塒

Compound of 寝(ね) (ne) + 座(くら) (kura). The kura changes to gura as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


雁

雁 (canonical)
雁 (canonical)
gan (romanization)

From Middle Chinese 雁 (ngænᴴ, “wild goose”).

四十雀雁

四十雀雁 シジュウカラガン


雁

Said to be from the cry of a wild goose.

corona

circumference of the base of the glans penis in human males


鳧

鳧 (canonical)
鳧 (canonical)
keri (romanization)


鳧

鳧 (canonical)
鳧 (canonical)
kamo (romanization)

Alternative spelling of 鴨 (kamo, “duck”)


鴨

鴨 (canonical)
鴨 (canonical)
kamo (romanization)

Unknown. Possibly alteration of Old Japanese 浮かむ (ukamu, “to float”), modern 浮かぶ (ukabu). Alternatively, may derive from Middle Chinese 雁 (MC ngaenH, “a type of wild goose”), borrowed with the kan'on reading gan, with initial g changing to k due to the avoidance of voiced stops at the start of Japanese words in older times, and final n changing to mu due to apparent lack of final n in Old Japanese.

(slang) (from the way ducks return to the same place and are thus easy to hunt) a mark or easy target for a swindle, someone who is likely to lose at gambling or other competition

(slang) (from the good flavor of duck meat) short for 鴨の味 (kamo no aji, “duck flavor”): a very good flavor; by extension, any remarkably good sensation or feeling, particularly describing happy married life

(slang) (from the uniform of black clothing) short for 黒鴨 (kurogamo, “black duck”): a male servant, such as a butler or chauffeur (compare English penguin)


鴨

Rare alternative spelling for 家鴨 (ahiru). See that entry for fuller details.

Anas platyrhynchos
Anas platyrhynchos#Translingual

(rare) alternative spelling of 家鴨: a domestic duck, Anas platyrhynchos var. domesticus, descended from the mallard


鶏

黄鶏: a Japanese native species of chicken with dark reddish-brown feathers


鶏

ja-noun

鶏(にわとり) or 鶏(ニワトリ) • (niwatori) ^(←にはとり (nifatori)?)

鶏 (canonical)
鶏 (canonical)
niwatori (romanization)
nifatori (romanization)
にはとり (hiragana historical)

鶏を割くに焉んぞ牛刀を用いん

niwatori o saku ni izukun zo gyūtō o mochiin

why chop a chicken with a meat cleaver? → don't exaggerate

[ɲ̟iβ̞a̠to̞ɾʲi]

⟨nipa tu to₂ri⟩ → */nipatːəri/ → /nifatori/ → /niwatori/
Originally derived from the 枕詞 (makura kotoba, “pillow word”, an epithet as a poetic device) compound phrase 庭つ鳥 (niwa tsu tori), 庭 (niwa, “garden”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”), used in Old Japanese poetry as an allusive introduction to kake, the older word for “chicken” (see below). The medial tsu disappeared over time, yielding modern Japanese niwatori.

compound

Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus#Translingual

a domesticated chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)


鶏

⟨kake₁⟩ → */kakʲe/ → /kake/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
Onomatopoeic of the sound made by a chicken. Compare English cluck.

… 爾波都登理 迦祁波那久 …


鶏

First attested in The Tales of Ise.
Etymological details
This word has also been spelled as くだかけ (kudakake). This word must have been a compound of くた (kuta/kuda) + 鶏 (kake, “chicken; rooster”).
However, the initial kuta-/kuda- portion has been subject to debate. Several sources have attempted to give an etymology:
# The Hikobae of 1847 and the Daigenkai derive kuta- as a word meaning 'stinky'.
# The Kita-no-bezuihitsu, Meigentsū, and the Minakata-Kumakusu derive this from 百済鶏 (kudara-kake, literally “Baekje chicken”), saying that the chicken was imported from there.
# The Wakun-no-Shiori derives kuta as an eastern word for "house". The same source also supposes a Sanskrit origin, transcribed as kukutaeshira, and also supposes it was derived from 管掛 (kuda-kake) from the way it has a good voice.
# The Honchō Jigen derives this from kudo-kake, where kudo- means 'a passing sound' and -kake means 'to put on'.
# The Myōgoki derives kuda- from 数連 (kazutsura), while -kake is an onomatopoeic sound.
The third etymology is the most likely, as this note appears in several manuscripts of The Tales of Ise, and Vovin (2021) identifies kuda- with Ainu コタン (kotan, “village”) (cf. English village and villa). He also identifies the poem in The Tales of Ise as being a hybrid Japanese-Ainu poem.


鶏

Alternative spelling of 鳥 (tori): a chicken (domesticated fowl); chicken meat


七面鳥

ja-noun

七(しち)面(めん)鳥(ちょう) or 七面鳥(シチメンチョウ) • (shichimenchō) ^(←しちめんてう (sitimenteu) or シチメンテウ (sitimenteu)?)

七面鳥 (canonical)
七面鳥 (canonical)
shichimenchō (romanization)
sitimenteu (romanization)
しちめんてう (hiragana historical)
シチメンテウ (hiragana historical)

[ɕi̥t͡ɕimẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]

七 (shichi, “seven”) + 面 (men, “face”) + 鳥 (chō, “bird”)

af

ja:シチメンチョウ ja:シチメンチョウ属


小鴨

小鴨 (canonical)
小鴨 (canonical)
kogamo (romanization)

Superficially 小(こ) (ko, “small”) + 鴨(かも) (kamo, “duck”). Compare 小杓鴫(コシャクシギ) (koshakushigi, “little curlew, Numenius minutus”), コミチバシリ (komichibashiri, “lesser roadrunner, Geococcyx velox”).

ja-r

teal (freshwater duck of the subfamily Anatinae)


雌鶏

Perhaps from 雌鳥(めんどり) (mendori, “female bird”). See also 鶏(にわとり) (niwatori, “chicken”, literally “garden bird”).


雄鶏

ja-noun

雄(おん)鶏(どり) • (ondori) ^(←をんどり (wondori)?)

雄鶏 (canonical)
ondori (romanization)
wondori (romanization)
をんどり (hiragana historical)

Perhaps from 雄鳥 (“male bird”). See also 鶏 (“chicken”, literally “garden bird”).

a rooster (male chicken; male gallinaceous bird)


鴛鴦

鴛鴦(おしどり) or 鴛鴦(オシドリ) • (oshidori) ^(←をしどり (wosidori) or ヲシドリ (wosidori)?)

鴛鴦 (canonical)
鴛鴦 (canonical)
oshidori (romanization)
wosidori (romanization)
をしどり (hiragana historical)
ヲシドリ (hiragana historical)

Man'yōshū
Mandarin duck
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:鴛鴦

From Old Japanese. First cited to the Man'yōshū of 759.
Compound of 鴛鴦 (oshi, “mandarin duck”) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”). The tori changes to dori as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

com

a topknot or bun hairstyle wherein the hair is bunched on each side in a shape vaguely resembling two mandarin ducks


カラクン

Synonym of 七面鳥 (shichimenchō, “turkey”) (bird)


カラクン鳥

カラクン鳥 (canonical)
karakunchō (romanization)

カラクン (karakun, “turkey”) + 鳥 (chō, “bird”)


孵す

ja-verb

孵(かえ)す • (kaesu) ^(←かへす (kafesu)?)transitive godan (stem 孵(かえ)し (kaeshi), past 孵(かえ)した (kaeshita))

孵す (canonical)
kaesu (romanization)
kafesu (romanization)
孵し (stem)
孵した (past)
孵さ
かえさ
kaesa
孵し
かえし
kaeshi
孵す
かえす
kaesu
孵せ
かえせ
kaese
孵される (passive)
かえされる (passive)
kaesareru (passive)
孵させる (causative)
孵さす (causative)
かえさせる (causative)
かえさす (causative)
kaesaseru (causative)
kaesasu (causative)
孵せる (potential)
かえせる (potential)
kaeseru (potential)
孵そう (volitional)
かえそう (volitional)
kaesō (volitional)
孵さない (negative)
かえさない (negative)
kaesanai (negative)
孵さず (continuative negative)
かえさず (continuative negative)
kaesazu (continuative negative)
孵します (formal)
かえします (formal)
kaeshimasu (formal)
孵した (perfective)
かえした (perfective)
kaeshita (perfective)
孵して (conjunctive)
かえして (conjunctive)
kaeshite (conjunctive)
孵せば (conditional hypothetical)
かえせば (conditional hypothetical)
kaeseba (conditional hypothetical)


ターキー

ja-noun

ターキー • (tākī)

Daijisen
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
ja:ターキー
ja:松村明


家鴨

家鴨(あひる) or 家鴨(アヒル) • (ahiru) (counter 羽)

家鴨 (canonical)
家鴨 (canonical)
ahiru (romanization)
羽 (counter)

Appears in texts from the late Muromachi period. Various theories exist regarding the derivation; one of the more common derives this as a sound shift from ahiro, appearing around the same time as a compound of 足 (a, “foot, feet”) + 広 (hiro, stem of adjective 広い (hiroi, “broad, wide”)).
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 家鴨 /家鸭 (jiāyā).

compound

stem of adjective <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">広い</i> (hiroi, “broad, wide”)

duck clogs; traditional wooden clogs; teeth; teeth; the wooden supports underneath

a style of 下駄 with short and a short distance between the

so named for the way it makes the wearer walk

家鴨が文庫を背負う: → metaphor for the appearance of a short woman with a large butt

家鴨の火事見舞いa duck going to visit someone after a fire” → a metaphor for a short

家鴨の脚絆: → metaphor for something unsuited to someone's nature

the domestic duck is also as proud as the wild duck

家鴨も鴨の気位: → a metaphor for putting on airs

the general sense that a domestic duck is not as pretty as a wild duck

an academic grade of “B” (from the way the 乙 (otsu) character, used to indicate this grade, looks vaguely like a duck)


黄鶏

黄鶏 (canonical)
kashiwa (romanization)
kasifa (romanization)
かしは (hiragana historical)

a Japanese breed of chicken with dark reddish-brown feathers


臼辺鳥

臼辺鳥 (canonical)
usubedori (romanization)


養鶏

養鶏 (canonical)
yōkei (romanization)
yaukei (romanization)
やうけい (hiragana historical)


黒鳥

ja-noun

黒(こく)鳥(ちょう) or 黒鳥(コクチョウ) • (kokuchō) ^(←こくてう (kokuteu) or コクテウ (kokuteu)?)

黒鳥 (canonical)
黒鳥 (canonical)
kokuchō (romanization)
kokuteu (romanization)
こくてう (hiragana historical)
コクテウ (hiragana historical)

[ko̞kɯ̟̊t͡ɕo̞ː]

Compound of 黒 (koku, “black”) + 鳥 (chō, “bird”).
First cited to a text from 1179.

Cygnus atratus
Cygnus atratus#Translingual

a black swan, specifically Cygnus atratus


黒鴨

黒鴨 (canonical)
黒鴨 (canonical)
kurogamo (romanization)

[kɯ̟ɾo̞ɡa̠mo̞]

Melanitta nigra
Melanitta nigra#Translingual


鵞鳥

鵞(が)鳥(ちょう) or 鵞鳥(ガチョウ) • (gachō) ^(←がてう (gateu)?)

鵞鳥 (canonical)
鵞鳥 (canonical)
gachō (romanization)
gateu (romanization)
がてう (hiragana historical)

→ Sakizaya: gaciw


尾長鴨

尾(お)長(なが)鴨(がも) or 尾長鴨(オナガガモ) • (onagagamo) ^(←をなががも (wonagagamo)?)

尾長鴨 (canonical)
尾長鴨 (canonical)
onagagamo (romanization)
wonagagamo (romanization)
をなががも (hiragana historical)

尾 (o, “tail”) + 長 (naga, “long”) + 鴨 (kamo, “duck”)


尾長鶏

ja-noun

尾(お)長(なが)鶏(どり) or 尾長鶏(オナガドリ) • (onagadori) ^(←をながどり (wonagadori)?)

尾長鶏 (canonical)
尾長鶏 (canonical)
onagadori (romanization)
wonagadori (romanization)
をながどり (hiragana historical)

尾 (o, “tail”) + 長 (naga, “long”) + 鶏 (tori, “chicken”)

compound

an onagadori, a breed of chicken from Kochi Prefecture


バリケン

[ba̠ɾʲikẽ̞ɴ]

野バリケン 野バリケン#Japanese

Synonym of 野バリケン (no-bariken, “Muscovy duck”)


野バリケン

野バリケン (canonical)
野バリケン (canonical)
nobariken (romanization)


毛綿鴨

ja-noun

毛(け)綿(わた)鴨(がも) or 毛綿鴨(ケワタガモ) • (kewatagamo)

毛綿鴨 (canonical)
毛綿鴨 (canonical)
kewatagamo (romanization)

Compound of 毛 (ke, “hair”) + 綿 (wata, “stuffing, batting”) + 鴨 (kamo, “duck”), likely so called for the use of eiderdown.

compound

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
King eider
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten


小毛綿鴨

ja-noun

小(こ)毛(け)綿(わた)鴨(がも) or 小毛綿鴨(コケワタガモ) • (kokewatagamo)

小毛綿鴨 (canonical)
小毛綿鴨 (canonical)
kokewatagamo (romanization)

小 (ko, “small”) + 毛綿鴨 (kewatagamo, “king eider”)


真鴨

真鴨 (canonical)
真鴨 (canonical)
magamo (romanization)


アメリカオシ

ja-noun

アメリカオシ or アメリカおし or アメリカオシ • (amerikaoshi)

アメリカオシ (canonical)
アメリカおし (canonical)
amerikaoshi (romanization)

Compound of アメリカ (Amerika, “America”) + 鴛鴦 (oshi, “mandarin duck”).


黒雁

黒雁 (canonical)
黒雁 (canonical)
kokugan (romanization)

[ko̞kɯ̟ɡã̠ɴ]

From 黒 (koku, “black”) + 雁 (gan, “goose”).

Branta bernicla
Branta bernicla#Translingual


酒面雁

ja-noun

酒(さか)面(つら)雁(がん) or 酒面雁(サカツラガン) • (sakatsuragan)

酒面雁 (canonical)
酒面雁 (canonical)
sakatsuragan (romanization)

[sa̠ka̠t͡sɨɾa̠ɡã̠ɴ]

Anser cygnoides
Anser cygnoides#Translingual


菱食

菱(ひし)食(くい) or 菱食(ヒシクイ) • (hishikui) ^(←ひしくひ (fisikufi)?)

菱食 (canonical)
菱食 (canonical)
hishikui (romanization)
fisikufi (romanization)
ひしくひ (hiragana historical)

From 菱(ひし) (hishi, “water caltrop”) + 食(く)い (kui, stem of 食う (kuu, “to eat”)).

ja-compound

stem of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">食う</i> (kuu, “to eat”)

Anser fabalis
Anser fabalis#Translingual


真雁

真雁 (canonical)
真雁 (canonical)
magan (romanization)

From 真(ま) (ma, “true”) + 雁(がん) (gan, “goose”).

greater white-fronted goose
greater white-fronted goose

Anser albifrons
Anser albifrons#Translingual

greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons)


雁が音

雁が音 (canonical)
雁が音 (canonical)
karigane (romanization)

From 雁(かり) (kari, “goose”) + が (ga, archaic possessive particle) + 音(ね) (ne, “sound”).

1900, “鉄道唱歌・東海道編 (Tetsudō shōka Tōkaidō-hen)”:

堅田におつる雁がねの たえまに響く三井の鐘

Katada ni otsuru karigane no taema ni hibiku Mii no kane

The bell of Mii which echoes in the gaps of the goose cries that descend on Katada

lesser white-fronted goose
lesser white-fronted goose

Anser erythropus
Anser erythropus#Translingual

(by extension) lesser white-fronted goose (Anser erythropus)


灰色雁

ja-noun

灰(はい)色(いろ)雁(がん) or 灰色雁(ハイイロガン) • (haiirogan) ^(←はひいろがん (fafiirogan) or ハヒイロガン (fafiirogan)?)

灰色雁 (canonical)
灰色雁 (canonical)
haiirogan (romanization)
fafiirogan (romanization)
はひいろがん (hiragana historical)
ハヒイロガン (hiragana historical)

From 灰色(はいいろ) (haīro, “gray”) + 雁(がん) (gan, “goose”).


白雁

白雁 (canonical)
白雁 (canonical)
hakugan (romanization)

[ha̠kɯ̟ɡã̠ɴ]

From 白(はく) (haku, “white”) + 雁(がん) (gan, “goose”).

Chen caerulescens
Chen caerulescens#Translingual


四十雀雁

ja-noun

四(し)十(じゅう)雀(から)雁(がん) or 四十雀雁(シジュウカラガン) • (shijūkaragan) ^(←しじふからがん (sizifukaragan) or シジフカラガン (sizifukaragan)?)

四十雀雁 (canonical)
四十雀雁 (canonical)
shijūkaragan (romanization)
sizifukaragan (romanization)
しじふからがん (hiragana historical)
シジフカラガン (hiragana historical)

[ɕiʑɨːka̠ɾa̠ɡã̠ɴ]

From 四十雀(しじゅうからがん) (shijūkaragan, “Japanese tit”) + 雁(がん) (gan, “goose”).

ja-compound

Branta hutchinsii
Branta hutchinsii#Translingual


ハワイ雁

ハワイ雁 (canonical)
ハワイ雁 (canonical)
hawai gan (romanization)

[ha̠β̞a̠i ɡã̠ɴ]

Calque of English Hawaiian goose, equivalent to ハワイ (Hawai, “Hawaii”) + 雁 (gan, “goose”)


野鴨

From 野(の) (no, “wild; field”) + 鴨(かも) (kamo, “duck”). The kamo changes to gamo as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


成鶏

ja-noun

成(せい)鶏(けい) • (seikei) ^(←せいけい (seikei)?)

成鶏 (canonical)
seikei (romanization)
せいけい (hiragana historical)


軍鶏

Corruption of 暹羅 (Shamuro) or シャム (Shamu, “Siam”).
A breed of chicken of Japan which was originated in Thailand, selectively bred for several hundred years and is very different from the original stock.


晨鳧

晨(しのり)鳧(がも) or 晨鳧(シノリガモ) • (shinorigamo)

晨鳧 (canonical)
晨鳧 (canonical)
shinorigamo (romanization)

Histrionicus histrionicus
Histrionicus histrionicus#Translingual

harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus


カナダ雁

カナダ雁 (canonical)
カナダ雁 (canonical)
Kanada gan (romanization)

カナダ (kanada, “Canada”) + 雁(がん) (gan, “goose”), calque of English Canada goose.

ja-compound

Branta canadensis
Branta canadensis#Translingual