摩訶般若波羅蜜多心経

ja-pos

まか はんにゃ はらみった しんぎょう

まかはんにやはらみつたしんぎやう

摩(ま)訶(か)般(はん)若(にゃ)波(は)羅(ら)蜜(みっ)多(た)心(しん)経(ぎょう) • (Maka Hannya Haramitta Shingyō) ^(←まかはんにやはらみつたしんぎやう (Makafannyafaramitutasingyau)?)

摩訶般若波羅蜜多心経 (canonical)
Maka Hannya Haramitta Shingyō (romanization)
Makafannyafaramitutasingyau (romanization)
まかはんにやはらみつたしんぎやう (hiragana historical)

From 摩訶(まか) (maka, itself from Sanskrit महा (mahā), “great”) + 般(はん)若(にゃ)波(は)羅(ら)蜜(みっ)多(た)心(しん)経(ぎょう) (Hannya Haramitta Shingyō, “Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya Sūtra”).

ja-compound

般%若 波%羅%蜜%多 心%経

^はん%にゃ ^は%ら%みっ%た ^しん%ぎょう

itself from Sanskrit <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">महा</i> (mahā), “great”

(Buddhism) synonym of 般若心経 (Hannya Shingyō): the Heart Sutra


ヒト科

Compound of 人 (hito, “person; human”) + 科 (ka, “family”, in taxonomic contexts).
The katakana spelling of the hito portion is from the common convention in Japanese biology-related contexts to use katakana for taxonomic names.


阿弥陀

Middle Chinese 阿彌陀 (MC 'a mjie da), Sanskrit अमिताभ (amitābha)

synonym of 阿弥陀仏 (Amidabutsu, “Amitābha”)


君が代

君が代 (canonical)
Kimi ga Yo (romanization)

Daijisen
Kokin Wakashū
Man'yōshū
Wakan Rōeishū
ja:松村明

From Old Japanese 君が代 (kimi ga yo). Found already in the Man'yōshū, completed in 759 CE.
Analyzable as a noun phrase composed of 君 (kimi, “lord, master”) + が (ga, ancient possessive particle) + 代 (yo, “life, lifespan; reign”).
The lyrics to the national anthem are from the 776th poem of the Wakan Rōeishū (c. 1013), in turn based on the 343rd poem of the Kokin Wakashū (905 CE):
: わが君(きみ)は千代(ちよ)に八千代(やちよ)にさざれ石(いし)の巌(いはほ)となりて苔(こけ)の生(む)すまで
waga kimi wa chiyo ni yachiyo ni sazare-ishi no iwao to narite koke no musu made
May our lord endure for a thousand, eight thousand long generations―may he live until pebbles grow into mossy boulders.

ja-usex

わが君は千代に八千代にさざれ石の巌となりて苔の生すまで

わが きみ は ちよ に やちよ に さざれ-いし の いはほ と なりて こけ の むす まで

君が代は千代に八千代にさざれ石のいわおとなりて苔のむすまで

kimi ga yo wa chiyo ni yachiyo ni sazare-ishi no iwao to narite koke no musu made

May your majesty's reign for a thousand―even eight thousand―generations, until pebbles become boulders covered over moss.

「君が代」は正式には日本の国歌です。

“Kimigayo ” wa seishiki ni wa nihon no kokka desu.

Kimigayo is officially the national anthem of Japan.

「君が代」は正式には日本の国歌です。


野菊

From 野(の) (no-, “wild”) + 菊(きく) (kiku, “chrysanthemum”). The kiku changes to giku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


南詔

(historical) Nanzhao (a kingdom that flourished in present-day Yunnan, China, between 739 and 902 CE)


スーダン共和国

スーダン共和国 (canonical)
Sūdan Kyōwakoku (romanization)

スーダン (Sūdan, “Sudan”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”)


観自在

ja-pos

観(かん)自(じ)在(ざい) • (Kanjizai) ^(←くわんじざい (Kwanzizai)?)

観自在 (canonical)
Kanjizai (romanization)
Kwanzizai (romanization)
くわんじざい (hiragana historical)

From a translation of Sanskrit अवलोकितेश्वर (Avalokiteśvara) in the Heart Sutra, rooted in Middle Chinese.
In the present form, 観 (kan, “see, observe”, from अवलोकित (avalokita), "beholding") + 自在 (jizai, from ईश्वर (īśvara), "supreme being").
Compare 観世音 (Kanzeon).

der

अवलोकितेश्वर

観自在菩薩 観自在菩薩#Japanese

(Buddhism) short for 観自在菩薩 (Kanjizai Bosatsu, “Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva”)


カタルーニャ語

カタルーニャ語 (canonical)
Katarūnyago (romanization)

[ka̠ta̠ɾɯ̟ːɲ̟a̠ɡo̞]


バレンシア語

バレンシア語 (canonical)
Barenshiago (romanization)

[ba̠ɾẽ̞ɰ̃ɕia̠ɡo̞]

Valencian (the variety of the Catalan language spoken in Valencia)


ウェストバージニア

West Virginia
West Virginia#English:_Q1371

West Virginia (a state of the United States)

ja:ウェストバージニア州


インディアナポリス

ja:インディアナポリス (曖昧さ回避)


銭亀

Compound of 銭(ぜに) (zeni, “round coin, often with a hole in the center”) + 亀(かめ) (kame, “turtle”), from the appearance of the pond turtle's shell.
The kame changes to game as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


海行かば

海行かば (canonical)
Umi Yukaba (romanization)

From a 長歌 (chōka, “long poem”) in the Man'yōshū, attributed to Ōtomo no Yakamochi:
: 葦原(あしはら)能(の)美豆(みつ)保國(ほのくに)乎(を)安麻久太利(あまくだり) … 都加倍之(つかへし)官(つかさ)海行(うみゆか)者(は)美都久(みつく)屍(かばね)山行(やまゆか)者(ば)草(くさ)牟須(むす)屍(かばね)大皇(おほきみ)乃(の)敝尓許曽(へにこそ)死(しな)米(め)可敝里見波(かへりみは)勢自(せじ)等許等太弖(とことだて) … 御(み)言(こと)能左吉乃(のさきの)聞(きけ)者(は)貴(たふと)美(み) [Man'yōgana]
葦原(あしはら)の瑞(みづ)穂(ほ)の国(くに)を天下(あまくだ)り [...] 仕(つか)へし官(つかさ)海(うみ)行(ゆ)かば水漬(みづ)く屍(かばね)山(やま)行(ゆ)かば草(くさ)生(む)す屍(かばね)大君(おほきみ)の辺(へ)にこそ死(し)なめかへり見(み)はせじと言(こと)立(だ)て [...] 御(み)言(こと)のさきの聞(き)けば貴(たふと)み [Modern spelling]
ashihara no Mizuho-no-kuni o ama-kudari... tsukaeshi tsukasa umi yukaba mizuku kabane yama yukaba kusa musu kabane Ōkimi no he ni koso shiname kaerimi wa seji to kotodate... mikoto no saki no kikeba kikeba tōtomi
[To govern this abundant reed plain land, the distant ancestors of the Ōtomo clan] pledged: "If we go by sea[,] water will cover our corpses, if through the mountains, grass will grow from our bones. We will die beside our lord with never a look back." ...as reverently I hear the august royal decree.

ja-usex

葦原%能 美豆%保國%乎 安麻久太利　􂀿...􂁀　都加倍之%官 海行%者 美都久%屍 山行%者 草%牟須%屍 大皇%乃 敝尓許曽%死%米 可敝里見波 勢自等許等太弖　􂀿...􂁀　御%言%能左吉乃 聞%者%貴%美

あしはら%の みつ%ほのくに%を あまくだり　􂀿...􂁀　つかへし%つかさ うみゆか%は みつく%かばね やまゆか%ば くさ%むす%かばね おほきみ%の へにこそ%しな%め かへりみは せじとことだて　􂀿...􂁀　み%こと%のさきの きけ%は%たふと%み

葦原 の 瑞%穂の国 を 天下り　􂀿...􂁀　仕へし 官 海 行かば 水漬く 屍 山 行かば 草 生す 屍 大君 の 辺 に こそ 死なめ かへり見 は せじ と 言%立て　􂀿...􂁀　御%言 の さき の 聞けば 貴み

あしはら の みづ%ほ-の-くに を あま-くだり　􂀿...􂁀　つかへし つかさ うみ ゆかば みづく かばね やま ゆかば くさ むす かばね おほきみ の へ に こそ しなめ かへり-み は せじ と こと%だて　􂀿...􂁀　み%こと の さき の きけば たふとみ

􂀿To govern this abundant reed plain land, the distant ancestors of the Ōtomo clan􂁀 pledged: "If we go by sea􂀿,􂁀 water will cover our corpses, if through the mountains, grass will grow from our bones. We will die beside our lord with never a look back." ...as reverently I hear the august royal decree.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Man'yōshū
ja:松村明
Ōtomo no Yakamochi


鯉のぼり

鯉のぼり (canonical)
Koinobori (romanization)

甍の波と雲の波、重なる波の中空を、橘かおる朝風に、高く泳ぐや、鯉のぼり。

Iraka no nami to kumo no nami, kasanaru nami no nakazora o, tachibana kaoru asa-kaze ni, takaku oyogu ya, koinobori.

name of a Taishō period 童謡 (dōyō, “children's song”):


光明真言

ja-pos

光(こう)明(みょう)真(しん)言(ごん) • (Kōmyō Shingon) ^(←くわうみやうしんごん (Kwaumyausingon)?)

光明真言 (canonical)
Kōmyō Shingon (romanization)
Kwaumyausingon (romanization)
くわうみやうしんごん (hiragana historical)

[ko̞ːmʲo̞ː ɕĩŋɡõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 光明 (kōmyō, “light”) + 真言 (shingon, “mantra”).

com

唵阿謨伽尾盧左曩摩訶母捺囉麽抳鉢納麽入嚩攞鉢囉韈哆野吽

on abokya beiroshanō makabodara mani handoma jinbara harabaritaya un

oṃ amogha vairocana mahāmudra maṇi padma jvāla pravarttaya hūṃ

(Buddhism) an esoteric Buddhist mantra directed to 大日如来 (Dainichi Nyorai, “Mahāvairocana tathāgata”)


創造主

ja-pos

創(そう)造(ぞう)主(しゅ) • (Sōzōshu) ^(←さうざうしゆ (Sauzausyu)?)

創造主 (canonical)
Sōzōshu (romanization)
Sauzausyu (romanization)
さうざうしゆ (hiragana historical)

[so̞ːzo̞ːɕɨ]

From 創造 (sōzō, “creation”) + 主 (Shu, “Lord”).

1999 September 16, Motohiro Katou, “ヤコブの階(かい)段(だん) [Jacob’s Stairway]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 184:

Eva would’ve been the Creator to the Clans. And Jacob was one of Eva (Eve)’s descendants.

クラン達にとってエバは創造主 そのエバ（イブ）子孫がヤコブだろ

Kuran-tachi ni totte Eba wa Sōzōshu Sono Eba (Ibu) shison ga Yakobu daro


ワールドシリーズ

[β̞a̠ːɾɯ̟do̞ ɕiɾʲiːzɨ]


るりか

瑠璃香, 瑠理加, 瑠莉夏, 流里架, 琉梨花, 瑠里佳: a female given name


勇美

勇(いさ)美(み) or 勇(ゆう)美(み) • (Isami or Yūmi)

勇美 (canonical)
勇美 (canonical)
Isami (romanization)
Yūmi (romanization)


華州

華州 (canonical)
Kashū (romanization)
Kwasiu (romanization)
くわしう (hiragana historical)

Apparently an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 華州／华州 (Huázhōu), Cantonese 華州／华州 (waa6 zau1).

zh-m

華州／华州 (Huázhōu)

(historical) Washington (a state of the United States)


ルシフェル

[ɾɯ̟ɕi̥ɸe̞ɾɯ̟]

From Portuguese Lúcifer.
Cited since at least 1599.


ルシヘル

[ɾɯ̟ɕihe̞ɾɯ̟]

ルシフェル ルシフェル#Japanese

rare form of ルシフェル (Rushiferu, “Lucifer”)


ジン

ja:ジン
ja:ジン (ヘッセン)


クイーンズ

ja-pos

クイーンズ • (Kuīnzu)

Queens (a borough of New York City, New York, United States, one of five, situated on Long Island, north of Brooklyn, west of Nassau county)

ja:クイーンズ (曖昧さ回避)


漢検

日本漢字能力検定 w:ja:日本漢字能力検定

short for 日本漢字能力検定 (Nihon Kanji Nōryoku Kentei)

漢字検定

漢字検定 かんじけんてい


相子

相子 (canonical)
Aiko (romanization)
Afiko (romanization)
あひこ (hiragana historical)

相(あい) (ai, “together, mutual”) + 子(こ) (-ko, diminutive suffix).


相子

相子 (canonical)
Shōko (romanization)
Syauko (romanization)
しやうこ (hiragana historical)

From the on'yomi readings of 相 + 子 (-ko, common feminine suffix).


相子

相子 (canonical)
Sōko (romanization)
Sauko (romanization)
さうこ (hiragana historical)


ゴーギャン

ja-pos

ゴーギャン • (Gōgyan)

A transliteration of the French surname Gauguin


セザンヌ

[se̞zã̠nːɯ̟]

A transliteration of the French surname Cézanne


モネ

A transliteration of the French surname Monet


天南

Compound of 天 (ama, “heavens, sky”) + 南 (minami, “south”).


天南

The sora portion is likely from 空 (sora, “sky”), for which the 天 character would be ateji (当て字). The derivation of the na element is unknown.


ネッシー

2008 February 20 [2006 January 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “「チャンスカメラ」で特(とく)ダネ写(しゃ)真(しん)を… [Breaking News Snapshots with the “Chance Camera”…]”, in ドラえもん＋(プラス) [Doraemon+], 4th edition, volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 23:

You took a picture of a UFO!! And Nessie at the park!?

UFOがうつってるわ‼公園にネッシーが⁉

Yūfō ga utsutteru wa‼ Kōen ni Nesshī ga⁉


うわなり

Uwanari (romanization)
Ufanari (romanization)
うはなり (hiragana historical)

嫐: one of the Eighteen Best Kabuki Plays


テッサリア

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θεσσαλία (Thessalía).

lbor

1988 July 30 [1985 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “アン子(こ) 大(おお)いに怒(いか)る （赤(あか)毛(げ)のアン子(こ) 改(かい)題(だい)） [When Anko Really Gets Mad (originally titled Redheaded Anko)]”, in 宇宙船製造法 [How to Build a Spaceship] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 3), 6th edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 71:

Anko. As for the mysterious power you displayed…. It’s of a kind that has been running in your mother’s bloodline for generations since ancient times. Your ancestors seem to have come from Thessaly, Greece. They immigrated to Salem, America in the 18th century. That bloodline… basically it was…. A noted line of true witches.

アン子。きみがみせたふしぎな力はね…。きみのおかあさんの家系に、遠い昔から代だい受けつがれてきた血すじによるものだ。御先祖は、ギリシアのテッサリア地方の出らしい。18世紀にアメリカのサレムに移住している。この家系は、………つまりなんというか………。ゆいしょ正しい魔女の名門なんだよ。

Anko. Kimi ga miseta fushigi na chikara wa ne…. Kimi no okāsan no kakei ni, tōi mukashi kara daidai uketsugarete kita chisuji ni yoru mono da. Go-senzo wa, Girishia no Tessaria chihō no de rashii. Jūhasseiki ni Amerika no Saremu ni ijū shite iru. Kono kakei wa,………tsumari nan to iu ka………. Yuisho tadashii majo no meimon na n da yo.

Thessaly (a region in north-central Greece)


ゴア

ゴアで開かれた BRICS 首脳会議


ゴア

ゴア元副大統領


ウッタル・プラデーシュ

[ɯ̟t̚ta̠ɾɯ̟ pɯ̟ɾa̠de̞ːɕɨ]

Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh#English:_Q1498

Uttar Pradesh (a state in northern India)


ウッタルプラデーシュ

ウッタル・プラデーシュ ウッタル・プラデーシュ#Japanese


羅生門

ja-pos

羅(ら)生(しょう)門(もん) or 羅生門(らせいもん) • (Rashōmon or Raseimon)

羅生門 (canonical)
羅生門 (canonical)
Rashōmon (romanization)
Raseimon (romanization)

[ɾa̠ɕo̞ːmõ̞ɴ]

[ɾa̠se̞ːmõ̞ɴ]

羅生門葛

羅生門葛 ラショウモンカズラ

alternative form of 羅城門 (“Rajōmon gate”)


白ロシア

白ロシア (canonical)
Hakuroshia (romanization)


コミンテルン

[ko̞mʲĩnte̞ɾɯ̟̃ɴ]


五十六

From 五十 (iso, “fifty, 50”, kun'yomi or native Japanese reading) + 六 (roku, “six, 6”, on'yomi or Chinese-derived reading).


百人一首

ja-pos

百(ひゃく)人(にん)一(いっ)首(しゅ) • (Hyakunin Isshu)

百人一首 (canonical)
Hyakunin Isshu (romanization)

[ça̠kɯ̟ɲ̟iɰ̃ iɕːɨ]

Compound of 百人(ひゃくにん) (hyakunin, “hundred persons”) + 一首(いっしゅ) (isshu, “poem”, literally "one + counter for poems").

ja-compound

小倉百人一首 小倉百人一首#Japanese

short for 小倉百人一首 (Ogura Hyakunin Isshu): a famous "one hundred poems anthology", used as the basis of certain card games

小倉百人一首

百人一首一夕話: an interpretation of the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu poems by Ozaki Masayoshi


マンハッタン

Manhattan (a borough and island of New York City, New York, United States)


津軽

Aomori Prefecture
Mount Iwaki
Nihon Shoki
Tsugaru Peninsula
Tsugaru Strait

[t͡sɨɡa̠ɾɯ̟]

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).
Possibly from Ainu [Term?], the kanji spelling is an example of phonetic ateji (当て字), literally 津 (tsu, “harbor”) + 軽 (karu, stem meaning “light”). The karu changes to garu as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Sometimes misspelled as つがろ (Tsugaro) in older texts.

com

a region comprising the western half of Aomori Prefecture

a placename, such as that of:
つがる: a city within that region

(historical) short for 津軽郡 (Tsugaru-gun): a district in Meiji-period Aomori Prefecture


早慶

早慶 (canonical)
Sōkei (romanization)
Saukei (romanization)
さうけい (hiragana historical)

Blend of 早稲田 (Waseda) + 慶應 (Keiō), from the first kanji of the names of the two universities both read with on'yomi.

Waseda University and/vs. Keio University


テモテ

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Τιμόθεος (Timótheos). The route of borrowing and the reason for the phonetic transition to Temote is unclear.

テモテへの手紙一

テモテへの手紙二


インスタ

安倍晋三首相がインスタ始める

インスタグラム インスタグラム#Japanese

short for インスタグラム (Insutaguramu, “Instagram”); Insta


マチュピチュ

[ma̠t͡ɕɨpʲit͡ɕɨ]

Machu Picchu (ancient Incan city and archaeological site in Peru)


庶民院

庶民院 (canonical)
Shomin'in (romanization)

Calque of English House of Commons, equivalent to 庶民 (shomin, “masses”) + 院 (-in, “institution”, from 議院 (giin, “parliamentary chamber”)).

suf

from <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">議院</i> (giin, “parliamentary chamber”)


国民議会

ja-pos

国(こく)民(みん)議(ぎ)会(かい) • (Kokumin Gikai) ^(←こくみんぎくわい (Kokumingikwai)?)

国民議会 (canonical)
Kokumin Gikai (romanization)
Kokumingikwai (romanization)
こくみんぎくわい (hiragana historical)

From 国民 (kokumin, “nation”) + 議会 (gikai, “parliament; congress”).

com

the National Assembly (name of the national legislatures or legislative houses of several countries, such as France's lower house)

the Supreme Assembly (Uzbekistan's bicameral legislature)

the National Parliament (East Timor's unicameral legislature)

the People's Majlis (Maldives's unicameral legislature)

the Council of Representatives (Iraq's unicameral legislature)

the Parliament (Lebanon's and Ghana's unicameral legislature)

the National Congress (Honduras's unicameral legislature; Argentina's, Chile's and Palau's bicameral legislature)

the National Parliament (Solomon Islands' unicameral legislature)

the National Legislature (South Sudan's bicameral legislature)

the National Council (Austria's and Switzerland lower house)


四大奇書

四大奇書 (canonical)
Shidaikisho (romanization)


順二

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɲ̟d͡ʑi]


十六島

十六島 (canonical)
Jūrokushima (romanization)

[d͡ʑɨːɾo̞kɯ̟ɕima̠]

ja:十六島 (茨城県・千葉県)

Literally "sixteen islands"; 十(じゅう)六(ろく) (jūroku, “sixteen”) + 島(しま) (shima, “island”).

a region in Ibaraki Prefecture and Chiba Prefecture


十六島

[ɯ̟p̚pɯ̟ɾɯ̟i]

ja:十六島 (出雲市)

a place in Izumo, Shimane, famous for production of nori


柿原

柿 (kaki, “persimmon”) + 原 (hara, “field, plain”)


となりぐみ

隣組: name of a Shōwa period song, describing the day-to-day activities of such an association


ナショナルフットボールリーグ

ja-pos

ナショナルフットボールリーグ

[na̠ɕo̞na̠ɾɯ̟ɸɯ̟t̚to̞bo̞ːɾɯ̟ɾʲiːɡɯ̟]

Borrowed from English National Football League.

(American football) (sports) National Football League (NFL)


カナディアンフットボールリーグ

カナディアン フットボール リーグ

カナディアンフットボールリーグ • (Kanadian Futtobōru Rīgu)

[ka̠na̠dʲia̠ɰ̃ ɸɯ̟̊t̚to̞bo̞ːɾɯ̟ ɾʲiːɡɯ̟]

(Canadian football) Canadian Football League (CFL)

Canadian Football League
ja:カナディアンフットボールリーグ


舎利弗

舎利弗 (canonical)
Sharihotsu (romanization)

From Middle Chinese 舍利弗 (MC syaeH lijH pjut), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit शारिपुत्र (Śāriputra).

(Buddhism) Śāriputra, one of the disciples of Gautama Buddha


舎利子

From Middle Chinese 舍利子 (MC syaeX|syaeH lijH tsiX).
Literally “Śāri's son”, or erroneously, “Master Śāri”.

舎利子。色不異空。空不異色。色即是空。空即是色。受想行識亦復如是。舎利子。是諸法空相。不生不滅。不垢不浄。不増不減。

7th century, Shorter Prajñāpāramitā-hṛdaya Sutra (translation by Xuanzang)

“Shariputra, form is no other than emptiness; emptiness no other than form[,] form is exactly emptiness; emptiness exactly form. The same is true of feelings, perceptions, impulses, consciousness. Shariputra, all things are marked by emptiness: not born, not destroyed, not tainted, not pure, without gain, without loss.”

Sharishi, shiki fu i kū, kū fu i shiki, shiki soku ze kū, kū soku ze shiki. Ju sō gyō shiki, yaku bu nyoze. Sharishi, ze shohō kūsō, fu shō fu metsu, fu ku fu jō, fu zō fu gen.

(Buddhism) synonym of 舎利弗 (Sharihotsu): Śāriputra, one of the disciples of Gautama Buddha


ユナイテッドネーションズ

ユナイテッド ネーションズ

ユナイテッドネーションズ


河套

河套 (canonical)
Katō (romanization)
Katau (romanization)
かたう (hiragana historical)

synonym of オルドス (Orudosu): Ordos, a region in China enclosed by the Huang He to the north and the Great Wall to the south


伽耶

伽耶 (canonical)
Kaya (romanization)
かや (hiragana historical)

(historical) Gaya (ancient confederacy in Korea)


ダウ

ダウ平均株価 ダウ平均株価#Japanese


ダウ平均株価

ダウ平(へい)均(きん)株(かぶ)価(か) • (Dau Heikin Kabuka)

ダウ平均株価 (canonical)
Dau Heikin Kabuka (romanization)


博雅

源博雅


平昌

[pʲõ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕã̠ɴ]


平昌

平(へい)昌(しょう) • (Heishō) ^(←へいしやう (Feisyau)?)

平昌 (canonical)
Heishō (romanization)
Feisyau (romanization)
へいしやう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 평창(平昌) (pyeongchang).

obor

(dated) Pyeongchang (a county of South Korea)


大日本帝国

ja-pos

大(だい)日(にっ)本(ぽん)帝(てい)国(こく) • (Dainippon Teikoku)

大日本帝国 (canonical)
Dainippon Teikoku (romanization)

desc

→ Chinese: 大日本帝國 /大日本帝国 (Dà Rìběn Dìguó)

대일본제국(大日本帝國)

→ Korean: 대일본제국(大日本帝國) (daeilbonjeguk)

l/vi/Hani

大日本帝國 (Đại Nhật Bản Đế quốc)

vi-l

大日本帝國 (Đại Nhật Bản Đế quốc)

→ Vietnamese: 大日本帝國 (Đại Nhật Bản Đế quốc)

From 大日本(だいにっぽん) (dainippon, “Japan”, poetic) + 帝国(ていこく) (teikoku, “empire”). Use of 大 for a name of empire is a Chinese tradition since the Tang dynasty.

ja-com

Constitution of the Empire of Japan
w:Constitution of the Empire of Japan

Empire of Japan (official name of Japan under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, 1890–1947)


アキバ

→ English: Akiba

(informal) clipping of 秋葉原 (Akihabara): Akiba


タヒチ

French Polynesia
French Polynesia#English

Tahiti (the largest island in French Polynesia)


ガラパゴス諸島

ガラパゴス諸島 (canonical)
Garapagosu Shotō (romanization)

Calque of Spanish islas Galápagos, equivalent to ガラパゴス (Garapagosu, “Galápagos”) + 諸島 (shotō, “archipelago”)


賀茂

any of various places in Japan
a city in Niigata Prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a town in Hiroshima Prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a town in Kyōto prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a town in Okayama Prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a town in Shimane Prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a town in Tokushima Prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a town in Yamagata Prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a district (gun) in Gifu Prefecture

any of various places in Japan
a district (gun) in Niigata Prefecture

a neighborhood of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture


ヒッキー

ja-pos

ヒッキー • (Hikkī)

(informal) Hikaru Utada, singer-songwriter.


銀漢

(astronomy) synonym of 銀河系 (Gingakei, “Milky Way”)


シュワちゃん

From シュワ (Shuwa, clipping of シュワルツェネッガー (Shuwarutseneggā, “Schwarzenegger”)) + ちゃん (-chan, endearment suffix).

suf

clipping of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">シュワルツェネッガー</i> (Shuwarutseneggā, “Schwarzenegger”)

Arnold Schwarzenegger
w:Arnold Schwarzenegger


サガレン

(obsolete) Saghalien, Sakhalin (an island today in Russia and formerly claimed by Japan)


トランシルヴァニア

Transylvania (a historical region in western Romania)

ja:トランシルヴァニア


トランシルバニア

トランシルヴァニア トランシルヴァニア#Japanese

alternative form of トランシルヴァニア (Toranshiruvania, “Transylvania”)


玉屋

Compound of 玉 (tama, “bead”, also short for シャボン玉 (shabon-dama, “soap bubble”)) + 屋 (ya, “store, shop; shopkeeper, seller”). First appears in the 1500s.

compound

also short for <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">シャボン玉</i> (shabon-dama, “soap bubble”)

(historical) a popular manufacturer of fireworks in the first half of the 1800s (alluding to sellers of soap bubbles for the brief beauty of the fireworks)

(historical) during the Edo period, a red-light district in the north of modern-day Asakusa

ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典
w:ja:ブリタニカ国際大百科事典

世界大百科事典 w:ja:世界大百科事典

(historical) a kabuki work including a dance about a seller of bubbles, first performed in 1832


英連邦

ja-pos

英(えい)連(れん)邦(ぽう) • (Eirenpō) ^(←えいれんぱう (Eirenpau)?)

英連邦 (canonical)
Eirenpō (romanization)
Eirenpau (romanization)
えいれんぱう (hiragana historical)

[e̞ːɾẽ̞mpo̞ː]

Hidekaz Himaruya, “ヘタリアと愉快な仲間たち [Hetalia and Blissful Friends]”, in Axis Powers ヘタリア [Axis Powers Hetalia], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Gentosha, →ISBN, page 21:

Australia
[National flag]
The Union Jack is for membership of the Commonwealth, the big star for the 6 states and the island of Tasmania, and the 5 small stars for the Southern Cross.

オーストラリア
【国旗】
ユニオン・ジャックは英連邦の一員を、大星は６つの州とタスマニア島を、５つの小星は南十字星を表す。

Ōsutoraria
【Kokki】
Yunion Jakku wa Eirenpō no ichīn o, daisei wa mutsu no shō to Tasumania-tō o, itsutsu no shōsei wa Minami Jūjisei o arawasu.

Commonwealth of Nations
Commonwealth of Nations


アレイスター

A transliteration of the English male given name Aleister


アリステア

A transliteration of the English male given name Alistair


アンゴラ共和国

アンゴラ共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Angora Kyōwakoku)

アンゴラ共和国 (canonical)
Angora Kyōwakoku (romanization)

From アンゴラ (Angora, “Angola”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).


中央アフリカ

中央アフリカ (canonical)
Chūō Afurika (romanization)

From 中央 (chūō, “center”) + アフリカ (Afurika, “Africa”).

Central Africa
Central Africa#English:_Q27433

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Central Africa (a core geographic region of Africa which includes Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of the Congo, and Rwanda, and often Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English:_Q929

中央アフリカ共和国 中央アフリカ共和国#Japanese

Central African Republic (ellipsis of 中央アフリカ共和国 (Chūō Afurika Kyōwakoku): a country in Central Africa)


救世軍

救世軍 (canonical)
Kyūseigun (romanization)

[kʲɨːse̞ːɡɯ̟̃ɴ]


北大西洋

ja-pos

北(きた)大(たい)西(せい)洋(よう) • (Kita Taiseiyō) ^(←きたたいせいやう (Kitataiseiyau)?)

北大西洋 (canonical)
Kita Taiseiyō (romanization)
Kitataiseiyau (romanization)
きたたいせいやう (hiragana historical)

From 北 (kita, “north”) + 大西洋 (Taiseiyō, “Atlantic Ocean”).


北大西洋海流

ja-pos

きた たいせいよう かいりゅう

きたたいせいやうかいりう

北(きた)大(たい)西(せい)洋(よう)海(かい)流(りゅう) • (Kita Taiseiyō Kairyū) ^(←きたたいせいやうかいりう (Kitataiseiyaukairiu)?)

北大西洋海流 (canonical)
Kita Taiseiyō Kairyū (romanization)
Kitataiseiyaukairiu (romanization)
きたたいせいやうかいりう (hiragana historical)

きたたいせーよーかいりゅう

From 北大西洋 (Kita Taiseiyō, “North Atlantic”) + 海流 (kairyū, “ocean current”).

af

(oceanography) the North Atlantic Current


アマゾネス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀμαζόνες pl (Amazónes)

lbor

アマゾーン アマゾーン#Japanese

alternative form of アマゾーン (Amazōn, “Amazons”)


くもがくれ

雲隠: an unnumbered chapter in The Tale of Genji, at the end of 幻 (Maboroshi, chapter 41), of which the death of the protagonist Hikaru Genji can be implied


天晴

ja-pos

天(てん)晴(せい) or 天(たか)晴(はる) • (Tensei or Takaharu)

天晴 (canonical)
天晴 (canonical)
Tensei (romanization)
Takaharu (romanization)


天晴

天(あ)晴(せい) or 天(あま)晴(てらす) or 天晴(める) • (Asei or Amaterasu or Meru)

天晴 (canonical)
天晴 (canonical)
天晴 (canonical)
Asei (romanization)
Amaterasu (romanization)
Meru (romanization)


沙市

Shashi (a district of Jingzhou, Hubei, China)

(obsolete) Seattle (a city in Washington, United States)


沙市

沙市(シヤトル) or 沙市(シアトル) • (Shiyatoru or Shiatoru)

沙市 (canonical)
沙市 (canonical)
Shiyatoru (romanization)
Shiatoru (romanization)

1933, 夢野久作, 暗黒公使 (Dāku Minisutā) [Dark Minister]:

過般来船内にチブス患者発生したるため、横浜に停船を命ぜられおりし沙市行客船コロラド丸は一昨十二日解禁されたるを以て今十四日午後六時出帆、定期航路に就く事となれり。

Kahanrai sennai ni chibusu kanja hassei shitaru tame, Yokohama ni teisen o meizerareorishi Shiyatoru-yuki kyakusen Kororado-maru wa issaku jū-ni-nichi kaikin saretaru o motte kon-jū-yon-nichi gogo rokuji shuppan, teiki kōro ni tsuku koto to nareri.

沙市の加藤安一氏監督

加藤安一氏監督 かとうやす○しかんとく

沙市日本人野球團

日本人野球團 にほんじんやきうだん

obsolete spelling of シヤトル (Shiyatoru) and シアトル (Shiatoru) (= Seattle): a city in Washington, United States


廣東語

Kyūjitai form of 広東語: Cantonese (language)


にょいりんかんのん

如意輪観音 如意輪観音#Japanese

如意輪観音: Cintāmaṇicakra, a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva


魯西亜

Borrowing from Russian Росси́я (Rossíja). Cited since at least 1839.
The spelling is ateji (当て字), current in 1855 when this spelling was used in the title of the 日本国魯西亜国通好条約 (Nippon-koku Roshia-koku Tsūkō Jōyaku, “Treaty of Peace and Amity between the Country of Japan and the Country of Russia”, commonly known as the Treaty of Shimoda).
The spelling was officially discontinued in 1877 after diplomatic pressure from Russia to change the spelling, out of concern that the initial 魯 (ro) character expressed a sense of foolish. However, the newer kanji spelling 露西亜 uses 露 (ro) as the first character, and this was chosen for its sense of dew, from the political metaphor that the morning dew will disappear as the sun rises, wherein "sun" refers to Japan.
The use of 西亜 to spell the latter portion is likely influenced by Chinese phonetics, and historical use of these characters to spell out the -siya portion of Rossiya in sources such as a bible translated into Chinese in 1864.

lang

ユーラシア研究所ブックレット編集委員会

ユーラシア研究所ブックレット編集委員会

dated spelling of ロシア: Russia (a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)

Daijirin
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
Treaty of Shimoda


コリント

コリントス コリントス#Japanese

alternative form of コリントス (Korintosu, “Corinth”)


コリントス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κόρινθος (Kórinthos)


イオニア

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἰωνία (Iōnía)


禰宜

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of Old Japanese verb 労ぐ (negu, “to pray for blessings or protection”).
The kanji spelling is an example of phonetic ateji (当て字).


パパ・ブッシュ

From パパ (papa, “father”) + ブッシュ (Busshu, “Bush”), to distinguish him from George W. Bush, his son and the 43rd President.

af

(informal) George H. W. Bush, 41st president of the United States


しゃりし

舎利子: Śāriputra (one of the disciples of Gautama Buddha)


浄鉱

ja-pos

浄(じょう)鉱(こう) • (Jōkō)

[d͡ʑo̞ːko̞ː]


薩埵

From Middle Chinese 薩埵 (MC sat twaX), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit सत्त्व (sattva, “being, existence”) or Pali satta (“being”).

bor

(Buddhism) short for 菩薩王子 (Satta-ōji): name of a past reincarnation of the Gautama Buddha

菩薩王子

(Buddhism) short for 金剛菩薩 (Kongōsatta): Vajrasattva


パース

ja-pos

パース • (Pāsu)

Western Australia
Western Australia#English


グレート・バリア・リーフ

グレート・バリア・リーフ • (Gurēto Baria Rīfu)

ja:グレート・バリア・リーフ


グレートバリアリーフ

グレート バリア リーフ

グレート・バリア・リーフ グレート・バリア・リーフ#Japanese

alternative spelling of グレート・バリア・リーフ (“Great Barrier Reef”)


中米

2018 April 17 (last accessed), Japan for UNHCR, “Chūbei no nanmin kiki: Naze, Chūbei no shōnen, shōjo wa kita o mezasu no ka”, in Kokuren UNHCR Kyōkai, archived from the original on 2017-07-26:

こうしている今も、エルサルバドル、ホンジュラス、グアテマラなどの中米の国々では、10代の少年・少女が母国を逃れて、子どもだけでアメリカやメキシコを目指しています。

Kō shite iru ima mo, Eru Sarubadoru, Honjurasu, Guatemara nado no Chūbei no kuniguni de wa, jūdai no shōnen shōjo ga bokoku o nogarete, kodomo dake de Amerika ya Mekishiko o mezashite imasu.

Even now as we write this, in El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala and other countries in Central America, young men and women in their teens are fleeing their home country, mere children headed for the United States or Mexico.

Central America
Central America#English:_Q27611

Central America (a continental region in North America, consisting of the countries lying between Mexico and South America)


中米

United States of America
United States of America

(uncommon) China and the United States of America


パルテノン

[pa̠ɾɯ̟te̞nõ̞ɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Παρθενών (Parthenṓn)

lbor

パルテノン神殿


淡海

淡海 (canonical)
Ōmi (romanization)
Afumi (romanization)
あふみ (hiragana historical)

[a̠β̞a̠ɯ̟mʲi]

⟨apa umi₁⟩ → /apaumi/ → /aɸaumi/ → /awaumi/
Derived from 淡(あわ) (awa), stem of 淡(あわ)い (awai, “light, pale”) + 海(うみ) (umi, “sea”).
An Old Japanese shift was realized as ōmi, already attested in ancient literature:
: ⟨apa umi₁⟩ → ⟨apumi₁⟩ → /apumi/ → /aɸumi/ → */awumi/ → /aumi/ → /ɔːmi/ → /oːmi/

alternative spelling of 近江 (Ōmi): Ōmi Province

alternative spelling of 近江 (Ōmi): the ancient name for 琵琶湖 (Biwako, “Lake Biwa”)


大元帥明王

ja-pos

だいげんすい みょうおう

大(だい)元(げん)帥(すい)明(みょう)王(おう) or 大(だい)元帥(げん)明(みょう)王(おう) • (Daigensui Myōō or Daigenmyōō)

大元帥明王 (canonical)
大元帥明王 (canonical)
Daigensui Myōō (romanization)
Daigenmyōō (romanization)


大元

大元帥明王 大元帥明王#Japanese


ヴァンクーヴァー

ヴァンクーヴァー • (Vankūvā)

[bã̠ŋkɯ̟ːba̠ː]

バンクーバー バンクーバー#Japanese

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

Vancouver (a seaport, the largest city in British Columbia, Canada)

バンクーバー バンクーバー#Japanese

Vancouver (a city, the county seat of Clark County, Washington, United States)


沙翁

沙翁 • ^ (canonical)
沙翁 (canonical)
Saō (romanization)
Sawou (romanization)
Shaō (romanization)
Syawou (romanization)
さをう (hiragana historical)
しゃをう (hiragana historical)

沙 (clipping of a transcription of English Shakespeare, such as 沙比阿 (Shapia) or 沙吉比亜 (Shakipia)) + 翁 (“old man”). Compare Mandarin 莎翁 (Shāwēng).

suf

(literary, obsolete) William Shakespeare, English playwright


リヴァプール

ja:リヴァプール (曖昧さ回避)

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England; an important seaport in the United Kingdom, and once one of the biggest in the world)

Liverpool (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)

Liverpool (a community in Nova Scotia, Canada)

Liverpool (a village in Onondaga County, New York, United States)

Liverpool (a small borough of Perry County, Pennsylvania, United States)


リバプール

リヴァプール リヴァプール#Japanese

alternative form of リヴァプール (Rivapūru, “Liverpool”)


欽定訳聖書

ja-pos

欽(きん)定(てい)訳(やく)聖(せい)書(しょ) • (Kinteiyaku Seisho)

欽定訳聖書 (canonical)
Kinteiyaku Seisho (romanization)

[kʲĩnte̞ːja̠kɯ̟̊ se̞ːɕo̞]

Calque of British English Authorized Version


南回帰線

ja-pos

南(みなみ)回(かい)帰(き)線(せん) • (Minamikaikisen) ^(←みなみくわいきせん (Minamikwaikisen)?)

南回帰線 (canonical)
Minamikaikisen (romanization)
Minamikwaikisen (romanization)
みなみくわいきせん (hiragana historical)

From 南 (minami, “south”) + 回帰線 (kaikisen, “tropic”).


カソリック

カトリック カトリック#Japanese

alternative form of カトリック (Katorikku, “Catholic Church”)


アビニョン

アヴィニョン アヴィニョン#Japanese

alternative form of アヴィニョン (Avinyon, “Avignon”)


バーボン

ja-pos

バーボン • (Bābon)

From English Bourbon, from French Bourbon.


マラトン

[ma̠ɾa̠tõ̞ɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μαραθών (Marathṓn)


マラトーン

[ma̠ɾa̠tõ̞ːɴ]

alternative form of マラトン (Maraton, “Marathon (a town in Attica, Greece)”)


長靴をはいた猫

ja-pos

^ながぐつ を ^はいた ^ねこ

長(なが)靴(ぐつ)をはいた猫(ねこ) • (Nagagutsu o Haita Neko)

長靴をはいた猫 (canonical)
Nagagutsu o Haita Neko (romanization)


ウガンダ共和国

ウガンダ共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Uganda Kyōwakoku)

From ウガンダ (“Uganda”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).


嵐山

嵐山 (canonical)
Arashiyama (romanization)

a place name, such as name of a mountain or the district in western Kyoto


嵐山

Likely coined in Japan from Middle Chinese elements.

another name for Arashiyama (the mountain, see above)

a place name, especially a name of a town in central Saitama Prefecture


ろそう

ja-pos

ろそう • (Rosō)


三次郎

[sã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑiɾo̞ː]


天禄

the Tenroku era, the Japanese era from 970 to 973


新橋

Compound of 新(しん) (shin, “new”) + 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

com-ja

a former bridge over the Nagahori River in Chūō-ku, Osaka, Japan

a bridge over the Ishikari River in Asahikawa, Kamikawa subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan

a former bridge over the Shiodome River in Shinbashi district, Minato, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

a bridge's former name over the Kanda River in Nakano, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

a bridge's former name over the Motoyasu River before it was destroyed by the atomic bomb, Little Boy, during WW2 in Hiroshima, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan

a commercial district of Minato, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

a hanamachi in Ginza district, Chūō, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

a town in Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, Japan

a district of Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan

a district of Sakata, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan

a district of Kashiwazaki, Niigata Prefecture, Japan

a district of Tomisato, Chiba Prefecture, Japan

a district of Gotemba, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan


プロメーテウス

[pɯ̟ɾo̞me̞ːte̞ɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús)


プロメテウス

プロメーテウス プロメーテウス#Japanese

alternative form of プロメーテウス (Puromēteusu, “Prometheus”) (Greek mythological figure)


オーロラ

ja-pos

オーロラ • (Ōrora)


アウローラ

アウローラ • (Aurōra)

[a̠ɯ̟ɾo̞ːɾa̠]


アウロラ

アウローラ アウローラ#Japanese

alternative form of アウローラ (Aurōra, “Aurora (Roman goddess of dawn)”)


エーオース

エーオース • (Ēōsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἠώς (Ēṓs)


エオス

エーオース エーオース#Japanese

alternative form of エーオース (Ēōsu, “Eos (Greek goddess)”)


妙法蓮華経

ja-pos

みょうほう れんげ きょう

^めうほふ ^れんげ ^きやう

妙(みょう)法(ほう)蓮(れん)華(げ)経(きょう) • (Myōhō Renge Kyō) ^(←めうほふれんげきやう (Meufofu Renge Kyau)?)

妙法蓮華経 (canonical)
Myōhō Renge Kyō (romanization)
Meufofu Renge Kyau (romanization)
めうほふれんげきやう (hiragana historical)

Calque of Sanskrit सद्धर्म पुण्डरीक सूत्र (Saddharma Puṇḍarīka Sūtra).
Equivalent to a compound of 妙法 (myōhō, “teachings of the Buddha”, literally “wondrous law”) + 蓮華 (renge, “lotus flower”) + 経 (kyō, “sutra”).

calque

सद्धर्म पुण्डरीक सूत्र

com

(Buddhism) the Lotus Sutra of the Supreme Dharma


ドラウプニル

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Draupnir


グングニル

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Gungnir


ガルム

極星獣ガルム


ニューブリテン

[ɲ̟ɨː bɯ̟ɾʲitẽ̞ɴ]

ニューブリテン島 ニューブリテン島#Japanese

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English

alternative form of ニューブリテン島 (“New Britain (an island of Papua New Guinea)”)


三十六計

ja-pos

三(さん)十(じゅう)六(ろっ)計(けい) • (Sanjūrokkei) ^(←さんじふろくけい (Sanzifurokukei)?)

三十六計 (canonical)
Sanjūrokkei (romanization)
Sanzifurokukei (romanization)
さんじふろくけい (hiragana historical)

[sã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑɨːɾo̞k̚ke̞ː]


ニンテンドー

alternative spelling of 任天堂 (Nintendō): Nintendo (video game company)


讃仏偈

讃仏偈 (canonical)
Sanbutsu-ge (romanization)

[sã̠mbɯ̟t͡sɨɡe̞]

From 讃仏 (sanbutsu, “praising the Buddha”) + 偈 (ge, “gatha”).

com

光顔巍巍 威神無極 如是焰明 無与等者 日月摩尼 殊光焰耀 皆悉隠蔽 猶若聚墨 [...]

kō gen gigi, i jin mugoku, nyoze en myō, mu yo tō sha, nichigatsu mani, shu kō en-nyō, kai shitsu onpei, yū nyaku ju moku...

(Buddhism) a poetic verse praising the Buddha found in the Infinite Life Sutra:


ニューオーリンズ

ja-pos

ニューオーリンズ • (Nyū Ōrinzu)

From English New Orleans, from French Nouvelle-Orléans.


オルレアン

From French Orléans. Doublet of オーリンズ (Ōrinzu).


オーリンズ

オーリンズ • (Ōrinzu)

From English Orleans, from French Orléans. Doublet of オルレアン (Orurean).


小鳥遊

小鳥遊 (canonical)
Takanashi (romanization)

The kanji spelling, which means “little birds playing,” is a pun on 鷹無し (taka nashi, “no hawk”), because little birds can play when there is no hawk around to hunt them.


オーストリア゠ハンガリー

[o̞ːsɨto̞ɾʲia̠hã̠ŋɡa̠ɾʲiː]

(historical) Austria-Hungary (a former multi-ethnic empire and country in Central Europe existing from 1867 to 1918)


サントメ・プリンシペ

[sa̠n to̞me̞ pɯ̟ɾʲĩɰ̃ɕi̥pe̞]

Calque of Portuguese São Tomé e Príncipe (literally “Saint Thomas and Prince”), equivalent to サントメ (San Tome, “São Tomé”) + プリンシペ (Purinshipe, “Príncipe”).

af

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe

ja:サントメ・プリンシペ


サントメ・プリンシペ民主共和国

ja-pos

サン トメ・プリンシペ みんしゅ きょうわこく

サントメ・プリンシペ民(みん)主(しゅ)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (San Tome Purinshipe Minshu Kyōwakoku)

サントメ・プリンシペ民主共和国 (canonical)
San Tome Purinshipe Minshu Kyōwakoku (romanization)

From サントメ・プリンシペ (San Tome Purinshipe, “São Tomé and Príncipe”) + 民主 (minshu, “democracy”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).

af

the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe


プリンシペ

From Portuguese Príncipe (literally “Prince”).


ペトロ

シモン・ペトロ


ナンパ

Borrowed from English Nampa, from Shoshone nampai (“foot”).

Nampa (the largest city in Canyon County, Idaho, United States)


汨羅江

ja-pos

汨(べき)羅(ら)江(こう) • (Bekirakō) ^(←べきらかう (Bekirakau)?)

汨羅江 (canonical)
Bekirakō (romanization)
Bekirakau (romanization)
べきらかう (hiragana historical)

1930, “青年日本の歌”:

汨羅の淵に波騒ぎ


南風

From Middle Chinese compound 南風 (MC nom pjuwng).


あしび

馬酔木: a Meiji-period tanka magazine; a haiku magazine rebranded from 破魔弓 (Hama Yumi) in 1928


真冬

真(み)冬(ふゆ) or 真(ま)冬(ゆ) • (Mifuyu or Mayu)

真冬 (canonical)
真冬 (canonical)
Mifuyu (romanization)
Mayu (romanization)


あまつかぜ

天津風: an Isokaze-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy; a Kagerō-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy


チュルク

[t͡ɕɨɾɯ̟kɯ̟]

チュルク語族


天城

天城 (canonical)
Amaki (romanization)
天城 (canonical)
Amagi (romanization)

Amagi-class battlecruiser
w:Amagi-class battlecruiser

a class of battlecruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy (see Amagi-class battlecruiser on Wikipedia.Wikipedia)


汨羅

汨羅 (canonical)
Bekira (romanization)
べきら (hiragana historical)

汨羅の淵に波騒ぎ 巫山の雲は乱れ飛ぶ

bekira no fuchi ni nami sawagi fuzan no kumo wa midare tobu

Angry waves swell from the depths of the Miluo
Mount Wu's peak is hazy with swirling clouds

大辞林 w:ja:大辞林

short for 汨羅江 (Miluo River (a river in Hunan, China))


豐原

Kyūjitai form of 豊原: Toyohara, former name of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.


高安

Takayasu (a place and station in Yao, Osaka Prefecture, Japan)

Takayasu (a place in Ikaruga, Ikoma district, Nara Prefecture, Japan)

高安右人

Mikito Takayasu, ophthalmologist known for Takayasu arteritis


高安

a place in Takahata, Higashiokitama district, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan


高安

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 高安 (Gāo'ān).

obor

a county-level city of Yichun, Jiangxi, China


ヤマ

ヤマ (canonical)
やま (canonical)
Yama (romanization)

夜(や)摩(ま) (Yama), the Buddhist ruler of Hell, also called 閻(エン)魔(マ) (Enma)


貞和

[d͡ʑo̞ːβ̞a̠]

the Jōwa era, 1345–1350 by the Northern Court reckoning

正平

eras contemporary to Jōwa (Southern Court reckoning)


丸ノ内

丸ノ内 (canonical)
Marunouchi (romanization)


丸の内

丸の内 (canonical)
Marunouchi (romanization)
丸ノ内 (alternative)

[ma̠ɾɯ̟no̞ɯ̟t͡ɕi]

Literally “inside the circle”, from 丸(まる) (maru, “circle”) and 内(うち) (uchi, “inside”); originally in reference to the moat surrounding the area.

Marunouchi (a neighborhood of Chiyoda, Tokyo)


月月火水木金金

ja-pos

げつ-げつ-か-すい-もく-きん-きん

月月火水木金金 (canonical)
Getsu-Getsu-Ka-Sui-Moku-Kin-Kin (romanization)

Derived from the seven days of the week, but with the weekdays, 日 (nichi, “Sun.”) and 土 (do, “Sat.”) replaced with 月 (getsu, “Mon.”) and 金 (kin, “Fri.”).
Originates from the Imperial Japanese Navy.


夜摩

Transliteration of Sanskrit यम (yamá). Doublet of 閻魔 (Enma).

千代 空の、空の、大空の、夜摩の国といふところに、ぢぢ様も、父様も、また死んだ其方の妹も

1909, Kinoshita Mokutaro, “Nanban ji monzen” (On the front of the Christian church)

A thousand years, the sky, the sky, the big sky, in the realm of Yama, dear Grandfather, and Father, and Sister who died and passed that way

Sendai sora no, sora no, ōzora no, Yama no kuni to ifu tokoro ni, jijisama mo, chichisama mo, mata shinda sonata no imo mo

(Buddhism) short for 夜摩天 (Yamaten): Yama, the Buddhist ruler of 奈落 (Naraku, “Naraka, hell”)


黑柳

黑柳 (canonical)
Kuroyanagi (romanization)


くろやなぎ

黒柳 黑柳 畔柳 畦柳 畔栁 黒栁


えんりゅう

えんりゅう • (Enryū)


てふ

(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 牒, 貼.)


儀三郎

[ɡʲisa̠bɯ̟ɾo̞ː]


奈良原

A topographic surname, from 奈良 (Nara, “Nara city”) + 原 (hara, “meadow, plain, field”)


揚子

Honorific for Yang Xiong (揚雄), an ancient Chinese poet and philosopher


千早

Possibly from 逸早 (ichihaya), stem of classical verb 逸早し (ichihayashi), modern 逸早い (ichihayai, “swift; harsh; fierce”).

short for 千早の歌 (Chihaya-no-uta): a poem used as an insect repellent

千早の歌

Japanese cruiser Chihaya
w:Japanese cruiser Chihaya

a cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy (see Japanese cruiser Chihaya on Wikipedia.Wikipedia)


千早の歌

千早の歌 (canonical)
Chihaya-no-uta (romanization)

The initial 千早 (Chihaya) is derived from the first line of the poem: chihayaburu uzuki yōka wa....

千早振る卯月八日は吉日よかみ下虫を成敗ぞする

chihayaburu uzuki yōka wa kichinichi yo kamisagemushi o seibai zo suru

an Edo-period tanka poem used as an insect repellent:


とせ

とせ (canonical)
トセ (canonical)
Tose (romanization)


壱岐

Iki (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)

(historical) Iki, an old province of Japan


集韻

ja-pos

集(しゅう)韻(いん) • (Shūin) ^(←しふゐん (Sifwin)?)

集韻 (canonical)
Shūin (romanization)
Sifwin (romanization)
しふゐん (hiragana historical)


法華経

法(ほ)華(け)経(きょう) • (Hoke-kyō) ^(←ほふけきやう (Fofukekyau)?)

法華経 (canonical)
Hoke-kyō (romanization)
Fofukekyau (romanization)
ほふけきやう (hiragana historical)
ほっけきょう (alternative hiragana)
Hokke-kyō (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)
ほふけきやう (alternative hiragana historical)

Shorter form of 妙(みょう)法(ほう)蓮(れん)華(げ)経(きょう) (Myōhō Renge Kyō).

ja-r

^みょうほう ^れんげ ^きょう

the Lotus Sutra (Saddharma Puṇḍarīka Sūtra)


黄葉

⟨mo₍₁₎mi₁ti⟩ → */mʷomʲiti/ → */mʷomʲidi/ → /momid͡ʑi/ → /momiʑi/
Shift from Old Japanese 黄葉 (momiti → momichi).
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 黄葉づ (momidu), modern 黄葉ず (momizu, “to yellow in autumn, said of leaves”).
Probably cognate with classical verb 燃ゆ (/mo₁yu/ → moyu), modern 燃える (moeru, “to burn”), from the coloring of autumn leaves appearing like a fire burning.

IPAfont

⟨mo₍₁₎mi₁ti⟩

⟨mo₍₁₎mi₁ti⟩


黄葉

Compound of 黄 (ki, “yellow”) + 葉 (ha, “leaf”). The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


黄葉

黄葉 (canonical)
Ōba (romanization)
Wauba (romanization)
わうば (hiragana historical)

Compound of 黄 (ō, “yellow”, the goon reading) + 葉 (ha, “leaf”, the kun-yomi or native Japanese reading).
The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


黄葉

黄葉 (canonical)
Kōha (romanization)
Kwaufa (romanization)
くわうは (hiragana historical)

Compound of 黄 (kō, “yellow”, the kan'on reading) + 葉 (ha, “leaf”, the kun-yomi or native Japanese reading).


スタバ

スターバックス スターバックス#Japanese


墨田

Sumida (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


櫻澤

櫻澤 (canonical)
Sakurazawa (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠za̠β̞a̠]


京極

[kʲo̞ːɡo̞kɯ̟]


英機

ja-pos

英(ひで)機(き) or 英(えい)機(き) • (Hideki or Eiki)

英機 (canonical)
英機 (canonical)
Hideki (romanization)
Eiki (romanization)


ガリア

(chiefly historical) Gaul (a historical region of Western Europe referring to areas occupied by Celts during Roman times, roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine)


ニオベー

ニオベー • (Niobē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νιόβη (Nióbē)


ニオベ

alternative form of ニオベー (Niobē, “Niobe”)


タンタロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τάνταλος (Tántalos)


ダルムシュタット

Darmstadt (an independent city in Hesse, Germany; the administrative seat of Darmstadt-Dieburg district)


獅城

シンガポール シンガポール#Japanese

Alternative name for シンガポール (Shingapōru, “Singapore”): Lion City


インデヤン

インディアン インディアン#Japanese

(obsolete) alternative form of インディアン (Indian)


浪速

浪速 (canonical)
Naniwa (romanization)
Nanifa (romanization)
なには (hiragana historical)

Ultimately a corruption of Old Japanese 浪速 (Nami₁paya).

alternative spelling of 難波 (Naniwa): an old placename for the region now known as 大阪 (Ōsaka, “Osaka”)

難波

short for 浪速区 (Naniwa-ku): one of the twenty-four wards of Osaka


えりか

絵理佳, 英里佳, 絵里加, 英里香, 恵里加, 恵梨香, 恵里香: a female given name


多聞

多 (“poly-; multi-”) + 聞 (“to hear; to learn”)


睦仁

ja-pos

睦(むつ)仁(ひと) or 睦仁(むねひと) • (Mutsuhito or Munehito)

睦仁 (canonical)
睦仁 (canonical)
Mutsuhito (romanization)
Munehito (romanization)


オリュンポス

[o̞ɾʲɨ̃mpo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὄλῠμπος (Ólŭmpos)

lbor

オリンポス オリンポス#Japanese

alternative form of オリンポス (Orinposu, “Olympus (The highest mountain in Greece)”)


オリンポス

オリンポス山

Olympus (The highest mountain in Greece)


ミダース

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μίδας (Mídas)


ミダス

alternative form of ミダース (Midāsu, “Midas”)


鸕鷀草葺不合尊

ja-pos

^うがやふきあえず の ^みこと

^うがやふきあへず の ^みこと

鸕鷀草葺不合尊(うがやふきあえずのみこと) • (Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto) ^(←うがやふきあへずのみこと (Ugayafukiafezu no Mikoto)?)

鸕鷀草葺不合尊 (canonical)
Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto (romanization)
Ugayafukiafezu no Mikoto (romanization)
うがやふきあへずのみこと (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese.
Short-form of 天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命 (Amatsuhiko Hikonagisatake Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto), attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) Ugayafukiaezu, the son of Hikohohodemi no Mikoto and Toyotamabime, and the father of Emperor Jimmu


天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

^あまつひこ ^ひこなぎさたけ ^うがやふきあえず の ^みこと

^あまつひこ ^ひこなぎさたけ ^うがやふきあへず の ^みこと

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命(あまつひこひこなぎさたけうがやふきあえずのみこと) • (Amatsuhiko Hikonagisatake Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto) ^(←あまつひこひこなぎさたけうがやふきあへずのみこと (Amatufiko Fikonagisatake Ugayafukiafezu no Mikoto)?)

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命 (canonical)
あまつひこひこなぎさたけうがやふきあへずのみこと (hiragana historical)

[a̠ma̠t͡sɨçiko̞ çiko̞na̠ɡʲisa̠ta̠ke̞ ɯ̟ɡa̠ja̠ɸɯ̟kʲia̠e̞zɨ no̞ mʲiko̞to̞]

Attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
The name of the kami is derived from:
* 天 (ama, “heaven, sky”, combining form) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 彦 (hiko, “boy”, euphemism; here spelled 日高)
* 彦 (hiko, here spelled 日子) + 渚 (nagisa, “water's edge”, spelled with 波) + 丈 (take, “length; all”, spelled with 限建)
* 鵜 (u, “cormorant”) + 茅葺き (kayafuki, “thatched roof”, with rendaku (連濁) shift; spelled with 葺草葺) + 合えず (aezu, “not completing”), negative 已然形 (izenkei, “realis form”) of 合う (au, “to unite → to finish”, spelled with 不合)
* 命, 尊 (mikoto) is a sacred title suffixed to Shinto deities.
The irregular kanji spellings are a combination of ateji (当て字) and jukujikun (熟字訓).
The name of the deity would likely mean the “son of the god come from heaven, born before the hut at the water's edge had been completely thatched with cormorant feathers”.

sortkey

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

あまつひこひこなきさたけうかやふきあえすのみこと

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

あまつひこひこなきさたけうかやふきあえすのみこと

天津日高日子波限建鵜葺草葺不合命

あまつひこひこなきさたけうかやふきあえすのみこと


彌生

彌生 (canonical)
Yayoi (romanization)
Yayofi (romanization)
やよひ (hiragana historical)


ヨルダン・ハシミテ王国

ja-pos

ヨルダン ハシミテ おうこく

ヨルダン・ハシミテ王(おう)国(こく) • (Yorudan Hashimite Ōkoku)

ヨルダン・ハシミテ王国 (canonical)
Yorudan Hashimite Ōkoku (romanization)

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan#English:_Q810

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (official name of Jordan: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


ブルネイ・ダルサラーム国

^ブルネイ ^ダルサラーム-こく

ブルネイ・ダルサラーム国(こく) • (Burunei Darusarāmu-koku)

ブルネイ・ダルサラーム国 (canonical)
Burunei Darusarāmu-koku (romanization)

the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace


オマーン国

オマーン国 (canonical)
Omān-koku (romanization)

From オマーン (Omān, “Oman”) + 国 (koku, “state”).

Sultanate of Oman (the official name of Oman)


ロードアイランド

Rhode Island
Rhode Island#English:_Q1387

Rhode Island (the smallest state of the United States)

ja:ロードアイランド (曖昧さ回避)


プロビデンス

Providence (the capital city of Rhode Island)


蜂須賀

蜂須賀 (canonical)
Hachisuka (romanization)


モンゴル帝国

モンゴル帝国 (canonical)
Mongoru Teikoku (romanization)

From モンゴル (Mongoru, “Mongolia”) + 帝国 (teikoku, “empire”).


中坊

中坊 (canonical)
Nakabō (romanization)
厨坊 (alternative)
厨房 (alternative)


ユースティティア

ja-pos

ユースティティア • (Yūsutitia)


ディケー

ディケー • (Dikē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δίκη (Díkē)


華族

ja-pos

華(か)族(ぞく) or 華(か)族(しょく) or 華(か)族(そく) • (Kazoku or Kashoku or Kasoku) ^(←くわぞく (Kwazoku) or くわしよく (Kwasyoku) or くわそく (Kwasoku)?)

華族 (canonical)
華族 (canonical)
華族 (canonical)
Kazoku (romanization)
Kashoku (romanization)
Kasoku (romanization)
Kwazoku (romanization)
Kwasyoku (romanization)
Kwasoku (romanization)
くわぞく (hiragana historical)
くわしよく (hiragana historical)
くわそく (hiragana historical)

synonym of 清華家 (Seiga-ke), an aristocratic family of the Japanese empire


キマイラ

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Χίμαιρα (Khímaira).


大宝

ja-pos

大(たい)宝(ほう) or 大(だい)宝(ほう) • (Taihō or Daihō)

大宝 (canonical)
大宝 (canonical)
Taihō (romanization)
Daihō (romanization)


重次郎

重(じゅう)次(じ)郎(ろう) • (Jūjirō)


昌子

昌(まさ)子(こ) or 昌(しょう)子(こ) • (Masako or Shōko)

昌子 (canonical)
昌子 (canonical)
Masako (romanization)
Shōko (romanization)


さなこ

紗奈子, 小那子, 小名子, 咲菜子, 咲奈子, 作奈子, 佐那子, 佐奈子: a female given name

早菜子, 早奈子, 彩七虹, 小菜子, 紗菜子, 小奈子, 紗南子, 沙那子: a female given name

沙菜子, 沙奈子, 沙名子, 沙南子, 早那子, 聡和子, 紗那子: a female given name


ナタン

ja:ナタン (預言者)


神村

Compound of 神 (kami, “god”) + 村 (mura, “village”).


神村

Shift from older kamumura, itself a compound of 神 (kamu, “god”, ancient compounding form) + 村 (mura, “village”).
/kamumura/ → /kɔːmura/ → /koːmura/


一ノ関

一ノ関 (canonical)
Ichinoseki (romanization)


暢子

ja-pos

暢(のぶ)子(こ) or 暢(よう)子(こ) • (Nobuko or Yōko)

暢子 (canonical)
暢子 (canonical)
Nobuko (romanization)
Yōko (romanization)


宜子

宜(のぶ)子(こ) or 宜(たか)子(こ) or 宜子(ことこ) or 宜子(のりこ) or 宜子(まさこ) or 宜(よし)子(こ) or 宜子(よりこ) • (Nobuko or Takako or Kotoko or Noriko or Masako or Yoshiko or Yoriko)

宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
Nobuko (romanization)
Takako (romanization)
Kotoko (romanization)
Noriko (romanization)
Masako (romanization)
Yoshiko (romanization)
Yoriko (romanization)


友子

友(とも)子(こ) or 友(ゆう)子(こ) • (Tomoko or Yūko)

友子 (canonical)
友子 (canonical)
Tomoko (romanization)
Yūko (romanization)


焼島

焼島(やけしま) or 焼島(やきしま) or 焼島(やきじま) • (Yakeshima or Yakishima or Yakijima)

焼島 (canonical)
焼島 (canonical)
焼島 (canonical)
Yakeshima (romanization)
Yakishima (romanization)
Yakijima (romanization)


牡丹峰

Borrowed from Korean 모란봉 (牡丹峰, Moranbong).

Moranbong (a hill in Pyongyang, North Korea)


山桜

山桜 (canonical)
Yamazakura (romanization)

Compound of 山(やま) (yama, “mountain”) + 桜(サクラ) (sakura, “cherry tree, Prunus serrulata”).
The sakura changes to zakura as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


ひみこ

ひみこ (canonical)
ヒミコ (canonical)
Himiko (romanization)

卑弥呼: Himiko, semi-legendary queen of Yamatai

ひみ子, 一三子, 火見胡, 火見子, 火魅子, 光水子, 公子, 灯望光: a female given name

日海子, 日見子, 日実子, 日珠子, 日美子, 日魅子, 日巳子, 日弥子: a female given name

卑弥呼, 卑弥子, 妃実子, 妃美子, 妃魅姑, 妃魅子, 妃弥子, 斐実子: a female given name

斐美子, 比見古, 比美子, 緋実子, 緋美子, 緋巫女, 飛実子, 姫美子: a female given name

姫巫女, 氷海子, 氷見子, 氷実子, 氷水女, 氷美子, 陽王子: a female given name


ひみここ

卑弥弓呼: Himikoko, semi-legendary king of Kuna/Kunu


常磐

常磐 (canonical)
Tokiwa (romanization)
Tokifa (romanization)
ときは (hiragana historical)

⟨to₂ko₂ ipa⟩ → ⟨to₂ki₁pa⟩ → */təkʲipa/ → /tokifa/ → /tokiwa/
From Old Japanese.
Shift from a compound of 常 (toko, “unchanging”) + 岩 (iwa, “rock”).
The evergreen sense is ateji for 常葉 (tokiwa, tokoha, literally “eternal + leaves”).


常磐

ja-pos

常(じょう)磐(ばん) • (Jōban) ^(←じやうばん (Zyauban)?)

常磐 (canonical)
Jōban (romanization)
Zyauban (romanization)
じやうばん (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑo̞ːbã̠ɴ]

/d͡ʑauban/ → /d͡ʑɔːban/ → /d͡ʑoːban/
From the first kanji of the names of the provinces: the 常 (jō) of 常陸 (Hitachi), and the 磐 (ban) of 磐城 (Iwaki).

常磐自動車道

自動車道 じどうしゃどう

(historical) the provinces of Hitachi and Iwaki

Jōban (a former city in southeastern Fukushima Prefecture, today merged with the city of Iwaki)


常盤

常盤 (canonical)
Tokiwa (romanization)
Tokifa (romanization)
ときは (hiragana historical)

⟨to₂ko₂ ipa⟩ → ⟨to₂ki₁pa⟩ → */təkʲipa/ → /tokifa/ → /tokiwa/
From Old Japanese.
Shift from a compound of 常 (toko, “unchanging”) + 岩 (iwa, “rock”).

short for 常盤御前 (Tokiwa Gozen): the mother of Minamoto no Yoshitsune

常盤御前

a place name, especially in Ukyō Ward, Kyoto


水内

Compound of 水 (mizu, “water”) + 内 (uchi, “inside, within”).


水内

Compound of 水 (mizu, “water”) + 内 (nai, “inside, within”).


水内

Appears to be a contraction of mi no uchi, from 水 (mi, “water”, combining form only used in compounds) + の (no, possessive particle) + 内 (uchi, “inside, within”).


信長

→ English: Nobunaga, Nabunanga


博多

Hakata (a region of Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan)

Hakata (a ward of Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan)


プーチン

ウラジーミル・プーチン

Пу́тин Путин#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Пу́тин (Pútin), Putin


祥子

ja-pos

祥(さち)子(こ) or 祥(しょう)子(こ) • (Sachiko or Shōko)

祥子 (canonical)
祥子 (canonical)
Sachiko (romanization)
Shōko (romanization)


せんしゅうらく

千秋楽: a Tang-style gagaku, originally played to mark the enthronement of Emperor Go-Sanjō; the finale of 高砂 (Takasago, a noh play)


フエゴ島

Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego
Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego

Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego (the largest island of Tierra del Fuego)


ティエラ・デル・フエゴ

Tierra del Fuego (archipelago at the southern tip of South America)

ja:ティエラ・デル・フエゴ


康熙字典

康(こう)熙(き)字(じ)典(てん) • (Kōkijiten) ^(←かうきじてん (Kaukiziten)?)

康熙字典 (canonical)
Kōkijiten (romanization)
Kaukiziten (romanization)
かうきじてん (hiragana historical)

the Kangxi Dictionary (dictionary and cross reference of Chinese characters, first published in 1716 at the behest of the Kangxi emperor, and used to the present day).


田駒

obsolete spelling of タコマ (= Tacoma): a city in Washington, United States


桜府

桜府 (canonical)
Ōfu (romanization)
Aufu (romanization)
あうふ (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Sacramento (a city in California, United States)


素法県

素法県(スポーケン) • (Supōken)

1915 September 8, 旭新聞 (Asahi Shinbun) [The Asahi News], number 3240, page 4:

昨年素法縣觀光團が組織されて[…]

Sakunen Supōken kankōdan ga soshiki sarete […]

スポーケン スポーケン#Japanese

obsolete spelling of スポーケン (= Spokane): a city in Washington, United States


スポケーン

Spokane (a city in Washington, United States)


ス市

ス市ツレントアーレー

スポケーン スポケーン#Japanese

(obsolete) short for スポケーン市 (Supokēn-shi, “Spokane (a city in Washington, United States)”)


タコマ

Tacoma (a city in Washington, United States)


ポ市

ポートランド ポートランド#Japanese

(obsolete) short for ポートランド市 (Pōtorando-shi, “Portland (a city in Oregon, United States)”)


ポートランド

Portland (a city in Oregon, United States)


ホノルル

Honolulu (a city, the state capital of Honolulu, Hawaii, United States)

Honolulu (a county of Hawaii, United States)


君府

君府 (canonical)
Konsutanchinōpuru (romanization)

コンスタンチノープル コンスタンチノープル#Japanese

obsolete spelling of コンスタンチノープル (= Constantinople): the capital of the Ottoman Empire; modern Istanbul


コンスタンチノープル

(historical) Constantinople (a city in the Ottoman Empire; modern Istanbul)


落機山

落機山 (canonical)
Rokkī-san (romanization)

(obsolete) Rocky Mountains (a mountain range in the United States)


ロッキー山脈

ロッキー山脈 (canonical)
Rokkī Sanmyaku (romanization)


よしいさ

佳功, 義勇, 好義, 叔功, 善勇, 能功, 良功: a male given name


能功

能(たか)功(のり) or 能(よし)功(いさ) or 能(よし)功(かつ) • (Takanori or Yoshiisa or Yoshikatsu)

能功 (canonical)
能功 (canonical)
能功 (canonical)
Takanori (romanization)
Yoshiisa (romanization)
Yoshikatsu (romanization)


伊佐

Isa (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


伊紗

伊紗 (canonical)
伊紗 (canonical)
Isa (romanization)
Isuzu (romanization)


羽美子

羽(う)美(み)子(こ) or 羽(は)美(み)子(こ) • (Umiko or Hamiko)

羽美子 (canonical)
羽美子 (canonical)
Umiko (romanization)
Hamiko (romanization)


羽美

羽(う)美(み) or 羽(は)美(み) or 羽(はね)美(み) • (Umi or Hami or Hanemi)

羽美 (canonical)
羽美 (canonical)
羽美 (canonical)
Umi (romanization)
Hami (romanization)
Hanemi (romanization)


主祷文

主(しゅ)祷(とう)文(ぶん) • (Shutōbun) ^(←しゆたうぶん (Syutaubun)?)

主祷文 (canonical)
Shutōbun (romanization)
Syutaubun (romanization)
しゆたうぶん (hiragana historical)

[ɕɨto̞ːbɯ̟̃ɴ]


美来

美(み)来(き) or 美(み)来(く) or 美(み)来(くる) or 美(み)来(ら) or 美(み)来(らい) or 美(み)来(るく) • (Miki or Miku or Mikuru or Mira or Mirai or Miruku)

美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
Miki (romanization)
Miku (romanization)
Mikuru (romanization)
Mira (romanization)
Mirai (romanization)
Miruku (romanization)
くるらい (hiragana)


こうしゅん

こうしゅん • (Kōshun)

広春, 香舜, 光春, 光俊, 功俊, 宏春, 恒春, 晃舜: a male given name


香春

Kawara (a town in Tagawa district, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


香春

香(こう)春(しゅん) or 香(こ)春(はる) • (Kōshun or Koharu)

香春 (canonical)
香春 (canonical)
Kōshun (romanization)
Koharu (romanization)


宏治

宏(ひろ)治(はる) or 宏(こう)治(じ) or 宏(ひろ)治(じ) • (Hiroharu or Kōji or Hiroji)

宏治 (canonical)
宏治 (canonical)
宏治 (canonical)
Hiroharu (romanization)
Kōji (romanization)
Hiroji (romanization)


波並

Hanami, Hanami Station (a former railway station in the town of Noto, Hōsu district, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


埴見

Hanami (a district of the city of Tohakugunyurihamacho, Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


埴原

埴(はに)原(はら) or 埴原(しょくはら) or 埴原(うえはら) or 埴(はい)原(ばら) or 埴(はに)原(わら) or 埴原(はやはら) • (Hanihara or Shokuhara or Uehara or Haibara or Haniwara or Hayahara)

埴原 (canonical)
埴原 (canonical)
埴原 (canonical)
埴原 (canonical)
埴原 (canonical)
埴原 (canonical)
Hanihara (romanization)
Shokuhara (romanization)
Uehara (romanization)
Haibara (romanization)
Haniwara (romanization)
Hayahara (romanization)


花珠

花(はな)珠(み) or 花(か)珠(じゅ) • (Hanami or Kaju)

花珠 (canonical)
花珠 (canonical)
Hanami (romanization)
Kaju (romanization)


珠水

珠(す)水(ず) or 珠(たま)水(み) • (Suzu or Tamami)

珠水 (canonical)
珠水 (canonical)
Suzu (romanization)
Tamami (romanization)


あおいこ

あおい子, 愛生子, 葵子, 蒼子, 碧子: a female given name


愛生子

愛(あ)生(おい)子(こ) • (Aoiko) ^(←あおひこ (Aofiko)?)

愛生子 (canonical)
Aoiko (romanization)
Aofiko (romanization)
あおひこ (hiragana historical)


愛生

愛(あ)生(おい) or 愛(まな)生(お) or 愛(あ)生(き) or 愛(いと)生(い) or 愛(み)生(う) or 愛(うい)生(な) • (Aoi or Manao or Aki or Itoi or Miu or Uina)

愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
Aoi (romanization)
Manao (romanization)
Aki (romanization)
Itoi (romanization)
Miu (romanization)
Uina (romanization)


暖々

暖(ぬく)々(ぬく) or 暖(の)々(の) • (Nukunuku or Nono)

暖々 (canonical)
暖々 (canonical)
Nukunuku (romanization)
Nono (romanization)


のの

楽, 音暖, 音乃, 叶希, 希々, 希乃, 希望, 稀乃: a female given name

稀乃, 紀々, 紀乃, 暖々, 暖埜, 暖野, 乃々, 乃紀: a female given name

埜々, 埜乃, 能乃, 望乃, 野々, 野乃, 暖乃: a female given name


丹山

丹(たん)山(やま) or 丹(に)山(やま) • (Tan'yama or Niyama)

丹山 (canonical)
Tanzan (romanization)
丹山 (canonical)
丹山 (canonical)
Tan'yama (romanization)
Niyama (romanization)


端山

端(たん)山(やま) or 端山(はしやま) or 端山(はすやま) or 端山(はたやま) or 端(は)山(やま) or 端山(ばたやま) or 端山(みずやま) • (Tan'yama or Hashiyama or Hasuyama or Hatayama or Hayama or Batayama or Mizuyama)

端山 (canonical)
Tanzan (romanization)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
Tan'yama (romanization)
Hashiyama (romanization)
Hasuyama (romanization)
Hatayama (romanization)
Hayama (romanization)
Batayama (romanization)
Mizuyama (romanization)
端山 (canonical)
Habayama (romanization)


希望華

希(き)望(み)華(か) or 希(あ)望(す)華(か) • (Kimika or Asuka)

希望華 (canonical)
希望華 (canonical)
Kimika (romanization)
Asuka (romanization)


愛泉

愛(あい)泉(せん) or 愛(あい)泉(み) or 愛(あ)泉(み) or 愛(のぞ)泉(み) or 愛(めい)泉(み) • (Aisen or Aimi or Ami or Nozomi or Meimi)

愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
Aisen (romanization)
Aimi (romanization)
Ami (romanization)
Nozomi (romanization)
Meimi (romanization)


希海

希(のぞ)海(み) or 希(き)海(み) or 希(の)海(あ) or 希海(まりん) or 希(あゆ)海(み) • (Nozomi or Kimi or Noa or Marin or Ayumi)

希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
Nozomi (romanization)
Kimi (romanization)
Noa (romanization)
Marin (romanization)
Ayumi (romanization)


李香

李(り)香(か) or 李香(ももか) or 李香(りこ) • (Rika or Momoka or Riko)

李香 (canonical)
李香 (canonical)
李香 (canonical)
Rika (romanization)
Momoka (romanization)
Riko (romanization)


展明

展(のぶ)明(あき) or 展(のり)明(あき) or 展(ひろ)明(あき) • (Nobuaki or Noriaki or Hiroaki)

展明 (canonical)
展明 (canonical)
展明 (canonical)
Nobuaki (romanization)
Noriaki (romanization)
Hiroaki (romanization)


展生

展(のぶ)生(お) or 展(ひろ)生(お) • (Nobuo or Hirō)

展生 (canonical)
展生 (canonical)
Nobuo (romanization)
Hirō (romanization)


石持

Compound of 石(いし) (ishi, “stone”) + 持(も)ち (mochi, “possession, ownership”). Literally, “having stones”, referring to the prominently large otoliths in the croakers' skulls.


実己

ja-pos

実(み)己(き) or 実(みつ)己(き) • (Miki or Mitsuki)

実己 (canonical)
実己 (canonical)
Miki (romanization)
Mitsuki (romanization)


愛音

愛音(あいと) or 愛音(あいな) or 愛(あい)音(ね) or 愛音(あいの) or 愛(あ)音(おと) or 愛音(あのん) or 愛音(あまね) or 愛音(あやね) or 愛(いと)音(ね) or 愛(ちか)音(ね) or 愛音(はいね) or 愛音(はいりん) or 愛音(まお) or 愛(まな)音(ね) or 愛(み)音(お) or 愛音(もね) or 愛音(わおん) • (Aito or Aina or Aine or Aino or Aoto or Anon or Amane or Ayane or Itone or Chikane or Haine or Hairin or Mao or Manane or Mio or Mone or Waon)

愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
Aito (romanization)
Aina (romanization)
Aine (romanization)
Aino (romanization)
Aoto (romanization)
Anon (romanization)
Amane (romanization)
Ayane (romanization)
Itone (romanization)
Chikane (romanization)
Haine (romanization)
Hairin (romanization)
Mao (romanization)
Manane (romanization)
Mio (romanization)
Mone (romanization)
Waon (romanization)


サンマリノ

San Marino (a country in Southern Europe)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


五右衛門

五(ご)右衛(え)門(もん) • (Goemon) ^(←ごゑもん (Gowemon)?)

五右衛門 (canonical)
Goemon (romanization)
Gowemon (romanization)
ごゑもん (hiragana historical)

石川五右衛門

五右衛門風呂

五右衛門風呂 ごえもんぶろ

a bath taken in a barrel of water directly heated underneath


ごえもん

Goemon (romanization)
Gowemon (romanization)
ごゑもん (hiragana historical)

五右衛門, 五衛門, 伍右衛門, 伍衛門, 吾右衛門, 吾衛門: a male given name


源五右衛門

源(げん)五(ご)右衛(え)門(もん) • (Gengoemon) ^(←げんごゑもん (Gengowemon)?)

源五右衛門 (canonical)
Gengoemon (romanization)
Gengowemon (romanization)
げんごゑもん (hiragana historical)


典江

典(ふみ)江(え) or 典(のり)江(え) or 典(みち)江(え) • (Fumie or Norie or Michie)

典江 (canonical)
典江 (canonical)
典江 (canonical)
Fumie (romanization)
Norie (romanization)
Michie (romanization)


典子

千家典子


典子

紺谷典子


典生

典(つね)生(お) or 典(みち)生(お) or 典(てん)生(せい) or 典(のり)生(お) or 典(のり)生(なお) or 典(のり)生(ふさ) or 典(ふみ)生(お) • (Tsuneo or Michio or Tensei or Norio or Norinao or Norifusa or Fumio)

典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
Tsuneo (romanization)
Michio (romanization)
Tensei (romanization)
Norio (romanization)
Norinao (romanization)
Norifusa (romanization)
Fumio (romanization)


典正

典(てん)正(せい) or 典(のり)正(まさ) • (Tensei or Norimasa)

典正 (canonical)
典正 (canonical)
Tensei (romanization)
Norimasa (romanization)


りさ

梨沙, 梨紗, 莉沙, 理紗, 理沙, 里沙, 里紗: a female given name


数右衛門

数(かず)右衛(え)門(もん) • (Kazuemon) ^(←かずゑもん (Kazwemon)?)

数右衛門 (canonical)
Kazuemon (romanization)
Kazwemon (romanization)
かずゑもん (hiragana historical)


和香

和(わ)香(か) or 和(あい)香(か) or 和香(あえか) or 和(かず)香(か) or 和香(かずこ) or 和香(のどか) or 和香(ほのか) or 和香(まどか) • (Waka or Aika or Aeka or Kazuka or Kazuko or Nodoka or Honoka or Madoka)

和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
Waka (romanization)
Aika (romanization)
Aeka (romanization)
Kazuka (romanization)
Kazuko (romanization)
Nodoka (romanization)
Honoka (romanization)
Madoka (romanization)


省作

省(しょう)作(さく) or 省(せい)作(さく) • (Shōsaku or Seisaku)

省作 (canonical)
省作 (canonical)
Shōsaku (romanization)
Seisaku (romanization)


正作

正(しょう)作(さく) or 正(せい)作(さく) or 正(まさ)作(さく) or 正(まさ)作(なお) • (Shōsaku or Seisaku or Masasaku or Masanao)

正作 (canonical)
正作 (canonical)
正作 (canonical)
正作 (canonical)
Shōsaku (romanization)
Seisaku (romanization)
Masasaku (romanization)
Masanao (romanization)


サンチアゴ

サンティアゴ サンティアゴ#Japanese


サンチャゴ

サンティアゴ サンティアゴ#Japanese


釜足

釜足 (canonical)
Kamatari (romanization)
釜足 (canonical)
Kamasoku (romanization)


やざわ

矢沢, 谷沢, 屋沢, 屋澤, 谷澤, 八沢, 八澤, 矢澤: a surname


虎ノ門

虎(とら)ノ門(もん) or 虎(とら)ノ門(もん) • (Toranomon)

虎ノ門 (canonical)
Toranomon (romanization)

Toranomon (a region of Minato, Tokyo, Japan)


沢村

沢(さわ)村(むら) or 沢村(まるしお) • (Sawamura or Marushio)

沢村 (canonical)
沢村 (canonical)
Sawamura (romanization)
Marushio (romanization)


ふきお

富貴朗, 不器男, 不器雄, 不器夫, 富貴男, 富貴夫, 富貴雄: a male given name


処暑

立春

二十四節気 (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Spring

立夏

二十四節気 (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Summer

立秋

二十四節気 (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Autumn

立冬

二十四節気 (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Winter


厚真

Atsuma (a town in Iburi subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan)


淫夢

真夏の夜の淫夢 w:ja:真夏の夜の淫夢

(Internet slang) short for 真夏の夜の淫夢 (Manatsu no Yoru no Inmu, “‘A Midsummer Night's Lewd Dream‘, a work of gay pornography that has become a Japanese internet meme”)


従道

従(じゅう)道(どう) or 従(つぐ)道(みち) • (Jūdō or Tsugumichi)

従道 (canonical)
従道 (canonical)
Jūdō (romanization)
Tsugumichi (romanization)


かずろう

和郎, 一朗, 一郎, 胤郎, 数朗, 数郎, 和朗, 佳寿朗: a male given name


卑弥呼

Cao Wei
Daijirin
Daijisen
Records of the Three Kingdoms
ja:松村明

First attested in the 三国志 (Sangokushi, “Records of the Three Kingdoms”), particularly in the 魏志倭人伝 (Gishi Wajinden, “Records of Cao Wei on the Account of the People of Wa”).
From Literary Chinese 卑彌呼 (OC *pie mie hɑ) in Later Han pronunciation, the original pronunciation remains uncertain.

(historical) a semi-legendary queen of 邪馬台国 (Yamatai-koku, “Yamatai”)


藍希

藍希 (canonical)
藍希 (canonical)
Aino (romanization)
Aiki (romanization)


まさつぐ

真, 正次, 正継, 昌次, 雅継, 将嗣, 政嗣, 将次: a male given name


武道館

[bɯ̟do̞ːkã̠ɴ]

From 武道(ぶどう) (budō, “martial art”) + 館(かん) (-kan, “hall, building”).

ja-compound

日本武道館 w:ja:日本武道館

short for 日本武道館 (Nippon Budōkan, “the Nippon Budokan”)


翰林院

ja-pos

翰(かん)林(りん)院(いん) • (Kanrin'in) ^(←かんりんゐん (Kanrin'win)?)

翰林院 (canonical)
Kanrin'in (romanization)
Kanrin'win (romanization)
かんりんゐん (hiragana historical)

[kã̠n̺ɾʲĩɰ̃ĩɴ]


信玄

信(のぶ)玄(はる) or 信(しん)玄(げん) • (Nobuharu or Shingen)

信玄 (canonical)
信玄 (canonical)
Nobuharu (romanization)
Shingen (romanization)


さいとう

さいとう • (Saitō)


岡崎屋

岡崎屋 (canonical)
Okazakiya (romanization)


王府

王府 (canonical)
Ōfu (romanization)
Waufu (romanization)
わうふ (hiragana historical)

(historical) Ryukyuan royal administration (government)

1908, 丸山千曲, 亞郡同胞大勢一覽 (Agun Dōhō Taisei Ichiran), 新世界新聞王府支社:

王府地圖

1917 April 25, “王(わう)府(ふ)市(し)場(ぜう)と苺(いちご)取(とり)引(ひき) (Ōfu shijō to ichigo torihiki)”, in 日米 (Nichibei) [The Japanese American News], page 8:

亞郡並に華村地方の日本人苺園より王府市場に出荷する苺は昨今四十チヤスト前後にして[…]

Agun narabi ni Wasson chihō no Nihonjin ichigo-en yori Ōfu shijō ni shukka suru ichigo wa sakkon yonjū chasuto zengo ni shite […]

(obsolete) Oakland (a city in Alameda, California, United States)


配島

配(はい)島(じま) or 配(はい)島(しま) • (Haijima or Haishima)

配島 (canonical)
配島 (canonical)
Haijima (romanization)
Haishima (romanization)


蓜嶋

蓜(はい)嶋(じま) or 蓜(はい)嶋(しま) • (Haijima or Haishima)

蓜嶋 (canonical)
蓜嶋 (canonical)
Haijima (romanization)
Haishima (romanization)


權兵衞

權(ごん)兵(べ)衞(え) or 權(ごんの)兵(ひょう)衞(え) • (Gonbee or Gonnohyōe)

權兵衞 (canonical)
權兵衞 (canonical)
Gonbee (romanization)
Gonnohyōe (romanization)


糸魚川

Itoigawa (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


卑弥弓呼

卑弥弓呼 (canonical)
Himikoko (romanization)

First attested in the 三国志 (Sangokushi, “Records of the Three Kingdoms”).
From Literary Chinese 卑彌弓呼 (OC *pie mie kuŋ hɑ) in Later Han pronunciation, the original pronunciation remains uncertain.

(historical) Himikoko/Himikuku, a semi-legendary king of 狗奴国 (Kuna-koku, “Kuna/Kunu”)


嘉祥

嘉祥 (canonical)
Kashō (romanization)
Kasyau (romanization)
かしやう (hiragana historical)


豊仁

豊(とよ)仁(ひと) or 豊(ゆた)仁(ひと) • (Toyohito or Yutahito)

豊仁 (canonical)
豊仁 (canonical)
Toyohito (romanization)
Yutahito (romanization)


モスコー

From English Moscow. Doublet of モスクワ (Mosukuwa).

unincorporated communities
unincorporated community

Moscow (a large number of unincorporated communities in the United States)


柬蒲寨

The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).

カンボジア カンボジア#Japanese

dated spelling of カンボジア (Kanbojia, “Cambodia (a country)”)


済南事件

済南事件 (canonical)
Sainanjiken (romanization)

[sa̠inã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑikẽ̞ɴ]

済南 (Sainan, “Jinan”) + 事件 (jiken, “incident”)


柬蒲塞

カンボジア カンボジア#Japanese


羅宇

The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字), from Chinese 羅宇 /罗宇.

dated spelling of ラオス (Raosu, “Laos (a country)”)


夕凪

ja-pos

夕(ゆう)凪(なぎ) • (Yūnagi) ^(←ゆふなぎ (Yufunagi)?)

夕凪 (canonical)
Yūnagi (romanization)
Yufunagi (romanization)
ゆふなぎ (hiragana historical)

[jɯ̟ːna̠ɡʲi]

Compound of 夕(ゆう) (yū, “evening”) + 凪(なぎ) (nagi, “calm, lull”).

ja-compound

Japanese destroyer Yūnagi
w:Japanese destroyer Yūnagi

either one of the two Kamikaze-class destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (see Japanese destroyer Yūnagi on WikipediaWikipedia)


神渡

神渡 (canonical)
Kamiwatari (romanization)


智絵

ja-pos

智(ち)絵(え) or 智(さと)絵(え) or 智(ち)絵(か) or 智(とも)絵(え) • (Chie or Satoe or Chika or Tomoe)

智絵 (canonical)
智絵 (canonical)
智絵 (canonical)
智絵 (canonical)
Chie (romanization)
Satoe (romanization)
Chika (romanization)
Tomoe (romanization)


千絵

千絵 (canonical)
千絵 (canonical)
Chie (romanization)
Yukie (romanization)


昌次

昌(まさ)次(つぐ) or 昌(しょう)次(じ) • (Masatsugu or Shōji)

昌次 (canonical)
昌次 (canonical)
Masatsugu (romanization)
Shōji (romanization)


恒子

恒(つね)子(こ) or 恒(こう)子(こ) or 恒(ひさ)子(こ) or 恒子(ちかこ) • (Tsuneko or Kōko or Hisako or Chikako)

恒子 (canonical)
恒子 (canonical)
恒子 (canonical)
恒子 (canonical)
Tsuneko (romanization)
Kōko (romanization)
Hisako (romanization)
Chikako (romanization)


日朝

日(にっ)朝(ちょう) • (Nitchō) ^(←にちてう (Nititeu)?)

日朝 (canonical)
Nitchō (romanization)
Nititeu (romanization)
にちてう (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟it̚t͡ɕo̞ː]

日 (“Japan”) + 朝 (“(North) Korea”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 朝鮮 (Chōsen, “(North) Korea”)

blend

日朝修好条規

(history, chiefly attributive) Japan and Korea

日朝平壌宣言

the Japan–North Korea Pyongyang Declaration

(chiefly attributive) Japan and North Korea


えみり

瑛実理, 誉実利, 恵実利, 恵実理, 絵実理: a female given name


真翔

ja-pos

真(まな)翔(と) or 真(まこ)翔(と) • (Manato or Makoto)

真翔 (canonical)
真翔 (canonical)
Manato (romanization)
Makoto (romanization)


志恵

志恵 (canonical)
志恵 (canonical)
Shie (romanization)
Yukie (romanization)


志絵

志絵 (canonical)
志絵 (canonical)
Yukie (romanization)
Shie (romanization)


翔陽

翔(しょう)陽(よう) • (Shōyō)


にょいりん

如意輪: Cintāmaṇicakra, a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva


如意輪観音

如(にょ)意(い)輪(りん)観(かん)音(のん) • (Nyoirin Kannon) ^(←によいりんくわんおん (Nyoirinkwan'on)?)

如意輪観音 (canonical)
Nyoirin Kannon (romanization)
Nyoirinkwan'on (romanization)
によいりんくわんおん (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟o̞iɾʲiŋ kã̠nːõ̞ɴ]

Translation of Sanskrit चिन्तामणिचक्र (cintāmaṇicakra)
Equivalent to 如意(にょい) (nyoi, “as one's wishes”) + 輪(りん) (rin, “circle, ring, wheel”) + 観音(かんのん) (Kannon, “Kannon, Guanyin”).

der

चिन्तामणिचक्र

ja-compound

Cintāmaṇicakra, a manifestation of Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva


にょいほうじゅ

ja-pos

にょいほうじゅ • (Nyoi Hōju)

如意宝珠: the Cintamani stone, a wish-fulfilling jewel


如意宝珠

如意宝珠 (canonical)
Nyoi Hōju (romanization)

[ɲ̟o̞i ho̞ːʑɨ]

Translation of Sanskrit चिन्तामणि (cintāmaṇi).
From 如意 (nyoi, “as one's wishes”) + 宝珠 (hōju, “gem, jewel”).

com

(Buddhism, Hinduism) the Cintamani stone, a wish-fulfilling jewel


隣組

隣組 (canonical)
Tonarigumi (romanization)

→ Indonesian: tonarigumi

→ Indonesian: rukun tetangga (calque)

Compound of 隣(となり) (tonari, “neighbor, neighbour”) + 組(くみ) (kumi, “group”).
The kumi changes to gumi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

1940, “Tonari Gumi”, Okamoto Ippei (lyrics), Nobuo Iida (music), performed by Tamaki Tokuyama

a Shōwa period song, describing the day-to-day activities of such an association:


直葉

直葉 (canonical)
Naoyo (romanization)
Nafoyo (romanization)
なほよ (hiragana historical)


樫羽

樫羽 (canonical)
Kashiwa (romanization)
Kasifa (romanization)
かしは (hiragana historical)


波平

Compound of 波 (nami, “wave”) + 平 (hei, “flat”, the on'yomi).


波平

From 波 (nami, “wave”) + 平 (hira, “something flat”, the kun'yomi).


波平

ja-pos

波(なみ)平(だいら) • (Namidaira) ^(←なめだひら (Namedafira)?)

波平 (canonical)
Namidaira (romanization)
Namedafira (romanization)
なめだひら (hiragana historical)

From 波 (nami, “wave”) + 平ら (taira, “flat”). The taira changes to daira as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


加特力

加特力 (canonical)
Katorikku (romanization)

カトリック カトリック#Japanese

(rare, historical) alternative spelling of カトリック


東温

Tōon (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


なつめ

なつめ (canonical)
ナツメ (canonical)
Natsume (romanization)

なつ芽, 夏愛, 夏芽, 夏雅, 夏女, 夏梅, 夏萌, 夏明: a female given name

夏目, 夏眸, 菜津女, 菜摘芽, 七月芽, 奈つめ, 奈津愛, 奈津芽: a female given name

奈津女, 奈都召, 奈都目, 那月女, 那津芽, 納女, 棘, 棗: a female given name


築地

築地 (canonical)
Tsukiji (romanization)
Tukidi (romanization)
つきぢ (hiragana historical)


ピエモンテ

From Italian Piemonte. Doublet of ピードモント (Pīdomonto).

administrative region
administrative region

Piedmont (an administrative region in the north of Italy)


ピードモント

From English Piedmont. Doublet of ピエモンテ (Piemonte).

Piedmont (a geographic region and plateau of the eastern United States, between the Appalachian mountains and the coastal plain, extending from eastern Alabama to northern New Jersey)

Piedmont (a small city in Calhoun County and Cherokee County, Alabama, United States)

Piedmont (a city in Alameda County, California, United States)

Piedmont (a small city in Wayne County, Missouri, United States)

Kingfisher County
Kingfisher County#English

Piedmont (a city in Canadian County and Kingfisher County, Oklahoma, United States)

census-designated place
census-designated place

Greenville County
Greenville County#English

Piedmont (a census-designated place in Anderson County and Greenville County, South Carolina, United States)

Piedmont (a small city in Meade County, South Dakota, United States)

Piedmont (a small town in Mineral County, West Virginia, United States)

Les Pays-d'en-Haut
Les Pays-d'en-Haut#English

Piedmont (a small municipality of Les Pays-d'en-Haut Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada)


中つ国

中つ国 (canonical)
Nakatsukuni (romanization)


リーボック

[ɾʲiːbo̞k̚kɯ̟]


アストロターフ

[a̠sɨto̞ɾo̞ta̠ːɸɯ̟]


小雀

From 小 (ko, “small”) + 雀 (suzume, “sparrow”).

Kosuzume (a town in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan)


ルクソール

[ɾɯ̟kɯ̟̊so̞ːɾɯ̟]


浩三

浩(こう)三(ぞう) or 浩(ひろ)三(み) • (Kōzō or Hiromi)

浩三 (canonical)
浩三 (canonical)
Kōzō (romanization)
Hiromi (romanization)


淳矢

淳(じゅん)矢(や) or 淳(あつ)矢(や) • (Jun'ya or Atsuya)

淳矢 (canonical)
淳矢 (canonical)
Jun'ya (romanization)
Atsuya (romanization)


明允

明(あき)允(なり) or 明允(あきのぶ) or 明允(あきまさ) or 明允(あきや) • (Akinari or Akinobu or Akimasa or Akiya)

明允 (canonical)
明允 (canonical)
明允 (canonical)
明允 (canonical)
Akinari (romanization)
Akinobu (romanization)
Akimasa (romanization)
Akiya (romanization)


グレイ・カップ

[ɡɯ̟ɾe̞ːka̠p̚pɯ̟]

Canadian Football League
Canadian Football League

(sports) (Canadian football) The Grey Cup (Canadian Football League championship trophy/game)


ビーナス

(Roman mythology) Venus, the Roman goddess


ワンダーウーマン

ワンダーウーマン • (Wandā Ūman)

[β̞ã̠nda̠ː ɯ̟ːmã̠ɴ]


孝經

孝(こう)經(きょう) • (Kōkyō)

Kyūjitai form of 孝経 (“Classic of Filial Piety”)


万葉

万(まん)葉(よう) • (Man'yō) ^(←まんえふ (Man'efu)?)

万葉 (canonical)
Man'yō (romanization)
Man'efu (romanization)
まんえふ (hiragana historical)

/man jepʉ/ → /maɰjeɸu/ → /maɰjeu/ → /maɰjoː/
From Middle Chinese 萬葉 (MC mjonH yep).

short for 万葉集 (Man'yōshū): the “Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves”, an anthology of Old Japanese poetry completed c. 759 CE


万葉

万(まん)葉(にょう) • (Mannyō) ^(←まんえふ (Man'efu)?)

万葉 (canonical)
Mannyō (romanization)
Man'efu (romanization)
まんえふ (hiragana historical)

/man jepʉ/ → /maɰjeɸu/ → /maɲːeɸu/ → /maɲːeu/ → /maɲɲoː/
Shift from man'yō above.
The yō changes to nyō as an instance of renjō (連声).

ja-renjō

(rare) short for 万葉集 (Mannyōshū): the “Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves”, an anthology of Old Japanese poetry completed c. 759 CE


万葉

ja-pos

万葉(かずは) or 万葉(かずよ) or 万葉(まずは) or 万葉(まは) or 万葉(まや) or 万葉(まよ) or 万葉(まよう) or 万葉(まんは) or 万葉(みつよ) • (Kazuha or Kazuyo or Mazuha or Maha or Maya or Mayo or Mayō or Manha or Mitsuyo)

万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
Kazuha (romanization)
Kazuyo (romanization)
Mazuha (romanization)
Maha (romanization)
Maya (romanization)
Mayo (romanization)
Mayō (romanization)
Manha (romanization)
Mitsuyo (romanization)
まよう (hiragana)


万葉

万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
Banba (romanization)
Manba (romanization)


ニーケー

ニーケー • (Nīkē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νίκη (Níkē)


ニケ

alternative form of ニーケー (“Nike”) (Greek goddess of victory)


ウィクトーリア

[β̞ikɯ̟to̞ːɾʲia̠]


興子

ja-pos

興(おき)子(こ) or 興子(おっこ) or 興(きょう)子(こ) • (Okiko or Okko or Kyōko)

興子 (canonical)
興子 (canonical)
興子 (canonical)
Okiko (romanization)
Okko (romanization)
Kyōko (romanization)


井伊

井伊 (canonical)
井伊 (canonical)
Ii (romanization)
Inoi (romanization)


なおまさ

直政, 直正, 直方, 尚将, 尚正, 尚政: a male given name


温允

温(あつ)允(や) or 温允(あつなり) • (Atsuya or Atsunari)

温允 (canonical)
温允 (canonical)
Atsuya (romanization)
Atsunari (romanization)


ジャージーシティ

ジャージーシティ • (Jājī Shiti)


以行

以行 (canonical)
Mochitsura (romanization)


嘉純

嘉(よし)純(ずみ) or 嘉(か)純(すみ) • (Yoshizumi or Kasumi)

嘉純 (canonical)
嘉純 (canonical)
Yoshizumi (romanization)
Kasumi (romanization)


高春

高(こう)春(しゅん) • (Kōshun) ^(←かうしゆん (Kausyun)?)

高春 (canonical)
Kōshun (romanization)
Kausyun (romanization)
かうしゆん (hiragana historical)


蘇我

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *sonka.


特定アジア

特定アジア (canonical)
Tokutei Ajia (romanization)

特定(とくてい) (tokutei, “specific”) + アジア (ajia, “Asia”). Coined by nationalist writer Yoshiko Sakurai.

ja-compound

(2channel slang, derogatory) Tokutei Asia (East Asian countries which have obvious negative views of Japan)


カンジダ

From New Latin Candida, from Latin candida f (adjective).


イエローナイフ

Northwest Territories
Northwest Territories#English

Yellowknife (the capital of and only city in the Northwest Territories, Canada)


イカルイト

From English Iqaluit, from Inuktitut ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ (iqaloit).

Iqaluit (the capital city of Nunavut, Canada)


ポーモーナ

ja-pos

ポーモーナ • (Pōmōna)


ポモナ

From English Pomona or Spanish Pomona, from Latin Pōmōna.

ポーモーナ ポーモーナ#Japanese

alternative form of ポーモーナ (Pōmōna, “Pomona”) (Roman goddess)

Los Angeles County
Los Angeles County#English

Pomona (a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States)


デンバー

デンバー • (Denbā)

Denver (a town in Miami County, Indiana)

Denver (a village in Worth County, Missouri)


ドーバー

ドーバー • (Dōbā)


スプリングフィールド

ja:スプリングフィールド

Springfield (a parish of Essex, England)

Springfield (the capital city of Illinois)

Springfield (a city in Georgia, United States)


トピカ

From English Topeka, from Kansa tó ppí k'é.

Topeka (a city, the capital city of Kansas)


南オーストラリア

南オーストラリア (canonical)
Minami Ōsutoraria (romanization)

Calque of English South Australia, equivalent to 南 (minami, “south”) + オーストラリア (Ōsutoraria, “Australia”)

af

South Australia
South Australia#English:_Q3206

South Australia (a state of Australia, located in the central southern part of the continent; a former British colony until 1901)

ja:南オーストラリア州


フランクフォート

Frankfort (the capital city of Kentucky, United States)

Frankfort (a city in Indiana, United States)


オーガスタ

Augusta (a city in Georgia, United States)

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

Augusta (a town in Western Australia, Australia)


ポートオーガスタ

ja-pos

ポートオーガスタ • (Pōto Ōgasuta)

Port Augusta (a city in South Australia, Australia)


ノースオーガスタ

ノースオーガスタ • (Nōsu Ōgasuta)

Edgefield County
Edgefield County#English

North Augusta (a city in Aiken County and Edgefield County, South Carolina, United States)

ja:ノースオーガスタ (サウスカロライナ州)


アナポリス

Anne Arundel County
Anne Arundel County#English

Annapolis (the capital city of Maryland, United States and the county seat of Anne Arundel County, Maryland)


アナポリス

Anápolis (a municipality of Goiás, Brazil)


セントポール

From English Saint Paul. Doublet of サン゠ポール (San-Pōru), サンパウロ (San Pauro), and サン・パブロ (San Paburo).

doublet

Saint Paul (the capital city of Minnesota)

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

Saint Paul (a parish of Antigua and Barbuda)


サン゠ポール

[sã̠npo̞ːɾɯ̟]

From French Saint-Paul. Doublet of サンパウロ (San Pauro), サン・パブロ (San Paburo), and セントポール (Sento Pōru).

Saint-Paul (in French-speaking territories)


サン・パブロ

From Spanish San Pablo (literally “Saint Paul”). Doublet of サンパウロ (San Pauro), サン゠ポール (San-Paul), and セントポール (Sento Pōru).


サンパブロ

サン・パブロ サン・パブロ#Japanese

alternative spelling of サン・パブロ (“San Pablo”)


ジェファーソンシティ

ja:ジェファーソンシティ (ミズーリ州)


ジェファーソン

ja-pos

ジェファーソン • (Jefāson)

Jefferson (a city in Georgia, United States)


ジェファーソンタウン

ジェファーソンタウン • (Jefāsontaun)

Jeffersontown (a city in Kentucky, United States)

ja:ジェファーソンタウン (ケンタッキー州)


ヘレネー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἑλένη (Helénē)


ヘレネ

alternative form of ヘレネー (Herenē, “Helen”) (the daughter of Zeus and Leda)


ポートリンカーン

ja-pos

ポートリンカーン • (Pōto Rinkān)

Port Lincoln (a city in South Australia, Australia)


カーソンシティ

ja:カーソンシティ (ネバダ州)


カーソン

カーソン • (Kāson)

Carson (a mountain range in California and Nevada)


ノーザンテリトリー

Northern Territory
Northern Territory#English:_Q3235

Northern Territory (a territory covering northern and north-central Australia)

ja:ノーザンテリトリー


トレントン

Trenton (the capital city of New Jersey)

Trenton (a city in Georgia, United States)


鷹司

鷹司 (canonical)
Takatsukasa (romanization)


漢書

[kã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞]

(history) Book of Han (history of the Western Han dynasty finished in 111)


ローリー

ローリー • (Rōrī)

Raleigh (the capital city of North Carolina)


コロンバス

Columbus (a city in Georgia, United States)


オクラホマ

Oklahoma (a state in the central United States, formerly a territory)

ja:オクラホマ (曖昧さ回避)


オクラホマシティ

Oklahoma City (a city, the state capital of Oklahoma, United States)


ハリスバーグ

Harrisburg (a city, the state capital of Pennsylvania)


ピア

From English Pierre, from French Pierre.

Pierre (a city, the state capital of South Dakota, United States)


ナッシュビル

ja:ナッシュビル (曖昧さ回避)

Nashville (the capital city of Tennessee)

Nashville (a city in Georgia, United States)


オースティン

オースティン • (Ōsutin)

ja:オースティン (曖昧さ回避)

Austin (a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois)


ソルトレイクシティ

[so̞ɾɯ̟to̞ ɾe̞ːkɯ̟ ɕitʲi]

Salt Lake City (a city, the state capital of Utah, United States)

ja:ソルトレイクシティ


スリランカ民主社会主義共和国

スリ ランカ みんしゅ しゃかい しゅぎ きょうわこく

スリランカ民(みん)主(しゅ)社(しゃ)会(かい)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Suri Ranka Minshu Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku)

スリランカ民主社会主義共和国 (canonical)

From スリランカ (Suri Ranka, “Sri Lanka”) + 民主社会主義 (minshu shakai shugi, “democratic socialism”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).

af

Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka#English:_Q854

Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (official name of Sri Lanka: an island country in South Asia)


ベトナム社会主義共和国

ja-pos

ベトナム しゃかい しゅぎ きょうわこく

ベトナム社(しゃ)会(かい)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Betonamu Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku)

ベトナム社会主義共和国 (canonical)
Betonamu Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku (romanization)

From ベトナム (Betonamu, “Vietnam”) + 社会主義 (shakai shugi, “socialism”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).

af

Socialist Republic of Vietnam#English:_Q881

Socialist Republic of Vietnam (official name of Vietnam: a country in Southeast Asia)


イタリア共和国

ja-pos

イタリア共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Itaria Kyōwakoku)

イタリア共和国 (canonical)
Itaria Kyōwakoku (romanization)

From イタリア (Itaria, “Italy”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”), calque of Italian Repubblica Italiana.

af

Italian Republic
Italian Republic#English:_Q38

Italian Republic (official name of Italy: a country in Southern Europe)


チャールストン

Charleston (the capital city of West Virginia)


ノースチャールストン

North Charleston
w:North Charleston, South Carolina

North Charleston (a city in South Carolina, United States)

ja:ノースチャールストン (サウスカロライナ州)


サウスチャールストン

ja:サウスチャールストン (ウェストバージニア州)

South Charleston
South Charleston#English

South Charleston (a city in West Virginia)


マディソン

ja:マディソン (曖昧さ回避)

Madison (a city in Georgia, United States)


ブラジル連邦共和国

ja-pos

ブラジル れんぽう きょうわこく

ブラジル連(れん)邦(ぽう)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Burajiru Renpō Kyōwakoku)

ブラジル連邦共和国 (canonical)
Burajiru Renpō Kyōwakoku (romanization)

From ブラジル (Burajiru, “Brazil”) + 連邦 (renpō, “federation”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).

af

Federative Republic of Brazil#English:_Q155

Federative Republic of Brazil (official name of Brazil: a country in South America)


すみれ

菫, 澄玲, 純礼, 純恋, 純鈴, 寿美礼: a female given name


フレズノ

From English Fresno, from Spanish Fresno.

Fresno (a city in Fresno, California, United States)

Fresno (a county of California, United States)


イオーン

ja-pos

イオーン • (Iōn)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn)


文殊

Literary Chinese 文殊 (Wénshū), Sanskrit मञ्जुश्री (mañjuśrī)

文殊菩薩


パラリンピック

[pa̠ɾa̠ɾʲĩmpʲi̥k̚kɯ̟]


ラプンツェル

[ɾa̠pɯ̟̃nt͡se̞ɾɯ̟]


ヘンゼルとグレーテル

ja-pos

^ヘンゼル と ^グレーテル

[hẽ̞nd͡ze̞ɾɯ̟ to̞ ɡɯ̟ɾe̞ːte̞ɾɯ̟]

Calque of German Hänsel und Gretel, equivalent to ヘンゼル (Henzeru, “Hansel”) + と (to, “and”) + グレーテル (Gurēteru, “Gretel”)

af

ja:ヘンゼルとグレーテル


ヘンゼル

[hẽ̞nd͡ze̞ɾɯ̟]


グレーテル

[ɡɯ̟ɾe̞ːte̞ɾɯ̟]


イラン・イスラム共和国

ja-pos

^イラン・^イスラム ^きょうわこく

イラン・イスラム共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Iran Isuramu Kyōwakoku)

イラン・イスラム共和国 (canonical)
Iran Isuramu Kyōwakoku (romanization)

From イラン (“Iran”) + イスラム (Isuramu, “Islamic”) + 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”).

af

Islamic Republic of Iran
Islamic Republic of Iran#English:_Q794

Islamic Republic of Iran (official name of Iran: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


アルジェリア民主人民共和国

ja-pos

アルジェリア みんしゅ じんみん きょうわこく

アルジェリア民(みん)主(しゅ)人(じん)民(みん)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Arujeria Minshu Jinmin Kyōwakoku)

アルジェリア民主人民共和国 (canonical)
Arujeria Minshu Jinmin Kyōwakoku (romanization)

From アルジェリア (Arujeria, “Algeria”) + 民主 (minshu, “democracy”) + 人民共和国 (jinmin kyōwakoku, “people's republic”).

af

People's Democratic Republic of Algeria#English:_Q262

People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (official name of Algeria: a country in North Africa)


アルヘシラス

From Spanish Algeciras, from Arabic الْجَزِيرَة (al-jazīra, literally “the island; the peninsula”).

der

Algeciras (a city and municipality of Cádiz, Andalusia, Spain)


エウローペー

ja-pos

エウローペー • (Eurōpē)

[e̞ɯ̟ɾo̞ːpe̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē). Doublet of ヨーロッパ (Yōroppa, “Europe”).


祝融

(Chinese mythology) Zhurong (a Chinese god of fire and of the south)


先斗町

ja-pos

先(ぽん)斗(と)町(ちょう) • (Ponto-chō) ^(←ぽんとちやう (Pontotyau)?)

先斗町 (canonical)
Ponto-chō (romanization)
Pontotyau (romanization)
ぽんとちやう (hiragana historical)

Ponto is thought to be derived from Portuguese ponta (“(pointed) end, tip”), ponte (“bridge”), or ponto (“dot”).
Sometimes written 首斗町.


浜中

a place name, such as that of Hamanaka town in Hokkaido prefecture


与那国

[jo̞na̠ɡɯ̟ɲ̟i]

Yonaguni (a town and island of Yaeyama district, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan; the westmost inhabited island of Japan)


雲隠れ

雲隠れ (canonical)
Kumogakure (romanization)

[kɯ̟mo̞ɡa̠kɯ̟ɾe̞]

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō) verb 雲隠る (kumogakuru, “to hide or disappear behind the clouds”).
Equivalent to 雲 (kumo, “cloud”) + 隠れ (kakure, stem form of verb 隠れる (kakureru), “to disappear, hide”). The kakure changes to gakure as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

com

stem form of verb <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">隠れる</i> (kakureru), “to disappear, hide”

an unnumbered chapter in The Tale of Genji at the end of 幻 (Maboroshi, chapter 41), where the death of the protagonist Hikaru Genji can be implied


クレーマー

ja-pos

クレーマー • (Kurēmā)

A transliteration of the English surname Kramer


松風

(Japanese fiction) Matsukaze, the eponymous character of the Noh play by Kan'ami Kiyotsugu


哲生

哲(あき)生(お) or 哲(てつ)生(お) or 哲(てっ)生(せい) or 哲生(のりお) • (Akio or Tetsuo or Tessei or Norio)

哲生 (canonical)
哲生 (canonical)
哲生 (canonical)
哲生 (canonical)
Akio (romanization)
Tetsuo (romanization)
Tessei (romanization)
Norio (romanization)


滋世

滋世 (canonical)
Shigetoshi (romanization)


道世

道世 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


みちとし

道利, 道世, 通俊, 義利, 道俊, 通敏, 光千年, 三千年: a male given name


三千年

三千年 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


通敏

通敏 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


通俊

通俊 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


道利

道利 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


光千年

光千年 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


道俊

道俊 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


義利

義利 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


儀介

儀(ぎ)介(すけ) or 儀(よし)介(あき) or 儀介(のりあき) or 儀(のり)介(ゆき) • (Gisuke or Yoshiaki or Noriaki or Noriyuki)

儀介 (canonical)
儀介 (canonical)
儀介 (canonical)
儀介 (canonical)
Gisuke (romanization)
Yoshiaki (romanization)
Noriaki (romanization)
Noriyuki (romanization)


玉皇上帝

玉(ぎょく)皇(こう)上(じょう)帝(てい) • (Gyokukō Jōtei)

玉皇上帝 (canonical)
Gyokukō Jōtei (romanization)


庵野

庵野秀明


ハマル

2009, Takayuki Yoshida, “Ohitsuji-za, Aries”, in Tentai shashin no sekai [World of astrophotography]:

ハマル以外の星は ３等星以下の暗い星ばかりなので、都会からでは星座の形を想像するのは困難です。

Hamaru igai no hoshi wa santōsei ika no kurai hoshi bakari na no de, tokai kara de wa seiza no katachi o sōzō suru no wa konnan desu.

The stars other than Hamal are dim, only around magnitude 3 or below, so it is difficult to make out this constellation in the city.

Hamal, a star in the constellation Aries


優花

優花 (canonical)
優花 (canonical)
Yūka (romanization)
Yuka (romanization)


徳平

徳(とく)平(へい) or 徳(とく)平(べい) • (Tokuhei or Tokubei)

徳平 (canonical)
徳平 (canonical)
Tokuhei (romanization)
Tokubei (romanization)


徳平

徳(とく)平(ひら) or 徳(とく)平(べい) or 徳(とく)平(だいら) or 徳(のり)平(へい) • (Tokuhira or Tokubei or Tokudaira or Norihei)

徳平 (canonical)
徳平 (canonical)
徳平 (canonical)
徳平 (canonical)
Tokuhira (romanization)
Tokubei (romanization)
Tokudaira (romanization)
Norihei (romanization)


倉真

A place name, such as that of Kurawa in Kakegawa city.


滿州

滿(まん)州(しゅう) • (Manshū) ^(←まんしう (Mansiu)?)

滿州 (canonical)
Manshū (romanization)
Mansiu (romanization)
まんしう (hiragana historical)

Manchu (a Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria).


寧子

寧(ねい)子(し) or 寧(やす)子(こ) • (Neishi or Yasuko)

寧子 (canonical)
寧子 (canonical)
Neishi (romanization)
Yasuko (romanization)


遥子

遥(よう)子(こ) or 遥(はる)子(こ) • (Yōko or Haruko)

遥子 (canonical)
遥子 (canonical)
Yōko (romanization)
Haruko (romanization)


唯央

唯央 (canonical)
Io (romanization)
唯央 (canonical)
Tadao (romanization)


卓三郎

卓三郎 (canonical)
Takusaburō (romanization)


黒柳

黒柳 (canonical)
Kuroyanagi (romanization)


あかぼし

Compound of 赤 (aka, “red”) + 星 (hoshi, “star”). Alternatively, compound of 明 (aka, “bright”) + 星 (hoshi, “star”). The hoshi changes to boshi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

赤星: Akaboshi Station on the Yosan Line in Shikokuchūō, Ehime Prefecture

赤星: Mount Akaboshi, roughly 3.4 miles or 5.5 kilometers south of Akaboshi Station

赤星: an 大字 (ōaza, “greater district”) in Kikuchi, Kumamoto Prefecture


陽三

陽(よう)三(ぞう) • (Yōzō)


桐ヶ谷

桐ヶ谷 (canonical)
Kirigayatsu (romanization)

From 桐 (kiri, “paulownia”) + が (ga, ancient genitive particle) + 谷 (yatsu, “valley”, used in placenames in Kamakura and Shimōsa).

com

a valley in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture


桐ヶ谷

From 桐 (kiri, “paulownia”) + が (ga, ancient genitive particle) + 谷 (ya, “valley”, short form of yatsu).

a place name, especially in Nagareyama, Chiba Prefecture


桐ヶ谷

桐ヶ谷 (canonical)
Kirigatani (romanization)

From 桐 (kiri, “paulownia”) + が (ga, ancient genitive particle) + 谷 (tani, “valley”).


じゅげむ

寿限無: a rakugo featuring the eponymous character with a very long name


寿限無

From Jugemu Jugemu, the first name of the titular character with a very long name.
Literally “limitless life”.

寿限無寿限無、五劫のすり切れ、海砂利水魚の水行末、雲行末、風来末、食う寝るところに住むところ、やぶら小路のぶら小路、パイポパイポ、パイポのシューリンガン、シューリンガンのグーリンダイ、グーリンダイのポンポコピーのポンポコナの長久命、長久命の長助

Jugemu Jugemu, Gokō no Surikire, Kaijarisuigyo no Suigyōmatsu, Ungyōmatsu, Fūraimatsu, Kuunerutokoro ni Sumutokoro, Yaburakōji no Burakōji, Paipo Paipo, Paipo no Shūringan, Shūringan no Gūrindai, Gūrindai no Ponpokopī no Ponpokona no Chōkyūmei, Chōkyūmei no Chōsuke

Jugemu Jugemu, rubber of five kalpas, sea-gravel fish-water, where water ends, clouds [and] wind originate, living to eat and sleep, small marlberry-bushy path, of Paipo-paipo, Paipo of Shūringan of Gūrindai of Ponpokopii of Ponpokona of Chōkyūmei of Chōsuke[, bless him for a long time].

a 古典落語 (koten rakugo, “rakugo from the Edo period passed down to the present”)


むつき

一月, 紫春, 睦, 睦葵, 睦喜, 睦希, 睦季: a female given name

睦紀, 睦貴, 睦月, 睦姫, 睦包, 務月, 夢希: a female given name

夢月, 夢津記, 夢津来, 夢都希, 無月, 霧都季: a female given name

陸月, 六月, 六城, 六槻, 眸月, 襁: a female given name


大世

ja-pos

大(たい)世(せい) or 大(おお)世(せい) • (Taisei or Ōsei)

大世 (canonical)
大世 (canonical)
Taisei (romanization)
Ōsei (romanization)


射場

From 射 (i, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 射る (iru), “to shoot (an arrow)”) + 場 (jō, “place, spot”).


射場

ja-pos

射場(いとば) or 射場(うちば) or 射場(しゃば) or 射場(せきば) or 射場(まとば) • (Itoba or Uchiba or Shaba or Sekiba or Matoba)

射場 (canonical)
射場 (canonical)
射場 (canonical)
射場 (canonical)
射場 (canonical)
Itoba (romanization)
Uchiba (romanization)
Shaba (romanization)
Sekiba (romanization)
Matoba (romanization)


カルグーリー

カルグーリー • (Karugūrī)


ベーカーズフィールド

ベーカーズフィールド • (Bēkāzufīrudo)

ja:ベーカーズフィールド


猿渡

猿渡 (canonical)
Saruwatari (romanization)


鴨志田

鴨志田 (canonical)
Kamoshida (romanization)


諾右衛門

諾右衛門 (canonical)
Dakuemon (romanization)


別役

別(べっ)役(ちゃく) or 別(べつ)役(やく) • (Betchaku or Betsuyaku)

別役 (canonical)
別役 (canonical)
Betchaku (romanization)
Betsuyaku (romanization)


小早川

小早川 (canonical)
Kobayakawa (romanization)


藤堂

藤(とう)堂(どう) • (Tōdō)


大涌谷

大涌谷 (canonical)
Ōwakudani (romanization)

[o̞ːβ̞a̠kɯ̟da̠ɲ̟i]

Ōwakudani (volcanic valley in Hakone, Kanagawa, Japan)


戸口

[to̞ɡɯ̟t͡ɕi]


勅使川原

勅(て)使(し)川(が)原(はら) or 勅(て)使(し)川(が)原(わら) • (Teshigahara or Teshigawara) ^(←てしがはら (Tesigafara)?)

勅使川原 (canonical)
勅使川原 (canonical)
Teshigahara (romanization)
Teshigawara (romanization)
Tesigafara (romanization)
てしがはら (hiragana historical)


山嵜

山(やま)嵜(さき) or 山(やま)嵜(ざき) • (Yamasaki or Yamazaki)

山嵜 (canonical)
山嵜 (canonical)
Yamasaki (romanization)
Yamazaki (romanization)


水戸黄門

水(み)戸(と)黄(こう)門(もん) • (Mito Kōmon) ^(←みとくわうもん (Mito Kwaumon)?)

水戸黄門 (canonical)
Mito Kōmon (romanization)
Mito Kwaumon (romanization)
みとくわうもん (hiragana historical)

Compound of 水戸 (Mito, a domain in present-day Ibaraki Prefecture) + 黄門 (kōmon, a rank in equivalence to a “middle councillor” in medieval Japan).

com

(historical) a nickname of Tokugawa Mitsukuni, the second daimyo of Mito Domain


山県

Yamagata (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


古今和歌集

ja-pos

古(こ)今(きん)和(わ)歌(か)集(しゅう) • (Kokin Wakashū) ^(←こきんわかしふ (Kokin Wakasifu)?)

古今和歌集 (canonical)
Kokin Wakashū (romanization)
Kokin Wakasifu (romanization)
こきんわかしふ (hiragana historical)

[ko̞kʲiɰ̃ β̞a̠ka̠ɕɨː]

From 古今 (kokin, “ancient and modern”) + 和歌 (waka, “classical Japanese poem”) + 集 (shū, “collection”).

com

勅撰和歌集 勅撰和歌集#Japanese

the first of the 勅撰和歌集 (chokusen wakashū, “imperial waka anthologies”), compiled in 905-914 CE

Ariwara no Motokata
Fujiwara no Toshiyuki


新勅撰和歌集

ja-pos

しんちょくせん わかしゅう

新(しん)勅(ちょく)撰(せん)和(わ)歌(か)集(しゅう) • (Shinchokusen Wakashū)

新勅撰和歌集 (canonical)
Shinchokusen Wakashū (romanization)

From 新 (shin-, “new”) + 勅撰和歌集 (chokusen wakashū, “poem collection by order of an emperor”).

prefix

the ninth imperial waka anthology, compiled in 1232-35


新古今和歌集

ja-pos

しん こきん わかしゅう

^しん ^こきん ^わかしふ

新(しん)古(こ)今(きん)和(わ)歌(か)集(しゅう) • (Shin Kokin Wakashū) ^(←しんこきんわかしふ (Sin Kokin Wakasifu)?)

新古今和歌集 (canonical)
Kokin Wakashū (Shin)
Sin Kokin Wakasifu (romanization)
しんこきんわかしふ (hiragana historical)

From 新 (shin-, “new”) + 古今和歌集 (Kokin Wakashū, waka anthology compiled in 905 CE).
Literally the “New Collection of Ancient and Modern Poems”.

prefix

waka anthology compiled in 905 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>

勅撰和歌集 勅撰和歌集#Japanese

the eighth of the 勅撰和歌集 (chokusen wakashū, “imperial waka anthologies”), compiled in 1201-05


小倉百人一首

ja-pos

おぐら ひゃくにん いっしゅ

^をぐら ^ひやくにん ^いつしゆ

小(お)倉(ぐら)百(ひゃく)人(にん)一(いっ)首(しゅ) • (Ogura Hyakunin Isshu) ^(←をぐらひやくにんいつしゆ (Wogura Fyakunin Itusyu)?)

小倉百人一首 (canonical)
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (romanization)
Wogura Fyakunin Itusyu (romanization)
をぐらひやくにんいつしゆ (hiragana historical)

From 小倉 (Ogura, a district in Kyoto) + 百人一首 (hyakunin isshu, “one hundred poems by one hundred poets anthology”).

com

the famous of the “one hundred poems by one hundred poets” anthologies, compiled by Fujiwara no Teika in c. 1235, used in the basis of certain card games

Emperor Juntoku
Emperor Tenji
Gosen Wakashū
Princess Shikishi
Shokugosen Wakashū


壱与

Daijirin
Daijisen
Records of the Three Kingdoms
ja:松村明
naming taboo

First attested in the 三国志 (Sangokushi, “Records of the Three Kingdoms”), derived from Literary Chinese 壹與 (OC *qlid laʔ).
The original pronunciation remains uncertain; however due to possibly a naming taboo in ancient China, a variant 臺 (shinjitai 台) is also attested in the historical record, therefore the name can also be read as Toyo. Some sources theorize this as a copying error.

(historical) a semi-legendary queen of 邪馬台国 (Yamatai-koku, “Yamatai”) who, according to tradition, was Himiko's successor


台与

From Literary Chinese 臺與 (OC *dɯː laʔ).
The original pronunciation remains uncertain; however due to possibly a naming taboo in ancient China, a variant 壹 (shinjitai 壱) is also attested in the historical record, therefore the name can also be read as Iyo.


夷守

From Old Japanese.
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), literally "barbarian + protector", first attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).


後撰和歌集

ja-pos

後(ご)撰(せん)和(わ)歌(か)集(しゅう) • (Gosen Wakashū) ^(←ごせんわかしふ (Gosen'wakasifu)?)

後撰和歌集 (canonical)
Gosen Wakashū (romanization)
Gosen'wakasifu (romanization)
ごせんわかしふ (hiragana historical)

From 後 (go, “later”) + 撰 (sen, “collection, compilation”) + 和歌 (waka, “classical Japanese poem”) + 集 (shū, “collection”).

com

勅撰和歌集 勅撰和歌集#Japanese

the second of the 勅撰和歌集 (chokusen wakashū, “imperial waka anthologies”), compiled in c. 951-953 CE


ダ埼玉

ダ埼玉 (canonical)
Dasaitama (romanization)

Saitama (city)
Saitama Prefecture
Tamori

Attested since the 1980s.
Blend of ダサい (dasai, “uncool”) + 埼玉 (Saitama, “Saitama Prefecture”, or the titular capital before 2001), often attributed to Japanese comedian Tamori (Kazuyoshi Morita).

blend

1992, Aiko Sato, Rōhei wa shinazu [Old soldiers don’t die]:

「東京というのはダサイとこだ…ダサイ文化が焼酎を支えている。その源はダ埼玉にある」というようなものだそう

“Tōkyō to iu no wa dasai toko da… dasai bunka ga shōchū o sasaete-iru. Sono minamoto wa Dasaitama ni aru” to iu yō na mono da sō

They say, “Tokyo is a dasai place... dasai culture supports shochu. The fountainhead is in Dasai-tama.”

(slang, derogatory) synonym of 埼玉 (Saitama): Saitama (a prefecture of Japan)

埼玉

2013, Shigenori Yamanaka, Kore de ii no ka? Saitama-ken, page 50:

1988年の開局当時、エフエム埼玉を名乗っていた FM 放送局は、「ダ埼玉のラジオ局」という印象を与えるとでも思ったのか、 2001年に「埼玉」をなくして、もともとの愛称であったヨコ文字 (というかアルファベットだけど) の NACK 5 と名称変更された。

せんきゅうひゃくはちじゅうはち

Senkyūhyakuhachijūhachi-nen no kaikyoku tōji, Efuemu Saitama o nanotte-ita efuemu hōsōkyoku wa,“Dasaitama no rajio kyoku” to iu inshō o ataeru to demo omotta no ka, nisen'ichi-nen ni “Saitama” o nakushite, motomoto no aishō deatta yoko moji (to iu ka arufabetto dake do) no Nakku Faibu to meishō henkō sareta.

When it began broadcasting in 1988 FM Saitama was labeled “Dasai-tama radio station”, but in 2001 when Saitama dropped its kanji spelling the station name was changed to Nack5, originally a nickname, written horizontally (in Latin characters).

(slang, derogatory) synonym of さいたま (Saitama): the titular capital of Saitama Prefecture


小清水

小清水 (canonical)
Koshimizu (romanization)


張替

ja-pos

張(はり)替(がえ) or 張替(はりがい) • (Harigae or Harigai)

張替 (canonical)
張替 (canonical)
Harigae (romanization)
Harigai (romanization)


勝間田

勝間田 (canonical)
Katsumata (romanization)


昔男

昔(むかし)男(おとこ) • (Mukashi Otoko) ^(←むかしをとこ (Mukasiwotoko)?)

昔男 (canonical)
Mukashi Otoko (romanization)
Mukasiwotoko (romanization)
むかしをとこ (hiragana historical)

From the first line of most sections of Ise Monogatari (late 9th century), 昔、男ありけり (Mukashi, otoko arikeri, “Long ago, there lived a (certain) man...”).

Ariwara no Narihira
w:Ariwara no Narihira

(archaic, colloquial) a nickname of Ariwara no Narihira, Heian-period waka poet


ヨハネ黙示録

ヨハネ黙(もく)示(し)録(ろく) • (Yohane Mokushiroku)

ヨハネ黙示録 (canonical)
Yohane Mokushiroku (romanization)

ヨハネの黙示録 ヨハネの黙示録#Japanese

alternative form of ヨハネの黙示録 (Yohane no Mokushiroku, “Apocalypse of John”)


菊の節句

菊の節句 (canonical)
Kikunosekku (romanization)

Double Ninth Festival
Double Ninth Festival

Chrysanthemum Festival (alternate Japanese name for the Double Ninth Festival, September 9th)


渥美

a place name, such as that of Atsumi Peninsula in Aichi prefecture


グレイカップ

グレイ・カップ グレイ・カップ

Canadian Football League
Canadian Football League

(sports) (Canadian football) Alternative spelling of グレイ・カップ (The Grey Cup, Canadian Football League championship trophy/game)