ъ

Cyrillic script
Appendix:Cyrillic script#English

The thirty-ninth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ь

The forty-first letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


й

The thirteenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


р

The twenty-fourth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


щ

The thirty-eighth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


п

The twenty-second letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


д

The seventh letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


н

The twentieth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ш

The thirty-seventh letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ы

The fortieth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


б

The third letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


к

The fourteenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


х

The thirtieth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ф

The twenty-ninth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


г

The fifth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ц

The thirty-third letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


з

The eleventh letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


э

The forty-second letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


т

The twenty-sixth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


м

The nineteenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


с

The twenty-fifth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ч

The thirty-fifth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


л

The eighteenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


в

The fourth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ж

The tenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


е

The eighth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ю

The forty-third letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


о

The twenty-first letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


и

The twelfth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


а

The first letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


у

The twenty-eighth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


я

The forty-fourth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


со

so (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


да

inh-noun

да̄ • (daa) class vb (ergative дас, plural дай)

да̄ (canonical)
daa (romanization)
дас (ergative)
дай (plural)


ё

The ninth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


из

iz (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


Ӏ

ӏ (canonical)
ˀ (romanization)
ӏ (lowercase)

The forty-sixth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


са

Са цӏи Саид я.

Хил дехьа бах са гаргара нах.

My relatives live on the other side of the river.

Са наьнал дикагӏа саг вац.


уж

už (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


шинара

шинара • (šinara) ?


оршот

оршот • (oršot) ?


кӏира

кӏира • (kʼira) ?


шо

šo (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


бер

бер • (ber) class bd (ergative беро, plural бераш)

ber (romanization)
беро (ergative)
бераш (plural)


дуга

From Turkic, probably via Kumyk дюгю (dügü). See Azerbaijani düyü, Bashkir дөгө (dögö) for more.


къ

The sixteenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


пӏелг

пӏелг • (pʼelg) ?


говр

Borrowed from Proto-Tsezian *gurV, from Proto-Northeast Caucasian *gwä̆lV. Doublet of гила (gila). Cognates include Ingush говр (govr, “horse”), Tsez гулу (gulu), and Hinukh гулу (gulu).


дош

дош • (doš) class dd (ergative дашо̄, plural дешаш)

doš (romanization)
дашо̄ (ergative)
дешаш (plural)


юрт

юрт • (jurt) class jj (ergative юрто, plural юрташ)

jurt (romanization)
юрто (ergative)
юрташ (plural)


имам

имам • (imam) class vb (ergative имамо, plural имамаш)

imam (romanization)
имамо (ergative)
имамаш (plural)


москало

москало̄ (canonical)
moskaloo (romanization)

москал москал#Ingush


москал

москал • (moskal) class jj (ergative москало̄, plural москалаш)

moskal (romanization)
москало̄ (ergative)
москалаш (plural)
москал (nominative singular)
москалаш (nominative plural)
москала (genitive singular)
москалӣ (genitive plural)
москало̄ (ergative singular)
москалаша (ergative plural)
москала̄ (dative singular)
москалашта (dative plural)
москалаца (instrumental singular)
москалашца (instrumental plural)
москалал (singular)
москалел (plural)
москалага (allative singular)
москалашка (allative plural)
москалах (singular)
москалех (plural)

inh-decl-noun-table

Declension of москал


лор

inh-noun

лор • (lor) class vb/jb (ergative лоро, plural лораш)

lor (romanization)
лоро (ergative)
лораш (plural)


хий

From Proto-Nakh *xi, from Proto-Northeast Caucasian *ɬ:ɔn.


ди

ди • (di) class dd (ergative дено, plural денош)

di (romanization)
дено (ergative)
денош (plural)


Гӏалгӏай

head

Гӏалгӏай • (Ğalğaj)

→ Old Georgian: ღლიღვი (ɣliɣvi)

desc

Georgian: ღილღვი (ɣilɣvi), ღილღველი (ɣilɣveli)

гӏалгӏай мотт


вай

vaj (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


кӏал

head

кӏал • (kʼal)


Куба

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


догӏа

догӏа • (doğa)


цӏе

цӏе̄ • (cʼee)


маза

меза меза#Ingush


масса

Масса сахьат даьннад?

What time is it? [literally: How many o'clock is it?]


шод

Inherited from Proto-Nakh [Term?]. Cognate with Chechen шад (šad), Bats შატ (šaṭ).


шод

Akin to Chechen шад (šad), Bats შვეტ (šveṭ).


шод

Inherited from Proto-Nakh [Term?]. Cognate with Chechen шат (šat), Bats შათო̆ (šatŏ).


Гӏалгӏайче

Гӏалгӏайче • (Ğalğajče)


Россе

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


вир

Вир бада тӀа даккха аттагӀа да Ӏовдала саг кхетавечул.

It is easier to raise a donkey to the roof than to reason with a fool. (proverb)


тхо

txo (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


хьо

ḥʳo (romanization)
со (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)


доккха

доккха • (doqqa)


бӏарг

бӏарг • (bˀarg)


тӏом

тӏом — шураца модз бац, хоттаца цӏий да

war is not honey with milk, but blood with mud


пхьид

inh-noun

пхьид • (pḥʳid) ?

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *pħiṭ (“frog”).


пхьид

inh-noun

пхьид • (pḥʳid) ?

From Proto-Nakh *pħiṭ (“calf of the leg”).


къона

head

къона • (qʼona)


церг

царг царг#Ingush


жӏали

inh-noun

жӏали • (žˀali) ?


цӏока

цӏока • (cʼoka) ?


цӏа

цӏа • (cʼa) ?


бакъ

бакъ • (baqʼ) ?

Akin to Chechen бекъа (beqʼa), Bats ბაყო̆ (baq̇ŏ).


ца

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *ca (“tooth”).


воша

воша • (voša) ?


абиссинец

а‧бис‧син‧ец

Borrowed from Russian абисси́нец (abissínec).

bor+

(historical) Abyssinian (citizen of Abyssinia)


боамби

absorbent cotton, cotton wool, wadding, batting


хь

The thirty-first letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


кӏай

head

кӏай • (kʼaj)


пхиъ

пхиъ • (pxiʔ)


бархӏ

бархӏ • (barh)


кхоъ

кхоъ • (qoʔ)


ворхӏ

ворхӏ • (vorh)


гола

Inherited from Proto-Nakh [Term?]. Cognate with Chechen гола (gola), Bats გაუ̆გუ̆ (gaŭgŭ). Akin to dialectal Georgian გალო (galo), a Nakh borrowing.

cog

Bats გაუ̆გუ̆ (gaŭgŭ)


цхьогал

цхьо̄гал (canonical)
cḥʳoogal (romanization)


гӏ

The sixth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


яда

head

яда • (jada) (present indicative йод, past perfect indicative еддай)

jada (romanization)
йод (indicative present)
еддай (indicative past perfect)


гӏум

inh-noun

гӏум • (ğum) ?

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kum, compare Udi къум (q̇um), Karachay-Balkar къум (qum)


сийна

head

сийна • (siı̇na)


ӏаьржа

ӏаьржа • (ˀärža)


хачи

хачи • (xači)


хьу

inh-noun

хьу • (ḥʳu) ?


ӏуйре

ӏуйре • (ˀujre) ?


сахьат

сахьат • (saḥʳat) ?


ди-бийса

From ди (di, “day”) + бийса (biı̇sa, “night”).

affix

Ди-бийса ткъаь диъ сахьат да.

Кӏира – ворхӏ ди-бийса да. ― Kʼira – vorh di-biı̇sa da. ― A week is seven days.


бийса

йийкха бийса

Бийса даькъала хийла хьа!

Бийса даькъала хийла шун!

Маьршача сага беттал бийса хоза хет, къу сага хала хет беттала бийса еча.

A law-abiding person loves a moon-lit night, a thief loves a moonless night. (proverb)

Märšača saga bettal biı̇sa xoza xet, qʼu saga xala xet bettala biı̇sa ječa.


бӏаьсти

inh-noun

бӏаьсти • (bˀästi) ?


ножганцӏей

ножганцӏей • (nožgancʼej) ?


малагӏа

head

малагӏа • (malağa)

(interrogative) what, which, what kind of


маъы бутт

inh-noun

маъы бутт • (maʔy butt) ?


тушоле бутт

тушоле бутт • (tušole butt) ?


хӏанз

head

хӏанз • (hanz)


селий бутт

inh-noun

селий бутт • (seliı̇ butt) ?


гӏалгӏай-мархий бутт

гӏалгӏай-мархий бутт • (ğalğaj-marxiı̇ butt) ?

en-гӏалгӏай-мархий_бутт-inh-noun-nZWizw1x


аьккхий-мархий бутт

аьккхий-мархий бутт • (äqqiı̇-marxiı̇ butt) ?

en-аьккхий-мархий_бутт-inh-noun-yHfG~0Be


кхаьра

кхаьра • (qära) ?


пӏаьраска

пӏаьраска • (pʼäraska) ?

Borrowed from Georgian პარასკევი (ṗarasḳevi), ultimately from Ancient Greek Παρασκευή (Paraskeuḗ). Compare Chechen пӏераска (pʼeraska).


кӏиранди

inh-noun

кӏиранди • (kʼirandi) ?

кӏира (kʼira, “week”) + ди (di, “day”), calque of Georgian კვირადღე (ḳviradɣe).


таьрахь

таьрахь • (täraḥʳ) ?


чилла бутт

чилла бутт • (čilla butt) ?


воӏ

воӏ • (voˀ) ?


йоӏ

йоӏ • (joˀ) ? (plural мехкарий)


йиша

йиша • (jiša) class jb (ergative йишас, plural йижарий)

jiša (romanization)
йишас (ergative)
йижарий (plural)


хьа

(possessive) your (2nd-person familiar, singular only)


шоатта

шоатта • (šoatta) ?

From Georgian შაბათი (šabati), from Old Armenian շաբաթ (šabatʻ). Cognate with Chechen шот (šot).


дешархо

дешархо • (dešarxo) ?


неш

неш • (neš) ?


цӏи

цӏи • (cʼi) ?


цӏи

цӏи • (cʼi) ?


кхосса

head

кхосса • (qossa)


герми

Compare Chechen герми (germi, “floorcloth”), герма (germa, “wad”), Old Armenian գորգ (gorg).


къурда

къурда • (qʼurda)


дийхк

дийхк • (diı̇xk)

Uncertain. Has been identified with homonymous дийхк (diı̇xk), дихк (dixk, “liver”), supposedly because of its internal structure — while decaying and drying out the tree resembles the liver in color, but this is probably a folk etymology. Compare Old Armenian դղքի (dłkʻi, “maple”).


пхьагал

пхьа̄гал (canonical)
pḥʳaagal (romanization)


цӏена

цӏена • (cʼena)


баьццара

баьццара • (bäccara)


хьакха

inh-noun

хьакха • (ḥʳaqa) ?


жеро

head

жеро • (žero)


ийс

ийс • (iı̇s)


кӏа

inh-noun

кӏа • (kʼa) ?


лоам

loam (romanization)
лоам (nominative singular)
лоамаш (nominative plural)
лоама (genitive singular)
лоамӣ (genitive plural)
лоамо̄ (ergative singular)
лоамаша (ergative plural)
лоама̄ (dative singular)
лоамашта (dative plural)
лоамаца (instrumental singular)
лоамашца (instrumental plural)
лоамал (singular)
лоамел (plural)
лоамага (allative singular)
лоамашка (allative plural)
лоамах (singular)
лоамех (plural)

inh-decl-noun-table

Declension of лоам

Лоамах дукха руцкъа доалл.

1963, Zaurbek Malsagov, Грамматика ингушского языка [Grammar of the Ingush language], 2nd edition, Grozny: Chechen-Ingush book publishing house, page 23:

There is a lot of wealth in the mountain.


мӏара

inh-noun

мӏара • (mˀara) ?


ниӏ

ниӏ • (niˀ) ?


миста

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *musṭiᶰ. See also Khinalug мицӏ (mic̣).


кӏаьда

head

кӏаьда • (kʼäda)


зӏамига

зӏамига • (zˀamiga)


дӏайха

дӏайха • (dˀajxa)


дӏаьха

дӏаьха • (dˀäxa)


пхьар

inh-noun

пхьар • (pḥʳar) ?


ткъо

head

ткъо • (tqʼo)


форд

Borrowed from Ossetian форд (ford), the Digor dialectal form of фурд (furd), whence also Chechen хӏорд (hord).


бӏар

бӏар • (bˀar)


кхета

кхета • (qeta)


гийре

гийре • (giı̇re)


шийла

шийла • (šiı̇la)


гӏув

гӏув • (ğuv)


мичара

мичара • (mičara)


гӏайре

гӏайре • (ğajre)


ушал

ушал • (ušal)


хаоттам

Akin to Chechen хенан хӏоттам (xenan hottam)

cog

хенан хӏоттам


седкъа

head

седкъа • (sedqʼa)


кӏаьнк

Borrowed from Ossetian къаннӕг (k’annæg, “little, small”).


устагӏ

inh-noun

устагӏ • (ustağ) ?


ӏаса

head

ӏаса • (ˀasa)


ӏаса

ӏаса • (ˀasa)


шера

шера • (šera)


букъ

inh-noun

букъ • (buqʼ) ?


мосаш

head

мосаш • (mosaš)


модж

модж • (modž)


цӏог

цӏог • (cʼog)


дегӏ

дегӏ • (değ)


тӏехк

inh-noun

тӏехк • (tʼexk) ?

Akin to Chechen даьӏахк (däˀaxk) and Lak ттаркӏ (t:arkʼ).


хьоа

head

хьоа • (ḥʳoa)


селхан

# See the noun ха.
# Akin to Chechen селхана (selxana).


кхоана

кхоана • (qoana)


ӏаьхарг

ӏаьхарг • (ˀäxarg)


юхь

юхь • (juḥʳ)


хьаж

хьаж • (ḥʳaž)


гӏаж

Possible later borrowing from Proto-Turkic *kāŕ. Compare with Chechen гӏа̄з (ğaaz, “goose”).


нӏана

inh-noun

нӏана • (nˀana) ?

Akin to Bats ნჵან (n'an) and Chechen нӏаьна (nˀäna).


чкъаьра

head

чкъаьра • (čqʼära)


аьрзи

а̄ьрзӣ (canonical)
äärzii (romanization)


хьажа

хьажа • (ḥʳaža)


налха

→ Ossetian: нӕлхӕ (nælxæ)


мераж

мераж • (meraž)


чӏенг

чӏенг • (čʼeng)


зӏок

зӏок • (zˀok)


кулг

Akin to Chechen куьг (küg) and Khinalug кул (kul) and Udi кул (kul).


накха

накха • (naqa)


ткъам

ткъам • (tqʼam)


дихк

Akin to Chechen доӏахк (doˀaxk) and Bats დჵეჸ (d'eʾ).


тӏен

тӏен • (tʼen)


хьогал

хьогал • (ḥʳogal)


пхьор

пхьор • (pḥʳor)


хьайра

хьайра • (ḥʳajra)


тӏехкар

тӏехкар • (tʼexkar)


тӏий

тӏий • (tʼii)

From Proto-Nakh *ṭēwi, cognate with Chechen тӏай (tʼaj), Bats ტივ (ṭiv).


дӏоагӏа

дӏоагӏа • (dˀoağa)


товгӏа

товгӏа • (tovğa)


маьнги

маьнги • (mängi)


гӏанд

гӏанд • (ğand)


бӏаь

бӏаь • (bˀä)


кӏерам

кӏерам • (kʼeram)


гӏайба

гӏайба • (ğajba)


даржа

даржа • (darža)


кӏувс

кӏувс • (kʼuvs)


хьастам

хьастам • (ḥʳastam)


хьал де

хьал де • (ḥʳal de)


дахча

дахча • (daxča)


бӏоагӏа

бӏоагӏа • (bˀoağa)


декхар

декхар • (deqar)


лаьца

лаьца • (läca)


ахча дала

ахча дала • (axča dala)


юкь

юкь • (jukʲ)


тӏехьа

тӏехьа • (tʼeḥʳa)

cog

Chechen тӏаьхьа (tʼäḥʳa)


аьрда

head

аьрда • (ärda)


гаьна

гаьна • (gäna)


аьтта

а̄ьтта • (äätta)


хьалха

хьалха • (ḥʳalxa)


вижа

вижа • (viža)


ӏург

ӏург • (ˀurg)


бухь

бухь • (buḥʳ)


кӏоарга

кӏоарга • (kʼoarga)


лакхе

лакхе • (laqe)


лархӏа

лархӏа • (larha)


дуккха

дуккха • (duqqa)


диткъа

диткъа • (ditqʼa)

From Proto-Nakh *duṭq̇iᶰ. Akin to Chechen дуткъа (dutqʼa).


нийса

нийса • (niı̇sa)


даьсса

даьсса • (dässa)


кийча

кийча • (kiı̇ča)


делкъе

делкъе • (delqʼe)


шаьра

шаьра • (šära)


къаьга

къаьга • (qʼäga)


дакъа

дакъа • (daqʼa)


бӏеха

бӏеха • (bˀexa)


хьежа

хьежа • (ḥʳeža)


къахьа

къахьа • (qʼaḥʳa)

cog

Chechen къаьхьа (qʼäḥʳa)


тӏаьда

head

тӏа̄ьда • (tʼääda)

тӏа̄ьда (canonical)
tʼääda (romanization)


хержа

хержа • (xerža)


кхерам

кхерам • (qeram)


къайле

къайле • (qʼajle)


ийла

ийла • (iı̇la)


лакха

лакха • (laqa)


деша

деша • (deša)


тукхам

тукхам • (tuqam)


хьаьаша

хьаьаша • (ḥʳäaša)


кӏор

кӏор • (kʼor)

Akin to Chechen кӏора (kʼora) and Tabasaran кӏаруб (ḳarub).


Аллахӏ

Аллахӏ • (Allah)


шалта

inh-noun

шалта • (šalta) ?

Akin to Chechen шаьлта (šälta), Bats შალთ (šalt).


кӏир

кӏир • (kʼir) ?

From Georgian კირი (ḳiri), from Old Armenian կիր (kir); see the latter for more.


олг

From Proto-Nakh *ʔol-eḳ. Akin to Chechen оьлг (ölg, “small loaf of bread”).


лаьча

head

лаьча • (läča)


кх

The fifteenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


яь

The forty-fifth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


аь

The second letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


хӏ

The thirty-second letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


чӏ

The thirty-sixth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


пӏ

The twenty-third letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


цӏ

The thirty-fourth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


кӏ

The seventeenth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


тӏ

The twenty-seventh letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.


ӏовдала

ӏовдала • (ˀovdala)

Ӏовдала вац наха Ӏеха ца вер.

He is not a fool whom people cannot fool. (proverb)


бакъилг

inh-noun

бакъилг • (baqʼilg) ?

desc

→ Georgian: (Khevsureti) ბაყალ (baq̇al, “bastard”), ⇒ ბაყალიკა (baq̇aliḳa), (Pshavi) ბაყალიკა (baq̇aliḳa, “donkey foal”), ბაყალწიკა (baq̇alc̣iḳa)

From бакъ (baqʼ) + -илг (-ilg, diminutive suffix).

af

бакъ бакъ#Ingush


хьач

inh-noun

хьач • (ḥʳač) ?


набахте

Borrowed from Russian на вахте (na vaxte).


киловзал

[ˈkʰɘɫoʊ̯zəɫ]


цицхолг

From earlier цицгӏолг (cicğolg), borrowing from Kumyk чычкъан (çıçqan, “mouse”) or Kipchak-Cuman, compare with Karaim сычавул (“big rat”).


тӏом — шураца модз бац, хоттаца цӏий да

head

тӏом — шураца модз бац, хоттаца цӏий да

тӏом — шураца модз бац, хоттаца цӏий да • (tʼom — šuraca modz bac, xottaca cʼiı̇ da)

/tʼ(u̯)om | ʃurat͡sa m(u̯)od͡z bat͡s | χottat͡sa t͡sʼiː da/

Literally, "war is not honey with milk, but blood with mud".

en-тӏом_—_шураца_модз_бац,_хоттаца_цӏий_да-inh-proverb-47DEQpj8


кӏажар

кӏеж кӏеж#Ingush


кӏомал

кӏо̄мал (canonical)
kʼoomal (romanization)


маькх

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *maaqi (“barley bread”).


москалаш

head

москалаш • (moskalaš)

москал москал#Ingush


эздел

Deadjectival noun derived from эздий (ezdii, “courteous, noble”). Akin to Chechen оьздангалла (özdangalla, “politeness”).

cog

Эздел доаца саг ― Ezdel doaca sag ― A dishonorable person (literally, “A person lacking ezdel”)


ийрча

head

ийрча • (iı̇rča)


улг

From у (u, “board”) + -лг (-lg, “diminuative and individuating suffix”).


инкал

inkal (romanization)
инкал (nominative singular)
инкалаш (nominative plural)
инкала (genitive singular)
инкалӣ (genitive plural)
инкало̄ (ergative singular)
инкалаша (ergative plural)
инкала̄ (dative singular)
инкалашта (dative plural)
инкалаца (instrumental singular)
инкалашца (instrumental plural)
инкалал (singular)
инкалел (plural)
инкалага (allative singular)
инкалашка (allative plural)
инкалах (singular)
инкалех (plural)

inh-decl-noun-table

Declension of инкал

инкала тха


ингали

ингалӣ (canonical)
ingalii (romanization)

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *inḳala (“glass”).


кӏарцхал

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *ḳaacxul through the influence of кӏа̄рг class dd (kʼaarg, “chip, splinter, wood fragment; clothespin”).