埼玉都民

埼玉都民 (canonical)
Saitama Tomin (romanization)

Blend of 埼(さい)玉(たま)県(けん)民(みん) (Saitama-kenmin, “people live in Saitama Prefecture”) + 東(とう)京(きょう)都(と)民(みん) (Tōkyō-tomin, “people live in Tokyo Metropolis”).

ja-blend

^さい%たま%-けん%みん

^とう%きょう%-と%みん

people who live in Saitama Prefecture and go to their workplace or school in Tokyo.


十勝

→ English: Tokachi

→ Russian: То́кати (Tókati)

Said to be from Ainu トカㇷ゚チ (tokapci). The exact original meaning, which is uncertain, is interpreted either as Ainu トカㇷ゚ウシ (tokap usi, “place of the breasts”) or Ainu トカオㇷ゚チ (toka op ci, “place of the swamp”).

der

Tokachi (a river in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan; in full, Tokachi River)

Tokachi Subprefecture
Tokachi Subprefecture#English

Tokachi (a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, named after the river; in full, Tokachi Subprefecture)

Tokachi Province
Tokachi Province#English

Tokachi (a former province in modern Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan; in full, Tokachi Province)

Tokachi District
Tokachi District#English

Tokachi (a district of Tokachi subprefecture, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan; in full, Tokachi District)


伊豆の国

伊豆の国 (canonical)
Izunokuni (romanization)

zh-l

伊豆之國／伊豆之国 (Yīdòuzhīguó)

→ Chinese: 伊豆之國／伊豆之国 (Yīdòuzhīguó)

Izunokuni (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


焼津

燒津／烧津 (Shāojīn)

→ Chinese: 燒津／烧津 (Shāojīn)

Compound of やい (yai), the イ音便 (i-onbin) form of 焼(や)き (yaki), the 連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei) of verb 焼(や)く (yaku, “to burn”) + 津(つ) (tsu, “harbor, port”). The tsu changes to zu as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Yaizu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


浜名湖

浜名湖 (canonical)
Hamana-ko (romanization)

Lake Hamana (a lake in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


ロシヤ

dated form of ロシア (Roshia, “Russia (a country)”)


鴨緑江

ja-pos

鴨(おう)緑(りょく)江(こう) • (Ōryokukō) ^(←あふりよくかう (Afuryokukau)?)

鴨緑江 (canonical)
Ōryokukō (romanization)
Afuryokukau (romanization)
あふりよくかう (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːɾʲo̞kɯ̟ko̞ː]

From Chinese 鴨綠江 /鸭绿江 (Yālù Jiāng).
/apuryokukau/ > /oːryokkoː/
/apu/ → /afu/ → /au/ → /ɔː/ → /oː/

Yalu River (a river on the China-North Korea border)

阿利那礼河

阿利那礼河 アリナレがわ


鴨緑江

鴨(おう)緑(りょっ)江(こう) • (Ōryokkō) ^(←あふりよくかう (Afuryokukau)?)

鴨緑江 (canonical)
Ōryokkō (romanization)
Afuryokukau (romanization)
あふりよくかう (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːɾʲo̞k̚ko̞ː]


平安京

平(へい)安(あん)京(きょう) • (Heian-kyō) ^(←へいあんきやう (Feiankyau)?)

平安京 (canonical)
Heian-kyō (romanization)
Feiankyau (romanization)
へいあんきやう (hiragana historical)

Blend of 平城京 (Heijō-kyō, “Nara”) + 長安 (Chōan, “Chang'an”).
Nara was the previous capital city of ancient Japan during most of the Nara period. Chang'an was the capital of ancient China during the Tang dynasty, which had heavy influence on Japan when 平安京 was founded.

blend

(historical) Kyoto, when used as the capital city of Japan from 794 to 1868


クールビズ

[kɯ̟ːɾɯ̟ bʲizɨ]

From English cool (“mildly or pleasantly cold; fashionable”) + biz (“business”).

COOL BIZ, a campaign by the Japanese government to promote wearing lighter clothing in the workplace during the summer.


亘理

[β̞a̠ta̠ɾʲi]

Watari (a district of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)

Watari (a town in Watari district, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


出島

Dejima (an island of Nagasaki, Japan), created by the Portuguese and known for being the only point of contact between the Japanese and the Dutch during the sakoku period


鷺宮

鷺宮 (canonical)
Saginomiya (romanization)


南極線

ja-pos

南(なん)極(きょく)線(せん) • (Nankyokusen) ^(←なんきよくせん (Nankyokusen)?)

南極線 (canonical)
Nankyokusen (romanization)
なんきよくせん (hiragana historical)

[nã̠ŋʲkʲo̞kɯ̟sẽ̞ɴ]

(geography) Antarctic Circle (one of the five major circles of latitude)


比国

Compound of 比 (hi, “the Philippines”) + 国 (koku, “country”).
The 比 spelling is an example of ateji (当て字), abbreviated from the first kanji in 比律賓 (Firipin, “the Philippines”).


大化

the Taika era, the first recorded Japanese era, 645-650


満漢全席

ja-pos

満(まん)漢(かん)全(ぜん)席(せき) • (Man-Kan Zenseki)

満漢全席 (canonical)
Man-Kan Zenseki (romanization)

[mã̠ŋkã̠nd͡zẽ̞ɰ̃se̞kʲi]


葦登属

葦登属 (canonical)
Yoshinobori-zoku (romanization)


門別

Monbetsu (a former town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, today merged with the town of Hidaka)


リーマン

リーマン • (Rīman)

A transliteration of the German surname Riemann


リーマン

リーマン • (Rīman)

A transliteration of the English surname Lehman


ユーゴスラビア社会主義連邦共和国

ユーゴスラビア しゃかい しゅぎ れんぽう きょうわこく

ユーゴスラビア社(しゃ)会(かい)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)連(れん)邦(ぽう)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Yūgosurabia Shakai Shugi Renpō Kyōwakoku)

ユーゴスラビア社会主義連邦共和国 (canonical)

Calque of Serbo-Croatian Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija, equivalent to ユーゴスラビア (Yūgosurabia, “Yugoslavia”) + 社会主義 (shakai shugi, “socialism”) + 連邦 (renpō, “federation”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).

compound

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia#English:_Q83286

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

(historical) Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (official name of Yugoslavia: a former Communist country in Southeast Europe that existed from 1943 until 1992)

ja:ユーゴスラビア社会主義連邦共和国


ユーゴスラビア王国

ja-pos

ユーゴスラビア おうこく

ユーゴスラビア王国 (canonical)
Yūgosurabia Ōkoku (romanization)

From ユーゴスラビア (Yūgosurabia, “Yugoslavia”) + 王国 (ōkoku, “kingdom”).

compound

Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Kingdom of Yugoslavia#English:_Q191077

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes

(historical) Kingdom of Yugoslavia (former official name of Yugoslavia: a former country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula; in use in the interwar period (1929–1943), after the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929))

ja:ユーゴスラビア王国


アラバ

Borrowed from Spanish Álava or Basque Araba.

2017 October 29, 小(こ)宮(みや)良(よし)之(ゆき) (Komiya Yoshiyuki), “異(い)端(たん)なるバスクサッカー、その源(げん)流(りゅう)を求(もと)めて。 (Itan naru Basuku sakkā, sono genryū o motomete., “In search of the heterodox origins of Basque soccer.”)”, in Ya(ヤ)hoo(フー)!ニュース (Yafū! Nyūsu, “Yahoo! News”):

また、アラバ県のアラベスは昨シーズン、スペイン国王杯で決勝に進出。

Mata, Araba ken no Arabesu wa saku shīzun, Supein kokuō-hai de kesshō ni shinshutsu.

Also, Alavés from Álava province made it to the finals of the Spanish King's Cup last season.

Álava (a province of the Basque Country, Spain)


バスク

Basque Country (a geographical region in northern Spain and southwestern France)

autonomous community
autonomous community

Basque Country (an autonomous community of Spain)


スペイン・バスク

Compound of スペイン (Supein, “Spain”) + バスク (Basuku, “Basque Country”).

2017 August 23, “大(だい)学×(がく×)スタートアップ 美(び)食(しょく)の街(まち)がフードテック聖(せい)地(ち)に (Daigaku×Sutātoappu bishoku no machi ga fūdotekku seichi ni, “University x Startup: Gourmet city becomes a food-tech holy place”)”, in 日(に)本経(ほんけい)済新(ざいしん)聞(ぶん) (Nihon Keizai Shinbun, “The Nikkei”):

今やすっかりグルメの街として知られ、その食文化を堪能しようと世界中から観光客が押し寄せるスペイン・バスク地方のサン・セバスチャン。

Ima ya sukkari gurume no machi to shite shirare, sono shokubunka o tannō shiyō to sekaijū kara kankōkyaku ga oshiyoseru Supein Basuku chihō no San Sebasuchan.

Nowadays known as a gourmet city, tourists from all over the world want to enjoy the food culture in San Sebastián, in the Spanish Basque Country

Southern Basque Country
Southern Basque Country

Spanish Basque Country
Spanish Basque Country#English

Southern Basque Country, Spanish Basque Country (a geographical region in northern Spain)


古武

[ɸɯ̟ɾɯ̟ta̠ke̞]


摂提

(as Jupiter is in the north east) the Tiger, the third of the twelve Earthly Branches


ルシタニア

[ɾɯ̟ɕita̠ɲ̟ia̠]

Lusitania (an ancient kingdom and province of the Roman Empire in northeastern Iberia)

(poetic) Lusitania, Portugal (a country in southwestern Europe)


ルテニア

[ɾɯ̟te̞ɲ̟ia̠]

Ruthenia, Rus (a historical region in Eastern Europe)


赤露

赤(せき) (seki, “red”) + 露(ろ) (ro, abbreviation of 露西亞, from Russian Россия (Rossija)). Compare Chinese 赤俄 (chì'é).

ja-compound

(Can we date this quote?) [1926], 生方敏郞, “政府の恐露病と日露戰爭”, in 明治大正見聞史:

米國でも、英國でも、兔に角資本家國の人々は實際自分でも赤露を怖れ

Beikoku demo, Eikoku demo, tonikaku shihonka kuni no hitobito wa jissai jibun demo Sekiro o osore

People in the United States, in Britain, and in capitalist countries anyway, actually fear the Soviet Union themselves.


ロプシャイト

A transliteration of the German surname Lobscheid


戸部

戸部 (canonical)
戸部 (canonical)
Kobu (romanization)
Kohō (romanization)

(of feudal Japan) synonym of 民部省 (Minbushō, “Ministry of Popular Affairs”) (designation by the Chinese)

民部省

(history, government, of feudal China) the Ministry of Revenue


ツァラトゥストラ

ツァラトゥストラはかく語りき


ニューマン

ja-pos

ニューマン • (Nyūman)


プリーストリー

プリーストリー • (Purīsutorī)

[pɯ̟ɾʲiːsɨto̞ɾʲiː]

A transliteration of the English surname Priestley


メイ

A transliteration of the English surname May

A transliteration of the English female given name May


サッチャー

サッチャー • (Satchā)

A transliteration of the English surname Thatcher


マーガレット

A transliteration of the English female given name Margaret


おき

⟨oki₁⟩ → /oki/
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE. Cognate with 奥 (oku, “inner, inside”).
The kanji spelling 沖 appears to be a reanalysis of the Chinese character based on its components of 氵 (“water”) and 中 (“center, in the middle of”).


チョン

全: A transliteration of the Korean surname 전(全) (Jeon), Jeon

田: A transliteration of the Korean surname 전(田) (Jeon), Jeon

錢: A transliteration of the Korean surname 전(錢) (Jeon), Jeon

傳: A transliteration of the Korean surname 전(傳) (Jeon), Jeon

鄭: A transliteration of the Korean surname 정(鄭) (Jeong), Jeong

丁: A transliteration of the Korean surname 정(丁) (Jeong), Jeong

程: A transliteration of the Korean surname 정(程) (Jeong), Jeong

千: A transliteration of the Korean surname 천(千) (Cheon), Cheon

天: A transliteration of the Korean surname 천(天) (Cheon), Cheon


花の宴

Literally “flower banquet,” i.e. a banquet under the cherry blossoms.


田鍬

[ta̠kɯ̟β̞a̠]


クッパ

ja:クッパ (ゲームキャラクター)

Mario franchise
Wikipedia:Mario (franchise)

Bowser (a fictional villain from the Mario franchise)


リグベーダ

[ɾʲiɡɯ̟ be̞ːda̠]

Rigveda (ancient Indian collection of hymns)


ウパニシャッド

[ɯ̟pa̠ɲ̟iɕa̠d̚d̥o̞]


ローズボウル

ローズボウル • (Rōzu Bōru)

[ɾo̞ːzɨ bo̞ːɾɯ̟]

(American football) The Rose Bowl (annual American college football game, and the namesake stadium where the game is held)


ドンペリ

ドンペリニヨン ドンペリニヨン#Japanese

short for ドンペリニヨン (Don Periniyon, “Dom Pérignon”)


ペリー

ペリー • (Perī)

A transliteration of the English surname Perry

Matthew Perry, American commodore who was influential in ending the sakoku period of Japan


羅城門

羅(ら)城(じょう)門(もん) or 羅城門(らせいもん) • (Rajōmon or Raseimon)

羅城門 (canonical)
羅城門 (canonical)
Rajōmon (romanization)
Raseimon (romanization)

[ɾa̠ʑo̞ːmõ̞ɴ]

[ɾa̠se̞ːmõ̞ɴ]

Rajōmon (a former gate in Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


祇園

祇園 (canonical)
Gion (romanization)
Giwon (romanization)
ぎをん (hiragana historical)

/ɡiwon/ → /ɡion/
Calque of Sanskrit जेतवन (Jetavana, literally “grove of Jeta”).

calque

祇樹給孤独園 祇樹給孤独園#Japanese

(Buddhism) clipping of 祇園精舎 (Gion-shōja) or 祇樹給孤独園 (Giju gikkodokuon): Jetavana, a Buddhist monastery in India


山海関

ja-pos

山(さん)海(かい)関(かん) • (Sankaikan) ^(←さんかいくわん (Sankaikwan)?)

山海関 (canonical)
Sankaikan (romanization)
Sankaikwan (romanization)
さんかいくわん (hiragana historical)

[sã̠ŋka̠ikã̠ɴ]


黒山

Daijirin
Daijisen
Muromachi period
Otogi-zōshi
ja:御伽草子
ja:松村明
ja:黒山

Compound of 黒 (kuro, “black”) + 山 (yama, “mountain”).
First cited to the 伏屋の物語 (Fuseya no Monogatari), one of the 御伽草子 (Otogi-zōshi) written during the Muromachi period (1392–1573).


松前

松前町: Matsumae (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


松前

松前町: Masaki (a town in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


グレンフェル

[ɡɯ̟ɾẽ̞ɰ̃ɸe̞ɾɯ̟]

A transliteration of the English surname Grenfell


金剛山

[kõ̞ŋɡo̞ːsã̠ɴ]

From 金剛 (kongō, “diamond”) + 山 (-san). For sense "Mount Kumgang", orthographic borrowing from Korean 금강산(金剛山) (Geumgangsan).

obor

Mount Kongō (a mountain in Osaka Prefecture, Japan)

Mount Kongō (a mountain in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)

(dated) Mount Kumgang (a mountain in Kangwon Province, North Korea)


金剛山

金剛山 (canonical)
Kumugansan (romanization)

[kɯ̟mɯ̟ɡã̠ɰ̃sã̠ɴ]


道明

ja-pos

道(どう)明(みょう) • (Dōmyō)


ぽち

ぽち (canonical)
ポチ (canonical)
Pochi (romanization)

There are various theories about the derivation:
*English spotty
*English pooch
*French petit (“small, little, petty”)


バイデン

ジョー・バイデン

A transliteration of the English surname Biden


司訳院

司(し)訳(やく)院(いん) • (Shiyakuin) ^(←しやくゐん (Syakwin)?)

司訳院 (canonical)
Shiyakuin (romanization)
Syakwin (romanization)
しやくゐん (hiragana historical)

[ɕija̠kɯ̟ĩɴ]

From Literary Chinese 司譯院／司译院 (Sīyìyuàn).

zh-l

司譯院／司译院 (Sīyìyuàn)

(historical) Bureau of Interpreters, a Korean government office concerned with translation during the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties


ラバウル

[ɾa̠ba̠ɯ̟ɾɯ̟]

From Tolai Rabaul (“Rabaul”, literally “the mangrove”), sometime before its occupation by Japan during World War II.

bor

『ラバウル小唄』

『さらばラバウル』

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English


K国

From kana initials of 韓(かん) (Kan, “Korean”) + 国(こく) (koku, “country”).

K国反応

Responses from South Korea(ns) (used commonly for provocative titles on YouTube)

(derogatory, offensive, Internet slang) South Korea (a country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula)


ケラヴァ

Kerava (a town and municipality of Uusimaa, Finland)


龍樹

ja-pos

龍(りゅう)樹(じゅ) • (Ryūju) ^(←りゆうじゆ (Ryuuzyu)?)

龍樹 (canonical)
Ryūju (romanization)
Ryuuzyu (romanization)
りゆうじゆ (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 龍樹 (MC ljowng dzyuX|dzyuH, literally “dragon + tree”), in turn a translation of Sanskrit नागार्जुन (nāgārjuna). Listed in one monolingual Japanese source as an 音訳 (on'yaku, “transcription”, literally “sound translation”) of the Sanskrit, but considering the Middle Chinese and Sanskrit phonetics, this seems unlikely.

ltc-l

(Buddhism) Nagarjuna, a second century Buddhist philosopher from India

Daijirin Daijisen Nagarjuna ja:松村明 ja:龍樹


戦国時代

戦国時代 (canonical)
Sengoku Jidai (romanization)

ja:戦国時代
ja:戦国時代 (中国)
ja:戦国時代 (日本)

[sẽ̞ŋɡo̞kɯ̟ d͡ʑida̠i]

(history) the Warring States period (of both Chinese and Japanese history)

the Warring States period of Chinese history (c. 475 – 221 BC).

the Sengoku period in Japanese history (in the 15th and 16th centuries).


阿弥陀仏

ja-pos

阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ぶつ) or 阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ぼとけ) or 阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ぶ) or 阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ほとけ) • (Amidabutsu or Amidabotoke or Amidabu or Amidahotoke)

阿弥陀仏 (canonical)
阿弥陀仏 (canonical)
阿弥陀仏 (canonical)
阿弥陀仏 (canonical)
Amidabutsu (romanization)
Amidabotoke (romanization)
Amidabu (romanization)
Amidahotoke (romanization)

阿弥陀 (“Amitābha”) + 仏 (“buddha”), Middle Chinese 阿彌陀佛 (MC 'a mjie da bjut). Compare Hindi अमिताभ बुद्ध (amitābh buddh).

cog

अमिताभ बुद्ध


済南

Jinan (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Shandong, in eastern China)


唐国

[ka̠ɾa̠kɯ̟ɲ̟i]

(archaic) China (a region and country in East Asia)


八頭

Yazu (a town in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


蜷川

[ɲ̟ina̠ɡa̠β̞a̠]


浪華

1918, Okamoto Kidō, Shinjū Naniwa no harusame [Naniwa double suicide and gentle spring rain]:

March was half over, and the light rain scattering the flowers of Naniwa could be heard until late in the evening.

三月も半ばを過ぎて、浪華の花を散らす春雨は夜の更けるまでしめやかに聞えた。

Sangatsu mo nakaba o sugite, Naniwa no hana o chirasu harusame wa yoru no fukeru made shimeyaka ni kikoeta.

alternative form of 難波: archaic placename of Osaka


富盛

富盛菊枝


受領

ja-pos

受領(うけりょう) • (Ukeryō)

[ɯ̟ke̞ɾʲo̞ː]

a place in Japan:
Ukeryō in Miho, Ibaraki


カルタゴ

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)


カルタゴ

ja:カルタゴ (コスタリカ)

Cartago (a canton of Cartago, Costa Rica)

Cartago (a city in Cartago canton, Cartago, Costa Rica)


ふえふき

[ɸɯ̟e̞ɸɯ̟kʲi]

笛吹: Fuefuki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


茅原

茅原 (canonical)
Chihara (romanization)
Tifara (romanization)
ちはら (hiragana historical)


脱亜入欧

脱(だつ)亜(あ)入(にゅう)欧(おう) • (Datsua nyūō) ^(←だつあにふおう (Datua nifuou)?)

脱亜入欧 (canonical)
Datsua nyūō (romanization)
Datua nifuou (romanization)
だつあにふおう (hiragana historical)

[da̠t͡sɨa̠ ɲ̟ɨːo̞ː]

(historical) "exit from Asia and entry into Europe", a Meiji-era political philosophy regarding the Japanese state


ウーメラ

ウーメラ • (Ūmera)

From English Woomera, ultimately from Dharug [Term?].

2020 November 16, “リエントリに向けた運用状況”, in JAXA はやぶさ２プロジェクト:

アデレードでの2週間の隔離を経て、先発隊（14名）は無事ウーメラに到着しました。

Aderēdo de no ni-shūkan no kakuri o hete, senpatsu-tai (jūyon-mei) wa muji Ūmera ni tōchaku shimashita.

After 2 weeks of isolation in Adelaide, the advance party (14 people) made it to Woomera without a hitch.


早見

早見 (canonical)
Hayami (romanization)
Fayami (romanization)
はやみ (hiragana historical)


ソ連邦

ソビエト連邦 ソビエト連邦#Japanese

clipping of ソビエト連邦 (Sobieto Renpō, “Soviet Union (a former country)”)


石狩

From Ainu, with multiple possible etymons.

ja:石狩川 ja:石狩市 ja:石狩郡

石狩国

(history) Ishikari (a province of Japan)

石狩振興局

Ishikari (a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

石狩市

Ishikari (a city in Ishikari subprefecture, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

石狩郡

Ishikari (a district of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

石狩川

Ishikari (a river in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

石狩岳

Ishikari (a mountain in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


厚田

Atsuta (a former village in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

short for 厚田郡: Atsuta District (a former district of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


新篠津

新篠津 (canonical)
Shinshinotsu (romanization)

[ɕĩɰ̃ɕino̞t͡sɨ]

新 (shin-, “neo-”) + 篠津 (Shinotsu, historical Ainu place name)

pre

新篠津村

Shinshinotsu (a village in Ishikari subprefecture, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


平間

平間智和 ― Hirama Tomokazu ― Tomokazu Hirama


浜益

浜益村: Hamamasu (a former village in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

Hamamasu District
Hamamasu District#English

浜益郡: Hamamasu District (a former district of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


当別

ja-pos

当(とう)別(べつ) • (Tōbetsu) ^(←たうべつ (Taubetu)?)

当別 (canonical)
Tōbetsu (romanization)
Taubetu (romanization)
たうべつ (hiragana historical)

Ainu トペッ (topet, literally “swamp river”)

bor

当別町

Tōbetsu (a town in Ishikari subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan)


北広島

北広島 (canonical)
Kitahiroshima (romanization)

ja:北広島市 ja:北広島町

Kitahiroshima (a city in Ishikari subprefecture, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

Kitahiroshima (a town in Yamagata district, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


恵庭

恵庭 (canonical)
Eniwa (romanization)
Wenifa (romanization)
ゑには (hiragana historical)

From Ainu エエンイワ (Een Iwa), meaning "pointed mountain".

Eniwa (a city in Ishikari subprefecture, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


七飯

七飯町: Nanae (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


木古内

Kikonai (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


知内

[ɕiɾʲiɯ̟t͡ɕi]

知内町: Shiriuchi (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


鹿部

Shikabe (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


長万部

長万部 (canonical)
Oshamanbe (romanization)

Oshamambe (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


長萬部

長萬部 (canonical)
Oshamanbe (romanization)


厚沢部

Assabu (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


江差

Borrowed from Ainu エサウㇱイ (esaus i), meaning "place where the head is on the beach" or "the cape".

Esashi (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


大八洲

ja-pos

大(おお)八(や)洲(しま) • (Ōyashima) ^(←おほやしま (Ofoyasima)?)

大八洲 (canonical)
Ōyashima (romanization)
Ofoyasima (romanization)
おほやしま (hiragana historical)

Compound of 大 (ō, “great, big”) + 八 (ya, “eight>many”) + 島 (shima, “island”),
referring to the eight islands of Japan created by Izanagi and Izanami according to the Kojiki. However, 八 (ya) was also used in various ancient compounds to mean simply many, as opposed to specifically eight, so this term may be interpreted instead to mean originally "the many islands of Japan".
This compound most often uses the less-common spelling of 洲 for the shima (“island”) portion.
First cited to a text from 849.


雲州

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 雲州 /云州 (Yúnzhōu).
# (~区) a district of Datong, Shanxi, China
#: Synonym: 雲州区 (Unshū ku)
Compound of 雲 (Clipping of 出雲 (“Izumo Province”)) + 州 (shū, “province”)

com+

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">出雲</i> (“Izumo Province”)

(historical) short for 出雲国 (Izumo no kuni, “Izumo Province, a feudal province of Japan”)


六角

ja-pos

六(ろっ)角(かく) • (Rokkaku) ^(←ろくかく (Rokukaku)?)

六角 (canonical)
Rokkaku (romanization)
Rokukaku (romanization)
ろくかく (hiragana historical)

六角義賢


参院

参(さん)院(いん) • (San'in) ^(←さんゐん (San'win)?)

参院 (canonical)
San'in (romanization)
San'win (romanization)
さんゐん (hiragana historical)

House of Councillors
House of Councillors

short for 参議院 (Sangiin, “House of Councillors”)


貞享

貞(じょう)享(きょう) • (Jōkyō)


マイン

1928, Watanabe Shirō, Ōbei no minato to koshiben no mita kuniguni [Ports of Europe and the Americas and countries viewed from a low salary worker], page 624:

60. Frankfurt am Main. City on the banks of the Main. There are two cities in Germany called “Frankfurt”.

第六十 フランクフルト、アム、マイン
 マイン河岸の都市 獨逸には「フランクフルト」と云ふ市が二つある。

dairokujū Furankufuruto, amu, Main
 Main kagan no toshi Doitsu ni wa “Furankufuruto” to ifu shi ga futatsu aru.


裕仁

裕 (“abundant, rich”) + 仁 (“benevolence”)

compound

a male given name (Hirohito, Emperor of Japan 1926-1989)


上ノ国

上ノ国 (canonical)
Kaminokuni (romanization)

Kaminokuni (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


日韓

日 (“Japan”) + 韓 (“South Korea”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 韓国 (Kankoku, “South Korea”)

blend

日韓友好

日韓議定書

日韓基本条約

the Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea

日韓併合

(chiefly attributive) Japan and South Korea


ナワリヌイ

[na̠β̞a̠ɾʲinɯ̟i]

アレクセイ・ナワリヌイ

Нава́льный Навальный#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Нава́льный (Naválʹnyj), Navalny


レーニン

ja-pos

レーニン • (Rēnin)

ウラジーミル・レーニン

Ле́нин Ленин#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Ле́нин (Lénin), Lenin


みやび

From Old Japanese. First cited in the Nihon Shoki of 720.
Derived as the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb みやぶ (“to be courtly, elegant, refined, high-quality”), in turn from 宮 (miya, “palace, imperial court”) + ぶ (bu, verb-forming suffix with a meaning of "to seem like, to have that quality").


富士の山

1929, Inobe Shigeo, Fuji no shinkō [Faith of Fuji], page 359:

The ball of cloud at the heart of Mount Fuji is struck clear and oh the joy of that illumination

富士の山心のくもり打はれて玉のひかりのほとぞうれしき

Fuji no Yama kokoro no kumori da harete tama no hikari no ho to zo ureshiki

2013, Yanagita Kunio, Nihon no densetsu [Japanese lore], page 82:

Even Japan’s number-one attraction, Mount Fuji, long ago had rivals here and there.

日本一の富士の山でも、昔はほうぼうに競争者がありました。

Nihon ichi no Fuji no Yama de mo, mukashi wa hōbō ni kyōsōsha ga arimashita.


鶏林

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 계림(鷄林) (Gyerim).

obor

鶏林八道


蛤蟆塘

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蛤蟆塘 (Hámatáng).

1906, 大和田建樹, 天谷秀, 満韓鉄道唱歌
血戰著名の蛤蟆塘
kessen chomei no Kōmotō
infamous site of a bloodbath Hamat'ang

(historical) Hamatang (a town in Liaoning, China), site of a battle during the Russo-Japanese War


キャサリン

[kʲa̠sa̠ɾʲĩɴ]

A transliteration of the English female given name Catherine


グレゴリー

[ɡɯ̟ɾe̞ɡo̞ɾʲiː]


江頭

[e̞ɡa̠ɕiɾa̠]


落石

a neighborhood of Monbetsu, Hokkaido Prefecture

an area near the base of Nemuro Peninsula in Nemuro city, Hokkaido Prefecture


落石

former name of Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky, a town in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia


東山道

(historical) a former district of Japan, extending from central through northeastern Honshu

東山

Tōsan, contemporary region encompassing part of the district


産霊

ja-pos

産(むす)霊(ひ) or 産(むす)霊(び) or 産(むす)霊(ぶ) • (Musuhi or Musubi or Musubu)

産霊 (canonical)
産霊 (canonical)
産霊 (canonical)
Musuhi (romanization)
Musubi (romanization)
Musubu (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?], 産す (musu, “to birth”) + 霊 (hi, “spirit”)

af

産霊の神

高御産巣日神 / 高皇産霊尊

Takamimusuhi no Kami / Takamimusuhi no Mikoto


葱嶺

(historical) the Pamirs (a mountain range in Central Asia)


ヴィクトル

[bʲikɯ̟to̞ɾɯ̟]


摩虎羅

Twelve Heavenly Generals
w:Twelve Heavenly Generals

(Buddhism) Makora, Mahāla (one of the Twelve Heavenly Generals who protect Bhaiṣajyaguru, the Buddha of healing)

薬師如来

薬師如来 やくしにょらい


梁山

South Gyeongsang
South Gyeongsang#English

Yangsan (a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea)


梁山

Mount Liang (a mountain in Liangshan, Shandong, China)

Liangshan (a county of Jining, Shandong, China)


威海衛

ja-pos

威(い)海(かい)衛(えい) • (Ikaiei) ^(←ゐかいゑい (Wikaiwei)?)

威海衛 (canonical)
Ikaiei (romanization)
Wikaiwei (romanization)
ゐかいゑい (hiragana historical)

(historical) Weihaiwei (a concession in China)


縦横家

縦(じゅう)横(おう)家(か) • (Jūōka)

[d͡ʑɨːo̞ːka̠]


信州

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 信州 (Xìnzhōu)
# (historical) Xinzhou (a historical state in China; modern Chongqing)
Compound of 信 (Clipping of 信濃 (“Shinano Province”)) + 州 (shū, “province”)

com+

Clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">信濃</i> (“Shinano Province”)

(historical) short for 信濃国 (Shinano no kuni, “Shinano Province, a feudal province of Japan”)

信濃国

信州そば

(by extension, poetic) Nagano (a prefecture of Japan)


信濃国

信濃国 (canonical)
Shinano no Kuni (romanization)

(historical) Shinano Province, a historical prefecture of Japan in present-day Nagano prefecture


ジェーン

ja-pos

ジェーン • (Jēn)


ジェニー

ジェニー • (Jenī)


漢委奴国王印

^かん の ^わ の ^な の ^こくおう の ^いん

漢(かんの)委(わの)奴(なの)国(こく)王(おうの)印(いん) • (Kan no Wa no Na no Kokuō no In)

漢委奴国王印 (canonical)
Kan no Wa no Na no Kokuō no In (romanization)

漢 (Kan, “Han”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 委 (Wa) + の + 奴 (Na) + の + 国王 (kokuō, “king”) + の + 印 (in, “seal”)

af

かんのわのなのこくおうのいん


倭奴国

ja-pos

^わ の ^な の ^くに

倭奴国 (canonical)
Wa no Na no Kuni (romanization)

倭 (Wa) + の (no, genitive marker) + 奴国 (Na no Kuni)


奴国

ja-pos

奴(なの)国(くに) or 奴(な)国(こく) • (Na no Kuni or Nakoku)

奴国 (canonical)
奴国 (canonical)
Na no Kuni (romanization)
Nakoku (romanization)

奴 (Na, literally “slave”) + 国 (kuni, koku, “country”). See also 倭奴 (wado, wanu, “Japanese person/people”, literally “Wa slave(s)”).


狗奴国

ja-pos

狗(く)奴(ぬ)国(こく) or 狗(く)奴(な)国(こく) or 狗(く)奴(なの)国(くに) • (Kunukoku or Kunakoku or Kuna no Kuni)

狗奴国 (canonical)
狗奴国 (canonical)
狗奴国 (canonical)
Kunukoku (romanization)
Kunakoku (romanization)
Kuna no Kuni (romanization)

an ancient Japanese state that rivaled 邪馬台国 (Yamataikoku)


東国

the eight eastern provinces that are now Kantō


性夜

Blend of 性 (sei, “sex”) + 聖夜 (seiya, “Christmas Eve”). Christmas is associated with the romance of young couples in Japan.

blend

(Internet slang, humorous, pun) Christmas Eve, as a night of sexual activity between young couples


聖夜

聖夜 (canonical)
Seiya (romanization)
せいや (hiragana historical)

From 聖(せい) (sei, “saint; holy”) + 夜(や) (ya, “night”).


銀傘

ja:阪神甲子園球場#銀傘


西表島

西表島 (canonical)
Iriomote-Jima (romanization)

Iriomote Island (the largest of the Yaeyama Islands of Japan)


鎮西

Derivation uncertain.
In 743, the govermental name 大宰府 (Dazaifu) was renamed to Chinzeifu.


ロストジェネレーション

ja-pos

ロスト ジェネレーション

[ɾo̞sɨto̞ d͡ʑe̞ne̞ɾe̞ːɕõ̞ɴ]


酒々井

Shisui (a town in Inba district, Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


梁山泊

梁山泊 (canonical)
Ryōzanpaku (romanization)

a place near Mount Liang in Water Margin where all 108 heroes gather


道議会

北海道議会 w:ja:北海道議会

clipping of 北海道議会 (Hokkaidō Gikai, “Hokkaido Prefectural Assembly”)


道会

北海道議会 w:ja:北海道議会


小笠原群島

小(お)笠(がさ)原(わら)群(ぐん)島(とう) • (Ogasawara Guntō)

小笠原群島 (canonical)
Ogasawara Guntō (romanization)

the Bonin Islands (an archipelago of Japan)


一戸

a town in Ninohe district, Iwate Prefecture, Japan


三戸

a town in Sannohe district, Aomori Prefecture, Japan


七戸

七戸 (canonical)
Shichinohe (romanization)

a town in Kamikita district, Aomori Prefecture, Japan


倭奴国王印

^わ の ^な の ^こくおう の ^いん

倭(わの)奴(なの)国(こく)王(おうの)印(いん) • (Wa no Na no Kokuō no In)

倭奴国王印 (canonical)
Wa no Na no Kokuō no In (romanization)

漢倭奴国王印 漢倭奴国王印#Japanese

short for 漢倭奴国王印 (Kan no Wa no Na no Kokuō no In)


呉越

Wu and Yue (two ancient rival Chinese states)


日華

日 (“Japan”) + 華 (“China”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 中華 (Chūka, “China”)

blend

日華平和条約

the Japan-China Peace Treaty (when the Republic of China in Taiwan was recognized as the legitimate representative of China)

日華基本条約

(chiefly attributive) synonym of 日中 (Nitchū, “Japan and China”)


日伊

日 (“Japan”) + 伊 (“Italy”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 伊太利 (Itaria, “Italy”)

日伊協会


日鮮

日 (“Japan”) + 鮮 (“(North) Korea”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 朝鮮 (Chōsen, “(North) Korea”)

(chiefly attributive) synonym of 日朝 (Nitchō, “Japan and (North) Korea”)


日印

日 (“Japan”) + 印 (“India”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 印度 (Indo, “India”)

日印協会


日英

日 (“Japan”) + 英 (“England; Britain”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 英国 (Eikoku, “England; Britain”)

日英協会

日英修好通商条約

the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce

日英通商航海条約

the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation

日英同盟


日豪

日 (“Japan”) + 豪 (“Australia”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 豪州 (Gōshū, “Australia”)

日豪通商協定

the Australia-Japan Agreement on Commerce

(chiefly attributive) Japan and Australia


日独

日 (“Japan”) + 独 (“Germany”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 独逸 (Doitsu, “Germany”)

日独協会


日満

日 (“Japan”) + 満 (“Manchuria”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 満州 (Manshū, “Manchuria”)

日満議定書

(history, chiefly attributive) Japan and Manchuria


日蘭

日 (“Japan”) + 蘭 (“Netherlands”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 阿蘭陀 (Oranda, “Netherlands”)

(chiefly attributive) Japan and the Netherlands


日清

日 (“Japan”) + 清 (“Qing”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 清国 (Shinkoku, “Qing's China”)

日清修好条規

the Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty

(history, chiefly attributive) Japan and China under the Qing dynasty


日ロ

Blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + ロシア (Roshia, “Russia”)

日ロ平和条約


日露

日 (“Japan”) + 露 (“Russia”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 露西亜 (Roshia, “Russia”)

alternative spelling of 日ロ (Nichiro, “Japan and Russia”)


日ソ

Blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + ソビエト (Sobieto, “Soviet”)

日ソ基本条約

日ソ共同宣言

日ソ中立条約

(history, chiefly attributive) Japan and the Soviet Union


日台

日 (“Japan”) + 台 (“Taiwan”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 台湾 (“Taiwan”)

日台関係


日独伊

日独伊 (canonical)
Nichidokui (romanization)

日 (“Japan”) + 独 (“Germany”) + 伊 (“Italy”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 独逸 (Doitsu, “Germany”) + 伊太利 (Itaria, “Italy”)

blend

(日独伊)三国同盟

the Tripartite Pact (between Japan, Germany and Italy)

(日独伊)防共協定

the Anti-Comintern Pact (between Japan, Germany and Italy)

(history, chiefly attributive) Japan, Germany and Italy


独伊

独 (“Germany”) + 伊 (“Italy”) or blend of 独逸 (Doitsu, “Germany”) + 伊太利 (Itaria, “Italy”)


老子道徳経

ja-pos

老(ろう)子(し)道(どう)徳(とく)経(きょう) • (Rōshi Dōtokukyō) ^(←らうしだうとくきやう (Rausi Dautokukyau)?)

老子道徳経 (canonical)
Rōshi Dōtokukyō (romanization)
Rausi Dautokukyau (romanization)
らうしだうとくきやう (hiragana historical)

[ɾo̞ːɕi do̞ːto̞kɯ̟kʲo̞ː]

Compound of 老子 (Rōshi, “Laozi, the ancient Chinese philosopher”) + 道徳経 (Dōtokukyō, “Tao Te Ching”).


贓贖司

ja-pos

^あがないもの の ^つかさ

贓贖(あがないものの)司(つかさ) • (Aganaimono no Tsukasa)

贓贖司 (canonical)
Aganaimono no Tsukasa (romanization)

贖物 (aganaimono, “fine; damages”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “office; official”)

af

(history, law enforcement) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position under the 刑部省 (Gyōbushō, “Ministry of Justice”), responsible for asset forfeiture


主油司

主油司 (canonical)
Abura no Tsukasa (romanization)

油 (abura, “oil”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “office”)

(history, government) a 律令 (ritsuryō) office under the 宮内省 (Kunaishō, “Ministry of the Imperial Household”), responsible for managing animal and plant oil production


市司

市司 (canonical)
Ichi no Tsukasa (romanization)

市 (ichi, “market(place)”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “office; official”)

(history, government) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position responsible for managing marketplaces


刑部省

ja-pos

刑(ぎょう)部(ぶ)省(しょう) • (Gyōbushō) ^(←ぎゃうぶしゃう (Gyaubusyau)?)

刑部省 (canonical)
Gyōbushō (romanization)
Gyaubusyau (romanization)
ぎゃうぶしゃう (hiragana historical)

[ɡʲo̞ːbɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

刑部 (“Ministry of Justice”) + 省 (“ministry”). Unlike in China, Korea and Vietnam, 部 has never been used to mean "ministry" and was merely fossilized in ministry names borrowed from Chinese, hence the apparent redundancy.

suf

(historical, government, law enforcement) the Ministry of Justice


刑部省

ja-pos

うったえ ただす つかさ

うったへ ただす つかさ

刑部(うたえただす)省(つかさ) or 刑部(うったえただす)省(つかさ) • (Utae Tadasu Tsukasa or Uttae Tadasu Tsukasa) ^(←うたへただすつかさ (Utafe Tadasu Tukasa) or うったへただすつかさ (Uttafe Tadasu Tukasa)?)

刑部省 (canonical)
刑部省 (canonical)
Utae Tadasu Tsukasa (romanization)
Uttae Tadasu Tsukasa (romanization)
Utafe Tadasu Tukasa (romanization)
Uttafe Tadasu Tukasa (romanization)
うたへただすつかさ (hiragana historical)
うったへただすつかさ (hiragana historical)

訴え (utae, uttae, “lawsuit; action”) + 糺す (tadasu, “to investigate”) + 司 (tsukasa, “office”)


刑部省

ja-pos

刑部(うたえの)省(つかさ) • (Utae no Tsukasa) ^(←うたへのつかさ (Utafe no Tukasa)?)

刑部省 (canonical)
Utae no Tsukasa (romanization)
Utafe no Tukasa (romanization)
うたへのつかさ (hiragana historical)

訴え (utae, “lawsuit; action”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “office”)


楽官

ja-pos

^うたまい の ^つかさ

楽官 (canonical)
Utamai no Tsukasa (romanization)

歌舞 (utamai, “singing and dancing”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 官 (tsukasa, “office; official”)

af

(history, government, music) all 律令 (ritsuryō) offices responsible for court musical activities

(history, government, music) all 律令 (ritsuryō) officials responsible for court musical activities

(history, government, music) synonym of 雅楽寮 (Gagakuryō)


雅楽寮

雅楽寮 (canonical)
Gagakuryō (romanization)

[ɡa̠ɡa̠kɯ̟ɾʲo̞ː]

(history, government, music) a 律令 (ritsuryō) department under the 治部省 (Jibushō, “Ministry of Ceremonies”), responsible for court musical activities


雅楽寮

[ɯ̟ta̠ɾʲo̞ː]


雅楽寮

ja-pos

雅楽(うた)寮(づかさ) or 雅楽(うた)寮(つかさ) • (Utazukasa or Utatsukasa)

雅楽寮 (canonical)
雅楽寮 (canonical)
Utazukasa (romanization)
Utatsukasa (romanization)


雅楽寮

雅楽寮 (canonical)
Uta no Tsukasa (romanization)

歌 (uta, “song”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 寮 (tsukasa, “office”)


雅楽寮

ja-pos

^うたまい の ^つかさ

雅楽寮 (canonical)
Utamai no Tsukasa (romanization)

alternative spelling of 楽官 (“officials in charge of court musical activities”)


内礼司

内礼司 (canonical)
Nairaishi (romanization)

(history, government) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position under the 中務省 (Nakatsukasashō, “Ministry of the Center”), responsible for conducting court rituals


内礼司

^うち の ^いや の ^つかさ

内(うちの)礼(いやの)司(つかさ) • (Uchi no Iya no Tsukasa)

内礼司 (canonical)
Uchi no Iya no Tsukasa (romanization)

内 (uchi, “inside”, as in "inside the court") + の (no, genitive marker) + 礼 (iya, “ritual”) + の + 司 (tsukasa, “office; official”)


後宮十二司

ja-pos

後(こう)宮(きゅう)十(じゅう)二(に)司(し) • (Kōkyū Jūnishi)

後宮十二司 (canonical)
Kōkyū Jūnishi (romanization)

後宮(こうきゅう) (kōkyū, “Inner Palace”) + 十二司(じゅうにし) (jūnishi, “Twelve Positions”)

ja-compound

(history) the twelve 律令 (ritsuryō) positions inside the Japanese Imperial Inner Palace


内侍司

内侍司 (canonical)
Naishi no Tsukasa (romanization)

内侍 (“lady-in-waiting”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)

af

(history) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that attends to the Emperor


蔵司

蔵司 (canonical)
Kurazukasa (romanization)

(history, clothing) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that manages the Emperor and Empress's wardrobe


蔵司

蔵司 (canonical)
Kura no Tsukasa (romanization)

蔵 (“storehouse”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)


内蔵寮

蔵 (kura, “storehouse”) + 寮 (ryō, “department”)

(history, government) a 律令 (ritsuryō) treasury department under the 中務省 (Nakatsukasashō, “Ministry of the Center”)


内蔵寮

内蔵寮 (canonical)
Kurazukasa (romanization)

蔵 (kura, “storehouse”) + 寮 (tsukasa, “office”)


内蔵寮

内蔵寮 (canonical)
Kura no Tsukasa (romanization)

蔵 (kura, “storehouse”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 寮 (tsukasa, “office”)


内蔵寮

ja-pos

^うち の ^くら の ^つかさ

内(うちの)蔵(くらの)寮(つかさ) • (Uchi no Kura no Tsukasa)

内蔵寮 (canonical)
Uchi no Kura no Tsukasa (romanization)

内蔵 (uchi no kura, “treasury”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 寮 (tsukasa, “office”)


書司

(history) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that manages books and stationery


書司

ja-pos

書(ふみの)司(つかさ) or 書(ふんの)司(つかさ) • (Fumi no Tsukasa or Fun no Tsukasa)

書司 (canonical)
書司 (canonical)
Fumi no Tsukasa (romanization)
Fun no Tsukasa (romanization)

From 書 (“writing material”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”).

af

alternative spelling of 図書寮 (Fumi no Tsukasa)


図書寮

ja-pos

図(ず)書(しょ)寮(りょう) or 図(と)書(しょ)寮(りょう) • (Zushoryō or Toshoryō)

図書寮 (canonical)
図書寮 (canonical)
Zushoryō (romanization)
Toshoryō (romanization)

(history, government) a 律令 (ritsuryō) department under the 中務省 (Nakatsukasashō, “Ministry of the Center”), responsible for managing books and stationery used by officials

(history, government) a Meiji department under the 宮内省 (Kunaishō, “Ministry of the Imperial Household”), responsible for managing books for the Imperial Household


図書寮

図書寮 (canonical)
Fumi no Tsukasa (romanization)

From 書 (“writing material”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“office”).


薬司

(history, medicine) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that manages medicines


薬司

薬司 (canonical)
Kusuri no Tsukasa (romanization)

薬 (“medicine”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)


典薬寮

典薬寮 (canonical)
Ten'yakuryō (romanization)

(history, government, medicine) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position under the 宮内省 (Kunaishō, “Ministry of the Imperial Household”), responsible for providing medicines and medical treatments for the court


典薬寮

典薬寮 (canonical)
Kusuri no Tsukasa (romanization)

薬 (“medicine”) + の (genitive marker) + 寮 (“position”)


兵司

ja-pos

^つわもの の ^つかさ

兵司 (canonical)
Tsuwamono no Tsukasa (romanization)

兵 (“soldier”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)

af

(history, weaponry) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that manages weapons


兵司

ja-pos

兵(へい)司(し) or 兵(ひょう)司(し) • (Heishi or Hyōshi)

兵司 (canonical)
兵司 (canonical)
Heishi (romanization)
Hyōshi (romanization)


兵部省

兵(ひょう)部(ぶ)省(しょう) • (Hyōbushō) ^(←ひゃうぶしゃう (Fyaubusyau)?)

兵部省 (canonical)
Hyōbushō (romanization)
Fyaubusyau (romanization)
ひゃうぶしゃう (hiragana historical)

[ço̞ːbɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

兵部 (“Ministry of War”) + 省 (“ministry”). Unlike in China, Korea and Vietnam, 部 has never been used to mean "ministry" and was merely fossilized in ministry names borrowed from Chinese, hence the apparent redundancy.

(historical, government, military) the Ministry of War


兵部省

^つわもの の ^つかさ

兵(つわものの)部省(つかさ) • (Tsuwamono no Tsukasa)

兵部省 (canonical)
Tsuwamono no Tsukasa (romanization)

兵 (tsuwamono, “soldier”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “position”)


八省

(history, government) the eight 律令 (ritsuryō) ministries


中務

中務 (canonical)
Nakatsukasa (romanization)

From 中 (naka, “center, middle”) + 司 (tsukasa, “position”).

com

(historical, government) clipping of 中務省 (Nakatsukasa-shō): the Ministry of the Center under the imperial 律令 (Ritsuryo) system

中務省

三十六歌仙 三十六歌仙#Japanese

mid-Heian period poet and one of the 三十六歌仙 (Sanjūrokkasen, “thirty-six immortals of poetry”)


中務省

ja-pos

中(なか)務(つかさ)省(しょう) • (Nakatsukasashō) ^(←なかつかさしゃう (Nakatukasasyau)?)

中務省 (canonical)
Nakatsukasashō (romanization)
Nakatukasasyau (romanization)
なかつかさしゃう (hiragana historical)

(historical, government) the Ministry of the Center


中務省

^なか の ^まつりごと の ^つかさ

中(なかの)務(まつりごとの)省(つかさ) • (Naka no Matsurigoto no Tsukasa)

中務省 (canonical)
Naka no Matsurigoto no Tsukasa (romanization)

[na̠ka̠ no̞ ma̠t͡sɨɾʲiɡo̞to̞ no̞ t͡sɨka̠sa̠]

中 (naka, “center”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 政 (matsurigoto, “governance”) + の + 司 (tsukasa, “position”)


中務省

中務省 (canonical)
Naka no Tsukasa (romanization)

中 (naka, “center”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “position”)


中務省

ja-pos

中(ちゅう)務(む)省(しょう) • (Chūmushō) ^(←ちゅうむしゃう (Tyuumusyau)?)

中務省 (canonical)
Chūmushō (romanization)
Tyuumusyau (romanization)
ちゅうむしゃう (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕɨːmɯ̟ɕo̞ː]


式部

clipping of 式部省 (Shikibushō, “Ministry of Ceremonial Affairs”)


式部省

式(しき)部(ぶ)省(しょう) • (Shikibushō) ^(←しきぶしゃう (Sikibusyau)?)

式部省 (canonical)
Shikibushō (romanization)
Sikibusyau (romanization)
しきぶしゃう (hiragana historical)

[ɕi̥kʲibɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

式部 (literally “Ministry of Ceremonies”) + 省 (“ministry”). 式部 seems to have been modeled after Chinese-styled ministry names with 部 (bu, “ministry”), in parallel with other similarly named ones such as 民部省 (Minbushō, literally “Ministry of Ministry of People”) and 兵部省 (Hyōbushō, literally “Ministry of Ministry of Soldiers”). Unlike in China, Korea and Vietnam, 部 has never been used to mean "ministry" and was merely fossilized in ministry names borrowed from Chinese, hence the apparent redundancy.

af

(historical, government) the Ministry of Ceremonial Affairs


式部省

ja-pos

式部(のりの)省(つかさ) or 式部(のんの)省(つかさ) • (Nori no Tsukasa or Non no Tsukasa)

式部省 (canonical)
式部省 (canonical)
Nori no Tsukasa (romanization)
Non no Tsukasa (romanization)

法 (nori, “law”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “position”)


治部

(historical, government) clipping of 治部省 (Jibushō, “Ministry of Ceremonies”)

(historical, government) a government official in the Ministry of Ceremonies


治部省

ja-pos

治(じ)部(ぶ)省(しょう) • (Jibushō) ^(←ぢぶしゃう (Dibusyau)?)

治部省 (canonical)
Jibushō (romanization)
Dibusyau (romanization)
ぢぶしゃう (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑibɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

治部 (literally “Ministry of Governance”) + 省 (“ministry”). 治部 seems to have been modeled after Chinese-styled ministry names with 部 (bu, “ministry”), in parallel with other similarly named ones such as 民部省 (Minbushō, literally “Ministry of Ministry of People”) and 兵部省 (Hyōbushō, literally “Ministry of Ministry of Soldiers”). Unlike in China, Korea and Vietnam, 部 has never been used to mean "ministry" and was merely fossilized in ministry names borrowed from Chinese, hence the apparent redundancy.

suf

(historical, government) the Ministry of Ceremonies


治部省

ja-pos

治部(おさむる)省(つかさ) • (Osamuru Tsukasa) ^(←をさむるつかさ (Wosamuru Tukasa)?)

治部省 (canonical)
Osamuru Tsukasa (romanization)
Wosamuru Tukasa (romanization)
をさむるつかさ (hiragana historical)

治むる (wosamuru, attributive of archaic 治む (wosamu, “to rule; to reign”)) + 省 (“agency”)

af

attributive of archaic <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">治む</i> (wosamu, “to rule; to reign”)


民部省

ja-pos

民(みん)部(ぶ)省(しょう) • (Minbushō) ^(←みんぶしゃう (Minbusyau)?)

民部省 (canonical)
Minbushō (romanization)
Minbusyau (romanization)
みんぶしゃう (hiragana historical)

[mʲĩmbɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

民部 (“Ministry of Popular Affairs”) + 省 (“ministry”). Unlike in China, Korea and Vietnam, 部 has never been used to mean "ministry" and was merely fossilized in ministry names borrowed from Chinese, hence the apparent redundancy.

af

(historical, government) the Ministry of Popular Affairs


民部省

民部省 (canonical)
Tami no Tsukasa (romanization)

民 (tami, “citizen; subject”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “position”)


大蔵省

ja-pos

大(おお)蔵(くら)省(しょう) • (Ōkurashō) ^(←おほくらしゃう (Ofokurasyau)?)

大蔵省 (canonical)
Ōkurashō (romanization)
Ofokurasyau (romanization)
おほくらしゃう (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːkɯ̟ɾa̠ɕo̞ː]

(historical, government, finance) the Ministry of the Treasury

(obsolete, government, finance) synonym of 財務省 (Zaimushō, “Ministry of Finance”)


大蔵省

^おおくら の ^つかさ

^おおいくら の ^つかさ

^おほくら の ^つかさ

^おほいくら の ^つかさ

大(おお)蔵(くらの)省(つかさ) or 大(おおい)蔵(くらの)省(つかさ) • (Ōkura no Tsukasa or Ōikura no Tsukasa) ^(←おほくらのつかさ (Ofokura no Tukasa) or おほいくらのつかさ (Ofoikura no Tukasa)?)

大蔵省 (canonical)
大蔵省 (canonical)
Ōkura no Tsukasa (romanization)
Ōikura no Tsukasa (romanization)
Ofokura no Tukasa (romanization)
Ofoikura no Tukasa (romanization)
おほくらのつかさ (hiragana historical)
おほいくらのつかさ (hiragana historical)

大蔵 (“treasury”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)


宮内省

ja-pos

宮(く)内(ない)省(しょう) • (Kunaishō) ^(←くないしゃう (Kunaisyau)?)

宮内省 (canonical)
Kunaishō (romanization)
Kunaisyau (romanization)
くないしゃう (hiragana historical)

宮内 (“inside the court”) + 省 (“ministry”)

af

(historical, government, monarchy) the Ministry of the Imperial Household


宮内省

ja-pos

^みや の ^うち の ^つかさ

宮(みやの)内(うちの)省(つかさ) • (Miya no Uchi no Tsukasa)

宮内省 (canonical)
Miya no Uchi no Tsukasa (romanization)

宮 (miya, “palace; court”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 内 (uchi, “inside”) + の + 司 (tsukasa, “position”)


闈司

(history) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that manages receipts and the key to the imperial gate


闈司

御門 (“imperial gate”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)


殿司

(history) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that's responsible for cleaning outside and lighting the palace


殿司

ja-pos

殿(とのもり)司(づかさ) or 殿(とのも)司(づかさ) • (Tonomorizukasa or Tonomozukasa)

殿司 (canonical)
殿司 (canonical)
Tonomorizukasa (romanization)
Tonomozukasa (romanization)

殿守 (tonomori, “palace upkeep”) + 司 (tsukasa, “position”)


掃司

(history) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that's responsible for maintaining and cleaning the court interior


掃司

ja-pos

^かにもり の ^つかさ

掃(かもり)司(づかさ) or 掃(かにもりの)司(つかさ) • (Kamori Zukasa or Kanimori no Tsukasa)

掃司 (canonical)
掃司 (canonical)
Kamori Zukasa (romanization)
Kanimori no Tsukasa (romanization)


水司

Sino-Japanese reading of Moi(tori) no Tsukasa below.

(history) a 律令 (Ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “inner palace”) that manages water and ice


水司

^もいとり の ^つかさ

水(もいの)司(つかさ) or 水(もいとりの)司(つかさ) • (Moi no Tsukasa or Moitori no Tsukasa)

水司 (canonical)
水司 (canonical)
Moi no Tsukasa (romanization)
Moitori no Tsukasa (romanization)

From 水 (moi, “drinkable water”) or 水取り (moitori, “water-bearer”) + の (no, genitive particle) + 司 (tsukasa, “government office”, especially in medieval/early-modern Japan)

com

alternative spelling of 主水司 (Moitori no Tsukasa)


膳司

(history) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that manages food


膳司

ja-pos

^かしわで の ^つかさ

膳司 (canonical)
Kashiwade no Tsukasa (romanization)

膳 (“cook”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)


酒司

酒司 (canonical)
Miki no Tsukasa (romanization)

From 御酒 (miki, “imperial liquor”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 司 (tsukasa, “government position”).

com

(historical) a 律令 (Ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (kōkyū, “inner palace”) that is responsible for brewing liquor

ministry of the imperial household
宮内省#Japanese

alternative spelling of 造酒司 (Miki no Tsukasa): a similar position in the ministry of the imperial household


酒司

Sino-Japanese reading of Miki no Tsukasa.

(historical) a 律令 (Ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “inner palace”) that is responsible for brewing liquor


造酒司

(history) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position under the 宮内省 (Kunaishō, “Ministry of the Imperial Household”), responsible for brewing liquor for the court


造酒司

造酒司 (canonical)
Miki no Tsukasa (romanization)

御酒 (“imperial liquor”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)


十二司

後宮十二司 後宮十二司#Japanese


縫司

縫司 (canonical)
Nui no Tsukasa (romanization)

縫 (“sewing”) + の (genitive marker) + 司 (“position”)

(history, clothing) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position in the 後宮 (Kōkyū, “Seraglio”) that's responsible for tailoring and dressmaking


李部

李部 (canonical)
李部 (canonical)
Ribu (romanization)
Rihō (romanization)


礼部省

(history, government) synonym of 治部省 (Jibushō, “Ministry of Ceremonies”) (older name)


工部省

(history, government) the Ministry of Public Works


三省

(history, government, of feudal Japan) the three most important 律令 (ritsuryō) ministries (式部省, 民部省 and 兵部省)

(history, government, of feudal China) the Three Departments (中書省, 門下省 and 尚書省)


門下省

(history, government, of feudal China) the Chancellery


尚書省

尚書省 (canonical)
Shōshoshō (romanization)

(history, government, of feudal China) the Department of State Affairs


詩経

(literature, poetry) the Classic of Poetry


弾正台

(history, law enforcement) a type of 律令 (ritsuryō) law enforcement agency

(history, law enforcement) a type of law enforcement agency during the Meiji period


弾正台

弾正台 (canonical)
Tadasu Tsukasa (romanization)

糺す (tadasu, “to investigate”) + 司 (tsukasa, “office”)


陰陽寮

(history, government, astronomy, divination) a 律令 (ritsuryō) department under the 中務省 (Nakatsukasashō, “Ministry of the Center”), responsible for astronomical, timekeeping and divination affairs


陰陽寮

ja-pos

^おんよう の ^つかさ

陰陽寮 (canonical)
On'yō no Tsukasa (romanization)

陰陽 (“yin-yang”) + の (genitive marker) + 寮 (“office”)


陰陽寮

陰陽寮 (canonical)
Ura no Tsukasa (romanization)

占 (ura, “divination”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 寮 (tsukasa, “office”)


木工寮

(history, government, carpentry) a 律令 (ritsuryō) woodworking position under the 宮内省 (Kunaishō, “Ministry of the Imperial Household”), responsible for building and maintaining court buildings


木工寮

ja-pos

^こだくみ の ^つかさ

木(こ)工(だくみの)寮(つかさ) • (Kodakumi no Tsukasa)

木工寮 (canonical)
Kodakumi no Tsukasa (romanization)

木工 (“woodworker”) + の (genitive marker) + 寮 (“position”)


主税

大石主税


主税寮

主税寮 (canonical)
Shuzeiryō (romanization)

[ɕɨze̞ːɾʲo̞ː]

(history, government, taxation) a 律令 (ritsuryō) department under the 民部省 (Minbushō, “Ministry of Popular Affairs”), responsible for collecting rice as taxes


主税寮

主税寮 (canonical)
Chikararyō (romanization)

[t͡ɕika̠ɾa̠ɾʲo̞ː]

税 (chikara, “tax”) + 寮 (ryō, “position”)


主税寮

主税寮 (canonical)
Chikara no Tsukasa (romanization)

税 (chikara, “tax”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 寮 (tsukasa, “position”)


靫負

ja-pos

靫負(ゆげい) or 靫(ゆぎ)負(え) or 靫(ゆぎ)負(おい) or 靫(ゆき)負(え) or 靫(ゆき)負(おい) • (Yugei or Yugie or Yugioi or Yukie or Yukioi)

靫負 (canonical)
靫負 (canonical)
靫負 (canonical)
靫負 (canonical)
靫負 (canonical)
Yugei (romanization)
Yugie (romanization)
Yugioi (romanization)
Yukie (romanization)
Yukioi (romanization)

/juɡiopi/ → /juɡipe/ → /juɡie/ → /juɡei/
Old Japanese [Term?], 靫 (yugi, yuki, “quiver”) + 負 (oi, “carriers”).

af

(history, military) one of the armed forces for the Yamato court before the Taika era


大炊寮

ja-pos

大(おお)炊(い)寮(りょう) • (Ōiryō)

大炊 (ōi, “great meal”) + 寮 (ryō, “position”)

af

(history, government) a 律令 (ritsuryō) position under the 宮内省 (Kunaishō, “Ministry of the Imperial Household”), responsible for collecting rice and paying it to officials


大炊寮

大炊 (ōi, “great meal”) + 寮 (tsukasa, “position”)


大炊寮

大炊寮 (canonical)
Ōi no Tsukasa (romanization)

大炊 (ōi, “great meal”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 寮 (tsukasa, “position”)


大嘗

ja-pos

大(おお)嘗(なめ) or 大(だい)嘗(じょう) • (Ōname or Daijō)

大嘗 (canonical)
大嘗 (canonical)
Ōname (romanization)
Daijō (romanization)


大嘗祭

^おおにえ の ^まつり

大(だい)嘗(じょう)祭(さい) or 大(おお)嘗(なめ)祭(まつり) or 大(おお)嘗(にえの)祭(まつり) • (Daijōsai or Ōnamematsuri or Ōnie no Matsuri)

大嘗祭 (canonical)
大嘗祭 (canonical)
大嘗祭 (canonical)
Daijōsai (romanization)
Ōnamematsuri (romanization)
Ōnie no Matsuri (romanization)

(Shinto) a grand ritual to give thanks to the gods after the enthronement of the Emperor


一行寺

一行寺 (canonical)
ichigyō-ji (romanization)

[it͡ɕiɡʲo̞ː d͡ʑi]

Ichigyõ-ji, a Buddhist temple in Kawasaki

Ichigyõ-ji, a Buddhist temple in Tattoro


可愛岳

a mountain in Nobeoka, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan


国際歌

国際歌 (canonical)
Kokusaika (romanization)


佃島

佃島 (canonical)
Tsukudajima (romanization)

a food said to originate from the island


馬尼剌

obsolete spelling of マニラ (Manira) (= Manila): the capital city of the Philippines


鴻巣

Kōnosu (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


哈爾浜

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 哈爾濱 /哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn, “Harbin”).

obor

1957, 広島大学水畜産学部紀要 [Journal of the Faculty of Fisheries and Animal Husbandry, Hiroshima University], volumes 1-2, Fukuyama, Japan: Faculty of Fisheries and Animal Husbandry, Hiroshima University, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 182:

The central plains of Manchuria are […] divided into two parts, north and south, the northern plains being centered on a line between Harbin and Qiqihar.

満洲中央平原は[…]南北に二分せられ、北方平原は哈爾浜・斉々哈爾の線を中心とする平原であるが

Manshū chūō heigen wa […] nanboku ni ni-bu serare, hoppō heigen wa Harubin Chichiharu no sen o chūshin to suru heigen dearuga

alternative spelling of ハルビン (“Harbin (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, in northeastern China)”)


任那

→ English: Mimana

Mimana, a place in ancient Korea mentioned repeatedly in the Nihon Shoki; its true identity is still debated.


回天

(weaponry) Kaiten, crewed torpedoes and suicide craft used by the Imperial Japanese Navy in the final stages of World War II


首里

首里 (canonical)
Shuri (romanization)
Syuri (romanization)
しゆり (hiragana historical)

Borrowed from Okinawan 首里 (Shuri), an earlier form of 首里 (Sui).

Shuri (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)

(historical) Shuri (the capital of the Ryūkyū Kingdom)


深雪

[ɕĩɰ̃se̞t͡sɨ]


首都圏

この法律で「首都圏」とは、東京都の区域及び政令で定めるその周辺の地域を一体とした広域をいう。

1956, 首都圏整備法 (National Capital Region Planning Act), Article 2

The law defines the National Capital Region as Tokyo and its surrounding area declared by government ordinance.

the National Capital Region; the Greater Tokyo Area (An area consisting of the Kantō region and Yamanashi Prefecture in Japan)


マインクラフト

[ma̠ĩŋkɯ̟ɾa̠ɸɯ̟̊to̞]


父島

父島 (canonical)
Chichijima (romanization)

父 (“father”) + 島 (“island”), because it's the biggest island in the archipelago


母島

母 (“mother”) + 島 (“island”), because it's the second biggest island in the archipelago


小笠原諸島

ja-pos

小(お)笠(がさ)原(わら)諸(しょ)島(とう) • (Ogasawara Shotō)

小笠原諸島 (canonical)
Ogasawara Shotō (romanization)

the Bonin Islands (an archipelago of Japan)


単孔目

単孔目 (canonical)
Tankōmoku (romanization)

[tã̠ŋko̞ːmo̞kɯ̟]


ハリモグラ科

ハリモグラ科 (canonical)
Harimogura-Ka (romanization)

[ha̠ɾʲimo̞ɡɯ̟ɾa̠ka̠]


筑紫

Tsukushi, an ancient province in Japan, consisting of the west and south of Fukuoka prefecture

(archaic) synonym of 九州 (Kyūshū, “Kyushu”)


大雪山

大(だい)雪(せつ)山(ざん) or 大(たい)雪(せつ)山(ざん) • (Daisetsuzan or Taisetsuzan)

大雪山 (canonical)
大雪山 (canonical)
Daisetsuzan (romanization)
Taisetsuzan (romanization)

Daisetsuzan, a mountain range located in middle Hokkaido.


ノアの方舟

ノアの方舟 (canonical)
Noa no Hakobune (romanization)

ノア (“Noah”) + の (genitive marker) + 方舟 (“boxy ship”)


アンドロイド

Android (operating system)
Android (robot)
Daijisen
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:Android (オペレーティングシステム)
ja:アンドロイド
ja:人造人間
ja:松村明

Borrowed from English android or Android.

(computing, mobile telephony) Android (an operating system for mobile devices)


KOF

THE KING OF FIGHTERS
w:ja:ザ・キング・オブ・ファイターズ

THE KING OF FIGHTERS
THE KING OF FIGHTERS#Japanese

Official abbreviation of THE KING OF FIGHTERS (THE KING OF FIGHTERS)


吐噶喇列島

吐噶喇列島 (canonical)
Tokara Rettō (romanization)


オウム真理教

オウム真理教 (canonical)
Ōmu Shinrikyō (romanization)

[o̞ːmɯ̟ ɕĩn̺ɾʲikʲo̞ː]


契約の箱

契約の箱 (canonical)
Keiyaku no Hako (romanization)

契約 (“Covenant”) + の (genitive marker) + 箱 (“Ark”)


金蝉子

金蝉子 (canonical)
Konzenshi (romanization)

[kõ̞nd͡zẽ̞ɰ̃ɕi]

Golden Cicada, Xuanzang's (Genjō Sanzō 玄奘三蔵 in Japanese) identity as one of the Buddha's disciples in his previous life in the Chinese novel Journey to the West


ラーマーヤナ

ja-pos

ラーマーヤナ • (Rāmāyana)

Learned borrowing from Classical Sanskrit रामायण (rāmāyaṇa).


玄奘三蔵

玄奘三蔵 (canonical)
Genjōsanzō (romanization)

[ɡẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ːsã̠nd͡zo̞ː]

Xuanzang (Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveller, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang dynasty)


斉天大聖

斉天大聖 (canonical)
Seitentaisei (romanization)

From Literary Chinese 齊天大聖 (Qítiān Dàshèng).

Journey to the West
w:Journey to the West

An epithet for Sun Wukong (Son Gokū (孫悟空) in Japanese), the main character in the Chinese classic novel Journey to the West.


捲簾大将

捲簾大将 (canonical)
Kenrentaishō (romanization)

[kẽ̞n̺ɾẽ̞nta̠iɕo̞ː]

From Literary Chinese 捲簾大將 (Juǎnlián Dàjiàng).

der

Curtain-lifting General, title held by Sha Wujing (Sa Gojō 沙悟浄 in Japanese) before he was banished from heaven


ちばらき

2014, Yano Shinichi, Ibaraki kenmin o ayatsuru [Mastering people of Ibaraki prefecture], page 9:

In Ibaraki prefecture, when you are speaking of coffee you must mean Max Coffee. It is only available in Ibaraki and Chiba, and some parts of Tochigi, so it is sometimes also called “Chibaraki coffee”.

茨城でコーヒーと言えばMAXと言われるぐらい […] 茨城と千葉、それに栃木の一部しか販売されておらず、別名「ちばらきコーヒー」とも呼ばれています。

Ibaraki de kōhī to ieba makkusu to iwareru gurai […] Ibaraki to Chiba, sore ni Tochigi no ichibu shika hanbai sarete orazu, betsumei “Chibaraki kōhī” to mo yobareteimasu.

2017, Ningen kankei ga yoku naru shusshin kenbetsu seikaku aishō [Improve personal relationships: character and chemistry based on home prefecture], page 12:

Chiba prefecture — Even “Chibaraki” is better than “Dasaitama”!?

千葉県—「ちばらき」でも、「ダサイたま」よりは全然マシ！？

Chiba-ken — “Chibaraki” de mo, “Dasaitama” yori wa zenzen mashi!?

2019 February 27, “Eiga ‘tonde Saitama’: ‘Bakushō, naite,…’, chiiki sa e no kando kyōdo ai hakaru ichijo ni [Movie ‘Flight to Saitama’: ‘Laughter, tears,...’ a measure of regional loyalty and love of hometown]”, in Nippon.com:

With fashionable towns (Yokohama, Kamakura) and the Shonan area, Kanagawa is “special”, but from the point of view of Tokyo there is no differentiating among “Guntama-Chibaraki” (Gunma and Saitama, Chiba and Ibaraki), Kanto’s other four prefectures are all one lump.

おしゃれな街（横浜、鎌倉）や湘南エリアを擁し一目置かれる神奈川は「別格」として、東京から「グンタマ-チバラキ」（群馬・埼玉–千葉・茨城）と一くくりにされる他の関東4県に異論のあるはずもない。

Oshare na machi (Yokohama, Kamakura) ya Shōnan eria o yō shi ichimoku okareru Kanagawa wa “bekkaku” to shite, Tōkyō kara “Guntama-Chibaraki” (Gunma Saitama – Chiba Ibaraki) to ichi kukuri ni sareru hoka no Kantō yon-ken ni iron no aru hazu mo nai.

2019 June 2, “‘Bura Tamori Chibaraki hen’ zen rūto o shashin de shōkai! [Introducing with photos all the routes taken in ‘Wandering Tamori Chibaraki episode’!]”, in Travel Jarna, archived from the original on 2020-05-13:

The TV program Wandering Tamori is visiting the Chibaraki area, where Chiba and Ibaraki prefectures meet at the Tone river. It is an area with strong ties. Chibaraki is not just a one-off nickname; it is used by local people, and even recorded in Ibaraki prefecture’s history.

ブラタモリは、千葉県と茨城県が利根川で県境を接する、ちばらきのエリアを訪ねています。相互に結びつきが強い地域です。ちばらきは、決して単なる俗称ではなく、地元でよく使われ、茨城県史にも掲載された名称です。

Bura Tamori wa, Chiba-ken to Ibaraki-ken ga Tone-gawa de kenkyō o sessuru, Chibaraki no eria o tazuneteimasu. Sōgo ni musubitsuki ga tsuyoi chiiki desu. Chibaraki wa, kesshite tan naru zokushō de wa naku, jimoto de yoku tsukaware, Ibaraki-ken shi ni mo keisai sareta meishō desu.

(informal, derogatory, sometimes humorous) the geographic region encompassing Chiba Prefecture and Ibaraki Prefecture

ダさいたま

Dasaitama, derogatory nickname for Saitama


オホーツク海

オホーツク海 (canonical)
Ohōtsuku-Kai (romanization)

オホーツク (Ohōtsuku, “Okhotsk”) + 海 (kai, “sea”).


禮次郎

[ɾe̞ːʑiɾo̞ː]


礼次郎

[ɾe̞ːʑiɾo̞ː]

礼次 (Reiji) + 郎 (-ro) or 礼 (rei) + 次郎 (Jiro)


禮次郞

[ɾe̞ːʑiɾo̞ː]


日支

# (prewar, often considered derogatory in modern speech) 日 (“Japan”) + 支 (“China”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 支那 (Shina, “China”)

blend

日支共同防敵軍事協定


浅草寺

[sẽ̞ɰ̃so̞ːʑi]


東照宮

ja-pos

東(とう)照(しょう)宮(ぐう) • (Tōshōgū)

[to̞ːɕo̞ːɡɯ̟ː]

Shinto shrine in which Tokugawa Ieyasu is enshrined


明治神宮

明治神宮 (canonical)
Meiji Jingū (romanization)

[me̞ːʑiʑĩŋɡɯ̟ː]

Meiji Shrine (Shinto shrine in Tokyo enshrining the Emperor Meiji)


清水寺

清水寺 (canonical)
Kiyomizudera (romanization)

Kiyomizu-dera (Buddhist temple in Kyoto)


金閣寺

金閣寺 (canonical)
Kinkakuji (romanization)

[kʲĩŋka̠kɯ̟ʑi]


大猷院

[ta̠ijɯ̟ːĩɴ]

Taiyū-in (mausoleum of Tokugawa Iemitsu in Nikko)


高徳院

[ko̞ːto̞kɯ̟ĩɴ]


伏見稲荷大社

ふしみ いなり たいしゃ

伏(ふし)見(み)稲荷(いなり)大(たい)社(しゃ) • (Fushimi Inari Taisha)

伏見稲荷大社 (canonical)
Fushimi Inari Taisha (romanization)

Fushimi Inari-taisha (Shinto shrine in Kyoto)


マルティニーク

[ma̠ɾɯ̟tʲiɲ̟iːkɯ̟]

administrative region
administrative region

Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)


仏国

synonym of フランス (Furansu): France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


アメリカ領サモア

^アメリカ-りょう ^サモア

アメリカ領サモア (canonical)
Amerika-ryō Samoa (romanization)

American Samoa (an overseas territory of the United States in Oceania)


米領サモア

^べい-りょう ^サモア

米領サモア (canonical)
Bei-ryō Samoa (romanization)


米領ヴァージン諸島

^べい-りょう ^ヴァージン ^しょとう

米(べい)領(りょう)ヴァージン諸(しょ)島(とう) • (Bei-ryō Vājin Shotō)

米領ヴァージン諸島 (canonical)
Bei-ryō Vājin Shotō (romanization)

[be̞ːɾʲo̞ː ba̠ːʑĩɰ̃ɕo̞to̞ː]

アメリカ領ヴァージン諸島 アメリカ領ヴァージン諸島#Japanese

synonym of アメリカ領ヴァージン諸島


英領バージン諸島

^えい-りょう ^バージン ^しょとう

英(えい)領(りょう)バージン諸(しょ)島(とう) • (Ei-ryō Bājin Shotō)

英領バージン諸島 (canonical)
Ei-ryō Bājin Shotō (romanization)

[e̞ːɾʲo̞ː ba̠ːʑĩɰ̃ɕo̞to̞ː]

イギリス領ヴァージン諸島 イギリス領ヴァージン諸島#Japanese

synonym of イギリス領ヴァージン諸島


セントビンセント及びグレナディーン諸島

^セント ^ビンセント および ^グレナディーン ^しょとう

セントビンセント及(およ)びグレナディーン諸(しょ)島(とう) • (Sento Binsento oyobi Gurenadīn Shotō)

セントビンセント及びグレナディーン諸島 (canonical)
Sento Binsento oyobi Gurenadīn Shotō (romanization)

[sẽ̞nto̞ bʲĩɰ̃sẽ̞nto̞ o̞jo̞bʲi ɡɯ̟ɾe̞na̠dʲiːɰ̃ ɕo̞to̞ː]

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

(formal name) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)

ja:セントビンセント及びグレナディーン諸島


四神

四神 (canonical)
Shijin (romanization)
Sizin (romanization)
しじん (hiragana historical)

the four gods 青龍(せいりょう) (Seiryō), 朱雀(すざく) (Suzaku), 白虎(びゃっこ) (Byakko), 玄武(げんぶ) (Genbu), imported to Japan from Chinese mythology


NHK

NHK(エヌ・エイチ・ケイ) or NHK(エヌエッチケー) • (Enu Eichi Kei or Enu Etchi Kē)

NHK (canonical)
NHK (canonical)
Enu Eichi Kei (romanization)
Enu Etchi Kē (romanization)

[e̞nɯ̟̊ e̞t̚t͡ɕi̥ ke̞ː]

Shortening of 日本放送協会 (Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai).

1987 July 26, “Gerira raiu ga ōabare, saigai ni yowai shutoken no sugata o sarake dashita [‘Guerrilla’ thunderstorm exposes capital’s vulnerability to disaster]”, in Mainichi Shimbun:

As an effect of the thunderstorm, the satellite broadcasts that NHK began on the fourth of this month became impossible for about fifteen minutes in some areas.

この雷雨の影響で、ＮＨＫが今月四日から独自番組の放送を始めた衛星放送の受信が地域によって約十五分、不可能になった。

Kono raiu no eikyō de, enu etchi kē ga kongetsu yokka kara dokuji bangumi no hōsō o hajimeta eisei hōsō no jushin ga chīki niyotte yaku jūgofun, fukanō ni natta.

2022 November 3, “ABEMA sakkā Katāru taikai zen-shiai muryō haishin [ABEMA presents all matches from Qatar soccer tournament free of charge]”, in Tokyo Shimbun, page 18:

In addition to ABEMA’s presentation of all 64 matches, 41 matches are available on domestic broadcasters NHK, TV Asahi, and Fuji TV.

ＡＢＥＭＡの全６４試合中継とともに、国内のテレビ地上派はＮＨＫ、テレビ朝日、フジテレビが計４１試合。

ＡＢＥＭＡ no zen ６４ shiai chūkei totomoni, kokunai no terebi chijōha wa ＮＨＫ, Terebi Asahi, Fuji Terebi ga kei ４１ shiai.

NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation, a public broadcaster)


ヌルスルタン

[nɯ̟ɾɯ̟sɨɾɯ̟tã̠ɴ]

Nur-Sultan (former name of Astana, the capital city of Kazakhstan)


笠置

Kasagi (a town in Sōraku district, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


日夏

From Japanese 日 (hi) meaning "day, sun, Japan" combined with 夏 (natsu) meaning "summer".

日夏百合繪 ― Hinatsu Yurie ― Hinatsu Yurie (actress)

日夏耿之介 ― Hinatsu Kōnosuke ― Hinatsu Kōnosuke (poet) (pen name; birth name Higuchi Kunito)


大本営

大本営 (canonical)
Daihon'ei (romanization)

→ Chinese: 大本營 /大本营 (dàběnyíng)

→ Korean: 대본영 (Daebonyeong)

→ Vietnamese: đại bản doanh

大 (“great; grand”) + 本営 (“headquarters”)


フスハー

bor

Arabic الْفُصْحَى (al-fuṣḥā)


永安

永安 (canonical)
Eian (romanization)
えいあん (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 永安 (Yǒng'ān).

obor

Yong'an (a county-level city of Sanming, Fujian, China)


永安

alternative form of 永安 (“Yong'an (a county-level city of Sanming, Fujian, China)”)


留辺蘂

留辺蘂 (canonical)
Rubeshibe (romanization)

Rubeshibe (a former town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


留寿都

From Ainu ル スト゚ (ru sutu), meaning "road at the foot of the mountain".

Rusutsu (a village in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


リーマンショック

→ English: Lehman shock (calque)

[ɾʲiːma̠ɰ̃ ɕo̞k̚kɯ̟]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from Lehman + shock.

pseudo-loan

en:bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers
ja:リーマンショック


MARCH

5 prestigious private universities in Kantō: Meiji University; Aoyama Gakuin University; Rikkyo University; Chuo University; and Hosei University


モロ

Ultimately from Spanish moro (“moor, Muslim”), possibly via English Moro.

the Moro people, any of various Muslim ethnic groups in the Philippines

Daijirin
Daijisen
Moro people
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:モロ
ja:松村明


アリナレがわ

ja-pos

アリナレがわ or ありなれがわ • (Arinare-gawa) ^(←アリナレがは (Arinare-gafa)?)

アリナレがわ (canonical)
ありなれがわ (canonical)
Arinare-gawa (romanization)
Arinare-gafa (romanization)
アリナレがは (historical katakana)

[a̠ɾʲina̠ɾe̞ɡa̠β̞a̠]

From an Old Korean element + 河 (kawa, “river”). The kawa changes to gawa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
ナレ (nare) is Old Korean 川理 (*NAli / *NAri, “river”).

an ancient river mentioned in the Nihon Shoki, perhaps Yalu River (鴨緑江 (Ōryoku-kō)), and treated as such during the Empire of Japan's rule over both Manchuria and Korea


粤東

粤東 (canonical)
Ettō (romanization)
Wetutou (romanization)
ゑつとう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 粵東 (MC hjwot tuwng).

『粤東俗字便蒙解』

俗字便蒙解 ぞくじべんもうかい

Handbook of Canton Vernacular Characters (Meiji-era rudimentary guidebook of vernacular Cantonese phrases)

(literary, obsolete) eastern Guangdong (a region of Guangdong, China); or Guangdong (a province of China)


墺国

オーストリア オーストリア#Japanese

obsolete spelling of オーストリア (Ōsutoria) (= Austria): a country in Central Europe


風太郎

[pɯ̟ːta̠ɾo̞ː]


バカッター

(Internet slang) "Idiotter": Twitter, as a platform for people to expose their idiocy to the world


日東駒専

日東駒専 (canonical)
Nittōkomasen (romanization)

→ Chinese: 日東駒專／日东驹专

4 prestigious universities in Tōkyō: Nihon University; Komazawa University; Toyo University; and Senshu University


ペイン

A transliteration of the English surname Payne


赤穂

a town in Kamiina district, Nagano Prefecture, Japan


赤穂

赤穂 (canonical)
Akō (romanization)
Akafo (romanization)
あかほ (hiragana historical)

赤穂浪士

a town in Akō district, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan


みかか

(Internet slang, dated) NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone)


パク

A transliteration of the Korean surname 박(朴) (Bak), Park


ユン

A transliteration of the Korean surname 윤(尹) (Yun), Yoon


パトラッシュ

もう疲れたよパトラッシュ

(fiction) the dog character Patrasche from A Dog of Flanders


承保

承(じょう)保(ほう) • (Jōhō)


物集

物集 (canonical)
Mozume (romanization)
Modume (romanization)
もづめ (hiragana historical)


新木場

[ɕĩŋʲkʲiba̠]

Shin-Kiba (an area of Kōtō ward, Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


浦賀

Uraga (a region of Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan), known for being a landing spot of the Westerners' kurofune


ウスタシャ

[ɯ̟sɨta̠ɕa̠]

Ustashe (historical Croatian fascist ultranationalist group)


チェトニク

[t͡ɕe̞to̞ɲ̟ikɯ̟]

Chetniks (historical Serbian royalist group)


バルト

A transliteration of the French surname Barthes


バルト

A transliteration of the German surname Barth

バルト神学


バタイユ

A transliteration of the French surname Bataille


内匠寮

^うち の ^たくみ の ^つかさ

内匠(たくみ)寮(りょう) or 内匠(たくみ)寮(づかさ) or 内匠寮(うちのたくみのつかさ) or 内(ない)匠(しょう)寮(りょう) • (Takumiryō or Takumizukasa or Uchi no Takumi no Tsukasa or Naishōryō)

内匠寮 (canonical)
内匠寮 (canonical)
内匠寮 (canonical)
内匠寮 (canonical)
Takumiryō (romanization)
Takumizukasa (romanization)
Uchi no Takumi no Tsukasa (romanization)
Naishōryō (romanization)

内匠 (“court craftsman”) + 寮 (“department”)

suf

(history, government) a department under the 中務省 (Nakatsukasashō, “Ministry of the Center”) that was responsible for furniture production

(history, government) a department under the 宮内省 (Kunaishō, “Ministry of the Imperial Household”) that was responsible for court construction


グレゴリオ

グレゴリウス グレゴリウス#Japanese

alternative form of グレゴリウス (Guregoriusu, “Gregory”) (several Vatican Popes)


五島列島

ja-pos

五(ご)島(とう)列(れっ)島(とう) • (Gotō Rettō) ^(←ごたうれったう (Gotau Rettau)?)

五島列島 (canonical)
Gotō Rettō (romanization)
Gotau Rettau (romanization)
ごたうれったう (hiragana historical)

Gotō Islands (an archipelago of Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


上五島

a town in Minamimatsuura district, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan


足柄

a mountain in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

a pass in Kanagawa Prefecture, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan

(historical) a village in Ashigarashimo district, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

(historical) a town in Ashigarashimo district, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

a metro station in Odawara, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan


足柄上

足柄上 (canonical)
Ashigarakami (romanization)

a district of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan


足柄下

足柄下 (canonical)
Ashigarashimo (romanization)


外典

外(がい)典(てん) • (Gaiten) ^(←ぐゎいてん (Gwaiten)?)

外典 (canonical)
Gaiten (romanization)
Gwaiten (romanization)
ぐゎいてん (hiragana historical)


バレット

A transliteration of the English surname Barrett


珠理奈

[d͡ʑɨɾʲina̠]


鮎川

鮎(あい)川(かわ) • (Aikawa) ^(←あいかは (Aikafa)?)

鮎川 (canonical)
Aikawa (romanization)
Aikafa (romanization)
あいかは (hiragana historical)

[a̠jɯ̟ka̠β̞a̠]


鮎川

鮎(あゆ)川(かわ) • (Ayukawa) ^(←あゆかは (Ayukafa)?)

鮎川 (canonical)
Ayukawa (romanization)
Ayukafa (romanization)
あゆかは (hiragana historical)

[a̠jɯ̟ka̠β̞a̠]


会沢

会(あい)沢(ざわ) • (Aizawa) ^(←あいざは (Aizafa)?)

会沢 (canonical)
Aizawa (romanization)
Aizafa (romanization)
あいざは (hiragana historical)


西表

From Okinawan 西表 (Iriumuti, literally “West Front”).

bor

西表島

Iriomote (an island of Yaeyama, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


黒人英語

黒人英語 (canonical)
Kokujin Eigo (romanization)

黒人 (kokujin, “Black people”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)

com

African American Vernacular English
African American Vernacular English


あおひげ

Aohige (romanization)
Awofige (romanization)
あをひげ (hiragana historical)


権兵衛

ja-pos

権(ごん)兵(べ)衛(え) • (Gonbee) ^(←ごんべゑ (Gonbewe)?)

権兵衛 (canonical)
Gonbee (romanization)
Gonbewe (romanization)
ごんべゑ (hiragana historical)


権兵衛

権(ごんの)兵(ひょう)衛(え) • (Gonnohyōe) ^(←ごんのひやうゑ (Gonnofyauwe)?)

権兵衛 (canonical)
Gonnohyōe (romanization)
Gonnofyauwe (romanization)
ごんのひやうゑ (hiragana historical)

[ɡõ̞nːo̞ço̞ːe̞]


羅南

羅南 (canonical)
Ranan (romanization)
羅南 (canonical)
Ranamu (romanization)
羅南 (canonical)
Nanamu (romanization)

Ranam (a district of Chongjin, North Hamgyong Province, North Korea)


豊見城

豊見城 (canonical)
Tomigusuku (romanization)

Tomigusuku (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


酒呑童子

酒呑童子 (canonical)
Shuten Dōji (romanization)

[ɕɨtẽ̞ndo̞ːʑi]

酒 (“alcohol”) + 呑 (“drinking”) + 童子 (“boy”)

af

(mythology, Japanese mythology) an 鬼 (oni, “ogre; demon”) who dwelled in 大江山 (Ōeyama, “Mount Ōe”) and kidnapped women and children and stole money in the city


善財童子

善財童子 (canonical)
Zenzai Dōji (romanization)

Literary Chinese 善財童子 (literally “Boy of Good Wealth”), from Sanskrit सुधनकुमार (sudhanakumāra)

der

Sudhana (main character of the 華厳経 (Kegonkyō, “Avatamsaka Sutra”), who acquired 善知識 (zenchishiki, “kalyāṇa-mittatā”, literally “good companionship”) from 53 bodhisattva from 文殊 (Monju, “Manjushri”) to 普賢 (Fugen, “Samantabhadra”))


マラヤ

(historical) Malaya (a former country; modern Malaysia)


普仏

Blend of 普魯西 (Puroisen, Puroshia, “Prussia”) + 仏蘭西 (Furansu, “France”)

blend

普仏戦争


トロイメライ

Träumerei, a piece from Robert Schumann's Kinderszenen (1838) and one of his best known


岩見沢

岩見沢 (canonical)
Iwamizawa (romanization)

Iwamizawa (a city in Sorachi subprefecture, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


芦別

Borrowed from Ainu アㇱペッ (“aspet”), made of Ainu アㇱ (as, “shrub”) + Ainu ペッ (pet, “river”).

Ashibetsu (a city in Sorachi, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


南幌

南 (“south”) + Ainu ポロ (“big”). See also 札幌 (Sapporo).

Nanporo (a town in Sorachi district, Sorachi, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


奈井江

Most likely from Ainu ナイ (nay) ("a river")

Naie (a town in Sorachi district, Sorachi, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


由仁

Yuni (a town in Yūbari district, Sorachi, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


樺戸

Ainu カパト (kapato, “East Asian yellow water-lily”)

bor

Kabato (a district of Sorachi, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


浦臼

According to one theory, from Ainu ウライ ウㇱ ナイ (uray us nay), meaning "river of many fish traps".

Urausu (a town in Kabato district, Sorachi, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


盧溝橋事件

ja-pos

盧(ろ)溝(こう)橋(きょう)事(じ)件(けん) • (Rokōkyō Jiken) ^(←ろこうけうじけん (Rokoukeu Ziken)?)

盧溝橋事件 (canonical)
Rokōkyō Jiken (romanization)
Rokoukeu Ziken (romanization)
ろこうけうじけん (hiragana historical)

[ɾo̞ko̞ːkʲo̞ːʑikẽ̞ɴ]


米世幹

obsolete spelling of ミシガン (Mishigan) (= Michigan): a state of the United States


徳過瑟斯

徳過瑟斯 (canonical)
Tekisasu (romanization)

obsolete spelling of テキサス (Tekisasu) (= Texas): a state of the United States


墨志哥

墨志哥 (canonical)
Mekishiko (romanization)

obsolete spelling of メキシコ (Mekishiko) (= Mexico): a country


典捏西

obsolete spelling of テネシー (Teneshī) (= Tennessee): a state of the United States


剛色斯

obsolete spelling of カンザス (Kanzasu) (= Kansas): a state of the United States


ブ市

ブ市の花卉園芸と商業智識

1927, 高市紫明, “ブ市の花卉園藝と商業智識”, in 在亜農業研究会, editor, 亜国之農業, page 100:

さらに昨年、米国人俳優のブ市近郊にある自宅に、日本庭園の設計をするなど活動はつづいている。

2010 January 22, “「樹木の救世主」猪又さん＝日本の伝統技術を亜国へ”, in ニッケイ新聞:

ブエノスアイレス ブエノスアイレス#Japanese

(dated) short for ブエノスアイレス市 (Buenosu Airesu-shi, “Buenos Aires (a city in Argentina)”)


亜国

https://www.mitsubishicorp.com/jp/ja/network/latin_america/argentina.html
亜国三菱商事会社
Akoku Mitsubishi Shōji Kaisha
Mitsubishi Argentina S.A.C.y R.

三菱商事会社 みつびししょうじかいしゃ

アルゼンチン アルゼンチン#Japanese

(dated) synonym of アルゼンチン (Aruzenchin, “Argentina (a country)”)


亜国

亜国 (canonical)
Aruzenchin (romanization)

[a̠ɾɯ̟zẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕĩɴ]

アルゼンチン アルゼンチン#Japanese

obsolete spelling of アルゼンチン (Aruzenchin) (= Argentina): a country in South America


ブ州

ブ州にあるセンテージャ牧場

ブエノスアイレス ブエノスアイレス#Japanese

(dated) short for ブエノスアイレス州 (Buenosu Airesu-shū, “Buenos Aires (a province of Argentina)”)


ツクマン

[t͡sɨkɯ̟mã̠ɴ]

トゥクマン トゥクマン#Japanese

alternative form of トゥクマン (Tukuman, “Tucumán (a province of Argentina)”)


トゥクマン

[tɯ̟kɯ̟mã̠ɴ]


アギラレス

[a̠ɡʲiɾa̠ɾe̞sɨ]

Aguilares (a city in Tucumán, Argentina)

Aguilares (a city in San Salvador department, El Salvador)


墨其哥

墨其哥 (canonical)
Mekishiko (romanization)

obsolete spelling of メキシコ (Mekishiko) (= Mexico): a country in North America


加里福尼亜

加里福尼亜 (canonical)
Kariforunia (romanization)

[ka̠ɾʲiɸo̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠]

カリフォルニア カリフォルニア#Japanese

obsolete spelling of カリフォルニア (Kariforunia) (= California): a state of the United States


メキシコ湾

メキシコ湾 (canonical)
Mekishiko-wan (romanization)

[me̞kʲiɕiko̞β̞ã̠ɴ]

Gulf of Mexico (a gulf of North America)


カリフォルニア湾

カリフォルニア湾 (canonical)
Kariforunia-wan (romanization)

[ka̠ɾʲiɸo̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠β̞ã̠ɴ]

Gulf of California
Gulf of California#English

Gulf of California (a gulf of North America)


ドランゴ

[do̞ɾã̠ŋɡo̞]

ドゥランゴ ドゥランゴ#Japanese

alternative form of ドゥランゴ (Durango, “Durango (a state of Mexico)”)


ドゥランゴ

[dɯ̟ɾã̠ŋɡo̞]


ポエブラ

(rare) alternative form of プエブラ (Puebura, “Puebla (a state of Mexico)”)


プエブラ

[pɯ̟e̞bɯ̟ɾa̠]


アグアスカリエンテス

[a̠ɡɯ̟a̠sɨka̠ɾʲiẽ̞nte̞sɨ]


アグワスカリエンテス

[a̠ɡɯ̟β̞a̠sɨka̠ɾʲiẽ̞nte̞sɨ]

アグアスカリエンテス アグアスカリエンテス#Japanese

(rare) alternative form of アグアスカリエンテス (Aguasukarientesu, “Aguascalientes (a state of Mexico)”)


オハカ

alternative form of オアハカ (Oahaka, “Oaxaca (a state of Mexico)”)


チヤパス

alternative form of チアパス (Chiapasu, “Chiapas (a state of Mexico)”)


ベルビュー

[be̞ɾɯ̟bʲɨː]

Bellevue (a city in Washington, United States)


エリオット湾

エリオット湾 (canonical)
Eriotto-wan (romanization)

[e̞ɾʲio̞t̚to̞β̞ã̠ɴ]

Elliott Bay (a bay of Washington, United States)


奥殿

obsolete spelling of オグデン (Oguden) (= Ogden): a city in Utah, United States


ソートレーキ市

ソートレーキ市 (canonical)
Sōto Rēki-shi (romanization)

(obsolete) Salt Lake City (a city, the state capital of Utah, United States)


ソートレーキ

ソートレーキ • (Sōto Rēki)

(obsolete, only in compounds, attributive) Salt Lake: Salt Lake City (a city in Utah, United States)


サンオン

1930 June 2, “水探し 農業家への大福音”, in 日米 (Nichibei) [The Japanese American News], number 10989, page 4:

加州サンオン

1939 January 1, 新世界朝日新聞 [New World Sun], number 1264, page 35:

サンオン 和田 仁市

San Juan Bautista
San Juan Bautista#English

(obsolete) San Juan Bautista (a city in California, United States)


山中部

[sã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕɨːbɯ̟]

Intermountain Region
Intermountain Region#English

(obsolete) Intermountain Region (a region of the United States)


格州

格(かく)州(しゅう) • (Kakushū) ^(←かくしう (Kakusiu)?)

格州 (canonical)
Kakushū (romanization)
Kakusiu (romanization)
かくしう (hiragana historical)

格州時事

(obsolete) Colorado (a state of the United States)


伝馬

伝馬(デンバー) • (Denbā)

傳馬新報

obsolete spelling of デンバー (Denbā) (= Denver): a city in Colorado, United States


美以教会

美以教会(メソジストきょうかい) • (Mesojisuto Kyōkai) ^(←メソヂストけうくわい (Mesodisutokeukwai)?)

美以教会 (canonical)
Mesojisuto Kyōkai (romanization)
Mesodisutokeukwai (romanization)
メソヂストけうくわい (historical katakana)


美以教会

美(み)以(い)教(きょう)会(かい) • (Mii Kyōkai) ^(←みいけうくわい (Miikeukwai)?)

美以教会 (canonical)
Mii Kyōkai (romanization)
Miikeukwai (romanization)
みいけうくわい (hiragana historical)


南加

Southern California
w:Southern California

Southern California (a region of California, United States)


北加

Northern California
w:Northern California

Northern California (a region of California, United States)


羅港

羅港 (canonical)
Rakō (romanization)
Rakau (romanization)
らかう (hiragana historical)

Port of Los Angeles
w:Port of Los Angeles

(obsolete) Port of Los Angeles (a port in Los Angeles, California, United States)


フレスノ

[ɸɯ̟ɾe̞sɨno̞]

(dated) Fresno (a city in Fresno, California, United States)

(dated) Fresno (a county of California, United States)


オクスナード

(dated) Oxnard (a city in California, United States)


沙港

1932 July 15, “加納氏の來羅を機とし 南加同胞の柔道大會”, in 日米 (Nichibei) [The Japanese American News], number 11729, page 5:

七月廿四日沙港着直に飛行機に乘つて

shichigatsu nijūyokka Sakō-chaku tadachi ni hikōki ni notte

(obsolete) Seattle (a city in Washington, United States)


沙港

沙港(シヤトル) or 沙港(シアトル) • (Shiyatoru or Shiatoru)

沙港 (canonical)
沙港 (canonical)
Shiyatoru (romanization)
Shiatoru (romanization)

obsolete spelling of シヤトル (Shiyatoru) and シアトル (Shiatoru) (= Seattle): a city in Washington, United States


アストリヤ

(obsolete) Astoria (a city in Oregon, United States)


沙都

沙都(シヤトル) or 沙都(シアトル) • (Shiyatoru or Shiatoru)

沙都 (canonical)
沙都 (canonical)
Shiyatoru (romanization)
Shiatoru (romanization)

1902, “第2章 海外移民の状況”, in 海外出稼案内:

桑港及び沙都の両地

San Furanshisuko oyobi Shiatoru no ryōchi

在沙都日本人

1910 February 15, “初對面錄”, in 日布時事 [The Nippu Jiji], page 1:

仝じく沙都の領事の田中都吉君

onajiku Shiyatoru no ryōji no Tanaka Tokichi-kun


晩市

晩市にありて

バンクーバー バンクーバー#Japanese

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

(obsolete) short for バンクーバー市 (Bankūbā-shi, “Vancouver (a city in British Columbia, Canada)”)


砵市

砵 (orthographic borrowing from Cantonese 砵崙／砵仑 (but3 leon4)) + 市 (“city”).

compound

砵市コーチ街三〇四

砵市第四街七十四番半

1920 May 27, 央州日報 [The Oregon News], page 2:

ポートランド ポートランド#Japanese

(obsolete) short for ポートランド市 (Pōtorando-shi, “Portland (a city in Oregon, United States)”)


ベ市

ベーカスフィルド ベーカスフィルド#Japanese

(obsolete) short for ベーカスフィルド市 (Bēkasufirudo-shi, “Bakersfield (a city in California, United States)”)

ベーカスフィルド市

ベルビュー ベルビュー#Japanese

(obsolete) short for ベルビュー市 (Berubyū-shi, “Bellevue (a city in Washington, United States)”)


布市

(obsolete) short for フレスノ市 (“Fresno (a city in California, United States)”)


八道

ja-pos

八(はち)道(どう) • (Hachidō) ^(←はちだう (Fatidau)?)

八道 (canonical)
Hachidō (romanization)
Fatidau (romanization)
はちだう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 팔도(八道) (Paldo).

obor

Meronyms: 江原道, 京畿道, 慶尚道, 全羅道, 忠清道, 平安道, 咸鏡道, 黃海道

鶏林八道

the (historical) Eight Provinces of Korea


中加

Central California (a region of California, United States)


河下

(obsolete) Walnut Grove (a city in California, United States)

en:Walnut Grove Japanese-American Historic District


ラテンアメリカ

Latin America
Latin America#English:_Q12585

Latin America (a continental region consisting of those parts of the Americas located south of the United States where Spanish or Portuguese is predominantly spoken; sometimes including areas speaking French or French-based creoles)


羅典亜米利加

羅典亜米利加 (canonical)
Raten Amerika (romanization)

1935, 伯国著名政治家略伝:

第一回羅典亜米利加精神病医学会議

羅典亜米利加 らてんあめりか

daīkkai raten'amerika seishinbyō igaku kaigi

First Conference of Latin American Psychiatrists

ラテンアメリカ ラテンアメリカ#Japanese

obsolete spelling of ラテンアメリカ (Raten Amerika): Latin America (a continental region consisting of those parts of the Americas located south of the United States where Spanish or Portuguese is predominantly spoken; sometimes including areas speaking French or French-based creoles)


南央

南央 (canonical)
Nan'ō (romanization)
Nan'au (romanization)
なんあう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) southern Oregon (a region of Oregon, United States)


サクラメント平原

サクラメント平原 (canonical)
Sakuramento Heigen (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ he̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]

Sacramento Valley
Sacramento Valley#English

(dated) Sacramento Valley (a valley in California, United States)


桜面都平原

ja-pos

桜面都平原(サクラメントへいげん) • (Sakuramento Heigen)

桜面都平原 (canonical)
Sakuramento Heigen (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ he̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]

サクラメント平原 サクラメント平原#Japanese

obsolete spelling of サクラメント平原 (= Sacramento Valley): a valley in California, United States


サクラメント川

サクラメント川 (canonical)
Sakuramento-gawa (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ɡa̠β̞a̠]

Sacramento River
Sacramento River#English

Sacramento River (a river in California, United States)


桜面都川

桜面都川 (canonical)
Sakuramento-gawa (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ɡa̠β̞a̠]

サクラメント川 サクラメント川#Japanese

obsolete spelling of the サクラメント川 (= Sacramento River): a river in California, United States


須市

スタクトン スタクトン#Japanese

(obsolete) short for スタクトン市 (“Stockton (a city in California, United States)”)


スタクトン

[sɨta̠kɯ̟tõ̞ɴ]

(dated) Stockton (a city in California, United States)


ストックトン

[sɨto̞k̚kɯ̟tõ̞ɴ]


ビーシー州

ビーシー州(しゅう) • (Bī-shī-shū)

ビーシー州 (canonical)
Bī-shī-shū (romanization)

[bʲiːɕiːɕɨː]

(dated) BC, British Columbia (a province of Canada)


比律賓諸島

比律賓諸島(フィリピンしょとう) • (Firipin Shotō)

比律賓諸島 (canonical)
Firipin Shotō (romanization)

[ɸʲiɾʲipʲiɰ̃ ɕo̞to̞ː]

フィリピン諸島 フィリピン諸島#Japanese

Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands#English

obsolete spelling of フィリピン諸島 (Firipin Shotō) (= Philippine Islands): islands of the Philippines


比島

比島 (canonical)
Hitō (romanization)
Fitau (romanization)
ひたう (hiragana historical)

フィリピン諸島 フィリピン諸島#Japanese

(obsolete) short for フィリピン諸島 (Firipin Shotō, “Philippine Islands (islands of the Philippines)”)


フィリピン諸島

フィリピン諸島 (canonical)
Firipin Shotō (romanization)

[ɸʲiɾʲipʲiɰ̃ ɕo̞to̞ː]

Philippine Islands (islands of the Philippines)


佐市

(obsolete) short for サンノゼ市 (“San Jose (a city in California, United States)”)


アラメダ

Alameda (a city in Alameda, California, United States)

Alameda (a county of California, United States)


満座那

obsolete spelling of マンザナ (= Manzanar): an internment camp in California, United States


鶴嶺湖

鶴嶺湖(ツールレーキ) • (Tsūru Rēki)

鶴嶺湖 (canonical)
Tsūru Rēki (romanization)

[t͡sɨːɾɯ̟ɾe̞ːkʲi]

ツールレーキ ツールレーキ#Japanese

obsolete spelling of ツールレーキ (= Tule Lake): an internment camp in California, United States


鶴湖

鶴湖(ツールレーキ) • (Tsūru Rēki)

鶴湖 (canonical)
Tsūru Rēki (romanization)

[t͡sɨːɾɯ̟ ɾe̞ːkʲi]

ツールレーキ ツールレーキ#Japanese


墨都

墨都 (canonical)
Bokuto (romanization)
ぼくと (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


舎路

舎路(シヤトル) or 舎路(シアトル) • (Shiyatoru or Shiatoru)

舎路 (canonical)
舎路 (canonical)
Shiyatoru (romanization)
Shiatoru (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Cantonese 舍路 (se3 lou6).

(exceedingly rare) obsolete spelling of シヤトル (Shiyatoru) and シアトル (Shiatoru) (= Seattle): a city in Washington, United States


オーバン

オーバン • (Ōban)

(obsolete) Auburn (a city in Washington, United States)


ケント

Kent (a city in Washington, United States)


ヤキマ

Yakima (a city in Washington, United States)


サムナー

Sumner (a city in Washington, United States)


弟姫

Old Japanese [Term?], 弟 (“younger sibling”) + 姫 (“lady; daughter”)


アルカイ

1935 January 31, レニヤ吟社 [Rainier Haiku Society], 大北日報 [The Great Northern Daily News], page 2:

アルカイの燈臺の灯や屋根の雪

Alki (an area of Washington, United States)


レニヤ山

レニヤ山 (canonical)
Reniya-san (romanization)

[ɾe̞ɲ̟ija̠sã̠ɴ]

1925, Yoshida Hiroshi 吉田博, Reniya-san レニヤ山 https://www.yamada-shoten.com/onlinestore/detail.php?item_id=45435 https://www.facebook.com/moamuseum/photos/2312466432189377/

1972, Yoshida Tōshi 吉田遠志, Fuyu no Reniya-san 冬のレニヤ山 http://portlandartmuseum.us/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=56750;type=101

(dated) Mount Rainier (a mountain in Washington, United States)


メドフォード

Medford (a city in Oregon, United States)


独立祭

ja-pos

独(どく)立(りつ)祭(さい) • (Dokuritsusai) ^(←どくりつさい (Dokuritusai)?)

独立祭 (canonical)
Dokuritsusai (romanization)
Dokuritusai (romanization)
どくりつさい (hiragana historical)

1936 July 7, 新世界朝日新聞 [New World Sun], page 8:

Independence Day holiday is gone. Soon, we shall see the Japanese Naval training ships in the San Francisco bay.

獨立祭もすみました。すぐ練習艦隊が桑港の金門灣內へはいつて參ります。

Dokuritsusai mo sumimashita. Sugu renshū kantai ga Sōkō no Kinmonwan-nai e haitte mairimasu.


アラム

アラム語

アラム人


山海経

山(せん)海(がい)経(きょう) • (Sengaikyō) ^(←せんがいきゃう (Sengaikyau)?)

山(さん)海(かい)経(きょう) • (Sankaikyō) ^(←さんかいきゃう (Sankaikyau)?)

山海経 (canonical)
Sengaikyō (romanization)
Sengaikyau (romanization)
せんがいきゃう (hiragana historical)
山海経 (canonical)
Sankaikyō (romanization)
Sankaikyau (romanization)
さんかいきゃう (hiragana historical)

[sẽ̞ŋɡa̠ikʲo̞ː]


日本書紀

[ɲ̟iho̞ɰ̃ ɕo̞kʲi]

From 日本(にほん) (nihon, “Japan”) + 書(しょ) (sho, “book”) + 紀(き) (ki, “record”).

ja-com

The Chronicles of Japan (Japan's famous mythological and historical text, written mostly in Literary Chinese)


パナマ運河

[pa̠na̠ma̠ ɯ̟̃ŋɡa̠]


スエズ運河

スエズ運河 (canonical)
Suezu Unga (romanization)

[sɨe̞zɨ ɯ̟̃ŋɡa̠]


日本紀

[ɲ̟ihõ̞ŋʲɡʲi]

clipping of 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”)


書紀

short for 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”)


愛州

愛州 (canonical)
Aishū (romanization)
Aisiu (romanization)
あいしう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Idaho (a state of the United States)


長老教会

ja-pos

長(ちょう)老(ろう)教(きょう)会(かい) • (Chōrō Kyōkai) ^(←ちやうらうけうくわい (Tyaurau Keukwai)?)

長老教会 (canonical)
Chōrō Kyōkai (romanization)
Tyaurau Keukwai (romanization)
ちやうらうけうくわい (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕo̞ːɾo̞ː kʲo̞ːka̠i]


散港

散港 (canonical)
Sankō (romanization)
Sankau (romanization)
さんかう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) San Pedro (a community in Los Angeles, California, United States)


画村

画村 (canonical)
Gason (romanization)
Gwason (romanization)
ぐわそん (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Guadalupe (a city in California, United States)


ガダループ

[ɡa̠da̠ɾɯ̟ːpɯ̟]

(dated) Guadalupe (a city in California, United States)


グアダルーペ

[ɡɯ̟a̠da̠ɾɯ̟ːpe̞]


桑湾

桑湾 (canonical)
Sōwan (romanization)
Sauwan (romanization)
さうわん (hiragana historical)

San Francisco Bay
San Francisco Bay#English

(obsolete) San Francisco Bay (a bay of San Francisco, California, United States)


サンデーゴ

(dated) San Diego (a city in California, United States)


讃港

讃港 (canonical)
Sankō (romanization)
Sankau (romanization)
さんかう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) San Diego (a city in California, United States)


サンピードロ

(dated) San Pedro (a community in Los Angeles, California, United States)


巴市

巴市 (canonical)
Ha-shi (romanization)
Fasi (romanization)
はし (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) short for パサデナ市 (Pasadena-shi, “Pasadena (a city in California, United States)”)


スメルザ

(obsolete) Smeltzer (an area of Orange County, California, United States)


サンタアナ

Santa Ana (a city in Orange County, California, United States)


サリナス

Salinas (a city in California, United States)


プラサ

(obsolete) Placer County (a county of California, United States)


ペンリン

census-designated place
census-designated place

Penryn (a census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States)


サンフランシスコ湾

^サン ^フランシスコ-わん

サンフランシスコ湾 (canonical)
San Furanshisuko-wan (romanization)

[sa̠ɰ̃ ɸɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃ɕisɨko̞β̞ã̠ɴ]


金門湾

金(きん)門(もん)湾(わん) • (Kinmonwan) ^(←きんもんわん (Kinmon'wan)?)

金門湾 (canonical)
Kinmonwan (romanization)
Kinmon'wan (romanization)
きんもんわん (hiragana historical)

[kʲĩmːõ̞ɰ̃β̞ã̠ɴ]

"Golden Gate Bay", in reference to the Golden Gate Bridge.

獨立祭もすみました。すぐ練習艦隊が桑港の金門灣内へはいつて參ります。

練習艦隊 れんしふかんたい


六牙の白象

^ろくげ の ^びゃくぞう

^ろくげ の ^びゃくざう

六(ろく)牙(げ)の白(びゃく)象(ぞう) • (Rokuge no Byakuzō) ^(←ろくげのびゃくざう (Rokuge no Byakuzau)?)

六牙の白象 (canonical)
Rokuge no Byakuzō (romanization)
Rokuge no Byakuzau (romanization)
ろくげのびゃくざう (hiragana historical)

[ɾo̞kɯ̟ɡe̞ no̞ bʲa̠kɯ̟zo̞ː]

六 (“six”) + 牙 (“fang; tusk”) + の (attributive marker) + 白象 (“white elephant”)

af

the six-tusked white elephant that 摩耶夫人 (Maya Bunin, “Lady Maya”) dreamt of while she was carrying the Buddha

the six-tusked white elephant that 普賢 (Fugen, “Samantabhadra”) rides


ギルロイ

[ɡʲiɾɯ̟ɾo̞i]

Gilroy (a city in California, United States)


六郷

ja-pos

六(ろく)郷(ごう) • (Rokugō) ^(←ろくがう (Rokugau)?)

六郷 (canonical)
Rokugō (romanization)
Rokugau (romanization)
ろくがう (hiragana historical)

(historical) Rokugō (a town in Senboku district, Akita Prefecture)

(historical) Rokugō (a town in Nishiyatsushiro district, Yamanashi Prefecture)

(historical) Rokugō (a town in Ebara district, Tokyo prefecture)


普賢

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 普賢 (phu^X hen, literally “Universally Worthy”), from Sanskrit समन्तभद्र (samantabhadra).

bor+

普賢菩薩

普賢大士


原州

[β̞õ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨ]


原州

ja-pos

原(げん)州(しゅう) • (Genshū) ^(←げんしう (Gensiu)?)

原州 (canonical)
Genshū (romanization)
Gensiu (romanization)
げんしう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 원주(原州) (wonju).


特高

特別高等警察 特別高等警察#Japanese

short for 特別高等警察 (Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu): the secret police of pre-1945 Shōwa-era Japan


特別高等警察

ja-noun

とくべつこうとうけいさつ

特(とく)別(べつ)高(こう)等(とう)警(けい)察(さつ) • (tokubetsukōtōkeisatsu)

特別高等警察 (canonical)
tokubetsukōtōkeisatsu (romanization)

the Special Higher Police; the secret police of pre-1945 Shōwa-era Japan


飛鳥浄御原宮

ja-pos

^あすか の ^きよみはら の ^みや

飛鳥(あすかの)浄(きよ)御(み)原(はらの)宮(みや) • (Asuka no Kiyomihara no Miya)

飛鳥浄御原宮 (canonical)
Asuka no Kiyomihara no Miya (romanization)

(history) the late-7th-century palace of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jitō, now in the village of Asuka, Nara Prefecture, Japan


バッキンガムシャー

South East England
South East England#English

Buckinghamshire (a county of South East England, England, United Kingdom)

ja:バッキンガムシャー


飛鳥浄御原律令

あすか きよみはら りつりょう

^あすか ^きよみはら ^りつりゃう

飛鳥(あすか)浄(きよ)御(み)原(はら)律(りつ)令(りょう) • (Asuka Kiyomihara Ritsuryō) ^(←あすかきよみはらりつりゃう (Asuka Kyomifara Rituryau)?)

飛鳥浄御原律令 (canonical)
Asuka Kiyomihara Ritsuryō (romanization)
Asuka Kyomifara Rituryau (romanization)
あすかきよみはらりつりゃう (hiragana historical)

(history, law) the late-7th-century 律令 code compiled under Emperor Tenmu's reign


天御中主

^あま の ^みなかぬし

^あめ の ^みなかぬし

天(あまの)御(み)中(なか)主(ぬし) or 天(あめの)御(み)中(なか)主(ぬし) • (Ama no Minakanushi or Ame no Minakanushi)

天御中主 (canonical)
天御中主 (canonical)
Ama no Minakanushi (romanization)
Ame no Minakanushi (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 天 (“heaven”) + の (genitive marker) + 御 (honorific prefix) + 中 (“center; middle”) + 主 (“master; lord”).

af

天御中主神/尊

the God/Augustness of Ama no Minakanushi

(Japanese mythology) one of the first three gods who came into existence when heaven and earth began (天地開闢 (tenchi kaibyaku)), along with 高皇産霊 (Takamimusuhi) and 神皇産霊 (Kamimusuhi)


高皇産霊

ja-pos

高(たか)皇(み)産(むす)霊(ひ) or 高(たか)皇(み)産(むす)霊(び) • (Takamimusuhi or Takamimusubi)

高皇産霊 (canonical)
高皇産霊 (canonical)
Takamimusuhi (romanization)
Takamimusubi (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 高 (“high”) + 御 (honorific prefix) + 産霊 (“Creator Spirit”).

af

高皇産霊神/尊

(Japanese mythology) one of the first three gods who came into existence when heaven and earth began (天地開闢 (tenchi kaibyaku)), along with 天御中主 (Ama no Minakanushi) and 神皇産霊 (Kamimusuhi)


神皇産霊

ja-pos

神(か)皇(み)産(むす)霊(ひ) or 神(か)皇(み)産(むす)霊(び) • (Kamimusuhi or Kamimusubi)

神皇産霊 (canonical)
神皇産霊 (canonical)
Kamimusuhi (romanization)
Kamimusubi (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 神 (kami, “divine”) + 産霊 (“Creator Spirit”).

af

神皇産霊神/尊

(Japanese mythology) possibly a goddess, one of the first three gods who came into existence when heaven and earth began (天地開闢 (tenchi kaibyaku)), along with 天御中主 (Ama no Minakanushi) and 高皇産霊 (Takamimusuhi)


可美葦牙彦舅

ja-pos

うまし あしかび ひこぢ

^うまし ^あしかび ^ひこぢ

可美(うまし)葦(あし)牙(かび)彦(ひこ)舅(ぢ) • (Umashi Ashikabi Hikoji) ^(←うましあしかびひこぢ (Umasi Asikabi Fikodi)?)

可美葦牙彦舅 (canonical)
Umashi Ashikabi Hikoji (romanization)
Umasi Asikabi Fikodi (romanization)
うましあしかびひこぢ (hiragana historical)

Old Japanese. 美し (“abundant; bountiful”) + 葦牙 (“reed shoot”) + 彦舅 (“man; husband; mister”).

af

可美葦牙彦舅神/尊

the God/Augustness of Umashi Ashikabi Hikoji

(Japanese mythology) one of the two gods who came into existence from reed shoots on the earth after it was formed, along with 天常立 (Ama no Tokotachi)

ja:ウマシアシカビヒコヂ


天常立

ja-pos

天(あまの)常(とこ)立(たち) or 天(あめの)常(とこ)立(たち) • (Ama no Tokotachi or Ame no Tokotachi)

天常立 (canonical)
天常立 (canonical)
Ama no Tokotachi (romanization)
Ame no Tokotachi (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 天 (“heaven”) + の (genitive marker) + 常 (“ever; eternally”) + 立ち (stem of 立つ (tatsu, “to stand”)).

af

stem of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">立つ</i> (tatsu, “to stand”)

天常立神/尊

可美葦牙彦舅 可美葦牙彦舅#Japanese

(Japanese mythology) one of the two gods who came into existence from reed shoots on the earth after it was formed, along with 可美葦牙彦舅 (Umashi Ashikabi Hikoji)


国常立

国常立 (canonical)
Kuni no Tokotachi (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 国 (“land”) + 常 (“ever; eternally”) + 立ち (stem of 立つ (tatsu, “to stand”)).

stem of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">立つ</i> (tatsu, “to stand”)

国常立尊

(Japanese mythology) the sixth god to come into existence, after 天常立 (Ama no Tokotachi) and before 豊雲野 (Toyokumono)


天神七代

ja-pos

天(てん)神(じん)七(しち)代(だい) • (Tenjin Shichidai)

天神七代 (canonical)
Tenjin Shichidai (romanization)

[tẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑiɰ̃ ɕit͡ɕida̠i]

天神 (“heavenly god”) + 七代 (“seven generations”)

af

the Seven Generations of Heavenly Gods, including 国常立 (Kuni no Tokotachi) of the first, 豊雲野 (Toyokumono) of the second, 埿土煮 (Uijini) and his sister 沙土煮 (Suijini) of the third, 角杙 (Tsunogui) and his sister 活杙 (Ikugui) of the fourth, 大戸之道 (Ōto no Ji) and his sister 大戸之部 (Ōto no Be) of the fifth, 面足 (Omodaru) and his sister 綾惶根 (Ayakashikone) of the sixth, and 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and his sister 伊弉冉 (Izanami) of the seventh


神世七代

神世七代 (canonical)
Kamiyo Nanayo (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 神世 (“Divine Age”) + 七代 (“seven generations”).


天之瓊矛

ja-pos

天(あま)之(の)瓊(ぬ)矛(ほこ) or 天(あめ)之(の)瓊(ぬ)矛(ぼこ) • (Ama no Nuhoko or Ame no Nuboko)

天之瓊矛 (canonical)
天之瓊矛 (canonical)
Ama no Nuhoko (romanization)
Ame no Nuboko (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 天 (“heaven”) + の (genitive marker) + 瓊矛 (“jeweled spear”).

af

(Japanese mythology) the spear that 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami) used to stir the sea and create 磤馭慮島 (Onogorojima, “Onogoro Island”)


級長津彦

級長津彦 (canonical)
Shinatsuhiko (romanization)

From Old Japanese. Blend of 息長 (shinaga, “long-breathed; long-winded”) + つ (archaic genitive marker) + 彦 (“lord”).

blend

級長津彦の神/命

(Japanese mythology) the wind god, son of 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami)


句句廼馳

句句廼馳 (canonical)
Kuku no Chi (romanization)

Old Japanese. 茎 (“stalk; stem”) + の (genitive marker) + 霊 (“spirit”).

af

(Japanese mythology) the god of trees, child of 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami)


野槌

ja-pos

野(の)槌(づち) or 野(の)槌(つち) • (Nozuchi or Notsuchi)

野槌 (canonical)
野槌 (canonical)
Nozuchi (romanization)
Notsuchi (romanization)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 野 (no, “moor”) + つ (tsu, genitive marker) + 霊 (chi, “spirit”).

af

(Japanese mythology) the goddess of grass and plains, daughter of 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami)


天鈿女

天鈿女 (canonical)
Ame no Uzume (romanization)

Ame-no-Uzume
Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kojiki
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
ja:アメノウズメ

From Old Japanese, shift from the older and previously more prevalent (and still current) reading Ama no uzume, itself a compound of 天 (ama, “heaven”) + の (no, genitive particle) + 鈿女 (uzume). The derivation of the uzume element is uncertain; it might be from uzu (the term used to refer to a sprig of flowers used as a hair decoration in certain Shinto rituals, as used by the goddess) + 女 (me, “woman, female”). This may be reflected in the kanji spelling, where 鈿 is the character for hairpin.
The goddess is mentioned in both the Kojiki of 712 and the Nihon Shoki of 720.

compound

天鈿女命

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) a goddess who performed a merry ritual dance to entertain the gods of heaven, to lure 天照 (Amaterasu) out of the cave 天岩戸 (Ama no Iwato)


天鈿女

天鈿女 (canonical)
Ama no Uzume (romanization)

Older reading of Ame no uzume. Still in use, but less common.

(less common) alternative reading for Ame no Uzume


大宜津比売

ja-pos

大(おお)宜(げ)津(つ)比(ひ)売(め) • (Ōgetsuhime) ^(←おほげつひめ (Ofogetufime)?)

大宜津比売 (canonical)
Ōgetsuhime (romanization)
Ofogetufime (romanization)
おほげつひめ (hiragana historical)

Old Japanese [Term?]. 大 (“great”) + 食 (“food”) + つ (archaic genitive marker) + 姫 (“lady”).

af

大宜津比売神

(Japanese mythology) a food goddess, daughter of 伊弉諾 (Izanagi); as told in the 古事記 (Kojiki), she offered food to 素戔嗚 (Susa no O) after he was expelled from heaven for his transgression against 天照 (Amaterasu), by pulling food out of her orifices, which caused him to kill her in disgust; from her corpse, grain seeds and silkworms sprouted out, and were collected by 神産巣日 (Kamimusuhi)


よう子

alternative form of 洋子, a female given name


脚摩乳

ja-pos

脚(あし)摩(なず)乳(ち) • (Ashinazuchi) ^(←あしなづち (Asinaduti)?)

脚摩乳 (canonical)
Ashinazuchi (romanization)
Asinaduti (romanization)
あしなづち (hiragana historical)

(Japanese mythology) son of 大山祇 (Ōyamatsumi), husband of 手摩乳 (Tenazuchi), father of 奇稲田姫 (Kushinadahime); he offered his last daughter to 素戔嗚 (Susa no O) so that he would save her from the serpent 八岐大蛇 (Yamata no Orochi)

ja:アシナヅチ・テナヅチ


手摩乳

手(て)摩(な)乳(ずち) • (Tenazuchi) ^(←てなづち (Tenaduti)?)

手摩乳 (canonical)
Tenazuchi (romanization)
Tenaduti (romanization)
てなづち (hiragana historical)

(Japanese mythology) wife of 脚摩乳 (Ashinazuchi) and mother of 奇稲田姫 (Kushinadahime)

ja:アシナヅチ・テナヅチ


奇稲田姫

奇稲田姫 (canonical)
Kushinadahime (romanization)

(Japanese mythology) last daughter of 脚摩乳 (Ashinazuchi) and 手摩乳 (Tenazuchi); she was to be eaten by 八岐大蛇 (Yamata no Orochi), but saved by 素戔嗚 (Susa no O) and became his wife


八上比売

八上比売 (canonical)
Yagamihime (romanization)

a princess of 因幡 (Inaba), who was pursued by 大国主 (Ōkuninushi) and his brothers, but ultimately became his wife


因幡の白兎

^いなば の ^しろ.うさぎ

因(いな)幡(ば)の白(しろ)兎(うさぎ) • (Inaba no Shirousagi)

因幡の白兎 (canonical)
Inaba no Shirousagi (romanization)

Old Japanese 稻羽之素菟 (Inaba no₂ Sirousagi). 因幡 (Inaba) + の (no, genitive marker) + 白兎 (shirousagi, “white/bare rabbit/hare”).

af

the Hare of Inaba (a hare who got stripped bare of its fur by 鰐 (wani, “crocodiles”), but saved by 大国主 (Ōkuninushi))


須勢理毘売

須勢理毘売 (canonical)
Suseribime (romanization)

須勢理毘売命

(Japanese mythology) daughter of 素戔嗚 (Susa no O); she helped her husband 大国主 (Ōkuninushi) escape death ordeals put forth by her father


郷愁

ja-noun

郷(きょう)愁(しゅう) • (kyōshū) ^(←きやうしう (kyausiu)?)

郷愁 (canonical)
kyōshū (romanization)
kyausiu (romanization)
きやうしう (hiragana historical)

Peter Camenzind (a novel by Hermann Hesse)


瓊瓊杵

瓊瓊杵尊

木花開耶姫 木花開耶姫#Japanese

彦火火出見 彦火火出見#Japanese

葦原の中つ国 葦原の中つ国#Japanese

三種の神器 三種の神器#Japanese

(Japanese mythology) son of 天忍穂耳 (Ama no Oshihomimi), husband of 木花開耶姫 (Ko no Hana no Sakuyabime), father of 火照 (Hoderi) and 彦火火出見 (Hikohohodemi); he was sent by his grandmother 天照 (Amaterasu) in his father's stead to rule the land of 葦原の中つ国 (Ashihara no Nakatsukuni) surrended by 大国主 (Ōkuninushi), bringing with him the 三種の神器 (Sanshu no Jingi), and eventually became great-grandfather of Emperor Jinmu


天忍穂耳

ja-pos

^あま の ^おしほみみ

^あめ の ^おしほみみ

天(あまの)忍(おし)穂(ほ)耳(みみ) or 天(あめの)忍(おし)穂(ほ)耳(みみ) • (Ama no Oshihomimi or Ame no Oshihomimi)

天忍穂耳 (canonical)
天忍穂耳 (canonical)
Ama no Oshihomimi (romanization)
Ame no Oshihomimi (romanization)

天忍穂耳尊

熊野櫲樟日 熊野櫲樟日#Japanese

葦原の中つ国 葦原の中つ国#Japanese

(Japanese mythology) the first of the sons of 天照 (Amaterasu) (along with 天穂日 (Ama no Hohi), 天津彦根 (Amatsuhikone), 活津彦根 (Ikutsuhikone) and 熊野櫲樟日 (Kumanokusuhi)) who were given birth by 素戔嗚 (Susa no O) by chewing her jewels during the 誓約 (ukei, “oath”) to test his intent seeking refuge in her heavenly domain (the five sons were hers; the three daughters she gave birth to were his); he was sent by his mother to rule the land of 葦原の中つ国 (Ashihara no Nakatsukuni), but ultimately he recommended his son 瓊瓊杵 (Ninigi) instead