"介す" meaning in Japanese

See 介す in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ka̠isɨ]
Etymology: Shift from suru verb 介(かい)する (kaisuru). Etymology templates: {{ja-r|介する|かいする}} 介(かい)する (kaisuru) Head templates: {{ja-verb|かいす|tr=trans|type=1}} 介(かい)す • (kaisu) transitive godan (stem 介(かい)し (kaishi), past 介(かい)した (kaishita)) Forms: 介す transitive godan [canonical] (ruby: (かい)), kaisu [romanization], 介し [stem] (ruby: (かい)), 介した [past] (ruby: (かい)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 介さ [imperfective], かいさ [imperfective], kaisa [imperfective], 介し [continuative], かいし [continuative], kaishi [continuative], 介す [terminative], かいす [terminative], kaisu [terminative], 介す [attributive], かいす [attributive], kaisu [attributive], 介せ [hypothetical], かいせ [hypothetical], kaise [hypothetical], 介せ [imperative], かいせ [imperative], kaise [imperative], 介される [passive], かいされる [passive], kaisareru [passive], 介させる [causative], 介さす [causative], かいさせる [causative], かいさす [causative], kaisaseru [causative], kaisasu [causative], 介せる [potential], かいせる [potential], kaiseru [potential], 介そう [volitional], かいそう [volitional], kaisō [volitional], 介さない [negative], かいさない [negative], kaisanai [negative], 介さず [continuative, negative], かいさず [continuative, negative], kaisazu [continuative, negative], 介します [formal], かいします [formal], kaishimasu [formal], 介した [perfective], かいした [perfective], kaishita [perfective], 介して [conjunctive], かいして [conjunctive], kaishite [conjunctive], 介せば [conditional, hypothetical], かいせば [conditional, hypothetical], kaiseba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. do something through another, use another as an intermediary
    Sense id: en-介す-ja-verb-esdH2m~e Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -su, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms read with kun'yomi, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō), Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 58 42 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -su: 52 48 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 53 47 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 56 44 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with kun'yomi: 53 47 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 60 40 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 61 39 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 54 46 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 53 47 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 45 55
  2. care, mind
    Sense id: en-介す-ja-verb-HqMjyyhZ Categories (other): Japanese godan verbs ending with -su, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms read with kun'yomi, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -su: 52 48 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 53 47 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms read with kun'yomi: 53 47 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 54 46 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 53 47 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 45 55
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 介する (kaisuru) (ruby: (かい))
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "介する",
        "2": "かいする"
      },
      "expansion": "介(かい)する (kaisuru)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift from suru verb 介(かい)する (kaisuru).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "介す transitive godan",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介し",
      "roman": "kaishi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介した",
      "roman": "kaishita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-verbconj-row",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaise",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaise",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介そう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいそう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiseba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かいす",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "介(かい)す • (kaisu) transitive godan (stem 介(かい)し (kaishi), past 介(かい)した (kaishita))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -su",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "do something through another, use another as an intermediary"
      ],
      "id": "en-介す-ja-verb-esdH2m~e",
      "links": [
        [
          "through",
          "through"
        ],
        [
          "intermediary",
          "intermediary"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -su",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "care, mind"
      ],
      "id": "en-介す-ja-verb-HqMjyyhZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "care",
          "care"
        ],
        [
          "mind",
          "mind"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "かいす"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠isɨ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kaisuru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "介する"
    }
  ],
  "word": "介す"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese godan verbs",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -su",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 介 read as かい",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "介する",
        "2": "かいする"
      },
      "expansion": "介(かい)する (kaisuru)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift from suru verb 介(かい)する (kaisuru).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "介す transitive godan",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介し",
      "roman": "kaishi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介した",
      "roman": "kaishita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-verbconj-row",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaise",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaise",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介そう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいそう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介さず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいさず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaisazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaishite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "介せば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かいせば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiseba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かいす",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "介(かい)す • (kaisu) transitive godan (stem 介(かい)し (kaishi), past 介(かい)した (kaishita))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "do something through another, use another as an intermediary"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "through",
          "through"
        ],
        [
          "intermediary",
          "intermediary"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "care, mind"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "care",
          "care"
        ],
        [
          "mind",
          "mind"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "かいす"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠isɨ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kaisuru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "介",
          "かい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "介する"
    }
  ],
  "word": "介す"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 介す meaning in Japanese (5.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.