ロマンス諸語

ロマンス諸語 (canonical)
Romansu shogo (romanization)

[ɾo̞mã̠ɰ̃sɨ̥ ɕo̞ɡo̞]


バルト語派

バルト語派 (canonical)
Baruto goha (romanization)


ケルト語派

ケルト語派 (canonical)
Keruto goha (romanization)


スラブ語派

スラブ語派 (canonical)
Surabu goha (romanization)

[sɨɾa̠bɯ̟ ɡo̞ha̠]

スラヴ語派 スラヴ語派#Japanese


スラヴ語派

スラヴ語派 (canonical)
Suravu goha (romanization)

[sɨɾa̠bɯ̟ ɡo̞ha̠]


イタリック語派

イタリック語派 (canonical)
Itarikku goha (romanization)


ゲルマン語派

ゲルマン語派 (canonical)
Geruman goha (romanization)

[ɡe̞ɾɯ̟ma̠ŋ ɡo̞ha̠]


オーストラリア諸語

ja-pos

^オーストラリア しょご

オーストラリア諸語 (canonical)
Ōsutoraria shogo (romanization)

[o̞ːsɨ̥to̞ɾa̠ɾʲia̠ ɕo̞ɡo̞]

ja:オーストラリア諸語


インド・ヨーロッパ語族

インド・ヨーロッパごぞく

インド・ヨーロッパ語(ご)族(ぞく) • (Indo Yōroppagozoku)

インド・ヨーロッパ語族 (canonical)
Indo Yōroppagozoku (romanization)

インド (Indo, “India”) + ヨーロッパ (Yōroppa, “Europe”) + 語族 (gozoku, “language family”)

com

ja:インド・ヨーロッパ語族


オーストロアジア語族

ja-pos

^オーストロアジア ごぞく

オーストロアジア語(ご)族(ぞく) • (Ōsutoroajia gozoku)

オーストロアジア語族 (canonical)
Ōsutoroajia gozoku (romanization)

[o̞ːsɨ̥to̞ɾo̞a̠ʑia̠ ɡo̞zo̞kɯ̟]

ja:オーストロアジア語族


オーストロネシア語族

^オーストロネシア ごぞく

オーストロネシア語(ご)族(ぞく) • (Ōsutoroneshia gozoku)

オーストロネシア語族 (canonical)
Ōsutoroneshia gozoku (romanization)

[o̞ːsɨ̥to̞ɾo̞ne̞ɕia̠ ɡo̞zo̞kɯ̟]

オーストロネシア (Ōsutoroneshia, “Austronesia”) + 語族 (gozoku, “language family”)

com

ja:オーストロネシア語族


晶子

ja-pos

晶(あき)子(こ) or 晶(まさ)子(こ) or 晶(しょう)子(こ) • (Akiko or Masako or Shōko)

晶子 (canonical)
晶子 (canonical)
晶子 (canonical)
Akiko (romanization)
Masako (romanization)
Shōko (romanization)


聖域

ja-noun

聖(せい)域(いき) • (seiiki) ^(←せいゐき (seiwiki)?)

聖域 (canonical)
seiiki (romanization)
seiwiki (romanization)
せいゐき (hiragana historical)


和製漢語

和製漢語 (canonical)
wasei kango (romanization)

[β̞a̠se̞ː kã̠ŋɡo̞]

和製 (wasei, “Japanese-made”) + 漢語 (kango, “Japanese word of Chinese origin”)

com

Japanese-made Chinese-character-based words, wasei kango


白雪

Compound of 白 (shira, “white”) + 雪 (yuki, “snow”).


三和

Compound of 三 (mi, “three”) + 和 (wa, “harmony”).


上海語

上海語 (canonical)
Shanhai-go (romanization)

[ɕã̠ɰ̃ha̠iɡo̞]

上海 (Shanhai, “Shanghai”) + 語 (-go, “language”)


しづか

ja-pos

しづか or しずか • (Shizuka) ^(←しづか (siduka)?)

しづか (canonical)
しずか (canonical)
Shizuka (romanization)
siduka (romanization)
しづか (hiragana historical)

しづ可, しづ香, 梓都加, 史束, 史津佳, 史津加, 史津歌, 史都佳: a female given name

姿津佳, 姿津香, 師月花, 志づか, 志束, 志津佳, 志津加, 志津嘉: a female given name

志津花, 志津香, 志鶴花, 志鶴香, 志都佳, 志都加, 志都香, 糸津香: a female given name

紫都夏, 詩津加, 詩津華, 詩津香, 詩都可, 詩都香, 資司, 偲津香: a female given name

信津佳, 信津香, 心静, 静香, 禅, 寧, 白鶴神: a female given name


あゆみ

歩実, 歩美, 鮎己, 杏結実, 安結実, 愛結実, 安祐美, 亜結実: a female given name

亜由美, 亜裕美, 亜佑実, 亜佑美, 亜佑巳, 亜侑美, 亜侑実, 亜優美: a female given name

亜由実, 亜有美, 明由美, 麻由美, 鮎実, 鮎未, 鮎美, 鮎見: a female given name

阿佑美, 阿由美, 阿弓, 亜弓, 愛美, 亜夕美, 亜友美, 亜輸美: a female given name

亜裕実, 亜結美, 亜結深, 亜祐美, 亜祐海, 亜祐未, 亜祐弥, 亜祐実: a female given name

亜由未, 亜由巳, 亜柚実, 亜有未, 亜有望, 亜有実, 亜悠美, 亜悠海: a female given name

亜悠実, 亜夕実, 亜唯美, 亜友未, 亜友実, 亜優海, 亜優巳, 亜優実: a female given name


ふゆみ

Unknown.
A surface analysis suggests that the initial fuyu portion might be 冬 (fuyu, “winter”). The final mi is a common ending element in female given names, and might be from 実 (mi, “fruit, seed; result, offspring”, cognate with 身 (mi, “body”)).
As with many names, there is a wide variety of possible kanji spellings, where the kanji characters themselves lend additional meanings and nuances to the name.


さやか

Various 名乗り (nanori) readings of kanji, with most deriving from a nominalization of sayaka above.

咲也香, 紗也香, 沙弥佳, 沙耶香, 沙也加, 早矢香, 佐哉香: a female given name


古ノルド語

古ノルド語 (canonical)
Ko-Norudo-go (romanization)

古 (ko-, “old”) + ノルド語 (Norudo-go, “Nordic languages”)


インド英語

インド (Indo, “India”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)


オーストラリア英語

オーストラリア英語 (canonical)
Ōsutoraria Eigo (romanization)

オーストラリア (Ōsutoraria, “Australia”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)

ja:オーストラリア英語


イギリス英語

イギリス英語 (canonical)
Igirisu Eigo (romanization)

イギリス (Igirisu, “Britain”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)


ニュージーランド英語

ja-pos

ニュー ジーランド えいご

ニュージーランド英語 (canonical)
Nyū Jīrando Eigo (romanization)

ニュージーランド (Nyū Jīrando, “New Zealand”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)

compound

ja:ニュージーランド英語


フィリピン英語

フィリピン英語 (canonical)
Firipin Eigo (romanization)

フィリピン (Firipin, “Philippines”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)


スコットランド英語

スコットランド英語 (canonical)
Sukottorando Eigo (romanization)

スコットランド (Sukottorando, “Britain”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)

ja:スコットランド英語


いさ

いさ (canonical)
イサ (canonical)
Isa (romanization)


カナダ英語

カナダ英語 (canonical)
Kanada Eigo (romanization)

カナダ (Kanada, “Canada”) + 英語 (Eigo, “English language”)


スコットランド語

スコットランド語 (canonical)
Sukottorandogo (romanization)

スコットランド (Sukottorando, “Scotland”) + 語 (-go, “language”)


スコットランド・ゲール語

ja-noun

^スコットランド・^ゲール-ご

スコットランド・ゲール語(ご) • (Sukottorando Gēru-go)

スコットランド・ゲール語 (canonical)
Sukottorando Gēru-go (romanization)

スコットランド (Sukottorando, “Scotland”) + ゲール語 (Gēru-go, “Goidelic language”)

compound

ja:スコットランド・ゲール語


平声

ja-noun

平(ひょう)声(しょう) or 平(へい)声(せい) • (hyōshō or heisei)

平声 (canonical)
平声 (canonical)
hyōshō (romanization)
heisei (romanization)

(Chinese phonetics) the level tone (contrasting with the 仄声 (sokusei, “oblique tones”) among the 四声 (shisei, “four tones”) of Middle Chinese)


たかこ

江子, 孝子, 高子, 崇子, 隆子, 喬子, 尭子, 昂子: a female given name


みほ

実穂, 美穂, 美保, 未歩, 美帆, 美歩: a female given name


こはる

和, 小陽, 小春, 琴温, 古春, 呼春, 香春, 湖春: a female given name

湖暖, 湖悠, 湖陽, 胡春, 胡遥, 虎春, 鼓晴, 瑚花: a female given name

瑚華, 瑚春, 倖春, 好悠, 紅温, 紅春, 香花, 香晴: a female given name

香遥, 香陽, 子晴, 小花, 小桜, 小晴, 小暖, 小遥: a female given name

心温, 心花, 心春, 心晴, 心暖, 心悠, 心遥, 心陽: a female given name

虹春, 虹晴, 虹遥, 虹陽, 木春, 来温, 来春, 来晴: a female given name

来暖, 恋春, 子治, 胡羽留, 小波瑠: a female given name


ゆうこ

ja-pos

ゆうこ • (Yūko)

優子, 裕子, 祐子, 夕子, 有子, 悠子, 侑子, 結子: a female given name


ジェー

The name of the Latin-script letter J/j.


ブークモール

ja-noun

ブークモール • (būkumōru)

Borrowed from Norwegian Bokmål bokmål (“Book Language”).


南アジア語族

ja-pos

^みなみ ^アジア ごぞく

南(みなみ)アジア語(ご)族(ぞく) • (Minami Ajia gozoku)

南アジア語族 (canonical)
Minami Ajia gozoku (romanization)

南アジア (Minami Ajia, “South Asia”) + 語族 (gozoku, “language family”)

com

オーストロアジア語族 オーストロアジア語族#Japanese

Synonym of オーストロアジア語族


印欧語族

印欧語族 (canonical)
In'ō gozoku (romanization)

[ĩɰ̃o̞ː ɡo̞zo̞kɯ̟]

Calque of Chinese 印歐語系／印欧语系 (Yìn'ōuyǔxì)

cal

インド・ヨーロッパ語族 インド・ヨーロッパ語族#Japanese

Synonym of インド・ヨーロッパ語族


南島語族

ja-pos

南(なん)島(とう)語(ご)族(ぞく) • (Nantō gozoku) ^(←なんたうごぞく (nantaugozoku)?)

南島語族 (canonical)
Nantō gozoku (romanization)
nantaugozoku (romanization)
なんたうごぞく (hiragana historical)

Calque of Chinese 南島語系／南岛语系 (Nándǎo yǔxì)

cal

オーストロネシア語族 オーストロネシア語族#Japanese

Synonym of オーストロネシア語族


みさこ

美沙子, 海沙子, 巳砂子, 実彩子, 美咲子, 魅佐子, 美佐子: a female given name


東京人

東京 (Tōkyō, “Tokyo”) + 人 (-jin, “person”)


唐話

唐話 (canonical)
tōwa (romanization)
tauwa (romanization)
たうわ (hiragana historical)

(obsolete, Edo) spoken vernacular Chinese


恒春

As a Taiwanese placename, from Chinese 恆春／恒春 (Héngchūn, “Hengchun”, lit. “ever-spring”)


乎古止点

乎古止点 (canonical)
okototen (romanization)

marks to aid in reading Chinese classics


うみこ

有実子, 宇実子, 烏実子, 右実子, 卯実子, 兎実子, 羽実子, 羽美子: a female given name


よしえ

美栄, 克絵, 克恵, 克江, 克枝, 佳絵, 善絵, 吉絵: a female given name


香花

ja-pos

香(かおる)花(か) or 香(かの)花(か) or 香(か)花(はな) or 香(きょう)花(か) or 香(この)花(か) or 香(この)花(は) or 香(こ)花(はる) • (Kaoruka or Kanoka or Kahana or Kyōka or Konoka or Konoha or Koharu)

香花 (canonical)
香花 (canonical)
香花 (canonical)
香花 (canonical)
香花 (canonical)
香花 (canonical)
香花 (canonical)
Kaoruka (romanization)
Kanoka (romanization)
Kahana (romanization)
Kyōka (romanization)
Konoka (romanization)
Konoha (romanization)
Koharu (romanization)
はる (hiragana)


古代教会スラヴ語

^こだい ^きょうかい ^スラヴ-ご

古(こ)代(だい)教(きょう)会(かい)スラヴ語(ご) • (Kodai Kyōkai Suravu-go)

古代教会スラヴ語 (canonical)
Kodai Kyōkai Suravu-go (romanization)

From 古代 (kodai, “ancient”) + 教会 (kyōkai, “church”) + スラヴ (Suravu, “Slavic”) + 語 (-go, “language”).


市名

市名 (canonical)
shimei (romanization)
simei (romanization)
しめい (hiragana historical)


幹子

ja-pos

幹(みき)子(こ) or 幹(もと)子(こ) • (Mikiko or Motoko)

幹子 (canonical)
幹子 (canonical)
Mikiko (romanization)
Motoko (romanization)


俗名

ja-noun

俗(ぞく)名(めい) • (zokumei) ^(←ぞくめい (zokumei)?)

俗名 (canonical)
zokumei (romanization)
ぞくめい (hiragana historical)


ロリータ

A transliteration of the English female given name Lolita


呉語

zh-l

吳語／吴语 (wúyǔ)

Wu (one of the families of the Chinese language)


粤語

粵語／粤语 (yuèyǔ)


日和

Thought to be derived from 日 (hi, “sun”) + 寄り (yori, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 寄る (yoru), “to draw near”).
The use of 和 for "calm" is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).


キルギス語

キルギス語 (canonical)
Kirugisu-go (romanization)

[kʲiɾɯ̟ɡʲisɨɡo̞]

キルギス (Kirugisu, “Kyrgyzstan”) + 語 (-go, “language”)


国号

ja-noun

国(こく)号(ごう) • (kokugō) ^(←こくがう (kokugau)?)

国号 (canonical)
kokugō (romanization)
kokugau (romanization)
こくがう (hiragana historical)

[ko̞kɯ̟ɡo̞ː]


平仄

[ço̞ːso̞kɯ̟]

Derived from Middle Chinese 平仄 (MC bjien|bjaeng tsrik).

tonal patterns in classical Chinese poetry


ダルマチア語

ダルマチア語 (canonical)
Darumachia-go (romanization)

ダルマチア (Darumachia, “Dalmatia”) + 語 (-go, “language”)


法名

ja-noun

法(ほう)名(みょう) • (hōmyō) ^(←ほふみやう (fofumyau)?)

法名 (canonical)
hōmyō (romanization)
fofumyau (romanization)
ほふみやう (hiragana historical)


ガンマ

From English gamma or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

lbor

ja:Γ
ja:ガンマ (曖昧さ回避)


アルファ

From English alpha from Ancient Greek ἄλφα (álpha).


とうてん

ja-pos

とうてん • (Tōten)


大母音推移

大(だい)母(ぼ)音(いん)推(すい)移(い) • (Dai Boin Suii)

大母音推移 (canonical)
Dai Boin Suii (romanization)

大 (dai, “great”) + 母音 (boin, “vowel”) + 推移 (suii, “transition”), calque of English Great Vowel Shift.


俗ラテン語

俗ラテン語 (canonical)
Zoku Raten-go (romanization)

俗 (zoku, “vulgar”) + ラテン語 (Raten-go, “Latin”). Calque of Latin sermo vulgaris.


英字

Compound of 英 (ei, “English”) + 字 (ji, “character, letter”).

compound

英字書類

(by extension) something written in the English language


エリーゼ

ja-pos

エリーゼ • (Erīze)

『エリーゼのために』 ― “erīze no Tame ni” ― "Für Elise"

A transliteration of the German female given name Elise


高嶺

From Old Japanese.
Compound of 高 (taka, stem of adjective 高い (takai), “high, tall”) + 嶺 (ne, “peak”).

com

stem of adjective <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">高い</i> (takai), “high, tall”


書き下し文

書き下し文 (canonical)
kakikudashi bun (romanization)

Classical Chinese (kanbun) texts read with kun'yomi and the Japanese word order


山寺

山 (yama, “mountain”) + 寺 (tera, “temple”)

a mountain temple (temple on a mountain)


国訓

ja-noun

国(こっ)訓(くん) • (kokkun) ^(←こくくん (kokukun)?)

国訓 (canonical)
kokkun (romanization)
kokukun (romanization)
こくくん (hiragana historical)

[ko̞k̚kɯ̟̃ɴ]

国 (koku, “national”) + 訓 (kun, “meaning reading”)

affix

(linguistics) a kun for a kanji that differs from the original Chinese meaning of the character


鈴蘭

Compound of 鈴(すず) (suzu, “bell”) + 蘭(ラン) (ran, “orchid”).


鈴蘭

ja-pos

鈴蘭(すずか) or 鈴蘭(すずら) or 鈴蘭(りら) or 鈴蘭(りらん) or 鈴蘭(りりか) or 鈴蘭(りんか) or 鈴蘭(りんらん) or 鈴蘭(れいら) or 鈴蘭(れいらん) • (Suzuka or Suzura or Rira or Riran or Ririka or Rinka or Rinran or Reira or Reiran)

鈴蘭 (canonical)
鈴蘭 (canonical)
鈴蘭 (canonical)
鈴蘭 (canonical)
鈴蘭 (canonical)
鈴蘭 (canonical)
鈴蘭 (canonical)
鈴蘭 (canonical)
Suzuka (romanization)
Suzura (romanization)
Rira (romanization)
Riran (romanization)
Ririka (romanization)
Rinka (romanization)
Rinran (romanization)
Reira (romanization)
Reiran (romanization)
りらんれいらん (hiragana)


トカラ語

トカラ語 (canonical)
Tokara-go (romanization)


ケー

The name of the Latin-script letter K/k.


オー

The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.


ヴィ

The katakana syllable ヴィ (vi). Its equivalent in hiragana is ゔぃ (vi).


小夜

From Old Japanese. Compound of さ (sa-, prefix meaning "early" or "small", or meaningless) + 夜(よ) (yo, “night”)
The use of 小 in the spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).


ニックネーム

[ɲ̟ik̚kɯ̟ne̞ːmɯ̟]

ヒーロー名簿……俺はＳ級ランキングで先生はＣ級ランキングでそれぞれ最下位になってます 今はジェノス サイタマと名前がそのまま記載されていますがしばらく活動すると〝ヒーローネーム〟とやらが付くようです
Hīrō meibo……ore wa esu-kyū rankingu de sensei wa shī-kyū rankingu de sorezore saikai ni natte masu Ima wa Jenosu Saitama to namae ga sono mama kisaisarete imasu ga shibaraku katsudō-suru to〝hīrō nēmu〟to yara ga tsukuyō desu
Here on the hero register…… I’m ranked bottom in S-class, and you’re bottom in C-class, sensei. Our names are still listed as Genos and Saitama, but we’ll probably acquire our "hero names" as we become more active.
ヒーローネーム？なにそれ
Hīrō nēmu? Nani sore
Hero names? What are those?
恐らくは個々のヒーローの特徴を捉えたニックネームのようなのでしょう 俺だったら『金髪サイボーグ』とか
Osoraku wa koko no hīrō no tokuchō o toraeta nikkunēmu no yō na no deshō Ore dattara “Kinpatsu Saibōgu” toka
It’s likely that they’re individual nicknames that capture the heroes’ distinctiveness. For example, my name would be something like ‘Blond Cyborg’.
おい その名付け方だと俺は『ハゲマント』とかに

2013 April 9, ONE with Murata, Yusuke, “17撃目 手合せ [17th Hit: A Face-Off]”, in ONEPUNCH-MAN [ONE-PUNCH MAN], volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, page 33

Wait, by that naming standard, mine would be ‘Caped Baldy’.

Oi Sono nazukekata da to ore wa “Hage Manto” toka ni


翌檜

Shortened from 明日は檜になろう (asu wa hinoki ni narō, literally “tomorrow [the asunaro] will become a hinoki cypress”), a blend/compound of 明日 (asu, “tomorrow”) + なろう (narō, volitional form of verb なる (naru), to “become”).
The kanji spelling is literally "next (day) + hinoki cypress".

blend

volitional form of verb <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">なる</i> (naru), to “become”


仄声

ja-noun

仄(そく)声(せい) or 仄(そく)声(しょう) • (sokusei or sokushō)

仄声 (canonical)
仄声 (canonical)
sokusei (romanization)
sokushō (romanization)

(Chinese phonetics) an oblique tone (the 上声 (jōshō, “rising tone”), the 去声 (kyoshō, “departing tone”) or the 入声 (nisshō, “entering tone”), contrasting with the 平声 (hyōshō, “level tone”) among the 四声 (shisei, “four tones”) of Middle Chinese)


いすず

五鈴, 唯鈴, 乙涼, 依紗, 依涼, 衣鈴, 伊紗, 伊鈴: a female given name

幾鈴, 威涼, 以寿々, 以須寿, 委須寿, 惟須寿, 意寿々, 意須寿: a female given name

伊寿々, 伊須寿, 伊鈴々, 維須寿, 依須寿, 衣寿々, 衣十鈴, 衣須寿: a female given name


五十鈴

五十鈴 (canonical)
五十鈴 (canonical)
Isuzu (romanization)

Compound of 五十 (i-, “fifty”, combining form) + 鈴 (suzu, “bell”).


たき

たき (canonical)
タキ (canonical)
Taki (romanization)

多伎, 多喜, 多希, 多季, 多紀, 多輝, 多樹, 多生: a female given name

多来, 多綺, 太希, 汰樹, 田己, 田姫: a female given name


野菊

From 野(の) (no-, “wild”) + 菊(きく) (kiku, “chrysanthemum”). The kiku changes to giku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


カタルーニャ語

カタルーニャ語 (canonical)
Katarūnyago (romanization)

[ka̠ta̠ɾɯ̟ːɲ̟a̠ɡo̞]


エイリアン

今年の夏は
Kotoshi no natsu wa
This summer
エイリアン一本釣りだ！

2004 December 31, Hideaki Sorachi, “第三十二訓 海の水がなぜしょっぱいかだと？ オメーら都会人が泳ぎながら用足してくからだろーがァァ‼ [Lesson 32: Why’s Sea Water So Salty? ’Cos You Urban Folks Keep Pissin’ Around Whenever You Go Swimmin’!!]”, in 銀魂 [Silver Soul], volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha

は？えいりあん退治？え？ホントに来たの？

What? Alien extermination? Like what? For real?

Synonym of 宇宙人 (uchūjin, “alien”) (life form of non-Earth origin)


るりか

瑠璃香, 瑠理加, 瑠莉夏, 流里架, 琉梨花, 瑠里佳: a female given name


勇美

ja-pos

勇(いさ)美(み) or 勇(ゆう)美(み) • (Isami or Yūmi)

勇美 (canonical)
勇美 (canonical)
Isami (romanization)
Yūmi (romanization)


上代特殊仮名遣

ja-noun

じょうだい とくしゅ かなづかい

上(じょう)代(だい)特(とく)殊(しゅ)仮(か)名(な)遣(づかい) • (jōdai tokushu kanazukai)

上代特殊仮名遣 (canonical)
jōdai tokushu kanazukai (romanization)

上代 (jōdai, “ancient times”, sometimes used to refer to Old Japanese) + 特殊 (tokushu, “special”) + 仮名遣い (kanazukai, “kana usage”)
Literally, “special kana usage of ancient times”.

lit

distinctions in the usage of man'yōgana in Old Japanese works that were quickly lost


相子

相子 (canonical)
Aiko (romanization)
afiko (romanization)
あひこ (hiragana historical)

相(あい) (ai, “together, mutual”) + 子(こ) (-ko, diminutive suffix).


相子

相子 (canonical)
Shōko (romanization)
syauko (romanization)
しやうこ (hiragana historical)
相子 (canonical)
Sōko (romanization)
sauko (romanization)
さうこ (hiragana historical)

From the on'yomi readings of 相 + 子 (-ko, common feminine suffix).


天南

The sora portion is likely from 空 (sora, “sky”), for which the 天 character would be ateji (当て字). The derivation of the na element is unknown.


五十六

From 五十 (iso, “fifty, 50”, kun'yomi or native Japanese reading) + 六 (roku, “six, 6”, on'yomi or Chinese-derived reading).


順二

[d͡ʑɨ̃ɲ̟d͡ʑi]


博雅

源博雅
Minamoto no Hiromasa
Minamoto no Hiromasa


アレイスター

A transliteration of the English male given name Aleister


アリステア

A transliteration of the English male given name Alistair


天晴

ja-pos

天(てん)晴(せい) or 天(たか)晴(はる) • (Tensei or Takaharu)

天晴 (canonical)
天晴 (canonical)
Tensei (romanization)
Takaharu (romanization)


天晴

天(あ)晴(せい) or 天(あま)晴(てらす) or 天晴(める) • (Asei or Amaterasu or Meru)

天晴 (canonical)
天晴 (canonical)
天晴 (canonical)
Asei (romanization)
Amaterasu (romanization)
Meru (romanization)


読み下し

読み下し (canonical)
yomikudashi (romanization)

reading a Classical Chinese text as Japanese (using the kanbun kundoku technique)


読み下し文

読み下し文 (canonical)
yomikudashi-bun (romanization)

the result of rendering Classical Chinese text into Japanese using kanbun kundoku


読み下す

ja-verb

読(よ)み下(くだ)す • (yomikudasu) transitive godan (stem 読(よ)み下(くだ)し (yomikudashi), past 読(よ)み下(くだ)した (yomikudashita))

読み下す (canonical)
yomikudasu (romanization)
読み下し (stem)
読み下した (past)
読み下さ
よみくださ
yomikudasa
読み下し
よみくだし
yomikudashi
読み下す
よみくだす
yomikudasu
読み下せ
よみくだせ
yomikudase
読み下される (passive)
よみくだされる (passive)
yomikudasareru (passive)
読み下させる (causative)
読み下さす (causative)
よみくださせる (causative)
よみくださす (causative)
yomikudasaseru (causative)
yomikudasasu (causative)
読み下せる (potential)
よみくだせる (potential)
yomikudaseru (potential)
読み下そう (volitional)
よみくだそう (volitional)
yomikudasō (volitional)
読み下さない (negative)
よみくださない (negative)
yomikudasanai (negative)
読み下さず (continuative negative)
よみくださず (continuative negative)
yomikudasazu (continuative negative)
読み下します (formal)
よみくだします (formal)
yomikudashimasu (formal)
読み下した (perfective)
よみくだした (perfective)
yomikudashita (perfective)
読み下して (conjunctive)
よみくだして (conjunctive)
yomikudashite (conjunctive)
読み下せば (conditional hypothetical)
よみくだせば (conditional hypothetical)
yomikudaseba (conditional hypothetical)

to read a Classical Chinese text as Japanese (using the kanbun kundoku technique)


浄鉱

ja-pos

浄(じょう)鉱(こう) • (Jōkō)

[d͡ʑo̞ːko̞ː]


パルテノン

[pa̠ɾɯ̟te̞nõ̞ɴ]

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Παρθενών (Parthenṓn)

lbor

パルテノン神殿


ろそう

ja-pos

ろそう • (Rosō)


三次郎

[sã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑiɾo̞ː]


南風

From Middle Chinese compound 南風 (MC nom pjuwng).


真冬

真(ま)冬(ふゆ) or 真(み)冬(ふゆ) • (Mafuyu or Mifuyu)

真冬 (canonical)
真冬 (canonical)
Mafuyu (romanization)
Mifuyu (romanization)


真冬

真冬 (canonical)
真冬 (canonical)
Mifuyu (romanization)
Mayu (romanization)


てふ

(The following entries are uncreated: 牒, 貼.)


儀三郎

[ɡʲisa̠bɯ̟ɾo̞ː]


千早

Possibly from 逸早 (ichihaya), stem of classical verb 逸早し (ichihayashi), modern 逸早い (ichihayai, “swift; harsh; fierce”).


とせ

とせ (canonical)
トセ (canonical)
Tose (romanization)


黄葉

⟨mo₍₁₎mi₁ti⟩ → */mʷomʲiti/ → */mʷomʲidi/ → /momid͡ʑi/ → /momiʑi/
Shift from Old Japanese 黄葉 (momiti → momichi).
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 黄葉づ (momidu), modern 黄葉ず (momizu, “to yellow in autumn, said of leaves”).
Probably cognate with classical verb 燃ゆ (/mo₁yu/ → moyu), modern 燃える (moeru, “to burn”), from the coloring of autumn leaves appearing like a fire burning.

IPAfont

⟨mo₍₁₎mi₁ti⟩

⟨mo₍₁₎mi₁ti⟩


黄葉

黄葉 (canonical)
Kōha (romanization)
kwaufa (romanization)
くわうは (hiragana historical)

Compound of 黄 (kō, “yellow”, the kan'on reading) + 葉 (ha, “leaf”, the kun-yomi or native Japanese reading).


英機

ja-pos

英(ひで)機(き) or 英(えい)機(き) • (Hideki or Eiki)

英機 (canonical)
英機 (canonical)
Hideki (romanization)
Eiki (romanization)


えりか

絵理佳, 英里佳, 絵里加, 英里香, 恵里加, 恵梨香, 恵里香: a female given name


浪速

浪速 (canonical)
Naniwa (romanization)
nanifa (romanization)
なには (hiragana historical)

Ultimately a corruption of Old Japanese 浪速 (Nami₁paya).


睦仁

睦(むつ)仁(ひと) or 睦仁(むねひと) • (Mutsuhito or Munehito)

睦仁 (canonical)
睦仁 (canonical)
Mutsuhito (romanization)
Munehito (romanization)


彌生

彌生 (canonical)
Yayoi (romanization)
yayofi (romanization)
やよひ (hiragana historical)


補助動詞

補助動詞 (canonical)
hojo dōshi (romanization)

Coordinate term: 補助形容詞

a free Japanese verb (自立語 (jiritsugo)) that can be grammaticalized by being attached to an inflectional form of another 用言 (yōgen, “inflected word”)


重次郎

重(じゅう)次(じ)郎(ろう) • (Jūjirō)


昌子

昌(まさ)子(こ) or 昌(しょう)子(こ) • (Masako or Shōko)

昌子 (canonical)
昌子 (canonical)
Masako (romanization)
Shōko (romanization)


さなこ

紗奈子, 小那子, 小名子, 咲菜子, 咲奈子, 作奈子, 佐那子, 佐奈子: a female given name

早菜子, 早奈子, 彩七虹, 小菜子, 紗菜子, 小奈子, 紗南子, 沙那子: a female given name

沙菜子, 沙奈子, 沙名子, 沙南子, 早那子, 聡和子, 紗那子: a female given name


暢子

暢(のぶ)子(こ) or 暢(よう)子(こ) • (Nobuko or Yōko)

暢子 (canonical)
暢子 (canonical)
Nobuko (romanization)
Yōko (romanization)


宜子

宜(のぶ)子(こ) or 宜(たか)子(こ) or 宜子(ことこ) or 宜子(のりこ) or 宜子(まさこ) or 宜(よし)子(こ) or 宜子(よりこ) • (Nobuko or Takako or Kotoko or Noriko or Masako or Yoshiko or Yoriko)

宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
宜子 (canonical)
Nobuko (romanization)
Takako (romanization)
Kotoko (romanization)
Noriko (romanization)
Masako (romanization)
Yoshiko (romanization)
Yoriko (romanization)


友子

友(とも)子(こ) or 友(ゆう)子(こ) • (Tomoko or Yūko)

友子 (canonical)
友子 (canonical)
Tomoko (romanization)
Yūko (romanization)


ひみこ

ひみこ (canonical)
ヒミコ (canonical)
Himiko (romanization)

ひみ子, 一三子, 火見胡, 火見子, 火魅子, 光水子, 公子, 灯望光: a female given name

日海子, 日見子, 日実子, 日珠子, 日美子, 日魅子, 日巳子, 日弥子: a female given name

卑弥呼, 卑弥子, 妃実子, 妃美子, 妃魅姑, 妃魅子, 妃弥子, 斐実子: a female given name

斐美子, 比見古, 比美子, 緋実子, 緋美子, 緋巫女, 飛実子, 姫美子: a female given name

姫巫女, 氷海子, 氷見子, 氷実子, 氷水女, 氷美子, 陽王子: a female given name


常盤

常盤 (canonical)
Tokiwa (romanization)
tokifa (romanization)
ときは (hiragana historical)

⟨to₂ko₂ ipa⟩ → ⟨to₂ki₁pa⟩ → */təkʲipa/ → /tokifa/ → /tokiwa/
From Old Japanese.
Shift from a compound of 常 (toko, “unchanging”) + 岩 (iwa, “rock”).


常磐

常磐 (canonical)
Tokiwa (romanization)
tokifa (romanization)
ときは (hiragana historical)

⟨to₂ko₂ ipa⟩ → ⟨to₂ki₁pa⟩ → */təkʲipa/ → /tokifa/ → /tokiwa/
From Old Japanese.
Shift from a compound of 常 (toko, “unchanging”) + 岩 (iwa, “rock”).
The evergreen sense is ateji for 常葉 (tokiwa, tokoha, literally “eternal + leaves”).


信長

→ English: Nobunaga, Nabunanga


祥子

ja-pos

祥(さち)子(こ) or 祥(しょう)子(こ) • (Sachiko or Shōko)

祥子 (canonical)
祥子 (canonical)
Sachiko (romanization)
Shōko (romanization)


よしいさ

佳功, 義勇, 好義, 叔功, 善勇, 能功, 良功: a male given name


能功

能(たか)功(のり) or 能(よし)功(いさ) or 能(よし)功(かつ) • (Takanori or Yoshiisa or Yoshikatsu)

能功 (canonical)
能功 (canonical)
能功 (canonical)
Takanori (romanization)
Yoshiisa (romanization)
Yoshikatsu (romanization)


伊紗

伊紗 (canonical)
伊紗 (canonical)
Isa (romanization)
Isuzu (romanization)


羽美子

羽(う)美(み)子(こ) or 羽(は)美(み)子(こ) • (Umiko or Hamiko)

羽美子 (canonical)
羽美子 (canonical)
Umiko (romanization)
Hamiko (romanization)


羽美

羽(う)美(み) or 羽(は)美(み) or 羽(はね)美(み) • (Umi or Hami or Hanemi)

羽美 (canonical)
羽美 (canonical)
羽美 (canonical)
Umi (romanization)
Hami (romanization)
Hanemi (romanization)


美来

美(み)来(き) or 美(み)来(く) or 美(み)来(くる) or 美(み)来(ら) or 美(み)来(らい) or 美(み)来(るく) • (Miki or Miku or Mikuru or Mira or Mirai or Miruku)

美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
美来 (canonical)
Miki (romanization)
Miku (romanization)
Mikuru (romanization)
Mira (romanization)
Mirai (romanization)
Miruku (romanization)
くるらい (hiragana)


主祷文

主(しゅ)祷(とう)文(ぶん) • (Shutōbun) ^(←しゆたうぶん (syutaubun)?)

主祷文 (canonical)
Shutōbun (romanization)
syutaubun (romanization)
しゆたうぶん (hiragana historical)

[ɕɨto̞ːbɯ̟̃ɴ]


こうしゅん

こうしゅん • (Kōshun)

広春, 香舜, 光春, 光俊, 功俊, 宏春, 恒春, 晃舜: a male given name


宏治

宏(ひろ)治(はる) or 宏(こう)治(じ) or 宏(ひろ)治(じ) • (Hiroharu or Kōji or Hiroji)

宏治 (canonical)
宏治 (canonical)
宏治 (canonical)
Hiroharu (romanization)
Kōji (romanization)
Hiroji (romanization)


香春

香(こう)春(しゅん) or 香(こ)春(はる) • (Kōshun or Koharu)

香春 (canonical)
香春 (canonical)
Kōshun (romanization)
Koharu (romanization)


あおいこ

あおい子, 愛生子, 葵子, 蒼子, 碧子: a female given name


珠水

珠(す)水(ず) or 珠(たま)水(み) • (Suzu or Tamami)

珠水 (canonical)
珠水 (canonical)
Suzu (romanization)
Tamami (romanization)


暖々

暖(ぬく)々(ぬく) or 暖(の)々(の) • (Nukunuku or Nono)

暖々 (canonical)
暖々 (canonical)
Nukunuku (romanization)
Nono (romanization)


愛生子

愛(あ)生(おい)子(こ) • (Aoiko) ^(←あおひこ (aofiko)?)

愛生子 (canonical)
Aoiko (romanization)
aofiko (romanization)
あおひこ (hiragana historical)


希望華

希(き)望(み)華(か) or 希(あ)望(す)華(か) • (Kimika or Asuka)

希望華 (canonical)
希望華 (canonical)
Kimika (romanization)
Asuka (romanization)


愛生

愛(あ)生(おい) or 愛(まな)生(お) or 愛(あ)生(き) or 愛(いと)生(い) or 愛生(みう) or 愛生(ういな) • (Aoi or Manao or Aki or Itoi or Miu or Uina)

愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
愛生 (canonical)
Aoi (romanization)
Manao (romanization)
Aki (romanization)
Itoi (romanization)
Miu (romanization)
Uina (romanization)


のの

楽, 音暖, 音乃, 叶希, 希々, 希乃, 希望, 稀乃: a female given name

稀乃, 紀々, 紀乃, 暖々, 暖埜, 暖野, 乃々, 乃紀: a female given name

埜々, 埜乃, 能乃, 望乃, 野々, 野乃, 暖乃: a female given name


丹山

丹(たん)山(やま) or 丹(に)山(やま) • (Tan'yama or Niyama)

丹山 (canonical)
Tanzan (romanization)
丹山 (canonical)
丹山 (canonical)
Tan'yama (romanization)
Niyama (romanization)


愛泉

愛(あい)泉(せん) or 愛(あい)泉(み) or 愛(あ)泉(み) or 愛泉(のぞみ) or 愛(めい)泉(み) • (Aisen or Aimi or Ami or Nozomi or Meimi)

愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
愛泉 (canonical)
Aisen (romanization)
Aimi (romanization)
Ami (romanization)
Nozomi (romanization)
Meimi (romanization)


希海

希(のぞ)海(み) or 希(き)海(み) or 希(の)海(あ) or 希海(まりん) or 希海(あゆみ) • (Nozomi or Kimi or Noa or Marin or Ayumi)

希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
希海 (canonical)
Nozomi (romanization)
Kimi (romanization)
Noa (romanization)
Marin (romanization)
Ayumi (romanization)


花珠

花(はな)珠(み) or 花(か)珠(じゅ) • (Hanami or Kaju)

花珠 (canonical)
花珠 (canonical)
Hanami (romanization)
Kaju (romanization)


端山

端(たん)山(やま) or 端山(はしやま) or 端山(はすやま) or 端山(はたやま) or 端(は)山(やま) or 端山(ばたやま) or 端山(みずやま) • (Tan'yama or Hashiyama or Hasuyama or Hatayama or Hayama or Batayama or Mizuyama)

端山 (canonical)
Tanzan (romanization)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
端山 (canonical)
Tan'yama (romanization)
Hashiyama (romanization)
Hasuyama (romanization)
Hatayama (romanization)
Hayama (romanization)
Batayama (romanization)
Mizuyama (romanization)
端山 (canonical)
Habayama (romanization)


李香

李(り)香(か) or 李香(ももか) or 李香(りこ) • (Rika or Momoka or Riko)

李香 (canonical)
李香 (canonical)
李香 (canonical)
Rika (romanization)
Momoka (romanization)
Riko (romanization)


展生

展(のぶ)生(お) or 展(ひろ)生(お) • (Nobuo or Hirō)

展生 (canonical)
展生 (canonical)
Nobuo (romanization)
Hirō (romanization)


展明

展(のぶ)明(あき) or 展(のり)明(あき) or 展(ひろ)明(あき) • (Nobuaki or Noriaki or Hiroaki)

展明 (canonical)
展明 (canonical)
展明 (canonical)
Nobuaki (romanization)
Noriaki (romanization)
Hiroaki (romanization)


石持

Compound of 石(いし) (ishi, “stone”) + 持(も)ち (mochi, “possession, ownership”). Literally, “having stones”, referring to the prominently large otoliths in the croakers' skulls.


実己

ja-pos

実(み)己(き) or 実(みつ)己(き) • (Miki or Mitsuki)

実己 (canonical)
実己 (canonical)
Miki (romanization)
Mitsuki (romanization)


愛音

愛音(あいと) or 愛音(あいな) or 愛(あい)音(ね) or 愛音(あいの) or 愛(あ)音(おと) or 愛音(あのん) or 愛音(あまね) or 愛音(あやね) or 愛(いと)音(ね) or 愛(ちか)音(ね) or 愛音(はいね) or 愛音(はいりん) or 愛音(まお) or 愛(まな)音(ね) or 愛(み)音(お) or 愛音(もね) or 愛音(わおん) • (Aito or Aina or Aine or Aino or Aoto or Anon or Amane or Ayane or Itone or Chikane or Haine or Hairin or Mao or Manane or Mio or Mone or Waon)

愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
愛音 (canonical)
Aito (romanization)
Aina (romanization)
Aine (romanization)
Aino (romanization)
Aoto (romanization)
Anon (romanization)
Amane (romanization)
Ayane (romanization)
Itone (romanization)
Chikane (romanization)
Haine (romanization)
Hairin (romanization)
Mao (romanization)
Manane (romanization)
Mio (romanization)
Mone (romanization)
Waon (romanization)


ごえもん

Goemon (romanization)
gowemon (romanization)
ごゑもん (hiragana historical)

五右衛門, 五衛門, 伍右衛門, 伍衛門, 吾右衛門, 吾衛門: a male given name


五右衛門

五(ご)右衛(え)門(もん) • (Goemon) ^(←ごゑもん (gowemon)?)

五右衛門 (canonical)
Goemon (romanization)
gowemon (romanization)
ごゑもん (hiragana historical)

石川五右衛門
Ishikawa Goemon
Ishikawa Goemon (a folk hero of Japan)

五右衛門風呂

五右衛門風呂 ごえもんぶろ

a bath taken in a barrel of water directly heated underneath


源五右衛門

源(げん)五(ご)右衛(え)門(もん) • (Gengoemon) ^(←げんごゑもん (gengowemon)?)

源五右衛門 (canonical)
Gengoemon (romanization)
gengowemon (romanization)
げんごゑもん (hiragana historical)


りさ

梨沙, 梨紗, 莉沙, 理紗, 理沙, 里沙, 里紗: a female given name


典江

典(ふみ)江(え) or 典(のり)江(え) or 典(みち)江(え) • (Fumie or Norie or Michie)

典江 (canonical)
典江 (canonical)
典江 (canonical)
Fumie (romanization)
Norie (romanization)
Michie (romanization)


典正

典(てん)正(せい) or 典(のり)正(まさ) • (Tensei or Norimasa)

典正 (canonical)
典正 (canonical)
Tensei (romanization)
Norimasa (romanization)


典生

典(つね)生(お) or 典(みち)生(お) or 典(てん)生(せい) or 典(のり)生(お) or 典(のり)生(なお) or 典(のり)生(ふさ) or 典(ふみ)生(お) • (Tsuneo or Michio or Tensei or Norio or Norinao or Norifusa or Fumio)

典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
典生 (canonical)
Tsuneo (romanization)
Michio (romanization)
Tensei (romanization)
Norio (romanization)
Norinao (romanization)
Norifusa (romanization)
Fumio (romanization)


典子

千家典子
Senge Noriko
Noriko Senge


典子

紺谷典子
Kon'ya Fumiko
Fumiko Konya


数右衛門

数(かず)右衛(え)門(もん) • (Kazuemon) ^(←かずゑもん (kazwemon)?)

数右衛門 (canonical)
Kazuemon (romanization)
kazwemon (romanization)
かずゑもん (hiragana historical)


中国暦

中国暦 (canonical)
chūgokureki (romanization)


和香

和(わ)香(か) or 和(あい)香(か) or 和香(あえか) or 和(かず)香(か) or 和香(かずこ) or 和香(のどか) or 和香(ほのか) or 和香(まどか) • (Waka or Aika or Aeka or Kazuka or Kazuko or Nodoka or Honoka or Madoka)

和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
和香 (canonical)
Waka (romanization)
Aika (romanization)
Aeka (romanization)
Kazuka (romanization)
Kazuko (romanization)
Nodoka (romanization)
Honoka (romanization)
Madoka (romanization)


省作

省(しょう)作(さく) or 省(せい)作(さく) • (Shōsaku or Seisaku)

省作 (canonical)
省作 (canonical)
Shōsaku (romanization)
Seisaku (romanization)


正作

正(しょう)作(さく) or 正(せい)作(さく) or 正(まさ)作(さく) or 正(まさ)作(なお) • (Shōsaku or Seisaku or Masasaku or Masanao)

正作 (canonical)
正作 (canonical)
正作 (canonical)
正作 (canonical)
Shōsaku (romanization)
Seisaku (romanization)
Masasaku (romanization)
Masanao (romanization)


釜足

釜足 (canonical)
Kamatari (romanization)
釜足 (canonical)
Kamasoku (romanization)


ふきお

富貴朗, 不器男, 不器雄, 不器夫, 富貴男, 富貴夫, 富貴雄: a male given name


和習

和習 (canonical)
washū (romanization)
wasifu (romanization)
わしふ (hiragana historical)

変体漢文

変体漢文 へんたいかんぶん

Japanism that appears in Literary Chinese composed by a Japanese person


変体漢文

変体漢文 (canonical)
hentai kanbun (romanization)

From 変体(へんたい) (hentai, “variant”) + 漢文(かんぶん) (kanbun, “Literary Chinese”).

ja-compound

pseudo-Literary Chinese that records the Japanese language


漢文訓読

漢文訓読 (canonical)
kanbun kundoku (romanization)

[kã̠mbɯ̟ŋ kɯ̟̃ndo̞kɯ̟]

From 漢文 (kanbun, “Literary Chinese”) + 訓読 (kundoku, “native reading of kanji”).

com

(orthography) the Japanese reading of Literary Chinese by a literal translation


従道

ja-pos

従(じゅう)道(どう) or 従(つぐ)道(みち) • (Jūdō or Tsugumichi)

従道 (canonical)
従道 (canonical)
Jūdō (romanization)
Tsugumichi (romanization)


かずろう

和郎, 一朗, 一郎, 胤郎, 数朗, 数郎, 和朗, 佳寿朗: a male given name


卑弥呼

Cao Wei
Daijirin
Daijisen
Records of the Three Kingdoms
ja:松村明

First attested in the 三国志 (Sangokushi, “Records of the Three Kingdoms”), particularly in the 魏志倭人伝 (Gishi Wajinden, “Records of Cao Wei on the Account of the People of Wa”).
From Literary Chinese 卑彌呼 (OC *pie mie hɑ) in Later Han pronunciation, the original pronunciation remains uncertain.


藍希

藍希 (canonical)
藍希 (canonical)
Aino (romanization)
Aiki (romanization)
藍希 (canonical)
Aiki (romanization)


まさつぐ

真, 正次, 正継, 昌次, 雅継, 将嗣, 政嗣, 将次: a male given name


信玄

信(のぶ)玄(はる) or 信(しん)玄(げん) • (Nobuharu or Shingen)

信玄 (canonical)
信玄 (canonical)
Nobuharu (romanization)
Shingen (romanization)


權兵衞

權(ごん)兵(べ)衞(え) or 權(ごんの)兵(ひょう)衞(え) • (Gonbee or Gonnohyōe)

權兵衞 (canonical)
權兵衞 (canonical)
Gonbee (romanization)
Gonnohyōe (romanization)


豊仁

豊(とよ)仁(ひと) or 豊(ゆた)仁(ひと) • (Toyohito or Yutahito)

豊仁 (canonical)
豊仁 (canonical)
Toyohito (romanization)
Yutahito (romanization)


夕凪

夕(ゆう)凪(なぎ) • (Yūnagi) ^(←ゆふなぎ (yufunagi)?)

夕凪 (canonical)
Yūnagi (romanization)
yufunagi (romanization)
ゆふなぎ (hiragana historical)

[jɯ̟ːna̠ɡʲi]

Compound of 夕(ゆう) (yū, “evening”) + 凪(なぎ) (nagi, “calm, lull”).


千絵

千絵 (canonical)
千絵 (canonical)
Chie (romanization)
Yukie (romanization)


智絵

ja-pos

智(ち)絵(え) or 智(さと)絵(え) or 智(ち)絵(か) or 智(とも)絵(え) • (Chie or Satoe or Chika or Tomoe)

智絵 (canonical)
智絵 (canonical)
智絵 (canonical)
智絵 (canonical)
Chie (romanization)
Satoe (romanization)
Chika (romanization)
Tomoe (romanization)


昌次

昌(まさ)次(つぐ) or 昌(しょう)次(じ) • (Masatsugu or Shōji)

昌次 (canonical)
昌次 (canonical)
Masatsugu (romanization)
Shōji (romanization)


恒子

恒(つね)子(こ) or 恒(こう)子(こ) or 恒(ひさ)子(こ) or 恒子(ちかこ) • (Tsuneko or Kōko or Hisako or Chikako)

恒子 (canonical)
恒子 (canonical)
恒子 (canonical)
恒子 (canonical)
Tsuneko (romanization)
Kōko (romanization)
Hisako (romanization)
Chikako (romanization)


えみり

瑛実理, 誉実利, 恵実利, 恵実理, 絵実理: a female given name


真翔

真(まな)翔(と) or 真(まこ)翔(と) • (Manato or Makoto)

真翔 (canonical)
真翔 (canonical)
Manato (romanization)
Makoto (romanization)


志絵

志絵 (canonical)
志絵 (canonical)
Yukie (romanization)
Shie (romanization)


志恵

志恵 (canonical)
志恵 (canonical)
Shie (romanization)
Yukie (romanization)


翔陽

翔(しょう)陽(よう) • (Shōyō)


直葉

直葉 (canonical)
Naoyo (romanization)
nafoyo (romanization)
なほよ (hiragana historical)


なつめ

なつめ (canonical)
ナツメ (canonical)
Natsume (romanization)

なつ芽, 夏愛, 夏芽, 夏雅, 夏女, 夏梅, 夏萌, 夏明: a female given name

夏目, 夏眸, 菜津女, 菜摘芽, 七月芽, 奈つめ, 奈津愛, 奈津芽: a female given name

奈津女, 奈都召, 奈都目, 那月女, 那津芽, 納女, 棘, 棗: a female given name


浩三

浩(こう)三(ぞう) or 浩(ひろ)三(み) • (Kōzō or Hiromi)

浩三 (canonical)
浩三 (canonical)
Kōzō (romanization)
Hiromi (romanization)


淳矢

淳(じゅん)矢(や) or 淳(あつ)矢(や) • (Jun'ya or Atsuya)

淳矢 (canonical)
淳矢 (canonical)
Jun'ya (romanization)
Atsuya (romanization)


明允

明(あき)允(なり) or 明允(あきのぶ) or 明允(あきまさ) or 明允(あきや) • (Akinari or Akinobu or Akimasa or Akiya)

明允 (canonical)
明允 (canonical)
明允 (canonical)
明允 (canonical)
Akinari (romanization)
Akinobu (romanization)
Akimasa (romanization)
Akiya (romanization)


興子

興(おき)子(こ) or 興子(おっこ) or 興(きょう)子(こ) • (Okiko or Okko or Kyōko)

興子 (canonical)
興子 (canonical)
興子 (canonical)
Okiko (romanization)
Okko (romanization)
Kyōko (romanization)


なおまさ

直政, 直正, 直方, 尚将, 尚正, 尚政: a male given name


万葉

万(まん)葉(よう) • (Man'yō) ^(←まんえふ (man'efu)?)

万葉 (canonical)
Man'yō (romanization)
man'efu (romanization)
まんえふ (hiragana historical)

/man jepʉ/ → /maɰjeɸu/ → /maɰjeu/ → /maɰjoː/
From Middle Chinese 萬葉 (MC mjonH yep).


万葉

万葉(かずは) or 万葉(かずよ) or 万葉(まずは) or 万葉(まは) or 万葉(まや) or 万葉(まよ) or 万葉(まよう) or 万葉(まんは) or 万葉(みつよ) • (Kazuha or Kazuyo or Mazuha or Maha or Maya or Mayo or Mayō or Manha or Mitsuyo)

万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
Kazuha (romanization)
Kazuyo (romanization)
Mazuha (romanization)
Maha (romanization)
Maya (romanization)
Mayo (romanization)
Mayō (romanization)
Manha (romanization)
Mitsuyo (romanization)
まよう (hiragana)
万葉 (canonical)
万葉 (canonical)
Banba (romanization)
Manba (romanization)


温允

温(あつ)允(や) or 温允(あつなり) • (Atsuya or Atsunari)

温允 (canonical)
温允 (canonical)
Atsuya (romanization)
Atsunari (romanization)


以行

以行 (canonical)
Mochitsura (romanization)


嘉純

嘉(よし)純(ずみ) or 嘉(か)純(すみ) • (Yoshizumi or Kasumi)

嘉純 (canonical)
嘉純 (canonical)
Yoshizumi (romanization)
Kasumi (romanization)


高春

高(こう)春(しゅん) • (Kōshun) ^(←かうしゆん (kausyun)?)

高春 (canonical)
Kōshun (romanization)
kausyun (romanization)
かうしゆん (hiragana historical)


すみれ

菫, 澄玲, 純礼, 純恋, 純鈴, 寿美礼: a female given name


うちなーぐち

[ɯ̟t͡ɕina̠ːɡɯ̟t͡ɕi]

Unadapted borrowing from Okinawan 沖縄口(うちなーぐち) (uchināguchi).


大和口

大和口 (canonical)
yamatoguchi (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Okinawan 大和(やまとぅ)口(ぐち) (Yamatuguchi).


滋世

滋世 (canonical)
Shigetoshi (romanization)


哲生

哲(あき)生(お) or 哲(てつ)生(お) or 哲(てっ)生(せい) or 哲生(のりお) • (Akio or Tetsuo or Tessei or Norio)

哲生 (canonical)
哲生 (canonical)
哲生 (canonical)
哲生 (canonical)
Akio (romanization)
Tetsuo (romanization)
Tessei (romanization)
Norio (romanization)


みちとし

道利, 道世, 通俊, 義利, 道俊, 通敏, 光千年, 三千年: a male given name


道世

道世 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


通敏

通敏 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


光千年

光千年 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


三千年

三千年 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


道利

道利 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


儀介

儀(ぎ)介(すけ) or 儀(よし)介(あき) or 儀(のり)介(あき) or 儀介(のりゆき) • (Gisuke or Yoshiaki or Noriaki or Noriyuki)

儀介 (canonical)
儀介 (canonical)
儀介 (canonical)
儀介 (canonical)
Gisuke (romanization)
Yoshiaki (romanization)
Noriaki (romanization)
Noriyuki (romanization)


道俊

道俊 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


通俊

通俊 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


義利

義利 (canonical)
Michitoshi (romanization)


古訓

古訓 (canonical)
kokun (romanization)
こくん (hiragana historical)

『日本書紀』古訓

(linguistics) kun-reading of a text or phrase from ancient times


優花

優花 (canonical)
優花 (canonical)
Yūka (romanization)
Yuka (romanization)


徳平

徳(とく)平(へい) or 徳(とく)平(べい) • (Tokuhei or Tokubei)

徳平 (canonical)
徳平 (canonical)
Tokuhei (romanization)
Tokubei (romanization)


寧子

寧(ねい)子(し) or 寧(やす)子(こ) • (Neishi or Yasuko)

寧子 (canonical)
寧子 (canonical)
Neishi (romanization)
Yasuko (romanization)


唯央

唯央 (canonical)
Io (romanization)
唯央 (canonical)
Tadao (romanization)


卓三郎

卓三郎 (canonical)
Takusaburō (romanization)


陽三

陽(よう)三(ぞう) • (Yōzō)


むつき

一月, 紫春, 睦, 睦葵, 睦喜, 睦希, 睦季: a female given name

睦紀, 睦貴, 睦月, 睦姫, 睦包, 務月, 夢希: a female given name

夢月, 夢津記, 夢津来, 夢都希, 無月, 霧都季: a female given name

陸月, 六月, 六城, 六槻, 眸月, 襁: a female given name


大世

大(たい)世(せい) or 大(おお)世(せい) • (Taisei or Ōsei)

大世 (canonical)
大世 (canonical)
Taisei (romanization)
Ōsei (romanization)


諾右衛門

諾右衛門 (canonical)
Dakuemon (romanization)


水戸黄門

水(み)戸(と)黄(こう)門(もん) • (Mito Kōmon) ^(←みとくわうもん (Mito Kwaumon)?)

水戸黄門 (canonical)
Mito Kōmon (romanization)
Mito Kwaumon (romanization)
みとくわうもん (hiragana historical)

Compound of 水戸 (Mito, a domain in present-day Ibaraki Prefecture) + 黄門 (kōmon, a rank in equivalence to a “middle councillor” in medieval Japan).

com

(historical) a nickname of Tokugawa Mitsukuni, the second daimyo of Mito Domain


壱与

Daijirin
Daijisen
Records of the Three Kingdoms
ja:松村明
naming taboo

First attested in the 三国志 (Sangokushi, “Records of the Three Kingdoms”), derived from Literary Chinese 壹與 (OC *qlid laʔ).
The original pronunciation remains uncertain; however due to possibly a naming taboo in ancient China, a variant 臺 (shinjitai 台) is also attested in the historical record, therefore the name can also be read as Toyo. Some sources theorize this as a copying error.


ダ埼玉

ダ埼玉 (canonical)
Dasaitama (romanization)

Saitama (city)
Saitama Prefecture
Tamori

Attested since the 1980s.
Blend of ダサい (dasai, “uncool”) + 埼玉 (Saitama, “Saitama Prefecture”, or the titular capital before 2001), often attributed to Japanese comedian Tamori (Kazuyoshi Morita).

blend

「東京というのはダサイとこだ…ダサイ文化が焼酎を支えている。その源はダ埼玉にある」というようなものだそう

1992, Aiko Sato, Rōhei wa shinazu [Old soldiers don’t die]

They say, “Tokyo is a dasai place... dasai culture supports shochu. The fountainhead is in Dasai-tama.”

“Tōkyō to iu no wa dasai toko da… dasai bunka ga shōchū o sasaete-iru. Sono minamoto wa Dasaitama ni aru” to iu yō na mono da sō

(slang, derogatory) Synonym of 埼玉 (Saitama): Saitama Prefecture

1988年の開局当時、エフエム埼玉を名乗っていた FM 放送局は、「ダ埼玉のラジオ局」という印象を与えるとでも思ったのか、 2001年に「埼玉」をなくして、もともとの愛称であったヨコ文字 (というかアルファベットだけど) の NACK 5 と名称変更された。
Senkyūhyakuhachijūhachi-nen no kaikyoku tōji, Efuemu Saitama o nanotte-ita efuemu hōsōkyoku wa,“Dasaitama no rajio kyoku” to iu inshō o ataeru to demo omotta no ka, nisen'ichi-nen ni “Saitama” o nakushite, motomoto no aishō deatta yoko moji (to iu ka arufabetto dake do) no Nakku Faibu to meishō henkō sareta.

2013, Shigenori Yamanaka, Kore de ii no ka? Saitama-ken, page 50

When it began broadcasting in 1988 FM Saitama was labeled “Dasai-tama radio station”, but in 2001 when Saitama dropped its kanji spelling the station name was changed to Nack5, originally a nickname, written horizontally (in Latin characters).

せんきゅうひゃくはちじゅうはち

(slang, derogatory) Synonym of さいたま (Saitama): the titular capital of Saitama Prefecture


イオタ

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἰῶτα (iôta). Compare Greek γιώτα (gióta).


エータ

From English eta or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἦτα (êta).


ラムダ

From English lambda, from Ancient Greek λᾰ́μβδᾰ (lámbda).


クシー

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ξῖ (xî).


ミュー

From English mu or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μῦ (mû).


ゼータ

ja-noun

ゼータ • (zēta)

Borrowed from English zeta. Doublet of ゼット (zetto).


ロー

From English rho or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ῥῶ (rhô).


オミクロン

[o̞mʲikɯ̟ɾõ̞ɴ]

From English omicron or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὂ μικρόν (ò mikrón).


フィー

Learned borrowing from Latin phi, from Ancient Greek φεῖ (pheî).


タウ

From English tau or learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ταῦ (taû).


プシー

Learned borrowing from Latin psi, from Ancient Greek ψεῖ (pseî).


シグマ

From English sigma from Ancient Greek σῖγμᾰ (sîgma).

ja:Σ
ja:シグマ (曖昧さ回避)


ソマリ語

ソマリ語 (canonical)
Somari-go (romanization)

From ソマリ (Somari, “Somali”) + 語 (-go, “language”).


パーリ語

[pa̠ːɾʲi ɡo̞]


ネパール語

ネパール語 (canonical)
Nepāru-go (romanization)

[ne̞pa̠ːɾɯ̟ ɡo̞]

From ネパール (Nepāru, “Nepal”) + 語 (-go, “language”).


北京官話

北京官話 (canonical)
Pekin kanwa (romanization)

[pe̞kʲiŋ kã̠ɰ̃β̞a̠]

(standard) Mandarin (literally: Beijing Mandarin)


スロヴァキア語

スロヴァキア語 (canonical)
surovakiago (romanization)


かかし

/kaɡaɕi/ → /kakaɕi/
Thought to be a shift from 嗅がし (kagashi, “smelling, sniffing”), itself from 嗅が (kaga, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verb 嗅ぐ (kagu), “to smell, sniff”) + し (-shi, adjectival suffix).


ノルウェー人

ノルウェー人 (canonical)
noruwējin (romanization)

[no̞ɾɯ̟β̞e̞ːʑĩɴ]


グルジア語

グルジア語 (canonical)
gurujiago (romanization)

[ɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ʑia̠ɡo̞]


ジョージア語

ジョージア語 (canonical)
jōjiago (romanization)

[d͡ʑo̞ːʑia̠ɡo̞]


繁太郎

繁太郎 (canonical)
Shigetarō (romanization)


ちさと

千里, 知里, 千聖, 千智, 千紗都, 千郷, 智彩都, 茅智: a female given name


一伸

ja-pos

一(いっ)伸(しん) or 一(かず)伸(のぶ) • (Isshin or Kazunobu)

一伸 (canonical)
一伸 (canonical)
Isshin (romanization)
Kazunobu (romanization)


芳治

芳(よし)治(はる) or 芳(よし)治(じ) • (Yoshiharu or Yoshiji)

芳治 (canonical)
芳治 (canonical)
Yoshiharu (romanization)
Yoshiji (romanization)


沖縄語

ja-noun

沖(おき)縄(なわ)語(ご) • (okinawago) ^(←おきなはご (okinafago)?)

沖縄語 (canonical)
okinawago (romanization)
okinafago (romanization)
おきなはご (hiragana historical)

From 沖縄 (Okinawa, “Okinawa”) + 語 (-go, “language”).


のぶはる

[no̞bɯ̟ha̠ɾɯ̟]

信治, 信春, 信晴, 信玄, 伸治, 恒治, 伸春, 伸晴: a male given name

宜治, 宣春, 宣晴, 宣治, 延春, 延晴, 延治, 宣明: a male given name


うちなーんちゅ

[ɯ̟t͡ɕinã̠ːɲ̟t͡ɕɨ]

Unadapted borrowing from Okinawan 沖縄(うちなー)ん人(ちゅ) (uchinānchu).


秀忠

desc

→ English: Hidetada, Fide-tada, Fide-Tadda, Fide Tadda


シンシア

A transliteration of the English female given name Cynthia


竜之介

竜之介 (canonical)
Ryūnosuke (romanization)


隆之介

隆之介 (canonical)
Ryūnosuke (romanization)


龍之助

龍之助 (canonical)
Ryūnosuke (romanization)


良孝

ja-pos

良(りょう)孝(こう) • (Ryōkō)

良孝 (canonical)
Yoshitaka (romanization)
良孝 (canonical)
Ryōkō (romanization)


英五郎

[e̞ːɡo̞ɾo̞ː]


悠三

悠(ゆう)三(ぞう) • (Yūzō)


成香

成香(しげか) or 成香(せいか) or 成香(なりか) or 成香(なるか) or 成香(なるこ) • (Shigeka or Seika or Narika or Naruka or Naruko)

成香 (canonical)
成香 (canonical)
成香 (canonical)
成香 (canonical)
成香 (canonical)
Shigeka (romanization)
Seika (romanization)
Narika (romanization)
Naruka (romanization)
Naruko (romanization)


ロジバン

From Lojban lojban., from rafsi loj (logji (“logic”)) + ban (bangu (“language”)).

artificial language
artificial language#English


ヘイター

ヘイター • (Heitā)

A transliteration of the Portuguese male given name Heitor


ヘイター

ヘイター • (Heitā)

A transliteration of the English male given name Hayter


ウイグル語

ウイグル語 (canonical)
uigurugo (romanization)

[ɯ̟iɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɡo̞]


ウズベク語

ウズベク語 (canonical)
uzubekugo (romanization)

[ɯ̟zɨbe̞kɯ̟ɡo̞]


久兵衛

久(きゅう)兵(べ)衛(え) • (Kyūbee) ^(←きうべゑ (kiubewe)?)

久兵衛 (canonical)
Kyūbee (romanization)
kiubewe (romanization)
きうべゑ (hiragana historical)


地名姓

地名姓 (canonical)
chimeisei (romanization)

From 地名(ちめい) (chimei, “toponym”) + 姓(せい) (sei, “surname”).


好子

ja-pos

好(こう)子(こ) or 好(たか)子(こ) or 好(よし)子(こ) • (Kōko or Takako or Yoshiko)

好子 (canonical)
好子 (canonical)
好子 (canonical)
Kōko (romanization)
Takako (romanization)
Yoshiko (romanization)


禅寺

ja-noun

禅(ぜん)寺(でら) • (zendera) ^(←ぜんでら (zendera)?)

禅寺 (canonical)
zendera (romanization)
ぜんでら (hiragana historical)

From 禅(ぜん) (zen) + 寺(てら) (tera). The tera changes to dera as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


バスク人

バスク人 (canonical)
basukujin (romanization)

From バスク (Basuku, “Basque Country”) + 人 (-jin, “person”).


メイ

A transliteration of the English female given name May


マーガレット

A transliteration of the English female given name Margaret


クロアチア語

クロアチア語 (canonical)
kuroachiago (romanization)

[kɯ̟ɾo̞a̠t͡ɕia̠ɡo̞]

クロアチア (kuroachia, “Croatia”) + 語 (-go, “language”)

suffix

the Croatian language (the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian)


日英語

ja-noun

日(にち)英(えい)語(ご) • (nichieigo) ^(←にちえいご (nitieigo)?)

日英語 (canonical)
nichieigo (romanization)
nitieigo (romanization)
にちえいご (hiragana historical)

[ɲ̟it͡ɕie̞ːɡo̞]


くろやま

黒(くろ) (kuro, “black”) + 山(やま) (yama, “mountain”)


アクセント核

アクセント核 (canonical)
akusento-kaku (romanization)

From アクセント (akusento, “accent”) + 核(かく) (kaku, “core; kernel; nucleus”).

(Japanese phonology) an accent kernel/nucleus (the so-called "accented" mora of an utterance, which singly occurs for each utterance and which immediately precedes a drop in pitch from high to low)

ja:アクセント#日本語のアクセント

頭高型 for the first accented mora

The accent types are named after the position of the accent kernel in a word

中高型 for any of the morae from second to penultimate

and 尾高型 for the last accented mora. Words with the 平板型 do not have an accent kernel.

Depending on dialects and individual preference

the high pitch of words with an accent kernel could actually be higher than the high pitch of words without one

ちゅう.ご.く.じん

特殊拍 (tokushuhaku, “special morae”) (see 音節 (onsetsu, “syllable”)) such as the 促音 (sokuon, /Q/), the 撥音 (hatsuon, /N/), the lengthening part of a vowel (/ː/) and the offglide of a diphthong (/i/), can never be accent kernels, except when certain apparent trimoraic syllables are involved. Should they be due to certain patterns, the accent kernel will shift to an adjacent mora, usually the one before. For example, the suffix じん (-jin, citizen/native of a place) tends to make the mora immediately before じ (ji) the accent kernel (with few exceptions such as にほんじん (Nihonjin, “Japanese”) /nihoNd͡ʑiꜜN/ where the accent kernel is じ (ji) itself)

*ロン.ドン.じん → ロン.ドン.じん

However, should that mora be a special one, the accent kernel shifts to the mora before it

*ス.ペイン.じん → ス.ペ.イン.じん

This rule seemingly breaks down when it comes to apparently trimoraic syllables, especially introduced by 外来語 (gairaigo, “European loanwords”). Trimoraic syllables are disfavored and seem to be broken into two separate syllables, turning what is supposed to be a special mora into a 自立拍 (jiritsuhaku, “free mora”)

*ロン.ドンっ.こ → ロン.ド.ンっ.こ

Suffixes such as っ子 (-kko) add one extra mora to any syllable before them, causing potential trimoraic syllables that need to be broken down


道明

ja-pos

道(どう)明(みょう) • (Dōmyō)


セルビア・クロアチア語

セルビア・クロアチア語 (canonical)
serubia kuroachiago (romanization)

[se̞ɾɯ̟bʲia̠ kɯ̟ɾo̞a̠t͡ɕia̠ɡo̞]


鮮人

[sẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]

Shortening of 朝鮮人 (chōsenjin, “Korean person”).

鮮人ニ対スル迫害ニ関シ告諭ノ件

Statement on the persecution of Koreans (1923, issued by the second Yamamoto cabinet)

senjin ni taisuru hakugai ni kanshi kokuyu no kudari

鮮人はダラシがないことは日本人同様、ツケアガルことは日本人以上、支那人は金貯め人種だ、行商人の中で酒でも飲んでゐる支那人をみたことがない。

The Koreans are similar to the Japanese in their festiveness, and tend to get carried away even easier than us, but the Chinese are a stingy race. I have never seen a Chinese man drinking among pedlars.

Senjin wa darashi ga nai koto wa nihonjin dōyō, tsukeagaru koto wa nihonjin ijō, shinajin wa kanetame jinshu da, gyōshōnin no naka de sake demo nondeiru shinajin o mita koto ga nai.

日本人同様 にほんじんどうよう

日本人以上 にほんじんいじょう

行商人 ぎょうしょうにん

不逞鮮人

不逞鮮人 ふていせんじん

Korean who opposed Japanese rule; insubordinate Korean


裕仁

裕 (“abundant, rich”) + 仁 (“benevolence”)

compound

a male given name (Hirohito, Emperor of Japan 1926-1989)


石窟寺

石窟寺 (canonical)
sekkutsuji (romanization)

Compound of 石窟(せっくつ) (sekkutsu, “rock cave”) + 寺(じ) (ji, “temple”)


キャサリン

[kʲa̠sa̠ɾʲĩɴ]

A transliteration of the English female given name Catherine


深雪

[ɕĩɰ̃se̞t͡sɨ]


Biko

Rōmaji transcription of びこ
美子: a female given name


下の名前

下の名前 (canonical)
shita no namae (romanization)


禮次郎

[ɾe̞ːʑiɾo̞ː]


禮次郞

[ɾe̞ːʑiɾo̞ː]


礼次郎

[ɾe̞ːʑiɾo̞ː]

礼次 (Reiji) + 郎 (-ro) or 礼 (rei) + 次郎 (Jiro)


フスハー

bor

Arabic الْفُصْحَى (al-fuṣḥā)


戯訓

戯訓 (canonical)
gikun (romanization)
ぎくん (hiragana historical)


難訓

ja-noun

難(なん)訓(くん) • (nankun) ^(←なんくん (nankun)?)

難訓 (canonical)
nankun (romanization)
なんくん (hiragana historical)

『万葉集』の難訓歌
“Man'yōshū” no nankun-ka
songs in the Man'yōshū that are difficult to interpret


近世語

近(きん)世(せい)語(ご) • (kinseigo) ^(←きんせいご (kinseigo)?)

近世語 (canonical)
kinseigo (romanization)
きんせいご (hiragana historical)

[kʲĩɰ̃se̞ːɡo̞]

early modern Japanese
early modern Japanese

early modern Japanese (Edo-period Japanese language)


チャペル

[t͡ɕa̠pe̞ɾɯ̟]


諺解

諺(げん)解(かい) • (genkai) ^(←げんかい (genkai)?)

諺解 (canonical)
genkai (romanization)
げんかい (hiragana historical)

仏典の諺解

(historical) Korean-language annotation of Chinese-language works


かかりむすび

かかりむすび • (kakarimusubi) ^(←かかりむすび (kakarimusubi)?)

kakarimusubi (romanization)
かかりむすび (hiragana historical)

From 係(かか)り (kakari, “連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 係(かか)る (kakaru).”) + 結(むす)び (musubi, “連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 結(むす)ぶ (musubu).”).

ja-compound

kakarimusubi, a phenomenon in classical Japanese where certain words (a subset of 係助詞 (kakari-joshi)) provoke the usage of different verbal inflexion at the end of the sentence (呼応 (koō))


風太郎

[pɯ̟ːta̠ɾo̞ː]


ズーズー弁

ズーズー弁 (canonical)
zū-zū-ben (romanization)

[d͡zɨːzɨːbẽ̞ɴ]

(informal) Japanese dialect that has merged the yotsugana (四つ仮名)


かきくだす

ja-verb

かきくだす • (kakikudasu) ^(←かきくだす (kakikudasu)?)godan (stem かきくだし (kakikudashi), past かきくだした (kakikudashita))

kakikudasu (romanization)
かきくだし (stem)
かきくだした (past)
かきくださ
kakikudasa
かきくだし
kakikudashi
かきくだす
kakikudasu
かきくだせ
kakikudase
かきくだされる (passive)
kakikudasareru (passive)
かきくださせる (causative)
かきくださす (causative)
kakikudasaseru (causative)
kakikudasasu (causative)
かきくだせる (potential)
kakikudaseru (potential)
かきくだそう (volitional)
kakikudasō (volitional)
かきくださない (negative)
kakikudasanai (negative)
かきくださず (continuative negative)
kakikudasazu (continuative negative)
かきくだします (formal)
kakikudashimasu (formal)
かきくだした (perfective)
kakikudashita (perfective)
かきくだして (conjunctive)
kakikudashite (conjunctive)
かきくだせば (conditional hypothetical)
kakikudaseba (conditional hypothetical)

From 書(か)き (kaki, “連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 書(か)く (kaku).”) + 下(くだ)す (kudasu).

ja-compound

書(か)き下(くだ)し文(ぶん) 書き下し文#Japanese

to annotate a literary Chinese text, transforming it into 書(か)き下(くだ)し文(ぶん) (kakikudashi bun)


パンマル

[pã̠mːa̠ɾɯ̟]

ため口

roughly equivalent phenomenon in Japanese


珠理奈

[d͡ʑɨɾʲina̠]


権兵衛

ja-pos

権(ごん)兵(べ)衛(え) • (Gonbee) ^(←ごんべゑ (Gonbewe)?)

権兵衛 (canonical)
Gonbee (romanization)
Gonbewe (romanization)
ごんべゑ (hiragana historical)


権兵衛

権(ごんの)兵(ひょう)衛(え) • (Gonnohyōe) ^(←ごんのひやうゑ (Gonnofyauwe)?)

権兵衛 (canonical)
Gonnohyōe (romanization)
Gonnofyauwe (romanization)
ごんのひやうゑ (hiragana historical)

[ɡõ̞nːo̞ço̞ːe̞]


邦語

邦語 (canonical)
hōgo (romanization)
faugo (romanization)
はうご (hiragana historical)


真片仮名

真片仮名 (canonical)
shinkatakana (romanization)

Blend of 真名 (mana, “non-phonetic kanji”) + 片仮名 (katakana)

blend

a mixed script of kanji and katakana, or a use of such script, that was common in formal writing, before modern orthographic reforms which favored hiragana over katakana for grammatical elements such as particles and inflectional affixes


真仮名

真 (“true”) + 仮名. It is called "true", as opposed to hiragana and katakana which no longer retain the original shape of the Han characters (kanji) they derive from, even though it is still "false" as a type of 仮名 (kana, literally “false name”) because it is used phonetically. See also 真名 (mana, “non-phonetic kanji”, literally “true name”) and 真片仮名 (shinkatakana, “non-phonetic kanji and katakana”).

(history) a syllabary with characters drawn from kanji, such as the 万葉仮名 (Man'yōgana), that is the precursor to hiragana and katakana


大和仮名

大和仮名 (canonical)
Yamatogana (romanization)

大和 (“Yamato nation; Japan”) + 仮名. So called because hiragana and katakana were Japanese inventions, as opposed to 真名 (mana, “non-phonetic Chinese characters”) and 真仮名 (magana, “phonetic Chinese characters”).


韓民

ja-noun

韓(かん)民(みん) • (kanmin) ^(←かんみん (kanmin)?)

韓民 (canonical)
kanmin (romanization)
かんみん (hiragana historical)


韓人

韓(かん)人(じん) • (kanjin) ^(←かんじん (kanzin)?)

韓人 (canonical)
kanjin (romanization)
kanzin (romanization)
かんじん (hiragana historical)

[kã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑĩɴ]


よう子

Alternative form of 洋子, a female given name


現代仮名遣い

現(げん)代(だい)仮(か)名(な)遣(づか)い • (gendai kanazukai) ^(←げんだいかなづかひ (gendai kanadukafi)?)

現代仮名遣い (canonical)
gendai kanazukai (romanization)
gendai kanadukafi (romanization)
げんだいかなづかひ (hiragana historical)

From 現代 (gendai, “modern”) + 仮名遣い (kanazukai, “kana usage”).

compound

the method of using kana to write Japanese that has been used after the 1946 (post-war) Japanese national language reform; unlike its predecessor, it is almost entirely phonetic, reflecting the modern language with little ambiguity


同訓

同訓 (canonical)
dōkun (romanization)
doukun (romanization)
どうくん (hiragana historical)

of multiple kanji: having the same kun (訓)


異字同訓

ja-noun

異(い)字(じ)同(どう)訓(くん) • (iji dōkun) ^(←いじどうくん (izidoukun)?)

異字同訓 (canonical)
iji dōkun (romanization)
izidoukun (romanization)
いじどうくん (hiragana historical)

[iʑi do̞ːkɯ̟̃ɴ]

different kanji with the same 訓(くん) (kun, “kun'yomi”)


ファミコンことば

From ファミレス (famiresu, “family restaurant”) + コンビニ (konbini, “convenience store”) + 言葉(ことば) (kotoba, “language”). Homophony to ファミコン (famikon, “NES”) is probably intentional.

the polite language used by part-time workers customers


英単語

英(えい)単(たん)語(ご) • (eitango) ^(←えいたんご (eitango)?)

英単語 (canonical)
eitango (romanization)
えいたんご (hiragana historical)

[e̞ːtã̠ŋɡo̞]


いろはじゅん

いろはじゅん • (iroha-jun) ^(←いろはじゆん (irofazyun)?)

iroha-jun (romanization)
irofazyun (romanization)
いろはじゆん (hiragana historical)

[iɾo̞ha̠ʑɨ̃ɴ]

From いろは (iroha) + 順(じゅん) (jun, “order”).

the traditional collation order for the Japanese language consistent with the いろは歌 (Iroha Uta) pangrammatic poem, nowadays dated, having been replaced by the 五十音順 (gojūon-jun, “fifty sounds order”)


ヘブライ人

ヘブライ人 (canonical)
Heburai-jin (romanization)

ヘブライ人への手紙


カナン人

カナン人 (canonical)
Kanan-bito (romanization)

(biblical) a Canaanite (member of ancient Semitic people)


ペリシテ人

ペリシテ人(じん) or ペリシテ人(びと) • (Perishite-jin or Perishite-bito)

ペリシテ人 (canonical)
ペリシテ人 (canonical)
Perishite-jin (romanization)
Perishite-bito (romanization)

(biblical) a Philistine (non-Semitic person from ancient Philistia)


サマリア人

サマリア人(じん) or サマリア人(びと) • (Samaria-jin or Samaria-bito)

サマリア人 (canonical)
サマリア人 (canonical)
Samaria-jin (romanization)
Samaria-bito (romanization)

よきサマリア人

(biblical) a Samaritan (a native or inhabitant of Samaria)


ヘブル人

ヘブル人 (canonical)
Heburu-bito (romanization)

ヘブル人への手紙

ヘブライ人 ヘブライ人#Japanese

(biblical) Synonym of ヘブライ人 (Heburai-jin, “Hebrew”) (person)


春菜

Compound of 春 (haru, “springtime”) + 菜 (na, “vegetables”).


ナザレ人

ナザレ人 (canonical)
Nazare-bito (romanization)

(biblical) the Nazarene (epithet of Jesus Christ)


ヒジリ

English: Hijiri


露文

露文 (canonical)
robun (romanization)
ろぶん (hiragana historical)


みさと

みさと (canonical)
ミサト (canonical)
Misato (romanization)


神代文字

神代文字 (canonical)
jindai moji (romanization)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Emperor Jimmu
Jindai moji
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:神代文字

table
Compound of 神代 (jindai, “the age of the gods, a mythological age before the reign of Emperor Jimmu”) + 文字 (moji, “character, writing”).
Attested since at least 1895.

any of various writing systems claimed to predate Japan's adoption of Chinese characters and perpetuated by feudal scholars, but widely discredited by modern scholars


神代文字

神代文字 (canonical)
kamiyo moji (romanization)

table
Likely a shift from jindai moji, adopting the kun'yomi of kamiyo for the first portion.
Also analyzable as a compound of 神代 (kamiyo, “the age of the gods, a mythological age before the reign of Emperor Jimmu”) + 文字 (moji, “character, writing”).
Date of first appearance is unclear. This reading is unusual, and usage might be regional; it is not included in many references.

(possibly dialect, Tōhoku) any of various writing systems claimed to predate Japan's adoption of Chinese characters and perpetuated by feudal scholars, but widely discredited by modern scholars


おれっこ

おれっこ (canonical)
オレっこ (canonical)
orekko (romanization)

(ACG) girl who uses the masculine pronoun おれ (ore)


ぼくっこ

ぼくっこ (canonical)
ボクっこ (canonical)
bokukko (romanization)

(ACG) girl who uses the masculine pronoun ぼく (boku)


現在進行形

ja-noun

現(げん)在(ざい)進(しん)行(こう)形(けい) • (genzai shinkōkei) ^(←げんざいしんかうけい (genzaisinkaukei)?)

現在進行形 (canonical)
genzai shinkōkei (romanization)
genzaisinkaukei (romanization)
げんざいしんかうけい (hiragana historical)

[ɡẽ̞nd͡za̠i ɕĩŋko̞ːke̞ː]

From 現在(げんざい) (genzai) + 進行(しんこう) (shinkō) + 形(けい) (kei).


ゲエズ語

From ゲエズ (Geezu, “Ge'ez”) + 語 (-go, “language”).


伊呂波仮名

伊呂波仮名 (canonical)
irohagana (romanization)

伊呂波 (Iroha) + 仮名 (kana), so called because historically, hiragana were arranged in 伊呂波順 (“Iroha order”), as opposed to katakana which were historically arranged in 五十音順 (literally “order of the fifty sounds”).

Coordinate term: 五十音仮名


五十音仮名

ja-noun

五(ご)十(じゅう)音(おん)仮(が)名(な) • (gojūongana) ^(←ごじふおんがな (gozifuongana)?)

五十音仮名 (canonical)
gojūongana (romanization)
gozifuongana (romanization)
ごじふおんがな (hiragana historical)

[ɡo̞ʑɨːõ̞ŋɡa̠na̠]

五十音 (literally “fifty sounds”) + 仮名 (kana), so called because historically, mainly katakana were arranged in 五十音順 (literally “order of the fifty sounds”), as opposed to hiragana which were historically arranged in 伊呂波順 (“Iroha order”).

af

Coordinate term: 伊呂波仮名


ぱ行

ぱ行 (canonical)
pagyō (romanization)
pagyau (romanization)
ぱぎゃう (hiragana historical)

(phonology, orthography) a row derived from the は行 (“ha-row”) of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”) (but not included in the table) by adding the diacritical mark ゜, consisting of the five kana ぱ/パ (pa), ぴ/ピ (pi), ぷ/プ (pu), ぺ/ペ (pe) and ぽ/ポ (po)


ば行

ば行 (canonical)
bagyō (romanization)
bagyau (romanization)
ばぎゃう (hiragana historical)

バ行上一段/下一段/上二段/四段/五段活用
bagyō kamīchidan/shimoichidan/kaminidan/yodan/godan katsuyō
ba-row upper-monograde/lower-monograde/upper-bigrade/quadrigrade/quintigrade inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) a row derived from the は行 (“ha-row”) of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”) (but not included in the table) by adding the diacritical mark ゛, consisting of the five kana ば/バ (ba), び/ビ (bi), ぶ/ブ (bu), べ/ベ (be) and ぼ/ボ (bo)


あ行

あ行 (canonical)
agyō (romanization)
agyau (romanization)
あぎゃう (hiragana historical)

ア行上一段/下一段/下二段活用
agyō kamīchidan/shimoichidan/shimonidan katsuyō
a-row upper-monograde/lower-monograde/lower-bigrade inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the first row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana あ/ア (a), い/イ (i), う/ウ (u), え/エ (e) and お/オ (o)


わ行

わ行 (canonical)
wagyō (romanization)
wagyau (romanization)
わぎゃう (hiragana historical)

ワ行上一段/下二段/五段活用
wagyō kamīchidan/shimonidan/godan katsuyō
wa-row upper-bigrade/lower-bigrade/quintigrade inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the tenth and last row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana わ/ワ (wa), ゐ/ヰ (wi), う/ウ (u) (alternatively, 𛄟 (𛄟)/𛄢 (wu)), ゑ/ヱ (we) and を/ヲ (wo), one of which is taken from the あ行 (“a-row”) to represent classical grammatical inflection in modern text


は行

は行 (canonical)
hagyō (romanization)
fagyau (romanization)
はぎゃう (hiragana historical)

ハ行下一段/上二段/下二段/四段活用
hagyō shimoichidan/kaminidan/shimonidan/yodan katsuyō
ha-row lower-monograde/upper-bigrade/lower-bigrade/quadrigrade inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the sixth row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana は/ハ (ha), ひ/ヒ (hi), ふ/フ (fu), へ/ヘ (he) and ほ/ホ (ho)


あ段

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the first and highest-graded column of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the ten kana あ/ア (a), か/カ (ka), さ/サ (sa), た/タ (ta), な/ナ (na), は/ハ (ha), ま/マ (ma), や/ヤ (ya), ら/ラ (ra) and わ/ワ (wa)


五十音図

ja-noun

五(ご)十(じゅう)音(おん)図(ず) • (gojūonzu) ^(←ごじふおんづ (gozifuondu)?)

五十音図 (canonical)
gojūonzu (romanization)
gozifuondu (romanization)
ごじふおんづ (hiragana historical)

[ɡo̞ʑɨːõ̞nd͡zɨ]

五十音 (literally “fifty sounds”) + 図 (“diagram”)

suf

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the 5x10 table used for arranging all the 47 kana used for the 五十音 (literally “fifty sounds”), whose 列 (“columns”) are arranged by the vowels (/a/, /i/, /ɯ/, /e/, /o/) and 行 (“rows”) are arranged by the consonants (Ø, /k/, /s/, /t/, /n/, /h/, /m/, /j/, /ɾ/, /w/; voiced obstruents and /p/ are customarily not included because they were rarely distinguished in writing); columns are ranked by 段 (“grade”), with the vowel /a/ being the highest grade and the vowel /o/ being the lowest; the missing cells of the や行 (“ya-row”) and わ行 (“wa-row”) are filled with い/イ (i), え/エ (e) and う/ウ (u) taken from the あ行 (“a-row”), in order to represent classical grammatical inflection with modern text (or alternatively, artificially filled with rare kana such as 𛀆/𛄠 (yi), 𛀁/𛄡 (ye) and 𛄟 (𛄟)/𛄢 (wu))


や行

や行 (canonical)
yagyō (romanization)
yagyau (romanization)
やぎゃう (hiragana historical)

ヤ行上一段/上二段/下二段活用
yagyō kamīchidan/kaminidan/shimonidan katsuyō
ya-row upper-monograde/upper-bigrade/lower-bigrade inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the eighth row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana や/ヤ (ya), い/イ (i) (alternatively, 𛀆/𛄠 (yi)), ゆ/ユ (yu), え/エ (e) (alternatively, 𛀁/𛄡 (ye)) and よ/ヨ (yo), two of which are taken from the あ行 (“a-row”) to represent classical grammatical inflection in modern text


蕃語

蕃語 (canonical)
bango (romanization)
ばんご (hiragana historical)

(Taiwan under Japanese rule) aboriginal language

"barbarian language"
aboriginal language


蛮語

蛮語 (canonical)
bango (romanization)
ばんご (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) "barbarian language"
(Edo-period Japan) European language


平埔蕃

平埔 (orthographic borrowing from Hokkien 平埔 (pêⁿ-po͘; pîⁿ-po͘)) + 蕃.

compound

(historical, Taiwan under Japanese rule) plain aborigine


ブレンダン

A transliteration of the English male given name Brendan


ジョルノ

A transliteration of the Italian male given name Giorno


イ音便

(phonology, grammar) a form of euphony whereby certain historical morae became い (i)


撥音便

撥音便 (canonical)
hatsuonbin (romanization)

[ha̠t͡sɨõ̞mbʲĩɴ]

Blend of 撥音 (hatsuon, “moraic nasal”) + 音便 (onbin, “euphony”)

blend

(phonology, grammar) a form of euphony whereby certain historical morae became a moraic nasal


ウ音便

(phonology, grammar) a form of euphony whereby certain historical morae became う (u)


促音便

促音便 (canonical)
sokuonbin (romanization)

[so̞kɯ̟õ̞mbʲĩɴ]

Blend of 促音 (sokuon, “moraic obstruent”) + 音便 (onbin, “euphony”)

(phonology, grammar) a form of euphony whereby certain historical morae became sokuon before a stop, especially before /t/


マリオ

A transliteration of the Italian male given name Mario


フィンガル

A transliteration of the English male given name Fingal


クレア

A transliteration of the French female given name Claire


ケリー

ja-pos

ケリー • (Kerī)

A transliteration of the English surname, male given name, and female given name Kerry


ケリー

ケリー • (Kerī)

A transliteration of the English surname, male given name, and female given name Kelly


タイロン

A transliteration of the English male given name Tyrone


いみな

imina (romanization)
いみな (hiragana historical)


店名

ja-noun

店(てん)名(めい) • (tenmei) ^(←てんめい (tenmei)?)

店名 (canonical)
tenmei (romanization)
てんめい (hiragana historical)


第二形容詞

第(だい)二(に)形(けい)容(よう)詞(し) • (daini keiyōshi)

第二形容詞 (canonical)
daini keiyōshi (romanization)

第二 (“second”) + 形容詞 (“adjective”), literally “second adjective”

af

a Classical Japanese adjective with シク活用 (shiku-katsuyō, “shiku-inflection”)


第一形容詞

ja-noun

第(だい)一(いち)形(けい)容(よう)詞(し) • (daiichi keiyōshi)

第一形容詞 (canonical)
daiichi keiyōshi (romanization)

第一 (“first”) + 形容詞 (“adjective”), literally “first adjective”

af

a Classical Japanese adjective with ク活用 (ku-katsuyō, “ku-inflection”)


変格活用

ja-noun

変(へん)格(かく)活(かつ)用(よう) • (henkaku katsuyō) ^(←へんかくくゎつよう (fenkaku kwatuyou)?)

変格活用 (canonical)
henkaku katsuyō (romanization)
fenkaku kwatuyou (romanization)
へんかくくゎつよう (hiragana historical)

[hẽ̞ŋka̠kɯ̟̊ ka̠t͡sɨjo̞ː]

a Japanese verbal inflection that is considered irregular


正格活用

正(せい)格(かく)活(かつ)用(よう) • (seikaku katsuyō) ^(←せいかくくゎつよう (seikaku kwatuyou)?)

正格活用 (canonical)
seikaku katsuyō (romanization)
seikaku kwatuyou (romanization)
せいかくくゎつよう (hiragana historical)

a Japanese verbal inflection that is considered regular


形式名詞

形式名詞 (canonical)
keishiki meishi (romanization)

形式 (“form; formality; format”) + 名詞 (“noun”), literally “noun in form only”

af

a Japanese noun that can be grammaticalized and nominalize clauses


補助形容詞

ja-noun

補(ほ)助(じょ)形(けい)容(よう)詞(し) • (hojo keiyōshi)

補助形容詞 (canonical)
hojo keiyōshi (romanization)

Coordinate term: 補助動詞

a free Japanese adjective (自立語 (jiritsugo)) that can be grammaticalized by being attached to an inflectional form of another 用言 (yōgen, “inflected word”)


連体修飾語

れんたい しゅうしょくご

連(れん)体(たい)修(しゅう)飾(しょく)語(ご) • (rentai shūshokugo) ^(←れんたいしうしよくご (rentai siusyokugo)?)

連体修飾語 (canonical)
rentai shūshokugo (romanization)
rentai siusyokugo (romanization)
れんたいしうしよくご (hiragana historical)

[ɾẽ̞nta̠i ɕɨːɕo̞kɯ̟ɡo̞]

Compound of 連(れん)体(たい) (rentai, “attributive”) + 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)語(ご) (shūshokugo, “modifier”).

ja-compound

Coordinate term: 連用修飾語 (ren'yō shūshokugo)

(grammar) a 体言 (taigen, “nominal”) modifier

ja:修飾語#連体修飾語


連用修飾語

ja-noun

れんよう しゅうしょくご

連(れん)用(よう)修(しゅう)飾(しょく)語(ご) • (ren'yō shūshokugo) ^(←れんようしうしよくご (ren'you siusyokugo)?)

連用修飾語 (canonical)
ren'yō shūshokugo (romanization)
ren'you siusyokugo (romanization)
れんようしうしよくご (hiragana historical)

[ɾẽ̞ɰ̃jo̞ː ɕɨːɕo̞kɯ̟ɡo̞]

Compound of 連(れん)用(よう) (ren'yō, “continuative”) + 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)語(ご) (shūshokugo, “modifier”).

ja-compound

Coordinate term: 連体修飾語 (rentai shūshokugo)

(grammar) a 用言 (yōgen, “inflected word”) modifier

ja:修飾語#連用修飾語


オロチョン語

オロチョン語 (canonical)
Orochon-go (romanization)

[o̞ɾo̞t͡ɕõ̞ŋɡo̞]


ギリヤーク語

ギリヤーク語 (canonical)
Giriyāku-go (romanization)

[ɡʲiɾʲija̠ːkɯ̟ɡo̞]


一型アクセント

一型アクセント (canonical)
ikkei akusento (romanization)

一型 (“1 type”) + アクセント (“accent”), literally “uniform accent”

af

(phonology) the lack of any phonemic pitch accent in certain dialects of Japanese (all words have the same accent)

(phonology) the lack of any phonemic pitch accent among words with the same mora count in certain dialects of Japanese (words with the same mora count have the same accent)


曖昧アクセント

曖昧アクセント (canonical)
aimai akusento (romanization)

(phonology) in certain Japanese dialects, pitch accent that is highly inconsistent and unpredictable


薩人

ja-noun

薩(さつ)人(じん) • (satsujin) ^(←さつじん (satuzin)?)

薩人 (canonical)
satsujin (romanization)
satuzin (romanization)
さつじん (hiragana historical)

[sa̠t͡sɨʑĩɴ]

(historical) person from Satsuma (modern Kagoshima)


直音

[t͡ɕo̞kɯ̟õ̞ɴ]

(Japanese orthography and phonology) a mora that consists of either (1) one vowel or (2) one consonant and one vowel, and is spelt with only one full-sized kana, such as あ (a), き (ki) or ぶ (bu)


ルイージ

ja-pos

ルイージ • (Ruīji)

A transliteration of the Italian male given name Luigi


ウォロディミル

[β̞o̞ɾo̞dʲimʲiɾɯ̟]

ウォロディミル・ゼレンスキー
Worodimiru Zerensukī
Volodymyr Zelensky

Володи́мир Володимир#Ukrainian

A transliteration of the Ukrainian male given name Володи́мир (Volodýmyr)


う段

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the third and middle-graded column of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the nine kana う/ウ (u), く/ク (ku), す/ス (su), つ/ツ (tsu), ぬ/ヌ (nu), ふ/フ (fu), む/ム (mu), ゆ/ユ (yu) and る/ル (ru), and sometimes additionally 𛄟 (𛄟)/𛄢 (wu)


ま行

ま行 (canonical)
magyō (romanization)
magyau (romanization)
まぎゃう (hiragana historical)

マ行上一段/上二段/下一段/下二段/四段/五段活用
magyō kamīchidan/kaminidan/shimoichidan/shimonidan/yodan/godan katsuyō
ma-row upper-monograde/upper-bigrade/lower-monograde/lower-bigrade/quadrigrade/quintigrade inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the sixth row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana ま/マ (ma), み/ミ (mi), む/ム (mu), め/メ (me) and も/モ (mo)


さ行

さ行 (canonical)
sagyō (romanization)
sagyau (romanization)
さぎゃう (hiragana historical)

サ行下一段/下二段/四段/五段/変格活用
sagyō shimoichidan/shimonidan/yodan/godan/henkaku katsuyō
sa-row lower-monograde/lower-bigrade/quadrigrade/quintigrade/irregular inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the third row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana さ/サ (sa), し/シ (shi), す/ス (su), せ/セ (se) and そ/ソ (so)


た行

た行 (canonical)
tagyō (romanization)
tagyau (romanization)
たぎゃう (hiragana historical)

タ行上一段/上二段/下一段/下二段/四段/五段活用
tagyō kamīchidan/kaminidan/shimoichidan/shimonidan/yodan/godan katsuyō
ta-row upper-monograde/upper-bigrade/lower-monograde/lower-bigrade/quadrigrade/quintigrade inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the fourth row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana た/タ (ta), ち/チ (chi), つ/ツ (tsu), て/テ (te) and と/ト (to)


え段

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the fourth and second-lowest-graded column of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the nine kana え/エ (e), け/ケ (ke), せ/セ (se), て/テ (te), ね/ネ (ne), へ/ヘ (he), め/メ (me), れ/レ (re) and ゑ/ヱ (we), and sometimes additionally 𛀁/𛄡 (ye)


な行

な行 (canonical)
nagyō (romanization)
nagyau (romanization)
なぎゃう (hiragana historical)

ナ行上一段/下一段/下二段/四段/五段/変格活用
nagyō kamīchidan/shimoichidan/shimonidan/yodan/godan/henkaku katsuyō
na-row upper-monograde/lower-monograde/lower-bigrade/quadrigrade/quintigrade/irregular inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the fifth row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana な/ナ (na), に/ニ (ni), ぬ/ヌ (nu), ね/ネ (ne) and の/ノ (no)


お段

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the fifth and lowest-graded column of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the ten kana お/オ (o), こ/コ (ko), そ/ソ (so), と/ト (to), の/ノ (no), ほ/ホ (ho), も/モ (mo), よ/ヨ (yo), ろ/ロ (ro) and を/ヲ (wo)


ら行

ら行 (canonical)
ragyō (romanization)
ragyau (romanization)
らぎゃう (hiragana historical)

ラ行上一段/上二段/下一段/下二段/四段/五段/変格活用
ragyō kamīchidan/kaminidan/shimoichidan/shimonidan/yodan/godan/henkaku katsuyō
ra-row upper-monograde/upper-bigrade/lower-monograde/lower-bigrade/quadrigrade/quintigrade/irregular inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the ninth row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana ら/ラ (ra), り/リ (ri), る/ル (ru), れ/レ (re) and ろ/ロ (ro)


か行

か行 (canonical)
kagyō (romanization)
kagyau (romanization)
かぎゃう (hiragana historical)

カ行上一段/上二段/下一段/下二段/四段/五段/変格活用
kagyō kamīchidan/kaminidan/shimoichidan/shimonidan/yodan/godan/henkaku katsuyō
ka-row upper-monograde/upper-bigrade/lower-monograde/lower-bigrade/quadrigrade/quintigrade/irregular inflection

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the second row of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the five kana か/カ (ka), き/キ (ki), く/ク (ku), け/ケ (ke) and こ/コ (ko)


い段

(phonology, orthography, grammar) the second and second-highest-graded column of the 五十音図 (literally “table of the fifty sounds”), consisting of the nine kana い/イ (i), き/キ (ki), し/シ (shi), ち/チ (chi), に/ニ (ni), ひ/ヒ (hi), み/ミ (mi), り/リ (ri) and ゐ/ヰ (wi), and sometimes additionally 𛀆/𛄠 (yi)


西フリジア語

西フリジア語 (canonical)
Nishi-Furijia-go (romanization)


新字

新字 (canonical)
shinji (romanization)
sinzi (romanization)
しんじ (hiragana historical)

"new characters": Synonym of 新字体 (shinjitai)


旧字

旧字 (canonical)
kyūji (romanization)
kiuzi (romanization)
きうじ (hiragana historical)

旧字旧仮名

old kanji and old kana (pre-war orthography)

"old characters": Synonym of 旧字体 (kyūjitai)


当用漢字

当用漢字 (canonical)
tōyō kanji (romanization)

[to̞ːjo̞ːkã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑi]

From 当用 (“general use, daily use”) + 漢字 (“kanji”).

compound

(orthography, historical) tōyō kanji (kanji that were declared official by the Ministry of Education of Japan on November 16, 1946, later replaced by 常用漢字 (jōyō kanji))


イアン

A transliteration of the English male given name Ian


エミー

A transliteration of the English female given name Emmy


アントン

A transliteration of the English male given name Anton


フレッド

[ɸɯ̟ɾe̞d̚d̥o̞]

A transliteration of the English male given name Fred


エドガー

ja-pos

エドガー • (Edogā)

A transliteration of the English male given name Edgar


コナン

A transliteration of the English male given name Conan


キース

キース • (Kīsu)

A transliteration of the English male given name Keith


モン

(in compounds) Mon (a people of Myanmar)


駅名

ja-noun

駅(えき)名(めい) • (ekimei) ^(←えきめい (ekimei)?)

駅名 (canonical)
ekimei (romanization)
えきめい (hiragana historical)


カレン

A transliteration of the English female given name Karen


ペドロ

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Pedro

A transliteration of the Portuguese male given name Pedro


ネルソン

[ne̞ɾɯ̟sõ̞ɴ]

A transliteration of the English male given name Nelson


トニー

ja-pos

トニー • (Tonī)

A transliteration of the English male given name Tony


ミシェル

A transliteration of the French male given name Michel

A transliteration of the French female given name Michèle

A transliteration of the English female given name Michelle


ヨハネス

A transliteration of the German male given name Johannes


ピョートル

[pʲo̞ːto̞ɾɯ̟]

Пётр Пётр#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Пётр (Pjotr)


ボビー

ボビー • (Bobī)

A transliteration of the English male given name Bobby


フェルナンド

[ɸe̞ɾɯ̟nã̠ndo̞]

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Fernando

A transliteration of the Portuguese male given name Fernando


ヘルマン

[he̞ɾɯ̟mã̠ɴ]

A transliteration of the German male given name Hermann


サミュエル

[sa̠mʲɨe̞ɾɯ̟]

A transliteration of the English male given name Samuel


フアン

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Juan


デビッド

A transliteration of the English male given name David


テッド

A transliteration of the English male given name Ted


アーノルド

[a̠ːno̞ɾɯ̟do̞]

A transliteration of the English male given name Arnold


ジョーダン

ジョーダン • (Jōdan)

[d͡ʑo̞ːdã̠ɴ]

A transliteration of the English male given name Jordan


メアリー

メアリー • (Mearī)

A transliteration of the English female given name Mary


クリストファー

[kɯ̟ɾʲisɨto̞ɸa̠ː]

A transliteration of the English male given name Christopher


アルブレヒト

[a̠ɾɯ̟bɯ̟ɾe̞çito̞]

A transliteration of the German male given name Albrecht


レオポルト

[ɾe̞o̞po̞ɾɯ̟to̞]

A transliteration of the German male given name Leopold


チャーリー

チャーリー • (Chārī)

[t͡ɕa̠ːɾʲiː]

A transliteration of the English male given name Charlie


ベンジャミン

[bẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑa̠mʲĩɴ]

A transliteration of the English male given name Benjamin


ステュアート

A transliteration of the English surname and male given name Stuart or Stewart


ウォルター

ウォルター • (Worutā)

[β̞o̞ɾɯ̟ta̠ː]

A transliteration of the English male given name Walter


フェリペ

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Felipe


アルフォンソ

[a̠ɾɯ̟ɸõ̞ɰ̃so̞]

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Alfonso

A transliteration of the Italian male given name Alfonso


ディック

A transliteration of the English male given name and surname Dick


ロイド

A transliteration of the English surname and male given name Lloyd


サイモン

A transliteration of the English male given name and surname Simon


トミー

トミー • (Tomī)

A transliteration of the English male given name Tommy


スタンリー

[sɨtã̠n̺ɾʲiː]

A transliteration of the English male given name Stanley


ゴードン

ゴードン • (Gōdon)

A transliteration of the English surname and male given name Gordon


ジミー

ジミー • (Jimī)

A transliteration of the English male given name Jimmy


ディーン

ディーン • (Dīn)

A transliteration of the English surname and male given name Dean


ジャッキー

ジャッキー • (Jakkī)

[d͡ʑa̠k̚ʲkʲiː]

A transliteration of the English unisex given name Jacky or Jackie


英称

ja-noun

英(えい)称(しょう) • (eishō) ^(←えいしよう (eisyou)?)

英称 (canonical)
eishō (romanization)
eisyou (romanization)
えいしよう (hiragana historical)


アラン

A transliteration of the French male given name Alain

A transliteration of the English male given name Alan or Allan


マクシミリアン

[ma̠kɯ̟ɕimʲiɾʲiã̠ɴ]

A transliteration of the German male given name Maximilian

A transliteration of the French male given name Maximilien

A transliteration of the English male given name Maximilian


マヌエル

[ma̠nɯ̟e̞ɾɯ̟]

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Manuel

A transliteration of the Portuguese male given name Manuel


アルベルト

[a̠ɾɯ̟be̞ɾɯ̟to̞]

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Alberto

アルベルト・フジモリ

A transliteration of the Portuguese male given name Alberto


セルゲイ

[se̞ɾɯ̟ɡe̞ː]

Серге́й Сергей#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Серге́й (Sergéj)


ジェイソン

[d͡ʑe̞ːsõ̞ɴ]

A transliteration of the English male given name Jason


別姓

別(べっ)姓(せい) • (bessei) ^(←べつせい (betusei)?)

別姓 (canonical)
bessei (romanization)
betusei (romanization)
べつせい (hiragana historical)


夫婦別姓

夫(ふう)婦(ふ)別(べっ)姓(せい) • (fūfu bessei) ^(←ふうふべつせい (fuufubetusei)?)

夫婦別姓 (canonical)
fūfu bessei (romanization)
fuufubetusei (romanization)
ふうふべつせい (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟ːɸɯ̟ be̞sːe̞ː]

husband and wife retaining different surnames


三段活用

三(さん)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) • (san-dan katsuyō)

三段活用 (canonical)
san-dan katsuyō (romanization)

(linguistics, uncommon) trigrade conjugation


百合子

English: Yuriko

百合 (yuri, “lily”) + 子 (-ko, suffix used in female given names)


久利

菊岡久利 ― Kikuoka Kuri ― Kuri Kikuoka (a.k.a. Michinokuo Takagi)


久利

仙石久利 ― Sengoku Hisatoshi ― Hisatoshi Sengoku


二矢

Appears to be a compound of おと (oto, uncertain; possibly related to 弟 (otōto, “younger brother”)?) + 矢 (ya, “arrow”, although the "arrow" character may also just be phonetic; -ya is a common ending in various given names).

compound

uncertain; possibly related to <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">弟</i> (otōto, “younger brother”)?


パイユート人

パイユート人 (canonical)
Paiyūto-jin (romanization)

[pa̠ijɯ̟ːto̞ʑĩɴ]


三治郎

[sã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑiɾo̞ː]


オールブラックス

[o̞ːɾɯ̟bɯ̟ɾa̠k̚kɯ̟sɨ]

南半球の4カ国による「ラグビー･チャンピオンシップ2 02 2」、混戦を制したのはNZ代表オールブラックス。

2022 November 24, [ラグビー･チャンピオンシップ、ワラビーズは3位／豪州ラグビー通信], NichiGo Press

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


ワラビーズ

[β̞a̠ɾa̠bʲiːzɨ]

豪代表ワラビーズは3 位となった。


サッカルーズ

[sa̠k̚ka̠ɾɯ̟ːzɨ]

サッカルーズは難敵相手に勝たねば後がないという崖っぷちに立たされているだけでなく、今までにないレベルの危機的状況下で絶体絶命の状況に喘いでいる。

2022 March 23, Hisataka Uematsu, 豪州在住ライターが解説。手負いの“サッカルーズ”に何が起こっているのか？, Footballista

今年11月にカタールで開催されるサッカーワールドカップの予選大陸間プレーオフが、現地時間の6月13日にカタールのアルラヤンで行われ、オーストラリア代表「サッカルーズ」が、PK戦の末、ペルーを5-4で制し、5大会連続6回目のワールドカップ出場を果たしました。

2022 June 14, Yumi Oba, サッカルーズ PKの末W杯出場獲得 5大会連続出場へ, SBS News


エニェ

The name of the Latin-script letter Ñ/ñ.


佳苗

佳苗 (canonical)
Kanae (romanization)
kanafe (romanization)
かなへ (hiragana historical)


ダリー語

[da̠ɾʲiːɡo̞]


七澤

ja-pos

七(なな)澤(さわ) • (Nanasawa) ^(←ななさは (nanasafa)?)

七澤 (canonical)
Nanasawa (romanization)
nanasafa (romanization)
ななさは (hiragana historical)


神代

Compound of 神(じん) (jin, “god”) + 代(だい) (dai, “age, times”).


神代

神代 (canonical)
Kōjiro (romanization)
神代 (canonical)
Kōshiro (romanization)

The shiro changes to jiro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


グンマー

ja-pos

グンマー • (Gunmā)

Modification of 群馬(ぐんま) (Gunma), as if it were a foreign land.

(Internet slang, humorous) the "mysterious and primitive land" of Gunma


エリカ

A transliteration of the English female given name Erica or Erika


クリフォード

A transliteration of the English male given name Clifford


福建語

[ɸɯ̟k̚kẽ̞ŋɡo̞]

福建 (Fukken, “Fujian”) + 語 (-go, “language”).


なつお

夏夫, 夏央, 夏生, 夏緒, 夏雄, 奈津生, 奈津緒: a male given name


勝太郎

勝太郎 (canonical)
Katsutarō (romanization)


納所

ja-noun

納(なっ)所(しょ) or 納(のう)所(しょ) • (nassho or nōsho) ^(←なふしよ (nafusyo)?)

納所 (canonical)
納所 (canonical)
nassho (romanization)
nōsho (romanization)
nafusyo (romanization)
なふしよ (hiragana historical)

a monk in charge of the above activities


アルビン

A transliteration of the English male given name Alvin


水星人

水星人 (canonical)
suiseijin (romanization)

[sɨise̞ːʑĩɴ]

水星 (Suisei, “Mercury”) + 人 (-jin, “human”)

suf

(science fiction) a Mercurian (inhabitant of Mercury)


カムリ語

カムリ語 (canonical)
Kamurigo (romanization)

Borrowed from Welsh Cymru (“Wales”) + 語(ご) (go, “language”).


ビスラマ語

ビスラマ語 (canonical)
bisuramago (romanization)


ヒリモツ語

ヒリモツ語 (canonical)
hirimotsugo (romanization)


ナバホ語

ナバホ語 (canonical)
nabahogo (romanization)


ツバル語

ツバル語 (canonical)
tsubarugo (romanization)

[t͡sɨba̠ɾɯ̟ɡo̞]


ナウル語

[na̠ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɡo̞]


アブハズ語

アブハズ語 (canonical)
abuhazugo (romanization)


イラク語

[iɾa̠kɯ̟ɡo̞]


ティグリニャ語

ティグリニャ語 (canonical)
tigurinyago (romanization)

[tʲiɡɯ̟ɾʲiɲ̟a̠ɡo̞]


グアラニー語

グアラニー語 (canonical)
guaranīgo (romanization)

[ɡɯ̟a̠ɾa̠ɲ̟iːɡo̞]


マダガスカル語

マダガスカル語 (canonical)
Madagasukarugo (romanization)

[ma̠da̠ɡa̠sɨka̠ɾɯ̟ɡo̞]


アフロ・アジア語族

アフロ・アジア語族 (canonical)
Afuro Ajia Gozoku (romanization)

[a̠ɸɯ̟ɾo̞a̠ʑia̠ɡo̞zo̞kɯ̟]

ja:アフロ・アジア語族


ルワンダ語

ルワンダ語 (canonical)
ruwandago (romanization)

[ɾɯ̟β̞ã̠nda̠ɡo̞]


増税メガネ

増税メガネ (canonical)
Zōzei Megane (romanization)

From 増税(ぞうぜい) (zōzei, “tax increase”) + 眼鏡(めがね) (megane, “eye glasses”), in reference to Kishida’s proposals to increase government spending and the fact that he wears glasses.

ja-compound

国民が岸田文雄首相につけた不名誉なあだ名「増税メガネ」。最近、気にし始め、岸田首相は「しかめ面」をしたという。
Kokumin ga Kishida Fumio Shushō ni tsuketa fumeiyo na adana “Zōzei Megane”. Saikin, ki ni shihajime, Kishida Shushō wa “shikame tsura” o shita to iu.
Citizens have given Prime Minister Fumio Kishida the disparaging nickname “Zōzei Megane” (four-eyed tax-raiser). Recently, Kishida is said to have taken notice and “frowned” about it.

2023 October 7, Kono Masayuki, “Minna no hiroba: ‘Zōzei Megane’ kokumin no ikari tozen [Public square: Naturally citizens are angry at ‘Zōzei Megane’]”, in Mainichi Shimbun, page 8

岸田文雄首相が「増税メガネ」というあだ名で呼ばれているのを記事やSNSで見かける機会が増えてきた。岸田首相本人がまだ増税したわけではないのに、なぜ「増税」をあだ名にされるのか。
Kishida Fumio Shushō ga “Zōzei Megane” to iu adana de yobarete-iru no o kiji ya SNS de mikakeru kikai ga fuete-kita. Kishida shushō honnin ga mada zōzei shita wake de wa nai no ni, naze “zōzei” o adana ni sareru no ka.

2023 October 19, Yamazaki Gen, “Kishida Shushō wa naze ‘Zōzei Megane’ to yobareru no ka [Why is Prime Minister Kishda called ‘Zōzei Megane’]”, in Yahoo News, Diamond Online, archived from the original on 2023-11-02

Prime Minister Fumio Kishida is increasingly referred to with the nickname “Zōzei Megane” in news reports and social media. Since Kishida himself has not yet attempted to raise taxes, why is zōzei “tax hike” part of the nickname?

首相の諮問機関である政府税制調査会が6月の中期答申で、会社員の通勤費を課税対象候補の一つとして例示したのをきっかけに、ソーシャルメディアのインフルエンサーが首相を「増税眼鏡」などと揶揄した。この汚名をすすごうと、首相自身が減税実現を強くめざしているとの見方がある。
Shushō no shimon kikan dearu Seifu Zeisei Chōsakai ga rokugatsu no chūki tōshin de, kaishain no tsūkin hi o kazei taishō kōho no hitotsu to shite reiji shita no o kikkake ni, sōsharu media no infuruensā ga Shushō o “Zōzei Megane” nado to yayu shita. Kono omei o susugō to, Shushō jishin ga genzei jitsugen o tsuyoku mezashite-iru to no mikata ga aru.

2023 October 25, Obayashi Nao, “Nenshū no kabe, doronawa taiō no seiken ni kugi [Tax problem, late response another nail in the administration]”, in Nikkei Sokuhō

The Prime Minister’s advisory board, the Government Tax Commission, in June suggested taxing corporate employee’s commuting allowances as one way to raise funds, leading social media influencers to ridicule the Prime Minister as “Zōzei Megane”. It is believed that the Prime Minister himself is now trying to cut taxes in order to shed this nickname.

これらのメディアでは、「増税メガネ」に象徴されるような岸田首相への批判投稿が多く流通している。また、面白おかしく政治を皮肉るショート動画や、インフルエンサーによる政治批評を切り抜いた動画も閲覧数を稼いでいる。
Korera no media de wa, “Zōzei Megane” ni shōchō sareru yō na Kishida Shushō e no hihan tōkō ga ōku ryūtsū shiteiru. Mata, omoshiro okashiku seiji o hinikuru shōto dōga ya, infuruensā ni yoru seiji hihyō o kiri nuita dōga mo etsuran sū o kaseideiru.

2024 May 27, Tomoki Kaneko, “Seiji fushin o koeru [Distrust of government growing]”, in Nihon Keizai Shimbun, page 16

Typical of this media are the many posts calling Prime Minister Kishida “Zōzei Megane”. Likewise, humorous short videos satirizing the government as well as clips collecting influencers’ criticisms of the government rack up large view counts.

岸田首相 きしだしゅしょう

批判投稿 ひはんとうこう

政治批評 せいじひひょう

(informal, humorous, derogatory) Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister of Japan since 2021


ボブ

A transliteration of the English male given name diminutive Bob


オスマン語

オスマン語 (canonical)
osumango (romanization)

[o̞sɨmã̠ŋɡo̞]


眠子

ja-pos

眠(ね)子(こ) or 眠(ねむ)子(こ) • (Neko or Nemuko)

眠子 (canonical)
眠子 (canonical)
Neko (romanization)
Nemuko (romanization)


ドクターイエロー

ドクターイエロー • (Dokutā Ierō)

→ English: Doctor Yellow

Wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from doctor + yellow.

pseudo-loan

(rail transport, humorous) Doctor Yellow (the high-speed track testing train used on the Tokaido Shinkansen and San'yō Shinkansen)


愛理

鈴木愛理


愛莉

松井愛莉
Matsui Airi
Airi Matsui


愛梨

谷川愛梨
Tanigawa Airi
Airi Tanigawa


愛李

古川愛李
Furukawa Airi
Airi Furukawa


エスツェット

The name of the Latin-script letter ẞ/ß, called eszett in English.


フョードル

[ɸʲo̞ːdo̞ɾɯ̟]

Фёдор Фёдор#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Фёдор (Fjódor)


グェンドリン

[ɡᵝẽ̞ndo̞ɾʲĩɴ]

A transliteration of the English female given name Gwendoline or Gwendolyn


ウァレンティヌス

[β̞a̠ɾẽ̞ntʲinɯ̟sɨ]

A transliteration of the Latin male given name Valentinus


ヴャチェスラフ

[bʲa̠t͡ɕe̞sɨɾa̠ɸɯ̟]

Вячесла́в Вячеслав#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Вячесла́в (Vjačesláv)


モングォル語

モングォル語 (canonical)
Mongworu-go (romanization)

[mõ̞ŋᵝɡᵝo̞ɾɯ̟ɡo̞]

From モングォル (Mongworu) + 語(ご) (go, “language”).


クィントゥス

A transliteration of the Latin male given name Quīntus