See べし in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-beshi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-adjdecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "べから",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べし",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "beshi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "べき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べきじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "beki ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "べきだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "beki desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "べきではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "beki de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "べきでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "べくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bekute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "べきだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "beki dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "べければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bekereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "べきでしょう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "beki darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "beki deshō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べから",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べし",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "besi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "べき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べからず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "bekarazu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "べけれど",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "bekeredo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "べければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "bekereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "べくば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "bekuba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "べかりき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bekariki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べかりけり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bekarikeri",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "べし • (-beshi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "べ",
"2": "adj-ku"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "まじ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some of the local railways will soon be abolished.",
"roman": "Chihō rosen no ikutsuka wa yagate haishisarerubeki unmei ni aru.",
"ruby": [
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"方",
"ほう"
],
[
"路",
"ろ"
],
[
"線",
"せん"
],
[
"廃",
"はい"
],
[
"止",
"し"
],
[
"運",
"うん"
],
[
"命",
"めい"
]
],
"text": "地方路線のいくつかはやがて廃止されるべき運命にある。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"must, shall",
"indicating certainty"
],
"id": "en-べし-ja-suffix--D7zk09O",
"links": [
[
"must",
"must"
],
[
"shall",
"shall"
]
],
"qualifier": "attaching to terminal form",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attaching to terminal form) must, shall",
"indicating certainty"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "まじ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You should take responsibility on this.",
"roman": "Kono ken ni tsuite wa kimi ga sekinin o torubeki da.",
"ruby": [
[
"件",
"けん"
],
[
"君",
"きみ"
],
[
"責",
"せき"
],
[
"任",
"にん"
]
],
"text": "この件については君が責任をとるべきだ。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You should work until eight o'clock tomorrow.",
"roman": "Ashita wa hachiji made ni shukkin-subeshi.",
"ruby": [
[
"明日",
"あした"
],
[
"八",
"はち"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"出",
"しゅっ"
],
[
"勤",
"きん"
]
],
"text": "明日は八時までに出勤すべし。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You should read English aloud.",
"roman": "Eigo wa koe o dashite yomu beki da.",
"ruby": [
[
"英",
"えい"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
],
[
"出",
"だ"
],
[
"読",
"よ"
]
],
"text": "英語は声を出して読むべきだ。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "In order to hold the exhibition in time next year, hasty construction is underway.",
"roman": "Rainen no hakurankai kaisai ni ma ni awaseru beku, tokkan kōji ga okonawareteiru.",
"ruby": [
[
"来",
"らい"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
],
[
"博",
"はく"
],
[
"覧",
"らん"
],
[
"会",
"かい"
],
[
"開",
"かい"
],
[
"催",
"さい"
],
[
"間",
"ま"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
],
[
"突",
"とっ"
],
[
"貫",
"かん"
],
[
"工",
"こう"
],
[
"事",
"じ"
],
[
"行",
"おこな"
]
],
"text": "来年の博覧会開催に間に合わせるべく、突貫工事が行われている。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"must, shall",
"indicating requirement"
],
"id": "en-べし-ja-suffix-L2nKIX48",
"links": [
[
"must",
"must"
],
[
"shall",
"shall"
]
],
"qualifier": "attaching to terminal form",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attaching to terminal form) must, shall",
"indicating requirement"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[be̞ɕi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "べし"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-beshi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-adjdecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "べから",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べし",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "beshi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "べき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べきじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "beki ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "べきだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "beki desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "べきではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "beki de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "べきでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beki de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "べくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bekute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "べきだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "beki dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "べければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bekereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べきだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "べきでしょう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "beki darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "beki deshō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べから",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べし",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "besi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "べき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "beki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "bekare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "べからず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "bekarazu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "べけれど",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "bekeredo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "べければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "bekereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "べくば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "bekuba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "べかりき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bekariki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べかりけり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bekarikeri",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "べく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "beku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "べし • (-beshi)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "べ",
"2": "adj-ku"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "まじ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some of the local railways will soon be abolished.",
"roman": "Chihō rosen no ikutsuka wa yagate haishisarerubeki unmei ni aru.",
"ruby": [
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"方",
"ほう"
],
[
"路",
"ろ"
],
[
"線",
"せん"
],
[
"廃",
"はい"
],
[
"止",
"し"
],
[
"運",
"うん"
],
[
"命",
"めい"
]
],
"text": "地方路線のいくつかはやがて廃止されるべき運命にある。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"must, shall",
"indicating certainty"
],
"links": [
[
"must",
"must"
],
[
"shall",
"shall"
]
],
"qualifier": "attaching to terminal form",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attaching to terminal form) must, shall",
"indicating certainty"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "まじ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You should take responsibility on this.",
"roman": "Kono ken ni tsuite wa kimi ga sekinin o torubeki da.",
"ruby": [
[
"件",
"けん"
],
[
"君",
"きみ"
],
[
"責",
"せき"
],
[
"任",
"にん"
]
],
"text": "この件については君が責任をとるべきだ。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You should work until eight o'clock tomorrow.",
"roman": "Ashita wa hachiji made ni shukkin-subeshi.",
"ruby": [
[
"明日",
"あした"
],
[
"八",
"はち"
],
[
"時",
"じ"
],
[
"出",
"しゅっ"
],
[
"勤",
"きん"
]
],
"text": "明日は八時までに出勤すべし。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You should read English aloud.",
"roman": "Eigo wa koe o dashite yomu beki da.",
"ruby": [
[
"英",
"えい"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
],
[
"出",
"だ"
],
[
"読",
"よ"
]
],
"text": "英語は声を出して読むべきだ。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "In order to hold the exhibition in time next year, hasty construction is underway.",
"roman": "Rainen no hakurankai kaisai ni ma ni awaseru beku, tokkan kōji ga okonawareteiru.",
"ruby": [
[
"来",
"らい"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
],
[
"博",
"はく"
],
[
"覧",
"らん"
],
[
"会",
"かい"
],
[
"開",
"かい"
],
[
"催",
"さい"
],
[
"間",
"ま"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
],
[
"突",
"とっ"
],
[
"貫",
"かん"
],
[
"工",
"こう"
],
[
"事",
"じ"
],
[
"行",
"おこな"
]
],
"text": "来年の博覧会開催に間に合わせるべく、突貫工事が行われている。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"must, shall",
"indicating requirement"
],
"links": [
[
"must",
"must"
],
[
"shall",
"shall"
]
],
"qualifier": "attaching to terminal form",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attaching to terminal form) must, shall",
"indicating requirement"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[be̞ɕi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "べし"
}
Download raw JSONL data for べし meaning in Japanese (9.5kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Imperfective (未然形)",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Continuative (連用形)",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Terminal (終止形)",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Attributive (連体形)",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Hypothetical (仮定形)",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Imperative (命令形)",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Key constructions",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Informal negative",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Informal past",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Informal negative past",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Formal",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Formal negative",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Formal past",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Formal negative past",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Conjunctive",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Conditional",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Provisional",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Volitional",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Adverbial",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Degree",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2530",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: ^([1])Without auxiliary verb. ^([2])With auxiliary verb., style: text-align:left;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"べし"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "べし",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.