明日

明日は明日の風が吹く

tomorrow let tomorrow's winds blow → tomorrow is a new day

Daijisen
Early Middle Japanese
Early Modern Japanese
Late Middle Japanese
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:松村明

Shift in meaning from 朝 (ashita, “next morning”), itself cognate with 朝 (asa, “morning”).
The kanji spelling is from Chinese 明日 (míngrì).

明日は雨ですね。

明日の夕方


明日

Early Middle Japanese
Early Modern Japanese
Kojiki
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
Various theories exist regarding the ultimate derivation:
* Possibly a shift from verb 明かす (akasu, “to pass”).
*: */akasu/ → */akusu/ → /asu/
* Possibly an apophonic form of or cognate with 朝 (asa, “morning”).
The kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 明日 (míngrì).

obor

1939, Osamu Dazai, Joseito [Schoolgirl]:

The same day will probably come tomorrow again, just like always. True happiness will never come into my life. I know that. But perhaps it is best to go to sleep believing that it will come, that it will come tomorrow.

明日もまた、同じ日が来るのだろう。幸福は一生、来ないのだ。それは、わかっている。けれども、きっと来る、あすは来る、と信じて寝るのがいいのでしょう。

Asu mo mata, onaji hi ga kuru no darō. Kōfuku wa isshō, konai no da. Sore wa, wakatteiru. Keredo mo, kitto kuru, asu wa kuru, to shinjite neru no ga ii no deshō.


明日

ja-noun

明(みょう)日(にち) • (myōnichi) ^(←みやうにち (myauniti)?)

明日 (canonical)
myōnichi (romanization)
myauniti (romanization)
みやうにち (hiragana historical)

[mʲo̞ːɲ̟it͡ɕi]

Early Modern Japanese
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten

/mʲau nʲiti/ → /mʲɔːɲit͡ɕi/ → /mʲoːɲit͡ɕi/
From Middle Chinese compound 明日 (MC mjaeng nyit).


明日

From a later borrowing of Chinese 明日 (míngrì), using the 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”).
Rare reading.


後

Originally an extension of 跡(あと) (ato, “footprint; leftover”), itself a compound of 足(あ) (a, “foot”) + 所(と) (to, “place”).

後で連絡します。

会議の後

(temporally) later time, afterwards, some time after the present


後

From Old Japanese. Ultimate derivation unknown.

晴れのち雨

later, afterwards, some time after the present


後

From Old Japanese. Ultimate derivation unknown. May be cognate with より (yori, “from; after”).

(obsolete) later, afterwards, some time after the present


後

From Middle Chinese 後 (huwX, huwH, “after”).

彼は卒業後に結婚します。

He is going to get married after the graduation.

彼は卒業後は大阪の会社に勤めます。

Kare wa sotsugyōgo wa Ōsaka no kaisha ni tsutomemasu.

He is going to work for a company in Osaka after the graduation.

卒業後、彼は小学校の先生になった。

Sotsugyōgo, kare wa shōgakkō no sensei ni natta.

After the graduation, he became a teacher at an elementary school.


未来

From Middle Chinese 未來 (MC mj+jH loj). Originally a Buddhist calque of Sanskrit अनागत (anāgata, “not yet come; future”, past participle), from अन्- (an-, “not”) + आगत (āgata, “what has come”), from the verb root आगम् (āgam, “to come”).

calque

1988 July 30 [1983 December 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “未(み)来(らい)ドロボウ [The Future Thief]”, in ひとりぼっちの宇宙戦争 [The One-Man Cosmic War] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 1), 16th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 103:

あっ まってっ‼ぼくの未来をかえせっ‼

あの子の未(み)来(らい)がどうなるか…………それはわからないが………、ただひとついえることは、これからの毎日を……、一日一日たいせつに、生きていってくれるだろうということ

1988 July 30 [1983 December 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “未(み)来(らい)ドロボウ [The Future Thief]”, in ひとりぼっちの宇宙戦争 [The One-Man Cosmic War] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 1), 16th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 120:

What does the future have in store for him?…………That is yet to be determined………, one thing for certain though, from now on……, he will treasure every single day of his life

Ano ko no mirai ga dō naru ka………… Sore wa wakaranai ga………, tada hitotsu ieru koto wa, kore kara no mainichi o……, ichinichi ichinichi taisetsu ni, ikiteitte kureru darō to iu koto

2000 August 17, CLAMP, Ｘ(エックス) [X], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Kadokawa Shoten, →ISBN, pages 16–17:

Even though I could see the future in which you died… I… could do nothing… …The future… cannot be changed…

君が死ぬ未来が見えても…僕は…何も出来なかった… …未来は…変えられない…

Kimi ga shinu mirai ga miete mo… boku wa… nani mo dekinakatta… …Mirai wa… kaerarenai…


明くる日

明くる日 (canonical)
akuru hi (romanization)

[a̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟ çi]

あくる日は前日同様の快晴で、やはり暑い日だった。

1930, 浜尾四郎, 彼は誰を殺したか

The next day had clear weather like the previous and it was a hot one too.

Akuru hi wa zenjitsu dōyō no kaisei de, yahari atsui hi datta.

前日同様 ぜんじつどうよう


明後日

/asate/ → /asat̚te/
Shift from earlier asate (see Etymology 2 below).
The kanji spelling is from myōgonichi (see Etymology 3 below).


明後日

/asu sarite/ → /asːarʉte/ → /asate/
Apparently recorded in the 名語記 (Myōgoki) etymology dictionary of 1263 as a shift from asusate, in turn from 明日去りて (asu sarite), itself a compound of 明日 (asu, “tomorrow”) + 去りて (sarite, modern 去って (satte), the conjunctive form of 去る (saru), “to pass”).
The kanji spelling is from myōgonichi (see Etymology 3).

compound

あさてばかりになりて、例のやうにいたくもふかさで渡りたまへり。

Asate bakari ni narite, rei no yō ni itaku mo fukasa de watari-tamaeri.


明後日

ja-noun

明(みょう)後(ご)日(にち) • (myōgonichi) ^(←みやうごにち (myaugoniti)?)

明後日 (canonical)
myōgonichi (romanization)
myaugoniti (romanization)
みやうごにち (hiragana historical)

[mʲo̞ːɡo̞ɲ̟it͡ɕi]

From 明後 (myōgo-, “the ... after next ...”) + 日 (nichi, “day”).


来月

From 来 (rai-, “coming..., next...”) + 月 (getsu, “month”).


来年

来年は１７歳になる。

来年の事を言うと鬼が笑う

talk about next year and the devil will laugh


来年

(dialectal, Kagoshima) next year, coming year


将来

近い将来


来週

ja-noun

来(らい)週(しゅう) • (raishū) ^(←らいしう (raisiu)?)

来週 (canonical)
raishū (romanization)
raisiu (romanization)
らいしう (hiragana historical)

From 来 (rai-, “coming..., next...”) + 週 (shū, “week”).

prefix

来週月曜日に会いましょう。

Let’s meet Monday next week. / Let’s meet this coming [week on] Monday.


再来週

[sa̠ɾa̠iɕɨː]

Compound of 再 (“re-”) + 来週 (“next week”).


明朝

ja-noun

明(みょう)朝(ちょう) • (myōchō) ^(←みやうてう (myauteu)?)

明朝 (canonical)
myōchō (romanization)
myauteu (romanization)
みやうてう (hiragana historical)

[mʲo̞ːt͡ɕo̞ː]

明朝は８ 時に集合です。


明朝

明(みょう)朝(あさ) • (myōasa) ^(←みやうあさ (myauasa)?)

明朝 (canonical)
myōasa (romanization)
myauasa (romanization)
みやうあさ (hiragana historical)


明朝

ja-pos

明(みん)朝(ちょう) • (Minchō) ^(←みんてう (Minteu)?)

明朝 (canonical)
Minchō (romanization)
Minteu (romanization)
みんてう (hiragana historical)

[mʲĩɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]


再来月

再来月 (canonical)
saraigetsu (romanization)

Compound of 再 (“re-”) + 来月 (“next month”).


後日

後日物語

後日物語 ごじつものがたり

in the future, later, a later day, another day


後日

[ɡo̞ɲ̟it͡ɕi]


明明後日

明明後日 (canonical)
shiasatte (romanization)

Compound of し (shi, of uncertain derivation) + 明後日 (asatte, “the day after tomorrow”).
The initial shi element is uncertain. Speculatively, this might be related to, or a shift from, intensifying prefix ひ (hi) found in some adjectives, such as ひ弱(よわ)い (hiyowai, “delicate, very weak”).
First cited to a text from 1275.

ja-r

two days after tomorrow
two days after tomorrow

(Tōkyō, Kansai, western Japan) three days from today, two days after tomorrow

(Kantō, Hokkaidō, Mie, Hida Province) four days from today


明明後日

ja-noun

明(みょう)明(みょう)後(ご)日(にち) • (myōmyōgonichi) ^(←みやうみやうごにち (myaumyaugoniti)?)

明明後日 (canonical)
myōmyōgonichi (romanization)
myaumyaugoniti (romanization)
みやうみやうごにち (hiragana historical)

[mʲo̞ːmʲo̞ːɡo̞ɲ̟it͡ɕi]

Compound of 明 (myō, “next, one later”) + 明後日 (myōgonichi, “day after tomorrow”).
First cited to the Nippo Jisho of 1603.

compound

two days after tomorrow, three days hence


明晩

ja-noun

明(みょう)晩(ばん) • (myōban) ^(←みやうばん (myauban)?)

明晩 (canonical)
myōban (romanization)
myauban (romanization)
みやうばん (hiragana historical)


弥の明後日

弥の明後日 (canonical)
yanoasatte (romanization)

From 明後日(あさって) (asatte, “the day after tomorrow”).

ja-r

(Kantō, eastern Japan) three days from today, two days after tomorrow