Madrid

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

Madrid (a province of the Community of Madrid, Spain)


Palermo

English: Palermo

Ottoman Turkish: پالرمو (Palermo)

Turkish: Palermo

Palermo (a city and province of Sicily, Italy)


Valencia

Valencia (a province of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


Verona

→ English: Verona


Alessandria

Alessandria (a city and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Cuneo

From Latin cuneus (“wedge”) (whence cuneo and conio), after the shape of the city, which is at the confluence of two rivers. Cognate to Piedmontese Coni.


Novara

Novara (a town and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Agrigento

Borrowed from Latin Agrigentum, possibly from the root words ager (“field”) and gēns (“clan, kin”), but more likely to be a corruption of Ancient Greek Ἀκράγᾰντᾰ (Akrágăntă), from ἄκρος (ákros, “at the edge”). Cognate to Sicilian Girgenti.

Agrigento (a province and city in Sicily, Italy)


Ancona

From Latin Ancōna, from ancōn (“curve, elbow”), due to the form of the cape where the city was founded.

Ancona (a city and province of Marche, Italy)


Aosta

Ultimately from the Latin name of the location, Augusta Praetōria Salassōrum. Cognate with French Aoste, Franco-Provençal Outa, Sicilian Agusta.

Aosta (the sole province of Valle d'Aosta, Italy)


Arezzo

From Latin Ārrētium, from Etruscan 𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌕𐌉𐌌 (aritim).

Arezzo (a city and province of Tuscany, Italy)


Ascoli Piceno

Ascoli Piceno (a town and province of Italy)


Benevento

Benevento (a province of Campania, Italy)


Bergamo

Bergamo (a city and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Biella

First appears as Bugella in Medieval Latin during the early 9th century.

Biella (a city and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Bologna

From Latin Bonōnia, ultimately from Celtic.


Brescia

From Lombard Brèsa, Latin Brixia, probably from a Gaulish/Celtic (Cisalpine) root meaning "hill".


Brindisi

From Latin Brundisium, from Ancient Greek Βρεντέσιον (Brentésion), said to be from the Messapic word for the head of a male deer, possibly based on the shape of the port. Compare Proto-Albanian *brina (Albanian bri) and *drani (Albanian dre).

Brindisi (a city and province of Apulia, Italy)


Cagliari

From Latin Caralis, ultimately of Phoenician origin.

Cagliari (a city and province of Sardinia, Italy)


Caltanissetta

From the Arabic name in antiquity, قَلْعَة النِسَاء (qalʕa an-nisāʔ, “Fort of the Women”).

Caltanissetta (a city and province of Sicily, Italy)


Campobasso

The original name in Medieval Latin was Campus Vassorum, indicating the city was a seat of vassals. It later changed to its current form, meaning "low field" (campo + basso).

Campobasso (a town and province of Italy)


Caserta

From Medieval Latin casa irta (“impregnable house”), referring to its elevation in relation to the surrounding area.


Catanzaro

From Latin Catanciarium, from the earlier Catacium, from the original Ancient Greek name Katantza'rion, from Καταρτάριοι (Katartárioi, “silk spinners”), as the town was known for its silk.

Catanzaro (a town and province of Italy)


Cosenza

From Latin Cōnsentia, Cosentia, from consentia.

Cosenza (a town and province of Calabria, Italy)


Cremona

Cremona (a province and city in Lombardy, Italy)


Crotone

Learned from Latin Crotōn or Crotō, ultimately from Ancient Greek Κρότων (Krótōn).
Historically known as Cotrone from the Middle Ages until 1928, when the ancient spelling was restored and imposed, because of the Fascist toponymical policies. It is still called Cutrona in the local Sicilian-calabrian dialect. Compare the surname Cutrona, which is borrowed from the Sicilian Cutrona.


Enna

From Latin Henna or Haenna, of obscure origin. Originally known as Castrogiovanni from the local Sicilian Castrugiuvanni, from the Arabic name for it, قَصْر يَانِيّ (qaṣr yāniyy, “castle of John”), actually a corruption of Latin castrum ("fort") and Henna. The name was changed in 1927 under Mussolini.


Foggia

From Latin Fodia, later form of Fovea (“small pit”). See fovea.

A province of Apulia, Italy, around the city.


Frosinone

Frosinone (a town and province of Lazio, Italy)


Imperia

A town and province on the coast of Liguria, Italy


La Spezia

From Latin Spedia, plus the definite article.

La Spezia (a province and city in Liguria, Italy)


Lecce

Evolution of the original Roman names, Latin Licea, Litium (2nd century CE), and Lupiae (3rd century BCE).

Lecce (a city and province of Apulia, Italy)


Lecco

From Latin Leucum, of Celtic/Gaulish origin, from or related to leux (“shining, white”).


Livorno

From Old Italian Legorno, from Latin Liburnus, from Liburnī, name of the ancient population of Liburnians.

Livorno (a province and city in Tuscany, Italy)


Lodi

Was known in Latin in Roman times as Laus Pompeia or Laus Nova, from laus (“praise”) (genitive laudis), whence lode came in Italian.


Macerata

Probably from macerie (“rubble”), referring to the city's rebuilding after the Goths' destruction of Ricina.


Messina

From Latin Messāna, from Ancient Greek Μεσσήνη (Messḗnē, “Messene”), named by a Greek tyrant after the site of Ancient Messene in Peloponnese, Greece.

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Messina (a city and province of Sicily, Italy)


Modena

From Latin Mutina, from Etruscan 𐌌𐌖𐌕𐌍𐌀 (mutna).

Modena (a province of Emilia-Romagna, Italy)


Nuoro

Borrowed from Sardinian Nùgoro. Cognate with Sicilian Nùguru.

Nuoro (a town and province of Sardinia, Italy)


Oristano

From Latin Aristianis, later Aristanis (Byzantine Greek Αριστάνις (Aristánis)).

Oristano (a province of Sardinia, Italy)


Perugia

Perugia (a city and province of Umbria, Italy)


Pescara

From Latin Piscaria (“abounding with fish”); see piscis. Former name Aternum.


Piacenza

From the Latin Placentia, from placentia < placēns (“pleasing, welcoming”).


Pordenone

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia#English

Pordenone (a province of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy)


Potenza

From Latin Potentia, from potentia < potens.

Potenza (a city and province of Basilicata, Italy)


Ragusa

Ragusa (a town and province of Sicily, Italy)


Ravenna

From Latin Ravenna, possibly of Etruscan origin.


Rieti

Borrowed from Latin Reāte, possibly ultimately via Proto-Italic *reia-te- from Proto-Indo-European *rey- (“to flow”).


Rimini

Rimini (a province of Emilia-Romagna, Italy)


Rovigo

Rovigo (a province and town in Veneto, Italy)


Salerno

From Latin Salernum, from one of the city's Etruscan names.

Salerno (a city and province of Campania, Italy)


Savona

From Latin Savōnem f, with the ending feminized to /-a/.


Sondrio

Sondrio (a town and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Taranto

From Latin Tarentum, from Ancient Greek Τάρᾱς (Tárās), probably from Illyrian *darandos (“oak”), from Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”), which also yields Albanian dru (“wood, tree”).


Teramo

Ultimately from the Latin name of the site, Interamnia Praetutorium (“city of the Praetutii tribe between two rivers”) or Interamnium, later becoming Teramum.


Terni

From Latin Interamna Nahars (literally “between rivers”), referring to the Nera and Tiber. See also Ancient Greek Ἰντέραμνα (Intéramna).


Trapani

Ultimately from Latin Drepanum, Drepanon, Ancient Greek Δρέπανον (Drépanon, “sickle”), a reference to the curving shape of its harbor.


Trento

Inherited from Latin Tridentum (literally “three teeth”), named for the three hills that surround the city.

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Trentino-Alto Adige
Trentino-Alto Adige#English

(rare) Trentino (a province of Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy)


Treviso

From Latin Tarvisium, Tarvisum, from the name of the Celtic tribe, Taurusci.

Treviso (a town and province of Veneto, Italy)


Trieste

From Latin Tergeste, probably of Venetic origin. The first element, terg may have meant "market" (thus cognate to Albanian treg, Proto-Slavic *tъrgъ, Old Norse torg), and the second element, -est, may have meant "place".


Varese

Ultimately from Latin Baretium, Varetium, Varesium, borrowed via Lombard.


Vercelli

Vercelli (a town and province of Piedmont, Italy)


Vicenza

From the Latin Vīcentia, a form of Vīcētia.


Viterbo

Viterbo (a province and town in Lazio, Italy)


Napoli

From Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεᾱ́πολῐς (Neā́polĭs), from νέᾱ (néā, “new”) + πόλῐς (pólĭs, “city”).

Naples (a province and city in Campania, Italy)


Nuova Scozia

From nuova (feminine of nuovo (“new”)) + Scozia (“Scotland”); calque of Latin Nova Scotia.

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feminine of <i class="Latn mention" lang="it">nuovo</i> (“new”)


Bari

From Latin Bārium, probably from Messapic; an appellative akin to *bauria, *burion (“house”), from Proto-Indo-European **bʰuH-ros (“dwelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow”). Cognate with English bower.

Bari (a city and province of Apulia, Italy)


Canton

Borrowed from Portuguese Cantão, from Mandarin 廣東 /广东 (Guǎngdōng).


Parma

From Latin Parma, from Etruscan 𐌐𐌀𐌓𐌌𐌄 (parme).


Pisa

From Latin Pīsae, also known as the colony of Portus Pisanus in Roman times. The place name is ultimately of Etruscan origin, though of unknown meaning.

Pisa (a city and province of Tuscany, Italy)


Cantabria

autonomous community
autonomous community

Cantabria (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Cordova

Córdoba (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


Padova

Ultimately from Latin Patavium, which may have had a variant Vulgar Latin form *Patava/*Pataua, later monophthongized to Padoa in the local Venetan language, and transcribed as Padua in Medieval Latin; this then became Padova in the Tuscan dialect (and hence later Italian) after labialization of the 'u'.

Padua (a city and province of Veneto, Italy)


Mantova

From Latin Mantua, from Etruscan *𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌈𐌅𐌀 (*manθva).

Mantua (a city and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Barcellona

Barcelona (a province of Catania, Italy)


Trebisonda

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τραπεζοῦντα (Trapezoûnta).


Siviglia

Borrowed from Spanish Sevilla, from Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya), from Latin Hispalis, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “plain, valley”).

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إِشْبِيلِيَة

Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya)

Seville (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


Siracusa

From Latin Syrācūsae, from Ancient Greek Συράκουσαι (Surákousai). Compare Sicilian Saragusa.


Frisia

Friesland (a province of the Netherlands)


Reggio Emilia

A city and province of Emilia-Romagna, Italy


Cadice

Borrowed from Spanish Cádiz, from Arabic قَادِس (qādis), from Latin Gādēs, from Ancient Greek Γάδειρα (Gádeira), from Phoenician 𐤂𐤃𐤓 (gdr /gādēr, gādīr/).


Asturie

Asturias (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Anversa

Borrowed from French Anvers, from Dutch Antwerpen.


Aquitania

Aquitaine (a historical region in France)


Baleari

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Balearic Islands (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Groninga

Groningen (a province of the Netherlands)


Sud Tirolo

(rare) South Tyrol (a province of Trentino, north-eastern Italy)


Barletta-Andria-Trani

A province of Apulia, Italy having Barletta, Andria and Trani as its three capoluoghi


Olbia-Tempio

A province of Sardinia, Italy, centered on the towns of Olbia and Tempio Pausania


Chiang Mai

Chiang Mai (a city and province of Thailand)