南寧

Nanning (a prefecture-level city, the capital of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


グランドキャニオン

[ɡɯ̟ɾã̠ndo̞ kʲa̠ɲ̟iõ̞ɴ]


ベオグラード

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Бе̏оград (Bȅograd).


緬甸

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 緬甸／缅甸 (Miǎndiàn), some time after this term came to prominence in Chinese during the Ming Dynasty. Compare modern Mandarin reading Miǎndiàn, Cantonese min⁵ din⁶.
First mentioned in a text from 1798.

(historical, possibly obsolete) Myanmar (a country in Southeast Asia)


緬甸

Ultimately from Burmese ဗမာ (ba.ma). The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), from the borrowed Chinese term Menden above.

dated spelling of ビルマ (Biruma): Burma (a country in Southeast Asia)


薩爾瓦多

薩爾瓦多 (canonical)
Eru Sarubadoru (romanization)

[e̞ɾɯ̟ sa̠ɾɯ̟ba̠do̞ɾɯ̟]

エルサルバドル エルサルバドル#Japanese

obsolete spelling of エルサルバドル: El Salvador (a country in Central America)


任天堂

ja-pos

任(にん)天(てん)堂(どう) • (Nintendō) ^(←にんてんだう (Nintendau)?)

任天堂 (canonical)
Nintendō (romanization)
Nintendau (romanization)
にんてんだう (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 任天堂 (Rèntiāntáng)

→ English: Nintendo

→ Spanish: nintendo

[ɲ̟ĩntẽ̞ndo̞ː]

According to Hiroshi Yamauchi, the company name is derived from the phrase 運を天に任せる (un o ten ni makaseru, literally “leave luck to heaven”).
Other sources suggest the word 天 (ten, literally “heaven”) is the first character of 天狗 (tengu), a kind of monster in Japanese folklore which is sometimes connected to gambling and may therefore be a reference to the company’s initial product of hanafuda cards, thus yielding an interpretation of the company name as a “temple of trusted cards”.


ハロウィン

[ha̠ɾo̞β̞ĩɴ]


スマトラ

Sumatra (the largest island entirely in Indonesia and the world’s sixth largest island)


メラネシア

Bismarck Archipelago
Bismarck Archipelago

Melanesia (a continental region of Oceania, made up of New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Fiji)


ジュロンイースト

Jurong East (a town in the West Region, Singapore)


バビロニア

(historical) Babylonia (an ancient empire and geographic region of Mesopotamia, existing from 1850 BCE to 539 BCE, based around the city of Babylon; at its maximum extent, covering parts of modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, Syria and Iran)


ハリウッド

Hollywood (an area of Los Angeles, California, United States)


広島

Hiroshima (the capital city of Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)

Hiroshima (a prefecture in southwestern Honshu, Japan)

Hiroshima (an island of Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


華盛頓

華盛頓 (canonical)
Washinton (romanization)

Borrowed from English Washington. The Chinese characters are ateji (当て字) from Chinese 華盛頓／华盛顿 (Huáshèngdùn), Cantonese 華盛頓／华盛顿 (waa4 sing6 deon6).

zh-m

華盛頓／华盛顿 (Huáshèngdùn)

ワシントン ワシントン#Japanese


プラハ

Borrowed from Czech Praha or Slovak Praha.

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


マドリード

ja:マドリード (曖昧さ回避)

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

Madrid (a city and municipality of the Community of Madrid, Spain; the capital city of Spain)

autonomous community
autonomous community

Madrid, Community of Madrid (an autonomous community of Spain)

Madrid (a province of the Community of Madrid, Spain)

Madrid (a town and municipality of Western Savanna Province, Cundinamarca department, Colombia)

Madrid (a town in Tecomán Municipality, Colima, Mexico)

Madrid (a municipality of Surigao del Sur, Philippines)


漢城

[kã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ː]

(historical) Hanseong (Seoul during the Joseon dynasty)


ホニアラ

Honiara (the capital city of the Solomon Islands)


記紀

Abbreviation of 古事記 (Kojiki, “Records of Ancient Matters”) and 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”).

abbrev

記紀歌謡

記紀神話

the Records of Ancient Matters and the Chronicles of Japan (the two oldest book of Japanese history)


新西蘭

ja-pos

新西蘭(ニュージーランド) • (Nyū Jīrando)

新西蘭 (canonical)
Nyū Jīrando (romanization)

Borrowed from English New Zealand. The kanji are ateji (当て字), from Mandarin 新西蘭 /新西兰 (Xīnxīlán).

ニュージーランド ニュージーランド#Japanese


ニューデリー

ニューデリー • (Nyū Derī)

[ɲ̟ɨːde̞ɾʲiː]


シチリア語

シチリア語 (canonical)
Shichiriago (romanization)


クアラルンプール

Kuala Lumpur (the capital city of Malaysia)

Kuala Lumpur (a federal territory of Malaysia)


宜昌

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 宜昌 (Yíchāng).


大越

the official name referring to Vietnamese dynasties beginning with the rule of Lý Thánh Tông (r. 1054-1072) until 1400, then again from 1428 to 1804


汕頭

汕頭 (canonical)
Suwatō (romanization)
Swatau (romanization)
スワタウ (historical katakana)

[sɨβ̞a̠to̞ː]

From English Swatow, from Teochew 汕頭／汕头 (suan1 tao5).

Shantou (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


汕頭

汕頭 (canonical)
Sentō (romanization)
Sentou (romanization)
せんとう (hiragana historical)

The Sino-Japanese reading of Chinese 汕頭 /汕头 (Shàntóu).

alternative form of 汕頭 (Suwatō, “Shantou (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)”)


汕頭

ja-pos

汕頭(シャントウ) • (Shantō)

zh-l

汕頭／汕头 (Shàntóu)


キャンベラ

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


オタワ

ja:オタワ (曖昧さ回避)

Ottawa (a city in Ontario, Canada; the capital city of Canada)

St. Lawrence River
St. Lawrence River#English

Ottawa (a river flowing southeast between Ontario and Quebec, Canada into the St. Lawrence River)

Ottawa (a city, the county seat of LaSalle County, Illinois)


基督教

ja-pos

基督(キリスト)教(きょう) • (Kirisuto-kyō) ^(←キリストけう (Kirisutokeu)?)

基督教 (canonical)
Kirisuto-kyō (romanization)
Kirisutokeu (romanization)
キリストけう (historical katakana)

→ Chinese: 基督教 (Jīdūjiào)

→ Korean: 기독교 (基督敎, Gidokgyo)

l/vi/Latn

Cơ Đốc giáo (基督敎)

vi-l

Cơ Đốc giáo (基督敎)

→ Vietnamese: Cơ Đốc giáo (基督敎)

l/vi/Latn

đạo Cơ Đốc (道基督)

vi-l

đạo Cơ Đốc (道基督)

→ Vietnamese: (calque) đạo Cơ Đốc (道基督)

基督 (abbreviation of 基利斯督 (kirisuto), which is ateji (当て字) of キリスト (kirisuto)) + 教 (kyō, “religion”)

キリスト教 キリスト教#Japanese

obsolete spelling of キリスト教 (“Christianity”)


パピアメント語

パピアメント語 (canonical)
Papiamentogo (romanization)


女真

Jurchen; Jurchens (a Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria until the 17th century, when they adopted the name Manchu)


ポドゴリツァ

Podgorica (the capital city of Montenegro)


公安

Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department Public Security Bureau


サンクトペテルブルク

Borrowed from Russian Санкт-Петербу́рг (Sankt-Peterbúrg), from German Sankt Petersburg.

bor

Санкт-Петербу́рг

Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg#English:_Q656

Saint Petersburg (a federal city of Russia, known between 1914 and 1924 as Petrograd and between 1924 and 1991 as Leningrad; the former capital of Russia, from 1713–1728 and 1732–1918)

ja:サンクトペテルブルク


ノヴォシビルスク

Novosibirsk (a city, the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia)


ニジニ・ノヴゴロド

ja:ニジニ・ノヴゴロド

Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod#English:_Q2246

Nizhny Novgorod (an oblast and federal subject of Russia)

Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod#English:_Q891

Nizhny Novgorod (the capital city of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia; the fourth-largest in the country by population)


爪哇

obsolete spelling of ジャワ (= Java): an island of Indonesia


雅歌

From Middle Chinese compound 雅歌 (ngæ^X + ka, literally “elegant + song”).


蟹座

alternative spelling of かに座 (“Cancer”) (constellation)


案山子

[ã̠nd͡zã̠ɰ̃ɕi]


菊池

→ Chinese: 菊池 (Júchí)

→ English: Kikuchi

Ateji (当て字) of 鞠智 (Kikuchi, “Kikuchi Castle”), originally read as くくち (Kukuchi).

Kikuchi (a city and district of Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)

菊池昌弘

Masahiro Kikuchi, pathologist known for Kikuchi disease


河北

a place name, such as that of Kahoku Town in Yamagata Prefecture


九龍

ja-pos

九(きゅう)龍(りゅう) • (Kyūryū) ^(←きうりゆう (Kiuryuu)?)

九龍 (canonical)
Kyūryū (romanization)
Kiuryuu (romanization)
きうりゆう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 九龍 /九龙 (jiǔlóng).


九龍

ja-pos

九龍(クーロン) or 九龍(カウロン) • (Kūron or Kauron)

九龍 (canonical)
九龍 (canonical)
Kūron (romanization)
Kauron (romanization)

Borrowed from Cantonese 九龍 /九龙 (gau² lung⁴).


オバマ

A transliteration of the Luo surname Obama


新羅

⟨siraki₂⟩ → */sirakɨ/ → /ɕiraɡi/
Shift from Old Japanese 新羅 (Siraki₂).

Silla (an ancient kingdom in modern Korea, one of the Three Kingdoms, existing from 57 BCE to 935 C.E.; at its maximum covering all of modern South Korea and most of modern North Korea)


新羅

From the Middle Chinese-derived reading of the kanji characters.


ボスニア語

ボスニア語 (canonical)
Bosuniago (romanization)


獅子座

獅子 (“lion”) + 座 (“seat; constellation”). In the "lion seat" sense, from the apparent resemblance to a lion's fiery mane of the backrest.

alternative spelling of しし座 (“Leo”) (constellation)


鉄人

(informal) A nickname for people with a strong, resilient image, including:

Sachio Kinugasa, former baseball player with Hiroshima Carp


ミノタウロス

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μινώταυρος (Minṓtauros).


ウルドゥー語

ウルドゥー語 (canonical)
Urudūgo (romanization)

[ɯ̟ɾɯ̟dɯ̟ːɡo̞]


柬埔寨

The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字), from Chinese 柬埔寨 (Jiǎnpǔzhài).

カンボジア カンボジア#Japanese

dated spelling of カンボジア (Kanbojia): Cambodia (a country in Southeast Asia)


牡羊座

ja-pos

牡(お)羊(ひつじ)座(ざ) • (Ohitsujiza) ^(←をひつじざ (Wofituziza)?)

牡羊座 (canonical)
Ohitsujiza (romanization)
Wofituziza (romanization)
をひつじざ (hiragana historical)

おひつじ座 おひつじ座#Japanese

alternative spelling of おひつじ座 (“Aries”) (constellation)


乙女座

乙(おと)女(め)座(ざ) • (Otomeza) ^(←をとめざ (Wotomeza)?)

乙女座 (canonical)
Otomeza (romanization)
Wotomeza (romanization)
をとめざ (hiragana historical)

alternative spelling of おとめ座 (“Virgo”) (constellation)


古高ドイツ語

古高ドイツ語 (canonical)
Kokōdoitsugo (romanization)


ペルシア語

ペルシア語 (canonical)
Perushiago (romanization)


クメール語

クメール語 (canonical)
Kumērugo (romanization)

Khmer (the national language of Cambodia)


大躍進

大躍進 (canonical)
Daiyakushin (romanization)


火狐

Compound of 火(ひ) (hi, “fire”) + 狐(きつね) (kitsune, “fox”), calque of English Firefox. The kitsune changes to gitsune as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


鬼火

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:松村明

Compound of 鬼 (oni, “ghost, devil”) + 火 (hi, “fire”). The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

short for 鬼火焚 (Onibitaki), a fire matsuri (Japanese festival) held around Kyūshū on 7 (in some places, 14) January

左義長

January fire festivals, not just in Kyūshū


ポール

ja-pos

ポール • (Pōru)

Borrowing as a transliteration, from various English or French names.

A transliteration of the English or French male given name Paul

A transliteration of the English surname Pall

A transliteration of the Dutch surname Poel

A transliteration of the German surname Pohl

A transliteration of the French female given name Paule

A transliteration of the Dutch male given name Pol

A transliteration of the English surname Pole


フィンランド共和国

フィンランド きょうわこく

フィンランド共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Finrando Kyōwakoku)

フィンランド共和国 (canonical)
Finrando Kyōwakoku (romanization)

Republic of Finland
Republic of Finland#English:_Q33

Republic of Finland (long form of Finland: a country in Northern Europe)


フランス共和国

フランス共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Furansu Kyōwakoku)

フランス共和国 (canonical)
Furansu Kyōwakoku (romanization)

[ɸɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃sɨ kʲo̞ːβ̞a̠ko̞kɯ̟]

フランス (Furansu, “France”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”)

af

French Republic
French Republic#English:_Q142

French Republic (official name of France: a country in Western Europe)


スロベニア共和国

ja-pos

スロベニア きょうわこく

スロベニア共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Surobenia Kyōwakoku)

スロベニア共和国 (canonical)
Surobenia Kyōwakoku (romanization)

Republic of Slovenia
Republic of Slovenia#English:_Q215

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Republic of Slovenia (official name of Slovenia: a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


ポルトガル共和国

ポルトガル きょうわこく

ポルトガル共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Porutogaru Kyōwakoku)

ポルトガル共和国 (canonical)
Porutogaru Kyōwakoku (romanization)

[po̞ɾɯ̟to̞ɡa̠ɾɯ̟ kʲo̞ːβ̞a̠ko̞kɯ̟]

ポルトガル (Porutogaru, “Portugal”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”)

af

Portuguese Republic
Portuguese Republic#English:_Q45

Portuguese Republic (official name of Portugal: a country in Southern Europe)


スウェーデン王国

スウェーデン王国 (canonical)
Suwēden Ōkoku (romanization)

スウェーデン (Suwēden, “Sweden”) + 王国 (ōkoku, “kingdom”)

compound

Kingdom of Sweden
Kingdom of Sweden#English:_Q34

Kingdom of Sweden (official name of Sweden: a country in Northern Europe)


デンマーク王国

デンマーク王国 (canonical)
Denmāku Ōkoku (romanization)

Kingdom of Denmark
Kingdom of Denmark#English:_Q756617

Kingdom of Denmark (official name of Denmark or the Danish Realm: a country consisting of metropolitan Denmark ("Denmark proper") in Western Europe as well as the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland off the coast of North America)


ベルギー王国

ベルギー王国 (canonical)
Berugī Ōkoku (romanization)

ベルギー (Berugī, “Belgium”) + 王国 (ōkoku, “kingdom”)

com

Kingdom of Belgium
Kingdom of Belgium#English:_Q31

Kingdom of Belgium (official name of Belgium: a country in Western Europe)


グーグル

[ɡɯ̟ːɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟]


大東亜共栄圏

ja-pos

だいとうあ きょうえいけん

大(だい)東(とう)亜(あ)共(きょう)栄(えい)圏(けん) • (Daitōa Kyōeiken)

大東亜共栄圏 (canonical)
Daitōa Kyōeiken (romanization)

だいとーあきょーえーけん

[da̠ito̞ːa̠ kʲo̞ːe̞ːkẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 大(だい)東(とう)亜(あ) (Daitōa, “Japan's name for the Far East and Southeast Asia during World War II”) + 共(きょう)栄(えい)圏(けん) (kyōeiken, “a group of nations joining hands to prosper together”)
A slogan promulgated during World War II by the Japanese government and military used as a means to rationalize rule over Asia.


極楽

[ɡo̞kɯ̟ɾa̠kɯ̟]

From Middle Chinese 極樂 (MC gik lak), itself a translation of Sanskrit सुखावती (sukhāvatī), the feminine form of सुखवत् (sukhavat, literally “full of joy”).


ノルウェー王国

ノルウェー王国 (canonical)
Noruwē Ōkoku (romanization)

Kingdom of Norway
Kingdom of Norway#English:_Q20

Kingdom of Norway (official name of Norway: a country in Northern Europe)


サンパウロ

[sã̠mpa̠ɯ̟ɾo̞]

From Portuguese São Paulo (literally “Saint Paul”). Doublet of サン゠ポール (San-Pōru), サン・パブロ (San Paburo), and セントポール (Sento Pōru).

doublet

ja:サンパウロ (曖昧さ回避)

サンパウロ サンパウロ#Japanese

サンパウロ, 聖市: São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)

サンパウロ サンパウロ#Japanese

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

サンパウロ, 聖州: São Paulo (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


エストニア共和国

ja-pos

エストニア きょうわこく

エストニア共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Esutonia Kyōwakoku)

エストニア共和国 (canonical)
Esutonia Kyōwakoku (romanization)

Republic of Estonia
Republic of Estonia#English:_Q191

Republic of Estonia (official name of Estonia: a country in northeastern Europe)


ラトヴィア共和国

ラトヴィア きょうわこく

ラトヴィア共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Ratovia Kyōwakoku)

ラトヴィア共和国 (canonical)
Ratovia Kyōwakoku (romanization)


リトアニア共和国

リトアニア きょうわこく

リトアニア共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Ritoania Kyōwakoku)

リトアニア共和国 (canonical)
Ritoania Kyōwakoku (romanization)

Republic of Lithuania
Republic of Lithuania#English:_Q37

Republic of Lithuania (official name of Lithuania: a country in northeastern Europe)


射手座

alternative spelling of いて座 (“Sagittarius”) (constellation)


創氏改名

創(そう)氏(し)改(かい)名(めい) • (Sōshi kaimei) ^(←さうしかいめい (Sausi kaimei)?)

創氏改名 (canonical)
Sōshi kaimei (romanization)
Sausi kaimei (romanization)
さうしかいめい (hiragana historical)

(historical) A 1939 Japanese government policy applied to then Korean colony which forced Koreans to change their surnames to Japanese-style surnames; abolished in 1945.


パンジャブ語

パンジャブ語 (canonical)
Panjabugo (romanization)

[pã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑa̠bɯ̟ɡo̞]

パンジャブ (Panjabu, “Punjab”) + 語 (-go, “language”)


シンド語

シンド語 (canonical)
Shindogo (romanization)


西安

Xi'an (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Shaanxi, in central China)


大連

→ English: Dairen

Dalian (a major subprovincial city of Liaoning, in northeastern China)


蘭州

Lanzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Gansu, in northwestern China)


太原

Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)


スワヒリ語

スワヒリ語 (canonical)
Suwahirigo (romanization)


パシュトー語

パシュトー語 (canonical)
Pashutōgo (romanization)

Pashto (official language of Afghanistan)


ドロテア

A transliteration of the English female given name Dorothea


アップル

[a̠p̚pɯ̟ɾɯ̟]


ボヴリル

Bovuriru (romanization)
ボブリル (alternative)


ボブリル

Boburiru (romanization)
ボヴリル (alternative)


ボルボ

Borubo (romanization)
ヴォルヴォ (alternative)


ロレックス

[ɾo̞ɾe̞k̚kɯ̟sɨ]


リナクス

リナックス リナックス#Japanese


法輪功

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 法輪功 /法轮功 (Fǎlún Gōng).


法輪功

ja-pos

法輪功(ファールンゴン) • (Fārungon)

Borrowing from Mandarin 法輪功／法轮功 (Fǎlún Gōng).

zh-l

法輪功／法轮功 (Fǎlún Gōng)


法輪大法

法輪大法 (canonical)
Hōrindaihō (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 法輪大法 /法轮大法 (Fǎlún Dàfǎ).


墨西哥

墨西哥 (canonical)
Mekishiko (romanization)

Borrowed from English Mexico, in turn from Spanish México, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco. The kanji are ateji (当て字), from Chinese 墨西哥 (Mòxīgē).

obsolete spelling of メキシコ (= Mexico): a country in North America


ブラジリア

[bɯ̟ɾa̠ʑiɾʲia̠]

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; the capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


正義

ja:正義
ja:正義 (タロット)


正義

ja:正義
ja:正義 (タロット)


ガザ

2023 November 29, “ガザの現実を伝える2人「報道し続けることは私たちの義務」”, in NHK国際ニューズナビ, retrieved 2023-12-13:

NHK のガザ事務所は 2人のジャーナリストによって支えられている。プロデューサーのムハンマド・シェハダとカメラマンのサラーム・アブタホンだ。10年以上も現地からの報道を一身に担ってきた。

Enuetchikē no gaza jimusho wa futari no jānarisuto ni yotte sasaerareteiru. Purodyūsā no muhanmado shehada to kameraman no sarāmu abutahon da. Jūnen ijō mo genchi kara no hōdō o isshin ni ninattekita.

This is supported based on two journalists from the NHK Gaza office. The two journalists are the producer, Muhammad Shehadeh, and the cameraman, Salam (unknown name). They had handled themselves in the news report since over 10 years.

Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ガザ


女書

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 女書 /女书 (Nǚshū, literally “women's script”).

(historical) Nüshu (syllabic script which was used exclusively among the ethnic Yao women of Jiangyong, Hunan, China)


女書

ja-pos

女書(にゅうしゅ) or 女書(ニュウシュ) • (Nyūshu)

女書 (canonical)
女書 (canonical)
Nyūshu (romanization)

Borrowed from Mandarin 女書 /女书 (Nǚshū, literally “women's script”).


イスラマバード

Islamabad (the capital city of Pakistan)


フリウリ語

フリウリ語 (canonical)
Furiurigo (romanization)


バーバ・ヤーガ

ja-pos

バーバ・ヤーガ • (Bāba Yāga)

From Proto-Slavic *baba ęga (literally “hag of terror”) via Russian Ба́ба-Яга́ (Bába-Jagá).


フェラ

A transliteration of the French surname Férat or Ferrat

A transliteration of the Italian surname Ferra

A transliteration of the Yoruba male given name Fela


タガログ語

タガログ語 (canonical)
Tagarogugo (romanization)


遠東

Compound of 遠(えん) (en, “far”) + 東(とう) (tō, “east”), calque of English Far East.

(rare) Far East (a geographical region of Asia, consisting of East Asia (Korea, Japan, China, the Russian Far East, etc.) and Southeast Asia, taken as a whole)


日本語能力試験

ja-pos

にほんご のうりょく しけん

日(に)本(ほん)語(ご)能(のう)力(りょく)試(し)験(けん) • (Nihongo Nōryoku Shiken)

日本語能力試験 (canonical)
Nihongo Nōryoku Shiken (romanization)

Compound of 日本語 (Nihongo, “Japanese language”) + 能力 (nōryoku, “ability”) + 試験 (shiken, “test”).

compound

にほんごのうりょくしけん

Japanese Language Proficiency Test, JLPT.


スウェーデン語

スウェーデン語 (canonical)
Suwēdengo (romanization)


日本銀行

ja-pos

日本銀行(にっぽんぎんこう) • (Nippon Ginkō) ^(←にっぽんぎんかう (Nipponginkau)?)

日本銀行 (canonical)
Nippon Ginkō (romanization)
Nipponginkau (romanization)
にっぽんぎんかう (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟ip̚po̞ŋʲ ɡʲĩŋko̞ː]

Compound of 日本 (Nippon, “Japan”) + 銀行 (ginkō, “bank”).
The Nippon reading for 日本 here is part of the official name of the bank.

compound

Often abbreviated in English as BOJ.

日本銀行券

Bank of Japan note, Bank of Japan bank note


日本銀行

ja-pos

日本銀行(にほんぎんこう) • (Nihon Ginkō) ^(←にほんぎんかう (Nifonginkau)?)

日本銀行 (canonical)
Nihon Ginkō (romanization)
Nifonginkau (romanization)
にほんぎんかう (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟iho̞ŋʲ ɡʲĩŋko̞ː]

Alternate reading. The Nihon reading for 日本 here is less common.


憲兵隊

憲兵隊 (canonical)
Kenpeitai (romanization)

the Kenpeitai, Japan's military police and secret police force from 1881 to 1945


一代

一代(いちしろ) or 一(いち)代(だい) or 一代(いちよ) or 一代(かずしろ) or 一代(かずよ) • (Ichishiro or Ichidai or Ichiyo or Kazushiro or Kazuyo)

一代 (canonical)
一代 (canonical)
一代 (canonical)
一代 (canonical)
一代 (canonical)
Ichishiro (romanization)
Ichidai (romanization)
Ichiyo (romanization)
Kazushiro (romanization)
Kazuyo (romanization)


瑪瑙

瑪瑙 (canonical)
Menō (romanization)
Menau (romanization)
めなう (hiragana historical)

/menau/ → /menɔː/ → /menoː/
First attested in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).
From Middle Chinese 瑪瑙 (MC maeX nawX).


世尊

From Middle Chinese 世尊 (MC syejH tswon), itself a translation of Sanskrit भगवत् (bhagavat, “deity”), or Pali bhagavā.

...爾時。持地菩薩。即従座起。前白仏言。世尊。若有衆生。聞是観世音菩薩品。自在之業。普門示現。神通力者当知是人。功徳不少...

Then the Bodhisattva Earth Holder rose from his seat, went before the Buddha, and said to him: "World-Honored One, if any living being hears this Bodhisattva Regarder of the Cries of the World chapter, hears of the freedom of his actions and the divine power of the revelation of the universal gateway, it should be known that this person's blessings are not few."

...ni ji, Jiji Bosatsu, soku ju za ki, zen byaku Butsu gon. Seson, nyaku u shujō, mon ze Kanzeon Bosatsu hon, jizai shi gō, fumon jigen, jinzū rikisha tō chi ze nin, kudoku fu-shō...

(Buddhism) the World-Honored One, an honorific name for the Gautama Buddha


三国

Mount Mikuni (a mountain in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


中庸

中(ちゅう)庸(よう) • (Chūyō)

Four Books
w:Four Books and Five Classics

the Doctrine of the Mean (one of the Four Books (四(し)書(しょ) (shisho)) of Confucianism)


聖靈

Kyūjitai form of 聖霊: Holy Spirit; Holy Ghost


聖霊

(Christianity, Judaism, Islam) the Holy Spirit; the Holy Ghost


ハリストス

(Christianity) Christ (the messiah who was named Jesus)


ユーリア

ユーリア • (Yūria)

A transliteration of the Latin female given name Iūlia or any of its variants in the European languages.


フィオナ

A transliteration of the English female given name Fiona


十八番

十八番 (canonical)
Jūhachiban (romanization)

[d͡ʑɨːha̠t͡ɕibã̠ɴ]


印度洋

印度洋(インドよう) • (Indoyō)

From Chinese 印度洋 (Yìndùyáng). 印度 is ateji (当て字).


月見里

月見里 (canonical)
Yamanashi (romanization)

Unknown. The kanji spelling appears to be ateji, which would normally be read as tsukimi sato (literally “moon viewing village”).
One possible derivation suggests that this comes from an old alternate name for the village of Yamanashi in Shizuoka Prefecture (spelled 山梨; annexed into the city of Fukuroi in 1963), such that the old spelling was used for the new name. However, this explanation is probably apocryphal.
An alternative explanation is that the spelling is an old pun. The area around Yamanashi village is relatively flat, and the story goes that the reading yama nashi originally meant 山 (yama, “mountains”) + 無し (nashi, “without, lacking, none”). The spelling 月見里 apparently was in reference to the unobstructed view of the moon. There is also a line from the epitaph of early Heian-period noh playwright Tachibana no Hayanari that uses this spelling and reading, and the sense of “unobstructed view of the moon”:
:都(みやこ)をば今(いま)は遥(はる)かに遠江(とほたふみ)月(つき)の隈(くま)なき月見里(やまなし)の郷(さと)
miyako o ba ima wa haruka ni Tōtōmi tsuki no kuma naki Yamanashi no sato
Leaving the city now far behind to the village of Yamanashi in Tōtōmi province, with nothing to shade the moon.

ja-usex

都をば今は遥かに遠江%月の隈なき月見里の郷

みやこ を ば いま は はるか に ^とほたふみ% つき の くま なき ^やまなし の さと


月見里

月見里 (canonical)
Tsukimisato (romanization)

Appears to be a straightforward compound of 月見 (tsukimi, “moon viewing”) + 里 (sato, “village”).


ウランバートル

[ɯ̟ɾã̠mba̠ːto̞ɾɯ̟]

Ulaanbaatar (the capital city of Mongolia)


平壌

[pʲõ̞ɰ̃jã̠ɴ]

Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)


平壌

ja-pos

平(へい)壌(じょう) • (Heijō) ^(←へいじやう (Feizyau)?)

平壌 (canonical)
Heijō (romanization)
Feizyau (romanization)
へいじやう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 평양(平壤) (Pyeong'yang).

obor

1929, Kōsaku Hamada, Hakubutsukan [The Museum]:

Especially, the place where the government office of the Lelang Commandery was located was on the other side of the Taedong River, south of today's Pyongyang, where there are also remains of old ramparts, and officials sent from China stayed there and ruled Korea.

ことに樂浪郡の役所のあつたところは、今日の平壤の南、大同江の向う岸にあつて、古い城壁のあともありますが、支那から派遣せられた役人がこゝに留まつて朝鮮を治めてゐたのであります。

Koto ni Rakurō-gun no yakusho no atta tokoro wa, konnichi no Heijō no minami, Daidō-kō no mukō-gishi ni atte, furui jōheki no ato mo arimasu ga, Shina kara haken serareta yakunin ga koko ni todomatte Chōsen o osamete ita no de arimasu.

(dated) Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)


ハノイ

Hanoi (a city, the capital city of Vietnam)


プノンペン

[pɯ̟nõ̞mpẽ̞ɴ]


ビエンチャン

[bʲiẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕã̠ɴ]

ヴィエンチャン ヴィエンチャン#Japanese


ヴィエンチャン

[bʲiẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕã̠ɴ]

From French Vientiane, from Lao ວຽງຈັນ (wīang chan).


マニラ

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)


西蔵

西蔵 (canonical)
Seizō (romanization)
Seizau (romanization)
せいざう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 西藏 (Xīzàng)

(rare) synonym of チベット (Chibetto, “Tibet”); Xizang


西蔵

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 西藏 (Xīzàng)


四月一日

四月一日 (canonical)
Watanuki (romanization)


リスボン

Iberian Peninsula
Iberian Peninsula#English

Lisbon (a port city on the Iberian Peninsula, at the mouth of the Tagus River on the Atlantic Ocean; the capital city of Portugal)


コロンボ

Colombo (the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka)


ビシュケク

Bishkek (the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


ディエゴ

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Diego


青島

Qingdao (a subprovincial city in eastern Shandong, in eastern China)


武漢

Wuhan (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Hubei, China)


重慶

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 重慶 /重庆 (chóngqìng).

Chongqing (a direct-administered municipality and city in western China)


重慶

Borrowed from Mandarin 重慶 /重庆 (chóngqìng).


ポーレット

A transliteration of the English female given name Paulette


ツール

ツール・ド・フランス ツール・ド・フランス#Japanese


廣西

Kyūjitai form of 広西: Guangxi (a Zhuang autonomous region of China)


貴州

Guizhou (a province in southwestern China)


海口

Haikou (the capital city of Hainan, China)


長春

Changchun (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Jilin, in northeastern China)


昆明

Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China)


瀋陽

Shenyang (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Liaoning, China)


成都

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 成都 (Chéngdū).

Chengdu (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Sichuan, in southwestern China)


合肥

Hefei (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Anhui, China)


鄭州

Zhengzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Henan, in central China)


トビリシ

Tbilisi (the capital city of the country of Georgia)


バクー

ja-pos

バクー • (Bakū)


維也納

維也納(ウィーン) • (Wīn)

obsolete spelling of ウィーン (= Vienna): the capital city of Austria


フェロー諸島

フェロー諸島 (canonical)
Ferō-shotō (romanization)

Faroe Islands
Faroe Islands#English:_Q4628

Faroe Islands (an archipelago and self-governing autonomous territory of Denmark, in the North Atlantic Ocean between Scotland and Iceland)


天安門

天安門 (canonical)
Ten'anmon (romanization)

[tẽ̞ɰ̃ã̠mːõ̞ɴ]


嫦娥

嫦娥 (canonical)
Jōga (romanization)
Zyauga (romanization)
じやうが (hiragana historical)

/d͡ʑjauɡa/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡa/ → /d͡ʑoːɡa/
From Middle Chinese 嫦娥 (MC dzyang nga, “Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon”).
The 呉音 (goon) pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.
First cited in Japanese to a text from 827.

ltc-l

(Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon


黒竜江

黒竜江 (canonical)
Kokuryūkō (romanization)

[ko̞kɯ̟ɾʲɨːko̞ː]

Heilongjiang (a province in northeastern China)


広州

ja-pos

広(こう)州(しゅう) • (Kōshū)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 廣州 /广州 (Guǎngzhōu).

obor

Guangzhou (the capital and largest city of Guangdong, China)


柏木

the thirty-sixth chapter of The Tale of Genji


芭蕉

芭蕉 (canonical)
Bashō (romanization)
Baseu (romanization)
ばせう (hiragana historical)

/baseu/ → /baɕeu/ → /baɕoː/
Possibly from Middle Chinese 芭蕉 (MC pae tsjew).
Written as はせを (pasewo → hasewo → haseo) in older texts.

short for 松尾芭蕉 (Matsuo Bashō): Edo-period haikai and haiku poet


金剛

金剛 (canonical)
Kongō (romanization)
Kongau (romanization)
こんがう (hiragana historical)

/komʉ kau/ → /koŋɡau/ → /koŋɡɔː/ → /koŋɡoː/
From Middle Chinese 金剛 (MC kim kang), itself a translation of Sanskrit वज्र (vajra, “diamond, adamant; thunderbolt”).
Compare modern Cantonese 金剛 /金刚 (gam¹ gong¹).

der

(theater) short for 金剛流 (Kongō-ryū): a leading school of noh

Kongō-class battlecruiser
w:Kongō-class battlecruiser

(historical) a class of battlecruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy built before World War I, see Kongō-class battlecruiser on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Japanese battleship Kongō
w:Japanese battleship Kongō

(historical) the lead ship of her class, which was rebuilt into a battleship in 1929, see Japanese battleship Kongō on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

a surname, especially used by masters of the Kongō-ryū


安保理

安全保障理事会 安全保障理事会#Japanese

国連安保理 国連安保理#Japanese

syllabic abbreviation of 安全保障理事会 (Anzen Hoshō Rijikai, “Security Council”); ellipsis of 国連安保理 (Kokuren Anpori, “UN Security Council”)


安全保障理事会

ja-pos

あんぜん ほしょう りじかい

^あんぜん ^ほしゃう ^りじくゎい

安(あん)全(ぜん)保(ほ)障(しょう)理(り)事(じ)会(かい) • (Anzen Hoshō Rijikai) ^(←あんぜんほしゃうりじくゎい (Anzen Fosyau Rizikwai)?)

安全保障理事会 (canonical)
Anzen Hoshō Rijikai (romanization)
Anzen Fosyau Rizikwai (romanization)
あんぜんほしゃうりじくゎい (hiragana historical)

あんぜんほしょーりじかい

[ã̠nd͡ze̞ɰ̃ ho̞ɕo̞ː ɾʲiʑika̠i]

1998 May 8, Kenshi Hirokane, “議(ぎ)その147(ひゃくよんじゅうなな) 「膠着状態(デッドロック)」 [Debate 147: ‘Deadlock’]”, in 加治隆介の議 [Kaji Ryūsuke’s Debates], volume 18 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, →ISBN, page 17:

Contact the UN headquarters and convene the Security Council! Regardless of the terrorists’ nationality, if the ship is verified to be heading toward North Korea, we must get approval to use force.

国連本部に連絡して安全保障理事会を召集しろ！テロリストの国籍にかかわらず船が北朝鮮に向かうことが確実になれば武力行使の同意をとらなければならない

Kokuren honbu ni renraku shite Anzen Hoshō Rijikai o shōshū shiro! Terorisuto no kokuseki ni kakawarazu fune ga Kita-Chōsen ni mukau koto ga kakujitsu ni nareba buryoku kōshi no dōi o toranakere ba naranai

国際連合安全保障理事会 国際連合安全保障理事会#Japanese

United Nations Security Council
United Nations Security Council

国連安全保障理事会 国連安全保障理事会#Japanese

ellipsis of 国際連合安全保障理事会 (Kokusai Rengō Anzen Hoshō Rijikai, “United Nations Security Council”) or 国連安全保障理事会 (Kokuren Anzen Hoshō Rijikai, “UN Security Council”): the Security Council


国連安保理

国(こく)連(れん)安(あん)保(ぽ)理(り) • (Kokuren Anpori)

国連安保理 (canonical)
Kokuren Anpori (romanization)

国連 (“UN”) + 安保理 (“Security Council”)
連 is a daiyōji replacing 聯.

国際連合安全保障理事会 国際連合安全保障理事会#Japanese

国連安全保障理事会 国連安全保障理事会#Japanese

clipping of 国際連合安全保障理事会 (Kokusai Rengō Anzen Hoshō Rijikai) or 国連安全保障理事会 (Kokuren Anzen Hoshō Rijikai, “United Nations Security Council”): the UN Security Council


国連安全保障理事会

こくれん あんぜん ほしょう りじかい

こくれん あんぜん ほしゃう りじくゎい

国(こく)連(れん)安(あん)全(ぜん)保(ほ)障(しょう)理(り)事(じ)会(かい) • (Kokuren Anzen Hoshō Rijikai) ^(←こくれんあんぜんほしゃうりじくゎい (Kokuren Anzen Fosyau Rizikwai)?)

国連安全保障理事会 (canonical)
Kokuren Anzen Hoshō Rijikai (romanization)
Kokuren Anzen Fosyau Rizikwai (romanization)
こくれんあんぜんほしゃうりじくゎい (hiragana historical)

国連 (“UN”) + 安全保障理事会 (“Security Council”)
連 is a daiyōji replacing 聯.

af

こくれんあんぜんほしょうりじかい

ja-daiyouji

こくれんあんぜんほしょうりじかい

国際連合安全保障理事会 国際連合安全保障理事会#Japanese

clipping of 国際連合安全保障理事会 (Kokusai Rengō Anzen Hoshō Rijikai, “United Nations Security Council”); the UN Security Council


克明

ja-pos

克(かつ)明(あき) or 克(よし)明(あき) • (Katsuaki or Yoshiaki)

克明 (canonical)
克明 (canonical)
Katsuaki (romanization)
Yoshiaki (romanization)


明朝

明(みん)朝(ちょう) • (Minchō) ^(←みんてう (Minteu)?)

明朝 (canonical)
Minchō (romanization)
Minteu (romanization)
みんてう (hiragana historical)

[mʲĩɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]


神州

神州不滅

Immortal Country of Gods (World War II propaganda slogan)


中共

中(ちゅう)共(きょう) • (Chūkyō)

[t͡ɕɨːkʲo̞ː]

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(before the PRC and Japan formally established diplomatic relations in 1972) People's Republic of China, Red China

中国共産党 中国共産党#Japanese


正規

正(まさ)規(のり) or 正(まさ)規(き) • (Masanori or Masaki)

正規 (canonical)
正規 (canonical)
Masanori (romanization)
Masaki (romanization)


ドナルドダック

Donald Duck (one of the Disney characters)


中歐

中(ちゅう)歐(おう) • (Chūō)

Central Europe
Central Europe#English:_Q27509

Kyūjitai form of 中欧: Central Europe (a geographic region in the center of Europe, usually including Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia and Germany)


北歐

Northern Europe
Northern Europe#English:_Q27479

Kyūjitai form of 北欧: Northern Europe (a sociopolitical region of Europe including such countries as Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania)


故宮

台北故宮博物院


かすか

かす (kasu, the root of verbs 擦る (kasuru), 霞む (kasumu), and 掠める (kasumeru)) + か (-ka, a non-productive suffix used in adjectives)


屋敷

From 屋(や) (ya, “house”) + 敷(しき) (shiki, “building site”, short for 敷(しき)地(ち) (shikichi)).


本草綱目

ja-pos

本(ほん)草(ぞう)綱(こう)目(もく) • (Honzō Kōmoku) ^(←ほんざうかうもく (Fonzaukaumoku)?)

本草綱目 (canonical)
Honzō Kōmoku (romanization)
Fonzaukaumoku (romanization)
ほんざうかうもく (hiragana historical)


正史

正(まさ)史(ふみ) or 正(まさ)史(し) • (Masafumi or Masashi)

正史 (canonical)
正史 (canonical)
Masafumi (romanization)
Masashi (romanization)


勢至

short for 勢至菩薩 (Seishi Bosatsu): Mahasthamaprapta bodhisattva


勢至菩薩

勢至菩薩 (canonical)
Seishi Bosatsu (romanization)

(Buddhism) Mahasthamaprapta, the bodhisattva of wisdom and strength


半藤

半藤 (canonical)
Hantō (romanization)
Fantou (romanization)
はんとう (hiragana historical)


菖蒲

Shift in meaning from 漢女 (ayame), a compound of 漢 (aya, “Chinese”, appears in ancient clan names referring to very early Chinese immigrants to Japan) + 女 (me, “woman”), in reference to the earliest producers of textiles as a metaphor for the colorful patterns of the flowers.


ニューギニアとう

ja-pos

^ニュー ^ギニア-とう

ニューギニアとう • (Nyū Ginia-tō)

ニューギニア島 ニューギニア島#Japanese


邯鄲

(historical) Handan (capital of the State of Zhao during the Warring States period, in present-day Handan City)

Handan (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


警察庁

警察庁 (canonical)
keisatsuchō (romanization)

[ke̞ːsa̠t͡sɨ̥t͡ɕo̞ː]


大震災

大震災 (canonical)
Daishinsai (romanization)

関東大震災 関東大震災#Japanese


だいしんさい

関東大震災 関東大震災#Japanese


関東大震災

関(かん)東(とう)大(だい)震(しん)災(さい) • (Kantō Daishinsai)

関東大震災 (canonical)
Kantō Daishinsai (romanization)


震災

関東大震災 関東大震災#Japanese


気象庁

気象庁 (canonical)
Kishō-chō (romanization)

気(き)象(しょう) (kishō, “weather”) + 庁(ちょう) (-chō, “agency”)


東電

東京電力 w:ja:東京電力

short for 東京電力 (Tōkyō Denryoku, “Tokyo Electric Power Company”)


味の素

ja-pos

味(あじ)の素(もと) • (Ajinomoto) ^(←あぢのもと (Adinomoto)?)

味の素 (canonical)
Ajinomoto (romanization)
Adinomoto (romanization)
あぢのもと (hiragana historical)

→ Amis: acinomoto

→ Bunun: azinamutu

→ Chinese: 味之素 (wèizhīsù), 味素 (wèisù)

→ English: ajinomoto

→ Kanakanabu: 'acinamoto

→ Korean: 아지노모토 (Ajinomoto)

→ Paiwan: 'azinumutu

→ Rukai: azinumutu

→ Taroko: ajimoto

desc

ꤤ꤬ꤞꤝꤤꤞꤥ꤭ꤚꤥ꤭ꤗꤢꤦ꤬

→ Western Kayah: ꤤ꤬ꤞꤝꤤꤞꤥ꤭ꤚꤥ꤭ꤗꤢꤦ꤬ (ìthwithōrōmùe)

Coined by Kikunae Ikeda in c. 1908, replacing 味精 (misei).
Literally the "essence of taste".

a Japanese company that mainly produces food seasonings and other additives

monosodium glutamate
monosodium glutamate

trademarked product name for monosodium glutamate


あじのもと

味の素: Japanese company that mainly produces food seasonings and other additives; trade name for monosodium glutamate held by Ajinomoto


東日本大震災

ja-pos

ひがし にほん だいしんさい

東(ひがし)日(に)本(ほん)大(だい)震(しん)災(さい) • (Higashi Nihon Daishinsai)

東日本大震災 (canonical)
Higashi Nihon Daishinsai (romanization)

東日本 (“Eastern Japan”) + 大震災 (“great earthquake disaster”)

compound

ひがしにほんだいしんさい

The Great Eastern Japan Earthquake, the earthquake and tsunami that hit Eastern Japan on March 11, 2011


ナホトカ

Nakhodka (a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia)


ユジノサハリンスク

ja:ユジノサハリンスク


春秋

[ɕɨ̃ɲ̟d͡ʑɨː]

From Middle Chinese compound 春秋 (MC tsyhwin tshjuw, literally “spring and autumn”). The kan'on, so probably a shift in reading after initial borrowing.


和子

ja-pos

和(かず)子(こ) or 和(かず)子(み) • (Kazuko or Kazumi)

和子 (canonical)
和子 (canonical)
Kazuko (romanization)
Kazumi (romanization)


いちょう

いちょう • (Ichō)


テラ

(Roman mythology) Terra, the Roman counterpart of Gaia/Gaea, Greek goddess of the earth.


ツイッター

(Internet) Twitter (a social-networking website)


みちお

道雄, 道夫, 道生, 道郎, 通雄, 道男, 路生, 陸男: a male given name

道生, 路央, 道緒, 三智夫, 美智男, 実智生, 美智生, 三千緒, 美智夫: a male given name

美智雄, 三千男, 三千生, 三千雄, 未地生, 美千雄, 三知男, 三知生: a male given name


薬師

Translation of Sanskrit भैषज्यगुरु (Bhaiṣajyaguru, literally “medicine master”).

der

short for 薬師如来 (Yakushi Nyorai): Bhaiṣajyaguru-tathāgata


はやぶさ

English: Hayabusa

はやぶさ (列車) on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ʲᵃ

Hayabusa (train) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

はやぶさ (探査機) on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ʲᵃ

Hayabusa (spacecraft) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia


かわぎし

From 川(かわ) (kawa, “river; stream; brook”) + 岸(きし) (kishi, “shore; bank; coast”). The kishi changes to gishi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


しせいどう

資生堂: Shiseido, a Japanese cosmetics company


日立

The name of various places, titles, and companies in Japan.

Hitachi (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)

Hitachi Province, a former region in Japan, roughly equivalent to modern-day Ibaraki prefecture

an imperial title, granted to Prince Hitachi and Princess Hitachi


たろう

ja-pos

たろう • (Tarō)

太郎, 多朗, 多郎, 大郎, 太良, 太朗: a male given name


英智

英(えい)智(ち) or 英(ひで)智(とし) or 英(ひで)智(とも) or 英智(ひでのり) • (Eichi or Hidetoshi or Hidetomo or Hidenori)

英智 (canonical)
英智 (canonical)
英智 (canonical)
英智 (canonical)
Eichi (romanization)
Hidetoshi (romanization)
Hidetomo (romanization)
Hidenori (romanization)


ロシアれんぽう

ロシア連邦 ロシア連邦#Japanese


シャーロット

A transliteration of the English female given name Charlotte


ほっかいどう

北海道: Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan


ひたき

Compound of 日 (hi, “sun”) + 滝 (taki, “waterfall”).


太陰

From Middle Chinese 太陰 (thajᴴ 'im). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

clipping of 太陰神 (Taionjin): goddess of the moon and one of the eight central gods in the Onmyōdō religion


太陰

Sound shift from Taion above, replacing the standard goon and kan'on reading of tai for 太 with the kan'yōon of dai. Probably influenced by the dai reading of the character 大, which is also sometimes used to spell this name, as seen in the illustration at right.

clipping of 太陰神 (Daionjin): goddess of the moon and one of the eight central gods in the Onmyōdō religion


こくさいたんいけい

国際単位系 国際単位系#Japanese

International System of Units
International System of Units

国際単位系: the International System of Units


そうべつ

壮瞥: a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan


ひろし

Various theories, the most common being a nominalization of classical adjective 広し (hiroshi), modern 広い (hiroi, “spacious, vast, wide”).

宇, 宇志, 宇宙, 演, 央, 旺之, 嘉嗣, 恢: a male given name

海, 海史, 拡, 拡司, 拡史, 郭志, 郭之, 完: a male given name

寛, 寛開, 寛司, 寛史, 寛士, 寛志, 寛旨, 巨: a male given name

巨士, 啓, 啓司, 啓史, 啓志, 啓至, 啓示, 啓仁: a male given name

啓之, 慶司, 敬, 敬史, 敬之, 賢, 湖, 光: a male given name

光志, 公, 公司, 厚, 宏, 宏司, 宏史, 宏士: a male given name

宏志, 宏至, 宏而, 宏守, 宏之, 広, 広司, 広史: a male given name

広士, 広志, 広氏, 広詞, 広治, 広知, 広之, 弘: a male given name

弘司, 弘史, 弘嗣, 弘士, 弘始, 弘志, 弘氏, 弘至: a male given name

弘視, 弘詞, 弘資, 弘之, 弘熈, 洪, 浩, 浩哉: a male given name

浩司, 浩史, 浩嗣, 浩士, 浩志, 浩至, 浩資, 浩滋: a male given name

浩之, 紘, 紘史, 紘士, 紘志, 紘偲, 衡志, 鉱: a male given name

鴻, 史, 周史, 周市, 周志, 宗志, 淳, 潤: a male given name

恕, 伸, 仁, 仁市, 尋, 尋史, 尋之, 碩: a male given name

碩志, 泰, 泰司, 泰史, 泰志, 泰資, 大, 大弘: a male given name

大司, 大史, 大士, 大志, 大智, 大嗣, 拓史, 拓士: a male given name

拓志, 拓之, 坦, 誕, 宙, 宙史, 哲, 天: a male given name

日呂志, 日露史, 博, 博己, 博司, 博史, 博嗣, 博四: a male given name

博士, 博志, 博至, 博視, 博詞, 博資, 博慈, 博次: a male given name

博磁, 博是, 博二, 博之, 漠, 莫, 氾, 汎: a male given name

汎司, 汎士, 比呂司, 比呂史, 比呂志, 比呂詞, 比呂詩, 比呂之: a male given name

比露志, 比露思, 緋禄司, 浜, 普, 平, 豊, 末: a male given name

弥, 弥志, 優, 宥, 祐, 祐志, 裕, 裕康: a male given name

裕司, 裕史, 裕嗣, 裕士, 裕志, 裕詞, 裕資, 裕主: a male given name

裕之, 容, 容史, 洋, 洋司, 洋史, 洋四, 洋志: a male given name

洋旨, 洋資, 洋之, 陽, 陽史, 律, 礼, 礼之: a male given name

亙, 亘, 侑, 倬, 廣, 廣志, 愿, 愽: a male given name

慱司, 敞, 昊, 晧, 晧志, 曠, 昿, 汪: a male given name

泱, 泛, 衍, 洽, 洸, 滉, 溥, 煕: a male given name

煕史, 熈, 皓, 皓士, 絋志, 綽, 豁: a male given name


鮮卑

Xianbei (group of northern nomadic peoples)


いとう

伊東: a place in the east of the Izu Peninsula in Shizuoka Prefecture, known for its hot springs


石見

石見 (canonical)
Iwami (romanization)
Ifami (romanization)
いはみ (hiragana historical)

Iwami Province, an old province of Japan


高木

高木正雄

Takagi Masao (Japanese name of Park Chung Hee)


財務省

財務 (“financial affairs”) + 省 (“ministry”)

af

(government, finance) the Ministry of Finance


ネズミーランド

Blend of ネズミ (nezumi, “mouse; rat”) + ディズニーランド (Dizunīrando, “Disneyland”), attributed to 2ch users.

blend

ちなみにどうでもいいことなんですが、ディ○ニーは妙に著作権にウルサイところのようです。検索でヒットしたりして載ってる画像に対してイチャモン付けられたらイヤなので、ここではあえて２ｃｈ風に「ネズミーランド」等と呼称します。単にオフィシャル商品の画像を載せているだけなんですがねぇ。

2004, 東京ネズミーＰＣの制作 その１, retrieved 2025-04-12:

ディズニーランド ディズニーランド#Japanese

(slang) synonym of ディズニーランド (Dizunīrando, “Disneyland”)


そうしょ

ja-pos

そうしょ • (Sōsho)

宋書: the Book of Song, a history of the Liu Song Dynasty of China


ほり

Japanese pronunciation of the Taiwanese town 埔里 (Pǔlǐ)


遠江

遠(とお)江(とうみ) • (Tōtōmi) ^(←とほたふみ (Tofotafumi)?)

遠江 (canonical)
Tōtōmi (romanization)
Tofotafumi (romanization)
とほたふみ (hiragana historical)

⟨to₂po tu apa umi₁⟩ → */təpo tu apa umij/ → ⟨to₂po tu apumi₁⟩ → */topotapumi/ → */towotawumi/ → */toːtɔːmi/ → /toːtoːmi/
Originally from Old Japanese 遠淡海国 (To₂po tu apa umi no₂ kuni, “To₂potuapaumi Province”), where 遠淡海 (to₂po tu apa umi) literally means "far freshwater lake"; a compound of 遠 (to₂po, “far, distant”) + つ (tu, “genitive or possessive marker”) + 淡 (apa, “faint, light, tasteless”) + 海 (umi, “sea, lake”) (compare modern Japanese reflexes 遠(とお) (tō), 淡(あわ)い (awai), 海(うみ) (umi)). The resulting vowel clusters /-tua-/ and /-pau-/ were reduced into /-ta-/ and /-pu-/ and the word went through regular sound shifts from Old Japanese to Modern Japanese, resulting in its modern form.
The intermediate form 等保都安布美 (to₂po tu apumi₁) was recorded in Man'yōshu Book 14, poem 3429.
See the etymology of 近江(おうみ) (ōmi) and 淡海(おうみ) (ōmi) for more details.

ja-r

近江(おうみ) (ōmi)

淡海(おうみ) (ōmi)

(historical) Tōtōmi Province, present-day western part of Shizuoka prefecture


信介

ja-pos

信(しん)介(すけ) or 信(のぶ)介(すけ) • (Shinsuke or Nobusuke)

信介 (canonical)
信介 (canonical)
Shinsuke (romanization)
Nobusuke (romanization)


健人

健(はや)人(と) or 健(けん)人(と) or 健(たけ)人(ひと) • (Hayato or Kento or Takehito)

健人 (canonical)
健人 (canonical)
健人 (canonical)
Hayato (romanization)
Kento (romanization)
Takehito (romanization)


昌司

昌(しょう)司(じ) or 昌(まさ)司(し) • (Shōji or Masashi)

昌司 (canonical)
昌司 (canonical)
Shōji (romanization)
Masashi (romanization)


幸平

幸(こう)平(へい) or 幸(ゆき)平(ひら) • (Kōhei or Yukihira)

幸平 (canonical)
幸平 (canonical)
Kōhei (romanization)
Yukihira (romanization)


利一

利(とし)一(かず) or 利(り)一(いち) • (Toshikazu or Riichi)

利一 (canonical)
利一 (canonical)
Toshikazu (romanization)
Riichi (romanization)


弘和

the Kōwa era, 1381–1384 by the Southern Court reckoning

至徳

eras contemporary to Kōwa (Northern Court reckoning)


昌也

昌(まさ)也(や) or 昌(よし)也(や) • (Masaya or Yoshiya)

昌也 (canonical)
昌也 (canonical)
Masaya (romanization)
Yoshiya (romanization)


安司

安(やす)司(し) or 安(やす)司(じ) • (Yasushi or Yasuji)

安司 (canonical)
安司 (canonical)
Yasushi (romanization)
Yasuji (romanization)


正勝

正勝 (canonical)
Tadakatsu (romanization)
正勝 (canonical)
Masakatsu (romanization)


新三郎

新三郎 (canonical)
Shinzaburō (romanization)


正一

正一 (canonical)
Shōichi (romanization)
正一 (canonical)
Masaichi (romanization)


省三

省(しょう)三(ぞう) • (Shōzō)


和巳

和(かず)巳(み) or 和(なご)巳(み) • (Kazumi or Nagomi)

和巳 (canonical)
和巳 (canonical)
Kazumi (romanization)
Nagomi (romanization)


健一朗

健一朗 (canonical)
Ken'ichirō (romanization)


大昌

大(だい)昌(すけ) or 大(ひろ)昌(まさ) • (Daisuke or Hiromasa)

大昌 (canonical)
大昌 (canonical)
Daisuke (romanization)
Hiromasa (romanization)


浩一

浩(こう)一(いち) or 浩(ひろ)一(かず) • (Kōichi or Hirokazu)

浩一 (canonical)
浩一 (canonical)
Kōichi (romanization)
Hirokazu (romanization)


二郎

二(じ)郎(ろう) or 二(つぎ)郎(お) • (Jirō or Tsugio)

二郎 (canonical)
二郎 (canonical)
Jirō (romanization)
Tsugio (romanization)


高山

Takayama (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


勇人

勇(はや)人(と) or 勇(ゆう)人(と) • (Hayato or Yūto)

勇人 (canonical)
勇人 (canonical)
Hayato (romanization)
Yūto (romanization)


真史

真史(まさふみ) or 真史(まさし) • (Masafumi or Masashi)

真史 (canonical)
真史 (canonical)
Masafumi (romanization)
Masashi (romanization)


洋二郎

[jo̞ːʑiɾo̞ː]


浩司

浩(こう)司(じ) or 浩(ひろ)司(し) • (Kōji or Hiroshi)

浩司 (canonical)
浩司 (canonical)
Kōji (romanization)
Hiroshi (romanization)


智史

智(さと)史(し) or 智(とも)史(し) or 智史(ともちか) • (Satoshi or Tomoshi or Tomochika)

智史 (canonical)
智史 (canonical)
智史 (canonical)
Satoshi (romanization)
Tomoshi (romanization)
Tomochika (romanization)


幸一

幸(ゆき)一(いち) or 幸(こう)一(いち) or 幸一(ゆきかず) • (Yukiichi or Kōichi or Yukikazu)

幸一 (canonical)
幸一 (canonical)
幸一 (canonical)
Yukiichi (romanization)
Kōichi (romanization)
Yukikazu (romanization)


保裕

保(ひろ)裕(し) or 保(やす)裕(ひろ) • (Hiroshi or Yasuhiro)

保裕 (canonical)
保裕 (canonical)
Hiroshi (romanization)
Yasuhiro (romanization)


英司

英(えい)司(じ) or 英(ひで)司(し) or 英(ひで)司(じ) • (Eiji or Hideshi or Hideji)

英司 (canonical)
英司 (canonical)
英司 (canonical)
Eiji (romanization)
Hideshi (romanization)
Hideji (romanization)


宰之左

宰之左 (canonical)
Suzunosuke (romanization)


剛士

剛(つよ)士(し) or 剛(たか)士(し) or 剛(たけ)士(し) • (Tsuyoshi or Takashi or Takeshi)

剛士 (canonical)
剛士 (canonical)
剛士 (canonical)
Tsuyoshi (romanization)
Takashi (romanization)
Takeshi (romanization)


幸雄

幸雄 (canonical)
Yukio (romanization)
幸雄 (canonical)
Sachio (romanization)


耕三

耕(こう)三(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


正志

正(まさ)志(し) or 正(しょう)志(じ) • (Masashi or Shōji)

正志 (canonical)
正志 (canonical)
Masashi (romanization)
Shōji (romanization)


輝信

[te̞ɾɯ̟no̞bɯ̟]


昌弘

昌(まさ)弘(ひろ) or 昌(よし)弘(ひろ) • (Masahiro or Yoshihiro)

昌弘 (canonical)
昌弘 (canonical)
Masahiro (romanization)
Yoshihiro (romanization)


繁文

[ɕiɡe̞ɸɯ̟mʲi]


和人

和(かず)人(と) or 和(かず)人(ひと) • (Kazuto or Kazuhito)

和人 (canonical)
和人 (canonical)
Kazuto (romanization)
Kazuhito (romanization)


亮彦

[ɾʲo̞ːçiko̞]


幸三

幸(こう)三(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


明生

明生 (canonical)
Aoi (romanization)
Aofi (romanization)
あおひ (hiragana historical)


泰一

泰(ひろ)一(かず) or 泰(たい)一(いち) • (Hirokazu or Taiichi)

泰一 (canonical)
泰一 (canonical)
Hirokazu (romanization)
Taiichi (romanization)


大樹

大(たい)樹(き) or 大(だい)樹(き) or 大(ひろ)樹(き) • (Taiki or Daiki or Hiroki)

大樹 (canonical)
大樹 (canonical)
大樹 (canonical)
Taiki (romanization)
Daiki (romanization)
Hiroki (romanization)


寿光

寿光 (canonical)
Toshimitsu (romanization)


秀治

秀(ひで)治(はる) or 秀(しゅう)治(じ) • (Hideharu or Shūji)

秀治 (canonical)
秀治 (canonical)
Hideharu (romanization)
Shūji (romanization)


一郎

一(いち)郎(ろう) or 一(かず)郎(ろう) • (Ichirō or Kazurō)

一郎 (canonical)
一郎 (canonical)
Ichirō (romanization)
Kazurō (romanization)


敬章

敬(ひろ)章(あき) or 敬(たか)章(あき) • (Hiroaki or Takaaki)

敬章 (canonical)
敬章 (canonical)
Hiroaki (romanization)
Takaaki (romanization)


厚三

厚(こう)三(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


哲夫

哲(てつ)夫(お) or 哲(あき)夫(お) • (Tetsuo or Akio)

哲夫 (canonical)
哲夫 (canonical)
Tetsuo (romanization)
Akio (romanization)


伸治

伸(しん)治(じ) or 伸(のぶ)治(はる) • (Shinji or Nobuharu)

伸治 (canonical)
伸治 (canonical)
Shinji (romanization)
Nobuharu (romanization)


拓一

拓一 (canonical)
Takuichi (romanization)
拓一 (canonical)
Hirokazu (romanization)


淳平

[d͡ʑɨ̃mpe̞ː]


真澄

真澄 (canonical)
Masumi (romanization)
真澄 (canonical)
Mazumi (romanization)

Compound of 真(ま) (ma, “true”) + 澄(すみ) (sumi, “lucidity”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 澄む (sumu, “to become clear or transparent”).


真澄

ja-pos

真(しん)澄(ちょう) or 真(まさ)澄(すみ) or 真(まさ)澄(ずみ) • (Shinchō or Masasumi or Masazumi)

真澄 (canonical)
真澄 (canonical)
真澄 (canonical)
Shinchō (romanization)
Masasumi (romanization)
Masazumi (romanization)


慎之助

慎之助 (canonical)
Shinnosuke (romanization)


一成

一(いっ)成(せい) or 一(かず)成(なり) • (Issei or Kazunari)

一成 (canonical)
一成 (canonical)
Issei (romanization)
Kazunari (romanization)


広基

広(ひろ)基(き) or 広(ひろ)基(もと) • (Hiroki or Hiromoto)

広基 (canonical)
広基 (canonical)
Hiroki (romanization)
Hiromoto (romanization)


信夫

信夫 (canonical)
Shinobu (romanization)
信夫 (canonical)
Nobuo (romanization)

(history) a district of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan


尚史

尚(たか)史(ふみ) or 尚(ひさ)史(し) • (Takafumi or Hisashi)

尚史 (canonical)
尚史 (canonical)
Takafumi (romanization)
Hisashi (romanization)


統男

統男(もとお) • (Motō)


宏典

宏(ひろ)典(みち) or 宏(ひろ)典(のり) • (Hiromichi or Hironori)

宏典 (canonical)
宏典 (canonical)
Hiromichi (romanization)
Hironori (romanization)


球児

球児 (canonical)
Kyūji (romanization)
Kiuzi (romanization)
きうじ (hiragana historical)

藤川球児

Fujikawa Kyūji (pro baseball player who was coincidentally given this name at birth by his father)


啓史

啓(けい)史(じ) or 啓(ひろ)史(し) • (Keiji or Hiroshi)

啓史 (canonical)
啓史 (canonical)
Keiji (romanization)
Hiroshi (romanization)


寛和

寛和 (canonical)
Kanna (romanization)
Kan'wa (romanization)
かんわ (hiragana historical)

The wa changes to na as an instance of renjō (連声).


大貴

ja-pos

大(だい)貴(き) or 大(ひろ)貴(たか) • (Daiki or Hirotaka)

大貴 (canonical)
大貴 (canonical)
Daiki (romanization)
Hirotaka (romanization)


龍之介

龍之介 (canonical)
Ryūnosuke (romanization)


周平

周平(しゅうへい) • (Shūhei)


一三

一(いち)三(ぞう) or 一(かず)三(み) • (Ichizō or Kazumi)

一三 (canonical)
一三 (canonical)
Ichizō (romanization)
Kazumi (romanization)


幸造

幸(こう)造(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


修三

修(しゅう)三(ぞう) • (Shūzō)


裕治

裕(ひろ)治(はる) or 裕(ゆう)治(じ) • (Hiroharu or Yūji)

裕治 (canonical)
裕治 (canonical)
Hiroharu (romanization)
Yūji (romanization)


龍一郎

龍一郎 (canonical)
Ryūichirō (romanization)


一朗

一(いち)朗(ろう) or 一(かず)朗(ろう) • (Ichirō or Kazurō)

一朗 (canonical)
一朗 (canonical)
Ichirō (romanization)
Kazurō (romanization)


啓司

啓(けい)司(し) or 啓(けい)司(じ) • (Keishi or Keiji)

啓司 (canonical)
啓司 (canonical)
Keishi (romanization)
Keiji (romanization)


俊一

俊(しゅん)一(いち) or 俊(とし)一(かず) • (Shun'ichi or Toshikazu)

俊一 (canonical)
俊一 (canonical)
Shun'ichi (romanization)
Toshikazu (romanization)


勇剛

勇(ゆう)剛(ごう) • (Yūgō)


捷年

捷年 (canonical)
Katsutoshi (romanization)


克太郎

克太郎 (canonical)
Katsutarō (romanization)


裕司

裕(ゆう)司(じ) or 裕(ひろ)司(し) • (Yūji or Hiroshi)

裕司 (canonical)
裕司 (canonical)
Yūji (romanization)
Hiroshi (romanization)


雅史

雅(まさ)史(し) or 雅(まさ)史(ふみ) • (Masashi or Masafumi)

雅史 (canonical)
雅史 (canonical)
Masashi (romanization)
Masafumi (romanization)


信一

信一 (canonical)
Shin'ichi (romanization)
信一 (canonical)
Nobukazu (romanization)


誠一

誠(こう)一(いち) or 誠(せい)一(いち) • (Kōichi or Seiichi)

誠一 (canonical)
誠一 (canonical)
Kōichi (romanization)
Seiichi (romanization)


茂雄

茂雄 (canonical)
Shigeo (romanization)
Sigewo (romanization)
しげを (hiragana historical)


義人

義(よし)人(ひと) or 義(よし)人(と) • (Yoshihito or Yoshito)

義人 (canonical)
義人 (canonical)
Yoshihito (romanization)
Yoshito (romanization)


康三

康(こう)三(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


陽造

陽(よう)造(ぞう) • (Yōzō)


淳也

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɰ̃ja̠]


克利

克利 (canonical)
Katsutoshi (romanization)


秀一

秀(しゅう)一(いち) or 秀(ひで)一(かず) • (Shūichi or Hidekazu)

秀一 (canonical)
秀一 (canonical)
Shūichi (romanization)
Hidekazu (romanization)


円谷

円(つむら)谷(や) or 円(つぶら)谷(や) • (Tsumuraya or Tsuburaya)

円谷 (canonical)
円谷 (canonical)
Tsumuraya (romanization)
Tsuburaya (romanization)
圓谷 (alternative)
圓 (alternative)
kyūjitai (alternative)
円 (alternative)
円 (alternative)
shinjitai (alternative)
圓 (alternative)

Eiichi Tsumuraya (圓谷英一): born name of Eiji Tsuburaya (円谷英二)

Kōkichi Tsumuraya (円谷幸吉): born name of Kōkichi Tsuburaya (円谷幸吉)

Eiji Tsuburaya (円谷英二, 1901-70), a Japanese special effects director, filmmaker, and cinematographer.

Kōkichi Tsuburaya (円谷幸吉, 1940-68), a Japanese athlete who competed mainly as a marathoner.


備州

Compound of 備 (Clipping of 吉備 (“Kibi Province”)) + 州 (shū, “province”)

com+

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">吉備</i> (“Kibi Province”)

(historical) short for 吉備国 (Kibi no kuni, “Kibi Province, a feudal province of Japan”), in the area of Okayama Prefecture and eastern Hiroshima prefecture. It was divided into Bizen, Bitchū, and Bingo Provinces in the late 7th century, and Mimasaka Province was separated from Bizen Province in the 8th century

short for 備前国 (Bizen no kuni, “Bizen Province”)

short for 備中国 (Bitchū no kuni, “Bitchū Province”)

short for 備後国 (Bingo no kuni, “Bingo Province”)


満州

ja-pos

満(まん)州(しゅう) • (Manshū) ^(←まんしう (Mansiu)?)

満州 (canonical)
Manshū (romanization)
Mansiu (romanization)
まんしう (hiragana historical)

From Chinese 滿洲 /满洲 (Mǎnzhōu), from Manchu ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ (manju).
州 is a daiyōji replacing 洲.

Manchuria (a historical region of northeastern China comprising the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang and the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia)


長州

長(ちょう)州(しゅう) • (Chōshū) ^(←ちやうしう (Tyausiu)?)

長州 (canonical)
Chōshū (romanization)
Tyausiu (romanization)
ちやうしう (hiragana historical)

Compound of 長 (Clipping of 長門 (“Nagato Province”)) + 州 (shū, “province”)

com+

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">長門</i> (“Nagato Province”)

(historical) short for 長門国 (Nagato no kuni, “Nagato Province, a feudal province of Japan”)

長州藩

長州藩 ちょうしゅうはん

長州風呂

長州風呂 ちょうしゅうぶろ


奥州

奥州 (canonical)
Ōshū (romanization)
Ausiu (romanization)
あうしう (hiragana historical)

→ English: Osju, Voxu

→ Latin:

(historical) short for 陸奥国 (Mutsu no kuni, “Mutsu Province, a feudal province of Japan”)


清治

ja-pos

清(せい)治(じ) or 清(きよ)治(はる) • (Seiji or Kiyoharu)

清治 (canonical)
清治 (canonical)
Seiji (romanization)
Kiyoharu (romanization)


親一郎

親一郎 (canonical)
Shin'ichirō (romanization)


貴朗

貴(き)朗(ろう) or 貴(たか)朗(お) • (Kirō or Takao)

貴朗 (canonical)
貴朗 (canonical)
Kirō (romanization)
Takao (romanization)


慎一朗

慎一朗 (canonical)
Shin'ichirō (romanization)


次男

次(つぎ)男(お) or 次(つぐ)男(お) • (Tsugio or Tsuguo)

次男 (canonical)
次男 (canonical)
Tsugio (romanization)
Tsuguo (romanization)


容三

容(よう)三(ぞう) • (Yōzō)


満芳

満芳 (canonical)
Mitsuyoshi (romanization)


克雄

克(かつ)雄(お) or 克(よし)雄(お) • (Katsuo or Yoshio)

克雄 (canonical)
克雄 (canonical)
Katsuo (romanization)
Yoshio (romanization)


みつお

実生, 光雄, 光男, 充男, 光生, 光郎, 光夫, 盈男: a male given name


義勝

義勝 (canonical)
Yoshikatsu (romanization)


仁貴

仁(ひろ)貴(たか) or 仁(よし)貴(き) • (Hirotaka or Yoshiki)

仁貴 (canonical)
仁貴 (canonical)
Hirotaka (romanization)
Yoshiki (romanization)


健一郎

健一郎 (canonical)
Ken'ichirō (romanization)


正彦

正(まさ)彦(ひこ) or 正(ただ)彦(ひこ) • (Masahiko or Tadahiko)

正彦 (canonical)
正彦 (canonical)
Masahiko (romanization)
Tadahiko (romanization)


恭史

恭(やす)史(ふみ) or 恭(やす)史(し) • (Yasufumi or Yasushi)

恭史 (canonical)
恭史 (canonical)
Yasufumi (romanization)
Yasushi (romanization)


勝年

勝年 (canonical)
Katsutoshi (romanization)


英貴

英(ひで)貴(たか) or 英(ひで)貴(き) • (Hidetaka or Hideki)

英貴 (canonical)
英貴 (canonical)
Hidetaka (romanization)
Hideki (romanization)


耕造

耕(こう)造(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


龍次

龍(たつ)次(じ) or 龍(りゅう)次(じ) • (Tatsuji or Ryūji)

龍次 (canonical)
龍次 (canonical)
Tatsuji (romanization)
Ryūji (romanization)


隆治

隆治(たかはる) or 隆(りゅう)治(じ) • (Takaharu or Ryūji)

隆治 (canonical)
隆治 (canonical)
Takaharu (romanization)
Ryūji (romanization)


淳二

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɲ̟d͡ʑi]


源三郎

源三郎 (canonical)
Genzaburō (romanization)


淳司

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɲ̟d͡ʑi]


博文

博(ひろ)文(ふみ) or 博文(ひろぶみ) • (Hirofumi or Hirobumi)

博文 (canonical)
博文 (canonical)
Hirofumi (romanization)
Hirobumi (romanization)


泰司

泰(やす)司(し) or 泰(やす)司(じ) • (Yasushi or Yasuji)

泰司 (canonical)
泰司 (canonical)
Yasushi (romanization)
Yasuji (romanization)


新一

新(しん)一(いち) or 新(しん)一(いじ) • (Shin'ichi or Shin'iji)

新一 (canonical)
新一 (canonical)
Shin'ichi (romanization)
Shin'iji (romanization)


宮城

宮(きゅう)城(じょう) • (Kyūjō) ^(←きゆうじやう (Kyuuzyau)?)

宮城 (canonical)
Kyūjō (romanization)
Kyuuzyau (romanization)
きゆうじやう (hiragana historical)

宮城遥拝

宮城遥拝 きゅうじょうようはい


清一郎

清一郎 (canonical)
Seiichirō (romanization)


美和子

Compound of 美和 (miwa, “beautiful peace”) + 子 (ko, common diminutive suffixing element in feminine names, literally “child”).


任三郎

任三郎 (canonical)
Ninzaburō (romanization)


秀一郎

秀一郎 (canonical)
Shūichirō (romanization)


千葉

Chiba (the capital city of Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


三浦

Compound of 三 (mi; san, “three”) + 浦 (ura; ho, “inlet, bay”).

Miura (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


三浦

三浦の乱

(historical) three trading ports opened to Japan during the Joseon Dynasty, namely 薺(せい)浦(ほ) (Seiho), 富(ふ)山(ざん)浦(ぽ) (Fuzanpo) and 塩(えん)浦(ぽ) (Enpo)


翔平

ja-pos

翔平(しょうへい) • (Shōhei)


淳哉

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɰ̃ja̠]


たくや

拓哉, 拓也, 卓也, 卓哉, 拓弥, 大空也: a male given name


ゆきお

幸男, 幸雄, 幸夫, 行雄, 行男, 幸生, 由紀夫, 悠紀夫: a male given name


ゆうじろう

ゆうじろう • (Yūjirō)


正行

正(まさ)行(ゆき) or 正(まさ)行(つら) • (Masayuki or Masatsura)

正行 (canonical)
正行 (canonical)
Masayuki (romanization)
Masatsura (romanization)


昭之助

昭之助 (canonical)
Shōnosuke (romanization)


美智久

美智久 (canonical)
Michihisa (romanization)


新之介

新之介 (canonical)
Shinnosuke (romanization)


大蔵

大蔵 (canonical)
Ōkura (romanization)
大蔵 (canonical)
Daizō (romanization)


博国

[çiɾo̞kɯ̟ɲ̟i]

Compound of 広 (hiro, stem of adjective 広い (hiroi, “broad, wide, expansive”)) + 国 (kuni, “country”).
The use of the 博 character is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).

compound

stem of adjective <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">広い</i> (hiroi, “broad, wide, expansive”)


正幸

ja-pos

正(まさ)幸(よし) or 正(まさ)幸(ゆき) • (Masayoshi or Masayuki)

正幸 (canonical)
正幸 (canonical)
Masayoshi (romanization)
Masayuki (romanization)


敬之

敬(たか)之(ゆき) or 敬之(のりゆき) • (Takayuki or Noriyuki)

敬之 (canonical)
敬之 (canonical)
Takayuki (romanization)
Noriyuki (romanization)


義通

義通 (canonical)
Yoshimichi (romanization)


龍之輔

龍之輔 (canonical)
Ryūnosuke (romanization)


伸一郎

伸一郎 (canonical)
Shin'ichirō (romanization)


繁次郎

繁次郎 (canonical)
Shigejirō (romanization)


章成

章(あき)成(なり) or 章(あき)成(しげ) or 章(しょう)成(せい) • (Akinari or Akishige or Shōsei)

章成 (canonical)
章成 (canonical)
章成 (canonical)
Akinari (romanization)
Akishige (romanization)
Shōsei (romanization)


照文

[te̞ɾɯ̟ɸɯ̟mʲi]


重太郎

重(じゅう)太(た)郎(ろう) • (Jūtarō)


邦之

[kɯ̟ɲ̟ijɯ̟kʲi]


利通

利通 (canonical)
Toshimichi (romanization)


セレニティ

A transliteration of the English female given name Serenity


邦房

[kɯ̟ɲ̟iɸɯ̟sa̠]


純司

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɲ̟d͡ʑi]


孝蔵

孝(こう)蔵(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


恒美

恒美 (canonical)
Tsuneyoshi (romanization)


淳基

[d͡ʑɨ̃ŋʲkʲi]


裕紀

裕(ひろ)紀(き) or 裕(ゆう)紀(き) • (Hiroki or Yūki)

裕紀 (canonical)
裕紀 (canonical)
Hiroki (romanization)
Yūki (romanization)


陽太

陽太(ようた) • (Yōta)


利光

利光 (canonical)
Toshimitsu (romanization)


勝良

勝良 (canonical)
Katsuyoshi (romanization)


靖生

靖生(じょう) • (Jō)


圭一郎

圭一郎 (canonical)
Keiichirō (romanization)


俊郎

俊(とし)郎(ろう) or 俊(とし)郎(お) • (Toshirō or Toshio)

俊郎 (canonical)
俊郎 (canonical)
Toshirō (romanization)
Toshio (romanization)


光次郎

光次郎 (canonical)
Mitsujirō (romanization)


吉郎

吉(きち)郎(ろう) or 吉(よし)郎(ろう) • (Kichirō or Yoshirō)

吉郎 (canonical)
吉郎 (canonical)
Kichirō (romanization)
Yoshirō (romanization)


有三

有(ゆう)三(ぞう) • (Yūzō)


和史

和(かず)史(し) or 和(かず)史(ひと) or 和(まさ)史(ふみ) • (Kazushi or Kazuhito or Masafumi)

和史 (canonical)
和史 (canonical)
和史 (canonical)
Kazushi (romanization)
Kazuhito (romanization)
Masafumi (romanization)


貞治

the Jōji era, 1262–1268 by the Northern Court reckoning


友亮

友(とも)亮(あき) or 友(ゆう)亮(すけ) • (Tomoaki or Yūsuke)

友亮 (canonical)
友亮 (canonical)
Tomoaki (romanization)
Yūsuke (romanization)


重蔵

重(じゅう)蔵(ぞう) • (Jūzō)


勝稔

勝稔 (canonical)
Katsutoshi (romanization)


良輔

[ɾʲo̞ːsɨke̞]


勝義

勝義 (canonical)
Katsuyoshi (romanization)


謹一郎

謹一郎 (canonical)
Kin'ichirō (romanization)


秀之助

秀之助 (canonical)
Hidenosuke (romanization)


光二

光二 (canonical)
Kōji (romanization)
Kwauzi (romanization)
くわうじ (hiragana historical)


雄三

雄(ゆう)三(ぞう) • (Yūzō)


貴之

貴(たか)之(し) or 貴(たか)之(ゆき) • (Takashi or Takayuki)

貴之 (canonical)
貴之 (canonical)
Takashi (romanization)
Takayuki (romanization)


仁志

仁(まさ)志(し) or 仁(ひと)志(し) • (Masashi or Hitoshi)

仁志 (canonical)
仁志 (canonical)
Masashi (romanization)
Hitoshi (romanization)


紀元

紀元元年 ― Kigen gannen ― 1 CE

西暦紀元

the Common Era (literally, “the Era of the Western calendar”)

西暦紀元前 100年 ― seireki Kigenzen hyaku-nen ― 100 BCE

(generally) The basis point for measuring years in a calendar; the year 0 for any given time-reckoning system.

紀元節

(historical) The era of all emperors to have ever ruled Japan, starting with Emperor Jinmu's supposed ascension in 660 BCE, established in 1872 (5th year of the Meiji era).


銀之助

銀之助 (canonical)
Ginnosuke (romanization)


芳太郎

芳太郎 (canonical)
Yoshitarō (romanization)


幸太

幸太(こうた) • (Kōta)


邦信

[kɯ̟ɲ̟ino̞bɯ̟]


将平

将平(しょうへい) • (Shōhei)


清和

a village in Kimitsu district, Chiba Prefecture

a village in Kamishiki district, Kumamoto Prefecture

a neighbourhood of Kagoshima, Kagoshima Prefecture


浩史

[çiɾo̞ɸɯ̟mʲi]


建紀

建(たけ)紀(のり) or 建(たて)紀(き) • (Takenori or Tateki)

建紀 (canonical)
建紀 (canonical)
Takenori (romanization)
Tateki (romanization)


三千丈

三千丈 (canonical)
Michitake (romanization)


考史

考史(こうじ) • (Kōji)


天神

[tẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

From Middle Chinese 天神 (MC then zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 天神 (tiānshén, “god, godhead, divinity”).

cog

天神講: a matsuri celebrating Sugawara no Michizane

天神祭: a matsuri celebrating Sugawara no Michizane

天神橋: a bridge over the Yodo River in Ōsaka

天神髭

a beard of the style shown in depiction of Sugawara no Michizane

天神山

the name of various mountains and other places around Japan

天神山古墳 てんじんやまこふん

天神山古墳: a late-fourth-century kofun tomb in Gunma prefecture

the Shinto kami of scholarship, the deification of Sugawara no Michizane (845-903 CE), a scholar, poet, and politician

a shrine dedicated to Sugawara no Michizane

one of the traditional Noh masks, depicting one of the 鬼神 (onigami; kijin, “fierce gods”) as the vengeful spirit of Sugawara no Michizane, the lead role in the 雷電 (Raiden) piece


那覇

Russian: На́ха f (Náxa)

Naha (the capital city of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


本司

本司 (canonical)
Motoji (romanization)
本司 (canonical)
Honji (romanization)


剛治

ja-pos

剛(こう)治(じ) or 剛(ごう)治(じ) or 剛治(たけはる) • (Kōji or Gōji or Takeharu)

剛治 (canonical)
剛治 (canonical)
剛治 (canonical)
Kōji (romanization)
Gōji (romanization)
Takeharu (romanization)


竹田

Taketa (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


高島

Takashima (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


茂敏

茂敏 (canonical)
Shigetoshi (romanization)


隆史

隆(たか)史(ふみ) or 隆(たか)史(し) • (Takafumi or Takashi)

隆史 (canonical)
隆史 (canonical)
Takafumi (romanization)
Takashi (romanization)


喜八郎

喜八郎 (canonical)
Kihachirō (romanization)


秀太

秀太(しゅうた) • (Shūta)


徳雄

徳雄 (canonical)
Tokuo (romanization)
徳雄 (canonical)
Norio (romanization)


邦幸

[kɯ̟ɲ̟ijɯ̟kʲi]


慶三郎

慶(けい)三(さぶ)郎(ろう) or 慶(けい)三(ざぶ)郎(ろう) • (Keisaburō or Keizaburō)

慶三郎 (canonical)
慶三郎 (canonical)
Keisaburō (romanization)
Keizaburō (romanization)


田村

Tamura (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


筒井

筒井 (canonical)
Tsutsui (romanization)
Tutwi (romanization)
つつゐ (hiragana historical)


雅貴

雅(まさ)貴(き) or 雅(まさ)貴(たか) • (Masaki or Masataka)

雅貴 (canonical)
雅貴 (canonical)
Masaki (romanization)
Masataka (romanization)


智哉

智(とも)哉(ちか) or 智(とも)哉(や) • (Tomochika or Tomoya)

智哉 (canonical)
智哉 (canonical)
Tomochika (romanization)
Tomoya (romanization)


鶴岡

鶴(つる)岡(おか) • (Tsuruoka) ^(←つるをか (Turwoka)?)

鶴岡 (canonical)
Tsuruoka (romanization)
Turwoka (romanization)
つるをか (hiragana historical)

Tsuruoka (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


相川

相(あい)川(かわ) or 相川(そうかわ) • (Aikawa or Sōkawa)

相川 (canonical)
相川 (canonical)
Aikawa (romanization)
Sōkawa (romanization)


青木

青木 (canonical)
Aoki (romanization)
Awoki (romanization)
あをき (hiragana historical)

青(あお) (ao, “blue, green”) + 木(き) (ki, “tree”)


青木

ja-pos

青(あお)木(き) or 青(おお)木(ぎ) • (Aoki or Ōgi) ^(←あをき (Awoki)?)

青木 (canonical)
青木 (canonical)
Aoki (romanization)
Ōgi (romanization)
Awoki (romanization)
あをき (hiragana historical)


浅井

浅井 (canonical)
浅井 (canonical)
Asai (romanization)
Azai (romanization)


飯田

飯田 (canonical)
Īda (romanization)
Ifida (romanization)
いひだ (hiragana historical)

Īda (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


池田

Ikeda (a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan)


石川

石(いし)川(かわ) • (Ishikawa) ^(←いしかは (Isikafa)?)

石(いし)川(がわ) • (Ishigawa) ^(←いしがは (Isigafa)?)

石川 (canonical)
Ishikawa (romanization)
Isikafa (romanization)
いしかは (hiragana historical)
石川 (canonical)
Ishigawa (romanization)
Isigafa (romanization)
いしがは (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 石川 (Shíchuān)

→ English: Ishikawa, Ishigawa

[iɕiɡa̠β̞a̠]

Compound of 石(いし) (ishi, “stone”) + 川(かわ) (kawa, “river”). The kawa changes to gawa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-com

Ishikawa (a prefecture of Japan; capital: Kanazawa)

Ishikawa (a town in Ishikawa district, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)

a former city in Okinawa island; now part of Uruma, Okinawa Prefecture

synonym of 賀茂川 (Kamogawa): a river in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan

賀茂川

Ishi River (rivers in Japan):
a river in Aichi Prefecture

a tributary of the Tokiwa, Hokkaido Prefecture

a tributary of the Yamato, Osaka Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Mizuho, Nagoya and of Taketoyo, in Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood and train station in Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Ishioka, Hitachinaka and Mito and of Ami, in Ibaraki Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Uruma and Motobu, Okinawa Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kashiwara, Osaka Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Naka, Yokohama and of Fujisawa, in Kanagawa Prefecture

a neighborhood of Yosano, Kyoto Prefecture

a neighborhood of Ueki, Kumamoto Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kohoku, Shiga Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Shimizu, Shizuoka and of Numazu, in Shizuoka Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Ichihara and Sakura, Chiba Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Hachiōji and Ōta, Tokyo prefecture

a neighborhood of Fujioka, Tochigi Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Kashihara and Yamatokōriyama, Nara Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Kamo and Jōetsu, Niigata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kawamata, Fukushima Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Hakodate and Muroran, Hokkaido Prefecture

Ishikawa (other places in Japan):
a neighborhood of Iga, Mie Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shinjō, Yamagata Prefecture

石川馨

Kaoru Ishikawa, organizational theorist known for the Ishikawa diagram

Ishi River (rivers in Japan):
a river in Niigata Prefecture

a tributary of the Sai, Ishikawa Prefecture

a tributary of the Sabaishi, Niigata Prefecture

a tributary of the Hikimi, Shimane Prefecture


市川

Ichikawa (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


上田

上田 (canonical)
Ueda (romanization)
Ufeda (romanization)
うへだ (hiragana historical)

Russian: Уэ́да f (Uéda)

Ueda (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


上野

上野 (canonical)
Ueno (romanization)
Ufeno (romanization)
うへの (hiragana historical)

From 上 (ue, “up, above; top”) + 野 (no, “area, field”).

com

a placename, such as that of a district in Taitō Ward, Tokyo


上野

上野 (canonical)
Kōzuke (romanization)
Kauduke (romanization)
かうづけ (hiragana historical)

⟨kami₁tuke₂⟩ → */kamʲitukei̯/ → /kaũd͡zuke/ → /kɔːd͡zuke/ → /koːzuke/
Originally a clipping of Old Japanese 上毛野 (Kami₁tuke₂no₁ → Kamitsukeno, literally “Upper Keno”).

inh

short for 上野国 (Kōzuke-no-kuni): Kōzuke Province, an old province of Japan


上原

ja-pos

上(うえ)原(はら) • (Uehara) ^(←うへはら (Ufefara)?)

上(うえ)原(ばら) • (Uebara) ^(←うへばら (Ufebara)?)

上(うわ)原(はら) • (Uwahara) ^(←うははら (Ufafara)?)

上(うわ)原(ばら) • (Uwabara) ^(←うはばら (Ufabara)?)

上(うわ)原(ばる) • (Uwabaru) ^(←うはばる (Ufabaru)?)

上原 (canonical)
Uehara (romanization)
Ufefara (romanization)
うへはら (hiragana historical)
上原 (canonical)
Uebara (romanization)
Ufebara (romanization)
うへばら (hiragana historical)
上原 (canonical)
Uwahara (romanization)
Ufafara (romanization)
うははら (hiragana historical)
上原 (canonical)
Uwabara (romanization)
Ufabara (romanization)
うはばら (hiragana historical)
上原 (canonical)
Uwabaru (romanization)
Ufabaru (romanization)
うはばる (hiragana historical)

→ English: Uehara

[ɯ̟e̞ha̠ɾa̠]

[ɯ̟e̞ba̠ɾa̠]

[ɯ̟β̞a̠ha̠ɾa̠]

[ɯ̟β̞a̠ba̠ɾa̠]

[ɯ̟β̞a̠ba̠ɾɯ̟]

The hara/haru changes to bara/baru as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

a neighborhood of Ichihara, Chiba Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shibuya, Tokyo prefecture

The neighborhoods of Ginowan, of Taketomi and Nishihara, and of Ōgimi; in Okinawa Prefecture

Uebara (a neighborhood of Ōtaki, Chiba Prefecture)

Uebara (a neighborhood of Tottori, Tottori Prefecture)

Uwahara (a neighborhood of Shimizu, Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture)

a neighborhood of Niihama, Ehime Prefecture

a neighborhood of Nihonmatsu, Fukushima Prefecture

a neighborhood of Iide, Yamagata Prefecture

Uwabaru (a neighborhood of Ashikita, Kumamoto Prefecture)


上原

[kã̠mba̠ɾɯ̟]

a neighborhood of Taketoyo, Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture

a neighborhood of Fukaya, Saitama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Ōnan, Shimane Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Uonuma, Kashiwazaki and Minamiuonuma, Niigata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Nanto, Fukuyama prefecture


上原

[kã̠mba̠ɾɯ̟]

Kanbara (a neighborhood of Sōja, Okayama Prefecture)

Kanbara (a neighborhood of Yokoshibahikari, Chiba Prefecture)


上原

[kã̠mba̠ɾɯ̟]

Kanbaru (a neighborhood of Miyako, Fukuoka Prefecture)


梅田

a district of Kita, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture, Japan


大川

Ōkawa (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大沢

大(おお)沢(さわ) • (Ōsawa) ^(←おほさは (Ofosafa)?)

大沢 (canonical)
Ōsawa (romanization)
Ofosafa (romanization)
おほさは (hiragana historical)


大島

大(おお)島(しま) • (Ōshima) ^(←おほしま (Ofosima)?)

大島 (canonical)
Ōshima (romanization)
Ofosima (romanization)
おほしま (hiragana historical)

Compound of 大(おお) (ō, “great, big, grand, large”) + 島(しま) (shima, “island”).

ja-compound

a place name, such as the town of Ōshima within the Ōshima Subprefecture of Tokyo.


大田

Ōta (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


大津

大津 (canonical)
Ōtsu (romanization)
Ofotu (romanization)
おほつ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 大 (ō, “big, large”) + 津 (tsu, “harbor, port”).

compound

Ōtsu (the capital city of Shiga Prefecture), an important port on Lake Biwa

the name of various other places in Japan


大村

Ōmura (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


岡崎

Okazaki (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


岡田

岡田 (canonical)
Okada (romanization)
Wokada (romanization)
をかだ (hiragana historical)
岡田 (canonical)
Okata (romanization)
Wokata (romanization)
をかた (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 岡田 /冈田 (Gāngtián)

→ English: Okada

Compound of 岡(おか) (oka, “hillock”) + 田(た) (ta, “rice field”). The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-com

a neighborhood of Chita, Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Yuzawa, Akita Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Jōsō and Hitachiōta, Ibaraki Prefecture

a neighborhood of Sennan, Osaka Prefecture

a neighborhood of Samugawa, Kanagawa Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kumamoto, Kumamoto Prefecture

a neighborhood of Higashiōmi, Shiga Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shimada, Shizuoka Prefecture

a neighborhood of Izumo, Shimane Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Tateyama, Noda and Yachimata, Chiba Prefecture

a neighborhood of Toyama, Toyama Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Nagano and Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Shibata and Niigata, Niigata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Yahatanishi ward, Kitakyushu and of Chikushino, in Fukuoka Prefecture

a neighborhood of Tanagura, Fukushima Prefecture

a neighborhood of Samani, Hokkaido Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Iga and Suzuka, Mie Prefecture

a neighborhood of Miyagino ward, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shūnan, Yamaguchi Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Iwade and Kainan, Wakayama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Atsugi, Kanagawa Prefecture

a neighborhood of Ōshima, Tokyo prefecture

Okata (neighborhoods in Japan):
a neighborhood of Ōi, Fukui Prefecture


長田

ja-pos

長田(おさだ) or 長(なが)田(た) • (Osada or Nagata)

長田 (canonical)
長田 (canonical)
Osada (romanization)
Nagata (romanization)


小沢

小沢 (canonical)
Ozawa (romanization)
Wozafa (romanization)
をざは (hiragana historical)


織田

織田 (canonical)
Oda (romanization)
織田 (canonical)
Ota (romanization)

→ English: Oda, Ota

The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

織田信長

Oda (a neighborhood of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan)

Ota (a neighborhood of Echizen, Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


大城

大(おお)城(しろ) • (Ōshiro) ^(←おほしろ (Ofosiro)?)

大城 (canonical)
Ōshiro (romanization)
Ofosiro (romanization)
おほしろ (hiragana historical)


小野

小野 (canonical)
Ono (romanization)
Wono (romanization)
をの (hiragana historical)

a common place name
Ono (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)

Ono (a town in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


甲斐

甲斐 (canonical)
Kai (romanization)
Kafi (romanization)
かひ (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.
Derived from the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 代(か)う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”), with the basic sense being "that which should be the result / outcome / replacement".

ja-etym-renyokei

Kai (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)

甲州

こうしゅう, Kōshu

Kai (a historical province of Japan, roughly corresponding to present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)


香川

香川 (canonical)
Kagawa (romanization)
Kagafa (romanization)
かがは (hiragana historical)

[ka̠ɡa̠β̞a̠]


金沢

ja-pos

金(かな)沢(ざわ) • (Kanazawa) ^(←かなざは (Kanazafa)?)

金沢 (canonical)
Kanazawa (romanization)
Kanazafa (romanization)
かなざは (hiragana historical)

Compound of 金(かな) (kana, “metal; gold”, combining form of stand-alone reading kane) + 沢(さわ) (sawa, “marsh, swamp; mountain brook or stream”). The sawa changes to zawa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

Kanazawa (the capital city of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)

Kanazawa (a ward of Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


三国干渉

ja-pos

三(さん)国(ごく)干(かん)渉(しょう) • (Sangoku Kanshō)

三国干渉 (canonical)
Sangoku Kanshō (romanization)


神田

From a territory controlled by Shinto shrine.

(~区) one of the 35 former wards of Tokyo Prefecture (1868–1943), Tokyo City.


北川

北(きた)川(がわ) • (Kitagawa) ^(←きたがは (Kitagafa)?)

北川 (canonical)
Kitagawa (romanization)
Kitagafa (romanization)
きたがは (hiragana historical)


木下

木下(きのした) or 木(き)下(おろし) or 木(き)下(くだし) • (Kinoshita or Kioroshi or Kikudashi)

木下 (canonical)
木下 (canonical)
木下 (canonical)
Kinoshita (romanization)
Kioroshi (romanization)
Kikudashi (romanization)


雷神

(mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of thunder and lightning


桑原

桑(くわ)原(はら) or 桑(くわ)原(ばら) • (Kuwahara or Kuwabara)

桑原 (canonical)
桑原 (canonical)
Kuwahara (romanization)
Kuwabara (romanization)

桑原桑原

桑原桑原 くわばらくわばら


風神

Probably from Middle Chinese 風神 (MC pjuwng zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 風神／风神 (fēngshén).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of the wind


古賀

Koga (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


小阪

Compound of 小 (ko, “little”) + 坂 (saka, “hill”).


佐伯

Saiki (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


佐伯

佐伯 (canonical)
Saeki (romanization)
Safeki (romanization)
さへき (hiragana historical)


榊原

榊原 (canonical)
Sakakibara (romanization)

From 榊 (sakaki, “Cleyera japonica”) + 原 (hara, “uncultivated field”).
The hara changes to bara as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


桜井

ja-pos

桜(さくら)井(い) • (Sakurai) ^(←さくらゐ (Sakurawi)?)

桜井 (canonical)
Sakurai (romanization)
Sakurawi (romanization)
さくらゐ (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 櫻井 /樱井 (Yīngjǐng)

→ English: Sakurai

Sakurai (a city and neighborhood of Nara Prefecture, Japan)

a neighborhood of Komaki, Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Imabari, Ehime Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Minoo and Shimamoto, Osaka Prefecture

Sakurai (neighborhoods in Japan):
a neighborhood of Yōrō, Gifu Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Kisarazu and Futtsu, Chiba Prefecture

a neighborhood of Saku, Nagano Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shima, Fukuoka Prefecture


佐野

From Old Japanese. First attested as 姐奴 from the 3rd century Wei Zhi.

Sano (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


塩谷

塩谷 (canonical)
Shiotani (romanization)
塩谷 (canonical)
Shioya (romanization)


篠田

→ English: Shinoda

desc

→ Russian: Синода (Sinoda), Шинода (Šinoda)


渋谷

Shibuya (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


島田

島田 (canonical)
Shimada (romanization)
島田 (canonical)
Shimata (romanization)

→ Chinese: 島田 /岛田 (Dǎotián)

→ English: Shimada

Compound of 島(しま) (shima, “island”) + 田(た) (ta, “rice field”). Literally, “island-like field”. The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-com

Shimada (a city and train station in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)

a neighborhood of Tenpaku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Ōwani, Aomori Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Komatsu and Hakusan, Ishikawa Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Ushiku and Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture

a neighborhood of Nakatsu, Ōita Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Yatsushiro, Jōnan and Mashiki, Kumamoto Prefecture

a neighborhood of Sakado, Saitama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Fuji, Shizuoka Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Ichihara and Yachiyo, Chiba Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Ashikaga and Oyama, Tochigi Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Agano, Sanjō, Jōetsu and Nagaoka, Niigata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Chikuga, Fukuoka Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kuwana, Mie Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kakuda, Miyagi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shōnai, Yamagata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Inami, Wakayama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kumiyama, Kyoto Prefecture

a neighborhood of Yasugi, Shimane Prefecture

a neighborhood and train station in Hikari, Yamaguchi Prefecture


白井

Shiroi (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


東北地方

東北地方 (canonical)
Tōhoku Chihō (romanization)

Compound of 東北 (tōhoku, “northeast”) + 地方 (chihō, “region”).

compound

Tōhoku (a traditional region of Japan, specifically the northernmost six prefectures in Honshu (clockwise from the northermost): Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima, Yamagata and Akita)

Northeast China (a region of China; consisting of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang, and sometimes the northeast part of Inner Mongolia)


関根

a neighborhood of Mutsu, Aomori Prefecture

a neighborhood of Maebashi, Gunma Prefecture

a neighborhood of Gyōda, Saitama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Nasushiobara, Tochigi Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Tōkamachi and Nagaoka, Niigata Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Ishikawa and Motomiya and of Iitate, in Fukushima Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Kesennuma and Misato, Miyagi Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Kaminoyama, Tsuruoka, Nan'yō and Yonezawa, Yamagata Prefecture


瀬戸

Seto (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan); it is known for ceramics.


高井

→ English: Takai

→ Portuguese: Takai


高田

ja-pos

高(たか)田(だ) or 高(たか)田(た) • (Takada or Takata)

高田 (canonical)
高田 (canonical)
Takada (romanization)
Takata (romanization)


立花

Compound of 立ち (tachi, “standing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 立つ tatsu, “to stand”) + 花 (hana, “flower”). The hana changes to bana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


立花

立花 (canonical)
Rikka (romanization)
Ritukwa (romanization)
りつくわ (hiragana historical)

/rikkwa/ → /rikka/
Possibly from Middle Chinese compound 立花 (MC lip xwae, “lit. stand + flower”) or 立華 (MC lip xwae, “lit. stand + flower”).
Alternatively, coined in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived components.


伊達

From earlier いだて or いだち. Further source unknown. Kanji 伊 became silent in the Muromachi Period.

Date (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

伊達政宗


田辺

Tanabe (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


寺本

English: Teramoto


土井

土井 (canonical)
Doi (romanization)
Dowi (romanization)
どゐ (hiragana historical)

土井一可

Hitoka Doi, neurologist known for Doi sign

a neighborhood of Awa, Tokushima Prefecture

a neighborhood of Sayō, Sayō district, Hyōgo Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shūnan, Yamaguchi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Minabe, Hidaka district, Wakayama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Higashi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture


正三

ja-pos

正(しょう)三(ぞう) • (Shōzō)


定祐

定(じょう)祐(ゆう) • (Jōyū)

[d͡ʑo̞ːjɯ̟ː]


勝城

勝城 (canonical)
Katsushiro (romanization)


戸田

Chinese: 戶田 /户田 (Hùtián)

Toda (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


長井

Nagai (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


健冶

Likely arose as a misspelling of 健治, regularly pronounced Kenji. Notice that the second character in that spelling has three strokes in the radical, as 氵, whereas this spelling has only two strokes in the radical, as 冫.


長島

Nagashima (a town in Izumi district, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


中田

中(なか)田(た) or 中(なか)田(だ) • (Nakata or Nakada)

中田 (canonical)
中田 (canonical)
Nakata (romanization)
Nakada (romanization)


武雄

Takeo (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


長冨

長(なが)冨(とみ) or 長(なが)冨(どみ) • (Nagatomi or Nagadomi)

長冨 (canonical)
長冨 (canonical)
Nagatomi (romanization)
Nagadomi (romanization)


中野

Nakano (a special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)

Nakano (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


長野

Russian: Нага́но m or f (Nagáno)

Nagano (the capital city of Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


永野

The neighborhoods of Toyota and Kōta, Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Satsuma, Kagoshima Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Tosa, Sakawa, Tsuno and Yusuhara; in Kōchi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Jinsekikōgen, Hiroshima Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kaminoyama, Yamagata Prefecture


洋三

洋(よう)三(ぞう) • (Yōzō)


永淵

永(なが)淵(ふち) or 永(なが)淵(ぶち) • (Nagafuchi or Nagabuchi)

永淵 (canonical)
永淵 (canonical)
Nagafuchi (romanization)
Nagabuchi (romanization)


和臣

和(かず)臣(おみ) or 和臣(かずとみ) • (Kazuomi or Kazutomi)

和臣 (canonical)
和臣 (canonical)
Kazuomi (romanization)
Kazutomi (romanization)


西岡

西(にし)岡(おか) • (Nishioka) ^(←にしをか (Nisiwoka)?)

西岡 (canonical)
Nishioka (romanization)
Nisiwoka (romanization)
にしをか (hiragana historical)

→ English: Nishioka

Compound of 西(にし) (nishi, “the west”) + 岡(おか) (oka, “hillock”), literally, “hill on the west”.

ja-com

a neighborhood of Toyota, Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture

a neighborhood of Tōon, Ehime Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kurashiki, Okayama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Prefecture

a neighborhood of Itakura, Gunma Prefecture

a neighborhood of Yamatokōriyama, Nara Prefecture

a neighborhood of Agano, Niigata Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Toyohira ward, Sapporo and of Kenbuchi, in Hokkaido Prefecture


西口

西口 (canonical)
Nishiguchi (romanization)


哲朗

ja-pos

哲(てつ)朗(ろう) or 哲(てつ)朗(お) or 哲(てつ)朗(あき) or 哲(あき)朗(お) • (Tetsurō or Tetsuo or Tetsuaki or Akio)

哲朗 (canonical)
哲朗 (canonical)
哲朗 (canonical)
哲朗 (canonical)
Tetsurō (romanization)
Tetsuo (romanization)
Tetsuaki (romanization)
Akio (romanization)


二宮

the 中宮 (Chūgū, “Empress Consort's Palace at the center”) and 東宮 (Tōgū, “Crown Prince's Palace to the east”)


二宮

a town in Haga district, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

a town in Naka district, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan


忠士

忠士 (canonical)
忠士 (canonical)
Tadashi (romanization)


沼田

Numata (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


野田

Noda (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


野村

野村哲也


昭南

昭(しょう)南(なん) • (Shōnan) ^(←せうなん (Seunan)?)

昭南 (canonical)
Shōnan (romanization)
Seunan (romanization)
せうなん (hiragana historical)

en:Japanese occupation of Singapore
ja:日本占領時期のシンガポール

(historical) Syonan, Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia), as part of the Empire of Japan


橋本

Compound of 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”) + 本(もと) (moto, “origin; base”).

ja-com

Hashimoto (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)

a railway station in Hashimoto, Wakayama Prefecture

a district and railway station in Midori, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Prefecture

a subway station in Nishi, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture

a railway station in Yawata, Kyoto Prefecture


長谷川

ja-pos

長谷(はせ)川(がわ) • (Hasegawa) ^(←はせがは (Fasegafa)?)

長(なが)谷(たに)川(がわ) • (Nagatanigawa) ^(←ながたにがは (Nagatanigafa)?)

長(なが)谷(や)川(がわ) • (Nagayagawa) ^(←ながやがは (Nagayagafa)?)

長谷川 (canonical)
Hasegawa (romanization)
Fasegafa (romanization)
はせがは (hiragana historical)
長谷川 (canonical)
Nagatanigawa (romanization)
Nagatanigafa (romanization)
ながたにがは (hiragana historical)
長谷川 (canonical)
Nagayagawa (romanization)
Nagayagafa (romanization)
ながやがは (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 長谷川 /长谷川 (Chánggǔchuān)

→ English: Hasegawa

[na̠ɡa̠ta̠ɲ̟iɡa̠β̞a̠]

[na̠ɡa̠ja̠ɡa̠β̞a̠]

From 長谷 (Hase / Nagatani / Nagaya, placename) + 川 (kawa, “river”). The kawa changes to gawa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

com

Hase River (rivers and tributaries in Japan):

a tributary of the Onga, Fukuoka Prefecture

a tributary of the Kikuchi, Kumamoto Prefecture

a tributary of the Kiso, Nagano Prefecture

a tributary of the Kushida, Mie Prefecture

a tributary of the Kōnokawa, Niigata Prefecture

a tributary of the Gokase, Miyazaki Prefecture

a tributary of the Naruse, Miyagi Prefecture

a tributary of the Noro, Hiroshima Prefecture

a tributary of the Yoshino, Tokushima Prefecture

a tributary of the Yodo, Kyoto Prefecture

Hasegawa (a neighborhood of Kimitsu, Chiba Prefecture)

Hasegawa (a neighborhood of Aritagawa, Wakayama Prefecture)

Nagatani River (rivers and tributaries in Japan):

a river in Okayama Prefecture and Hyōgo Prefecture

a tributary of the Agano, Fukushima Prefecture

a tributary of the Asahi, the Iri, the Takahashi and the Yoshii, Okayama Prefecture

a tributary of the Abu, the Oze and the Nishiki, Yamaguchi Prefecture

a tributary of the Ōno and the Yamakuni, Ōita Prefecture

a tributary of the Ogawa and the Mannose, Kagoshima Prefecture

a tributary of the Kagami, the Shimonokae, the Shinkawa, the Nahari, the Monobe and the Wajiki, Kōchi Prefecture

a tributary of the Gamō and the Tenjin, Tottori Prefecture

a tributary of the Kikuchi, the Kuma, the Gokase and the Seki, Kumamoto Prefecture

a tributary of the Kiso, Gifu Prefecture

a tributary of the Kinokawa, Nara Prefecture

a tributary of the Kurose, Hiroshima Prefecture

a tributary of the Gōnokawa, Shimane Prefecture and Hiroshima Prefecture

a tributary of the Saita, Kagawa Prefecture

a tributary of the Shigeta, the Shigenobu, the Hiji, the Hinoodani and the Mori, Ehime Prefecture

a tributary of the Shinano, Niigata Prefecture

a tributary of the Tatara, Fukuoka Prefecture

a tributary of the Chikusa and the Yada, Hyōgo Prefecture

a tributary of the Nachi, Wakayama Prefecture

a tributary of the Noda and the Yura, Kyoto Prefecture

a tributary of the Matsuura and the Rokkaku, Saga Prefecture

a tributary of the Yamada, Nagasaki Prefecture

a tributary of the Yodo, Osaka Prefecture, Shiga Prefecture and Nara Prefecture

a tributary of the Watari, Ehime Prefecture and Kōchi Prefecture

Nagaya River (a tributary of the Gōnokawa, Hiroshima Prefecture)


長谷

/patuse/ → /fatuse/ → /fase/ →/hase/
From the 枕(まくら)詞(ことば) (makura kotoba, “pillow word”) 長(なが)谷(たに)の泊(はつ)瀬(せ) (nagatani no Hatsuse, literally, "the long valley of Hatsuse"); the modern notation of 泊(はつ)瀬(せ) (Hatsuse) being 初(はつ)瀬(せ). Evolved into Hase by sound change.
The modern location of Hatsuse is in Sakurai, Nara Prefecture.

ja-r

なが%たに の ^はつ%せ

Hase (a former village in Kamiina district, Nagano Prefecture, Japan, now part of the city of Ina)


長谷

ja-pos

長(おさ)谷(たに) or 長(ちょう)谷(たに) or 長(ちょう)谷(や) • (Osatani or Chōtani or Chōya)

長谷 (canonical)
長谷 (canonical)
長谷 (canonical)
Osatani (romanization)
Chōtani (romanization)
Chōya (romanization)


長谷

長(なが)谷(たに) or 長(なが)谷(や) • (Nagatani or Nagaya)

長谷 (canonical)
長谷 (canonical)
Nagatani (romanization)
Nagaya (romanization)

Nagatani (a district of the town of Aga, Niigata Prefecture, Japan)

Nagatani, Nagatani-oike (a dam in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)

Nagaya (a district of the city of Kakegawashi, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


長谷

Nagayatsu (a district of the city of Minamiboso, Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


滋利

滋利 (canonical)
Shigetoshi (romanization)


服部

From 機(はた) (hata, “loom”) + 織(お)り (ori, “to weave”) + 部(べ) (be, “serf”).

ja-compound

(historical) an organisation of weavers controlled by the ancient Japanese government


寛己

ja-pos

寛(ひろ)己(み) or 寛(よし)己(き) • (Hiromi or Yoshiki)

寛己 (canonical)
寛己 (canonical)
Hiromi (romanization)
Yoshiki (romanization)


浜岡

浜(はま)岡(おか) • (Hamaoka) ^(←はまをか (Famawoka)?)

浜岡 (canonical)
Hamaoka (romanization)
Famawoka (romanization)
はまをか (hiragana historical)


浜崎

浜(はま)崎(さき) or 浜(はま)崎(ざき) • (Hamasaki or Hamazaki)

浜崎 (canonical)
浜崎 (canonical)
Hamasaki (romanization)
Hamazaki (romanization)


浜田

Hamada (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


早川

早(はや)川(かわ) • (Hayakawa) ^(←はやかは (Fayakafa)?)

早川 (canonical)
Hayakawa (romanization)
Fayakafa (romanization)
はやかは (hiragana historical)

ja:早川
ja:早川 (山梨県)
ja:早川 (神奈川県)

Haya River (a river in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)

Haya River (a river in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


智子

智(とも)子(こ) or 智(さと)子(こ) • (Tomoko or Satoko)

智子 (canonical)
智子 (canonical)
Tomoko (romanization)
Satoko (romanization)


千代作

千代作 (canonical)
Chiyosaku (romanization)


直明

直(なお)明(あき) or 直明(なおあきら) • (Naoaki or Naoakira)

直明 (canonical)
直明 (canonical)
Naoaki (romanization)
Naoakira (romanization)


早瀬

Compound of 早(はや) (haya, “fast”) + 瀬(せ) (se, “current, rapid”).


原口

[ha̠ɾa̠ɡɯ̟t͡ɕi]

[ha̠ɾɯ̟ɡɯ̟t͡ɕi]

Compound of 原(はら) (hara, “field, plain”) + 口(くち) (kuchi, “mouth; opening”). Literally, “field opening”.

The towns in Isahaya, Ōmura and Shimabara, Nagasaki Prefecture

a neighborhood of Matsumae, Matsumae district, Hokkaido Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kaminoyama, Yamagata Prefecture

原口直樹

Naoki Haraguchi, orthopedic surgeon known for the Haraguchi classification


原口

Haruguchi (a neighborhood of Nagomi, Tamana district, Kumamoto Prefecture)


義太郎

義太郎 (canonical)
Yoshitarō (romanization)


比嘉

Orthographic borrowing from Okinawan 比嘉 (Fija).


正蔵

ja-pos

正(しょう)蔵(ぞう) • (Shōzō)


利勝

利勝 (canonical)
Toshikatsu (romanization)


日高

Hidaka (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


紘三

紘(こう)三(ぞう) • (Kōzō)


日野

Hino (a city in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


光親

光親 (canonical)
Mitsuchika (romanization)


平川

平(ひら)川(かわ) • (Hirakawa) ^(←ひらかは (Firakafa)?)

平川 (canonical)
Hirakawa (romanization)
Firakafa (romanization)
ひらかは (hiragana historical)

Hirakawa (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


政次

政(まさ)次(じ) or 政(まさ)次(つぐ) • (Masaji or Masatsugu)

政次 (canonical)
政次 (canonical)
Masaji (romanization)
Masatsugu (romanization)


平林

平林 (canonical)
Hirabayashi (romanization)


叔功

叔(よし)功(のり) or 叔(よし)功(ゆき) or 叔(よし)功(いさ) • (Yoshinori or Yoshiyuki or Yoshiisa)

叔功 (canonical)
叔功 (canonical)
叔功 (canonical)
Yoshinori (romanization)
Yoshiyuki (romanization)
Yoshiisa (romanization)


深田

深(ふか)田(た) or 深(ふか)田(だ) • (Fukata or Fukada)

深田 (canonical)
深田 (canonical)
Fukata (romanization)
Fukada (romanization)


深谷

Fukaya (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


福井

福井 (canonical)
Fukui (romanization)
Fukwi (romanization)
ふくゐ (hiragana historical)

Fukui (the capital city of Fukui Prefecture, Japan)

Fukui (a prefecture on the north coast of Honshu, Japan)


福留

福(ふく)留(とめ) or 福(ふく)留(どめ) • (Fukutome or Fukudome)

福留 (canonical)
福留 (canonical)
Fukutome (romanization)
Fukudome (romanization)


宏紀

宏(ひろ)紀(き) or 宏(ひろ)紀(のり) • (Hiroki or Hironori)

宏紀 (canonical)
宏紀 (canonical)
Hiroki (romanization)
Hironori (romanization)


万一郎

万一郎 (canonical)
Man'ichirō (romanization)


福山

Fukuyama (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


藤枝

Fujieda (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


藤岡

藤(ふじ)岡(おか) • (Fujioka) ^(←ふぢをか (Fudiwoka)?)

藤岡 (canonical)
Fujioka (romanization)
Fudiwoka (romanization)
ふぢをか (hiragana historical)

Fujioka (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


藤崎

ja:藤崎 (曖昧さ回避)


史朗

史(し)朗(ろう) or 史(ふみ)朗(お) • (Shirō or Fumio)

史朗 (canonical)
史朗 (canonical)
Shirō (romanization)
Fumio (romanization)


藤原

藤(ふじ)原(わら) • (Fujiwara) ^(←ふぢはら (Fudifara)?)

藤原 (canonical)
Fujiwara (romanization)
Fudifara (romanization)
ふぢはら (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟ʑiβ̞a̠ɾa̠]

/pudi para/ → /ɸud͡ʑiɸara/ → /ɸuʑiwara/
Shift from Fujihara (Old Japanese Pudipara) below.

a surname, especially those from a powerful clan descended from Nakatomi no Kamatari

頼むかなわが藤原の都より跡たれそむる玉津島姫

tanomu kana waga Fujiwara no miyako yori ato tare somuru Tamatsushima-hime


藤原

藤(ふじ)原(はら) • (Fujihara) ^(←ふぢはら (Fudifara)?)

藤原 (canonical)
Fujihara (romanization)
Fudifara (romanization)
ふぢはら (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟ʑiha̠ɾa̠]

Compound of 藤 (fuji, “Wisteria floribunda”) + 原 (hara, “(uncultivated) field”).


雅美

ja-pos

雅(まさ)美(み) or 雅(ま)美(み) or 雅(まさ)美(え) or 雅(もと)美(み) or 雅(みや)美(び) or 雅(が)美(び) • (Masami or Mami or Masae or Motomi or Miyabi or Gabi)

雅美 (canonical)
雅美 (canonical)
雅美 (canonical)
雅美 (canonical)
雅美 (canonical)
雅美 (canonical)
Masami (romanization)
Mami (romanization)
Masae (romanization)
Motomi (romanization)
Miyabi (romanization)
Gabi (romanization)


雅美

雅(まさ)美(よし) or 雅(つね)美(よし) • (Masayoshi or Tsuneyoshi)

雅美 (canonical)
Masami (romanization)
雅美 (canonical)
雅美 (canonical)
Masayoshi (romanization)
Tsuneyoshi (romanization)


藤本

藤(ふじ)本(もと) • (Fujimoto) ^(←ふぢもと (Fudimoto)?)

藤本 (canonical)
Fujimoto (romanization)
Fudimoto (romanization)
ふぢもと (hiragana historical)


二村

二村 (canonical)
Futamura (romanization)
二村 (canonical)
Nimura (romanization)

[ɸɯ̟ta̠mɯ̟ɾa̠]


古川

Furukawa (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


古河

Koga (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


古田

Compound of 古(ふる) (furu, “old, worn out”, noun) + 田(た) (ta, “field, paddy”). Literally, “old (rice) field”.

ja-com

a neighborhood of Nishinoomote, Kagoshima Prefecture

a neighborhood of Motoyama, Kōchi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kawachi, Tochigi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Harima, Hyōgo Prefecture

a neighborhood of Oguni, Yamagata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kushimoto, Wakayama Prefecture


古田

Futta (a neighborhood of Kawai, Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


古田

The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

(history) the Honda feudal territory (知行地 (chigyō-chi)) of the Tosa Domain


古田

Koda (a neighborhood of Tahara, Aichi Prefecture, Japan)

Koda (the neighborhoods of Shibata and Niigata, Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


古田

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 古田 (Gǔtián).

obor

Gutian (a county of Ningde, Fujian, China)


古谷

古谷 (canonical)
Furutani (romanization)
古谷 (canonical)
Furuya (romanization)


七五三

七五三 (canonical)
Shichigosan (romanization)

[ɕi̥t͡ɕiɡo̞sã̠ɴ]

From 七 (shichi, “seven”) + 五 (go, “five”) + 三 (san, “three”). The numbers refer to the ages of the children involved.

af

1989 November 10 [1988 May 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “第二話 中年はもてる…か？ [Chapter 2: A Middle-Aged Man Can Still Be Attractive… Can't He?]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・Ｆ・不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 3), 2nd edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第三章 中年スーパーマン左江内氏, page 383:

あんた‼なによ その七五三みたいなかっこ‼

Anta‼ Nani yo sono Shichigosan mitai na kakko‼

こどもの日 こどもの日#Japanese

The Japanese festival for children; a traditional rite of passage and festival day in Japan for three- and seven-year-old girls and three- and five-year-old boys, held annually on November 15. As Shichigosan is not a national holiday, it is generally observed on the nearest weekend. Similar to こどもの日 (Kodomo no Hi, literally “Children's Day”)


雛祭り

雛祭り (canonical)
Hina Matsuri (romanization)

Compound of 雛 (hina, “doll”) + 祭り (matsuri, “festival”).

compound

Also known as "Girls' Day" or the "Doll Festival", wherein most families with girls pray for their young girls' growth and future happiness. Celebrated with displays of dolls representing the imperial court, before which are placed offerings such as diamond-shaped mochi (doughy rice cakes), white sake, and peach blossoms. Also called 桃の節句 (Momo no Sekku, “the Peach Festival”) as Hina matsuri occurs during the peach blossom season on the old lunar calendar.

The Japanese festival of Hina matsuri, held on 3 March.

雛霰: sweetened rice-flour cakes for offering at the Dolls' Festival


別府

ja-pos

別府(びゅう) • (Byū)


浩嗣

浩(こう)嗣(じ) or 浩(ひろ)嗣(し) • (Kōji or Hiroshi)

浩嗣 (canonical)
浩嗣 (canonical)
Kōji (romanization)
Hiroshi (romanization)


星野

星野源


安住

ja:あずみ (曖昧さ回避)


細見

By surface analysis, 細い (“thin, slender”) + み (“-ness”).


細山田

細山田 (canonical)
Hosoyamada (romanization)


本郷

Hongō (a district of the ward of Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan)

one of the 35 former wards of Tokyo Prefecture (1868–1943), Tokyo City.


前川

前 (mae, “before, in front”) + 川 (kawa, “river”)


前川

a county of Chagang Province, North Korea


前田

前田 (canonical)
Maeda (romanization)
Mafeda (romanization)
まへだ (hiragana historical)
前田 (canonical)
Maeta (romanization)
Mafeta (romanization)
まへた (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 前田 (Qiántián)

→ English: Maeda

Maeda (multiple neighborhoods in Japan):

The neighborhoods of Inazawa and of Taketoyo, Chita district, in Aichi Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Aomori and of Shichinohe and Noheji, Kamikita district; in Aomori Prefecture

a neighborhood of Ibaraki, Higashiibaraki district, Ibaraki Prefecture

a neighborhood of Hachimantai, Iwate Prefecture

a neighborhood of Usuki, Ōita Prefecture

a neighborhood of Urasoe, Okinawa Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kimotsuki, Kimotsuki district, Kagoshima Prefecture

a neighborhood of Gōdo, Anpachi district, Gifu Prefecture

a neighborhood of Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Numazu and Fuji, Shizuoka Prefecture

a neighborhood of Minamibōsō, Chiba Prefecture

a neighborhood of Nanto, Toyama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Nagaoka, Niigata Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Yukuhashi and of Yahatahigashi, Kitakyūshū; in Fukuoka Prefecture

The neighborhoods of Kitakata, Date and Nihonmatsu; of Yabuki, Nishishirakawa district; and of Futaba, Futaba district; in Fukushima Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kyōwa, Iwanai district, Hokkaido Prefecture

a neighborhood of Ebino, Miyazaki Prefecture

a neighborhood of Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Hirogawa, Arida district, Wakayama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Hatogaya, Saitama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Ōtawara, Tochigi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Niigata, Niigata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Iitate, Sōma district, Fukushima Prefecture


こどもの日

こどもの日 (canonical)
Kodomo no Hi (romanization)

Compound of 子供 (kodomo, “child, children”) + の (no, “possessive particle”) + 日 (hi, “day”).

compound

Children's Day, a festival held in Japan on 5 May to celebrate children; part of the Golden Week series of holidays in May

List of festivals in Japan on Wiktionary


前原

a place name in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.


康永

the Kōei era, 1342-1345 by the Northern Court reckoning

興国

era contemporary to Kōei (Southern Court reckoning)


益田

Masuda (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


竜義

竜義 (canonical)
Tatsuyoshi (romanization)


町田

Machida (a city in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


矢沢

ja-pos

矢(や)沢(ざわ) or 矢(や)沢(さわ) or 矢沢(やざ) • (Yazawa or Yasawa or Yaza)

矢沢 (canonical)
矢沢 (canonical)
矢沢 (canonical)
Yazawa (romanization)
Yasawa (romanization)
Yaza (romanization)


松浦

Matsuura (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


謙治郎

[kẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑiɾo̞ː]


松久保

松久保 (canonical)
Matsukubo (romanization)


松下

松下 (canonical)
Matsushita (romanization)


松島

松島 (canonical)
Matsushima (romanization)


松葉

松(まつ) (matsu, “pine”) + 葉(は) (ha, “leaf”)


松橋

松橋 (canonical)
Matsuhashi (romanization)


松原

Matsubara (a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan)


松比良

松比良 (canonical)
Matsuhira (romanization)


匡史

ja-pos

匡(まさ)史(し) or 匡(ただ)史(し) or 匡史(たゞし) • (Masashi or Tadashi)

匡史 (canonical)
匡史 (canonical)
匡史 (canonical)
Masashi (romanization)
Tadashi (romanization)


幸行

幸(ゆき)行(つら) or 幸(さち)行(ゆき) or 幸(よし)行(ゆき) • (Yukitsura or Sachiyuki or Yoshiyuki)

幸行 (canonical)
幸行 (canonical)
幸行 (canonical)
Yukitsura (romanization)
Sachiyuki (romanization)
Yoshiyuki (romanization)


松山

Matsuyama (the capital city of Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


円子

円子宏 ― Maruko Hiroshi ― Hiroshi Maruko


円子

左江内円子 ― Saenai Enko ― Enko Saenai


広之

広(ひろ)之(ゆき) or 広(ひろ)之(し) • (Hiroyuki or Hiroshi)

広之 (canonical)
広之 (canonical)
Hiroyuki (romanization)
Hiroshi (romanization)


三上

三(み) (mi) + 上(かみ) (kami, literally “three high (things)”). Attested from at least the 10th century.

ja-compound

a neighborhood of Toyokawa, Aichi Prefecture

a neighborhood of Yasu, Shiga Prefecture

a neighborhood of Toyama, Toyama Prefecture

a neighborhood of Kaminoyama, Yamagata Prefecture

(historical) a former district of Hiroshima Prefecture


三木

a place name, such as that of Miki City in Hyogo Prefecture


御子柴

御子柴 (canonical)
Mikoshiba (romanization)


三沢

Misawa (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


三島

Mishima (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


輝史

[te̞ɾɯ̟ɸɯ̟mʲi]