization)

From 上 (kami, “high, top”) + Chinese 家 (jiā, “-er”).

(mahjong) the opponent on the player's left; player on the left


骨牌

Borrowing from Mandarin 骨牌 (gǔpái, “Chinese-style dominoes”).

bor

(mahjong) mahjong tiles made from animal bone


バッツマン

(cricket) Synonym of 打者 (dasha, “batsman”)


ボウラー

ja-noun

ボウラー • (bōrā)

(cricket) Synonym of 投手 (tōshu, “bowler”)


人和

(mahjong) hand of man: win by discard on the first go-around of play; depending on the rules, it can be worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”), 倍満 (baiman), 満貫 (mangan), or any other number of points


スチール

[sɨ̥t͡ɕiːɾɯ̟]

Borrowed from various English words; see glosses below.


ホーマー

ホーマー • (hōmā)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 本塁打 (honruida, “home run”); a homer


ホームベース

ホームベース • (hōmu bēsu)

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 本塁 (honrui, “home base”)


ホームプレート

ホームプレート • (hōmu purēto)

[ho̞ːmɯ̟ pɯ̟ɾe̞ːto̞]


ショートストップ

[ɕo̞ːto̞sɨ̥to̞p̚pɯ̟]

(baseball, softball) Synonym of 遊撃手 (yūgekishu, “shortstop”)


内野手

内野 (naiya, “infield”) + 手 (-shu, “-er”), calque of English infielder


クォーターバック

クォーターバック • (kwōtābakku)

(American football, Canadian football) a quarterback


スーパーボウル

スーパーボウル • (sūpā bōru)


クロスワード

[kɯ̟ɾo̞sɨβ̞a̠ːdo̞]


山札

Compound of 山 (yama, “mountain; pile”) + 札 (fuda, “card”).

場札

the discard pile in various kinds of card game

2000 September 9, Kazuki Takahashi, “遊闘(バトル)176(ひゃくななじゅうろく) 神(かみ)堕(お)つ⁉ [Battle 176: A God Falls!?]”, in 遊(ゆう)☆戯(ぎ)☆王(おう) [King of Games], volume 20 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 147:

Not really… Your God can’t possibly have infinite power… because the number of cards in your stock is very much finite!

違うな…神の力は無限じゃない……山札の枚数という限界があったのさ！

Chigau na… Kami no chikara wa mugen ja nai…… Yamafuda no maisū to iu genkai ga atta no sa!

2016 December 9, “場(ば)所(しょ)の名(な)前(まえ) [Names of the Zones]”, in ポケモンカードゲーム サン＆ムーン 遊(あそ)びかた説(せつ)明(めい)書(しょ) [Pokémon Card Game Sun & Moon How-to-Play Guide] (non-fiction), The Pokémon Company, page 12:

Place your deck face-down as the “draw pile”.

デッキをウラにして置いて「山札」にします。

(card games) in certain kinds of card games, the set of cards from which each player draws during game play: the draw pile, the stock


場札

Compound of 場 (ba, “place”) + 札 (fuda, “card”).

(card games) the discard pile in various kinds of card games

(card games) cards on the board (during a card game)


下家

下家 (canonical)
下家 (canonical)
shimocha (romanization)

From 下 (shimo, “end, low”) + Chinese 家 (jiā, “-er”).

(mahjong) the opponent on the player's right; player on the right


奔王

ja-noun

奔(ほん)王(のう) or 奔(ほん)王(おう) • (honnō or hon'ō) ^(←ほんわう (fon'wau)?)

奔王 (canonical)
奔王 (canonical)
honnō (romanization)
hon'ō (romanization)
fon'wau (romanization)
ほんわう (hiragana historical)

The ō reading for 王 changes to nō as an instance of renjō (連声).

ja-renjō

(shogi) free king, queen (a piece in chu shogi, dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


銅将

ja-noun

銅(どう)将(しょう) • (dōshō) ^(←どうしやう (dousyau)?)

銅将 (canonical)
dōshō (romanization)
dousyau (romanization)
どうしやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) copper general (a piece used in chu shogi, dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


鉄将

鉄(てっ)将(しょう) • (tesshō) ^(←てつしやう (tetusyau)?)

鉄将 (canonical)
tesshō (romanization)
tetusyau (romanization)
てつしやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) iron general (a piece used in dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


石将

石(せき)将(しょう) • (sekishō) ^(←せきしやう (sekisyau)?)

石将 (canonical)
sekishō (romanization)
sekisyau (romanization)
せきしやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) stone general (a piece used in dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


猛豹

猛(もう)豹(ひょう) • (mōhyō) ^(←まうへう (maufeu)?)

猛豹 (canonical)
mōhyō (romanization)
maufeu (romanization)
まうへう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) ferocious leopard (a piece used in chu shogi, dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


白駒

白駒 (canonical)
hakku (romanization)
fakuku (romanization)
はくく (hiragana historical)

(shogi) white horse (a piece in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


プレイ

ja-verb-suru

プレイする • (purei suru) suru (stem プレイし (purei shi), past プレイした (purei shita))

プレイする (canonical)
purei suru (romanization)
プレイし (stem)
プレイした (past)
プレイし
purei shi
プレイする
purei suru
プレイすれ
purei sure
プレイせよ (imperative literary)
プレイしろ (colloquial imperative)
purei seyo (imperative literary)
purei shiro (colloquial imperative)
プレイされる (passive)
purei sareru (passive)
プレイさせる (causative)
プレイさす (causative)
purei saseru (causative)
purei sasu (causative)
プレイできる (potential)
purei dekiru (potential)
プレイしよう (volitional)
purei shiyō (volitional)
プレイしない (negative)
purei shinai (negative)
プレイせず (continuative negative)
purei sezu (continuative negative)
プレイします (formal)
purei shimasu (formal)
プレイした (perfective)
purei shita (perfective)
プレイして (conjunctive)
purei shite (conjunctive)
プレイすれば (conditional hypothetical)
purei sureba (conditional hypothetical)

ミランでプレイする


フラグが立つ

ja-verb

フラグが立(た)つ • (furagu ga tatsu) godan (stem フラグが立(た)ち (furagu ga tachi), past フラグが立(た)った (furagu ga tatta))

フラグが立つ (canonical)
furagu ga tatsu (romanization)
フラグが立ち (stem)
フラグが立った (past)
フラグが立た
フラグがたた
furagu ga tata
フラグが立ち
フラグがたち
furagu ga tachi
フラグが立つ
フラグがたつ
furagu ga tatsu
フラグが立て
フラグがたて
furagu ga tate
フラグが立たれる (passive)
フラグがたたれる (passive)
furagu ga tatareru (passive)
フラグが立たせる (causative)
フラグが立たす (causative)
フラグがたたせる (causative)
フラグがたたす (causative)
furagu ga tataseru (causative)
furagu ga tatasu (causative)
フラグが立てる (potential)
フラグがたてる (potential)
furagu ga tateru (potential)
フラグが立とう (volitional)
フラグがたとう (volitional)
furagu ga tatō (volitional)
フラグが立たない (negative)
フラグがたたない (negative)
furagu ga tatanai (negative)
フラグが立たず (continuative negative)
フラグがたたず (continuative negative)
furagu ga tatazu (continuative negative)
フラグが立ちます (formal)
フラグがたちます (formal)
furagu ga tachimasu (formal)
フラグが立った (perfective)
フラグがたった (perfective)
furagu ga tatta (perfective)
フラグが立って (conjunctive)
フラグがたって (conjunctive)
furagu ga tatte (conjunctive)
フラグが立てば (conditional hypothetical)
フラグがたてば (conditional hypothetical)
furagu ga tateba (conditional hypothetical)

⇒ Chinese: 立flag

[ɸɯ̟ɾa̠ɡɯ̟ ɡa̠ ta̠t͡sɨ]

Literally "a flag rises", or in more idiomatic English, "a flag has been set". See English flag (“computer science: true-or-false value, either recording the fact that a certain event has occurred or requesting that a certain optional action take place”).

cog

"It's a summer festival and we're wearing yukata, aren't we? If this was a galge, we'd have set some flag by now."
"Flag?"
"And gotten some event scene, too. I mean, we're literally outside in yukata."
"Alright, that's enough."

「夏で祭りで浴衣でしょ？これがギャルゲーだったら、フラグの一つくらい立つと思うんだけど」
「フラグ？」
「あとイベントシーンとかね。浴衣だし、野外だし」
「はいはい、そこまで」

“Natsu de matsuri de yukata desho? Kore ga gyarugē dattara, furagu no hitotsu kurai tatsu to omou n da kedo”
“Furagu?”
“Ato ibento shīn toka ne. Yukata da shi, yagai da shi”
“Hai hai, soko made”

2007, “コンビニ”, cokesi [cokesi] (lyrics)^(niconico VocaDB)performed by cokesi [cokesi] ft. 初音ミク:

Hanikanda kao o shite kotchi o mite iru yo!?
Kore wa furagu ga tachisō na yokan ga shite kita yo

はにかんだ顔をして こっちを見ているよ！？
これはフラグが立ちそうな予感がしてきたよ

Wait, she's looking my way with a bashful face—!
It feels like something is going to happen (some flag is going to be set)

(gaming, by extension) the prerequisite conditions for an event are fulfilled; something will happen


生駒

生(なま) (nama, “unprocessed”) + 駒(こま) (koma, “shogi piece”)


神経衰弱

ja-noun

神(しん)経(けい)衰(すい)弱(じゃく) • (shinkei suijaku)

神経衰弱 (canonical)
shinkei suijaku (romanization)

[ɕĩŋke̞ː sɨiʑa̠kɯ̟]

Yojijukugo (四字熟語), from 神経 (shinkei, “nerve”) + 衰弱 (suijaku, “breakdown”)


錯和

(mahjong) declaring a win without a legal hand


錯和

ja-verb-suru

錯(チョン)和(ボ)する • (chonbo suru) suru (stem 錯(チョン)和(ボ)し (chonbo shi), past 錯(チョン)和(ボ)した (chonbo shita))

錯和する (canonical)
chonbo suru (romanization)
錯和し (stem)
錯和した (past)
錯和し
チョンボし
chonbo shi
錯和する
チョンボする
chonbo suru
錯和すれ
チョンボすれ
chonbo sure
錯和せよ (imperative literary)
錯和しろ (colloquial imperative)
チョンボせよ (imperative literary)
チョンボしろ (colloquial imperative)
chonbo seyo (imperative literary)
chonbo shiro (colloquial imperative)
錯和される (passive)
チョンボされる (passive)
chonbo sareru (passive)
錯和させる (causative)
錯和さす (causative)
チョンボさせる (causative)
チョンボさす (causative)
chonbo saseru (causative)
chonbo sasu (causative)
錯和できる (potential)
チョンボできる (potential)
chonbo dekiru (potential)
錯和しよう (volitional)
チョンボしよう (volitional)
chonbo shiyō (volitional)
錯和しない (negative)
チョンボしない (negative)
chonbo shinai (negative)
錯和せず (continuative negative)
チョンボせず (continuative negative)
chonbo sezu (continuative negative)
錯和します (formal)
チョンボします (formal)
chonbo shimasu (formal)
錯和した (perfective)
チョンボした (perfective)
chonbo shita (perfective)
錯和して (conjunctive)
チョンボして (conjunctive)
chonbo shite (conjunctive)
錯和すれば (conditional hypothetical)
チョンボすれば (conditional hypothetical)
chonbo sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(mahjong) to declare a win without a legal hand


栄和

ja-noun

栄(ロン)和(ホー) or 栄和(ロンホウ) • (ronhō)

栄和 (canonical)
栄和 (canonical)
ronhō (romanization)

(mahjong) a win by picking up an opponent's recently discarded tile


ブロックサイン

[bɯ̟̊ɾo̞k̚kɯ̟̊sa̠ĩɴ]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from block + sign.


四暗刻

ja-noun

四(スー)暗(アン)刻(コー) or 四暗刻(スウアンコウ) or 四暗刻(スーアンコウ) • (sūankō)

四暗刻 (canonical)
四暗刻 (canonical)
四暗刻 (canonical)
sūankō (romanization)
スーアンコ (alternative katakana)
sūanko (Rōmaji alternative katakana)

[sɨːã̠ŋko̞ː]

From Mandarin 四暗刻 (sì'ànkè).
Equivalent to 四 (sū, “four”) + 暗刻 (ankō, “concealed triplet”).

com

(mahjong) a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand consisting of four concealed triplets


断么

[tã̠ɰ̃ja̠o̞]

zh-l

斷幺／断幺 (duànyāo)

(mahjong) Short for 断么九 (tan'yaochū): a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) without any terminal or honor tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


断么九

ja-noun

断么九(タンヤオチュー) or 断么九(タンヤオチュウ) • (tan'yaochū)

断么九 (canonical)
断么九 (canonical)
tan'yaochū (romanization)

[tã̠ɰ̃ja̠o̞t͡ɕɨː]

Probably from 断(タン) (tan, “sever, cut off”) + 么(ヤオ)九(チュー)牌(パイ) (yaochūpai, “terminal and honour tiles”).
The pronunciation is borrowed from Mandarin 斷幺九 /断幺九 (duànyāojiǔ).

ja-compound

(mahjong) all simples: a 役 (yaku, “hand”) that has 2-8 of any of the three main suits, lacking any 么九牌 (yaochūpai, “terminal and honour tiles”), worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


大三元

大三元 (canonical)
daisangen (romanization)

[da̠isã̠ŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 大三元 (dàsānyuán)
From 大 (dai-, “big, great”) + 三元 (sangen, clipping of 三元牌 (sangenpai), “dragon tiles”).

prefix

clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">三元牌</i> (sangenpai), “dragon tiles”

(mahjong) a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand with melds of all three dragon tiles


立直

From Mandarin 立直 (lìzhí).
Compare Japanese リーチ (rīchi), from English reach.

(mahjong) riichi, a 役(やく) (yaku, “scoring condition”) completed by declaring the hand to be 聴(てん)牌(ぱい) (tenpai, “ready”), waiting for one more tile to win; can potentially also score 一(いっ)発(ぱつ) (ippatsu) and 裏(うら)ドラ (uradora)

(mahjong) a call for such a ready hand, riichi

(by extension) the state of being one point or move away from victory

(bingo) being one number away from getting a bingo


小三元

小三元 (canonical)
shōsangen (romanization)

[ɕo̞ːsã̠ŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 小三元 (xiǎosānyuán).
Can be analyzed as derived from 小 (shō-, “little, small”) + 三元 (sangen, clipping of 三元牌 (sangenpai), “dragon tiles”).

prefix

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “hand”) with melds of two dragon tiles and a pair of the third, worth 2 翻 (han, “doubles”); along with an additional 2 翻 (han) from the 役牌 (yakuhai, “honour meld”) of said two dragon tiles, a combined total of 4 翻 (han)


三元牌

ja-noun

三(さん)元(げん)牌(パイ) or 三元牌(サンユアンパイ) • (sangenpai or san'yuanpai)

三元牌 (canonical)
三元牌 (canonical)
sangenpai (romanization)
san'yuanpai (romanization)

[sã̠ŋɡẽ̞mpa̠i]

[sã̠ɰ̃jɯ̟ã̠mpa̠i]

From 三元 (sangen, “three fundamentals”) + 牌 (pai, “mahjong tile”).
Alternatively, a direct borrowing from Mandarin 三元牌 (sānyuánpái).

com

(mahjong) generic name of the three dragon tiles:

白(パイ)板(パン) (paipan) or 白(はく) (haku, “white dragon”)

緑(リュー)發(ファー) (ryūfā) or 𤼵(はつ) (hatsu, “green dragon”)

紅(ホン)中(チュン) (honchun) or 中(チュン) (chun, “red dragon”)


対局時計

対局時計 (canonical)
taikyokudokei (romanization)

対局 (taikyoku, “game (of chess, shogi, go, etc.)”) + 時計 (tokei, “clock”, jukujikun (熟字訓))

jukujikun (<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">熟字訓</i>)

(chess, shogi, go) a timer; a chess clock, a shogi clock, a go clock, etc.


スート

ja-noun

スート • (sūto)