詰まる

ja-verb

詰(つ)まる • (tsumaru) intransitive godan (stem 詰(つ)まり (tsumari), past 詰(つ)まった (tsumatta))

詰まる (canonical)
tsumaru (romanization)
詰まり (stem)
詰まった (past)
詰まら
つまら
tsumara
詰まり
つまり
tsumari
詰まる
つまる
tsumaru
詰まれ
つまれ
tsumare
詰まられる (passive)
つまられる (passive)
tsumarareru (passive)
詰まらせる (causative)
詰まらす (causative)
つまらせる (causative)
つまらす (causative)
tsumaraseru (causative)
tsumarasu (causative)
詰まれる (potential)
つまれる (potential)
tsumareru (potential)
詰まろう (volitional)
つまろう (volitional)
tsumarō (volitional)
詰まらない (negative)
つまらない (negative)
tsumaranai (negative)
詰まらず (continuative negative)
つまらず (continuative negative)
tsumarazu (continuative negative)
詰まります (formal)
つまります (formal)
tsumarimasu (formal)
詰まった (perfective)
つまった (perfective)
tsumatta (perfective)
詰まって (conjunctive)
つまって (conjunctive)
tsumatte (conjunctive)
詰まれば (conditional hypothetical)
つまれば (conditional hypothetical)
tsumareba (conditional hypothetical)
詰まら (irrealis stem)
つまら (irrealis stem)
tumara (irrealis)
詰まり (continuative stem)
つまり (continuative stem)
tumari (continuative)
詰まる (stem terminative)
つまる (stem terminative)
tumaru (terminative)
詰まる (attributive stem)
つまる (attributive stem)
tumaru (attributive)
詰まれ (realis stem)
つまれ (realis stem)
tumare (realis)
詰まれ (imperative stem)
つまれ (imperative stem)
tumare (imperative)
詰まらず (negative)
つまらず (negative)
tumarazu (negative)
詰まれど (contrastive)
つまれど (contrastive)
tumaredo (contrastive)
詰まれば (causative)
つまれば (causative)
tumareba (causative)
詰まらば (conditional)
つまらば (conditional)
tumaraba (conditional)
詰まりき (past)
つまりき (past)
tumariki (past)
詰まりけり (past)
つまりけり (past)
tumarikeri (past)
詰まりつ (perfect)
つまりつ (perfect)
tumaritu (perfect)
詰まりぬ (perfect)
つまりぬ (perfect)
tumarinu (perfect)
詰まれり (continuative perfect)
詰まりたり (continuative perfect)
つまれり (continuative perfect)
つまりたり (continuative perfect)
tumareri (continuative perfect)
tumaritari (continuative perfect)
詰まらむ (volitional)
つまらむ (volitional)
tumaramu (volitional)

[t͡sɨma̠ɾɯ̟]

(phonetics, phonology) pronounce with a geminate consonant


信夫

信夫 (canonical)
Shinobu (romanization)
信夫 (canonical)
Nobuo (romanization)

(history) a district of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan


唯物論

唯物論 (canonical)
yuibutsuron (romanization)

[jɯ̟ibɯ̟t͡sɨɾõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 唯(ゆい)物(ぶつ) (yuibutsu) + 論(ろん) (-ron, “theory”).
Coined by Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujirō in 1881 in his work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) as a translation of English materialism.


幸魂

幸魂 (canonical)
sakimitama (romanization)

(Shinto, philosophy) one of the 四(し)魂(こん) (shikon) within one's heart and pertains to one's own "loving nature"


天神

[tẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

From Middle Chinese 天神 (MC then zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 天神 (tiānshén, “god, godhead, divinity”).

cog

天神七代 てんじんしちだい

天神七代: the seven generation of gods in Shintō mythology

(Japanese mythology) all gods in the 高天原 (Takama ga Hara, “Plain of High Heaven”), the heavenly abode ruled by 天照 (Amaterasu)


雷神

(mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of thunder and lightning


土神

(mythology, Shinto) a god of the land or soil


火神

火神 (canonical)
kajin (romanization)
kwazin (romanization)
くわじん (hiragana historical)

Probably ultimately from Middle Chinese 火神 (MC xwaX zyin, literally “fire + god”).
First attested in 1103 in the 中右記 (Chūyū-ki), a diary spanning some 50 years of life in the imperial court.

ltc-l

(mythology, Shinto, possibly archaic) a god of fire, another name for Kagutsuchi


風神

Probably from Middle Chinese 風神 (MC pjuwng zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 風神／风神 (fēngshén).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of the wind


仙法

仙術: a specific technique of mystical sagehood

(mythology) the mystical arts of a holy sage


祖神

From Middle Chinese compound 祖神 (MC tsuX zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 祖神 (zǔshén).

(mythology, Shinto) the deification of an ancestor

(mythology, Shinto) Amaterasu, as an ancestor of the imperial family


古田

The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

(history) the Honda feudal territory (知行地 (chigyō-chi)) of the Tosa Domain


再帰動詞

再帰動詞 (canonical)
saiki dōshi (romanization)

Compound of 再帰 (saiki, “reflexive”) + 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”).


マーカー

ja-noun

マーカー • (mākā)


ケルベロス

[ke̞ɾɯ̟be̞ɾo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos).

lbor

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Cerberus, the mythical three-headed dog


格助詞

格助詞 (canonical)
kakujoshi (romanization)

Compound of 格 (kaku, “grammatical case”) + 助詞 (joshi, “grammatical particle”).
Coined by linguist 山田孝雄 (Yamada Yoshio) in his work 日本文法論 (Nihon Bunpō-ron, “Treatise on Japanese Grammar”), published starting in 1902.

compound

(grammar) a case particle (non-free particle following an uninflected word, with grammatical functions akin to noun or pronoun cases in other languages)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
Yamada Yoshio
ja:山田孝雄
ja:格助詞


天照

天照 (canonical)
天照 (canonical)
Amaterasu (romanization)

Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten

From Old Japanese. Mentioned in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE.
Superficially, a compound of 天 (ama, “sky, the heavens”) + 照らす (terasu, “to illuminate something, to shine upon something”). However, this derives instead as an honorific form of compound verb 天照る (amateru, “to shine in heaven”), as the 照らす (terasu) is not the usual transitive or causative conjugation of the intransitive verb 照る (teru, “to shine, to light up”), but rather an example of the verb with the Old Japanese honorific verb suffix す (-su).
As a verbal epithet, also found in some older texts with the reading Amaderasu, where the terasu changes to derasu as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The name appears to be consistently used without voicing, as Amaterasu.

com

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Amaterasu, the Japanese sun goddess


レーダー

ja-pos

レーダー • (Rēdā)

ja:レーダー (ギリシア神話)
ja:レーダー (曖昧さ回避)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Λήδᾱ (Lḗdā)


接助

(grammar) abbreviation of 接続助詞 (“conjunctive particle”)


接続助詞

接続助詞 (canonical)
setsuzokujoshi (romanization)

(grammar) conjunctive particle (abbr. 接助)


単複同形

単複同形 (canonical)
tanpuku dōkei (romanization)

[tã̠mpɯ̟kɯ̟ do̞ːke̞ː]

単複 (“singular and plural”) + 同形 (“same form”)

compound

(grammar) noun with the same form in plural and singular, as in English


天冠

ja-noun

天(てん)冠(かん) • (tenkan) ^(←てんくわん (tenkwan)?)

天冠 (canonical)
tenkan (romanization)
tenkwan (romanization)
てんくわん (hiragana historical)

(folklore, by extension) a white triangular cloth headdress worn by yūrei in traditional Japanese artwork and theatre


ヴィーナス

ja-pos

ヴィーナス • (Vīnasu)

愛と美の女神ヴィーナス

(rare, Roman mythology) Venus, the Roman goddess


ウラヌス

[ɯ̟ɾa̠nɯ̟sɨ]


サターン

サターン • (Satān)

(Roman mythology, rare) Saturn, the Roman god


プルートー

プルートー • (Purūtō)

[pɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːto̞ː]


童子

(Buddhism, mythology) a boy retainer who follows his buddha, bodhisattva or wisdom king around


肥後守

肥後守 (canonical)
Higo no Kami (romanization)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Higo Province
Higonokami
Kumamoto Prefecture
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Ritsuryō
ja:肥後守

Compound of 肥後 (Higo, “Higo Province”, corresponding to modern Kumamoto Prefecture) + の (no, possessive particle) + 守 (kami, “governor (of a province)”). Coined as part of the Ritsuryō system of the late 600s and early 700s.
The knife sense arose from this term being used as a trademark for a specific brand of pocketknife, originally produced by former swordmakers in Kumamoto Prefecture. This brand name then became used for this style of pocketknife in general (compare usage of English kleenex or aspirin). This sense is first cited in 1931.

compound

(history, government) the Governor of Higo


ゼウス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).

lbor

神

ギリシア神話のオリュンポス十二神 (Girishia shinwa no Oryunposu jūnishin)


アテーナー

ja-pos

アテーナー • (Atēnā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀθηνᾶ (Athēnâ)


魔術師

魔術師 (canonical)
majutsushi (romanization)

Compound of 魔術 (majutsu, “magic, sorcery”) + 師 (shi, “master, practitioner”).


妖狐

妖狐 (canonical)
yōko (romanization)
euko (romanization)
えうこ (hiragana historical)

(mythology) supernatural fox that can transform into a human form


アレース

ja-pos

アレース • (Arēsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄρης (Árēs).

lbor

(Greek mythology) alternative form of アレス (Aresu, “Ares”)


マールス

神

ローマ神話のオリュンポス十二神 (Rōma shinwa no Oryunposu jūnishin)


セレス

(Roman mythology) Ceres, the Roman goddess


ダイモーン

ja-noun

ダイモーン • (daimōn)

From Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “a god, goddess, divine power, genius, guardian spirit”).

bor

(Greek mythology) a daimon; a tutelary spirit that guides a person; a genius


山犬

山犬 (canonical)
山犬 (canonical)
yamainu (romanization)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:ヤマイヌ
ja:松村明

Compound of 山 (yama, “mountain”) + 犬 (inu, “dog”).

(Japanese mythology) an apparition of a dog that may appear to travelers on mountain roads, and that may be either friendly or murderous to travelers

送り犬

canine apparition appearing to travelers


パラス

(Greek mythology) Pallas; The name of several people in Greek mythology:

An epithet for Athena; later Pallas Athena.


フォルトゥナ

[ɸo̞ɾɯ̟tɯ̟na̠]

(Roman mythology) Fortuna, the ancient Roman goddess of luck, fortune and fate.


アストレア

(Greek mythology) Astraea, the Greek goddess of stars, and a goddess of justice.


十拳の剣

ja-noun

^とおつか-の-^つるぎ

十拳の剣 (canonical)
Tōtsuka-no-Tsurugi (romanization)
十拳剣 (alternative)

[to̞ːt͡sɨka̠ no̞ t͡sɨɾɯ̟ɡʲi]

(Japanese mythology) the Ten-hands Longsword

天羽々斬

天羽々斬 あまのはばきり

蛇之麁正

蛇之麁正 おろちのあらまさ


火の鳥

火の鳥 (canonical)
hi no tori (romanization)

Compound of 火 (hi, “fire”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”).

compound

(mythology) a phoenix, more specifically as in Western mythology


流動性

(chemistry, sociology) mobility, fluidity


ネメシス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νέμεσις (Némesis)


蛭子

Hiruko: Given the spelling in 古事記 (Kojiki) (水蛭子) and the 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki) (蛭兒), and the fact that Hiruko was considered a deformed failure owing to the improper courtship ritual between 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami), this name is usually interpreted as 蛭 (“leech”) + 子 (“child”). Alternatively, this could be the male equivalent of 日孁 (Hirume, “Amaterasu”, literally “Sun Female”), hence 日 (hi, “sun”) + る (ru, possible variant of archaic genitive particle ろ) + 子 (ko, “child”), although his association with the sun was never clearly stated.

af

possible variant of archaic genitive particle <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">ろ</i>

(Japanese mythology) son of 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami), born either before or after 淡路島 (Awajishima, “Awaji Island”) during his parents' nation birthing process (his "siblings" included islands), considered a deformed failure, disowned by his parents, and sent adrift on reed boat


アルテミス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄρτεμις (Ártemis)


愚者

愚者 (canonical)
gusha (romanization)
gusya (romanization)
ぐしや (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 愚者 (MC ngju tsyaeX). First attested in Japanese in 900.


女教皇

ja-noun

女(じょ)教(きょう)皇(おう) • (jokyōō)

Compound of 女 (jo, “woman, female”) + 教皇 (kyōō, “high priest, hierophant”).


教皇

ja:教皇 (タロット)

ja-pos

教(きょう)皇(こう) • (Kyōkō) ^(←けうくわう (Keukwau)?)

教皇 (canonical)
Kyōkō (romanization)
Keukwau (romanization)
けうくわう (hiragana historical)

From 教 (kyō, “teaching; religion”) + 皇 (kō, ō, “emperor”).


運命の輪

運命の輪 (canonical)
Unmei no Wa (romanization)

運命 (unmei, “fortune”) + の (no, “of”) + 輪 (wa, “wheel”)


輪廻

輪廻 (canonical)
rinne (romanization)
rin'we (romanization)
りんゑ (hiragana historical)

貧は菩提の種富は輪廻の絆

hin wa bodai no tane tomi wa rinne no kizuna

/rinwe/ → /rinɰe/ → /rinːe/
From Middle Chinese 輪迴 (MC lwin hwoj, literally “wheel + revolve”), itself a translation of Sanskrit संसार (saṃsāra, literally “passing, wandering”).
The e reading for 廻 changes to ne as an instance of renjō (連声).

ja-renjo

(philosophy, religion, especially in Buddhism) samsara (endless cycle of life, death, and reincarnation); metempsychosis


月読

月読 (canonical)
月読 (canonical)
Tsukiyomi (romanization)

Shift from Old Japanese 月讀 (tukuyo₂mi₁), using the modern reading of 月 (tsuki, “moon”).

(Japanese mythology) short for 月読尊 (Tsukiyomi no mikoto): Tsukuyomi, the moon god in Shinto mythology

月読宮

Tsukiyomi-no-miya, a shrine to Tsukuyomi in the Miyajiri area of Ise, Mie Prefecture


セレーネー

ja-pos

セレーネー • (Serēnē)

(Greek mythology) The goddess of the Moon, Selene.


湯桶読み

湯桶読み (canonical)
yutōyomi (romanization)

Compound of 湯桶 (yutō, “a hot-water bucket or spouted container”) + 読み (yomi, “reading, pronunciation”). For the way in which the word 湯桶 is read with a kun'yomi for the first kanji and an on'yomi for the second kanji.

com

(linguistics) a reading pattern for a kanji-compound word, using the native Japanese kun'yomi for the first portion, and the Chinese-derived on'yomi for the second portion

using the Chinese-derived on'yomi for the first portion

and the native Japanese kun'yomi for the second portion


重箱読み

ja-noun

重(じゅう)箱(ばこ)読(よ)み • (jūbakoyomi) ^(←ぢゆうばこよみ (dyuubakoyomi)?)

重箱読み (canonical)
jūbakoyomi (romanization)
dyuubakoyomi (romanization)
ぢゆうばこよみ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 重箱 (jūbako, “tiered boxes”) + 読み (yomi, “reading, pronunciation”). For the way in which the word 重箱 is read with an on'yomi for the first kanji and a kun'yomi for the second kanji.

com

(linguistics) a reading pattern for kanji-compound words, using the Chinese-derived on'yomi for the first portion, and the native Japanese kun'yomi for the second portion

Daijirin Daijisen Kanji#Mixed_readings ja:松村明 ja:重箱読み

using the native Japanese kun'yomi for the first kanji

and the Chinese-derived on'yomi for the second kanji


座敷童

座敷童 (canonical)
zashiki warashi (romanization)

Compound of 座敷 (zashiki, “house; Japanese-style parlor”) + 童 (warashi, “child”).

compound

(Japanese mythology, Tōhoku) a kind of yōkai: a red-faced ghost or apparition of a child haunting an old house, generally not malevolent, and thought to bring good fortune to the house


部分冠詞

部分冠詞 (canonical)
bubunkanshi (romanization)

[bɯ̟bɯ̟ŋ kã̠ɰ̃ɕi]

From 部分 (bubun, “part”) + 冠詞 (kanshi, “article”).


須佐之男

ja-pos

須(す)佐(さ)之(の)男(お) or 須佐之男(スサノオ) • (Susanoo) ^(←すさのを (Susanowo)?)

須佐之男 (canonical)
須佐之男 (canonical)
Susanoo (romanization)
Susanowo (romanization)
すさのを (hiragana historical)

Uncertain, with many possible derivations. One of the more compelling explanations is that this is a compound of すさ (susa, “roughness, wildness”, root word unattested in isolation, but found in terms such as 凄まじい (susamajii, “terrible, dreadful”) or 荒む (susamu, “to be wild, to be savage”)) + の (no, possessive particle) + 男 (o, “man”). In this case, 須佐 (Susa) would be ateji (当て字).
Another theory is that this may be a compound of 須佐 (Susa, name of a place in Japan, where the god is supposed to have first touched earth) + の (no, possessive particle) + 男 (o, “man”).

lang

神道の本：八百万の神々がつどう秘教的祭祀の世界

神道の本：八百万の神々がつどう秘教的祭祀の世界

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) Susanoo, the Japanese god of storms


伊邪那岐

ja-pos

伊(い)邪(ざ)那(な)岐(ぎ) or 伊邪那岐(イザナギ) or 伊(い)邪(ざ)那(な)岐(き) or 伊邪那岐(イザナキ) • (Izanagi or Izanaki)

伊邪那岐 (canonical)
伊邪那岐 (canonical)
伊邪那岐 (canonical)
伊邪那岐 (canonical)
Izanagi (romanization)
Izanaki (romanization)

Uncertain. The pronunciation of the name shifted from Izanaki to Izanagi. The older Izanaki is still used as an alternative reading.
Possible etymologies
* Old Japanese いざ (iza, a beckoning interjection or call similar to hey and the root of verb 誘う (izanau, “to beckon, to call; to tempt”)) + な (na, Old Japanese possessive particle, superseded by の (no)) + き (ki, “male”, common element in Japanese male given names)
*: This theory dates to 1798 in the 古事記伝 (Kojiki-den, “Commentaries on the Kojiki”) by Motoori Norinaga, a scholar of ancient Japanese. This etymology would suggest that the name Izanagi meant something like “the (male) caller, the (male) beckoner”, perhaps in reference to Izanagi's calling forth of the islands of Japan from the sea.
* iza as alteration of isa from 功 (isao, “deed, exploit”) + な (na, Old Japanese possessive particle) + き (ki, “male”)
*: This dates to the 1954 book 神代史の新研究 (Jindaishi no Shin Kenkyū, “New Research into the Chronicles of the Age of Gods”) by Kurakichi Shiratori. A possible flaw is that isao derives from older adjectival form isawoshi, and further truncation from isao to isa might seem unlikely. However, isa is found as a root in other words such as 勇める (isameru, “to add power to: to encourage, to urge onwards”) or 鯨, 勇魚 (isana, “whale”, apparently isa “power” + na “fish”).
* izana as alteration of ishana in Buddhist term 伊舎那天 (Ishanaten, the ruler of the sixth heaven of the realm of cravings) + き (ki, “male”)
*: This theory is one of the older ones, dating to a text in 1339 by Kitabatake Chikafusa, the 神皇正統記 (Jinnō Shōtōki, “Chronicles of the Authentic Lineages of the Divine Emperors”). The ishana in Ishanaten is a borrowing from Sanskrit ईशान (īśāna, “lord, ruler”), which is suggestively also used in Sanskrit as an epithet for Vishnu, the Hindu god of creation and existence. A possible flaw is that it may be unlikely to use a borrowed Buddhist term for a native creation god. However, Buddhism arrived in Japan around 552 (possibly even centuries earlier), or at least some 160 years before the first mention of Izanagi, perhaps leaving time for borrowed words to gain acceptance.

com

(Japanese mythology) Izanagi, the Japanese creator god, and the father of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi and Susanoo


伊邪那美

ja-pos

伊(い)邪(ざ)那(な)美(み) or 伊邪那美(イザナミ) • (Izanami)

伊邪那美 (canonical)
伊邪那美 (canonical)
Izanami (romanization)

Appears to be of identical derivation as 伊邪那岐 (Izanagi), only replacing the last syllable き (ki, “male”, common element in Japanese male given names) with み (mi, “female”, common element in Japanese female given names). See the 伊邪那岐 entry for further details. The kanji are ateji (当て字).

(Japanese mythology) Izanami, the Japanese creator goddess, wife of Izanagi, and mother of Kagutsuchi


構文

(linguistics) structure, syntax of an expression


ルナ

(Roman mythology) The goddess of the Moon, Luna.


ディアーナ

ディアーナ • (Diāna)


双数

双数 (canonical)
sōsū (romanization)
sausuu (romanization)
さうすう (hiragana historical)


木花開耶姫

木花開耶姫(このはなのさくやひめ) or 木花開耶姫(このはなのさくやびめ) • (Konohananosakuya-Hime or Konohananosakuya-Bime)

木花開耶姫 (canonical)
木花開耶姫 (canonical)
Konohananosakuya-Hime (romanization)
Konohananosakuya-Bime (romanization)

From Old Japanese. Mentioned in the Kojiki of 712 and the Nihon Shoki of 720.
Compound of 木 (ko, “tree”, ancient combining form) + の (no, possessive particle) + 花 (hana, “flower”) + 咲く (saku, “to bloom”) + や (ya, unclear, possibly the ya used to form classical -na adjectives referring to the perception of a state) + 姫 (hime, “princess”).
Also encountered with a shifted reading, wherein the hime changes to bime as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) the goddess of Mount Fuji, the blossom-princess and symbol of delicate earthly life

Kojiki
Konohanasakuya-hime
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
ja:木花開耶姫


恵比須

ja-pos

恵(え)比(び)須(す) or 恵比須(ゑびす) • (Ebisu) ^(←えびす (Ebisu)?)

恵比須 (canonical)
恵比須 (canonical)
Ebisu (romanization)
えびす (hiragana historical)

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) Ebisu, the Japanese god of fishermen, commerce and merchants, and workingmen, as well as the guardian of the health and well-being of small children

福禄寿

the god of happiness, wealth and longevity

毘沙門, 毘沙門天

毘沙門天 びしゃもんてん

布袋

the fat and happy god of abundance and good health

弁才天

Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge, art, beauty, music, language, wisdom, poetry and rivers

吉祥天

the goddess of happiness, charm and beauty, of fertility, nature, and of human creativity, and the patronesses of joy, amusement and festivities

地蔵

bodhisattva who looks over children and travelers


濁る

ja-verb

濁(にご)る • (nigoru) intransitive godan (stem 濁(にご)り (nigori), past 濁(にご)った (nigotta))

濁る (canonical)
nigoru (romanization)
濁り (stem)
濁った (past)
濁ら
にごら
nigora
濁り
にごり
nigori
濁る
にごる
nigoru
濁れ
にごれ
nigore
濁られる (passive)
にごられる (passive)
nigorareru (passive)
濁らせる (causative)
濁らす (causative)
にごらせる (causative)
にごらす (causative)
nigoraseru (causative)
nigorasu (causative)
濁れる (potential)
にごれる (potential)
nigoreru (potential)
濁ろう (volitional)
にごろう (volitional)
nigorō (volitional)
濁らない (negative)
にごらない (negative)
nigoranai (negative)
濁らず (continuative negative)
にごらず (continuative negative)
nigorazu (continuative negative)
濁ります (formal)
にごります (formal)
nigorimasu (formal)
濁った (perfective)
にごった (perfective)
nigotta (perfective)
濁って (conjunctive)
にごって (conjunctive)
nigotte (conjunctive)
濁れば (conditional hypothetical)
にごれば (conditional hypothetical)
nigoreba (conditional hypothetical)

2007, 新時代日漢辭典 /新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局 /大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:

濁点のついた仮名は濁って読む


ムード

ja-noun

ムード • (mūdo)


述語

述語 (canonical)
述語 (canonical)
jutsugo (romanization)

[d͡ʑɨt͡sɨɡo̞]


修飾

ja-verb-suru

修(しゅう)飾(しょく)する • (shūshoku suru) ^(←しうしよく (siusyoku)?)transitive suru (stem 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)し (shūshoku shi), past 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)した (shūshoku shita))

修飾する (canonical)
shūshoku suru (romanization)
siusyoku (romanization)
修飾し (stem)
修飾した (past)
修飾し
しゅうしょくし
shūshoku shi
修飾する
しゅうしょくする
shūshoku suru
修飾すれ
しゅうしょくすれ
shūshoku sure
修飾せよ (imperative literary)
修飾しろ (colloquial imperative)
しゅうしょくせよ (imperative literary)
しゅうしょくしろ (colloquial imperative)
shūshoku seyo (imperative literary)
shūshoku shiro (colloquial imperative)
修飾される (passive)
しゅうしょくされる (passive)
shūshoku sareru (passive)
修飾させる (causative)
修飾さす (causative)
しゅうしょくさせる (causative)
しゅうしょくさす (causative)
shūshoku saseru (causative)
shūshoku sasu (causative)
修飾できる (potential)
しゅうしょくできる (potential)
shūshoku dekiru (potential)
修飾しよう (volitional)
しゅうしょくしよう (volitional)
shūshoku shiyō (volitional)
修飾しない (negative)
しゅうしょくしない (negative)
shūshoku shinai (negative)
修飾せず (continuative negative)
しゅうしょくせず (continuative negative)
shūshoku sezu (continuative negative)
修飾します (formal)
しゅうしょくします (formal)
shūshoku shimasu (formal)
修飾した (perfective)
しゅうしょくした (perfective)
shūshoku shita (perfective)
修飾して (conjunctive)
しゅうしょくして (conjunctive)
shūshoku shite (conjunctive)
修飾すれば (conditional hypothetical)
しゅうしょくすれば (conditional hypothetical)
shūshoku sureba (conditional hypothetical)


別天津神

ja-noun

別(こと)天(あま)津(つ)神(かみ) • (koto ama tsu kami)

別天津神 (canonical)
koto ama tsu kami (romanization)

Compound of 異 (koto, “different, separate”) + 天 (ama, “heaven”, ancient compounding reading) + つ (tsu, ancient possessive particle) + 神 (kami, “god, spirit”).
The use of 別 to spell koto is an example of semantic jukujikun (熟字訓). The use of 津 to spell the particle tsu is an example of phonetic ateji (当て字).

compound

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the collective name for the five gods that came into existence at the time of the creation of the universe


処女宮

ja-pos

処(しょ)女(じょ)宮(きゅう) • (Shojokyū) ^(←しよぢよきゆう (Syodyokyuu)?)

処女宮 (canonical)
Shojokyū (romanization)
Syodyokyuu (romanization)
しよぢよきゆう (hiragana historical)

[ɕo̞ʑo̞kʲɨː]

処女 (shojo, “virgin”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


内蔵

ja-noun

内(うち)蔵(くら) or 内(うち)蔵(ぐら) or 内(うちの)蔵(くら) • (uchikura or uchigura or uchi no kura)

内蔵 (canonical)
内蔵 (canonical)
内蔵 (canonical)
uchikura (romanization)
uchigura (romanization)
uchi no kura (romanization)

(history) a treasury of the imperial court


欠格

(grammar) abessive case (case used to express the lack of something)


絶対主義者

絶(ぜっ)対(たい)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)者(しゃ) • (zettai shugisha)

絶対主義者 (canonical)
zettai shugisha (romanization)

Compound of 絶対 (zettai, “absolute”) + 主義者 (shugisha, “-ist”), the latter a compound of 主義 (shugi, “principle, -ism”) + 者 (sha, “person”).

compound

(philosophy) an absolutist, an adherent of absolutism, as opposed to relativism


抽象名詞

ja-noun

抽(ちゅう)象(しょう)名(めい)詞(し) • (chūshō meishi) ^(←ちうしやうめいし (tiusyaumeisi)?)

抽象名詞 (canonical)
chūshō meishi (romanization)
tiusyaumeisi (romanization)
ちうしやうめいし (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕɨːɕo̞ː me̞ːɕi]

Compound of 抽象 (chūshō, “abstract”) + 名詞 (meishi, “noun”).

compound

(grammar) abstract noun (a noun that denotes an abstract concept)


ルート

ja-noun

ルート • (rūto)


適応

適応 (canonical)
tekiō (romanization)
tekiou (romanization)
てきおう (hiragana historical)

(psychology) adjustment, quality of a person adapted to some social environment


アイオロス

(Greek mythology) Aeolus (character in Greek mythology)


接辞

(linguistic morphology) an affix (a bound morpheme added to a word’s stem)


白羊宮

ja-pos

白(はく)羊(よう)宮(きゅう) • (Hakuyōkyū) ^(←はくやうきゆう (Fakuyaukyuu)?)

白羊宮 (canonical)
Hakuyōkyū (romanization)
Fakuyaukyuu (romanization)
はくやうきゆう (hiragana historical)

[ha̠kɯ̟jo̞ːkʲɨː]

白羊 (hakuyō, “white sheep”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


バンシー

From Irish bean sí (possibly via English banshee), from Old Irish ben síde (“woman of the fairy mound”).


後舌母音

後舌母音 (canonical)
atojita boin (romanization)

後舌(あとじた) (atojita, “tongue positioned relatively back”) + 母音(ぼいん) (boin, “vowel”).


後舌母音

後舌母音 (canonical)
kōzetsu boin (romanization)

後舌(こうぜつ) (kōzetsu, “tongue positioned relatively back”) + 母音(ぼいん) (boin, “vowel”).


双極性障害

ja-noun

そうきょくせい しょうがい

さうきやくせい しやうがい

双(そう)極(きょく)性(せい)障(しょう)害(がい) • (sōkyokusei shōgai) ^(←さうきやくせいしやうがい (saukyakusei syaugai)?)

双極性障害 (canonical)
sōkyokusei shōgai (romanization)
saukyakusei syaugai (romanization)
さうきやくせいしやうがい (hiragana historical)

そーきょくせーしょーがい

[so̞ːkʲo̞kɯ̟̊se̞ː ɕo̞ːɡa̠i]

双極性 (sōkyokusei, “bipolarity”) + 障害 (shōgai, “handicap”)

com

2010, 寺尾岳，後藤慎二郎，帆秋伸彦，王育梅，荒木康夫，河野健太郎, “双(そう)極(きょく)性(せい)障(しょう)害(がい)の診(しん)断(だん)と治(ち)療(りょう) [The diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder]”, in 精(せい)神(しん)神(しん)経(けい)学(がく)雑(ざっ)誌(し) [Psychiatria et Neurologia Japonica], volume 112, number 12, archived from the original on 2019-08-21, page 1261:

As the concept of bipolar disorder continues to evolve, the presence of manic elements in depression has been observed.

双極性障害の概念が広がるにつれて，うつ病の中にも躁的因子を有するものが存在することが注目されている。

Sōkyokusei shōgai no gainen ga hirogaru ni tsurete, utsubyō no naka ni mo sō-teki inshi o yūsuru mono ga sonzai suru koto ga chūmokusarete iru.

(psychiatry) bipolar disorder; manic depression


青銅器時代

ja-pos

青(せい)銅(どう)器(き)時(じ)代(だい) • (Seidōki Jidai)

青銅器時代 (canonical)
Seidōki Jidai (romanization)

From 青(せい)銅(どう)器(き) (seidōki, “bronzeware”) + 時(じ)代(だい) (jidai, “age”).


東ローマ帝国

ja-pos

ひがし ローマ ていこく

東(ひがし)ローマ帝(てい)国(こく) • (Higashi Rōma Teikoku)

東ローマ帝国 (canonical)
Higashi Rōma Teikoku (romanization)

From 東 (higashi, “east”) + ローマ帝国 (Rōma Teikoku, “Roman Empire”).


巨蟹宮

巨蟹宮 (canonical)
Kyokaikyū (romanization)

巨 (kyo, “giant”) + 蟹 (kai, “crab”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


同根語

[do̞ːkõ̞ŋɡo̞]

Compound of 同根 (dōkon, “cognate; sibling”, literally “same + root”) + 語 (go, “word”).


認知的不協和

ja-noun

認(にん)知(ち)的(てき)不(ふ)協(きょう)和(わ) • (ninchitekifukyōwa)

認知的不協和 (canonical)
ninchitekifukyōwa (romanization)

cognitive dissonance
cognitive dissonance


天津麻羅

ja-pos

天(あま)津(つ)麻(ま)羅(ら) or 天津麻羅(アマツマラ) • (Amatsumara)

天津麻羅 (canonical)
天津麻羅 (canonical)
Amatsumara (romanization)

Phrase consisting of 天 (ama, “heaven”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + まら (mara). The 津 is ateji. The mara portion is of unknown origin, but theories include:
* Alteration from 目占 (meura, “eye divination”), suggesting one-eyed, from how a smith will visually check the temperature of the working metal by looking at it with one eye, or possibly from the way that many smiths lose an eye in the course of their work.
* From a Mongolian word mara meaning iron.
* From Sanskrit-derived Buddhist term 摩羅 (mara, “penis”), by metaphor for a smith's hammer.
The second theory is problematic, as there does not appear to be any Mongolian term with a pronunciation similar to mara that means iron, or even steel or metal or smith. The third theory is problematic as the Buddhist term came into Japanese later than the formative period for myths naming Amatsumara. Thus, if the first theory is accepted as the most likely, Amatsumara is likely the same god as 天目一個 (Amanomahitotsu, literally “heaven's one-eyed”).

compound

(Japanese mythology) Amatsumara, the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing

天目一箇

天目一箇 あまのまひとつ


鍛冶神

Compound of 鍛冶 (kaji, “forge”) + 神 (shin, “god”).

(Japanese mythology) Kajishin, the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing


貴族院

ja-pos

貴(き)族(ぞく)院(いん) • (Kizokuin) ^(←きぞくゐん (Kizokwin)?)

貴族院 (canonical)
Kizokuin (romanization)
Kizokwin (romanization)
きぞくゐん (hiragana historical)

From 貴族 (kizoku, “noble”) + 院 (-in, “institution”, from 議院 (giin, “parliamentary chamber”)).

suf

from <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">議院</i> (giin, “parliamentary chamber”)

(history) the House of Peers (upper house of Japan's Imperial Diet)

(history) the Chamber of Peers (upper house of France's Parliament)


迦具土

ja-pos

迦(か)具(ぐ)土(つち) or 迦具土(カグツチ) • (Kagutsuchi)

迦具土 (canonical)
迦具土 (canonical)
Kagutsuchi (romanization)

[ka̠ɡɯ̟t͡sɨ̥t͡ɕi]

Originally an Old Japanese compound of かぐ (kagu, obsolete verb root meaning “to shine, to sparkle”, seen in modern verbs 耀う kagayou, 輝く kagayaku “to shine, to sparkle”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + ち (chi, “power, life force”, found as root component in terms 命 inochi “life”, 力 chikara “power, strength”). The kanji are ateji (当て字).

com

(Japanese mythology) Kagutsuchi (the fire god, who, when he was born, burnt his mother 伊弉冉 (Izanami)'s genitals, injured her, caused her to spontaneously birth more gods from her vomit, and eventually killed her, which then caused him to be killed by his father 伊弉諾 (Izanagi))


薬師如来

ja-pos

薬(やく)師(し)如(にょ)来(らい) or 薬師如来(ヤクシニョライ) • (Yakushi Nyorai)

薬師如来 (canonical)
薬師如来 (canonical)
Yakushi Nyorai (romanization)

(mythology, Buddhism) Yakushi Nyorai, the Japanese name for Bhaiṣajyaguru, the Buddha of medicine


八幡

(Shinto mythology) short for 八幡神 (Hachimanjin): the Japanese god of archery and tutelary deity to samurai


木花咲耶姫

木花咲耶姫(このはなのさくやひめ) or 木花咲耶姫(コノハナノサクヤヒメ) • (Konohananosakuya-Hime)

木花咲耶姫 (canonical)
木花咲耶姫 (canonical)
Konohananosakuya-Hime (romanization)

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the goddess of Mount Fuji, the blossom-princess and symbol of delicate earthly life


続編

[d͡zo̞kɯ̟̊hẽ̞ɴ]


家老

(history) a major retainer or vassal of a samurai clan


パス

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:松村明


パス

ja-verb-suru

パスする • (pasu suru) suru (stem パスし (pasu shi), past パスした (pasu shita))

パスする (canonical)
pasu suru (romanization)
パスし (stem)
パスした (past)
パスし
pasu shi
パスする
pasu suru
パスすれ
pasu sure
パスせよ (imperative literary)
パスしろ (colloquial imperative)
pasu seyo (imperative literary)
pasu shiro (colloquial imperative)
パスされる (passive)
pasu sareru (passive)
パスさせる (causative)
パスさす (causative)
pasu saseru (causative)
pasu sasu (causative)
パスできる (potential)
pasu dekiru (potential)
パスしよう (volitional)
pasu shiyō (volitional)
パスしない (negative)
pasu shinai (negative)
パスせず (continuative negative)
pasu sezu (continuative negative)
パスします (formal)
pasu shimasu (formal)
パスした (perfective)
pasu shita (perfective)
パスして (conjunctive)
pasu shite (conjunctive)
パスすれば (conditional hypothetical)
pasu sureba (conditional hypothetical)


抗争

抗争 (canonical)
kōsō (romanization)
kausau (romanization)
かうさう (hiragana historical)


ラーオコオーン

ja-pos

ラーオコオーン • (Rāokoōn)

[ɾa̠ːo̞ko̞õ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Λαοκόων (Laokóōn)


国体

→ English: kokutai

→ Russian: кокута́й (kokutáj)

1925 April 22, 治安維持法 [Peace Preservation Law]:

Article 1: A person who has formed an association for the purpose of changing the national polity or denying the system of private property, and a person who has knowingly participated in it, shall be punished with imprisonment with or without work for no more than ten years.

第一條 國體ヲ變革シ又ハ私有財產制度ヲ否認スルコトヲ目的トシテ結社ヲ組織シ又ハ情ヲ知リテ之ニ加入シタル者ハ十年以下ノ懲役又ハ禁錮ニ處ス

Dai-ichi-jō Kokutai o henkaku shi mata wa shiyū zaisan seido o hinin suru koto o mokuteki to shite kessha o soshiki shi mata wa jō o shirite kore ni kanyū shitaru mono wa jū-nen ika no chōeki mata wa kinko ni shosu

(politics, philosophy, chiefly historical) kokutai (the national essence and character of Japan viewed as conforming to Shinto-Confucian ideals, with the emperor as its ethical, spiritual, cultural and political center)


ガイア

(Greek mythology) Gaia/Gaea, the Greek goddess of the earth.


天目一箇

ja-pos

天目一箇(あまのまひとつ) or 天目一箇(アマノマヒトツ) • (Amanomahitotsu)

天目一箇 (canonical)
天目一箇 (canonical)
Amanomahitotsu (romanization)

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing


結びの神

結びの神 (canonical)
Musubi no Kami (romanization)

Originally 産霊 (musuhi, “motive force, life force”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 神 (kami, “god, spirit”). The musuhi portion is itself a compound of 産す (musu, “to happen, to develop, to grow”) + 霊 (hi, “mystical power”).
Musuhi no Kami is one of the kami of creation, responsible for producing heaven and earth and all things. The musuhi (“mystic power of growth”) eventually changed into musubi (“tying together”). The 結び spelling for this portion is an example of ateji. In popular culture, this kami is now responsible for romantic matchmaking.

compound

⇒ 産霊の神 (Musuhi no Kami)

(Japanese mythology, Shinto): one of the Japanese gods of creation


数論

数論 (canonical)
sūron (romanization)
すろん (alternative hiragana)
suron (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)

数 (sū; su, “number”) + 論 (-ron, “theory”)

suf

サーンキヤ サーンキヤ#Japanese

(Hinduism, philosophy) synonym of サーンキヤ (Sānkya, “Samkhya”)


西遊記

ja-pos

西(さい)遊(ゆう)記(き) • (Saiyūki) ^(←さいいうき (Saiiuki)?)

西遊記 (canonical)
Saiyūki (romanization)
Saiiuki (romanization)
さいいうき (hiragana historical)


音引き

(lexicography) phonetic collocation, ordering by pronunciation


月桂

(Chinese mythology) the laurel tree that grows on the moon


中書省

中書省 (canonical)
Chūshoshō (romanization)

(history, government) the Central Secretariat


真理値

真理値 (canonical)
shinrichi (romanization)


多音字

[ta̠õ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑi]

(linguistics) character with two or more readings, heteronym


金牛宮

金(きん)牛(ぎゅう)宮(きゅう) • (Kingyūkyū) ^(←きんぎうきゆう (Kingiukyuu)?)

金牛宮 (canonical)
Kingyūkyū (romanization)
Kingiukyuu (romanization)
きんぎうきゆう (hiragana historical)

[kʲĩŋʲɡʲɨːkʲɨː]

金 (kin, “gold”) + 牛 (gyū, “ox”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


拓本

(epigraphy) squeeze (an impression of an inscription)


化け猫

Compound of 化け (bake, “transformation, taking the form of; monster”, stem of verb 化ける (bakeru, “to transform, to change into something else”)) + 猫 (neko, “cat”).

compound

stem of verb <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">化ける</i> (bakeru, “to transform, to change into something else”)

In Japanese folklore, this entity was believed to be a magical cat, sometimes capable of transforming itself into a person or various other forms.

(Japanese mythology) a monster cat; a goblin cat; a cat with magical powers


接中辞

[se̞t̚t͡ɕɨːʑi]


こそあど

こそあど (canonical)
コソアド (canonical)
kosoado (romanization)

From こ (ko) + そ (so) + あ (a) + ど (do), the initial kana of each series of demonstratives; see below.


流音

流音 (canonical)
ryūon (romanization)
riuon (romanization)
りうおん (hiragana historical)


大国主命

ja-pos

^おおくにぬし-の-みこと

大国主命 (canonical)
Ōkuninushi-no-mikoto (romanization)

(mythology, religion, Shinto): A kami of nation-building, farming, business, and medicine, as well as love and good matches. His wife is Suseri-hime, the daughter of Susanoo.


年神

(mythology, Shinto): the kami associated with a new year


三宝荒神

三(さん)宝(ぼう)荒(こう)神(じん) • (Sanbō Kōjin) ^(←さんぼうくわうじん (Sanboukwauzin)?)

三宝荒神 (canonical)
Sanbō Kōjin (romanization)
Sanboukwauzin (romanization)
さんぼうくわうじん (hiragana historical)

[sã̠mbo̞ː ko̞ːʑĩɴ]

(Japanese mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of fire, the hearth, and the kitchen


大国主

大(おお)国(くに)主(ぬし) • (Ōkuninushi) ^(←おほくにぬし (Ofokuninusi)?)

大国主 (canonical)
Ōkuninushi (romanization)
Ofokuninusi (romanization)
おほくにぬし (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːkɯ̟ɲ̟inɯ̟ɕi]

Compound of 大 (ō, “great, grand”) + 国 (kuni, “country, nation”) + 主 (nushi, “lord; spirit or kami in charge of something”).

compound

(Shinto, mythology, Japanese mythology) a kami of nation-building, agriculture, medicine, and protective magic


隠身

ja-noun

隠身(かくりみ) or 隠身(かくれみ) • (kakurimi or kakuremi)

隠身 (canonical)
隠身 (canonical)
kakurimi (romanization)
kakuremi (romanization)

(mythology, Shinto) hidden form, invisible form; metaphysical form (of a deity)


水子

水(みず)子(こ) or 水子(みずご) • (mizuko or mizugo) ^(←みづこ (miduko)?)

水子 (canonical)
水子 (canonical)
mizuko (romanization)
mizugo (romanization)
miduko (romanization)
みづこ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 水(みず) (mizu, “water”) + 子(こ) (ko, “child”), originally having a meaning of "young child" (cf. 瑞(みず)瑞(みず)しい (mizumizushii, “fresh and young”)).
The sense as "an aborted or miscarried fetus" is derived from 水(すい)子(じ) (suiji), an alternative reading of this word, an 位(い)号(ごう) (igō, last part of the 戒(かい)名(みょう) (kaimyō, “posthumous Buddhist name”)) which is given to those who were stillborn fetuses or dead infants.

ja-r

其の家に一人の若子有て、庭に腹這けるを、其の時に、鷲、空を飛て渡ける間に、此の若子の庭に腹這を見て、飛落て爴取て、空に昇て、遥に東を指て飛び去にけり。

Sono ie ni hitori no mizuko arite, niwa ni harabaikeru o, sono toki ni, washi, sora o tobite watarikeru ma ni, kono mizuko no niwa ni harabai o mite, tobi-ochite tsukami-torite, sora ni noborite, haruka ni higashi o sashite tobi-inikeri.

There was a newborn baby in that house, crawling in the garden, and then an eagle flying over the sky looked the newborn baby crawling in the garden, flew down and grabbed it, rose into the sky and flew away in the direction of the far east.

(archaic, now rare, etymology) a newborn baby


去声

ja-noun

去(きょ)声(しょう) or 去(きょ)声(せい) • (kyoshō or kyosei)

去声 (canonical)
去声 (canonical)
kyoshō (romanization)
kyosei (romanization)

(Chinese phonetics) the departing tone (one of the 仄声 (sokusei, “oblique tones”) among the 四声 (shisei, “four tones”) of Middle Chinese)


上声

上(じょう)声(しょう) or 上(じょう)声(せい) • (jōshō or jōsei) ^(←じやうしやう (zyausyau) or じやうせい (zyausei)?)

上声 (canonical)
上声 (canonical)
jōshō (romanization)
jōsei (romanization)
zyausyau (romanization)
zyausei (romanization)
じやうしやう (hiragana historical)
じやうせい (hiragana historical)

(Chinese phonetics) the rising tone (one of the 仄声 (sokusei, “oblique tones”) among the 四声 (shisei, “four tones”) of Middle Chinese)


伏羲

ja-pos

伏(ふっ)羲(き) or 伏(ふく)羲(ぎ) • (Fukki or Fukugi) ^(←ふくき (Fukuki)?)

伏羲 (canonical)
伏羲 (canonical)
Fukki (romanization)
Fukugi (romanization)
Fukuki (romanization)
ふくき (hiragana historical)

2000 November 2, Ryū Fujisaki, “第(だい)190(ひゃくきゅうじゅう)回(かい) 歴(れき)史(し)の道(みち)標(しるべ)十(じゅう)六(ろく)—伏(ふっ)羲(き)— [Chapter 190: History’s Guidepost Sixteen: Fuxi]”, in 封(ほう)神(しん)演(えん)義(ぎ) [Investiture of the Gods], volume 22 (fiction; paperback), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 85:

My name is Fuxi!! And I am the first human!!!

我が名は伏羲‼始まりの人が一人である!!!

Waga na wa Fukki‼ Hajimari no hito ga hitori de aru!!!


詞句

詞句 (canonical)
shiku (romanization)
siku (romanization)
しく (hiragana historical)

後置詞句


連声

ja-noun

連(れん)声(じょう) • (renjō) ^(←れんじやう (renzyau)?)

連声 (canonical)
renjō (romanization)
renzyau (romanization)
れんじやう (hiragana historical)

[ɾẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ː]

Compound of 連 (ren, “connect”) and 声 (shō, “voice”). The shō changes to jō as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

(linguistics) a morphological change of an initial syllable of the second kanji under the influence of the historical coda of the first kanji in a word, such as 天皇, whose pronunciation is not *ten’ō but tennō.


チンギス・カン

From Mongolian ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ
ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (činggis qaɣan).

bor

ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ


神山

(mythology) mountain in which the god lives


非口腔音化

非口腔音化 (canonical)
hikōkōonka (romanization)

[çiko̞ːko̞ːõ̞ŋka̠]


限定詞

限定詞 (canonical)
genteishi (romanization)

[ɡẽ̞nte̞ːɕi]


ポーランド記法

ポーランド記法 (canonical)
pōrandokihō (romanization)

ポーランド (Pōrando, “Poland”) + 記法 (kihō, “notation”)

compound

中置記法

中置記法 ちゅうちきほう


真理値表

真理値表 (canonical)
shinrichihyō (romanization)

真理値 (shinrichi, “truth value”) + 表 (hyō, “table”)


オレイアス

[o̞ɾe̞ːa̠sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὀρειάς (Oreiás).

lbor

(Greek mythology) and oread, a mountain nymph and companion of Artemis


魔法使い

ja-noun

魔(ま)法(ほう)使(つか)い • (mahōtsukai) ^(←まはふつかひ (mafafutukafi)?)

魔法使い (canonical)
mahōtsukai (romanization)
mafafutukafi (romanization)
まはふつかひ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 魔(ま)法(ほう) (mahō, “magic”) + 使(つか)い (tsukai, “user”).

ja-compound

オズの魔法使い

1999 February 4, “ブラック・マジシャン [Black Magician]”, in Vol.1, Konami:

A magician with the ultimate attack and defense strength.

魔法使いとしては、攻撃力・守備力ともに最高クラス。

Mahōtsukai toshite wa, kōgekiryoku shubiryoku tomo ni saikō kurasu.

1999 July 5, “ラムーン [LaMoon]”, in BOOSTER 3, Konami:

A magician who lives on the moon. She enchants opponents with magical power harnessed from the moon.

月に住む魔法使い。月の持つ魔力で相手を魅了する。

Tsuki ni sumu mahōtsukai. Tsuki no motsu maryoku de aite o miryō suru.

(fantasy, occult) a magic user, such as a magician, a wizard, a sorcerer, a mage, etc.


炎帝

(Chinese mythology) the Yan Emperor, also known as 神農 (Shinnō, “Shennong”), a legendary Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic times


刑天

(Chinese mythology) Xingtian, the deity who fights against the Supreme Divinity and does not give up even after being decapitated


コンプレックス

[kõ̞mpɯ̟ɾe̞k̚kɯ̟̊sɨ]

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:コンプレックス
ja:松村明

マザーコンプレックス

ロリータ・コンプレックス


自立語

自立語 (canonical)
jiritsugo (romanization)

[d͡ʑiɾʲit͡sɨɡo̞]

自立 (“autonomous”) + 語 (“morpheme; expression”)

suf

(grammar) an autonomous/independent/free morpheme or word in Japanese, marked by its independence from other words and its distinct pitch accent


顫動音

[sẽ̞ndo̞ːõ̞ɴ]

顫動音は、實は摩擦音の一種である。空氣が口腔の一狹窄門を通過する際に、局部に著しい顫動を生ずるによつて發する音である。ラ行音が之に屬する。卽ちラ行音は、聲帶の顫動に成りたる聲が、懸壅垂を刺戟して、之を振動し、一の顫音を生ずるのである。此顫音が、更に舌頭と口蓋との狹窄門に摩擦せられて、ラ行音は成り立つものである。

1902, Hirano, Hidekichi, “第一節 父音の分類 [Section 1: Types of Consonants]”, in 國語聲音學 [The Phonetics of the National Language], 國光社, pages 78–79:

Trills are actually a type of fricatives. They are caused by significant vibrations at places of articulation where air passes through a constriction in the oral cavity. The sounds of the ra-row are trills. Specifically for the ra-row, phonation starts with vibrations at the vocal folds, then stimulates the uvula and shakes it, making a vibrating sound. This sound further undergoes friction at the constriction formed by the blade of the tongue and the palate, resulting in a sound of the ra-row.

Sendōon wa, jitsu wa masatsuon no isshu de aru. Kūki ga kōkō no ichikyōsakumon o tsūka suru sai ni, kyokubu ni ichijirushii sendō o shōzuru ni yotte hassuru on de aru. Ragyōon ga kore ni zokusuru. Sunawachi ragyōon wa, seitai no sendō ni nari taru koe ga, ken'yōsui o shigeki shite, kore o shindō shi, ichi no sen'on o shōzuru no de aru. Kono sen'on ga, sara ni zettō to kōgai to no kyōsakumon ni masatsu serarete, ragyōon wa naritatsu mono de aru.

(phonetics) synonym of 震え音 (furueon, “trill”)


震え音

ja-noun

震(ふる)え音(おん) • (furueon) ^(←ふるへおん (furufeon)?)

震え音 (canonical)
furueon (romanization)
furufeon (romanization)
ふるへおん (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟ɾɯ̟e̞õ̞ɴ]

suf

<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">震える</i> (“to vibrate”)


石器時代

ja-pos

石(せっ)器(き)時(じ)代(だい) • (Sekki Jidai) ^(←せききじだい (Sekikizidai)?)

石器時代 (canonical)
Sekki Jidai (romanization)
Sekikizidai (romanization)
せききじだい (hiragana historical)

石器 (sekki, “stoneware”) + 時代 (jidai, “age”)


四声

ja-noun

四(し)声(せい) or 四(し)声(しょう) • (shisei or shishō)

四声 (canonical)
四声 (canonical)
shisei (romanization)
shishō (romanization)

(Chinese phonetics, of Middle Chinese) the four tones


働き詞

働き詞 (canonical)
hataraki kotoba (romanization)

Compound of 働き (hataraki, “working, functioning”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 働く hataraku、 “to work, to function”) + 詞 (kotoba, “word”).

compound

(archaic, grammar) any word that declines or conjugates

(archaic, grammar) more specifically, a verb


誤謬

誤謬 (canonical)
gobyū (romanization)
gobiu (romanization)
ごびう (hiragana historical)


尾閭

(Chinese mythology) a hole that is said to be located at the bottom of the ocean where all water is endlessly leaking away without ever being exhausted.


詠嘆

(grammar) The use of particles or jodōshi to show an admirative tone


大山祇

ja-pos

大山祇(おおやまつみ) • (Ōyamatsumi) ^(←おほやまつみ (Ofoyamatumi)?)

大山祇 (canonical)
Ōyamatsumi (romanization)
Ofoyamatumi (romanization)
おほやまつみ (hiragana historical)

Originally a compound of 大 (ō, “great”) + 山 (yama, “mountain”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 神 (mi, “god, spirit”).

compound

(mythology, Shinto, Japanese mythology) the kami of the mountains, brother of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi, and Susanoo

大山積命

大山積命 おおやまつみのみこと

大山積神

大山積神 おおやまつみのかみ


音便

(Japanese phonology and phonetics) euphony (sound change)

Japanese grammar#Euphonic changes (音便, onbin)


真善美

真善美 (canonical)
shinzenbi (romanization)

真善美の追求

the pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty

(philosophy, art) truth, goodness and beauty; the true, the good and the beautiful (the ultimate goal of any academic, moralistic or artistic pursuit)


修飾語

ja-noun

修(しゅう)飾(しょく)語(ご) • (shūshokugo) ^(←しうしよくご (siusyokugo)?)

修飾語 (canonical)
shūshokugo (romanization)
siusyokugo (romanization)
しうしよくご (hiragana historical)

[ɕɨːɕo̞kɯ̟ɡo̞]

Compound of 修(しゅう)飾(しょく) (shūshoku, “to modify”) + 語(ご) (-go, “word; expression”).


トークン

ja-noun

トークン • (tōkun)

(philosophy) a token (particular thing to which a concept applies)


八岐大蛇

ja-pos

八岐大蛇(やまたのおろち) or 八岐大蛇(ヤマタノオロチ) • (Yamata no Orochi) ^(←やまたのをろち (Yamatanoworoti) or ヤマタノヲロチ (Yamatanoworoti)?)

八岐大蛇 (canonical)
八岐大蛇 (canonical)
Yamatanoworoti (romanization)
やまたのをろち (hiragana historical)
ヤマタノヲロチ (hiragana historical)

From 八(や) (ya, “eight”) + 股(また) (mata, “crotch, branch, fork”) + 大蛇(おろち) (orochi, “python, large snake”). 岐 and 大蛇(おろち) (orochi) are jukujikun (熟字訓); see the latter for more.

ja-compound

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Yamata no Orochi, a legendary dragon that was slain by Susanoo


双児宮

ja-pos

双(そう)児(じ)宮(きゅう) • (Sōjikyū) ^(←さうじきゆう (Sauzikyuu)?)

双児宮 (canonical)
Sōjikyū (romanization)
Sauzikyuu (romanization)
さうじきゆう (hiragana historical)

双児 (sōji, “twins”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


双子宮

ja-pos

双(そう)子(し)宮(きゅう) • (Sōshikyū) ^(←さうしきゆう (Sausikyuu)?)

双子宮 (canonical)
Sōshikyū (romanization)
Sausikyuu (romanization)
さうしきゆう (hiragana historical)

[so̞ːɕi̥kʲɨː]

双子 (sōshi, “twins”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)

suf

(astrology) synonym of 双児宮 (Sōjikyū, “Gemini”)


獅子宮

獅子宮 (canonical)
Shishikyū (romanization)

獅子 (shishi, “lion”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


天秤宮

天秤宮 (canonical)
Tenbinkyū (romanization)

[tẽ̞mbʲĩŋʲkʲɨː]

天秤 (tenbin, “scale”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


天蝎宮

天蝎宮 (canonical)
Tenkatsukyū (romanization)

[tẽ̞ŋka̠t͡sɨ̥kʲɨː]

天 (ten, “sky”) + 蝎 (katsu, “scorpion”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


人馬宮

[d͡ʑĩmba̠kʲɨː]

人馬 (jinba, “centaur”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


磨羯宮

ja-pos

磨(ま)羯(かつ)宮(きゅう) • (Makatsukyū) ^(←まかつきゆう (Makatukyuu)?)

磨羯宮 (canonical)
Makatsukyū (romanization)
Makatukyuu (romanization)
まかつきゆう (hiragana historical)


宝瓶宮

[ho̞ːhe̞ːkʲɨː]

宝 (hō, “precious”) + 瓶 (hei, “jar”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


双魚宮

ja-pos

双(そう)魚(ぎょ)宮(きゅう) • (Sōgyokyū) ^(←さうぎよきゆう (Saugyokyuu)?)

双魚宮 (canonical)
Sōgyokyū (romanization)
Saugyokyuu (romanization)
さうぎよきゆう (hiragana historical)

[so̞ːɡʲo̞kʲɨː]

双 (sōgyo, “twin”) + 魚 (gyo, “fish”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


歯擦音

歯擦音 (canonical)
shisatsuon (romanization)

[ɕisa̠t͡sɨõ̞ɴ]

歯 (shi, “tooth”) + 擦音 (satsuon, “fricative”)


接近音

接近音 (canonical)
sekkin'on (romanization)


側面音

側面音 (canonical)
sokumen'on (romanization)

[so̞kɯ̟mẽ̞ɰ̃õ̞ɴ]


入破音

ja-noun

入(にゅう)破(は)音(おん) • (nyūhaon) ^(←にふはおん (nifufaon)?)

入破音 (canonical)
nyūhaon (romanization)
nifufaon (romanization)
にふはおん (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟ɨːha̠õ̞ɴ]


吸着音

吸(きゅう)着(ちゃく)音(おん) • (kyūchakuon) ^(←きふちやくおん (kifutyakuon)?)

吸着音 (canonical)
kyūchakuon (romanization)
kifutyakuon (romanization)
きふちやくおん (hiragana historical)

[kʲɨːt͡ɕa̠kɯ̟õ̞ɴ]


放出音

放(ほう)出(しゅつ)音(おん) • (hōshutsuon) ^(←はうしゆつおん (fausyutuon)?)

放出音 (canonical)
hōshutsuon (romanization)
fausyutuon (romanization)
はうしゆつおん (hiragana historical)

[ho̞ːɕɨt͡sɨõ̞ɴ]


前舌母音

前(まえ)舌(じた)母(ぼ)音(いん) • (maejita boin) ^(←まへじたぼいん (mafezitaboin)?)

前舌母音 (canonical)
maejita boin (romanization)
mafezitaboin (romanization)
まへじたぼいん (hiragana historical)


前舌母音

前舌母音 (canonical)
zenzetsu boin (romanization)


唇歯音

唇歯音 (canonical)
shinshion (romanization)


舌唇音

舌(ぜっ)唇(しん)音(おん) • (zesshin'on) ^(←ぜつしんおん (zetusin'on)?)

舌唇音 (canonical)
zesshin'on (romanization)
zetusin'on (romanization)
ぜつしんおん (hiragana historical)


舌頂音

舌(ぜっ)頂(ちょう)音(おん) • (zetchōon) ^(←ぜつちやうおん (zetutyauon)?)

舌頂音 (canonical)
zetchōon (romanization)
zetutyauon (romanization)
ぜつちやうおん (hiragana historical)


歯茎音

[ha̠ɡɯ̟kʲiõ̞ɴ]

From 歯(は)茎(ぐき) (haguki, “gingiva; gums”) + 音(おん) (on, “sound”).


歯茎音

From 歯(し)茎(けい) (shikei, “gingiva; gums”) + 音(おん) (on, “sound”).


反り舌音

反り舌音 (canonical)
sorijitaon (romanization)

[so̞ɾʲiʑita̠õ̞ɴ]


硬口蓋音

ja-noun

硬(こう)口(こう)蓋(がい)音(おん) • (kōkōgaion) ^(←かうこうがいおん (kaukougaion)?)

硬口蓋音 (canonical)
kōkōgaion (romanization)
kaukougaion (romanization)
かうこうがいおん (hiragana historical)

[ko̞ːko̞ːɡa̠iõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 硬(こう)口(こう)蓋(がい) (kōkōgai, “hard palate”) + 音(おん) (on, “sound”).


舌背音

ja-noun

舌(ぜっ)背(ぱい)音(おん) • (zeppaion) ^(←ぜつぱいおん (zetupaion)?)

舌背音 (canonical)
zeppaion (romanization)
zetupaion (romanization)
ぜつぱいおん (hiragana historical)


口蓋垂音

口蓋垂音 (canonical)
kōgaisuion (romanization)

[ko̞ːɡa̠isɨiõ̞ɴ]

From 口(こう)蓋(がい)垂(すい) (kōgaisui, “palatine uvula”) + 音(おん) (on, “sound”).


咽頭音

From 咽頭(いんとう) (intō, “pharynx”) + 音(おん) (on, “sound”).


声門音

声門音 (canonical)
seimon'on (romanization)

[se̞ːmõ̞ɰ̃õ̞ɴ]

声門破裂音

声門破裂音 せいもんはれつおん


声門破裂音

ja-noun

声(せい)門(もん)破(は)裂(れつ)音(おん) • (seimon haretsuon)

声門破裂音 (canonical)
seimon haretsuon (romanization)


中舌母音

中舌母音 (canonical)
nakajita boin (romanization)


中舌母音

中(ちゅう)舌(ぜつ)母(ぼ)音(いん) • (chūzetsu boin) ^(←ちゆうぜつぼいん (tyuuzetuboin)?)

中舌母音 (canonical)
chūzetsu boin (romanization)
tyuuzetuboin (romanization)
ちゆうぜつぼいん (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕɨːze̞t͡sɨbo̞ĩɴ]


通史

通史 (canonical)
tsūshi (romanization)
tuusi (romanization)
つうし (hiragana historical)


形態論

形態論 (canonical)
keitairon (romanization)

[ke̞ːta̠iɾõ̞ɴ]


記号学

記(き)号(ごう)学(がく) • (kigōgaku) ^(←きがうがく (kigaugaku)?)

記号学 (canonical)
kigōgaku (romanization)
kigaugaku (romanization)
きがうがく (hiragana historical)

[kʲiɡo̞ːɡa̠kɯ̟]


南北朝

南北朝 (canonical)
Nanbokuchō (romanization)

[nã̠mbo̞kɯ̟̊t͡ɕo̞ː]

南北朝時代

the Northern and Southern dynasties period

(history, of China) the Northern and Southern dynasties

南北朝時代

(history, of Japan) the Northern and Southern Courts

南北朝時代

the Southern and Northern dynasties period

(history, of Vietnam) the Southern and Northern dynasties


レーニン主義

レーニン主義 (canonical)
Rēnin shugi (romanization)

[ɾe̞ːɲ̟iɰ̃ ɕɨɡʲi]

レーニン (Rēnin, “Lenin”) + 主義 (shugi, “ism”)


オシリス

(Egyptian mythology) Osiris (the Egyptian god of the dead and of the underworld)


方言学

ja-noun

方(ほう)言(げん)学(がく) • (hōgengaku) ^(←はうげんがく (faugengaku)?)

方言学 (canonical)
hōgengaku (romanization)
faugengaku (romanization)
はうげんがく (hiragana historical)

[ho̞ːɡẽ̞ŋɡa̠kɯ̟]

方言 (hōgen, “dialect”) + 学 (-gaku, “-graphy; -logy”)


東江

(history) a village in Kaizu district, Gifu Prefecture, Japan


語義

語義 (canonical)
gogi (romanization)
ごぎ (hiragana historical)

(linguistics) sense, meaning of words; semantics


法幣

ja-noun

法(ほう)幣(へい) • (hōhei) ^(←はふへい (fafufei)?)

法幣 (canonical)
hōhei (romanization)
fafufei (romanization)
はふへい (hiragana historical)

(Chinese history) fabi, paper currency issued by Nationalist China between 1935 and 1948


疑問文

[ɡʲimõ̞mbɯ̟̃ɴ]

(grammar) interrogative sentence; question


リエゾン

Daijirin
Daijisen
Liaison (French)
ja:リエゾン
ja:松村明

連音

note: this term includes a broader range of meanings than リエゾン

(linguistics) liaison: the pronunciation of a word-final consonant due to a following vowel sound in French


音位転換

音(おん)位(い)転(てん)換(かん) • (on'itenkan) ^(←おんゐてんくわん (on'witenkwan)?)

音位転換 (canonical)
on'itenkan (romanization)
on'witenkwan (romanization)
おんゐてんくわん (hiragana historical)

[õ̞ɰ̃itẽ̞ŋkã̠ɴ]

(phonetics, prosody) metathesis (the transposition of letters, syllables or sounds within a word)


野衾

野衾 (canonical)
野衾 (canonical)
nobusuma (romanization)

野 (no-, “wild”) + 衾 (fusuma, “quilt”). The fusuma changes to busuma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

(Japanese folklore) Monster, 妖怪 (yōkai), resembling a Japanese giant flying squirrel or large bat said to eat tree fruits, blood of living creatures and fire


反切

[hã̠ɰ̃se̞t͡sɨ]

(Chinese phonetics) fanqie (in traditional Chinese lexicography, a method of indicating the pronunciation of a character by using two other characters, each giving part of the pronunciation)


接頭語

(linguistic morphology) synonym of 接頭辞 (settōji, “prefix”)


接尾語

接尾語 (canonical)
setsubigo (romanization)

(linguistic morphology) synonym of 接尾辞 (setsubiji, “suffix”)


鉄器時代

鉄器時代 (canonical)
Tekki Jidai (romanization)

鉄器 (tekki, “ironware”) + 時代 (jidai, “age”)


織姫

From 織り (ori, “weaving”, stem of 織る (oru, “to weave”)) + 姫 (hime, “princess; lady”), a calque of Chinese 織女 /织女 (zhīnǚ, literally “Weaver Girl”).

stem of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">織る</i> (oru, “to weave”)

cal

Weaver Girl
w:The Weaver Girl and the Cowherd

(Japanese mythology, folklore) Orihime; "Weaver Princess" (Japanese version of the Chinese Weaver Girl)


彦星

From 彦 (hiko, “prince; lord”) + 星 (hoshi, “star”).

af

Cowherd
w:The Weaver Girl and the Cowherd

(Japanese mythology, folklore) Hikoboshi (Japanese version of the Chinese Cowherd)


百鬼夜行

ja-noun

百(ひゃっ)鬼(き)夜(や)行(ぎょう) or 百(ひゃっ)鬼(き)夜(や)行(こう) • (hyakki yagyō or hyakki yakō) ^(←ひやくきやぎやう (fyakuki yagyau) or ひやくきやかう (fyakuki yakau)?)

百鬼夜行 (canonical)
百鬼夜行 (canonical)
hyakki yagyō (romanization)
hyakki yakō (romanization)
fyakuki yagyau (romanization)
fyakuki yakau (romanization)
ひやくきやぎやう (hiragana historical)
ひやくきやかう (hiragana historical)

[ça̠k̚ʲkʲi ja̠ɡʲo̞ː]

(Japanese mythology) the Night Parade of a Hundred Demons


牛頭

牛頭 (canonical)
Gozu (romanization)
Godu (romanization)
ごづ (hiragana historical)

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology, Japanese mythology) Ox-Head, one of the two guardians of hell


牛頭馬頭

ja-pos

牛(ご)頭(ず)馬(め)頭(ず) • (Gozu Mezu) ^(←ごづめづ (Godumedu)?)

牛頭馬頭 (canonical)
Gozu Mezu (romanization)
Godumedu (romanization)
ごづめづ (hiragana historical)

From 牛頭 (Gozu, “Ox-Head”) + 馬頭 (Mezu, “Horse-Head”). Compare Chinese 牛頭馬面／牛头马面 (niútóumǎmiàn, literally “Ox-Head and Horse-Face”).

zh-l

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology, Japanese mythology) Ox-Head and Horse-Face, the two guardians of hell


足軽

→ Chinese: 足輕 /足轻 (zúqīng)

[a̠ɕiɡa̠ɾɯ̟]

2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

We’re screwed! He heard me again! Our heads are gonna be put on display!

ヤベーよ きこえてたよ もう確実に打ち首獄門だよ

Yabē yo Kikoeteta yo Mō kakujitsu ni uchikubigokumon da yo

ヤベーよ きこえてたよ もう確実に打ち首獄門だよ

ヤベーよ きこえてたよ もう確実に打ち首獄門だよ

(history) an ashigaru, a type of foot soldier in feudal Japan


黄金時代

ja-pos

黄(おう)金(ごん)時(じ)代(だい) • (Ōgon Jidai) ^(←わうごんじだい (Waugonzidai)?)

黄金時代 (canonical)
Ōgon Jidai (romanization)
Waugonzidai (romanization)
わうごんじだい (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːɡo̞ɲ̟ d͡ʑida̠i]

From 黄金 (ōgon, “gold”) + 時代 (jidai, “age”).


英雄時代

英雄時代 (canonical)
Eiyū Jidai (romanization)


女媧

女媧 (canonical)
Joka (romanization)
Dyokwa (romanization)
ぢよくわ (hiragana historical)


文献学

文献学 (canonical)
bunkengaku (romanization)

[bɯ̟̃ŋkẽ̞ŋɡa̠kɯ̟]

文献 (bunken, “literature; documents”) + 学 (-gaku, “-logy; -graphy”), perhaps calque of German Philologie.

suf

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:文献学
ja:松村明


隠形

(occult) hiding one's body (using magic)


蟠桃

ja-noun

蟠(ばん)桃(とう) or 蟠(はん)桃(とう) or 蟠桃(バントウ) or 蟠桃(ハントウ) • (bantō or hantō)

蟠桃 (canonical)
蟠桃 (canonical)
蟠桃 (canonical)
蟠桃 (canonical)
bantō (romanization)
hantō (romanization)

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 蟠桃 (MC ban daw). First cited to a work from 1313-1328.

peach of immortality
peach of immortality

(Chinese mythology) peach of immortality


アマゾン

Borrowed from English Amazon, from Latin, from Ancient Greek Ἀμαζών (Amazṓn).

alternative form of アマゾネス (Amazonesu, “Amazons”)

アマゾーン アマゾーン#Japanese

(Greek mythology) alternative form of アマゾーン (Amazōn, “Amazons”)


オーディン

ja-pos

オーディン • (Ōdin)

Borrowed from English Odin, from Old Norse Óðinn.

勝利はすでに確定している。このうえはそれを完全なものにせねばならぬ。叛乱軍の身のほど知らずどもを生かして還すな。その条件は充分にととのっているのだ。卿らのうえに大神オーディンの恩寵おんちょうあらんことを。乾杯プロージット！

1982, Yoshiki Tanaka, “A Farce Between the Acts” (chapter 8), in 銀河英雄伝説 第1巻 黎明篇 [Legend of the Galactic Heroes Volume 1: Dawn], →ISBN:

Our victory is assured. Furthermore, we ought to make that victory complete. Don't send the rebel army, who don't know their place, back alive. The terms have already been sufficiently fulfilled. May the great god Odin's favor be with you all. Cheers and prosit!


フリッグ

[ɸɯ̟ɾʲiɡ̚ɡ̊ɯ̟]


テュール

テュール • (Tyūru)


フェンリル

[ɸẽ̞n̺ɾʲiɾɯ̟]


ラグナロク

Learned borrowing from Old Norse ragnarǫk


サテュロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σάτυρος (sáturos).


ファウヌス

[ɸa̠ɯ̟nɯ̟sɨ]


ファウヌス

[ɸa̠ɯ̟nɯ̟sɨ]


転呼音

(linguistics) sound shifts from Old Japanese to Modern Japanese, especially those which are preserved in historical kana usage.


マルクス・レーニン主義

ja-noun

^マルクス・^レーニン しゅぎ

マルクス・レーニン主(しゅ)義(ぎ) • (Marukusu Rēnin shugi)

マルクス・レーニン主義 (canonical)
Marukusu Rēnin shugi (romanization)

マルクス・レーニンしゅぎ

[ma̠ɾɯ̟kɯ̟̊sɨ ɾe̞ːɲ̟iɰ̃ ɕɨɡʲi]

Blend of マルクス主義 (Marukusu shugi, “Marxism”) + レーニン主義 (Rēnin shugi, “Leninism”)

blend

ja:マルクス・レーニン主義


アースガルズ

[a̠ːsɨɡa̠ɾɯ̟zɨ]

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Ásgarðr.


六国

ja-noun

六(りっ)国(こく) or 六(りく)国(こく) or 六(ろっ)国(こく) • (rikkoku or rikukoku or rokkoku)

六国 (canonical)
六国 (canonical)
六国 (canonical)
rikkoku (romanization)
rikukoku (romanization)
rokkoku (romanization)

(history) the Six States (韓(かん) (Kan, “Han”), 魏(ぎ) (Gi, “Wei”), 趙(ちょう) (Chō, “Zhao”), 斉(せい) (Sei, “Qi”), 楚(そ) (So, “Chu”), 燕(えん) (En, “Yan”))


前編

[d͡zẽ̞mpẽ̞ɴ]


レオポルドヴィル

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

(history) Leopoldville (a city, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


ヘーラクレース

ja-pos

ヘーラクレース • (Hērakurēsu)

[he̞ːɾa̠kɯ̟ɾe̞ːsɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês)


ユーピテル

[jɯ̟ːpʲite̞ɾɯ̟]

Learned borrowing from Latin Iūpiter, Jūpiter


ポセイドーン

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ποσειδῶν (Poseidôn)


ネプトゥーヌス

[ne̞pɯ̟tɯ̟ːnɯ̟sɨ]


ハーデース

ja-pos

ハーデース • (Hādēsu)


イギリス帝国

イギリス帝国 (canonical)
Igirisu Teikoku (romanization)

イギリス (Igirisu, “Britain”) + 帝国 (teikoku, “empire”)


地方志

ja-noun

地(ち)方(ほう)志(し) • (chihōshi) ^(←ちはうし (tifausi)?)

地方志 (canonical)
chihōshi (romanization)
tifausi (romanization)
ちはうし (hiragana historical)

(historiography) Chinese local chronicle


チェコスロバキア社会主義共和国

ja-pos

チェコスロバキア しゃかい しゅぎ きょうわこく

チェコスロバキア社(しゃ)会(かい)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Chekosurobakia Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku)

チェコスロバキア社会主義共和国 (canonical)
Chekosurobakia Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku (romanization)

チェコスロバキア (Chekosurobakia, “Czechoslovakia”) + 社会主義 (shakai shugi, “socialism”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”)

af

(history) the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic

ja:チェコスロバキア社会主義共和国


セルビア・モンテネグロ連邦

ja-pos

^セルビア・^モンテネグロ ^れんぽう

セルビア・モンテネグロ連(れん)邦(ぽう) • (Serubia Monteneguro Renpō)

セルビア・モンテネグロ連邦 (canonical)
Serubia Monteneguro Renpō (romanization)

セルビア・モンテネグロ (Serubia Monteneguro, “Serbia and Montenegro”) + 連邦 (renpō, “federation”)

compound

State Union of Serbia and Montenegro
State Union of Serbia and Montenegro

(history) the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro


エディプスコンプレックス

ja-noun

^エディプス コンプレックス

エディプスコンプレックス

[e̞dʲipɯ̟̊sɨ kõ̞mpɯ̟ɾe̞k̚kɯ̟̊sɨ]

ja:エディプスコンプレックス


エレクトラコンプレックス

^エレクトラ コンプレックス

エレクトラコンプレックス

[e̞ɾe̞kɯ̟̊to̞ɾa̠ kõ̞mpɯ̟ɾe̞k̚kɯ̟̊sɨ]

From German Elektrakomplex or English Electra complex.

ja:エレクトラコンプレックス


ウーラノス

[ɯ̟ːɾa̠no̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós)


ヘルメース

[he̞ɾɯ̟me̞ːsɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἑρμῆς (Hermês)


府中

ja:府中市 (東京都)

(history) a capital place of feudal province in Japan

国府

capital or government of feudal province in Japan


平声

ja-noun

平(ひょう)声(しょう) or 平(へい)声(せい) • (hyōshō or heisei)

平声 (canonical)
平声 (canonical)
hyōshō (romanization)
heisei (romanization)

(Chinese phonetics) the level tone (contrasting with the 仄声 (sokusei, “oblique tones”) among the 四声 (shisei, “four tones”) of Middle Chinese)


アルバニア共和国

ja-pos

アルバニア きょうわこく

アルバニア共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Arubania Kyōwakoku)

アルバニア共和国 (canonical)
Arubania Kyōwakoku (romanization)

アルバニア (Arubania, “Albania”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”)


アルバニア王国

アルバニア王国 (canonical)
Arubania Ōkoku (romanization)

アルバニア (Arubania, “Albania”) + 王国 (ōkoku, “kingdom”)


アルバニア公国

アルバニア公国 (canonical)
Arubania Kōkoku (romanization)

アルバニア (Arubania, “Albania”) + 公国 (kōkoku, “principality”)


アルバニア・ヴェネタ

ja:アルバニア・ヴェネタ


カフカス・アルバニア

カフカス (Kafukasu, “Caucasus”) + アルバニア (Arubania, “Albania”)

ja:カフカス・アルバニア


狻猊

ja-noun

狻(さん)猊(げい) or 狻(しゅん)猊(げい) • (sangei or shungei)

狻猊 (canonical)
狻猊 (canonical)
sangei (romanization)
shungei (romanization)

(Chinese mythology) a suanni, a cross between a dragon and a lion


狻猊

ja-pos

狻(さん)猊(げい) or 狻(しゅん)猊(げい) • (Sangei or Shungei)

狻猊 (canonical)
狻猊 (canonical)
Sangei (romanization)
Shungei (romanization)

(Chinese mythology) the suanni that was one of the nine sons of the dragon


イアーソーン

イアーソーン • (Iāsōn)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἰάσων (Iásōn)


ネーデルラント

Borrowed from Dutch Nederland (“Netherlands”).


騎士団

騎士 (kishi, “knight”) + 団 (-dan, “group; team”)

suf

ハリー・ポッターと不死鳥の騎士団

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix

2013 May 18, “聖(せい)騎(き)士(し)アルトリウス [Holy Knight Artorius]”, in Extra Pack -Sword of Knights-, Konami:

A wise young knight affiliated with the Order of the Holy Knights.

聖騎士団に所属する聡明な青年騎士。

Seikishidan ni shozokusuru sōmei na seinen kishi.


オランダ領ニューギニア

ja-pos

^オランダ りょう ^ニュー ^ギニア

オランダ領(りょう)ニューギニア • (Oranda ryō Nyū Ginia)

オランダ領ニューギニア (canonical)
Oranda ryō Nyū Ginia (romanization)

オランダ (Oranda, “Netherlands”) + 領 (ryō, “belonging to”) + ニューギニア (Nyū Ginia, “New Guinea”)

compound

ja:オランダ領ニューギニア


ドイツ領ニューギニア

ja-pos

^ドイツ りょう ^ニュー ^ギニア

ドイツ領(りょう)ニューギニア • (Doitsu ryō Nyū Ginia)

ドイツ領ニューギニア (canonical)
Doitsu ryō Nyū Ginia (romanization)

ドイツ (Doitsu, “Germany”) + 領 (ryō, “belonging to”) + ニューギニア (Nyū Ginia, “New Guinea”)

compound

ja:ドイツ領ニューギニア


ピュグマイオイ

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πυγμαῖοι (Pugmaîoi).


枢軸国

ja-noun

枢(すう)軸(じく)国(こく) • (sūjikukoku) ^(←すうぢくこく (suudikukoku)?)

枢軸国 (canonical)
sūjikukoku (romanization)
suudikukoku (romanization)
すうぢくこく (hiragana historical)

[sɨːʑikɯ̟̊ko̞kɯ̟]

枢軸(すうじく) (sūjiku, “axis”) + 国(こく) (koku, “country”)


直接話法

ja-noun

直(ちょく)接(せつ)話(わ)法(ほう) • (chokusetsu wahō)

直接話法 (canonical)
chokusetsu wahō (romanization)

[t͡ɕo̞kɯ̟se̞t͡sɨβ̞a̠ho̞ː]

(grammar) direct speech (the writing of speech)

間接話法

間接話法 かんせつわほう


間接話法

間接話法 (canonical)
kansetsu wahō (romanization)

[kã̠ɰ̃se̞t͡sɨβ̞a̠ho̞ː]

(grammar) reported speech, indirect speech (a form of speech used to express what another has said)

直接話法

直接話法 ちょくせつわほう


キュクロープス

[kʲɨkɯ̟ɾo̞ːpɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κύκλωψ (Kúklōps).

lbor

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) a cyclops


上代

ja-noun

上(じょう)代(だい) • (jōdai) ^(←じやうだい (zyaudai)?)

上代 (canonical)
jōdai (romanization)
zyaudai (romanization)
じやうだい (hiragana historical)

上代特殊仮名遣

ancient special kana usage, Old Japanese special kana usage

historical linguistics
historical linguistics

(history, especially literary history and historical linguistics) a period in Japanese history, usually the Nara period (corresponding to Old Japanese)


九尾の狐

九(きゅう)尾(び)の狐(きつね) • (kyūbi no kitsune) ^(←きうびのきつね (kiubinokitune)?)

九尾の狐 (canonical)
kyūbi no kitsune (romanization)
kiubinokitune (romanization)
きうびのきつね (hiragana historical)

Compound of 九(きゅう) (kyū, “nine”) + 尾(び) (bi, “tail”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 狐(きつね) (kitsune, “fox”).


殺生石

ja-pos

殺(せっ)生(しょう)石(せき) • (Sesshōseki) ^(←せつしやうせき (Setusyauseki)?)

殺生石 (canonical)
Sesshōseki (romanization)
Setusyauseki (romanization)
せつしやうせき (hiragana historical)

Compound of 殺生 (sesshō, “killing”) + 石 (seki, “stone”).


倒置

倒置 (canonical)
tōchi (romanization)
tauti (romanization)
たうち (hiragana historical)


倒置

ja-verb-suru

倒(とう)置(ち)する • (tōchi suru) ^(←たうち (tauti)?)suru (stem 倒(とう)置(ち)し (tōchi shi), past 倒(とう)置(ち)した (tōchi shita))

倒置する (canonical)
tōchi suru (romanization)
tauti (romanization)
倒置し (stem)
倒置した (past)
倒置し
とうちし
tōchi shi
倒置する
とうちする
tōchi suru
倒置すれ
とうちすれ
tōchi sure
倒置せよ (imperative literary)
倒置しろ (colloquial imperative)
とうちせよ (imperative literary)
とうちしろ (colloquial imperative)
tōchi seyo (imperative literary)
tōchi shiro (colloquial imperative)
倒置される (passive)
とうちされる (passive)
tōchi sareru (passive)
倒置させる (causative)
倒置さす (causative)
とうちさせる (causative)
とうちさす (causative)
tōchi saseru (causative)
tōchi sasu (causative)
倒置できる (potential)
とうちできる (potential)
tōchi dekiru (potential)
倒置しよう (volitional)
とうちしよう (volitional)
tōchi shiyō (volitional)
倒置しない (negative)
とうちしない (negative)
tōchi shinai (negative)
倒置せず (continuative negative)
とうちせず (continuative negative)
tōchi sezu (continuative negative)
倒置します (formal)
とうちします (formal)
tōchi shimasu (formal)
倒置した (perfective)
とうちした (perfective)
tōchi shita (perfective)
倒置して (conjunctive)
とうちして (conjunctive)
tōchi shite (conjunctive)
倒置すれば (conditional hypothetical)
とうちすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tōchi sureba (conditional hypothetical)


甘露

(Chinese mythology) a heaven-bestowed elixir of immortality


セイレーン

ja-noun

セイレーン • (seirēn)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Σειρήν (Seirḗn). Doublet of サイレン (sairen).


韻律

[ĩn̺ɾʲit͡sɨ]


客体

ja-noun

客(きゃく)体(たい) or 客(かく)体(たい) • (kyakutai or kakutai)

客体 (canonical)
客体 (canonical)
kyakutai (romanization)
kakutai (romanization)


統辞論

[to̞ːʑiɾõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 統辞 (tōji, “syntax”, less common on its own than synonym 構文 kōbun) + 論 (ron, “theory”).

compound

less common on its own than synonym <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">構文</i> kōbun

(linguistics) synonym of 統語論 (tōgoron): syntax (as a field of study), syntactics


構文論

[ko̞ːbɯ̟̃n̺ɾõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 構文 (kōbun, “syntax”) + 論 (ron, “theory”).


イギリス領ソマリランド

ja-pos

^イギリス りょう ^ソマリランド

イギリス領(りょう)ソマリランド • (Igirisu ryō Somarirando)

イギリス領ソマリランド (canonical)
Igirisu ryō Somarirando (romanization)

イギリス (Igirisu, “Britain”) + 領 (ryō, “under the government of”) + ソマリランド (Somarirando, “Somaliland”), calque of English British Somaliland.

af

ja:イギリス領ソマリランド


異化

異化 (canonical)
ika (romanization)
ikwa (romanization)
いくわ (hiragana historical)


同化作用

ja-noun

同(どう)化(か)作(さ)用(よう) • (dōka sayō) ^(←どうくわさよう (doukwa sayou)?)

同化作用 (canonical)
dōka sayō (romanization)
doukwa sayou (romanization)
どうくわさよう (hiragana historical)

(geology, biology, linguistics) assimilation; metabolism; anabolism


パリス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris)

lbor

ja:パリス (曖昧さ回避)


ペーガソス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πήγασος (Pḗgasos)


ペーガスス

ペーガソス ペーガソス#Japanese

(Roman mythology) alternative form of ペーガソス (Pēgasosu, “Pegasus”)


アンドロメダー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀνδρομέδᾱ (Andromédā)


ペルセウス

[pe̞ɾɯ̟se̞ɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Περσεύς (Perseús)


ヘルクレス

[he̞ɾɯ̟kɯ̟ɾe̞sɨ]

ja:ヘラクレス (曖昧さ回避)


ケーペウス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κηφεύς (Kēpheús)


オーリーオーン

ja-pos

オーリーオーン • (Ōrīōn)

[o̞ːɾʲiːõ̞ːɴ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὠρῑ́ων (Ōrī́ōn).


ケルベルス

[ke̞ɾɯ̟be̞ɾɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Latin Cerberus, from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos).

ケルベロス ケルベロス#Japanese

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) alternative form of ケルベロス (Keruberosu): Cerberus, the mythical three-headed dog


黄道帯

ja-noun

黄(こう)道(どう)帯(たい) • (kōdōtai) ^(←くわうだうたい (kwaudautai)?)

黄道帯 (canonical)
kōdōtai (romanization)
kwaudautai (romanization)
くわうだうたい (hiragana historical)


封神演義

封神演義 (canonical)
Hōshin Engi (romanization)

From Chinese 封神演義 /封神演义 (Fēngshén Yǎnyì).


長音

長(ちょう)音(おん) • (chōon) ^(←ちやうおん (tyauon)?)

長音 (canonical)
chōon (romanization)
tyauon (romanization)
ちやうおん (hiragana historical)


ナルシシズム

[na̠ɾɯ̟ɕi̥ɕizɨmɯ̟]


ナルキッソス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νάρκισσος (Nárkissos)


オリュンピアス

[o̞ɾʲɨ̃mpʲia̠sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὀλυμπιάς (Olumpiás)

(history) Olympias (mother of Alexander the Great)


祖語

Appears to be a repurposing of the earlier Buddhist term as a calque of English proto-language.

(linguistics) a proto-language from which later daughter languages evolve


シーシュポス

[ɕiːɕɨpo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Σίσυφος (Sísuphos)


オイディプース

ja-pos

オイディプース • (Oidipūsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Οἰδίπους (Oidípous)


エーレクトラー

ja-pos

エーレクトラー • (Ērekutorā)

[e̞ːɾe̞kɯ̟to̞ɾa̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἠλέκτρᾱ (Ēléktrā)


アプロディーテー

ja-pos

アプロディーテー • (Apurodītē)

[a̠pɯ̟ɾo̞dʲiːte̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē)


ユーノー

ja-pos

ユーノー • (Yūnō)


ヘーラー

ヘーラー • (Hērā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἥρᾱ (Hḗrā)


レアー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ῥέα (Rhéa)

ティーターン

ギリシア神話のティーターン (Girishia shinwa no Tītān; )


アレス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄρης (Árēs).


ミネルウァ

[mʲine̞ɾɯ̟β̞a̠]


河伯

(Japanese mythology) synonym of 河童 (kappa)


プルートーン

ja-pos

プルートーン • (Purūtōn)

[pɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːtõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn)


アポローン

ja-pos

アポローン • (Aporōn)

[a̠po̞ɾõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀπόλλων (Apóllōn)


デーメーテール

ja-pos

デーメーテール • (Dēmētēru)

[de̞ːme̞ːte̞ːɾɯ̟]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr)


ヘーパイストス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἥφαιστος (Hḗphaistos)


ウゥルカーヌス

[β̞ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ka̠ːnɯ̟sɨ]


ヘスティアー

ja-pos

ヘスティアー • (Hesutiā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἑστία (Hestía)


ウーラニアー

ja-pos

ウーラニアー • (Ūraniā)

[ɯ̟ːɾa̠ɲ̟ia̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Οὐρανία (Ouranía)


ムーサ

ja-noun

ムーサ • (Mūsa)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μοῦσα (Moûsa)


ティーターン

ja-noun

ティーターン • (Tītān)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τιτάν (Titán)


イーアペトス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἰαπετός (Iapetós)


オーケアノス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὠκεανός (Ōkeanós)


クレイオス

[kɯ̟ɾe̞ːo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κρεῖος (Kreîos)


クロノス

ja:クロノス
ja:クロノス (曖昧さ回避)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κρόνος (Krónos)


クロノス

ja:クロノス (時間の神)
ja:クロノス (曖昧さ回避)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Χρόνος (Khrónos)


コイオス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κοῖος (Koîos)


テイアー

ja-pos

テイアー • (Teiā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θεία (Theía)


テーテュース

ja-pos

テーテュース • (Tētyūsu)

[te̞ːtʲɨːsɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τηθύς (Tēthús)


テミス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θέμις (Thémis)


ヒュペリーオーン

ja-pos

ヒュペリーオーン • (Hyuperīōn)

[çɨpe̞ɾʲiːõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὑπερίων (Huperíōn)


ポイベー

ja-pos

ポイベー • (Poibē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Φοίβη (Phoíbē)


ムネーモシュネー

ja-pos

ムネーモシュネー • (Munēmoshunē)

[mɯ̟ne̞ːmo̞ɕɨne̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μνημοσύνη (Mnēmosúnē)


エウテルペー

[e̞ɯ̟te̞ɾɯ̟pe̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Εὐτέρπη (Eutérpē)


エラトー

ja-pos

エラトー • (Eratō)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἐρατώ (Eratṓ)


カリオペー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Καλλιόπη (Kalliópē)


クレイオー

ja-pos

クレイオー • (Kureiō)

[kɯ̟ɾe̞ːo̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κλειώ (Kleiṓ)


タレイア

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θάλεια (Tháleia)


テルプシコラー

[te̞ɾɯ̟pɯ̟ɕiko̞ɾa̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τερψιχόρα (Terpsikhóra)


ポリュムニアー

[po̞ɾʲɨmɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πολυμνία (Polumnía)


メルポメネー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μελπομένη (Melpoménē)


トート

ja-pos

トート • (Tōto)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θώθ (Thṓth).


アポロー

ja-pos

アポロー • (Aporō)

Learned borrowing from Latin Apollō, from Ancient Greek Ἀπόλλων (Apóllōn)


オデュッセウス

[o̞dʲɨsːe̞ɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὀδυσσεύς (Odusseús).


アガメムノーン

[a̠ɡa̠me̞mɯ̟nõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀγαμέμνων (Agamémnōn)


ペーネロペー

ja-pos

ペーネロペー • (Pēneropē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πηνελόπη (Pēnelópē)


テーレマコス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τηλέμαχος (Tēlémakhos)


南朝

ja-pos

南(なん)朝(ちょう) • (Nanchō) ^(←なんてう (Nanteu)?)

南朝 (canonical)
Nanchō (romanization)
Nanteu (romanization)
なんてう (hiragana historical)

[nã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]

(history, of China) the Southern dynasties


北朝

(history, of China) the Northern dynasties


ダプネー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δάφνη (Dáphnē)


ダイダロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δαίδαλος (Daídalos)


十二宮

ja-noun

十(じゅう)二(に)宮(きゅう) • (jūnikyū) ^(←じふにきゆう (zifunikyuu)?)

十二宮 (canonical)
jūnikyū (romanization)
zifunikyuu (romanization)
じふにきゆう (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑɨːɲ̟ikʲɨː]

黄道十二宮 黄道十二宮#Japanese

(astrology) clipping of 黄道十二宮 (kōdō jūnikyū, “twelve zodiac signs”)


ヒュドラー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὕδρα (Húdra)


ヒドラ

ja:ヒドラ
ja:ヒドラ (衛星)


スペイン異端審問

ja-pos

スペイン いたん しんもん

スペイン異(い)端(たん)審(しん)問(もん) • (Supein Itan Shinmon)

スペイン異端審問 (canonical)
Supein Itan Shinmon (romanization)

スペイン (Supein, “Spain”) + 異端審問 (Itan Shinmon, “Inquisition”)

af

(history, Roman Catholicism) the Spanish Inquisition


鞄語

[ka̠bã̠ŋɡo̞]

鞄 (kaban, “bag”) + 語 (go, “word”), calque of English portmanteau word.


ホロスコープ

[ho̞ɾo̞sɨ̥ko̞ːpɯ̟]


蚩尤

(Chinese mythology) Chiyou (tribal leader of the ancient Nine Li tribe)


多元論

[ta̠ɡẽ̞n̺ɾõ̞ɴ]


客語

ja-noun

客(きゃく)語(ご) or 客(かく)語(ご) • (kyakugo or kakugo)

客語 (canonical)
客語 (canonical)
kyakugo (romanization)
kakugo (romanization)

[kʲa̠kɯ̟ɡo̞]


格律

格(かく)律(りつ) • (kakuritsu) ^(←かくりつ (kakuritu)?)

格律 (canonical)
kakuritsu (romanization)
kakuritu (romanization)
かくりつ (hiragana historical)


南進政策

南(なん)進(しん)政(せい)策(さく) • (nanshin seisaku)

南進政策 (canonical)
nanshin seisaku (romanization)

[nã̠ɰ̃ɕiɰ̃ se̞ːsa̠kɯ̟]

Compound of 南(なん)進(しん) (nanshin, “advancement southward”) + 政(せい)策(さく) (seisaku, “policy”).

ja-compound

(history) Nanshin-ron, Imperial Japan's policy of southern expansionism towards southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands


南進論

南進論 (canonical)
nanshinron (romanization)

[nã̠ɰ̃ɕĩn̺ɾõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 南(なん)進(しん) (nanshin, “advancement southward”) + 論(ろん) (-ron, “theory”).


北進論

北進論 (canonical)
hokushinron (romanization)

[ho̞kɯ̟ɕĩn̺ɾõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 北(ほく)進(しん) (hokushin, “advancement northward”) + 論(ろん) (-ron, “theory”).

(history) Hokushin-ron, Imperial Japan's pre-WWII-era policy of northern expansionism towards Manchuria and Siberia


上越

ja-pos

上(じょう)越(えつ) • (Jōetsu) ^(←じやうゑつ (Zyauwetu)?)

上越 (canonical)
Jōetsu (romanization)
Zyauwetu (romanization)
じやうゑつ (hiragana historical)

上(じょう) (Jō, Clipping of 上野 (“Kōzuke Province”)) + 越(えつ) (Etsu, Clipping of 越後 (“Echigo Province”))

ja-compound

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">上野</i> (“Kōzuke Province”)

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">越後</i> (“Echigo Province”)

[d͡ʑo̞ːe̞t͡sɨ]

(history) the Kōzuke Province and the Echigo Province in feudal system in Japan.


貝塚

ja-noun

貝(かい)塚(づか) • (kaizuka) ^(←かひづか (kafiduka)?)

貝塚 (canonical)
kaizuka (romanization)
kafiduka (romanization)
かひづか (hiragana historical)

From 貝(かい) (kai) + 塚(つか) (tsuka). The tsuka changes to zuka as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


単音

(phonetics) a phone (speech segment that possesses distinct physical or perceptual properties)


吏部

吏部 (canonical)
吏部 (canonical)
Ribu (romanization)
Rihō (romanization)

(history, government, of feudal China) the Ministry of Personnel


六部

(history, government, of feudal China) the Six Ministries


礼部

(history, government, of feudal China) the Ministry of Rites


工部

(history, government, of feudal China) the Ministry of Works


刑部

(history, government, of feudal China) the Ministry of Justice


兵部

(history, government, of feudal China) the Ministry of War


エロース

ja-pos

エロース • (Erōsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἔρως (Érōs)


クピードー

ja-pos

クピードー • (Kupīdō)


姮娥

From Middle Chinese 姮娥 (MC nga, “Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon”).

ltc-l

(Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon


獬豸

(Chinese mythology) xiezhi (a goat-like, sheep-like, or ox-like beast with one horn)


センテンス

[sẽ̞ntẽ̞ɰ̃sɨ]


麻姑

(Chinese mythology) Magu (nymph in Chinese mythology)


神経衰弱

ja-noun

神(しん)経(けい)衰(すい)弱(じゃく) • (shinkei suijaku)

神経衰弱 (canonical)
shinkei suijaku (romanization)

[ɕĩŋke̞ː sɨiʑa̠kɯ̟]

Yojijukugo (四字熟語), from 神経 (shinkei, “nerve”) + 衰弱 (suijaku, “breakdown”)


国訓

ja-noun

国(こっ)訓(くん) • (kokkun) ^(←こくくん (kokukun)?)

国訓 (canonical)
kokkun (romanization)
kokukun (romanization)
こくくん (hiragana historical)

[ko̞k̚kɯ̟̃ɴ]

国 (koku, “national”) + 訓 (kun, “meaning reading”)

affix

(linguistics) a kun for a kanji that differs from the original Chinese meaning of the character


子泣き爺

子泣き爺 (canonical)
konakijijī (romanization)

Compound of 子 (ko, “baby”) + 泣 (naki, “cry”) + 爺 (jijī, “old man”).

compound

(Japanese folklore) Shapeshifting monster, 妖怪 (yōkai), which for a ruse takes the form of either a helpless baby or tiny old man, crying near woodland trails and crushes passersby who stop to help as it transforms to devour them.


子泣き爺

子泣き爺 (canonical)
konakijiji (romanization)

Compound of 子 (ko, “baby”) + 泣 (naki, “cry”) + 爺 (jiji, “old man”).


天馬

(Japanese mythology, fiction) Heavenly steed


天馬

天 (“sky”) + 馬 (“horse”). From Ancient Greek Πήγασος (Pḗgasos), and associated with the term sky horse.

(mythology, fiction) pegasus, a winged horse


天馬

(Greek mythology) The Pegasus winged horse


客観

ja-noun

客(きゃっ)観(かん) or 客(かっ)観(かん) or 客(かく)観(かん) • (kyakkan or kakkan or kakukan) ^(←きやくくわん (kyakukwan) or かくくわん (kakukwan) or かくくわん (kakukwan)?)

客観 (canonical)
客観 (canonical)
客観 (canonical)
kyakkan (romanization)
kakkan (romanization)
kakukan (romanization)
kyakukwan (romanization)
kakukwan (romanization)
きやくくわん (hiragana historical)
かくくわん (hiragana historical)

[kʲa̠k̚kã̠ɴ]

[ka̠kɯ̟kã̠ɴ]


主観

主(しゅ)観(かん) • (shukan) ^(←しゆくわん (syukwan)?)

主観 (canonical)
shukan (romanization)
syukwan (romanization)
しゆくわん (hiragana historical)


エレボス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἔρεβος (Érebos)


アイテール

ja-pos

アイテール • (Aitēru)

[a̠ite̞ːɾɯ̟]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Αἰθήρ (Aithḗr)


西王母

ja-pos

西(せい)王(おう)母(ぼ) • (Seiōbo) ^(←せいわうぼ (Seiwaubo)?)

西(さい)王(おう)母(ぼ) • (Saiōbo) ^(←さいわうぼ (Saiwaubo)?)

西王母 • ^ (canonical)
西王母 (canonical)
Seiōbo (romanization)
Seiwaubo (romanization)
Saiōbo (romanization)
Saiwaubo (romanization)
せいわうぼ (hiragana historical)
さいわうぼ (hiragana historical)

(Chinese religion, Chinese mythology) Queen Mother of the West (goddess)


指小辞

ja-noun

指(し)小(しょう)辞(じ) • (shishōji) ^(←しせうじ (siseuzi)?)

指小辞 (canonical)
shishōji (romanization)
siseuzi (romanization)
しせうじ (hiragana historical)


使い

使い (canonical)
tsukai (romanization)
tukafi (romanization)
つかひ (hiragana historical)

連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 使(つか)う (tsukau, “to use”).


字音仮名遣い

ja-noun

字(じ)音(おん)仮(か)名(な)遣(づか)い • (jion kanazukai) ^(←じおんかなづかひ (zion kanadukafi)?)

字音仮名遣い (canonical)
jion kanazukai (romanization)
zion kanadukafi (romanization)
じおんかなづかひ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 字音 (jion, “kanji pronunciation borrowed from Chinese”) + 仮名遣い (kanazukai, “kana usage”).

com

(linguistics) kanji pronunciation based on Middle Chinese borrowings


慣用句

ja-noun

慣(かん)用(よう)句(く) • (kan'yōku) ^(←くわんようく (kwan'youku)?)

慣用句 (canonical)
kan'yōku (romanization)
kwan'youku (romanization)
くわんようく (hiragana historical)

[kã̠ɰ̃jo̞ːkɯ̟]


ヴァイキング

[ba̠ikʲĩŋɡɯ̟]

(history) a Viking (one of the Scandinavian seafaring warriors)


新徴組

新徴組 (canonical)
Shinchōgumi (romanization)

(history) the Shinchōgumi (samurai guards of the Edo Shogunate)


喉音

Literary Chinese 喉音 (hóuyīn, literally “throaty sound”)

der

(traditional Chinese phonology) a guttural onset consonant, any of the group of consonants represented by the Middle Chinese pronunciation the following (母 (literally “mother”) means "base sound"; the character before it is the one that bears the onset consonant): 影母 (/ʔ/), 曉母 (/x/), 匣母 (/ɦ/) and 喻母 (/j/)

(phonetics) synonym of 声門音 (seimon'on, “glottal sound”)


ヨルムンガンド

[jo̞ɾɯ̟mɯ̟̃ŋɡã̠ndo̞]

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Jǫrmungandr


衛門府

ja-pos

衛(え)門(もん)府(ふ) • (Emonfu) ^(←ゑもんふ (Wemonfu)?)

衛門府 (canonical)
Emonfu (romanization)
Wemonfu (romanization)
ゑもんふ (hiragana historical)

[e̞mõ̞ɰ̃ɸɯ̟]

(history, government) a 律令 (ritsuryō) department/position that's responsible for guarding, opening and closing the imperial gate


右衛門府

右(う)衛(え)門(もん)府(ふ) • (Uemonfu) ^(←うゑもんふ (Uwemonfu)?)

右衛門府 (canonical)
Uemonfu (romanization)
Uwemonfu (romanization)
うゑもんふ (hiragana historical)

右 (u-, “right; junior”) + 衛門府 (Emonfu, “gate guard”)

pre

(history, government) the junior/lesser Emonfu


左衛門府

ja-pos

左(さ)衛(え)門(もん)府(ふ) • (Saemonfu) ^(←さゑもんふ (Sawemonfu)?)

左衛門府 (canonical)
Saemonfu (romanization)
Sawemonfu (romanization)
さゑもんふ (hiragana historical)

左 (sa-, “left; senior”) + 衛門府 (Emonfu, “gate guard”)

pre

(history, government) the senior/greater Emonfu


ストックホルム症候群

ja-noun

^ストックホルム しょうこうぐん

ストックホルム症(しょう)候(こう)群(ぐん) • (Sutokkuhorumu shōkōgun)

ストックホルム症候群 (canonical)
Sutokkuhorumu shōkōgun (romanization)

ストックホルム (Sutokkuhorumu, “Stockholm”) + 症候群 (shōkōgun, “syndrome”)

com

ja:ストックホルム症候群


アマゾーン

ja-pos

アマゾーン • (Amazōn)

[a̠ma̠zõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀμαζών sg (Amazṓn, “Amazon”)


仄声

ja-noun

仄(そく)声(せい) or 仄(そく)声(しょう) • (sokusei or sokushō)

仄声 (canonical)
仄声 (canonical)
sokusei (romanization)
sokushō (romanization)

(Chinese phonetics) an oblique tone (the 上声 (jōshō, “rising tone”), the 去声 (kyoshō, “departing tone”) or the 入声 (nisshō, “entering tone”), contrasting with the 平声 (hyōshō, “level tone”) among the 四声 (shisei, “four tones”) of Middle Chinese)


海神

海(わたつ)神(み) or 海(わだつ)神(み) or 海(わた)神(がみ) or 海(わたの)神(かみ) • (watatsumi or wadatsumi or watagami or wata no kami)

海神 (canonical)
海神 (canonical)
海神 (canonical)
海神 (canonical)
watatsumi (romanization)
wadatsumi (romanization)
watagami (romanization)
wata no kami (romanization)

Watatsumi: Old Japanese, 海 (“sea”) + つ (archaic genitive particle) + 神 (“spirit”)
Watagami: 海 + 神 (“god”)
Wata no kami: 海 + の (genitive particle) + 神 (“god”)
Kaijin: Middle Chinese 海神 (MC xojX zyin).


ドリュアス

[do̞ɾʲɨa̠sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δρυάς (Druás).


ロールシャッハ・テスト

ja-noun

^ロールシャッハ・テスト

[ɾo̞ːɾɯ̟ɕa̠hːa̠ te̞sɨ̥to̞]

ロールシャッハ (Rōrushahha, from German Rorschach) + テスト (tesuto, “test”)

com

from German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Rorschach</i>

ja:ロールシャッハ・テスト


ゴーレム

[ɡo̞ːɾe̞mɯ̟]

Borrowed from English golem, from Hebrew גולם \ גֹּלֶם (gólem).

bor

גולם \ גֹּלֶם

1999 March 18, “ウォー・アース [War Earth]”, in Starter(スターター) Box(ボックス), Konami:

A golem assembled from rocks. It petrifies and destroys its opponents.

岩石が集まってできたゴーレム。相手を石化して破壊する。

Ganseki ga atsumatte dekita gōremu. Aite o sekika shite hakai suru.


我思う、故に我在り

ja-phrase

われ おも.う、ゆえ に われ あり

我(われ)思(おも)う、故(ゆえ)に我(われ)在(あ)り • (ware omou, yue ni ware ari)

我思う、故に我在り (canonical)
ware omou, yue ni ware ari (romanization)

Calque of Latin cogito, ergo sum, equivalent to a kanbun kundoku reading of Literary Chinese 我思故我在 (wǒ sī gù wǒ zài).
First cited to the 1884 revised edition of the 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Philosophy Dictionary”), edited by Inoue Tetsujirō.

calque

われおもう、ゆえにわれあり

cog

I think therefore I am
I think therefore I am

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Inoue Tetsujirō
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:哲学字彙


八母音説

八母音説 (canonical)
hachiboinsetsu (romanization)

(linguistics) the theory that Old Japanese had eight vowels: /a/, /i₁/, /i₂/, /u/, /e₁/, /e₂/, /o/.


助辞

(grammar) an auxiliary word or affix, a function word

(grammar) synonym of 助詞 (joshi): a particle


コミンテルン

[ko̞mʲĩnte̞ɾɯ̟̃ɴ]


尻子玉

尻子玉 (canonical)
shirikodama (romanization)

(mythology) a ball lodged in the anus, said to be sought by kappas


四大奇書

四大奇書 (canonical)
Shidaikisho (romanization)


舌尖音

舌尖音 (canonical)
zessen'on (romanization)

[d͡ze̞sːẽ̞ɰ̃õ̞ɴ]


吊り橋効果

吊り橋効果 (canonical)
tsuribashi kōka (romanization)

Literally "suspension bridge effect". Named after Dutton and Aron's 1974 experiment.

misattribution of arousal
misattribution of arousal


アウフヘーベン

[a̠ɯ̟ɸɯ̟he̞ːbẽ̞ɴ]

Borrowed from German aufheben. Repopularised in 2017 by Japanese politician Yuriko Koike in discussions over the renovation of the Tsukiji fish market.


ら抜き言葉

ら抜き言葉 (canonical)
ra-nuki kotoba (romanization)

(Japanese grammar) dropping the ら (ra) in the potential form of verbs formed with られる (-rareru)


ら抜き

ら抜き言葉 ら抜き言葉#Japanese

(grammar) synonym of ら抜き言葉 (ra-nuki kotoba)


イオニア

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἰωνία (Iōnía)


可能動詞

可能動詞 (canonical)
kanō dōshi (romanization)

Compound of 可能 (kanō, “capable, potential, possible”) + 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”).

compound

(grammar) a potential verb (indicates that something is possible)


同音語

[do̞ːõ̞ŋɡo̞]

From 同音 (dōon, “homophonous”) + 語 (-go, “utterance”).

af

同音異義語 同音異義語#Japanese

(linguistics) synonym of 同音異義語 (dōon igigo, “homophone”) (words with the same pronunciation)


プロメーテウス

[pɯ̟ɾo̞me̞ːte̞ɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús)


アウローラ

ja-pos

アウローラ • (Aurōra)

[a̠ɯ̟ɾo̞ːɾa̠]


エーオース

エーオース • (Ēōsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἠώς (Ēṓs)


活用形

ja-noun

活(かつ)用(よう)形(けい) • (katsuyōkei) ^(←くわつようけい (kwatuyoukei)?)

活用形 (canonical)
katsuyōkei (romanization)
kwatuyoukei (romanization)
くわつようけい (hiragana historical)

Compound of 活(かつ)用(よう) (katsuyō, “inflection”) + 形(けい) (-kei, “form”).


字音

Compound of 字(じ) (ji, “character”) + 音(おん) (on, “sound”).

(linguistics) a pronunciation of a certain character or letter

(linguistics) a reading of a kanji character borrowed from Chinese


仮名遣い

ja-noun

仮(か)名(な)遣(づか)い • (kanazukai) ^(←かなづかひ (kanadukafi)?)

仮名遣い (canonical)
kanazukai (romanization)
kanadukafi (romanization)
かなづかひ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 仮名(かな) (kana, “kana”) + 遣(つか)い (tsukai, “use”).
The tsukai changes to zukai as an instance of rendaku (連濁)

ja-compound

上代特殊仮名遣い

(linguistics) how letters or characters are read or pronounced ("used")


演繹法

ja-noun

演(えん)繹(えき)法(ほう) • (en'ekihō) ^(←えんえきはふ (en'ekifafu)?)

演繹法 (canonical)
en'ekihō (romanization)
en'ekifafu (romanization)
えんえきはふ (hiragana historical)

[ẽ̞ɰ̃e̞kʲi̥ho̞ː]

Compound of 演(えん)繹(えき) (en'eki, “to deduce”) + 法(ほう) (-hō, “method”).
Coined by Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujirō in 1881 in his work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) as a translation of English deduction, based on the phrase 更互演繹，作為此書 in the Doctrine of the Mean (《中庸》).

lw

Doctrine of the Mean
University of Tokyo
ja:演繹法


ニオベー

ja-pos

ニオベー • (Niobē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νιόβη (Nióbē)


タンタロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τάνταλος (Tántalos)


ミダース

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μίδας (Mídas)


鸕鷀草葺不合尊

ja-pos

^うがやふきあえず の ^みこと

^うがやふきあへず の ^みこと

鸕鷀草葺不合尊(うがやふきあえずのみこと) • (Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto) ^(←うがやふきあへずのみこと (Ugayafukiafezu no Mikoto)?)

鸕鷀草葺不合尊 (canonical)
Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto (romanization)
Ugayafukiafezu no Mikoto (romanization)
うがやふきあへずのみこと (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese.
Short-form of 天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命 (Amatsuhiko Hikonagisatake Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto), attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) Ugayafukiaezu, the son of Hikohohodemi no Mikoto and Toyotamabime, and the father of Emperor Jimmu


天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

^あまつひこ ^ひこなぎさたけ ^うがやふきあえず の ^みこと

^あまつひこ ^ひこなぎさたけ ^うがやふきあへず の ^みこと

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命(あまつひこひこなぎさたけうがやふきあえずのみこと) • (Amatsuhiko Hikonagisatake Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto) ^(←あまつひこひこなぎさたけうがやふきあへずのみこと (Amatufiko Fikonagisatake Ugayafukiafezu no Mikoto)?)

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命 (canonical)
あまつひこひこなぎさたけうがやふきあへずのみこと (hiragana historical)

[a̠ma̠t͡sɨçiko̞ çiko̞na̠ɡʲisa̠ta̠ke̞ ɯ̟ɡa̠ja̠ɸɯ̟kʲia̠e̞zɨ no̞ mʲiko̞to̞]

Attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
The name of the kami is derived from:
* 天 (ama, “heaven, sky”, combining form) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 彦 (hiko, “boy”, euphemism; here spelled 日高)
* 彦 (hiko, here spelled 日子) + 渚 (nagisa, “water's edge”, spelled with 波) + 丈 (take, “length; all”, spelled with 限建)
* 鵜 (u, “cormorant”) + 茅葺き (kayafuki, “thatched roof”, with rendaku (連濁) shift; spelled with 葺草葺) + 合えず (aezu, “not completing”), negative 已然形 (izenkei, “realis form”) of 合う (au, “to unite → to finish”, spelled with 不合)
* 命, 尊 (mikoto) is a sacred title suffixed to Shinto deities.
The irregular kanji spellings are a combination of ateji (当て字) and jukujikun (熟字訓).
The name of the deity would likely mean the “son of the god come from heaven, born before the hut at the water's edge had been completely thatched with cormorant feathers”.

sortkey

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

あまつひこひこなきさたけうかやふきあえすのみこと

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

あまつひこひこなきさたけうかやふきあえすのみこと

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

あまつひこひこなきさたけうかやふきあえすのみこと


形而上

ja-noun

形(けい)而(じ)上(じょう) • (keijijō) ^(←けいじじやう (keizizyau)?)

形而上 (canonical)
keijijō (romanization)
keizizyau (romanization)
けいじじやう (hiragana historical)

[ke̞ːʑiʑo̞ː]

Coined by Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujirō in 1881 in his work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) as a translation of English abstract, based on the phrase 形而上者謂之道 in the Book of Changes (《易經》).

(philosophy) abstract or intangible things

Book of Changes
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
University of Tokyo


ユースティティア

ja-pos

ユースティティア • (Yūsutitia)


ディケー

ディケー • (Dikē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δίκη (Díkē)


𛀆

Obsolete form of い (the current form of the Hiragana syllable i). Simplified from 以.

(linguistics) The hiragana syllable 𛀆 (yi). Its equivalent in katakana is 𛄠 (yi).


母音調和

ja-noun

母(ぼ)音(いん)調(ちょう)和(わ) • (boin chōwa) ^(←ぼいんてうわ (bointeuwa)?)

母音調和 (canonical)
boin chōwa (romanization)
bointeuwa (romanization)
ぼいんてうわ (hiragana historical)

[bo̞iɲ̟ t͡ɕo̞ːβ̞a̠]

From 母音(ぼいん) (boin, “vowel”) + 調和(ちょうわ) (chōwa, “harmonization; harmony”).


金烏

zh-l

金烏／金乌 (jīnwū)

(Chinese mythology) a golden crow, one of the embodiments of the ten suns, nine of whom were shot down by the hero Hou Yi


推量形

ja-noun

推(すい)量(りょう)形(けい) • (suiryōkei) ^(←すいりやうけい (suiryaukei)?)

推量形 (canonical)
suiryōkei (romanization)
suiryaukei (romanization)
すいりやうけい (hiragana historical)

[sɨiɾʲo̞ːke̞ː]


翰林院

ja-pos

翰(かん)林(りん)院(いん) • (Kanrin'in) ^(←かんりんゐん (Kanrin'win)?)

翰林院 (canonical)
Kanrin'in (romanization)
Kanrin'win (romanization)
かんりんゐん (hiragana historical)

[kã̠n̺ɾʲĩɰ̃ĩɴ]


日朝

日(にっ)朝(ちょう) • (Nitchō) ^(←にちてう (Nititeu)?)

日朝 (canonical)
Nitchō (romanization)
Nititeu (romanization)
にちてう (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟it̚t͡ɕo̞ː]

日 (“Japan”) + 朝 (“(North) Korea”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 朝鮮 (Chōsen, “(North) Korea”)

blend

日朝修好条規

(history, chiefly attributive) Japan and Korea


命令法

[me̞ːɾe̞ːho̞ː]

By surface analysis, 命令 (meirei, “order, command”) + 法 (hō, “mood”).


葦原の中つ国

ja-noun

あしはら の なかつくに

葦(あし)原(はら)の中(なか)つ国(くに) • (ashihara no nakatsukuni)

葦原の中つ国 (canonical)
ashihara no nakatsukuni (romanization)

Literally, “middle land/country of reed beds”.

lit

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the realm of mortals, i.e. Japan itself (as opposed to the realm of the gods and the realm of the dead)


ビーナス

(Roman mythology) Venus, the Roman goddess


ニーケー

ja-pos

ニーケー • (Nīkē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νίκη (Níkē)


ウィクトーリア

[β̞ikɯ̟to̞ːɾʲia̠]


ポーモーナ

ja-pos

ポーモーナ • (Pōmōna)


ヘレネー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἑλένη (Helénē)


漢書

[kã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞]

(history) Book of Han (history of the Western Han dynasty finished in 111)


エウローペー

ja-pos

エウローペー • (Eurōpē)

[e̞ɯ̟ɾo̞ːpe̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē). Doublet of ヨーロッパ (Yōroppa, “Europe”).


祝融

(Chinese mythology) Zhurong (a Chinese god of fire and of the south)


多義性

(linguistics, semantics) polysemy, ambiguity, the quality of having more than one meaning


多義語

2018 December 4 (last accessed), “Dai-nana kai, Tagigo wa gogen kara semeru [#7, Tackle polysemy from word roots]”, in Ei-tango no osae doko:

皆さん、capitalという単語を知っていますか。これは、俗にいう、多義語と呼ばれる単語になります。

Mina-san, kyapitaru to iu tango o shitteimasu ka. Kore wa, zoku ni iu, tagigo to yobareru tango ni narimasu.

Everyone, do you know the word capital? This is what is called a polysemous word.

(linguistics, semantics) a polyseme, a word or expression with more than one meaning


古訓

古訓 (canonical)
kokun (romanization)
こくん (hiragana historical)

『日本書紀』古訓

(linguistics) kun-reading of a text or phrase from ancient times


否定形

From 否定(ひてい) (hitei, “denial, negation”) + 形(けい) (kei, “form”).


転注

(linguistics) figurative extension of meaning

指事

六書 (rikusho, “The six types of Han characters”)


カ変

カ行変格活用 カ行変格活用#Japanese

(grammar) short for カ行変格活用 (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō): k-irregular conjugation


大前提

大前提 (canonical)
daizentei (romanization)


第三インターナショナル

ja-pos

だいさん インターナショナル

第(だい)三(さん)インターナショナル • (Daisan Intānashonaru)

第三インターナショナル (canonical)
Daisan Intānashonaru (romanization)

Calque of English Third International, equivalent to 第三 (daisan, “third”) + インターナショナル (intānashonaru, “international”)

af

コミンテルン コミンテルン#Japanese

(historical, communism) synonym of コミンテルン (Komiterun, “Comintern”); the Third International


国際共産党

ja-pos

こくさい きょうさんとう

国(こく)際(さい)共(きょう)産(さん)党(とう) • (Kokusai Kyōsantō) ^(←こくさいきようさんたう (Kokusaikyousantau)?)

国際共産党 (canonical)
Kokusai Kyōsantō (romanization)
Kokusaikyousantau (romanization)
こくさいきようさんたう (hiragana historical)

From 国際 (kokusai, “international”) + 共産党 (kyōsantō, “communist party”).

af

コミンテルン コミンテルン#Japanese

(history, communism) synonym of コミンテルン (Komiterun, “Comintern”); the Communist International


第一インターナショナル

ja-pos

だい.いち インターナショナル

第(だい)一(いち)インターナショナル • (Daiichi Intānashonaru)

第一インターナショナル (canonical)
Daiichi Intānashonaru (romanization)

Calque of English First International, equivalent to 第一 (daiichi, “first”) + インターナショナル (intānashonaru, “international”)

af

(history, socialism, communism, anarchism) the First International

ja:第一インターナショナル


第二インターナショナル

ja-pos

だいに インターナショナル

第(だい)二(に)インターナショナル • (Daini Intānashonaru)

第二インターナショナル (canonical)
Daini Intānashonaru (romanization)

Calque of English Second International, equivalent to 第二 (daini, “second”) + インターナショナル (intānashonaru, “international”)

af

(historical, socialism) the Second International

ja:第二インターナショナル


国際労働者協会

ja-pos

こくさい ろうどうしゃ きょうかい

こくさいらうどうしやけふくわい

国(こく)際(さい)労(ろう)働(どう)者(しゃ)協(きょう)会(かい) • (Kokusai Rōdōsha Kyōkai) ^(←こくさいらうどうしやけふくわい (Kokusairaudousyakefukwai)?)

国際労働者協会 (canonical)
Kokusai Rōdōsha Kyōkai (romanization)
Kokusairaudousyakefukwai (romanization)
こくさいらうどうしやけふくわい (hiragana historical)

From 国際 (kokusai, “international”) + 労働者 (rōdōsha, “laborer”) + 協会 (kyōkai, “association”).

af

第一インターナショナル 第一インターナショナル#Japanese

(history, socialism, communism, anarchism) synonym of 第一インターナショナル (Daiichi Intānashonaru, “First International”); the International Workingmen's Association


パンドーラー

ja-pos

パンドーラー • (Pandōrā)

[pã̠ndo̞ːɾa̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πᾰνδώρᾱ (Păndṓrā)


パンドーラーの箱

ja-pos

^パンドーラー の はこ

パンドーラーの箱 (canonical)
Pandōrā no hako (romanization)

From パンドーラー (Pandōrā, “Pandora”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 箱 (hako, “box”).


造語

造語 (canonical)
zōgo (romanization)
zaugo (romanization)
ざうご (hiragana historical)

Compound of 造(ぞう) (zō, “to create”) + 語(ご) (-go, “words”).


造語

ja-verb-suru

造(ぞう)語(ご)する • (zōgo suru) ^(←ざうご (zaugo)?)suru (stem 造(ぞう)語(ご)し (zōgo shi), past 造(ぞう)語(ご)した (zōgo shita))

造語する (canonical)
zōgo suru (romanization)
zaugo (romanization)
造語し (stem)
造語した (past)
造語し
ぞうごし
zōgo shi
造語する
ぞうごする
zōgo suru
造語すれ
ぞうごすれ
zōgo sure
造語せよ (imperative literary)
造語しろ (colloquial imperative)
ぞうごせよ (imperative literary)
ぞうごしろ (colloquial imperative)
zōgo seyo (imperative literary)
zōgo shiro (colloquial imperative)
造語される (passive)
ぞうごされる (passive)
zōgo sareru (passive)
造語させる (causative)
造語さす (causative)
ぞうごさせる (causative)
ぞうごさす (causative)
zōgo saseru (causative)
zōgo sasu (causative)
造語できる (potential)
ぞうごできる (potential)
zōgo dekiru (potential)
造語しよう (volitional)
ぞうごしよう (volitional)
zōgo shiyō (volitional)
造語しない (negative)
ぞうごしない (negative)
zōgo shinai (negative)
造語せず (continuative negative)
ぞうごせず (continuative negative)
zōgo sezu (continuative negative)
造語します (formal)
ぞうごします (formal)
zōgo shimasu (formal)
造語した (perfective)
ぞうごした (perfective)
zōgo shita (perfective)
造語して (conjunctive)
ぞうごして (conjunctive)
zōgo shite (conjunctive)
造語すれば (conditional hypothetical)
ぞうごすれば (conditional hypothetical)
zōgo sureba (conditional hypothetical)


絶対主義

絶対主義 (canonical)
zettai shugi (romanization)

From 絶対 (zettai, “absolute”) + 主義 (shugi, “ism”).


借用語

借用語 (canonical)
shakuyōgo (romanization)

[ɕa̠kɯ̟jo̞ːɡo̞]

Compound of 借用 (shakuyō, “borrow (for purposes of using)”) + 語 (-go, “word, expression”).

suf

外来語

modern loanword, usually of European origin


冗言

[d͡ʑo̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]


女性語

[d͡ʑo̞se̞ːɡo̞]

(linguistics) women's language; women's speech


男性語

[dã̠ɰ̃se̞ːɡo̞]

(linguistics) men's language; men's speech


ミズガルズ

[mʲizɨɡa̠ɾɯ̟zɨ]

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Miðgarðr (literally “middle realm”)


パサルガダエ

Learned borrowing from Latin Pasargadae, from Ancient Greek Πασαργάδαι (Pasargádai).

1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing]”, in カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第一章, page 280:

If only I could come back to Pasargadae. If only I could see the shine of those gates again…

パサルガダエに帰りつくまでは あの塔門の輝きを再びこの目でみるまでは……

Pasarugadae ni kaeritsuku made wa Ano tōmon no kagayaki o futatabi kono me de miru made wa……


キュロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κῦρος (Kûros)

わが名(わ)はサルク！主(あるじ)はカンビュセス‼キュロスの子(こ)アフラ・マズダのよみし給(たま)う者(もの)ペルシア王(おう)にして諸(しょ)王(おう)の王(おう)‼

My name is Sarc! I serve Cambyses!! The king of the kings of Persia, son of Cyrus, celebrated by Ahura Mazda!!

Waga na wa Saruku! Aruji wa Kanbyusesu‼ Kyurosu no ko Afura Mazuda no yomishitamau mono Perushia ō ni shite shoō no ō‼


カンビュセス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Καμβύσης (Kambúsēs)

My name is Sarc! Servant of Cambyses!! The King of Kings of Persia, son of Cyrus, celebrated by Ahura Mazda!!

わが名はサルク！主はカンビュセス‼キュロスの子アフラ・マズダのよみし給う者ペルシア王にして諸王の王‼

Waga na wa Saruku! Aruji wa Kanbyusesu‼ Kyurosu no ko Afura Mazuda no yomishitamau mono Perushia Ō ni shite Shōō no Ō‼


クレオパトラ

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κλεοπάτρα (Kleopátra)

2002 February 18, Inokuma, Shinobu, “LAST(ラスト) PART(パート) サラダデイズは永(えい)遠(えん)に… [Last Part: Forever Salad Days…]”, in SALAD(サラダ) DAYS(デイズ) [Salad Days], volume 18 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, pages 187–188:

A quote from Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra. Cleopatra said that when she was looking back at her past. We have some… "salad days", too, kinda like them.

シェイクスピアのね、「アントニーとクレオパトラ」の中の一節。過去をふり返ってクレオパトラが言う台詞だよ。あの二人は私たちの…〝サラダデイズ〟だわ。

Sheikusupia no ne,“Antonī to Kureopatora” no naka no issetsu. Kako o furikaette Kureopatora ga iu serifu da yo. Ano futari wa watashitachi no…〝sarada deizu〟da wa.

ja:クレオパトラ (曖昧さ回避)
ja:クレオパトラ7世


死者の書

死者の書 (canonical)
Shisha no Sho (romanization)

Calque of German Todtenbuch (modern spelling: Totenbuch), equivalent to 死者 (shisha, “dead person”) + の (no, possessive/attributive particle) + 書 (sho, “book”)


三国志演義

ja-pos

三(さん)国(ごく)志(し)演(えん)義(ぎ) • (Sangokushi Engi)

三国志演義 (canonical)
Sangokushi Engi (romanization)

From Chinese 三國志演義 /三国志演义 (Sānguózhì Yǎnyì).


三国志

三国志 (canonical)
Sangokushi (romanization)

(history) the Records of the Three Kingdoms


アレクサンドロス大王

アレクサンドロス だいおう

アレクサンドロス大(だい)王(おう) • (Arekusandorosu Daiō)

アレクサンドロス大王 (canonical)
Arekusandorosu Daiō (romanization)

From アレクサンドロス (Arekusandorosu, “Alexander”) + 大王 (daiō, “great king”).

af

ja:アレクサンドロス3世


アレクサンドロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros). Doublet of アレクサンダー (Arekusandā).


躁病

ja-noun

躁(そう)病(びょう) • (sōbyō) ^(←さうびやう (saubyau)?)

躁病 (canonical)
sōbyō (romanization)
saubyau (romanization)
さうびやう (hiragana historical)


カリグラ

[ka̠ɾʲiɡɯ̟ɾa̠]