アルビン

A transliteration of the English male given name Alvin


大洗

大洗町: Ōarai (a town in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


偕行社

Kaikosha, an organization for retired officers of the Japan Ground Self-Defence Force and Japan Air Self-Defence Force, as well as of the former Imperial Japanese Army


薩摩川内

薩摩川内 (canonical)
Satsumasendai (romanization)

Satsumasendai (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


英仏

英 (“England; Britain”) + 仏 (“France”) or blend of 英国 (Eikoku, “England; Britain”) + 仏蘭西 (Furansu, “France”)


阿片戦争

阿片戦争 (canonical)
Ahen Sensō (romanization)

[a̠he̞ɰ̃ sẽ̞ɰ̃so̞ː]

Opium War
(specifically) the First Opium War


広韻

ja-pos

広(こう)韻(いん) • (Kōin) ^(←くわうゐん (Kwauwin)?)

広韻 (canonical)
Kōin (romanization)
Kwauwin (romanization)
くわうゐん (hiragana historical)

Guangyun (a Song rhyming dictionary, a revised and expanded edition of Qieyun)


兼重

兼(かね)重(しげ)宏(ひろ)行(ゆき) ja:w:兼重宏行

ビッグモーター ja:w:ビッグモーター

兼(かね)重(しげ)宏(ひろ)行(ゆき) (Kaneshige Hiroyuki) (born 1951), founder and former CEO of ビッグモーター (Biggu Mōtā, “BIG MOTOR Co., Ltd.”)

兼(かね)重(しげ)宏(こう)一(いち) (Kaneshige Kōichi) (born 1988), former Vice-President of ビッグモーター


青ヶ島

青ヶ島 (canonical)
Aogashima (romanization)

an island of the Izu Islands, Tokyo, Japan


王家の谷

王(おう)家(け)の谷(たに) • (Ōke no Tani) ^(←わうけのたに (Wauke no Tani)?)

王家の谷 (canonical)
Ōke no Tani (romanization)
Wauke no Tani (romanization)
わうけのたに (hiragana historical)

Valley of the Kings
Valley of the Kings#English

Valley of the Kings (a valley in Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, known for the tombs constructed there for the pharaohs)


上戸

上戸 (canonical)
Ueto (romanization)
Ufeto (romanization)
うへと (hiragana historical)


カムリ語

カムリ語 (canonical)
Kamurigo (romanization)

Borrowed from Welsh Cymru (“Wales”) + 語(ご) (go, “language”).


欧州議会

欧(おう)州(しゅう)議(ぎ)会(かい) • (Ōshū Gikai) ^(←おうしうぎくわい (Ousiugikwai)?)

欧州議会 (canonical)
Ōshū Gikai (romanization)
Ousiugikwai (romanization)
おうしうぎくわい (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːɕɨː ɡʲika̠i]


亜州

Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean)


ザール川

ザール川 (canonical)
Zārugawa (romanization)


モーゼル川

モーゼル川 (canonical)
Mōzerugawa (romanization)

Moselle (a left tributary of Rhine, flowing through the departments of Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle and Moselle in northeastern France, through Luxembourg, and through the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Germany)


ライン川

ライン川 (canonical)
Raingawa (romanization)


アフリカの角

アフリカの角 (canonical)
Afurika no Tsuno (romanization)

Horn of Africa (a region of East Africa)


アフロ・アジア語族

アフロ・アジア語族 (canonical)
Afuro Ajia Gozoku (romanization)

[a̠ɸɯ̟ɾo̞a̠ʑia̠ɡo̞zo̞kɯ̟]

ja:アフロ・アジア語族


マダガスカル語

マダガスカル語 (canonical)
Madagasukarugo (romanization)

[ma̠da̠ɡa̠sɨka̠ɾɯ̟ɡo̞]


太玄経

太玄経 (canonical)
Taigenkyō (romanization)

[ta̠iɡẽ̞ŋʲkʲo̞ː]


増税メガネ

増税メガネ (canonical)
Zōzei Megane (romanization)

From 増税(ぞうぜい) (zōzei, “tax increase”) + 眼鏡(めがね) (megane, “eye glasses”), in reference to Kishida’s proposals to increase government spending and the fact that he wears glasses.

ja-compound

2023 October 7, Kono Masayuki, “Minna no hiroba: ‘Zōzei Megane’ kokumin no ikari tozen [Public square: Naturally citizens are angry at ‘Zōzei Megane’]”, in Mainichi Shimbun, page 8:

Citizens have given Prime Minister Fumio Kishida the disparaging nickname “Zōzei Megane” (four-eyed tax-raiser). Recently, Kishida is said to have taken notice and “frowned” about it.

国民が岸田文雄首相につけた不名誉なあだ名「増税メガネ」。最近、気にし始め、岸田首相は「しかめ面」をしたという。

Kokumin ga Kishida Fumio Shushō ni tsuketa fumeiyo na adana “Zōzei Megane”. Saikin, ki ni shihajime, Kishida Shushō wa “shikame tsura” o shita to iu.

2023 October 19, Yamazaki Gen, “Kishida Shushō wa naze ‘Zōzei Megane’ to yobareru no ka [Why is Prime Minister Kishda called ‘Zōzei Megane’]”, in Yahoo News, Diamond Online, archived from the original on 2023-11-02:

Prime Minister Fumio Kishida is increasingly referred to with the nickname “Zōzei Megane” in news reports and social media. Since Kishida himself has not yet attempted to raise taxes, why is zōzei “tax hike” part of the nickname?

岸田文雄首相が「増税メガネ」というあだ名で呼ばれているのを記事やSNSで見かける機会が増えてきた。岸田首相本人がまだ増税したわけではないのに、なぜ「増税」をあだ名にされるのか。

Kishida Fumio Shushō ga “Zōzei Megane” to iu adana de yobarete-iru no o kiji ya SNS de mikakeru kikai ga fuete-kita. Kishida shushō honnin ga mada zōzei shita wake de wa nai no ni, naze “zōzei” o adana ni sareru no ka.

2023 October 25, Obayashi Nao, “Nenshū no kabe, doronawa taiō no seiken ni kugi [Tax problem, late response another nail in the administration]”, in Nikkei Sokuhō:

The Prime Minister’s advisory board, the Government Tax Commission, in June suggested taxing corporate employee’s commuting allowances as one way to raise funds, leading social media influencers to ridicule the Prime Minister as “Zōzei Megane”. It is believed that the Prime Minister himself is now trying to cut taxes in order to shed this nickname.

首相の諮問機関である政府税制調査会が6月の中期答申で、会社員の通勤費を課税対象候補の一つとして例示したのをきっかけに、ソーシャルメディアのインフルエンサーが首相を「増税眼鏡」などと揶揄した。この汚名をすすごうと、首相自身が減税実現を強くめざしているとの見方がある。

Shushō no shimon kikan dearu Seifu Zeisei Chōsakai ga rokugatsu no chūki tōshin de, kaishain no tsūkin hi o kazei taishō kōho no hitotsu to shite reiji shita no o kikkake ni, sōsharu media no infuruensā ga Shushō o “Zōzei Megane” nado to yayu shita. Kono omei o susugō to, Shushō jishin ga genzei jitsugen o tsuyoku mezashite-iru to no mikata ga aru.

2024 May 27, Tomoki Kaneko, “Seiji fushin o koeru [Distrust of government growing]”, in Nihon Keizai Shimbun, page 16:

Typical of this media are the many posts calling Prime Minister Kishida “Zōzei Megane”. Likewise, humorous short videos satirizing the government as well as clips collecting influencers’ criticisms of the government rack up large view counts.

これらのメディアでは、「増税メガネ」に象徴されるような岸田首相への批判投稿が多く流通している。また、面白おかしく政治を皮肉るショート動画や、インフルエンサーによる政治批評を切り抜いた動画も閲覧数を稼いでいる。

岸田首相 きしだしゅしょう

批判投稿 ひはんとうこう

政治批評 せいじひひょう

Korera no media de wa, “Zōzei Megane” ni shōchō sareru yō na Kishida Shushō e no hihan tōkō ga ōku ryūtsū shiteiru. Mata, omoshiro okashiku seiji o hinikuru shōto dōga ya, infuruensā ni yoru seiji hihyō o kiri nuita dōga mo etsuran sū o kaseideiru.

2024 August 15, “Kishida Shushō: Shushō taijin hyōmei ‘Kukumin futanzō, kibishikatta’ [Prime Minister Kishida announces resignation: ‘Burden on the people severe’]”, in Mainichi Shimbun, page 19:

But, he pointed out that his cabinet operated amid severe national debt, which earned him the nickname “Zōzei Megane”.

一方、国民負担を背景に「増税メガネ」というあだ名が付いたことで厳しい政権運営を迫られたと指摘。

国民負担 こくみんふたん

政権運営 せいけんうんえい

Ippō, kokumin futan o haikei ni “Zōzei Megane” to iu adana ga tsuita koto de kibishī seiken un'ei o semarareta to shiteki.

2024 October 22, “(2024-nen saishin) Kishida seiken ga keitaku suru 14 no suterusu zōzei ichiran! [(2024 update) Summary of 14 stealth tax increases planned by Kishida administration!]”, in Tokyo Restyle, archived from the original on 2025-01-16:

Prime Minister Kishida, who came to be called “Zōzei Megane” for the ever-rising rate of national debt, in light of the “stealth tax hikes” described here should also be called “Stealth Zōzei Megane”.

上がり続ける国民負担率になぞらえ「増税メガネ」と呼ばれ始めた岸田首相が、この記事で紹介したような「ステルス増税」をことごとく進めていることから、新たに「ステルス増税メガネ」とも呼ばれるようになってしまいました。

国民負担率 こくみんふたんりつ

岸田首相 きしだしゅしょう

Agari tsuzukeru kokumin futan ritsu ni nazorae “Zōzei Megane” to yobare hajimeta Kishida shushō ga, kono kiji de shōkai shita yō na “suterusu zōzei” o kotogotoku susumeteiru koto kara, arata ni “Suterusu Zōzei Megane” to mo yobareru yō ni natteshimaimashita.

(informal, humorous, derogatory) Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister of Japan from October 2021 to October 2024


バハイ教

バハイ教 (canonical)
Bahaikyō (romanization)


トケラウ

Tokelau (Three atolls forming a dependent territory of New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean)


ハマース

Hamas (a militant Palestinianist and Sunni Muslim movement that presses for an independent, Palestinian Islamic state and the Palestinian right of return)


ウィチタ

1958 October, “Lionism on the march”, in The Lion Magazine, page 7:

新会員の教化及び入会式に関する二つの論文コンテスト（日本地区会報ライオン 3月号14頁参照）の審査結果は下記の通りである。 […] 三等$25カンサス州ウィチタ，ノースカロライナ州シャーロット，スェーデン，ゴーテンバーグの外

Shin kaīn no kyōka oyobi nyūkai shiki ni kan suru futatsu no ronbun kontesuto (Nihon chiku kaihō Raion sangatsu-gō 14 peiji sanshō) no shinsa kekka wa kaki no dōri dearu. […] Santō $25 Kansasu shū Wichita, Nōsu Karoraina shū Shārotto, Sēden, Gōtenbāgu no soto

Results of the essay contests for new teachers and new members (see The Lion, March, p. 14) are as follows. […] Third prize, $25: Wichita, Kansas; Charlotte, North Carolina; greater Gothenburg, Sweden

2020, Aoki Yoshitomo, Senryaku bakugekiki bī gojūni maniakkusu : hyakunen un'yō o kanō ni suru gijutsu [B52 strategic bomber maniacs: engineered for 100 years of operation], page 235:

The B-52F was likewise assembled both in Seattle and Wichita

Ｂ‐５２Ｆもまたシアトルとウィチタの双方で作られていた

Ｂ‐５２Ｆ mo mata Shiatoru to Wichita no sōhō de tsukurareteita

Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten


ボブ

A transliteration of the English male given name diminutive Bob


日本放送協会

ja-pos

にっぽん ほうそう きょうかい

日(にっ)本(ぽん)放(ほう)送(そう)協(きょう)会(かい) • (Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai)

日本放送協会 (canonical)
Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (romanization)

にっぽんほーそーきょーかい

Literally the “Japan Broadcasting Association”.

the Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)


防長

防(ぼう)長(ちょう) • (Bōchō)

[bo̞ːt͡ɕo̞ː]

(historical) Suō (周防) and Nagato (長門), corresponding to modern day Yamaguchi prefecture


石村

Compound of 石 (ishi, “rock, stone”) + 村 (mura, “village”).


キッシンジャー

[kʲiɕːĩɲ̟d͡ʑa̠ː]

A transliteration of the English surname Kissinger


猴猴

(historical) Kaukau (a village in Taiwan)


ウィキピディア

2002 September 1, “メインページ [Main Page]”, in Japanese Wikipedia:

Wikipedia is an encyclopedia made by visitors.

ウィキピディアは訪れる人が作っている百科事典。

Wikipidia wa otozureru hito ga tsukutte iru hyakkajiten.

ウィキペディア ウィキペディア#Japanese


スマブラ

大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ w:jp:大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズシリーズ

(video games) short for 大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ (“the Super Smash Bros. crossover franchise”)


拾遺和歌集

ja-pos

拾(しゅう)遺(い)和(わ)歌(か)集(しゅう) • (Shūi Wakashū) ^(←しふゐわかしふ (Sifuwi Wakasifu)?)

拾遺和歌集 (canonical)
Shūi Wakashū (romanization)
Sifuwi Wakasifu (romanization)
しふゐわかしふ (hiragana historical)

From 拾遺 (shūi, “gleaning”) + 和歌 (waka, “classical Japanese poem”) + 集 (shū, “collection”).

com

勅撰和歌集 勅撰和歌集#Japanese

the third of the 勅撰和歌集 (chokusen wakashū, “imperial waka anthologies”), compiled in c. 1005-07 CE


眠子

ja-pos

眠(ね)子(こ) or 眠(ねむ)子(こ) • (Neko or Nemuko)

眠子 (canonical)
眠子 (canonical)
Neko (romanization)
Nemuko (romanization)


平成の大合併

^へいせい ^の ^だいがっぺい

平(へい)成(せい)の大(だい)合(がっ)併(ぺい) • (Heisei No Daigappei)

平成の大合併 (canonical)
Heisei No Daigappei (romanization)

Compound of 平成 (Heisei) + 大 (dai, “great”) + 合併 (gappei, “merger”).

com

A large-scale merger of municipalities in Japan between 1999 and 2010, during Heisei era.


昭和の大合併

ja-pos

^しょうわ ^の ^だいがっぺい

昭(しょう)和(わ)の大(だい)合(がっ)併(ぺい) • (Shōwa No Daigappei)

昭和の大合併 (canonical)
Shōwa No Daigappei (romanization)

[ɕo̞ːβ̞a̠no̞da̠iɡa̠p̚pe̞ː]

Compound of しょうわ (Shōwa) + 大 (dai, “great”) + 合併 (gappei, “merger”).

com

A large-scale merger of municipalities in Japan between 1953 and 1956, during Shōwa era.


明治の大合併

ja-pos

^めいじ ^の ^だいがっぺい

明(めい)治(じ)の大(だい)合(がっ)併(ぺい) • (Meiji No Daigappei)

明治の大合併 (canonical)
Meiji No Daigappei (romanization)

Compound of 明治 (Meiji) + 大 (dai, “great”) + 合併 (gappei, “merger”).

com

A large-scale merger of villages and towns to make municipalities in Japan between 1888 and 1889, during Meiji era.


内藤新宿

内藤新宿 (canonical)
Naitōshinjuku (romanization)

[na̠ito̞ːɕĩɲ̟d͡ʑɨkɯ̟]

From a relay station of the same name in Edo period.

A former town in Toyotama District, Tokyo. It was merged into Tokyo City in 1920 and is a part of Shinjuku ward now.


加計呂麻島

加計呂麻島 (canonical)
Kakeromajima (romanization)

2018 [1967], Shiro Hattori, “やま、もり、たけ [Mountain, Forest, Summit [in Japonic languages]]”, in 日本祖語の再建 [Reconstruction of Proto-Japanese], Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN, page 477:

On April 1958, when I've conducted fieldwork on the Kakeromajima Shodon dialect [spoken by] Tadashi Kanehisa, these were the following results: […]

加計呂麻島諸鈍の方言を金久正氏について調べた (1958 [昭和 33]年 4月ところ、次のようだった。 […]

加計呂麻島 かえろまじま

Kaeromajima Shodon no hōgen o Kanehisa Tadashi ni tsuite shirabeta (senkyūhyakugojūhachi [shōwa sanjūsan]nen shigatsu tokoro, tsugi no yō datta. […]


ドクターイエロー

ja-pos

ドクターイエロー • (Dokutā Ierō)

→ English: Doctor Yellow

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from doctor + yellow.

pseudo-loan

(rail transport, humorous) Doctor Yellow (the high-speed track testing train used on the Tokaido Shinkansen and San'yō Shinkansen)


ネタニヤフ

[ɰ̃e̞ta̠ɲ̟ija̠ɸɯ̟]

נתניהו נתניהו#Hebrew

A transliteration of the Hebrew surname נתניהו, Netanyahu


セパ

セントラル・リーグ セントラル・リーグ#Japanese

パシフィック・リーグ パシフィック・リーグ#Japanese

(baseball) acronym of セントラル・リーグ and パシフィック・リーグ (“Central League and Pacific League”)


ChatGPT

ChatGPT (canonical)
Chattojīpītī (romanization)


アルザス・ロレーヌ

[a̠ɾɯ̟za̠sɨ ɾo̞ɾe̞ːnɯ̟]

Alsace-Lorraine (a historical state in Germany (1871-1918), modern part of Grand Est region in France)

ja:アルザス・ロレーヌ


ロレーヌ

[ɾo̞ɾe̞ːnɯ̟]

administrative region
administrative region

Lorraine (a cultural region, former administrative region, and former duchy in eastern France; since 2016 part of the region of Grand Est region)


浜名

(浜名郡) A former district in Shizuoka Prefecture.


東かがわ

東かがわ (canonical)
Higashikagawa (romanization)

[çiɡa̠ɕika̠ɡa̠β̞a̠]

Higashikagawa (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


常総

ja-pos

常(じょう)総(そう) • (Jōsō)

[d͡ʑo̞ːso̞ː]

Jōsō (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


つくばみらい

Tsukubamirai (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


南アルプス

南アルプス (canonical)
Minami Arupusu (romanization)

[mʲina̠mʲi a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 南(みなみ) (minami, “south”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”), literally “Southern Alps.”

ja-compound

Minami-Alps (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)

赤石山脈 w:ja:赤石山脈

synonym of 赤石山脈 (Akaishi Sanmyaku, “Akaishi Mountains”)


北アルプス

北アルプス (canonical)
Kita Arupusu (romanization)

[kʲita̠ a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 北(きた) (kita, “north”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”), literally “Northern Alps.”

飛驒山脈 w:ja:飛驒山脈

synonym of 飛驒山脈 (Hida Sanmyaku, “Hida Mountains”)


中央アルプス

中央アルプス (canonical)
Chūō Arupusu (romanization)

[t͡ɕɨːo̞ː a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 中(ちゅう)央(おう) (chūō, “center, middle”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”), literally “Central Alps.”

木曽山脈 w:ja:木曽山脈

synonym of 木曽山脈 (Kiso Sanmyaku, “Kiso Mountains”)


日本アルプス

ja-pos

日(に)本(ほん)アルプス or 日(にっ)本(ぽん)アルプス • (Nihon Arupusu or Nippon Arupusu)

日本アルプス (canonical)
日本アルプス (canonical)
Nihon Arupusu (romanization)
Nippon Arupusu (romanization)

[ɲ̟iho̞ɰ̃ a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

[ɲ̟ip̚po̞ɰ̃ a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 日(に)本(ほん) (Nihon, “Japan”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”). Coined by British archaeologist William Gowland.

coinage

北アルプス 北アルプス#Japanese

中央アルプス 中央アルプス#Japanese

南アルプス 南アルプス#Japanese

Japanese Alps: a general name for 北アルプス (Kita Arupusu, “Northern Alps / Hida Mountains”), 中央アルプス (Chūō Arupusu, “Central Alps / Kiso Mountains”) and 南アルプス (Minami Arupusu, “Southern Alps / Akaishi Mountains”)


旧大陸

旧大陸 (canonical)
Kyūtairiku (romanization)

[kʲɨːta̠iɾʲikɯ̟]


マニラ首都圏

マニラ首都圏 (canonical)
Manira Shutoken (romanization)

[ma̠ɲ̟iɾa̠ ɕɨto̞kẽ̞ɴ]

Metro Manila (a metropolitan area and region of the Philippines)


クルディスタン

[kɯ̟ɾɯ̟dʲisɨ̥tã̠ɴ]

Kurdistan (a cultural region in Western Asia inhabited mostly by the Kurds, encompassing parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria)

(by extension) Kurdistan (an autonomous region in northern and northeastern Iraq, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)

(by extension) Kurdistan (a province in northwestern Iran, lying within the aforementioned Kurdish-majority region)


おもろそうし

ja-pos

おもろそうし • (Omoro Sōshi) ^(←おもろさうし (Omoro Sausi)?)

Omoro Sōshi (romanization)
Omoro Sausi (romanization)
おもろさうし (hiragana historical)

The term omoro is a 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive”) conjugation of an Old Okinawan omor- cognate with modern Okinawan 思ゆん (umuyun, “to think”), while sōshi most likely reflects 草紙 (sōshi, “written work”).

a collection of old songs from the Amami and Okinawa islands


山手線

山手線 (canonical)
Yamanote-sen (romanization)

Yamanote Line, circular railway line in Tokyo, Japan


日本橋

日本橋 (canonical)
Nihonbashi (romanization)

日(に)本(ほん) (Nihon, “Japan”) + 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

Nihonbashi, a business district of Chūō, Tokyo prefecture, Japan, surrounding a famous bridge of the same name

Nihonbashi (Chūō bridge), a bridge over the Nihonbashi River in Chūō, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

Nihonbashi (Ward)
Nihonbashi (Ward)#English

Nihonbashi (Ward) (one of 35 former special wards in Tokyo City, Tokyo prefecture, Japan from about 1889 to 1947)

Nihonbashi (Hanamachi), a hanamachi that once existed from Yaesu to Nihonbashi in Chūō, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

Nihonbashi (Nakagawa bridge), a bridge over the Nakagawa River in Kazo, Saitama Prefecture, Japan

a bridge over the Yoshida River canal that once existed in Ōdōri Park in Naka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

Japanese Bridge (Lai Viễn Kiều), a footbridge with a temple atop built by Japanese merchants in 1593 in Hội An, Quảng Nam Province, Vietnam


日本橋

日本橋 (canonical)
Nipponbashi (romanization)

日(にっ)本(ぽん) (Nippon, “Japan”) + 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Nipponbashi, a shopping district in Naniwa-ku, Osaka, Japan

Nipponbashi (Osaka bridge), a bridge over the Dōtonbori canal in Naniwa-ku, Osaka, Japan

Nipponbashi (Nakagawa bridge), a bridge over the Nakagawa River in Kazo, Saitama Prefecture, Japan


日本橋

日本橋 (canonical)
Himotobashi (romanization)

日(ひ) (hi) + 本(もと) (moto) + 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Himotobashi (Fukushima), a bridge over the Gohyaku River on the Asakano Bypass of the Japan National Route 4 highway in Koriyama & Hongu, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan


アンダルシア

autonomous community
autonomous community

Andalusia (a historical region and autonomous community in southern Spain, the most populated and second largest of the seventeen autonomous communities that constitute Spain)


二・二六事件

ja-pos

二(に)・二(に)六(ろく)事(じ)件(けん) • (Niniroku Jiken)

二・二六事件 (canonical)
Niniroku Jiken (romanization)

So named as the coup d'état begun on 26 February 1936.

the February 26 incident; a coup d'état attempt by the Imperial Way Faction against the Control Faction and the civilian government.


バサリョテ

A transliteration of the Bikol Central surname Basallote


説文解字

説文解字 (canonical)
Setsumonkaiji (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 說文解字 /说文解字 (Shuōwén Jiězì)

obor

(literature) Shuowen Jiezi (an early 2nd-century Chinese dictionary from the Han dynasty)


北鮮

[ho̞kɯ̟sẽ̞ɴ]

(historical, Japanese colonial era) Kankyōnan-dō and Kankyōhoku-dō

(derogatory, post-WWII) synonym of 北朝鮮 (Kita Chōsen, “North Korea”)


南鮮

(historical, Japanese colonial era) Keishōnan-dō, Keishōhoku-dō, Zenranan-dō and Zenrahoku-dō

(rare, post-WWII, now offensive) synonym of 韓国 (Kankoku, “South Korea”)


西鮮

(historical, Japanese colonial era) Heian'nan-dō, Heianhoku-dō and Kōkai-dō


中鮮

(historical, Japanese colonial era) Keiki-dō, Kōgen-dō, Chūseinan-dō and Chūseihoku-dō


大粛清

大粛清 (canonical)
Daishukusei (romanization)

(Soviet Union, historical) the Great Purge


防共協定

ja-pos

^ぼうきょう ^きょうてい

防(ぼう)共(きょう)協(きょう)定(てい) • (Bōkyō Kyōtei)

防共協定 (canonical)
Bōkyō Kyōtei (romanization)


御名御璽

御名御璽 (canonical)
Gyomei Gyoji (romanization)

[ɡʲo̞me̞ː ɡʲo̞ʑi]

Compound of 御(ぎょ)名(めい) (gyomei, “name of the Emperor; the Imperial Signature”) + 御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyoji, “the Imperial Seal”).


枢府

1934, Minotarō Kawasaki, 政局の動向打診 : 宇垣大将と統帥権 [Political Trends: General Ugaki and the Supreme Command], Tōkyō: Rakutensha, page 9:

In 1905, Prince Yamagata was again appointed the President of the Privy Council, […]

山縣公は明治三十八年再び樞府議長に任ぜられ、[…]

Yamagata-kō wa Meiji sanjūhachi-nen futatabi Sūfu gichō ni ninzerare, […]

(historical) synonym of 枢密院 (Sūmitsuin, “Privy Council to the Emperor of Japan”)


杉原

杉原千畝


不列顚

1902 January 30, 日英同盟 [Anglo-Japanese Alliance]:

Article 2: If either Great Britain or Japan, in the defence of their respective interests as above described, should become involved in war with another Power, the other High Contracting Party will maintain a strict neutrality, and use its efforts to prevent other Powers from joining in hostilities against its ally.

第二條 若シ日本國又ハ大不列顚國ノ一方カ上記各自ノ利益ヲ防護スル上ニ於テ列國ト戰端ヲ開クニ至リタル時ハ他ノ一方ノ締約國ハ嚴正中立ヲ守リ併セテ其同盟國ニ對シテ他國カ交戰ニ加ハルヲ妨クルコトニ努ムヘシ

Dai-ni-jō Moshi Nihonkoku mata wa Dai-Buritenkoku no ippō ga jōki kakuji no rieki o bōgo suru ue ni oite rekkoku to sentan o hiraku ni itaritaru toki wa ta no ippō no teiyakukoku wa gensei chūritsu o mamori awasete sono dōmeikoku ni taishite takoku ga kōsen ni kuwawaru o samataguru koto ni tsutomubeshi

obsolete spelling of ブリテン (Buriten, “Great Britain”)


長老教會

ja-pos

^ちやうらう ^けうくわい

長(ちょう)老(ろう)教(きょう)會(かい) • (Chōrō Kyōkai) ^(←ちやうらうけうくわい (Tyaurau Keukwai)?)

長老教會 (canonical)
Chōrō Kyōkai (romanization)
Tyaurau Keukwai (romanization)
ちやうらうけうくわい (hiragana historical)

Kyūjitai form of 長老教会 (“Presbyterian church”)


神亀

神(じん)亀(き) or 神(しん)亀(き) • (Jinki or Shinki)

神亀 (canonical)
神亀 (canonical)
Jinki (romanization)
Shinki (romanization)


朱鳥

朱(しゅ)鳥(ちょう) or 朱(す)鳥(ちょう) • (Shuchō or Suchō)

朱鳥 (canonical)
朱鳥 (canonical)
Shuchō (romanization)
Suchō (romanization)

synonym of 朱雀 (Shujaku, “the Vermillion Bird of the South; guardian creature of the south”)

朱雀

(Chinese astronomy) synonym of 朱雀 (Shujaku, “general term for the seven mansions of the south in Chinese astronomy”)


朱鳥

alternative form of 朱鳥 (Shuchō, “Shuchō era, 686”)


和銅

和同開珎

和同開珎 わどうかいちん


天平感宝

天平感宝 (canonical)
Tenpyō-Kanpō (romanization)

天平勝宝

天平勝宝 てんぴょうしょうほう


天平勝宝

天(てん)平(ぴょう)勝(しょう)宝(ほう) • (Tenpyōshōhō)

天平勝宝 (canonical)
Tenpyōshōhō (romanization)

天平感宝

天平感宝 てんぴょうかんぽう

天平宝字

天平宝字 てんぴょうほうじ


天平宝字

天平宝字 (canonical)
Tenpyōhōji (romanization)

天平勝宝

天平勝宝 てんぴょうしょうほう

天平神護

天平神護 てんぴょうじんご


天平神護

天平神護 (canonical)
Tenpyōjingo (romanization)

天平宝字

天平宝字 てんぴょうほうじ

神護景雲

神護景雲 じんごけいうん


神護景雲

神護景雲 (canonical)
Jingokeiun (romanization)

天平神護

天平神護 てんぴょうじんご


宝亀

神護景雲

神護景雲 じんごけいうん


貞観

[d͡ʑo̞ːɡã̠ɴ]


元慶

[ɡã̠ŋʲɡʲo̞ː]


長保

長(ちょう)保(ほう) • (Chōhō)


長承

長(ちょう)承(しょう) • (Chōshō)


応保

応(おう)保(ほう) • (Ōhō)


承安

承(じょう)安(あん) • (Jōan)


寿永

治承

era preceding Juei (Minamimoto reckoning)


承久

承(じょう)久(きゅう) • (Jōkyū)


貞永

貞(じょう)永(えい) • (Jōei)


弘長

弘(こう)長(ちょう) • (Kōchō)


正応

正(しょう)応(おう) • (Shōō)


応長

応(おう)長(ちょう) • (Ōchō)


元徳

the Gentoku era, 1329-1331 (Southern Court reckoning)

元弘

era following Gentoku (Southern Court reckoning)

正慶

era following Gentoku (Nothern Court reckoning)


元弘

the Genkō era, 1331–1334 by the Southern Court reckoning

正慶

era contemporary to Genkō (Northern Court reckoning)


建武

延元

era following Kenmu (Southern Court reckoning)

暦応

era following Kenmu (Northern Court reckoning)

the Kenmu era, 1334-1336 by the Southern Court reckoning

the Kenmu era, 1334-1338 by the Northern Court reckoning


延元

the Engen era, 1336-1340 by Southern Court reckoning

建武

era preceding Engen (Southern Court reckoning)

暦応

eras contemporary to Engen (Northern Court reckoning)


興国

the Kōkoku era, 1340-1346 by the Southern Court reckoning

貞和

eras contemporary to Kōkoku (Northern Court reckoning)


暦応

the Ryakuō era, 1338-1342 by the Northern Court reckoning

興国

eras contemporary to Ryakuō (Southern Court reckoning)


観応

観(かん)応(のう) or 観(かん)応(おう) • (Kannō or Kan'ō)

観応 (canonical)
観応 (canonical)
Kannō (romanization)
Kan'ō (romanization)

the Kannō era, 1350-1352 by the Northern Court reckoning

正平

era contemporary to Kannō (Southern Court reckoning)


正平

the Shōhei era, 1346-1370 by the Southern Court reckoning

応安

eras contemporary to Shōhei (Northern Court reckoning)


文和

文(ぶん)和(な) or 文(ぶん)和(わ) • (Bunna or Bunwa) ^(←ぶんわ (Bun'wa)?)

文和 (canonical)
文和 (canonical)
Bunna (romanization)
Bunwa (romanization)
Bun'wa (romanization)
ぶんわ (hiragana historical)

The wa changes to na as an instance of renjō (連声).

ja-renjo

the Bunna era, 1352-1356 by Northern Court reckoning

正平

era contemporary to Bunna (Southern Court reckoning)


延文

the Enbun era, 1356-1361 by Northern Court reckoning

正平

era contemporary to Enbun (Southern Court reckoning)


康安

the Kōan era, 1361–1362 by the Northern Court reckoning

正平

era contemporary to Kōan (Southern Court reckoning)


応安

ja-pos

応(おう)安(あん) • (Ōan)

the Ōan era, 1368-1375 by the Northern Court reckoning

文中

eras contemporary to Ōan (Southern Court reckoning)


建徳

the Kentoku era, 1370-1372 by the Southern Court reckoning

応安

era contemporary to Kentoku (Northern Court reckoning)


天授

the Tenju era, 1375-1381 by the Southern Court reckoning

康暦

eras contemporary to Tenju (Northern Court reckoning)


康暦

the Kōryaku era, 1379-1381 by the Northern Court reckoning

弘和

eras contemporary to Kōryaku (Southern Court reckoning)


永徳

the Eitoku era, 1381-1384 by the Northern Court reckoning)

弘和

era contemporary to Eitoku (Southern Court reckoning)


元中

the Genchū era, 1384-1392 by Southern Court reckoning

明徳

eras contemporary to Genchū (Northern Court reckoning)


至徳

the Shitoku era, 1384-1387 by the Northern Court reckoning

元中

eras contemporary to Shitoku (Southern Court reckoning)


康応

康(こう)応(おう) • (Kōō)

the Kōō era, 1389-1390 by the Northern Court reckoning

元中

era contemporary to Kōō (Southern Court reckoning)


明徳

the Meitoku era, 1390-1394 by the Northern Court reckoning

元中

era contemporary to Meitoku (Southern Court reckoning)


応永

応(おう)永(えい) • (Ōei)


康正

康(こう)正(しょう) • (Kōshō)


長享

長(ちょう)享(きょう) • (Chōkyō)


天正

天承大判

天承大判 てんしょうおおばん


元和

元和 (canonical)
Genna (romanization)
Gen'wa (romanization)
げんわ (hiragana historical)


正保

正(しょう)保(ほう) • (Shōhō)


享保

享(きょう)保(ほう) • (Kyōhō)


オホーツク

Daijirin
Okhotsk High
ja:オホーツク
ja:オホーツク総合振興局

→ Russian: Охо́цуку (Oxócuku)

[o̞ho̞ːt͡sɨ̥kɯ̟]

Borrowed from Russian Охо́тск (Oxótsk), derived from Even окат (okat, “river”).

Okhotsk (an urban locality in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia)

Okhotsk (a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


カアバ

カアバ • (Kāba)


ラマダーン

[ɾa̠ma̠dã̠ːɴ]


ズー・アル゠カアダ

^ズー・アル゠^カ.アダ

[d͡zɨː a̠ɾɯ̟ka̠a̠da̠]

From Arabic ذُو الْقَعْدَة (ḏū l-qaʕda).

bor

ذُو الْقَعْدَة

Arabic ذُو الْقَعْدَة (ḏū l-qaʕda)

ja:ズー・アル゠カアダ


シャアバーン

ja-pos

シャアバーン • (Shābān)

bor

Arabic شَعْبَان (šaʕbān)


シャウワール

[ɕa̠ɯ̟β̞a̠ːɾɯ̟]


ムハッラム

[mɯ̟ha̠ɾ̚ɾa̠mɯ̟]


ラビーア・アル゠アウワル

ja-pos

^ラビーア・アル゠^アウワル

[ɾa̠bʲiːa̠ a̠ɾɯ̟a̠ɯ̟β̞a̠ɾɯ̟]

From Arabic رَبِيع الْأَوَّل (rabīʕ al-ʔawwal).

bor

رَبِيع الْأَوَّل


ラビーア・アッ゠サーニー

ja-pos

^ラビーア・アッ゠^サーニー

ラビーア・アッ゠サーニー • (Rabīa as-Sānī)

[ɾa̠bʲiːa̠ a̠sːa̠ːɲ̟iː]

From Arabic رَبِيع ٱلثَّانِي (rabīʕ ṯ-ṯānī).

bor

رَبِيع ٱلثَّانِي

Arabic رَبِيع ٱلثَّانِي (rabīʕ ṯ-ṯānī)


ジュマーダー・アル゠ウーラー

ja-pos

^ジュマーダー・アル゠^ウーラー

ジュマーダー・アル゠ウーラー • (Jumādā aru-Ūrā)

[d͡ʑɨma̠ːda̠ː a̠ɾɯ̟ɯ̟ːɾa̠ː]

From Arabic جُمَادَى الْأُولَى (jumādā l-ʔūlā).

bor

جُمَادَى الْأُولَى


ジュマーダー・アッ゠サーニー

ja-pos

^ジュマーダー・アッ゠^サーニー

ジュマーダー・アッ゠サーニー • (Jumādā as-Sānī)

[d͡ʑɨma̠ːda̠ː a̠sːa̠ːɲ̟iː]

From Arabic جُمَادَى الثَّانِي (jumādā ṯ-ṯānī).

bor

جُمَادَى الثَّانِي


ジュマーダー・アル゠アーヒラ

ja-pos

^ジュマーダー・アル゠^アーヒラ

ジュマーダー・アル゠アーヒラ • (Jumādā aru-Āhira)

[d͡ʑɨma̠ːda̠ː a̠ɾɯ̟a̠ːçiɾa̠]

From Arabic جُمَادَى الْآخِرَة (jumādā l-ʔāḵira).

bor

جُمَادَى الْآخِرَة


ラビーア・アル゠アーヒル

ja-pos

^ラビーア・アル゠^アーヒル

ラビーア・アル゠アーヒル • (Rabīa aru-Āhiru)

[ɾa̠bʲiːa̠ a̠ɾɯ̟a̠ːçiɾɯ̟]

From Arabic رَبِيع الْآخِر (rabīʕ al-ʔāḵir).

bor

رَبِيع الْآخِر

Arabic رَبِيع الْآخِر (rabīʕ al-ʔāḵir)


ズー・アル゠ヒッジャ

ja-pos

^ズー・アル゠^ヒッジャ

ズー・アル゠ヒッジャ • (Zū aru-Hijja)

[d͡zɨː a̠ɾɯ̟çid̚d͡ʑa̠]

bor

ذُو الْحِجَّة

Arabic ذُو الْحِجَّة (ḏū l-ḥijja)

ja:ズー・アル゠ヒッジャ


剗海

a lake that existed at the foot of mount Fuji, destroyed by Fuji erupting in the year 864.


蓬壺

(mythology) alternative name for Mount Hōrai, home to immortals beyond the sea


バターン

ja-pos

バターン • (Batān)

From Spanish Bataan, from Tagalog Bataan.

Bataan (a province of the Philippines; capital and largest city: Balanga)


糸島

Itoshima (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


新居浜

Niihama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


八幡浜

八幡浜 (canonical)
Yawatahama (romanization)

Yawatahama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


ラン

Laon (a city in Aisne department, Hauts-de-France, France)


マルヌ

マルヌ県

Marne (a department of Grand Est, France)

マルヌ川

Marne (a right tributary of the Seine, in the Grand Est, Hauts-de-France and Île-de-France regions, France)


アラビア半島

アラビア半島 (canonical)
Arabia Hantō (romanization)

From アラビア (Arabia, “Arabia”) + 半島 (hantō, “peninsula”).

af

Arabian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula#English

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Arabian Peninsula (a large peninsula in the Middle East, in the countries of Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen)


オマーン湾

オマーン湾 (canonical)
Omān-wan (romanization)

[o̞ma̠ːɰ̃ β̞ã̠ɴ]

From オマーン (Omān, “Oman”) + 湾 (wan, “bay, gulf”).

Gulf of Oman (the gulf that connects the Arabian Sea and the Strait of Hormuz)


サラーラ

[sa̠ɾa̠ːɾa̠]

Salalah (the capital and largest city of Dhofar Governorate, Oman)


フメリニツキー

[ɸɯ̟me̞ɾʲiɲ̟it͡sɨkʲiː]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Хмельни́цький (Xmelʹnýcʹkyj).

bor+

Хмельни́цький

フメリニツキー州

フメリニツキー地区 ― Fumerinitsukī-chiku ― Khmelnytskyi Raion

Khmelnytskyi (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


チェルカースィ

[t͡ɕe̞ɾɯ̟ka̠ːsʲi]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Черка́си (Čerkásy).

チェルカースィ州

チェルカースィ地区 ― Cherukāsi-chiku ― Cherkasy Raion

Cherkasy (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


チェルニーヒウ

[t͡ɕe̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟iːçiɯ̟]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Черні́гів (Černíhiv).

チェルニーヒウ州

チェルニーヒウ地区 ― Cherunīhiu-chiku ― Chernihiv Raion

Chernihiv (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


チェルニウツィー

[t͡ɕe̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟iɯ̟t͡sʲiː]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Чернівці́ (Černivcí).

チェルニウツィー州

チェルニウツィー地区 ― Cheruniutsī-chiku ― Chernivtsi Raion

Chernivtsi (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


ナクバ

Borrowed from Arabic نَكْبَة (nakba, “catastrophe, disaster”).


標津

Shibetsu (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


イングリア

[ĩŋɡɯ̟ɾʲia̠]

Ingria (a region to the south of Karelia in what is now Russia)


八重霞

八重霞 (canonical)
Yaegasumi (romanization)

Literally eight layered mist, 八重(やえ) (yae, “many layered, eight layered”) + 霞(がすみ) (gasumi, “mist, haze”)

ja-compound

the name of a 地歌 (jiuta, “shamisen piece”)


大越史記全書

ja-pos

だいえつ しき ぜんしょ

大(だい)越(えつ)史(し)記(き)全(ぜん)書(しょ) • (Daietsu Shiki Zensho)

大越史記全書 (canonical)
Daietsu Shiki Zensho (romanization)


大越史記

大越史記 (canonical)
Daietsu Shiki (romanization)


ジャガタラ

[d͡ʑa̠ɡa̠ta̠ɾa̠]

From Portuguese Jacatra or Dutch Djakarta. Ultimately a corruption of Indonesian Jakarta, from Sanskrit जयकर्ता (jayakartā, “that which causes victory”). Doublet of ジャカルタ.

der

ジャガタラ文

(historical) Former name of Jakarta, used during the Dutch East Indies period; Jacatra; Batavia.


王舍城

ja-pos

王(おう)舍(しゃ)城(じょう) • (Ōshajō)

[o̞ːɕa̠ʑo̞ː]

Rajgir (a historical town in Nalanda district, Bihar, India)


ウルガタ

[ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɡa̠ta̠]

(Christianity) Vulgate (Latin edition of the Bible)


ワ州

2015, Minetoshi Yasuda, Koji Takahashi, “The study of The basic law of the Wa state A way to make a comparative study of Chinese law─(1) General rules”, in 多摩大学研究紀要「経営情報研究」, volume 19, page 72:

なお紙幅の都合で本稿ではワ州基本法のうち全体構造と「総則」部分のみを対象とする。

Nao shifuku no tsugō de honkō de wa Wa-shū Kihonhō no uchi zentai kōzō to “sōsoku” bubun nomi o taishō to suru.

Due to space constraints, this article will only cover the overall structure and "general provisions" section of the Wa State Organic Law.

autonomous region
autonomous region#English

Wa State (unrecognized state/autonomous region in Myanmar)


愛理

鈴木愛理


愛梨

谷川愛梨


愛莉

松井愛莉


愛李

古川愛李


ヴェネーツィア

ヴェネーツィア • (Venētsia)


ヴェネチア

Venechia (romanization)
Venetia (romanization)
ヹネチア (historical katakana)


セバストポリ

セヴァストポリ セヴァストポリ#Japanese

alternative form of セヴァストポリ (Sevasutopori)


セヴァストーポリ

セヴァストポリ セヴァストポリ#Japanese


セバストーポリ

セヴァストポリ セヴァストポリ#Japanese


セヷストーポリ

セヴァストポリ セヴァストポリ#Japanese


ベネチヤ

Benechiya (romanization)
Venetya (romanization)
ヹネチヤ (historical katakana)


ヴェネチヤ

Venechiya (romanization)
Venetya (romanization)
ヹネチヤ (historical katakana)


ビルヘルム

ビルヘルム • (Biruherumu) ^(←ヸルヘルム (Viruferumu)?)

Biruherumu (romanization)
Viruferumu (romanization)
ヸルヘルム (historical katakana)

[bʲiɾɯ̟he̞ɾɯ̟mɯ̟]

ヴィルヘルム ヴィルヘルム#Japanese


マクスウェルの悪魔

マクスウェル の あくま

マクスウェルの悪(あく)魔(ま) • (Makusuweru No Akuma)

マクスウェルの悪魔 (canonical)
Makusuweru No Akuma (romanization)

[ma̠kɯ̟sɨβ̞e̞ɾɯ̟ no̞ a̠kɯ̟ma̠]

Partial calque of English Maxwell's demon.


シュトゥットガルト

[ɕɨtɯ̟t̚to̞ɡa̠ɾɯ̟to̞]

Stuttgart (the largest city and state capital of Baden-Württemberg, Germany)


ニューカッスル

[ɲ̟ɨːka̠sːɨɾɯ̟]

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Newcastle (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)

Newcastle (a large city in New South Wales, Australia, situated at the mouth of the Hunter River)

Newcastle (a large city in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)

Newcastle (a large market town in Staffordshire, England)


ニューカッスル・アポン・タイン

ja-pos

^ニューカッスル・アポン・^タイン

ニューカッスル・アポン・タイン • (Nyūkassuru apon Tain)

[ɲ̟ɨːka̠sːɨɾɯ̟ a̠po̞n ta̠ĩɴ]

Borrowed from English Newcastle upon Tyne.

bor+

Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne#English:_Q1425428

Newcastle upon Tyne (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)


グウィネズ

[ɡɯ̟β̞ine̞zɨ]

Borrowed from English Gwynedd, from Welsh Gwynedd.

Gwynedd (a historical kingdom of Wales, in the north of the country)

Gwynedd (a county of Wales, in the north-west of the country)


阿波踊り

[a̠β̞a̠ o̞do̞ɾʲi]

From 阿波(あわ) (Awa), the name of the former province in which the festival takes place.

the Awa Dance Festival, an annual dance festival held in Tokushima from 12–15 August


淡路島

ja-pos

淡(あわ)路(じ)島(しま) • (Awajishima) ^(←あはぢしま (Afadisima)?)

淡路島 (canonical)
Awajishima (romanization)
Afadisima (romanization)
あはぢしま (hiragana historical)

Awaji Island, an island in the Seto Inland Sea off the coast of Hyōgo prefecture


カシャグ

Borrowed from Tibetan བཀའ་ཤག (bka' shag).

bor+

(historical) Kashag (the governing council of Tibet from 1721 to 1959)

Kashag (the governing council of the Tibetan government in exile)


ポンペイ

Ultimately from Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌌𐌐𐌄 (pumpe, “five”). Doublet of シンク (shinku), ファイブ (faibu), and ポンず (ponzu).


ハガッニャ

[ha̠ɡa̠ʔɲ̟a̠]

Borrowed from English Hagåtña, from Chamorro Hagåtña.

Hagåtña (the capital of Guam, a United States island territory)


ヴィーンヌィツャ

[bʲĩːnᵝːit͡sʲa̠]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Ві́нниця (Vínnycja).


ルブヌィ

Lubny (a city in Poltava Oblast, Ukraine)


東側諸国

ja-pos

東(ひがし)側(がわ)諸(しょ)国(こく) • (Higashigawa Shokoku)

東側諸国 (canonical)
Higashigawa Shokoku (romanization)

[çiɡa̠ɕiɡa̠β̞a̠ ɕo̞ko̞kɯ̟]

Compound of 東側 (Higashi-gawa, “Eastern”) + 諸国 (shokoku, “countries”).


ピャチゴルスク

[pʲa̠t͡ɕiɡo̞ɾɯ̟sɨkɯ̟]

Borrowed from Russian Пятиго́рск (Pjatigórsk).

bor+

Pyatigorsk (spa city in south-Stavropol krai, administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia)


ミェイク

Myeik (a city in southern Myanmar, formerly known as Mergui)


リェイダ

Lleida (the capital city of the province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


フョードル

[ɸʲo̞ːdo̞ɾɯ̟]

Фёдор Фёдор#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Фёдор (Fjódor)


グェンドリン

[ɡᵝẽ̞ndo̞ɾʲĩɴ]

A transliteration of the English female given name Gwendoline or Gwendolyn


ウァレンティヌス

[β̞a̠ɾẽ̞ntʲinɯ̟sɨ]

A transliteration of the Latin male given name Valentinus


ヴャチェスラフ

[bʲa̠t͡ɕe̞sɨɾa̠ɸɯ̟]

Вячесла́в Вячеслав#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Вячесла́в (Vjačesláv)


キェルツェ

[kʲe̞ɾɯ̟t͡se̞]

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship#English

Kielce (a city, the capital of Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in central Poland)


ゲギェ県

ゲギェ県 (canonical)
Gegye-ken (romanization)

[ɡe̞ɡʲe̞kẽ̞ɴ]

Partial calque of Tibetan དགེ་རྒྱས་རྫོང (dge rgyas rdzong).

pcal

དགེ་རྒྱས་རྫོང

Gê'gyai (a county of Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


クィントゥス

A transliteration of the Latin male given name Quīntus


ヴィェンチャン

[bʲẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕã̠ɴ]

ヴィエンチャン ヴィエンチャン#Japanese


ビェンチャン

[bʲẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕã̠ɴ]

ヴィエンチャン ヴィエンチャン#Japanese


川頭

川頭 (canonical)
Kawagashira (romanization)

[ka̠β̞a̠ɡa̠ɕiɾa̠]

a neighborhood and former village in Katori, Chiba Prefecture, Japan


川頭

[ka̠β̞a̠ɡa̠ɕiɾa̠]


川頭

[ka̠β̞a̠ɡa̠ɕiɾa̠]


船藤

[ɸɯ̟na̠to̞ː]


船藤

[ɸɯ̟na̠to̞ː]


糸数

a neighborhood of Nanjō, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan


稲数

a former village in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan


嘉数

a neighborhood of Ginowan, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan

a neighborhood of Tomigusuku, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan


賀数

a neighborhood of Itoman, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan


武装親衛隊

ja-pos

武(ぶ)装(そう)親(しん)衛(えい)隊(たい) • (Busō Shin'eitai)

武装親衛隊 (canonical)
Busō Shin'eitai (romanization)

[bɯ̟so̞ː ɕĩɰ̃e̞ːta̠i]

Compound of 武装 (busō, “armed”) + 親衛隊 (shin'eitai, “Schutzstaffel”). Calque of German Waffen-SS.


ベレンコ

[be̞ɾẽ̞ŋko̞]

Borrowed from Russian Беленко (Belenko).

Беленко Беленко#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Беленко (Belenko, “Belenko”)

Беленко Беленко#Russian

(particularly) Viktor Belenko, Soviet pilot and defector who flew a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 to Japan.


数藤

ja-pos

数(すう)藤(とう) • (Sūtō)


数藤

数(すう)藤(どう) • (Sūdō)


ゲッベルス

[ɡe̞b̚b̥e̞ɾɯ̟sɨ]

A transliteration of the German surname Goebbels


条約派

条約 (jōyaku) refers to the Washington Naval Treaty where Japan's capital ships are to be limited below the United States and United Kingdom.

(historical) the Treaty Faction, which supported the Washington Naval Treaty. Faction supporters are gradually purged by the opposing Fleet Faction in the 1930s.


艦隊派

(historical) the Fleet Faction, which advocated a significant fleet expansion and denunciation of the Washington Naval Treaty. Faction supporters eventually gain power in the 1930s.


タッパー

タッパー • (Tappā)


タッパー

タッパー • (Tappā)


胆振

Iburi Province, an old province of Japan

Iburi Subprefecture, a subprefecture of Hokkaido


後志

後志 (canonical)
Shiribeshi (romanization)

Borrowed from Ainu シㇼペッ (sir pet), referring to the Shiribetsu River and its nearby mountains.

Shiribeshi Province, an old province of Japan

Shiribeshi Subprefecture, a subprefecture of Hokkaido


天塩

Teshio Province, an old province of Japan


そね

Likely cognate with そね (sone, “ridge; summit”).

Yamanashi Prefecture
w:Yamanashi Prefecture

曾禰: a placename in modern-day Yamanashi Prefecture


道蔵

道(どう)蔵(ぞう) • (Dōzō)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 道藏 (dàozàng, “Daozang”).


ヒズボラ

Borrowed from Arabic حِزْبُ اللّٰه (ḥizbu llāh).

bor+

حِزْبُ اللّٰه


フィリピン海

フィリピン海 (canonical)
Firipin-Kai (romanization)

From フィリピン (Firipin, “Phillipines”) + 海 (kai, “sea”).


南極圏

ja-pos

南(なん)極(きょく)圏(けん) • (Nankyokuken) ^(←なんきよくけん (Nankyokuken)?)

南極圏 (canonical)
Nankyokuken (romanization)
なんきよくけん (hiragana historical)

[nã̠ŋʲkʲo̞kɯ̟kẽ̞ɴ]


北極圏

北極圏(ほっきょくけん) • (Hokkyokuken) ^(←ほくきよくけん (Fokukyokuken)?)

北極圏 (canonical)
Hokkyokuken (romanization)
Fokukyokuken (romanization)
ほくきよくけん (hiragana historical)

[ho̞k̚ʲkʲo̞kɯ̟kẽ̞ɴ]

(geography) Arctic Circle (one of the five major circles of latitude)


大東亜

Compound of 大(だい) (dai-, “big, large, greater”) + 東(とう)亜(あ) (Tōa, “East Asia”).

ja-compound

Japan's name for the Far East and Southeast Asia during World War II


門前町

門前町 (canonical)
Monzenmachi (romanization)

A former town in Hōsu District, Ishikawa. It was merged into Wajima City in 2006 and is a district of the city now.


尖閣諸島

尖閣諸島 (canonical)
Senkaku Shotō (romanization)

[sẽ̞ŋka̠kɯ̟̊ ɕo̞to̞ː]


ヴァウェンサ

[ba̠β̞ẽ̞ɰ̃sa̠]

レフ・ヴァウェンサ

A transliteration of the Polish surname Wałęsa


水晶の夜

水晶の夜 (canonical)
Suishō No Yoru (romanization)


突撃隊

突撃隊 (canonical)
Totsugekitai (romanization)


蘭印

Dutch East Indies
Dutch East Indies#English:_Q188161

(historical) Dutch East Indies (a former Dutch colony in modern-day Indonesia, existing from 1800 to 1949)


シッキム

[ɕi̥k̚ʲkʲimɯ̟]

(historical) Sikkim (a former country in South Asia that existed from the 17th century until its annexation by India in 1975)


伏平

[ɸɯ̟ɕiçiɾa̠]


営団

(historical, specifically) short for 帝都高速度交通営団 (Teito Kōsokudo Kōtsū Eidan, “Teito Rapid Transit Authority”); the predecessor of Tokyo Metro


鬼子母神

ja-pos

鬼(き)子(し)母(も)神(じん) or 鬼(き)子(し)母(ぼ)神(じん) • (Kishimojin or Kishibojin)

鬼子母神 (canonical)
鬼子母神 (canonical)
Kishimojin (romanization)
Kishibojin (romanization)

[kʲi̥ɕimo̞ʑĩɴ]

[kʲi̥ɕibo̞ʑĩɴ]


摩利支天

摩利支天 (canonical)
Marishiten (romanization)

[ma̠ɾʲiɕi̥tẽ̞ɴ]


ネズミ目

ネズミ目 (canonical)
Nezumi-moku (romanization)

鼠 (nezumi, “mouse, rat”) + 目 (-moku, “order”)


パライソ

(Christianity, obsolete) Heaven; Paradise.


インヘルノ

[ĩɰ̃he̞ɾɯ̟no̞]

Borrowed from Portuguese inferno. First cited to a work from 1599.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:松村明


桃沢

ja-pos

桃(もも)沢(ざわ) or 桃(もも)沢(さわ) • (Momozawa or Momosawa)

桃沢 (canonical)
桃沢 (canonical)
Momozawa (romanization)
Momosawa (romanization)


ゴラン高原

ゴラン高原 (canonical)
Goran Kōgen (romanization)

[ɡo̞ɾa̠ŋ ko̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]


トーラー

トーラー • (Tōrā)

Borrowed from Hebrew תּוֹרָה (tōrā, literally “instruction, law or teaching”).

bor+

Torah (the Five Books of Moses; the full body of Jewish law)


須弥山

(Buddhism) Meru (a central mountain for a world-system in Buddhist cosmology)


タルムード

[ta̠ɾɯ̟mɯ̟ːdo̞]

Borrowed from Hebrew תַּלְמוּד (talmúd, literally “instruction, learning”).


ワールドワイドウェブ

ja-pos

ワールド ワイド ウェブ

[β̞a̠ːɾɯ̟do̞ β̞a̠ido̞ β̞e̞bɯ̟]


青木ヶ原

青木ヶ原 (canonical)
Aokigahara (romanization)


第一列島線

だいいち れっとう せん

第(だい)一(いち)列(れっ)島(とう)線(せん) • (Daīchi Rettō Sen)

第一列島線 (canonical)
Daīchi Rettō Sen (romanization)

[da̠iːt͡ɕi ɾe̞t̚to̞ː sẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 第(だい)一(いち) (daīchi, “first”) + 列(れっ)島(とう) (rettō, “islands”) + 線(せん) (sen, “line”).


第二列島線

ja-pos

第(だい)二(に)列(れっ)島(とう)線(せん) • (Daini Rettō Sen)

第二列島線 (canonical)
Daini Rettō Sen (romanization)

[da̠iɲ̟i ɾe̞t̚to̞ː sẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 第(だい)二(に) (daini, “second”) + 列(れっ)島(とう) (rettō, “islands”) + 線(せん) (sen, “line”).


フォートコリンズ

[ɸo̞ːto̞ ko̞ɾʲĩnd͡zɨ]

Fort Collins (a city, the county seat of Larimer County, Colorado)


インスタグラム

[ĩɰ̃sɨ̥ta̠ɡɯ̟ɾa̠mɯ̟]


大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ

ja-pos

だいらんとうスマッシュブラザーズ

大(だい)乱(らん)闘(とう)スマッシュブラザーズ • (Dairantōsumasshuburazāzu)

大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ (canonical)
Dairantōsumasshuburazāzu (romanization)

だいらんとースマッシュブラザーズ

[da̠iɾã̠nto̞ːsɨma̠ɕːɨbɯ̟ɾa̠za̠ːzɨ]

(video games) the Super Smash Bros. crossover franchise


マリオブラザーズ

[ma̠ɾʲio̞bɯ̟ɾa̠za̠ːzɨ]

スーパーマリオブラザーズ スーパーマリオブラザーズ#Japanese

(video games) short for スーパーマリオブラザーズ (“Super Mario Bros.”)


スーパーマリオブラザーズ

スーパーマリオブラザーズ

スーパーマリオブラザーズ • (Sūpāmarioburazāzu)

スーパーマリオブラザーズ

[sɨːpa̠ːma̠ɾʲio̞bɯ̟ɾa̠za̠ːzɨ]


スーパーマリオ

スーパーマリオ • (Sūpāmario)


カルピス

[ka̠ɾɯ̟pʲisɨ̥]

Blend of カルシウム (karushiumu, “calcium”) + Sanskrit सर्पिस् (sarpis, “ghee”). First cited to a work from 1925.

blend

(trademark) Calpis (brand of non-carbonated lactic acid drink)


旧唐書

[kɯ̟to̞ːʑo̞]

(history) Old Book of Tang (history of the Tang dynasty completed in A.D. 945)


マイクラ

マインクラフト マインクラフト#Japanese

clipping of マインクラフト (Mainkurafuto, “Minecraft”)


スマッシュブラザーズ

[sɨma̠ɕːɨbɯ̟ɾa̠za̠ːzɨ]

大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ 大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ#Japanese

(video games) short for 大乱闘スマッシュブラザーズ (“the Super Smash Bros. crossover franchise”)


ソニック・ザ・ヘッジホッグ

[so̞ɲ̟ik̚kɯ̟za̠he̞d̚d͡ʑiho̞ɡ̚ɡ̊ɯ̟]


ビートルズ

[bʲiːto̞ɾɯ̟zɨ]


皇霊祭

ja-pos

皇(こう)霊(れい)祭(さい) • (Kōreisai) ^(←くわうれいさい (Kwaureisai)?)

皇霊祭 (canonical)
Kōreisai (romanization)
Kwaureisai (romanization)
くわうれいさい (hiragana historical)

Kōreisai, annual festival held in Japan before 1948 on the spring and autumn equinoxes to worship the spirits of deceased emperors


フォートナイト

wp

フォートナイト (ゲーム)


フォトナ

フォートナイト フォートナイト#Japanese


百年国恥

百年国恥 (canonical)
Hyakunenkokuchi (romanization)

[ça̠kɯ̟nẽ̞ŋko̞kɯ̟t͡ɕi]

Century of Humiliation
century of humiliation

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

(historical) the Century of Humiliation (period of Chinese history between 1839 and 1949 during which Western powers and Japan intervened with China; 1839 refers to the First Opium War, and 1949 refers to the establishment of the People's Republic of China)


義和団

[ɡʲiβ̞a̠dã̠ɴ]

(historical) Boxer (a Chinese anti-imperial and xenophobic rebel of the early 1900s)


サムスン

[sa̠mɯ̟sɨ̃ɴ]


コペルニクス

[ko̞pe̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟ikɯ̟sɨ]


マキラ島

マキラ島 (canonical)
Makiratō (romanization)

Makira (an island of the Solomon Islands)


十三経

ja-pos

十(じゅう)三(さん)経(ぎょう) • (Jūsangyō)

[d͡ʑɨːsã̠ŋʲɡʲo̞ː]

(Confucianism) the Thirteen Classics (thirteen classics of Confucian tradition)


ヨーダ

ヨーダ • (Yōda)


東亜病夫

東亜病夫 (canonical)
Tōabyōfu (romanization)

[to̞ːa̠bʲo̞ːɸɯ̟]

sick man of East Asia
sick man of East Asia


コーチシナ

From 交(こう)趾(ち) (Kōchi, “Jiaozhi”) + 支(し)那(な) (Shina, “China”).


七十人訳聖書

ja-pos

しちじゅうにんやく せいしょ

ななじゅうにんやく せいしょ

七(しち)十(じゅう)人(にん)訳(やく)聖(せい)書(しょ) or 七(なな)十(じゅう)人(にん)訳(やく)聖(せい)書(しょ) • (Shichijūnin'yaku Seisho or Nanajūnin'yaku Seisho)

七十人訳聖書 (canonical)
七十人訳聖書 (canonical)
Shichijūnin'yaku Seisho (romanization)
Nanajūnin'yaku Seisho (romanization)

[ɕi̥t͡ɕiʑɨːɲ̟ĩɰ̃ja̠kɯ̟̊ se̞ːɕo̞]

[na̠na̠ʑɨːɲ̟ĩɰ̃ja̠kɯ̟̊ se̞ːɕo̞]

Septuagint (an ancient translation of the Hebrew Bible into Ancient Greek)


きょしちょう座

きょしちょう座(ざ) • (Kyoshichōza) ^(←きよしてうざ (Kyositeuza)?)

きょしちょう座 (canonical)
Kyoshichōza (romanization)
Kyositeuza (romanization)
きよしてうざ (hiragana historical)


中英語

[t͡ɕɨːe̞ːɡo̞]


スポンジ・ボブ

[sɨ̥põ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑibo̞bɯ̟]


長瀞

Nagatoro (a town in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


国際量子科学技術年

こくさい りょうし かがく ぎじゅつ ねん

国(こく)際(さい)量(りょう)子(し)科(か)学(がく)技(ぎ)術(じゅつ)年(ねん) • (Kokusai Ryōshi Kagaku Gijutsu Nen)

国際量子科学技術年 (canonical)
Kokusai Ryōshi Kagaku Gijutsu Nen (romanization)

[ko̞kɯ̟sa̠i ɾʲo̞ːɕi ka̠ɡa̠kɯ̟ ɡʲiʑɨt͡sɨ nẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 国際 (kokusai, “international”) + 量子 (ryōshi, “quantum”) + 科学 (kagaku, “science”) + 技術 (gijutsu, “technology”) + 年 (nen, “year”).

compound

こくさいりょうしかがくぎじゅつねん

2024 June 10, “国連が2025年を国際量子科学技術年と宣言”, in Q-Portal(理化学研究所):

国連総会は、ハイゼンベルク、ボルン、ヨルダンが行列力学を開発し、シュレーディンガーが波動力学を定式化してから 100年を記念して、2025年を国際量子科学技術年（IYQ）と宣言しました。

Kokuren Sōkai wa, Haizenberuku, Borun, Yorudan ga gyōretsu rikigaku o kaihatsu shi, Shurēdingā ga hadō rikigaku o teishikika shite kara hyakunen o kinen shite, nisennijūgo-nen o Kokusai Ryōshi Kagaku Gijutsu Nen (Ai-Wai-Kyū) to sengen shimashita.

United Nations General Assembly declares 2025 International Year of Quantum Science and Technology (IYQ) to mark 100 years after Heisenberg, Born, and Jordan developed matrix mechanics and Schrödinger formulated wave mechanics.

(quantum mechanics) the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology (IYQ)


世界量子の日

ja-pos

^せかい ^りょうし の ^ひ

世(せ)界(かい)量(りょう)子(し)の日(ひ) • (Sekai Ryōshi no Hi)

世界量子の日 (canonical)
Sekai Ryōshi no Hi (romanization)

Calque of English World Quantum Day,
Compound of 世界 (sekai, “world”) + 量子 (ryōshi, “quantum”) + の (no, “genitive case marker”) + 日 (hi, “day”).

compound

alternative form of 世界量子デー (Sekai Ryōshi Dē)

(quantum mechanics) World Quantum Day (WQD): April 14

国際量子科学技術年

International Year of Quantum Science and Technology (IYQ)


世界量子デー

ja-pos

世(せ)界(かい)量(りょう)子(し)デー • (Sekai Ryōshi Dē)

世界量子デー (canonical)
Sekai Ryōshi Dē (romanization)
世界量子の日 (alternative)

Compound of 世界 (sekai, “world”) + 量子 (ryōshi, “quantum”) + デー (dē, “day”).

compound

4月 14日は世界量子デーであり、世界中で量子科学技術に関する理解を深め、それをお祝いする日です。

Shigatsu jūyokka wa Sekai Ryōshi Dē de ari, sekai jū de ryōshi kagaku gijutsu ni kan suru rikai o fukame, sore o o-iwai suru hi desu.

April 14 marks World Quantum Day, a global day to celebrate and deepen our understanding of quantum science and technology.

世界量子デーは、2022年に、量子科学技術に対する世界の人々の認識と理解を深めるための国際的な取り組みが開始され、毎年 4月 14日に定められました。

Sekai Ryōshi Dē wa, nisennijūni-nen ni, ryōshi kagaku gijutsu ni tai suru sekai no hitobito no ninshiki to rikai o fukameru tame no kokusaiteki na torikumi ga kaishi sare, maitoshi shigatsu jūyokka ni sadameraremashita.

To advance the awareness and appreciation of quantum science and technology among the public worldwide, an international initiative was taken in 2022, commemorated annually as World Quantum Day on April 14.

世界量子デーが 4月 14日に定められたのは、プランク定数がおよそ 4.14（× 10 のマイナス 15乗電子ボルト・秒）で表されることがあるからです。

Sekai Ryōshi Dē ga shigatsu jūyokka ni sadamerareta no wa, Puranku teisū ga oyoso yon-ten-ichi-yon (kakeru jū no mainasu jūgo-jō denshi boruto･byō) de arawasareru koto ga aru kara desu.

April 14 was designated World Quantum Day because Planck's constant is sometimes expressed as approximately 4.14 × 10⁻¹⁵ electron volt-seconds.


プランク

[pɯ̟ɾã̠ŋkɯ̟]

プランク定数換算プランク定数

Planck constant, Planck's constant; reduced Planck constant

放射法則 ほうしゃほうそく

輻射法則 ふくしゃほうそく

w:Planck's law; w:Planck's law of radiation, w:Planck radiation law; w:Planck's law of radiation, w:Planck radiation law; w:Planck's law of radiation, w:Planck radiation law; w:Planck's law of radiation, w:Planck radiation law

プランクの法則プランクの放射法則プランクの放射則プランクの輻射法則プランクの輻射則

プランクの公式プランクの放射公式プランクの輻射公式

放射公式 ほうしゃこうしき

輻射公式 ふくしゃこうしき

w:Planck's formula; w:Planck's formula of radiation; w:Planck's formula of radiation

プランクの関係式プランク゠アインシュタインの関係式

w:Planck relation; w:Planck-Einstein relation

puranku no 関係式; puranku-ainshutain no 関係式

角振動数 かくしんどうすう

Planck units; Planck scale; Planck length; Planck length; Planck area; Planck volume; Planck time; Planck mass; Planck density; Planck temperature; Planck energy; Planck speed; Planck acceleration; Planck frequency; Planck angular frequency; Planck force; Planck epoch, Planck era; Planck particle, w:Planck particle, planckon; Planck relic; Planck star; Planckian; subplanckian, sub-planckian; subplanckian, sub-planckian

プランク単位系プランクスケールプランク長プランク長さプランク面積プランク体積プランク時間プランク質量プランク密度プランク温度プランクエネルギープランク速度プランク加速度プランク振動数プランク角振動数プランク力プランク時代プランク粒子プランクの遺物プランク星プランキアンサブプランキアンサブプランク

プランクの原理

Planck's principle, w:Planck's principle

前期量子論

前期量子論 ぜんきりょうしろん

量子重力

量子重力 りょうしじゅうりょく

A transliteration of the German surname Planck


プランク

[pɯ̟ɾã̠ŋkɯ̟]

A transliteration of the German surname Plank


バターン死の行進

ja-pos

^バターン し の こうしん

バターン死(し)の行(こう)進(しん) • (Batān shi no kōshin)

バターン死の行進 (canonical)
Batān shi no kōshin (romanization)

[ba̠ta̠ːɰ̃ ɕi no̞ ko̞ːɕĩɴ]

Compound of バターン (Batān, “Bataan”) + 死 (shi, “death”) + の (no, “of”) + 行進 (kōshin, “march”).

compound

バターン死の行進は、第二次世界大戦のアジア太平洋戦線の初期段階の 1942年 4月 9日から 17日にかけて、日本軍によって、7万6千人の捕虜（フィリピン人 6万6千人、アメリカ人 1万人）がフィリピンで約 66 マイル（106 キロメートル）の強制移送を強いられた事件です。

せんきゅうひゃくよんじゅうに

Batān shi no kōshin wa, Dainiji Sekai Taisen no Ajia taiheiyō sensen no shoki dankai no senkyūhyakuyonjūni-nen shigatsu kokonoka kara jūnananichi ni kakete, Nihon-gun ni yotte, nanamanrokusen-nin no horyo (Firipin-jin rokumanrokusen-nin, Amerika-jin ichiman-nin) ga Firipin de yaku rokujūroku mairu (hyakuroku kiromētoru) no kyōsei isō o shīrareta jiken desu.

The Bataan Death March was a forcible transfer in the Philippines of some 66 miles (106 km) that 76,000 prisoners of war (POW) (66,000 Filipinos, 10,000 Americans) forced by the Japanese military to endure from April 9 to 17, 1942, during the early stages of Asiatic-Pacific theater of World War II.

戦争犯罪

戦争犯罪 せんそうはんざい

アジア太平洋戦線太平洋戦争太平洋戦線

太平洋戦線 たいへいようせんせん

太平洋戦争 たいへいようせんそう

太平洋戦線 たいへいようせんせん

w:Asiatic-Pacific theater; Pacific War; w:Pacific Ocean theater of World War II

第二次世界大戦

第二次世界大戦 だいにじせかいたいせん


美桜

ja-pos

美(み)桜(おう) or 美桜(みお) or 美桜(みさ) or 美桜(みゆう) or 美桜(みらら) • (Miō or Mio or Misa or Miyū or Mirara)

美桜 (canonical)
美桜 (canonical)
美桜 (canonical)
美桜 (canonical)
美桜 (canonical)
Miō (romanization)
Mio (romanization)
Misa (romanization)
Miyū (romanization)
Mirara (romanization)


征韓論

征韓論 (canonical)
Seikanron (romanization)

[se̞ːkã̠n̺ɾõ̞ɴ]

From 征(せい) (sei, “subjugate”) + 韓(かん) (Kan, “Korea”) + 論(ろん) (ron, “discussion”).

ja-compound

Meiji government
w:Government of Meiji Japan

(Japanese politics, historical) Seikanron (an influential political debate held by the Meiji government in 1873 on whether to subjugate Korea by military force)


ネリー

ja-pos

ネリー • (Nerī)

A transliteration of the English female given name Nellie or Nelly

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Nery


ロサンヘレス

[ɾo̞sã̠ɰ̃he̞ɾe̞sɨ]

ロス・アンヘレス ロス・アンヘレス#Japanese

alternative form of ロス・アンヘレス (Rosu Anheresu, “Los Ángeles”)


マッキントッシュ

[ma̠k̚ʲkʲĩnto̞ɕːɨ]

A transliteration of the English surname Macintosh


カラチェフ

Transliteration of Russian Кара́чев (Karáčev)

transliteration

Central Federal District
Central Federal District#English

Karachev (a town in Karachevsky urban settlement, Karachevsky Raion, Bryansk Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia, first mentioned in 1146)

(fully カラチェフ公(こう)国(こく) (Karachefu Kōkoku)) Principality of Karachev (a historical polity in Eastern Europe, one of the Upper Oka Principalities, existing 1246–p. 1360)


姫子

ja-pos

姫(ひめ)子(こ) or 姫(き)子(こ) or 姫(ひめ)子(ね) • (Himeko or Kiko or Himene)

姫子 (canonical)
姫子 (canonical)
姫子 (canonical)
Himeko (romanization)
Kiko (romanization)
Himene (romanization)


アメリカ湾

アメリカ湾 (canonical)
Amerika-wan (romanization)

[a̠me̞ɾʲika̠β̞ã̠ɴ]

Gulf of America (a gulf of North America)


マンデラ

A transliteration of the Xhosa surname Mandela


ロックフォード

Rockford (a city in Illinois, United States)


サンダカン死の行進

^サンダカン し の こうしん

サンダカン死(し)の行(こう)進(しん) • (Sandakan shi no kōshin)

サンダカン死の行進 (canonical)
Sandakan shi no kōshin (romanization)

[sã̠nda̠ka̠ɰ̃ ɕi no̞ ko̞ːɕĩɴ]

Compound of サンダカン (Sandakan, “Sandakan”) + 死 (shi, “death”) + の (no, “of”) + 行進 (kōshin, “march”).

compound

The Sandakan Death March was a series of forcible transfers by the Japanese military from Sandakan to Ranau in Borneo between January and August 1945 during the final stages of Asiatic-Pacific theater of World War II, resulting in the deaths of 2,434 Allied POWs held by the Japanese at Sandakan POW camp in North Borneo (1,787 Australians and 641 British POWs held at the time of the fall of Singapore in February 1942). The prisoners of war (POWs) were mistreated, beaten, worked to death, thrown into bamboo cages, starved and subjected to the most horrific torture by the Japanese. In January 1945, to escape bombing by Allied aircraft, the Japanese decided to abandon Sandakan POW camp and move some 160 miles (260 km) inland to Ranau, taking the POWs as slave laborers. Of more than 1000 POWs sent on the death march, only six Australians survived. The incident is widely considered to be the worst atrocity suffered by Australian soldiers during World War II.

(World War II) the Sandakan Death Marches

ja:サンダカン死の行進

戦争犯罪

戦争犯罪 せんそうはんざい

アジア太平洋戦線太平洋戦争太平洋戦線

太平洋戦線 たいへいようせんせん

太平洋戦争 たいへいようせんそう

太平洋戦線 たいへいようせんせん

第二次世界大戦

第二次世界大戦 だいにじせかいたいせん


国際デー

国際デー (canonical)
Kokusai Dē (romanization)

Compound of 国(こく)際(さい) (kokusai, “international”) + デー (dē, “day”).

貧困撲滅のための国際デー

w:International Day for the Eradication of Poverty

国際デーは、世界中の出来事や人々を祝う記念日です。学校や仕事が休みになることはほとんどないため、厳密には休日ではありません。

Kokusai dē wa, sekaijū no dekigoto ya hitobito o iwa u kinenbi desu. Gakkō ya shigoto ga yasu mi ni naru koto wa hotondo nai tame, genmitsu niha kyūjitsu deha arimasen.

International days are observances to celebrate events and people from around the world. It's not technically a holiday, as school and work are almost never closed.

International Days: international annual commemorative days

世界量子の日

世界量子デー (sekai ryōshi dē, “World Quantum Day (WQD): April 14”)

国際デーは、国際連合または国連機関の決議によって制定された国際的な記念日です。これらは、地球規模の問題に対する意識を高め、過去の出来事を記憶・記念し、文化・自然・世界遺産を祝うことを目的としています。

Kokusai dē wa, kokusairengō mataha kokuren kikan no ketsugi ni yotte seitei sareta kokusaiteki na kinenbi desu. Korera wa, chikyū kibo no mondai ni tai suru ishiki o taka me, kako no dekigoto o kioku kinen shi, bunka shizen sekaīsan o iwa u koto o mokuteki to shite imasu.

International days are international observances established by resolutions of the United Nations or of UN agencies. They are meant to raise awareness for global problems, to remember and commemorate past events and to celebrate culture, nature and world heritage.

(especially) observance days instituted by resolutions of the United Nations or of UN agencies.


GHQ/SCAP

ja-pos

ジーエイチキュー スキャップ

GHQ/SCAP(ジーエイチキュースキャップ) • (Jīeichikyū Sukyappu)

GHQ/SCAP (canonical)
Jīeichikyū Sukyappu (romanization)

[d͡ʑiːe̞ːt͡ɕikʲɨː sɨkʲa̠p̚pɯ̟]

(History of Japan) Abbreviation of "General Headquarters of Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers".

琉球列島米国民政府

琉球列島米国軍政府 (ryūkyūrettō beikokugunseifu, “w:United States Military Government of the Ryukyu Islands, USMGR”)

w:United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands, USCAR

沖縄高等弁務官

琉球列島高等弁務官 (ryūkyūrettō kōtōbenmukan, “w:High Commissioner of Ryukyu Islands”)


ボイルの法則

ボイルの法則 (canonical)
Boiru No Hōsoku (romanization)


スーファミ

スーファミ • (Sūfami)

スーパーファミコン w:ja:スーパーファミコン

clipping of スーパーファミコン (Sūpā Famikon, “Super Famicom, video game system made by Nintendo”)


蘆名

Ashina clan (Japan)
Miura Peninsula
ja:蘆名氏

Compound of 蘆(あし) (ashi, “reed, rush”) + 名(な) (na, “fame, reputation”). Originally the name of a place in the Miura Peninsula (current Kanagawa Prefecture; see 芦名(あしな) (Ashina)) presumably known for reeds.

ja-compound

Ashina (Japanese clan prominent during the Sengoku period)


芦名

a neighborhood of Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture

芦名星


蔣介石

ja-pos

蔣(しょう)介(かい)石(せき) or 蔣介石(チャン・カイシェク) • (Shō Kaiseki or Chan Kaisheku)

蔣介石 (canonical)
蔣介石 (canonical)
Shō Kaiseki (romanization)
Chan Kaisheku (romanization)

Borrowed from Chinese 蔣介石 /蒋介石 (しょうかいせき).

bor+

蔣介石は、蔣中山としても知られ、中国国民党を率い、中華民国を総統（1928〜1975 年）として率いた著名な中国の軍事的および政治的指導者でした。日本は 1931 年に満州を占領した後、中国本土に狙いを定めました。1937 年に日中戦争に突入すると、彼は国民革命軍の大元帥として 4 年以上も単独で戦いましたが、1941 年に同盟国の米国と英国を抗日戦争に引き込むことに成功しました。第二次世界大戦中、彼は連合国の主要な指導者でした。国共内戦で中国共産党に敗れた後、台湾に撤退して、死ぬまで統治を続けました。

Shō kaiseki wa, Shō chūzan toshite mo shirare, chūgoku kokumintō o hikī, chūka minkoku o sōtō (senkyūhyakunijūhachi kara senkyūhyakunanajūgo nen) to shite hikīta chomei na chūgoku no gunjiteki oyobi seijiteki shidōsha deshita. nihon wa senkyūhyakusanjūichi nen ni manshū o senryō shita ato, chūgoku hondo ni nerai o sadame mashita. senkyūhyakusanjūnana nen ni nitchū sensō ni totsunyū suruto, kare wa kokumin kakumeigun no daigensui toshite yo nen ijō mo tandoku de tatakai mashita ga, senkyūhyakuyonjūichi nen ni dōmeikoku no beikoku to eikoku o kōnichi sensō ni hikikomu koto ni seikō shimashita. dainiji sekaitaisen chū, kare wa rengōkoku no shuyō na shidōsha deshita. kokkyō naisen de chūgoku kyōsantō ni yabureta ato, taiwan ni tettai shite, shinu made tōchi o tsuzuke mashita.

Chiang Kai-shek also known as Chiang Chung-cheng was a prominent Chinese military and political leader who led the Kuomintang (KMT: Chinese Nationalist Party) and led the Republic of China as its President (1928-1975). After occupying Manchuria in 1931, Japan set its sights on mainland China. When China entered the Sino-Japanese War in 1937, he fought alone as the generalissimo of the National Revolutionary Army for more than four years, but in 1941, he succeeded in drawing its allies, the United States and Britain, into war against Japan. During WWII, he was a key Allied leder of the Allied Powers. After losing the Chinese Civil War to the Chinese Communist Party, he retreated to Taiwan, where he continued to govern until his death.


蒋介石

蒋介石 (canonical)
Shō Kaiseki (romanization)


貧困撲滅のための国際デー

ja-pos

ひんこん ぼくめつ のための こくさい デー

貧(ひん)困(こん)撲(ぼく)滅(めつ)のための国(こく)際(さい)デー • (Hinkon Bokumetsu Notameno Kokusai Dē)

貧困撲滅のための国際デー (canonical)
Hinkon Bokumetsu Notameno Kokusai Dē (romanization)

[çĩŋko̞m bo̞kɯ̟me̞t͡sɨ no̞ta̠me̞no̞ ko̞kɯ̟sa̠i de̞ː]

Compound of 貧困 (poverty) + 撲滅 (eradication) + のための (for the) + 国際 (kokuysai, “international”) + デー (dē, “day”).

compound

ひんこんぼくめつのためのこくさいデー

貧困撲滅のための国際デーは、1999 年に国際連合によって制定された国際デーで、10 月 17 日に祝われ、貧困の撲滅と人権および尊厳の尊重を訴えます。

Hinkon bokumetsu no tame no kokusai dē wa, senkyūhyakukyūjūkyū nen ni kokusai rengō ni yotte seitei sareta kokusai dē de, jū gatsu jūnana nichi ni iwaware, hinkon no bokumetsu to jinken oyobi songen no sonchō o uttae masu.

The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty is an international day established by the United Nations in 1999, observed on October 17th, which calls for the eradication of poverty and respect for human rights and dignity.


マウイ島

ja-pos

マウイ島(とう) • (Maui-tō) ^(←マウイたう (Maui-tau)?)

マウイ島 (canonical)
Maui-tō (romanization)
Maui-tau (romanization)
マウイたう (historical katakana)


グランド・ブルターニュ

[ɡɯ̟ɾã̠ndo̞ bɯ̟ɾɯ̟ta̠ːɲ̟ɨ]

Borrowed from French Grande-Bretagne,
Compound of グランド (gurando, “grande”) + ブルターニュ (burutānyu, “Bretagne”).

compound

グレートブリテン島は、フランス語では「ル・グランド・ブルターニュ」と呼ばれ、この呼称はしばしば英国（イギリス）のことを指します。

Gurētoburiten tō wa, furansu go deha “ru gurando burutānyu” to yobare, kono koshō wa shibashiba eikoku (igirisu) no koto o sashi masu.

The island of Great Britain is called "le Grande Bretagne" in French, and this name often refers to the United Kingdom.

「ル・グランド・ブルターニュ」という呼称は、フランスのブルターニュ地方とのつながりを示しており、これは両地域が共に古代にはブリトン人の居住地であったことの名残りです。

“Ru gurando burutānyu” to iu koshō wa, furansu no burutānyu chihō tono tsunagari o 示shite ori, kore wa ryō chīki ga tomoni kodai niha buriton人 no kyojūchi de atta koto no nagori desu.

The name "le Grand Bretagne" refers to its connection with the French region of Brittany, a remnant of the ancient Briton settlement of both regions.

A French exonym of Great Britain (an island of Western Europe), or Great Britain, United Kingdom (a country in Western Europe)


ウェストミンスター

[β̞e̞sɨto̞mʲĩɰ̃sɨta̠ː]

ja:ウェストミンスター
ja:ウェストミンスター (曖昧さ回避)

Westminster (a neighbourhood in central London; the administrative centre of the borough of Westminster)

Westminster (a city in Orange County, California)

Jefferson County
Jefferson County#English

Westminster (a city in Adams County and Jefferson County, Colorado)

census-designated place
census-designated place

East Baton Rouge Parish
East Baton Rouge Parish#English

Westminster (a census-designated place in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana)

Westminster (a city, the county seat of Carroll County, Maryland)

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

Westminster (a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts)

unincorporated community
unincorporated community

Westminster (an unincorporated community in Auglaize Township, Allen County, Ohio)

Westminster (a city in Oconee County, South Carolina)

Westminster (an unincorporated community, a census-designated place, an and former city in Collin County, Texas)

Westminster (a town and village in Windham County, Vermont)


蔵王

ja-pos

蔵王(ざおう) • (Zaō)


日比谷

Hibiya (a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan)


永田町

永田町 (canonical)
Nagatachō (romanization)


有楽町

有楽町 (canonical)
Yūrakuchō (romanization)


淀橋

(~区) one of the 35 former wards of Tokyo Prefecture (1868–1943), Tokyo City.


月島

月島 (canonical)
Tsukishima (romanization)


千住

Senju (a district of Adachi, Tokyo, Japan)


エヴェンキ語

エヴェンキ語 (canonical)
Evenkigo (romanization)


ネギダール語

ネギダール語 (canonical)
Negidārugo (romanization)


ウデゲ語

ウデゲ語 (canonical)
Udegego (romanization)
ウデヘ語 (alternative)


ウデヘ語

ウデヘ語 (canonical)
Udehego (romanization)
ウデゲ語 (alternative)


オロチ語

オロチ語 (canonical)
Orochigo (romanization)


ウリチ語

ウリチ語 (canonical)
Urichigo (romanization)


ウィルタ語

ウィルタ語 (canonical)
Wirutago (romanization)


ウイルタ語

ウイルタ語 (canonical)
Uirutago (romanization)


ニューアーク

ニューアーク • (Nyūāku)


タイムズスクエア

Times Square (a district of New York City, New York, United States)


ウォール街

ウォール街 (canonical)
Wōrugai (romanization)

From Partial calque of English Wall Street.

Wall Street (a district of New York City, New York, United States)


ブロンクス

Bronx (a district of New York City, New York, United States)


スタテンアイランド

Staten Island (a district of New York City, New York, United States)


南鳥島

南鳥島 (canonical)
Minamitorishima (romanization)

Minamitorishima (an Island in Ogasawara, Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


神津島

神津島 (canonical)
Kōzushima (romanization)

Kōzushima (an island of the Izu Islands, Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


式根島

式根島 (canonical)
Shikinejima (romanization)

an island of the Izu Islands, Tokyo prefecture, Japan


聟島

an island of the Bonin Islands, Tokyo prefecture, Japan


媒島

媒島 (canonical)
Nakōdojima (romanization)


フランス革命

フランス革命 (canonical)
Furansukakumei (romanization)


ロシア革命

ロシア革命 (canonical)
Roshiakakumei (romanization)


ピューリタン革命

ピューリタン革命 (canonical)
Pyūritankakumei (romanization)


アメリカ革命

アメリカ革命 (canonical)
Amerikakakumei (romanization)


アメリカ独立戦争

アメリカどくりつせんそう

アメリカ独立戦争 (canonical)
Amerikadokuritsusensō (romanization)

American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War


対テロ戦争

対テロ戦争 (canonical)
Taiterosensō (romanization)


湾岸戦争

湾岸戦争 (canonical)
Wangansensō (romanization)


米墨戦争

米墨戦争 (canonical)
Beibokusensō (romanization)

Mexican-American War
Mexican-American War


米英戦争

米英戦争 (canonical)
Beieisensō (romanization)


沿海地方

沿海地方 (canonical)
Enkai Chihō (romanization)


西帰浦

Seogwipo (a city in Jeju Province, South Korea)


西帰浦

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 서귀포(西歸浦) (Seogwipo).

obor

(dated) Seogwipo (a city in Jeju Province, South Korea)


鬱陵島

[ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɾɯ̟̃ndo̞]

North Gyeongsang
North Gyeongsang#English

Ulleungdo (an island of Ulleung, North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea)


鬱陵島

鬱陵島 (canonical)
Utsuryōtō (romanization)

[ɯ̟t͡sɨɾʲo̞ːto̞ː]

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 울릉도(鬱陵島) (Ulleungdo)

(dated) Ulleungdo (an island of Ulleung, North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea)


ウルカヌス

[ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ka̠nɯ̟sɨ]

神

ローマ神話のオリュンポス十二神 (Rōma shinwa no Oryunposu jūnishin)


髙盧

ja-pos

髙盧(ゴウル) • (Gōru)

The kanji are ateji (当て字), from Mandarin 髙盧 /髙卢 (“Gaul”). Derived from English Gaul

(history) obsolete spelling of ガリア (Garia): (chiefly historical) Gaul (a historical region of Western Europe referring to areas occupied by Celts during Roman times, roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine)


チワン族

チワン族 (canonical)
Chiwanzoku (romanization)


男装の麗人

男(だん)装(そう)の麗(れい)人(じん) • (Dansō No Reijin)

男装の麗人 (canonical)
Dansō No Reijin (romanization)

[dã̠ɰ̃so̞ː no̞ ɾe̞ːʑĩɴ]

男装(だんそう) (dansō, “male attire”) + の (no, genitive case marker) + 麗人(れいじん) (reijin, “beautiful woman”).

ja-compound

水の江瀧子は、スーツと山高帽でステージに登場したことから「男装の麗人」として人気を博しました。

Mizunoe takiko wa, sūtsu to yamatakabō de sutēji ni tōjō shita koto kara “dansō no reijin” to shite ninki o hakushi mashi ta.

Takiko Mizunoe gained popularity as “cross-dressed fair lady” due to her penchant for appearing on stage dressed in a suit and bowler hat.


バウム

A transliteration of the German surname Baum

Vicki Baum (ヴィッキイ・バウム: 1888-1960), an female Austrian writer.


セーラ

ja-pos

セーラ • (Sēra)

A transliteration of the English female given name Sara or Sarah


エイミー

エイミー • (Eimī)

A transliteration of the English female given name Amy


ウ軍

Compound of ウ (clipping of ウクライナ) + 軍 (gun)

com+

clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">ウクライナ</i>

ウ軍が反転攻勢

Ukrainian forces launch counter-offensive.

2023 June 23, “ウ軍反転攻勢”, in Miyazaki Nichinichi Shinbun 宮崎日日新聞:

ウクライナ軍 w:ja:ウクライナ軍

abbreviation of ウクライナ軍 (Ukuraina gun) Ukrainian forces


潙山

潙山 (canonical)
Isan (romanization)
Wisan (romanization)
ゐさん (hiragana historical)


ド軍

Compound of ド (clipping of ドジャース) + 軍 (gun, “team”),
cognate of 読売巨人軍 (“Yomiuri Giants”)

clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">ドジャース</i>

ド軍の日本人トリオとは、大谷翔平・山本由伸・佐々木朗希のことです。

Dogun no nihonjin torio toha, Ōtani Shōhei Yamamoto Yoshinobu Sasaki Rōki no koto desu.

The Dodgers' Japanese trio are Shohei Ohtani, Yoshinobu Yamamoto, and Roki Sasaki.

2025 March 8, “ド軍投手コーチ 大谷翔平の5月投手復帰論に慎重「それはおそらく楽観的。全てが計画通りにうまくいけば」（スポニチ）”, in Mainichi Shimbun 毎日新聞:

2025 March 13, “ド軍ロバーツ監督 契約再延長に言及「選手のために」“チーム愛”語る「他にいたい場所はない」（スポニチ）”, in Mainichi Shimbun 毎日新聞:

ロサンゼルス・ドジャース w:ja:ロサンゼルス・ドジャース

short for ロサンゼルス・ドジャース (Rosanzerusu Dojāsu) Los Angeles Dodgers


大元霊

大元霊 (canonical)
Daigenrei (romanization)

(religion) God (in the theology of Perfect Liberty Kyodan)


リアンクール岩礁

ja-pos

リアンクール がんしょう

リアンクール岩礁 (canonical)
Riankūru Ganshō (romanization)

[ɾʲiã̠ŋkɯ̟ːɾɯ̟ ɡã̠ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]

Partial calque of English Liancourt Rocks;
リアンクール (Riankūru, “the name of a French whaling ship”) + 岩礁(がんしょう) (ganshō, “reef”)

ja-compound

「リアンクール岩礁」は、朝鮮半島と日本列島の間にある小さな島嶼を指す国際的かつ中立的な名称です。

“Riankūru ganshō” wa, chōsen hantō to nihon rettō no aida ni aru chīsana tōsho o sasu kokusaiteki katsu chūritsutekina meishō desu.

"The Liancourt Rocks" is the international and neutral name for a group of islets between the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese archipelago.

リアンクール岩礁という名は、1849 年にこの岩礁で難破しそうになったフランスの捕鯨船の名前、「ル・リアンクール」号に由来しています。

Riankūru ganshōtoiu na wa, senhappyakuyonjūku nen ni kono ganshō de nanpa shisō ni natta furansu no hogeisen no namae,“ru riankūru” gō ni yurai shite imasu.

The name "Liancourt Rocks" is derived from "Le Liancourt", the name of a French whaling ship that came close to being wrecked on the rocks in 1849.

リアンクール岩礁を領有する韓国では、この島々は独島（韓国語：독도）と呼ばれています。この島々の主権を主張する北朝鮮もこの島々を独島と呼んでいます。一方、その領有権を主張する日本政府はその島々を竹島と呼んでいます。

Riankūru ganshō o ryōyū suru kankoku deha, kono shimajima wa dokuto (kankokugo:독도) to yobarete imasu. Kono shimajima no shuken o shuchō suru kitachōsen mo kono shimajima o dokuto to yondeimasu. Ippō, sono ryōyūken o shuchō suru nihon seifu wa sono shimajima o takeshima to yondeimasu.

In South Korea, which governs them, the islets called Dokdo (Korean: 독도); North Korea, which claims sovereignty over the islets, also calls them Dokdo; On the other hand, Japanese Government, which claims territorial rights there, calls it Takeshima (Japanese: 竹島).

日本と大韓民国の間のリアンクール岩礁紛争を解決する可能性のある方法

nihon to daikan minkoku no aida no riankūru ganshō funsō o kaiketsu suru kanōsei no aru hōhō

Possible Methods of Resolving Liancourt Rocks Dispute between Japan and ROK. (s:en)


シュピーゲル

[ɕɨpʲiːɡe̞ɾɯ̟]

「シュピーゲル」誌（デア・シュピーゲル）は、ドイツの代表的な週刊誌です。

“Shupīgeru” shi (dea shupīgeru) wa, doitsu no daihyōteki na shūkanshi desu.

"Der Spiegel" is German leading weekly magazine.

Der Spiegel, a representative weekly magazine in Germany.

A transliteration of the German surname Spiegel


タンパ

Hillsborough County
Hillsborough County#English

Tampa (a city, the county seat of Hillsborough County, Florida)


大辞典

Compound of 大(だい) (dai, “large; great”) + 辞典(じてん) (jiten, “dictionary”).

ja-com

大字典: a Chinese-Japanese dictionary published in 1917

大辞典: a 26 volume monolingual Japanese dictionary published around 1934-1936, with around 700,000 entries


薩長

ja-pos

薩長(さっちょう) • (Satchō)

薩(さっ) (Sa', Clipping of 薩摩) + 長(ちょう) (Chō, Clipping of 長州)

ja-compound

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">薩摩</i>

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">長州</i>

薩長同盟

the Satchō Alliance (Satsuma–Chōshū Alliance).

(history) the Satsuma Domain and the Chōshū Domain


センチメーター

ja-noun

センチメーター • (senchimētā)

[sẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕime̞ːta̠ː]

センチメートル センチメートル#Japanese

alternative form of センチメートル (senchimētoru, “centimeter”)


薩長土肥

ja-pos

薩長土肥(さっちょうどひ) • (Satchōdohi)

薩長土肥 (canonical)
Satchōdohi (romanization)

薩(さっ) (Sa', Clipping of 薩摩) + 長(ちょう) (Chō, Clipping of 長州) + 土(ど) (Do, Clipping of 土佐) + 肥(ひ) (Hi, Clipping of 肥前)

ja-compound

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">土佐</i>

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">肥前</i>

(history) the four feudal domains in Edo-period Japan:

the four of the influential Imperialist tozama domains

the Meiji oligarchy: the new ruling class of Meiji era.

i.e. Satsuma (薩摩藩), Chōshū (長州藩), Tosa (土佐藩) and Hizen (肥前藩).


奥羽

ja-pos

奥(おう)羽(う) • (Ōu)

奥(おう) (Ō, Clipping of 陸奥) + 羽(う) (U, Clipping of 出羽)

ja-compound

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">陸奥</i>

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">出羽</i>

i.e. the Mutsu Province and the Dewa Province.

奥羽越列藩同盟

(history) the combined area of two former provinces of northernmost Japan:

奥羽山脈

奥羽本線

奥羽新幹線

Tōhoku (a traditional region of Japan, specifically the northernmost six prefectures in Honshu (clockwise from the northermost): Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima, Yamagata and Akita)


武江

武(ぶ) (Bu, Clipping of 武蔵) + 江(こう) (Kō, Clipping of 江戸)

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">武蔵</i>

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">江戸</i>

『武江年表』は、江戸における主要な歴史的出来事の年代記です。

“Bukō nenpyō” wa, edo ni okeru shuyōna rekishiteki dekigoto no nendaiki desu.

"Bukō Chronicle" (Bukō nenpyō) is chronicles of major historical events in Edo.

short for 武蔵国江戸 (Musashi no kuni Edo, “Edo (former name of Tokyo) in Musashi Province.”)


武江

武江区は、中華人民共和国広東省韶関市の市轄区です。

Bukō ku wa, chūka jinmin kyōwakoku kanton shō shōkan shi no shikatsuku desu.

Wujiang is a district of Shaoguan, Guangdong province, the People's Republic of China.

a district of Shaoguan, Guangdong, China


逆コース

逆コース (canonical)
Gyaku Kōsu (romanization)

[ɡʲa̠kɯ̟ ko̞ːsɨ]

(historical) the policy of reversing democratization and demilitarization by the GHQ/SCAP during early Cold War


連邦準備制度理事会

ja-pos

れんぽう じゅんび せいど りじかい

連邦準備制度理事会(れんぽうじゅんびせいどりじかい) • (Renpō Junbi Seido Rijikai)

連邦準備制度理事会 (canonical)
Renpō Junbi Seido Rijikai (romanization)

Calque of English Federal Reserve Board
:連邦(れんぽう) (renpō, federation or federal) + 準備(じゅんび) (junbi, “reserve”) + 制度(せいど) (seido, “system”) + 理事会(りじかい) (rijikai, “board”).

ja-compound

れんほうしゅんひせいとりしかい

連邦準備制度理事会は、連邦準備制度の主要な指導機関です。連邦準備銀行を監督し、米国の金融政策を制御するのを支援する責任があります。

Renpō junbi seido rijikai wa, renpōjunbiseido no shuyō na shidō kikan desu. Renpō junbi ginkō o kantoku shi, beikoku no kin'yū seisaku o seigyo suruno o shien suru sekinin ga arimasu.

The Federal Reserve Board, is the main leading body of the Federal Reserve System. It is in charge with overseeing the Federal Reserve Banks and with helping control the monetary policy of the United States.

連邦準備制度理事会の議長、副議長、理事たちはいずれも米国大統領によって任命され、その任命は上院の承認が必要です。

Renpō junbi seido rijikai no gichō, fukugichō, riji tachi wa izuremo beikoku daitōryō ni yotte ninmei sare, sono ninmei wa jōin no shōnin ga hitsuyō desu.

The Chair, Vice Chair, and governors of the Federal Reserve Board (FRB) are all appointed by the President of the United States, and their appointments must be confirmed by the Senate.

(US, economics, banking) Federal Reserve Board of Governors

ja:連邦準備制度#連邦準備制度理事会

FRB 議長

連邦準備制度 (renpōjunbiseido, “Federal Reserve System”)


東朔

古(ふる)田(た)東(とう)朔(さく) w:ja:古田東朔

古(ふる)田(た)東(とう)朔(さく) (Furuta Tōsaku, 1925–2013), Japanese linguist and university lecturer


レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチ

[ɾe̞o̞na̠ɾɯ̟do̞da̠bʲĩɲ̟t͡ɕi]


サンタ・クルス

ja-pos

サンタ・クルス or サンタ・クルーズ • (Santa Kurusu or Santa Kurūzu)

サンタ・クルス (canonical)
サンタ・クルーズ (canonical)
Santa Kurusu (romanization)
Santa Kurūzu (romanization)

[sã̠nta̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟sɨ]

[sã̠nta̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːzɨ]


仏滅紀元

仏(ぶつ)滅(めつ)紀(き)元(げん) • (Butsumetsu Kigen)

仏滅紀元 (canonical)
Butsumetsu Kigen (romanization)

[bɯ̟t͡sɨme̞t͡sɨ kʲiɡẽ̞ɴ]

Named because certain Buddhist calendars dated on the year the Buddha passed away.


信越

[ɕĩɰ̃e̞t͡sɨ]

Echigo Province
Shin'etsu region
Shinano Province

信(しん) (Shin, Clipping of 信濃 (“Shinano Province”)) + 越(えつ) (Etsu, Clipping of 越後 (“Echigo Province”))

ja-compound

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">信濃</i> (“Shinano Province”)

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">越後</i> (“Echigo Province”)

(history) the Shinano Province and the Echigo Province in feudal system in Japan.

信越本線

Shin'etsu (a traditional region in Chūbu region in Japan, composed of the prefectures of Nagano and Niigata)


米国航空宇宙局

ja-pos

べいこく こうくう うちゅうきょく

米(べい)国(こく)航(こう)空(くう)宇(う)宙(ちゅう)局(きょく) • (Beikoku Kōkū Uchūkyoku)

米国航空宇宙局 (canonical)
Beikoku Kōkū Uchūkyoku (romanization)

米(べい)国(こく) (beikoku, “America”) + 航(こう)空(くう) (kōkū, “aeronautics”) + 宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (uchū, “universe”) + 局(きょく) (kyoku, “bureau”)

ja-compound

あめりかこうくううちゅうきょく

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

米航空宇宙局

米航空宇宙局 べいこうくううちゅうきょく

アメリカ航空宇宙局

航空宇宙局 こうくううちゅうきょく


日葡辞書

日葡辞書 (canonical)
Nippo Jisho (romanization)

the Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (published 1603), a Japanese-Portuguese dictionary


駿遠

駿(すん) (Sun, Clipping of 駿河 (“Suruga Province”)) + 遠(えん) (En, Clipping of 遠江 (“Tōtōmi Province”))

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">駿河</i> (“Suruga Province”)

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">遠江</i> (“Tōtōmi Province”)

(history) the Suruga Province and the Tōtōmi Province in feudal system in Japan.

Sun'en (a traditional region in Chūbu region in Japan, composed of the large part of the Shizuoka Prefecture, excluding the Izu Peninsula.)

a region surrounding the former border between Suruga and Tōtōmi, i.e., the surrounding area across the Ōi River.


紀勢

紀(き) (Ki, Clipping of 紀伊 (“Kii Province”)) + 勢(せい) (Sei, Clipping of 伊勢 (“Ise Province”))

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">紀伊</i> (“Kii Province”)

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">伊勢</i> (“Ise Province”)

(history) the Kii Province and the Ise Province in feudal system in Japan.

(~町) Kisei: a former town located in Mie Prefecture, Japan.


濃尾

濃(のう) (Nō, Clipping of 美濃 (“Mino Province”)) + 尾(び) (Bi, Clipping of 尾張 (“Owari Province”))

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">美濃</i> (“Mino Province”)

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">尾張</i> (“Owari Province”)

(history) the Mino Province and the Owari Province in feudal system in Japan.


オッカムの剃刀

ja-pos

^オッカム の かみそり

オッカムの剃刀 (canonical)
Okkamu no kamisori (romanization)


黒松内

黒松内 (canonical)
Kuromatsunai (romanization)

Kuromatsunai (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


蘭越

Rankoshi (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


ギガノトサウルス

Learned borrowing from New Latin Giganotosaurus.


アロサウルス

Learned borrowing from New Latin Allosaurus.


アルバートサウルス

Learned borrowing from New Latin Albertosaurus.

ja:アルバートサウルス


西側諸国

ja-pos

西(にし)側(がわ)諸(しょ)国(こく) • (Nishigawa Shokoku)

西側諸国 (canonical)
Nishigawa Shokoku (romanization)

[ɲ̟iɕiɡa̠β̞a̠ ɕo̞ko̞kɯ̟]

Compound of 西側 ((Nishi-gawa, “Eastern”) + 諸国 (shokoku, “countries”).


カラーリットヌナート

Borrowed from Greenlandic Kalaallit Nunaat;
:Compound of カラーリット (Karāritto, “Greenlander”) + ヌナート (Nunāto, “country”)

com+

グリーンランドはグリーンランド語（カラーリット語）では「カラーリット-ヌナート」と呼ばれています。

Gurīnrando wa Gurīnrandogo (Karārittogo) deha “Karāritto-Nunāto” to yoba rete imasu.

Greenland is called "Kalaallit Nunaat" in Greenlandic (Kalaallisut).

Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


ニューカッスル・アンダー・ライム

ja-pos

^ニューカッスル・アンダー・^ライム

ニューカッスル・アンダー・ライム • (Nyūkassuru andā Raimu)

[ɲ̟ɨːka̠sːɨɾɯ̟ ã̠nda̠ː ɾa̠imɯ̟]

Borrowed from English Newcastle-under-Lyme.

bor+

Newcastle-under-Lyme (a large market town in Staffordshire, England)


欧州戦

ja-pos

欧(おう)州(しゅう)戦(せん) • (Ōshūsen)

[o̞ːɕɨːsẽ̞ɴ]

欧州(おうしゅう) (ōshū, “Europe”) + 戦(せん) (sen, “war”)


島木

From 島(しま) (shima, “island”) + 木(き) (ki, “tree”).


ながしま

長島 長嶋 永島 永嶋 長嶌 永嶌


満砂那

obsolete spelling of マンザナ (“Manzanar (an internment camp in California, United States)”)


入来院

From 入(いり)来(き) (Iriki, “Iriki (former town)”) + 院(いん) (-in, “mansion, institution”). The surname initially belonged to a samurai clan, based at the castle 入(いり)来(き)郷(ごう) (Iriki-gō) in the aforementioned town of Iriki.