長万部

長万部 (canonical)
Oshamanbe (romanization)

Oshamambe (a town in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


厚沢部

Assabu (a town in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


江差

Esashi (a town in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


大八洲

ja-pos

大(おお)八(や)洲(しま) • (Ōyashima) ^(←おほやしま (Ofoyasima)?)

大八洲 (canonical)
Ōyashima (romanization)
Ofoyasima (romanization)
おほやしま (hiragana historical)

Compound of 大 (ō, “great, big”) + 八 (ya, “eight>many”) + 島 (shima, “island”),
referring to the eight islands of Japan created by Izanagi and Izanami according to the Kojiki. However, 八 (ya) was also used in various ancient compounds to mean simply many, as opposed to specifically eight, so this term may be interpreted instead to mean originally "the many islands of Japan".
This compound most often uses the less-common spelling of 洲 for the shima (“island”) portion.
First cited to a text from 849.


道道

ja-noun

道(どう)道(どう) • (dōdō)

道 (“circuit; Hokkaido Prefecture”) + 道 (“road”)


マイン

1928, Watanabe Shirō, Ōbei no minato to koshiben no mita kuniguni [Ports of Europe and the Americas and countries viewed from a low salary worker], page 624:

60. Frankfurt am Main. City on the banks of the Main. There are two cities in Germany called “Frankfurt”.

第六十 フランクフルト、アム、マイン
 マイン河岸の都市 獨逸には「フランクフルト」と云ふ市が二つある。

dairokujū Furankufuruto, amu, Main
 Main kagan no toshi Doitsu ni wa “Furankufuruto” to ifu shi ga futatsu aru.


上ノ国

上ノ国 (canonical)
Kaminokuni (romanization)

Kaminokuni (a town in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


蛤蟆塘

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蛤蟆塘 (Hámatáng).

obor

1906, 大和田建樹, 天谷秀, 満韓鉄道唱歌
血戰著名の蛤蟆塘
kessen chomei no Kōmotō
infamous site of a bloodbath Hamat'ang

(historical) Hamatang (a town in Liaoning, China), site of a battle during the Russo-Japanese War


落石

a neighborhood of Monbetsu, Hokkaido prefecture

an area near the base of Nemuro Peninsula in Nemuro city, Hokkaido prefecture


落石

former name of Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky, a town in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia


東山道

(historical) a former district of Japan, extending from central through northeastern Honshu

東山

Tōsan, contemporary region encompassing part of the district


葱嶺

(historical) the Pamirs (a mountain range in Central Asia)


梁山

South Gyeongsang
South Gyeongsang#English

Yangsan (a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea, Asia)


梁山

Mount Liang (a mountain in Liangshan, Shandong, China, Asia)

Liangshan (a county of Jining, Shandong, China, Asia)


威海衛

ja-pos

威(い)海(かい)衛(えい) • (Ikaiei) ^(←ゐかいゑい (Wikaiwei)?)

威海衛 (canonical)
Ikaiei (romanization)
Wikaiwei (romanization)
ゐかいゑい (hiragana historical)

(historical) Weihaiwei (a concession in China)


信州

(historical) Shinano (a province of Japan)

信州そば

(by extension, poetic) Nagano (a prefecture of Japan)

(historical) Xinzhou (a historical state in China; modern Chongqing)


信濃国

信濃国 (canonical)
Shinano no Kuni (romanization)

(historical) Shinano Province, a historical prefecture of Japan in present-day Nagano prefecture


倭奴国

^わ の ^な の ^くに

倭奴国 (canonical)
Wa no Na no Kuni (romanization)

倭 (Wa) + の (no, genitive marker) + 奴国 (Na no Kuni)


奴国

ja-pos

奴(なの)国(くに) or 奴(な)国(こく) • (Na no Kuni or Nakoku)

奴国 (canonical)
奴国 (canonical)
Na no Kuni (romanization)
Nakoku (romanization)

奴 (Na, literally “slave”) + 国 (kuni, koku, “country”). See also 倭奴 (wado, wanu, “Japanese person/people”, literally “Wa slave(s)”).


狗奴国

ja-pos

狗(く)奴(ぬ)国(こく) or 狗(く)奴(な)国(こく) or 狗(く)奴(なの)国(くに) • (Kunukoku or Kunakoku or Kuna no Kuni)

狗奴国 (canonical)
狗奴国 (canonical)
狗奴国 (canonical)
Kunukoku (romanization)
Kunakoku (romanization)
Kuna no Kuni (romanization)

an ancient Japanese state that rivaled 邪馬台国 (Yamataikoku)


京女

京 (kyō, “capital; Kyoto”) + 女 (onna, “woman”)

af

東男に京女

the manliest men from Edo, the womanliest women from Kyoto

a woman from Kyoto where women are often thought of as more beautiful and graceful


京男

京 (kyō, “capital; Kyoto”) + 男 (otoko, “man”)

京男に伊勢女


東国

the eight eastern provinces that are now Kantō


府道

From 府(ふ) (fu, “Kyoto or Osaka Prefecture”) + 道(どう) (dō, “road”).

ja-compound

a prefectural road of either Kyoto or Osaka Prefecture


酒々井

Shisui (a town in Inba district, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, Asia)


すみだ

English: Sumida

墨田: Sumida (a special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


梁山泊

梁山泊 (canonical)
Ryōzanpaku (romanization)

a place near Mount Liang in Water Margin where all 108 heroes gather


道議会

北海道議会 w:ja:北海道議会

Clipping of 北海道議会 (Hokkaidō Gikai, “Hokkaido Prefectural Assembly”).


府議会

[ɸɯ̟ɡʲika̠i]

府 (“Osaka or Kyoto Prefecture”) + 議会 (“legislature”)

af

a prefectural assembly of either Osaka or Kyoto Prefecture


道会

北海道議会 w:ja:北海道議会


府会

Clipping of 府議会 (fugikai, “Osaka or Kyoto's prefectural assembly”).


小笠原群島

ja-pos

小(お)笠(がさ)原(わら)群(ぐん)島(とう) • (Ogasawara Guntō)

小笠原群島 (canonical)
Ogasawara Guntō (romanization)

the Bonin Islands (an archipelago in Japan)


一戸

A town in Ninohe district, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, Asia


二戸

A district of Iwate Prefecture, Japan, Asia


三戸

A district of Aomori Prefecture, Japan, Asia

A town in Sannohe district, Aomori Prefecture, Japan, Asia


七戸

七戸 (canonical)
Shichinohe (romanization)

A town in Kamikita district, Aomori Prefecture, Japan, Asia


呉越

Wu and Yue (two ancient rival Chinese states)


日英

日 (“Japan”) + 英 (“England; Britain”) or blend of 日本 (Nihon, Nippon, “Japan”) + 英国 (Eikoku, “England; Britain”)

blend

日英協会

日英修好通商条約

the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce

日英通商航海条約

the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation

日英同盟


可愛岳

A mountain in Nobeoka, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan


佃島

佃島 (canonical)
Tsukudajima (romanization)

a food said to originate from the island


馬尼剌

Obsolete spelling of マニラ (Manira, “Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)”).


鴻巣

Kōnosu (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


哈爾浜

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 哈爾濱 /哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn, “Harbin”).

obor

1957, 広島大学水畜産学部紀要 [Journal of the Faculty of Fisheries and Animal Husbandry, Hiroshima University], volumes 1-2, Fukuyama, Japan: Faculty of Fisheries and Animal Husbandry, Hiroshima University, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 182:

The central plains of Manchuria are […] divided into two parts, north and south, the northern plains being centered on a line between Harbin and Qiqihar.

満洲中央平原は[…]南北に二分せられ、北方平原は哈爾浜・斉々哈爾の線を中心とする平原であるが

Manshū chūō heigen wa […] nanboku ni ni-bu serare, hoppō heigen wa Harubin Chichiharu no sen o chūshin to suru heigen dearuga

Alternative spelling of ハルビン (“Harbin (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, in northeastern China)”)


首里

首里 (canonical)
Shuri (romanization)
Syuri (romanization)
しゆり (hiragana historical)

Shuri (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)

(historical) Shuri (the capital of the Ryūkyū Kingdom)


父島

父島 (canonical)
Chichijima (romanization)

父 (“father”) + 島 (“island”), because it's the biggest island in the archipelago


母島

母 (“mother”) + 島 (“island”), because it's the second biggest island in the archipelago


小笠原諸島

ja-pos

小(お)笠(がさ)原(わら)諸(しょ)島(とう) • (Ogasawara Shotō)

小笠原諸島 (canonical)
Ogasawara Shotō (romanization)


ちばらき

2014, Yano Shinichi, Ibaraki kenmin o ayatsuru [Mastering people of Ibaraki prefecture], page 9:

In Ibaraki prefecture, when you are speaking of coffee you must mean Max Coffee. It is only available in Ibaraki and Chiba, and some parts of Tochigi, so it is sometimes also called “Chibaraki coffee”.

茨城でコーヒーと言えばMAXと言われるぐらい […] 茨城と千葉、それに栃木の一部しか販売されておらず、別名「ちばらきコーヒー」とも呼ばれています。

Ibaraki de kōhī to ieba makkusu to iwareru gurai […] Ibaraki to Chiba, sore ni Tochigi no ichibu shika hanbai sarete orazu, betsumei “Chibaraki kōhī” to mo yobareteimasu.

2017, Ningen kankei ga yoku naru shusshin kenbetsu seikaku aishō [Improve personal relationships: character and chemistry based on home prefecture], page 12:

Chiba prefecture — Even “Chibaraki” is better than “Dasaitama”!?

千葉県—「ちばらき」でも、「ダサイたま」よりは全然マシ！？

Chiba-ken — “Chibaraki” de mo, “Dasaitama” yori wa zenzen mashi!?

2019 February 27, “Eiga ‘tonde Saitama’: ‘Bakushō, naite,…’, chiiki sa e no kando kyōdo ai hakaru ichijo ni [Movie ‘Flight to Saitama’: ‘Laughter, tears,...’ a measure of regional loyalty and love of hometown]”, in Nippon.com:

With fashionable towns (Yokohama, Kamakura) and the Shonan area, Kanagawa is “special”, but from the point of view of Tokyo there is no differentiating among “Guntama-Chibaraki” (Gunma and Saitama, Chiba and Ibaraki), Kanto’s other four prefectures are all one lump.

おしゃれな街（横浜、鎌倉）や湘南エリアを擁し一目置かれる神奈川は「別格」として、東京から「グンタマ-チバラキ」（群馬・埼玉–千葉・茨城）と一くくりにされる他の関東4県に異論のあるはずもない。

Oshare na machi (Yokohama, Kamakura) ya Shōnan eria o yō shi ichimoku okareru Kanagawa wa “bekkaku” to shite, Tōkyō kara “Guntama-Chibaraki” (Gunma Saitama – Chiba Ibaraki) to ichi kukuri ni sareru hoka no Kantō yon-ken ni iron no aru hazu mo nai.

2019 June 2, “‘Bura Tamori Chibaraki hen’ zen rūto o shashin de shōkai! [Introducing with photos all the routes taken in ‘Wandering Tamori Chibaraki episode’!]”, in Travel Jarna, archived from the original on 2020-05-13:

The TV program Wandering Tamori is visiting the Chibaraki area, where Chiba and Ibaraki prefectures meet at the Tone river. It is an area with strong ties. Chibaraki is not just a one-off nickname; it is used by local people, and even recorded in Ibaraki prefecture’s history.

ブラタモリは、千葉県と茨城県が利根川で県境を接する、ちばらきのエリアを訪ねています。相互に結びつきが強い地域です。ちばらきは、決して単なる俗称ではなく、地元でよく使われ、茨城県史にも掲載された名称です。

Bura Tamori wa, Chiba-ken to Ibaraki-ken ga Tone-gawa de kenkyō o sessuru, Chibaraki no eria o tazuneteimasu. Sōgo ni musubitsuki ga tsuyoi chiiki desu. Chibaraki wa, kesshite tan naru zokushō de wa naku, jimoto de yoku tsukaware, Ibaraki-ken shi ni mo keisai sareta meishō desu.

(informal, often humorous, sometimes derogatory) the area encompassing Chiba and Ibaraki prefectures

ダさいたま

Dasaitama, derogatory nickname for Saitama


オホーツク海

オホーツク海 (canonical)
Ohōtsuku-Kai (romanization)

オホーツク (Ohōtsuku, “Okhotsk”) + 海 (kai, “sea”).


マルティニーク

[ma̠ɾɯ̟tʲiɲ̟iːkɯ̟]

administrative region
administrative region

Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)


仏国

(Buddhism) the abode/realm of buddhas; the Buddhist paradise/realm


アメリカ領サモア

ja-pos

^アメリカ-りょう ^サモア

アメリカ領サモア (canonical)
Amerika-ryō Samoa (romanization)

American Samoa (an overseas territory of the United States in Oceania)


米領サモア

^べい-りょう ^サモア

米領サモア (canonical)
Bei-ryō Samoa (romanization)


セントビンセント及びグレナディーン諸島

^セント ^ビンセント および ^グレナディーン ^しょとう

セントビンセント及(およ)びグレナディーン諸(しょ)島(とう) • (Sento Binsento oyobi Gurenadīn Shotō)

セントビンセント及びグレナディーン諸島 (canonical)
Sento Binsento oyobi Gurenadīn Shotō (romanization)

[sẽ̞nto̞ bʲĩɰ̃sẽ̞nto̞ o̞jo̞bʲi ɡɯ̟ɾe̞na̠dʲiːɰ̃ ɕo̞to̞ː]

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

(formal name) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)

ja:セントビンセント及びグレナディーン諸島


ヌルスルタン

[nɯ̟ɾɯ̟sɨɾɯ̟tã̠ɴ]

Nur-Sultan (former name of Astana, the capital city of Kazakhstan).


笠置

Kasagi (a town in Sōraku district, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


永安

永安 (canonical)
Eian (romanization)
えいあん (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 永安 (Yǒng'ān).

obor

Yong'an (a county-level city in Sanming, Fujian, China)


永安

Alternative form of 永安 (“Yong'an (a county-level city in Sanming, Fujian, China)”)


留辺蘂

留辺蘂 (canonical)
Rubeshibe (romanization)

Rubeshibe (a former town in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


留寿都

From Ainu ル スト゚ (ru sutu), meaning "road at the foot of the mountain".

Rusutsu (a village in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


アリナレがわ

ja-pos

アリナレがわ or ありなれがわ • (Arinare-gawa) ^(←アリナレがは (Arinare-gafa)?)

アリナレがわ (canonical)
ありなれがわ (canonical)
Arinare-gawa (romanization)
Arinare-gafa (romanization)
アリナレがは (historical katakana)

[a̠ɾʲina̠ɾe̞ɡa̠β̞a̠]

From an Old Korean element + 河 (kawa, “river”). The kawa changes to gawa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
ナレ (nare) is Old Korean 川理 (*NAli / *NAri, “river”).

An ancient river mentioned in the Nihon Shoki, perhaps Yalu River (鴨緑江 (Ōryoku-kō)), and treated as such during the Empire of Japan's rule over both Manchuria and Korea


粤東

粤東 (canonical)
Ettō (romanization)
Wetutou (romanization)
ゑつとう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 粵東 (MC hjwot tuwng).

『粤東俗字便蒙解』

俗字便蒙解 ぞくじべんもうかい

Handbook of Canton Vernacular Characters (Meiji-era rudimentary guidebook of vernacular Cantonese phrases)

(literary, obsolete) eastern Guangdong (a region of Guangdong, China); or Guangdong (a province of China)


墺国

オーストリア オーストリア#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of オーストリア (Ōsutoria, “Austria (a country)”).


赤穂

A town in Kamiina district, Nagano Prefecture, Japan


赤穂

赤穂 (canonical)
Akō (romanization)
Akafo (romanization)
あかほ (hiragana historical)

赤穂浪士

A town in Akō district, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan


新木場

[ɕĩŋʲkʲiba̠]

Shin-Kiba (an area in Kōtō ward, Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


浦賀

Uraga (a region of Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan), known for being a landing spot of the Westerners' kurofune


五島列島

五(ご)島(とう)列(れっ)島(とう) • (Gotō Rettō) ^(←ごたうれったう (Gotau Rettau)?)

五島列島 (canonical)
Gotō Rettō (romanization)
Gotau Rettau (romanization)
ごたうれったう (hiragana historical)

Gotō Islands (an archipelago in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


上五島

A town in Minamimatsuura district, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan


足柄

A mountain in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

A pass in Kanagawa Prefecture, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan

(historical) A village in Ashigarashimo district, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

(historical) A town in Ashigarashimo district, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

A metro station in Odawara, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan


足柄上

足柄上 (canonical)
Ashigarakami (romanization)

A district of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan


足柄下

足柄下 (canonical)
Ashigarashimo (romanization)


西表

From Okinawan 西表 (Iriumuti, literally “West Front”).

bor

西表島

Iriomote (an island in Yaeyama, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


羅南

羅南 (canonical)
Ranan (romanization)
羅南 (canonical)
Ranamu (romanization)
羅南 (canonical)
Nanamu (romanization)

Ranam (a district of Chongjin, North Hamgyong Province, North Korea)


豊見城

豊見城 (canonical)
Tomigusuku (romanization)

Tomigusuku (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


マラヤ

(historical) Malaya (a former country; modern Malaysia)


峡湾

ja-noun

峡(きょう)湾(わん) • (kyōwan) ^(←けふわん (kefwan)?)

峡湾 (canonical)
kyōwan (romanization)
kefwan (romanization)
けふわん (hiragana historical)

[kʲo̞ːβ̞ã̠ɴ]


岩見沢

岩見沢 (canonical)
Iwamizawa (romanization)

Iwamizawa (a city in Sorachi, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


芦別

Borrowed from Ainu アㇱペッ (“aspet”), made of Ainu アㇱ (as, “shrub”) + Ainu ペッ (pet, “river”).

Ashibetsu (a city in Sorachi, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


南幌

南 (“south”) + Ainu ポロ (“big”). See also 札幌 (Sapporo).

Nanporo (a town in Sorachi district, Sorachi, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


奈井江

Most likely from Ainu ナイ (nay) ("a river")

Naie (a town in Sorachi district, Sorachi, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


由仁

Yuni (a town in Yūbari district, Sorachi, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


樺戸

Ainu カパト (kapato, “East Asian yellow water-lily”)

bor

Kabato (a district of Sorachi, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


浦臼

According to one theory, from Ainu ウライ ウㇱ ナイ (uray us nay), meaning "river of many fish traps".

Urausu (a town in Kabato district, Sorachi, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


米世幹

Obsolete spelling of ミシガン (Mishigan, “Michigan (a state of the United States)”).


徳過瑟斯

徳過瑟斯 (canonical)
Tekisasu (romanization)

Obsolete spelling of テキサス (Tekisasu, “Texas (a state of the United States)”).


墨志哥

墨志哥 (canonical)
Mekishiko (romanization)

Obsolete spelling of メキシコ (Mekishiko, “Mexico (a country)”).


典捏西

Obsolete spelling of テネシー (Teneshī, “Tennessee (a state of the United States)”).


剛色斯

Obsolete spelling of カンザス (Kanzasu, “Kansas (a state of the United States)”).


ブ市

ブ市の花卉園芸と商業智識

1927, 高市紫明, “ブ市の花卉園藝と商業智識”, in 在亜農業研究会, editor, 亜国之農業, page 100:

さらに昨年、米国人俳優のブ市近郊にある自宅に、日本庭園の設計をするなど活動はつづいている。

2010 January 22, “「樹木の救世主」猪又さん＝日本の伝統技術を亜国へ”, in ニッケイ新聞:

ブエノスアイレス ブエノスアイレス#Japanese

(dated) Short for ブエノスアイレス市 (Buenosu Airesu-shi, “Buenos Aires (a city in Argentina)”).


亜国

https://www.mitsubishicorp.com/jp/ja/network/latin_america/argentina.html
亜国三菱商事会社
Akoku Mitsubishi Shōji Kaisha
Mitsubishi Argentina S.A.C.y R.

三菱商事会社 みつびししょうじかいしゃ

アルゼンチン アルゼンチン#Japanese

(dated) Synonym of アルゼンチン (Aruzenchin, “Argentina (a country)”)


亜国

亜国 (canonical)
Aruzenchin (romanization)

[a̠ɾɯ̟zẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕĩɴ]

アルゼンチン アルゼンチン#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of アルゼンチン (Aruzenchin, “Argentina (a country)”).


ブ州

ブ州にあるセンテージャ牧場

ブエノスアイレス ブエノスアイレス#Japanese

(dated) Short for ブエノスアイレス州 (Buenosu Airesu-shū, “Buenos Aires (a province of Argentina)”).


ツクマン

[t͡sɨkɯ̟mã̠ɴ]

トゥクマン トゥクマン#Japanese

Alternative form of トゥクマン (Tukuman, “Tucumán (a province of Argentina)”)


トゥクマン

[tɯ̟kɯ̟mã̠ɴ]


アギラレス

[a̠ɡʲiɾa̠ɾe̞sɨ]

Aguilares (a city in Tucumán, Argentina)

Aguilares (a city in the San Salvador department, El Salvador)


墨其哥

墨其哥 (canonical)
Mekishiko (romanization)


加里福尼亜

加里福尼亜 (canonical)
Kariforunia (romanization)

[ka̠ɾʲiɸo̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠]

カリフォルニア カリフォルニア#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of カリフォルニア (Kariforunia, “California (a state of the United States)”).


メキシコ湾

メキシコ湾 (canonical)
Mekishiko-wan (romanization)

[me̞kʲiɕiko̞β̞ã̠ɴ]

Gulf of Mexico (a gulf of North America)


カリフォルニア湾

カリフォルニア湾 (canonical)
Kariforunia-wan (romanization)

[ka̠ɾʲiɸo̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠β̞ã̠ɴ]

Gulf of California
Gulf of California#English

Gulf of California (a gulf of North America)


ガテマラ

グアテマラ グアテマラ#Japanese

Alternative form of グアテマラ (Guatemala, “Guatemala (a country)”)


ドランゴ

[do̞ɾã̠ŋɡo̞]

ドゥランゴ ドゥランゴ#Japanese

Alternative form of ドゥランゴ (Durango, “Durango (a state of Mexico)”)


ドゥランゴ

[dɯ̟ɾã̠ŋɡo̞]


ポエブラ

(rare) Alternative form of プエブラ (Puebura, “Puebla (a state of Mexico)”)


プエブラ

[pɯ̟e̞bɯ̟ɾa̠]


アグアスカリエンテス

[a̠ɡɯ̟a̠sɨka̠ɾʲiẽ̞nte̞sɨ]


アグワスカリエンテス

[a̠ɡɯ̟β̞a̠sɨka̠ɾʲiẽ̞nte̞sɨ]

アグアスカリエンテス アグアスカリエンテス#Japanese

(rare) Alternative form of アグアスカリエンテス (Aguasukarientesu, “Aguascalientes (a state of Mexico)”)


オハカ

Alternative form of オアハカ (Oahaka, “Oaxaca (a state of Mexico)”)


チヤパス

Alternative form of チアパス (Chiapasu, “Chiapas (a state of Mexico)”)


ベルビュー

[be̞ɾɯ̟bʲɨː]

Bellevue (a city in Washington, United States)


エリオット湾

エリオット湾 (canonical)
Eriotto-wan (romanization)

[e̞ɾʲio̞t̚to̞β̞ã̠ɴ]

Elliott Bay (a bay of Washington, United States)


奥殿

Obsolete spelling of オグデン (Oguden, “Ogden (a city in Utah, United States)”).


ソートレーキ市

ソートレーキ市 (canonical)
Sōto Rēki-shi (romanization)

(obsolete) Salt Lake City (a city, the state capital of Utah, United States)


ソートレーキ

ja-pos

ソートレーキ • (Sōto Rēki)

(obsolete, only in compounds, attributive) Salt Lake: Salt Lake City (a city in Utah, United States)


サンオン

1930 June 2, “水探し 農業家への大福音”, in 日米 (Nichibei) [The Japanese American News], number 10989, page 4:

加州サンオン

1939 January 1, 新世界朝日新聞 [New World Sun], number 1264, page 35:

サンオン 和田 仁市

San Juan Bautista
San Juan Bautista#English

(obsolete) San Juan Bautista (a city in California, United States)


山中部

[sã̠ɲ̟t͡ɕɨːbɯ̟]

Intermountain Region
Intermountain Region#English

(obsolete) Intermountain Region (a region of the United States)


格州

格(かく)州(しゅう) • (Kakushū) ^(←かくしう (Kakusiu)?)

格州 (canonical)
Kakushū (romanization)
Kakusiu (romanization)
かくしう (hiragana historical)

格州時事

(obsolete) Colorado (a state of the United States)


伝馬

伝馬(デンバー) • (Denbā)

傳馬新報

Obsolete spelling of デンバー (Denbā, “Denver (a city in Colorado, United States)”).


南加

Southern California
w:Southern California

Southern California (a region of California, United States)


北加

Northern California
w:Northern California

Northern California (a region of California, United States)


羅港

羅港 (canonical)
Rakō (romanization)
Rakau (romanization)
らかう (hiragana historical)

Port of Los Angeles
w:Port of Los Angeles

(obsolete) Port of Los Angeles (a port in Los Angeles, California, United States)


フレスノ

[ɸɯ̟ɾe̞sɨno̞]

(dated) Fresno (a city in Fresno, California, United States)

(dated) Fresno (a county of California, United States)


オクスナード

(dated) Oxnard (a city in California, United States)


沙港

1932 July 15, “加納氏の來羅を機とし 南加同胞の柔道大會”, in 日米 (Nichibei) [The Japanese American News], number 11729, page 5:

七月廿四日沙港着直に飛行機に乘つて

shichigatsu nijūyokka Sakō-chaku tadachi ni hikōki ni notte

(obsolete) Seattle (a city in Washington, United States)


沙港

沙港(シヤトル) or 沙港(シアトル) • (Shiyatoru or Shiatoru)

沙港 (canonical)
沙港 (canonical)
Shiyatoru (romanization)
Shiatoru (romanization)

Obsolete spelling of シヤトル (Shiyatoru). or シアトル (Shiatoru, “Seattle (a city in Washington, United States)”)


アストリヤ

(obsolete) Astoria (a city in Oregon, United States)


沙都

沙都(シヤトル) or 沙都(シアトル) • (Shiyatoru or Shiatoru)

沙都 (canonical)
沙都 (canonical)
Shiyatoru (romanization)
Shiatoru (romanization)

1902, “第2章 海外移民の状況”, in 海外出稼案内:

桑港及び沙都の両地

San Furanshisuko oyobi Shiatoru no ryōchi

在沙都日本人

1910 February 15, “初對面錄”, in 日布時事 [The Nippu Jiji], page 1:

仝じく沙都の領事の田中都吉君

onajiku Shiyatoru no ryōji no Tanaka Tokichi-kun


晩市

晩市にありて

バンクーバー バンクーバー#Japanese

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

(obsolete) Short for バンクーバー市 (Bankūbā-shi, “Vancouver (a city in British Columbia, Canada)”).


砵市

砵 (orthographic borrowing from Cantonese 砵崙／砵仑 (but3 leon4)) + 市 (“city”).

compound

砵市コーチ街三〇四

砵市第四街七十四番半

1920 May 27, 央州日報 [The Oregon News], page 2:

ポートランド ポートランド#Japanese

(obsolete) Short for ポートランド市 (Pōtorando-shi, “Portland (a city in Oregon, United States)”).


ベ市

ベーカスフィルド ベーカスフィルド#Japanese

(obsolete) Short for ベーカスフィルド市 (Bēkasufirudo-shi, “Bakersfield (a city in California, United States)”).

ベーカスフィルド市

ベルビュー ベルビュー#Japanese

(obsolete) Short for ベルビュー市 (Berubyū-shi, “Bellevue (a city in Washington, United States)”).


布市

(obsolete) Short for フレスノ市 (“Fresno (a city in California, United States)”).


八道

ja-pos

八(はち)道(どう) • (Hachidō) ^(←はちだう (Fatidau)?)

八道 (canonical)
Hachidō (romanization)
Fatidau (romanization)
はちだう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 팔도(八道) (Paldo).

obor

Meronyms: 江原道, 京畿道, 慶尚道, 全羅道, 忠清道, 平安道, 咸鏡道, 黃海道

鶏林八道

the (historical) Eight Provinces of Korea


中加

Central California (a region of California, United States)


河下

(obsolete) Walnut Grove (a city in California, United States)

en:Walnut Grove Japanese-American Historic District


羅典亜米利加

羅典亜米利加 (canonical)
Raten Amerika (romanization)

1935, 伯国著名政治家略伝:

第一回羅典亜米利加精神病医学会議

羅典亜米利加 らてんあめりか

daīkkai raten'amerika seishinbyō igaku kaigi

First Conference of Latin American Psychiatrists

ラテンアメリカ ラテンアメリカ#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of ラテンアメリカ (Raten Amerika, “Latin America (region in the Americas)”).


南央

南央 (canonical)
Nan'ō (romanization)
Nan'au (romanization)
なんあう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) southern Oregon (a region of Oregon, United States)


サクラメント平原

サクラメント平原 (canonical)
Sakuramento Heigen (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ he̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]

Sacramento Valley
Sacramento Valley#English

(dated) Sacramento Valley (a valley in California, United States)


桜面都平原

ja-pos

桜面都平原(サクラメントへいげん) • (Sakuramento Heigen)

桜面都平原 (canonical)
Sakuramento Heigen (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ he̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]

サクラメント平原 サクラメント平原#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of サクラメント平原 (“Sacramento Valley (a valley in California, United States)”).


サクラメント川

サクラメント川 (canonical)
Sakuramento-gawa (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ɡa̠β̞a̠]

Sacramento River
Sacramento River#English

Sacramento River (a river in California, United States)


桜面都川

桜面都川 (canonical)
Sakuramento-gawa (romanization)

[sa̠kɯ̟ɾa̠mẽ̞nto̞ɡa̠β̞a̠]

サクラメント川 サクラメント川#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of サクラメント川 (“Sacramento River (a river in California, United States)”).


須市

スタクトン スタクトン#Japanese

(obsolete) Short for スタクトン市 (“Stockton (a city in California, United States)”).


スタクトン

[sɨta̠kɯ̟tõ̞ɴ]

(dated) Stockton (a city in California, United States)


ストックトン

[sɨto̞k̚kɯ̟tõ̞ɴ]


ビーシー州

ビーシー州(しゅう) • (Bī-shī-shū)

ビーシー州 (canonical)
Bī-shī-shū (romanization)

[bʲiːɕiːɕɨː]

(dated) BC, British Columbia (a province of Canada)


比律賓諸島

比律賓諸島(フィリピンしょとう) • (Firipin Shotō)

比律賓諸島 (canonical)
Firipin Shotō (romanization)

[ɸʲiɾʲipʲiɰ̃ ɕo̞to̞ː]

フィリピン諸島 フィリピン諸島#Japanese

Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands#English

Obsolete spelling of フィリピン諸島 (Firipin Shotō, “Philippine Islands (islands of the Philippines)”).


比島

比島 (canonical)
Hitō (romanization)
Fitau (romanization)
ひたう (hiragana historical)

フィリピン諸島 フィリピン諸島#Japanese

(obsolete) Short for フィリピン諸島 (Firipin Shotō, “Philippine Islands (islands of the Philippines)”).


フィリピン諸島

フィリピン諸島 (canonical)
Firipin Shotō (romanization)

[ɸʲiɾʲipʲiɰ̃ ɕo̞to̞ː]

Philippine Islands (islands of the Philippines)


佐市

(obsolete) Short for サンノゼ市 (“San Jose (a city in California, United States)”).


アラメダ

Alameda (a city in Alameda, California, United States)

Alameda (a county of California, United States)


満座那

Obsolete spelling of マンザナ (“Manzanar (an internment camp in California, United States)”).


鶴嶺湖

鶴嶺湖(ツールレーキ) • (Tsūru Rēki)

鶴嶺湖 (canonical)
Tsūru Rēki (romanization)

[t͡sɨːɾɯ̟ɾe̞ːkʲi]

ツールレーキ ツールレーキ#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of ツールレーキ (“Tule Lake (an internment camp in California, United States)”).


鶴湖

鶴湖(ツールレーキ) • (Tsūru Rēki)

鶴湖 (canonical)
Tsūru Rēki (romanization)

[t͡sɨːɾɯ̟ ɾe̞ːkʲi]

ツールレーキ ツールレーキ#Japanese


墨都

墨都 (canonical)
Bokuto (romanization)
ぼくと (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


舎路

舎路(シヤトル) or 舎路(シアトル) • (Shiyatoru or Shiatoru)

舎路 (canonical)
舎路 (canonical)
Shiyatoru (romanization)
Shiatoru (romanization)

Orthographic borrowing from Cantonese 舍路 (se3 lou6).

(exceedingly rare) Obsolete spelling of シヤトル (Shiyatoru). or シアトル (Shiatoru, “Seattle (a city in Washington, United States)”)


オーバン

オーバン • (Ōban)

(obsolete) Auburn (a city in Washington, United States)


ケント

Kent (a city in Washington, United States)


ヤキマ

Yakima (a city in Washington, United States)


サムナー

Sumner (a city in Washington, United States)


アルカイ

1935 January 31, レニヤ吟社 [Rainier Haiku Society], 大北日報 [The Great Northern Daily News], page 2:

アルカイの燈臺の灯や屋根の雪

Alki (an area in Washington, United States)


レニヤ山

レニヤ山 (canonical)
Reniya-san (romanization)

[ɾe̞ɲ̟ija̠sã̠ɴ]

1925, Yoshida Hiroshi 吉田博, Reniya-san レニヤ山 https://www.yamada-shoten.com/onlinestore/detail.php?item_id=45435 https://www.facebook.com/moamuseum/photos/2312466432189377/

1972, Yoshida Tōshi 吉田遠志, Fuyu no Reniya-san 冬のレニヤ山 http://portlandartmuseum.us/mwebcgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=56750;type=101

(dated) Mount Rainier (a mountain in Washington, United States)


メドフォード

Medford (a city in Oregon, United States)


パナマ運河

[pa̠na̠ma̠ ɯ̟̃ŋɡa̠]


スエズ運河

スエズ運河 (canonical)
Suezu Unga (romanization)

[sɨe̞zɨ ɯ̟̃ŋɡa̠]


愛州

愛州 (canonical)
Aishū (romanization)
Aisiu (romanization)
あいしう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Idaho (a state of the United States)


散港

散港 (canonical)
Sankō (romanization)
Sankau (romanization)
さんかう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) San Pedro (a community of Los Angeles, California, United States)


画村

画村 (canonical)
Gason (romanization)
Gwason (romanization)
ぐわそん (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Guadalupe (a city in California, United States)


ガダループ

[ɡa̠da̠ɾɯ̟ːpɯ̟]

(dated) Guadalupe (a city in California, United States)


グアダルーペ

[ɡɯ̟a̠da̠ɾɯ̟ːpe̞]


桑湾

桑湾 (canonical)
Sōwan (romanization)
Sauwan (romanization)
さうわん (hiragana historical)

San Francisco Bay
San Francisco Bay#English

(obsolete) San Francisco Bay (a bay of San Francisco, California, United States)


サンデーゴ

(dated) San Diego (a city in California, United States)


讃港

讃港 (canonical)
Sankō (romanization)
Sankau (romanization)
さんかう (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) San Diego (a city in California, United States)


サンピードロ

(dated) San Pedro (a community of Los Angeles, California, United States)


巴市

巴市 (canonical)
Ha-shi (romanization)
Fasi (romanization)
はし (hiragana historical)

(obsolete) Short for パサデナ市 (Pasadena-shi, “Pasadena (a city in California, United States)”).


スメルザ

(obsolete) Smeltzer (an area in Orange County, California, United States)


サンタアナ

Santa Ana (a city in Orange County, California, United States)


サリナス

Salinas (a city in California, United States)


プラサ

(obsolete) Placer County (a county of California, United States)


ペンリン

census-designated place
census-designated place

Penryn (a census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States)


サンフランシスコ湾

^サン ^フランシスコ-わん

サンフランシスコ湾 (canonical)
San Furanshisuko-wan (romanization)

[sa̠ɰ̃ ɸɯ̟ɾã̠ɰ̃ɕisɨko̞β̞ã̠ɴ]


金門湾

金(きん)門(もん)湾(わん) • (Kinmonwan) ^(←きんもんわん (Kinmon'wan)?)

金門湾 (canonical)
Kinmonwan (romanization)
Kinmon'wan (romanization)
きんもんわん (hiragana historical)

[kʲĩmːõ̞ɰ̃β̞ã̠ɴ]

"Golden Gate Bay", in reference to the Golden Gate Bridge.

1936 July 7, 新世界朝日新聞 [New World Sun], page 8:

Independence Day holiday is gone. Soon, we shall see the Japanese Naval training ships in the San Francisco bay.

獨立祭もすみました。すぐ練習艦隊が桑港の金門灣内へはいつて參ります。

練習艦隊 れんしふかんたい

Dokuritsusai mo sumimashita. Sugu renshū kantai ga Sōkō no Kinmonwan-nai e haitte mairimasu.


ギルロイ

[ɡʲiɾɯ̟ɾo̞i]

Gilroy (a city in California, United States)


六郷

六(ろく)郷(ごう) • (Rokugō) ^(←ろくがう (Rokugau)?)

六郷 (canonical)
Rokugō (romanization)
Rokugau (romanization)
ろくがう (hiragana historical)

(historical) Rokugō (a town in Senboku district, Akita Prefecture)

(historical) Rokugō (a town in Nishiyatsushiro district, Yamanashi Prefecture)

(historical) Rokugō (a town in Ebara district, Tokyo prefecture)


原州

[β̞õ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨ]


原州

原(げん)州(しゅう) • (Genshū) ^(←げんしう (Gensiu)?)

原州 (canonical)
Genshū (romanization)
Gensiu (romanization)
げんしう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 원주(原州) (wonju).


飛鳥浄御原宮

ja-pos

^あすか の ^きよみはら の ^みや

飛鳥(あすかの)浄(きよ)御(み)原(はらの)宮(みや) • (Asuka no Kiyomihara no Miya)

飛鳥浄御原宮 (canonical)
Asuka no Kiyomihara no Miya (romanization)

(history) the late-7th-century palace of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jitō, now in Asuka, Nara


バッキンガムシャー

South East England
South East England#English

Buckinghamshire (a county of South East England, England, United Kingdom)

ja:バッキンガムシャー


マメイチ

Shortened from 小豆島(しょうどしま)一周(いっしゅう) (shōdoshima isshū).

ja-r

しょうどしま% いっしゅう

(cycling, informal) a full cycle around Shōdo Island (小豆島)


土場

石山 […] 埼玉県吉川市土場(ドジョウ) 158番2号

Ishiyama […] Saitama-ken Yoshikawa-shi Dojō (Dojō) ichigohachi-ban ni-gō

Ishiyama, Saitama prefecture, Yoshikawa city, Dojō #158-2

2017, “Otona mo tanoshī kōjō kengaku [Workshop tours that adults can also enjoy]”, in Hanako Family, page 34:

a district of Yoshikawa city, Saitama Prefecture


上州

ja-pos

上(じょう)州(しゅう) • (Jōshū)

(historical) Kōzuke (a province of Japan)

(by extension, poetic) Gunma (a prefecture of Japan)


中信

central Nagano (a region of Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


北信

northern Nagano (a region of Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


東信

eastern Nagano (a region of Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


南信

southern Nagano (a region of Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


南九州

南九州 (canonical)
Minami Kyūshū (romanization)

ja:南九州 ja:南九州市

[mʲina̠mʲi kʲɨːɕɨː]

Minami Kyūshū (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, Japan)


グンタマ

グンタマ (canonical)
ぐんたま (canonical)
Guntama (romanization)

2013, Kato Miaki, Teddy go! Are you Teddy?, volume 2, page iii:

その上ここは埼玉。「ダさいたま」「ぐんたまちばらき」等々の蔑称もある首都圏・一都三県のいじめられ子。

Sono ue koko wa Saitama. “Dasaitama” “Guntama-Chibaraki” tōtō no besshō mo aru shutoken itto-sanken no ijimerare ko.

Furthermore, this is Saitama. The bullied child of the Tokyo metro region is given such derogatory nicknames as “Dasaitama” or “Guntama-Chibaraki”.

2015 March 17, Hatsuki Izayoi [username], “Ima demo Chibaraki toka Guntama toka iu hito wa irun deshō ka [Are there still people who say things like ‘Chibaraki’ and ‘Guntama’?]”, in Yahoo! Chiebukuro, archived from the original on 2021-10-31:

“Chiba has Disneyland and Narita airport, so Chiba is urban. But Saitama is just like Gunma,” so Saitama is called “Guntama”.

「千葉にはディズニーランドも成田空港もあるから千葉の方が都会。埼玉なんて群馬と同じようなもの」という意味で埼玉のことを「グンタマ」と言います。

“Chiba ni wa Dizunīrando mo Narita kūkō mo aru kara Chiba no hō ga tokai. Saitama nante Gunma to onaji yō na mono” to iu imi de Saitama no koto o “Guntama” to iimasu.

おしゃれな街（横浜、鎌倉）や湘南エリアを擁し一目置かれる神奈川は「別格」として、東京から「グンタマ－チバラキ」（群馬・埼玉－千葉・茨城）と一くくりにされる他の関東4県に異論のあるはずもない。

Oshare na machi (Yokohama, Kamakura) ya Shōnan eria o yō shi ichimoku okareru Kanagawa wa “bekkaku” to shite, Tōkyō kara “Guntama－Chibaraki” (Gunma Saitama － Chiba Ibaraki) to ichi kukuri ni sareru hoka no Kantō yon-ken ni iron no aru hazu mo nai.

(informal, derogatory, sometimes humorous) the area encompassing Gunma and Saitama prefectures


一都三県

一都三県 (canonical)
Itto sanken (romanization)

[it̚to̞sã̠ŋkẽ̞ɴ]

Of 一(いち) (ichi) + 都(と) (to) + 三(さん) (san) + 県(けん) (ken), literally “one to [and] three ken”, in reference to Tokyo (東京都(とうきょうと) (Tōkyō to)), Kanagawa, Chiba, and Saitama (県(けん) (ken)) prefectures.

ja-r

東京都(とうきょうと) (Tōkyō to)

1977, Asahi Shimbun, Keizai taikoku no jirenma [Dilemma of economic super powers], volume 3, page 6:

According to Tokyo, Chiba, Saitama, and Kanagawa metropolitan officials, “Subsidence from the mouth of the Arakawa river to northern Kanto is the result of accumulated groundwater seepage over hundreds of years”

東京・千葉・埼玉・神奈川の一都三県が「地盤沈下は荒川河口から北関東にかけ、数百年間にたまった地下水くみ上げ […] 」

Tōkyō Chiba Saitama Kanagawa no Itto sanken ga “jibanchinka wa Arakawa kakō kara kita Kantō ni kake, sūhyaku nenkan ni tamatta chikasui kumi age […] ”

2018 April 17, Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, “Itto sanken ichi-shi ni okeru jisedai jidōsha sangyō bunya no renkei shien keikaku [Concerning support for coordinating an Itto sanken single market next generation automobile industry program]”, in Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (PDF), archived from the original on 2021-11-02:

1. Business field to be supported: Metropolitan area single market next-generation automobile industry

①支援対象とする事業分野：1都3県1市における次世代自動車産業分野

Ichi Shien taishō to suru jigyō bun'ya: Itto sanken isshi ni okeru jisedai jidōsha sangyō bun'ya

2020 May 1, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, “Inochi no mamoru STAY HOME shūkan [Stay Home week to save lives]”, in Kanagawa Prefecture, archived from the original on 2021-10-21:

Good afternoon. With the entire metropolitan region under a sense of crisis, April 25 to May 6 is being jointly declared the “Stay Home to Protect Lives week” campaign.

こんにちは。一都三県は同じ危機意識の下、4月25日から5月6日まで、「いのちを守るSTAY HOME週間」として、共同キャンペーンを行っています。

Konnichi wa. Itto sanken wa onaji kiki ishiki no shita, shigatsu nijūgonichi kara gogatsu muika made, “inochi o mamoru Sutē Hōmu shūkan” to shite, kyōdō kyanpēn o okonatteimasu.

2021 February 2, “Itto sanken kyōdō jōmyō ni tsuite [Regarding the metropolitan area joint declaration]”, in Chiba Prefecture, archived from the original on 2021-11-02:

Following the extension of the state of emergency on Tuesday February 2, Reiwa 3 [2021], the governors of Saitama, Chiba, Tokyo, and Kanagawa metropolitan area prefectures released the following joint statement.

緊急事態宣言が延長されたことを受け、令和 3年 2月 2日（火曜日）に、埼玉県、千葉県、東京都、神奈川県の一都三県知事は連名で共同声明を発表いたしました。

Kinkyū jitai sengen ga enchō sareta koto o uke, Reiwa san-nen nigatsu futsuka (kayōbi) ni, Saitama-ken, Chiba-ken, Tōkyō-to, Kanagawa-ken no Itto sanken chiji wa renmei de kyōdō seimei o happyō itashimashita.

the Tokyo metropolitan region; the area surrounding and including the capital of Japan in Eastern Tokyo


クェゼリン環礁

クェゼリン環礁 (canonical)
Kwezerin Kanshō (romanization)

[kᵝe̞ze̞ɾʲiŋ kã̠ɰ̃ɕo̞ː]

Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands#English

Kwajalein Atoll (an atoll in the Marshall Islands)


比律悉

比律悉 (canonical)
Buryusseru (romanization)

[bɯ̟ɾʲɨsːe̞ɾɯ̟]

ブリュッセル ブリュッセル#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of ブリュッセル (“Brussels (a city, the capital city of Belgium)”).


ナイル川

ナイル川 (canonical)
Nairu-gawa (romanization)

[na̠iɾɯ̟ɡa̠β̞a̠]


ダバオ

From Philippine English Davao, from Philippine Spanish Dávao, from Giangan Dawaw.

沖縄県人会ダバオ在留民の過半数は沖縄県人で占め、その特殊な習慣によつて相互の親善関係が強く、会長には終始上原仁太郎氏を推してよく統一され、ダバオでは日本人会に次ぐ有力団体であつた。その他の団体、広島県人は沖縄県人に次ぎダバオ在留民の多数 ...

1956, Gizō Furukawa, Dabao kaitaku ki, page 390:

Philippine English
Philippine Spanish
ja:ダバオ


カリナン

[ka̠ɾʲinã̠ɴ]

大川:カリナンはそうとうな爆撃にあったところですから、どうなっているかわかりません。質問:カリナンの事務所はどこにあったんですか。大川:カリナン小学校の近くでした。質問: 2 人ともカリナンに移ったのですか。大川:そうです。

1994, 日本のフィリピン占領期に関する史料調査フォーラム, インタヴュー記録日本のフィリピン占領: 日本のフィリピン占領. インタビュー記錄, page 383:

秘密の鍵は幼い頃過ごした熱帯の中にある。出所した柏木は記憶にはない父親の像をたどってミンダナオ島のカリナンに向かった...。ベストセラー小説『プラハの春』の元外交官作家が鋭く問いかける、戦後日本人の「来し方」。

2005, 春江一也, カリナン:

Calinan (a district of Davao City, Philippines)


オデッサ

Odessa (a port city, the administrative center of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine, on the Black Sea)


珍島

ja-pos

珍(ちん)島(とう) • (Chintō) ^(←ちんたう (Tintau)?)

珍島 (canonical)
Chintō (romanization)
Tintau (romanization)
ちんたう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 진도(珍島) (jindo).

obor

(dated) Jindo (an island in South Korea)


沿ドニエストル

沿ドニエストル (canonical)
En Doniesutoru (romanization)

[e̞n do̞ɲ̟ie̞sɨ̥to̞ɾɯ̟]

Transnistria (a breakaway country in Moldova)


独島

From Korean 독도(獨島) (dokdo).
The reading of 獨(独) is apparently contaminated by the standard Japanese reading of doku; standard Japanese transcription of word-initial Korean consonant ㄷ (d) is t-.

Dokdo, Liancourt Rocks (islands in the East Sea)


おそロシア

Blend of おそろしい (osoroshii, “fearsome”) + ロシア (Roshia, “Russia”).

blend

(informal) "Fearsome Russia", a wordplay often used in reaction to surreal modern happenings, dark echoes of the USSR, etc.


属領

ja-noun

属(ぞく)領(りょう) • (zokuryō) ^(←ぞくりやう (zokuryau)?)

属領 (canonical)
zokuryō (romanization)
zokuryau (romanization)
ぞくりやう (hiragana historical)

[d͡zo̞kɯ̟ɾʲo̞ː]


しまうた

shimauta (romanization)
simauta (romanization)
しまうた (hiragana historical)

(more broadly) traditional folk song of Okinawa


七ヶ宿

七ヶ宿 (canonical)
Shichikashuku (romanization)

A town in Katta district, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan


七ヶ浜

七ヶ浜 (canonical)
Shichigahama (romanization)

A town in Miyagi district, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan


五ヶ瀬

A town in Nishiusuki district, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan


保土ケ谷

保土ケ谷 (canonical)
Hodogaya (romanization)

(history) A town in Tachibana district, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

A ward of Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

A railway station in Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan


六ヶ所

A village in Kamikita district, Aomori Prefecture, Japan


吉野ヶ里

吉野ヶ里 (canonical)
Yoshinogari (romanization)

A town in Kanzaki district, Saga Prefecture, Japan


外ヶ浜

外ヶ浜 (canonical)
Sotogahama (romanization)

A town in Higashitsugaru district, Aomori Prefecture, Japan


袖ケ浦

袖ケ浦 (canonical)
Sodegaura (romanization)


金ケ崎

金ケ崎 (canonical)
Kanegasaki (romanization)

A town in Isawa district, Iwate Prefecture, Japan

A railway station in Kanegasaki, Isawa district, Iwate Prefecture, Japan


鰺ヶ沢

鰺ヶ沢 (canonical)
Ajigasawa (romanization)

A town in Nishitsugaru district, Aomori Prefecture, Japan


鶴ヶ島

鶴ヶ島 (canonical)
Tsurugashima (romanization)


龍ケ崎

龍ケ崎 (canonical)
Ryūgasaki (romanization)


橘樹

A district of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan


喜屋武

A cape in Itoman, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan


アジアーゴ

ja-pos

アジアーゴ • (Ajiāgo)


モンブラン

[mo̞m bɯ̟ɾã̠ɴ]


彩帆

Northern Mariana Islands
Northern Mariana Islands#English

Obsolete spelling of サイパン (“Saipan (an island, the capital of the Northern Mariana Islands)”).


サイパン

Saipan (an island, the capital of the Northern Mariana Islands), once part of the Empire of Japan


ガダルカナル島

ガダルカナル島(とう) • (Gadarukanaru-tō) ^(←ガダルカナルたう (Gadarukanarutau)?)

ガダルカナル島 (canonical)
Gadarukanaru-tō (romanization)
Gadarukanarutau (romanization)
ガダルカナルたう (historical katakana)

[ɡa̠da̠ɾɯ̟ka̠na̠ɾɯ̟to̞ː]

Guadalcanal (an island in the Solomon Islands), once occupied by the Japanese during WWII


伊南

ja:伊南川
ja:伊南村 (福島県)

A village in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan


ブリカス

Blend of ブリテン (Buriten, “Britain”) + カス (kasu, “dross”)

blend

(ethnic slur, derogatory, Internet slang) Britain, British person


南樺太

南樺太 (canonical)
Minami Karafuto (romanization)

南 (minami, “south”) + 樺太 (Karafuto, “Sakhalin”)

compound

the southern part of Sakhalin below the 50th parallel north


セヴァストポリ

From Ukrainian Севасто́поль (Sevastópolʹ) and Russian Севасто́поль (Sevastópolʹ).

borrowed

Севасто́поль

Севасто́поль

Sevastopol (a port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia)


亜耳伯士

[a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟sɨ]

Obsolete spelling of アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps (a mountain range in Western Europe)”).


御座楽

[ɯ̟za̠ɡa̠kɯ̟]

From Okinawan 御座楽 (uzagaku), equivalent to Japanese 御- (o-) + 座楽 (zagaku).

uzagaku, court music of the former Ryukyu Kingdom


ハルキウ

[ha̠ɾɯ̟kʲiɯ̟]

(less common) Kharkiv, Kharkov (a city in Ukraine)

(less common) Kharkiv, Kharkov (an oblast in eastern Ukraine).


ハリコフ

[ha̠ɾʲiko̞ɸɯ̟]


アジヤ

(obsolete, uncommon) Alternative form of アジア (Ajia, “Asia (a continent)”)


サハラ・アラブ民主共和国

ja-pos

サハラ アラブ みんしゅ きょうわこく

サハラ・アラブ民(みん)主(しゅ)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく) • (Sahara Arabu Minshu Kyōwakoku)

サハラ・アラブ民主共和国 (canonical)
Sahara Arabu Minshu Kyōwakoku (romanization)

サハラ (“Sahara”) + アラブ (“Arab”) + 民主共和国 (“democratic republic”)

af

さはらあらぶみんしゅきょうわこく

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic#English

the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (a country in Africa)

ja:サハラ・アラブ民主共和国


パレンバン

[pa̠ɾẽ̞mbã̠ɴ]

Palembang (a city in South Sumatra, Indonesia)


花の都

花の都 (canonical)
hana no miyako (romanization)


樹杞林

ja-pos

樹(じゅ)杞(き)林(りん) • (Jukirin) ^(←じゆきりん (Zyukirin)?)

樹杞林 (canonical)
Jukirin (romanization)
Zyukirin (romanization)
じゆきりん (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑɨkʲiɾʲĩɴ]

(historical) Jukirin (a town in Taiwan; modern Zhudong)


マライシア

マレーシア マレーシア#Japanese

(obsolete) Alternative form of マレーシア (Marēsia, “Malaysia (a country in Southeast Asia)”)


涯月

Aewol (a town in Jeju, Jeju Province, South Korea)


涯月

涯(がい)月(げつ) • (Gaigetsu) ^(←がいげつ (Gaigetu)?)

涯月 (canonical)
Gaigetsu (romanization)
Gaigetu (romanization)
がいげつ (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 애월(涯月) (Aewol).

obor

(dated) Aewol (a town in Jeju, Jeju Province, South Korea)


蘭貢

ja-pos

蘭貢(ラングーン) • (Rangūn)

[ɾã̠ŋɡɯ̟̃ːɴ]

ラングーン ラングーン#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of ラングーン (Rangūn, “Rangoon, Yangon (a city in Myanmar)”).


ラングーン

ラングーン • (Rangūn)

[ɾã̠ŋɡɯ̟̃ːɴ]


関東州

関(かん)東(とう)州(しゅう) • (Kantōshū) ^(←くわんとうしう (Kwantousiu)?)

関東州 (canonical)
Kantōshū (romanization)
Kwantousiu (romanization)
くわんとうしう (hiragana historical)

[kã̠nto̞ːɕɨː]

Kwantung Leased Territory
w:Kwantung Leased Territory

(historical) Kwantung Leased Territory (a concession in China)


マリウポリ

[ma̠ɾʲiɯ̟po̞ɾʲi]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Маріу́поль (Mariúpolʹ).

bor+

Mariupol (a city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine)


早稲田

From 早稲 (wase, wasa-) + 田 (ta, “field; paddy”). The form wasada uses the combining prefix form of 早稲 (wase), which is wasa-. The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


ドニプロ

[do̞ɲ̟ipɯ̟ɾo̞]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Дніпро́ (Dnipró).


エリコ

Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)


ゴールウェイ

ja-pos

ゴールウェイ • (Gōruwei)


カーロー

カーロー • (Kārō)


ダン・レアリー゠ラスダウン

[da̠n̺ ɾe̞a̠ɾʲiːɾa̠sɨda̠ɯ̟̃ɴ]

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown
Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown#English

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (a county of Ireland)


ケリー

ケリー • (Kerī)

A village and community in Powys, Wales, originally in Montgomeryshire (OS grid ref SO1489)


キラーニー

キラーニー • (Kirānī)


リーシュ

リーシュ • (Rīshu)


ラウス

A market town and civil parish with a town council in East Lindsey district, Lincolnshire, England (OS grid ref TF3287).


メイヨー

メイヨー • (Meiyō)

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

A townland in County Down, Northern Ireland.

A municipality of Papineau Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada.

Lafayette County
Lafayette County#English

A town, the county seat of Lafayette County, Florida, United States.

An unincorporated community in Mercer County, Kentucky, United States.

Anne Arundel County
Anne Arundel County#English

A census-designated place in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States.

Spartanburg County
Spartanburg County#English

A census-designated place in Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States.


ミース

ミース • (Mīsu)


オファリー

オファリー • (Ofarī)


ウォーターフォード

ウォーターフォード • (Wōtāfōdo)

East Hertfordshire
East Hertfordshire#English

A village in East Hertfordshire district, Hertfordshire, England (OS grid ref TL3114).

A suburb of Logan City, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

A community of Digby County, Nova Scotia, Canada.

A community of Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada.

The name of several places in the United States:

A city in Stanislaus County, California.

Stanislaus County
Stanislaus County#English

A town in New London County, Connecticut.

New London County
New London County#English

An unincorporated community in LaPorte County, Indiana.

A town and village in Saratoga County, New York.

An unincorporated community in Knox County, Ohio.

A census-designated place in Washington County, Ohio.

Washington County
Washington County#English

A village split between Providence County, Rhode Island, and Worcester County, Massachusetts.

Providence County
Providence County#English

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

Caledonia County
Caledonia County#English

An unincorporated village in Loudoun County, Virginia.

A town and village in Racine County, Wisconsin.


ウィックロー

ウィックロー • (Wikkurō)


ファーマナ

ファーマナ • (Fāmana)

Fermanagh (a county of Northern Ireland)


アーマー

アーマー • (Āmā)


浦塩斯徳

浦塩斯徳 (canonical)
Urajiosutoku (romanization)

[ɯ̟ɾa̠ʑio̞sɨto̞kɯ̟]

ウラジオストク ウラジオストク#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of ウラジオストク (Urajiosutoku, “Vladivostok (a city in Russia)”).


浦潮斯徳

浦潮斯徳 (canonical)
Urajiosutoku (romanization)

[ɯ̟ɾa̠ʑio̞sɨto̞kɯ̟]

ウラジオストク ウラジオストク#Japanese


古倫比亜

古倫比亜 (canonical)
Koronbia (romanization)

コロンビア コロンビア#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of コロンビア (“Colombia (a country in South America)”).


伯西児

[bɯ̟ɾa̠ʑiɾɯ̟]

Obsolete spelling of ブラジル (“Brazil (a country)”).


勃爾瓦利

勃爾瓦利 (canonical)
Burugaria (romanization)

[bɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɡa̠ɾʲia̠]

ブルガリア ブルガリア#Japanese

Obsolete spelling of ブルガリア (“Bulgaria (a country in Europe)”).


ボルネオ

Borneo (an island shared by Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei)


峡江

ja-noun

峡(きょう)江(こう) • (kyōkō) ^(←けふかう (kefukau)?)

峡江 (canonical)
kyōkō (romanization)
kefukau (romanization)
けふかう (hiragana historical)


来麑

来(らい)麑(げい) • (raigei) ^(←らいげい (raigei)?)

来麑 (canonical)
raigei (romanization)
らいげい (hiragana historical)


滞麑

滞(たい)麑(げい) • (taigei) ^(←たいげい (taigei)?)

滞麑 (canonical)
taigei (romanization)
たいげい (hiragana historical)


央玲崑

Obsolete spelling of オレゴン (Oregon, “Oregon (a state of the United States)”).


亜港

亜港 (canonical)
Akō (romanization)
Akau (romanization)
あかう (hiragana historical)

(historical) Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky (a town in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia)


ナシビル

ナッシュビル ナッシュビル#Japanese

(dated) Alternative form of ナッシュビル (“Nashville (a city in Tennessee, United States)”)


メンフィス

[mẽ̞ɰ̃ɸʲi̥sɨ]

Memphis (a city in Shelby, Tennessee, United States)

Memphis (a city in Hall, Texas, United States)


ロスアンゼルス

[ɾo̞sɨ ã̠nd͡ze̞ɾɯ̟sɨ]

ロサンゼルス ロサンゼルス#Japanese

Alternative form of ロサンゼルス (Rosanzerusu, “Los Angeles (a large city in California, United States)”)


在福

在(ざい)福(ふく) • (zaifuku) ^(←ざいふく (zaifuku)?)

在福 (canonical)
zaifuku (romanization)
ざいふく (hiragana historical)

[d͡za̠iɸɯ̟kɯ̟]


黒石

ja:黒石 (曖昧さ回避)
ja:黒石市

(historical) A village in Esashi district, Iwate Prefecture, Japan


尼港

尼港 (canonical)
Nikō (romanization)
Nikau (romanization)
にかう (hiragana historical)

尼港事件

(historical) Nikolayevsk-on-Amur (a town in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia)


西比利亜

西比利亜 (canonical)
Shiberia (romanization)

Obsolete spelling of シベリア (Shiberia, “Siberia (a region of Russia)”).


泥港

泥港 (canonical)
Deikō (romanization)
Deikau (romanization)
でいかう (hiragana historical)

(historical) De-Kastri, de Castries (a settlement in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia)


薩人

薩(さつ)人(じん) • (satsujin) ^(←さつじん (satuzin)?)

薩人 (canonical)
satsujin (romanization)
satuzin (romanization)
さつじん (hiragana historical)

[sa̠t͡sɨʑĩɴ]

(historical) person from Satsuma (modern Kagoshima)


八ッ場

See 八ッ場ダム on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ʲᵃ

pedia

Yanba (a koaza in Kawarahata, Naganohara, Agatsuma district, Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


コートダジュール

ja-pos

コートダジュール • (Kōto Dajūru)

[ko̞ːto̞ da̠ʑɨːɾɯ̟]

ja:コート・ダジュール


牛荘

牛荘(ニューチャン) • (Nyūchan)

[ɲ̟ɨːt͡ɕã̠ɴ]

Borrowed from English Newchang, from Mandarin 牛莊／牛庄 (Niúzhuāng).

Niuzhuang (a town in Haicheng, Anshan, Liaoning, China)


アントワープ

[ã̠nto̞β̞a̠ːpɯ̟]

Antwerp (a city and province of Belgium)


木曜島

木(もく)曜(よう)島(とう) • (Mokuyōtō) ^(←もくえうたう (Mokueutau)?)

木曜島 (canonical)
Mokuyōtō (romanization)
Mokueutau (romanization)
もくえうたう (hiragana historical)

Torres Strait Islands
Torres Strait Islands#English

Thursday Island (an island in the Torres Strait Islands, Australia)


アレクサンドリア

[a̠ɾe̞kɯ̟sã̠ndo̞ɾʲia̠]

Alexandria (a city and governorate of Egypt)


ウラジオ

ウラジオストク ウラジオストク#Japanese

(obsolete) Short for ウラジオストク (Urajiostoku, “Vladivostok (a city in Russia)”).


浦塩

Obsolete spelling of ウラジオ (Urajio, “Vladivostok (a city in Russia)”).


米帝

(dated, derogatory) American imperialism; United States


イスタンブル

[isɨtã̠mbɯ̟ɾɯ̟]


シャルドネ

[ɕa̠ɾɯ̟do̞ne̞]

2013 February 18, “Mahō no tsubasa tsuke tori ni naru ekusutorīmu sukīyā-tachi no etsuraku [Extreme skiers enjoy becoming birds with magic wings]”, in Aera Weekly, page 44:

In May 1988, Kikuchi climbed from France’s Argentière glacier to the col (saddle) of Chardonnay, relying on ropes and using ice axes and crampons. Then, he carved a beautiful spur with his skis down the wall-like slope.

８８年５月、フランスのアルジャンティエール氷河からシャルドネのコル（鞍部）へと、ザイルを頼りに、ピッケルとアイゼンを使って菊池さんは登攀していた。すると、壁のような斜面に美しいシュプールが刻まれていた。

Hachijūhachi-nen gogatsu, Furansu no Arujantiēru hyōga kara Sharudone no koru (anbu) e to, zairu o tayori ni, pikkeru to aizen o tsukatte Kikuchi-san wa tōhan shiteita. Suru to, kabe no yō na shamen ni utsukushī shupūru ga kizamareteita.

Chardonnay (a commune of the Saône-et-Loire department, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)


チグリス川

チグリス川 (canonical)
Chigurisu-gawa (romanization)

[t͡ɕiɡɯ̟ɾʲisɨɡa̠β̞a̠]


テムズ川

テムズ川 (canonical)
Temuzugawa (romanization)


アラビア海

アラビア海 (canonical)
Arabia-kai (romanization)

From アラビア (Arabia, “Arabia”) + 海 (kai, “sea”).


ザポリージャ

Zaporizhzhia (the capital city of Ukraine)


与那原

A town in Shimajiri district, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan


檀山

[dã̠nd͡zã̠ɴ]

檀山流

Honolulu (a city, the state capital of Hawaii, United States)


檀山

(obsolete) Alternative spelling of ホノルル (Honoruru, “Honolulu (a city, the state capital of Hawaii, United States)”)


円山

A hill in Chūō-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan


蘇城

ja-pos

蘇城(スーチャン) • (Sūchan)

zh-m

蘇城／苏城 (Sūchéng)

(historical) Partizansk, Suchan (a town in Primorsky Krai, Russia)


バウツェン

Bautzen (a town and rural district of Saxony, Germany)


カサブランカ

[ka̠sa̠bɯ̟ɾã̠ŋka̠]

Casablanca (the capital city of the region of Casablanca-Settat, Morocco)


密陽

South Gyeongsang
South Gyeongsang#English

Miryang (a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea)


密陽

ja-pos

密(みつ)陽(よう) • (Mitsuyō) ^(←みつやう (Mituyau)?)

密陽 (canonical)
Mitsuyō (romanization)
Mituyau (romanization)
みつやう (hiragana historical)

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 밀양(密陽) (miryang).

obor

(dated) Miryang (a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea)


澎湖諸島

ja-noun

澎(ほう)湖(こ)諸(しょ)島(とう) • (hōko shotō) ^(←はうこしよたう (fauko syotau)?)

澎湖諸島 (canonical)
hōko shotō (romanization)
fauko syotau (romanization)
はうこしよたう (hiragana historical)


ブラジル帝国

ブラジル帝国 (canonical)
Burajiru Teikoku (romanization)

[bɯ̟ɾa̠ʑiɾɯ̟ te̞ːko̞kɯ̟]

Compound of ブラジル (Burajiru, “Brazil”) + 帝国 (teikoku, “empire”).

compound

(historical) the Empire of Brazil (1822–1889)


バタンガス

ja:バタンガス ja:バタンガス州

[ba̠tã̠ŋɡa̠sɨ]

Batangas (a province of the Philippines)

Batangas (the capital city of Batangas, Philippines)


カヴィテ

ja:カヴィテ ja:カヴィテ州


タガイタイ

Tagaytay (a city in Cavite, Philippines)


ビガン

Vigan (a city, the provincial capital of Ilocos Sur, Philippines)


ブラカン

[bɯ̟ɾa̠kã̠ɴ]

Bulakan (a municipality of Bulacan, Philippines)


パンパンガ

[pã̠mpã̠ŋɡa̠]

From Kapampangan Pampanga, from Spanish Pampanga, from Kapampangan pampang (“riverbank”).

Pampanga (a province of the Philippines; capital: San Fernando; largest city: Angeles)


アンヘレス

[ã̠ɰ̃he̞ɾe̞sɨ]

Angeles (the largest city in Pampanga, Philippines)


モンテンルパ

[mõ̞ntẽ̞n̺ɾɯ̟pa̠]

Muntinlupa (an independent city in the Philippines)


ムンティンルパ

[mɯ̟̃ntʲĩn̺ɾɯ̟pa̠]

モンテンルパ モンテンルパ#Japanese

Alternative form of モンテンルパ (“Muntinlupa (an independent city in the Philippines)”)


マンダルヨン

[mã̠nda̠ɾɯ̟jõ̞ɴ]

From Tagalog Mandaluyong, of uncertain origin.

Mandaluyong (an independent city in Metro Manila, Philippines)


バギオ

From Spanish Baguió, from Ibaloi bagiw (“moss”).

Baguio (an independent city in Benguet, Philippines)


イロイロ

Iloilo City (an independent city, the provincial capital of Iloilo, Philippines)


下北沢

下北沢 (canonical)
Shimokitazawa (romanization)

Shimokitazawa (a neighborhood of Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan)


ボゴール

[bo̞ɡo̞ːɾɯ̟]


デンパサール

[dẽ̞mpa̠sa̠ːɾɯ̟]

Denpasar (a city, the provincial capital of Bali, Indonesia)


幕張

Makuhari (a region of Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


オークランド

[o̞ːkɯ̟ɾã̠ndo̞]

Oakland (a city in California, United States)


ピッツバーグ

[pʲit̚t͡sɨba̠ːɡɯ̟]

Pittsburgh (a city in Pennsylvania, United States)


ウィンブルドン

[β̞ĩmbɯ̟ɾɯ̟dõ̞ɴ]


ボヘミア

Bohemia (a region of the Czech Republic)


プファルツ

[pɯ̟ɸa̠ɾɯ̟t͡sɨ]


ハノーファー

ja-pos

ハノーファー • (Hanōfā)


ニュルンベルク

[ɲ̟ɨɾɯ̟̃mbe̞ɾɯ̟kɯ̟]


アラゴン

autonomous community
autonomous community

Aragón, Aragon (an autonomous community of Spain)


プリンストン

[pɯ̟ɾʲĩɰ̃sɨtõ̞ɴ]

Princeton (a borough of New Jersey, United States)


ハイデルベルク

[ha̠ide̞ɾɯ̟be̞ɾɯ̟kɯ̟]


ロッテルダム

[ɾo̞t̚te̞ɾɯ̟da̠mɯ̟]


カンタベリー

Canterbury (a cathedral city in England)


西インド諸島

^にし ^インド ^しよたう

西(にし)インド諸(しょ)島(とう) • (Nishi Indo Shotō) ^(←にしインドしよたう (Nisi Indo Syotau)?)

西インド諸島 (canonical)
Nishi Indo Shotō (romanization)
Nisi Indo Syotau (romanization)
にしインドしよたう (hiragana historical)


ボホール

[bo̞ho̞ːɾɯ̟]

Bohol (a province of the Philippines; capital: Tagbilaran)


マナウス

Manaus (a municipality, the state capital of Amazonas, Brazil)


ヘルソン

[he̞ɾɯ̟sõ̞ɴ]

Kherson (a raion, a Kherson oblast Ukraine, Europe)

Kherson (a port city in Kherson Raion, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, Europe)


熱田

Atsuta (a ward of Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


五反田

From 五 (go, “five”) + 反 (tan, a unit of measurement equal to about 1000 square metres, also spelled 段) + 田 (ta, “field”), literally “five-tan field”. The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Named after the fact that fields in the area used to be divided into plots of five tan.

com

a unit of measurement equal to about 1000 square metres, also spelled <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">段</i>


ブロワ

[bɯ̟ɾo̞β̞a̠]

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Blois (a commune, city, and the prefecture of Loir-et-Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France)


パイユート人

パイユート人 (canonical)
Paiyūto-jin (romanization)

[pa̠ijɯ̟ːto̞ʑĩɴ]


九份

Jiufen (an area in Ruifang district, New Taipei, Taiwan)


西ヨーロッパ

西ヨーロッパ (canonical)
Nishi Yōroppa (romanization)


海峡植民地

ja-pos

かいきょう しょくみんち

海(かい)峡(きょう)植(しょく)民(みん)地(ち) • (Kaikyō Shokuminchi)

海峡植民地 (canonical)
Kaikyō Shokuminchi (romanization)

[ka̠ikʲo̞ː ɕo̞kɯ̟mʲĩɲ̟t͡ɕi]


中央ヨーロッパ

中(ちゅう)央(おう)ヨーロッパ • (Chūō Yōroppa)

中央ヨーロッパ (canonical)
Chūō Yōroppa (romanization)

[t͡ɕɨːo̞ː jo̞ːɾo̞p̚pa̠]


ミッドウェー島

ミッドウェー島(とう) • (Middowē Tō)

ミッドウェー島 (canonical)
Middowē Tō (romanization)

[mʲid̚d̥o̞β̞e̞ː to̞ː]

Partial calque of English Midway Islands.


真間

A town in Ichikawa, Chiba Prefecture, Japan.


赤渕

[a̠ka̠ɸɯ̟t͡ɕi]

A region of Seki, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.


赤渕

A station in Omyōjin, Shizukuishi, Iwate district, Iwate Prefecture, Japan.


ペナン島

ペナン島 (canonical)
Penan-tō (romanization)


ホータン

ja-pos

ホータン • (Hōtan)

Hotan (a prefecture, county, and county-level city in Xinjiang, China).


ウリナラ

From Korean 우리나라 (urinara, “our country; Korea”).

bor

(slang, ethnic slur) South Korea (used to express dissatisfication with the "Korea invented everything" theory)


姫川

姫川 (canonical)
Himekawa (romanization)
姫川 (canonical)
Himegawa (romanization)

[çime̞ɡa̠β̞a̠]

Compound of 姫(ひめ) (hime-, “lady; small, little”) + 川(かわ) (kawa, “river”). Literally, “little river”. The kawa changes to gawa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-com

ja:姫川 (曖昧さ回避)

Hime River (a river in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)

A neighborhood of Echizen, Fukui Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Otobe, Hokkaido prefecture.

A neighborhood and station in Mori, Hokkaido prefecture.

A station in Itoigawa, Niigata Prefecture.

Hime River (a river in Nagano Prefecture and Niigata Prefecture, Japan)

Hime River (a river in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)

Himegawa (a neighborhood of Kushimoto, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


訪英

訪英する (canonical)
hōei suru (romanization)
訪英し (stem)
訪英した (past)
訪英し
ほうえいし
hōei shi
訪英する
ほうえいする
hōei suru
訪英すれ
ほうえいすれ
hōei sure
訪英せよ (imperative literary)
訪英しろ (colloquial imperative)
ほうえいせよ (imperative literary)
ほうえいしろ (colloquial imperative)
hōei seyo (imperative literary)
hōei shiro (colloquial imperative)
訪英される (passive)
ほうえいされる (passive)
hōei sareru (passive)
訪英させる (causative)
訪英さす (causative)
ほうえいさせる (causative)
ほうえいさす (causative)
hōei saseru (causative)
hōei sasu (causative)
訪英できる (potential)
ほうえいできる (potential)
hōei dekiru (potential)
訪英しよう (volitional)
ほうえいしよう (volitional)
hōei shiyō (volitional)
訪英しない (negative)
ほうえいしない (negative)
hōei shinai (negative)
訪英せず (continuative negative)
ほうえいせず (continuative negative)
hōei sezu (continuative negative)
訪英します (formal)
ほうえいします (formal)
hōei shimasu (formal)
訪英した (perfective)
ほうえいした (perfective)
hōei shita (perfective)
訪英して (conjunctive)
ほうえいして (conjunctive)
hōei shite (conjunctive)
訪英すれば (conditional hypothetical)
ほうえいすれば (conditional hypothetical)
hōei sureba (conditional hypothetical)


川奈

Kawana (a neighborhood and station in Itō, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


一条

ja-pos

一(いち)条(じょう) • (Ichijō) ^(←いちでう (Itideu)?)

一条 (canonical)
Ichijō (romanization)
Itideu (romanization)
いちでう (hiragana historical)

Compound of 一(いち) (ichi, “one”) + 条(じょう) (-jō, counter for thin, long objects).

ja-com

A neighborhood of Utsunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Imizu, Toyama Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Chikugo, Fukuoka Prefecture.

The neighborhoods of Ebetsu and Fukagawa, Hokkaido prefecture.


一條

ja-pos

一(いち)條(じょう) • (Ichijō) ^(←いちでう (Itideu)?)

一條 (canonical)
Ichijō (romanization)
Itideu (romanization)
いちでう (hiragana historical)

Ichijō (a neighborhood of Minamiizu, Shizuoka Prefecture)

Ichijō (a neighborhood of Hirokawa, Fukuoka Prefecture)


七沢

七(なな)沢(さわ) • (Nanasawa) ^(←ななさは (Nanasafa)?)

七沢 (canonical)
Nanasawa (romanization)
Nanasafa (romanization)
ななさは (hiragana historical)

A neighborhood of Atsugi, Kanagawa Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Narita, Chiba Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Kōfu, Yamanashi Prefecture.


羽月

羽月 (canonical)
Hazuki (romanization)
羽月 (canonical)
Hatsuki (romanization)

The tsuki changes to zuki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

A former village in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan; now part of Isa, Kagoshima Prefecture.

A former station in Ōkuchi, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.


中神

The kami changes to gami as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

A neighborhood of Iruma, Saitama Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Tonami, Toyama Prefecture.

A station in Akishima, Tokyo prefecture.


市田

The ta changes to da as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

A neighborhood of Toyokawa, Aichi Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Kumiyama, Kyoto Prefecture.

A train station in Takamori, Nagano Prefecture.


溝上

Abbreviation of 溝の上 (mizo no ue, “place above the ditch”).

abbrev

Mizonoue (a neighborhood of Tamana, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


神代

Compound of 神(じん) (jin, “god”) + 代(だい) (dai, “age, times”).

ja-com

Jindai (a train station in Senboku, Akita Prefecture, Japan)


神代

神代 (canonical)
Kamishiro (romanization)
神代 (canonical)
Kajiro (romanization)
神代 (canonical)
Kashiro (romanization)

The shiro changes to jiro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Kamishiro (a neighborhood of Handa, Aichi Prefecture, Japan)

Kamishiro (a neighborhood of Muroran, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)

Kajiro (a neighborhood of Ichihara, Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


神代

神代 (canonical)
Kōjiro (romanization)
神代 (canonical)
Kōshiro (romanization)

The neighborhoods of Ibara, Tsuyama and Maniwa, Okayama Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Himi, Toyama Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Yanai, Yamaguchi Prefecture.


神代

Kakumi (a neighborhood of Shika, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


小俣

小俣 (canonical)
Omata (romanization)
Womata (romanization)
をまた (hiragana historical)
小俣 (canonical)
Obata (romanization)
Wobata (romanization)
をばた (hiragana historical)

Compound of 小(お) (o-, “small”) + 俣(また) (mata, “something divided”). Literally, “small bifurcation”.

A neighborhood of Annaka, Gunma Prefecture.

A neighborhood and train station in Ashikaga, Tochigi Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Sanpoku, Niigata Prefecture.

Obata (a train station in Ise, Mie Prefecture, Japan)


志方

Former places now part of Kakogawa, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan:

A former town in Innami district, Hyōgo Prefecture.

A former village in the former town of Shikata, Innami district, Hyōgo Prefecture.


グンマー

ja-pos

グンマー • (Gunmā)

Modification of 群馬(ぐんま) (Gunma), as if it were a foreign land.

(Internet slang, humorous) the "mysterious and primitive land" of Gunma


ウォリス・フツナ

[β̞o̞ɾʲisɨ ɸɯ̟t͡sɨna̠]

Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna#English

Wallis and Futuna (an archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania)


大河内

大(おお)河(かわ)内(うち) • (Ōkawauchi) ^(←おほかはうち (Ofokafauti)?)

大(おお)河(かわ)内(ち) • (Ōkawachi) ^(←おほかはち (Ofokafati)?)

大(おお)河(か)内(ち) • (Ōkachi) ^(←おほかち (Ofokati)?)

大河内 (canonical)
Ōkawauchi (romanization)
Ofokafauti (romanization)
おほかはうち (hiragana historical)
大河内 (canonical)
Ōkawachi (romanization)
Ofokafati (romanization)
おほかはち (hiragana historical)
大河内 (canonical)
Ōkachi (romanization)
Ofokati (romanization)
おほかち (hiragana historical)

[o̞ːka̠β̞a̠ɯ̟t͡ɕi]

[o̞ːka̠β̞a̠t͡ɕi]

Ōkawauchi (a neighborhood of Shība, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)

A neighborhood of Buzen, Fukuoka Prefecture.

A neighborhood and train station in Shūnan, Yamaguchi Prefecture.

A neighborhood of Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture.

Ōkachi (a neighborhood of Kurayoshi, Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


大河内

大(お)河(かわ)内(ち) • (Okawachi) ^(←おかはち (Okafati)?)

大河内 (canonical)
Okawachi (romanization)
Okafati (romanization)
おかはち (hiragana historical)

Okawachi (a neighborhood of Matsusaka, Mie Prefecture, Japan)


ルガーノ

[ɾɯ̟ɡa̠ːno̞]


バハ・カリフォルニア

[ba̠ha̠ ka̠ɾʲiɸo̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠]

ja:バハ・カリフォルニア


バハ・カリフォルニア・スル

[ba̠ha̠ ka̠ɾʲiɸo̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟ia̠ sɨɾɯ̟]

Baja California Sur
Baja California Sur#English

ja:バハ・カリフォルニア・スル


浜大津

浜(はま)大(おお)津(つ) • (Hamaōtsu) ^(←はまおほつ (Famaofotu)?)

浜大津 (canonical)
Hamaōtsu (romanization)
Famaofotu (romanization)
はまおほつ (hiragana historical)

Hamaōtsu (a neighborhood and train station in Ōtsu, Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


鍾路

鍾(チョン)路(ノ) or (historical) 鍾(しょう)路(ろ) • (Chonno or Shōro)

鍾路 (canonical)
鍾路 (canonical)
Chonno (romanization)
Shōro (romanization)

Jongno (a district of Seoul, South Korea)


発寒

Named after 発寒川(はっさむかわ) (Hassamu-kawa, “Hassamu River”). Borrowed from Ainu ハチャㇺ (hacam, “starling (bird)”).

ja-r

A neighborhood of Sapporo, Hokkaido prefecture.


妹背牛

Borrowed from Ainu モセウシ (mose usi, “many nettles”).


クーパー

ja-pos

クーパー • (Kūpā)

Cooper County (a county of Missouri, United States)


北キプロス

北キプロス (canonical)
Kita Kipurosu (romanization)

Northern Cyprus (de facto state in the Northern part of Cyprus)


東京湾

東(とう)京(きょう)湾(わん) • (Tōkyōwan) ^(←とうきやうわん (Toukyauwan)?)

東京湾 (canonical)
Tōkyōwan (romanization)
Toukyauwan (romanization)
とうきやうわん (hiragana historical)

[to̞ːkʲo̞ːβ̞ã̠ɴ]


バフムト

[ba̠ɸɯ̟mɯ̟to̞]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Бахму́т (Baxmút) or Russian Бахму́т (Baxmút).


能登半島

能登半島 (canonical)
Noto Hantō (romanization)


与論島

与論島 (canonical)
Yoronjima (romanization)

[jo̞ɾõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑima̠]

Yoronjima (an island in the Amami islands Japan)


与論

Compare Yoron 与論 (Yunnu), from an earlier form *yonno.

Yoron (a town in Yoronjima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)

与論島方言

与論島方言 よろんじまほうげん


テューリンゲン

[tʲɨːɾʲĩŋɡẽ̞ɴ]


羅米

羅米経済情報

羅典亜米利加

羅典亜米利加 ラテンアメリカ


カピス

Capiz (a province of the Philippines; capital: Roxas)


プエルトガレラ

[pɯ̟e̞ɾɯ̟to̞ɡa̠ɾe̞ɾa̠]

Oriental Mindoro
Oriental Mindoro#English

Puerto Galera (a municipality of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines)


北カマリネス

北カマリネス (canonical)
Kita Kamarinesu (romanization)

Camarines Norte (a province of the Philippines)


南カマリネス

南カマリネス (canonical)
Minami Kamarinesu (romanization)

Camarines Sur (a province of the Philippines)


北アフリカ

北アフリカ (canonical)
Kita Afurika (romanization)

[kʲi̥ta̠ a̠ɸɯ̟ɾʲika̠]


野沢温泉村

ja-pos

野(の)沢(ざわ)温(おん)泉(せん)村(むら) • (Nozawaonsenmura)

野沢温泉村 (canonical)
Nozawaonsenmura (romanization)

Nozawaonsen-mura (a village in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


ケーニヒスベルク

[ke̞ːɲ̟içisɨbe̞ɾɯ̟kɯ̟]

(historical) Königsberg (the former capital of East Prussia)


B円

Designated "B" as it was intended for civilian use, while the "A-yen" was used by military personnels.

(historical) B yen, a scrip issued by U.S. Occupation in Okinawa


姦国

[kã̠ŋko̞kɯ̟]

(derogatory, offensive, Internet slang) South Korea


虫国

[t͡ɕɨːɡo̞kɯ̟]

(derogatory, offensive, Internet slang) China


大洗

大洗町: Ōarai (a town in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


薩摩川内

薩摩川内 (canonical)
Satsumasendai (romanization)

Satsumasendai (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


英仏

英 (“England; Britain”) + 仏 (“France”) or blend of 英国 (Eikoku, “England; Britain”) + 仏蘭西 (Furansu, “France”)


青ヶ島

青ヶ島 (canonical)
Aogashima (romanization)

An island in the Izu Islands, Tokyo, Japan.


王家の谷

ja-pos

王(おう)家(け)の谷(たに) • (Ōke no Tani) ^(←わうけのたに (Wauke no Tani)?)

王家の谷 (canonical)
Ōke no Tani (romanization)
Wauke no Tani (romanization)
わうけのたに (hiragana historical)

Valley of the Kings
Valley of the Kings#English

Valley of the Kings (a valley in Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, known for the tombs constructed there for the pharaohs)


アフリカの角

アフリカの角 (canonical)
afurika no tsuno (romanization)

Horn of Africa (a region of East Africa)


トケラウ

Tokelau (Three atolls forming a dependent territory of New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean).


プトラジャヤ

A federal territory in western Malaysia.


猴猴

(historical) Kaukau (a village in Taiwan)


アルザス・ロレーヌ

[a̠ɾɯ̟za̠sɨ ɾo̞ɾe̞ːnɯ̟]

Alsace-Lorraine (a historical state in Germany (1871-1918), modern part of Grand Est region in France)

ja:アルザス・ロレーヌ


ロレーヌ

[ɾo̞ɾe̞ːnɯ̟]

administrative region
administrative region

Lorraine (a former administrative region and former duchy in eastern France; since 2016 part of the region of Grand Est)


八戸溝

A ward of Saga, Saga Prefecture, Japan, Asia


東かがわ

東かがわ (canonical)
Higashikagawa (romanization)

[çiɡa̠ɕika̠ɡa̠β̞a̠]

Higashikagawa (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


常総

常(じょう)総(そう) • (Jōsō)

[d͡ʑo̞ːso̞ː]

Jōsō (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


つくばみらい

Tsukubamirai (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


南アルプス

南アルプス (canonical)
Minami Arupusu (romanization)

[mʲina̠mʲi a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 南(みなみ) (minami, “south”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”), literally “Southern Alps.”

ja-compound

Minami-Alps (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)

赤石山脈 w:ja:赤石山脈

Synonym of 赤石山脈 (Akaishi Sanmyaku, “Akaishi Mountains”)


北アルプス

北アルプス (canonical)
Kita Arupusu (romanization)

[kʲita̠ a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 北(きた) (kita, “north”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”), literally “Northern Alps.”

飛驒山脈 w:ja:飛驒山脈

Synonym of 飛驒山脈 (Hida Sanmyaku, “Hida Mountains”)


中央アルプス

中央アルプス (canonical)
Chūō Arupusu (romanization)

[t͡ɕɨːo̞ː a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 中(ちゅう)央(おう) (chūō, “center, middle”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”), literally “Central Alps.”

木曽山脈 w:ja:木曽山脈

Synonym of 木曽山脈 (Kiso Sanmyaku, “Kiso Mountains”)


日本アルプス

ja-pos

日(に)本(ほん)アルプス or 日(にっ)本(ぽん)アルプス • (Nihon Arupusu or Nippon Arupusu)

日本アルプス (canonical)
日本アルプス (canonical)
Nihon Arupusu (romanization)
Nippon Arupusu (romanization)

[ɲ̟iho̞ɰ̃ a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

[ɲ̟ip̚po̞ɰ̃ a̠ɾɯ̟pɯ̟̊sɨ]

Compound of 日(に)本(ほん) (Nihon, “Japan”) + アルプス (Arupusu, “Alps”). Coined by British archaeologist William Gowland.

coinage

北アルプス 北アルプス#Japanese

中央アルプス 中央アルプス#Japanese

南アルプス 南アルプス#Japanese

Japanese Alps: a general name for 北アルプス (Kita Arupusu, “Northern Alps / Hida Mountains”), 中央アルプス (Chūō Arupusu, “Central Alps / Kiso Mountains”) and 南アルプス (Minami Arupusu, “Southern Alps / Akaishi Mountains”)


マニラ首都圏

マニラ首都圏 (canonical)
Manira Shutoken (romanization)

[ma̠ɲ̟iɾa̠ ɕɨto̞kẽ̞ɴ]

Metro Manila (a metropolitan area and region of the Philippines)


日本橋

日本橋 (canonical)
Nihonbashi (romanization)

日(に)本(ほん) (Nihon, “Japan”) + 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

Nihonbashi, A business district of Chūō, Tokyo prefecture, Japan, surrounding a famous bridge of the same name

Nihonbashi (Chūō bridge), A bridge over the Nihonbashi River in Chūō, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

Nihonbashi (Hanamachi), A hanamachi that once existed from Yaesu to Nihonbashi in Chūō, Tokyo prefecture, Japan

Nihonbashi (Nakagawa bridge), A bridge over the Nakagawa River in Kazo, Saitama Prefecture, Japan

A bridge over the Yoshida River canal that once existed in Ōdōri Park in Naka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan

Japanese Bridge (Lai Viễn Kiều), A footbridge with a temple atop built by Japanese merchants in 1593 in Hội An, Quảng Nam, Vietnam


日本橋

日本橋 (canonical)
Nipponbashi (romanization)

日(にっ)本(ぽん) (Nippon, “Japan”) + 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Nipponbashi, A shopping district in Naniwa-ku, Osaka, Japan.

Nipponbashi (Osaka bridge), A bridge over the Dōtonbori canal in Naniwa-ku, Osaka, Japan.

Nipponbashi (Nakagawa bridge), A bridge over the Nakagawa River in Kazo, Saitama Prefecture, Japan


日本橋

日本橋 (canonical)
Himotobashi (romanization)

日(ひ) (hi) + 本(もと) (moto) + 橋(はし) (hashi, “bridge”). The hashi changes to bashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Himotobashi (Fukushima), A bridge over the Gohyaku River on the Asakano Bypass of the Japan National Route 4 highway in Koriyama & Hongu, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan


アンダルシア

Andalusia (an autonomous community of Spain)


北鮮

[ho̞kɯ̟sẽ̞ɴ]

(derogatory, post-WWII) Synonym of 北朝鮮 (Kita Chōsen, “North Korea”)


南鮮

(rare, post-WWII, now offensive) Synonym of 韓国 (Kankoku, “South Korea”)


オホーツク

→ Russian: Охо́цуку (Oxócuku)

Borrowed from Russian Охо́тск (Oxótsk), derived from Even окат (okat, “river”).

ja:オホーツク ja:オホーツク総合振興局

Okhotsk (an urban locality in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia)

Okhotsk (a subprefecture of Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


バターン

ja-pos

バターン • (Batān)

From Spanish Bataan, from Tagalog Bataan.

Bataan (a province of the Philippines; capital and largest city: Balanga)


糸島

Itoshima (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


新居浜

Niihama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


八幡浜

八幡浜 (canonical)
Yawatahama (romanization)

Yawatahama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


ラン

Laon (a city in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France, France)


マルヌ

マルヌ県

Marne (a department of Grand Est, France)

マルヌ川

Marne (a right tributary of the Seine, in the Grand Est, Hauts-de-France and Île-de-France regions, France)


アラビア半島

アラビア半島 (canonical)
Arabia Hantō (romanization)

From アラビア (Arabia, “Arabia”) + 半島 (hantō, “peninsula”).

af

Arabian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula#English

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Arabian Peninsula (a large peninsula in the Middle East, in the countries of Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen)


オマーン湾

オマーン湾 (canonical)
Omān-wan (romanization)

[o̞ma̠ːɰ̃ β̞ã̠ɴ]

From オマーン (Omān, “Oman”) + 湾 (wan, “bay, gulf”).

Gulf of Oman (the gulf that connects the Arabian Sea and the Strait of Hormuz)


サラーラ

[sa̠ɾa̠ːɾa̠]

Salalah (the capital and largest city of Dhofar Governorate, Oman)


フメリニツキー

[ɸɯ̟me̞ɾʲiɲ̟it͡sɨkʲiː]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Хмельни́цький (Xmelʹnýcʹkyj).

bor+

Хмельни́цький

フメリニツキー州

フメリニツキー地区 ― Fumerinitsukī-chiku ― Khmelnytskyi Raion

Khmelnytskyi (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


チェルカースィ

[t͡ɕe̞ɾɯ̟ka̠ːsʲi]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Черка́си (Čerkásy).

チェルカースィ州

チェルカースィ地区 ― Cherukāsi-chiku ― Cherkasy Raion

Cherkasy (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


チェルニーヒウ

[t͡ɕe̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟iːçiɯ̟]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Черні́гів (Černíhiv).

チェルニーヒウ州

チェルニーヒウ地区 ― Cherunīhiu-chiku ― Chernihiv Raion

Chernihiv (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


チェルニウツィー

[t͡ɕe̞ɾɯ̟ɲ̟iɯ̟t͡sʲiː]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Чернівці́ (Černivcí).

チェルニウツィー州

チェルニウツィー地区 ― Cheruniutsī-chiku ― Chernivtsi Raion

Chernivtsi (a city, a raion, an oblast of Ukraine)


標津

Shibetsu (a town in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


ジャガタラ

[d͡ʑa̠ɡa̠ta̠ɾa̠]

From Portuguese Jacatra or Dutch Djakarta. Ultimately a corruption of Indonesian Jakarta, from Sanskrit जयकर्ता (jayakartā, “that which causes victory”). Doublet of ジャカルタ.

der

ジャガタラ文

(historical) Former name of Jakarta, used during the Dutch East Indies period; Jacatra; Batavia.


王舍城

ja-pos

王(おう)舍(しゃ)城(じょう) • (Ōshajō)

[o̞ːɕa̠ʑo̞ː]

Rajgir (a historical town in Nalanda district, Bihar, India)


ワ州

2015, Minetoshi Yasuda, Koji Takahashi, “The study of The basic law of the Wa state A way to make a comparative study of Chinese law─(1) General rules”, in 多摩大学研究紀要「経営情報研究」, volume 19, page 72:

なお紙幅の都合で本稿ではワ州基本法のうち全体構造と「総則」部分のみを対象とする。

Nao shifuku no tsugō de honkō de wa Wa-shū Kihonhō no uchi zentai kōzō to “sōsoku” bubun nomi o taishō to suru.

Due to space constraints, this article will only cover the overall structure and "general provisions" section of the Wa State Organic Law.

autonomous region
autonomous region#English

Wa State (unrecognized state/autonomous region in Myanmar)


レプラコーン

[ɾe̞pɯ̟ɾa̠kõ̞ːɴ]

Borrowed from English leprechaun, from Irish leipreachán.


シュトゥットガルト

[ɕɨtɯ̟t̚to̞ɡa̠ɾɯ̟to̞]

Stuttgart (the largest city and state capital of Baden-Württemberg, Germany)


ニューカッスル

[ɲ̟ɨːka̠sːɨɾɯ̟]

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Newcastle (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)

Newcastle (a large city in New South Wales, Australia, situated at the mouth of the Hunter River)

Newcastle (a large city in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)

Newcastle (a large market town in Staffordshire, England)


ニューカッスル・アポン・タイン

^ニューカッスル・アポン・^タイン

ニューカッスル・アポン・タイン • (Nyūkassuru apon Tain)

[ɲ̟ɨːka̠sːɨɾɯ̟ a̠po̞n ta̠ĩɴ]

Borrowed from English Newcastle upon Tyne.

bor+

Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne#English:_Q1425428

Newcastle upon Tyne (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)


グウィネズ

[ɡɯ̟β̞ine̞zɨ]

Borrowed from English Gwynedd, from Welsh Gwynedd.

Gwynedd (a historical kingdom of Wales, in the north of the country)

Gwynedd (a county of Wales, in the north-west of the country)


ハガッニャ

[ha̠ɡa̠ʔɲ̟a̠]

Borrowed from English Hagåtña, from Chamorro Hagåtña.

Hagåtña (the capital of Guam, a United States island territory)


ヴィーンヌィツャ

[bʲĩːnᵝːit͡sʲa̠]

Borrowed from Ukrainian Ві́нниця (Vínnycja).


ルブヌィ

Lubny (a city in Poltava Oblast, Ukraine)


道民

道民 (canonical)
dōmin (romanization)
daumin (romanization)
だうみん (hiragana historical)


道外

ja-noun

道(どう)外(がい) • (dōgai) ^(←だうぐわい (daugwai)?)

道外 (canonical)
dōgai (romanization)
daugwai (romanization)
だうぐわい (hiragana historical)

outside of Hokkaidō; mainland Japan (from a Hokkaidō perspective)


ミェイク

Myeik (a city in southern Myanmar, formerly known as Mergui)


リェイダ

Lleida (the capital city of the province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


キェルツェ

[kʲe̞ɾɯ̟t͡se̞]

Kielce (a city in central Poland, the capital of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship)


ゲギェ県

ゲギェ県 (canonical)
Gegye-ken (romanization)

[ɡe̞ɡʲe̞kẽ̞ɴ]

Partial calque of Tibetan དགེ་རྒྱས་རྫོང (dge rgyas rdzong).

pcal

དགེ་རྒྱས་རྫོང

Gê'gyai (a county of Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


川頭

川頭 (canonical)
Kawagashira (romanization)

[ka̠β̞a̠ɡa̠ɕiɾa̠]

A neighborhood and former village in Katori, Chiba Prefecture, Japan.


糸数

A neighborhood of Nanjō, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.


稲数

A former village in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.


嘉数

A neighborhood of Ginowan, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.

A neighborhood of Tomigusuku, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.


賀数

A neighborhood of Itoman, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.


胆振

Iburi Province, an old province of Japan


後志

後志 (canonical)
Shiribeshi (romanization)

Shiribeshi Province, an old province of Japan


天塩

Teshio Province, an old province of Japan


フィリピン海

フィリピン海 (canonical)
Firipin-Kai (romanization)

From フィリピン (Firipin, “Phillipines”) + 海 (kai, “sea”).


尖閣諸島

尖閣諸島 (canonical)
Senkaku Shotō (romanization)

[sẽ̞ŋka̠kɯ̟̊ ɕo̞to̞ː]


車麩

[kɯ̟ɾɯ̟ma̠ɸɯ̟]

wheat gluten, wrapped around a rod and grilled over an open flame, then cut in ring-shaped slices (specialty of the prefectures Okinawa, Ishikawa, Niigata)


鹿せんべい

鹿せんべい (canonical)
shika senbei (romanization)

Compound of 鹿(しか) (shika, “deer”) + 煎(せん)餅(べい) (senbei, “rice cracker”).

ja-com

a type of animal feed used by tourists in Nara to feed deer


シッキム

[ɕi̥k̚ʲkʲimɯ̟]

(historical) Sikkim (A country in South Asia that existed from the 17th century until its annexation by India in 1975)


第一列島線

ja-pos

だいいち れっとう せん

第(だい)一(いち)列(れっ)島(とう)線(せん) • (Daīchi Rettō Sen)

第一列島線 (canonical)
Daīchi Rettō Sen (romanization)

[da̠iːt͡ɕi ɾe̞t̚to̞ː sẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 第(だい)一(いち) (daīchi, “first”) + 列(れっ)島(とう) (rettō, “islands”) + 線(せん) (sen, “line”).


第二列島線

ja-pos

第(だい)二(に)列(れっ)島(とう)線(せん) • (Daini Rettō Sen)

第二列島線 (canonical)
Daini Rettō Sen (romanization)

[da̠iɲ̟i ɾe̞t̚to̞ː sẽ̞ɴ]

Compound of 第(だい)二(に) (daini, “second”) + 列(れっ)島(とう) (rettō, “islands”) + 線(せん) (sen, “line”).


フォートコリンズ

[ɸo̞ːto̞ ko̞ɾʲĩnd͡zɨ]

Fort Collins (a city, the county seat of Larimer County, Colorado)


マキラ島

マキラ島 (canonical)
Makiratō (romanization)

Makira (an island in the Solomon Islands)


米所

米所 (canonical)
komedokoro (romanization)

From 米(こめ) (kome) + 所(ところ) (tokoro). The tokoro changes to dokoro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


中世ジャップランド

ja-noun

ちゅうせい ジャップランド

中世ジャップランド (canonical)
chūsei jappurando (romanization)

中世 (chūsei, “Middle Ages, feudal, medieval”) + ジャップランド (Jappurando, “Japland, Japan”). Coined in 2chan servers.

com

(ethnic slur or self-deprecatory, derogatory, Internet slang, 2channel slang) "feudal Japland", "medieval Japland"; Japan

ethnic slur or self-deprecatory; 2channel slang; ethnic slur or self-deprecatory; 2channel slang

similar view condemning overworking in South Korean society


長瀞

Nagatoro (a town in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)