神

→ English: kami

Ainu language
Japanese language
Korean language
Kyūjitai
Old Japanese language
Proto-Japonic language
Shinjitai

⟨kami₂⟩ → */kamɨ/ → /kami/
From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kamui.
Not related to 上 (kami₁ → kami, “top, upper”) or 髪 (kami, “hair”).
Often appears in compounds as kamu- or kan-, indicating that kami is a unbound form deriving from */kamui/. Such apophony has occurred in other Japanese terms, such as 目 (me, ma-, “eye”) or 酒 (sake, saka-, “sake, liquor”). See also WT:AJPX#Standalone forms and combining forms.
Compare Korean 검 (geom, “god, spirit”) and Ainu カムイ (kamuy, “god”).

(Shinto) a spirit or an essence present in all things, the main subject of worship of Shinto


串

/kusi/ → /kuɕi/
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Nihon Shoki, finished CE 720.
Cognate with 櫛 (kushi, “comb”).

其の御幣の串に書付て奉りたりける

sono gohei no kushi ni kakitsukete tatematsuritarikeru

That branch of streamers, written and presented...

any slender object that can pierce other objects, especially:

(Shinto) Short for 玉串 (tamagushi): a branch of a 榊 (sakaki) tree used as a Shinto offering


宮

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:松村明

/mi₁ya/ → /miya/
From Old Japanese. A compound of 神 or 御 (mi, “spiritual honorific”) + 屋 (ya, “house”).

compound

Miya. ミヤ (宮) 神 (Camis)の社.

(Shinto) the place where a god resides: a shrine


幣

(Shinto) paper or cloth offered on skewers before a shrine (see also 幣(へい) (hei))


幣

(Shinto) a staff with cut paper streamers, offered to the gods


幣

(Shinto, historical) material, non-comestible offerings to the gods, often textiles


尊

From Old Japanese.
Derived from 御 (mi-, honorific prefix) + 事 (koto, “thing, matter”).

高皇産霊尊

高皇産霊 たかみむすひの

(Shinto) indicates respect and reverence, such as to the 神 (kami, “Shinto deity”) or the 天皇 (tennō, “Emperor of Japan”): Highness


弓

Bow (music)
Bow and arrow
Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Yumi
ja:弓 (楽器)
ja:弓 (武器)

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE), with a phonetic spelling of 由美 ⟨yumi₁⟩, */yumʲi/. A surface analysis suggests a combination of Old Japanese 弓 (yu, “bow”) + suffixing element mi, phonologically distinct from Old Japanese 身 (mi₂ /*mɨ/, “body”) but otherwise of uncertain derivation.

梓弓

a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa

破魔弓

a traditional Shintō ceremonial bow for dispel evil

鏃 (yajiri): arrowhead; 簳 (yagara): arrow-shaft; 羽 (hane): arrow-fletching

仗, 杖: yumi stave; 弦: yumi bowstring; 矢: an arrow; 靫): an quiver; 胸当て: kyudo plastron/chestguard; 弽: kyudo glove; 弩

(Shinto) a type of kagura (sacred Shinto song and dance) intended to drive away evil


斎

From Old Japanese.
Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 斎く (itsuku, “to worship”).

破夜歩佐波阿梅珥能朋利等弭箇既梨伊莵岐餓宇倍能娑奘岐等羅佐泥

阿梅珥能朋利 あめにのぼり

娑奘岐等羅佐泥 さざきとらさね

hayabusa wa ame ni nobori tobikakeri itsuki ga ue no sazaki torasane

(Shinto) Short for 斎皇女 (itsuki no miko):


斎

From Old Japanese. Possibly a doublet of 斎 (yu) below.

(Shinto) added to spiritual nouns to indicate purity and holiness: holy, pure, sacred


斎

From Old Japanese. Possibly a doublet of 斎 (i) above.


政

政 (canonical)
matsurigoto (romanization)

政を為すは猶沐するが如し

matsurigoto o nasu wa nao moku suru ga gotoshi

Possibly from Old Japanese.
Originally a compound of 祭り (matsuri, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 祭る (matsuru), “to enshrine, worship”) + 事 (koto, “matter, thing”). The koto changes to goto as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

太政官

太政 おおいまつりごとの

(especially in Shinto) a festival, ritual


榊

榊 (canonical)
榊 (canonical)
sakaki (romanization)

Extended shinjitai
Kyūjitai
Shinjitai
The Tale of Genji

The initial saka is cognate with verb 栄える (sakaeru, “to prosper, thrive”), while the final ki is definitely 木 (ki, “tree”).

賢木

Sakaki, tenth chapter of The Tale of Genji

a tree of species Cleyera japonica, considered sacred in Shinto

any evergreen tree planted within precincts of a Shinto shrine


殯

(Shinto) A funerary practice of enshrining the deceased in a casket at a special location during a period of mourning before a formal burial, specifically for royalty or nobility


楓

From Old Japanese. Less common spelling for 桂 (katsura).

桂: (Chinese mythology) the kind of tree that grows on the moon


次

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of Old Japanese-derived verb 次く (suku, “to follow, to continue from something, to be next;”).
The verb form was obsolete even in olden times. Existence of the verb, possibly related to tsugu mentioned above, is inferred from placenames found in the Man'yōshū and other ancient poetry.

(Shinto) at the 大嘗祭 (Daijōsai) and other major Shintō ceremonies, refers to the group of regional representatives making offerings of sake and grain, who do so after the initial offering


獏

獏 (canonical)
獏 (canonical)
baku (romanization)


灯

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 明かす (akasu, “to go through the whole night”).

(Shinto, Buddhism) a light (or lighted lamp) offered to a kami or buddha


禊

→ English: misogi

From Old Japanese, though the original pronunciation of the initial miso is likely unknown.
The term itself is derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 禊ぐ (misogu, “to perform ablutions (on someone)”, archaic).
Some sources suggest that this might be derived further from a compound of 身 (mi, “body”) + 注ぎ (sosogi, “pouring over, into, onto”), or alternatively from 水 (mi, “water”) + 注ぎ (sosogi, “pouring over, into, onto”). Considering that 身 had an ancient reading of ⟨mi₂⟩, while 水 had an ancient reading of ⟨mi₁⟩, the latter is a better potential match.

恋せじと御手洗川にせしみそぎ神はうけずぞなりにけらしも

koiseji to mitarashigawa ni seshi misogi kami ni ukezu zo narinikerashi mo

Longing [or “loving”] no more and purified by ritual ablution at the river of cleansing, the gods seemed to accept it not at the end.

(Shinto) a form of ritual purification performed with water; compare English ablution

風そよぐならの小川の夕暮れはみそぎぞ夏のしるしなりける

kaze soyogu Nara-no-ogawa no yūgure wa misogi zo natsu no shirushi narikeru

Rustling winds among the oak [leaves] at river Nara dusk-eventime; the lustration rites are but a sign ’tis still summertime.

(Shinto, particularly) a purification ritual held in shrines on the last day of the sixth lunar month


襅

/tipaja/ → /t͡ɕifaja/ → /t͡ɕihaja/
First attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).
Probably related to verb 千早ぶ (chihayabu, “to move or act ferociously, with terrible godly power”), itself an alteration from 逸早ぶ (ichihayabu, “to move or act quickly and strongly”), deriving from adjective 逸早し (ichihayashi, “strong and fast; extremely fast”).

(Shinto) a kind of ceremonial overcoat with a long white hem worn by the sweeper or branch-holder in certain Shinto ceremonies


虎

→ English: tora-tora

From Old Japanese to₁ra, from Proto-Japonic *tora.
Pellard (2013, 92) includes to₁ra among words with o₁ excepted from the /-o-/ to /-u-/ vowel-raising rule and not originating from earlier diphthongs. According to Vovin (2021, 111), West Old Japanese *to₁ra, instead of expected *tura, is "anomalous" and possibly "a case of a sporadic analogical development".
Vovin (2013) asserts that this word is same as a Silla place name 刀良 (/*tora/), which matches the Old Japanese phonographic spelling.

(World War II, dated) clipping of 突撃雷撃 (totsugeki raigeki, “lightning attack”), used by Japanese soldiers to warn about an imminent attack.


誓

誓 (canonical)
ukei (romanization)
ukefi (romanization)
うけひ (hiragana historical)

アマテラスとスサノオの誓約

(archaic, Shinto, Japanese mythology) an "oath", a ritual in which whether something is true or false, right or wrong, good or evil, etc. is judged based on whether the stated outcome of an act comes true as expected


鯤

(Chinese mythology) a mythological giant fish that is several thousand 里 (ri, “leagues”) long and that lives in the northern seas


鵬

鵬 (canonical)
鵬 (canonical)
hō (romanization)
bō (romanization)

Kyūjitai
Peng (mythology)
Shinjitai
Tōkyō
ja:鵬

(Chinese mythology) peng: a fabled large bird thought to have wings measuring 3,000 li and can soar up to 90,000 li

鯤鵬

something extremely large; kun (large mythical fish) and peng (large mythical bird)


鯱

鯱 (canonical)
鯱 (canonical)
shachi (romanization)

(Japanese mythology) a shachihoko, a carp with the head of a tiger


龗

⟨okami₁⟩ → */okamʲi/ → /okami/
From Old Japanese.

吾岡之於可美尓言而令落雪之摧之彼所尓塵家武

waga oka no okami ni iite furashimeshi yuki no kudakeshi soko ni chirikemu

(Japanese mythology) a dragon kami of water (rain, snow, etc.)


鳳

ja-noun

鳳(ほう) • (hō)

(Chinese mythology) feng: a fabled male fire-bird, thought to be a manifestation of a saint


齣

齣 (canonical)
齣 (canonical)
koma (romanization)

Probably cognate with 小間, 細 (koma, “small; a small piece of something”).

(film, animation, manga) a frame of a comic or film


パン

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán).


ローマ

ja-pos

ローマ • (Rōma)

From Italian Roma, possibly via Portuguese Roma.

ja:ローマ (曖昧さ回避)


狒々

狒々 (canonical)
狒々 (canonical)
hihi (romanization)

(Japanese mythology, folklore) a hihi (Japanese monkey-like yokai)


麒麟

麒麟 (canonical)
麒麟 (canonical)
kirin (romanization)

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 麒麟 (MC gi lin). First cited in Japanese to the Nihon Shoki of 720.
The giraffe sense was probably based on a superficial resemblance between certain depictions of the mythical beast and the patterning and body shape of the real animal: a tailed, hoofed, and horned quadruped with a vaguely leopard-like spot pattern. First cited in Japanese to a text from 1798.

2010 May 23, Gosho Aoyama, “ＦＩＬＥ(ファイル).５(ご) [青](せい)[龍](りゅう) [FILE 5: Azure Dragon]”, in 名(めい)探(たん)偵(てい)コナン [Legendary Detective Conan], volume 68 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN:

That’s giraffe(kirin) the animal! The qilin(kirin) we’re talking about… has a deer-like body covered in golden scales, with a cow’s tail and a horse’s hooves, and with a single horn growing from its dragonish head… It’s a mythical beast from Chinese legends!

それは動物のキリン！問題の麒麟は…全身が黄色い鱗で覆われていて、姿は鹿、牛の尾と馬の蹄を持ち、龍に似た頭から１本角が生えてる…中国の伝説上の神獣だよ！

Sore wa dōbutsu no kirin! Mondai no kirin wa… Zenshin ga kiiroi uroko de ōwarete ite, sugata wa shika, ushi no o to uma no hizume o mochi, ryū ni nita atama kara ippon tsuno ga haete ru… Chūgoku no densetsu jō no shinjū da yo!

麒麟, 騏驎: (mythology, Chinese mythology) a qilin


少女

ja-noun

少(しょう)女(じょ) • (shōjo) ^(←せうぢよ (seudyo)?)

少女 (canonical)
shōjo (romanization)
seudyo (romanization)
せうぢよ (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese compound 少女 (MC syewX|syewH nrjoX|nrjoH). Compare modern Mandarin 少女 (shàonǚ).

少女歌劇

少女歌劇 しょうじょかげき

a kind of traditional Japanese light drama with no male actors and mostly young girls playing the parts

少女趣味

少女趣味 しょうじょしゅみ

hobbies or interest common to young girls

(anime, manga) a style of anime and manga made for young women, shojo


少女

From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 乙 (oto, “young, little”) + 女 (me, “female, girl”). Compare 男 (otoko, “man”), originally meaning "young boy".

少女さび

behavior appropriate to an adult unmarried woman

a type of sea vegetable in order Ectocarpales

young woman who dances kagura at a shrine

少女文楽

少女文楽 おとめぶんらく

a kind of one-person puppet show performed by girls or young women

(Shinto) a young woman dancer performing at the 五節 (Gosechi) ceremony in the eleventh lunar month


ICBM

ICBM (canonical)
aishībīemu (romanization)


アニメ

→ English: anime

→ Spanish: anime, ánime

→ Portuguese: anime

→ Russian: аниме (anime)

→ Hindi: ऐनिमे (ainime)

→ Burmese: အာနီမေ (anime)

→ Turkish: anime

Anime
Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors
ja:アニメ
ja:松村明

Clipping of アニメーション (animēshon), itself borrowed from English animation.
Not directly related to French animé (“animated”).

(animation, anime) anime, Japanese animation


TS

ちなみに、なぜ日本で「TS」が一般的になったかというと、私が「yaysの性転換の館」開始時に、性同一障害に関するサイトから「TS」という用語を拝借してきて盛んに使っていたのも一因かもしれません。

2000, Yaesu, 八重洲メディアリサーチ [Yaesu Media Research], archived from the original on 2000-09-19:

By the way, as for why 'TS' became popular in Japan, it might be because when I started 'Yays Gender Transformation Mansion,' I borrowed the term 'TS' from websites related to gender dysphoria and used it extensively.

F氏「ＴＳの定義についての明記なんですが一体ＴＳの定義って・・・・？例の決まりあるあの一言でいいのかな？「このサイトは男性が女性、あるいは女性が男性に変化するようなことを主題として扱っているサイトです〜」

2000 May 28, Mr. F, “TS学入門 [Introduction to TS Studies]”, in TS-WEEK, archived from the original on 2006-06-06:

"Regarding specifying the definition of TS... what exactly is the definition of TS? Is it enough to have that one specified phrase like, 'This site deals with themes where men become women, or vice versa'?"

ＴＳＦという言葉が使われ始める前（１９９９，２０００年頃）には、Ｔｒａｎｓｓｅｘｕａｌの略語であるＴＳという言葉が、前述のＴＳＦの意味と同様の意味を表す言葉として用いられていました。この用法は、八重洲性転換の館（現：八重洲メディアリサーチ）の主催者である八重洲さんの提案によるものです。なお、今でも多くの人がＴＳＦと同じ意味でＴＳという言葉を使っています。

2015 June 4, F_TSF, “ＴＳＦとは [What is TSF?]”, in TSFのF [blog], archived from the original on 2015-08-10:

Before the term TSF came into use, the abbreviation "TS," standing for Transsexual, was used to convey a similar meaning around 1999-2000. This usage was proposed by Yaesu-san, the organizer of Yaesu Gender Transformation Mansion (now: Yaesu Media Research). Many people still use the term "TS" with the same meaning as TSF.

(fiction) genderswap; genderbend; sex change


天女

From Middle Chinese 天女 (MC then nrjoX|nrjoH, literally “heavenly female; deva female”).

ltc-l

(Chinese god, Japanese mythology) a female inhabitant of heaven; a heavenly female


饕餮

(figuratively) a brutal or covetous person


神器

(Shinto) an item used in Shinto ceremonies to worship a god


神主

ja-noun

神(かん)主(ぬし) • (kannushi) ^(←かむぬし (kamunusi)?)

神主 (canonical)
kannushi (romanization)
kamunusi (romanization)
しんしゅ (alternative hiragana)
shinshu (Rōmaji)
かむぬし (hiragana historical)


仙人

From sen (仙, supernatural being, hermit) + nin (人, human being).

(Taoism) immortal mountain fairy or wizard.


弁才天

弁才天 (canonical)
Benzaiten (romanization)

From Middle Chinese 辯才天 (MC bjenX dzoj then, literally “Eloquent Deva”). First referenced in Japanese in the 700s in the 最勝王経 (Saishōō-kyō, “Golden Light of the Most Victorious Kings Sutra”).
The Hindu goddess Sarasvati entered Japanese Buddhism during the late Heian period (794–1185). She came to be regarded in Japan as a goddess of wealth, and her name written as 弁財天 (Benzaiten) with the character 財 (zai, “treasure”). The name is attested with 才 (sai, “genius”) as 辯才天 from the thirteenth century, with the initial character simplified to 弁 in modern Japanese.

ltc-l

(Buddhism, Shinto) Benzaiten, Japanese name for the Hindu and Buddhist goddess Saraswati

Benzaiten
Golden Light Sutra
Heian period
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:弁才天

commerce and trade. Ebisu and Daikoku are often paired and represented as carvings

masks on the walls of small retail shops

Hotei: the fat and happy god of abundance and good health


水神

Probably from Middle Chinese 水神 (MC sywijX zyin, literally “water god”).

There are numerous such kami.

(mythology, Shinto): a Japanese god of water


阿修羅

ja-noun

阿(あ)修(しゅ)羅(ら) or 阿(あ)修(す)羅(ら) or 阿修羅(アスラ) • (ashura or asura)

阿修羅 (canonical)
阿修羅 (canonical)
阿修羅 (canonical)
ashura (romanization)
asura (romanization)

From Chinese 阿修羅／阿修罗 (āxiūluó), from Sanskrit असुर (asura).

ja:アスラ ja:阿修羅


天皇

ja-pos

天(てん)皇(こう) • (Tenkō) ^(←てんくわう (Tenkwau)?)

天皇 (canonical)
Tenkō (romanization)
Tenkwau (romanization)
てんくわう (hiragana historical)

/ten kʷau/ → /tenkʷɔː/ → /tenkɔː/ → /tenkoː/
From Middle Chinese 天皇 (MC then hwang).
The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

(Chinese mythology) the first of the Three Sovereigns, possibly 伏羲 (Fukki, “Fu Xi”)


真珠湾

真珠湾 (canonical)
Shinjuwan (romanization)

真珠 (shinju, “pearl”) + 湾 (wan, “harbor”). Calque of English Pearl Harbor.


ケンタウルス

[kẽ̞nta̠ɯ̟ɾɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Latin centaurus, from Ancient Greek κένταυρος (kéntauros)

ケンタウロス ケンタウロス#Japanese

(Roman mythology) Alternative form of ケンタウロス (kentaurosu, “centaur”)


ポケモン

desc

→ Arabic: بوكيمون

→ Arabic: بوكيمون

→ Belarusian: Покемон (Pokjemon)

→ English: Pokémon

→ Greek: Πόκεμον (Pókemon)

→ Hebrew: פוקימון

→ Hebrew: פוקימון

→ Hindi: पोकेमोन (pokemon)

→ Korean: 포켓몬 (pokenmon)

→ Mandarin: 寶可夢／宝可梦 (Bǎokèmèng)

→ Cantonese: 寶可夢／宝可梦 (bou² ho² mung⁶)

→ Russian: Покемон (Pokemon)

→ Tamil: போகெமொன் (pōkemoṉ)

→ Thai: โปเกมอน

→ Thai: โปเกมอน

→ Telugu: పోకెమొన్ (pōkemon)

→ Urdu: پوکیمون (pokemon)

→ Ukrainian: Покемон (Pokemon)

ポケットモンスター ポケットモンスター#Japanese

Clipping of ポケットモンスター (Poketto Monsutā, “Pocket Monster”); a Pokémon


大臣

(politics) a government minister of Japan or ancient China


天狗

→ Chinese: 天狗 (tiāngǒu) (reborrowed for the Japanese sense)

→ English: tengu

→ French: tengu

→ Korean: 텐구 (ten'gu)

→ Russian: тэ́нгу (tɛ́ngu)

Nihon Shoki
Shugendō
Tengu
Tiangou
ja:天狗

From Middle Chinese 天狗 (MC then kuwX, “heaven + dog”). First appears in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).
The Chinese version of tengu (Tiangou) was originally more of a dog-like spirit or falling star. As the term and idea were imported into Japanese, the character became associated with 修験道 (“Shugendō, a kind of syncretism of Buddhist and native Japanese elements”), and the Japanese tengu changed to resemble either a long-nosed 山伏 (yamabushi, “mountain monk”, a practitioner of Shugendō) with bright-red skin, or a crow.

天狗蝙蝠: Murina hilgendorfi

天狗蝙蝠 てんぐこうもり

天狗星

a kind of shooting star, one that includes a loud sound and a bright light

a place on a tree where many small branch grow

a microbial infection of cherry and other trees that causes a cluster of many small branch and knot

1999 September 23, “カラス天(てん)狗(ぐ) [Crow Tengu]”, in Vol.5, Konami:

An omniscient tengu. They say it uses divine power.

様々なことを知っている天狗。神通力が使えるという。

Samazama na koto o shitte iru tengu. Jintsūriki ga tsukaeru to iu.

(Japanese mythology, Shinto, folklore) a tengu, a mythical Japanese creature, typically birdlike and having a long nose


アニメーション

[a̠ɲ̟ime̞ːɕõ̞ɴ]

From English animation, from Latin animātiō, from animāre.


マケドニア

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μακεδονία (Makedonía)

lbor

2001 March 10 [1998 December 16], Motohiro Katou, “ミネルヴァの梟(ふくろう) [Owl of Minerva]”, in Ｑ.(キュー)Ｅ.(イー)Ｄ.(ディー) 証(しょう)明(めい)終(しゅう)了(りょう) [Q.E.D. Quod Erat Demonstrandum], 9th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 102:

The king of clubs is Alexander the Great of Macedonia

クラブのＫはマケドニアのアレクサンダー大王

Kurabu no kingu wa Makedonia no Arekusandā Daiō

ja:マケドニア (曖昧さ回避)


真人

(Taoism, mostly used in titles) one who has attained the Tao; immortal; true man


魔法

Apparently from Middle Chinese compound 魔法 (MC ma pjop, literally “devil, magic + law, method”). Compare modern Min Nan reading mô͘-hoat.

魔法少女

魔法少女 まほうしょうじょ

The arts of magic, spellcraft, witchcraft, wizardry, sorcery.


アキレウス

[a̠kʲiɾe̞ɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀχιλλεύς (Akhilleús)


アキレス

アキレウス アキレウス#Japanese

(Roman mythology) Alternative form of アキレウス (Akireusu, “Achilles”)


楔形文字

ja-noun

楔(くさび)形(がた)文(も)字(じ) or 楔(せっ)形(けい)文(も)字(じ) or 楔(けっ)形(けい)文(も)字(じ) • (kusabigata moji or sekkei moji or kekkei moji)

楔形文字 (canonical)
楔形文字 (canonical)
楔形文字 (canonical)
kusabigata moji (romanization)
sekkei moji (romanization)
kekkei moji (romanization)

From 楔形 (kusabigata, sekkei, kekkei, “wedge shape”) + 文字 (moji, “character; script”).


小アジア

小アジア (canonical)
Shō-Ajia (romanization)

From 小 (shō-, “small; little”) + アジア (Ajia, “Asia”).

pre

アナトリア アナトリア#Japanese

Synonym of アナトリア (Anatoria, “Anatolia”); Asia Minor


鳳凰

鳳凰 (canonical)
hōō (romanization)
fouwau (romanization)
ほうわう (hiragana historical)

Daijisen
Fenghuang
Peng (mythology)
Vermilion Bird
ja:松村明
ja:鳳凰
ja:鳳凰 (曖昧さ回避)

/pouwau/ → /ɸoːwɔː/ → /hoːɔː/ → /hoːoː/
Borrowing from Chinese 鳳凰／凤凰 (fènghuáng, literally “male fire-bird + female fire-bird”), date of borrowing unknown.

bor

(Chinese mythology) fenghuang: a fabled Chinese fire-bird


丞相

ja-noun

丞(じょう)相(しょう) • (jōshō) ^(←じようしやう (zyousyau)?)

丞相 (canonical)
jōshō (romanization)
zyousyau (romanization)
じようしやう (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑo̞ːɕo̞ː]

(historical) prime minister (in ancient China)


ケンタウロス

[kẽ̞nta̠ɯ̟ɾo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κένταυρος (kéntauros).


東方

ja-pos

東(とう)方(ほう) • (Tōhō)

Short for 東方Project (Tōhō Purojekuto, “Touhou Project, a popular bullet hell video game series”).


GHQ

GHQ (canonical)
Jī-eichi-kyū (romanization)

[d͡ʑiːe̞ːt͡ɕikʲɨː]

From English GHQ (“General Headquarters”).

(Japanese history) Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers


アリストテレス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs)


黄帝

ja-pos

黄(こう)帝(てい) • (Kōtei) ^(←くわうてい (Kwautei)?)

黄帝 (canonical)
Kōtei (romanization)
Kwautei (romanization)
くわうてい (hiragana historical)


悪の枢軸

悪の枢軸 (canonical)
aku no sūjiku (romanization)

[a̠kɯ̟ no̞ sɨːʑikɯ̟]


神仏

[ɕĩmbɯ̟t͡sɨ]

Compound of Middle Chinese-derived elements 神 (shin, “deity, god, kami”) + 仏 (butsu, “Buddha, Buddhism”).


化身

Daijirin
Daijisen
Incarnation
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Nirmāṇakāya
ja:NHK出版
ja:NHK放送文化研究所
ja:化身
ja:松村明

From Middle Chinese 化身 (MC xwaeH syin, “transformation + body”), itself a translation of Sanskrit निर्माणकाय (nirmāṇakāya, “body of transformations”).
Very rarely encountered with the reading kashin, using the kan'on reading of ka for the 化 character instead of the usual goon reading of ke. Most resources do not include the kashin reading.

der

(Buddhism, Shinto) a physical manifestation of a Buddha, bodhisattva, kami, or other divine or mystical being


メルクリウス

[me̞ɾɯ̟kɯ̟ɾʲiɯ̟sɨ]

神

ローマ神話のオリュンポス十二神 (Rōma shinwa no Oryunposu jūnishin)


ディズニーランド

[dʲizɨɲ̟iːɾã̠ndo̞]


イシス

(Egyptian mythology) Isis - the ancient Egyptian goddess of fertility.


道教

ja-pos

道(どう)教(きょう) • (Dōkyō) ^(←だうけう (Daukeu)?)

道教 (canonical)
Dōkyō (romanization)
Daukeu (romanization)
だうけう (hiragana historical)


扶桑

扶桑 (canonical)
Fusō (romanization)
Fusau (romanization)
ふさう (hiragana historical)

(Chinese mythology) a sacred tree said to exist in Japan

(Chinese mythology) a land to the east, often identified with Japan


黄泉

*⟨yo₂mo₂⟩ → */jəmə/ → ⟨yo₂mo⟩ → */jəmo/ → /jomo/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki, the oldest extant historical record of ancient Japan, compiled in 712 CE. Appears to be the older combining form of yomi (see below).
The ablaut or apophonic form of cognate 山 (yama, “mountain”). Mountains were often used as a place to bury the dead and were strongly associated with the afterlife.
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 黃泉／黄泉 (huángquán, literally “yellow springs”), incorporating the underworld from Chinese mythology.

obor

(Shinto, archaic) the land of the dead; the afterworld, underworld

黄泉つ醜女

demoness inhabitant of the land of the dead

黄泉つ平坂

hill of the dead, lying between this world and the afterlife

黄泉つ竈食い

eat from the kitchen of the dead → dying, death


黄泉

*⟨yo₂mi₂⟩ → */jəmwi/ → /jomi/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE) alongside its combining form yomo (see above).
The ablaut or apophonic form of yomo. For this vowel alternation, see WT:AJPX#Standalone forms and combining forms.
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 黃泉／黄泉 (huángquán, literally “yellow springs”), incorporating the underworld from Chinese mythology.

(Shinto) the land of the dead; the afterworld, underworld

甦る

to return from the land of the dead → to be reborn

黄泉の旅人

traveler to the land of the dead → someone who has died


黄泉醜女

黄泉醜女 (canonical)
yomo tsu shikome (romanization)

Compound of 黄泉 (yomo, “underworld, land of the dead”, combining form) + つ (tsu, genitive marker) + 醜女 (shikome, “ferocious and ugly demoness who lives in the land of the dead”).

compound

712: Kojiki
於是伊邪那岐命、見畏而逃還之時、其妹伊邪那美命、言令見辱吾、即遣豫母都志許賣此六字以音。令追。

于時、伊奘冉尊恨曰、何不用要言、令吾恥辱、乃遣泉津醜女八人、一云、泉津日狹女、追留之。

ferocious and ugly demon women of the underworld


黄泉竈食い

ja-noun

黄泉(よもつ)竈(へ)食(ぐ)い • (yomotsuhegui) ^(←よもつへぐひ (yomotufegufi)?)

黄泉竈食い (canonical)
yomotsuhegui (romanization)
yomotufegufi (romanization)
よもつへぐひ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 黄泉(よも) (yomo) + つ (tsu, genitive marker) + 竈食(へぐ)い (hegui).

ja-compound

712: Kojiki
爾伊邪那美命答白、悔哉、不速來。吾者爲黄泉戸喫。

720: Nihon Shoki
吾已湌泉之竃矣。 [...] 湌泉之竃、此云譽母都俳遇比

eating food prepared from the kettle in the underworld; it is believed that once this food is eaten, the dead may never return to the land of the living


暗黒面

暗黒面 (canonical)
ankokumen (romanization)

[ã̠ŋko̞kɯ̟mẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 暗黒(あんこく) (ankoku, “darkness”) + 面(めん) (men, “side, face”).


稲荷

/inanari/ → /inari/
Originally a compound of 稲 (ina, “rice plant”) + 生り (nari), the stem form of verb 生る (naru, “to fruit, to go to seed”).
The 荷 character is ateji, in reference to "bearing".

稲荷大神: God Inari

稲荷大神 いなりおおかみ

稲荷神社

稲荷神社 いなりじんじゃ

a shrine dedicated to the god Inari, usually with a statue of a fox in front

稲荷講: an Inari shrine association in Kyōto

(Shinto): god of harvests, fertility, rice, agriculture, foxes, industry, and worldly success


射干

From Middle Chinese 射干 (MC yaeH kan), from Sanskrit सृगाल (sṛgāla, “jackal”).
Doublet of ジャッカル (jakkaru, “jackal”), via English jackal, Turkish çakal and Persian شغال (šağâl).

(Chinese mythology) a legendary evil beast similar to a fox


神籬

/hi₁boro₂ki₁/: [piborəki] → [piboroki] → [ɸiboroki] → [çiboroki]. From earlier himoroki. Medial bilabial -m- looses nasality and becomes a plosive -b-.

神籬 日本紀私記云、神籬、俗云比保路岐

938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō:

Divine grove The Nihongi Private Records call it a divine grove, commonly called hiboroki

(Shinto), a holy area surrounded by a barrier of trees; used as a place to summon and worship gods


国民党

ja-pos

国(こく)民(みん)党(とう) • (Kokumintō) ^(←こくみんたう (Kokumintau)?)

国民党 (canonical)
Kokumintō (romanization)
Kokumintau (romanization)
こくみんたう (hiragana historical)

(politics) Japan Nation Party. See Wikipedia: Japan Nation Party


国民党

ja-noun

国(こく)民(みん)党(とう) • (kokumintō) ^(←こくみんたう (kokumintau)?)

国民党 (canonical)
kokumintō (romanization)
kokumintau (romanization)
こくみんたう (hiragana historical)


霊気

霊(れい)気(き) or 霊(れい)気(ぎ) or 霊(りょう)気(げ) • (reiki or reigi or ryōge) ^(←りやうげ (ryauge)?)

霊気 (canonical)
霊気 (canonical)
霊気 (canonical)
reiki (romanization)
reigi (romanization)
ryōge (romanization)
ryauge (romanization)
りやうげ (hiragana historical)

(anime, manga) qi or life-force, spiritual power or energy


馬頭

馬頭 (canonical)
Mezu (romanization)
Medu (romanization)
めづ (hiragana historical)

Calque of Sanskrit अश्वशीर्ष (aśvaśīrṣa).

cal

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology, Japanese mythology) Horse-Head, one of the two guardians of hell


一角獣

ja-noun

一(いっ)角(かく)獣(じゅう) • (ikkakujū) ^(←いつかくじう (itukakuziu)?)

一角獣 (canonical)
ikkakujū (romanization)
itukakuziu (romanization)
いつかくじう (hiragana historical)

[ik̚ka̠kɯ̟ʑɨː]

一角 (ikkaku, “one horn”) + 獣 (jū, “beast”).
/ikkakuziu/ → /ikkakuzjuː/

af

(rare, mythology, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 麒麟 (kirin, “qilin”)


八紘一宇

ja-noun

八(はっ)紘(こう)一(いち)宇(う) • (hakkō ichiu) ^(←はっくゎういちう (fakkwauitiu)?)

八紘一宇 (canonical)
hakkō ichiu (romanization)
fakkwauitiu (romanization)
はっくゎういちう (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese: 八紘一宇／八纮一宇 (bāhóngyīyǔ)

→ Korean: 팔굉일우 (palgoeng'iru)

八紘 (hakkō, “eight corners”) + 一宇 (ichiu, “one roof”) ≅ “the eight corners of the earth [united] under a single roof”
The concept originates from a passage in the Nihon Shoki (720): 兼六合以開都、 掩八紘一而為宇, in which Emperor Jimmu declares Kashihara to be the capital of the lands. Originally limited to context of Japan as a whole, but in 1903 Tanaka Chigaku first used it in reference to world unification. Widely used around 1937 during the Sino-Japanese War, the phrase was later included in the July 26, 1940 national policy known as Kihon Kokusaku Yōkō (基本国策要綱) during the Fumimaro Konoe administration.

during World War II, used as a nationalistic slogan to rationalize overseas expansion


怪盗

怪(かい)盗(とう) • (kaitō) ^(←くわいたう (kwaitau)?)

怪盗 (canonical)
kaitō (romanization)
kwaitau (romanization)
くわいたう (hiragana historical)

Uncertain. May be from Middle Chinese 怪盜 (kˠuɛiᴴ dɑuᴴ, literally “peculiar thief”), or alternatively may be a coinage in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements as a compound of 怪 (kai, “phantom”) + 盗 (tō, “stealing, thievery; thief”).

compound

1999 March 27, “魅(み)惑(わく)の怪(かい)盗(とう) [The Bewitching Phantom Thief]”, in Vol.2, Konami:

A smug phantom thief in a black cape. He mesmerizes his opponents with a mere cane swing.

黒いマントをはおるキザな怪盗。杖を振って、相手を魅了する。

Kuroi manto o haoru kiza na kaitō. Tsue o futte, aite o miryō suru.

2007 March 15, Gosho Aoyama, “ゴールデン・アイの巻(まき)【前(ぜん)編(ぺん)】 [Golden Eye (First Chapter)]”, in まじっく快(かい)斗(と) [Magic Kaito], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN:

News of the showdown in Japan… between the French phantom thief Chat Noir and you is spreading all over Paris…

パリじゃ評判になってるよ…フランスの怪盗黒猫が日本で君と対決するとね…

Pari ja hyōban ni natteru yo… Furansu no kaitō Sha Nowāru ga Nippon de kimi to taiketsu suru to ne…

a mysterious "phantom thief" in Japanese fiction, who excels at theatrics and evading capture and who steals for thrill rather than for personal gain


獣耳

獣耳 (canonical)
獣耳 (canonical)
kemonomimi (romanization)

Compound of 獣 (kemono, “animal, beast”) + 耳 (mimi, “ear”).

(neologism) animal ears, as worn or possessed by a human or humanoid


記紀

Abbreviation of 古事記 (Kojiki, “Records of Ancient Matters”) and 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”).

abbrev

記紀歌謡

記紀神話

the Records of Ancient Matters and the Chronicles of Japan (the two oldest book of Japanese history)


GL

[d͡ʑiːe̞ɾɯ̟]

ガールズラブ ガールズラブ#Japanese

Initialism of ガールズラブ (gāruzu rabu, “girls' love”).

NL

heterosexual love; normal love; nonke love


鎌鼬

鎌鼬 (canonical)
kamaitachi (romanization)

鎌 (kama, “sickle”) + 鼬 (itachi, “weasel”).


貔貅

貔貅 (canonical)
hikyū (romanization)
fikiu (romanization)
ひきう (hiragana historical)

(Chinese mythology) pixiu, a mythical horned animal that is believed to bring luck


BL

ボーイズラブ ボーイズラブ#Japanese

Initialism of ボーイズラブ (bōizu rabu, “boys' love”).


大東亜共栄圏

ja-pos

だいとうあ きょうえいけん

大(だい)東(とう)亜(あ)共(きょう)栄(えい)圏(けん) • (Daitōa Kyōeiken)

大東亜共栄圏 (canonical)
Daitōa Kyōeiken (romanization)

だいとーあきょーえーけん

[da̠ito̞ːa̠ kʲo̞ːe̞ːkẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 大(だい)東(とう)亜(あ) (Daitōa, “Japan's name for the Far East and Southeast Asia during World War II”) + 共(きょう)栄(えい)圏(けん) (kyōeiken, “a group of nations joining hands to prosper together”)
A slogan promulgated during World War II by the Japanese government and military used as a means to rationalize rule over Asia.

ja-compound

Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere


創氏改名

ja-pos

創(そう)氏(し)改(かい)名(めい) • (Sōshi kaimei) ^(←さうしかいめい (Sausi kaimei)?)

創氏改名 (canonical)
Sōshi kaimei (romanization)
Sausi kaimei (romanization)
さうしかいめい (hiragana historical)

(historical) A 1939 Japanese government policy applied to then Korean colony which forced Koreans to change their surnames to Japanese-style surnames; abolished in 1945.


愛蔵版

ja-noun

愛(あい)蔵(ぞう)版(ばん) • (aizōban) ^(←あいざうばん (aizauban)?)

愛蔵版 (canonical)
aizōban (romanization)
aizauban (romanization)
あいざうばん (hiragana historical)

Compound of 愛蔵 (aizō, “to treasure or cherish something”, literally “to love something and keep it safe”) + 版 (han, “version, edition”). The han changes to ban as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


ダース

ja-pos

ダース • (Dāsu)

From English Darth, from the Star Wars universe, where it is used as a title for Sith Lords.

ダース・ベイダー


けっかい

(manga, anime) on a small scale, meaning a projected energy barrier, force field, or shield; and on a larger scale, meaning a pocket universe, spiritual or otherwise


嫦娥

嫦娥 (canonical)
Jōga (romanization)
Zyauga (romanization)
じやうが (hiragana historical)

/d͡ʑjauɡa/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡa/ → /d͡ʑoːɡa/
From Middle Chinese 嫦娥 (MC dzyang nga, “Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon”).
The 呉音 (goon) pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.
First cited in Japanese to a text from 827.

ltc-l

(Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon


高天原

高天原 (canonical)
takama no hara (romanization)

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
Compound of 高 (taka, “high”) + 天の原 (ama no hara, “plains of heaven”), with the final -a of taka dropped due to haplology.

com

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Takamagahara (the realm of the gods, as opposed to the realm of mortals and the realm of the dead)


ドナルドダック

Donald Duck (one of the Disney characters)


萌え

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 萌 (méng, “moe”)

→ English: moe, moé

→ Korean: 모에 (mo'e, “moe”)

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 萌える (moeru, “to bud, sprout; be aroused”).
The "feelings of affection towards a fictional character" sense likely first appeared in the early 1990s.

(anime, manga slang) moe: feelings of affection towards a fictional character


鬼法

(Buddhism) the practices of demons or evil spirits


テラ

(Roman mythology) Terra, the Roman counterpart of Gaia/Gaea, Greek goddess of the earth.


天狐

(mythology, Shinto): A heavenly/celestial fox; a nine-tail fox said to be the most powerful form of the kitsune: Once they turn 1,000-years-old, they gain all nine of their tails, turn a golden color, and ascend to the heavens, where they become celestial foxes.


式神

ja-noun

式(しき)神(がみ) or 式(しき)神(じん) • (shikigami or shikijin)

式神 (canonical)
式神 (canonical)
shikigami (romanization)
shikijin (romanization)

Compound of 式 (shiki, “ceremony”) + 神 (kami, “god, spirit”). The kami changes to gami due to rendaku (連濁).
Alternately, compound of 式 (shiki, “ceremony”) + 神 (jin, “god, spirit”).

compound

A kind of familiar spirit, summoned-up in service as a servant to the will of a practitioner of the onmyōdō (陰陽道) religion, very much like a western familiar.


魔法少女

ja-noun

魔(ま)法(ほう)少(しょう)女(じょ) • (mahō shōjo) ^(←まはふせうぢよ (mafafuseudyo)?)

魔法少女 (canonical)
mahō shōjo (romanization)
mafafuseudyo (romanization)
まはふせうぢよ (hiragana historical)

→ Chinese:

zh-l

馬猴燒酒／马猴烧酒 (mǎhóu shāojiǔ)

Mandarin: 馬猴燒酒／马猴烧酒 (mǎhóu shāojiǔ)

魔法少女 (mófǎ shàonǚ)

Mandarin: 魔法少女 (mófǎ shàonǚ)

→ Korean: 마법소녀(魔法少女) (mabeopsonyeo)

→ English: magical girl (calque)

From 魔法(まほう) (mahō) + 少女(しょうじょ) (shōjo).

(manga, anime) magical girl (a girl or young woman with magical abilities and engaged in magical adventures)


変身

Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shapeshifting
ja:変身

Probably from Middle Chinese as compound 變身 (MC pjenH syin, “change” + “body; self”). Compare modern Mandarin 變身／变身 (biànshēn).
First attested in Japanese in 1060.

ltc-l

shapeshifting, a transformation of one's body, particularly of a human into some other creature or form


変身

A shout called out when metamorphising into one's powerful alter-ego. Found in tokusatsu, mecha and magical girl fiction.


変身

変身する (canonical)
henshin suru (romanization)
変身し (stem)
変身した (past)
変身し
へんしんし
henshin shi
変身する
へんしんする
henshin suru
変身すれ
へんしんすれ
henshin sure
変身せよ (imperative literary)
変身しろ (colloquial imperative)
へんしんせよ (imperative literary)
へんしんしろ (colloquial imperative)
henshin seyo (imperative literary)
henshin shiro (colloquial imperative)
変身される (passive)
へんしんされる (passive)
henshin sareru (passive)
変身させる (causative)
変身さす (causative)
へんしんさせる (causative)
へんしんさす (causative)
henshin saseru (causative)
henshin sasu (causative)
変身できる (potential)
へんしんできる (potential)
henshin dekiru (potential)
変身しよう (volitional)
へんしんしよう (volitional)
henshin shiyō (volitional)
変身しない (negative)
へんしんしない (negative)
henshin shinai (negative)
変身せず (continuative negative)
へんしんせず (continuative negative)
henshin sezu (continuative negative)
変身します (formal)
へんしんします (formal)
henshin shimasu (formal)
変身した (perfective)
へんしんした (perfective)
henshin shita (perfective)
変身して (conjunctive)
へんしんして (conjunctive)
henshin shite (conjunctive)
変身すれば (conditional hypothetical)
へんしんすれば (conditional hypothetical)
henshin sureba (conditional hypothetical)

to shapeshift, to transform physically into some other creature or form


河童

/kapawarapa/ → /kawawappa/ → /kawappa/ → /kappa/
Originally a compound of 川 (kapa → kawa, “river”) + 童 (warapa → wappa, “child”).

com

1999 September 23, “ひょうすべ [Hyōsube]”, in Vol.5, Konami:

A kappa boss with low defense strength, but surprisingly high attack strength.

カッパの親分。攻撃力は意外と高い。守備力は低め。

Kappa no oyabun. Kōgekiryoku wa igai to takai. Shubiryoku wa hikume.

2000 July 13, “サイコ・カッパー [Psycho Kappar]”, in Pharaoh’s Servant －ファラオのしもべ－, Konami:

This kappa evades attack damage with his ESP.

いろいろな超能力を使い、攻撃のダメージを防ぐカッパ。

Iroiro na chōnōryoku o tsukai, kōgeki no damēji o fusegu kappa.

(Japanese mythology, folklore) a river-dwelling imp or monster from Japanese folklore


ネズミーランド

Blend of ネズミ (nezumi, “mouse; rat”) + ディズニーランド (Dizunīrando, “Disneyland”)

blend

ディズニーランド ディズニーランド#Japanese

(slang) Synonym of ディズニーランド (Dizunīrando, “Disneyland”)


直霊

直霊 (canonical)
直霊 (canonical)
naohi (romanization)
naobi (romanization)

荒魂 (aratama): courage

和魂 (nigitama): friendship

奇魂 (kushitama): wisdom

幸魂 (sakitama): love

a philosophy in Shintoism; refers to the positive aspects of the 四(し)魂(こん) (shikon) within one's heart:


幸魂

幸魂 (canonical)
sakimitama (romanization)

(Shinto, philosophy) one of the 四(し)魂(こん) (shikon) within one's heart and pertains to one's own "loving nature"


禍津日

禍津日 (canonical)
magatsuhi (romanization)

See 禍(まが)津(つ)日(ひの)神(かみ) (magatsuhi no kami).

ja-r

まが%つ%ひ の %かみ

short for 禍津日神 (magatsuhi no kami, “gods of misfortune”).


荒魂

Compound of 荒 (ara, “rough, wild, violent”) + 御 (mi, honorific prefix) + 霊, 魂 (tama, “soul”).

compound

(Shinto, rare) one of the four souls of one's spirit, or one of the four aspects of a kami, manifesting characteristics of wildness and violence, possibly also decisiveness and courage


四魂

a philosophy in Shintoism; within one's own heart there exists four 'souls', in either their positive (直霊(なおび) (naobi) and/or negative (禍津日(まがつひ) (magatsuhi) aspects, and that it is the interactions between these four souls, in either aspect, and in varying amounts and levels, that can influence the ups and downs in that person's character, good or bad.


半妖

(anime, manga) half-human, half-demon(?) characters; often due to one parent being human and the other being demon


土神

(mythology, Shinto) a god of the land or soil


火神

火神 (canonical)
kajin (romanization)
kwazin (romanization)
くわじん (hiragana historical)

Probably ultimately from Middle Chinese 火神 (MC xwaX zyin, literally “fire + god”).
First attested in 1103 in the 中右記 (Chūyū-ki), a diary spanning some 50 years of life in the imperial court.

ltc-l

(mythology, Shinto, possibly archaic) a god of fire, another name for Kagutsuchi


雷神

(mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of thunder and lightning


天神

[tẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

From Middle Chinese 天神 (MC then zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 天神 (tiānshén, “god, godhead, divinity”).

cog

天神七代 てんじんしちだい

天神七代: the seven generation of gods in Shintō mythology

(Japanese mythology) all gods in the 高天原 (Takama ga Hara, “Plain of High Heaven”), the heavenly abode ruled by 天照 (Amaterasu)


仙法

仙術: a specific technique of mystical sagehood

(fantasy, manga) magic, spellcraft, witchcraft, wizardry, sorcery


祖神

From Middle Chinese compound 祖神 (MC tsuX zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 祖神 (zǔshén).

(mythology, Shinto) the deification of an ancestor

(mythology, Shinto) Amaterasu, as an ancestor of the imperial family


風神

Probably from Middle Chinese 風神 (MC pjuwng zyin). Compare modern Mandarin 風神／风神 (fēngshén).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of the wind


古田

古田 (canonical)
Furuta (romanization)
古田 (canonical)
Futta (romanization)

Compound of 古(ふる) (furu, “old, worn out”, noun) + 田(た) (ta, “field, paddy”). Literally, “old (rice) field”.

ja-com

A neighborhood of Nishinoomote, Kagoshima Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Motoyama, Kōchi Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Kawachi, Tochigi Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Harima, Hyōgo Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Oguni, Yamagata Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Kushimoto, Wakayama Prefecture.


村雨

(Japanese fiction) a character in Kan'ami's Noh play Matsukaze


大幣

(Shinto) a wooden wand with paper streamers attached, used in Shinto rituals for purification


幣束

(Shinto) wooden wands, decorated with two shides (zigzag paper streamers) used in Shinto rituals


御幣

(Shinto) implement used in Shintō rituals, consisting of two 紙垂(かみしで) (kamishide, “zigzag paper streamers used extensively in Shintō”) attached to a wooden or bamboo pole.


祓串

祓串 (canonical)
haraegushi (romanization)

(Shinto) wooden wand decorated with shide (zigzag paper streamers), used for purification in Shinto rituals


ケルベロス

[ke̞ɾɯ̟be̞ɾo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos).

lbor

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Cerberus, the mythical three-headed dog


天照

天照 (canonical)
天照 (canonical)
Amaterasu (romanization)

Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten

From Old Japanese. Mentioned in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE.
Superficially, a compound of 天 (ama, “sky, the heavens”) + 照らす (terasu, “to illuminate something, to shine upon something”). However, this derives instead as an honorific form of compound verb 天照る (amateru, “to shine in heaven”), as the 照らす (terasu) is not the usual transitive or causative conjugation of the intransitive verb 照る (teru, “to shine, to light up”), but rather an example of the verb with the Old Japanese honorific verb suffix す (-su).
As a verbal epithet, also found in some older texts with the reading Amaderasu, where the terasu changes to derasu as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The name appears to be consistently used without voicing, as Amaterasu.

com

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Amaterasu, the Japanese sun goddess


レーダー

ja-pos

レーダー • (Rēdā)

ja:レーダー (ギリシア神話)
ja:レーダー (曖昧さ回避)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Λήδᾱ (Lḗdā)


鎖国

鎖国する (canonical)
sakoku suru (romanization)
鎖国し (stem)
鎖国した (past)
鎖国し
さこくし
sakoku shi
鎖国する
さこくする
sakoku suru
鎖国すれ
さこくすれ
sakoku sure
鎖国せよ (imperative literary)
鎖国しろ (colloquial imperative)
さこくせよ (imperative literary)
さこくしろ (colloquial imperative)
sakoku seyo (imperative literary)
sakoku shiro (colloquial imperative)
鎖国される (passive)
さこくされる (passive)
sakoku sareru (passive)
鎖国させる (causative)
鎖国さす (causative)
さこくさせる (causative)
さこくさす (causative)
sakoku saseru (causative)
sakoku sasu (causative)
鎖国できる (potential)
さこくできる (potential)
sakoku dekiru (potential)
鎖国しよう (volitional)
さこくしよう (volitional)
sakoku shiyō (volitional)
鎖国しない (negative)
さこくしない (negative)
sakoku shinai (negative)
鎖国せず (continuative negative)
さこくせず (continuative negative)
sakoku sezu (continuative negative)
鎖国します (formal)
さこくします (formal)
sakoku shimasu (formal)
鎖国した (perfective)
さこくした (perfective)
sakoku shita (perfective)
鎖国して (conjunctive)
さこくして (conjunctive)
sakoku shite (conjunctive)
鎖国すれば (conditional hypothetical)
さこくすれば (conditional hypothetical)
sakoku sureba (conditional hypothetical)

to close a country to foreigners, especially to trade with foreigners


慰安婦

ja-noun

慰(い)安(あん)婦(ふ) • (ianfu) ^(←ゐあんふ (wianfu)?)

慰安婦 (canonical)
ianfu (romanization)
wianfu (romanization)
ゐあんふ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 慰安 (ian, “consolation, comfort”) + 婦 (fu, “a woman”).

com

(more specifically) such a woman forced to serve the Japanese military during the Pacific War


ファラオ

Borrowed from English pharaoh.
First cited to a text from 1924.

a pharaoh (supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
New Kingdom
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ファラオ


アヘ顔

→ English: ahegao

→ Korean: 아헤가오 (ahegao)

→ Mandarin: 阿嘿顏／阿嘿颜 (āhēiyán)

→ Persian: آهگائو (âhegâ'o)

→ Russian: ахэга́о (axɛgáo)

→ Tajik: аҳегао (ahegao)

→ Ukrainian: aхеґао (axegao)

Compound of アヘアヘ (aheahe, “panting, as from physical exertion or sexual arousal”, onomatopoeia) + 顔 (kao, “face”). The kao changes to gao as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

(slang) ahegao (an exaggerated facial expression consisting of flushed cheeks, rolled-back eyes, and the tongue hanging out, intended to depict a person having an orgasm)


プルート

[pɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːto̞]


ウラヌス

[ɯ̟ɾa̠nɯ̟sɨ]


サターン

ja-pos

サターン • (Satān)

(Roman mythology, rare) Saturn, the Roman god


ヴィーナス

ヴィーナス • (Vīnasu)

愛と美の女神ヴィーナス

(rare, Roman mythology) Venus, the Roman goddess


プルートー

プルートー • (Purūtō)

[pɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːto̞ː]


竜神

(Shinto) a dragon god also known as 海神(わたつみ) (Watatsumi), the tutelary deity of the sea in Japanese mythology


アテーナー

アテーナー • (Atēnā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀθηνᾶ (Athēnâ)

lbor

神

ギリシア神話のオリュンポス十二神 (Girishia shinwa no Oryunposu jūnishin)


ゼウス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).


アレース

ja-pos

アレース • (Arēsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄρης (Árēs).

lbor

(Greek mythology) Alternative form of アレス (Aresu, “Ares”)


福禄寿

福禄寿 (canonical)
Fukurokuju (romanization)

[ɸɯ̟kɯ̟ɾo̞kɯ̟ʑɨ]

From Middle Chinese 福祿壽／福禄寿 (Fú-Lù-Shòu). Considered in Japan to be one of the Seven Lucky Gods starting from the Muromachi Period.

(Shinto): Fukurokuju; a god of happiness, wealth, and longevity, and one of the seven gods of good fortune

布袋

the fat and happy god of abundance and good health

弁才天, 弁財天

goddess of knowledge, art and beauty, especially music


セレス

(Roman mythology) Ceres, the Roman goddess


御札

From 御 (o-, “honorific prefix”) + 札 (fuda, “tag, note”).

護符

a protective charm issue by a Shinto shrine

破魔矢

a decorative arrow used as a ward against evil

(Shinto) talisman or amulet issued by a Shinto shrine

キョンシーの額に貼ってあるお札

the talismans attached to the foreheads of jiangshi


チャクラ

[t͡ɕa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠]

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá, “wheel, circle, point”).


ダイモーン

ja-noun

ダイモーン • (daimōn)

From Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “a god, goddess, divine power, genius, guardian spirit”).

bor

(Greek mythology) a daimon; a tutelary spirit that guides a person; a genius


パラス

(Greek mythology) Pallas; The name of several people in Greek mythology:

An epithet for Athena; later Pallas Athena.


山犬

山犬 (canonical)
山犬 (canonical)
yamainu (romanization)

Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:ヤマイヌ
ja:松村明

Compound of 山 (yama, “mountain”) + 犬 (inu, “dog”).

(Japanese mythology) an apparition of a dog that may appear to travelers on mountain roads, and that may be either friendly or murderous to travelers

送り犬

canine apparition appearing to travelers


誓い

誓い (canonical)
chikai (romanization)
tikafi (romanization)
ちかひ (hiragana historical)

連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 誓(ちか)う (chikau, “to swear, vow”).

ja-etym-renyokei

(Shinto, Buddhism) vow that the Buddha pledged to save sentient beings


アストレア

(Greek mythology) Astraea, the Greek goddess of stars, and a goddess of justice.


十拳の剣

ja-noun

^とおつか-の-^つるぎ

十拳の剣 (canonical)
Tōtsuka-no-Tsurugi (romanization)

[to̞ːt͡sɨka̠ no̞ t͡sɨɾɯ̟ɡʲi]

(Japanese mythology) the Ten-hands Longsword

天羽々斬

天羽々斬 あまのはばきり

蛇之麁正

蛇之麁正 おろちのあらまさ


神人

Compound of 神 (kami, “god, spirit”) + 人 (hito, “person”). The hito changes to bito as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

神人の手に取りもたる榊葉に / 木綿かけ添ふる深き夜の霜

kamibito no te ni torimotaru sakakiba ni / yufu kake sofuru fukaki yo no shimo

the deep night's frost accompanies the ceremonial ties / on the sakaki leaves held in the hands of the priests


神人

[ka̠mʲĩɲ̟t͡ɕɨ]

From Okinawan 神人, in turn from 神 (kami, “god, spirit”) + ん (n, possessive particle, reduced form of ぬ (nu)) + 人 (tchu, “person”).

af

possessive particle, reduced form of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ryu">ぬ</i> (nu)

(Okinawa, Shinto) Synonym of 巫女 (miko, “shrine maiden”)


絵馬

絵馬 (canonical)
ema (romanization)
wema (romanization)
ゑま (hiragana historical)

(Shinto) an ema, a small wooden plaque on which Shinto worshippers write their prayers or wishes, usually with the picture of a horse on it


ネメシス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νέμεσις (Némesis)


蛭子

蛭子 (canonical)
Hiruko (romanization)
蛭子 (canonical)
Ebisu (romanization)

Hiruko: Given the spelling in 古事記 (Kojiki) (水蛭子) and the 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki) (蛭兒), and the fact that Hiruko was considered a deformed failure owing to the improper courtship ritual between 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami), this name is usually interpreted as 蛭 (“leech”) + 子 (“child”). Alternatively, this could be the male equivalent of 日孁 (Hirume, “Amaterasu”, literally “Sun Female”), hence 日 (hi, “sun”) + る (ru, possible variant of archaic genitive particle ろ) + 子 (ko, “child”), although his association with the sun was never clearly stated.

af

possible variant of archaic genitive particle <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">ろ</i>

(Japanese mythology) son of 伊弉諾 (Izanagi) and 伊弉冉 (Izanami), born either before or after 淡路島 (Awajishima, “Awaji Island”) during his parents' nation birthing process (his "siblings" included islands), considered a deformed failure, disowned by his parents, and sent adrift on reed boat


アルテミス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄρτεμις (Ártemis)


月読

月読 (canonical)
月読 (canonical)
Tsukiyomi (romanization)

Shift from Old Japanese 月讀 (tukuyo₂mi₁), using the modern reading of 月 (tsuki, “moon”).

(Japanese mythology) Short for 月読尊 (Tsukiyomi no mikoto): Tsukuyomi, the moon god in Shinto mythology

月読宮

Tsukiyomi-no-miya, a shrine to Tsukuyomi in the Miyajiri area of Ise, Mie Prefecture


セレーネー

ja-pos

セレーネー • (Serēnē)

(Greek mythology) The goddess of the Moon, Selene.


座敷童

座敷童 (canonical)
zashiki warashi (romanization)

Compound of 座敷 (zashiki, “house; Japanese-style parlor”) + 童 (warashi, “child”).

compound

(Japanese mythology, Tōhoku) a kind of yōkai: a red-faced ghost or apparition of a child haunting an old house, generally not malevolent, and thought to bring good fortune to the house


須佐之男

ja-pos

須(す)佐(さ)之(の)男(お) or 須佐之男(スサノオ) • (Susanoo) ^(←すさのを (Susanowo)?)

須佐之男 (canonical)
須佐之男 (canonical)
Susanoo (romanization)
Susanowo (romanization)
すさのを (hiragana historical)

Uncertain, with many possible derivations. One of the more compelling explanations is that this is a compound of すさ (susa, “roughness, wildness”, root word unattested in isolation, but found in terms such as 凄まじい (susamajii, “terrible, dreadful”) or 荒む (susamu, “to be wild, to be savage”)) + の (no, possessive particle) + 男 (o, “man”). In this case, 須佐 (Susa) would be ateji (当て字).
Another theory is that this may be a compound of 須佐 (Susa, name of a place in Japan, where the god is supposed to have first touched earth) + の (no, possessive particle) + 男 (o, “man”).

lang

神道の本：八百万の神々がつどう秘教的祭祀の世界

神道の本：八百万の神々がつどう秘教的祭祀の世界

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) Susanoo, the Japanese god of storms


伊邪那美

ja-pos

伊(い)邪(ざ)那(な)美(み) or 伊邪那美(イザナミ) • (Izanami)

伊邪那美 (canonical)
伊邪那美 (canonical)
Izanami (romanization)

Appears to be of identical derivation as 伊邪那岐 (Izanagi), only replacing the last syllable き (ki, “male”, common element in Japanese male given names) with み (mi, “female”, common element in Japanese female given names). See the 伊邪那岐 entry for further details. The kanji are ateji (当て字).

(Japanese mythology) Izanami, the Japanese creator goddess, wife of Izanagi, and mother of Kagutsuchi


伊邪那岐

伊(い)邪(ざ)那(な)岐(ぎ) or 伊邪那岐(イザナギ) or 伊(い)邪(ざ)那(な)岐(き) or 伊邪那岐(イザナキ) • (Izanagi or Izanaki)

伊邪那岐 (canonical)
伊邪那岐 (canonical)
伊邪那岐 (canonical)
伊邪那岐 (canonical)
Izanagi (romanization)
Izanaki (romanization)

Uncertain. The pronunciation of the name shifted from Izanaki to Izanagi. The older Izanaki is still used as an alternative reading.
Possible etymologies
* Old Japanese いざ (iza, a beckoning interjection or call similar to hey and the root of verb 誘う (izanau, “to beckon, to call; to tempt”)) + な (na, Old Japanese possessive particle, superseded by の (no)) + き (ki, “male”, common element in Japanese male given names)
*: This theory dates to 1798 in the 古事記伝 (Kojiki-den, “Commentaries on the Kojiki”) by Motoori Norinaga, a scholar of ancient Japanese. This etymology would suggest that the name Izanagi meant something like “the (male) caller, the (male) beckoner”, perhaps in reference to Izanagi's calling forth of the islands of Japan from the sea.
* iza as alteration of isa from 功 (isao, “deed, exploit”) + な (na, Old Japanese possessive particle) + き (ki, “male”)
*: This dates to the 1954 book 神代史の新研究 (Jindaishi no Shin Kenkyū, “New Research into the Chronicles of the Age of Gods”) by Kurakichi Shiratori. A possible flaw is that isao derives from older adjectival form isawoshi, and further truncation from isao to isa might seem unlikely. However, isa is found as a root in other words such as 勇める (isameru, “to add power to: to encourage, to urge onwards”) or 鯨, 勇魚 (isana, “whale”, apparently isa “power” + na “fish”).
* izana as alteration of ishana in Buddhist term 伊舎那天 (Ishanaten, the ruler of the sixth heaven of the realm of cravings) + き (ki, “male”)
*: This theory is one of the older ones, dating to a text in 1339 by Kitabatake Chikafusa, the 神皇正統記 (Jinnō Shōtōki, “Chronicles of the Authentic Lineages of the Divine Emperors”). The ishana in Ishanaten is a borrowing from Sanskrit ईशान (īśāna, “lord, ruler”), which is suggestively also used in Sanskrit as an epithet for Vishnu, the Hindu god of creation and existence. A possible flaw is that it may be unlikely to use a borrowed Buddhist term for a native creation god. However, Buddhism arrived in Japan around 552 (possibly even centuries earlier), or at least some 160 years before the first mention of Izanagi, perhaps leaving time for borrowed words to gain acceptance.

com

(Japanese mythology) Izanagi, the Japanese creator god, and the father of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi and Susanoo


ルナ

(Roman mythology) The goddess of the Moon, Luna.


ディアーナ

ja-pos

ディアーナ • (Diāna)


神楽女

An unmarried woman who serves at a Shintō shrine, helping to receive visitors and performing 神楽 (kagura) dances at ceremonies, among other responsibilities.


御籠もり

御籠もり (canonical)
o-komori (romanization)

From 御 (o-, honorific prefix) + 籠もり (komori, “shutting oneself, secluding oneself”).

prefix

(Shinto, Buddhism, polite) a retirement for prayer to a kami or buddha


御籠もり

御籠もりする (canonical)
o-komori suru (romanization)
御籠もりし (stem)
御籠もりした (past)

(Shinto, Buddhism, polite) to retire and pray


神楽

/kamu kura/ → /kankura/ → /kaŋɡura/ → /kaɡura/
From Old Japanese.
Originally a compound of 神 (kamu, “spirit, god”, combining form) + 座 (kura, “seat”). The kura changes to gura as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
The original compound referred to the place used to call down the 神 (kami, “spirits and gods”) to earth, when a 巫女 (miko, “shrine maiden”) would act as a medium for the kami. Over time, the term came to refer to the music and dance of the ceremony. The use of the 楽 character here is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), reflecting the change in meaning.

roughly

Kagura Uta: Juggling to Entertain the Gods

also known as Yamada Yama and site of Yamada Jinja

神楽月

alternate name for the eleventh lunar month

神楽坂

a place in the east of Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo

神楽笹: alternate name of 阿亀笹

Shibataea kumasaca, a species of short leafy bamboo

or 唐竹蘭

a species of fairy bell, Disporum cantoniense

red-light district euphemism for hairiness

神楽舎

the roofed stage at a shrine or imperial palace for performing kagura

神楽巫女, 神楽神子

a woman, generally unmarried, who performs kagura

神楽銭

money received in thanks for a kagura performance

神楽草: alternate name for 狐の孫

Justicia procumbens, also known as water willow

神楽太鼓

large taiko drum used in kagura performances

(Shinto) sacred dancing and music performed at Shintō ceremonies, often by miko, to honor Shintō spirits and gods


伊邪那美命

ja-pos

伊邪那美命(いざなみ) or 伊邪那美命(イザナミ) • (Izanami)

伊邪那美命 (canonical)
伊邪那美命 (canonical)
Izanami (romanization)

(Shinto): Izanami, the Japanese creator goddess; the wife of Izanagi.


伊弉冉尊

伊(い)弉(ざ)冉(な)尊(み) or 伊弉冉尊(イザナミ) • (Izanami)

伊弉冉尊 (canonical)
伊弉冉尊 (canonical)
Izanami (romanization)

(Shinto) Izanami, the Japanese creator goddess; the wife of Izanagi.


木花開耶姫

木花開耶姫(このはなのさくやひめ) or 木花開耶姫(このはなのさくやびめ) • (Konohananosakuya-Hime or Konohananosakuya-Bime)

木花開耶姫 (canonical)
木花開耶姫 (canonical)
Konohananosakuya-Hime (romanization)
Konohananosakuya-Bime (romanization)

From Old Japanese. Mentioned in the Kojiki of 712 and the Nihon Shoki of 720.
Compound of 木 (ko, “tree”, ancient combining form) + の (no, possessive particle) + 花 (hana, “flower”) + 咲く (saku, “to bloom”) + や (ya, unclear, possibly the ya used to form classical -na adjectives referring to the perception of a state) + 姫 (hime, “princess”).
Also encountered with a shifted reading, wherein the hime changes to bime as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) the goddess of Mount Fuji, the blossom-princess and symbol of delicate earthly life

Kojiki
Konohanasakuya-hime
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Shoki
ja:木花開耶姫


寿老人

(Shinto) Jurōjin, Japanese god of longevity

恵比須

god of fishers or merchants, often depicted carrying a sea bream.

布袋

the fat and happy god of abundance and good health.

弁才天

The Japanese name for the Hindu goddess Saraswati. The goddess of knowledge, art, beauty, music, language, wisdom, poetry and rivers.

吉祥天

the goddess of happiness, charm and beauty, of fertility, nature, and of human creativity, and the patronesses of joy, amusement and festivities.

大黒

the god of wealth, commerce and trade. Ebisu and Daikoku are often paired and represented as carvings or masks on the walls of small retail shops.


大黒

(Shinto, たいこく) Daikokuten, Japanese name for the Hindu god Mahākāla


毘沙門

[bʲiɕa̠mõ̞ɴ]

(Shinto) Bishamonten, Japanese name for the Hindu god Vaiśravaṇa


恵比須

ja-pos

恵(え)比(び)須(す) or 恵比須(ゑびす) • (Ebisu) ^(←えびす (Ebisu)?)

恵比須 (canonical)
恵比須 (canonical)
Ebisu (romanization)
えびす (hiragana historical)

(Shinto, Japanese mythology) Ebisu, the Japanese god of fishermen, commerce and merchants, and workingmen, as well as the guardian of the health and well-being of small children

福禄寿

the god of happiness, wealth and longevity

毘沙門, 毘沙門天

毘沙門天 びしゃもんてん

布袋

the fat and happy god of abundance and good health

弁才天

Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge, art, beauty, music, language, wisdom, poetry and rivers

吉祥天

the goddess of happiness, charm and beauty, of fertility, nature, and of human creativity, and the patronesses of joy, amusement and festivities

地蔵

bodhisattva who looks over children and travelers


布袋

(Shinto) Hotei, Budai, the fat and happy god of abundance and good health

弁財天: the Japanese name for the Hindu goddess Saraswati

毘沙門天

毘沙門天 びしゃもんてん

大黒, 大黒天

the god of wealth, commerce and trade. Ebisu and Daikoku are often paired and represented as carvings or masks on the walls of small retail shops


ガールズラブ

→ English: girls' love, GL

→ Chinese: GL

[ɡa̠ːɾɯ̟zɨɾa̠bɯ̟]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from girls + love


アルキメデス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀρχιμήδης (Arkhimḗdēs)


曼荼羅

Ultimately from Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala, literally “circle”). The kanji is ateji (当て字), from Chinese 曼荼羅／曼荼罗 (màntúluó).


世界恐慌

世界恐慌 (canonical)
sekaikyōkō (romanization)

Compound of 世界 (sekai, “world”) + 恐慌 (kyōkō, “panic”).


内人

(Shinto) a priest ranked below 禰宜(ねぎ) (negi, “second priest”) and 神主(かんぬし) (kannushi, “chief priest”) in a Shinto shrine


別天津神

ja-noun

別(こと)天(あま)津(つ)神(かみ) • (koto ama tsu kami)

別天津神 (canonical)
koto ama tsu kami (romanization)

Compound of 異 (koto, “different, separate”) + 天 (ama, “heaven”, ancient compounding reading) + つ (tsu, ancient possessive particle) + 神 (kami, “god, spirit”).
The use of 別 to spell koto is an example of semantic jukujikun (熟字訓). The use of 津 to spell the particle tsu is an example of phonetic ateji (当て字).

compound

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the collective name for the five gods that came into existence at the time of the creation of the universe


ゾロアスター教

ゾロアスター教 (canonical)
Zoroasutā-kyō (romanization)


だいもん

ダイモーン ダイモーン#Japanese

ダイモン: alternate for ダイモーン (daimōn): (Greek mythology) a daimon; a tutelary spirit that guides a person; a genius


アイオロス

(Greek mythology) Aeolus (character in Greek mythology)


にじこん

二次コン: (anime, manga) The feeling or opinion that two-dimensional anime or manga characters are more attractive (visually, physically or emotionally) than real-life people.


南北戦争

南北戦争 (canonical)
Nanboku Sensō (romanization)

[nã̠mbo̞kɯ̟ sẽ̞ɰ̃so̞ː]

American Civil War (civil war in the United States (1861–1865))


アンソロジー

[ã̠ɰ̃so̞ɾo̞ʑiː]

(manga, specifically) official fan work collection


ライン

Borrowed from Korean 라인 (rain, “members with a shared characteristic”), from English line.

bor+

(South Korean idol fandom) line (group of people born in a certain year; liners)


バラモン

[ba̠ɾa̠mõ̞ɴ]

Perhaps from Sanskrit ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) via Chinese 婆羅門／婆罗门 (póluómén).


ビュザンティオン

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Βυζάντιον (Buzántion)


東ローマ帝国

ja-pos

ひがし ローマ ていこく

東(ひがし)ローマ帝(てい)国(こく) • (Higashi Rōma Teikoku)

東ローマ帝国 (canonical)
Higashi Rōma Teikoku (romanization)

From 東 (higashi, “east”) + ローマ帝国 (Rōma Teikoku, “Roman Empire”).


せんにん

(Taoism) immortal mountain fairy or wizard.


少年愛

ja:少年愛
ja:少年愛 (少女漫画)

少年愛 (canonical)
shōnen'ai (romanization)

[ɕo̞ːnẽ̞ɰ̃a̠i]

少(しょう)年(ねん) (shōnen, “boy”) + 愛(あい) (ai, “love”)

ja-compound

(manga) yaoi, boy's love, shounen ai (a subgenre of manga depicting love affairs between young men or boys)


カルトゥーシュ

[ka̠ɾɯ̟tɯ̟ːɕɨ]


鍛冶神

Compound of 鍛冶 (kaji, “forge”) + 神 (shin, “god”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Kajishin, the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing


天津麻羅

ja-pos

天(あま)津(つ)麻(ま)羅(ら) or 天津麻羅(アマツマラ) • (Amatsumara)

天津麻羅 (canonical)
天津麻羅 (canonical)
Amatsumara (romanization)

Phrase consisting of 天 (ama, “heaven”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + まら (mara). The 津 is ateji. The mara portion is of unknown origin, but theories include:
* Alteration from 目占 (meura, “eye divination”), suggesting one-eyed, from how a smith will visually check the temperature of the working metal by looking at it with one eye, or possibly from the way that many smiths lose an eye in the course of their work.
* From a Mongolian word mara meaning iron.
* From Sanskrit-derived Buddhist term 摩羅 (mara, “penis”), by metaphor for a smith's hammer.
The second theory is problematic, as there does not appear to be any Mongolian term with a pronunciation similar to mara that means iron, or even steel or metal or smith. The third theory is problematic as the Buddhist term came into Japanese later than the formative period for myths naming Amatsumara. Thus, if the first theory is accepted as the most likely, Amatsumara is likely the same god as 天目一個 (Amanomahitotsu, literally “heaven's one-eyed”).

compound

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Amatsumara, the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing

天目一箇

天目一箇 あまのまひとつ


閻魔

閻魔 (canonical)
閻魔 (canonical)
Enma (romanization)

From Middle Chinese 閻魔 (MC yem ma), from Sanskrit यम (yamá). Doublet of 夜摩 (Yama).

(Shinto): Enma, the Japanese name for Yama, the Buddhist and Chinese god who presides over naraku (hell).

閻魔大王

閻魔大王 えんまだいおう


迦具土

ja-pos

迦(か)具(ぐ)土(つち) or 迦具土(カグツチ) • (Kagutsuchi)

迦具土 (canonical)
迦具土 (canonical)
Kagutsuchi (romanization)

[ka̠ɡɯ̟t͡sɨ̥t͡ɕi]

Originally an Old Japanese compound of かぐ (kagu, obsolete verb root meaning “to shine, to sparkle”, seen in modern verbs 耀う kagayou, 輝く kagayaku “to shine, to sparkle”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + ち (chi, “power, life force”, found as root component in terms 命 inochi “life”, 力 chikara “power, strength”). The kanji are ateji (当て字).

com

(Japanese mythology) Kagutsuchi (the fire god, who, when he was born, burnt his mother 伊弉冉 (Izanami)'s genitals, injured her, caused her to spontaneously birth more gods from her vomit, and eventually killed her, which then caused him to be killed by his father 伊弉諾 (Izanagi))


ネーム

ja-noun

ネーム • (nēmu)

2009 January 10, Tsugumi Ohba with Obata, Takeshi, “３(さん)ページ ペンとネーム [Page 3: Pens and Names]”, in BAKUMAN(バクマン)。 [BAKUMAN.], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 104:

It’s basically a rough sketch for manga. First you make one and show it to the editor, and only if it’s okayed can you go ahead with the draft. You may have to do it over a couple of times till it gets okayed. Though good manga artists can just pass with the storyboard alone.

マンガの下描きみたいなもん まずこれを描いて編集者に見せてＯＫが出たら初めて原稿にできる ＯＫが出るまでは何度でも描き直し もっともネームで見せていいのはマンガ家としての才能を認められた奴な

Manga no shitagaki mitai na mon Mazu kore o kaite henshūsha ni misete ōkē ga detara hajimete genkō ni dekiru ōkē ga deru made wa nando demo kakinaoshi Motto mo nēmu de misete ii no wa mangaka toshite no sainō o mitomerareta yatsu na

(manga) a manga storyboard, focusing on the words in the speech or thought bubbles to help determine the drawing and frame layout


八幡神

八幡神 (canonical)
Hachimanjin (romanization)

(mythology, Shinto) the Japanese god of archery and tutelary deity to samurai


八幡

(Shinto mythology) Short for 八幡神 (Hachimanjin): the Japanese god of archery and tutelary deity to samurai

八幡神

(Shinto) Short for 八幡宮 (Hachimangū): a shrine to Hachimanjin


木花咲耶姫

ja-pos

木花咲耶姫(このはなのさくやひめ) or 木花咲耶姫(コノハナノサクヤヒメ) • (Konohananosakuya-Hime)

木花咲耶姫 (canonical)
木花咲耶姫 (canonical)
Konohananosakuya-Hime (romanization)

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the goddess of Mount Fuji, the blossom-princess and symbol of delicate earthly life


ラーオコオーン

ラーオコオーン • (Rāokoōn)

[ɾa̠ːo̞ko̞õ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Λαοκόων (Laokóōn)


ディズニー

ja-pos

ディズニー • (Dizunī)

A transliteration of the English surname Disney


エルサレム

[e̞ɾɯ̟sa̠ɾe̞mɯ̟]

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


ガイア

(Greek mythology) Gaia/Gaea, the Greek goddess of the earth.


八百万

ja-noun

八(や)百(お)万(よろず) • (yaoyorozu) ^(←やほよろづ (yafoyorodu)?)

八百万 (canonical)
yaoyorozu (romanization)
yafoyorodu (romanization)
やほよろづ (hiragana historical)

八百(やお) (yao, “eight hundred”) + 万(よろず) (yorozu, “ten thousand”)

ja-compound

(Shinto) eight million, used to depict the number of kami


天目一箇

ja-pos

天目一箇(あまのまひとつ) or 天目一箇(アマノマヒトツ) • (Amanomahitotsu)

天目一箇 (canonical)
天目一箇 (canonical)
Amanomahitotsu (romanization)

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing


結びの神

結びの神 (canonical)
Musubi no Kami (romanization)

Originally 産霊 (musuhi, “motive force, life force”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 神 (kami, “god, spirit”). The musuhi portion is itself a compound of 産す (musu, “to happen, to develop, to grow”) + 霊 (hi, “mystical power”).
Musuhi no Kami is one of the kami of creation, responsible for producing heaven and earth and all things. The musuhi (“mystic power of growth”) eventually changed into musubi (“tying together”). The 結び spelling for this portion is an example of ateji. In popular culture, this kami is now responsible for romantic matchmaking.

compound

⇒ 産霊の神 (Musuhi no Kami)

(Japanese mythology, Shinto): one of the Japanese gods of creation


大山積命

ja-pos

^おおやまつみ の ^みこと

大山積命(おおやまつみのみこと) • (Ōyamatsumi no Mikoto) ^(←おほやまつみのみこと (Ofoyamatuminomikoto)?)

大山積命 (canonical)
Ōyamatsumi no Mikoto (romanization)
Ofoyamatuminomikoto (romanization)
おほやまつみのみこと (hiragana historical)

Originally a compound of 大 (ō, “great”) + 山 (yama, “mountain”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 神 (mi, “god, spirit”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 命 (mikoto, honorific epithet for gods). The use of 積 (tsumi, “packing; piling; loading”) to spell the tsu mi portion is an example of phonetic ateji.

compound

大山祇: (mythology, Shinto) the kami of the mountains, brother of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi, and Susanoo


数論

数論 (canonical)
sūron (romanization)
すろん (alternative hiragana)
suron (Rōmaji alternative hiragana)

数 (sū; su, “number”) + 論 (-ron, “theory”)

suf

サーンキヤ サーンキヤ#Japanese

(Hinduism, philosophy) Synonym of サーンキヤ (Sānkya, “Samkhya”)


神馬

ja-noun

神(しん)馬(め) or 神(しん)馬(ば) • (shinme or shinba)

神馬 (canonical)
神馬 (canonical)
shinme (romanization)
shinba (romanization)

horse, or sometimes ema, used to offer sacrifices in Japanese Shinto


月桂

(Chinese mythology) the laurel tree that grows on the moon


化け猫

Compound of 化け (bake, “transformation, taking the form of; monster”, stem of verb 化ける (bakeru, “to transform, to change into something else”)) + 猫 (neko, “cat”).

compound

stem of verb <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">化ける</i> (bakeru, “to transform, to change into something else”)

In Japanese folklore, this entity was believed to be a magical cat, sometimes capable of transforming itself into a person or various other forms.

(Japanese mythology) a monster cat; a goblin cat; a cat with magical powers


大黒天

大黒天 (canonical)
Daikokuten (romanization)

Middle Chinese 大黑天 (literally “Great Black Deva”)

der

(Buddhism, Shinto) Daikokuten, Japanese name for the Buddhist god Mahākāla

弁才天

The Japanese name for the Hindu and Buddhist goddess Saraswati. The goddess of knowledge, art, beauty, music, language, wisdom, poetry and rivers.


古神道

ja-pos

古(こ)神(しん)道(とう) • (Koshintō) ^(←こしんたう (Kosintau)?)

古神道 (canonical)
Koshintō (romanization)
Kosintau (romanization)
こしんたう (hiragana historical)

Compound of 古 (ko, “old”) + 神道 (shintō, “Shintō”).

This focuses on Shintō as expressed mainly in classical writings such as the Kojiki; the Nihon Shoki; records of court ceremony, laws, and customs written by members of the Fujiwara clan in the 900s through 1100s CE, primarily the Engishiki, and the Daiki (台記) memoirs of Fujiwara no Yorinaga; and the Man'yōshū.

(religion, Shinto) a reconstruction of Shintō as practiced originally before any influence from Buddhism or Confucianism


七福神

七福神 (canonical)
Shichi Fukujin (romanization)

(Shinto, Buddhism) the Seven Gods of Good Fortune


大国主命

^おおくにぬし-の-みこと

大国主命 (canonical)
Ōkuninushi-no-mikoto (romanization)

(mythology, religion, Shinto): A kami of nation-building, farming, business, and medicine, as well as love and good matches. His wife is Suseri-hime, the daughter of Susanoo.


としがみ

年神, 歳神: (Shinto) a god of rich harvests, celebrated in rural areas


としがみ

年神, 歳神: (Shinto) the god of the coming year, celebrated at New Years


年神

(mythology, Shinto): the kami associated with a new year


三宝荒神

三(さん)宝(ぼう)荒(こう)神(じん) • (Sanbō Kōjin) ^(←さんぼうくわうじん (Sanboukwauzin)?)

三宝荒神 (canonical)
Sanbō Kōjin (romanization)
Sanboukwauzin (romanization)
さんぼうくわうじん (hiragana historical)

[sã̠mbo̞ː ko̞ːʑĩɴ]

(Japanese mythology, Shinto): the Japanese god of fire, the hearth, and the kitchen


大国主

大(おお)国(くに)主(ぬし) • (Ōkuninushi) ^(←おほくにぬし (Ofokuninusi)?)

大国主 (canonical)
Ōkuninushi (romanization)
Ofokuninusi (romanization)
おほくにぬし (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːkɯ̟ɲ̟inɯ̟ɕi]

Compound of 大 (ō, “great, grand”) + 国 (kuni, “country, nation”) + 主 (nushi, “lord; spirit or kami in charge of something”).

compound

(Shinto, mythology, Japanese mythology) a kami of nation-building, agriculture, medicine, and protective magic


骨女

(Shinto): a bone woman: a female apparition who appears as a skeletal woman

雨女

a woman whose presence always seems to bring rain


隠身

ja-noun

隠身(かくりみ) or 隠身(かくれみ) • (kakurimi or kakuremi)

隠身 (canonical)
隠身 (canonical)
kakurimi (romanization)
kakuremi (romanization)

(mythology, Shinto) hidden form, invisible form; metaphysical form (of a deity)


白無垢

白無垢 (canonical)
shiromuku (romanization)

[ɕiɾo̞mɯ̟kɯ̟]

Compound of 白 (shiro, “white”) + 無垢 (muku, “purity, immaculateness; unpatterned cloth that is all the same color, particularly a kimono with the same color inside and out”).

compound

(Shinto, weddings) a formal, ornate, brocaded, traditional pure-white-on-white type of bridal kimono


伏羲

ja-pos

伏(ふっ)羲(き) or 伏(ふく)羲(ぎ) • (Fukki or Fukugi) ^(←ふくき (Fukuki)?)

伏羲 (canonical)
伏羲 (canonical)
Fukki (romanization)
Fukugi (romanization)
Fukuki (romanization)
ふくき (hiragana historical)

2000 November 2, Ryū Fujisaki, “第(だい)190(ひゃくきゅうじゅう)回(かい) 歴(れき)史(し)の道(みち)標(しるべ)十(じゅう)六(ろく)—伏(ふっ)羲(き)— [Chapter 190: History’s Guidepost Sixteen: Fuxi]”, in 封(ほう)神(しん)演(えん)義(ぎ) [Investiture of the Gods], volume 22 (fiction; paperback), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 85:

My name is Fuxi!! And I am the first human!!!

我が名は伏羲‼始まりの人が一人である!!!

Waga na wa Fukki‼ Hajimari no hito ga hitori de aru!!!


オレイアス

[o̞ɾe̞ːa̠sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὀρειάς (Oreiás).

lbor

(Greek mythology) and oread, a mountain nymph and companion of Artemis


炎帝

(Chinese mythology) the Yan Emperor, also known as 神農 (Shinnō, “Shennong”), a legendary Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic times


尾閭

(Chinese mythology) a hole that is said to be located at the bottom of the ocean where all water is endlessly leaking away without ever being exhausted.


大山積神

ja-pos

^おおやまつみ の ^かみ

大山積神(おおやまつみのかみ) • (Ōyamatsumi no Kami) ^(←おほやまつみのかみ (Ofoyamatuminokami)?)

大山積神 (canonical)
Ōyamatsumi no Kami (romanization)
Ofoyamatuminokami (romanization)
おほやまつみのかみ (hiragana historical)

Originally a compound of 大 (ō, “great”) + 山 (yama, “mountain”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 神 (mi, “god, spirit”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 神 (kami, “god, spirit”, also used as an honorific epithet for gods). The use of 積 (tsumi, “packing; piling; loading”) to spell the tsu mi portion is an example of phonetic ateji.


大山祇

ja-pos

大山祇(おおやまつみ) • (Ōyamatsumi) ^(←おほやまつみ (Ofoyamatumi)?)

大山祇 (canonical)
Ōyamatsumi (romanization)
Ofoyamatumi (romanization)
おほやまつみ (hiragana historical)

Originally a compound of 大 (ō, “great”) + 山 (yama, “mountain”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 神 (mi, “god, spirit”).

compound

(mythology, Shinto, Japanese mythology) the kami of the mountains, brother of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi, and Susanoo

大山積命

大山積命 おおやまつみのみこと

大山積神

大山積神 おおやまつみのかみ


八咫烏

八咫烏 (canonical)
Yatagarasu (romanization)
やたのからす (alternative hiragana)
Yata no Karasu (Rōmaji)

(Shinto) sacred three legged raven in Japanese mythology


八岐大蛇

ja-pos

八岐大蛇(やまたのおろち) or 八岐大蛇(ヤマタノオロチ) • (Yamata no Orochi) ^(←やまたのをろち (Yamatanoworoti) or ヤマタノヲロチ (Yamatanoworoti)?)

八岐大蛇 (canonical)
八岐大蛇 (canonical)
Yamatanoworoti (romanization)
やまたのをろち (hiragana historical)
ヤマタノヲロチ (hiragana historical)

From 八(や) (ya, “eight”) + 股(また) (mata, “crotch, branch, fork”) + 大蛇(おろち) (orochi, “python, large snake”). 岐 and 大蛇(おろち) (orochi) are jukujikun (熟字訓); see the latter for more.

ja-compound

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Yamata no Orochi, a legendary dragon that was slain by Susanoo


スパルタ

ja:スパルタ (曖昧さ回避)

[sɨ̥pa̠ɾɯ̟ta̠]

Sparta (an ancient city-state in Greece)


西夏

the Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227); the Tangut Empire


ラブライバー

Blend of Japanese ラブライブ！ (Rabu Raibu!, “Love Live!”) and English -er; equivalent to Love-Liver.

noncog

(neologism) A fan of the Love Live! franchise.


外伝

『とある科学の超電磁砲』は『とある魔術の禁書目録』の外伝である。

“Toaru Kagaku no Rērugan” wa “Toaru Majutsu no Indekkusu” no gaiden de aru.

A Certain Scientific Railgun is a spin-off of A Certain Magical Index.


野衾

野衾 (canonical)
野衾 (canonical)
nobusuma (romanization)

野 (no-, “wild”) + 衾 (fusuma, “quilt”). The fusuma changes to busuma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

(Japanese folklore) Monster, 妖怪 (yōkai), resembling a Japanese giant flying squirrel or large bat said to eat tree fruits, blood of living creatures and fire

Another name for 鼯鼠 (musasabi): Japanese giant flying squirrel (Petaurista leucogenys)

Another name for モモンガ (momonga): flying squirrel


篝屋

Compound of 篝(かがり) (kagari, “brazier; watchfire”) + 屋(や) (ya, “house”).

ja-com

guardhouse for the Kamakura defenders during the Kamakura period, where watchfires were lit at intersections in the night; warrior stationed at the guardhouse


ピタゴラス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πυθαγόρας (Puthagóras)

lbor

Pythagoras (Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher)


織姫

From 織り (ori, “weaving”, stem of 織る (oru, “to weave”)) + 姫 (hime, “princess; lady”), a calque of Chinese 織女／织女 (zhīnǚ, literally “Weaver Girl”).

af

stem of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">織る</i> (oru, “to weave”)

cal

Weaver Girl
w:The Weaver Girl and the Cowherd

(Japanese mythology, folklore) Orihime; "Weaver Princess" (Japanese version of the Chinese Weaver Girl)


彦星

From 彦 (hiko, “prince; lord”) + 星 (hoshi, “star”).

af

Cowherd
w:The Weaver Girl and the Cowherd

(Japanese mythology, folklore) Hikoboshi (Japanese version of the Chinese Cowherd)


山姥

ja-noun

山(やま)姥(うば) or 山(やま)姥(んば) • (yamauba or yamanba)

山姥 (canonical)
山姥 (canonical)
yamauba (romanization)
yamanba (romanization)

山 (yama, “mountain”) + 姥 (uba, “old woman”).

com

1999 October 15, Rumiko Takahashi, “第(だい)４(よん)話(わ) 地(じ)念(ねん)児(じ) [Chapter 4: Jinenji]”, in [犬](いぬ)[夜](や)[叉](しゃ) [Inuyasha], volume 12 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 77:

山姥⁉

山姥⁉

山姥⁉


百鬼夜行

ja-noun

百(ひゃっ)鬼(き)夜(や)行(ぎょう) • (hyakki yagyō) ^(←ひやくくゐやぎやう (fyakukwi yagyau)?)

百(ひゃっ)鬼(き)夜(や)行(こう) • (hyakki yakō) ^(←ひやくくゐやかう (fyakukwi yakau)?)

百鬼夜行 (canonical)
hyakki yagyō (romanization)
fyakukwi yagyau (romanization)
ひやくくゐやぎやう (hiragana historical)
百鬼夜行 (canonical)
hyakki yakō (romanization)
fyakukwi yakau (romanization)
ひやくくゐやかう (hiragana historical)

[ça̠k̚ʲkʲi ja̠ɡʲo̞ː]

(Japanese mythology) the Night Parade of a Hundred Demons


牛頭馬頭

ja-pos

牛(ご)頭(ず)馬(め)頭(ず) • (Gozu Mezu) ^(←ごづめづ (Godumedu)?)

牛頭馬頭 (canonical)
Gozu Mezu (romanization)
Godumedu (romanization)
ごづめづ (hiragana historical)

From 牛頭 (Gozu, “Ox-Head”) + 馬頭 (Mezu, “Horse-Head”). Compare Chinese 牛頭馬面／牛头马面 (niútóumǎmiàn, literally “Ox-Head and Horse-Face”).

zh-l

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology, Japanese mythology) Ox-Head and Horse-Face, the two guardians of hell


牛頭

牛頭 (canonical)
Gozu (romanization)
Godu (romanization)
ごづ (hiragana historical)

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology, Japanese mythology) Ox-Head, one of the two guardians of hell


海坊主

ja-noun

海(うみ)坊(ぼう)主(ず) • (umibōzu) ^(←うみばうず (umibauzu)?)

海坊主 (canonical)
umibōzu (romanization)
umibauzu (romanization)
うみばうず (hiragana historical)

an umibōzu, a type of round-headed sea monster


英雄時代

英雄時代 (canonical)
Eiyū Jidai (romanization)


黄金時代

ja-pos

黄(おう)金(ごん)時(じ)代(だい) • (Ōgon Jidai) ^(←わうごんじだい (Waugonzidai)?)

黄金時代 (canonical)
Ōgon Jidai (romanization)
Waugonzidai (romanization)
わうごんじだい (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːɡo̞ɲ̟ d͡ʑida̠i]

From 黄金 (ōgon, “gold”) + 時代 (jidai, “age”).


ビジュアルノベル

→ English: visual novel

→ Korean: 비주얼 노벨 (bijueol nobel)

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from visual + novel


女媧

女媧 (canonical)
Joka (romanization)
Dyokwa (romanization)
ぢよくわ (hiragana historical)


女郎蜘蛛

ja-noun

女(じょ)郎(ろう)蜘蛛(ぐも) or 女郎蜘蛛(ジョロウグモ) • (jorōgumo) ^(←じよらうぐも (zyoraugumo) or ジヨラウグモ (zyoraugumo)?)

女郎蜘蛛 (canonical)
女郎蜘蛛 (canonical)
jorōgumo (romanization)
zyoraugumo (romanization)
じよらうぐも (hiragana historical)
ジヨラウグモ (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑo̞ɾo̞ːɡɯ̟mo̞]

女郎 (jorō, “prostitute”) + 蜘蛛 (kumo, “spider”). The kumo changes to gumo as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


ライトノベル

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 輕小說／轻小说 (qīngxiǎoshuō) (calque)

→ English: light novel (calque)

→ Korean: 라이트 노벨 (raiteu nobel)

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from light + novel


サテュロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σάτυρος (sáturos).


ファウヌス

[ɸa̠ɯ̟nɯ̟sɨ]


ファウヌス

[ɸa̠ɯ̟nɯ̟sɨ]


三皇五帝

ja-pos

三(さん)皇(こう)五(ご)帝(てい) • (Sankō Gotei) ^(←さんくわうごてい (Sankwaugotei)?)

三皇五帝 (canonical)
Sankō Gotei (romanization)
Sankwaugotei (romanization)
さんくわうごてい (hiragana historical)

[sã̠ŋko̞ː ɡo̞te̞ː]


土蜘蛛

土蜘蛛 (canonical)
土蜘蛛 (canonical)
tsuchigumo (romanization)

[t͡sɨ̥t͡ɕiɡɯ̟mo̞]

土 (tsuchi, “soil”) + 蜘蛛 (kumo, “spider”, jukujikun (熟字訓)).

com

jukujikun (<i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">熟字訓</i>)

tsuchigumo, a member of a race of spider-like yokai


ハーデース

ja-pos

ハーデース • (Hādēsu)


ヘーラクレース

ヘーラクレース • (Hērakurēsu)

[he̞ːɾa̠kɯ̟ɾe̞ːsɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês)


ポセイドーン

[po̞se̞ːdõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ποσειδῶν (Poseidôn)


ユーピテル

[jɯ̟ːpʲite̞ɾɯ̟]

Learned borrowing from Latin Iūpiter, Jūpiter


ネプトゥーヌス

[ne̞pɯ̟tɯ̟ːnɯ̟sɨ]


千里眼

[sẽ̞n̺ɾʲiɡã̠ɴ]

Literary Chinese 千里眼 (qiānlǐyǎn, literally “thousand-mile eyes”)


ウーラノス

[ɯ̟ːɾa̠no̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós)


ヘルメース

[he̞ɾɯ̟me̞ːsɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἑρμῆς (Hermês)


剣闘士

From 剣 (ken, “sword”) + 闘士 (tōshi, “fighter”).

com

グラディアトル グラディアトル#Japanese

(historical) Synonym of グラディアトル (guradiatoru): a gladiator


自来也

Generally believed to be from the nickname of a legendary Chinese thief 我來也 recorded in 《諧史》 (13th century). The thief was said to write "I have come" ("我來也") everywhere he committed theft. 我 was changed to a near-synonym 自 in the earliest Japanese spin-off 自来也説話 (1806).


狻猊

ja-noun

狻(さん)猊(げい) or 狻(しゅん)猊(げい) • (sangei or shungei)

狻猊 (canonical)
狻猊 (canonical)
sangei (romanization)
shungei (romanization)

(Chinese mythology) a suanni, a cross between a dragon and a lion


狻猊

ja-pos

狻(さん)猊(げい) or 狻(しゅん)猊(げい) • (Sangei or Shungei)

狻猊 (canonical)
狻猊 (canonical)
Sangei (romanization)
Shungei (romanization)

(Chinese mythology) the suanni that was one of the nine sons of the dragon


イアーソーン

イアーソーン • (Iāsōn)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἰάσων (Iásōn)


ピュグマイオイ

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πυγμαῖοι (Pugmaîoi).


無為

ja-adj

無(ぶ)為(い) • (bui) ^(←ぶゐ (bwi)?)-na (adnominal 無(ぶ)為(い)な (bui na), adverbial 無(ぶ)為(い)に (bui ni))

無為 (canonical)
bui (romanization)
bwi (romanization)
無為な (adnominal)
無為に (adverbial)
無為だろ (imperfective stem)
ぶいだろ (imperfective stem)
bui daro (imperfective)
無為で (continuative stem)
ぶいで (continuative stem)
bui de (continuative)
無為だ (stem terminative)
ぶいだ (stem terminative)
bui da (terminative)
無為な (attributive stem)
ぶいな (attributive stem)
bui na (attributive)
無為なら (hypothetical stem)
ぶいなら (hypothetical stem)
bui nara (hypothetical)
無為であれ (imperative stem)
ぶいであれ (imperative stem)
bui de are (imperative)
無為ではない (informal negative)
無為じゃない (informal negative)
ぶいではない (informal negative)
ぶいじゃない (informal negative)
bui de wa nai (informal negative)
bui ja nai (informal negative)
無為だった (informal past)
ぶいだった (informal past)
bui datta (informal past)
無為ではなかった (informal negative past)
無為じゃなかった (informal negative past)
ぶいではなかった (informal negative past)
ぶいじゃなかった (informal negative past)
bui de wa nakatta (informal negative past)
bui ja nakatta (informal negative past)
無為です (formal)
ぶいです (formal)
bui desu (formal)
無為ではありません (formal negative)
無為じゃありません (formal negative)
ぶいではありません (formal negative)
ぶいじゃありません (formal negative)
bui de wa arimasen (formal negative)
bui ja arimasen (formal negative)
無為でした (formal past)
ぶいでした (formal past)
bui deshita (formal past)
無為ではありませんでした (formal negative past)
無為じゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
ぶいではありませんでした (formal negative past)
ぶいじゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
bui de wa arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
bui ja arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
無為で (conjunctive)
ぶいで (conjunctive)
bui de (conjunctive)
無為なら（ば） (conditional)
ぶいなら（ば） (conditional)
bui nara (ba) (conditional)
無為だったら (conditional past)
ぶいだったら (conditional past)
bui dattara (conditional past)
無為だろう (volitional)
ぶいだろう (volitional)
bui darō (volitional)
無為に (adverbial)
ぶいに (adverbial)
bui ni (adverbial)
無為さ (noun-from-adj)
ぶいさ (noun-from-adj)
buisa (noun-from-adj)

ja-adj-infl

無為

. で は ありません でした

. じゃ ありません でした

let nature take its course
let nature take its course

(Taoism) to take no action; to let nature take its course; to adopt a laissez-faire approach


無為

無為 (canonical)
bui (romanization)
bwi (romanization)
ぶゐ (hiragana historical)

letting nature take its course
let nature take its course

(Taoism) taking no action; letting nature take its course; a laissez-faire approach


無為

ja-adj

無(む)為(い) • (mui) ^(←むゐ (mwi)?)-na (adnominal 無(む)為(い)な (mui na), adverbial 無(む)為(い)に (mui ni))

無為 (canonical)
mui (romanization)
mwi (romanization)
無為な (adnominal)
無為に (adverbial)
無為だろ (imperfective stem)
むいだろ (imperfective stem)
mui daro (imperfective)
無為で (continuative stem)
むいで (continuative stem)
mui de (continuative)
無為だ (stem terminative)
むいだ (stem terminative)
mui da (terminative)
無為な (attributive stem)
むいな (attributive stem)
mui na (attributive)
無為なら (hypothetical stem)
むいなら (hypothetical stem)
mui nara (hypothetical)
無為であれ (imperative stem)
むいであれ (imperative stem)
mui de are (imperative)
無為ではない (informal negative)
無為じゃない (informal negative)
むいではない (informal negative)
むいじゃない (informal negative)
mui de wa nai (informal negative)
mui ja nai (informal negative)
無為だった (informal past)
むいだった (informal past)
mui datta (informal past)
無為ではなかった (informal negative past)
無為じゃなかった (informal negative past)
むいではなかった (informal negative past)
むいじゃなかった (informal negative past)
mui de wa nakatta (informal negative past)
mui ja nakatta (informal negative past)
無為です (formal)
むいです (formal)
mui desu (formal)
無為ではありません (formal negative)
無為じゃありません (formal negative)
むいではありません (formal negative)
むいじゃありません (formal negative)
mui de wa arimasen (formal negative)
mui ja arimasen (formal negative)
無為でした (formal past)
むいでした (formal past)
mui deshita (formal past)
無為ではありませんでした (formal negative past)
無為じゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
むいではありませんでした (formal negative past)
むいじゃありませんでした (formal negative past)
mui de wa arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
mui ja arimasen deshita (formal negative past)
無為で (conjunctive)
むいで (conjunctive)
mui de (conjunctive)
無為なら（ば） (conditional)
むいなら（ば） (conditional)
mui nara (ba) (conditional)
無為だったら (conditional past)
むいだったら (conditional past)
mui dattara (conditional past)
無為だろう (volitional)
むいだろう (volitional)
mui darō (volitional)
無為に (adverbial)
むいに (adverbial)
mui ni (adverbial)
無為さ (noun-from-adj)
むいさ (noun-from-adj)
muisa (noun-from-adj)

ja-adj-infl

無為

. で は ありません でした

. じゃ ありません でした


無為

無為 (canonical)
mui (romanization)
mwi (romanization)
むゐ (hiragana historical)


プラトン

[pɯ̟ɾa̠tõ̞ɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πλάτων (Plátōn).


ソクラテス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Σωκράτης (Sōkrátēs).


キュクロープス

[kʲɨkɯ̟ɾo̞ːpɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κύκλωψ (Kúklōps).

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) a cyclops


殺生石

ja-pos

殺(せっ)生(しょう)石(せき) • (Sesshōseki) ^(←せつしやうせき (Setusyauseki)?)

殺生石 (canonical)
Sesshōseki (romanization)
Setusyauseki (romanization)
せつしやうせき (hiragana historical)

Compound of 殺生 (sesshō, “killing”) + 石 (seki, “stone”).


甘露

(Buddhism, figurative) (by extension) Buddha's teachings

(Chinese mythology) a heaven-bestowed elixir of immortality


セイレーン

ja-noun

セイレーン • (seirēn)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Σειρήν (Seirḗn). Doublet of サイレン (sairen).


施主

(Buddhism, Taoism, used by monks and priests, respectful) alms giver; benefactor; patron


ライトセーバー

ja-noun

ライトセーバー • (raitosēbā)


第三帝国

第三帝国 (canonical)
Daisan Teikoku (romanization)


立ち絵

zh-l

立繪／立绘 (lìhuì)

Chinese: 立繪／立绘 (lìhuì)

(anime, manga, video games) full-body standing drawing of a character


挿入歌

(anime) insert song; a piece of incidental music


バットマン

2015, バットマン アーカム・ナイト [Batman: Arkham Knight], spoken by Batman (Shinshū Fuji), Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, via Rocksteady Studios:

I am vengeance! I am the night! I am Batman!

私は「報復」！私は「夜」！私はバットマン！

Watashi wa “hōfuku”! Watashi wa “yoru”! Watashi wa Battoman!


パリス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris)

lbor

ja:パリス (曖昧さ回避)


異世界

→ English: isekai (noun), isekai (verb)

From 異 (i-, “different”) + 世界 (sekai, “world”).


ペーガスス

ペーガソス ペーガソス#Japanese

(Roman mythology) Alternative form of ペーガソス (Pēgasosu, “Pegasus”)


ペルセウス

[pe̞ɾɯ̟se̞ɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Περσεύς (Perseús)


ヘルクレス

[he̞ɾɯ̟kɯ̟ɾe̞sɨ]

ja:ヘラクレス (曖昧さ回避)


ケーペウス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κηφεύς (Kēpheús)


アンドロメダー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀνδρομέδᾱ (Andromédā)


ペーガソス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πήγασος (Pḗgasos)


ケルベルス

[ke̞ɾɯ̟be̞ɾɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Latin Cerberus, from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos).

ケルベロス ケルベロス#Japanese

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) alternative form of ケルベロス (Keruberosu): Cerberus, the mythical three-headed dog


オーリーオーン

ja-pos

オーリーオーン • (Ōrīōn)

[o̞ːɾʲiːõ̞ːɴ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὠρῑ́ων (Ōrī́ōn).


ダックバーグ

[da̠k̚kɯ̟ba̠ːɡɯ̟]

Duckburg (fictional city where Donald Duck lives)


封神演義

封神演義 (canonical)
Hōshin Engi (romanization)

From Chinese 封神演義／封神演义 (Fēngshén Yǎnyì).


ゴッサム

[ɡo̞sːa̠mɯ̟]


たねポケモン

種 (tane, “seed”) + ポケモン (Pokemon, “Pokémon”)


ピカチュウ

Coined as a compound of ピカ (pika, “sparkle”, ultimately from the same root as 光る (hikaru, “to shine; to sparkle”)) + チュー (chū, “squeak”, onomatopoeia). Unrelated to the animal pika (ultimately from Evenki [Term?])

ultimately from the same root as <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">光る</i> (hikaru, “to shine; to sparkle”)


ポケットモンスター

ja-noun

^ポケット ^モンスター

desc

→ Chinese: 口袋妖怪 (Kǒudài Yāoguài) (calque)

→ English: pocket monster

→ Korean: 포켓몬스터 (Pokenmonseuteo)

พ็อกเก็ตมอนสเตอร์

→ Thai: พ็อกเก็ตมอนสเตอร์

→ Thai: พ็อกเก็ตมอนสเตอร์

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from pocket + monster, equivalent to ポケット (poketto) + モンスター (monsutā).

pseudo-loan

2019 July 11, numan, “『ポケットモンスター ソード・シールド』アニメイト限(げん)定(てい)特(とく)典(てん)が決(けっ)定(てい)！限(げん)定(てい)ポストカードがもらえるキャンペーンも [Animate limited edition perks for Pokémon Sword and Shield have been announced! There is also a campaign to get a limited number of postcards.]”, in Niconico News:

The Animate Limited Edition Pokémon Sword and Shield for Nintendo Switch will be available for preorder starting Friday, July 12, 2019! You can't miss the special offers for each download, as well as the special offers for linked purchases and preorder commemoration campaigns.

Nintendo Switch ソフト『ポケットモンスターソード・シールド』のアニメイト限定版が 2019年 7月 12日（金）より予約開始！それぞれのソフトの特典は勿論、連動購入特典、予約開始記念のキャンペーンも見逃せません。

Nintendō Suitchi sofuto “Poketto Monsutā Sōdo Shīrudo” no Animeito genteiban ga nisenjūkyū-nen shichigatsu jūni-nichi (kin) yori yoyaku kaishi! Sorezore no sofuto no tokuten wa mochiron, rendō kōnyū tokuten, yoyaku kaishi kinen no kyanpēn mo minogasemasen.


ナルキッソス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Νάρκισσος (Nárkissos)


シーシュポス

[ɕiːɕɨpo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Σίσυφος (Sísuphos)


エーレクトラー

ja-pos

エーレクトラー • (Ērekutorā)

[e̞ːɾe̞kɯ̟to̞ɾa̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἠλέκτρᾱ (Ēléktrā)


オイディプース

ja-pos

オイディプース • (Oidipūsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Οἰδίπους (Oidípous)


コンスタンティノープル

Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire#English

(history) Constantinople (the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, in modern Turkey)

ja:コンスタンティノープル


ヘーラー

ja-pos

ヘーラー • (Hērā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἥρᾱ (Hḗrā)


ユーノー

ja-pos

ユーノー • (Yūnō)


アプロディーテー

アプロディーテー • (Apurodītē)

[a̠pɯ̟ɾo̞dʲiːte̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē)


レアー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ῥέα (Rhéa)

ティーターン

ギリシア神話のティーターン (Girishia shinwa no Tītān; )


アレス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄρης (Árēs).


ミネルウァ

[mʲine̞ɾɯ̟β̞a̠]


ホメーロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὅμηρος (Hómēros)


スーパーマン

ja-pos

スーパーマン • (Sūpāman)

[sɨːpa̠ːmã̠ɴ]

1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “わが子・スーパーマン [My Son Is Superman]”, in カンビュセスの籤(くじ) [Cambyses’s Drawing] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第二章, page 473:

Come closer, I have something very important to tell you. This will shock you! So listen very carefully. Our son Tadashi… is Superman!!

重大な問題だ もっとこっちへ いいか驚くな！気をたしかにもって聞いてくれよ ウチのタダシはな……スーパーマンだ‼

Jūdai na mondai da Motto kotchi e Ii ka odoroku na! Ki o tashika ni motte kiite kure yo Uchi no Tadashi wa na…… Sūpāman da‼

1989 November 10 [1988 May 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “第一話 スーパーマン襲名 [Chapter 1: Taking on the Mantle of Superman]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・Ｆ・不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 3), 2nd edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第三章 中年スーパーマン左江内氏, page 365:

I am Superman. I am here to help you be Superman, too.

あたしやスーパーマンです あんたをスーパーマンにするためつけまわしておるのです

Atashi ya Sūpāman desu Anta o Sūpāman ni suru tame tsukemawashite oru no desu

1989 November 10 [1988 May 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “第二話 中年はもてる…か？ [Chapter 2: Can a Middle-Aged Man Still Be… Attractive?]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・Ｆ・不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 3), 2nd edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第三章 中年スーパーマン左江内氏, pages 382–383:

One of Superman’s powers is X-ray vision. I can see through at whatever level I want.

スーパーマンの超能力の一つに透視力もあるのだ 必要に応じ何段階にも透視できる

Sūpāman no chōnōryoku no hitotsu ni tōshiryoku mo aru no da Hitsuyō ni ōji nandankai ni mo tōshi dekiru


ミニーマウス

[mʲiɲ̟iː ma̠ɯ̟sɨ]


プルートーン

プルートーン • (Purūtōn)

[pɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːtõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn)


河伯

(Japanese mythology) Synonym of 河童 (kappa)


ムーサ

ja-noun

ムーサ • (Mūsa)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μοῦσα (Moûsa)


ウーラニアー

ja-pos

ウーラニアー • (Ūraniā)

[ɯ̟ːɾa̠ɲ̟ia̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Οὐρανία (Ouranía)


クレイオス

[kɯ̟ɾe̞ːo̞sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κρεῖος (Kreîos)


ヘーパイストス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἥφαιστος (Hḗphaistos)


オーケアノス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὠκεανός (Ōkeanós)


ヘスティアー

ja-pos

ヘスティアー • (Hesutiā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἑστία (Hestía)


アポローン

ja-pos

アポローン • (Aporōn)

[a̠po̞ɾõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀπόλλων (Apóllōn)


デーメーテール

ja-pos

デーメーテール • (Dēmētēru)

[de̞ːme̞ːte̞ːɾɯ̟]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr)


ティーターン

ja-noun

ティーターン • (Tītān)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τιτάν (Titán)


ウゥルカーヌス

[β̞ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ka̠ːnɯ̟sɨ]


イーアペトス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἰαπετός (Iapetós)


テミス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θέμις (Thémis)


コイオス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κοῖος (Koîos)


クロノス

ja:クロノス
ja:クロノス (曖昧さ回避)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κρόνος (Krónos)


クロノス

ja:クロノス (時間の神)
ja:クロノス (曖昧さ回避)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Χρόνος (Khrónos)


テイアー

ja-pos

テイアー • (Teiā)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θεία (Theía)


エラトー

ja-pos

エラトー • (Eratō)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἐρατώ (Eratṓ)


タレイア

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θάλεια (Tháleia)


テーテュース

ja-pos

テーテュース • (Tētyūsu)

[te̞ːtʲɨːsɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τηθύς (Tēthús)


エウテルペー

[e̞ɯ̟te̞ɾɯ̟pe̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Εὐτέρπη (Eutérpē)


カリオペー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Καλλιόπη (Kalliópē)


ヒュペリーオーン

ja-pos

ヒュペリーオーン • (Hyuperīōn)

[çɨpe̞ɾʲiːõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὑπερίων (Huperíōn)


ムネーモシュネー

ja-pos

ムネーモシュネー • (Munēmoshunē)

[mɯ̟ne̞ːmo̞ɕɨne̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μνημοσύνη (Mnēmosúnē)


メルポメネー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μελπομένη (Melpoménē)


テルプシコラー

[te̞ɾɯ̟pɯ̟ɕiko̞ɾa̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τερψιχόρα (Terpsikhóra)


クレイオー

ja-pos

クレイオー • (Kureiō)

[kɯ̟ɾe̞ːo̞ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κλειώ (Kleiṓ)


ポリュムニアー

[po̞ɾʲɨmɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠ː]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πολυμνία (Polumnía)


ポイベー

ja-pos

ポイベー • (Poibē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Φοίβη (Phoíbē)


トート

ja-pos

トート • (Tōto)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Θώθ (Thṓth).


アポロー

ja-pos

アポロー • (Aporō)

Learned borrowing from Latin Apollō, from Ancient Greek Ἀπόλλων (Apóllōn)


テーレマコス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Τηλέμαχος (Tēlémakhos)


アガメムノーン

[a̠ɡa̠me̞mɯ̟nõ̞ːɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀγαμέμνων (Agamémnōn)


オデュッセウス

[o̞dʲɨsːe̞ɯ̟sɨ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὀδυσσεύς (Odusseús).


ペーネロペー

ja-pos

ペーネロペー • (Pēneropē)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πηνελόπη (Pēnelópē)


読み切り

読み切り (canonical)
yomikiri (romanization)

Nominalization of the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 読(よ)み切(き)る (yomikiru, “to read completely”).
The manga sense arose from the way that yomikiri comics are standalone story lines that can be read completely in just one volume.

ja-etym-renyokei

(manga) a one-shot, a non-serialised story that is wholly contained in one volume (novel or comic book published as a single, standalone issue)


ダプネー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δάφνη (Dáphnē)


ダイダロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δαίδαλος (Daídalos)


イーカロス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἴκαρος (Íkaros)


ヒュドラー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὕδρα (Húdra)


ヒドラ

ja:ヒドラ
ja:ヒドラ (衛星)


八路軍

八路軍 (canonical)
Hachirogun (romanization)

[ha̠t͡ɕiɾo̞ɡɯ̟̃ɴ]

(military, historical) Eighth Route Army


コマ

齣: (film, animation, manga) a frame of a comic or film


蚩尤

(Chinese mythology) Chiyou (tribal leader of the ancient Nine Li tribe)


キービジュ

ja-noun

キービジュ • (kībiju)

キービジュアル キービジュアル#Japanese


キービジュアル

English: key visual

[kʲiː bʲiʑɨa̠ɾɯ̟]

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from key + visual


明治維新

ja-pos

明(めい)治(じ)維(い)新(しん) • (Meiji Ishin) ^(←めいぢゐしん (Meidiwisin)?)

明治維新 (canonical)
Meiji Ishin (romanization)
Meidiwisin (romanization)
めいぢゐしん (hiragana historical)

→ English: Meiji Restoration (calque)

→ Chinese:

zh-l

明治維新／明治维新 (Míngzhì Wéixīn)

Mandarin: 明治維新／明治维新 (Míngzhì Wéixīn)

[me̞ːʑi iɕĩɴ]


曼陀羅

The kanji is ateji (当て字), from Chinese 曼陀羅／曼陀罗 (màntuóluó).

Alternative spelling of 曼荼羅 (“(Hinduism, Buddhism) mandala”)


玉串

玉(たま) (tama, “treasure(d)”) + 串(くし) (kushi, “branch”).


外法箱

ja-noun

外(げ)法(ほう)箱(ばこ) • (gehōbako) ^(←げほふばこ (gefofubako)?)

外法箱 (canonical)
gehōbako (romanization)
gefofubako (romanization)
げほふばこ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 外法 (gehō, “non-Buddhist ways”, in reference to various traditions centering on tengu and witchcraft) + 箱 (hako, “box, casket, case”). The hako changes to bako as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

compound

a supernatural 'box' for containing paraphernalia for witchcraft and divination, such as dolls and animal and human skulls, used by 歩き巫女 (aruki miko, “itinerant miko”) for spirit channeling and related activities


メドゥーサ

ja-pos

メドゥーサ • (Medūsa)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μέδουσα (Médousa)


⑨

The number 9 enclosed in a circle, used in enumerating lists.


⑨

ja-noun

⑨(まるきゅう) or ⑨(ばか) or ⑨(きゅう) • (maru-kyū or baka or kyū)

⑨ (canonical)
⑨ (canonical)
⑨ (canonical)
maru-kyū (romanization)
baka (romanization)
kyū (romanization)

A diagram of gameplay in the manual of Phantasmagoria of Flower View labelled Cirno with the legend "⑨ (⑨)" and the key "9. Idiot".

2008, “⑨destiny ～ ずっとチルノのターン”, in bit (lyrics), Rebirth, performed by Silver Forest:

⑨って言うな～

(fandom slang, endearing) The Touhou character Cirno, known affectionately as an idiot.


けもフレ

[ke̞mo̞ɸɯ̟ɾe̞]

けものフレンズ w:ja:けものフレンズ

Short for けものフレンズ (“Kemono Friends, a media franchise”).


エロース

ja-pos

エロース • (Erōsu)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἔρως (Érōs)


クピードー

ja-pos

クピードー • (Kupīdō)


姮娥

From Middle Chinese 姮娥 (MC nga, “Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon”).

ltc-l

(Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon


麻姑

(Chinese mythology) Magu (nymph in Chinese mythology)


子泣き爺

子泣き爺 (canonical)
konakijijī (romanization)

Compound of 子 (ko, “baby”) + 泣 (naki, “cry”) + 爺 (jijī, “old man”).

compound

(Japanese folklore) Shapeshifting monster, 妖怪 (yōkai), which for a ruse takes the form of either a helpless baby or tiny old man, crying near woodland trails and crushes passersby who stop to help as it transforms to devour them.


子泣き爺

子泣き爺 (canonical)
konakijiji (romanization)

Compound of 子 (ko, “baby”) + 泣 (naki, “cry”) + 爺 (jiji, “old man”).


天馬

(Japanese mythology, fiction) Heavenly steed


天馬

天 (“sky”) + 馬 (“horse”). From Ancient Greek Πήγασος (Pḗgasos), and associated with the term sky horse.

(Greek mythology) The Pegasus winged horse


エレボス

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἔρεβος (Érebos)


アイテール

ja-pos

アイテール • (Aitēru)

[a̠ite̞ːɾɯ̟]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Αἰθήρ (Aithḗr)


西王母

ja-pos

西(さい)王(おう)母(ぼ) or 西(せい)王(おう)母(ぼ) • (Saiōbo or Seiōbo)

西王母 (canonical)
西王母 (canonical)
Saiōbo (romanization)
Seiōbo (romanization)

(Chinese religion, Chinese mythology) Queen Mother of the West (goddess)


シュメール

Via English Sumer, ultimately from Akkadian 𒋗𒈨𒊒 (Šumeru).


アウグストゥス

[a̠ɯ̟ɡɯ̟sɨ̥tɯ̟sɨ]