UFO

Orthographic borrowing from English UFO, but pronounced like an acronym rather than a mere initialism.

未確認飛行物体 未確認飛行物体#Japanese

unidentified flying object
unidentified flying object

Synonym of 未確認飛行物体 (mikakunin hikō buttai, “unidentified flying object”); a UFO


月

⟨tuki₂⟩ → */tukɨ/ → */t͡sukɨ/ → /t͡suki/
From Old Japanese 月 (tuki₂), ultimately from Proto-Japonic *tukui. For the vowel alternation, see WT:AJPX#Standalone forms and combining forms.


心

/simʉ/ → */ɕimʉ/ → /ɕiɴ/
From Middle Chinese 心 (MC sim).
The Buddhist sense is a translation of Pali and Sanskrit चित्त (citta).

(Chinese astronomy) the Heart constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


参

/ɕimʉ/ → /ɕiɴ/
The “Three Stars mansion” and “carrot, ginseng” senses are from Middle Chinese 參 (MC srim).
The “jagged, uneven” affix is from Middle Chinese 參 (MC tsrhim).

(Chinese astronomy) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


参

/ɕamʉ/ → /samʉ/ → /saɴ/
From Middle Chinese 參 (MC tshom).

(Chinese astronomy, rare) the Three Stars constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


宮

宮 (canonical)
kyū (romanization)
kyuu (romanization)
きゆう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 宮 (MC kjuwng, “dwelling; palace; note on a scale”). Compare modern Min Nan reading kiong.

ltc-l

黄道十二宮、宝瓶宮

the twelve signs of the zodiac, the house of Aquarius

(astronomy, astrology) a zodiac sign or house, defined as one-twelfth of the circle of the ecliptic


女

女 (canonical)
Jo (romanization)
dyo (romanization)
ぢよ (hiragana historical)

/dɨo/ → /d͡ʑo/
From Middle Chinese 女 (MC nrjoX|nrjoH).

(Chinese astronomy) the Girl constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


昴

[sɨᵝba̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Likely from Old Japanese, use of kanji in Japanese texts first appears in the Tango-no-kuni Fudoki (c. mid-8th century), phonetic spelling first attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).
By extension from 統ばる (subaru, “to bunch together; to unite”, intransitive), due to the way the stars in the constellation all cluster together. Compare 統べる (suberu, “to command”, transitive).

(astronomy) the Pleiades star cluster, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


昴

Likely from Old Japanese.
Possibly an allusion from 昴の玉 (sumaru no tama, literally “cluster of pearls”) referenced multiple times in the Kojiki (712 CE); probably the original form of Subaru above. Compare the development of 皇 (sume-/sumera- → sube-/subera-, prefix of praise and respect to Shinto deities or an Emperor of Japan)

(astronomy, regional) the Pleiades star cluster, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


昴

昴 (canonical)
Bō (romanization)
bau (romanization)
ばう (hiragana historical)

/bau/ → /bɔː/ → /boː/
From Middle Chinese 昴 (MC maewX).

(Chinese astronomy) the Hairy Head constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, corresponding to the Pleiades star cluster in English


柳

柳 (canonical)
Ryū (romanization)
riu (romanization)
りう (hiragana historical)

(Chinese astronomy) the Willow as one of the twenty-eight mansions


氐

From Middle Chinese 氐 (MC tej), compare modern Mandarin 氐 (dī).
Used in Old Japanese as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨te⟩.

(Chinese astronomy) Root, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


星

/posi/ → /ɸoɕi/ → /hoɕi/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pəsi.

(astronomy) a star (luminous celestial body)


星

From Middle Chinese 星 (MC seng).
The Singapore sense derives from the pre-World War Two kanji spelling 星加坡 (modern kanji spelling 新加坡) as borrowed from Chinese, itself a transliteration of Malay Singapura.

(Chinese astronomy) one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions in the Chinese system of constellations


星

星雲

星団

星図


海

⟨umi₁⟩ → */umij/ → /umi/
From Old Japanese, theorized as descending from Proto-Japonic *omi.
Has been thought to have been derived from a compound. There are two leading theories regarding the ultimate derivation:
* Shift from 大 (ō-, “big, great”) + 水 (mi, “water”, combining form).
: This is problematic phonetically because there is no known term having a related shift from /opo/ → /oː/ → /o/ → /u/, and semantically as there already exists a compound 大水 (ōmizu, “flood”).
* From う (u-, stem indicating “ocean”) + 水 (mi, “water”, combining form). The u- stem is evident in 魚 (uo, “fish”) and 潮 (ushio, “salt water; tide”), and in the 海 (una) element in various ancient terms (see below).

海を渡る

cross over the ocean → go to a foreign country

(planetology) a mare (dark surface of a celestial body, thought to appear like a sea)


牛

牛 (canonical)
gyū (romanization)
giu (romanization)
ぎう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 牛 (ngjuw, “cow”). Compare Hokkien 牛 (giû / ngiû).


竜

竜 (canonical)
Ryū (romanization)
ryuu (romanization)
りゆう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 龍 (MC ljowng).
The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the initial borrowing from Middle Chinese.

(astronomy) Short for りゅう座 (Ryūza): the constellation Draco


胃

胃 (canonical)
I (romanization)
wi (romanization)
ゐ (hiragana historical)

/wi/ → /i/
From Middle Chinese 胃 (MC hjw+jH).

Twenty-Eight Mansions
w:Twenty-Eight Mansions

(Chinese astronomy) Stomach Mansion (one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions)


翼

(Chinese astronomy) the Wings constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


衝

ja-noun

衝(しょう) • (shō)


鬼

(astronomy) the Ghost constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions


食

Engishiki
Kyūjitai
Middle Chinese language
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinjitai
Tōkyō
ja:延喜式
Ōsaka

From Middle Chinese 蝕 (MC zyik, “to eat away at, to erode; to eclipse”), originally the same word in Old Chinese as 食 (MC zyik, “to eat”).
First attested in the 延喜式 (Engishiki) of 927.

ltc-l

レーマーが木星の衛星の１つであるイオの食の周期を測定したところ、一定ではなく、地球の公転に伴い変動することがわかりました。
Rēmā ga Mokusei no eisei no hitotsu de aru Io no shoku no shūki o sokutei shita tokoro, ittei de wa naku, Chikyū no kōten ni tomonai hendō suru koto ga wakarimashita.

2015, 田原真人, これだけ! 高校物理 波･音･光 波動編, 秀和システム, page 97

When Rømer measured the period of the eclipses of Io, one of Jupiter's satellites, he discovered that it was not constant but fluctuated with the Earth's revolution.

食, 蝕: (astronomy) eclipse (often, but not exclusively, of the sun or the moon)


龍

ja-pos

龍(りゅう) • (Ryū)


パン

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán).


海王星

海(かい)王(おう)星(せい) • (Kaiōsei) ^(←かいわうせい (kaiwausei)?)

海王星 (canonical)
Kaiōsei (romanization)
kaiwausei (romanization)
かいわうせい (hiragana historical)

Appears to be borrowed from Chinese 海王星 (Hǎiwángxīng), applying the expected Japanese 音読み (“on'yomi”) for the characters.
The planet itself was discovered in 1846 by astronomers in Europe, so prior to that point, the planet had no name in any language. Following the convention at the time, it was ultimately named for the Roman god, Neptune. After this, the term was probably first borrowed into Chinese as a calque and then borrowed into Japanese from there. 海王 (literally “sea + king”) and 星 (“star or planet”).

——海の星海王星を守護にもつ深海の戦士——セーラーネプチューン
——Umi no Hoshi Kaiōsei o shugo ni motsu shinkai no senshi ——Sērā Nepuchūn

2009 March 30 [2004 January 23], Naoko Takeuchi, “Act 29 無限３ ２人 NEW SOLDIERS [Act 29: Infinity 3: 2 New Soldiers]”, in [美少女戦士](Pretty Guardian)[セーラームーン](SAILORMOON) [Pretty Guardian SAILOR MOON], 6th edition, volume 6 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, pages 181–182

—Warrior of the depths, keeper of Neptune the Sea Planet —Sailor Neptune

Neptune (eighth planet of the solar system)

Neptune Neptune#Discovery Neptune#Naming ja:海王星

The template Template:list:planets of the Solar System

ja does not use the parameter(s): Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.(planets of the Solar System) 太陽系の惑星


火星

火星 (canonical)
Kasei (romanization)
Kwasei (romanization)
くわせい (hiragana historical)

/kwasei/ → /kaseː/
From Middle Chinese 火星 (MC xwaX seng, literally “fire star”).

ltc-l

火星の守護を受けた炎と情熱の戦士 セーラーマーズ！あなたもえらばれた戦士なのよ

2004 July 20 [2003 September 22], Naoko Takeuchi, “Act 3 レイ SAILORMARS [Act 3: Rei: SAILOR MARS]”, in [美少女戦士](Pretty Guardian)[セーラームーン](SAILORMOON) [Pretty Guardian SAILOR MOON], 5th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, page 122

The warrior of fire and passion under Mars, Sailor Mars! You’re also one of the chosen warriors

Kasei no shugo o uketa honō to jōnetsu no senshi Sērā Māzu! Anata mo erabareta senshi na no yo


太陽系

ja-pos

太(たい)陽(よう)系(けい) • (Taiyōkei) ^(←たいやうけい (tayaukei)?)

太陽系 (canonical)
Taiyōkei (romanization)
tayaukei (romanization)
たいやうけい (hiragana historical)

本日は太陽系航宙社東京゠ネオ・ヴェネツィア便をご利用いただき まことにありがとうございます 当機はまもなく 惑星アクアの大気圏に突入します
Honjitsu wa Taiyōkei Kōchūsha Tōkyō-Neo Venetsia bin o goriyō itadaki Makoto ni arigatō gozaimasu Tōki wa mamonaku wakusei Akua no taikiken ni totsunyū shimasu
You have been on Solar System Spaceline’s Tokyo–New Venice flight. Thank you for using our services. We are about to enter the planet Aqua’s atmosphere.

[2001 August 27, Kozue Amano, “Navigation01 水の惑星 [Navigation 01: The Water Planet]”, in AQUA (AQUA) [AQUA], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Enix, page 5


ICBM

ICBM (canonical)
aishībīemu (romanization)

[a̠iɕiːbʲiːe̞mɯ̟ᵝ]


土星

From Middle Chinese 土星 (MC thuX seng, literally “earth, soil + star”). The do reading for 土 is the kan'yōon or "customary reading", indicating a shift after borrowing.

ltc-l

——わたしは死の淵よりの使者 破滅の星土星を守護に持つ沈黙の戦士セーラーサターン
——Watashi wa shi no fuchi yori no shisha Hametsu no Hoshi Dosei o shugo ni motsu chinmoku no senshi Sērā Satān

2009 February 13 [2004 March 23], Naoko Takeuchi, “Act 37 無限11 無限大——審判 [Act 37: Infinity 11: Infinity——Judgment]”, in [美少女戦士](Pretty Guardian)[セーラームーン](SAILORMOON) [Pretty Guardian SAILOR MOON], 5th edition, volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, pages 88–89

——I am the messenger from the depths of death, the keeper of Saturn the Devastation Planet, the silent warrior, Sailor Saturn


水瓶座

ja-pos

水(みず)瓶(がめ)座(ざ) • (Mizugame-za) ^(←みづがめざ (midugameza)?)

水瓶座 (canonical)
Mizugame-za (romanization)
midugameza (romanization)
みづがめざ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 水瓶 (mizugame, “water jug”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


天文学

天文学 (canonical)
tenmongaku (romanization)

[tẽ̞mːõ̞ŋɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

天文 (tenmon, “astronomy”) + 学 (-gaku, “-logy; -graphy”)


地球

地球 (canonical)
Chikyū (romanization)
tikiu (romanization)
ちきう (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕi̥kʲɨᵝː]

From Chinese 地球 (Dìqiú), coined by Matteo Ricci.

地球は24時間で１回自転します。

Chikyū wa nijūyo-jikan de ikkai jiten shimasu.

地球は太陽系の第３惑星です。

The Earth is the third planet of the Solar System.

Chikyū wa taiyōkei no dai-san wakusei desu.

それでも地球は動く。

地球は、サルのわく星になっていましたとさ。

1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “世界名作童話第３巻 うらしま太郎 (世界名作童話第３巻 うらしま太郎) [World’s Renowned Fairy Tales Book 3: Urashima Tarō]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 117

Meanwhile, Earth became the planet of the apes.

Chikyū wa, saru no wakusei ni natteimashita to sa.

銀河系の外から地球にやってきた宇宙人。

1999 October 17, “異次元からの侵略者 [Invader from a Different Dimension]”, in Booster 5, Konami

An alien that came to Earth from outside the Milky Way.

Gingakei no soto kara Chikyū ni yattekita uchūjin.

地球昭

earthshine, illuminating the dark part of the Moon

地球環境モニタリングシステム: Global Environment Monitoring System

地球型惑星

terrestrial planet, an Earth-like planet

地球周回衛星

satellite orbiting the Earth, an Earth orbiter

ガイア

Gaia or Gaea, the Greek goddess of the Earth


宇宙背景放射

ja-noun

うちゅうはいけいほうしゃ

宇(う)宙(ちゅう)背(はい)景(けい)放(ほう)射(しゃ) • (uchūhaikeihōsha)

宇宙背景放射 (canonical)
uchūhaikeihōsha (romanization)

From 宇宙(space) + 背景(background) + 放射(radiation)

cosmic background radiation
cosmic background radiation


宇宙線

宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (uchū, “space”) + 線(せん) (sen, “ray”).


宇宙論

ja-noun

宇(う)宙(ちゅう)論(ろん) • (uchūron) ^(←うちうろん (utiuron)?)

宇宙論 (canonical)
uchūron (romanization)
utiuron (romanization)
うちうろん (hiragana historical)

[ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝːɾõ̞ɴ]

宇宙 (uchū, “cosmos”) + 論 (-ron, “theory”)


宇宙

万象

all things, all of the universe, every manifestation of nature


星雲

暗黒星雲

ワーム星雲より飛来した隕石から採取された物質が埋め込まれており、高いチューニング能力を誇る。

2012 June 1, “Ａ・マインド [Arly Mind]”, in デュエルターミナル クロニクルⅠ 覚醒の章 [DUEL TERMINAL Chronicle Ⅰ: Chapter of Awakening], Konami

By integrating matter harvested from meteorites floating in the Worm Nebula, it has tremendous tuning capability.

Wāmu Seiun yori hirai shita inseki kara saishu sareta busshitsu ga umekomarete ori, takai chūningu nōryoku o hokoru.


惑星

[ɰᵝa̠kɯ̟̊ᵝse̞ː]

Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Planet
Shiba Kōkan
Shueisha
ja:惑星

Wasei kango: Calque of Dutch dwaalster (literally “wander star”), composed as a compound of 惑 (waku, “to move about confusedly, to wander”) + 星 (sei, “star”).
Coined in 1792 by Dutch-Japanese translator 本木良永 (Motoki Yoshinaga) in his 太陽窮理了解説 (Taiyō Kyūri Ryōkai Setsu, “Theory of Understanding on the Natural Study of the Sun”), a translation of Copernicus's De revolutionibus orbium coelestium and its heliocentric model.
Also cited in the 1805 work 和蘭通舶 (Oranda Tsūhaku, “Holland Liner”) by 司馬江漢 (Shiba Kōkan).

compound

あの星は恒星じゃなくて、惑星です。

Ano hoshi wa kōsei ja nakute, wakusei desu.


天文

From Old Japanese, from Literary Chinese 天文 (tiānwén, “heavenly phenomena; behaviors of heavenly bodies”). Compare modern Cantonese reading tin¹ man⁴. Compare 人文 (jinbun, “humanity; humanism”, literally “human behaviors”), 水文学 (suimongaku, “hydrology”, literally “study of water behaviors”) and 地理 (chiri, “geography”, literally “nature of the earth”).

der

天文方: an official government position during the Edo period

天文航法

astronomical navigation, navigating by the star

天文道: an ancient area of study of the movements of heavenly bodies and their influence on events

天文博士: an official government position in the Ritsuryō system


天体

From Middle Chinese 天體 (MC then thejX). Analyzable as
天 (ten, “heaven”) + 体 (tai, “body”).

天体写真

天体写真 てんたいしゃしん


矮惑星

矮惑星 (canonical)
waiwakusei (romanization)


恒星

Probably from Middle Chinese compound 恆星 (MC hong seng, “fixed star”). Compare modern Mandarin 恒星. Used as a translation for the English term fixed star.

(astronomy) a fixed star: a star that does not appear to move relative to other celestial objects

恒星系

a star cluster or cloud, such as the Magellanic Cloud

恒星光行差

a stellar aberration, an aberration of light

恒星天

the ancient Greek theory of the heavens with the Earth at the center of seven concentric spheres


軌道

軌道 (canonical)
kidō (romanization)
kidau (romanization)
きだう (hiragana historical)


衛星

衛星 (canonical)
eisei (romanization)
weisei (romanization)
ゑいせい (hiragana historical)

衛 (ei, “to guard”) + 星 (-sei, “celestial body”)

suf

(astronomy) a satellite (a body orbiting a larger one; man-made apparatus designed to be placed in orbit around a celestial body)


冥王星

ja-pos

冥(めい)王(おう)星(せい) • (Meiōsei) ^(←めいわうせい (meiwausei)?)

冥王星 (canonical)
Meiōsei (romanization)
meiwausei (romanization)
めいわうせい (hiragana historical)

From 冥王 (Meiō, “King of the Underworld”) + 星 (-sei, “planet”), coined by Hōei Nojiri in 1930 as a reference to Pluto, the Greco-Roman god of the underworld.

suf

——そして 冥界の星冥王星を守護にもつセーラープルート
——Soshite Meikai no Hoshi Meiōsei o shugo ni motsu Sērā Purūto

2009 February 13 [2004 February 23], Naoko Takeuchi, “Act 32 無限６ ３戦士 [Act 32: Infinity 6: 3 Warriors]”, in [美少女戦士](Pretty Guardian)[セーラームーン](SAILORMOON) [Pretty Guardian SAILOR MOON], 5th edition, volume 7 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, page 67

—And I am Sailor Pluto, keeper of Pluto the Underworld Planet

Pluto (Kuiper belt object - a dwarf planet)


水星

From Chinese 水星 (Shuǐxīng, in reference to Wu Xing, literally “water star”).


天王星

ja-pos

天(てん)王(のう)星(せい) • (Tennōsei) ^(←てんわうせい (ten'wausei)?)

天王星 (canonical)
Tennōsei (romanization)
ten'wausei (romanization)
てんわうせい (hiragana historical)

[tẽ̞nːo̞ːse̞ː]

From Literary Chinese 天王 (tiānwáng, “heavenly king”) + 星 (xīng, “star”), named after Uranus, the personification of the sky in Greco-Roman mythology.
The ō reading for 王 changes to nō as an instance of renjō (連声).

ja-renjō

そして——風の星天王星を守護にもつ天空の戦士 セーラーウラヌス 参上！
Soshite ——Kaze no Hoshi Tennōsei o shugo ni motsu tenkū no senshi Sērā Uranusu sanjō!

2009 March 30 [2004 January 23], Naoko Takeuchi, “Act 29 無限３ ２人 NEW SOLDIERS [Act 29: Infinity 3: Two New Soldiers]”, in [美少女戦士](Pretty Guardian)[セーラームーン](SAILORMOON) [Pretty Guardian SAILOR MOON], 6th edition, volume 6 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, pages 182–183

And I am... the warrior of the ether, keeper of Uranus the Wind Planet. Sailor Uranus enters the scene!


木星

[mo̞kɯ̟̊ᵝse̞ː]

From Middle Chinese 木星 (muk̚ seŋ, in reference to Wu Xing, literally “wood star”).

der

あたしたちは仲間なの——もちろん 木星の守護を受けた雷と勇気の戦士 セーラージュピター あなたもね
Atashitachi wa nakama na no——mochiron Mokusei no shugo o uketa kaminari to yūki no senshi Sērā Jupitā anata mo ne

2004 July 20 [2003 September 22], Naoko Takeuchi, “Act 5 まこと SAILORJUPITER [Act 5: Makoto: SAILOR JUPITER]”, in [美少女戦士](Pretty Guardian)[セーラームーン](SAILORMOON) [Pretty Guardian SAILOR MOON], 5th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, page 196

We are comrades—and of course, warrior of thunder and bravery under Jupiter, Sailor Jupiter, so are you.

木製型惑星

a Jovian planet, a Jupiter-type planet, a gas giant


金星

From Middle Chinese 金星 (MC kim seng, “metal star; Venus”).


月球

ja-noun

月(げっ)球(きゅう) • (gekkyū) ^(←げつきゆ (getukyu)?)

月球 (canonical)
gekkyū (romanization)
getukyu (romanization)
げつきゆ (hiragana historical)

[ɡe̞k̚ʲkʲɨᵝː]

(astronomy) the Moon (referring to the astronomical object)


宇宙飛行士

宇(う)宙(ちゅう)飛(ひ)行(こう)士(し) • (uchū hikōshi) ^(←うちうひかうし (utiufikausi)?)

宇宙飛行士 (canonical)
uchū hikōshi (romanization)
utiufikausi (romanization)
うちうひかうし (hiragana historical)

[ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝː çi̥ko̞ːɕi]

From 宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (uchū, “universe, space”) + 飛(ひ)行(こう)士(し) (hikōshi, “pilot”).

ja-compound

an astronaut (member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft, or someone trained for that purpose)


超新星

ja-noun

超(ちょう)新(しん)星(せい) • (chōshinsei) ^(←てうしんせい (teusinsei)?)

超新星 (canonical)
chōshinsei (romanization)
teusinsei (romanization)
てうしんせい (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕo̞ːɕĩɰ̃se̞ː]

From 超 (chō-, “super-”) + 新星 (shinsei, “nova”).


火星人

[ka̠se̞ːʑĩɴ]

(science fiction) a Martian (inhabitant of Mars)


こぐま座

こぐま座 (canonical)
Kogumaza (romanization)


プロキオン

[pɯ̟ᵝɾo̞kʲiõ̞ɴ]


こいぬ座

From 小(こ) (ko, “small”) + 犬(いぬ) (inu, “dog”) + 座(ざ) (za, “constellation”).


オリオン座

オリオン座 (canonical)
Orion-za (romanization)

オリオン (“Orion”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


おおいぬ座

大 (ō, “big”) + 犬 (inu, “dog”) + 座 (za, “constellation”)


ケンタウルス座

ケンタウルス座 (canonical)
Kentaurusu-za (romanization)

[kẽ̞nta̠ɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝza̠]

ケンタウルス (kentaurusu, “centaur”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


おうし座

おうし座 (canonical)
Oushiza (romanization)
wousiza (romanization)
をうしざ (hiragana historical)

[o̞ɯ̟ᵝɕiza̠]

牡牛 (oushi, “bull”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


白色矮星

白色矮星 (canonical)
hakushokuwaisei (romanization)


冬の大三角形

ja-pos

^ふゆ の ^だいさんかくけい

^ふゆ の ^だいさんかっけい

冬(ふゆ)の大(だい)三(さん)角(かく)形(けい) or 冬(ふゆ)の大三角形(だいさんかっけい) • (Fuyu no Daisankakukei or Fuyu no Daisankakkei)

冬の大三角形 (canonical)
冬の大三角形 (canonical)
Fuyu no Daisankakukei (romanization)
Fuyu no Daisankakkei (romanization)

From 冬 (“winter”) + 大 (“large, great”) + 三角形 (“triangle”).

(uranography) Winter Triangle - a bright asterism of the northern winter sky. Its corners are the stars Betelgeuse, Procyon, and Sirius.

夏の大三角形

大三角形 だいさんかくけい


おおぐま座

おおぐま座 (canonical)
Ōgumaza (romanization)

[o̞ːɡɯ̟ᵝma̠za̠]

大 (ō, “big”) + 熊 (kuma, “bear”) + 座 (za, “constellation”)


うさぎ座

うさぎ座 (canonical)
Usagi-Za (romanization)


赤色矮星

赤色矮星 (canonical)
sekishokuwaisei (romanization)


はくちょう座

はくちょう座 (canonical)
Hakuchōza (romanization)

[ha̠kɯ̟̊ᵝt͡ɕo̞ːza̠]

白鳥 (hakuchō, “swan”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


天の川

ja-pos

天(あま)の川(がわ) • (Amanogawa) ^(←あまのがは (Amanogafa)?)

天の川 (canonical)
Amanogawa (romanization)
Amanogafa (romanization)
あまのがは (hiragana historical)

From 天 (ama, “heaven”) + の (no, possessive/attributive particle) + 川 (kawa, “river”).

af

(astronomy) Synonym of 銀河系 (Gingakei, “Milky Way”)


北極星

北極星 (canonical)
Hokkyokusei (romanization)

[ho̞k̚ʲkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝse̞ː]

(astronomy) the North Star, Pole Star, Polaris


褐色矮星

ja-noun

褐(かっ)色(しょく)矮(わい)星(せい) • (kasshokuwaisei)

褐色矮星 (canonical)
kasshokuwaisei (romanization)


南十字星

ja-pos

^みなみ-^じゅうじ-せい

南(みなみ)十(じゅう)字(じ)星(せい) • (Minami-Jūji-sei)

南十字星 (canonical)
Minami-Jūji-sei (romanization)

オーストラリア
【国旗】
ユニオン・ジャックは英連邦の一員を、大星は６つの州とタスマニア島を、５つの小星は南十字星を表す。
Ōsutoraria
【Kokki】
Yunion Jakku wa Eirenpō no ichiin o, daisei wa muttsu no shū to Tasumania-tō o, itsutsu no shōsei wa Minami-Jūji-sei o arawasu.
Australia

Hidekaz Himaruya, “ヘタリアと愉快な仲間たち [Hetalia and Blissful Friends]”, in Axis Powers ヘタリア [Axis Powers Hetalia], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Gentosha, page 21

[National flag]
The Union Jack is for membership of the Commonwealth, the big star for the 6 states and the island of Tasmania, and the 5 small stars for the Southern Cross.


北斗七星

北(ほく)斗(と)七(しち)星(せい) • (Hokuto Shichisei)

北斗七星 (canonical)
Hokuto Shichisei (romanization)


中性子星

中性子星 (canonical)
chūseishisei (romanization)

[t͡ɕɨᵝːse̞ːɕi̥se̞ː]

中性子 (chūseishi, “neutron”) + 星 (-sei, “star”)


銀河系

[ɡʲĩŋɡa̠ke̞ː]

銀河 (Ginga; ginga, “Milky Way; Galaxy; galaxy”) + 系 (-kei, “system”)

銀河系の外から地球にやってきた宇宙人。


黒色矮星

ja-noun

黒(こく)色(しょく)矮(わい)星(せい) • (kokushoku waisei)

黒色矮星 (canonical)
kokushoku waisei (romanization)

From 黒(こく)色(しょく) (kokushoku, “black”) 矮(わい)星(せい) (waisei, “dwarf”).


銀河

Kaifūsō
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:懐風藻
ja:銀河

From Middle Chinese 銀河 (MC ngin ha). Literally “silvery river”, compare the visual analogy inherent in English Milky Way.
First cited to the 751 poetry anthology 懐風藻 (Kaifūsō).

ついにぼくはやりとげたんだ‼お母さん！地球のみんな‼銀河の中心までたどり着きましたよ‼

1987 May 1 [1987 March 20], Fujiko Fujio, “老年期の終り (老年期の終り) [The End of Old Age]”, in みどりの守り神 [Green Guardian God] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 2), 2nd edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, 第二章, page 528

I’ve finally done it!! Mother! Everyone on Earth!! I’ve reached the center of the Galaxy!!

Tsui ni boku wa yaritogeta n da‼ Okāsan! Chikyū no minna‼ Ginga no chūshin made tadoritsukimashita yo‼

(astronomy) Synonym of 銀河系 (Gingakei, “Milky Way”): the Galaxy


アンドロメダ座

アンドロメダ座 (canonical)
Andoromeda-za (romanization)

アンドロメダ (Andoromeda, “Andromeda”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ブラックホール

[bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟̊ᵝ ho̞ːɾɯ̟ᵝ]


望遠鏡

ja-noun

望(ぼう)遠(えん)鏡(きょう) • (bōenkyō) ^(←ばうゑんきやう (bawenkyau)?)

望遠鏡 (canonical)
bōenkyō (romanization)
bawenkyau (romanization)
ばうゑんきやう (hiragana historical)

[bo̞ːẽ̞ŋʲkʲo̞ː]

望遠 (bōen, “long-distance viewing”) + 鏡 (-kyō, “lens”)

suf

ハッブル宇宙望遠鏡


明星

ja-noun

明(みょう)星(じょう) • (myōjō) ^(←みやうじやう (myauzyau)?)

明星 (canonical)
myōjō (romanization)
myauzyau (romanization)
みやうじやう (hiragana historical)

→ Portuguese: miojo

/mjauzjau/ → /mjɔːzjɔː/ → /mjoːd͡ʑoː/
From Middle Chinese 明星 (MC mjaeng seng).

(astronomy) a bright star, especially Venus as the morning star or evening star


日食

[ɲ̟iɕːo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

From Middle Chinese 日食 (MC nyit zyik). 食 is a daiyōji replacing 蝕.


小惑星

小(しょう)惑(わく)星(せい) • (shōwakusei) ^(←せうわくせい (sewakusei)?)

小惑星 (canonical)
shōwakusei (romanization)
sewakusei (romanization)
せうわくせい (hiragana historical)

[ɕo̞ːɰᵝa̠kɯ̟̊ᵝse̞ː]

From 小 (shō-, “small; little”) + 惑星 (wakusei, “planet”). Compare Chinese 小行星 (xiǎoxíngxīng), Korean 소행성 (sohaengseong), Vietnamese tiểu hành tinh.


光年

ja-noun

光(こう)年(ねん) • (kōnen) ^(←くわうねん (kwaunen)?)

光年 (canonical)
kōnen (romanization)
kwaunen (romanization)
くわうねん (hiragana historical)

Appears to be a calque of English light year.


光年

ja-pos

光(こう)年(ねん) • (-kōnen) ^(←くわうねん (kwaunen)?)

光年 (canonical)
-kōnen (romanization)
kwaunen (romanization)
くわうねん (hiragana historical)

宇宙の直径は約 930億光年だ。

The diameter of the universe is some 93 billion light years.

Uchū no chokkei wa yaku kyūhyakusanjū-oku kōnen da.

地球自身すでに銀河系の外れにあるといえるが、そこからさらに六万光年渦分子の先っぽに……、ロルカル系第三惑星「ニューイヤー」がある。

1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “ニューイヤー星調査行 (ニューイヤー星調査行) [Expedition to Planet New Year]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 73

Earth is essentially situated in the extremity of the Milky Way, sixty thousand light years from which, at the tip of the vortex molecules..., is “New Year”, the third planet of the Lorcal system.

Chikyū jishin sude ni Gingakei no hazure ni aru to ieru ga, soko kara sara ni rokuman kōnen kabunshi no sakippo ni……, Rorukaru-kei dai-san wakusei “Nyū Iyā” ga aru.


散開星団

散開星団 (canonical)
sankai seidan (romanization)


レンズ状銀河

レンズ状銀河 (canonical)
renzujō ginga (romanization)


球状星団

球状星団 (canonical)
kyūjō seidan (romanization)


天文学者

天文学者 (canonical)
tenmongakusha (romanization)


楕円銀河

楕円銀河 (canonical)
daen ginga (romanization)

[da̠ẽ̞ŋ ʲɡʲĩŋɡa̠]


不規則銀河

ja-noun

不(ふ)規(き)則(そく)銀(ぎん)河(が) • (fukisoku ginga)

不規則銀河 (canonical)
fukisoku ginga (romanization)

[ɸɯ̟ᵝkʲiso̞kɯ̟ᵝ ɡʲĩŋɡa̠]


棒渦巻銀河

棒(ぼう)渦(うず)巻(まき)銀(ぎん)河(が) • (bō uzumaki ginga)

棒渦巻銀河 (canonical)
bō uzumaki ginga (romanization)

[bo̞ː ɯ̟ᵝzɨᵝma̠kʲi ɡʲĩŋɡa̠]

From 棒 (bō, “staff, stick”) + 渦巻銀河 (uzumaki ginga, “spiral galaxy”).

com

barred spiral galaxy
barred spiral galaxy


渦巻銀河

ja-noun

渦(うず)巻(まき)銀(ぎん)河(が) • (uzumaki ginga) ^(←うづまきぎんが (udumaki ginga)?)

渦巻銀河 (canonical)
uzumaki ginga (romanization)
udumaki ginga (romanization)
うづまきぎんが (hiragana historical)

[ɯ̟ᵝzɨᵝma̠kʲi ɡʲĩŋɡa̠]

Compound of 渦巻 (uzumaki, “spiral”) + 銀河 (ginga, “galaxy”).


流れ星

流れ星 (canonical)
nagareboshi (romanization)

Compound of 流れ (nagare, “flowing, streaming”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 流れる (nagareru, “to flow, to stream”)) + 星 (hoshi, “star”). The hoshi changes to boshi as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Derived as the native Japanese reading of Middle Chinese-derived 流星 (ryūsei).
First attested from 1137.

compound

きれいな星空だね
Kirei na hoshizora da ne
Look at that beautiful starry sky
そうね
Sō ne
It is, isn’t it?
あ 流れ星
A Nagareboshi
Ah, a shooting star
何か 願い事した？
Nani ka Negaigoto shita?
What’d you wish for?
——うん このシーンが１コマでも長く続きますようにって
——Un Kono shīn ga hito-koma demo nagaku tsuzukimasu yō nitte
—Umm, I wished I could drag this scene forever
……作者思いだね

1993 November 25 [1989 May 20], Mitsuru Adachi, “第27話 直人の想い [Chapter 27: What Naoto Wants]”, in スローステップ (スローステップ) [Slow Step], 11th edition, volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 74

きれいな星空だね
Kirei na hoshizora da ne
Look at that beautiful starry sky
……また始まったな
……Mata hajimatta na
…It’s happened again
あ 流れ星
A Nagareboshi
Ah, a shooting star
何か 願い事した？
Nani ka Negaigoto shita?
What’d you wish for?
どうぞ編集長が怒りませんようにって……
Dōzo henshūchō ga okorimasen yō nitte……
I wished the editor-in-chief wouldn’t be mad at me…
—大丈夫 やさしい人だもん
—Daijōbu yasashii hito da mon
—Don’t worry, he’s very easy-going
いいかげんにしろ！

1993 November 25 [1989 May 20], Mitsuru Adachi, “第27話 直人の想い [Chapter 27: Mortals’ Desires]”, in スローステップ (スローステップ) [Slow Step], 11th edition, volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, pages 93–94

(astronomy) synonym of 流星 (ryūsei, “meteor, shooting star, falling star”)


流星

ja-noun

流(りゅう)星(せい) • (ryūsei) ^(←りうせい (riusei)?)

流星 (canonical)
ryūsei (romanization)
riusei (romanization)
りうせい (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 流星 (MC ljuw seng).
Attested in a portion of the Shoku Nihongi dating to 728.

ペガサス流星拳‼

2001 January 23, Masami Kurumada, “女神の聖闘士の巻 [Athena’s Saints]”, in Saint星矢 (Saint星矢) [Saint Seiya], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, page 60

(astronomy) a meteor, a shooting star, a falling star


りゅう座

竜 (ryū, “dragon”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


孔雀

[kɯ̟ᵝʑa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

/kuᵑ sʲakʉ/ → /kuⁿzʲakʉ/ → /kuʑaku/
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 孔雀 (MC khuwngX tsjak).
First cited in the Wamyō Ruijushō of roughly 934.

くじゃく座 くじゃく座#Japanese

(astronomy, colloquial) Short for くじゃく座 (Kujaku-za): Pavo


時空

(physics) spacetime (four dimensional continuum)


半球

ja-noun

半(はん)球(きゅう) • (hankyū) ^(←はんきう (fankiu)?)

半球 (canonical)
hankyū (romanization)
fankiu (romanization)
はんきう (hiragana historical)

[hã̠ŋʲkʲɨᵝː]


準惑星

準惑星 (canonical)
junwakusei (romanization)


電波天文学

電(でん)波(ぱ)天(てん)文(もん)学(がく) • (denpa tenmongaku)

電波天文学 (canonical)
denpa tenmongaku (romanization)

From 電波 (denpa, “electromagnetic wave”) + 天文学 (tenmongaku, “astronomy”).


赤外線天文学

ja-noun

せきがいせん てんもんがく

赤(せき)外(がい)線(せん)天(てん)文(もん)学(がく) • (sekigaisen tenmongaku)

赤外線天文学 (canonical)
sekigaisen tenmongaku (romanization)

From 赤外線 (“infrared”) + 天文学 (“astronomy”).


夏の大三角形

ja-pos

^なつ の ^だいさんかくけい

^なつ の ^だいさんかっけい

夏(なつ)の大(だい)三(さん)角(かく)形(けい) or 夏(なつ)の大三角形(だいさんかっけい) • (Natsu no Daisankakukei or Natsu no Daisankakkei)

夏の大三角形 (canonical)
夏の大三角形 (canonical)
Natsu no Daisankakukei (romanization)
Natsu no Daisankakkei (romanization)

From 夏 (“summer”) + 大 (“large, great”) + 三角形 (“triangle”).

(uranography) Summer Triangle - a bright asterism of the northern summer sky. Its corners are the stars Altair, Deneb, and Vega.

冬の大三角形

大三角形 だいさんかくけい


暗黒物質

ja-noun

暗(あん)黒(こく)物(ぶっ)質(しつ) • (ankoku busshitsu)

暗黒物質 (canonical)
ankoku busshitsu (romanization)

[ã̠ŋko̞kɯ̟ᵝ bɯ̟ᵝɕːi̥t͡sɨᵝ]

From 暗黒 (ankoku, “dark”) + 物質 (busshitsu, “matter”). Appears to be a calque of English dark matter.


ホワイトホール

[ho̞ɰᵝa̠ito̞ ho̞ːɾɯ̟ᵝ]


隕石

ja-noun

隕(いん)石(せき) • (inseki) ^(←ゐんせき (winseki)?)

隕石 (canonical)
inseki (romanization)
winseki (romanization)
ゐんせき (hiragana historical)


事象の地平面

じしょう の ちへいめん

事(じ)象(しょう)の地(ち)平(へい)面(めん) • (jishō no chiheimen)

事象の地平面 (canonical)
jishō no chiheimen (romanization)

事象 (jishō, “event”) + の (no, attributive particle) + 地平面 (chiheimen, “horizontal plane”)


変光星

(astronomy) variable star (star whose brightness varies)


天球

[tẽ̞ŋʲkʲɨᵝː]


金曜

ja-noun

金(きん)曜(よう) • (kin'yō) ^(←きんえう (kin'eu)?)

金曜 (canonical)
kin'yō (romanization)
kin'eu (romanization)
きんえう (hiragana historical)

/kin'eu/ → /kin'yoː/. Originally it meant the planet Venus.


土曜

土曜 (canonical)
doyō (romanization)
doeu (romanization)
どえう (hiragana historical)

/doeu/ > /doyoː/. Originally it meant the planet Saturn.


木曜

木(もく)曜(よう) • (mokuyō) ^(←もくえう (mokueu)?)

木曜 (canonical)
mokuyō (romanization)
mokueu (romanization)
もくえう (hiragana historical)

/mokueu/ > /mokuyoː/. Originally it meant the planet Jupiter.


火曜

火曜 (canonical)
kayō (romanization)
kwaeu (romanization)
くわえう (hiragana historical)

/kaeu/ > /kayoː/. Originally it meant the planet Mars.


水曜

水曜 (canonical)
suiyō (romanization)
suieu (romanization)
すいえう (hiragana historical)

/suieu/ > /suiyoː/. Originally it meant Mercury.


七星

七(しち)星(せい) or 七(しち)星(しょう) or 七(しっ)星(しょう) • (shichisei or shichishō or shisshō) ^(←しちしやう (sitisyau) or しつしやう (situsyau)?)

七星 (canonical)
七星 (canonical)
七星 (canonical)
shichisei (romanization)
shichishō (romanization)
shisshō (romanization)
sitisyau (romanization)
situsyau (romanization)
しちしやう (hiragana historical)
しつしやう (hiragana historical)

[ɕit͡ɕiɕo̞ː]

Either a short-form of 北(ほく)斗(と)七星(しちせい) (Hokuto Shichisei) or in the case of shichishō, from Middle Chinese 七星 (MC tshit seng).

ja-r

^ほく%と% ^しちせい

(astronomy, archaic) the Big Dipper; Ursa Major


嫦娥

嫦娥 (canonical)
Jōga (romanization)
zyauga (romanization)
じやうが (hiragana historical)

/d͡ʑjauɡa/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡa/ → /d͡ʑoːɡa/
From Middle Chinese 嫦娥 (MC dzyang nga, “Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon”).
The 呉音 (goon) pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.
First cited in Japanese to a text from 827.

ltc-l

(Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon


天道

天道 (canonical)
tendō (romanization)
tendau (romanization)
てんだう (hiragana historical)

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 天道 (MC then dawX). The 呉音 (goon), so the earlier borrowing.
First cited to a text from 751 CE.

(astronomy) the sun (more often found with the reading tentō)


天道

天道 (canonical)
tentō (romanization)
tentau (romanization)
てんたう (hiragana historical)

Shift from tendō. The 漢音 (kan'on), so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

御天道様

御天道様 おてんとうさま

天道次第

天道次第 てんとうしだい


凸月

凸月 (canonical)
totsugetsu (romanization)


ケルベロス

[ke̞ɾɯ̟ᵝbe̞ɾo̞sɨᵝ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos).

lbor

(astronomy) the 4th moon of Pluto, discovered in 2011


天照

天照 (canonical)
天照 (canonical)
Amaterasu (romanization)

Daijirin
Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten

From Old Japanese. Mentioned in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE.
Superficially, a compound of 天 (ama, “sky, the heavens”) + 照らす (terasu, “to illuminate something, to shine upon something”). However, this derives instead as an honorific form of compound verb 天照る (amateru, “to shine in heaven”), as the 照らす (terasu) is not the usual transitive or causative conjugation of the intransitive verb 照る (teru, “to shine, to light up”), but rather an example of the verb with the Old Japanese honorific verb suffix す (-su).
As a verbal epithet, also found in some older texts with the reading Amaderasu, where the terasu changes to derasu as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The name appears to be consistently used without voicing, as Amaterasu.


等級

ja-noun

等(とう)級(きゅう) • (tōkyū)


黄道

黄(こう)道(どう) • (kōdō) ^(←くわうだう (kwaudau)?)

黄道 (canonical)
kōdō (romanization)
kwaudau (romanization)
おうどう (alternative hiragana)
ōdō (Rōmaji)
わうだう (hiragana historical)
くわうだう (hiragana historical)


ヴィーナス

ja-pos

ヴィーナス • (Vīnasu)


サターン

サターン • (Satān)

(Roman mythology, rare) Saturn, the Roman god

Saturn, the class of heavy-lifting rockets


ジュピター

ジュピター • (Jupitā)

[d͡ʑɨᵝpʲita̠ː]


ジュピター

ジュピター • (Jupitā)

[d͡ʑɨᵝpʲita̠ː]

神々の王で天の支配者ジュピター。

Jupiter, the King of gods, ruler of the heavens.

kamigami no ō de ten no shihaisha Jupitā.


マーズ

マーズ • (Māzu)

Borrowed from English Mars, from Latin Mārs.

Alternative spelling of マールス: Mars (the planet more often than the Roman god).


マーキュリー

マーキュリー • (Mākyurī)

[ma̠ːkʲɨᵝɾʲiː]

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:マーキュリー
ja:松村明

水と知性の戦士 水星の守護を受けし者セーラーマーキュリー！さがしてたわ！あなたを

2004 July 20 [2003 September 22], Naoko Takeuchi, “Act 2 亜美 SAILORMERCURY [Act 2: Ami: SAILOR MERCURY]”, in 美少女戦士セーラームーン [Sailor Moon], 5th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, page 79

The warrior of water and wisdom under Mercury, Sailor Mercury! I’ve been searching for you!

Mizu to chisei no senshi Mākyurī no shugo o ukeshimono Sērā Mākyurī! Sagashiteta wa! Anata o

(rare) Synonym of 水星 (Suisei, “Mercury”) (planet)


セレス

(astronomy) A celestial body orbiting between Mars and Jupiter; previously defined as an asteroid; now officially known as a dwarf planet; officially called 1 Ceres.


パラス

(astronomy) The second largest asteroid, 2 Pallas


青竜

青(せい)竜(りゅう) • (Seiryū) ^(←せいりゆう (seiryuu)?)

青竜 (canonical)
Seiryū (romanization)
seiryuu (romanization)
せいりゆう (hiragana historical)

Azure Dragon, one of the Four Symbols in the Chinese constellations


青竜

青(せい)竜(りょう) • (Seiryō) ^(←せいりよう (seiryou)?)

青竜 (canonical)
Seiryō (romanization)
seiryou (romanization)
せいりよう (hiragana historical)


青竜

青(しょう)竜(りゅう) • (Shōryū) ^(←しやうりゆう (syauryuu)?)

青竜 (canonical)
Shōryū (romanization)
syauryuu (romanization)
しやうりゆう (hiragana historical)


玄武

玄(げん)武(ぶ) or 玄(げん)武(む) • (Genbu or Genmu)

玄武 (canonical)
玄武 (canonical)
Genbu (romanization)
Genmu (romanization)

the Black Tortoise, literally "Black Warrior" (one of the Four Symbols, who keeps watch in the north).


朱雀

[sɨᵝza̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Vermilion Bird, one of the Four Symbols in the Chinese constellations


白虎

白(びゃっ)虎(こ) • (Byakko) ^(←びやくこ (byakuko)?)

白虎 (canonical)
Byakko (romanization)
byakuko (romanization)
びやくこ (hiragana historical)

White Tiger, one of the Four Symbols in the Chinese constellations


白虎

白虎 (canonical)
hakko (romanization)
fakuko (romanization)
はくこ (hiragana historical)


白虎

白虎 (canonical)
Hakko (romanization)
fakuko (romanization)
はくこ (hiragana historical)


ダイアナ

ja:ダイアナ (小惑星)


月読

月読 (canonical)
月読 (canonical)
tsukiyomi (romanization)

Shift from Old Japanese 月讀 (tukuyo₂mi₁), using the modern reading of 月 (tsuki, “moon”).

つきよみのあめにのぼりてやみもなくあきらけきよをみるがたのしさ

tsukiyomi no ame ni noborite yami mo naku akirakeki yo o miru ga tanoshisa


月読

月読 (canonical)
月読 (canonical)
Tsukiyomi (romanization)

(Japanese mythology) Short for 月読尊 (Tsukiyomi no mikoto): Tsukuyomi, the moon god in Shinto mythology

月読宮

Tsukiyomi-no-miya, a shrine to Tsukuyomi in the Miyajiri area of Ise, Mie Prefecture


掩蔽

掩蔽する (canonical)
enpei suru (romanization)
掩蔽し (stem)
掩蔽した (past)
掩蔽し
えんぺいし
enpei shi
掩蔽する
えんぺいする
enpei suru
掩蔽すれ
えんぺいすれ
enpei sure
掩蔽せよ (imperative literary)
掩蔽しろ (colloquial imperative)
えんぺいせよ (imperative literary)
えんぺいしろ (colloquial imperative)
enpei seyo (imperative literary)
enpei shiro (colloquial imperative)
掩蔽される (passive)
えんぺいされる (passive)
enpei sareru (passive)
掩蔽させる (causative)
掩蔽さす (causative)
えんぺいさせる (causative)
えんぺいさす (causative)
enpei saseru (causative)
enpei sasu (causative)
掩蔽できる (potential)
えんぺいできる (potential)
enpei dekiru (potential)
掩蔽しよう (volitional)
えんぺいしよう (volitional)
enpei shiyō (volitional)
掩蔽しない (negative)
えんぺいしない (negative)
enpei shinai (negative)
掩蔽せず (continuative negative)
えんぺいせず (continuative negative)
enpei sezu (continuative negative)
掩蔽します (formal)
えんぺいします (formal)
enpei shimasu (formal)
掩蔽した (perfective)
えんぺいした (perfective)
enpei shita (perfective)
掩蔽して (conjunctive)
えんぺいして (conjunctive)
enpei shite (conjunctive)
掩蔽すれば (conditional hypothetical)
えんぺいすれば (conditional hypothetical)
enpei sureba (conditional hypothetical)


処女宮

処(しょ)女(じょ)宮(きゅう) • (Shojokyū) ^(←しよぢよきゆう (syodyokyuu)?)

処女宮 (canonical)
Shojokyū (romanization)
syodyokyuu (romanization)
しよぢよきゆう (hiragana historical)

[ɕo̞ʑo̞kʲɨᵝː]

処女 (shojo, “virgin”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


宇宙船

ja-noun

宇(う)宙(ちゅう)船(せん) • (uchūsen) ^(←うちうせん (utiusen)?)

宇宙船 (canonical)
uchūsen (romanization)
utiusen (romanization)
うちうせん (hiragana historical)

[ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝːsẽ̞ɴ]

From 宇宙 (uchū, “universe”) + 船 (sen, “ship”).

a spaceship (vehicle that flies through space, designed to fly with human onboard)


白羊宮

ja-pos

白(はく)羊(よう)宮(きゅう) • (Hakuyōkyū) ^(←はくやうきゆう (fakuyaukyuu)?)

白羊宮 (canonical)
Hakuyōkyū (romanization)
fakuyaukyuu (romanization)
はくやうきゆう (hiragana historical)

[ha̠kɯ̟ᵝjo̞ːkʲɨᵝː]

白羊 (hakuyō, “white sheep”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


天体物理学

ja-noun

天(てん)体(たい)物(ぶつ)理(り)学(がく) • (tentai butsurigaku)

天体物理学 (canonical)
tentai butsurigaku (romanization)

[tẽ̞nta̠i bɯ̟ᵝt͡sɨᵝɾʲiɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

天体 (tentai, “celestial body”) + 物理学 (butsurigaku, “physics”)


ビッグバン

[bʲiɡ̚ɡ̊ɯ̟ᵝ bã̠ɴ]

生まれたばかりの宇宙が大爆発‼いわゆる「ビッグバン」です。

2002 September 30 [1996 September 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太と銀河超特急 (のび太と銀河超特急) [Nobita and the Galaxy Express] (大長編ドラえもん; 16), 20th edition, volume 16 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 39

The universe was just born from a huge explosion!! It is called “the Big Bang”.

Umareta bakari no uchū ga daibakuhatsu‼ Iwayuru “Biggu Ban” desu.


巨蟹宮

巨蟹宮 (canonical)
Kyokaikyū (romanization)

巨 (kyo, “giant”) + 蟹 (kai, “crab”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


瞬間移動

瞬間移動 (canonical)
shunkan idō (romanization)

[ɕɨ̃ᵝŋkã̠ɰ̃ ido̞ː]

From 瞬間 (shunkan, “instant”) + 移動 (idō, “moving”).

af

2008 April 8, Gosho Aoyama, “ＦＩＬＥ.２ 瞬間移動 [File 2: Teleportation]”, in 名探偵コナン (名探偵コナン) [Legendary Detective Conan], volume 61 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN:


クエーサー

ja-noun

クエーサー • (kuēsā)

[kɯ̟ᵝe̞ːsa̠ː]


ふうちょう座

ja-pos

ふうちょう座(ざ) • (Fūchōza)

ふうちょう座 (canonical)
Fūchōza (romanization)

[ɸɯ̟ᵝːt͡ɕo̞ːza̠]

風鳥 (fūchō, “bird of paradise”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


天頂

[tẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]


金牛宮

ja-pos

金(きん)牛(ぎゅう)宮(きゅう) • (Kingyūkyū) ^(←きんぎうきゆう (kingiukyuu)?)

金牛宮 (canonical)
Kingyūkyū (romanization)
kingiukyuu (romanization)
きんぎうきゆう (hiragana historical)

[kʲĩŋʲɡʲɨᵝːkʲɨᵝː]

金 (kin, “gold”) + 牛 (gyū, “ox”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


未確認飛行物体

ja-noun

みかくにん ひこう ぶったい

みかくにんひかうぶったい

未(み)確(かく)認(にん)飛(ひ)行(こう)物(ぶっ)体(たい) • (mikakunin hikō buttai) ^(←みかくにんひかうぶったい (mikakuninfikaubuttai)?)

未確認飛行物体 (canonical)
mikakunin hikō buttai (romanization)
mikakuninfikaubuttai (romanization)
みかくにんひかうぶったい (hiragana historical)

みかくにんひこーぶったい

[mʲika̠kɯ̟ᵝɲ̟ĩɰ̃ çi̥ko̞ː bɯ̟ᵝt̚ta̠i]

From 未確認 (mikakunin, “unidentified”) + 飛行 (hikō, “flying”) + 物体 (buttai, “object”), calque of English unidentified flying object.


光度

光度 (canonical)
kōdo (romanization)
kwaudo (romanization)
くゎうど (hiragana historical)


天河

From Middle Chinese 天河 (*ten *ha, literally “heavenly river”). Compare Mandarin 天河 (Tiānhé, “Milky Way”), Vietnamese thiên hà (“galaxy”).

der

(astronomy) Synonym of 銀河系 (Gingakei, “Milky Way”)


宇宙空間

ja-noun

宇(う)宙(ちゅう)空(くう)間(かん) • (uchū kūkan) ^(←うちうくうかん (utiukuukan)?)

宇宙空間 (canonical)
uchū kūkan (romanization)
utiukuukan (romanization)
うちうくうかん (hiragana historical)

[ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝː kɯ̟ᵝːkã̠ɴ]

From 宇宙 (uchū, “universe”) + 空間 (kūkan, “space”).


二十八宿

二十八宿 (canonical)
Nijūhasshuku (romanization)


兎座

兎 (Usagi, “rabbit”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


きりん座

麒麟 (kirin, “giraffe”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


おおかみ座

おおかみ座 (canonical)
Ōkamiza (romanization)

狼 (ōkami, “wolf”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


小熊座

小 (ko-, “small”) + 熊 (kuma, “bear”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


小犬座

小 (ko-, “small”) + 犬 (inu, “dog”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


矮小銀河

矮小銀河 (canonical)
waishōginga (romanization)


準褐色矮星

ja-noun

じゅんかっしょくわいせい

準(じゅん)褐(かっ)色(しょく)矮(わい)星(せい) • (junkasshokuwaisei)

準褐色矮星 (canonical)
junkasshokuwaisei (romanization)


くじら座

くじら座 (canonical)
Kujiraza (romanization)

[kɯ̟ᵝʑiɾa̠za̠]

鯨 (kujira, “whale”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


周極星

周極星 (canonical)
shūkyokusei (romanization)


とも座

艫 (tomo, “stern”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


はと座

鳩 (Hato, “pigeon, dove”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


はえ座

蝿 (hae, “fly”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


わし座

鷲 (washi, “eagle”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


からす座

からす座 (canonical)
Karasuza (romanization)

烏 (karasu, “crow”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


くじゃく座

くじゃく座 (canonical)
Kujakuza (romanization)

[kɯ̟ᵝʑa̠kɯ̟ᵝza̠]

孔雀 (kujaku, “peafowl”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


つる座

[t͡sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝza̠]

鶴 (tsuru, “crane”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


いるか座

From 海豚(いるか) (iruka, “dolphin”) + 座(ざ) (-za, “constellation”).


おひつじ座

おひつじ座 (canonical)
Ohitsujiza (romanization)

牡羊 (ohitsuji, “ram”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


双児宮

ja-pos

双(そう)児(じ)宮(きゅう) • (Sōjikyū) ^(←さうじきゆう (sauzikyuu)?)

双児宮 (canonical)
Sōjikyū (romanization)
sauzikyuu (romanization)
さうじきゆう (hiragana historical)

双児 (sōji, “twins”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


かに座

蟹 (kani, “crab”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


おとめ座

乙女 (otome, “maiden”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ふたご座

ふたご座 (canonical)
Futagoza (romanization)

[ɸɯ̟ᵝta̠ɡo̞za̠]

双子 (futago, “twins”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


しし座

獅子 (shishi, “lion”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


さそり座

さそり座 (canonical)
Sasoriza (romanization)

蠍 (sasori, “scorpion”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


へびつかい座

へびつかい座 (canonical)
Hebitsukaiza (romanization)

蛇遣い (hebitsukai, “snake charmer”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


てんびん座

てんびん座 (canonical)
Tenbinza (romanization)

天秤 (tenbin, “scale”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


うお座

魚 (uo, “fish”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


やぎ座

山羊 (yagi, “goat”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


いて座

射手 (ite, “archer”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


双子宮

ja-pos

双(そう)子(し)宮(きゅう) • (Sōshikyū) ^(←さうしきゆう (sausikyuu)?)

双子宮 (canonical)
Sōshikyū (romanization)
sausikyuu (romanization)
さうしきゆう (hiragana historical)

[so̞ːɕi̥kʲɨᵝː]

双子 (sōshi, “twins”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)

suf

(astrology) Synonym of 双児宮 (Sōjikyū, “Gemini”)


磨羯宮

磨羯宮 (canonical)
Makatsukyū (romanization)

[ma̠ka̠t͡sɨ̥ᵝkʲɨᵝː]


宝瓶宮

[ho̞ːhe̞ːkʲɨᵝː]

宝 (hō, “precious”) + 瓶 (hei, “jar”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


双魚宮

ja-pos

双(そう)魚(ぎょ)宮(きゅう) • (Sōgyokyū) ^(←さうぎよきゆう (saugyokyuu)?)

双魚宮 (canonical)
Sōgyokyū (romanization)
saugyokyuu (romanization)
さうぎよきゆう (hiragana historical)

[so̞ːɡʲo̞kʲɨᵝː]

双 (sōgyo, “twin”) + 魚 (gyo, “fish”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


天蝎宮

天蝎宮 (canonical)
Tenkatsukyū (romanization)

[tẽ̞ŋka̠t͡sɨ̥ᵝkʲɨᵝː]

天 (ten, “sky”) + 蝎 (katsu, “scorpion”) + 宮 (kyū, “astrological sign”)


獅子宮

獅子宮 (canonical)
Shishikyū (romanization)

[ɕi̥ɕikʲɨᵝː]

獅子 (shishi, “lion”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


天秤宮

天秤宮 (canonical)
Tenbinkyū (romanization)

[tẽ̞mbʲĩŋʲkʲɨᵝː]

天秤 (tenbin, “scale”) + 宮 (-kyū, “astrological sign”)


宇宙工学

宇宙工学 (canonical)
uchū kōgaku (romanization)

[ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝː ko̞ːɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

From 宇宙 (uchū, “universe”) + 工学 (kōgaku, “engineering”).


緑閃光

緑閃光 (canonical)
ryokusenkō (romanization)

[ɾʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝsẽ̞ŋko̞ː]


緑光

ja-noun

緑(りょっ)光(こう) • (ryokkō) ^(←りよくくわう (ryokukwau)?)

緑光 (canonical)
ryokkō (romanization)
ryokukwau (romanization)
りよくくわう (hiragana historical)

[ɾʲo̞k̚ko̞ː]


テレポート

テレポートする (canonical)
terepōto suru (romanization)
テレポートし (stem)
テレポートした (past)
テレポートし
terepōto shi
テレポートする
terepōto suru
テレポートすれ
terepōto sure
テレポートせよ (imperative literary)
テレポートしろ (colloquial imperative)
terepōto seyo (imperative literary)
terepōto shiro (colloquial imperative)
テレポートされる (passive)
terepōto sareru (passive)
テレポートさせる (causative)
テレポートさす (causative)
terepōto saseru (causative)
terepōto sasu (causative)
テレポートできる (potential)
terepōto dekiru (potential)
テレポートしよう (volitional)
terepōto shiyō (volitional)
テレポートしない (negative)
terepōto shinai (negative)
テレポートせず (continuative negative)
terepōto sezu (continuative negative)
テレポートします (formal)
terepōto shimasu (formal)
テレポートした (perfective)
terepōto shita (perfective)
テレポートして (conjunctive)
terepōto shite (conjunctive)
テレポートすれば (conditional hypothetical)
terepōto sureba (conditional hypothetical)

From English teleport. See also テレポーテーション (terepōtēshon).

しちゃうの？テレポートしちゃうのねキッド‼
Shichau no? Terepōto shichau no ne Kiddo‼
He’s gonna do it? Kid’s gonna teleport!!
んなわけねーだろ？絶対可憐チルドレンの薫ちゃんじゃあるまいし…
Nna wakenē daro? Zettai Karen Chirudoren no Kaoru-chan ja aru mai shi…
For real? It’s not like he was Kaoru-chan from Absolutely Adorable Children or something…
え？
E?
What?
知らねぇのか サンデーのまんが！
Shiranē no ka Sandē no manga!
You’ve never heard of it? It’s a Sunday manga!
——てか、瞬間移動は葵ちゃんだし…
——Te ka, shunkan idō wa Aoi-chan da shi…
—Teleportation is more of Aoi-chan’s thing, though…

2008 April 8, Gosho Aoyama, “FILE.2 瞬間移動 [File 2: Teleportation]”, in 名探偵コナン (名探偵コナン) [Legendary Detective Conan], volume 61 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan


箒星

箒(ほうき)星(ぼし) • (hōkiboshi) ^(←はうきぼし (faukibosi)?)

箒星 (canonical)
hōkiboshi (romanization)
faukibosi (romanization)
はうきぼし (hiragana historical)

Compound of 箒 (hōki, “broom”, in reference to the sweeping tail) + 星 (hoshi, “star”). The hoshi changes to boshi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


準星

[d͡ʑɨ̃ᵝɰ̃se̞ː]

クエーサー クエーサー#Japanese

(astronomy) Synonym of クエーサー (kuēsā, “quasar”)


パルサー

[pa̠ɾɯ̟ᵝsa̠ː]


多元宇宙

多元宇宙 (canonical)
tagen uchū (romanization)

[ta̠ɡẽ̞ɰ̃ ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝː]

From 多元 (tagen, “multidimensional”) + 宇宙 (uchū, “universe”).


大気圏

Compound of 大気 (taiki, “the air, the atmosphere”) + 圏 (ken, “sphere, area, realm”).

compound

2001 August 27, Kozue Amano, “Navigation01 水の惑星 [Navigation 01: The Water Planet]”, in AQUA (AQUA) [AQUA], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Enix, page 5

けっ…Ｋ点どころか 大気圏ブチ抜いたァァァァァァ‼

2011 April 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第三百三十六訓 忘年会でも忘れちゃいけないものがある [Lesson 336: There Are Things You Can’t Forget Even at a Forgetting-Last-Year Party]”, in 銀魂 (銀魂) [Silver Soul], volume 39 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha

F…Forget the K-point, I just ejected right through the freaking atmosphere!!

Ke'…Kē-ten dokoroka taikiken buchi nuitaaaaaaa‼

(meteorology) an atmosphere (gases surrounding an astronomical body)

Atmosphere
Daijirin
Daijisen
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
ja:大気圏
ja:松村明


間欠泉

間欠泉 (canonical)
kanketsusen (romanization)

→ Chinese: 間歇泉／间歇泉 (jiànxiēquán)

→ Korean: 간헐천 (ganheolcheon)

[kã̠ŋke̞t͡sɨ̥ᵝsẽ̞ɴ]

間欠 (kanketsu, “intermittent”) + 泉 (sen, “spring”)
欠 is a daiyōji replacing 歇.

com

(planetology, geology, volcanology) a geyser


アルタイル

[a̠ɾɯ̟ᵝta̠iɾɯ̟ᵝ]


彦星

From 彦 (hiko, “prince; lord”) + 星 (hoshi, “star”).

af

アルタイル アルタイル#Japanese

(astronomy) Synonym of アルタイル (Arutairu, “Altair”)


牽牛星

ja-pos

牽(けん)牛(ぎゅう)星(せい) • (Kengyūsei) ^(←けんぎうせい (kengiusei)?)

牽牛星 (canonical)
Kengyūsei (romanization)
kengiusei (romanization)
けんぎうせい (hiragana historical)

[kẽ̞ŋʲɡʲɨᵝːse̞ː]

アルタイル アルタイル#Japanese


織女星

織女星 (canonical)
Orihimeboshi (romanization)
しょくじょせい (alternative hiragana)
Shokujosei (Rōmaji)
しよくぢよせい (hiragana historical)

[ɕo̞kɯ̟ᵝʑo̞se̞ː]

From 織姫 (Orihime) + 星 (-hoshi, “star”), or alternatively from 織女 (shokujo, “weaving woman”) + 星 (-sei, “star”). The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 織女星／织女星 (Zhīnǚxīng).

suf

(astronomy) Synonym of ベガ (Bega, “Vega”)


馬頭星雲

馬頭星雲 (canonical)
Batō Seiun (romanization)

[ba̠to̞ː se̞ːɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]


ワームホール

ja-noun

ワームホール • (wāmuhōru)

[ɰᵝa̠ːmɯ̟ᵝho̞ːɾɯ̟ᵝ]


分点

[bɯ̟̃ᵝntẽ̞ɴ]


フェンリル

[ɸẽ̞nɾʲiɾɯ̟ᵝ]


流星群

流星群 (canonical)
ryūseigun (romanization)

[ɾʲɨᵝːse̞ːɡɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]


銀河団

[ɡʲĩŋɡa̠dã̠ɴ]

無数の銀河団が大宇宙のすみずみにまでちらばっています。

2002 September 30 [1996 September 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太と銀河超特急 (のび太と銀河超特急) [Nobita and the Galaxy Express] (大長編ドラえもん; 16), 20th edition, volume 16 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 40

Countless galaxy clusters scatter across every corner in the cosmos.

Musū no gingadan ga daiuchū no sumizumi ni made chirabatteimasu.

超銀河団

超銀河団 ちょうぎんがだん


カメレオン座

カメレオン座 (canonical)
Kamereon-za (romanization)

カメレオン (kamereon, “chameleon”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


星群

[se̞ːɡɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

(astronomy) asterism (small group of stars)


ペガスス座

ペガスス座 (canonical)
Pegasusu-za (romanization)

[pe̞ɡa̠sɨ̥ᵝsɨᵝza̠]

ペガスス (Pegasusu, “Pegasus”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


や座

矢 (ya, “bow”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ぎょしゃ座

ぎょしゃ座 (canonical)
Gyoshaza (romanization)

[ɡʲo̞ɕa̠za̠]

馭者 (gyosha, “charioteer”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ペルセウス座

ペルセウス座 (canonical)
Peruseusu-za (romanization)

[pe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝse̞ɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝ d͡za̠]

ペルセウス (Peruseusu, “Perseus”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


りょうけん座

りょうけん座 (canonical)
Ryōkenza (romanization)

[ɾʲo̞ːkẽ̞nd͡za̠]

猟犬 (ryōken, “hunting dog”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ほうおう座

ja-pos

ほうおう座(ざ) • (Hōōza)

鳳凰 (hōō, “Chinese phoenix”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


とかげ座

とかげ座 (canonical)
Tokageza (romanization)

蜥蜴 (tokage, “lizard”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ケルベルス

[ke̞ɾɯ̟ᵝbe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝ]

Learned borrowing from Latin Cerberus, from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos).

(astronomy) an asteroid, properly 1865 Cerberus


ヘルクレス座

ヘルクレス座 (canonical)
Herukuresu-za (romanization)

[he̞ɾɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝɾe̞sɨᵝza̠]

ヘルクレス (Herukuresu, “Hercules”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


コップ座

コップ座 (canonical)
Koppu-za (romanization)

コップ (koppu, “cup”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ケルベルス座

ケルベルス座 (canonical)
Keruberusu-za (romanization)

[ke̞ɾɯ̟ᵝbe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝza̠]

ケルベルス (Keruberusu, “Cerberus”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


さいだん座

さいだん座 (canonical)
Saidanza (romanization)

祭壇 (saidan, “altar”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ケフェウス座

ケフェウス座 (canonical)
Kefeusu-za (romanization)

[ke̞ɸe̞ɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝza̠]

ケフェウス (Kefeusu, “Cepheus”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


みなみじゅうじ座

みなみじゅうじ座 (canonical)
Minami-Jūjiza (romanization)

南 (minami, “south”) + 十字 (jūji, “cross”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


うみへび座

うみへび座 (canonical)
Umihebiza (romanization)

海蛇 (umihebi, “sea snake”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


こじし座

こじし座 (canonical)
Kojishiza (romanization)

小 (ko, “small”) + 獅子 (shishi, “lion”) + 座 (za, “constellation”)


さんかく座

さんかく座 (canonical)
Sankakuza (romanization)

[sã̠ŋka̠kɯ̟ᵝza̠]

三角 (sankaku, “triangular”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


レチクル座

レチクル座 (canonical)
Rechikuru-za (romanization)

[ɾe̞t͡ɕi̥kɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝza̠]


ろくぶんぎ座

ろくぶんぎ座 (canonical)
Rokubungiza (romanization)

[ɾo̞kɯ̟ᵝbɯ̟̃ᵝŋʲɡʲiza̠]

六分儀 (rokubungi, “sextant”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


いっかくじゅう座

いっかくじゅう座 (canonical)
Ikkakujūza (romanization)

[ik̚ka̠kɯ̟ᵝʑɨᵝːza̠]

一角獣 (ikkakujū, “unicorn”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ほ座

帆 (ho, “sail”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


こうま座

小 (ko, “small”) + 馬 (uma, “horse”) + 座 (za, “constellation”)


やまねこ座

やまねこ座 (canonical)
Yamanekoza (romanization)

山猫 (yamaneko, “wildcat”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


うしかい座

うしかい座 (canonical)
Ushikaiza (romanization)

牛飼い (ushikai, “cattleman”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


コンパス座

コンパス座 (canonical)
Konpasu-za (romanization)

コンパス (konpasu, “compasses”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


とけい座

時計 (tokei, “tokei”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


かんむり座

かんむり座 (canonical)
Kanmuriza (romanization)

[kã̠mːɯ̟ᵝɾʲiza̠]

冠 (kanmuri, “crown”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


かじき座

かじき座 (canonical)
Kajikiza (romanization)

旗魚 (kajiki, “marlin”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ポンプ座

ポンプ座 (canonical)
Ponpu-za (romanization)

ポンプ (ponpu, “pump”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


とびうお座

とびうお座 (canonical)
Tobiuoza (romanization)

飛魚 (tobiuo, “flying fish”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


ろ座

炉 (ro, “furnace”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


けんびきょう座

けんびきょう座 (canonical)
Kenbikyōza (romanization)

顕微鏡 (kenbikyō, “microscope”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


じょうぎ座

[d͡ʑo̞ːɡʲiza̠]

定規 (jōgi, “ruler”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


りゅうこつ座

りゅうこつ座 (canonical)
Ryūkotsuza (romanization)

[ɾʲɨᵝːko̞t͡sɨᵝza̠]

竜骨 (ryūkotsu, “keel”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


がか座

画架 (gaka, “easel”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


らしんばん座

らしんばん座 (canonical)
Rashinbanza (romanization)

羅針盤 (rashinban, “compass”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


はちぶんぎ座

はちぶんぎ座 (canonical)
Hachibungiza (romanization)

[ha̠t͡ɕibɯ̟̃ᵝŋʲɡʲiza̠]

八分儀 (hachibungi, “octant”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


かみのけ座

かみのけ座 (canonical)
Kaminokeza (romanization)

髪(かみ)の毛(け) (kami no ke, “head hair”) + 座(ざ) (za, “constellation”)


ちょうこくしつ座

ちょうこくしつ座 (canonical)
Chōkokushitsuza (romanization)

[t͡ɕo̞ːko̞kɯ̟̊ᵝɕi̥t͡sɨᵝza̠]

彫刻 (chōkoku, “sculpture”) + 室 (shitsu, “room”) + 座 (za, “constellation”)


ぼうえんきょう座

ja-pos

ぼうえんきょう座(ざ) • (Bōenkyōza) ^(←ばうゑんきやうざ (bawenkyauza)?)

ぼうえんきょう座 (canonical)
Bōenkyōza (romanization)
bawenkyauza (romanization)
ばうゑんきやうざ (hiragana historical)

[bo̞ːẽ̞ŋʲkʲo̞ːza̠]

望遠鏡 (bōenkyō, “telescope”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


たて座

楯 (tate, “shield”) + 座 (-za, “constellation”)


テーブルさん座

テーブルさん座 (canonical)
Tēburu-san-za (romanization)

[te̞ːbɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝsã̠nd͡za̠]

テーブル (tēburu, “table”) + 山 (san, “mountain”) + 座 (za, “constellation”)


ちょうこくぐ座

ja-pos

ちょうこくぐ座(ざ) • (Chōkokuguza) ^(←てうこくぐざ (teukokuguza)?)

ちょうこくぐ座 (canonical)
Chōkokuguza (romanization)
teukokuguza (romanization)
てうこくぐざ (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕo̞ːko̞kɯ̟ᵝɡɯ̟ᵝza̠]

Compound of 彫刻(ちょうこく) (chōkoku, “to chisel”) + 具(ぐ) (gu, “tool”) + 座(ざ) (-za, “constellation”).


シュワルツシルト半径

ja-noun

^シュワルツシルト はんけい

シュワルツシルト半(はん)径(けい) • (Shuwarutsushiruto hankei)

シュワルツシルト半径 (canonical)
Shuwarutsushiruto hankei (romanization)

シュワルツシルト (Shuwarutsushiruto, from German Schwarzschild) + 半径 (hankei, “radius”)

com

from German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Schwarzschild</i>

Schwarzschild radius
Schwarzschild radius


人工衛星

ja-noun

人(じん)工(こう)衛(えい)星(せい) • (jinkō eisei) ^(←じんこうゑいせい (zinkoweisei)?)

人工衛星 (canonical)
jinkō eisei (romanization)
zinkoweisei (romanization)
じんこうゑいせい (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑĩŋko̞ː e̞ːse̞ː]

人工 (jinkō, “artificial”) + 衛星 (eisei, “satellite”)


コマ

(astronomy) coma, a cloud of dust around the nucleus of a comet


ダークマター

ja-noun

ダークマター • (dāku matā)

Synonym of 暗黒物質 (ankoku busshitsu, “dark matter”)


姮娥

From Middle Chinese 姮娥 (MC nga, “Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon”).

ltc-l

(Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon


昴宿

(Chinese astronomy) the Hairy Head constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, corresponds to the Pleiades in English.


尾宿

[bʲiɕɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]


遠点

遠点 (canonical)
enten (romanization)
wenten (romanization)
ゑんてん (hiragana historical)


朧月

From 朧 (oboro, “haziness”) + 月 (tsuki, “moon”).
The tsuki changes to zuki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

com

the moon on a hazy night, especially during spring


朧月

[ɾo̞ːɡe̞t͡sɨᵝ]

From Middle Chinese 朧月 (MC luwng ngjwot).


天文単位

ja-noun

天(てん)文(もん)単(たん)位(い) • (tenmon tan'i) ^(←てんもんたんゐ (tenmontan'wi)?)

天文単位 (canonical)
tenmon tan'i (romanization)
tenmontan'wi (romanization)
てんもんたんゐ (hiragana historical)

[tẽ̞mːõ̞n tã̠ɰ̃i]

天文 (tenmon, “astronomy”) + 単位 (tan'i, “unit”)


足垂れ星

足垂れ星 (canonical)
Ashitareboshi (romanization)

足 (ashi, “feet”) + 垂れ (tare, “hanging”) + 星 (hoshi, “star”)


月相

ja-noun

月(げっ)相(そう) • (gessō) ^(←げつさう (getusau)?)

月相 (canonical)
gessō (romanization)
getusau (romanization)
げつさう (hiragana historical)


太陽中心説

^たいよう ちゅうしんせつ

太(たい)陽(よう)中(ちゅう)心(しん)説(せつ) • (Taiyō chūshinsetsu)

太陽中心説 (canonical)
Taiyō chūshinsetsu (romanization)

From 太陽 (Taiyō, “Sun”) + 中心 (chūshin, “center”) + 説 (-setsu, “theory”).

af

Synonym of 地動説 (chidōsetsu, “heliocentrism”)


地動説

地動説 (canonical)
chidōsetsu (romanization)

From 地 (chi, “earth”) + 動 (dō, “moving”) + 説 (-setsu, “theory”).


天動説

天動説 (canonical)
tendōsetsu (romanization)

From 天 (ten, “sky”) + 動 (dō, “moving”) + 説 (-setsu, “theory”).


地球中心説

ja-noun

^ちきゅう ちゅうしんせつ

地(ち)球(きゅう)中(ちゅう)心(しん)説(せつ) • (Chikyū chūshinsetsu)

地球中心説 (canonical)
Chikyū chūshinsetsu (romanization)

From 地球 (Chikyū, “Earth”) + 中心 (chūshin, “center”) + 説 (-setsu, “theory”).

af

Synonym of 天動説 (tendōsetsu, “geocentrism”)


金烏

zh-l

金烏／金乌 (jīnwū)

(Chinese mythology) a golden crow, one of the embodiments of the ten suns, nine of whom were shot down by the hero Hou Yi


恒星年

[ko̞ːse̞ːnẽ̞ɴ]


三光

ja-noun

三(さん)光(こう) • (sankō) ^(←さんくゎう (sankwau)?)

三光 (canonical)
sankō (romanization)
sankwau (romanization)
さんくゎう (hiragana historical)

By surface analysis, 三 (“three”) + 光 (“light”), literally “three lights”.


テレポーテーション

ja-noun

テレポーテーション • (terepōtēshon)

[te̞ɾe̞po̞ːte̞ːɕõ̞ɴ]

さあ大変な事になりました‼突然飛び出た怪盗キッドのテレポーテーション宣言‼
Sā taihen na koto ni narimashita‼ Totsuzen tobideta Kaitō Kiddo no terepōtēshon sengen‼

The situation has escalated!! After gliding in out of nowhere, Kaitō Kid said he was going to teleport!!

Synonym of 瞬間移動 (shunkan idō, “teleportation”)


スターバースト銀河

スターバースト銀河 (canonical)
sutābāsuto ginga (romanization)

[sɨᵝta̠ːba̠ːsɨᵝto̞ ɡʲĩŋɡa̠]


天の赤道

天の赤道 (canonical)
ten no sekidō (romanization)

天 (ten, “heaven”) + の (no, “-'s”) + 赤道 (sekidō, “equator”) = “heaven's equator”


天の川銀河

ja-pos

天(あま)の川(がわ)銀(ぎん)河(が) • (Amanogawa Ginga)

天の川銀河 (canonical)
Amanogawa Ginga (romanization)

From 天の川 (Amanogawa, “Milky Way”) + 銀河 (ginga, “galaxy”).


月影

ja-noun

月(つき)影(かげ) or 月(げつ)影(えい) • (tsukikage or getsuei)

月影 (canonical)
月影 (canonical)
tsukikage (romanization)
getsuei (romanization)

[ɡe̞t͡sɨᵝe̞ː]

From 月 (tsuki; getsu, “moon”) + 影 (kage; ei, “light; shadow”).


ブレーザー

ja-noun

ブレーザー • (burēzā)


宇宙物理学

宇(う)宙(ちゅう)物(ぶつ)理(り)学(がく) • (uchū butsurigaku) ^(←うちうぶつりがく (utiubuturigaku)?)

宇宙物理学 (canonical)
uchū butsurigaku (romanization)
utiubuturigaku (romanization)
うちうぶつりがく (hiragana historical)

[ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝː bɯ̟ᵝt͡sɨᵝɾʲiɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

From 宇宙 (uchū, “universe”) + 物理学 (butsurigaku, “physics”).

af

天体物理学 天体物理学#Japanese

Synonym of 天体物理学 (tentai butsurigaku, “astrophysics”)


太陽日

ja-noun

太(たい)陽(よう)日(じつ) • (taiyōjitsu) ^(←たいやうじつ (tayauzitu)?)

太陽日 (canonical)
taiyōjitsu (romanization)
tayauzitu (romanization)
たいやうじつ (hiragana historical)


大将軍

大(たい)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) • (taishōgun) ^(←たいしやうぐん (taisyaugun)?)

大将軍 (canonical)
taishōgun (romanization)
taisyaugun (romanization)
たいしやうぐん (hiragana historical)

[ta̠iɕo̞ːɡɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

From Middle Chinese 大將軍 (MC dajH tsjang kjun), equivalent to 大 (tai-, “great, major”) + 将軍 (shogun, “commander”).

prefix

(cosmology) in Onmyodo, one of the eight gods of the 暦 (koyomi, “almanac”)


幻日

ja-noun

幻(げん)日(じつ) • (genjitsu) ^(←げんじつ (genzitu)?)

幻日 (canonical)
genjitsu (romanization)
genzitu (romanization)
げんじつ (hiragana historical)

[ɡẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑit͡sɨᵝ]


インディアン座

インディアン座 (canonical)
Indianza (romanization)

インディアン (Indian, “Indian”) + 座(ざ) (za, suffix to make the name of constellation).


超銀河団

超銀河団 (canonical)
chōgingadan (romanization)

Compound of 超 (“super”) + 銀河団 (“galaxy cluster”)


黒点

[ko̞kɯ̟̊ᵝtẽ̞ɴ]

太陽黒点

太陽黒点 たいようこくてん


日向水

日向水 (canonical)
hinatamizu (romanization)

日向 (hinata, “where the sun shines”) + 水 (mizu, “water”)


木星型惑星

ja-noun

^もくせいがた わくせい

木(もく)星(せい)型(がた)惑(わく)星(せい) • (Mokuseigata wakusei)

木星型惑星 (canonical)
Mokuseigata wakusei (romanization)

[mo̞kɯ̟̊ᵝse̞ːɡa̠ta̠ ɰᵝa̠kɯ̟̊ᵝse̞ː]

木星 (“Jupiter”) + 型 (“-type”) + 惑星 (“planet”)


地球型惑星

ja-noun

^ちきゅうがた わくせい

地(ち)球(きゅう)型(がた)惑(わく)星(せい) • (Chikyūgata wakusei) ^(←ちきうがたわくせい (Tikiugata wakusei)?)

地球型惑星 (canonical)
Chikyūgata wakusei (romanization)
Tikiugata wakusei (romanization)
ちきうがたわくせい (hiragana historical)

[t͡ɕikʲɨᵝːɡa̠ta̠ ɰᵝa̠kɯ̟̊ᵝse̞ː]

地球 (“Earth”) + 型 (“-type”) + 惑星 (“planet”)


陰陽寮

(history, government, astronomy, divination) a 律令 (ritsuryō) department under the 中務省 (Nakatsukasashō, “Ministry of the Center”), responsible for astronomical, timekeeping and divination affairs


陰陽寮

ja-pos

^おんよう の ^つかさ

陰陽寮 (canonical)
On'yō no Tsukasa (romanization)

陰陽 (“yin-yang”) + の (genitive marker) + 寮 (“office”)


陰陽寮

陰陽寮 (canonical)
Ura no Tsukasa (romanization)

占 (ura, “divination”) + の (no, genitive marker) + 寮 (tsukasa, “office”)


光球

ja-noun

光(こう)球(きゅう) • (kōkyū)


赤経

赤経(せきけい) or 赤(せっ)経(けい) • (sekikei or sekkei)

赤経 (canonical)
赤経 (canonical)
sekikei (romanization)
sekkei (romanization)


金烏玉兎

金烏玉兎 (canonical)
kin'u gyokuto (romanization)

[kʲĩɰ̃ɯ̟ᵝ ɡʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝto̞]

Yojijukugo (四字熟語), from 金烏 (“the golden crow; the sun”) + 玉兎 (“the jade rabbit; the moon”), Chinese 金烏玉兔／金乌玉兔 (jīnwūyùtù).

af

(literary) Synonym of 日月 (jitsugetsu, “the sun and the moon”)


迷い星

迷い星 (canonical)
mayoiboshi (romanization)


天体力学

ja-noun

天(てん)体(たい)力(りき)学(がく) • (tentai rikigaku)

天体力学 (canonical)
tentai rikigaku (romanization)

天体 (“celestial body”) + 力学 (“mechanics”)

af

(astronomy, mechanics) celestial mechanics


一等星

ja-noun

一(いっ)等(とう)星(せい) • (ittōsei) ^(←いつとうせい (itutousei)?)

一等星 (canonical)
ittōsei (romanization)
itutousei (romanization)
いつとうせい (hiragana historical)

(astronomy) star of the first magnitude; (loosely) brightest star in the sky


黒体放射

黒(こく)体(たい)放(ほう)射(しゃ) • (kokutai hōsha) ^(←こくたいはうしゃ (kokutai fausya)?)

黒体放射 (canonical)
kokutai hōsha (romanization)
kokutai fausya (romanization)
こくたいはうしゃ (hiragana historical)

(physics, astronomy) black-body radiation


大赤斑

大赤斑 (canonical)
Daisekihan (romanization)


明けの明星

明けの明星 (canonical)
ake no myōjō (romanization)


南中

[nã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕɨᵝː]


食する

ja-verb

食(しょく)する • (shokusuru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 食(しょく)し (shokushi), past 食(しょく)した (shokushita))

食する (canonical)
shokusuru (romanization)
食し (stem)
食した (past)
食さ
食し
しょくさ
しょくし
shokusa
shokushi
食する
しょくする
shokusuru
食すれ
しょくすれ
shokusure
食せ
食しろ
食せよ
しょくせ
しょくしろ
しょくせよ
shokuse
shokushiro
shokuseyo
食される (passive)
しょくされる (passive)
shokusareru (passive)
食させる (causative)
食さす (causative)
しょくさせる (causative)
しょくさす (causative)
shokusaseru (causative)
shokusasu (causative)
食せる (potential)
しょくせる (potential)
shokuseru (potential)
食そう (volitional)
食しよう (volitional)
しょくそう (volitional)
しょくしよう (volitional)
shokusō (volitional)
shokushiyō (volitional)
食さない (negative)
食しない (negative)
しょくさない (negative)
しょくしない (negative)
shokusanai (negative)
shokushinai (negative)
食さず (continuative negative)
しょくさず (continuative negative)
shokusazu (continuative negative)
食します (formal)
しょくします (formal)
shokushimasu (formal)
食した (perfective)
しょくした (perfective)
shokushita (perfective)
食して (conjunctive)
しょくして (conjunctive)
shokushite (conjunctive)
食すれば (conditional hypothetical)
食せば (conditional hypothetical)
しょくすれば (conditional hypothetical)
しょくせば (conditional hypothetical)
shokusureba (conditional hypothetical)
shokuseba (conditional hypothetical)

[ɕo̞kɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]

(astronomy) to eclipse (often, but not exclusively, the sun or the moon)


黄緯

黄緯 (canonical)
kōi (romanization)
kwauwi (romanization)
くわうゐ (hiragana historical)

Coordinate term: 黄経 (kōkei)

(astronomy) the ecliptic latitude in the ecliptic coordinate system


宇宙ステーション

宇宙ステーション (canonical)
uchū sutēshon (romanization)

[ɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕɨᵝː sɨ̥ᵝte̞ːɕõ̞ɴ]


朱鳥

ja-pos

朱(しゅ)鳥(ちょう) or 朱(す)鳥(ちょう) • (Shuchō or Suchō)

朱鳥 (canonical)
朱鳥 (canonical)
Shuchō (romanization)
Suchō (romanization)

(astronomy) general term for the seven mansions of the south in Chinese astronomy


レボリューション

[ɾe̞bo̞ɾʲɨᵝːɕõ̞ɴ]

(astronomy) revolution (traversal of one body along an orbit around another body)