兄

From Old Japanese of unclear derivation:
* Probably originally a compound of 吾 (a, Eastern Old Japanese first-person pronoun) + の (no, possessive particle) + 兄 (ye → e, “eldest sibling”, see below):
*: ⟨a no₂ ye⟩ → */anʉʲɨe/ → /ani/
* Alternatively, an apophonic form of 姉 (ane, “elder sister”), itself possibly from the same derivation above.
* Several other theories have also been suggested.


兄

加都賀都母伊夜佐岐陀弖流延袁斯麻加牟

伊夜佐岐陀弖流 いやさきだてる

katsugatsu mo iya sakidateru e o shi makamu

If I have to choose, the one standing there in front―the eldest one I'll wed.


兄

From Old Japanese.
Originally a compound of 子 (ko, “child”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 上 (kami, “upper”).

(archaic) (by extension) an elder sibling


妹

⟨imo₁⟩ → */imʷo/ → /imo/
From Old Japanese 妹 (imo₁). First cited in the Kojiki of 712.
Speculatively, may be related to terms such as 女 (me₁, womi₁na, “woman”), 嫗 (omi₁na, “elderly woman”), and 母 (omo, “mother”), wherein the medial /-m-/ appears to signify woman, female. However, the difference in vowel values presents a difficulty.

(archaic, said from a male speaker) a close female companion

one's sister regardless of age difference

かりごもの思ひ乱れて我恋ふといも知るらめや人し告げずは

karigomo no omoimidarete ware kou to imo shirurame ya hito shi tsugezu wa

one's lover or sweetheart who is the subject of marriage or is already married

(archaic, said from a female speaker) a close female companion


妹

妹 (canonical)
imōto (romanization)
いもっ (alternative hiragana)
imo' (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)

Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
The Tales of Ise

/imo ɸito/ → /imowito/ → */imowuto/ → /imoːto/
Originally a compound of 妹 (imo, “sister, close female companion”) + 人 (hito, “person”). First cited in The Tales of Ise of the early 900s.
This is an instance of ウ音便 (u onbin, “u sound shift”), found in terms with bilabial consonants (/m/, /b/, /w/) followed by i; commonly seen in terms such as 玄人 (kurōto, “professional”), 素人 (shirōto, “amateur”), or possibly, 相撲 (sumō, “sumo”).

com

the wife of one's younger brother; one's sister-in-law

(archaic, said from a male speaker) one's sister regardless of age difference


妻

From 端 (tsuma, “side, edge”), indicating the person who is at the side of someone: a spouse. Compare the English expression better half.
This term originally referred to either a male (husband) or female (wife) spouse. In modern usage, this term refers only to a female spouse.


姉

From Old Japanese of unclear derivation:
* Probably originally a compound of 吾 (a, Eastern Old Japanese first-person pronoun) + の (no, possessive particle) + 兄 (ye → e, “eldest sibling”):
*: ⟨a no₂ ye⟩ → */anʉʲɨe/ → /ane/
This word is an apophonic form of 兄 (ani, “elder brother”).
* Several other theories have also been suggested.


姑

/sihi₁to₂me₁/: [shipitwome] → [shiɸitwome] → [shiɸitome]. Compound of 舅 (shihito, “in law”) and 女 (me, “woman”). See next entry.


姑

ja-noun

姑(しゅうとめ) • (shūtome) ^(←しうとめ (siutome)?)

姑 (canonical)
shūtome (romanization)
siutome (romanization)
しうとめ (hiragana historical)

From shihitome: [shipitwome] → [shiɸitwome] → [shiɸitome] → [shiɸutome] → [shiwutome] → [shiutome] → [shuːtome].


姑

姑 (canonical)
shūto (romanization)
siuto (romanization)
しうと (hiragana historical)


姪

姪 (canonical)
mei (romanization)
mefi (romanization)
めひ (hiragana historical)

Early Middle Japanese
Early Modern Japanese
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Ryūnoshūge

From Old Japanese; attested in the Ryūnoshūge (738) as 売比 ⟨me₁ pi₁⟩.
* ⟨me₁ pi₁⟩ → /mefi/ → /mei/
The initial me- has been frequently associated with 女 (me, “female”).


娘

1996 February 20 [1988 February 15], Mitsuru Adachi, “テイク・オフ (Teiku Ofu, “Take Off”)”, in ショートプログラム (漫(まん)画(が)) (Shōto Puroguramu (manga), “Short Program (manga)”), 25th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 107:

自分で自分の行動に条件をつけちゃうんだよ、この娘—— 例えば、毎年初雪が降るまでモチは食わないとか、霊柩車が通るまで道を渡らないとか、ネコがあくびするまでコタツを出ないとか。

Jibun de jibun no kōdō ni jōken o tsukechaun da yo, kono ko—— Tatoeba, maitoshi hatsuyuki ga furu made mochi wa kuwanai toka, reikyūsha ga tōru made michi o wataranai toka, neko ga akubisuru made kotatsu o denai toka.

This girl, I’m telling you, she sets terms for every of her own actions— Like, not eating mochi until the first snowfall of each year, not crossing the street until the hearse passes by, or not leaving the kotatsu until her cat yawns.


嫁

There are several theories, all of which analyse it as よ (yo) + 女(め) (me, “woman, female”). However, よ (yo) may be one of the following:
* 呼 (“to call out, invite”, in reference to welcoming the daughter-in-law as the son’s wife)
* 弱 (“weak”, in reference to the inferior position relative to the mother-in-law)
* 夜 (“night”, in reference to serving the husband at night)
* 良 (“good”)
* 吉 (“good luck”)

1984 February 20 [1982 September 15], Motoka Murakami, “父(と)っちゃより大(おお)きくの巻(まき) [Ah’ll Be Taller than Pa]”, in 六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん) [Musashi’s Sword], 6th edition, volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 62:

もなみを……六三四くんのお嫁さんさしてね〰〰‼

Monami o…… Musashi-kun no o-yome-san sa shite ne~~‼

もなみを……六三四くんのお嫁さんさしてね〰〰‼

もなみを……六三四くんのお嫁さんさしてね〰〰‼


孫

Fourth grade kyōiku kanji (romanization)


孫

(rare) descendant (usually of a certain generation)


家

家 (canonical)
ie (romanization)
ife (romanization)
いへ (hiragana historical)

⟨ipe₁⟩ → /ipʲe/ → /iɸe/ → /iwe/ → /ie/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ipia. Possibly cognate with Old Korean 邑勒 (iprʌk, “house”).
Possibly related to 廬 (iho → io, “temporary hut”).


弟

弟 (canonical)
otōto (romanization)
おとっ (alternative hiragana)
oto' (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)

/otopito/ → /otoɸito/ → /otowito/ → /*otowuto/ → /otouto/ → /otoːto/
Originally a compound of 弟 (oto, “younger sibling”) + 人 (hito, “person”).


母

From Old Japanese. Obsolete and unused in modern Japanese. Appears to be an alteration from amo above.

母調子

the main or thematic key in a piece of 雅楽 (gagaku) music

母家

main residence in a manor; main or central building in a palace; main household in an extended family; main store in a chain

母良

in ancient times, a woman serving at the Ise Grand Shrine

緑児之 為社乳母者 求云 乳飲哉君之 於毛求覧

a woman who breastfeeds and raises a child in place of a parent: a wet nurse


母

Unknown. One theory holds that this is a corrupted and abbreviated form of 御方様 (okatasama), a term to refer to or address someone else's wife (now extremely formal, but much more everyday in the Edo period), possibly influenced by children's speech:
/okatasama/ → /katasama/ → /kakasama/ → /kaka/

Caca. カカ (かか) Faua (母)に同じ. 母. これは子供の言葉である. また、尊敬すべき婦人、あるいは、年長で一家の主婦のような婦人の意に取られる.

1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 71:


父

From Old Japanese 父 (titi), from Proto-Japonic *titi.
Still in modern usage.

父上

honourable father; chichiue, term in respect primarily used in writing

父親

father; chichioya, specifically as someone's parent

近代医学の父

(by extension, figurative) a father figure (male initiator or founder of something)


父

Appears in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.
Originally a shift from chichi or tete in baby talk, used by children to refer to their own father.
Still in modern usage.

(by later extension) a husband, master of the house


父

The “father” and “uncle” affixes is from Middle Chinese 父 (MC bjuX).
The “old man” affix is from Middle Chinese 父 (MC pjuX).


爺

爺 (canonical)
jī (romanization)
dii (romanization)
ぢい (hiragana historical)

（お）爺さん

（お）爺ちゃん


爺

ja-noun

爺(じい) or 爺(じじ) or 爺(じゞ) or 爺(じじい) or 爺(じゞい) • (jī or jiji or jijī) ^(←ぢい (dii) or ぢぢ (didi) or ぢぢい (didii)?)

爺 (canonical)
爺 (canonical)
爺 (canonical)
爺 (canonical)
jī (romanization)
jiji (romanization)
jijī (romanization)
dii (romanization)
didi (romanization)
didii (romanization)
ぢい (hiragana historical)
ぢぢ (hiragana historical)
ぢぢい (hiragana historical)
じじいじゞい (hiragana)

（お）爺ちゃん

1990 June 25 [1990 February 17], George Morikawa, “Round(ラウンド) ５(ファイブ) 1965(せんきゅうひゃく
ろくじゅうこ)年(ねん)のアッパーカット [Round 5: 1965’s Uppercut]”, in はじめの一(いっ)歩(ぽ) THE(ザ) FIGHTING(ファイティング)! [The First Step: The Fighting!], 3rd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 131:

うわぁ すいません

うわぁ すいません


甥

甥 (canonical)
oi (romanization)
wofi (romanization)
をひ (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *wopUi.
Attested in the Ryūnoshūge of 868 with the phonetic spelling 俗備 (⟨wopi₂⟩).


男

男 (canonical)
otoko (romanization)
wotoko (romanization)
をとこ (hiragana historical)

男の目には糸を引け女の目には鈴を張れ

otoko no me ni wa ito o hike onna no me ni wa suzu o hare

⟨woto₂ko₁⟩ → */wotəkʷo/ → /wotoko/ → /otoko/
From Old Japanese.
Derived from おと (oto, “young?”, cognate with Old Japanese 復つ (wotu → otsu, “to become young again”)) + 子 (ko, “child”).
Compare 少女 (otome, “young woman”).

com

cognate with Old Japanese <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ojp">復つ</i> (wotu → otsu, “to become young again”)

男は閾を跨げば七人の敵あり

otoko wa shikii o matageba shichinin no teki ari


男

/dam/ → /damʉ/ → /daɴ/
From Middle Chinese 男 (MC nom).
The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing.

a young man, especially one who reached adulthood


舅

/sihi1to2/: [shipitwo] → [shiɸitwo] → [shiɸito]. See next entry.


舅

舅 (canonical)
shūto (romanization)
siuto (romanization)
しうと (hiragana historical)

From shihito: [shipitwo] → [shiɸitwo] → [shiɸito] → [shiɸuto] → [shiwuto] → [shiuto] → [shuːto].


親

Second grade kyōiku kanji (romanization)

親切

kindness, helpfulness, friendliness; kind, helpful


親

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *əya. Cognate with or derived from Old Japanese verb 老ゆ (oyu, “to become old”, modern 老いる oiru), from the idea of one's elders.
First cited in the Kojiki of 712.

the child doesn't know the parent's heart

親の心子知らず: → the child doesn't know the pain they cause their parents

a parent's bright light is seven bright lights

親の光は七光: → a parent's social standing can be a huge influence on a person as they come into adulthood

1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko Fujio, “世界名作童話第１巻, みにくいアヒルの子 [World’s Renowned Fairy Tales Book 1: The Ugly Duckling]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子・F・不二雄のSF短編; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 112:

ぼくのほんとのおやはだれかしら。

the larger one of several objects of the same kind

(hanafuda, card games, by extension, board games) the dealer, (gambling) the banker


いとこ

⟨ito₁ko₁⟩ → */itʷokʷo/ → /itoko/
Cognate with and by extension of Old Japanese いとこ (ito₁ko₁, “close, familial, or beloved person”). Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *itoko.
First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.


私生子

私生子 (canonical)
shiseishi (romanization)

bastard (person born to unmarried parents)


家族

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 家族 (MC kae dzuwk). However, not attested until 1808, so possibly a borrowing from modern written Chinese 家族 (jiāzú) with the expected Japanese reading applied.

2015 July 27, Åsa Ekström, “第１話 (Daiichiwa)　ようこそ、ここへ (Yōkoso, Koko E) [Chapter 1: Welcome Here]”, in さよならセプテンバー (Sayonara Seputenbā) [Goodbye September], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Creek & River:

ぼくらは幸せな家族になるよぜったい！

Bokura wa shiawase na kazoku ni naru yo zettai!


お姉さん

[o̞ne̞ːsã̠ɴ]

姉:: Used to refer to one's own older sister when talking to someone else

1994 January 20 [1988 December 17], Akira Oze, “第４話 兄の命 [Chapter 4: Brother’s Life]”, in 夏子の酒 [Natsuko’s Saké], 14th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, →ISBN, page 93:

Sister!
Natchan!
Why are you working, sister? You should be resting.
I needed a distraction… Besides, there aren’t enough hands around here.

義姉さん
夏ちゃん
なんで義姉さんが働いてるの？休んでればいいのに
いいのこのほうが気がまぎれるし……手が足りないの

Nē-san
Natchan
Nan de nē-san ga hataraiteru no? Yasundere ba ii no nī
I no kono hō ga ki ga magireru shi…… Te ga tarinai no

(honorific) elder sister: used as term of address to one's own older sister, and to refer to other people's older sisters


お母さん

Min Nan: 卡桑 (khà-sàng) (Taiwanese)

[o̞ka̠ːsã̠ɴ]

お (o-, honorific prefix) + 母 (kā, “mother”) + さん (-san, honorific suffix).
/okakasama/ → /okkasama/ → /okaːsama/
/okakasan/ → /okkasama/ → /okaːsan/
Attested in Osaka and Kyoto, with rare use in Edo (Tokyo), from the late Edo period, especially among upper-middle class households in Osaka.
Usage became widespread in the 20th century after the Ministry of Education adopted お父(とう)さん (otōsan, “father”) and お母(かあ)さん for use in 尋常小学読本 (Jinjō shōgaku dokuhon “Standard elementary school reader”, 1903).


お父さん

Min Nan: 多桑 (tò-sàng) (Taiwanese)

[o̞to̞ːsã̠ɴ]

Originally a compound of 御 (o-, “honorific prefix”) + 父 (toto, “father”) + 様 (-sama, “honorific suffix”).
/ototosama/ → /otottsan/ → /otossan/
The /otossan/ → /otoosan/ progression was artificial; regular Japanese sound changes generally would not allow this shift. The /otoosan/ form first appears in the early Meiji period in educational materials mandated by the 文部省 (Monbushō, “Ministry of Education”).

父

only used to talk about one's own father


子供

子供 (canonical)
kodomo (romanization)
人 (counter)

From Old Japanese, though at the time it was exclusively plural. From 子 (ko, “child”) + 共 (-domo, plural suffix).

suf

2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “第(だい)63(ろくじゅうさん)話(わ) 幼(おさな)い記(き)憶(おく) [Chapter 63: Childish Memories]”, in 東(とう)京(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, page 100:

そうね…まさに目も耳も塞いで怯えた子供

Sō ne… Masa ni me mo mimi mo fusaide obieta kodomo

Yeah… a child who shut her eyes and covered her ears every time she got scared.

そうね…まさに目も耳も塞いで怯えた子供

そうね…まさに目も耳も塞いで怯えた子供

そうね…まさに目も耳も塞いで怯えた子供

そうね…まさに目も耳も塞いで怯えた子供

2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “第(だい)63(ろくじゅうさん)話(わ) 幼(おさな)い記(き)憶(おく) [Chapter 63: Childish Memories]”, in 東(とう)京(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, pages 109–110:

That’s why I could never forget them, the subjects! At the time, we set up medical checks all over the Underground. And we managed to gather ten children that met the original requirements. They helped guide our project to the success we had hoped.

だからこそ私は忘れない被験者の存在を！当時地下世界で広く実施されていたメディカルチェックを基に条件を満たす10人の子供を集めた 彼等は我々の期待に応えプロジェクトを成功に導いた

地下世界 アンダーグラウンド

Dakara koso watashi wa wasurenai hikensha no sonzai o! Tōji Andāguraundo de hiroku jisshi sarete ita medikaru chekku o moto ni jōken o mitasu jū-nin no kodomo o atsumeta Karera wa wareware no kitai ni kotae purojekuto o seikō ni michibiita

2011 August 13, “ベビードラゴン [Baby Dragon]”, in Beginner's Edition 1, Konami:

He’s not just a baby dragon, as his potentials are immeasurable.

こどもドラゴンとあなどってはいけない。うちに秘める力は計り知れない。

Kodomo doragon to anadotte wa ikenai. Uchi ni himeru chikara wa hakarishirenai.


いろ

倚廬: temporary housing in which an emperor resides during the period of mourning following the death of the emperor's father


結婚

結婚する (canonical)
kekkon suru (romanization)
結婚し (stem)
結婚した (past)
結婚し
けっこんし
kekkon shi
結婚する
けっこんする
kekkon suru
結婚すれ
けっこんすれ
kekkon sure
結婚せよ (imperative literary)
結婚しろ (colloquial imperative)
けっこんせよ (imperative literary)
けっこんしろ (colloquial imperative)
kekkon seyo (imperative literary)
kekkon shiro (colloquial imperative)
結婚される (passive)
けっこんされる (passive)
kekkon sareru (passive)
結婚させる (causative)
結婚さす (causative)
けっこんさせる (causative)
けっこんさす (causative)
kekkon saseru (causative)
kekkon sasu (causative)
結婚できる (potential)
けっこんできる (potential)
kekkon dekiru (potential)
結婚しよう (volitional)
けっこんしよう (volitional)
kekkon shiyō (volitional)
結婚しない (negative)
けっこんしない (negative)
kekkon shinai (negative)
結婚せず (continuative negative)
けっこんせず (continuative negative)
kekkon sezu (continuative negative)
結婚します (formal)
けっこんします (formal)
kekkon shimasu (formal)
結婚した (perfective)
けっこんした (perfective)
kekkon shita (perfective)
結婚して (conjunctive)
けっこんして (conjunctive)
kekkon shite (conjunctive)
結婚すれば (conditional hypothetical)
けっこんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kekkon sureba (conditional hypothetical)


兄弟

ja-noun

兄(きょう)弟(だい) • (kyōdai) ^(←きやうだい (kyaudai)?)

兄弟 (canonical)
kyōdai (romanization)
kyaudai (romanization)
けいてい (alternative hiragana)
keitei (Rōmaji)
きやうだい (hiragana historical)

From 兄 (kyō, “elder brother”, Go-on) + 弟 (dai, “younger brother”, Go-on), from Middle Chinese 兄弟.
Alternatively, from 兄 (kei, “elder brother”) (Kan-on) + 弟 (tei, “younger brother”) (Kan-on), from Chinese 兄弟. Compare 兄妹 (keimai, “elder brother and younger sister”), 姉弟 (shitei, “elder sister and younger brother”), and 姉妹 (shimai, “elder and younger sisters”).

af

男兄弟

女兄弟


姉妹

ja-noun

姉妹(きょうだい) • (kyōdai) ^(←きやうだい (kyaudai)?)

姉妹 (canonical)
kyōdai (romanization)
kyaudai (romanization)
きやうだい (hiragana historical)

Rare spelling of 兄弟 (“siblings”, literally “brothers”). (sisters)


祖父

From Middle Chinese 祖父 (MC tsuX bjuX). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.


叔母

叔母 (canonical)
oba (romanization)
woba (romanization)
をば (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese. Attested in a text from 701. In turn, reconstructed as descending from Proto-Japonic *wonpa.
Likely a compound of 小 (o-, “small, young”) + 母 (ha, “mother”). Compare 叔父 (oji, “uncle”), also likely from 小 (o-) + 父 (chi, “father”).


伯母

From 小 (o, “little”) + 母 (ha, “mother”). The kanji is jukujikun (熟字訓). Compare 小母 (oba).

an aunt (parent’s sister or sister-in-law) older than one's parent


伯母

From Chinese 伯母 (bómǔ, “paternal aunt”).

an aunt (a parent’s sister or sister-in-law)


奥さん

[o̞kɯ̟̊sã̠ɴ]

From 奥様(おくさま) (okusama); equivalent to 奥(おく) (oku) + さん (san).

(honorific) wife (referring to someone else's wife, not one's own)


お婆さん

→ Hokkien: 歐巴桑 /欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng)

→ Mandarin: OBS (ōubāsāng)

→ Mandarin: 歐巴桑 /欧巴桑 (ōubāsāng)


配偶者

[ha̠iɡɯ̟ːɕa̠]


夫妻

山田夫妻は来月帰国します

Mr. and Mrs. Yamada will come home next month

a married couple, husband and wife, Mr. and Mrs.


従兄弟

[d͡ʑɨːke̞ːte̞ː]

From 従 (jū-, “secondary”) + 兄弟 (keitei, “brothers”).


従姉妹

From 従 (jū-, “secondary”) + 姉妹 (shimai, “sisters”).


外祖母

ja-noun

外(がい)祖(そ)母(ぼ) • (gaisobo) ^(←ぐわいそぼ (gwaisobo)?)

外祖母 (canonical)
gaisobo (romanization)
gwaisobo (romanization)
ぐわいそぼ (hiragana historical)

maternal grandmother
maternal grandmother

(rare) maternal grandmother, mother's mother


高祖母

高(こう)祖(そ)母(ぼ) • (kōsobo) ^(←かうそぼ (kausobo)?)

高祖母 (canonical)
kōsobo (romanization)
kausobo (romanization)
かうそぼ (hiragana historical)
かうそぼ (alternative)

great-great-grandmother, a grandparent's grandmother


大祖父

大(おお)祖父(おおじ) • (ōōji) ^(←おほおほぢ (ofoofodi)?)

大祖父 (canonical)
ōōji (romanization)
ofoofodi (romanization)
おほおほぢ (hiragana historical)

曾祖父 尔雅云、曾祖父之父爲曾祖父 和名於保於保知

938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 111:

曾祖伯父

曾祖伯父 おおおおじおじ


家内

Literally ‘inside the house’ from the Sino-Japanese (on'yomi) readings of
家 (か, ka, “house”)
+ 内 (ない, nai, “inside”).


女子

Compound of 女 (me, “woman”) + 子 (ko, “child”).


女子

女(おみな)子(ご) • (ominago) ^(←をみなご (wominago)?)

女子 (canonical)
ominago (romanization)
wominago (romanization)
をみなご (hiragana historical)


女子

女(おんな)子(ご) • (onnago) ^(←をんなご (wonnago)?)

女子 (canonical)
onnago (romanization)
wonnago (romanization)
をんなご (hiragana historical)

wonnago → onnago. From earlier 女子 (ominago).


女子

女子 (canonical)
onago (romanization)
wonago (romanization)
をなご (hiragana historical)

1984 February 15, Motoka Murakami, “歓(かん)迎(げい)会(かい)の〝突(つ)き〞の巻(まき) [A "Tsuki" at the Welcome Party]”, in 六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん) [Musashi’s Sword], volume 13 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 110:

お…おなごじゃあ‼めんごいおなごさおるぞ！


お兄さん

[o̞ɲ̟iːsã̠ɴ]

あなたはお兄さんがいますか。


義兄

brother-in-law (spouse's elder brother or elder sister's husband)


はなよめ

From 花 (hana, “flower”) + 嫁 (yome, “bride”).

花嫁介添人

花嫁介添人 はなよめかいぞえにん

花嫁学校

花嫁学校 はなよめがっこう

写真花嫁

写真花嫁 しゃしんはなよめ


継母

継(けい)母(ぼ) or 継(まま)母(はは) • (keibo or mamahaha)

継母 (canonical)
継母 (canonical)
keibo (romanization)
mamahaha (romanization)


お爺さん

お爺(じい)さん • (ojii-san) ^(←おぢいさん (odiisan)?)

お爺さん (canonical)
ojii-san (romanization)
odiisan (romanization)
おぢいさん (hiragana historical)


息子

Compound of 生(む)す (musu, “to beget”) + 子(こ) (ko, “child”). 息 is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Middle Chinese 息子.

com-ja

1985 December 20, Taeko Watanabe, “第(だい)四(よん)十(じゅう)八(はち)話(わ) 家(か)族(ぞく) Ⅰ(いち) [Chapter 48: Family I]”, in ファミリー！ [Family!], volume 11 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 72:

I came here to LA from Seattle… to look for my son …I am —Jonathan Allen’s father

シアトルからＬＡへは…息子を尋ねてきました…ぼくは———ジョナサン・アレンの父親です

Shiatoru kara koko e wa… musuko o tazunete kimashita …Boku wa ———Jonasan Aren no chichioya desu

1994 November 4 [1993 June 17], Yozaburo Kanari with Sato, Fumiya, “異(い)人(じん)館(かん)村(むら)殺(さつ)人(じん)事(じ)件(けん)⑪(じゅういち) [The Western-Style Village Murder Case #11]”, in 金(きん)田(だ)一(いち)少(しょう)年(ねん)の事(じ)件(けん)簿(ぼ) [Young Kindaichi Case Files], 9th edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 84:

彼は‥‥竜一は私の息子なんだ‼

Kare wa‥‥ Ryūichi wa watashi no musuko na n da‼

2009 January 10, Masami Tsuda, “第(だい)一(いち)話(わ) 石(いし)の薔(ば)薇(ら)と氷(こおり)の桜(さくら) [Chapter 1: Stone Rose and Ice Cherry Blossom]”, in ちょっと江戸まで [Just Going to Edo], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Hakusensha, →ISBN, pages 10–11:

I’ve lived in self-indulgence all my life… It’s by no means a life worth praising… But… there’s still one thing I’ve always been proud of… That’s having you as my son…! Adiós!

儂は好き放題に生きてきた……決してひとに褒められるような人生ではなかった…………が…ただひとつ誇れるものがある…お前を息子に持ったことさ…！アディオス

Washi wa suki hōdai ni ikite kita…… Kesshite hito ni homerareru yō na jinsei de wa nakatta………… ga… tada hitotsu hokoreru mono ga aru… Omae o musuko ni motta koto sa…! Adiosu


曾祖伯父

ja-noun

曾祖伯父(おおおおじおじ) • (ōōjioji) ^(←おほおほぢをぢ (ofoofodiwodi)?)

曾祖伯父 (canonical)
ōōjioji (romanization)
ofoofodiwodi (romanization)
おほおほぢをぢ (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːo̞ːʑio̞ʑi]

From 大祖父(おおおおじ) (ōōji) + 伯父(おじ) (oji).
Historically /ohoohodiwodi/. /h/ was initially realized as [p], and eventually weakened into [ɸ] resulting in *[opoopodiwodi] > [oɸooɸodiwodi]. Intervocalic /h/ [ɸ] regularly weakens leaving [oooodiwodi]. The distinction between /zi/ and /di/ as well as /o/ and /wo/ is lost resulting in /zi/ [d͡ʑi] and [o], respectively, and hence the modern form [oːoːd͡ʑiod͡ʑi].

ja-compound

大祖父(おおおおじ) (ōōji) + 伯父(おじ) (oji)

a brother of one's grandparents; a great uncle; a grand uncle


義父

From Chinese 義父 /义父 (yìfù, “a father by moral principles”).


義母

From Chinese 義母 /义母 (yìmǔ, “adoptive mother”).


胤違い

胤違い (canonical)
tanechigai (romanization)

From 胤 (tane, “paternal blood”) + 違い (chigai, “difference”).


お嬢さん

ja-noun

お嬢(じょう)さん • (ojōsan)

Of お (honorific prefix) + 嬢 (jō, “unmarried woman; daughter”) + さん (honorific suffix)

affix

そこのお嬢さん

excuse me, young lady (said to get her attention)


長子

Compound of 長 (“long; elder”) + 子 (“child”).


許嫁

ja-noun

許嫁(いいなずけ) or 許嫁(いいなづけ) • (iinazuke) ^(←いひなづけ (ifinaduke)?)

許嫁 (canonical)
許嫁 (canonical)
iinazuke (romanization)
ifinaduke (romanization)
いひなづけ (hiragana historical)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:松村明

*/ipinaduke/ → /ifinad͡zuke/ → /iːnazuke/
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of classical verb 言い名付く (iinazuku), modern 言い名付ける (iinazukeru, “to betroth someone, to engage someone to be married, to take someone as a fiancé / fiancée”, literally “to name someone out loud”).
The kanji compound is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 許嫁 /许嫁 (xǔjià).

Alternative spelling of 許婚: (historical) an arranged engagement, wherein both sets of parents promise that their children shall wed; generally arranged while the children are still young


許嫁

許嫁する (canonical)
許嫁する (canonical)
iinazuke suru (romanization)
ifibaduke (romanization)
許嫁し (stem)
許嫁した (past)
許嫁し
いいなずけし
īnazuke shi
許嫁する
いいなずけする
īnazuke suru
許嫁すれ
いいなずけすれ
īnazuke sure
許嫁せよ (imperative literary)
許嫁しろ (colloquial imperative)
いいなずけせよ (imperative literary)
いいなずけしろ (colloquial imperative)
īnazuke seyo (imperative literary)
īnazuke shiro (colloquial imperative)
許嫁される (passive)
いいなずけされる (passive)
īnazuke sareru (passive)
許嫁させる (causative)
許嫁さす (causative)
いいなずけさせる (causative)
いいなずけさす (causative)
īnazuke saseru (causative)
īnazuke sasu (causative)
許嫁できる (potential)
いいなずけできる (potential)
īnazuke dekiru (potential)
許嫁しよう (volitional)
いいなずけしよう (volitional)
īnazuke shiyō (volitional)
許嫁しない (negative)
いいなずけしない (negative)
īnazuke shinai (negative)
許嫁せず (continuative negative)
いいなずけせず (continuative negative)
īnazuke sezu (continuative negative)
許嫁します (formal)
いいなずけします (formal)
īnazuke shimasu (formal)
許嫁した (perfective)
いいなずけした (perfective)
īnazuke shita (perfective)
許嫁して (conjunctive)
いいなずけして (conjunctive)
īnazuke shite (conjunctive)
許嫁すれば (conditional hypothetical)
いいなずけすれば (conditional hypothetical)
īnazuke sureba (conditional hypothetical)

(historical) to arrange an engagement, whereby both sets of parents promise that their children shall wed; generally arranged while the children are still young


許嫁

From Middle Chinese 許嫁 (MC xjoX kaeH, “permitted; betrothed + marriage”).

ltc-l

permission from both sets of parents to marry


許嫁

許嫁する (canonical)
kyoka suru (romanization)
許嫁し (stem)
許嫁した (past)
許嫁し
きょかし
kyoka shi
許嫁する
きょかする
kyoka suru
許嫁すれ
きょかすれ
kyoka sure
許嫁せよ (imperative literary)
許嫁しろ (colloquial imperative)
きょかせよ (imperative literary)
きょかしろ (colloquial imperative)
kyoka seyo (imperative literary)
kyoka shiro (colloquial imperative)
許嫁される (passive)
きょかされる (passive)
kyoka sareru (passive)
許嫁させる (causative)
許嫁さす (causative)
きょかさせる (causative)
きょかさす (causative)
kyoka saseru (causative)
kyoka sasu (causative)
許嫁できる (potential)
きょかできる (potential)
kyoka dekiru (potential)
許嫁しよう (volitional)
きょかしよう (volitional)
kyoka shiyō (volitional)
許嫁しない (negative)
きょかしない (negative)
kyoka shinai (negative)
許嫁せず (continuative negative)
きょかせず (continuative negative)
kyoka sezu (continuative negative)
許嫁します (formal)
きょかします (formal)
kyoka shimasu (formal)
許嫁した (perfective)
きょかした (perfective)
kyoka shita (perfective)
許嫁して (conjunctive)
きょかして (conjunctive)
kyoka shite (conjunctive)
許嫁すれば (conditional hypothetical)
きょかすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kyoka sureba (conditional hypothetical)


子女

子女 (canonical)
shijo (romanization)
sidyo (romanization)
しぢよ (hiragana historical)


兄貴

兄貴 (canonical)
兄貴 (canonical)
aniki (romanization)

そりゃ兄貴だ。

1993 April 16, “夫(ふう)婦(ふ)ゲンカはネコが食(く)う？ [Would a Cat Eat a Marital Dispute?]”, in みかん絵(え)日(にっ)記(き) [Mikan Picture Diary], episode 23, spoken by Tōjirō Kusanagi (Tarako as Mikan Kusanagi and Kenichi Ono), CBC, via TBS:

a big brother (someone who is considered one's senior)


部屋子

Compound of 部屋 (heya, “room”) + 子 (ko, “child”).

a young kabuki apprentice entrusted to a mentor


岳父

(rare, literary) one's wife's father: a man's father-in-law


婚約者

婚約者 (canonical)
kon'yakusha (romanization)

[kõ̞ɰ̃ja̠kɯ̟̊ɕa̠]

From 婚約 (kon'yaku, “marital engagement”) + 者 (-sha, “-er”).


またいとこ

second cousin (grandnephew or grandniece of a grandparent)


ひこ

hiko (romanization)
fiko (romanization)
ひこ (hiragana historical)

⟨pi₁ ko₁⟩ → */pʲikʷo/ → /fiko/ → /hiko/
From Old Japanese.
Originally a compound of 日 (hi, “sun”, prefix or appellation used in reference to the imperial family) + 子 (ko, “child”).

compound

(euphemistic, poetic) a boy, young man; especially:

3rd century: 魏志倭人伝 (page 105-106)
其大官曰卑狗、副曰卑奴母離
The great palace is called peek woah; it is also called peek woah modee.

(historical) a chieftain in ancient Japan

a boy, young man; especially:
a chieftain in ancient Japan


親父

ja-noun

親(おや)父(じ) or 親父(オヤジ) or 親(や)父(じ) or 親父(ヤジ) • (oyaji or yaji) ^(←おやぢ (oyadi) or オヤヂ (oyadi) or やぢ (yadi) or ヤヂ (yadi)?)

親父 (canonical)
親父 (canonical)
親父 (canonical)
親父 (canonical)
oyaji (romanization)
yaji (romanization)
oyadi (romanization)
yadi (romanization)
おやぢ (hiragana historical)
オヤヂ (hiragana historical)
やぢ (hiragana historical)
ヤヂ (hiragana historical)

Perhaps from 親 (oya, “parent”) + 父 (chichi, “father”). The reading appears to be an alteration of an earlier form, oyachichi, perhaps under the influence of 爺 (chichi, jiji, jī, “old man”). The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).

com

2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “第(だい)42話(わ) 父(ちち)と子(こ) [Chapter 42: Father and Son]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, pages 215–216:

Stop it, pops… St…Stop it, please‼ I can’t fight you, pops‼ Why, pops… Why… Why can’t you hear me⁉ It’s me‼ I’m Alle‼ Pops‼

やめろ オヤジ…や…やめてくれよ‼ オヤジと戦えるわけないだろ―――――‼ なんでだよ オヤジ…なんで…なんでわかってくれねぇんだ⁉ オレだよ！アルだ‼ オヤジィ‼

Yamero oyaji… Ya…yamete kure yo‼ Oyaji to tatakaeru wakenai daro―――――‼ Nan de da yo oyaji… Nan de… Nan de wakatte kurenēn da⁉ Ore da yo! Aru da‼ Oyajī‼

2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “第(だい)42話(わ) 父(ちち)と子(こ) [Chapter 42: Father and Son]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 225:

Please wake up… pops… Pops, I… I have… gotten stronger, haven’t I?

目を覚ましてくれよ…オヤジ…オヤジ オレ…オレ…強くなっただろ？

Me o samashitekure yo… Oyaji… Oyaji Ore… Ore… tsuyoku natta daro?


寝取られ

寝取られ (canonical)
netorare (romanization)

→ Korean: 네토라레 (netorare)

→ Chinese: 寢取／寝取

From the passive stem of 寝取(ねと)る (netoru).

2008 July 23, TAGRO, “#05”, in 変ゼミ [Abnormal Physiology Seminar], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 83:

コムギは寝取られ⁽ᴺᵀᴿ⁾フェチなのさ

コムギは寝取られ⁽ᴺᵀᴿ⁾フェチなのさ

cuckoldry: the state of being cheated on by one's own spouse or lover; the state of being subjected to adultery or cheating

NTR

NTR エヌティーアール


寝取る

ja-verb

寝(ね)取(と)る • (netoru) transitive godan (stem 寝(ね)取(と)り (netori), past 寝(ね)取(と)った (netotta))

寝取る (canonical)
netoru (romanization)
寝取り (stem)
寝取った (past)
寝取ら
ねとら
netora
寝取り
ねとり
netori
寝取る
ねとる
netoru
寝取れ
ねとれ
netore
寝取られる (passive)
ねとられる (passive)
netorareru (passive)
寝取らせる (causative)
寝取らす (causative)
ねとらせる (causative)
ねとらす (causative)
netoraseru (causative)
netorasu (causative)
寝取れる (potential)
ねとれる (potential)
netoreru (potential)
寝取ろう (volitional)
ねとろう (volitional)
netorō (volitional)
寝取らない (negative)
ねとらない (negative)
netoranai (negative)
寝取らず (continuative negative)
ねとらず (continuative negative)
netorazu (continuative negative)
寝取ります (formal)
ねとります (formal)
netorimasu (formal)
寝取った (perfective)
ねとった (perfective)
netotta (perfective)
寝取って (conjunctive)
ねとって (conjunctive)
netotte (conjunctive)
寝取れば (conditional hypothetical)
ねとれば (conditional hypothetical)
netoreba (conditional hypothetical)
寝取ら (irrealis stem)
ねとら (irrealis stem)
netora (irrealis)
寝取り (continuative stem)
ねとり (continuative stem)
netori (continuative)
寝取る (stem terminative)
ねとる (stem terminative)
netoru (terminative)
寝取る (attributive stem)
ねとる (attributive stem)
netoru (attributive)
寝取れ (realis stem)
ねとれ (realis stem)
netore (realis)
寝取れ (imperative stem)
ねとれ (imperative stem)
netore (imperative)
寝取らず (negative)
ねとらず (negative)
netorazu (negative)
寝取れど (contrastive)
ねとれど (contrastive)
netoredo (contrastive)
寝取れば (causative)
ねとれば (causative)
netoreba (causative)
寝取らば (conditional)
ねとらば (conditional)
netoraba (conditional)
寝取りき (past)
ねとりき (past)
netoriki (past)
寝取りけり (past)
ねとりけり (past)
netorikeri (past)
寝取りつ (perfect)
ねとりつ (perfect)
netoritu (perfect)
寝取りぬ (perfect)
ねとりぬ (perfect)
netorinu (perfect)
寝取れり (continuative perfect)
寝取りたり (continuative perfect)
ねとれり (continuative perfect)
ねとりたり (continuative perfect)
netoreri (continuative perfect)
netoritari (continuative perfect)
寝取らむ (volitional)
ねとらむ (volitional)
netoramu (volitional)

From 寝 (ne, “sleep”) + 取る (toru, “to steal”).

妻を寝取られた男

a man whose wife has been stolen from him

to have sex with (someone else's spouse or lover); to be in cahoots with (an adulterous, cuckolding or cheating person)


単身赴任

単身赴任 (canonical)
tanshin funin (romanization)

a job transfer that takes an employee away from their family for an extended period of time


単身赴任

単身赴任する (canonical)
tanshin funin suru (romanization)
単身赴任し (stem)
単身赴任した (past)
単身赴任し
たんしんふにんし
tanshin funin shi
単身赴任する
たんしんふにんする
tanshin funin suru
単身赴任すれ
たんしんふにんすれ
tanshin funin sure
単身赴任せよ (imperative literary)
単身赴任しろ (colloquial imperative)
たんしんふにんせよ (imperative literary)
たんしんふにんしろ (colloquial imperative)
tanshin funin seyo (imperative literary)
tanshin funin shiro (colloquial imperative)
単身赴任される (passive)
たんしんふにんされる (passive)
tanshin funin sareru (passive)
単身赴任させる (causative)
単身赴任さす (causative)
たんしんふにんさせる (causative)
たんしんふにんさす (causative)
tanshin funin saseru (causative)
tanshin funin sasu (causative)
単身赴任できる (potential)
たんしんふにんできる (potential)
tanshin funin dekiru (potential)
単身赴任しよう (volitional)
たんしんふにんしよう (volitional)
tanshin funin shiyō (volitional)
単身赴任しない (negative)
たんしんふにんしない (negative)
tanshin funin shinai (negative)
単身赴任せず (continuative negative)
たんしんふにんせず (continuative negative)
tanshin funin sezu (continuative negative)
単身赴任します (formal)
たんしんふにんします (formal)
tanshin funin shimasu (formal)
単身赴任した (perfective)
たんしんふにんした (perfective)
tanshin funin shita (perfective)
単身赴任して (conjunctive)
たんしんふにんして (conjunctive)
tanshin funin shite (conjunctive)
単身赴任すれば (conditional hypothetical)
たんしんふにんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
tanshin funin sureba (conditional hypothetical)

be transferred far away from home, take a post far away from one's family


やもめ

Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
The Tales of Ise

From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of an uncertain element やも (yamo) + 女(め) (me, “woman”). The same element is also found in やもお (yamoo, “widower”, archaic), a compound with 男(お) (o, “man”).
The original sense of “widow” is first attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE, while the sense of “widower” arose later, in the 10th century, and is first recorded in the The Tales of Ise. See also やまめ (yamame), an archaic shift from yamome.


許婚

ja-noun

許婚(いいなずけ) • (iinazuke) ^(←いひなづけ (ifinaduke)?)

許婚 (canonical)
iinazuke (romanization)
ifinaduke (romanization)
いひなづけ (hiragana historical)

*/ipinaduke/ → /ifinad͡zuke/ → /iːnazuke/
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of classical verb 言い名付く (iinazuku), modern 言い名付ける (iinazukeru, “to betroth someone, to engage someone to be married, to take someone as a fiancé / fiancée”, literally “to name someone out loud”).
The kanji compound is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 許婚 /许婚 (xǔhūn).

(historical) an arranged engagement, wherein both sets of parents promise that their children shall wed; generally arranged while the children are still young


許婚

許婚する (canonical)
iinazuke suru (romanization)
ifinaduke (romanization)
許婚し (stem)
許婚した (past)
許婚し
いいなずけし
īnazuke shi
許婚する
いいなずけする
īnazuke suru
許婚すれ
いいなずけすれ
īnazuke sure
許婚せよ (imperative literary)
許婚しろ (colloquial imperative)
いいなずけせよ (imperative literary)
いいなずけしろ (colloquial imperative)
īnazuke seyo (imperative literary)
īnazuke shiro (colloquial imperative)
許婚される (passive)
いいなずけされる (passive)
īnazuke sareru (passive)
許婚させる (causative)
許婚さす (causative)
いいなずけさせる (causative)
いいなずけさす (causative)
īnazuke saseru (causative)
īnazuke sasu (causative)
許婚できる (potential)
いいなずけできる (potential)
īnazuke dekiru (potential)
許婚しよう (volitional)
いいなずけしよう (volitional)
īnazuke shiyō (volitional)
許婚しない (negative)
いいなずけしない (negative)
īnazuke shinai (negative)
許婚せず (continuative negative)
いいなずけせず (continuative negative)
īnazuke sezu (continuative negative)
許婚します (formal)
いいなずけします (formal)
īnazuke shimasu (formal)
許婚した (perfective)
いいなずけした (perfective)
īnazuke shita (perfective)
許婚して (conjunctive)
いいなずけして (conjunctive)
īnazuke shite (conjunctive)
許婚すれば (conditional hypothetical)
いいなずけすれば (conditional hypothetical)
īnazuke sureba (conditional hypothetical)


許婚

From Middle Chinese 許婚 (MC xjoX xwon, “permitted; betrothed + bride; to get married (said of a woman)”).


許婚

許婚する (canonical)
kyokon suru (romanization)
許婚し (stem)
許婚した (past)
許婚し
きょこんし
kyokon shi
許婚する
きょこんする
kyokon suru
許婚すれ
きょこんすれ
kyokon sure
許婚せよ (imperative literary)
許婚しろ (colloquial imperative)
きょこんせよ (imperative literary)
きょこんしろ (colloquial imperative)
kyokon seyo (imperative literary)
kyokon shiro (colloquial imperative)
許婚される (passive)
きょこんされる (passive)
kyokon sareru (passive)
許婚させる (causative)
許婚さす (causative)
きょこんさせる (causative)
きょこんさす (causative)
kyokon saseru (causative)
kyokon sasu (causative)
許婚できる (potential)
きょこんできる (potential)
kyokon dekiru (potential)
許婚しよう (volitional)
きょこんしよう (volitional)
kyokon shiyō (volitional)
許婚しない (negative)
きょこんしない (negative)
kyokon shinai (negative)
許婚せず (continuative negative)
きょこんせず (continuative negative)
kyokon sezu (continuative negative)
許婚します (formal)
きょこんします (formal)
kyokon shimasu (formal)
許婚した (perfective)
きょこんした (perfective)
kyokon shita (perfective)
許婚して (conjunctive)
きょこんして (conjunctive)
kyokon shite (conjunctive)
許婚すれば (conditional hypothetical)
きょこんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kyokon sureba (conditional hypothetical)


次男

ja-pos

次(つぎ)男(お) or 次(つぐ)男(お) • (Tsugio or Tsuguo)

次男 (canonical)
次男 (canonical)
Tsugio (romanization)
Tsuguo (romanization)


内祖母

paternal grandmother
paternal grandmother

(rare) paternal grandmother, father's mother


父ちゃん

父ちゃん (canonical)
tōchan (romanization)
とっちゃん (alternative hiragana)
totchan (Rōmaji)

[to̞ːt͡ɕã̠ɴ]

From 父 (tō, “father”) + ちゃん (-chan, “familiar suffix”).


母ちゃん

From 母 (kā, “mother”) + ちゃん (-chan, “familiar suffix”).


伯母さん

伯母さん (canonical)
obasan (romanization)
wobasan (romanization)
をばさん (hiragana historical)


叔母さん

叔母さん (canonical)
obasan (romanization)
wobasan (romanization)
をばさん (hiragana historical)

an aunt who is younger than one's parent


めとる

ja-verb

めとる • (metoru) godan (stem めとり (metori), past めとった (metotta))

metoru (romanization)
めとり (stem)
めとった (past)
めとら
metora
めとり
metori
めとる
metoru
めとれ
metore
めとられる (passive)
metorareru (passive)
めとらせる (causative)
めとらす (causative)
metoraseru (causative)
metorasu (causative)
めとれる (potential)
metoreru (potential)
めとろう (volitional)
metorō (volitional)
めとらない (negative)
metoranai (negative)
めとらず (continuative negative)
metorazu (continuative negative)
めとります (formal)
metorimasu (formal)
めとった (perfective)
metotta (perfective)
めとって (conjunctive)
metotte (conjunctive)
めとれば (conditional hypothetical)
metoreba (conditional hypothetical)

Compound of 女 (me, “woman”) and 取る (toru, “to take”).


新婚旅行

ja-noun

新(しん)婚(こん)旅(りょ)行(こう) • (shinkon ryokō) ^(←しんこんりよかう (sinkonryokau)?)

新婚旅行 (canonical)
shinkon ryokō (romanization)
sinkonryokau (romanization)
しんこんりよかう (hiragana historical)

[ɕĩŋko̞n̺ ɾʲo̞ko̞ː]

Compound of 新婚 (shinkon, “newlywed”) + 旅行 (ryokō, “trip”).

com

a honeymoon (trip taken by a newlywed married couple)


長男

[t͡ɕo̞ːnã̠ɴ]


長女

Compound of 長 (“long; elder”) + 女 (“woman; female”).

the eldest of all of a family's daughters


母体

Likely a coinage in Japanese of Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 母 (bo, “mother”) + 体 (tai, “body”).
First cited to 1910.

母体血清マーカー

母体死亡率

母体免疫

母体保護法


バージンロード

ja-noun

バージンロード • (bājin rōdo)

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from virgin + road.

pseudo-loan

The aisle from the entrance to the altar that the bride and her father pass through in a church during a wedding.


蜜月

蜜月 (canonical)
mitsugetsu (romanization)

Compound of 蜜 (mitsu, “honey”) + 月 (getsu, “moon, month”), calque of English honeymoon.
First cited to 1903.

compound

a honeymoon (period of time immediately following a marriage)

新婚旅行

新婚旅行 しんこんりょこう


ゴールイン

ゴールインする (canonical)
gōru in suru (romanization)
ゴールインし (stem)
ゴールインした (past)

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from goal + in


良妻賢母

良妻賢母 (canonical)
ryōsaikenbo (romanization)


シングルマザー

[ɕĩŋɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ ma̠za̠ː]

single mother (a woman raising a child on her own)


落とし子

落とし子 (canonical)
otoshigo (romanization)


三男

Compound of 三 (“three”) + 男 (“man; male”).


嫡男

[t͡ɕa̠kɯ̟nã̠ɴ]

By surface analysis, 嫡 (chaku, “legitimate wife”) + 男 (nan, “son”), literally “legitimate wife's son”.

surf

清盛嫡男たるによって、其跡をつぐ。

Kiyomori chakunan taru ni yotte, sono ato o tsugu.

As Kiyomori was the first legitimate son, he inherited that stead.

1330, 平家物語 [The Tale of the Heike / Heike Monogatari]:


外祖父

maternal grandfather
maternal grandfather


王家

王家 (canonical)
ōke (romanization)
wauke (romanization)
わうけ (hiragana historical)


ワイフ

→ English: waifu

Borrowed from English wife.
First cited to a text from 1860.


シスター

Borrowed from English sister.
Compare Korean 시스터 (siseuteo).

(humorous, ironic, colloquial) sister, sis (older or younger)


次女

Compound of 次 (“next”) + 女 (“woman; female”).


ご主人

ご主人 (canonical)
go-shujin (romanization)

(honorific) husband (referring to someone else's husband, not one's own)


老爺

老爺 (canonical)
rōya (romanization)
rauya (romanization)
らうや (hiragana historical)


獨身主義

獨身主義 (canonical)
dokushinshugi (romanization)


孫子

From 孫 (mago, “grandchild”) + 子 (ko, “child”).

af

Synonym of 子孫 (shison, “grandchildren and children; descendants”)


孫息子

孫息子 (canonical)
magomusuko (romanization)

From 孫 (mago, “grandchild”) + 息子 (musuko, “son”, jukujikun (熟字訓)).

jukujikun (<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">熟字訓</i>)


孫娘

孫娘 (canonical)
magomusume (romanization)

From 孫 (mago, “grandchild”) + 娘 (musume, “daughter”).


ハズ

(humble, colloquial) husband, hubby (male partner in marriage)


兄弟姉妹

兄弟姉妹 (canonical)
kyōdai shimai (romanization)
けいてい しまい (alternative hiragana)
keitei shimai (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)

兄弟 (kyōdai; keitei, “brothers”) + 姉妹 (shimai, “sisters”)


新婚

新婚旅行

新婚旅行 しんこんりょこう


フィアンセ

[ɸʲiã̠ɰ̃se̞]

Synonym of 婚約者 (kon'yakusha, “fiancé; fiancée”)


母の日

母の日 (canonical)
haha no hi (romanization)

母 (haha, “mother”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 日 (hi, “day”)


父の日

父の日 (canonical)
chichi no hi (romanization)

父 (chichi, “father”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 日 (hi, “day”)


前夫

one's ex-husband, former husband separated by divorce


姉貴

elder sister (respectful or as a form of endearment)


ウェディングドレス

[β̞e̞dʲĩŋɡɯ̟ do̞ɾe̞sɨ]


プロポーズ

プロポーズする (canonical)
puropōzu suru (romanization)
プロポーズし (stem)
プロポーズした (past)
プロポーズし
puropōzu shi
プロポーズする
puropōzu suru
プロポーズすれ
puropōzu sure
プロポーズせよ (imperative literary)
プロポーズしろ (colloquial imperative)
puropōzu seyo (imperative literary)
puropōzu shiro (colloquial imperative)
プロポーズされる (passive)
puropōzu sareru (passive)
プロポーズさせる (causative)
プロポーズさす (causative)
puropōzu saseru (causative)
puropōzu sasu (causative)
プロポーズできる (potential)
puropōzu dekiru (potential)
プロポーズしよう (volitional)
puropōzu shiyō (volitional)
プロポーズしない (negative)
puropōzu shinai (negative)
プロポーズせず (continuative negative)
puropōzu sezu (continuative negative)
プロポーズします (formal)
puropōzu shimasu (formal)
プロポーズした (perfective)
puropōzu shita (perfective)
プロポーズして (conjunctive)
puropōzu shite (conjunctive)
プロポーズすれば (conditional hypothetical)
puropōzu sureba (conditional hypothetical)

[pɯ̟ɾo̞po̞ːzɨ]

Synonym of 求婚 (kyūkon, “to propose”) (to ask for one's hand in marriage)


鰥夫

鰥夫 (canonical)
kanpu (romanization)
kwanpu (romanization)
くわんぷ (hiragana historical)


妹婿

妹婿 (canonical)
imōto-muko (romanization)


高祖父

[ko̞ːso̞ɸɯ̟]

great-great-grandfather (the father of someone's great-grandparent)


ハネムーン

[ha̠ne̞mɯ̟̃ːɴ]


義姉

義 (gi, “nonconsanguineous relationship”) + 姉 (shi, “elder sister”)

affix

sister-in-law (spouse's elder sister or elder brother's wife)


兄ちゃん

[ã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕã̠ɴ]

Of 兄 (ani, “older brother”) + ちゃん (-chan), with sound shift from ani to an.

近所の兄ちゃん

(familiar, informal) a young man, boy, lad


継父

ja-noun

継(けい)父(ふ) or 継(まま)父(ちち) • (keifu or mamachichi)

継父 (canonical)
継父 (canonical)
keifu (romanization)
mamachichi (romanization)


義弟

brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband)


義妹

義 (gi, “nonconsanguineous relationship”) + 妹 (mai, “younger sister”)

affix

sister-in-law (spouse's younger sister or younger brother's wife)


琴瑟

ja-noun

琴(きん)瑟(しつ) • (kinshitsu) ^(←きんしつ (kinsitu)?)

琴瑟 (canonical)
kinshitsu (romanization)
kinsitu (romanization)
きんしつ (hiragana historical)

[kʲĩɰ̃ɕit͡sɨ]


庶子

非嫡出子

非嫡出子 ひちゃくしゅつし


私生

illegitimacy (being born out of wedlock)


子等

From Old Japanese.
From 子 (ko, “child”) + 等 (-ra, pluralizing and softening suffix).

suf

2016 April 23, “エムラクールの孵(ふ)化(か)者(しゃ) [Emrakul’s Hatcher]”, in エルドラージ覚醒 [Eldrazi Awakening], Wizards of the Coast:

Wordlessly it leads its abhorrent brood.

それは黙ったまま忌まわしき子らを率いる。

Sore wa damatta mama imawashiki kora o hikiiru.


御袋

[o̞ɸɯ̟̊kɯ̟ɾo̞]

御 (o-, honorific prefix) + 袋 (fukuro, “pouch; sack”)

pre

1977, “北国の春”, いではく (lyrics), 遠藤実 (music), performed by 千昌夫:

季節が都会では わからないだろと
届いたおふくろの 小さな包み
あの故郷へ 帰ろかな帰ろかな

kisetsu ga tokai de wa wakaranai daro to
todoita o-fukuro no chīsana tsutsumi
ano furusato e kaero ka na kaero ka na

Mother sent me a little package
figuring that it's hard to tell what season it is in the city
Should I return home? Should I return?


新妻

ja-noun

新(にい)妻(づま) • (nīzuma) ^(←にひづま (nifiduma)?)

新妻 (canonical)
nīzuma (romanization)
nifiduma (romanization)
にひづま (hiragana historical)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru

Compound of 新 (nī, “new”) + 妻 (tsuma, “wife”).
First cited to roughly 1500.


新妻

ja-pos

新(にい)妻(づま) • (Nīzuma) ^(←にひづま (Nifiduma)?)

新妻 (canonical)
Nīzuma (romanization)
Nifiduma (romanization)
にひづま (hiragana historical)


新妻

Probably a reanalysis of 新妻 (nīzuma), applying the expected on'yomi instead.
First cited to 1878.


兄妹

From 兄 (kei, “elder brother”, 漢音 (kan'on)) + 妹 (“younger sister”, 呉音 (goon)), from Middle Chinese 兄妹 (MC xjwaeng mwojH). Compare 兄弟 (kyōdai, “elder brother and younger brother”), 姉弟 (shitei, “elder sister and younger brother”).

af

<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">漢音</i> (kan'on)

<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">呉音</i> (goon)


兄妹

ja-noun

兄(きょう)妹(だい) • (kyōdai) ^(←きやうだい (kyaudai)?)

兄妹 (canonical)
kyōdai (romanization)
kyaudai (romanization)
きやうだい (hiragana historical)

1992 June 15, Mitsuru Adachi, “遠(とお)くて近(ちか)い大(おお)江(え)戸(ど)夢物語(ファンタジー)の巻(まき) [A Near-and-Far Ōedo Fantasy]”, in [虹色](NIJI-IRO)[とうがらし](TOHGARASHI) [Rainbow-Colored Peppers], volume 11 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 181:

You're sure a laid-back one though. Just the other day you were all Shichimi this, Shichimi that.
It can't be helped now that he's my brother.

しかしあなたもずいぶんアッサリした性格ね。いつこの間まで七味七味って騒いでたくせに。
兄妹ではいた仕方あるまい。

Shikashi anata mo zuibun assari shita seikaku ne. Itsu kono aida made Shichimi Shichimi tte sawaideta kuse ni.
Kyōdai de wa ita shikata aru mai.

1996 November 1 [1992 August 17], CLAMP, “嚆(こう)矢(し)Ⅰ(いち) [Overture I]”, in [X](エックス) [X], 25th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kadokawa Shoten, →ISBN, page 15:

Those two are the sibling goal of this town

あの二人は町内自慢の兄妹だよ

Ano futari wa chōnai jiman no kyōdai da yo

Rare spelling of 兄弟 (“siblings”, literally “elder brother and younger brother”).


複婚

[ɸɯ̟̊kɯ̟kõ̞ɴ]

polygamy (the having of a plurality of socially bonded sexual partners at the same time)


一夫一婦制

一夫一婦制 (canonical)
ippuippusei (romanization)

一夫一婦 (ippu ippu, “one husband, one wife”) + 制 (-sei, “system”)


単婚

一夫一婦制 一夫一婦制#Japanese

Synonym of 一夫一婦制 (ippuippusei, “monogamy”)


とつぐ

ja-verb

とつぐ • (totsugu) intransitive godan (stem とつぎ (totsugi), past とついだ (totsuida))

totsugu (romanization)
とつぎ (stem)
とついだ (past)
とつが
totsuga
とつぎ
totsugi
とつぐ
totsugu
とつげ
totsuge
とつがれる (passive)
totsugareru (passive)
とつがせる (causative)
とつがす (causative)
totsugaseru (causative)
totsugasu (causative)
とつげる (potential)
totsugeru (potential)
とつごう (volitional)
totsugō (volitional)
とつがない (negative)
totsuganai (negative)
とつがず (continuative negative)
totsugazu (continuative negative)
とつぎます (formal)
totsugimasu (formal)
とついだ (perfective)
totsuida (perfective)
とついで (conjunctive)
totsuide (conjunctive)
とつげば (conditional hypothetical)
totsugeba (conditional hypothetical)

[to̞t͡sɨɡɯ̟]

(of a woman) to marry into the husband's family


ドメスティックバイオレンス

ja-noun

ドメスティック バイオレンス

ja:ドメスティックバイオレンス


姉弟

姉(きょう)弟(だい) • (kyōdai) ^(←きやうだい (kyaudai)?)

姉弟 (canonical)
kyōdai (romanization)
kyaudai (romanization)
きやうだい (hiragana historical)

早坂姉弟

the Hayasaka siblings (characters in the Buso Renkin manga series)


中間子

中(ちゅう)間(かん)子(こ) or 中(ちゅう)間(かん)子(し) • (chūkanko or chūkanshi)

中間子 (canonical)
中間子 (canonical)
chūkanko (romanization)
chūkanshi (romanization)

[t͡ɕɨːkã̠ŋko̞]

[t͡ɕɨːkã̠ɰ̃ɕi]


余子

any child who is not the direct heir; any other person, someone else


ママ友

Compound of ママ (mama, “mama, mom”) + 友 (tomo, “friend”).

com

会うたびにあれこれ聞いてくるママ友、どうやってかわす？

Au tabi ni are-kore kiite kuru mamatomo, dō yatte kawasu?

What do you do with a mom-friend who asks about this and that every time you meet?

2014, 西東桂子, ママ友おつきあいマナードリル [Manners Drills on How to Get Along with Mom-friends]:

a “mom-friend”: a mother who is friends with another mother due to having children who interact with each other


長兄

ja-noun

長(ちょう)兄(けい) • (chōkei) ^(←ちやうけい (tyaukei)?)

長兄 (canonical)
chōkei (romanization)
tyaukei (romanization)
ちやうけい (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕo̞ːke̞ː]


御主人

husband (referring to someone else's husband, not one's own)


嬶天下

嬶天下 (canonical)
kakādenka (romanization)


おやっどん

(Kagoshima) Synonym of お父さん (o-tō-san, “father; dad”)


おっかん

(Kagoshima) Synonym of お母さん (o-kā-san, “mother; mom; mum”)


内祖父

内(ない) (nai) + 祖父(そふ) (sofu, “grandfather”)

ja-compound

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather


相嫁

co-sister-in-law; one's husband's brother's wife


従兄弟違い

従兄弟違い (canonical)
itoko chigai (romanization)

first cousin once removed
first cousin once removed


一女

Compound of 一 (“one”) + 女 (“woman; female”).


二女

Compound of 二 (“two”) + 女 (“woman; female”).


三女

[sã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞]

Compound of 三 (“three”) + 女 (“woman; female”).


同性婚

[do̞ːse̞ːkõ̞ɴ]

Compound of 同性(どうせい) (dōsei, “same-sex”) + 婚(こん) (kon, clipping for 結(けっ)婚(こん) (kekkon, “marriage”)).


同性婚

同性婚する (canonical)
dōseikon suru (romanization)
同性婚し (stem)
同性婚した (past)
同性婚し
どうせいこんし
dōseikon shi
同性婚する
どうせいこんする
dōseikon suru
同性婚すれ
どうせいこんすれ
dōseikon sure
同性婚せよ (imperative literary)
同性婚しろ (colloquial imperative)
どうせいこんせよ (imperative literary)
どうせいこんしろ (colloquial imperative)
dōseikon seyo (imperative literary)
dōseikon shiro (colloquial imperative)
同性婚される (passive)
どうせいこんされる (passive)
dōseikon sareru (passive)
同性婚させる (causative)
同性婚さす (causative)
どうせいこんさせる (causative)
どうせいこんさす (causative)
dōseikon saseru (causative)
dōseikon sasu (causative)
同性婚できる (potential)
どうせいこんできる (potential)
dōseikon dekiru (potential)
同性婚しよう (volitional)
どうせいこんしよう (volitional)
dōseikon shiyō (volitional)
同性婚しない (negative)
どうせいこんしない (negative)
dōseikon shinai (negative)
同性婚せず (continuative negative)
どうせいこんせず (continuative negative)
dōseikon sezu (continuative negative)
同性婚します (formal)
どうせいこんします (formal)
dōseikon shimasu (formal)
同性婚した (perfective)
どうせいこんした (perfective)
dōseikon shita (perfective)
同性婚して (conjunctive)
どうせいこんして (conjunctive)
dōseikon shite (conjunctive)
同性婚すれば (conditional hypothetical)
どうせいこんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
dōseikon sureba (conditional hypothetical)

[do̞ːse̞ːkõ̞ɴ]


同性結婚

同性結婚する (canonical)
dōsei kekkon suru (romanization)
同性結婚し (stem)
同性結婚した (past)
同性結婚し
どうせいけっこんし
dōsei kekkon shi
同性結婚する
どうせいけっこんする
dōsei kekkon suru
同性結婚すれ
どうせいけっこんすれ
dōsei kekkon sure
同性結婚せよ (imperative literary)
同性結婚しろ (colloquial imperative)
どうせいけっこんせよ (imperative literary)
どうせいけっこんしろ (colloquial imperative)
dōsei kekkon seyo (imperative literary)
dōsei kekkon shiro (colloquial imperative)
同性結婚される (passive)
どうせいけっこんされる (passive)
dōsei kekkon sareru (passive)
同性結婚させる (causative)
同性結婚さす (causative)
どうせいけっこんさせる (causative)
どうせいけっこんさす (causative)
dōsei kekkon saseru (causative)
dōsei kekkon sasu (causative)
同性結婚できる (potential)
どうせいけっこんできる (potential)
dōsei kekkon dekiru (potential)
同性結婚しよう (volitional)
どうせいけっこんしよう (volitional)
dōsei kekkon shiyō (volitional)
同性結婚しない (negative)
どうせいけっこんしない (negative)
dōsei kekkon shinai (negative)
同性結婚せず (continuative negative)
どうせいけっこんせず (continuative negative)
dōsei kekkon sezu (continuative negative)
同性結婚します (formal)
どうせいけっこんします (formal)
dōsei kekkon shimasu (formal)
同性結婚した (perfective)
どうせいけっこんした (perfective)
dōsei kekkon shita (perfective)
同性結婚して (conjunctive)
どうせいけっこんして (conjunctive)
dōsei kekkon shite (conjunctive)
同性結婚すれば (conditional hypothetical)
どうせいけっこんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
dōsei kekkon sureba (conditional hypothetical)

Compound of 同(どう)性(せい) (dōsei, “same-sex”) + 結(けっ)婚(こん) (kekkon, “marriage”).

Synonym of 同性婚する (dōseikon suru, “to get married with seme-sex person”)


婚姻の平等

ja-noun

こんいん の びょうどう

こんいん の びやうどう

婚(こん)姻(いん)の平(びょう)等(どう) • (kon'in no byōdō) ^(←こんいんのびやうどう (kon'in no byaudou)?)

婚姻の平等 (canonical)
kon'in no byōdō (romanization)
kon'in no byaudou (romanization)
こんいんのびやうどう (hiragana historical)

Compound of 婚姻(こんいん) (kon'in, “marriage”) + の (no, “of”) + 平等(びょうどう) (byōdō, “equality”), literally "equality of marriage."


結婚の平等

ja-noun

けっこん の びょうどう

けつこん の びやうどう

結(けっ)婚(こん)の平(びょう)等(どう) • (kekkon no byōdō) ^(←けつこんのびやうどう (ketukon no byaudou)?)

結婚の平等 (canonical)
kekkon no byōdō (romanization)
ketukon no byaudou (romanization)
けつこんのびやうどう (hiragana historical)

Compound of 結婚(けっこん) (kekkon, “marriage”) + の (no, “of”) + 平等(びょうどう) (byōdō, “equality”), literally "equality of marriage."


爺婆

ja-noun

爺(じじ)婆(ばば) • (jijibaba) ^(←ぢぢばば (didibaba)?)

爺婆 (canonical)
jijibaba (romanization)
didibaba (romanization)
ぢぢばば (hiragana historical)


お兄ちゃん

お兄ちゃん (canonical)
onii-chan (romanization)

zh-l

歐尼醬／欧尼酱 (ōuníjiàng)

Chinese: 歐尼醬／欧尼酱 (ōuníjiàng)

[o̞ɲ̟iːt͡ɕã̠ɴ]


継兄

ja-noun

継(まま)兄(あに) or 継(まま)兄(せ) • (mamaani or mamase)

継兄 (canonical)
継兄 (canonical)
mamaani (romanization)
mamase (romanization)


いろせ

From いろ (iro, “kinship through the same mother”) + 兄 (せ, se, “brother”).


いろと

younger sibling born from the same mother


こせがれ

小(こ) (ko, “little”) + 倅(せがれ) (segare, “one's own son”)

ja-compound

(derogatory, familiar) you little bastard, you little brat


めこ

meko (romanization)
めこ (hiragana historical)

From 妻(め) (me) + 子(こ) (ko), probably influenced by Middle Chinese 妻子 (MC tshej tsiX).


妹姑

ja-noun

妹(いも)姑(しゅうとめ) • (imoshūtome) ^(←いもしうとめ (imosiutome)?)

妹姑 (canonical)
imoshūtome (romanization)
imosiutome (romanization)
いもしうとめ (hiragana historical)


親御さん

親御さん (canonical)
oyago-san (romanization)


めいっこ

meikko (romanization)
mefituko (romanization)
めひつこ (hiragana historical)


おいっこ

oikko (romanization)
wofituko (romanization)
をひつこ (hiragana historical)


かくしご

kakushigo (romanization)
kakusigo (romanization)
かくしご (hiragana historical)

From 隠(かく)し (kakushi, “連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 隠(かく)す (kakusu).”) + 子(こ) (ko).


私生児

From Middle Chinese 私生兒 (MC sij sraeng|sraengH nye|ngej).


汝兄

Old Japanese. 汝 (na, variably first- or second-person pronoun: "I" or "you"; here used to mean "I, my") + 兄 (se, “a female's brother”).
First attested in 712.

compound

Coordinate term: 汝妹 (nanimo, “my sister”)

愛我那勢命

大辞林 w:ja:大辞林

(archaic, women's speech) an intimate form of address for a male by a female: "my brother"

Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten


汝妹

Old Japanese. From 汝 (na, variably first- or second-person pronoun: "I" or "you"; here used to mean "I") + の (no, possessive particle) + 妹 (imo, “a male's sister”). The no fused with the imo, likely to avoid hiatus in Old Japanese, which did not allow such vowel-vowel combinations.
First attested in 712.
Note that the usual possessive marker for pronouns was が (ga), as in 汝が (na ga, “thy; thine”) or 我が, 吾が (wa ga, a ga, “my”), as in 我が夫 (wa ga se, “my husband; my beloved man”), 吾妹 (wagimo, “my wife; my beloved woman”), 吾が君 (a ga kimi, “my lord”).

Coordinate term: 汝兄 (nase, “a form of address for a male by a female: "my brother"”)

愛我那邇妹命

大辞林 w:ja:大辞林

(archaic, men's speech) an intimate form of address for a female by a male: "my sister"


妹背

妹 (imo, “sister; wife”) + 背 (se, “brother; husband”). Imo comes first likely to avoid hiatus in Old Japanese.

af

(archaic) Synonym of 夫婦 (fūfu, “married couple”)


一姫二太郎

ja-pos

一(いち)姫(ひめ)二(に)太(た)郎(ろう) • (ichi hime ni tarō) ^(←いちひめにたらう (iti fime ni tarau)?)

一姫二太郎 (canonical)
ichi hime ni tarō (romanization)
iti fime ni tarau (romanization)
いちひめにたらう (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟i ta̠ɾo̞ː]

一 (ichi, “first”) + 姫 (hime, “girl; lady”) + 二 (ni, “second”) + 太郎 (tarō, generic male name; generic name for the eldest son)

af

it'd be auspicious to have a daughter first, then a son


ブラザーコンプレックス

ja-noun

ブラザー コンプレックス

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from brother + complex

pseudo-loan

ふらざあこんぷれっくす'

wasei eigo

ふらざあこんぷれっくす'


シスターコンプレックス

ja-noun

シスター コンプレックス

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from sister + complex. Modeled after ロリータ・コンプレックス (“Lolita complex”).


成田離婚

成田離婚 (canonical)
Narita rikon (romanization)

a divorce on returning from the honeymoon


一夫多妻

一夫多妻 (canonical)
ippu tasai (romanization)

一夫 (ippu, “one husband”) + 多妻 (tasai, “multiple wives”)

af

Coordinate term: 一雄多雌 (ichiyū tashi)

polygyny (plurality of wives at the same time)


一妻多夫

一妻多夫 (canonical)
issai tafu (romanization)

一妻 (“one wife”) + 多夫 (“multiple husbands”)

Coordinate term: 一雌多雄

polyandry (plurality of husbands at the same time)


まんなかっこ

From 真(ま)ん中(なか) (mannaka) + っ子(こ) (-kko).


ご両親

ご両親 (canonical)
go-ryōshin (romanization)

[ɡo̞ɾʲo̞ːɕĩɴ]


ブラザー

Borrowed from English brother.
Compare Korean 브라더 (beuradeo).


兄姫

Old Japanese [Term?], 兄 (“elder brother”) + 姫 (“lady; daughter”)

(archaic) a noblewoman who is elder sister to another one in her family


弟姫

Old Japanese [Term?], 弟 (“younger sibling”) + 姫 (“lady; daughter”)


鬼嫁

cruel wife, termagant wife, wife from hell


としご

toshigo (romanization)
tosigo (romanization)
としご (hiragana historical)

child born to a mother soon after a previous child


男やもめ

ja-noun

男(おとこ)やもめ • (otokoyamome) ^(←をとこやもめ (wotokoyamome)?)

男やもめ (canonical)
otokoyamome (romanization)
wotokoyamome (romanization)
をとこやもめ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 男(おとこ) (otoko, “man”) + やもめ (yamome, “widow; widower”).
First attested in the early 17th century.


年の差婚

年の差婚 (canonical)
toshi-no-sa-kon (romanization)

From 年(とし)の差(さ) (toshi no sa) + 婚(こん) (kon).


おさなづま

ja-noun

おさなづま • (osanazuma) ^(←をさなづま (wosanaduma)?)

osanazuma (romanization)
wosanaduma (romanization)
をさなづま (hiragana historical)

From 幼(おさな) (osana-) + 妻(つま) (tsuma). The tsuma changes to zuma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


児童婚

[d͡ʑido̞ːkõ̞ɴ]


お姉ちゃん

お姉ちゃん (canonical)
onēchan (romanization)

zh-l

歐內醬／欧内酱 (ōunèijiàng)

Chinese: 歐內醬／欧内酱 (ōunèijiàng)

[o̞ne̞ːt͡ɕã̠ɴ]

From お (o-) + 姉 (nē, “elder sister”) + ちゃん (-chan, familiar suffix).

affix

(term of endearment) elder sister, (big) sis

お姉さん: general term for one's elder sister


兄人

ja-noun

兄人(しょうと) or 兄(せ)人(うと) • (shōto or seuto) ^(←せうと (seuto)?)

兄人 (canonical)
兄人 (canonical)
shōto (romanization)
seuto (romanization)
せうと (hiragana historical)

兄 (se, “brother”) + 人 (hito, “person”), formed the same way as 妹 (imōto, “sister”) and 弟 (otōto, “younger sibling”)


御曹司

御(おん)曹(ぞう)司(し) • (onzōshi) ^(←おんざうし (onzausi)?)

御曹司 (canonical)
onzōshi (romanization)
onzausi (romanization)
おんざうし (hiragana historical)

From 御(おん) (on-, honorific prefix) + 曹司(ぞうし) (zōshi, “room”).

ja-compound

会長の御曹司


罰一

ja-noun

罰(ばつ)一(いち) or 罰一(バツイチ) • (batsuichi) ^(←ばついち (batuiti)?)

罰一 (canonical)
罰一 (canonical)
batsuichi (romanization)
batuiti (romanization)
ばついち (hiragana historical)


別居親

別(べっ)居(きょ)親(しん) • (bekkyoshin) ^(←べつきよしん (betukyosin)?)

別居親 (canonical)
bekkyoshin (romanization)
betukyosin (romanization)
べつきよしん (hiragana historical)

[be̞k̚ʲkʲo̞ɕĩɴ]


妻孥

妻孥 (canonical)
saido (romanization)
さいど (hiragana historical)


つまこ

tsumako (romanization)
tumako (romanization)
つまこ (hiragana historical)

From 妻(つま) (tsuma) + 子(こ) (ko), probably influenced by Middle Chinese 妻子 (MC tshej tsiX).


病父

病父 (canonical)
byōfu (romanization)
byaufu (romanization)
びやうふ (hiragana historical)


シングルファーザー

シングルファーザー • (shinguru fāzā)

[ɕĩŋɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ ɸa̠ːza̠ː]


シングルファザー

[ɕĩŋɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ ɸa̠za̠ː]

シングルファーザー シングルファーザー#Japanese


ブライダル

[bɯ̟ɾa̠ida̠ɾɯ̟]

ブライダル産業

(only in compounds) relating to weddings; being bridal


ははかた

hahakata (romanization)
fafakata (romanization)
ははかた (hiragana historical)


ちちかた

ちちかた • (chichikata) ^(←ちちかた (titikata)?)

chichikata (romanization)
titikata (romanization)
ちちかた (hiragana historical)


継子

継子 (canonical)
keishi (romanization)
keisi (romanization)
けいし (hiragana historical)


ままこ

mamako (romanization)
ままこ (hiragana historical)


交婚

交婚する (canonical)
kōkon suru (romanization)
交婚し (stem)
交婚した (past)
交婚し
こうこんし
kōkon shi
交婚する
こうこんする
kōkon suru
交婚すれ
こうこんすれ
kōkon sure
交婚せよ (imperative literary)
交婚しろ (colloquial imperative)
こうこんせよ (imperative literary)
こうこんしろ (colloquial imperative)
kōkon seyo (imperative literary)
kōkon shiro (colloquial imperative)
交婚される (passive)
こうこんされる (passive)
kōkon sareru (passive)
交婚させる (causative)
交婚さす (causative)
こうこんさせる (causative)
こうこんさす (causative)
kōkon saseru (causative)
kōkon sasu (causative)
交婚できる (potential)
こうこんできる (potential)
kōkon dekiru (potential)
交婚しよう (volitional)
こうこんしよう (volitional)
kōkon shiyō (volitional)
交婚しない (negative)
こうこんしない (negative)
kōkon shinai (negative)
交婚せず (continuative negative)
こうこんせず (continuative negative)
kōkon sezu (continuative negative)
交婚します (formal)
こうこんします (formal)
kōkon shimasu (formal)
交婚した (perfective)
こうこんした (perfective)
kōkon shita (perfective)
交婚して (conjunctive)
こうこんして (conjunctive)
kōkon shite (conjunctive)
交婚すれば (conditional hypothetical)
こうこんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
kōkon sureba (conditional hypothetical)


夫婦別姓

夫(ふう)婦(ふ)別(べっ)姓(せい) • (fūfu bessei) ^(←ふうふべつせい (fuufubetusei)?)

夫婦別姓 (canonical)
fūfu bessei (romanization)
fuufubetusei (romanization)
ふうふべつせい (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟ːɸɯ̟ be̞sːe̞ː]

husband and wife retaining different surnames


令夫人

[ɾe̞ːɸɯ̟ʑĩɴ]

(honorific) (someone else's) wife, madam


サムシングフォー

[sa̠mɯ̟ɕĩŋɡɯ̟ ɸo̞ː]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from something + four.

pseudo-loan

"something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue"


ダディ

「なんだってんだよー！ ……ダディ！？」


マミー

ja-noun

マミー • (mamī)

マミーブレイン

(nonstandard, humorous, childish) mommy, mummy


お嬢様

お嬢様 (canonical)
o-jō-sama (romanization)


ひまご

himago (romanization)
fimago (romanization)
ひまご (hiragana historical)


曽孫

曽孫 (canonical)
sōson (romanization)
souson (romanization)
そうそん (hiragana historical)


お方

Compound of お (o-, honorific prefix) + 方(かた) (kata, “direction; (polite) person”).


夫婦生活

夫婦生活 (canonical)
fūfu seikatsu (romanization)

[ɸɯ̟ːɸɯ̟ se̞ːka̠t͡sɨ]


入刀

ja-noun

入(にゅう)刀(とう) • (nyūtō) ^(←にふたう (nifutau)?)

入刀 (canonical)
nyūtō (romanization)
nifutau (romanization)
にふたう (hiragana historical)


やもお

yamoo (romanization)
yamowo (romanization)
やもを (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of an uncertain element やも (yamo) + 男(お) (o, “man”). The same element is also found in やもめ (yamome, “widow”), a compound with 女(め) (me, “woman”).
First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.


継息子

継息子 (canonical)
mamamusuko (romanization)


継娘

継娘 (canonical)
mamamusume (romanization)


アボジ

Coordinate term: オモニ (omoni, “mother”)

1979, “アリランのうた [Ariran no Uta]”, in アリランのうた [Ariran no Uta], performed by 白竜 [Hakuryū, Hakuryū]:

the story of my father's youth, my father who usually does not speak of the past

kako o amari hanasanu aboji no seishun monogatari

過去をあまり話さぬ アボジの青春物語


仍孫

[d͡ʑo̞ːsõ̞ɴ]


結合双生児

結(けつ)合(ごう)双(そう)生(せい)児(じ) • (ketsugō sōseiji)

結合双生児 (canonical)
ketsugō sōseiji (romanization)

Compound of 結(けつ)合(ごう) (ketsugō, “combined”) + 双(そう)生(せい)児(じ) (sōseiji, “twins”).