西

西と言うたら東を悟れ

what is called in the west is realized in the east → necessary to understand the back as well as the front

西と言えば東と言う

if they say West, say East → tell the opposite thing every time

西も東も分からない

cannot tell east from west → cannot be understood at all

犬が西向きゃ尾は東

dog faces west while its tail points east → clearly obvious

Originally a compound of 去に (ini, “going away”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 去(い)ぬ (inu, “to go away”)) + し (shi, “wind; (by extension) direction”, as seen in other ancient-derived words as 嵐 (arashi, “storm”, literally “wild + wind”), 旋風 (tsumuji, “whirlwind”), 東 (higashi, “east”, from older pi muka si, literally “sun + facing + wind/direction”)).
First cited in the Kojiki of 712, with the phonetic spelling 爾斯 (nisi).

西向く侍 → 二四六九士

westward-facing samurai → mnemonic for months with less than 31 days, with 士 standing for 十一

(sumo) lower-ranked wrestlers listed on the left side of a banzuke


水

水 (canonical)
mizu (romanization)
midu (romanization)
みづ (hiragana historical)

⟨mi₁du⟩ → */mʲidu/ → /mid͡zu/ → /mizu/
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *mentu. Ryukyuan cognates support the existence of the first vowel having an initial mid vowel.
Possibly cognate with 瑞 (mizu, “freshness, youth”).
Possible cognate with Proto-Tungusic *mū, Jurchen 木克 (mu-ke /muke/), Manchu ᠮᡠᡴᡝ (muke), Goguryeo 買 (*me, “river; water”), Mongolian мөрөн (mörön, “river”), Korean 물 (mul, “water”).

君子の交わりは淡きこと水の如し

kunshi no majiwari wa awaki koto mizu no gotoshi

(sumo) short for 力水 (chikara mizu): water offered to sumo wrestlers before a bout


紋章

ja-noun

紋(もん)章(しょう) • (monshō) ^(←もんしやう (monsyau)?)

紋章 (canonical)
monshō (romanization)
monsyau (romanization)
もんしやう (hiragana historical)


刀

Daijirin
Daijisen
Man'yoshu
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
ja:松村明

From Old Japanese. 刀 first appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE. The furigana カ・タ・ナ for the phonetic attestation of katana only appears centuries later, however, the reading of 刀 in the Nihon Shoki and the Man'yoshu has been generally interpreted as identical to the reconstructed Proto-Japonic *katana.
Commonly suggested as a compound of 片 (kata, “one side”) + な (na, “edge”). This na element is spelled in monolingual Japanese sources as 刃 (“edge, blade”), but there is no historical attestation for any na reading for this character. A comparison with Middle Korean ᄂᆞᆶ〮 (nólh, “blade”) and modern Korean 날 (nal) suggests a Koreanic origin for this latter element. Vovin suggests a Old Korean coordinate term *xʌtʌŋ-nʌrh, due to the nature of the introduction of the specific type of single-edged sabers that are used with katana, mostly introducd from Korea from the 11th century onwards. Compare 直刀 chokuto for a more common reading of 刀 (“sword”) prior to the 11th century.

刀引: giving a sword worn on one's hip to another as a gift at a banquet

刀に懸けて: → a metaphor for firm resolve to see something through

the way that blood can cause the steel of a sword to rust

a derogatory term for someone who isn't even worth soil a sword

1999 September 23, “鎧(よろい)武(む)者(しゃ)ゾンビ [Armored Musha Zombie]”, in Vol.5, Konami:

A musha reanimated by deep hatred. Watch out when he brandishes his katana.

怨念により蘇った武者。闇雲にふりまわすカタナに注意。

Onnen ni yori yomigaetta musha. Yamikumo ni furimawasu katana ni chūi.

短刀

traditional Japanese [[knife]] or [[dagger]]

大小

“big and small”: the katana and wakizashi as a [[set]]

(weaponry) a single-edged sword, such as a katana


東

→ English: higashi

/ɸiŋɡaɕi/ → /ɸiɡaɕi/ → /hiɡaɕi/
Sound shift from hingashi (see Etymology 2 below).
Now the standard word for east.

(sumo) higher-ranked wrestlers listed on the right of a banzuke


右

From Middle Chinese 右 (MC hjuwX).
The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.


営

From Middle Chinese 營 (MC yweng).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.


型

Noun senses are attested from the 8th century, with suffix use later. See 形(かた) (kata). Compare also 姿(すがた) (sugata, “appearance, likeness”), 模(かたぎ) (katagi, “model, pattern, template”).

ja-r

(martial arts) kata (choreographed training exercises)


左

[pidari] → [ɸidari] → [çidari].
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. From Proto-Japonic *pintari.


弓

Bow (music)
Bow and arrow
Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Yumi
ja:弓 (楽器)
ja:弓 (武器)

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *yumi. Appears in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE), with a phonetic spelling of 由美 ⟨yumi₁⟩, */yumʲi/.

梓弓

a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa

破魔弓

a traditional Shintō ceremonial bow for dispel evil

鏃 (yajiri): arrowhead; 簳 (yagara): arrow-shaft; 羽 (hane): arrow-fletching

仗, 杖: yumi stave; 弦: yumi bowstring; 矢: an arrow; 靫): a quiver; 胸当て: kyudo plastron/chestguard; 弽: kyudo glove; 弩

a bow:
(weaponry) a bow for shooting arrows


拳

From Middle Chinese 拳 (MC gjwen).
The standalone noun senses are first cited to texts from the 1500s.

蟷螂拳

太極拳

波動拳

1999 February 20 [1994 April 15], Rumiko Takahashi, “ＰＡＲＴ(パート).２ [海](うみ)[千](せん)[拳](けん)と[山](やま)[千](せん)[拳](けん) [PART.2 Umisenken and Yamasenken]”, in らんま½ [Ranma ½], 10th edition, volume 28 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN:

海千拳？

海千拳？

2000 December 20 [1999 May 17], Maekawa, Takeshi, “水(すい)面(めん)の戦(たたか)いの巻(まき) [Water Struggle]”, in 新(しん)鉄(てっ)拳(けん)チンミ [New Ironfist Chinmi], 2nd edition, volume 6 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, pages 158–161:

通背拳⁉吊り橋でみせたあの技で 水を‥‥‼

Tsūhaiken⁉ Tsurihashi de miseta ano waza de Mizu o‥‥‼

Tongbeiquan⁉ I saw him use this move at the suspension bridge, but now on water‥‥⁉

通背拳⁉吊り橋でみせたあの技で 水を‥‥‼

通背拳⁉吊り橋でみせたあの技で 水を‥‥‼

通背拳⁉吊り橋でみせたあの技で 水を‥‥‼

2001 January 23, Masami Kurumada, “女神(アテナ)の聖闘士(セイント)の巻(まき) [Athena’s Saints]”, in Saint(セイント)星(セイ)矢(ヤ) [Saint Seiya], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 60:

ペガサス流星拳‼

2004 September 8, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第(だい)36話(わ) カーニバル［祭(まつり)］ [Chapter 36: Carnival]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) [Armed Alchemy], volume 4, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

直撃！ブラボー拳‼

(martial arts) used in the names of styles, or moves that involve punching


掌

掌 (canonical)
-shō (romanization)
-syau (romanization)
しやう (hiragana historical)

条拳法 八卦六十四掌

Jūkenpō: Eight Trigrams, Sixty-Four Palms

2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “第(だい)60話(わ) 少(しょう)女(じょ)の決(けつ)意(い) [Chapter 60: A Girl’s Resolve]”, in 東(とう)京(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, pages 30–31:

This is the flame that helped put me, Seki, at the top of the Supei!!! Garyū Sōrenshō

これがこの赤を師兵の頂点たらしめる炎だッ!!!我龍双煉掌

Kore ga kono Seki o Sūpei no chōten tarashimeru honō da'!!! Garyū Sōrenshō

(martial arts) used in the names of moves that involve hitting and pushing hard with the palm


政

政 (canonical)
matsurigoto (romanization)

政を為すは猶沐するが如し

matsurigoto o nasu wa nao moku suru ga gotoshi

Possibly from Old Japanese.
Originally a compound of 祭り (matsuri, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 祭る (matsuru), “to enshrine, worship”) + 事 (koto, “matter, thing”). The koto changes to goto as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

太政官

太政 おおいまつりごとの


星

/posi/ → /ɸoɕi/ → /hoɕi/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pəsi.

(sumo) a round mark indicating a victory or defeat in a bout


木

⟨ki₂⟩ → */kɨ/ → /ki/
From Old Japanese 木 (ki₂), from Proto-Japonic *kəi. Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *ke. For the vowel alternation, see Wiktionary:About Proto-Japonic § Standalone forms and combining forms.
First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.

猿も木から落ちる

even monkeys fall from trees → nobody's perfect

(theater, sumo, etc.) a clapper used to signal the opening or closing of a match or play


槍

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of 遣る (yaru, “to do, execute → to kill”).


的

From Old Japanese.
* May be derived from rare archaic verb いくう (ikuu, “to shoot (an arrow) at something”, archaic spelling いくふ).
: The ha element would presumably derive from the verb ending ふ (fu), which has a 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of ha. However, this is unlikely, as verb forms ending in -fu underwent the regular f- and h- > w- shift, which would result in a reading of *ikuwa rather than the correct ikuha.
* The above phonetic discrepancy suggests that ikuha may instead be a compound of iku + ha.
: The iku element probably derives from root component いく (iku) meaning “shooting [arrows]”, as found in いくう (ikuu) and also in 戦 (ikusa, “a battle”, original meaning “the shooting of arrows”). The iku element might be related to verb 射る (iru, “to shoot an arrow”), or obsolete verb 生く (iku, “to live; to make something live, to make something go”), likely cognate with 行く (iku, “to go”).
: The ha element is uncertain. It might be 端 (ha, “the edge or end of something”), from the sense “the end [of the arrow's flight]”.

的所

the location where an archery target is placed


的

From Old Japanese. Alteration of ikuha above. Compare the iku <> yuku alteration in the verb 行く (iku, yuku, “to go”).


矢

From Old Japanese. Found in the Kojiki of 712 CE, and in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 CE.

光陰矢の如し。

Shine and shadow, just like an arrow. → Time flies like an arrow.

大夫之弓上振起射都流矢乎後将見人者語継金

masurao no yuzue furiokoshi itsuru ya o nochi mimu hito wa kataritsugu gane


突

CJK compatibility ideographs
Kyūjitai
Shinjitai
kyūjitai

(martial arts) an attacking move in kendo, sumo, et al.; thrust, lunge


管

From Old Japanese 管 (kuda, “pipe, tube”).

(military) short for 管の笛 (kuda no fue, “a kind of small pipe or flute used for signalling during a battle, similar to a fife”)


羽

From Old Japanese.
May be cognate with 葉 (ha, “leaf”).

(archery) when a bow is strung, the distance between the grip and the serving (nocking point) on the bowstring


脚

2004 September 8, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第(だい)３４(さんじゅうよん)話(わ) Let’s(レッツ) お見(み)舞(ま)い [Chapter 34: Let’s Go for a Hospital Visit]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) [Armed Alchemy], volume 4, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

流星・ブラボー脚‼

(martial arts) used in the names of moves that involve kicking


葵

葵 (canonical)
aoi (romanization)
afufi (romanization)
あふひ (hiragana historical)

Asarum caulescens
Wikispecies:Asarum caulescens

(heraldry) A design of mon using the image of Asarum caulescens.


袴

(historical, military): prior to World War II, the general term for trousers in the Imperial Japanese Army


褌

→ English: fundoshi

[ɸɯ̟̃ndo̞ɕi]

越中褌

越中褌 えっちゅうふんどし

西洋褌

西洋褌 せいようふんどし

六尺褌

六尺褌 ろくしゃくふんどし

湯文字: a kind of loincloth wrap used while bathing

a similar wrap worn historically by women under a kimono

人の褌で相撲を取る

(sumo) a sumo wrestler's traditional apron


褌

(sumo) a sumo wrestler's belt, a mawashi


軍

/kʲun/ → /ɡun/
From Middle Chinese 軍 (MC kjun).

(historical, military) during the Zhou dynasty, an army of five 師 (shi, “divisions of 2500 soldiers”) totaling 12500 soldiers


釵

From Middle Chinese 釵 (MC tsrhea). Compare modern Mandarin 釵／钗 (chāi, “hairpin; sai (weapon)”).
This character was originally used in Japanese to mean (ornamental) hairpin, and was read with a kun'yomi of kanzashi. The similarity in shape between a hairpin and the weapon called a sai later led to this character being used to refer to the weapon. In modern Japanese, this character is read primarily with its on'yomi of sai, and is used to refer to the weapon. The hairpin sense and kanzashi reading are more often spelled 簪.

(weaponry) a sai: a short blunt weapon with a wide guard, used mainly for defense against opponents armed with swords


鉈

From Old Japanese 鉈 (nata). Appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.
Possibly related to Old Japanese な (na, “blade, edge”).
Possibly cognate with Korean 낫 (nat), Korean 나대 (nadae) of similar meanings as Japanese 鉈 (nata).

(sumo) a technique of bending one's elbow and attacking an opponent's throat or chest with one's forearm (so called for the way the bent-elbow arm shape resembles certain varieties of nata woodworking tools)


閂

ja-noun

閂(かんぬき) • (kannuki) ^(←くわんぬき (kwannuki)?)

閂 (canonical)
kannuki (romanization)
kwannuki (romanization)
くわんぬき (hiragana historical)

[kã̠nːɯ̟kʲi]

/kʷan no ki/ → /kʷanːoki/ → /kʷanːuki/ → /kanːuki/
Shift from 貫の木 (kan no ki, literally “1-kan (3.75-kilogram/8.267-pound) wood”) or 関の木 (kan no ki, literally “barrier-wood”), possibly influenced by 貫き (nuki, “wooden beam used in joinery”).

(sumo) a grip in which one wrestler wraps his arms around both of his opponent’s arms and squeezes them together to maneuver the opponent for a kimedashi or kimetaoshi, or to weaken the opponent’s grip on the mawashi; a type of armbar


部屋

Originally a compound of へ (he, “separate”, cognate with the first element in 隔たる (hedataru, “to be apart”)) + 屋 (ya, “roof, house”).
First cited to the late 900s.

compound

cognate with the first element in <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">隔たる</i> (hedataru, “to be apart”)

八角部屋

(sumo) a stable where rikishi live and train together under a shisho oyakata (stable master)


双節棍

ja-noun

双節棍(ぬんちゃく) or 双節棍(ヌンチャク) • (nunchaku)

双節棍 (canonical)
双節棍 (canonical)
nunchaku (romanization)

[nɯ̟̃ɲ̟t͡ɕa̠kɯ̟]

Borrowed from Okinawan 双節棍 (nunchaku), from Hokkien 兩節棍／雙節棍 /两节棍／双节棍 (nn̄g-chat-kùn).


眼鏡

ja-noun

眼(がん)鏡(きょう) • (gankyō) ^(←がんきやう (gankyau)?)

眼鏡 (canonical)
gankyō (romanization)
gankyau (romanization)
がんきやう (hiragana historical)

[ɡã̠ŋʲkʲo̞ː]

/ɡankjau/ → /ɡankjɔː/ → /ɡankjoː/
Probably a borrowing from written Chinese 眼鏡 /眼镜 (yǎnjìng). Eyeglasses are first mentioned in Chinese in the 1400s as 靉靆 /叆叇 (aidai?), a transcription of an Arabic term. By the late Ming dynasty, eyeglasses appear in writing as 靉靆即眼鏡 /叆叇即眼镜 (“aidai, i.e. eye-lenses”), using the compound term 眼鏡 /眼镜 (yǎnjìng, literally “eye + lens”). Compare modern Min Nan reading gán-kiàⁿ.
This reading appears in texts from the 1920s.

(military, possibly archaic) glasses, eyeglasses

両眼鏡

両眼鏡 りょうがんきょう


手裏剣

Compound of 手裏 (shuri, “in the hand”) + 剣 (ken, “sword; blade”). Originally *syurikemu were straight double-edged throwing blades.

compound

(weaponry) shuriken, throwing star (a ninja weapon)


上手

上手 (canonical)
uwate (romanization)
ufate (romanization)
うはて (hiragana historical)

下手

antonym(s) of “downstream, downwind, stage right”

Compound of 上 (uwa, “up, upper”) + 手 (te, “hand”).

(sumo) the upper hand in an overhand hold


将軍

ja-noun

将(しょう)軍(ぐん) • (shōgun) ^(←しやうぐん (syaugun)?)

将軍 (canonical)
shōgun (romanization)
syaugun (romanization)
しやうぐん (hiragana historical)

→ Danish: shogun c

→ English: shogun

→ French: shogun m

→ Indonesian: syogun

→ Italian: shogun m

→ Polish: siogun m

→ Portuguese: xogum

/sʲaːᵑ kun/ → /ɕauɡun/ → /ɕɔːɡun/ → /ɕoːɡun/
From Middle Chinese compound 將軍 (MC tsjang kjun). Compare modern Min Nan 將軍 /将军 (chiong-kun), Eastern Min 將軍 /将军 (ciŏng-gŭng).
The “shogun” sense is originally short for 征夷大将軍 (seii taishōgun, literally “commander in chief of the expeditionary force to expel barbarians”).

(military) a commander of troops, especially of an expeditionary or frontline force

(military) synonym of 将官 (shōkan): a general officer

(military, historical) a shogun, supreme generalissimo of feudal Japan


ICBM

ICBM (canonical)
aishībīemu (romanization)


KO

ja-verb-suru

KO(ケーオー)する • (kē-ō suru) suru (stem KO(ケーオー)し (kē-ō shi), past KO(ケーオー)した (kē-ō shita))

KOする (canonical)
kē-ō suru (romanization)
KOし (stem)
KOした (past)
KOし
ケーオーし
kē-ō shi
KOする
ケーオーする
kē-ō suru
KOすれ
ケーオーすれ
kē-ō sure
KOせよ (imperative literary)
KOしろ (colloquial imperative)
ケーオーせよ (imperative literary)
ケーオーしろ (colloquial imperative)
kē-ō seyo (imperative literary)
kē-ō shiro (colloquial imperative)
KOされる (passive)
ケーオーされる (passive)
kē-ō sareru (passive)
KOさせる (causative)
KOさす (causative)
ケーオーさせる (causative)
ケーオーさす (causative)
kē-ō saseru (causative)
kē-ō sasu (causative)
KOできる (potential)
ケーオーできる (potential)
kē-ō dekiru (potential)
KOしよう (volitional)
ケーオーしよう (volitional)
kē-ō shiyō (volitional)
KOしない (negative)
ケーオーしない (negative)
kē-ō shinai (negative)
KOせず (continuative negative)
ケーオーせず (continuative negative)
kē-ō sezu (continuative negative)
KOします (formal)
ケーオーします (formal)
kē-ō shimasu (formal)
KOした (perfective)
ケーオーした (perfective)
kē-ō shita (perfective)
KOして (conjunctive)
ケーオーして (conjunctive)
kē-ō shite (conjunctive)
KOすれば (conditional hypothetical)
ケーオーすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kē-ō sureba (conditional hypothetical)
KOし [kē-ō shi]
KOする [kē-ō suru]
KOして [kē-ō shite] (conjunctive)
KOしないで [kē-ō shinai de] (conjunctive negative)
KOしなくて [kē-ō shinakute] (conjunctive negative)
KOしない [kē-ō shinai] (negative)
KOします [kē-ō shimasu] (polite)
KOしません [kē-ō shimasen] (negative polite)
KOした [kē-ō shita]
KOしなかった [kē-ō shinakatta] (negative)
KOしました [kē-ō shimashita] (polite)
KOしませんでした [kē-ō shimasen deshita] (negative polite)
KOされ [kē-ō sare] (passive)
KOされる [kē-ō sareru] (passive)
KOされない [kē-ō sarenai] (negative passive)
KOされます [kē-ō saremasu] (passive polite)
KOされません [kē-ō saremasen] (negative passive polite)
KOされた [kē-ō sareta] (passive past)
KOされなかった [kē-ō sarenakatta] (negative passive past)
KOされました [kē-ō saremashita] (passive)
KOされませんでした [kē-ō saremasen deshita] (negative passive)
KOさせ [kē-ō sase] (causative)
KOさせる [kē-ō saseru] (causative)
short form: KOさす [kē-ō sasu] (causative)
KOさせない [kē-ō sasenai] (causative negative)
KOさせます [kē-ō sasemasu] (causative polite)
KOさせません [kē-ō sasemasen] (causative negative polite)
KOさせた [kē-ō saseta] (causative past)
KOさせなかった [kē-ō sasenakatta] (causative negative past)
KOさせました [kē-ō sasemashita] (causative)
KOさせませんでした [kē-ō sasemasen deshita] (causative negative)
KOでき [kē-ō deki] (potential)
KOできる [kē-ō dekiru] (potential)
KOできない [kē-ō dekinai] (negative potential)
KOできます [kē-ō dekimasu] (polite potential)
KOできません [kē-ō dekimasen] (negative polite potential)
KOできた [kē-ō dekita] (past potential)
KOできなかった [kē-ō dekinakatta] (negative past potential)
KOできました [kē-ō dekimashita] (potential)
KOできませんでした [kē-ō dekimasen deshita] (negative potential)
written: KOせよ [kē-ō seyo] (imperative)
spoken: KOしろ [kē-ō shiro] (imperative)
KOしてください [kē-ō shite kudasai] (imperative)
KOしないでください [kē-ō shinai de kudasai] (imperative negative)
KOしなさい [kē-ō shinasai] (imperative)
KOするな [kē-ō suru na] (imperative negative)
KOしよう [kē-ō shiyō] (imperative)
KOしましょう [kē-ō shimashō] (imperative polite)
KOすれば [kē-ō sureba] (conditional)
KOしなければ [kē-ō shinakereba] (conditional negative)
colloquial: KOしなきゃ [kē-ō shinakya] (conditional negative)
KOしたら [kē-ō shitara] (conditional)
KOしなかったら [kē-ō shinakattara] (conditional negative)
KOさせられ [kē-ō saserare] (conditional)
KOさせられる [kē-ō saserareru] (conditional)
KOさせられない [kē-ō saserarenai] (conditional negative)
KOさせられます [kē-ō saseraremasu] (conditional polite)
KOさせられません [kē-ō saseraremasen] (conditional negative polite)
KOさせられた [kē-ō saserareta] (conditional past)
KOさせられなかった [kē-ō saserarenakatta] (conditional negative past)
KOさせられました [kē-ō saseraremashita] (conditional)
KOしたい [kē-ō shitai] (desiderative)
KOしたくない [kē-ō shitaku nai] (desiderative negative)
For other desiderative forms (desiderative)
KOしている [kē-ō shite iru] (desiderative)
contraction: KOしてる [kē-ō shiteru] (desiderative)
KOしていない [kē-ō shite inai] (desiderative negative)
contraction: KOしてない [kē-ō shitenai] (desiderative negative)
KOしています [kē-ō shite imasu] (desiderative polite)
KOしていません [kē-ō shite imasen] (desiderative negative polite)
KOしていた [kē-ō shite ita] (desiderative past)
KOしていなかった [kē-ō shite inakatta] (desiderative negative past)
KOしていました [kē-ō shite imashita] (desiderative)
KOしていませんでした [kē-ō shite imasen deshita] (desiderative negative)
KOせぬ [kē-ō senu]
KOせん [kē-ō sen]
KOせず [kē-ō sezu] (continuative negative)
KOせず [kē-ō sezu]
KOしたり [kē-ō shitari]


有効

ja-noun

有(ゆう)効(こう) • (yūkō)

(judo) yuko, the points awarded for a type of move in a judo match or the judge's call of yuko


軍隊

(military) armed forces such as the army, the navy, or the air force


軍曹

軍曹 (canonical)
gunsō (romanization)
gunsau (romanization)
ぐんさう (hiragana historical)

[ɡɯ̟̃ɰ̃so̞ː]


伍長

伍長 (canonical)
gochō (romanization)
gotyau (romanization)
ごちやう (hiragana historical)


曹長

曹(そう)長(ちょう) • (sōchō) ^(←さうちやう (sautyau)?)

曹長 (canonical)
sōchō (romanization)
sautyau (romanization)
さうちやう (hiragana historical)

[so̞ːt͡ɕo̞ː]

曹長は攻撃を命令した。


作戦

[sa̠kɯ̟̊sẽ̞ɴ]

一大作戦を行う


空手道

空(から)手(て) (karate, “karate”) + 道(どう) (dō, “way”).


太極拳

太極拳 (canonical)
taikyokuken (romanization)

[ta̠ikʲo̞kɯ̟̊kẽ̞ɴ]

From Chinese 太極拳 /太极拳 (tàijíquán), equivalent to 太極 (taikyoku, “taiji”) + 拳 (-ken, “martial arts style”).


金星

Compound of 金 (kin, “gold”) + 星 (hoshi, “star”). The hoshi changes to boshi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

銀星: a win by a rikishi of the lower maegashira rank over an ōzeki

(sumo) a win by a rikishi of the lower maegashira rank over a yokozuna

(sumo) a gold star mark displayed on the name and ranking board at a sumo competition indicating such a win


拳銃

ja-noun

拳(けん)銃(じゅう) • (kenjū) ^(←けんじゆう (kenzyuu)?) (counter 丁／挺)

拳銃 (canonical)
kenjū (romanization)
kenzyuu (romanization)
丁／挺 (counter)
けんじゆう (hiragana historical)

[kẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨː]

From 拳 (ken, “fist”) + 銃 (jū, “gun”).
Appeared in 五国対照兵語字書 (Gokoku Taishō Heigo Jisho) of 1881 as a translation of French pistolet.

lw

国立国会図書館#国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション

国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション

国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション (“National Diet Library Digital Collections”)

2004 July 7, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第(だい)26(にじゅうろく)話(わ) トレーニング・デイ [Chapter 26: Training Day]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) [Armed Alchemy], volume 3, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 161:

Handguns are weapons of last resort! Do not casually point muzzles at people!

拳銃は最後の武器！銃口を人に向けてはダメ！

Kenjū wa saigo no buki! Jūkō o hito ni mukete wa dame!

National Diet Library#National Diet Library Digital Collections


変化

変化 (canonical)
henka (romanization)
fenkwa (romanization)
へんくわ (hiragana historical)

変 (hen, “to change”) + 化 (ka, “to change into”)

compound

(sumo) a step to one side during the tachiai, the initial charge at the start of a sumo match; a sidestep


工廠

ja-noun

工(こう)廠(しょう) • (kōshō) ^(←こうしやう (kousyau)?)

工廠 (canonical)
kōshō (romanization)
kousyau (romanization)
こうしやう (hiragana historical)


戦術

[sẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨt͡sɨ]


土俵

土俵 (canonical)
dohyō (romanization)
dofeu (romanization)
どへう (hiragana historical)

→ English: dohyo

→ Indonesian: dohyo


元年

紀元元年

洪武元年

平成元年

令和元年

光武元年

嘉隆元年

(monarchy) the first year of a calendar era, especially an East Asian imperial reign


技あり

技あり (canonical)
waza-ari (romanization)
技有り (alternative)

(judo) yuko, points or the judge call to the points in judo match. Fewer points to ippon.


一本

Compound of 一 (ichi, “one”) + 本 (hon, counter for various things, such as documents, or long slender objects).
First cited to the Man'yōshū of 759 CE.

com

(judo) Ippon, a full point, the most valuable judgement that can be awarded for a single action; compare waza-ari, yuko, koka.


柔道家

ja-noun

柔(じゅう)道(どう)家(か) • (jūdōka)

[d͡ʑɨːdo̞ːka̠]

From 柔道 (jūdo, “judo”) + 家 (ka, “practitioner”).

(judo) judoka, A practitioner of the Japanese martial art of judo.


柔道着

柔(じゅう)道(どう)着(ぎ) • (jūdōgi)

[d͡ʑɨːdo̞ːɡʲi]

From 柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”) + 着(ぎ) (gi, “wear”)

ja-r

柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”)

(judo) a set of wear in Japanese martial art of judo, e.g. top-wear, bottom-wear and belt (obi).


効果

効果 (canonical)
kōka (romanization)
kaukwa (romanization)
かうくわ (hiragana historical)

(judo) koka, points or the judge call to the points in the match of Japanese martial art of judo. less points to yuko.


キング

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:キング
ja:キング (チェス)
ja:キング (トランプ)
ja:松村明

(informal, monarchy) synonym of 王 (ō, “king”)


クイーン

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:クイーン
ja:クイーン (チェス)
ja:クイーン (トランプ)
ja:松村明

ja-noun

クイーン • (kuīn)


大臣

(politics) a government minister of Japan or ancient China

(politics, historical) a senior minister or superior in the 太政官 (Daijō-kan, “Great Council of State”), namely the 太政大臣 (daijō-daijin), 左大臣 (sadaijin), 右大臣 (udaijin), and 内大臣 (naidaijin)


大臣

大臣 (canonical)
ōomi (romanization)
ofoomi (romanization)
おほおみ (hiragana historical)

From 大 (ō-, “big, great”) + 臣 (omi, “vassal”).

prefix

(politics, historical) a chief consul in the ancient Yamato court, equivalent to and replaced by 左大臣 (sadaijin) and 右大臣 (udaijin) during the Taika Reforms


大臣

ja-noun

大臣(おおいもうちぎみ) • (ōimōchigimi) ^(←おほいまうちぎみ (ofoimautigimi)?)

大臣 (canonical)
ōimōchigimi (romanization)
ofoimautigimi (romanization)
おほいまうちぎみ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 大 (ōi-, prefix of superiority) + 公卿 (mōchigimi, “senior court official”).

prefix

(politics, historical, archaic) a senior minister or superior in the 太政官 (Ōimatsurigoto no Tsukasa, “Great Council of State”)

太政大臣

太政大臣 おおきおおいもうちぎみ


大臣

ja-noun

大臣(おおまえつぎみ) • (ōmaetsugimi) ^(←おほまへつぎみ (ofomafetugimi)?)

大臣 (canonical)
ōmaetsugimi (romanization)
ofomafetugimi (romanization)
おほまへつぎみ (hiragana historical)

Shift from Old Japanese 大臣 (opomape₁tuki₁mi₁).
Equivalent to 大 (ō-, “big, great”) + 公卿 (maetsugimi, ancient pronunciation of mōchigimi, “senior court official who serves before the Emperor”).


総理大臣

総理大臣 (canonical)
sōridaijin (romanization)

[so̞ːɾʲida̠iʑĩɴ]

総理 (“prime minister”, literally “leader”) + 大臣 (“(senior) minister”)

com

(government, politics) prime minister of Japan

内閣総理大臣

内閣総理大臣 ないかくそうりだいじん


総統

ja-noun

総(そう)統(とう) • (sōtō)

Ultimate derivation unclear. May be a coinage in Japan from Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 総 (sō, “all, everything”) + 統 (tō, “rule, govern”).
First cited in Japanese to a text from 1869.

compound

1948年、蒋介石は中華民国憲法施行後の初代総統に選ばれました。

“蒋介石総統と中華民国”, in Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall; English version in “President Chiang Kai-shek and the Republic of China”, in Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall:

In 1948, Chiang was elected to serve as First-term President under the new Constitution.

(government, politics, uncommon, China) president

フランコ総統はガリシア出身のスペイン軍人から政治家になり、やがて独裁者（総統）になって、反対勢力を粛清したといわれていますが、果たしてその実像や如何に：〜

2011 April 11, “フランコ総統1951アフリカ植民地を歴訪”, in stampmates.sakura.ne.jp:

(government, politics) generalissimo (such as Francisco Franco of Spain), caudillo (such as Francisco Franco of Spain)


共産主義

共産主義 (canonical)
kyōsanshugi (romanization)

[kʲo̞ːsã̠ɰ̃ɕɨɡʲi]

共産主義者

共産主義者 きょうさんしゅぎしゃ

民主主義

民主主義 みんしゅしゅぎ

社会主義

社会主義 しゃかいしゅぎ


行司

行司 (canonical)
gyōji (romanization)
gyauzi (romanization)
ぎやうじ (hiragana historical)

→ English: gyoji

/ɡyauzi/ → /ɡjoːʑi/
From Middle Chinese 行司 (MC hang si). For the sumo referee term, attested in the Muromachi period as 行(ぎょう)事(じ) (“event”); this kanji compound is likely the modern notation.


選挙

選挙に行く

to go to an official voting place (and cast a vote)

朝から選挙がうるさい。

The campaigning is irritatingly noisy even from early in the morning.


陸軍

[ɾʲikɯ̟ɡɯ̟̃ɴ]


場所

→ Chinese: 場所 /场所 (chǎngsuǒ)

→ Korean: 장소 (jangso)

→ Palauan: basio


候補者

ja-noun

候(こう)補(ほ)者(しゃ) • (kōhosha) ^(←こうほしや (koufosya)?)

候補者 (canonical)
kōhosha (romanization)
koufosya (romanization)
こうほしや (hiragana historical)

(politics) candidate (a person who is running in an election or who is applying to a position for a job)


大王

大王 (canonical)
daiō (romanization)
daiwau (romanization)
だいわう (hiragana historical)

大 (dai-, “great”) + 王 (ō, “king”), from Chinese 大王

アレクサンドロス大王

2001 March 10 [1998 December 16], Motohiro Katou, “ミネルヴァの梟(ふくろう) [Owl of Minerva]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], 9th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 102:

The king of clubs is Alexander the Great of Macedonia

クラブのＫはマケドニアのアレクサンダー大王

Kurabu no kingu wa Makedonia no Arekusandā Daiō

(monarchy) a "great king" (used in the titles of or as the term of address for some kings, and also as a translation of English "the Great")

(monarchy) a "great prince" (used in the titles of some ruling princes)


大帝

大 (tai-, “great; grand”) + 帝 (tei, “emperor”)

pre

明治大帝

カール/チャールズ大帝

ピョートル大帝

ロムルス大帝

(monarchy) a "great emperor" (used in the titles of some monarchs, and also as a translation of English "the Great")


太い

ja-adj

太(ふと)い • (futoi) -i (adverbial 太(ふと)く (futoku))

太い (canonical)
futoi (romanization)
太く (adverbial)
太かろ (imperfective stem)
ふとかろ (imperfective stem)
futokaro (imperfective)
太く (continuative stem)
ふとく (continuative stem)
futoku (continuative)
太い (stem terminative)
ふとい (stem terminative)
futoi (terminative)
太い (attributive stem)
ふとい (attributive stem)
futoi (attributive)
太けれ (hypothetical stem)
ふとけれ (hypothetical stem)
futokere (hypothetical)
太かれ (imperative stem)
ふとかれ (imperative stem)
futokare (imperative)
太くない (informal negative)
ふとくない (informal negative)
futoku nai (informal negative)
太かった (informal past)
ふとかった (informal past)
futokatta (informal past)
太くなかった (informal negative past)
ふとくなかった (informal negative past)
futoku nakatta (informal negative past)
太いです (formal)
ふといです (formal)
futoi desu (formal)
太くないです (formal negative)
ふとくないです (formal negative)
futoku nai desu (formal negative)
太かったです (formal past)
ふとかったです (formal past)
futokatta desu (formal past)
太くなかったです (formal negative past)
ふとくなかったです (formal negative past)
futoku nakatta desu (formal negative past)
太くて (conjunctive)
ふとくて (conjunctive)
futokute (conjunctive)
太ければ (conditional)
ふとければ (conditional)
futokereba (conditional)
太かったら (conditional past)
ふとかったら (conditional past)
futokattara (conditional past)
太かろう (volitional)
ふとかろう (volitional)
futokarō (volitional)
太く (adverbial)
ふとく (adverbial)
futoku (adverbial)
太さ (noun-from-adj)
ふとさ (noun-from-adj)
futosa (noun-from-adj)

large (of size):
(archery) wide distance of a bow


虫眼鏡

虫眼鏡 (canonical)
mushi megane (romanization)

Compound of 虫 (mushi, “bug, insect”) + 眼鏡 (megane, “eyeglass[es]”).

com

(slang, sumo) the lowest rank in major-league sumo, so called because the 力士 (rikishi, “sumo wrestler”) names are displayed at the bottom of the 番付 (banzuke, “sumo rankings list or program”) in a small font, requiring the use of a magnifying glass to read easily


浴びせる

ja-verb

浴(あ)びせる • (abiseru) transitive ichidan (stem 浴(あ)びせ (abise), past 浴(あ)びせた (abiseta))

浴びせる (canonical)
abiseru (romanization)
浴びせ (stem)
浴びせた (past)
浴びせ
あびせ
abise
浴びせる
あびせる
abiseru
浴びせれ
あびせれ
abisere
浴びせよ (imperative literary)
浴びせろ (colloquial imperative)
あびせよ (imperative literary)
あびせろ (colloquial imperative)
abiseyo (imperative literary)
abisero (colloquial imperative)
浴びせられる (passive)
あびせられる (passive)
abiserareru (passive)
浴びせさせる (causative)
浴びせさす (causative)
あびせさせる (causative)
あびせさす (causative)
abisesaseru (causative)
abisesasu (causative)
浴びせられる (potential)
浴びせれる (colloquial potential)
あびせられる (potential)
あびせれる (colloquial potential)
abiserareru (potential)
abisereru (colloquial potential)
浴びせよう (volitional)
あびせよう (volitional)
abiseyō (volitional)
浴びせない (negative)
浴びせぬ (negative)
浴びせん (negative)
あびせない (negative)
あびせぬ (negative)
あびせん (negative)
abisenai (negative)
abisenu (negative)
abisen (negative)
浴びせず (continuative negative)
あびせず (continuative negative)
abisezu (continuative negative)
浴びせます (formal)
あびせます (formal)
abisemasu (formal)
浴びせた (perfective)
あびせた (perfective)
abiseta (perfective)
浴びせて (conjunctive)
あびせて (conjunctive)
abisete (conjunctive)
浴びせれば (conditional hypothetical)
あびせれば (conditional hypothetical)
abisereba (conditional hypothetical)

/abusu/ → /abusuru/ → /abisuru/ → /abiseru/
From classical verb 浴びす (abisu), itself from older 浴ぶす (abusu), ultimately from Old Japanese 浴むす (amusu).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

(sumo) to put one’s body onto (an opponent)


政党

政党 (canonical)
seitō (romanization)
seitau (romanization)
せいたう (hiragana historical)


叩き込み

叩き込み (canonical)
hatakikomi (romanization)

The nominalized form of the verb 叩(はた)き込(こ)む (hatakikomu). The verb is a compound of two other verbs: 叩(はた)く (hataku) and 込(こ)む (komu).

朝野新聞, January 6, 1892: 大相撲 … 外の海（ハタキコミ）鬼ケ谷

(sumo) A winning technique in which dodges an opponent and one slaps their shoulder, neck, or back forcing them to fall forward.


副将

ja-noun

副(ふく)将(しょう) • (fukushō) ^(←ふくしやう (fukusyau)?)

副将 (canonical)
fukushō (romanization)
fukusyau (romanization)
ふくしやう (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟̊kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

From 副 (fuku-, “vice-”) + 将 (shō, “commander”).


軍馬

軍馬 (canonical)
gunba (romanization)
ぐんば (hiragana historical)


司馬

(historical, government, religion, military) a position in feudal China, responsible for certain bureaucratic, religious and military affairs


横綱

(sumo) yokozuna (the highest rank in sumo-wrestling or a person holding the title)


陛下

天皇陛下

皇后陛下

Her Imperial Majesty the Empress (Consort)

天皇皇后両陛下

Their Imperial Majesties the Emperor and Empress (Consort)

女王陛下

勘(かん)違(ちが)いされては困(こま)る 貴(き)様(さま)のためになど戦(たたか)うつもりは毛(もう)頭(とう)ない！わしをつき動(うご)かすのは国王陛下(モルドレッド様)への忠(ちゅう)誠(せい)心(しん)のみ！

2004 May 1, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “第(だい)28話(わ) 揺(ゆ)れる王(おう)国(こく) [Chapter 28: The Kingdom Shaken]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], volume 7 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, pages 150–151:

Make no mistake, I have no intention of fighting for you! I am doing it only because I swore allegiance to His Majesty!

Kanchigai sarete wa komaru Kisama no tame ni nado tatakau tsumori wa mōtō nai! Washi o tsukiugokasu no wa Kokuō Heika (Morudoreddo-sama) e no chūseishin nomi!

(monarchy) Your Majesty; His Majesty; Her Majesty


下手

Compound of 下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”).
Occasionally encountered with rendaku (連濁), where the -te ending changes to -de.

compound

(sumo) an underhand or lower hand hold, in which the wrestler's hand or arm is underneath or on the inside of the opponent's hand or arm


中道

ja-noun

中(ちゅう)道(どう) • (chūdō) ^(←ちゆうだう (tyuudau)?)

中道 (canonical)
chūdō (romanization)
tyuudau (romanization)
ちゆうだう (hiragana historical)

ja:中道 ja:中道政治

中道右派


公卿

公卿 (canonical)
kugyō (romanization)
kugyau (romanization)
くぎやう (hiragana historical)

/kuᵑ kʲau/ → /kuɡʲau/ → /kuɡʲɔː/ → /kuɡʲoː/
From Middle Chinese 公卿 (MC kuwng khjaeng).
Separately, the 公 (kō, literally “official”) collectively refers to the 太政大臣 (daijō-daijin, “chancellor of the realm”), 左大臣 (sadaijin, “minister of the left”), and 右大臣 (udaijin, “minister of the right”); and 卿 (kei, literally “state minister”) the 大納言 (dainagon, “upper counselor”), 中納言 (chūnagon, “middle counselor”), the court nobility of the third rank or higher, and the 参議 (sangi, “state counselors”).

(politics, historical) a court nobleman; the nobility


公卿

From Middle Chinese 公卿 (MC kuwng khjaeng).

(by extension, politics, historical) Same as くぎょう (kugyō) above


参与

参与 (canonical)
san'yo (romanization)
さんよ (hiragana historical)

内閣官房参与

内閣官房 ないかくかんぼう


道場

道(どう)場(じょう) • (dōjō) ^(←だうぢやう (daudyau)?)

道場 (canonical)
dōjō (romanization)
daudyau (romanization)
だうぢやう (hiragana historical)

→ English: dojo

→ Russian: додзё (dodzjó)

→ French: dojo

→ Polish: dojo

/daudiau/ → /dɔːd͡ʑɔː/ → /doːʑoː/
From Middle Chinese 道場 (MC dawX drjang, literally “way + place”), itself originally a translation of Sanskrit बोधिमण्ड (bodhimaṇḍa, “seat of wisdom”).

der

(martial arts) dojo, training hall (place where martial arts are practiced)


相国

ja-noun

相(しょう)国(こく) • (shōkoku) ^(←しやうこく (syaukoku)?)

相国 (canonical)
shōkoku (romanization)
syaukoku (romanization)
しやうこく (hiragana historical)

[ɕo̞ːko̞kɯ̟]

/sʲau kokʉ/ → /ɕɔːkoku/ → /ɕoːkoku/
From Middle Chinese 相國 (MC sjangH kwok).

(politics, historical) Chinese equivalent to an umbrella term for 太政大臣 (daijō-daijin), 左大臣 (sadaijin), and 右大臣 (udaijin)


短刀

(weaponry) tanto (a traditional Japanese small sword or knife; often used as a secondary weapon to a katana)


兵站

(military) logistics (procurement, supply, maintenance, and transportation of equipment, facilities, and personnel)


ライト

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:ライト
ja:松村明

(politics) the conservative side of an issue, or a person with conservative views, synonym of 右派 (uha, “right wing”)


諸侯

諸 (pluralizing prefix) + 侯 (“nobleman; marquis”)

pre

(historical, feudalism) noblemen, especially those with familial ties to an East Asian 皇帝 (kōtei, “huangdi; emperor”), who were ranked by the 五爵 (goshaku, “five ranks”)


兵士

兵 (hei, “soldier”) + 士 (shi, “man of breeding”)


武器

1999 March 1, “格(かく)闘(とう)戦(せん)士(し)アルティメーター [Combat Warrior Ultimator]”, in Booster 1, Konami:

A combat warrior who fights with his bare hands, without ever using any weapon whatsoever.

武器をいっさい使わず、素手で戦いぬく格闘戦士。

Buki o issai tsukawazu, sude de tatakainuku kakutō senshi.

拳銃は最後の武器！銃口を人に向けてはダメ！

2012 October 5, “オーガの脱(だつ)獄(ごく)者(しゃ) [Ogre Jailbreaker]”, in ラヴニカへの回帰 [Return to Ravnica], Wizards of the Coast:

It took three years for it to occur to him to use the chain as a weapon. But once it did, he made up for lost time.

鎖を武器として使うという発想に至るまでに三年を要した。だがこれに気付いた彼は、無駄にした年月分を取り返した。

Kusari o buki toshite tsukau to iu hassō ni itaru made ni sannen o yōshita. Daga kore ni kizuita kare wa, muda ni shita toshitsukibun o torikaeshita.


中東

ja-pos

中(ちゅう)東(とう) • (Chūtō)

Compound of 中 (chū, “middle”) + 東 (tō, “east”), as a calque of English Middle East.

(geopolitics) Middle East (the geopolitical region at the intersection of Asia, Africa and Europe, comprising West Asia excluding the South Caucasus and additionally including all of Egypt and all of Turkey)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Middle East
ja:中東
ja:松村明


上将

ja-noun

上(じょう)将(しょう) • (jōshō) ^(←じゃうしゃう (zyausyau)?)

上将 (canonical)
jōshō (romanization)
zyausyau (romanization)
じゃうしゃう (hiragana historical)

上 (“upper”) + 将 (“commander; general (officer)”)

pre

[d͡ʑo̞ːɕo̞ː]

(military) a high-ranking general (officer) or commander

(military) clipping of 上将軍 (jōshōgun, “shogun-in-chief”)


上将

[d͡ʑo̞ːɕo̞ː]

(military, of the People's Liberation Army Ground/Air Force) a general

(military, of the People's Liberation Army Navy) an admiral


上将

[d͡ʑo̞ːɕo̞ː]

(military, of the Korean People's Army) a colonel general


上将

[d͡ʑo̞ːɕo̞ː]

(military, of the Vietnam People's Ground/Air Force) a colonel general


大将

ja-noun

大(たい)将(しょう) • (taishō) ^(←たいしやう (taisyau)?)

大将 (canonical)
taishō (romanization)
taisyau (romanization)
たいしやう (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 大將 (MC dajH|daH tsjang|tsjangH). First cited in Japanese to a text from 765.

(military) an admiral (naval officer of the highest rank)


MBT

MBT (canonical)
emu-bī-tī (romanization)

main battle tank
main battle tank#English

(military, initialism) MBT (“main battle tank”)


悪の枢軸

悪の枢軸 (canonical)
aku no sūjiku (romanization)

[a̠kɯ̟ no̞ sɨːʑikɯ̟]


ブーメラン

[bɯ̟ːme̞ɾã̠ɴ]

Borrowed from English boomerang, from Dharug bumariny.

天唾

if you spit at the sky, the spit comes back at you; sense 3; literally mean

(weaponry) a boomerang (flat curved airfoil)


行李

行李 (canonical)
kōri (romanization)
kauri (romanization)
かうり (hiragana historical)

Baggage
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shoku Nihongi
Wicker
ja:行李

/kauri/ → /kɔːri/ → /koːri/
From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 行李 (MC haeng liX, “baggage, luggage”). First cited in Japanese in a section of the 続日本紀 (Shoku Nihongi) dated to 706.

(historical, military) in the former Japanese army, the unit tasked with transporting materiel and supplies: military logistics


一世

一世 (canonical)
issei (romanization)
いっせ (alternative hiragana)
isse (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)
ひとよ (alternative hiragana)
hitoyo (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)

一世一元

(monarchy) one East Asian imperial reign


戦闘機

From 戦闘 (sentō, “fighting”) + 機 (-ki, short for 飛行機 (hikōki), “airplane”).

suf

short for <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">飛行機</i> (hikōki), “airplane”


入幕

(sumo) promotion to makuuchi, i.e. from jūryō to maegashira


入幕

ja-verb-suru

入(にゅう)幕(まく)する • (nyūmaku suru) suru (stem 入(にゅう)幕(まく)し (nyūmaku shi), past 入(にゅう)幕(まく)した (nyūmaku shita))

入幕する (canonical)
nyūmaku suru (romanization)
入幕し (stem)
入幕した (past)


風林火山

ja-noun

風(ふう)林(りん)火(か)山(ざん) • (fūrinkazan) ^(←ふうりんくわざん (fuurinkwazan)?)

風林火山 (canonical)
fūrinkazan (romanization)
fuurinkwazan (romanization)
ふうりんくわざん (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟ːɾʲĩŋka̠zã̠ɴ]

A contraction of the slogan on daimyō Takeda Shingen's army banner, 「疾如風、徐如林、侵掠如火、不動如山」, originally from Sun Tzu's The Art of War.

lang

「疾如風、徐如林、侵掠如火、不動如山」

「疾如風、徐如林、侵掠如火、不動如山」

(military) "wind-forest-fire-mountain", a military strategy that's based on the premise of being "as swift as the wind, as silent as the forest, as fierce as the fire, as firm as the mountain"

Fūrinkazan
Sun Tzu
Takeda Shingen
The Art of War
ja:風林火山


共産党

日本共産党


長槍

From 長 (naga, “long”) + 槍 (yari, “spear”).

2012 June 16, “海(かい)皇(おう)の長(なが)槍(やり)兵(へい) [Pikeman of the Sea Lord]”, in STRUCTURE DECK　海皇の咆哮 [STRUCTURE DECK: Roar of the Sea Lord], Konami:

These pikemen serves the Sea Lord who is said to reign over the depths. Deep-sea fish fear streams of pike attacks from the deep, gloomy sea floor.

海底を支配していると言われる、海皇に仕える長槍兵。深く暗い海の底から襲いかかる長槍の連続攻撃は、深海魚たちに恐れられている。

Kaitei o shihai shite iru to iwareru, Kaiō ni tsukaeru nagayarihei. Fukaku kurai umi no soko kara osoikakaru nagayari no renzoku kōgeki wa, shinkaigyo-tachi ni osorerarete iru.


火器

火器 (canonical)
kaki (romanization)
kwaki (romanization)
くわき (hiragana historical)

/kwaki/ → /kaki/
From Middle Chinese compound 火器 (*xwa^X khijᴴ, literally “fire + vessel”). Compare modern Mandarin 火器 (huǒqì).


弾頭

From Middle Chinese 彈頭 (MC danH duw, literally “shell, shot + head”).

ltc-l

(weaponry, archaic) the pointy end of an artillery shell


殿下

ja-noun

殿(でん)下(か) or 殿(てん)下(が) • (denka or tenga)

殿下 (canonical)
殿下 (canonical)
denka (romanization)
tenga (romanization)

皇太子殿下 / 皇嗣殿下

三笠宮殿下

敬宮殿下

Her Imperial Highness the Princess Toshi

秩父宮妃殿下

Her Imperial Highness the Princess (Consort) Chichibu

高松宮両殿下

Their Imperial Highnesses the Prince and Princess (Consort) Takamatsu

エディンバラ公フィリップ王配殿下

His Royal Highness the Prince (Consort) Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

(monarchy) Your Highness; His Highness; Her Highness


国民党

ja-pos

国(こく)民(みん)党(とう) • (Kokumintō) ^(←こくみんたう (Kokumintau)?)

国民党 (canonical)
Kokumintō (romanization)
Kokumintau (romanization)
こくみんたう (hiragana historical)

(politics) Japan Nation Party. See Wikipedia: Japan Nation Party


征夷大将軍

ja-noun

せい.い たいしょうぐん

せい.い たいしやうぐん

征(せい)夷(い)大(たい)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) • (seii taishōgun) ^(←せいいたいしやうぐん (seii taisyaugun)?)

征夷大将軍 (canonical)
seii taishōgun (romanization)
seii taisyaugun (romanization)
せいいたいしやうぐん (hiragana historical)

[ta̠iɕo̞ːɡɯ̟̃ɴ]

Compound of 征夷 (seii, “warring against barbarians”) + 大将軍 (taishōgun, “commander in chief”).

com

(military, historical) a commander of an expeditionary force sent to conquer and subdue the Emishi people

(military, politics, historical) a shogun, hereditary chief executive of a shogunate


元帥

ja-noun

元(げん)帥(すい) • (gensui) ^(←ぐゑんすゐ (gwenswi)?)

元帥 (canonical)
gensui (romanization)
gwenswi (romanization)
ぐゑんすゐ (hiragana historical)

admiral of the fleet
admiral of the fleet


総選挙

(politics) an election held when the term for a member of the house ends or when the Diet is dissolved; a general election

議会制民主主義

議会制民主主義 ぎかいせいみんしゅしゅぎ

政党政治

政党政治 せいとうせいじ

国政選挙

国政選挙 こくせいせんきょ

国会議員

国会議員 こっかいぎいん


マニフェスト

(politics) particularly, such a declaration of a political party; a party platform


踏み切る

ja-verb

踏(ふ)み切(き)る • (fumikiru) transitive godan (stem 踏(ふ)み切(き)り (fumikiri), past 踏(ふ)み切(き)った (fumikitta))

踏み切る (canonical)
fumikiru (romanization)
踏み切り (stem)
踏み切った (past)
踏み切ら
ふみきら
fumikira
踏み切り
ふみきり
fumikiri
踏み切る
ふみきる
fumikiru
踏み切れ
ふみきれ
fumikire
踏み切られる (passive)
ふみきられる (passive)
fumikirareru (passive)
踏み切らせる (causative)
踏み切らす (causative)
ふみきらせる (causative)
ふみきらす (causative)
fumikiraseru (causative)
fumikirasu (causative)
踏み切れる (potential)
ふみきれる (potential)
fumikireru (potential)
踏み切ろう (volitional)
ふみきろう (volitional)
fumikirō (volitional)
踏み切らない (negative)
ふみきらない (negative)
fumikiranai (negative)
踏み切らず (continuative negative)
ふみきらず (continuative negative)
fumikirazu (continuative negative)
踏み切ります (formal)
ふみきります (formal)
fumikirimasu (formal)
踏み切った (perfective)
ふみきった (perfective)
fumikitta (perfective)
踏み切って (conjunctive)
ふみきって (conjunctive)
fumikitte (conjunctive)
踏み切れば (conditional hypothetical)
ふみきれば (conditional hypothetical)
fumikireba (conditional hypothetical)

From 踏む (fumu, "step on," "tread on," "stamp") + 切る (kiru, "perform an action boldly").


仕切る

仕(し)切(き)る • (shikiru) transitive godan (stem 仕(し)切(き)り (shikiri), past 仕(し)切(き)った (shikitta))

仕切る (canonical)
shikiru (romanization)
仕切り (stem)
仕切った (past)
仕切ら
しきら
shikira
仕切り
しきり
shikiri
仕切る
しきる
shikiru
仕切れ
しきれ
shikire
仕切られる (passive)
しきられる (passive)
shikirareru (passive)
仕切らせる (causative)
仕切らす (causative)
しきらせる (causative)
しきらす (causative)
shikiraseru (causative)
shikirasu (causative)
仕切れる (potential)
しきれる (potential)
shikireru (potential)
仕切ろう (volitional)
しきろう (volitional)
shikirō (volitional)
仕切らない (negative)
しきらない (negative)
shikiranai (negative)
仕切らず (continuative negative)
しきらず (continuative negative)
shikirazu (continuative negative)
仕切ります (formal)
しきります (formal)
shikirimasu (formal)
仕切った (perfective)
しきった (perfective)
shikitta (perfective)
仕切って (conjunctive)
しきって (conjunctive)
shikitte (conjunctive)
仕切れば (conditional hypothetical)
しきれば (conditional hypothetical)
shikireba (conditional hypothetical)

From 仕(し) (shi, “do”) + 切(き)る (kiru, “cut off by a partition”).


バッテリー

(weaponry) a battery (coordinated group of artillery)


外交

ja-noun

外(がい)交(こう) • (gaikō) ^(←ぐわいかう (gwaikau)?)

外交 (canonical)
gaikō (romanization)
gwaikau (romanization)
ぐわいかう (hiragana historical)

(diplomacy) diplomacy (art of conducting international relations)


アーチェリー

アーチェリー • (ācherī)

[a̠ːt͡ɕe̞ɾʲiː]


要塞

要塞 (canonical)
yōsai (romanization)
eusai (romanization)
えうさい (hiragana historical)


離党

(politics) secession from one's political party


反動

(weaponry) recoil, kickback, repercussion


政権

政権が崩壊した。


大佐

大 (“grand”) + 佐 (“assistant”), likely modeled after 大将 (taishō, “general”). See 佐官 (sakan, “field officer”) for more. Compare North Korean 대좌 (daejwa) and Vietnamese đại tá (“senior colonel/captain”), North Korean 상좌 (sangjwa) and Vietnamese thượng tá (“army colonel; naval captain”), South Korean 대령 (daeryeong, “army colonel; naval captain”), and mainland Mandarin 大校 (dàxiào, “senior colonel/captain”).

ncog

ロイ・マスタング大佐

(military) a captain (naval officer with a rank between commander and commodore or rear admiral)


国交

diplomatic relations
diplomatic relations

(diplomacy) diplomatic relations (diplomatic intercourse)


迎撃

(military) intercept (interception of a missile)


公主

Middle Chinese 公主 (kuwng tsyu^X, literally “her marriage is presided by the 三公 (“Three Ducal Ministers”)”)

der

her marriage is presided by the <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">三公</i> (“Three Ducal Ministers”)

(historical, monarchy) a non-Japanese East Asian princess


正面

ja-noun

正(しょう)面(めん) • (shōmen) ^(←しやうめん (syaumen)?)

正面 (canonical)
shōmen (romanization)
syaumen (romanization)
しやうめん (hiragana historical)

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 正面 (MC tsyeng|tsyengH mjienH).
First attested in the early 1200s.

裏正面

the [[south]] side of the [[:土俵場#Japanese|土俵場]] (dohyōba, “the raised square wrestling ring”)

(sumo) the north side of the 土俵場 (dohyōba, “the raised square wrestling ring”)


戦隊

→ English: sentai


水兵

水 (“aqua-; hydro-”) + 兵 (“servicemember”)

pre

上等水兵

一等水兵

二等水兵


水素爆弾

水素爆弾 (canonical)
suiso bakudan (romanization)

水素 (suiso, “hydrogen; waterstuff”) + 爆弾 (bakudan, “bomb”)


呼び出し

呼び出し (canonical)
yobidashi (romanization)

Compound of 呼び (yobi, “calling”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 呼ぶ (yobu, “to call”)) + 出し (dashi, “out”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 出す (dasu, “to let or bring out”)). Literally, “calling [something] out”.

compound

(sumo) a ring attendant at a sumo match who announces competitors’ names and tends the dohyo between bouts


ライフル銃

ライフル銃 (canonical)
raifuru jū (romanization)


小火器

ja-noun

小(しょう)火(か)器(き) • (shōkaki) ^(←せうくわき (seukwaki)?)

小火器 (canonical)
shōkaki (romanization)
seukwaki (romanization)
せうくわき (hiragana historical)


票決

ja-verb-suru

票(ひょう)決(けつ)する • (hyōketsu suru) suru (stem 票(ひょう)決(けつ)し (hyōketsu shi), past 票(ひょう)決(けつ)した (hyōketsu shita))

票決する (canonical)
hyōketsu suru (romanization)
票決し (stem)
票決した (past)
票決し
ひょうけつし
hyōketsu shi
票決する
ひょうけつする
hyōketsu suru
票決すれ
ひょうけつすれ
hyōketsu sure
票決せよ (imperative literary)
票決しろ (colloquial imperative)
ひょうけつせよ (imperative literary)
ひょうけつしろ (colloquial imperative)
hyōketsu seyo (imperative literary)
hyōketsu shiro (colloquial imperative)
票決される (passive)
ひょうけつされる (passive)
hyōketsu sareru (passive)
票決させる (causative)
票決さす (causative)
ひょうけつさせる (causative)
ひょうけつさす (causative)
hyōketsu saseru (causative)
hyōketsu sasu (causative)
票決できる (potential)
ひょうけつできる (potential)
hyōketsu dekiru (potential)
票決しよう (volitional)
ひょうけつしよう (volitional)
hyōketsu shiyō (volitional)
票決しない (negative)
ひょうけつしない (negative)
hyōketsu shinai (negative)
票決せず (continuative negative)
ひょうけつせず (continuative negative)
hyōketsu sezu (continuative negative)
票決します (formal)
ひょうけつします (formal)
hyōketsu shimasu (formal)
票決した (perfective)
ひょうけつした (perfective)
hyōketsu shita (perfective)
票決して (conjunctive)
ひょうけつして (conjunctive)
hyōketsu shite (conjunctive)
票決すれば (conditional hypothetical)
ひょうけつすれば (conditional hypothetical)
hyōketsu sureba (conditional hypothetical)


本場所

(sumo) honbasho (official sumo tournament)


変わり身

ja-noun

変(か)わり身(み) • (kawarimi) ^(←かはりみ (kafarimi)?)

変わり身 (canonical)
kawarimi (romanization)
kafarimi (romanization)
かはりみ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 変わり (kawari, “change, changing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 変わる (kawaru, “to change”, intransitive)) + 身 (mi, “body”).
First cited in 1957.

compound

(sumo, martial arts) a quick shift of position


公党

ja-noun

公(こう)党(とう) • (kōtō)


幕僚

[ba̠kɯ̟ɾʲo̞ː]


トーチカ

From Russian то́чка (tóčka), full term: (долговре́менная огнева́я то́чка (dolgovrémennaja ognevája tóčka).


真弓

Compound of 真(ま) (ma-, “pure, genuine; beautiful”) + 弓(ゆみ) (yumi, “bow”).


開闢

(politics, dated) beginnings, creation, founding (of an empire)


称号

ja-noun

称(しょう)号(ごう) • (shōgō)

Aiko, Princess Toshi
Akihito
Fumihito, Crown Prince of Japan
Naruhito
Sayako Kuroda

(monarchy) the title of address given to one of the Japanese emperor's or his heir apparent's (not heir presumptive's) children (thus, children of the main branch of the family, not of the 宮家 (miyake, “cadet branches”)); compare 宮号 (miyagō)


グレコローマン

[ɡɯ̟ɾe̞ko̞ ɾo̞ːmã̠ɴ]


くない

くない (canonical)
クナイ (canonical)
kunai (romanization)
くなし (alternative)

→ English: kunai

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kunai
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:くない
ja:松村明

Unknown. The kanji spellings appear to be ateji (当て字).
This term appears to be rare, and it is not listed in many dictionaries.

(weaponry) a Japanese weapon, possibly derived from a masonry trowel


年寄り

年寄り (canonical)
toshiyori (romanization)


聖杖

(weaponry) A sacred staff, crook, crosier, sceptre; any such symbol(s) of office, holy power and authority, such as flail and crook.


キャプテン

[kʲa̠pɯ̟̊tẽ̞ɴ]

2004 September 8, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)十(じゅう)四(よん)訓(くん) コスプレするなら心(こころ)まで飾(かざ)れ [Lesson 14: If You’re Gonna Cosplay, Put Your Heart into It]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 11:

ヅラじゃない キャプテンカツーラだ

ヅラじゃない キャプテンカツーラだ


錫杖

錫(しゃく)杖(じょう) • (shakujō) ^(←しやくぢやう (syakudyau)?) (counter 本)

錫杖 (canonical)
shakujō (romanization)
syakudyau (romanization)
本 (counter)
しやくぢやう (hiragana historical)

[ɕa̠kɯ̟ʑo̞ː]

Compound of 錫 (shaku, “tin, stannum”) + 杖 (jō, “staff”).

compound

(Buddhism, weaponry) A khakkhara; Buddhist monk's "sounding staff".

錫杖草

錫杖草 シャクジョウソウ


大関

ja-noun

大(おお)関(ぜき) • (ōzeki) ^(←おほぜき (ofozeki)?)

大関 (canonical)
ōzeki (romanization)
ofozeki (romanization)
おほぜき (hiragana historical)

(sumo) ozeki, literally 'great barrier', the second-highest rank in sumo-wrestling, above sekiwake and below yokozuna


関脇

(sumo) sekiwake, lit.: 'next to the barrier'; denoting either the third-highest rank in sumo-wrestling or a person holding it


国防省

国防省 (canonical)
kokubōshō (romanization)

[ko̞kɯ̟bo̞ːɕo̞ː]

(government, military) department of defense


駆け引き

駆け引き (canonical)
kakehiki (romanization)

Compound of 駆け (kake, “running, pressing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 駆ける (kakeru, “to press on, to run”)) + 引き (hiki, “pulling”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 引く (hiku, “to pull, to draw”)), literally meaning "pressing forward, pulling back".

compound

あの大名は戦の駆け引きがうまかった。

Ano daimyō wa ikusa no kakehiki ga umakatta.

(military) the advance and retreat of troops: tactics


海兵

From 海 (kai, “sea”) + 兵 (hei, “soldier”).


連立政権

ja-noun

連(れん)立(りつ)政(せい)権(けん) • (renritsu seiken)

連立政権 (canonical)
renritsu seiken (romanization)

[ɾẽ̞n̺ɾʲit͡sɨ se̞ːkẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 連(れん)立(りつ) (renritsu, “coalition”) + 政(せい)権(けん) (seiken, “administration, government”).


パワーバランス

(politics, government) power balance, balance of power


領海

監視船は領海を出た。

The patrol boats went out of the territorial waters.

(geography, politics) territorial waters

領海侵犯

領海侵犯 りょうかいしんぱん


軍配が上がる

ja-verb

軍(ぐん)配(ばい)が上(あ)がる • (gunbai ga agaru) godan (stem 軍(ぐん)配(ばい)が上(あ)がり (gunbai ga agari), past 軍(ぐん)配(ばい)が上(あ)がった (gunbai ga agatta))

軍配が上がる (canonical)
gunbai ga agaru (romanization)
軍配が上がり (stem)
軍配が上がった (past)

[ɡɯ̟̃mba̠i ɡa̠ a̠ɡa̠ɾɯ̟]

(sumo) be declared the winner of a sumo bout, indicated by the referee raising his fan


残心

[d͡zã̠ɰ̃ɕĩɴ]

(fencing) being prepared for a counterattack


勝ち越し

勝ち越し (canonical)
kachikoshi (romanization)


絶対主義者

ja-noun

絶(ぜっ)対(たい)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)者(しゃ) • (zettai shugisha)

絶対主義者 (canonical)
zettai shugisha (romanization)

Compound of 絶対 (zettai, “absolute”) + 主義者 (shugisha, “-ist”), the latter a compound of 主義 (shugi, “principle, -ism”) + 者 (sha, “person”).

compound

(politics) an absolutist, one who favors autocratic government


絶対君主制

ja-noun

絶(ぜっ)対(たい)君(くん)主(しゅ)制(せい) • (zettai kunshusei)

絶対君主制 (canonical)
zettai kunshusei (romanization)

[d͡ze̞t̚ta̠i kɯ̟̃ɰ̃ɕɨ̥se̞ː]

From 絶対 (zettai, “absolute”) + 君主制 (kunshusei, “monarchy”).


直刀

ja-noun

直(ちょく)刀(とう) • (chokutō) ^(←ちょくたう (tyokutau)?)

直刀 (canonical)
chokutō (romanization)
tyokutau (romanization)
ちょくたう (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕo̞kɯ̟to̞ː]

/chokutau/ → /chokutɔː/ → /chokutoː/
From Middle Chinese compound 直刀 (drik taw, literally “straight + knife”). Compare modern Mandarin 直刀 (zhídāo).

(weaponry) a straight sword, particularly one from ancient Japan


橋頭堡

(military) bridgehead (an area of ground on the enemy's side of a bridge)


鉄扇

Apparently coined in Japan from Middle Chinese-derived components, as a compound of 鉄 (tetsu, “iron, steel”) + 扇 (sen, “fan, folding fan”).

compound

Various types existed, including folding fans with blades of wood and ribs of metal, folding fans with ribs of wood and blades of metal, folding fans made entirely of metal, solid fans made of both wood and metal or entirely of metal, and a variety made of metal and used more like a truncheon, but made to look like a folded fan. See the Wikipedia article for more.


鉄菱

ja-noun

鉄(てつ)菱(びし) or 鉄(かな)菱(びし) • (tetsubishi or kanabishi)

鉄菱 (canonical)
鉄菱 (canonical)
tetsubishi (romanization)
kanabishi (romanization)

鉄 (tetsu, kane, “iron”) + 菱 (hishi, “water caltrop”)


送り出す

ja-verb

送(おく)り出(だ)す • (okuridasu) transitive godan (stem 送(おく)り出(だ)し (okuridashi), past 送(おく)り出(だ)した (okuridashita))

送り出す (canonical)
okuridasu (romanization)
送り出し (stem)
送り出した (past)
送り出さ
おくりださ
okuridasa
送り出し
おくりだし
okuridashi
送り出す
おくりだす
okuridasu
送り出せ
おくりだせ
okuridase
送り出される (passive)
おくりだされる (passive)
okuridasareru (passive)
送り出させる (causative)
送り出さす (causative)
おくりださせる (causative)
おくりださす (causative)
okuridasaseru (causative)
okuridasasu (causative)
送り出せる (potential)
おくりだせる (potential)
okuridaseru (potential)
送り出そう (volitional)
おくりだそう (volitional)
okuridasō (volitional)
送り出さない (negative)
おくりださない (negative)
okuridasanai (negative)
送り出さず (continuative negative)
おくりださず (continuative negative)
okuridasazu (continuative negative)
送り出します (formal)
おくりだします (formal)
okuridashimasu (formal)
送り出した (perfective)
おくりだした (perfective)
okuridashita (perfective)
送り出して (conjunctive)
おくりだして (conjunctive)
okuridashite (conjunctive)
送り出せば (conditional hypothetical)
おくりだせば (conditional hypothetical)
okuridaseba (conditional hypothetical)

(sumo) drive out the opponent from behind


兵法

ja-noun

兵(へい)法(ほう) • (heihō) ^(←へいはふ (feifafu)?)

兵(ひょう)法(ほう) • (hyōhō) ^(←ひゃうはふ (fyaufafu)?)

兵法 (canonical)
heihō (romanization)
feifafu (romanization)
へいはふ (hiragana historical)
兵法 (canonical)
hyōhō (romanization)
fyaufafu (romanization)
ひゃうはふ (hiragana historical)

孫子の兵法

最も有利な武器の発見とそれを能率的に使用する兵法の発見とである。

1953, 坂口安吾, 梟雄

It's discovering the most advantageous weapons and discovering the most efficient military tactics with which to use them.

Mottomo yūri na buki no hakken to sore o nōritsuteki ni shiyō suru heihō no hakken to de aru.

(military) the art of war; tactics; strategy


十手

Compound of 十 (jiʔ, “ten; cross”, goon reading) + 手 (te, “hand”, kun reading).

compound

A specialized weapon used by police in Edo period Japan. Sometimes incorrectly spelled jutte in English-language sources.

(weaponry) a Japanese martial arts truncheon:


十手

[d͡ʑɨt̚te̞ː]

(rare, weaponry) a Japanese martial arts truncheon:


近衛

近衛 • ^ (canonical)
近衛 • ^ (canonical)
近衛 (canonical)
konoe (romanization)
konowe (romanization)
kon'e (romanization)
kon'we (romanization)
chikakimamori (romanization)
このゑ (hiragana historical)
こんゑ (hiragana historical)

このえ: /koɴ.we/ → /konowe/ → /konoe/
こんえ: /koɴ.we/ → /kon.e/
ちかきまもり: 近き (tikaki, attributive of 近し (tikasi)) + 守り (mamori, “guard”)

af

attributive of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">近し</i> (tikasi)

イギリス近衛兵

(military) the royal or imperial guard(s)

(military) a royal or imperial guardsman


砲弾

砲弾 (canonical)
hōdan (romanization)
faudan (romanization)
はうだん (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 炮彈 (MC phaewH danH, “cannon + shot, shell”).

ltc-l

1999 March 27, “タイホーン [Canhorn]”, in Vol.2, Konami:

It attacks from far away by shooting cannonballs out its mouth. It is very effective to deploy on mountains.

口から砲弾を撃ちだし遠くを攻撃。山での砲撃は強い。

Kuchi kara hōdan o uchidashi tōku o kōgeki. Yama de no hōgeki wa tsuyoi.

(weaponry) a cannon shell:
a cannonball, a round shot

(weaponry) a cannon shell:
an artillery shell


少尉

少尉 (canonical)
shōi (romanization)
seuwi (romanization)
せうゐ (hiragana historical)

少 (“younger; lesser; junior”) + 尉. See 尉官 (ikan, “junior officer”) for more.

中尉

first lieutenant; lieutenant junior grade

(military, of the Imperial Japanese Navy) a sub-lieutenant second class (equivalent to ensign)


寄る

ja-verb

寄(よ)る • (yoru) intransitive godan (stem 寄(よ)り (yori), past 寄(よ)った (yotta))

寄る (canonical)
yoru (romanization)
寄り (stem)
寄った (past)
寄ら
よら
yora
寄り
より
yori
寄る
よる
yoru
寄れ
よれ
yore
寄られる (passive)
よられる (passive)
yorareru (passive)
寄らせる (causative)
寄らす (causative)
よらせる (causative)
よらす (causative)
yoraseru (causative)
yorasu (causative)
寄れる (potential)
よれる (potential)
yoreru (potential)
寄ろう (volitional)
よろう (volitional)
yorō (volitional)
寄らない (negative)
よらない (negative)
yoranai (negative)
寄らず (continuative negative)
よらず (continuative negative)
yorazu (continuative negative)
寄ります (formal)
よります (formal)
yorimasu (formal)
寄った (perfective)
よった (perfective)
yotta (perfective)
寄って (conjunctive)
よって (conjunctive)
yotte (conjunctive)
寄れば (conditional hypothetical)
よれば (conditional hypothetical)
yoreba (conditional hypothetical)
寄ら (irrealis stem)
よら (irrealis stem)
yora (irrealis)
寄り (continuative stem)
より (continuative stem)
yori (continuative)
寄る (stem terminative)
よる (stem terminative)
yoru (terminative)
寄る (attributive stem)
よる (attributive stem)
yoru (attributive)
寄れ (realis stem)
よれ (realis stem)
yore (realis)
寄れ (imperative stem)
よれ (imperative stem)
yore (imperative)
寄らず (negative)
よらず (negative)
yorazu (negative)
寄れど (contrastive)
よれど (contrastive)
yoredo (contrastive)
寄れば (causative)
よれば (causative)
yoreba (causative)
寄らば (conditional)
よらば (conditional)
yoraba (conditional)
寄りき (past)
よりき (past)
yoriki (past)
寄りけり (past)
よりけり (past)
yorikeri (past)
寄りつ (perfect)
よりつ (perfect)
yoritu (perfect)
寄りぬ (perfect)
よりぬ (perfect)
yorinu (perfect)
寄れり (continuative perfect)
寄りたり (continuative perfect)
よれり (continuative perfect)
よりたり (continuative perfect)
yoreri (continuative perfect)
yoritari (continuative perfect)
寄らむ (volitional)
よらむ (volitional)
yoramu (volitional)

(sumo) to push out while grabbing the belt


コーナー

ja-noun

コーナー • (kōnā)

(boxing) One of the corners of a boxing ring

corner
One of the corners of a boxing ring


ミュージック

[mʲɨːʑik̚kɯ̟]

(military, slang) electronic signal jamming


撒菱

Compound of 撒(ま)き (maki, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 撒(ま)く (maku, “to scatter, to cast, to sow”).) + 菱(ひし) (hishi, “a water chestnut; the rhomboid shape of a water chestnut; a caltrop”). The hishi changes to bishi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

(weaponry) a caltrop; more specifically, the kind of caltrop that is thrown or scattered


鎖分銅

鎖分銅 (canonical)
kusari fundō (romanization)

[kɯ̟sa̠ɾʲi ɸɯ̟̃ndo̞ː]

Compound of 鎖 (kusari, “chain”) + 分銅 (fundō, “weight”).

compound

(weaponry) a Japanese martial arts chain weapon, consisting of or based on such a weighted chain


鎖鎌

鎖鎌 (canonical)
kusarigama (romanization)

Compound of 鎖 (kusari, “chain”) + 鎌 (gama, “sickle”).

(weaponry) a Japanese martial arts chain weapon, that consists of a kama, (鎌, the Japanese equivalent of a sickle), on a length of kusari, (鎖, metal chain), with a heavy fundo, (分銅, iron weight), at the end.

鎖鎌術

鎖鎌術 くさりがまじゅつ


士官

士官 (canonical)
shikan (romanization)
sikwan (romanization)
しくわん (hiragana historical)

士 (“scholar”) + 官 (“official; mandarin; courtier”)

af

File:Frank Toovey Lakes Grave 1.jpg
英国士官レキの墓
Eikoku shikan Reki no haka
grave of the British Officer Lake

commissioned officer
commissioned officer#English


脇差

Compound of 脇 (waki, “armpit, side of the torso”) + 差 (sashi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 差す sasu “to insert, to stick into”), from the way the wakizashi would be stuck at one's side through the 帯 (obi, “belt or sash”). The sashi changes to zashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

the <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 差す sasu “to insert, to stick into”

(weaponry) wakizashi (a traditional Japanese shortsword, traditionally 30cm to 60cm in length, often used as a secondary weapon to a katana)

鎧通し

a kind of stout dagger intended for thrust

刀

traditional Japanese single-bladed curved sword


手甲鉤

手甲鉤 (canonical)
tekkō kagi (romanization)

Compound of 手甲 (tekkō, “back of the hand”) + 鉤 (kagi, “hook”).

(weaponry) a Japanese hand weapon or climbing tool, whereby metal hooks are strapped to the back of the forearm and hand


手鉤

Compound of 手 (te, “hand”) + 鉤 (kagi, “hook”).

(weaponry) alternate name for a tekkō kagi, a Japanese hand weapon


隠し武器

隠し武器 (canonical)
kakushi buki (romanization)

Compound of 隠し (kakushi, “hiding, concealing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 隠す kakusu “to hide something”) + 武器 (buki, “weapon”).

the <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 隠す kakusu “to hide something”


軍配

Appears to be a Japanese coinage from Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 軍 (gun, “army, military, troops”) + 配 (hai, “arrangement, positioning”). The hai changes to bai as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

軍配団扇

軍配団扇 ぐんばいうちわ

a lacquered rigid wooden fan used for signal

軍配者: a person issuing commands to a military force: a commander

軍配凧: a kite in the shape of a gunbai uchiwa

a common tropical creeping vine: Ipomoea pes-caprae

軍配酸漿 ぐんばいほおずき

軍配酸漿: the egg sac of marine whelk of family Melongenidae

軍配虫

common name for a lace bug, flying insect of family Tingidae

軍配を返す: → to signal the start of a sumo match

once the initial start-up positioning time has run out

軍配通り

as indicated, confirmation of the victory indicated by a referee

(sumo) any of various signals indicated by a gyoji (sumo referee) using a gunbai uchiwa, including decision of the winner of a bout


軍配団扇

軍配団扇 (canonical)
gunbai uchiwa (romanization)

[ɡɯ̟̃mba̠i ɯ̟t͡ɕiβ̞a̠]

Compound of 軍配(ぐんばい) (gunbai, “army signalling”) + 団扇(うちわ) (uchiwa, “rigid Japanese hand fan”).

ja-compound

(sumo) a lacquered wooden fan used for signaling by the 行司 (gyōji, “sumo referee”)

(military) a rigid fan used for military signaling


重籐

Compound of 繁 (shige, “thick, frequent, close together”, the stem of adjective 繁い (shigei), in reference to the tight wrapping) + 籐 (dō, “rattan”). Might be encountered in some texts as shigetō, using the unvoiced kan'on reading for the second character.
The 重 spelling for the shige portion could be analyzed as a kind of jukujikun (熟字訓), considering the "layers" sense of the kanji.
Attested from the late 1400s.

compound

the stem of adjective <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">繁い</i> (shigei), in reference to the tight wrapping

(weaponry) a black-lacquered archery bow wrapped in strips of rattan


重籐弓

重籐弓 (canonical)
shigedō yumi (romanization)

Likely a shortening of the more common 重籐の弓 (shigedō no yumi, a black-lacquered archery bow wrapped in strips of rattan), omitting the possessive particle の (no).
Alternatively, a compound of 重籐 (shigedō, a black-lacquered archery bow wrapped in strips of rattan) + 弓 (yumi, “bow”).
The yumi is technically redundant, but is used to clarify the meaning, as shigedō is not a very common word in Japanese.

(weaponry, uncommon) a black-lacquered archery bow wrapped in strips of rattan


長刀

ja-noun

長(なが)刀(がたな) or 長(なが)刀(かたな) • (nagagatana or nagakatana)

長刀 (canonical)
長刀 (canonical)
nagagatana (romanization)
nagakatana (romanization)

The spelling means “long blade”.
Compound of 長 (naga, “long”, the stem of adjective 長い (nagai, “long”)) + 刀 (katana, “katana, the traditional single-bladed Japanese sword”).
Encountered with both the unvoiced nagakatana and voiced nagagatana readings. The voiced reading may be more common, wherein the katana changes to gatana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

the stem of adjective <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">長い</i> (nagai, “long”)

(weaponry, rare) a katana with a long blade


鎧通し

鎧通し (canonical)
yoroidōshi (romanization)

Compound of 鎧(よろい) (yoroi, “armor”) + 通(とう)し (tōshi, “passing one thing through another”). The tōshi changes to dōshi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

(weaponry) a straight and stout short sword or dagger used for thrusting, intended to pierce armor


中将

ja-noun

中(ちゅう)将(じょう) • (chūjō) ^(←ちゆうじやう (tyuuzyau)?)

中将 (canonical)
chūjō (romanization)
tyuuzyau (romanization)
ちゆうじやう (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 中將 /中将 (zhōngjiàng)

→ Korean: 중장 (jungjang)

→ Vietnamese: trung tướng


少将

少(しょう)将(しょう) • (shōshō) ^(←せうしやう (seusyau)?)

少将 (canonical)
shōshō (romanization)
seusyau (romanization)
せうしやう (hiragana historical)

少 (“younger; lesser; junior”) + 将 (“general; commander”)


ラウンド

[ɾa̠ɯ̟̃ndo̞]


下士官

[ka̠ɕi̥kã̠ɴ]

From 下 (ka-, “under-; nether-”) + 士官 (shikan, “commissioned officer”).

non-commissioned officer
non-commissioned officer


大尉

大尉 (canonical)
taii (romanization)
taiwi (romanization)
たいゐ (hiragana historical)

大 (“grand”) + 尉. See 尉官 (ikan, “junior officer”) for more. Compare a similarly constructed title in feudal China, 太尉 (tàiwèi).

(military) a captain (army or air force officer with a rank between the most senior grade of lieutenant and major)

(military) a lieutenant (naval officer whose rank is above that of ensign in the Navy and below that of a lieutenant commander)


少佐

少佐 (canonical)
shōsa (romanization)
seusa (romanization)
せうさ (hiragana historical)

少 (“younger; lesser; junior”) + 佐 (“assistant”), likely modeled after 少将 (shōshō, “major general”). See 佐官 (sakan, “field officer”) for more.

lieutenant commander
lieutenant commander


中佐

中 (“mid-”) + 佐 (“to assist; assistant”), perhaps modeled after 中将 (chūjō, “senior deputy of the 近衛府 (Konoefu, “Bodyguard”); lieutenant general; vice admiral”). See 佐官 (sakan, “field officer”) for more.

2014 November 11, Bungie, 343 Industries, Halo 2: Anniversary, spoken by Fleet Admiral Lord Terrence Hood, Xbox Game Studios, Xbox One, level/area: Cairo Station:

ミランダキーズ中佐 父君の勇気ある行動は、誇り高きわが軍の伝統そのものだった

Miranda Kīzu Chūsa Chichigimi no yūki aru kōdō wa, hokoritakaki waga gun no dentō sono mono datta

Commander Miranda Keyes. Your father’s actions were in keeping with the highest traditions of military service.

(military) a commander (naval officer whose rank is above that of a lieutenant commander and below that of captain)


皇族

ja-noun

皇(こう)族(ぞく) • (kōzoku) ^(←くゎうぞく (kwauzoku)?)

皇族 (canonical)
kōzoku (romanization)
kwauzoku (romanization)
くゎうぞく (hiragana historical)

Meronyms: 王 (ō, “distal prince”), 王妃 (ōhi, “distal princess consort”), 皇后 (kōgō, “empress consort”), 皇太后 (kōtaikō, “empress dowager”), 親王 (shinnō, “proximal prince”), 親王妃 (shinnōhi, “proximal princess consort”), 女王 (joō, “distal princess”), 太皇太后 (taikōtaikō, “grand empress dowager”), 内親王 (naishinnō, “proximal princess”)

(monarchy) Japanese emperors' relatives with imperial status (excluding emperors themselves, most of their in-laws and married former princesses)


食糧

食(しょく)糧(りょう) • (shokuryō) ^(←しょくりやう (syokuryau)?)

食糧 (canonical)
shokuryō (romanization)
syokuryau (romanization)
しょくりやう (hiragana historical)

[ɕo̞kɯ̟ɾʲo̞ː]

(military) provisions of rice or wheat on a military campaign


中尉

中尉 (canonical)
chūi (romanization)
tyuuwi (romanization)
ちゆうゐ (hiragana historical)

中 (“mid-”) + 尉, likely modeled after 中将 (chūjō, “lieutenant general”). See 尉官 (ikan, “junior officer”) for more.

lieutenant junior grade
lieutenant junior grade

(military, of the Imperial Japanese Navy) a sub-lieutenant first class (equivalent to sub-lieutenant or lieutenant junior grade)


国体

→ English: kokutai

→ Russian: кокута́й (kokutáj)

1925 April 22, 治安維持法 [Peace Preservation Law]:

Article 1: A person who has formed an association for the purpose of changing the national polity or denying the system of private property, and a person who has knowingly participated in it, shall be punished with imprisonment with or without work for no more than ten years.

第一條 國體ヲ變革シ又ハ私有財產制度ヲ否認スルコトヲ目的トシテ結社ヲ組織シ又ハ情ヲ知リテ之ニ加入シタル者ハ十年以下ノ懲役又ハ禁錮ニ處ス

Dai-ichi-jō Kokutai o henkaku shi mata wa shiyū zaisan seido o hinin suru koto o mokuteki to shite kessha o soshiki shi mata wa jō o shirite kore ni kanyū shitaru mono wa jū-nen ika no chōeki mata wa kinko ni shosu

(politics, philosophy, chiefly historical) kokutai (the national essence and character of Japan viewed as conforming to Shinto-Confucian ideals, with the emperor as its ethical, spiritual, cultural and political center)


幕下

(sumo) The third-highest division in sumo.


カウンター

カウンター • (kauntā)


リボルバー

[ɾʲibo̞ɾɯ̟ba̠ː]

(firearms) a revolver (a handgun with revolving chambers)


火炎放射器

火炎放射器 (canonical)
kaenhōshaki (romanization)

[ka̠ẽ̞ɰ̃ho̞ːɕa̠kʲi]


はず

hazu (romanization)
fazu (romanization)
はず (hiragana historical)

Unknown. There are several origin theories, including:
* From ハヅレ (hazure, “other; extraordinary”)
* Of obsolete forms ハ, meaning “open; unfold”, and ズ, meaning “unlimited; without end”
* Abbreviation of 手(て)はず (tehazu, “arrangement; plan”)
* Abbreviation of obsolete ハスヱ (hasue, “tip; end”)
* From 羽(は) (ha, “feather”) and 頭(ず) (zu, “tip; head”)

(sumo) a nock-shaped grip used in はず押(お)し (hazu oshi)


サイロ

Borrowed from English silo, from Spanish silo.


事変

From Middle Chinese 事變 (MC dzriH pjenH).
First attested in Gukanshō, written around 1220.

支那事変

"China Incident"
(the official name of the Second Sino-Japanese War in Japan before declaration of war in 1941)

満洲事変

(military) conflict, especially an undeclared war


野戦

イタリア軍の野戦に使用し得る兵力は歩兵四師団

1929, 石原莞爾, 戦争史大観

The military force at the disposal of the Italian army for use in the field consisted of four divisions of infantry

itaria gun no yasen ni shiyō shi eru heiryoku wa hohei yon shidan

歩兵四師団 ほへいよんしだん

(military) field (place where a battle is fought)


協商

協(きょう)商(しょう) • (kyōshō)

協商国


打刀

打刀 (canonical)
uchigatana (romanization)

(weaponry) uchigatana: a Japanese samurai sword, a descendant of the tachi.


気を付け

気を付け (canonical)
ki o tsuke (romanization)


茶屋

(sumo) short for 相撲茶屋 (sumo chaya, “an organisation which provides refreshments during sumo matches and is entrusted with the sale of some of the seats”)


下野

First attested around the early 1930s.
Appears to be coined in Japan from Middle Chinese-derived elements 下 (ge, “below, lower”) + 野 (ya, “field”).

com

(politics, of a political party) going into the opposition


下野

ja-verb-suru

下(げ)野(や)する • (geya suru) suru (stem 下(げ)野(や)し (geya shi), past 下(げ)野(や)した (geya shita))

下野する (canonical)
geya suru (romanization)
下野し (stem)
下野した (past)
下野し
げやし
geya shi
下野する
げやする
geya suru
下野すれ
げやすれ
geya sure
下野せよ (imperative literary)
下野しろ (colloquial imperative)
げやせよ (imperative literary)
げやしろ (colloquial imperative)
geya seyo (imperative literary)
geya shiro (colloquial imperative)
下野される (passive)
げやされる (passive)
geya sareru (passive)
下野させる (causative)
下野さす (causative)
げやさせる (causative)
げやさす (causative)
geya saseru (causative)
geya sasu (causative)
下野できる (potential)
げやできる (potential)
geya dekiru (potential)
下野しよう (volitional)
げやしよう (volitional)
geya shiyō (volitional)
下野しない (negative)
げやしない (negative)
geya shinai (negative)
下野せず (continuative negative)
げやせず (continuative negative)
geya sezu (continuative negative)
下野します (formal)
げやします (formal)
geya shimasu (formal)
下野した (perfective)
げやした (perfective)
geya shita (perfective)
下野して (conjunctive)
げやして (conjunctive)
geya shite (conjunctive)
下野すれば (conditional hypothetical)
げやすれば (conditional hypothetical)
geya sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(politics, of a political party) to go into the opposition


火炎瓶

ja-noun

火(か)炎(えん)瓶(びん) • (kaenbin) ^(←くわえんびん (kwaenbin)?) (counter 本)

火炎瓶 (canonical)
kaenbin (romanization)
kwaenbin (romanization)
本 (counter)
くわえんびん (hiragana historical)

[ka̠ẽ̞mbʲĩɴ]

Compound of 火(か)炎(えん) (kaen, “flame”) + 瓶(びん) (bin, “bottle”).
炎 is a daiyōji replacing 焔.


截拳道

ja-noun

截拳道(ジークンドー) • (jīkundō)


家鴨

家鴨(あひる) or 家鴨(アヒル) • (ahiru) (counter 羽)

家鴨 (canonical)
家鴨 (canonical)
ahiru (romanization)
羽 (counter)

Appears in texts from the late Muromachi period. Various theories exist regarding the derivation; one of the more common derives this as a sound shift from ahiro, appearing around the same time as a compound of 足 (a, “foot, feet”) + 広 (hiro, stem of adjective 広い (hiroi, “broad, wide”)).
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 家鴨 /家鸭 (jiāyā).

compound

stem of adjective <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">広い</i> (hiroi, “broad, wide”)

duck clogs; traditional wooden clogs; teeth; teeth; the wooden supports underneath

a style of 下駄 with short and a short distance between the

so named for the way it makes the wearer walk

家鴨が文庫を背負う: → metaphor for the appearance of a short woman with a large butt

家鴨の火事見舞いa duck going to visit someone after a fire” → a metaphor for a short

家鴨の脚絆: → metaphor for something unsuited to someone's nature

the domestic duck is also as proud as the wild duck

家鴨も鴨の気位: → a metaphor for putting on airs

the general sense that a domestic duck is not as pretty as a wild duck

(military) an amphibious truck (from the English duck)


蛸壷

→ English: takotsubo, Takotsubo

From 蛸(たこ) (tako, “octopus”) + 壷(つぼ) (tsubo, “jar, pot”).


内政

ja-noun

内(ない)政(せい) • (naisei) ^(←ないせい (naisei)?)

内政 (canonical)
naisei (romanization)
ないせい (hiragana historical)

(government, politics) internal affairs (of a country); domestic affairs


大元帥

大(だい)元(げん)帥(すい) • (daigensui) ^(←だいぐゑんすゐ (daigwenswi)?)

大元帥 (canonical)
daigensui (romanization)
daigwenswi (romanization)
だいぐゑんすゐ (hiragana historical)

[da̠iɡẽ̞ɰ̃sɨi]

大 (dai-, “great”) + 元帥 (gensui, “marshal”)


小結

Uncertain. One theory holds that the term originally referred to the lowest rank eligible to appear in the “結びの一番” (musubi no ichiban), the final match of the day during a sumo tournament.

(sumo) komusubi, the fourth-highest rank in sumo, the lowest sanyaku rank


山嵐

山嵐 (canonical)
yamaarashi (romanization)

(judo) Yama arashi, a throwing technique


レーニン主義

レーニン主義 (canonical)
Rēnin shugi (romanization)

[ɾe̞ːɲ̟iɰ̃ ɕɨɡʲi]

レーニン (Rēnin, “Lenin”) + 主義 (shugi, “ism”)


技有り

技有り (canonical)
waza-ari (romanization)
技あり (alternative)

[β̞a̠za̠ːɾʲi]

(judo) yuko, points or the judge call to the points in judo match. Fewer points to ippon.


トマホーク

ja:トマホーク (ミサイル)


走資派

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 走資派 /走资派 (zǒuzīpài, literally “one who takes the road of capital”).

obor

(Maoism, chiefly historical, derogatory, politics) capitalist roader


ファットマン

[ɸa̠t̚to̞mã̠ɴ]


リトルボーイ

[ɾʲito̞ɾɯ̟bo̞ːi]


自由主義

自由主義 (canonical)
jiyūshugi (romanization)

[d͡ʑijɯ̟ːɕɨɡʲi]


鯖折り

ja-noun

鯖(さば)折(お)り • (sabaori) ^(←さばをり (sabawori)?)

鯖折り (canonical)
sabaori (romanization)
sabawori (romanization)
さばをり (hiragana historical)

(sumo) a kimarite in which the attacker holds his opponent by the mawashi and throws all his weight high, forcing the opponents knees to buckle


砲台

砲(ほう)台(だい) • (hōdai) ^(←はうだい (faudai)?) (counter 基)

砲台 (canonical)
hōdai (romanization)
faudai (romanization)
基 (counter)
はうだい (hiragana historical)


マルクス・レーニン主義

^マルクス・^レーニン しゅぎ

マルクス・レーニン主(しゅ)義(ぎ) • (Marukusu Rēnin shugi)

マルクス・レーニン主義 (canonical)
Marukusu Rēnin shugi (romanization)

マルクス・レーニンしゅぎ

[ma̠ɾɯ̟kɯ̟̊sɨ ɾe̞ːɲ̟iɰ̃ ɕɨɡʲi]

Blend of マルクス主義 (Marukusu shugi, “Marxism”) + レーニン主義 (Rēnin shugi, “Leninism”)

blend

ja:マルクス・レーニン主義


銃士

三銃士


安保

食糧安保

(government, military, economics, diplomacy) clipping of 安全保障 (anzen hoshō, “security”)


上等兵

ja-noun

上(じょう)等(とう)兵(へい) • (jōtōhei) ^(←じゃうとうへい (zyautoufei)?)

上等兵 (canonical)
jōtōhei (romanization)
zyautoufei (romanization)
じゃうとうへい (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑo̞ːto̞ːhe̞ː]

(military) a superior private (enlisted rank below sergeant and above private first class in the Imperial Japanese Army)


前哨

前(ぜん)哨(しょう) • (zenshō) ^(←ぜんせう (zenseu)?)

前哨 (canonical)
zenshō (romanization)
zenseu (romanization)
ぜんせう (hiragana historical)

[d͡zẽ̞ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]


高射砲

Compound of 高(こう)射(しゃ) (kōsha) + 砲(ほう) (hō, “cannon”).

com-ja

(military) anti-aircraft gun, anti-aircraft cannon


小隊

ja-noun

小(しょう)隊(たい) • (shōtai) ^(←せうたい (seutai)?)

小隊 (canonical)
shōtai (romanization)
seutai (romanization)
せうたい (hiragana historical)


准将

准(じゅん)将(しょう) • (junshō) ^(←じゆんしやう (zyunsyau)?)

准将 (canonical)
junshō (romanization)
zyunsyau (romanization)
じゆんしやう (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]


訓令

[kɯ̟̃n̺ɾe̞ː]

(military) an order with only an objective, leaving the choice of the method to the executor


訓令

ja-verb-suru

訓(くん)令(れい)する • (kunrei suru) transitive suru (stem 訓(くん)令(れい)し (kunrei shi), past 訓(くん)令(れい)した (kunrei shita))

訓令する (canonical)
kunrei suru (romanization)
訓令し (stem)
訓令した (past)
訓令し
くんれいし
kunrei shi
訓令する
くんれいする
kunrei suru
訓令すれ
くんれいすれ
kunrei sure
訓令せよ (imperative literary)
訓令しろ (colloquial imperative)
くんれいせよ (imperative literary)
くんれいしろ (colloquial imperative)
kunrei seyo (imperative literary)
kunrei shiro (colloquial imperative)
訓令される (passive)
くんれいされる (passive)
kunrei sareru (passive)
訓令させる (causative)
訓令さす (causative)
くんれいさせる (causative)
くんれいさす (causative)
kunrei saseru (causative)
kunrei sasu (causative)
訓令できる (potential)
くんれいできる (potential)
kunrei dekiru (potential)
訓令しよう (volitional)
くんれいしよう (volitional)
kunrei shiyō (volitional)
訓令しない (negative)
くんれいしない (negative)
kunrei shinai (negative)
訓令せず (continuative negative)
くんれいせず (continuative negative)
kunrei sezu (continuative negative)
訓令します (formal)
くんれいします (formal)
kunrei shimasu (formal)
訓令した (perfective)
くんれいした (perfective)
kunrei shita (perfective)
訓令して (conjunctive)
くんれいして (conjunctive)
kunrei shite (conjunctive)
訓令すれば (conditional hypothetical)
くんれいすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kunrei sureba (conditional hypothetical)

[kɯ̟̃n̺ɾe̞ː]

(military) to issue a command as mentioned above


ゼネラル

(military) a general; an officer of the most senior rank


援兵

援兵 (canonical)
enpei (romanization)
wenpei (romanization)
ゑんぺい (hiragana historical)


立憲君主制

ja-noun

立(りっ)憲(けん)君(くん)主(しゅ)制(せい) • (rikken kunshusei)

立憲君主制 (canonical)
rikken kunshusei (romanization)

[ɾʲik̚ke̞ŋ kɯ̟̃ɰ̃ɕɨ̥se̞ː]

立憲 (rikken, “constitutionalism”) + 君主制 (kunshusei, “monarchy”)

af

constitutional monarchy
constitutional monarchy


倒閣

ja-noun

倒(とう)閣(かく) • (tōkaku) ^(←たうかく (taukaku)?)

倒閣 (canonical)
tōkaku (romanization)
taukaku (romanization)
たうかく (hiragana historical)


倒閣

ja-verb-suru

倒(とう)閣(かく)する • (tōkaku suru) ^(←たうかく (taukaku)?)suru (stem 倒(とう)閣(かく)し (tōkaku shi), past 倒(とう)閣(かく)した (tōkaku shita))

倒閣する (canonical)
tōkaku suru (romanization)
taukaku (romanization)
倒閣し (stem)
倒閣した (past)
倒閣し
とうかくし
tōkaku shi
倒閣する
とうかくする
tōkaku suru
倒閣すれ
とうかくすれ
tōkaku sure
倒閣せよ (imperative literary)
倒閣しろ (colloquial imperative)
とうかくせよ (imperative literary)
とうかくしろ (colloquial imperative)
tōkaku seyo (imperative literary)
tōkaku shiro (colloquial imperative)
倒閣される (passive)
とうかくされる (passive)
tōkaku sareru (passive)
倒閣させる (causative)
倒閣さす (causative)
とうかくさせる (causative)
とうかくさす (causative)
tōkaku saseru (causative)
tōkaku sasu (causative)
倒閣できる (potential)
とうかくできる (potential)
tōkaku dekiru (potential)
倒閣しよう (volitional)
とうかくしよう (volitional)
tōkaku shiyō (volitional)
倒閣しない (negative)
とうかくしない (negative)
tōkaku shinai (negative)
倒閣せず (continuative negative)
とうかくせず (continuative negative)
tōkaku sezu (continuative negative)
倒閣します (formal)
とうかくします (formal)
tōkaku shimasu (formal)
倒閣した (perfective)
とうかくした (perfective)
tōkaku shita (perfective)
倒閣して (conjunctive)
とうかくして (conjunctive)
tōkaku shite (conjunctive)
倒閣すれば (conditional hypothetical)
とうかくすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tōkaku sureba (conditional hypothetical)


活法

ja-noun

活(かっ)法(ぽう) • (kappō) ^(←くわつぱふ (kwatupafu)?)

活法 (canonical)
kappō (romanization)
kwatupafu (romanization)
くわつぱふ (hiragana historical)


将官

将(しょう)官(かん) • (shōkan) ^(←しやうくわん (syaukwan)?)

将官 (canonical)
shōkan (romanization)
syaukwan (romanization)
しやうくわん (hiragana historical)

将 (“general; commander”) + 官 (“official; mandarin; courtier”). 将 likely comes from the old kanji spellings used in titles in the military or guard under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, particularly the imperial guard known as the 近衛府 (Konoefu).


代将

ja-noun

代(だい)将(しょう) • (daishō) ^(←だいしやう (daisyau)?)

代将 (canonical)
daishō (romanization)
daisyau (romanization)
だいしやう (hiragana historical)


佐官

佐官 (canonical)
sakan (romanization)
sakwan (romanization)
さくわん (hiragana historical)

佐 (“assistant”) + 官 (“official; mandarin; courtier”). 佐 likely comes from the old kanji spellings used in titles in the military or guard under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, particularly the second-in-command of the 兵衛府 (Hyōefu) or the 衛門府 (Emonfu), although it was read as すけ (suke) instead, and it was merely a specialized spelling of 次官 (suke). 佐官 was not used under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, but it was the etymological source of the reading of the Ritsuryō rank of 主典 (sakan, “fourth-in-command”). North Korea and Vietnam use the same element, 佐, as in North Korean 좌 (chwa) and Vietnamese tá, for their senior/field ranks, while both Chinas use 校 and South Korea uses 령 (ryeong, from 領) instead. North Korea and Vietnam coined an additional rank, 상좌 (sangjwa)/thượng tá (“army colonel; naval captain”, in Han characters, 上佐), as an equivalent to Japanese 大佐 (taisa), while shifting their own cognates of 大佐 one rank higher, as in 대좌 (daejwa)/đại tá (“army senior colonel; naval senior captain”).


尉官

尉官 (canonical)
ikan (romanization)
wikwan (romanization)
ゐくわん (hiragana historical)

尉 + 官 (“official; mandarin; courtier”). 尉 is a rather non-specific Chinese word, used of government positions as low as "warden" and as high as "marshal" (see 廷尉 (tíngwèi), 縣尉 /县尉 (xiànwèi), 太尉 (tàiwèi), 都尉 (dūwèi), 校尉 (jiàowèi)). In Japan, however, 尉 likely comes from the old kanji spellings used in titles in the military or guard under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, particularly the third-in-command of the 兵衛府 (Hyōefu) or the 衛門府 (Emonfu), although it was read as じょう (jō) instead, and it was merely a specialized spelling of 判官 (jō).


准尉

ja-noun

准(じゅん)尉(い) • (jun'i) ^(←じゆんゐ (zyun'wi)?)

准尉 (canonical)
jun'i (romanization)
zyun'wi (romanization)
じゆんゐ (hiragana historical)

五等准尉

(military, in specific rank names, of an army, including the Imperial Japanese Army) a warrant officer


准士官

准(じゅん)士(し)官(かん) • (junshikan) ^(←じゆんしくわん (zyunsikwan)?)

准士官 (canonical)
junshikan (romanization)
zyunsikwan (romanization)
じゆんしくわん (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɰ̃ɕi̥kã̠ɴ]

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɰ̃ɕikã̠ɴ]

准 (“quasi-”) + 士官 (“commissioned officer”)

pre

(military, as a category of ranks) a warrant officer


熱核兵器

熱核兵器 (canonical)
netsukaku heiki (romanization)

熱核 (netsukaku, “heat kernel”) + 兵器 (heiki, “weapon”)


八路軍

八路軍 (canonical)
Hachirogun (romanization)

[ha̠t͡ɕiɾo̞ɡɯ̟̃ɴ]

(military, historical) Eighth Route Army


駙馬

(historical, monarchy) a Chinese prince consort, the husband of a 公主 (kōshu, “Chinese princess”) and son-in-law of the Chinese emperor


フリースタイル

[ɸɯ̟ɾʲiːsɨta̠iɾɯ̟]


崩し

崩し (canonical)
kuzushi (romanization)
kudusi (romanization)
くづし (hiragana historical)

The conjunctive form of the verb 崩す (kuzusu, “destroy; disturb an erect posture; change money into smaller denominations, break a bill”).

松葉崩し

a sex position in which a man sits astride one of the woman's leg whilst holding up the other


立ち上がる

ja-verb

立(た)ち上(あ)がる • (tachiagaru) intransitive godan (stem 立(た)ち上(あ)がり (tachiagari), past 立(た)ち上(あ)がった (tachiagatta))

立ち上がる (canonical)
tachiagaru (romanization)
立ち上がり (stem)
立ち上がった (past)
立ち上がら
たちあがら
tachiagara
立ち上がり
たちあがり
tachiagari
立ち上がる
たちあがる
tachiagaru
立ち上がれ
たちあがれ
tachiagare
立ち上がられる (passive)
たちあがられる (passive)
tachiagarareru (passive)
立ち上がらせる (causative)
立ち上がらす (causative)
たちあがらせる (causative)
たちあがらす (causative)
tachiagaraseru (causative)
tachiagarasu (causative)
立ち上がれる (potential)
たちあがれる (potential)
tachiagareru (potential)
立ち上がろう (volitional)
たちあがろう (volitional)
tachiagarō (volitional)
立ち上がらない (negative)
たちあがらない (negative)
tachiagaranai (negative)
立ち上がらず (continuative negative)
たちあがらず (continuative negative)
tachiagarazu (continuative negative)
立ち上がります (formal)
たちあがります (formal)
tachiagarimasu (formal)
立ち上がった (perfective)
たちあがった (perfective)
tachiagatta (perfective)
立ち上がって (conjunctive)
たちあがって (conjunctive)
tachiagatte (conjunctive)
立ち上がれば (conditional hypothetical)
たちあがれば (conditional hypothetical)
tachiagareba (conditional hypothetical)

[ta̠t͡ɕia̠ɡa̠ɾɯ̟]

(sumo) to end warming up (shikiri) and start a match


大量破壊兵器

ja-noun

たいりょう はかい へいき

大(たい)量(りょう)破(は)壊(かい)兵(へい)器(き) • (tairyō hakai heiki)

大量破壊兵器 (canonical)
tairyō hakai heiki (romanization)

Compound of 大量(たいりょう) (tairyō, “massiveness”) + 破壊(はかい) (hakai, “destruction”) + 兵器(へいき) (heiki, “weapon”).

ja-compound

weapon of mass destruction
weapon of mass destruction


大陸間弾道ミサイル

ja-noun

たいりくかん だんどう ミサイル

大(たい)陸(りく)間(かん)弾(だん)道(どう)ミサイル • (tairikukan dandō misairu)

大陸間弾道ミサイル (canonical)
tairikukan dandō misairu (romanization)

大陸 (tairiku, “continent”) + 間 (kan, “interval”) + 弾道ミサイル (dandō misairu, “ballistic missile”), calque of English intercontinental ballistic missile.

cal

intercontinental ballistic missile
intercontinental ballistic missile

(weaponry) an intercontinental ballistic missile

ja:大陸間弾道ミサイル

ICBM

ICBM アイシービーエム


大陸間弾道弾

ja-noun

たいりくかん だんどうだん

たいりくかんだんだうだん

大(たい)陸(りく)間(かん)弾(だん)道(どう)弾(だん) • (tairikukan dandōdan) ^(←たいりくかんだんだうだん (tairikukandandaudan)?)

大陸間弾道弾 (canonical)
tairikukan dandōdan (romanization)
tairikukandandaudan (romanization)
たいりくかんだんだうだん (hiragana historical)

たいりくかんだんどーだん

大陸 (tairiku, “continent”) + 間 (kan, “interval”) + 弾道弾 (dandōdan, “ballistic missile”), calque of English intercontinental ballistic missile

af

大陸間弾道ミサイル 大陸間弾道ミサイル#Japanese

(weaponry) synonym of 大陸間弾道ミサイル (tairikukan dandō misairu, “intercontinental ballistic missile”)


暗器

2000 December 20 [1999 May 17], Maekawa, Takeshi, “宮(きゅう)殿(でん)に潜(ひそ)む狼(おおかみ)！の巻(まき) [The Wolf That Lurks inside the Palace!]”, in 新(しん)鉄(てっ)拳(けん)チンミ [New Ironfist Chinmi], 2nd edition, volume 6 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 81:

例の暗器か‥‥‼

(martial arts, weaponry) a hidden weapon


千秋楽

ja-noun

千(せん)秋(しゅう)楽(らく) • (senshūraku) ^(←せんしうらく (sensiuraku)?)

千秋楽 (canonical)
senshūraku (romanization)
sensiuraku (romanization)
せんしうらく (hiragana historical)

→ English: senshuraku

[sẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨːɾa̠kɯ̟]

Compound of 千秋(せんしゅう) (senshū, “thousand years, millennium”, literally “thousand autumns”) + 楽(らく) (raku, “comfort, ease”). The noun senses are derived from the gagaku work, which was originally played to mark the enthronement of Emperor Go-Sanjō in the mid-11th century.
The alternative spelling 千穐楽 is mostly used in the context of theatre, due to superstitions based on the kanji 秋 (“autumn”) containing 火 (“fire”); therefore 亀 (“turtle”) was substituted with a more auspicious connotation.

ja-compound

(sumo, theater) the final day in a set of multi-day performances


どすこい

(sumo) An interjection used in cheering for sumo: great; tremendous; extreme


サンドバッグ

[sã̠ndo̞ba̠ɡ̚ɡ̊ɯ̟]


粛清

[ɕɨ̥kɯ̟se̞ː]


粛清

ja-verb-suru

粛(しゅく)清(せい)する • (shukusei suru) suru (stem 粛(しゅく)清(せい)し (shukusei shi), past 粛(しゅく)清(せい)した (shukusei shita))

粛清する (canonical)
shukusei suru (romanization)
粛清し (stem)
粛清した (past)
粛清し
しゅくせいし
shukusei shi
粛清する
しゅくせいする
shukusei suru
粛清すれ
しゅくせいすれ
shukusei sure
粛清せよ (imperative literary)
粛清しろ (colloquial imperative)
しゅくせいせよ (imperative literary)
しゅくせいしろ (colloquial imperative)
shukusei seyo (imperative literary)
shukusei shiro (colloquial imperative)
粛清される (passive)
しゅくせいされる (passive)
shukusei sareru (passive)
粛清させる (causative)
粛清さす (causative)
しゅくせいさせる (causative)
しゅくせいさす (causative)
shukusei saseru (causative)
shukusei sasu (causative)
粛清できる (potential)
しゅくせいできる (potential)
shukusei dekiru (potential)
粛清しよう (volitional)
しゅくせいしよう (volitional)
shukusei shiyō (volitional)
粛清しない (negative)
しゅくせいしない (negative)
shukusei shinai (negative)
粛清せず (continuative negative)
しゅくせいせず (continuative negative)
shukusei sezu (continuative negative)
粛清します (formal)
しゅくせいします (formal)
shukusei shimasu (formal)
粛清した (perfective)
しゅくせいした (perfective)
shukusei shita (perfective)
粛清して (conjunctive)
しゅくせいして (conjunctive)
shukusei shite (conjunctive)
粛清すれば (conditional hypothetical)
しゅくせいすれば (conditional hypothetical)
shukusei sureba (conditional hypothetical)

[ɕɨ̥kɯ̟se̞ː]


ピストル

[pʲisɨ̥to̞ɾɯ̟]

1978, “サムライ”, 阿久悠 (lyrics), performed by 沢田研二:

片手にピストル、心に花束、唇に火の酒、背中に人生を

Katate ni pisutoru, Kokoro nihanataba, Kuchibiru ni hi no sake, Senaka ni jinsei o

Pistols in both hands, bouquets in my heart, fiery wine to my lips, and a life on my back


コミンテルン

[ko̞mʲĩnte̞ɾɯ̟̃ɴ]


カノン

(weaponry) synonym of カノン砲 (kanon-hō, “cannon”)


カノン砲

カノン砲 (canonical)
kanon-hō (romanization)

From カノン (kanon, “cannon”) + 砲 (hō, “cannon”).


残った

The past perfective form of verb 残る (nokoru, “to remain”).

(sumo) used by a 行司 (gyōji, “referee”) to indicate that a match has begun and is ongoing


縦射

(military) enfilade, a line of raking fire


フォール

ja-noun

フォール • (fōru)


蹲踞

蹲(そん)踞(きょ) or 蹲(そん)踞(こ) • (sonkyo or sonko)

蹲踞 (canonical)
蹲踞 (canonical)
sonkyo (romanization)
sonko (romanization)

From Middle Chinese 蹲踞 (MC dzwon kjoH). The reading of sonko uses the go'on reading of ko for 踞.


蹲踞

ja-verb-suru

蹲(そん)踞(きょ)する or 蹲(そん)踞(こ)する • (sonkyo suru or sonko suru) suru (stem 蹲(そん)踞(きょ)し (sonkyo shi), past 蹲(そん)踞(きょ)した (sonkyo shita))

蹲踞する (canonical)
蹲踞する (canonical)
sonkyo suru (romanization)
sonko suru (romanization)
蹲踞し (stem)
蹲踞した (past)
蹲踞し
そんきょし
sonkyo shi
蹲踞する
そんきょする
sonkyo suru
蹲踞すれ
そんきょすれ
sonkyo sure
蹲踞せよ (imperative literary)
蹲踞しろ (colloquial imperative)
そんきょせよ (imperative literary)
そんきょしろ (colloquial imperative)
sonkyo seyo (imperative literary)
sonkyo shiro (colloquial imperative)
蹲踞される (passive)
そんきょされる (passive)
sonkyo sareru (passive)
蹲踞させる (causative)
蹲踞さす (causative)
そんきょさせる (causative)
そんきょさす (causative)
sonkyo saseru (causative)
sonkyo sasu (causative)
蹲踞できる (potential)
そんきょできる (potential)
sonkyo dekiru (potential)
蹲踞しよう (volitional)
そんきょしよう (volitional)
sonkyo shiyō (volitional)
蹲踞しない (negative)
そんきょしない (negative)
sonkyo shinai (negative)
蹲踞せず (continuative negative)
そんきょせず (continuative negative)
sonkyo sezu (continuative negative)
蹲踞します (formal)
そんきょします (formal)
sonkyo shimasu (formal)
蹲踞した (perfective)
そんきょした (perfective)
sonkyo shita (perfective)
蹲踞して (conjunctive)
そんきょして (conjunctive)
sonkyo shite (conjunctive)
蹲踞すれば (conditional hypothetical)
そんきょすれば (conditional hypothetical)
sonkyo sureba (conditional hypothetical)
蹲踞し
そんこし
sonko shi
蹲踞する
そんこする
sonko suru
蹲踞すれ
そんこすれ
sonko sure
蹲踞せよ (imperative literary)
蹲踞しろ (colloquial imperative)
そんこせよ (imperative literary)
そんこしろ (colloquial imperative)
sonko seyo (imperative literary)
sonko shiro (colloquial imperative)
蹲踞される (passive)
そんこされる (passive)
sonko sareru (passive)
蹲踞させる (causative)
蹲踞さす (causative)
そんこさせる (causative)
そんこさす (causative)
sonko saseru (causative)
sonko sasu (causative)
蹲踞できる (potential)
そんこできる (potential)
sonko dekiru (potential)
蹲踞しよう (volitional)
そんこしよう (volitional)
sonko shiyō (volitional)
蹲踞しない (negative)
そんこしない (negative)
sonko shinai (negative)
蹲踞せず (continuative negative)
そんこせず (continuative negative)
sonko sezu (continuative negative)
蹲踞します (formal)
そんこします (formal)
sonko shimasu (formal)
蹲踞した (perfective)
そんこした (perfective)
sonko shita (perfective)
蹲踞して (conjunctive)
そんこして (conjunctive)
sonko shite (conjunctive)
蹲踞すれば (conditional hypothetical)
そんこすれば (conditional hypothetical)
sonko sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(sumo, kendo) to assume the sonkyo position


巡航ミサイル

巡航ミサイル (canonical)
junkō misairu (romanization)

[d͡ʑɨ̃ŋko̞ː mʲisa̠iɾɯ̟]

From 巡航 (junkō, “cruising”) + ミサイル (misairu, “missile”).


赤旗

(politics) red flag, a symbol of leftist revolutionary ideologies


寄り切り

寄り切り (canonical)
yorikiri (romanization)

→ English: yorikiri

The 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 寄り切る (yorikiru, “to push an opponent out of the ring while gripping on the opponent’s mawashi”).

ただいまの決まり手は「寄り切り」。寄り切って、◯◯の勝ち。

Tadaima no kimarite wa “yorikiri”. Yorikitte,◯◯ no kachi.

The winning move just now is a yorikiri. [wrestler’s name]’s win is by yorikiri.

(sumo) a winning move by pushing an opponent out of the ring while gripping on the opponent’s mawashi


猫騙し

猫騙し (canonical)
nekodamashi (romanization)

猫(ねこ) (neko, “cat”) + 騙(だま)し (damashi, “deception”). Literally, “fool the cat”.

ja-compound

(sumo) loudly clapping hands in front of an opponent’s face to distract them at the start of a sumo match


前褌

(sumo) The front part of a sumo wrestler’s belt, front of the mawashi.


四股名

(sumo) shikona, a sumo athlete’s ring name


立合い

(sumo) tachiai, the initial charge at the start of a sumo bout


陸将

ja-noun

陸(りく)将(しょう) • (rikushō) ^(←りくしやう (rikusyau)?)

陸将 (canonical)
rikushō (romanization)
rikusyau (romanization)
りくしやう (hiragana historical)

[ɾʲikɯ̟̊ɕo̞ː]

(military, of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force) a lieutenant general


陸将補

陸将補 (canonical)
rikushōho (romanization)

陸将 (rikushō, “lieutenant general”) + 補 (-ho, “assistant”)

suf

(military, of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force) a major general


陸佐

[ɾʲikɯ̟̊sa̠]

１等陸佐

２等陸佐

３等陸佐

(military, of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force) a field officer


陸尉

陸尉 (canonical)
rikui (romanization)
rikwi (romanization)
りくゐ (hiragana historical)

１等陸尉

２等陸尉

３等陸尉

(military, of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force) a junior officer


准陸尉

准 (jun-, “semi-”) + 陸尉 (rikui, “junior officer”)

pre

(military, of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force) a warrant officer


陸曹

ja-noun

陸(りく)曹(そう) • (rikusō) ^(←りくさう (rikusau)?)

陸曹 (canonical)
rikusō (romanization)
rikusau (romanization)
りくさう (hiragana historical)

[ɾʲikɯ̟̊so̞ː]

陸曹長

１等陸曹

２等陸曹

３等陸曹

(military, of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force) a non-commissioned officer


陸士

陸士長

１等陸士

２等陸士

３等陸士

(military, of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force) a soldier


海将

海(かい)将(しょう) • (kaishō) ^(←かいしやう (kaisyau)?)

海将 (canonical)
kaishō (romanization)
kaisyau (romanization)
かいしやう (hiragana historical)

(military, of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force) a vice admiral


海将補

海将 (kaishō, “vice admiral”) + 補 (-ho, “assistant”)

suf

(military, of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force) a rear admiral


空将

ja-noun

空(くう)将(しょう) • (kūshō) ^(←くうしやう (kuusyau)?)

空将 (canonical)
kūshō (romanization)
kuusyau (romanization)
くうしやう (hiragana historical)

(military, of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force) a lieutenant general


空将補

空将 (kūshō, “lieutenant general”) + 補 (-ho, “assistant”)

suf

(military, of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force) a major general


海佐

１等海佐

２等海佐

３等海佐

(military, of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force) a field officer


空佐

１等空佐

２等空佐

３等空佐

(military, of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force) a field officer


海尉

海尉 (canonical)
kaii (romanization)
kaiwi (romanization)
かいゐ (hiragana historical)

１等海尉

２等海尉

３等海尉

(military, of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force) a junior officer


空尉

空尉 (canonical)
kūi (romanization)
kuuwi (romanization)
くうゐ (hiragana historical)

１等空尉

２等空尉

３等空尉

(military, of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force) a junior officer


准海尉

准 (jun-, “semi-”) + 海尉 (kaii, “junior officer”)

pre

(military, of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force) a warrant officer


准空尉

准 (jun-, “semi-”) + 空尉 (kūi, “junior officer”)

(military, of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force) a warrant officer


海曹

海曹 (canonical)
kaisō (romanization)
kaisau (romanization)
かいさう (hiragana historical)

海曹長

１等海曹

２等海曹

３等海曹

(military, of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force) a non-commissioned officer


空曹

空曹 (canonical)
kūsō (romanization)
kuusau (romanization)
くうさう (hiragana historical)

空曹長

１等空曹

２等空曹

３等空曹

(military, of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force) a non-commissioned officer


海士

海 (kai, “sea”) + 士 (-shi, “enlisted person”)

suf

海士長

１等海士

２等海士

３等海士

(military, of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force) a sailor


空士

空士長

１等空士

２等空士

３等空士

(military, of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force) an airman


沿岸警備隊

ja-noun

沿(えん)岸(がん)警(けい)備(び)隊(たい) • (engan keibitai)

沿岸警備隊 (canonical)
engan keibitai (romanization)

[ẽ̞ŋɡa̠ŋ ke̞ːbʲita̠i]

From 沿岸 (engan, “coast”) + 警備隊 (keibitai, “guards”).

af

(military, law enforcement, nautical) a coast guard


海兵隊

海兵隊 (canonical)
kaiheitai (romanization)

From 海兵 (kaihei, “marine”) + 隊 (-tai, “troop”).


兵長

ja-noun

兵(へい)長(ちょう) • (heichō) ^(←へいちやう (feityau)?)

兵長 (canonical)
heichō (romanization)
feityau (romanization)
へいちやう (hiragana historical)

[he̞ːt͡ɕo̞ː]


方陣

方陣 (canonical)
hōjin (romanization)
faudin (romanization)
はうぢん (hiragana historical)

完全方陣

完全方陣 かんぜんほうじん


勝ち星

勝ち星 (canonical)
kachiboshi (romanization)

Compound of 勝(か)ち (kachi, “victory, win”) + 星(ほし) (hoshi, “star → dot → circle”).
The hoshi changes to boshi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

(sumo) a white circle used to indicate a win