烏

From Middle Chinese 烏 (MC 'u).
The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

烏有 ― uyū ― (literally “not-have”) nonexistence; nothing

rhetorical question
rhetorical question#English

A Chinese interrogative for rhetorical questions.


雀

雀 (canonical)
雀 (canonical)
suzume (romanization)

Eurasian tree sparrow
Eurasian tree sparrow

Passer montanus
Passer montanus#Translingual


鴲

鴲 (canonical)
鴲 (canonical)
shime (romanization)

⟨sime₂⟩ → */siməɨ/ → /ɕime/
Likely from Old Japanese.


鴲

⟨pi₁me₂⟩ → */pʲiməɨ/ → /fime/ → /hime/
From Old Japanese.
Distinct from 姫 (⟨pi₁me₁⟩ → hime, “(imperial) princess”).

近江之海泊八十有八十嶋之嶋之埼邪伎安利立有花橘乎末枝尓毛知引懸仲枝尓伊加流我懸下枝尓比米乎懸己之母乎取久乎不知己之父乎取久乎思良尓伊蘇婆比座与伊可流我等比米登

伊蘇婆比座与 いそばひをるよ

Ōmi no umi tomari yaso ari yaso shima no shima no saki-zaki ari-tateru hana-tachibana o hotsue ni mochi hikikake nakatsue ni ikaruga kake shizue ni hime o kake naga haha o toraku o shirani naga chichi o toraku o shirani isobai-oru yo ikaruga to hime to

(obsolete) the hawfinch, Coccothraustes coccothraustes


鵐

(archaic) bunting (any of various small birds, mostly in the genus Emberiza)

黄頭鵐

golden-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia atricapilla)


鵯

鵯 (canonical)
鵯 (canonical)
hiyodori (romanization)

鵯上戸

鵯上戸 ヒヨドリジョウゴ

bulbul, a bird in the family Pycnonotidae


鵲

From Old Japanese, first appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.
Derivation unknown, theories include:
* The initial kasa- may be cognate with or a borrowing from an earlier form of Korean 까치 (kkachi, “magpie”).
* The final -sagi may be a reference to the white chest, alluding to the similar plumage of certain kinds of 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”).
* Alternatively, the final -sagi may derive from onomatopoeia, imitative of the bird's call.
* May be a corruption of 烏 (karasu, “crow”) + 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”):
*: /karasu saɡi/ → */kasːaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/
* May be a corruption of カラ (kara, onomatopoeia for cawing, seen in 烏 (karasu), “crow”) + 鷦鷯 (sasagi, “wren”, obsolete):
*: /kara sasaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/
* May be a corruption of カチカチ (kachikachi, onomatopoeia imitative of the bird's call) + 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”):
*: /kat͡ɕikat͡ɕi saɡi/ → */kat̚t͡sasaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/

(historical) an 鴻 (Ōtori)-class torpedo boat of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II


鵺

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

712, Kojiki [...] 阿遠夜麻邇 奴延波那伎 佐怒都登理 岐藝斯波登與牟 [...]

鵼 唐韵云 鵼 音空 漢語抄云 沼江 新撰字鏡 鵺 鵼 並訓奴江 按奴延見古事記八千戈神歌 万葉集奴延鳥奴要子鳥即是 [...] 今俗呼鬼都具美 [...] 按關東俗呼虎都具美 恠鳥也

938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 7, page 21:

Nue The Tangyun calls it 'Nue'- sound kū, The Extracts of Chinese Vocabulary call it nuye The Shinsen Jikyō 'nue' 'nue' common reading nuye; check nuye seen in Kojiki's Eight Thousand Spears divine poem, in Man'yōshū as nuye bird, assuming nuye bird is this … nowadays folk call it 'demon-thrush' … check Kantō folk calling it tiger-thrush, it is an uncanny bird

Zoothera aurea
Zoothera aurea#Translingual

Synonym of 虎鶇 (tora tsugumi, “White's Thrush, Zoothera aurea”)


鶇

鶇 (canonical)
鶇 (canonical)
tsugumi (romanization)

[t͡sɨɡɯ̟mʲi]

From the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 噤む (tsugumu, “to shut up, to become quiet”), from the way the birds cease singing after summer has ended.

Turdus eunomus
Turdus eunomus#Translingual

(more specifically) a dusky thrush: Turdus eunomus


鶯

ja-noun

鶯(うぐいす) or 鶯(ウグイス) • (uguisu) ^(←うぐひす (ugufisu) or ウグヒス (ugufisu)?)

鶯 (canonical)
鶯 (canonical)
uguisu (romanization)
ugufisu (romanization)
うぐひす (hiragana historical)
ウグヒス (hiragana historical)

⟨uɡupi₁ su⟩ → /uɡupisu/ → /uɡufisu/ → /uɡuwisu/ → /uɡuisu/
From Old Japanese. Compound of うぐい (ugui, onomatopoeia, imitative of the bird's call) + す (su, “bird”, ancient suffix appearing in certain bird names). Compare the す (su) in 烏 (karasu), 杜鵑 (hototogisu), モズ (mozu).

com

うぐひすの谷よりいづる声なくははるくることを誰かしらまし

Without the voice of the warbler that comes out of the valley, how would we know the arrival of spring?

uguisu no tani yori izuru koe naku wa haru kuru koto o tare ka shiramashi

Japanese bush warbler
Japanese bush warbler

Japanese bush warbler (Horornis diphone); Japanese nightingale


鶲

Old World flycatcher
Old World flycatcher


鶸

鶸 (canonical)
鶸 (canonical)
hiwa (romanization)
fifa (romanization)
ひは (hiragana historical)


鷽

鷽 (canonical)
鷽 (canonical)
uso (romanization)


からす

ja-verb

からす • (karasu) transitive godan (stem からし (karashi), past からした (karashita))

karasu (romanization)
からし (stem)
からした (past)
からさ
karasa
からし
karashi
からす
karasu
からせ
karase
からされる (passive)
karasareru (passive)
からさせる (causative)
からさす (causative)
karasaseru (causative)
karasasu (causative)
からせる (potential)
karaseru (potential)
からそう (volitional)
karasō (volitional)
からさない (negative)
karasanai (negative)
からさず (continuative negative)
karasazu (continuative negative)
からします (formal)
karashimasu (formal)
からした (perfective)
karashita (perfective)
からして (conjunctive)
karashite (conjunctive)
からせば (conditional hypothetical)
karaseba (conditional hypothetical)
からさ (irrealis stem)
karasa (irrealis stem)
からし (continuative stem)
karasi (continuative stem)
からす (stem terminative)
karasu (stem terminative)
からす (attributive stem)
karasu (attributive stem)
からせ (realis stem)
karase (realis stem)
からせ (imperative stem)
karase (imperative stem)
からさず (negative)
karasazu (negative)
からせど (contrastive)
karasedo (contrastive)
からせば (causative)
karaseba (causative)
からさば (conditional)
karasaba (conditional)
からしき (past)
karasiki (past)
からしけり (past)
karasikeri (past)
からしつ (perfect)
karasitu (perfect)
からしぬ (perfect)
karasinu (perfect)
からせり (continuative perfect)
からしたり (continuative perfect)
karaseri (continuative perfect)
karasitari (continuative perfect)
からさむ (volitional)
karasamu (volitional)


雲雀

雲雀 (canonical)
雲雀 (canonical)
hibari (romanization)

From Old Japanese. Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 雲雀 /云雀 (yúnquè).
Some sources state it is derived from the fact that it chirps on sunny days (日晴り), while others say that it is derived from the sound of its chirping.

obor

Alauda arvensis
Alauda arvensis#Translingual


田雲雀

田雲雀 (canonical)
田雲雀 (canonical)
tahibari (romanization)

Anthus spinoletta
Anthus spinoletta#Translingual

牧場田雲雀

牧場田雲雀 マキバタヒバリ


瑠璃

Daijirin
Lapis lazuli
Qing Dynasty
ja:瑠璃

Shortened from 吠(べい)瑠(る)璃(り) (beiruri), itself from Middle Chinese 吠瑠璃 (MC bjojH lje), a phonetic transcription of Sanskrit वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya, “cat's eye, beryl”). Some scholars suggest that the source term might instead have been Pali veḷuriya (“precious stone, maybe lapis lazuli”).

der

瑠璃貝: pelagic marine snail of genus Janthina

瑠璃瓦

a kawara tile with a glossy blue glaze, commonly used in roofing in Japan

瑠璃観音: one of the 33 manifestation of Kannon

depicted standing on a lotus leaf floating in the water

with incense in her right hand and a lotus blossom in her left hand

瑠璃釉

a slip containing powdered cobalt and applied to ceramics to achieve a deep blue color after firing

瑠璃紺: a deep blue and glossy piece of lapis lazuli

瑠璃草: navelwort: a flowering plant of genus Omphalodes in family Boraginaceae

native to the mountainous regions of Honshū and Hokkaidō

瑠璃灯: a kind of hexagonal lamp used in the Ōbaku sect of Zen

covered in thin silk and containing a candela made of lapis lazuli

瑠璃溝隠: a flowering herbaceous perennial plant

瑠璃実の樹

an evergreen shrub of genus Lasianthus, native to the Izu Peninsula

a perennial bulbous plant native to Eurasia

lapis lazuli's shine is brought out by polishing

瑠璃の光も磨きがら: → inborn talent is no substitute for hard work and practice

lazuli and crystal sparkle when you shine a light on them

瑠璃も玻璃も照らせば光かる: → even if two things are different

illumination can make their excellent qualities clear

you can tell lazuli and crystal by shining a light on them

瑠璃も玻璃も照らせば分かる: → the true nature of similar things can be discerned by different means

瑠璃は脆し: → a metaphor for the fragility of beautiful things

瑠璃も曇る: → a metaphor for how even the most excellent things lose value over time

common name for various blue thrushes (birds) in family Muscicapidae, such as the 大瑠璃 (ōruri, “blue and white flycatcher, Cyanoptila cyanomelana”) or 小瑠璃 (koruri, “Siberian blue robin, Larvivora cyane, syn. Luscinia cyane”)


藪雨

藪雨 (canonical)
藪雨 (canonical)
yabusame (romanization)

Asian stubtail, Urosphena squameiceps (a type of Old-World warbler)


西黒丸鴉

ja-noun

西(にし)黒(こく)丸(まる)鴉(がらす) or 西黒丸鴉(ニシコクマルガラス) • (nishikokumarugarasu)

西黒丸鴉 (canonical)
西黒丸鴉 (canonical)
nishikokumarugarasu (romanization)

Coloeus monedula
Coloeus monedula#Translingual


花鶏

花鶏 (canonical)
花鶏 (canonical)
atori (romanization)

ja:アトリ ja:アトリ属 ja:アトリ科


風鳥

風(ふう)鳥(ちょう) or 風鳥(フウチョウ) • (fūchō) ^(←ふうてう (fuuteu) or フウテウ (fuuteu)?)

風鳥 (canonical)
風鳥 (canonical)
fūchō (romanization)
fuuteu (romanization)
ふうてう (hiragana historical)
フウテウ (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟ːt͡ɕo̞ː]

a bird of paradise, a bird in the family Paradisaeidae


黒鵐

黒鵐 (canonical)
黒鵐 (canonical)
kuroji (romanization)


青懸巣

青(あお)懸(かけ)巣(す) or 青懸巣(アオカケス) • (aokakesu) ^(←あをかけす (awokakesu)?)

青懸巣 (canonical)
青懸巣 (canonical)
aokakesu (romanization)
awokakesu (romanization)
あをかけす (hiragana historical)

青 (ao, “blue”) + 懸巣 (kakesu, “Eurasian jay”)


金糸雀

金糸雀 (canonical)
kinshijaku (romanization)

→ Chinese: 金絲雀 /金丝雀 (jīnsīquè)

→ Korean: 금사작 (geumsajak)

[kʲĩɰ̃ɕiʑa̠kɯ̟]

Synonym of カナリア (kanaria, “canary”) (bird from Canary Islands)


鷦鷯

鷦鷯 (canonical)
鷦鷯 (canonical)
misosazai (romanization)

Compound of 三十(みそ) (miso) + 三(さ) (sa) + 才(さい) (sai). The sai changes to zai as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Troglodytes troglodytes
Troglodytes troglodytes#Translingual


山椒食

ja-noun

山(さん)椒(しょう)食(くい) or 山椒食(サンショウクイ) • (sanshōkui) ^(←さんせうくひ (sanseukufi)?)

山椒食 (canonical)
山椒食 (canonical)
sanshōkui (romanization)
sanseukufi (romanization)
さんせうくひ (hiragana historical)


斑鳩

斑鳩 (canonical)
斑鳩 (canonical)
ikaru (romanization)

From Old Japanese. The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).


斑鳩

[ika̠ɾɯ̟ɡa̠]


白頭翁

白(はく)頭(とう)翁(おう) or 白頭翁(ハクトウオウ) • (hakutōō) ^(←はくとうをう (fakutouwou)?)

白頭翁 (canonical)
白頭翁 (canonical)
hakutōō (romanization)
fakutouwou (romanization)
はくとうをう (hiragana historical)

Synonym of 椋鳥 (mukudori, “white-cheeked starling, grey starling, Spodiopsar cineraceus”)

椋鳥

Synonym of 翁草 (okinagusa, “Pulsatilla cernua”)

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine) dried root of Pulsatilla cernua used in medicine


鶺鴒

鶺鴒 (canonical)
鶺鴒 (canonical)
sekirei (romanization)


鶺鴒

鶺鴒 (canonical)
niwakunaburi (romanization)

[ɲ̟iβ̞a̠kɯ̟na̠bɯ̟ɾʲi]


鶺鴒

鶺鴒 (canonical)
manabashira (romanization)


駒鶇

駒(こま)鶇(つぐみ) or 駒鶇(コマツグミ) • (komatsugumi)

駒鶇 (canonical)
駒鶇 (canonical)
komatsugumi (romanization)


カナリア

Borrowed from Spanish canaria f (“Canarian”, adjective, noun).


紅冠鳥

ja-noun

紅(こう)冠(かん)鳥(ちょう) or 紅冠鳥(コウカンチョウ) • (kōkanchō) ^(←こうくわんてう (koukwanteu) or コウクワンテウ (koukwanteu)?)

紅冠鳥 (canonical)
紅冠鳥 (canonical)
kōkanchō (romanization)
koukwanteu (romanization)
こうくわんてう (hiragana historical)
コウクワンテウ (hiragana historical)

a red-crested cardinal, Paroaria coronata


白頭

白(しろ)頭(がしら) or 白(しら)頭(がしら) • (shirogashira or shiragashira)

白頭 (canonical)
白頭 (canonical)
shirogashira (romanization)
shiragashira (romanization)

[ɕiɾo̞ɡa̠ɕiɾa̠]

light-vented bulbul, Pycnonotus sinensis


八咫烏

八咫烏 (canonical)
Yatagarasu (romanization)
やたのからす (alternative hiragana)
Yata no Karasu (Rōmaji)

(Shinto) sacred three legged raven in Japanese mythology


琴鳥

琴鳥 (canonical)
琴鳥 (canonical)
kotodori (romanization)

ja:コトドリ ja:コトドリ属


豆回し

豆(まめ)回(まわ)し • (mamemawashi) ^(←まめまはし (mamemafasi)?)

豆回し (canonical)
mamemawashi (romanization)
mamemafasi (romanization)
まめまはし (hiragana historical)


豆甘

豆甘 (canonical)
mameumashi (romanization)


歌鶇

歌鶇 (canonical)
歌鶇 (canonical)
utatsugumi (romanization)

[ɯ̟ta̠t͡sɨɡɯ̟mʲi]

Compound of 歌(うた) (uta, “song”) + 鶇(つぐみ) (tsugumi, “thrush”).

ja-compound

Turdus philomelos
Turdus philomelos#Translingual


虎鶇

ja-noun

虎(とら)鶇(つぐみ) or 虎鶇(トラツグミ) • (toratsugumi)

虎鶇 (canonical)
虎鶇 (canonical)
toratsugumi (romanization)


緋連雀

緋(ひ)連(れん)雀(じゃく) or 緋連雀(ヒレンジャク) • (hirenjaku)

緋連雀 (canonical)
緋連雀 (canonical)
hirenjaku (romanization)

[çiɾẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑa̠kɯ̟]


交喙

交喙 (canonical)
交喙 (canonical)
isuka (romanization)

From Old Japanese. Derivative term 很し (isukashi, “emotionally twisted up”, obsolete) appears in the Nihon Shoki, completed in 720 CE.
The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).

Loxia curvirostra
Loxia curvirostra#Translingual

common crossbill, red crossbill (Loxia curvirostra)


極楽鳥

極(ごく)楽(らく)鳥(ちょう) or 極楽鳥(ゴクラクチョウ) • (gokurakuchō) ^(←ごくらくてう (gokurakuteu)?)

極楽鳥 (canonical)
極楽鳥 (canonical)
gokurakuchō (romanization)
gokurakuteu (romanization)
ごくらくてう (hiragana historical)

[ɡo̞kɯ̟ɾa̠kɯ̟̊t͡ɕo̞ː]

極楽(ごくらく) (gokuraku, “Sukhavati”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)

ja-compound

Synonym of 風鳥 (fūchō, “bird of paradise”) (bird)


白腹

白腹 (canonical)
白腹 (canonical)
shirohara (romanization)

Compound of 白 (shiro, “white”) + 腹 (hara, “belly”).


柄長

ja-noun

柄(え)長(なが) or 柄長(エナガ) • (enaga) ^(←ゑなが (wenaga)?)

柄長 (canonical)
柄長 (canonical)
enaga (romanization)
wenaga (romanization)
ゑなが (hiragana historical)

Of 柄(え) (e, “handle”) + 長(なが) (naga, “long”). Both the generic sense and the bird species are attested from around the beginning of the 18th century.

ja-compound

a vessel or receptacle with a long handle, or such a handle


五色鶸

ja-noun

五(ご)色(しき)鶸(ひわ) or 五色鶸(ゴシキヒワ) • (goshikihiwa) ^(←ごしきひは (gosikififa)?)

五色鶸 (canonical)
五色鶸 (canonical)
goshikihiwa (romanization)
gosikififa (romanization)
ごしきひは (hiragana historical)

[ɡo̞ɕikʲiçiβ̞a̠]

Carduelis carduelis
Carduelis carduelis#Translingual

a Eurasian goldfinch, European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)


真鶸

真(ま)鶸(ひわ) or 真鶸(マヒワ) • (mahiwa) ^(←まひは (mafifa)?)

真鶸 (canonical)
真鶸 (canonical)
mahiwa (romanization)
mafifa (romanization)
まひは (hiragana historical)


臘子鳥

臘子鳥 (canonical)
臘子鳥 (canonical)
atori (romanization)

Fringilla montifringilla
Fringilla montifringilla#Translingual

Alternative spelling of 花鶏 (atori, “brambling, Fringilla montifringilla”)


獦子鳥

獦子鳥 (canonical)
獦子鳥 (canonical)
atori (romanization)


河原鶸

河(か)原(わら)鶸(ひわ) or 河原鶸(カワラヒワ) • (kawarahiwa) ^(←かはらひは (kafarafifa)?)

河原鶸 (canonical)
河原鶸 (canonical)
kawarahiwa (romanization)
kafarafifa (romanization)
かはらひは (hiragana historical)

[ka̠β̞a̠ɾa̠çiβ̞a̠]

河原 (kawara, “river beach”) + 鶸 (hiwa, “finch”)


葦切

葦切 (canonical)
葦切 (canonical)
yoshikiri (romanization)


頬白

ja-noun

頬(ほお)白(じろ) or 頬白(ホオジロ) • (hōjiro) ^(←ほほじろ (fofoziro)?)

頬白 (canonical)
頬白 (canonical)
hōjiro (romanization)
fofoziro (romanization)
ほほじろ (hiragana historical)

頬(ほお) (hō, “cheek”) + 白(しろ) (shiro, “white”)


目白

Compound of 目(め) (me, “eye”) + 白(しろ) (shiro, “white”).
The shiro changes to jiro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


尾長

ja-noun

尾(お)長(なが) or 尾長(オナガ) • (onaga) ^(←をなが (wonaga)?)

尾長 (canonical)
尾長 (canonical)
onaga (romanization)
wonaga (romanization)
をなが (hiragana historical)

→ English: onaga (Hawaii)


慈鳥

慈鳥 (canonical)
jichō (romanization)
ziteu (romanization)
じてう (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑit͡ɕo̞ː]


真似鶫

真(ま)似(ねし)鶫(つぐみ) or 真似鶫(マネシツグミ) • (maneshitsugumi)

真似鶫 (canonical)
真似鶫 (canonical)
maneshitsugumi (romanization)

ja:マネシツグミ ja:マネシツグミ科


駒鳥

駒鳥 (canonical)
駒鳥 (canonical)
komadori (romanization)

Compound of 駒(こま) (koma, “horse”) + 鳥(とり) (tori, “bird”), said to come from the fact that the small bird's loud call resembles a horse's neigh. The tori changes to dori as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

相思鳥

Japanese robin; red-billed leiothrix; Peking nightingale


ヨーロッパコマドリ

ja-noun

ヨーロッパコマドリ or ヨーロッパこまどり • (Yōroppa komadori)

ヨーロッパコマドリ (canonical)
ヨーロッパこまどり (canonical)
Yōroppa komadori (romanization)

ヨーロッパ (Yōroppa, “Europe”) + コマドリ (komadori, “Japanese robin”).

com

ja:ヨーロッパコマドリ


懸巣

懸巣 (canonical)
懸巣 (canonical)
kakesu (romanization)


橿鳥

橿鳥 (canonical)
橿鳥 (canonical)
kakesu (romanization)

Alternative spelling of 懸巣 (“Eurasian jay”)


椋鳥

椋鳥 (canonical)
椋鳥 (canonical)
mukudori (romanization)

[mɯ̟kɯ̟do̞ɾʲi]

ja:ムクドリ ja:ムクドリ科

鵲椋鳥

鵲椋鳥 カササギムクドリ


ステラー懸巣

ja-noun

ステラー懸(かけ)巣(す) or ステラー懸巣(カケス) • (Suterā kakesu)

ステラー懸巣 (canonical)
ステラー懸巣 (canonical)
Suterā kakesu (romanization)

ステラー (Suterā, “Steller”) + 懸巣 (kakesu, “Eurasian jay”), calque of English Steller's jay.


赤腹

赤腹 (canonical)
赤腹 (canonical)
akahara (romanization)

ja:アカハラ (曖昧さ回避)

Short for 赤腹井守 (akahara imori, “Japanese fire-bellied newt”). (Cynops pyrrhogaster)

赤腹井守

Tribolodon hakonensis
Tribolodon hakonensis#Translingual

Synonym of 鯎 (ugui, “Japanese dace”) (Tribolodon hakonensis)


鷽姫

Compound of 鷽 (uso, “Eurasian bullfinch”) + 姫 (hime, “princess”), from the way that its appearance and call are beautiful.


花鳥

fire-breasted flowerpecker, Dicaeum ignipectus

flowerpecker, general term for birds in the family Dicaeidae


花鳥

花鳥諷詠

花鳥諷詠 かちょうふうえい

花鳥風月

花鳥風月 かちょうふうげつ

flowers and birds, as a motifs for nature

Short for 花鳥画 (kachou-ga, “flower and bird painting style”).


黄雀

ja-noun

黄(こう)雀(じゃく) • (kōjaku) ^(←くわうじやく (kwauzyaku)?)

黄雀 (canonical)
kōjaku (romanization)
kwauzyaku (romanization)
くわうじやく (hiragana historical)

[ko̞ːʑa̠kɯ̟]

(literary) Synonym of 雀 (suzume, “a Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus)”)


十姉妹

十(じゅう)姉(し)妹(まつ) or 十姉妹(ジュウシマツ) • (jūshimatsu) ^(←じふしまつ (zifusimatu) or ジフシマツ (zifusimatu)?)

十姉妹 (canonical)
十姉妹 (canonical)
jūshimatsu (romanization)
zifusimatu (romanization)
じふしまつ (hiragana historical)
ジフシマツ (hiragana historical)

[d͡ʑɨːɕima̠t͡sɨ]


五色野路子

五(ご)色(しき)野(の)路(じ)子(こ) or 五色野路子(ゴシキノジコ) • (goshiki nojiko)

五色野路子 (canonical)
五色野路子 (canonical)
goshiki nojiko (romanization)

五色(ごしき) (goshiki, “five colors”) + 野路子(のじこ) (nojiko, “yellow bunting”)


野路子

ja-noun

野(の)路(じ)子(こ) or 野路子(ノジコ) • (nojiko) ^(←のぢこ (nodiko) or ノヂコ (nodiko)?)

野路子 (canonical)
野路子 (canonical)
nojiko (romanization)
nodiko (romanization)
のぢこ (hiragana historical)
ノヂコ (hiragana historical)

Japanese yellow bunting, Emberiza sulphurata

五色野路子

五色野路子 ゴシキノジコ


野鵐

野(の)鵐(じこ) or 野鵐(ノジコ) • (nojiko) ^(←のぢこ (nodiko)?)

野鵐 (canonical)
野鵐 (canonical)
nojiko (romanization)
nodiko (romanization)
のぢこ (hiragana historical)

Alternative spelling of 野路子 (nojiko, “yellow bunting”)


百舌

百舌 (canonical)
百舌 (canonical)
mozu (romanization)

*⟨mo₁mo₁ su⟩ → */monsu/ → ⟨mo₁zu⟩ → */mʷozu/ → /mozu/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
Likely originally a compound of 百 (momo, “hundreds; lots and lots”, in reference to the bird's practice of mimicking other bird calls) + す (su, “bird”, ancient term only found in old compounds).
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), literally "hundred tongues", from the way shrikes can mimic other bird calls.

compound

春之在者伯勞鳥之草具吉雖不所見吾者見将遣君之當乎婆

haru sareba mozu no kusaguki miezu to mo ware wa miyaran kimi ga atari o ba

After spring has come the shrike goes plunging in the reeds and cannot be seen―but I will spy it out, my love, the place where you have your home.

general name for birds in family Laniidae: the shrikes


大瑠璃

ja-noun

大(おお)瑠(る)璃(り) or 大瑠璃(オオルリ) • (ōruri) ^(←おほるり (oforuri) or オホルリ (oforuri)?)

大瑠璃 (canonical)
大瑠璃 (canonical)
ōruri (romanization)
oforuri (romanization)
おほるり (hiragana historical)
オホルリ (hiragana historical)

大 (ō, “big”) + 瑠璃 (ruri, “lapis lazuli”)


小瑠璃

小瑠璃 (canonical)
小瑠璃 (canonical)
koruri (romanization)

小 (ko, “small”) + 瑠璃 (ruri, “lapis lazuli”)


太蘭鳥

ja-noun

太(たい)蘭(らん)鳥(ちょう) or 太蘭鳥(タイランチョウ) • (tairanchō)

太蘭鳥 (canonical)
太蘭鳥 (canonical)
tairanchō (romanization)


文鳥

文(ぶん)鳥(ちょう) or 文鳥(ブンチョウ) • (bunchō)

文鳥 (canonical)
文鳥 (canonical)
bunchō (romanization)


白鶺鴒

白(はく)鶺(せき)鴒(れい) or 白鶺鴒(ハクセキレイ) • (hakusekirei)

白鶺鴒 (canonical)
白鶺鴒 (canonical)
hakusekirei (romanization)

From 白 (haku, “white”) + 鶺鴒 (sekirei, “wagtail”).

com

a black-backed wagtail (Motacilla alba lugens)


小夜鳴き鳥

ja-noun

小(さ)夜(よ)鳴(な)き鳥(どり) or 小夜鳴(サヨナ)き鳥(ドリ) • (sayo nakidori)

小夜鳴き鳥 (canonical)
小夜鳴き鳥 (canonical)
sayo nakidori (romanization)

From 小夜 (sayo, “evening”) + 鳴き (naki, stem of 鳴く (naku, “to sing; to chirp”)) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”).

af

stem of <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">鳴く</i> (naku, “to sing; to chirp”)


ナイチンゲール

[na̠it͡ɕĩŋɡe̞ːɾɯ̟]

小夜鳴き鳥 小夜鳴き鳥#Japanese

Synonym of 小夜鳴き鳥 (sayo nakidori, “common nightingale”)


夜鳴き鶯

ja-noun

夜(よ)鳴(な)き鶯(うぐいす) or 夜鳴(ヨナ)き鶯(ウグイス) • (yonakiuguisu)

夜鳴き鶯 (canonical)
夜鳴き鶯 (canonical)
yonakiuguisu (romanization)

From 夜 (yo, “night”) + 鳴き (naki, stem of 鳴く (naku, “to sing; to chirp”)) + 鶯 (uguisu, “Japanese bush warbler”).

af

小夜鳴き鳥 小夜鳴き鳥#Japanese


四十雀

ja-noun

四(し)十(じゅう)雀(から) or 四十雀(シジュウカラ) • (shijūkara) ^(←しじふから (sizifukara) or シジフカラ (sizifukara)?)

四十雀 (canonical)
四十雀 (canonical)
shijūkara (romanization)
sizifukara (romanization)
しじふから (hiragana historical)
シジフカラ (hiragana historical)

[ɕiʑɨːka̠ɾa̠]

The しじゅう (shijū), in しじゅうから (shijūkara), represents the sound that the bird makes. The 四十 kanji, are purely chosen for their sound. (i.e. they are ateji) -kara/-gara, written 雀, appears in the name of some tits, although 雀 actually means sparrow, and kara/gara not being a reading of 雀. Compare 小雀(こがら) (kogara, “willow tit”), エボシガラ (eboshigara, “tufted timouse”), and 山雀(やまがら) (yamagara, “varied tit”).


黒歌鳥

黒(くろ)歌(うた)鳥(どり) or 黒歌鳥(クロウタドリ) • (kuroutadori)

黒歌鳥 (canonical)
黒歌鳥 (canonical)
kuroutadori (romanization)

[kɯ̟ɾo̞ɯ̟ta̠do̞ɾʲi]

From 黒 (kuro, “black”) + 歌 (uta, “song”) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”).


金烏

zh-l

金烏／金乌 (jīnwū)

(Chinese mythology) a golden crow, one of the embodiments of the ten suns, nine of whom were shot down by the hero Hou Yi


小雀

小雀 (canonical)
小雀 (canonical)
kogara (romanization)

Attested from at least the 13th century. Origin is uncertain. One theory suggests shortening from an earlier 小雀目 (kogarame), meaning roughly “small birds that fly in a flock”. Others suggest shortening from 小山潜群, which in turn is from 小(こ) (ko-, “small”) plus 山潜群 (yamakugurimure), an obsolete form of 山雀(やまがら) (yamagara, “varied tit”). Compare also 烏帽子雀(エボシガラ) (eboshigara, “tufted titmouse”), 四十雀(しじゅうから) (shijūkara, “Japanese tit”).
]


山雀

山雀 (canonical)
山雀 (canonical)
yamagara (romanization)

Of 山(やま) (yama, “mountain”) + がら, but the origin of the latter portion is uncertain. Theories include derivation from 軽々と動く (karagara to ugoku “moving lightly, easily”) or from ヤマクグリムレ (roughly, “flock hidden in the mountains”). Attested from at least the 13th century. Compare 小雀(こがら) (kogara, “willow tit”), エボシガラ (eboshigara, “tufted tit”), and 四十雀(しじゅうから) (shijūkara, “Japanese tit”).


子烏

子烏 (canonical)
子烏 (canonical)
kogarasu (romanization)

From 子 (ko, “child”) + 烏 (karasu, “crow”).

1994 May 1, Noriko Sasaki, 動物のお医者さん [The Veterinarian], volume 12 (fiction), Tokyo: Hakusensha, page 19:

So that’s it. The crow attacked us to protect their chicks.

そうか 子ガラスを護るために襲ってきたんだな

Sō ka Kogarasu o mamoru tame ni osotte kita n da na


雪雀

雪雀 (canonical)
雪雀 (canonical)
yukisuzume (romanization)

雪(ゆき) (yuki, “snow”) + 雀(すずめ) (suzume, “sparrow”)

ja-compound

white-winged snowfinch, Montifringilla nivalis


九官鳥

ja-noun

九(きゅう)官(かん)鳥(ちょう) or 九官鳥(キュウカンチョウ) • (kyūkanchō)

九官鳥 (canonical)
九官鳥 (canonical)
kyūkanchō (romanization)

Gracula religiosa
Gracula religiosa#Translingual


相思鳥

相(そう)思(し)鳥(ちょう) or 相思鳥(ソウシチョウ) • (sōshichō)

相思鳥 (canonical)
相思鳥 (canonical)
sōshichō (romanization)

[so̞ːɕit͡ɕo̞ː]

red-billed leiothrix
red-billed leiothrix

red-billed leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea), a small bird


赤髭

赤髭 (canonical)
赤髭 (canonical)
akahige (romanization)


アメリカムシクイ

From アメリカ (Amerika) + 虫食(むしく)い (mushikui).

New World warblers, American wood warblers, Parulidae, a taxonomic family of birds


八色鳥

八(や)色(いろ)鳥(ちょう) or 八色鳥(ヤイロチョウ) • (yairochō)

八色鳥 (canonical)
八色鳥 (canonical)
yairochō (romanization)

八色(やいろ) (yairo, “eight colours”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)


菊戴

ja-noun

菊(きく)戴(いただき) or 菊戴(キクイタダキ) • (kikuitadaki)

菊戴 (canonical)
菊戴 (canonical)
kikuitadaki (romanization)

Compound of 菊(きく) (kiku, “chrysanthemum”) + 戴(いただ)き (itadaki, “top → crown”), from the bird’s crest plumed like the flower.

ja-compound

Regulus regulus
Regulus regulus#Translingual


日雀

日雀 (canonical)
日雀 (canonical)
higara (romanization)

Compare 山(やま)雀(がら) (yamagara, “varied tit”), as well as similar birds such as 小(こ)雀(がら) (kogara, “willow tit”), 四(し)十(じゅう)雀(から) (shijūkara, “Japanese tit”), 烏帽子雀(えぼしがら) (eboshigara, “tufted titmouse”).

ja-r

Periparus ater
Periparus ater#Translingual


島柄長

ja-noun

島(しま)柄(え)長(なが) or 島柄長(シマエナガ) • (shima enaga)

島柄長 (canonical)
島柄長 (canonical)
shima enaga (romanization)

島(しま) (shima, “island”) + 柄長(えなが) (enaga, “long-tailed tit”)

ja-compound

2017 March 5, “Bādo uochitchingu kafe [Bird watching cafe]”, in Mainichi Shimbun, page 28:

In the garden a shimaenaga, called the snow fairy for her adorable appearance, has made the scene and become an “idol” among the guests.

庭には愛らしい姿から雪の妖精とも呼ばれるシマエナガも姿を見せ、客の「アイドル」となっている。

Niwa ni wa airashī sugata kara yuki no yōsei to mo yobareru shimaenaga mo sugata o mise, kyaku no “aidoru” to natteiru.

Aegithalos caudatus japonicus, a subspecies of the long-tailed tit


歌詠鳥

歌詠鳥 (canonical)
utayomidori (romanization)


牧場田雲雀

ja-noun

牧(まき)場(ば)田(た)雲雀(ひばり) or 牧場田雲雀(マキバタヒバリ) • (makibatahibari)

牧場田雲雀 (canonical)
牧場田雲雀 (canonical)
makibatahibari (romanization)

Anthus pratensis
Anthus pratensis#Translingual


烏帽子雀

烏(え)帽(ぼ)子(し)雀(がら) or 烏帽子雀(エボシガラ) • (eboshigara)

烏帽子雀 (canonical)
烏帽子雀 (canonical)
eboshigara (romanization)

Superficially of 烏帽子(えぼし) (eboshi, “priest's cap”) + がら, but the origin of the latter portion is uncertain. Compare etymology at 山雀(やまがら) (yamagara, “varied tit”). Compare also 小雀(こがら) (kogara, “willow tit”), 四十雀(しじゅうから) (shijūkara, “Japanese tit”).


星鴉

星(ほし)鴉(がらす) or 星鴉(ホシガラス) • (hoshigarasu)

星鴉 (canonical)
星鴉 (canonical)
hoshigarasu (romanization)

Literally, “star crow”, 星(ほし) (hoshi, “star”) + 鴉(からす) (karasu, “crow, raven”). The karasu changes to garasu as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

Nucifraga caryocatactes
Nucifraga caryocatactes#Translingual

northern nutcracker, Nucifraga caryocatactes


森虫喰

ja-noun

森(もり)虫(むし)喰(くい) or 森虫喰(モリムシクイ) • (morimushikui or mori mushikui)

森虫喰 (canonical)
森虫喰 (canonical)
morimushikui (romanization)
mori mushikui (romanization)

Literally, “forest leaf warbler” 森(もり) (mori, “forest”) + 虫食(ムシク)い (mushikui, “leaf warblers”)

ja-compound

New World warblers, Parulidae, a taxonomic family of birds


雪加

雪加 (canonical)
雪加 (canonical)
sekka (romanization)

Cisticola juncidis
Cisticola juncidis#Translingual


雪頬白

ja-noun

雪(ゆき)頬(ほお)白(じろ) or 雪頬白(ユキホオジロ) • (yukihōjiro)

雪頬白 (canonical)
雪頬白 (canonical)
yukihōjiro (romanization)

Literally, “snow bunting”, 雪(ゆき) (yuki, “snow”) + 頬白(ほおじろ) (hōjiro, “meadow bunting”)

ja-compound

Plectrophenax nivalis
Plectrophenax nivalis#Translingual


連雀

waxwing, a bird of the family Bombycillidae

連雀商人

連雀商人 れんじゃくしょうにん

連雀野路子

連雀野路子 レンジャクノジコ

連雀擬

連雀擬 レンジャクモドキ


高麗鶯

ja-noun

高(こう)麗(らい)鶯(うぐいす) or 高麗鶯(コウライウグイス) • (kōrai uguisu)

高麗鶯 (canonical)
高麗鶯 (canonical)
kōrai uguisu (romanization)

[ko̞ːɾa̠i ɯ̟ɡɯ̟isɨ]

Literally, “Goryeo bush warbler”, 高麗(こうらい) (Kōrai, “Goryeo, Korea”) + 鶯(うぐいす) (uguisu, “bush warbler”)

ja-compound

西高麗鶯

西高麗鶯 ニシコウライウグイス

南高麗鶯

南高麗鶯 ミナミコウライウグイス


瑠璃野路子

ja-noun

瑠(る)璃(り)野(の)路(じ)子(こ) or 瑠璃野路子(ルリノジコ) • (ruri nojiko or rurinojiko)

瑠璃野路子 (canonical)
瑠璃野路子 (canonical)
ruri nojiko (romanization)
rurinojiko (romanization)

[ɾɯ̟ɾʲino̞ʑiko̞]

Literally, “azure bunting”, 瑠璃(るり) (ruri, “azure, lapis lazuli”) + 野路子(のじこ) (nojiko, “Japanese yellow bunting”)


羽衣烏

ja-noun

羽(は)衣(ごろも)烏(がらす) or 羽衣烏(ハゴロモガラス) • (hagoromogarasu)

羽衣烏 (canonical)
羽衣烏 (canonical)
hagoromogarasu (romanization)

[ha̠ɡo̞ɾo̞mo̞ɡa̠ɾa̠sɨ]

Literally, “feather-cloak crow”, 羽衣(はごろも) (hagoromo, “feather cloak, feather robe”) + 烏(からす) (karasu, “crow”).rendaku (連濁)

ja-compound

red-winged blackbird
red-winged blackbird

Agelaius phoeniceus
Agelaius phoeniceus#Translingual

red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)


錦華鳥

ja-noun

錦(きん)華(か)鳥(ちょう) or 錦華鳥(キンカチョウ) • (kinkachō)

錦華鳥 (canonical)
錦華鳥 (canonical)
kinkachō (romanization)


紅雀

紅雀 (canonical)
紅雀 (canonical)
benisuzume (romanization)

紅(べに) (beni, “crimson”) + 雀(すずめ) (suzume, “sparrow”)


三光鳥

ja-noun

三(さん)光(こう)鳥(ちょう) or 三光鳥(サンコウチョウ) • (sankōchō)

三光鳥 (canonical)
三光鳥 (canonical)
sankōchō (romanization)

[sã̠ŋko̞ːt͡ɕo̞ː]

三光(さんこう) (sankō, “three lights; sun, moon, stars”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)

ja-compound

black paradise flycatcher, Terpsiphone atrocaudata


赤猿子

ja-noun

赤(あか)猿(まし)子(こ) or 赤猿子(アカマシコ) • (akamashiko)

赤猿子 (canonical)
赤猿子 (canonical)
akamashiko (romanization)

赤(あか) (aka, “red”) + 猿子(ましこ) (mashiko, “rosefinch”)

ja-compound

Carpodacus erythrinus
Carpodacus erythrinus#Translingual


楓鳥

ja-noun

楓(かえで)鳥(ちょう) or 楓鳥(カエデチョウ) • (kaedechō)

楓鳥 (canonical)
楓鳥 (canonical)
kaedechō (romanization)

楓(かえで) (kaede, “maple”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)

ja-compound

black-rumped waxbill, Estrilda troglodytes


蜘蛛狩鳥

ja-noun

蜘蛛(くも)狩(かり)鳥(どり) or 蜘蛛狩鳥(クモカリドリ) • (kumokaridori)

蜘蛛狩鳥 (canonical)
蜘蛛狩鳥 (canonical)
kumokaridori (romanization)

spiderhunter, large Asian sunbird of the genus Arachnothera

小蜘蛛狩鳥

小蜘蛛狩鳥 コクモカリドリ


小紋鳥

小(こ)紋(もん)鳥(ちょう) or 小紋鳥(コモンチョウ) • (komonchō)

小紋鳥 (canonical)
小紋鳥 (canonical)
komonchō (romanization)

[ko̞mõ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]

小紋(こもん) (komon, “fine pattern”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)


木走

木走 (canonical)
木走 (canonical)
kibashiri (romanization)

Eurasian treecreeper
Eurasian treecreeper

Certhia familiaris
Certhia familiaris#Translingual

Eurasian treecreeper, Certhia familiaris


山娘

山娘 (canonical)
山娘 (canonical)
yamamusume (romanization)

山(やま) (yama, “mountain”) + 娘(むすめ) (musume, “daughter, young lady”)


碧鵲

碧鵲 (canonical)
碧鵲 (canonical)
hekisan (romanization)

短尾碧鵲

短尾碧鵲 タンベヘキサン


深山烏

ja-noun

深(み)山(やま)烏(がらす) or 深山烏(ミヤマガラス) • (miyamagarasu)

深山烏 (canonical)
深山烏 (canonical)
miyamagarasu (romanization)

深山(みやま) (miyama, “deep mountains”) + 烏(からす) (karasu, “crow”). The karasu changes to garasu as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

Corvus frugilegus
Corvus frugilegus#Translingual


竈鳥

竈鳥 (canonical)
kamado-dori (romanization)

ovenbird, a bird in the family Furnariidae


蜜吸

ja-noun

蜜(みつ)吸(すい) • (mitsusui) ^(←みつすひ (mitusufi)?)

蜜吸 (canonical)
mitsusui (romanization)
mitusufi (romanization)
みつすひ (hiragana historical)

honeyeater, a bird in the family Meliphagidae


冠雲雀

冠(かんむり)雲雀(ひばり) or 冠雲雀(カンムリヒバリ) • (kanmurihibari)

冠雲雀 (canonical)
冠雲雀 (canonical)
kanmurihibari (romanization)

[kã̠mːɯ̟ɾʲiçiba̠ɾʲi]

冠(かんむり) (kanmuri, “black lacquered court cap”) + 雲雀(ひばり) (hibari, “lark”)

ja-compound

Galerida cristata
Galerida cristata#Translingual


笛烏

[ɸɯ̟e̞ɡa̠ɾa̠sɨ]

笛(ふえ) (fue, “flute”) + 烏(からす) (karasu, “crow”). The karasu changes to garasu as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


土巣鳥

ja-noun

土(つち)巣(す)鳥(どり) or 土巣鳥(ツチスドリ) • (tsuchisudori)

土巣鳥 (canonical)
土巣鳥 (canonical)
tsuchisudori (romanization)

Grallina cyanoleuca
Grallina cyanoleuca#Translingual


萱昇

萱昇 (canonical)
萱昇 (canonical)
kayanobori (romanization)

collared finchbill, Spizixos semitorques


烏秋

烏(おう)秋(ちゅう) or 烏秋(オウチュウ) • (ōchū)

烏秋 (canonical)
烏秋 (canonical)
ōchū (romanization)


鮫鶲

鮫鶲 (canonical)
鮫鶲 (canonical)
samebitaki (romanization)

鮫(さめ) (same, “shark”) + 鶲(ひたき) (hitaki, “flycatcher”). The hitaki changes to bitaki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

dark-sided flycatcher, Muscicapa sibirica


髭雀

髭雀 (canonical)
髭雀 (canonical)
higegara (romanization)


萩猿子

ja-noun

萩(はぎ)猿(まし)子(こ) or 萩猿子(ハギマシコ) • (hagimashiko)

萩猿子 (canonical)
萩猿子 (canonical)
hagimashiko (romanization)

萩(はぎ) (hagi, “bush clover”) + 猿子(ましこ) (mashiko, “a bird in family Fringillidae with red or pink plumage”)


便追

便追 (canonical)
便追 (canonical)
binzui (romanization)

Anthus hodgsoni
Anthus hodgsoni#Translingual


舞子鳥

舞子鳥 (canonical)
maikodori (romanization)

舞子(まいこ) (maiko, “dancing girl”) + 鳥(とり) (tori, “bird”). The tori changes to dori as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


画眉鳥

ja-noun

画(が)眉(び)鳥(ちょう) or 画眉鳥(ガビチョウ) • (gabichō)

画眉鳥 (canonical)
画眉鳥 (canonical)
gabichō (romanization)

[ɡa̠bʲit͡ɕo̞ː]

画眉(がび) (gabi, “drawn on eyebrow”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)

ja-compound

Chinese hwamei, melodious laughingthrush, Garrulax canorus


裁縫鳥

裁縫(さいほう) (saihō, “needlework, sewing”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)

tailorbird, a bird of species Orthotomus


青雀

青雀 (canonical)
青雀 (canonical)
aogara (romanization)

Cyanistes caeruleus
Cyanistes caeruleus#Translingual


瑠璃雀

瑠璃雀 (canonical)
瑠璃雀 (canonical)
rurigara (romanization)


扇鶲

ja-noun

扇(おうぎ)鶲(びたき) or 扇鶲(オウギビタキ) • (ōgibitaki)

扇鶲 (canonical)
扇鶲 (canonical)
ōgibitaki (romanization)

扇(おうぎ) (ōgi, “folding fan”) + 鶲(ひたき) (hitaki, “flycatcher”)


瑠璃鳥

ja-noun

瑠(る)璃(り)鳥(ちょう) or 瑠璃鳥(ルリチョウ) • (rurichō)

瑠璃鳥 (canonical)
瑠璃鳥 (canonical)
rurichō (romanization)

[ɾɯ̟ɾʲit͡ɕo̞ː]

瑠璃(るり) (ruri, “azure”) + 鳥(ちょう) (chō, “bird”)

ja-compound

Taiwan whistling-thrush, Myophonus insularis


八哥鳥

ja-noun

八(はっ)哥(か)鳥(ちょう) or 八哥鳥(ハッカチョウ) • (hakkachō)

八哥鳥 (canonical)
八哥鳥 (canonical)
hakkachō (romanization)