can

can (mutation mutation-radical)
chan (lenition mutation)
gcan (eclipsis mutation)


as

Cas as an raidió.

Chuir mé an solas as.

off (in or into a state of non-operation or non-existence: of a machine, light, etc.)

Tá an tine as.

out (in or into a state of non-operation or non-existence: of a fire, etc.)


acht

Obsolete spelling of ach (“but, only, merely”).


ach

From Old Irish acht (“but, except”), from Proto-Celtic *extos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.


fiú

fiú (mutation mutation-radical)
fhiú (lenition mutation)
bhfiú (eclipsis mutation)

From Old Irish fíu, from Proto-Celtic *wesus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus.

Níl sé leathlán fiú.


cár

Cár chodail tú aréir?

Cár chuala tú é sin?


beo

From Old Irish béo (“alive”), from Proto-Celtic *biwos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”). Compare Welsh byw.

Níl a fhios agam beo.

for the life of one
for the life of one#English

(in a negative sentence) for the life of one


mar

Possibly from Middle Irish i mbaile (“where”) from Old Irish baile (“place”), probably contaminated by mar (“as, like”) or with dissimilation in forms like early modern a mbail a bhfuil, cognate with Scottish Gaelic far (“where”), compare Old Irish fail (“where”).

Fan mar a bhfuil tú.

where (relative, not interrogative, followed by indirect relative)


soir

From Middle Irish sair. Variant of the synonym an ear, from Old Irish an air (“from before”).


isteach

From Old Irish istech (literally “into the house”).

inh

in, inward, inside (moving towards the inside)


amach

→ Yola: amach, ammache

From Old Irish i mmach (literally “into the plain”).


díreach

From Old Irish díriuch, from Latin dīrectus.

D'athraigh mé anois go díreach iad.


anois

From Old Irish indossa (compare Scottish Gaelic a-nis, Manx nish).


deas

From Old Irish dess (“right-hand; south; right, just; convenient, agreeable”), from Proto-Celtic *dexswos, from Proto-Indo-European *deḱswo-, from *deḱs- (“right-hand side”).

(destination) south, southerly, to the south


deiseal

From Old Irish dessel, from dess (“right, south”) and sel (“turn”).


ann

From Old Irish and, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥dó


amuigh

From Middle Irish ammaig, from Old Irish i mmaig (literally “in a field”). For the same semantic development compare colloquial Welsh mas (“out”) < i'r maes (literally “to the field”) and Breton er-maez (“out, outside”).


seo

Cuir é seo.

Seo isteach leat.


eile

From Old Irish aile (“second, (an)other”), from Proto-Celtic *alyos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos (“other, out of a group of more than two”), from *h₂el- (“beyond”).


eile

eile (mutation mutation-radical)
n-eile (eclipsis mutation)
heile (mutation prothesis-h)

Alternative form of uile (“all, wholly, entirely”)


ris

From Old Irish ris (“bare, exposed, uncovered”, adjective).


crosta

crosta (mutation mutation-radical)
chrosta (lenition mutation)
gcrosta (eclipsis mutation)

/ˈkrˠɔs̪ˠt̪ˠə/


leis

From Old Irish leis (“uncovered, bare”).


suas

up, upwards (from a level or high to a higher or even higher position)

(genealogy, of ancestral line) backwards


ansan

ansan (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ansan (eclipsis mutation)
hansan (mutation prothesis-h)

[ən̪ˠˈsˠan̪ˠ]


trá

From Old Irish trá (“then, therefore, so, indeed”).


aleis

Alternative form of ris (“bare, uncovered, exposed”)


cá

Cá bhfuil tú?

Cá ndeachaigh sé?

cár

used with the past tense and in copular constructions before a consonant

cárbh

used in copular constructions before a vowel


abhus

From i bhfus (“in a state of rest”): i (“in”) + fus, archaic dative of fos (“state of rest”).


sách

From Old Irish sáithech, sáthach (“satisfied, filled, content, of good cheer, flourishing”), from sáith (“sufficiency, as much as one requires, fill (of food); customary meal, appetite”).


go deo

From Middle Irish co dead, from Old Irish co (“until”) + Old Irish dead (“end”) (but the collocation is not attested until Middle Irish).


cathain

Cathain a thiocfaidh tú abhaile?

Cathain atá an bus ag teacht?

Cathain a d'fhág siad?


sa bhaile

/sˠə ˈvˠalʲə/

/sˠə ˈwɛlʲə/


inniu

From Old Irish indiu, composed of i (“in”) or in (“the”) plus the dative singular of día (“day”). Compare inné (“yesterday”).


aréir

From Old Irish irráir (“the time before the dawn”) (compare Scottish Gaelic a-raoir, Manx riyr). aréir with /eː/ instead of expected *aráir may be in analogy with inné (“yesterday”).

vī fī ḱēm agń̥ ərḗŕ.

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 100:


Dé Máirt

/dʲeː mˠaːɾˠtʲ/


Dé Domhnaigh

/dʲeː ˈd̪ˠaun̪ˠɪɟ/

/dʲeː ˈd̪ˠuːn̪ˠə/

/dʲeː ˈd̪ˠoːn̪ˠə/

/dʲeː ˈd̪ˠoːn̪ˠiː/

/dʲeː ˈd̪ˠoːn̪ˠi/


Dé Sathairn

/dʲeː ˈsˠahəɾˠnʲ/

/dʲeː ˈsˠaɾʲən/

/dʲa ˈsˠahəɾˠn̠ʲ/

From Old Irish día Sathairn, a calque of Latin diēs Sāturnī.


Dé Luain

/dʲeːˈl̪ˠuənʲ/

/dʲeːˈl̪ˠuːnʲ/

From Middle Irish día lúain, borrowed from Latin dies Lunae.


Déardaoin

Déardaoin (mutation mutation-radical)
Dhéardaoin (lenition mutation)
nDéardaoin (eclipsis mutation)

/ˌdʲeːɾˠˈd̪ˠiːnʲ/

From dé (“day”) + idir (“between”) + dhá (“two”) + aoine (“fast”) (literally, "day between two fastings").


ar ball

/ɛɾʲ bˠaul̪ˠ/

/ɛɾʲ bˠɑːl̪ˠ/

/ɛɾʲ bˠal̪ˠ/


anocht

/əˈn̪ˠɔxt̪ˠ/

/əˈn̪ˠʌxt̪ˠ/

/əˈn̪ˠɔxt̪ˠ/

/əˈn̪ˠʌxt̪ˠ/

From Old Irish innocht, from the definite article in followed by an oblique case form of Proto-Celtic *noxs.


amárach

/(ə)ˈmˠɑːɾˠəx/

From Old Irish i mbárach (“tomorrow”), from bárach (“morrow”), from Proto-Celtic *bāregos (“morning”) (compare Welsh bore, Cornish bore, Breton beure), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥Hko- (compare English morning, Lithuanian mérkti (“to blink, twinkle”), Sanskrit मरीचि (marīci, “ray of light”)), from *mer- (“to shimmer, shine”) (compare Greek μέρα (méra, “morning”)), but the phonetic development would be highly irregular and unexplained.

aiŕō mē eŕ mŭȧȷn̥ əmā́rəx eǵ ə kūǵ ō xlog.

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 97:

I will get up at five o'clock tomorrow morning.

feḱə mē mārəx ē.


a chlog

a haon a chlog

a dó a chlog


arís

From Middle Irish darísse, from Old Irish do ḟrithissi (“your return track”) and a ḟrithissi (“his return track”), from frith- + éis. Cognate with Scottish Gaelic a-rithist.


féin

From Old Irish féin, from Proto-Celtic *swesin (from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“oneself”)) + *sin (anaphoric pronoun).

má tá féin


cheana

From Old Irish cene; cognate with Welsh gynneu.


os cionn

/ɔsˠˈcuːn̪ˠ/

/əsˠˈcɨ̞n̪ˠ/


uile

uile (mutation mutation-radical)
n-uile (eclipsis mutation)
huile (mutation prothesis-h)

From Old Irish uile, from Proto-Celtic *olyos (“all, whole, every”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂olyos.


amú

From Old Irish i mmudu, from madae (“vain, ineffectual”).


araon

From Middle Irish aráen, from Old Irish ar óen (fri) (“together, at the same time (with)”, literally “as one (with)”).

sinn araon

bhur dteach araon

both (after a pronoun or noun governed by a possessive determiner)


amháin

amháin (mutation mutation-radical)
n-amháin (eclipsis mutation)
hamháin (mutation prothesis-h)

[əˈvɑ̃ːi̯nʲ]

From Middle Irish amáin, from Old Irish nammá (“only, merely”), a petrified phrase derived from a negated form of má (“more”) (a comparative form of mór, már (“great”)), thus “not more”.

capall amháin

mise amháin

Tá siad ina gcónaí san aon teach amháin.


anonn

/əˈn̪ˠuːn̪ˠ/


anall

/əˈn̪ˠɑul̪ˠ/

/əˈn̪ˠɑːl̪ˠ/

From Old Irish anall (“hitherto, thence”).


aisteach

aisteach (mutation mutation-radical)
n-aisteach (eclipsis mutation)
haisteach (mutation prothesis-h)


amhlaidh

From Middle Irish amlaid, from Old Irish samlaid (“thus, so”).

is avl̄ə tā šē.

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 13:

ȷerĭm gə wil šē avl̄ə.

ȷ ētəx šin ə ve avl̄ə.

That could be true; that could be that way


roimhe

From Middle Irish reme, remi, roime, replacing earlier ríam, from Old Irish rïam.


amáireach

/əˈmˠɑːɾʲəx/

Cois Fharraige, Cork, and Ulster form of amárach (“tomorrow”)


thall

Bhí sé thall i Meiriceá.


riamh

From Middle Irish ríam, from Old Irish rïam.

An raibh tú riamh i bPáras?

Ní dhearna mé ióga riamh cheana.


anso

anso (mutation mutation-radical)
n-anso (eclipsis mutation)
hanso (mutation prothesis-h)


roinnt

From Middle Irish roinded, from Old Irish rann. Akin to roinn.


ar bith

/ɛɾʲˈbʲɪ(h)/


síos

down, downwards (from a higher to a lower position)


thuas

Up in the lighthouse, under twinkling stars, Bronach sings the Song of the Sea to her five-year-old son, Ben.

2015 [2014], Will Collins, translated by Proinsias Mac a' Bhaird, edited by Maura McHugh, Amhrán na Mara (fiction; paperback), Kilkenny, County Kilkenny, Howth, Dublin: Cartoon Saloon; Coiscéim, translation of Song of the Sea (in English), →ISBN, page 1:


anuas

down, downwards (from a higher position than the speaker)

le seachtain anuas

now (after le + a noun indicating a period of time)


beagán

beagán (mutation mutation-radical)
bheagán (lenition mutation)
mbeagán (eclipsis mutation)

/bʲəˈɡɑːn̪ˠ/

[bʲəˈɡɑ̃ːn̪ˠ]

/ˈbʲɨ̞ɡan̪ˠ/

From Old Irish becán m (“a little, small quantity”) (compare Scottish Gaelic beagan, Manx beggan). By surface analysis, beag (“small, little”) + -án.


aníos

up, upwards (from a low position to a higher one), from below

from a country district, lesser town or centre


i gcónaí

[əɡoːˈn̪ˠiː]

[əˈɡuːn̪ˠiː]

From Middle Irish i comnaidiu (“at rest”). By surface analysis, i (“in”) + cónaí (“home”).

méadú i gcónaí

to grow constantly, ever growing, continual growth

Tá tú óg i gcónaí.

yet, still (up to a time, as in the preceding time)


conas

From Old Irish cindas; equivalent to cá (“what, which”) + ionnas (“state, matter”).

Conas a rinne tú é?

Ar maidin nuair eirigh Máire ní raibh aon phioc do’n bhfáinne ar a méir agus ní raibh fhios aici connus a imthigh sé no connus a chaill sí é, ach bhí sí go cráidhte.

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 195:

In the morning when Máire got up there was not a bit of the ring on her finger and she didn't know how it was gone or how she had lost it, but she was brokenhearted.


aduaidh

From Middle Irish atúaid, from Old Irish antúaid. By surface analysis, a + dtuaidh.


aneas

From Old Irish andes(s). By surface analysis, a + ndeas.


aniar

From an + iar, from Old Irish aníar (“from behind; from the west”) (compare íar, tíar).

inh

forward (from backward or recumbent position)


istigh

/əsˠˈt̪ˠiːç/

From Old Irish istig (literally “in the house”).


theas

From Old Irish tess, from Proto-Celtic *dexswos (“right (side)”).


araer

Obsolete spelling of aréir (“last night”).


siar

Seachtmhain roimhe Shamhain chuaidh an Seónstanach siar ⁊ seacht ngearráin ⁊ péire cliabh air ghach gearrán fá choinne a chuid ime.

1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:

A week before Samhain, Johnstone went back with seven geldings and a pair of panniers on each gelding for his butter.


mar sin

/mˠaɾˠˈʃɪnʲ/


i mbárach

Classical/deprecated spelling of amárach


airm

the place where, wherever (followed by a + indirect relative)


pianó

From English piano, from Italian piano, from Latin plānus.


cineál

cineál (mutation mutation-radical)
chineál (lenition mutation)
gcineál (eclipsis mutation)

/cɪˈnʲɑːl̪ˠ/

From Old Irish cenél (“race, kindred, kind, type”) (compare Scottish Gaelic cineal, Welsh cenedl (“race, nation”)), from Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“family”).

Tá an cat cineál dall anois ach tá sé glic go leor mar sin féin.

1988, Mícheál Ó Siadhail, Learning Irish: An Introductory Self-Tutor, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 34:

The cat is kind of blind now, but he’s clever enough all the same.


mealltach

From Old Irish melltach (“deceiving, deceitful”). By surface analysis, meallta + -ach.


tráthnóna

tráthnóna (mutation mutation-radical)
thráthnóna (lenition mutation)
dtráthnóna (eclipsis mutation)

/t̪ˠɾˠɑːn̪ˠˈhoːn̪ˠə/

/t̪ˠɾˠəˈn̪ˠuːn̪ˠə/

/t̪ˠɾˠaˈnˠõːnˠə/

/t̪ˠɾˠaˈn̪ˠõːn̪ˠə/

From tráth (“time, period”) + nóna (“'nones', the 9th hour after dawn”).

af

Beidh mé ansin tráthnóna.


le chéile

/lʲə ˈçeːlʲə/


go leor

→ English: galore

→ Scots: galore

→ Yola: galore

/ɡəˈl̠ʲoːɾˠ/

/ɡəˈl̠ʲɔːɾˠ/

/ɡəˈl̠ʲoːɾˠ/


thar sáile

/haɾˠ ˈsˠɑːlʲə/

/haɾˠ ˈsˠæːlʲə/


ceann-nochta

ceann-nochta (mutation mutation-radical)
cheann-nochta (lenition mutation)
gceann-nochta (eclipsis mutation)

From ceann- (“-headed”) + nochta (“bare”).


mórthimpeall

mórthimpeall (mutation mutation-radical)
mhórthimpeall (lenition mutation)


seachtar

seachtar (mutation mutation-radical)
sheachtar (lenition mutation)
tseachtar (lenition mutation)


de ghnáth

/d̪ˠə ɣn̪ˠɑːh/


ach oiread

/ax ˈɛɾʲəd̪ˠ/

/ax ˈɪɾʲəd̪ˠ/

/ax ˈʌɾˠəd̪ˠ/

Níl Breatnais ar bith agam ach oiread.

(chiefly in the negative) either (as well after a negative)


ar aghaidh

From Old Irish ar agaid (“before, in front of”, literally “in front of the face of”), from Old Irish agad (“face”).


.i.

Originally an abbreviation of Latin id est used in medieval manuscripts.


chomh

From Middle Irish com- (equative prefix), from Old Irish com-. Cognate with Scottish Gaelic cho and Welsh cyn (“before”).

Bhí a gúna chomh geal le sneachta.

D’fhreagair mé chomh fírinneach agus a tháinig liom

as (followed by le before a noun phrase and agus or is before a clause)

Níl sé chomh láidir sin.

Chomh hard leis!


ar dtús

/əɾˠˈd̪ˠuːsˠ/


ansiúd

[ən̪ˠˈʃuːd̪ˠ]


cén chaoi

ḱē n xȳ ə wil tū, ə æhŕ̥?

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 21:


cén uair

[ceːˈn̪ˠuəɾʲ]


cén áit

[ceːˈn̪ˠɑːtʲ]


cad é mar

Cad é mar a rinne tú é?


láithreach

From Old Irish láthrach, láithrech n (“site, position; imprint, trace”), from láthar n (“arrangement, disposition; place, position”). By surface analysis, láthair (“site, spot, area”) + -ach.

surf

/ˈlˠɑːhəɾʲəx/

/ˈl̪ˠɑːɾʲəx/

/ˈl̪ˠæːɾʲa(h)/

Déan láithreach é.


b'fhéidir

/ˈbʲeːdʲəɾʲ/


measartha

measartha (mutation mutation-radical)
mheasartha (lenition mutation)

From measair (“measure”) + -tha (compare Old Irish mesairthe).


réasúnta

/ɾˠeːˈsˠuːn̪ˠt̪ˠə/

/ˈɾˠeːsˠuːn̪ˠt̪ˠə/

/ˈɾˠeːsˠun̪ˠt̪ˠə/

From Old Irish résúnta (“possessing reason; rational”), corresponding to réasún (“reason”) + -ta.


túisce

túisce (mutation mutation-radical)
thúisce (lenition mutation)
dtúisce (eclipsis mutation)

From Middle Irish túsca, a comparative of Old Irish toísech (“first, former”).


timpeall

/ˈtʲiːmˠpˠəl̪ˠ/

/ˈtʲiːmʲpʲəl̪ˠ/

/ˈtʲɪmʲpʲiəl̪ˠ/

From Old Irish timchell, verbal noun of do·imchella (“go around, surround”).


freisin

/ˈfʲɾʲɛʃənʲ/

/ˈfˠɾˠɔʃənʲ/

From early modern fa ris sin (“morover”), from fa + ris (< Old Irish fris) + sin. Compare frae, fara (“along with”).


ar ais

From a conflation of Middle Irish ar ais, for ais, tar ais.

køńə ʒom ē šə, gə ȷȧgə mē ərǽš.

back (to or in a previous condition or place)


as éadan a chéile

San ochtú agus san naoú haois déag, thóg na maithe is na móruaisle páláis as éadan a chéile i gCathair Pheadair.

In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the gentry and nobility built one palace after another in St. Petersburg.

continuously, in succession, one by one, one after another


as éadan

Thosaigh líon buaf cána san Astráil ag méadú as éadan.

The number of cane toads in Australia began increasing greatly.

Maraíodh iad as éadan.

one by one; in rapid succession, indiscriminately; entirely, all, all together


chóir

Tá sé chóir déanta.

Tá mé chóir a bheith réidh.


breis

breis (mutation mutation-radical)
bhreis (lenition mutation)
mbreis (eclipsis mutation)

From Old Irish breis (“increase; profit, advantage”).


uaireanta

uaireanta (mutation mutation-radical)
n-uaireanta (eclipsis mutation)
huaireanta (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˈuəɾʲən̪ˠt̪ˠə/

/ˈuəɾʲən̪ˠt̪ˠiː/

The adverbial sense probably continues the usage of the Old Irish dative plural úaraib of úar (“hour”) in the same meaning "sometimes".


fosta

fosta (mutation mutation-radical)
fhosta (lenition mutation)
bhfosta (eclipsis mutation)

/ˈfˠɔsˠt̪ˠə/


fo-uair

fo-uair (mutation mutation-radical)
fho-uair (lenition mutation)
bhfo-uair (eclipsis mutation)


minic

From Old Irish menic, meinicc (“frequent, recurring often”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *menekkis (compare Scottish Gaelic minig, Manx mennick, Welsh mynych).


de dheoin

/d̪ˠəˈjoːnʲ/


éagosúil

éagosúil (mutation mutation-radical)
n-éagosúil (eclipsis mutation)
héagosúil (mutation prothesis-h)


i bhfad

From Middle Irish i fat. By surface analysis, i (“in”) + fad (“length”).

surf

i bhfad níos fearr


beagnach

[ˈbʲɔɡn̪ˠəx]

From beag (“little”) + nach (“that not”), a construction that existed already in Old Irish bec nach.


ó shin

fad(a) ó shin

cúpla bliain ó shin

Bhisigh an saol ó shin.


péin

péin (mutation mutation-radical)
phéin (lenition mutation)
bpéin (eclipsis mutation)


laistigh

/l̪ˠaʃˈtʲɪɟ/

/l̪ˠaʃˈtʲɪj/


laistiar

/l̪ˠaʃˈtʲiəɾˠ/


amanna

amanna (mutation mutation-radical)
n-amanna (eclipsis mutation)
hamanna (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˈamˠən̪ˠiː/


ar chor ar bith

[ə ˌxɔɾˠ əˈbʲɪ(h)]


ar aon chaoi

[ɛɾʲ eː ˈxiː]

at any rate, anyway, anyhow, in any case


aríst

tā sūl ām, gə veḱə mē əŕī́šc hū.


iontach

iontach (mutation mutation-radical)
n-iontach (eclipsis mutation)
hiontach (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˈuːn̪ˠt̪ˠəx/

/ˈiːn̪ˠt̪ˠəx/

From Old Irish ingantach (“wonderful”), from ingnad (compare modern ionadh).


ar ndóigh

/ɛɾʲˈn̪ˠuːj/


ar ndóiche

[ɛɾʲˈn̪ˠoːçə]


mar sin féin

[mˠaɾˠ ʃɪnʲ ˈheːnʲ]


ariamh

Alternative form of riamh (“ever; never”)


anuraidh

/əˈn̪ˠɪɾʲɪɟ/

/əˈn̪ˠɨ̞ɾˠi/

From Old Irish uraid (compare Scottish Gaelic an-uiridh, Manx nurree), from Proto-Celtic *ɸeruti, from Proto-Indo-European *péruti.


arú inné

/əɾˠuːˈn̠ʲeː/

Bhí sé ar ais aríst thar éis an lae arú inné.

He’s been back since the day before yesterday.

day before yesterday
day before yesterday


arú amáireach

/ˈaɾˠuː ˈmˠɑːɾʲəx/

Cois Fharraige and Ulster form of arú amárach (“day after tomorrow”)


arú amárach

/əɾˠuːˈmˠɑːɾˠəx/

Muise, tiocfaidh tú ar ais arú amárach.

Indeed, you’re going to come back day after tomorrow.


cén fáth

/ceːnˠ ˈfˠɑː/


i mbliana

/ə ˈmʲlʲiən̪ˠə/

/ə ˈmʲlʲiənˠə/

From Old Irish i mblíadnai, the preposition i (“in”) and the long dative of blíadain (“year”). Compare Scottish Gaelic am bliadhna, Manx mleeaney, myleeaney, Cornish hevleni, Welsh eleni.


uilig

uilig (mutation mutation-radical)
n-uilig (eclipsis mutation)
huilig (mutation prothesis-h)

Apparently a clipping of uile go léir, as cited in a letter from Holger Pedersen to Franz Nikolaus Finck.

Tá neart múinteóirí anseo, cé nach bhfuil mórán gasúir uilig ann.

1988, Mícheál Ó Siadhail, Learning Irish, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 38:

There are a lot of teachers here, although there are not many children altogether there.

(Connacht, Ulster) Alternative form of uile (“altogether, entirely”)


ar lóistín

Tá cúpla strainséara eile ar lóistín anseo.

1988, Mícheál Ó Siadhail, Learning Irish, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 47:

There are a couple of other strangers lodging here.

lodging (as present participle); in lodgings


rud beag

[ˈɾˠʊd̪ˠ ˈbʲɔɡ]

[ˈɾˠʊd̪ˠ ˈbʲɔɡ]

[ˈɾˠʊd̪ˠ ˈbʲɛɡ]

Bhí mo dhá chois rud beag tinn.


ar fad

/ɛɾʲ ˈfˠɑd̪ˠ/

/əɾʲˈfˠɑd̪ˠ/

/ɛɾʲ ˈfˠad̪ˠ/

An bhfuil sé beo ar fad?

still (up to a time, as in the preceding time)

Glaofaidh mé an mhuintir eile ar fad.

Ní drochdhuine ar fad é.

Tá teach na mbocht ansin ar fad.

Is ag bisiú ar fad atá sé.

Sin scéal eile ar fad.

Rinne mé dearmad ar fad air.

a mhalairt ar fad

quite, clean (to the greatest extent, fully, completely)

Tá sé lasmuigh de mo raonsa ar fad.

altogether (without exception, wholly, completely)

Bhí an tine ina caor ar fad.

away (on; in continuance; without intermission or delay)

Tá an t-oileán é féin timpeall’s trí mhíle ar leithead agus míle ar fhad.

1988, Mícheál Ó Siadhail, Learning Irish, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 100:

The island itself is about three miles wide and one mile long.

long, in length (with units of measurement)


ar an dé deiridh

on the ropes (showing signs of imminent failure or collapse)


go háirid

/ɡəˈhɑːɾʲədʲ/


ar maidin

/ɛɾʲ ˈmˠadʲənʲ/

nuair a mhúscail mé ar maidin


cheana féin

/ˈhɨ̞nˠəfʲænʲ/


dháiríre

/ɣɑːˈɾʲiːɾʲə/

/ɣæˈɾʲiːɾʲə/


dáiríre

dáiríre (mutation mutation-radical)
dháiríre (lenition mutation)
ndáiríre (eclipsis mutation)

/d̪ˠɑːˈɾʲiːɾʲə/

/d̪ˠæˈɾʲiːɾʲə/

From Middle Irish darírib, apparently from de ḟírib (literally “from truths”), but the source of the first r is unclear; it may have arise through conflation with expressions like ar fír (literally “on truth”) and iar fír (literally “through truth”).


i gceist

in question (under consideration or discussion)


i dtosach

/ə d̪ˠəˈsˠɑx/

/ə ˈd̪ˠɔsˠəx/


in éindí

/ə n̠ʲeːn̠ʲˈdʲiː/

/ə ˈn̠ʲeːn̠ʲdʲiː/

/ə ˈn̠ʲeːn̠ʲdʲi/

From Old Irish i n-óindig (literally “in one house”)


cuir i gcás

/ˌkɪɾʲ ə ˈɡɑːsˠ/

mo bhean chéile, cuir i gcás


sa mbaile

/sˠə ˈmˠalʲə/


archeana

From Middle Irish archena, olchena, from Old Irish olchenae (“besides”), from ol (“beyond”) and cene (“without it”).


go fóill

/ɡəˈfˠoːl̠ʲ/

/ɡəˈfˠɔːl̠ʲ/

From Old Irish co fóill (“slowly and quietly; so far yet”), from Old Irish fóill (“gentle, quiet”).

yet (thus far; continuously up to this point in time; not as of the time referenced)


as a chéile

/asˠ ə ˈçeːlʲə/

one after another, in a row, consecutively


ar cuairt

/ɛɾʲˈkuəɾˠtʲ/

Tá mé ag dul ar cuairt chuig mo mháthair.

Tá mé ar cuairt ag Máirtín.
I’m visiting Máirtín.

to visit, visiting (with chun or chuig after verbs of motion; with ag without motion)


adrásta

From Middle Irish trásta (“now, forthwith”), a metathesis of Old Irish tráth-sa.


ó mo chroí amach

from the bottom of my heart
from the bottom of one's heart


ar an ásc sin

/ɛɾʲ ənˠ ˈɑːsk ʃanˠ/

/ɛɾʲ ənˠ ˈɑːsk ʃɪnʲ/

/ɛɾʲ ənˠ ˈæːsk ʃɪnʲ/


amogha

Alternative form of amú (“wasted, in vain; astray”)


arna mhárach

D’éiríodar go moch arna mhárach dá bhrí sin agus d’ofráladar íobairtí loiscthe agus thugadar leo íobairtí síochána; ansin shuigh an pobal uile chun bia agus dí, agus d’éiríodar chun scléipe.

And they rose up early on the morrow, and offered burnt offerings, and brought peace offerings; and the people sat down to eat and to drink, and rose up to play. (KJV)


d'ainneoin

/d̪ˠəˈnʲuːnʲ/

/ˈd̪ˠan̠ʲoːnʲ/

/əˈjæn̠ʲænʲ/

/əˈɣæn̠ʲænʲ/


athuair

From ath- (“re-, again”) + uair (“hour, time”).


tuathal

/ˈt̪ˠuəhəl̪ˠ/

/ˈt̪ˠuəhəlˠ/

/ˈt̪ˠuəfəlˠ/

/ˈt̪ˠuəfəl̪ˠ/

From Old Irish túaithbel, from túath (“left, north”) + sel (“turn”).


ar leithead

/ɛɾʲˈl̠ʲeːd̪ˠ/

troigh ar leithead

wide, in width (with units of measurement)


ar éigean

From the Old Irish prepositional phrase ar éicin (“under compulsion”), from ar (“on account of”) + éicin (“necessity”, dat. sg.).

Tá sé beo ar éigean.

barely, scarcely, only just, with difficulty

An dtiocfaidh sé? —Is ar éigean é.


go leith

From Old Irish co leth, from co (“with”) and leth (“side; half”).

bliain go leith

trí huaire go leith


ó dheas

From Old Irish fa dess (“southwards”), fo dess, itself being Old Irish fo (“under, towards”) + dess (“south”).


ó thuaidh

From Old Irish fa thúaith (“northwards”), fo thúaid, itself being Old Irish fo (“under, towards”) + túaid (“north”).


i bhfus

Superseded spelling of abhus (“here, on this side”).


faoi láthair

/fˠiː ˈl̪ˠɑːɾʲ/


amanathar

the day after tomorrow; the second day after


aneachtair

From Old Irish anechtair (“from outside”), from an + echtair (“without, outside”).


amainiris

two days after tomorrow
two days after tomorrow


ar cuaird

/ɛɾʲ ˈkuəɾˠdʲ/

Ba ghnáthach le captaen óg luinge teacht ar cuaird go tig an cheannaidhe go minic agus do bhíodh sé ana-cheanamhail ar Mháire Bhán.

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 193:

A young ship’s captain had the custom of often visiting the merchant’s house and he was very fond of Máire Bhán.


annsúd

Alternative form of ansiúd (“yonder; there beyond”)


dóbair

/ˈd̪ˠoːbˠəɾʲ/

From the past tense d'fhóbair of fóbair (“to attack, approach, attempt”).

Dóbair dom é a bhriseadh.

Dóbair gur bhris mé é.

Ba dhóbair dom é a bhriseadh.

Ba dhóbair gur bhris mé é.

almost (in the past tense); it almost happened


hóbair

Cois Fharraige and Ulster form of dóbair


anórthar

Alternative form of anóirthear (“the day after tomorrow”)


ina dhiaidh sin

/ɪnˠə ˈjiə ʃinʲ/


anóirthear

anóirthear (mutation mutation-radical)
n-anóirthear (eclipsis mutation)
hanóirthear (mutation prothesis-h)

/əˈn̪ˠɔːɾˠhiɾʲ/

Univerbation of in oirthear, literally “in the front part”


anairde

Alternative form of in airde (“on high; up”)


andeas

Alternative form of aneas (“from the south”)


anuaidh

Alternative form of aduaidh (“from the north”)


roimis

Munster form of roimhe (“already, before”)


dtuaidh

alternative form of thuaidh (“north”) found in dialectal thiar dtuaidh (“northwest”) and thoir dtuaidh (“northeast”)


ar shladmhargadh

ar shladmhargadh (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ar shladmhargadh (eclipsis mutation)
har shladmhargadh (mutation prothesis-h)

on sale (available for purchase at reduced prices)


fé dheire

Munster form of faoi dheireadh (“finally, at last”)


fadó fadó

(used at the beginnings of fairytales) once upon a time


os ard

/ɔsˠˈɑːɾˠdʲ/


i dteannta a chéile

/ə ˌdʲəun̪ˠt̪ˠə ˈçeːlʲə/

Do bhí coighcíos acu i dteannta a chéile go cómpórdach, ach aon tráthnóna amháin ghaibh an captaen amach, agus Máire le n-a chois.

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 194:

They had a fortnight together comfortably, but one evening the captain went out, and Mary along with him.


i dteannta

/ə ˈdʲɑun̪ˠt̪ˠə/

in a fix, in a difficult position; trapped


ar bord

/ɛɾʲ ˈbˠoːɾˠd̪ˠ/

/ɛɾʲ ˈbˠəuɾˠd̪ˠ/


thíos faoi

Waves gently lap against the rocks below.

2015 [2014], Will Collins, translated by Proinsias Mac a' Bhaird, edited by Maura McHugh, Amhrán na Mara (fiction; paperback), Kilkenny, County Kilkenny, Howth, Dublin: Cartoon Saloon; Coiscéim, translation of Song of the Sea (in English), →ISBN, page 2:


ar a laghad

/ˌɛɾʲəˈl̪ˠəid̪ˠ/

/ˌɛɾʲəˈl̪ˠeːd̪ˠ/


le déanaí

/lʲə ˈdʲeːn̪ˠiː/

/lʲə ˈdʲeːn̪ˠi/


mágcuaird

Alternative form of máguaird (“around, about, on every side”)


gualainn má gualainn

gualainn ar ghualainn
gualainn ar ghualainn#Irish

Synonym of gualainn ar ghualainn (“shoulder-to-shoulder”)


gualainn ar ghualainn

shoulder to shoulder
shoulder-to-shoulder

shoulder to shoulder, abreast, as one man


i bhfad ó shin

/əˌwad̪ˠ oːˈhɪnʲ/


i bhfad ó shoin

Nonstandard spelling of i bhfad ó shin (“long ago”).


thart

Lá amháin bhí sé ag dul thart leis an bhealach mór, agus a thiománach leis.

1894 March 5, Peadar Mac Fionnlaoigh, “An rí nach robh le fagháil bháis”, in Irisleabhar na Gaedhilge, volume 1:5, Dublin: Gaelic Union, pages 185–88:

One day he was going along the road, and his driver with him.

Thá an bricfeasta thart.


maiseadh

“Maiseadh ní thiubhra mise airgiod ar bith dhuit,” ars an rí.

“Well then I’ll give you no money,” says the king.


leath bealaigh

Bhí plainc trasna ar an pholl ⁊ bhí mada mór milteach dubh, ar a robh slabhra iarainn ceangailte, leath-bhealaigh ar an phlainc.

There was a plank across the pool, and a large, fierce black dog, to which a chain was fastened, halfway on the plank.


ar socar

Sin sé lá na seachtmaine a bhí ag dul thart, ⁊ an Domhnach ar socar.

That is the six week-days passing away, and the Sunday at a stand-still.


riamh agus choidhche

riamh agus choíche
riamh agus choíche#Irish

Superseded spelling of riamh agus choíche.


riamh agus choíche

Do lean sé an captaen riamh agus choidhche nó gur bhain sé amach baile beag atá beagán slighe amach ó Pháras na Frainnce.

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 196:

He followed the captain continuously until he reached a small town some distance from Paris in France.


choíche

From Middle Irish caidche, from Old Irish coidchi (“all day”), from co aidchi (literally “until night”).

ever (chiefly with reference to the future)


ar n-ais

/ɛɾʲəˈn̪ˠaʃ/

Táim-se ag fágaint an tighe seo, agus ní móide go dtiocfainn ar n‑ais go deó.

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 197:

I’m leaving this house, and it’s not probable that I would ever come back.


go brách

/ɡəˈbˠɾˠɑːx/

/ɡəˈbˠɾˠaːx/

Alteration of go bráth (literally “until Judgment [Day]”), from go (“until”) + bráth (“judgment, Judgment Day”), from Proto-Celtic *brātus (“judgment”); compare Welsh brawd. Cognate with Scottish Gaelic gu bràth and Manx dy bragh.


thar n-ais

/həɾˠˈn̪ˠɑʃ/

/hɑɾˠˈn̪ˠɑʃ/

Nuair a tháinigh sí thar n‑ais : « téanam leat ar siubhal anois », ar sise, « tamall ».

When she came back, “Now let’s go for a walk,” she said, “for a while”.


gan mhoill

/ɡɑn̪ˠˈvˠiːlʲ/

/ɡan̪ˠˈwəil̠ʲ/

« Beidh sagart annso gan mhoill », ar sise; « teastuigheann uaidh rainnt cúntais a fhagháil mar gheall ar an tigh-seo agus an muinntir a bhí ann ».

1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 198:

“A priest will be here soon”, she said; “he wants to get some account of this house and the household that is in it”.


in aon chor

[əˌn̪ˠeːxəɾˠ]

Ná creid in aon chor é.


in éineacht

/əˈn̠ʲeːnʲəxt̪ˠ/

Ná hól in éineacht é.

Bhí siad ag damhsa in éineacht.


feasta

/ˈfʲasˠt̪ˠə/

From Middle Irish festa, from Old Irish fecht-sa (“this occasion”).


bunoscionn

/ˈbˠun̪ˠʌʃˈcuːn̪ˠ/

bun (“bottom”) + os cionn (“above”). Cognate with Scottish Gaelic bun-os-cionn.

Chuir sí an teach bunoscionn.

Bhí gach rud bunoscionn ina aigne.


cad ina thaobh

/ˌkɑn̪ˠəˈheːvˠ/

/ˌkɑn̪ˠəˈxeːvˠ/

From cad + i dtaobh, literally “what about?”.

Cad ina thaobh go bhfuilir á rá sin?


saghas

saghas (mutation mutation-radical)
shaghas (lenition mutation)
tsaghas (lenition mutation)

Tá sé ag eirí saghas fada.


i gcéin

From i + gcéin, dative singular of cian (“distant place”).

Mheallfadh sé na páistí le scéilíní ó thíortha i gcéin.

He would beguile the children with tales of far off lands.


ó chianaibh

From ó (“since”) + cianaibh, archaic dative plural of cian (“length of time”).

Tháinig mé air ó chianaibh.


thar lear

/haɾˠˈl̠ʲaɾˠ/


ar leith

/əɾˠˈl̠ʲɛ(ç)/


tóin in airde

/ˌt̪ˠoːnʲ əˈn̪ˠɑːɾˠdʲə/

/ˌt̪ˠoːnʲ əˈn̪ˠiːɾˠdʲə/

/ˌt̪ˠuːnʲ əˈn̪ˠɑːɾˠdʲə/

/ˌt̪ˠuːnʲ əˈn̪ˠaiɾʲdʲə/

/ˌt̪ˠoːnʲ əˈn̪ˠæːɾˠdʲə/


in airde

/əˈn̪ˠɑːɾˠdʲə/

/əˈn̪ˠiːɾˠdʲə/

/əˈn̪ˠɑːɾˠdʲə/

/əˈn̪ˠaiɾʲdʲə/

/əˈn̪ˠæːɾˠdʲə/


i dtólamh

/əˈd̪ˠoːl̪ˠəvˠ/

/əˈd̪ˠoːlˠəvˠ/

/əˈd̪ˠoːlˠuː/

/əˈd̪ˠɔːlˠu/


fadó

Univerbation of fada (“long”) + ó (“since”); compare i bhfad ó shin (“a long time ago”)


ar an ásc san

/ɛɾʲ ənˠ ˈɑːsk ʃanˠ/

Munster form of ar an ásc sin; "there and then"


lom láithreach

/ˌlˠaumˠ ˈlˠɑːhəɾʲəx/

/ˌlˠɔmˠ ˈl̪ˠɑːɾʲəx/

/ˌlˠɔmˠ ˈl̪ˠæːɾʲa(h)/

B'fhearr liom go mór tosú lom láithreach.


i ndísc

Tá an bó ag dul i ndísc.

(literally, “The cow is going into dryness”)

The cow is running dry, losing her milk.

Tá an tobar i ndísc.


diomaite

/ˈdʲɪmˠɪtʲə/

/ˈdʲɨ̞mˠɪtʲə/


go coitianta

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see go, coitianta – commonly, ordinarily


in aisce

/əˈn̪ˠasˠkɪː/

free, free of charge (not requiring any payment)


dá bhrí sin

/d̪ˠɑː ˈvʲɾʲiː ʃɪnʲ/

/d̪ˠɑː ˈvʲɾʲiːn ʃɪn/

From dá (“from its”) + bhrí (“significance”) + sin (“that”); thus literally “from the significance of that”.


as baile

ȷ imə me jŕāhŕ̥ æs bŭȧlə tūs nə šȧxtənə šə gol gə meŕikā.

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 59:

My brother left home at the beginning of this week to go to America.


gan fhios

/(ə)ˈɡɪn̠ʲəsˠt̪ˠə/

unbeknownst (without the knowledge of), unknown [with do ‘to’]

secretly, in secret, covertly, sneakily, surreptitiously


ar gcúl

téigh ar gcúl

to decline, go back, recede, retire, regress, wane


ó chiainibh

/oːˈçiənʲəvʲ/

[oːˈçiːɛ̯nʲəvʲ]

Alternative form of ó chianaibh (“a while ago”)


ar dtúis

/ɛɾˠˈd̪ˠuːʃ/


d'fhiacha

Tá sé d’fhiacha orm.

1906, E. C. Quiggin, A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 73:


go léir

An-mhaith go léir!


mar an gcéanna

/mˠaɾˠ ə ˈɟiːa̯n̪ˠə/

/mˠaɾˠ ə ˈɟeːn̪ˠə/

/mˠaɾˠ ə ˈɟiən̪ˠə/

likewise, in like manner, in the same way


ar a fhad

ər høš tū n krān̄. høš mē əŕ ad ē.

1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 101:

Did you measure the mast? I measured it lengthwise.


máguaird

From Middle Irish ima cúairt, from Old Irish imma cúairdd (literally “around their circuit”). Cognate with Manx mygeayrt.

der

an tír máguaird

an ceantar máguaird


roimh ré

/ˌɾˠɨ̞̃vʲəˈɾʲeː/


faoi thuairim

/fˠa ˈhuːɾʲəmʲ/


lá arna mhárach

/ˌl̪ˠaxəɾˠn̪ˠə ˈwaːɾˠa(x)/

An lá arna mhárach, chuaigh an t-ordú amach—
Tháinig sé go dtí Orléans le marcach.

2004, Séamas Ó Neachtain, An File ar Buile, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN, page 112:

The following day, the order went out—
It came to Orléans by rider.

the next day, the day after (optionally preceded by an (“the”))


laistíos

/l̪ˠɑʃˈtʲiːsˠ/


lastoir

/l̪ˠɑsˠˈt̪ˠɪɾʲ/

/l̪ˠasˠˈt̪ˠɛɾʲ/


lastuas

/l̪ˠasˠˈt̪ˠuəsˠ/


lasmuigh

/l̪ˠasˠˈmˠɪɟ/

/l̪ˠasˠˈmˠʊ/

/l̪ˠasˠˈmˠɪç/


lastall

/l̪ˠasˠˈt̪ˠɑul̪ˠ/

/l̪ˠasˠˈt̪ˠɑːl̪ˠ/

/l̪ˠasˠˈt̪ˠal̪ˠ/


lastuaidh

/l̪ˠasˠˈt̪ˠuəɟ/