so

Ní raibh aoinne cloinne age n-a muinntir ach í agus do mhéaduigh sin uirrim agus grádh na ndaoine don inghean óg so.

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 193:

Her parents had no children but her, and that increased the esteem and love of the people for this young girl.

Munster form of seo (used after a word ending in a velarized ("broad") consonant)


do

From Old Irish do, from Proto-Celtic *towe (“your, thy”); compare Welsh dy, Cornish dha, Breton da.

Cá bhfuil do charr?


sin

From Middle Irish sin, from Old Irish sin.

an buachaill sin


san

an fear san

(nonstandard) Alternative form of sin (“that”) (used after a broad consonant)


d'

d’athair

(before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: your (singular)


t'

before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu

before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi

(Cois Fharraige) Alternative form of d’ (“your (singular)”)


úr

úr (mutation mutation-radical)
n-úr (eclipsis mutation)
húr (mutation prothesis-h)
t-úr (mutation prothesis-t)


mo

From Old Irish mo, mu; see there for more.

mo bhád

mo mháthair

Tá sé ag mo bhualadh

me (direct object pronoun before verbal noun)


ár

From Old Irish ar, from Proto-Celtic *anserom, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥serōm, from *nos (“we, us”); compare German unser.

ár dteach

Ár nAthair


a

From Old Irish a, from Proto-Celtic *esyo (the final vowel triggering lenition), feminine Proto-Celtic *esyās (the final -s triggering h-prothesis), plural Proto-Celtic *ēsom (the final nasal triggering eclipsis), all from the genitive forms of Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Welsh ei.

a athair agus a mháthair

Chaill an t-éan a chleití.


a

a hathair agus a máthair

Bhris an mheaig a heiteog.


a

a n-athair agus a máthair

a dtithe

a n-ainmneacha


a

A ghéire a labhair sí!

A fheabhas atá sé!


aon

head

aon (triggers lenition except of d, s, and t)

except of d (triggers-lenition)
s (triggers-lenition)
t (triggers-lenition)

From Old Irish óen, from Proto-Celtic *oinos (compare Welsh un), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (compare Latin ūnus, Old English ān).

aon bhád


seo

an abhainn seo


cén

cé na (plural)
of a following feminine noun (triggers-lenition)

Cén lá den tseachtain é?

Cén bhean í sin?


cá

Cá haois é?

Cá tairbhe duit é?


pé

Pé áit no pé tír go mbeidh stuidéir air, tair chugham-sa le scéala agus is maith é do luach saothair.

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 196:

Whatever place or whatever country he stays in, come to me with the news and your remuneration will be good.

Synonym of cibé (“whichever, whatever, what”)


gach

gach (mutation mutation-radical)
ngach (eclipsis mutation)

From Middle Irish gach, from Old Irish cach, proclitic form of cách, from Proto-Celtic *kʷākʷos (compare Welsh pob).

Seachtmhain roimhe Shamhain chuaidh an Seónstanach siar ⁊ seacht ngearráin ⁊ péire cliabh air ghach gearrán fá choinne a chuid ime.

1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:

A week before Samhain, Johnstone went back with seven geldings and a pair of panniers on each gelding for his butter.


bhur

bhur dteach

bhur n-athair


uile

From Old Irish uile, from Proto-Celtic *olyos (“all, whole, every”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂olyos.


úd

From Old Irish út, contracted from Old Irish ucut (“yonder”), which is probably identical with the prepositional pronoun ocut (“at you”).

an cnoc úd

(used with the definite article) yon, yonder; that...over there (with implication of distance in space or time)


ar bith

/ɛɾʲˈbʲɪ(h)/

An bhfuil airgead ar bith agat?

Níl páistí ar bith agam.

ə wān̄ tū n balə šin? ńī āĭm balə ŕ bi.

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 43:

Do you get that smell? I don’t get any smell at all.

any…at all (used in negatives and questions)


diabhal

diabhal (mutation mutation-radical)
dhiabhal (lenition mutation)
ndiabhal (eclipsis mutation)

/ˈdʲɨ̞wəl̪ˠ/

From Old Irish díabul, from Latin diabolus (“devil”), from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos, “slanderer”).

der

diabhal focal

diabhal duine


gach uile

/ɡa ˈfˠɛlʲə/

/ɡax ˈfˠɛlʲə/


cé na

cén (singular)
of a following vowel (triggers-h-prothesis)

Cé na himreoirí atá acu?

Cé na fir iad sin?

(interrogative) plural of cén (“what, which”)


éicint

éicint (mutation mutation-radical)
n-éicint (eclipsis mutation)
héicint (mutation prothesis-h)


inteacht

inteacht (mutation mutation-radical)
n-inteacht (eclipsis mutation)
hinteacht (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˈɪn̠ʲtʲəxt̪ˠ/

Shortened from éicinteacht, an extension of éicin, a variant of éigin.


éigin

From Old Irish éicin (“of necessity, surely, of truth, indeed; some, any; some...or other; a certain; an indefinite quantity or number, some, a certain number, about”), in origin a dative form of éicen (see modern éigean).

inh

ar chuma éigin

duine éigin eile

rud éigin

some (a certain, unspecified or unknown)

céad éigin

fiche éigin punt


cibé

Contracted from cé b’é (literally “who/what it may be”)

cibé leabhair atá fágtha


ar chor ar bith

[ə ˌxɔɾˠ əˈbʲɪ(h)]

An bhfuil airgead ar chor ar bith agat?

Níl páistí ar chor ar bith agam.

any at all (used in negatives and questions)


'ur

head

’ur (triggers eclipsis of the following word)

’ur (canonical)
of the following word (triggers-eclipsis)


eicínt

eicínt (mutation mutation-radical)
n-eicínt (eclipsis mutation)
heicínt (mutation prothesis-h)

/əˈciːn̠ʲtʲ/


n-a

Alternative form of a (“his, her, their”)


achan

Alternative form of gach aon (“each, every”)


éigint

/ˈeːɟɪn̠ʲtʲ/


in aon chor

[əˌn̪ˠeːxəɾˠ]

Aon tuairim in aon chor agat?

Ní dochtúir in aon chor é.


cé acu

From cé + acu, third-person plural inflected form of ag (“at; of”).

Cé acu ceann is fearr?


gach aon darna

/xeːn ˈd̪ˠɑːɾˠnə/

caiən̄ n̥ doxtūŕ eǵə x ēn dārnə l̄ā fiəxń̥c, ḱē mar tā šē cȧxt eǵə hēn.

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 64:

The doctor visits him every other day to see how he is getting along.

Alternative form of gach dara (“every second, every other”)


araile

From Old Irish arale, alaile, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Middle Welsh arall), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.