松

松 (canonical)
matsu (romanization)
matu (romanization)
まつ (hiragana historical)

Kojiki
Kyūjitai
Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinjitai
Tōkyō
Ōsaka

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Kojiki of 712 and the Man'yōshū of 759. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *matu.
Various theories exist regarding its ultimate origin:
* Might be a shift from 保つ (tamotsu, “to hold”). However, the accent of 保つ (tamotsu) in the Heian period is HHL, while 松 (matsu) is LH. It can be better derived from 持つ (motsu, “to hold, to carry”), which has LF accent in the Heian period.
* Might be from 待つ (matsu, “to wait”), either from the way that a pine tree must wait for leaves to fall to grow new ones, or from the way that it lasts ten thousand years and preserves its color. The accent of 待つ (matsu) is LF.
* Possibly derived from 全く (mataku, “entirely”), from 全い (matai, “complete”), because it spends its time in the snow for winter. However, the classical term 全し (matasi) is HHF in the Heian period.
* From 睫毛 (matsuge, “eyelashes”), since their leaves represent such. However, it requires deletion of the -ge, and matsuge is certainly from 目 (ma-, “eye”).
* From 真常木 (matonoki, “true eternal tree”), as the pine tree is an evergreen tree.
* From a place name 松のむらたち (MATSU no muratachi), as opposed to muratatsu.
* From 芽厚 (meatsu, literally “bud (that feels) hot”).
* From 纏わる (matsuwaru, “get wrapped around”), as the leaves are around the trunk.
* From 真 (ma-, “true”) + つ (tsu, abbreviation of 約まる (tsuzumaru, “to shrink”)).
* From 間千 (machi, literally “space (of) thousands”).
* A shift from 股 (mata, “crouch”), as the pine tree leaves split into two.


椎茸

ja-noun

椎(しい)茸(たけ) or 椎茸(シイタケ) • (shītake) ^(←しひたけ (sifitake) or シヒタケ (sifitake)?)

椎茸 (canonical)
椎茸 (canonical)
shītake (romanization)
sifitake (romanization)
しひたけ (hiragana historical)
シヒタケ (hiragana historical)

→ English: shiitake

Compound of 椎 (shī, “shii or chinquapin tree”) + 茸 (take, “mushroom”), as the mushroom is typically found on logs from the shii or chinquapin tree.
First cited to 1419.

com

Lentinula edodes
Lentinula edodes#Translingual

shiitake, a type of edible mushroom (Lentinula edodes)

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shiitake
ja:シイタケ


木耳

木耳 (canonical)
木耳 (canonical)
kikurage (romanization)

[kʲikɯ̟ɾa̠ɡe̞]

Compound of 木(き) (ki, “tree”) + 水母(くらげ) (kurage, “jellyfish”). The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), either from the fungus's shape or from Chinese.

ja-compound

Auricularia auricula-judae
Auricularia auricula-judae#Translingual

wood ear, jelly ear, Jew's ear (Auricularia auricula-judae)


占地

ja-noun

占(しめ)地(じ) or 占地(シメジ) • (shimeji) ^(←しめぢ (simedi)?)

占地 (canonical)
占地 (canonical)
shimeji (romanization)
simedi (romanization)
しめぢ (hiragana historical)


湿地

湿地 (canonical)
shimeji (romanization)
simedi (romanization)
しめぢ (hiragana historical)

Alternative spelling of 占地 (shimeji, “Shimeji mushroom”)


網笠茸

網笠茸(あみがさだけ) or 網笠茸(アミガサダケ) • (amigasadake)

網笠茸 (canonical)
網笠茸 (canonical)
amigasadake (romanization)

網笠(あみがさ) (amigasa, “woven hat”) + 茸(たけ) (take, “mushroom”)

ja-compound

morel, Morchella esculenta var. esculenta


松茸

松茸 (canonical)
松茸 (canonical)
matsutake (romanization)

Compound of 松 (matsu, “pine”) + 茸 (take, “mushroom”), as it grows under trees (particularly, but not exclusively, pine trees).


榎茸

ja-noun

榎(えのき)茸(たけ) or 榎茸(えのきだけ) • (enokitake or enokidake)

榎茸 (canonical)
榎茸 (canonical)
enokitake (romanization)
enokidake (romanization)

Compound of 榎 (enoki, “Chinese hackberry tree”) + 茸 (take, “mushroom”), as this mushroom can often be found growing on the Chinese hackberry tree.

compound

an edible mushroom, the velvet shank or enokitake: Flammulina velutipes


鹿茸

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine) velvet antler, used in medicine


霊芝

Ganoderma lucidum
Ganoderma lucidum#Translingual

Ganoderma lucidum, lingzhi, reishi, a type of mushroom


エリンギ

From Italian eryngi (“Pleurotus eryngii”).

Pleurotus eryngii
Pleurotus eryngii#Translingual


芝草

ja-noun

芝(しば)草(くさ) • (shibakusa) ^(←しばくさ (sibakusa)?)

芝草 (canonical)
shibakusa (romanization)
sibakusa (romanization)
しばくさ (hiragana historical)

1918, 室生犀星, “秋思”, in 抒情小曲集秋思, 青空文庫:

わがこのごろのうれひは
ふるさとの公園のくれがたを歩む
芝草はあつきびろうど
いろふかぶかと空もまがへり

waga konogoro no urei wa
furusato no kōen no kuregata o ayumu
shibakusa wa atsuki birōdo
iro fukabuka to sora mo magaeri


芝草

ja-pos

芝(しば)草(くさ) • (Shibakusa) ^(←しばくさ (Sibakusa)?)

芝草 (canonical)
Shibakusa (romanization)
Sibakusa (romanization)
しばくさ (hiragana historical)


芝草

芝草 (canonical)
shisō (romanization)
sisau (romanization)
しさう (hiragana historical)


松露

ja-noun

松(しょう)露(ろ) or 松露(ショウロ) • (shōro)

松露 (canonical)
松露 (canonical)
shōro (romanization)

西洋松露

西洋松露 セイヨウショウロ


冬子

Probably cognate with Mandarin 冬菇 (dōnggū, “winter mushroom”). The final 子 appears to be ateji for 菇, as the latter is not used very much in Japanese.

a type of shiitake mushroom grown during the winter


滑茸

滑茸 (canonical)
滑茸 (canonical)
nametake (romanization)

Compound of 滑(なめ) (name, “slippery”) + 茸(たけ) (take, “mushroom”), from the viscosity on the surface.


西洋松露

ja-noun

西(せい)洋(よう)松(しょう)露(ろ) or 西洋松露(セイヨウショウロ) • (seiyōshōro)

西洋松露 (canonical)
西洋松露 (canonical)
seiyōshōro (romanization)

[se̞ːjo̞ː ɕo̞ːɾo̞]

Literally, “Western”, 西洋(せいよう) (seiyō, “Western”) + 松露(しょろ) (shoro, “shōro”)


舞茸

ja-noun

舞(まい)茸(たけ) or 舞茸(マイタケ) • (maitake) ^(←まひたけ (mafitake)?)

舞茸 (canonical)
舞茸 (canonical)
maitake (romanization)
mafitake (romanization)
まひたけ (hiragana historical)

Compound of 舞 (mai, “dancing”) + 茸 (take, “mushroom”).


マッシュルーム

[ma̠ɕːɨɾɯ̟ːmɯ̟]

Agaricus bisporus
Agaricus bisporus#Translingual


作り茸

ja-noun

作(つく)り茸(たけ) or 作(ツク)り茸(タケ) • (tsukuritake)

作り茸 (canonical)
作り茸 (canonical)
tsukuritake (romanization)

Compound of 作り (tsukuri, “making, producing, manufacturing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 作る tsukuru, “to make, to produce, to manufacture”) + 茸 (take, “mushroom”).

compound

the <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 作る tsukuru, “to make, to produce, to manufacture”


鱒茸

鱒茸 (canonical)
鱒茸 (canonical)
masutake (romanization)

Compound of 鱒 (masu, “trout”) + 茸 (take, “mushroom”).


香蕈

ja-noun

香(こう)蕈(たけ) • (kōtake) ^(←かうたけ (kautake)?)

香蕈 (canonical)
kōtake (romanization)
kautake (romanization)
かうたけ (hiragana historical)

Synonym of 椎茸 (“shiitake”): a type of edible mushroom (Lentinula edodes)


滑子

滑子 (canonical)
滑子 (canonical)
nameko (romanization)


栗茸

栗茸 (canonical)
栗茸 (canonical)
kuritake (romanization)

chestnut mushroom, brick cap, Hypholoma lateritium; a mushroom species endemic to Europe, Asia, and North America


苦栗茸

苦(にが)栗(くり)茸(たけ) or 苦栗茸(ニガクリタケ) • (nigakuritake)

苦栗茸 (canonical)
苦栗茸 (canonical)
nigakuritake (romanization)

[ɲ̟iɡa̠kɯ̟ɾʲita̠ke̞]

Literally, “bitter chestnut mushroom”, 苦(にが) (niga, “bitter, painful”) + 栗茸(くりたけ) (kuritake, “chestnut mushroom”)

ja-compound

sulphur tuft, Hypholoma fasciculare; a poisonous mushroom species endemic to Europe, Asia, and North America


萌黄茸

ja-noun

萌(もえ)黄(ぎ)茸(たけ) or 萌黄茸(モエギタケ) • (moegitake)

萌黄茸 (canonical)
萌黄茸 (canonical)
moegitake (romanization)

1983, Nanba Tsuneo, Mikage Masayuki, Doku no aru shokubutsu [Poisonous plants], page 54:

Sulphur tuft. Strophariacea family
This small greenish yellow mushroom, if ingested, has a bitter taste.

ニガクリタケ モエギタケ科
緑がかった黄色の小さなキノコで、食べると苦味があります。

Nigakuritake moegitake ka
Midori gakatta kīro no chīsana kinoko de, taberu to nigami ga arimasu.

Strophariaceae, a taxonomic family of mushrooms


原茸

原茸 (canonical)
原茸 (canonical)
haratake (romanization)

Agaricus campestris
Agaricus campestris#Translingual


鬼燻

鬼燻 (canonical)
鬼燻 (canonical)
onifusube (romanization)

[o̞ɲ̟iɸɯ̟sɨbe̞]

馬勃 一名馬疕_(楊玄操、音疋婢反)一名馬𥧔勃_(仁諝、音疋二反、下部出気也)一名馬介_(出兼名苑)一名馬介 一名馬蘭_(已上、出雑要決)和名於尔布須倍

c. 918, 深根輔仁 [Fukane Sukehito], 本草和名 [Japanese Names of Herbs, Honzō Wamyō]:

Calvatia nipponica, a type of mushroom belonging to the Agaricaceae family


白大原茸

白大原茸 (canonical)
shiroōharatake (romanization)

白 (shiro, “white”) + 大 (ō, “big”) + 原茸 (haratake, “meadow mushroom”).


マジックマッシュルーム

ja-noun

マジック マッシュルーム

[ma̠ʑik̚kɯ̟ ma̠ɕːɨɾɯ̟ːmɯ̟]

ja:マジックマッシュルーム


狐の茶袋

狐(きつね)の茶(ちゃ)袋(ぶくろ) • (kitsune no chabukuro)

狐の茶袋 (canonical)
kitsune no chabukuro (romanization)

Literally, “fox's tea bag”, 狐(きつね) (kitsune, “fox”) + の (no, “possessive particle”) + 茶袋(ちゃぶくろ) (chabukuro, “tea bag”)

ja-compound

ja:キツネのチャブクロ

Synonym of 紫華鬘 (murasaki-keman, “incised fumewort Corydalis incisa”)


狐の絵筆

ja-noun

狐(きつね)の絵(え)筆(ふで) or 狐(キツネ)の絵筆(エフデ) • (kitsune no efude) ^(←きつねのゑふで (kitune no wefude)?)

狐の絵筆 (canonical)
狐の絵筆 (canonical)
kitsune no efude (romanization)
kitune no wefude (romanization)
きつねのゑふで (hiragana historical)

Literally, “fox's paintbrush”, 狐(きつね) (kitsune, “fox”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 絵筆(えふで) (efude, “paintbrush”).


狸の茶袋

ja-noun

狸(たぬき)の茶(ちゃ)袋(ぶくろ) or 狸(タヌキ)の茶袋(チャブクロ) • (tanuki no chabukuro)

狸の茶袋 (canonical)
狸の茶袋 (canonical)
tanuki no chabukuro (romanization)

[ta̠nɯ̟kʲi no̞ t͡ɕa̠bɯ̟kɯ̟ɾo̞]

Literally, “tanuki's tea bag”, 狸(たぬき) (tanuki, “racoon-dog”) + の (no, “possessive particle”) + 茶袋(ちゃぶくろ) (chabukuro, “tea bag”)

ja-compound

pear shaped puffball, Lycoperdon pyriforme


狐の提灯

ja-noun

狐(きつね)の提(ちょう)灯(ちん) • (kitsune no chōchin)

狐の提灯 (canonical)
kitsune no chōchin (romanization)

[kʲit͡sɨne̞ no̞ t͡ɕo̞ːt͡ɕĩɴ]

Literally, “fox's lantern”, 狐(きつね) (kitsune, “fox”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 提灯(ちょうちん) (chōchin, “lantern”)

ja-compound

Synonym of 宝鐸草 (hōchaku-sō, “Disporum sessile”)


天狗茸

ja-noun

天(てん)狗(ぐ)茸(たけ) or 天狗茸(テングタケ) • (tengutake)

天狗茸 (canonical)
天狗茸 (canonical)
tengutake (romanization)

[tẽ̞ŋɡɯ̟ta̠ke̞]

Literally, “tengu mushroom”, 天狗(てんぐ) (tengu, “long-nosed mountain goblin”) + 茸(たけ) (take, “mushroom”)

ja-compound

Amanita pantherina
Amanita pantherina#Translingual

疣天狗茸

疣天狗茸 いぼてんぐうたけ

紅天狗茸

紅天狗茸 べにてんぐたけ


鼈茸

ja-noun

鼈(すっぽん)茸(たけ) or 鼈茸(スッポンタケ) • (suppontake)

鼈茸 (canonical)
鼈茸 (canonical)
suppontake (romanization)

Literally, “turtle mushroom”, 鼈(すっぽん) (suppon, “softshell turtle”) + 茸(たけ) (take, “mushroom”)


臼茸

臼茸 (canonical)
臼茸 (canonical)
usutake (romanization)

Literally, “mortar mushroom”, 臼(うす) (usu, “mortar”) + 茸(たけ) (take, “mushroom”)

shaggy chanterelle, Turbinellus floccosus


茶碗茸

茶碗茸 (canonical)
chawantake (romanization)

[t͡ɕa̠β̞ã̠nta̠ke̞]

Literally, “tea bowl mushroom”, 茶碗(ちゃわん) (chawan, “teacup, rice bowl”) + 茸(たけ) (take, “mushroom”)

cup fungus, a general term for fungi in the family Pezizaceae

黒茶碗茸

黒茶碗茸 クロチャワンタケ


革茸

(archaic) Synonym of 革茸 (kōtake, “Sarcodon aspratus, a species of edible mushroom”)