アイスプラント

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, an edible prostrate succulent plant, the common ice plant, crystalline iceplant, or ice plant.


サボテン

サボテン (canonical)
さぼてん (canonical)
saboten (romanization)

Unknown. Perhaps from Portuguese sabão (“soap”), possibly suffixed with 手 (te, “hand; helper; means of an action”), as cactus stems were used by the Portuguese to remove stains. If this derivation is correct, this would represent a sound shift of sabon te → saboten.
The kanji are orthographic borrowing from Chinese 仙人掌 (xiānrénzhǎng) and Chinese 霸王樹／霸王树 (bàwángshù).
First cited to around 1764 as 仙人掌.

obor

ウチワサボテン

opuntia, prickly pear (literally, “hand-fan cactus”)

1986, Nakanishi Yasuo, Taniku shokubutsu [Succulent plants], page 98:

Many people say, “These are cactus, right.” Of course, the word cactus has been known for a long time, and succulent plants may be new to your ears. They are called both cactus and succulents.

「これはサボテンでしょう」と言われることが多い。確かにサボテンのほうが昔からよく知られ、多肉植物という名は耳新しく聞こえるかも知れない。サボテンと多肉植物と言い方がある。

多肉植物 たにくしょくぶつ

多肉植物 たにくしょくぶつ

“Kore wa saboten deshō” to iwareru koto ga ōi. Tashikani saboten no hō ga mukashi kara yoku shirare, taniku shokubutsu to iu mei wa mimi atarashiku kikoeru kamoshirenai. Saboten to taniku shokubutsu to ii kata ga aru.


ドラゴンフルーツ

[do̞ɾa̠ɡo̞ɰ̃ ɸɯ̟ɾɯ̟ːt͡sɨ]


アスパラガス

[a̠sɨ̥pa̠ɾa̠ɡa̠sɨ]

Borrowed from English asparagus, from Medieval Latin asparagus.


黄精

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine) rhizomes of Polygonatum, used as medicine


風信子

風信子 (canonical)
風信子 (canonical)
hiyashinsu (romanization)


鈴蘭

Compound of 鈴(すず) (suzu, “bell”) + 蘭(ラン) (ran, “orchid”).


烏羽玉

Shift from 射干玉 (nubatama, ubatama), with the initial n- or m- dropping off.
The 烏羽 part, normally read as karasuba, literally “crow wings”, is compared to the color of the seed.

Iris domestica
Iris domestica#Translingual

the seed of blackberry lily, Iris domestica, notable for being jet-black


甘菜

甘菜 (canonical)
甘菜 (canonical)
amana (romanization)

Synonym of 萱草 (kanzō, “orange day-lily, Hemerocallis fulva”)

萱草

Polygonatum odoratum
Polygonatum odoratum#Translingual

(archaic) Synonym of 甘野老 (amadokoro, “scented Solomon's seal, Polygonatum odoratum”)

甘野老

(archaic) Synonym of 麻黄 (maō, “plants of genus Ephedra”)

(archaic) Synonym of 舟腹草 (funabarasou, “Vincetoxicum atratum”)

(archaic) Synonym of 鳴子百合 (narukoyuri, “Polygonatum falcatum”)


夜来香

夜来香 (canonical)
ieraishan (romanization)

[ie̞ɾa̠iɕã̠ɴ]

zh-l

夜來香／夜来香 (yèláixiāng)

あわれ春風に 嘆くうぐいすよ
つきぬ思い出の 花は夜来香 恋の夜来香
aware harukaze ni nageku uguisu yo

1950, “Tuberose”, Takao Saeki (lyrics), Li Jinguang (music), performed by Yoshiko Yamaguchi

The depressing spring wind brings the warbler[’s song of] lament.
The flower of neverending memories [and] longing is the tuberose.

tsukinu omoide no hana wa ieraishan koi no ieraishan

(informal) Synonym of 月下香 (gekkakō): the tuberose, Polianthes tuberosa


葉蘭

葉蘭 (canonical)
葉蘭 (canonical)
haran (romanization)


馬蘭

Synonym of 葉蘭 (haran, “cast-iron plant”) (Aspidistra elatior)


擬宝珠

擬宝珠 (canonical)
擬宝珠 (canonical)
gibōshi (romanization)

ja:ギボウシ ja:擬宝珠


藪蘭

藪蘭 (canonical)
藪蘭 (canonical)
yaburan (romanization)

Literally, “thicket orchid”, compound of 藪(やぶ) (yabu, “grove, thicket”) + 蘭(らん) (ran, “orchid”)


竜舌蘭

ja-noun

竜(りゅう)舌(ぜつ)蘭(らん) or 竜舌蘭(リュウゼツラン) • (ryūzetsuran)

竜舌蘭 (canonical)
竜舌蘭 (canonical)
ryūzetsuran (romanization)

[ɾʲɨːze̞t͡sɨɾã̠ɴ]

Compound of 竜(りゅう) (ryū, “dragon”) + 舌(ぜつ) (zetsu, “tongue”) + 蘭(らん) (ran, “orchid”).


甘野老

ja-noun

甘(あま)野老(どころ) or 甘野老(アマドコロ) • (amadokoro)

甘野老 (canonical)
甘野老 (canonical)
amadokoro (romanization)

Literally, “sweet wild yam”, compound of 甘(あま) (ama, “sweet”) + 野老(ところ) (tokoro, “wild yam”)

ja-compound

scented Solomon's seal, Polygonatum odoratum, specifically var. pluriflorum


鳴子百合

ja-noun

鳴(なる)子(こ)百合(ゆり) or 鳴子百合(ナルコユリ) • (narukoyuri)

鳴子百合 (canonical)
鳴子百合 (canonical)
narukoyuri (romanization)

[na̠ɾɯ̟ko̞jɯ̟ɾʲi]

Literally, “clapper lily”, compound of 鳴子(なるこ) (naruko, “clapper”) + 百合(ゆり) (yuri, “lily”)

ja-compound

Polygonatum falcatum, a species of Solomon's seal


蔓菜

蔓菜 (canonical)
蔓菜 (canonical)
tsuruna (romanization)

[t͡sɨɾɯ̟na̠]

Literally, “vine greens”, 蔓(つる) (tsuru, “vine”) + 菜(な) (na, “greens”)

New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides)


滑莧

滑莧 (canonical)
滑莧 (canonical)
suberihiyu (romanization)

Literally, “slipping amaranth”, 滑(すべ)り (suberi, “sliding, slipping”) + 莧(ひゆ) (hiyu, “amaranth”)

Portulaca oleracea
Portulaca oleracea#Translingual


蛇の髭

ja-noun

蛇(じゃ)の髭(ひげ) or 蛇(ジャ)の髭(ヒゲ) • (ja no hige)

蛇の髭 (canonical)
蛇の髭 (canonical)
ja no hige (romanization)

Literally, “serpent's moustache”, 蛇(じゃ) (ja) + の (no, possessive particle) + 髭(ひげ) (hige, “moustache”)


竜の髭

竜の髭 (canonical)
ryū no hige (romanization)

[ɾʲɨː no̞ çiɡe̞]

Literally, “dragon's moustache”, 竜(りゅう) (ryū, “dragon”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 髭(ひげ) (hige, “moustache”)

Synonym of 蛇の髭 (ja no hige, “lilyturf, Ophiopogon japonicus”)


麒麟草

ja-noun

麒(き)麟(りん)草(そう) or 麒麟草(キリンソウ) • (kirinsō) ^(←きりんさう (kirinsau)?)

麒麟草 (canonical)
麒麟草 (canonical)
kirinsō (romanization)
kirinsau (romanization)
きりんさう (hiragana historical)

[kʲiɾʲĩɰ̃so̞ː]

Literally, “qilin grass”, 麒麟(きりん) (kirin, “qilin”) + 草(そう) (sō, “grass, plant”)


弁慶草

ja-noun

弁(べん)慶(けい)草(そう) or 弁慶草(ベンケイソウ) • (benkeisō) ^(←べんけいさう (benkeisau)?)

弁慶草 (canonical)
弁慶草 (canonical)
benkeisō (romanization)
benkeisau (romanization)
べんけいさう (hiragana historical)

[bẽ̞ŋke̞ːso̞ː]

Literally, “Benkei grass”, 弁慶(べんけい) (Benkei, “Benkei”) + 草(そう) (sō, “grass, plant”)

ja-compound

garden stonecrop, Hylotelephium erythrostictum

浜弁慶草

浜弁慶草 ハマベンケイソウ


舞鶴草

ja-noun

舞(まい)鶴(づる)草(そう) or 舞鶴草(マイヅルソウ) • (maizurusō)

舞鶴草 (canonical)
舞鶴草 (canonical)
maizurusō (romanization)

Literally, “dancing crane plant”, 舞鶴(まいづる) (maizuru, “dancing crane”) + 草(そう) (sō, “grass, plant”)


笑草

ja-noun

笑(えみ)草(ぐさ) • (emigusa) ^(←ゑみぐさ (wemigusa)?)

笑草 (canonical)
emigusa (romanization)
wemigusa (romanization)
ゑみぐさ (hiragana historical)

Literally, “smiling grass”, 笑(え)み (emi, “smile, smiling”) + 草(くさ) (kusa, “grass plant”). The kusa changes to gusa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

Synonym of 甘野老 (amadokoro, “scented Solomon's seal, Polygonatum odoratum, specifically var. pluriflorum”)

甘野老

Synonym of 鳴子百合 (naruko yuri, “Polygonatum falcatum, a species of Solomon's seal”)

鳴子百合

Synonym of 牡丹蔓 (botan-zuru, “Clematis apiifolia”)

Synonym of 竜胆 (rindō, “Gentiana scabra var. buergeri”)


蔓穂

蔓穂 (canonical)
蔓穂 (canonical)
tsurubo (romanization)

[t͡sɨɾɯ̟bo̞]

Literally, “vine ear of grain”, 蔓(つる) (tsuru, “vine”) + 穂(ほ) (ho, “ear of grain”). The ho changes to bo as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


梛筏

梛筏 (canonical)
梛筏 (canonical)
nagīkada (romanization)

Ruscus aculeatus
Ruscus aculeatus#Translingual


松葉菊

ja-noun

松(まつ)葉(ば)菊(ぎく) or 松葉菊(マツバギク) • (matsubagiku)

松葉菊 (canonical)
松葉菊 (canonical)
matsubagiku (romanization)

Literally, “pine needle chrysanthemum”, 松葉(まつば) (matsuba, “pine needle”) + 菊(きく) (kiku, “chrysanthemum”). The kiku changes to giku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

Lampranthus spectabilis, a species of trailing iceplant


月下香

ja-noun

月(げっ)下(か)香(こう) or 月下香(ゲッカコウ) • (gekkakō)

月下香 (canonical)
月下香 (canonical)
gekkakō (romanization)


吉祥草

吉(きち)祥(じょう)草(そう) or 吉祥草(キチジョウソウ) • (kichijōsō)

吉祥草 (canonical)
吉祥草 (canonical)
kichijōsō (romanization)

吉祥(きちじょう) (kichijō, “good omen”) + 草(そう) (sō, “grass, plant”)


万年青

ja-noun

万年青(おもと) or 万年青(オモト) • (omoto)

万年青 (canonical)
万年青 (canonical)
omoto (romanization)


万年青

万年青 (canonical)
mannensei (romanization)

Synonym of 万年青 (omoto, “Japanese sacred lily, Rohdea japonica”)