馬

馬 (canonical)
馬 (canonical)
uma (romanization)
頭 (counter)

Horse
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
Tokyo dialect
Tōkai–Tōsan dialects
ja:馬

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.
The initial m sound was apparently emphasized, possibly similar to *mma, becoming then uma or muma, via processes also seen in the word 梅 (ume, mume, “plum”). However, Pellard simply reconstructs Proto-Japonic *uma and treats the mentioned processes as secondary.
The ma sound denoting "horse" is common to a number of languages of central Asia, where horses were first domesticated, which has led some to speculate about a possible cognate root (but no consensus on any kind of relation exists). Compare Manchu ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ (morin, “horse”), Mongolian морь (morʹ, “horse”), Korean 말 (mal, “horse”), Mandarin 馬 /马 (mǎ, “horse”), and Proto-Indo-European *márkos (“horse”) and descendants such as Irish marc (“horse”, archaic) or English mare (“female horse”). More at *márkos.


西

ja-noun

西(シャー) • (shā)

Possibly a corruption of Mandarin 西 (xī, “west”).

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of west wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


一

Borrowing from Mandarin 一 (yī) in the Qing Dynasty.


四

ja-pos

四(スー) • (sū)

小四喜

四喜和 (sūshīhō)

大四喜

四喜和 (sūshīhō)


白

白 (canonical)
白 (canonical)
haku (romanization)

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of white dragon tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


南

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of south wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


東

From Mandarin 東 /东 (dōng).
Compare Wu 東 /东 (ton), Hakka 東 /东 (tûng), Min Nan 東 /东 (tong).

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of east wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


北

ja-noun

北(ペー) • (pē)

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of north wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


中

(mahjong) Short for 紅中 (honchun): a red dragon tile

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand combination”) with a meld of red dragon tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


吃

From Mandarin 吃 (chī, literally “to eat”).

(mahjong) a call for an open 順子 (shuntsu, “sequence of three suited tiles”), compare English chow


山

山 (canonical)
山 (canonical)
yama (romanization)

山に躓かずして垤に躓く

yama ni tsumazukazu shite tetsu ni tsumazuku

From Old Japanese 山 (yama). First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.
Reconstructed as deriving in turn from Proto-Japonic *yama (“mountain; forest”).


役

From Middle Chinese 役 (MC ywek). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

(card games, mahjong) hand, scoring combination


栄

Invented for Japanese mahjong by Rin Mokō 林茂光 from such a call from some regions of China, after he found that the usual call in Mandarin 和 (hú) was problematic for Japanese speakers. He adopted the character 栄 as ateji, but later discovered that the original character for this sound was 攏 (lǒng). Nevertheless, the character 栄 remained and was accepted as standard.

(mahjong) Short for 栄和 (ronhō): a win by picking up an opponent's discarded tile


桂

Abbreviation of 桂馬 (keima), the knight in 将棋 (shōgi, “Japanese chess”).

(shogi) the knight in 将棋 (shōgi, “Japanese chess”)


槍

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of 遣る (yaru, “to do, execute → to kill”).

(shogi) common name for the 香車 (kyōsha, “lance”)


槓

(mahjong) Short for 槓子 (kantsu): a set of four identical tiles

(mahjong) a call for such a set (compare English kong):

for a 明槓 (minkan, “open kan”), the player calling should have a 暗刻 (ankō, “closed triplet”) in hand and the current discarded tile is the fourth tile

for a 加槓 (kakan, “added kan”), the player should have an 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) beforehand and the fourth tile must be self-drawn

for an 暗槓 (ankan, “closed kan”), the player calling must simply have all four tiles in hand


歩

(shogi, colloquial) a foot soldier (piece that can move one space forward), erroneously called as the equivalent of the pawn in Western chess


河

河 (canonical)
河 (canonical)
hō (romanization)

From Chinese 河 (hé). The pronunciation is most similar to Cantonese /hɔː²¹/, although most Japanese mahjong terminology is taken from early 20th Century Mandarin.

(mahjong) river: a player's discard pile


碰

Borrowed from Mandarin 碰 (pèng).
Compare Cantonese 碰 (pung³), Hokkien 碰 (phòng).

(mahjong) a call for a 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) from a discarded tile, compare English pung

双碰

two-side wait pattern, winning tile may form a triplet with one or the other pair


竜

ja-noun

竜(りゅう) • (ryū)

(shogi, colloquial) Short for 竜王 (ryūō): dragon king; a promoted 角行 (kakugyō, “bishop”) that has the moves of both kakugyō and 王将 (ōshō)/玉将 (gyokushō)


褌

→ English: fundoshi

[ɸɯ̟̃ndo̞ɕi]

越中褌

越中褌 えっちゅうふんどし

西洋褌

西洋褌 せいようふんどし

六尺褌

六尺褌 ろくしゃくふんどし

湯文字: a kind of loincloth wrap used while bathing

a similar wrap worn historically by women under a kimono


都

→ English: Meaco (“Kyōto”)

→ Latin: Meacum (“Kyōto”)

⟨mi₁yako₁⟩ → */mʲijakʷo/ → /mijako/
From Old Japanese, a compound of 宮(みや) (miya, “imperial palace”) + 処(こ) (ko, “place”).

ja-com

(shogi, colloquial) Short for 都詰め (miyakozume): moving the 王将 (ōshō)/玉将 (gyokushō, “king”) to the center of the board with other pieces close together


金

/kimʉ/ → /kiɴ/
From Middle Chinese 金 (kim). Compare modern Mandarin 金 (jīn), Hokkien 金 (kim).

(shogi) Short for 金将 (kinshō): a gold general


銀

Hokkien language
Middle Chinese language

From Middle Chinese 銀 (MC ngin). Compare modern Hokkien reading gîn.

(shogi) Short for 銀将 (ginshō): a silver general


飛

(shogi) Abbreviation of 飛車 (hisha): a flying chariot piece, with movement corresponding to the rook in Western chess


飜

ロン。20符4飜なので、5200です。


駒

Compound of 子(こ) (ko, “child”) + 馬(ま) (ma, “horse”).
See also 子馬(こうま) (kouma).

2013, Habu Yoshiharu: Shōgi-shi o nuri-kaeta otoko [Yoshiharu Habu: The man who changed the face of shogi history], page 88:

A pawn can take a piece that is one step away diagonally.

ポーンは一歩斜めにある駒を取ることができます。

Pōn wa ippo naname ni aru koma o toru koto ga dekimasu.


清一色

[t͡ɕĩɰ̃iːso̞ː]

(mahjong) a winning hand where all the tiles are of the same suit


打つ

ja-verb

打(う)つ • (utsu) transitive godan (stem 打(う)ち (uchi), past 打(う)った (utta))

打つ (canonical)
utsu (romanization)
打ち (stem)
打った (past)
打た
うた
uta
打ち
うち
uchi
打つ
うつ
utsu
打て
うて
ute
打たれる (passive)
うたれる (passive)
utareru (passive)
打たせる (causative)
打たす (causative)
うたせる (causative)
うたす (causative)
utaseru (causative)
utasu (causative)
打てる (potential)
うてる (potential)
uteru (potential)
打とう (volitional)
うとう (volitional)
utō (volitional)
打たない (negative)
うたない (negative)
utanai (negative)
打たず (continuative negative)
うたず (continuative negative)
utazu (continuative negative)
打ちます (formal)
うちます (formal)
uchimasu (formal)
打った (perfective)
うった (perfective)
utta (perfective)
打って (conjunctive)
うって (conjunctive)
utte (conjunctive)
打てば (conditional hypothetical)
うてば (conditional hypothetical)
uteba (conditional hypothetical)
打た (irrealis stem)
うた (irrealis stem)
uta (irrealis)
打ち (continuative stem)
うち (continuative stem)
uti (continuative)
打つ (stem terminative)
うつ (stem terminative)
utu (terminative)
打つ (attributive stem)
うつ (attributive stem)
utu (attributive)
打て (realis stem)
うて (realis stem)
ute (realis)
打て (imperative stem)
うて (imperative stem)
ute (imperative)
打たず (negative)
うたず (negative)
utazu (negative)
打てど (contrastive)
うてど (contrastive)
utedo (contrastive)
打てば (causative)
うてば (causative)
uteba (causative)
打たば (conditional)
うたば (conditional)
utaba (conditional)
打ちき (past)
うちき (past)
utiki (past)
打ちけり (past)
うちけり (past)
utikeri (past)
打ちつ (perfect)
うちつ (perfect)
utitu (perfect)
打ちぬ (perfect)
うちぬ (perfect)
utinu (perfect)
打てり (continuative perfect)
打ちたり (continuative perfect)
うてり (continuative perfect)
うちたり (continuative perfect)
uteri (continuative perfect)
utitari (continuative perfect)
打たむ (volitional)
うたむ (volitional)
utamu (volitional)

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *utu. Cognate with Miyako 打つぃ (utsï).


なる

なる • (naru) intransitive godan (stem なり (nari), past なった (natta))

naru (romanization)
なり (stem)
なった (past)
なら
nara
なり
nari
なる
naru
なれ
nare
なられる (passive)
narareru (passive)
ならせる (causative)
ならす (causative)
naraseru (causative)
narasu (causative)
なれる (potential)
nareru (potential)
なろう (volitional)
narō (volitional)
ならない (negative)
naranai (negative)
ならず (continuative negative)
narazu (continuative negative)
なります (formal)
narimasu (formal)
なった (perfective)
natta (perfective)
なって (conjunctive)
natte (conjunctive)
なれば (conditional hypothetical)
nareba (conditional hypothetical)
なら (irrealis stem)
nara (irrealis stem)
なり (continuative stem)
nari (continuative stem)
なる (stem terminative)
naru (stem terminative)
なる (attributive stem)
naru (attributive stem)
なれ (realis stem)
nare (realis stem)
なれ (imperative stem)
nare (imperative stem)
ならず (negative)
narazu (negative)
なれど (contrastive)
naredo (contrastive)
なれば (causative)
nareba (causative)
ならば (conditional)
naraba (conditional)
なりき (past)
nariki (past)
なりけり (past)
narikeri (past)
なりつ (perfect)
naritu (perfect)
なりぬ (perfect)
narinu (perfect)
なれり (continuative perfect)
なりたり (continuative perfect)
nareri (continuative perfect)
naritari (continuative perfect)
ならむ (volitional)
naramu (volitional)

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *naru. Related to 生(な)る (naru).


平和

平和 (canonical)
平和 (canonical)
pinfu (romanization)
pinhō (romanization)

(mahjong) no points hand: a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) that does not have any of the following: triplets, quads, the player's seat wind, the prevailing wind, or dragons; and the winning tile completes a two-sided wait sequence; worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


大鹿

Probably coined in Japan from Middle Chinese-derived components, as a compound of 大 (dai, “great”) + 鹿 (roku, “stag, male deer”).

compound

(shogi) the great stag, a piece in 大局将棋 (taikyoku shogi, a huge chess variant, played on a 36×36 grid)


桂馬

桂馬の高上がり

reckless move of a keima → going up to an unsuitable status can lead to a negative outcome

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 桂 (kei, “Chinese cinnamon, laurel”) + 馬 (ma, “horse”). 桂 was originally pronounced くゑい (kwei) from Middle Chinese kwejH.

com

*These 3 abbreviations are only used as a typographical convention. They are pronounced the same as their full names.

(shogi) a cassia or laurelled horse (piece that can move two spaces forward then one space left or right), erroneously called in most literature as the equivalent of the “knight” in Western chess


飛龍

ja-noun

飛(ひ)龍(りゅう) or 飛龍(ひりょう) • (hiryū or hiryō)

飛龍 (canonical)
飛龍 (canonical)
hiryū (romanization)
hiryō (romanization)


歩兵

From an earlier borrowing of Middle Chinese 步兵 (MC buH pjaeng).

(shogi, archaic or colloquial) Synonym of 歩 (fu) or 歩 (ho): a foot soldier (piece that can move one space forward), erroneously called in most literature as the equivalent of the “pawn” in Western chess


歩兵

歩兵 (canonical)
fuhyō (romanization)
fufyau (romanization)
ふひやう (hiragana historical)

/ɸu ɸʲau/ → /ɸuçau/ → /ɸuçɔː/ → /ɸuçoː/
From a much-later or orthographic borrowing from Chinese 步兵 (bùbīng).

obor

歩

(shogi) Synonym of 歩 (fu): a foot soldier (piece that can move one space forward), erroneously called in most literature as the equivalent of the “pawn” in Western chess


太子

(shogi) crown prince (promoted drunk elephant, 醉象/酔象)


飛車

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 飛 (hi, “flight, flying”) + 車 (sha, “vehicle”).

com

(shogi) a flying chariot (piece with movement corresponding to the rook in Western chess)


対局

ja-noun

対(たい)局(きょく) • (taikyoku) ^(←たいきよく (taikyoku)?)

対局 (canonical)
taikyoku (romanization)
たいきよく (hiragana historical)

2002 March 9, Yumi Hotta with Obata, Takeshi, “第(だい)134(ひゃくさんじゅうよん)局(きょく) 楊(ヤン)海(ハイ)の助(じょ)言(げん) [Game 134: Yang Hai’s Advice]”, in ヒカルの碁 [Hikaru’s Go], volume 16 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 80:

楽平！勝ッタヨ

楽平！勝ッタヨ


対局

ja-verb-suru

対(たい)局(きょく)する • (taikyoku suru) ^(←たいきよく (taikyoku)?)suru (stem 対(たい)局(きょく)し (taikyoku shi), past 対(たい)局(きょく)した (taikyoku shita))

対局する (canonical)
taikyoku suru (romanization)
taikyoku (romanization)
対局し (stem)
対局した (past)
対局し
たいきょくし
taikyoku shi
対局する
たいきょくする
taikyoku suru
対局すれ
たいきょくすれ
taikyoku sure
対局せよ (imperative literary)
対局しろ (colloquial imperative)
たいきょくせよ (imperative literary)
たいきょくしろ (colloquial imperative)
taikyoku seyo (imperative literary)
taikyoku shiro (colloquial imperative)
対局される (passive)
たいきょくされる (passive)
taikyoku sareru (passive)
対局させる (causative)
対局さす (causative)
たいきょくさせる (causative)
たいきょくさす (causative)
taikyoku saseru (causative)
taikyoku sasu (causative)
対局できる (potential)
たいきょくできる (potential)
taikyoku dekiru (potential)
対局しよう (volitional)
たいきょくしよう (volitional)
taikyoku shiyō (volitional)
対局しない (negative)
たいきょくしない (negative)
taikyoku shinai (negative)
対局せず (continuative negative)
たいきょくせず (continuative negative)
taikyoku sezu (continuative negative)
対局します (formal)
たいきょくします (formal)
taikyoku shimasu (formal)
対局した (perfective)
たいきょくした (perfective)
taikyoku shita (perfective)
対局して (conjunctive)
たいきょくして (conjunctive)
taikyoku shite (conjunctive)
対局すれば (conditional hypothetical)
たいきょくすれば (conditional hypothetical)
taikyoku sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(go, shogi, xiangqi, chess) to play a game


王将

ja-noun

王(おう)将(しょう) • (ōshō) ^(←わうしやう (wausyau)?)

王将 (canonical)
ōshō (romanization)
wausyau (romanization)
わうしやう (hiragana historical)

Compound of 王 (ō, “king”) + 将 (shō, “general”).

(shogi) a king-general (one of two pieces with movement corresponding to the king in Western chess; for the stronger or higher-ranked player who makes the second move)

(shogi) one of the eight major titles of professional shogi, conferred to the winner of an 王将戦 (ōshō-sen, “king match”)


玉将

玉(ぎょく)将(しょう) • (gyokushō) ^(←ぎよくしやう (gyokusyau)?)

玉将 (canonical)
gyokushō (romanization)
gyokusyau (romanization)
ぎよくしやう (hiragana historical)

[ɡʲo̞kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

Compound of 玉 (gyoku, “jewel”) + 将 (shō, “general”).

(shogi) a jeweled general (one of two pieces with movement corresponding to the king in Western chess; for the challenger or lower-ranked player who makes the first move)


金将

金(きん)将(しょう) • (kinshō) ^(←きんしやう (kinsyau)?)

金将 (canonical)
kinshō (romanization)
kinsyau (romanization)
きんしやう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 金 (kin, “gold”) + 将 (shō, “commander, general”).

com

(shogi) a gold general (piece that can move one space orthogonally or forward diagonally)


銀将

ja-noun

銀(ぎん)将(しょう) • (ginshō) ^(←ぎんしやう (ginsyau)?)

銀将 (canonical)
ginshō (romanization)
ginsyau (romanization)
ぎんしやう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese-derived elements 銀 (gin, “silver”) + 将 (shō, “commander, general”).

com

(shogi) a silver general (piece that can move one step diagonally or forward)


香車

ja-noun

香(きょう)車(しゃ) • (kyōsha) ^(←きやうしや (kyausya)?)

香車 (canonical)
kyōsha (romanization)
kyausya (romanization)
きやうしや (hiragana historical)

/kʲau ɕʲa/ → /kʲɔːɕa/ → /kʲoːɕa/
From Middle Chinese-derived elements 香 (kyō, “incense”) + 車 (sha, “vehicle”).

(shogi) an incense chariot (piece that can move any number of free spaces forward)


角行

角(かく)行(ぎょう) • (kakugyō) ^(←かくぎやう (kakugyau)?)

角行 (canonical)
kakugyō (romanization)
kakugyau (romanization)
かくぎやう (hiragana historical)

[ka̠kɯ̟ɡʲo̞ː]

/kakʉ ɡʲau/ → /kakuɡʲɔː/ → /kakuɡʲoː/
From Middle Chinese-derived elements 角 (kaku, “angle”) + 行 (gyō, “going, moving”).

com

(shogi) an angle-mover (piece with movement corresponding to the bishop in Western chess)


角行

ja-noun

角(かく)行(こう) • (kakukō) ^(←かくかう (kakukau)?)

角行 (canonical)
kakukō (romanization)
kakukau (romanization)
かくかう (hiragana historical)

/kakʉ kau/ → /kakukɔː/ → /kakukoː/
From Middle Chinese-derived elements 角 (kaku, “angle”) + 行 (kō, “going, moving”).

com

(shogi, colloquial) an angle-mover (piece with movement corresponding to the bishop in Western chess)


角行

ja-noun

角(かっ)行(こう) • (kakkō) ^(←かくかう (kakukau)?)

角行 (canonical)
kakkō (romanization)
kakukau (romanization)
かくかう (hiragana historical)

/kakʉ kau/ → /kak̚kau/ → /kak̚kɔː/ → /kak̚koː/
Shift from kakukō above.


先手

Moving first; the initiative; having the initiative.

(board games, go, shogi, etc.) the player who moves first

(board games, go, shogi, etc.) a move forcing the opponent to respond; a move with tempo


王手

(shogi, chess) check (move threatening the king, or announcement of this threat)


穴熊

穴熊 (canonical)
穴熊 (canonical)
anaguma (romanization)

Compound of 穴 (ana, “hole”) + 熊 (kuma, “bear”). The kuma changes to guma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

(shogi) a shogi castle that locates the king at the corner of the board and fills all surrounding squares with defending pieces


キング

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:キング
ja:キング (チェス)
ja:キング (トランプ)
ja:松村明


ビショップ

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:松村明


ルーク

ルーク • (rūku)


クイーン

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:クイーン
ja:クイーン (チェス)
ja:クイーン (トランプ)
ja:松村明

クイーン • (kuīn)


手抜き

手 (te, “hand”) + 抜き (nuki, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 抜(ぬ)く (nuku, “omit, skip”))

com

(go, shogi) playing elsewhere; ignoring the opponent's last move


指す

ja-verb

指(さ)す • (sasu) transitive godan (stem 指(さ)し (sashi), past 指(さ)した (sashita))

指す (canonical)
sasu (romanization)
指し (stem)
指した (past)
指さ
ささ
sasa
指し
さし
sashi
指す
さす
sasu
指せ
させ
sase
指される (passive)
さされる (passive)
sasareru (passive)
指させる (causative)
指さす (causative)
ささせる (causative)
ささす (causative)
sasaseru (causative)
sasasu (causative)
指せる (potential)
させる (potential)
saseru (potential)
指そう (volitional)
さそう (volitional)
sasō (volitional)
指さない (negative)
ささない (negative)
sasanai (negative)
指さず (continuative negative)
ささず (continuative negative)
sasazu (continuative negative)
指します (formal)
さします (formal)
sashimasu (formal)
指した (perfective)
さした (perfective)
sashita (perfective)
指して (conjunctive)
さして (conjunctive)
sashite (conjunctive)
指せば (conditional hypothetical)
させば (conditional hypothetical)
saseba (conditional hypothetical)
指さ (irrealis stem)
ささ (irrealis stem)
sasa (irrealis)
指し (continuative stem)
さし (continuative stem)
sasi (continuative)
指す (stem terminative)
さす (stem terminative)
sasu (terminative)
指す (attributive stem)
さす (attributive stem)
sasu (attributive)
指せ (realis stem)
させ (realis stem)
sase (realis)
指せ (imperative stem)
させ (imperative stem)
sase (imperative)
指さず (negative)
ささず (negative)
sasazu (negative)
指せど (contrastive)
させど (contrastive)
sasedo (contrastive)
指せば (causative)
させば (causative)
saseba (causative)
指さば (conditional)
ささば (conditional)
sasaba (conditional)
指しき (past)
さしき (past)
sasiki (past)
指しけり (past)
さしけり (past)
sasikeri (past)
指しつ (perfect)
さしつ (perfect)
sasitu (perfect)
指しぬ (perfect)
さしぬ (perfect)
sasinu (perfect)
指せり (continuative perfect)
指したり (continuative perfect)
させり (continuative perfect)
さしたり (continuative perfect)
saseri (continuative perfect)
sasitari (continuative perfect)
指さむ (volitional)
ささむ (volitional)
sasamu (volitional)

(shogi, chess) play (the game or a move); move (a piece); make (a move)


金銀

金銀風花

金銀風花 きんぎんふうか


白板

Borrowed from Mandarin 白板 (báibǎn, “whiteboard, white tile”).

bor

(mahjong) The white dragon playing-tile, especially as depicted without any markings.


竜馬

From Middle Chinese 龍馬 (MC ljowng maeX, literally “dragon horse”).

ltc-l

(shogi) a promoted 角行 (kakugyō, “angle-mover”), having a move corresponding to both bishop and king in Western chess


竜馬

(shogi, colloquial) a promoted 角行 (kakugyō, “angle-mover”), having a move corresponding to both bishop and king in Western chess


横行

ja-noun

横(おう)行(ぎょう) • (ōgyō) ^(←わうぎやう (waugyau)?)

横行 (canonical)
ōgyō (romanization)
waugyau (romanization)
わうぎやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) side mover (piece used in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


鳳凰

鳳凰 (canonical)
hōō (romanization)
fouwau (romanization)
ほうわう (hiragana historical)

Daijisen
Fenghuang
Peng (mythology)
Vermilion Bird
ja:松村明
ja:鳳凰
ja:鳳凰 (曖昧さ回避)

/pouwau/ → /ɸoːwɔː/ → /hoːɔː/ → /hoːoː/
Borrowing from Chinese 鳳凰 /凤凰 (fènghuáng, literally “male fire-bird + female fire-bird”), date of borrowing unknown.

bor

(shogi) phoenix: a piece in 中将棋 (chū-shōgi) and larger shogi variants


ハメ手

ハメ hame from 嵌める (hameru, “draw into; entrap”), and 手 (te, “move”).

(go, shogi) a joseki trap; a bad move intended to trick the opponent into entering a known bad sequence


定跡

(shogi, chess) A studied and standardized sequence of moves; joseki.


天王山

(shogi) The square at the center of the board.


駒台

(shogi) piece stand, for holding captured pieces


成桂

From 成り (nari, the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 成る (naru), “to promote (at an opponent’s square)”) + 桂 (kei, abbreviated from 桂馬 (keima), “cassia horse → laurelled horse”).

com

abbreviated from <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">桂馬</i> (keima), “cassia horse → laurelled horse”

(shogi) a promoted cassia horse, with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)


詰める

ja-verb

詰(つ)める • (tsumeru) ichidan (stem 詰(つ)め (tsume), past 詰(つ)めた (tsumeta))

詰める (canonical)
tsumeru (romanization)
詰め (stem)
詰めた (past)
詰め
つめ
tsume
詰める
つめる
tsumeru
詰めれ
つめれ
tsumere
詰めよ (imperative literary)
詰めろ (colloquial imperative)
つめよ (imperative literary)
つめろ (colloquial imperative)
tsumeyo (imperative literary)
tsumero (colloquial imperative)
詰められる (passive)
つめられる (passive)
tsumerareru (passive)
詰めさせる (causative)
詰めさす (causative)
つめさせる (causative)
つめさす (causative)
tsumesaseru (causative)
tsumesasu (causative)
詰められる (potential)
詰めれる (colloquial potential)
つめられる (potential)
つめれる (colloquial potential)
tsumerareru (potential)
tsumereru (colloquial potential)
詰めよう (volitional)
つめよう (volitional)
tsumeyō (volitional)
詰めない (negative)
詰めぬ (negative)
詰めん (negative)
つめない (negative)
つめぬ (negative)
つめん (negative)
tsumenai (negative)
tsumenu (negative)
tsumen (negative)
詰めず (continuative negative)
つめず (continuative negative)
tsumezu (continuative negative)
詰めます (formal)
つめます (formal)
tsumemasu (formal)
詰めた (perfective)
つめた (perfective)
tsumeta (perfective)
詰めて (conjunctive)
つめて (conjunctive)
tsumete (conjunctive)
詰めれば (conditional hypothetical)
つめれば (conditional hypothetical)
tsumereba (conditional hypothetical)

[t͡sɨme̞ɾɯ̟]


一万

ja-noun

一(イイ)万(ワン) or 一万(イーワン) • (īwan)

一万 (canonical)
一万 (canonical)
īwan (romanization)

Borrowed from Mandarin 一萬 /一万 (yīwàn) during the Qing dynasty.

(mahjong) Alternative spelling of 一萬 (“the tile of 1 wan”)


一万

一(イイ)万(マン) or 一万(イーマン) • (īman)

一万 (canonical)
一万 (canonical)
īman (romanization)


竜王

竜(りゅう)王(おう) • (ryūō) ^(←りゆうわう (ryuuwau)?)

竜王 (canonical)
ryūō (romanization)
ryuuwau (romanization)
りゆうわう (hiragana historical)

/rʲuː wau/ → /rʲuːwɔː/ → /rʲuːɔː/ → /ɾʲɯᵝːoː/
From Middle Chinese 龍王 (MC ljowng hjwang).

(shogi) a promoted 飛車 (hisha, “flying chariot”), having a move corresponding to both rook and king in Western chess

(shogi) one of the eight major titles of professional shogi, conferred to the winner of a 竜王戦 (ryūō-sen, “dragon king match”)


必死

From 必 (hitsu, “necessary”) + 死 (shi, “death”).


対面

zh-m

對面／对面 (duìmiàn)


風車

風車 (canonical)
kazaguruma (romanization)

[ka̠za̠ɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ma̠]

Clematis patens
Pinwheel (toy)
ja:カザグルマ
ja:風車 (将棋)

Compound of 風 (kaza, “wind”, the older combining form) + 車 (kuruma, “wheel”). The kuruma changes to guruma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


酔象

酔象 (canonical)
suizō (romanization)
suizau (romanization)
すいざう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) drunken elephant (a piece found in sho shogi, a variation of shogi)


醉象

醉象 (canonical)
suizō (romanization)
suizau (romanization)
すいざう (hiragana historical)


ニコニコ

(mahjong, slang) a 役 (yaku, “hand”) of seven pairs, worth 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


単騎

(mahjong) a 待(ま)ち (machi, “wait”) for a single tile


順子

(mahjong) a run of three connected tiles in a suit (compare English chow)


国士無双

ja-noun

国(こく)士(し)無(む)双(そう) • (kokushi musō) ^(←こくしむさう (kokusimusau)?)

国士無双 (canonical)
kokushi musō (romanization)
kokusimusau (romanization)
こくしむさう (hiragana historical)

From the Records of the Grand Historian.
Compound of 国士 (kokushi, “patriot, respectable person”) + 無双 (musō, “matchless, unparalleled”).

国士無双十三面待ち

十三面待 じゅうさんめんま

(mahjong) a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand of all thirteen unique 么九牌 (yaochūpai, “terminals and honours”), plus one more of any of those tiles; the same as "thirteen orphans" in Chinese mahjong


反車

ja-noun

反(へん)車(しゃ) • (hensha) ^(←へんしや (fensya)?)

反車 (canonical)
hensha (romanization)
fensya (romanization)
へんしや (hiragana historical)

(shogi) reverse chariot (piece in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


飛牛

飛牛 (canonical)
higyū (romanization)
figiu (romanization)
ひぎう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) flying ox (piece in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


と金

→ English: tokin

From the resemblance of the shorthand cursive version of the character 金 (kin), displayed on the back of the piece, to the hiragana letter と (to).

(shogi) a promoted 歩兵 (fuhyō, “foot soldier”), with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru


筒子

Borrowed from Mandarin 餅子／饼子 (bǐngzi). The kanji form is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 筒子 (tǒngzi). The two Chinese words are synonyms.


青龍

(shogi) blue dragon, a piece in dai dai shogi, tai shogi and taikyoku shogi


頓死

(shogi) A blunder that leads to checkmate.


頓死

ja-verb-suru

頓(とん)死(し)する • (tonshi suru) suru (stem 頓(とん)死(し)し (tonshi shi), past 頓(とん)死(し)した (tonshi shita))

頓死する (canonical)
tonshi suru (romanization)
頓死し (stem)
頓死した (past)
頓死し
とんしし
tonshi shi
頓死する
とんしする
tonshi suru
頓死すれ
とんしすれ
tonshi sure
頓死せよ (imperative literary)
頓死しろ (colloquial imperative)
とんしせよ (imperative literary)
とんししろ (colloquial imperative)
tonshi seyo (imperative literary)
tonshi shiro (colloquial imperative)
頓死される (passive)
とんしされる (passive)
tonshi sareru (passive)
頓死させる (causative)
頓死さす (causative)
とんしさせる (causative)
とんしさす (causative)
tonshi saseru (causative)
tonshi sasu (causative)
頓死できる (potential)
とんしできる (potential)
tonshi dekiru (potential)
頓死しよう (volitional)
とんししよう (volitional)
tonshi shiyō (volitional)
頓死しない (negative)
とんししない (negative)
tonshi shinai (negative)
頓死せず (continuative negative)
とんしせず (continuative negative)
tonshi sezu (continuative negative)
頓死します (formal)
とんしします (formal)
tonshi shimasu (formal)
頓死した (perfective)
とんしした (perfective)
tonshi shita (perfective)
頓死して (conjunctive)
とんしして (conjunctive)
tonshi shite (conjunctive)
頓死すれば (conditional hypothetical)
とんしすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tonshi sureba (conditional hypothetical)


𤼵

(mahjong) Short for 緑發 (ryūfā): green dragon (tile)

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a meld of green dragon tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


字一色

ja-noun

字(ツー)一(イー)色(ソー) • (tsūīsō)

(mahjong) all honours: a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand that consists of only 風牌 (kazehai, “wind tiles”) and 三元牌 (sangenpai, “dragon tiles”)


緑一色

緑一色(リューイーソー) • (ryūīsō)

[ɾʲɨːiːso̞ː]

Borrowed from Mandarin 綠一色 /绿一色 (lǜyīsè).

(mahjong) all green: a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand consisting of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 of 索子 (sōzu, “bamboo”), and 發/𤼵 (hatsu, “green dragon”) tiles.


上家

上家 (canonical)
上家 (canonical)
kamicha (romanization)

From 上 (kami, “high, top”) + Chinese 家 (jiā, “-er”).

(mahjong) the opponent on the player's left; player on the left


骨牌

Borrowing from Mandarin 骨牌 (gǔpái, “Chinese-style dominoes”).

bor

(mahjong) mahjong tiles made from animal bone


人和

(mahjong) hand of man: win by discard on the first go-around of play; depending on the rules, it can be worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”), 倍満 (baiman), 満貫 (mangan), or any other number of points


下家

下家 (canonical)
下家 (canonical)
shimocha (romanization)

From 下 (shimo, “end, low”) + Chinese 家 (jiā, “-er”).

(mahjong) the opponent on the player's right; player on the right


奔王

ja-noun

奔(ほん)王(のう) or 奔(ほん)王(おう) • (honnō or hon'ō) ^(←ほんわう (fon'wau)?)

奔王 (canonical)
奔王 (canonical)
honnō (romanization)
hon'ō (romanization)
fon'wau (romanization)
ほんわう (hiragana historical)

The ō reading for 王 changes to nō as an instance of renjō (連声).

ja-renjō

(shogi) free king, queen (a piece in chu shogi, dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


銅将

ja-noun

銅(どう)将(しょう) • (dōshō) ^(←どうしやう (dousyau)?)

銅将 (canonical)
dōshō (romanization)
dousyau (romanization)
どうしやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) copper general (a piece used in chu shogi, dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


鉄将

鉄(てっ)将(しょう) • (tesshō) ^(←てつしやう (tetusyau)?)

鉄将 (canonical)
tesshō (romanization)
tetusyau (romanization)
てつしやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) iron general (a piece used in dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


石将

石(せき)将(しょう) • (sekishō) ^(←せきしやう (sekisyau)?)

石将 (canonical)
sekishō (romanization)
sekisyau (romanization)
せきしやう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) stone general (a piece used in dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


猛豹

猛(もう)豹(ひょう) • (mōhyō) ^(←まうへう (maufeu)?)

猛豹 (canonical)
mōhyō (romanization)
maufeu (romanization)
まうへう (hiragana historical)

(shogi) ferocious leopard (a piece used in chu shogi, dai shogi and larger shogi variants)


白駒

白駒 (canonical)
hakku (romanization)
fakuku (romanization)
はくく (hiragana historical)

(shogi) white horse (a piece in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


生駒

生(なま) (nama, “unprocessed”) + 駒(こま) (koma, “shogi piece”)


錯和

(mahjong) declaring a win without a legal hand


錯和

ja-verb-suru

錯(チョン)和(ボ)する • (chonbo suru) suru (stem 錯(チョン)和(ボ)し (chonbo shi), past 錯(チョン)和(ボ)した (chonbo shita))

錯和する (canonical)
chonbo suru (romanization)
錯和し (stem)
錯和した (past)
錯和し
チョンボし
chonbo shi
錯和する
チョンボする
chonbo suru
錯和すれ
チョンボすれ
chonbo sure
錯和せよ (imperative literary)
錯和しろ (colloquial imperative)
チョンボせよ (imperative literary)
チョンボしろ (colloquial imperative)
chonbo seyo (imperative literary)
chonbo shiro (colloquial imperative)
錯和される (passive)
チョンボされる (passive)
chonbo sareru (passive)
錯和させる (causative)
錯和さす (causative)
チョンボさせる (causative)
チョンボさす (causative)
chonbo saseru (causative)
chonbo sasu (causative)
錯和できる (potential)
チョンボできる (potential)
chonbo dekiru (potential)
錯和しよう (volitional)
チョンボしよう (volitional)
chonbo shiyō (volitional)
錯和しない (negative)
チョンボしない (negative)
chonbo shinai (negative)
錯和せず (continuative negative)
チョンボせず (continuative negative)
chonbo sezu (continuative negative)
錯和します (formal)
チョンボします (formal)
chonbo shimasu (formal)
錯和した (perfective)
チョンボした (perfective)
chonbo shita (perfective)
錯和して (conjunctive)
チョンボして (conjunctive)
chonbo shite (conjunctive)
錯和すれば (conditional hypothetical)
チョンボすれば (conditional hypothetical)
chonbo sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(mahjong) to declare a win without a legal hand


栄和

ja-noun

栄(ロン)和(ホー) or 栄和(ロンホウ) • (ronhō)

栄和 (canonical)
栄和 (canonical)
ronhō (romanization)

(mahjong) a win by picking up an opponent's recently discarded tile


四暗刻

四(スー)暗(アン)刻(コー) or 四暗刻(スウアンコウ) or 四暗刻(スーアンコウ) • (sūankō)

四暗刻 (canonical)
四暗刻 (canonical)
四暗刻 (canonical)
sūankō (romanization)
スーアンコ (alternative katakana)
sūanko (Rōmaji alternative katakana)

[sɨːã̠ŋko̞ː]

From Mandarin 四暗刻 (sì'ànkè).
Equivalent to 四 (sū, “four”) + 暗刻 (ankō, “concealed triplet”).

com

(mahjong) a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand consisting of four concealed triplets


断么

[tã̠ɰ̃ja̠o̞]

zh-l

斷幺／断幺 (duànyāo)

(mahjong) Short for 断么九 (tan'yaochū): a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) without any terminal or honor tiles, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


断么九

ja-noun

断么九(タンヤオチュー) or 断么九(タンヤオチュウ) • (tan'yaochū)

断么九 (canonical)
断么九 (canonical)
tan'yaochū (romanization)

[tã̠ɰ̃ja̠o̞t͡ɕɨː]

Probably from 断(タン) (tan, “sever, cut off”) + 么(ヤオ)九(チュー)牌(パイ) (yaochūpai, “terminal and honour tiles”).
The pronunciation is borrowed from Mandarin 斷幺九 /断幺九 (duànyāojiǔ).

ja-compound

(mahjong) all simples: a 役 (yaku, “hand”) that has 2-8 of any of the three main suits, lacking any 么九牌 (yaochūpai, “terminal and honour tiles”), worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


大三元

大三元 (canonical)
daisangen (romanization)

[da̠isã̠ŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 大三元 (dàsānyuán)
From 大 (dai-, “big, great”) + 三元 (sangen, clipping of 三元牌 (sangenpai), “dragon tiles”).

prefix

clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">三元牌</i> (sangenpai), “dragon tiles”

(mahjong) a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand with melds of all three dragon tiles


立直

From Mandarin 立直 (lìzhí).
Compare Japanese リーチ (rīchi), from English reach.

(mahjong) riichi, a 役(やく) (yaku, “scoring condition”) completed by declaring the hand to be 聴(てん)牌(ぱい) (tenpai, “ready”), waiting for one more tile to win; can potentially also score 一(いっ)発(ぱつ) (ippatsu) and 裏(うら)ドラ (uradora)

(mahjong) a call for such a ready hand, riichi


小三元

小三元 (canonical)
shōsangen (romanization)

[ɕo̞ːsã̠ŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 小三元 (xiǎosānyuán).
Can be analyzed as derived from 小 (shō-, “little, small”) + 三元 (sangen, clipping of 三元牌 (sangenpai), “dragon tiles”).

prefix

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “hand”) with melds of two dragon tiles and a pair of the third, worth 2 翻 (han, “doubles”); along with an additional 2 翻 (han) from the 役牌 (yakuhai, “honour meld”) of said two dragon tiles, a combined total of 4 翻 (han)


三元牌

ja-noun

三(さん)元(げん)牌(パイ) or 三元牌(サンユアンパイ) • (sangenpai or san'yuanpai)

三元牌 (canonical)
三元牌 (canonical)
sangenpai (romanization)
san'yuanpai (romanization)

[sã̠ŋɡẽ̞mpa̠i]

[sã̠ɰ̃jɯ̟ã̠mpa̠i]

From 三元 (sangen, “three fundamentals”) + 牌 (pai, “mahjong tile”).
Alternatively, a direct borrowing from Mandarin 三元牌 (sānyuánpái).

com

(mahjong) generic name of the three dragon tiles:

白(パイ)板(パン) (paipan) or 白(はく) (haku, “white dragon”)

緑(リュー)發(ファー) (ryūfā) or 𤼵(はつ) (hatsu, “green dragon”)

紅(ホン)中(チュン) (honchun) or 中(チュン) (chun, “red dragon”)


対局時計

対局時計 (canonical)
taikyokudokei (romanization)

対局 (taikyoku, “game (of chess, shogi, go, etc.)”) + 時計 (tokei, “clock”, jukujikun (熟字訓))

jukujikun (<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">熟字訓</i>)

(chess, shogi, go) a timer; a chess clock, a shogi clock, a go clock, etc.


テンパる

ja-verb

テンパる • (tenparu) intransitive godan (stem テンパり (tenpari), past テンパった (tenpatta))

tenparu (romanization)
テンパり (stem)
テンパった (past)
テンパら
tenpara
テンパり
tenpari
テンパる
tenparu
テンパれ
tenpare
テンパられる (passive)
tenparareru (passive)
テンパらせる (causative)
テンパらす (causative)
tenparaseru (causative)
tenparasu (causative)
テンパれる (potential)
tenpareru (potential)
テンパろう (volitional)
tenparō (volitional)
テンパらない (negative)
tenparanai (negative)
テンパらず (continuative negative)
tenparazu (continuative negative)
テンパります (formal)
tenparimasu (formal)
テンパった (perfective)
tenpatta (perfective)
テンパって (conjunctive)
tenpatte (conjunctive)
テンパれば (conditional hypothetical)
tenpareba (conditional hypothetical)

[tẽ̞mpa̠ɾɯ̟]

From 聴(テン)牌(パイ) (tenpai, “ready hand”) + る (-ru, verb modifier).

ja-compound

三巡目でテンパる

(mahjong) to become tenpai; to become one tile away from completion


仲人

(shogi) go-between (piece in chu shogi and larger shogi variants)


手駒

(shogi) pieces captured from an opponent


門前清

門前清 (canonical)
menzenchin (romanization)

(mahjong) having one's hand completely concealed; not having called any tiles


必至

From 必 (hitsu, “necessary”) + 至 (shi, “reach”).


自摸

Shift from tsūmō (see Etymology 2 below).
Now the more-common reading, likely due to the rise of mahjong video games during the later half of the 20th century.

(mahjong) self-drawing the winning tile; also, a call for such a win

(mahjong, colloquial) Short for 門前清自摸和 (menzenchin tsumohō): a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) of self-draw and all closed melds, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


自摸

ja-noun

自(ツー)摸(モー) • (tsūmō)


刻子

(mahjong) a set of three identical tiles, three of a kind, triplet (compare English pung)


詰む

ja-verb

詰(つ)む • (tsumu) intransitive godan (stem 詰(つ)み (tsumi), past 詰(つ)んだ (tsunda))

詰む (canonical)
tsumu (romanization)
詰み (stem)
詰んだ (past)
詰ま
つま
tsuma
詰み
つみ
tsumi
詰む
つむ
tsumu
詰め
つめ
tsume
詰まれる (passive)
つまれる (passive)
tsumareru (passive)
詰ませる (causative)
詰ます (causative)
つませる (causative)
つます (causative)
tsumaseru (causative)
tsumasu (causative)
詰める (potential)
つめる (potential)
tsumeru (potential)
詰もう (volitional)
つもう (volitional)
tsumō (volitional)
詰まない (negative)
つまない (negative)
tsumanai (negative)
詰まず (continuative negative)
つまず (continuative negative)
tsumazu (continuative negative)
詰みます (formal)
つみます (formal)
tsumimasu (formal)
詰んだ (perfective)
つんだ (perfective)
tsunda (perfective)
詰んで (conjunctive)
つんで (conjunctive)
tsunde (conjunctive)
詰めば (conditional hypothetical)
つめば (conditional hypothetical)
tsumeba (conditional hypothetical)
詰ま (irrealis stem)
つま (irrealis stem)
tuma (irrealis)
詰み (continuative stem)
つみ (continuative stem)
tumi (continuative)
詰む (stem terminative)
つむ (stem terminative)
tumu (terminative)
詰む (attributive stem)
つむ (attributive stem)
tumu (attributive)
詰め (realis stem)
つめ (realis stem)
tume (realis)
詰め (imperative stem)
つめ (imperative stem)
tume (imperative)
詰まず (negative)
つまず (negative)
tumazu (negative)
詰めど (contrastive)
つめど (contrastive)
tumedo (contrastive)
詰めば (causative)
つめば (causative)
tumeba (causative)
詰まば (conditional)
つまば (conditional)
tumaba (conditional)
詰みき (past)
つみき (past)
tumiki (past)
詰みけり (past)
つみけり (past)
tumikeri (past)
詰みつ (perfect)
つみつ (perfect)
tumitu (perfect)
詰みぬ (perfect)
つみぬ (perfect)
tuminu (perfect)
詰めり (continuative perfect)
詰みたり (continuative perfect)
つめり (continuative perfect)
つみたり (continuative perfect)
tumeri (continuative perfect)
tumitari (continuative perfect)
詰まむ (volitional)
つまむ (volitional)
tumamu (volitional)

あと一手で詰んでしまう

The king will be checkmated in the next move.


役満

[ja̠kɯ̟mã̠ɴ]

(mahjong) a win by counting over twelve 飜 (han), or worth four times of a 満貫 (mangan): 48,000 points if the winning player is on the East (dealer) side or 32,000 points otherwise


投了

ja-verb-suru

投(とう)了(りょう)する • (tōryō suru) intransitive suru (stem 投(とう)了(りょう)し (tōryō shi), past 投(とう)了(りょう)した (tōryō shita))

投了する (canonical)
tōryō suru (romanization)
投了し (stem)
投了した (past)
投了し
とうりょうし
tōryō shi
投了する
とうりょうする
tōryō suru
投了すれ
とうりょうすれ
tōryō sure
投了せよ (imperative literary)
投了しろ (colloquial imperative)
とうりょうせよ (imperative literary)
とうりょうしろ (colloquial imperative)
tōryō seyo (imperative literary)
tōryō shiro (colloquial imperative)
投了される (passive)
とうりょうされる (passive)
tōryō sareru (passive)
投了させる (causative)
投了さす (causative)
とうりょうさせる (causative)
とうりょうさす (causative)
tōryō saseru (causative)
tōryō sasu (causative)
投了できる (potential)
とうりょうできる (potential)
tōryō dekiru (potential)
投了しよう (volitional)
とうりょうしよう (volitional)
tōryō shiyō (volitional)
投了しない (negative)
とうりょうしない (negative)
tōryō shinai (negative)
投了せず (continuative negative)
とうりょうせず (continuative negative)
tōryō sezu (continuative negative)
投了します (formal)
とうりょうします (formal)
tōryō shimasu (formal)
投了した (perfective)
とうりょうした (perfective)
tōryō shita (perfective)
投了して (conjunctive)
とうりょうして (conjunctive)
tōryō shite (conjunctive)
投了すれば (conditional hypothetical)
とうりょうすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tōryō sureba (conditional hypothetical)

From the practice of a go player dropping several stones on the board to resign.


待った

Perfective た (-ta) form of verb 待(ま)つ (matsu, “to wait”). Interjection and noun senses developed from the use of the ta-form as a colloquial imperative.

(go, shogi, chess) takeback; withdrawal of the previous move


満貫

(mahjong) a win by counting five 飜 (han), or three/four han with the required number of 符 (fu); worth 12,000 points if the winning player is on the East (dealer) side or 8,000 points otherwise


役満貫

役満貫 (canonical)
yaku-mangan (romanization)

[ja̠kɯ̟mã̠ŋɡã̠ɴ]

From 役 (yaku, “scoring combination”) + 満貫 (mangan, “win of 8,000/12,000 points”).

com

(mahjong) a winning hand using special rules; worth 48,000 points if the winning player is on the East (dealer) side or 32,000 points otherwise


槓子

(mahjong) a set of four identical tiles, compare English kong, four of a kind


二歩

(shogi) two pawns on a same file (an illegal move)


詰めろ

Imperative of 詰める (“to checkmate”). The literal meaning is generally understood as, "Checkmate me, or you will be checkmated instead."


成香

From 成り (nari, the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 成る (naru), “to promote (at an opponent’s square)”) + 香 (kyō, abbreviated from 香車 (kyōsha), “incense chariot”).

abbreviated from <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">香車</i> (kyōsha), “incense chariot”

(shogi) a promoted incense chariot or lance, with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)


小鬢

(shogi) the squares diagonally in front of a rook or king


両取り

ja-noun

両(りょう)取(と)り or 両(りょう)取(ど)り • (ryōtori or ryōdori)

両取り (canonical)
両取り (canonical)
ryōtori (romanization)
ryōdori (romanization)

[ɾʲo̞ːto̞ɾʲi]

[ɾʲo̞ːdo̞ɾʲi]


ゴールデンゲートブリッジ

ja-pos

ゴールデン ゲート ブリッジ

(by extension, mahjong) 金門橋: a local-rule hand containing four 順子 (shuntsu) of 1-2-3, 3-4-5, 5-6-7, and 7-8-9 of a suit, worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”)


現物

[ɡẽ̞mbɯ̟t͡sɨ]

(mahjong) tile that is discarded by other players


索子

索子 (canonical)
索子 (canonical)
sōzu (romanization)


風牌

ja-noun

風(フォン)牌(パイ) or 風(かぜ)牌(はい) • (fonpai or kazehai)

風牌 (canonical)
風牌 (canonical)
fonpai (romanization)
kazehai (romanization)

Borrowed from Mandarin 風牌 /风牌 (fēngpái).


紅中

紅(ホン)中(チュン) or 紅中(フォンチュン) • (honchun or fonchun)

紅中 (canonical)
紅中 (canonical)
honchun (romanization)
fonchun (romanization)

[hõ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕɨ̃ɴ]


字牌

字(じ)牌(はい) or 字(ツー)牌(パイ) • (jihai or tsūpai)

字牌 (canonical)
字牌 (canonical)
jihai (romanization)
tsūpai (romanization)


天和

(mahjong) heavenly hand: a winning hand drawn by the dealer at the beginning of the game, worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”)


地和

地(チー)和(ホー) • (chīhō)

(mahjong) earthly hand: a winning hand drawn by a non-dealer during the first go around of a game, worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”)


混一色

[hõ̞ɰ̃iːso̞ː]

(mahjong) half flush; a winning hand composed of only honor tiles and tiles of a single suit


七対子

七対子 (canonical)
chītoitsu (romanization)

From Mandarin 七對子 /七对子 (qīduìzi).
Equivalent to 七 (chī, “seven”) + 対子 (toitsu, “pair”).

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “hand”) of seven pairs, worth 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


雀士

Compound from 雀(ジャン) (jan, “mahjong”) + 士(し) (shi, “person”).


棋力

[kʲiɾʲo̞kɯ̟]

Compound of 棋(き) (ki, “shogi; go”) + 力(りょく) (ryoku, “power”).

(shogi, go) (one's) playing skill of shogi or go


逆王手

[ɡʲa̠kɯ̟o̞ːte̞]


封じ手

Compound of 封(ふう)じ (fūji, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 封(ふう)じる (fūjiru, “to seal”)) + 手(て) (te, “move”).


詰め

連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 詰(つ)める (tsumeru, “to stuff, to fill, to narrow, to finish”).


小四喜

ja-noun

小(しょう)四(スー)喜(シー) or 小四喜(シャオスーシー) • (shōsūshī or shaosūshī)

小四喜 (canonical)
小四喜 (canonical)
shōsūshī (romanization)
shaosūshī (romanization)

[ɕo̞ːsɨːɕiː]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 小四喜, derived from 小 (shō-, “little”) + 四喜和 (sūshīhō, “win with melds of all four wind tiles”).

prefix

(mahjong) a winning hand with triplets (or quads) of three wind tiles and a pair of the fourth, worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”)


大四喜

ja-noun

大(だい)四(スー)喜(シー) or 大(ダー)四(スー)喜(シー) • (daisūshī or dāsūshī)

大四喜 (canonical)
大四喜 (canonical)
daisūshī (romanization)
dāsūshī (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 大四喜, derived from 大 (dai-, “big, great”) + 四喜和 (sūshīhō, “win with melds of all four wind tiles”).
Also attested in some dictionaries as a direct borrowing from Mandarin 大四喜 (dàsìxǐ).

prefix

(mahjong) a winning hand with triplets or quads of all four wind tiles, worth double 役満 (yakuman, “limit”)


四槓子

(mahjong) winning hand containing four kongs


流局

[ɾʲɨːkʲo̞kɯ̟]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 流局 (liújú)

obor

(mahjong, of a hand) ending without anyone completing their own hand and winning; drawing


流局

ja-verb-suru

流(りゅう)局(きょく)する • (ryūkyoku suru) suru (stem 流(りゅう)局(きょく)し (ryūkyoku shi), past 流(りゅう)局(きょく)した (ryūkyoku shita))

流局する (canonical)
ryūkyoku suru (romanization)
流局し (stem)
流局した (past)
流局し
りゅうきょくし
ryūkyoku shi
流局する
りゅうきょくする
ryūkyoku suru
流局すれ
りゅうきょくすれ
ryūkyoku sure
流局せよ (imperative literary)
流局しろ (colloquial imperative)
りゅうきょくせよ (imperative literary)
りゅうきょくしろ (colloquial imperative)
ryūkyoku seyo (imperative literary)
ryūkyoku shiro (colloquial imperative)
流局される (passive)
りゅうきょくされる (passive)
ryūkyoku sareru (passive)
流局させる (causative)
流局さす (causative)
りゅうきょくさせる (causative)
りゅうきょくさす (causative)
ryūkyoku saseru (causative)
ryūkyoku sasu (causative)
流局できる (potential)
りゅうきょくできる (potential)
ryūkyoku dekiru (potential)
流局しよう (volitional)
りゅうきょくしよう (volitional)
ryūkyoku shiyō (volitional)
流局しない (negative)
りゅうきょくしない (negative)
ryūkyoku shinai (negative)
流局せず (continuative negative)
りゅうきょくせず (continuative negative)
ryūkyoku sezu (continuative negative)
流局します (formal)
りゅうきょくします (formal)
ryūkyoku shimasu (formal)
流局した (perfective)
りゅうきょくした (perfective)
ryūkyoku shita (perfective)
流局して (conjunctive)
りゅうきょくして (conjunctive)
ryūkyoku shite (conjunctive)
流局すれば (conditional hypothetical)
りゅうきょくすれば (conditional hypothetical)
ryūkyoku sureba (conditional hypothetical)

[ɾʲɨːkʲo̞kɯ̟]

(mahjong, of a hand) to end without anyone completing their own hand and winning; to draw


暗槓

zh-l

暗槓／暗杠 (àngàng)


暗槓

ja-verb-suru

暗(アン)槓(カン)する • (ankan suru) suru (stem 暗(アン)槓(カン)し (ankan shi), past 暗(アン)槓(カン)した (ankan shita))

暗槓する (canonical)
ankan suru (romanization)
暗槓し (stem)
暗槓した (past)
暗槓し
アンカンし
ankan shi
暗槓する
アンカンする
ankan suru
暗槓すれ
アンカンすれ
ankan sure
暗槓せよ (imperative literary)
暗槓しろ (colloquial imperative)
アンカンせよ (imperative literary)
アンカンしろ (colloquial imperative)
ankan seyo (imperative literary)
ankan shiro (colloquial imperative)
暗槓される (passive)
アンカンされる (passive)
ankan sareru (passive)
暗槓させる (causative)
暗槓さす (causative)
アンカンさせる (causative)
アンカンさす (causative)
ankan saseru (causative)
ankan sasu (causative)
暗槓できる (potential)
アンカンできる (potential)
ankan dekiru (potential)
暗槓しよう (volitional)
アンカンしよう (volitional)
ankan shiyō (volitional)
暗槓しない (negative)
アンカンしない (negative)
ankan shinai (negative)
暗槓せず (continuative negative)
アンカンせず (continuative negative)
ankan sezu (continuative negative)
暗槓します (formal)
アンカンします (formal)
ankan shimasu (formal)
暗槓した (perfective)
アンカンした (perfective)
ankan shita (perfective)
暗槓して (conjunctive)
アンカンして (conjunctive)
ankan shite (conjunctive)
暗槓すれば (conditional hypothetical)
アンカンすれば (conditional hypothetical)
ankan sureba (conditional hypothetical)

zh-l

暗槓／暗杠 (àngàng)


聴牌

(mahjong) being one tile away from completing a hand


聴牌

ja-verb-suru

聴(テン)牌(パイ)する • (tenpai suru) suru (stem 聴(テン)牌(パイ)し (tenpai shi), past 聴(テン)牌(パイ)した (tenpai shita))

聴牌する (canonical)
tenpai suru (romanization)
聴牌し (stem)
聴牌した (past)
聴牌し
テンパイし
tenpai shi
聴牌する
テンパイする
tenpai suru
聴牌すれ
テンパイすれ
tenpai sure
聴牌せよ (imperative literary)
聴牌しろ (colloquial imperative)
テンパイせよ (imperative literary)
テンパイしろ (colloquial imperative)
tenpai seyo (imperative literary)
tenpai shiro (colloquial imperative)
聴牌される (passive)
テンパイされる (passive)
tenpai sareru (passive)
聴牌させる (causative)
聴牌さす (causative)
テンパイさせる (causative)
テンパイさす (causative)
tenpai saseru (causative)
tenpai sasu (causative)
聴牌できる (potential)
テンパイできる (potential)
tenpai dekiru (potential)
聴牌しよう (volitional)
テンパイしよう (volitional)
tenpai shiyō (volitional)
聴牌しない (negative)
テンパイしない (negative)
tenpai shinai (negative)
聴牌せず (continuative negative)
テンパイせず (continuative negative)
tenpai sezu (continuative negative)
聴牌します (formal)
テンパイします (formal)
tenpai shimasu (formal)
聴牌した (perfective)
テンパイした (perfective)
tenpai shita (perfective)
聴牌して (conjunctive)
テンパイして (conjunctive)
tenpai shite (conjunctive)
聴牌すれば (conditional hypothetical)
テンパイすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tenpai sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(mahjong) to be one tile away from completing a hand


明槓

明(ミン)槓(カン)する • (minkan suru) suru (stem 明(ミン)槓(カン)し (minkan shi), past 明(ミン)槓(カン)した (minkan shita))

明槓する (canonical)
minkan suru (romanization)
明槓し (stem)
明槓した (past)
明槓し
ミンカンし
minkan shi
明槓する
ミンカンする
minkan suru
明槓すれ
ミンカンすれ
minkan sure
明槓せよ (imperative literary)
明槓しろ (colloquial imperative)
ミンカンせよ (imperative literary)
ミンカンしろ (colloquial imperative)
minkan seyo (imperative literary)
minkan shiro (colloquial imperative)
明槓される (passive)
ミンカンされる (passive)
minkan sareru (passive)
明槓させる (causative)
明槓さす (causative)
ミンカンさせる (causative)
ミンカンさす (causative)
minkan saseru (causative)
minkan sasu (causative)
明槓できる (potential)
ミンカンできる (potential)
minkan dekiru (potential)
明槓しよう (volitional)
ミンカンしよう (volitional)
minkan shiyō (volitional)
明槓しない (negative)
ミンカンしない (negative)
minkan shinai (negative)
明槓せず (continuative negative)
ミンカンせず (continuative negative)
minkan sezu (continuative negative)
明槓します (formal)
ミンカンします (formal)
minkan shimasu (formal)
明槓した (perfective)
ミンカンした (perfective)
minkan shita (perfective)
明槓して (conjunctive)
ミンカンして (conjunctive)
minkan shite (conjunctive)
明槓すれば (conditional hypothetical)
ミンカンすれば (conditional hypothetical)
minkan sureba (conditional hypothetical)


多牌

(mahjong) long hand (illegal hand containing too many tiles)


少牌

(mahjong) short hand (illegal hand containing too few tiles)


連荘

[ɾẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕã̠ɴ]

(mahjong) the retainment of the east or 親 (oya, “dealer”) position after a win


緑發

ja-noun

緑(リュー)發(ファー) or 緑發(リューファ) • (ryūfā or ryūfa)

緑發 (canonical)
緑發 (canonical)
ryūfā (romanization)
ryūfa (romanization)

From Mandarin 綠發 (lǜfā, literally “green-striking”).


和了

和了(ホーラ) • (hōra)


和了る

ja-verb

和了(あが)る • (agaru) godan (stem 和了(あが)り (agari), past 和了(あが)った (agatta))

和了る (canonical)
agaru (romanization)
和了り (stem)
和了った (past)
和了ら
あがら
agara
和了り
あがり
agari
和了る
あがる
agaru
和了れ
あがれ
agare
和了られる (passive)
あがられる (passive)
agarareru (passive)
和了らせる (causative)
和了らす (causative)
あがらせる (causative)
あがらす (causative)
agaraseru (causative)
agarasu (causative)
和了れる (potential)
あがれる (potential)
agareru (potential)
和了ろう (volitional)
あがろう (volitional)
agarō (volitional)
和了らない (negative)
あがらない (negative)
agaranai (negative)
和了らず (continuative negative)
あがらず (continuative negative)
agarazu (continuative negative)
和了ります (formal)
あがります (formal)
agarimasu (formal)
和了った (perfective)
あがった (perfective)
agatta (perfective)
和了って (conjunctive)
あがって (conjunctive)
agatte (conjunctive)
和了れば (conditional hypothetical)
あがれば (conditional hypothetical)
agareba (conditional hypothetical)


嶺上開花

ja-noun

嶺(リン)上(シャン)開(カイ)花(ホー) or 嶺上開花(リンシャンカイホウ) • (rinshan kaihō)

嶺上開花 (canonical)
嶺上開花 (canonical)
rinshan kaihō (romanization)

[ɾʲĩɰ̃ɕa̠ŋ ka̠iho̞ː]

Literally “flower blooming on the ridge”. Compare Chinese 槓上開花 /杠上开花 (gàngshàng kāihuā).

(mahjong) drawing the winning tile off the dead wall after declaring a 槓 (kan, “kong”), worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


花牌

花(ファ)牌(パイ) or 花(はな)牌(はい) • (fapai or hanahai)

花牌 (canonical)
花牌 (canonical)
fapai (romanization)
hanahai (romanization)

(mahjong) flower tile (included in mahjong sets, but not used in Japanese mahjong gameplay)


赤牌

(mahjong) red tile; unique to Japanese mahjong and used to score bonus points


海底撈月

海底撈月 (canonical)
haitei raoyue (romanization)

(mahjong) completing a winning hand by drawing the final tile before reaching the dead wall, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


海底摸月

海底摸月 (canonical)
haiteimōyue (romanization)

(mahjong) completing a winning hand by drawing the final tile before reaching the dead wall


河底撈魚

河底撈魚(ホーテイラオユイ) or 河(ホウ)底(テイ)撈(ラオ)魚(ユイ) • (hōtei raoyui)

河底撈魚 (canonical)
河底撈魚 (canonical)
hōtei raoyui (romanization)

zh-l

河底撈魚 (hédǐ lāo yú)

(mahjong) winning off the final discard before reaching the dead wall, worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)


槍槓

[t͡ɕã̠ŋkã̠ɴ]

(mahjong) to rob the kong; to rob the fourth tile that a player with a melded pong draws and declares a kong with, in order to complete one's hand and win


九蓮宝燈

ja-noun

九(チュー)蓮(レン)宝(ポー)燈(トン) or 九(チュウ)蓮(レン)宝(ポウ)燈(トウ) • (chūrenpōton or chūrenpōtō)

九蓮宝燈 (canonical)
九蓮宝燈 (canonical)
chūrenpōton (romanization)
chūrenpōtō (romanization)

[t͡ɕɨːɾẽ̞mpo̞ːtõ̞ɴ]

[t͡ɕɨːɾẽ̞mpo̞ːto̞ː]

From Mandarin 九蓮寶燈 /九莲宝灯 (jiǔliánbǎodēng).

and get

(mahjong) Nine Gates; a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand with tiles in the form of 1112345678999 and any one tile of the same suit without melding

and get any one of the circle tiles.

(mahjong) Pure Nine Gates; a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand collecting tiles in the exact form of 1112345678999 of the same suit without melding, and completing with any one tile of that suit


対々和

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) in which every meld consists of at least an open 刻子 (kōtsu, “pung”), worth 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


ダブル立直

ダブル立直 (canonical)
daburu rīchi (romanization)

From ダブル (daburu, “double”) + 立直 (rīchi, “ready hand (or a call for such)”).

com

(mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning condition”) for declaring a ready hand on the first go-around of play, worth 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)


成銀

From 成り (nari, the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 成る (naru), “to promote (at an opponent’s square)”) + 銀 (gin, abbreviated from 銀将 (ginshō), “silver general”).

abbreviated from <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">銀将</i> (ginshō), “silver general”

(shogi) a promoted silver general piece, with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)


成り金

[na̠ɾʲikʲĩɴ]


禁じ手

[kʲĩɲ̟d͡ʑite̞]

From 禁じる (kinjiru, “to forbid”) + 手 (te, “hand”).

(shogi, sumo, go) A foul or forbidden move


詰将棋

ja-noun

詰(つめ)将(しょう)棋(ぎ) • (tsumeshōgi) ^(←つめしやうぎ (tumesyaugi)?)

詰将棋 (canonical)
tsumeshōgi (romanization)
tumesyaugi (romanization)
つめしやうぎ (hiragana historical)

[t͡sɨme̞ɕo̞ːɡʲi]

(shogi) shogi mating problems: hypothetical positions in which one player must find a checkmate using only checking moves


安全牌

安全牌(あんぜんパイ) • (anzenpai) ^(←あんぜんパイ (anzenpai)?)

安全牌 (canonical)
anzenpai (romanization)
あんぜんパイ (hiragana historical)

(mahjong) a tile that one can safely discard, as it cannot become an opponent's advantage


一点読み

一点読み (canonical)
itten-yomi (romanization)

(mahjong) determining what tile would complete an opponent's hand


ステイルメイト

[sɨte̞ːɾɯ̟me̞ːto̞]


千日手

千(せん)日(にち)手(て) • (sennichite) ^(←せんにちて (sennitite)?)

千日手 (canonical)
sennichite (romanization)
sennitite (romanization)
せんにちて (hiragana historical)

[sẽ̞ɲ̟ːit͡ɕite̞]

From 千日(せんにち) (sennichi, “1000 days”) + 手(て) (te, “move”).


チェックメイト

ja-verb-suru

チェックメイトする • (chekkumeito suru) suru (stem チェックメイトし (chekkumeito shi), past チェックメイトした (chekkumeito shita))

チェックメイトする (canonical)
chekkumeito suru (romanization)
チェックメイトし (stem)
チェックメイトした (past)
チェックメイトし
chekkumeito shi
チェックメイトする
chekkumeito suru
チェックメイトすれ
chekkumeito sure
チェックメイトせよ (imperative literary)
チェックメイトしろ (colloquial imperative)
chekkumeito seyo (imperative literary)
chekkumeito shiro (colloquial imperative)
チェックメイトされる (passive)
chekkumeito sareru (passive)
チェックメイトさせる (causative)
チェックメイトさす (causative)
chekkumeito saseru (causative)
chekkumeito sasu (causative)
チェックメイトできる (potential)
chekkumeito dekiru (potential)
チェックメイトしよう (volitional)
chekkumeito shiyō (volitional)
チェックメイトしない (negative)
chekkumeito shinai (negative)
チェックメイトせず (continuative negative)
chekkumeito sezu (continuative negative)
チェックメイトします (formal)
chekkumeito shimasu (formal)
チェックメイトした (perfective)
chekkumeito shita (perfective)
チェックメイトして (conjunctive)
chekkumeito shite (conjunctive)
チェックメイトすれば (conditional hypothetical)
chekkumeito sureba (conditional hypothetical)


大七星

ja-noun

大(ダイ)七(チー)星(シン) or 大(だい)七(しち)星(せい) or 大(だい)七(ち)星(せい) • (daichīshin or daishichisei or daichisei)

大七星 (canonical)
大七星 (canonical)
大七星 (canonical)
daichīshin (romanization)
daishichisei (romanization)
daichisei (romanization)

(mahjong) a local double 役(やく)満(まん) (yakuman, “limit”) found in some rulesets, formed by seven pairs of all honor tiles; a combination of 字(ツー)一(イー)色(ソー) (tsūīsō, “all honors”) and 七(チー)対(トイ)子(ツ) (chītoitsu, “seven pairs”).


チャンタ

Clipping of 全帯么 (chantaiyao), itself short for 混全帯么九 (honchantaiyaochū). Ultimately from Mandarin, like most mahjong terminology.

(mahjong) “common ends”; a 役 (yaku, “hand”) where all four groups in it, plus its pair, have at least one 么九牌 (yaochū-hai, “terminal or honor tile”); also translated in English as outside hand or half outside hand.


嵌張

デジタル大辞泉 w:ja:大辞泉#電子版

(mahjong) a wait pattern where the middle tile is needed to fulfill a chow


清老頭

[t͡ɕĩn̺ɾo̞ːto̞ː]

Borrowed from Mandarin Chinese 清老頭 /清老头 (qīnglǎotóu). Surface analysis 清 (chin-, “pure”) + 老頭 (rōtō), clipping of 老頭牌 (rōtōhai, rōtōpai, “terminal tiles”).

An example of 清老頭:

(mahjong) a 役満 (yakuman, “limit”) hand with melds of all three terminal tiles


宣言牌

宣言牌 (canonical)
sengenpai (romanization)

(mahjong) tile used to declare 立直(リーチ) (rīchi), is turned sideways in the discard pile


待ち

(mahjong) wait; the set of tiles that would advance or complete a hand


跳満

(mahjong) a win by counting six to seven 飜 (han), or 1.5 times of a 満貫 (mangan); 18,000 points if the winning player is on the East (dealer) side or 12,000 points otherwise


倍満

(mahjong) a win by counting eight to ten 飜 (han), or two times of a 満貫 (mangan); 24,000 points if the winning player is on the East (dealer) side or 16,000 points otherwise


三倍満

三倍満 (canonical)
sanbaiman (romanization)

(mahjong) a win by counting eleven to twelve 飜 (han), or three times of a 満貫 (mangan); 36,000 points if the winning player is on the East (dealer) side or 24,000 points otherwise


ドラ

Clipping of ドラゴン (doragon), from English dragon.

(mahjong) dora; tiles that provide bonus score multiplier points 飜(はん) (han, “doubles”) in a winning hand, indicated by one or multiple face-up tiles in the 王(ワン)牌(パイ) (wanpai, “dead wall”)


裏ドラ

裏(うら) (ura, “rear”) + ドラ (dora, “value tile”)

ja-compound

(mahjong) additional ドラ (dora, “value tile”) potentially awarded to a hand won by 立(リー)直(チ) (rīchi), determined by revealing the tile beneath the dora indicator tile in the 王(ワン)牌(パイ) (wanpai, “dead wall”)


白ポッチ

白ポッチ (canonical)
shiropotchi (romanization)

(mahjong) a local rule variant of the 白(はく) (haku, “white dragon”) with a dot or a similar ornament in the middle, one replaces a regular white dragon and is used as a wild card in some rulesets