permaisuri

From Malay permaisuri, from Classical Malay permaisuri, from Tamil பரமேஸ்வரி (paramēsvari), from Sanskrit परमेश्वरी (parameśvarī, “supreme lady”). Compare to Javanese ꦥꦿꦩꦺꦱ꧀ꦮꦫꦶ (praméswari, “queen”), Old Javanese pramiswari (“queen”).


mahaguru

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit महागुरु (mahāguru, “supreme guru”), reanalyzed as maha- (“supreme”) + guru (“teacher”). Semantic loan from Dutch hoogleraar (“professor”, literally “high teacher”).


ayam belanda

From ayam (“chicken”) + Belanda (“Holland, the Netherlands”).

compound

Meleagris gallopavo
Meleagris gallopavo#Translingual

(obsolete) turkey (bird) (Meleagris gallopavo)


ustaz

ustaz-ustaz (plural)
istaz (alternative)
ustad (alternative)
ustadz (alternative)

From Malay ustaz, ustad, from Classical Malay ustaz, ustad, ustadz, ustadh.


hagio-

From Ancient Greek ἅγιος (hágios, “holy, saintly”).


lanji

Borrowed from Banjarese lanji. Compare Brunei Malay lanji.

(derogatory, dialectal, Kalimantan) pervert


nasional

From Dutch nationaal, from French national.


dirgahayu

From Sanskrit दिर्घायु (dirghāyu, “long lived”), दीर्घ (dīrghá, “long”) + आयु (āyu, “live”).


bajau

(anthropology) a group of people who lives on boats, inhabit the seawater or strait between the east coast of Sumatra and Kalimantan (known as Riau Islands; specifically the Bajau island), and also in some part of Sulawesi and Flores seawater


bajau

bintara peninjau
bintara peninjau#Indonesian

Acronym of bintara peninjau; an observer officer in military and police forces


Mahmud

Ultimately from Arabic مَحْمُود (maḥmūd).


merusak

From Malay merusak,
from Classical Malay merusak. Equivalent to meng- + rusak.

Saya merusak konsol permainan saya


macet

From Javanese ꦩꦕꦼꦠ꧀ (macet), ꦥꦕꦼꦠ꧀ (pacet, “impasse, deadlocked, blocked”), from Old Javanese cĕt (“in a moment, all at once, in a flash”). Compare to Proto-Mon-Khmer *tət (“blocked, to block”).


macet

macet-macet (plural)
macat (alternative)


takaful

Inherited from Malay takaful, from Arabic تَكَافُل (takāful).


epilepsi

Internationalism, from Dutch epilepsie, from Middle Dutch epilencie, from Latin epilēpsia, from Ancient Greek ἐπιληψία (epilēpsía).

epilepsy (a medical condition in which the sufferer experiences seizures and blackouts)


sprei

(nonstandard) alternative form of seprai (“bedcover”)


pribumi

→ English: pribumi

Compound of peri (“about, on the subject of”) + bumi (“land”), borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦿꦶꦧꦸꦩꦶ (pribumi, “native”).


duktus

(anatomy) a duct, tube or canal in the body

ductus:
a duct, tube or canal in the body

(linguistics) the number of strokes that make up a written letter, and the direction, sequence and speed in which they are written


diskursus

Learned borrowing from Latin discursus (“running about”). Semantic loan from Dutch discours (“discourse”).

sl

discourse:
any rational expression, reason

verbal exchange, conversation; expression in words, either speech or writing

a formal lengthy exposition of some subject, either spoken or written

(social sciences) an institutionalized way of thinking, a social boundary defining what can be said about a specific topic


absah

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic [Term?].


gangren

From Dutch gangreen, from Latin gangraena, from Ancient Greek γάγγραινα (gángraina).

(medicine) gangrene, the necrosis or rotting of flesh, usually caused by lack of blood supply


sandi

From Malay sandi, from Sanskrit सन्धि (sandhi), संधि (saṃdhi). Doublet of sendi.

code: a message represented by rules intended to conceal its meaning

(phonology) sandhi: any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words

(cryptography) cipher: a cryptographic system using an algorithm that converts letters or sequences of bits into ciphertext

(computing) short for kata sandi (“password”).


roti canai

roti-roti canai (plural)
roti cane (alternative)

From Malay roti canai. Reanalysed as roti (“bread”) + canai (“to stretch or push something pliable or elastic”).


jumlah

jumlah-jumlah (plural)
jumlah (root)
menjumlah (active nominative)
terjumlah (nominative passive)
dijumlah (nominative passive)
jumlahlah (nominative)
menjumlahi (active)
dijumlahi (passive)
jumlahi
jumlahilah
menjumlahkan (active)
terjumlahkan (passive)
dijumlahkan (passive)
jumlahkan
jumlahkanlah
djoemlah (alternative)
djumlah (alternative)

From Malay jumlah, from Classical Malay jumlah, from Arabic جُمْلَة (jumla).
* The sense “sentence” is a semantic loan from Arabic جُمْلَة (jumla).


pemerintah

pêmêrintah (canonical)
pemerintah-pemerintah (plural)

Affixed peng- + perintah, from Malay pemerintah, from Classical Malay pemerintah.

government (body with the power to make and/or enforce laws)


menurut

From Malay menurut, from Classical Malay menurut. Equivalent to meng- + turut.


logat

Ultimately derived from Arabic لُغَة (luḡa, “language”).

der+

(linguistics, sociolinguistics) accent (The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect)

(linguistics) dialect; idiom; vernacular (a variety of a language)

a usually alphabetized and explained collection of words e.g. of a particular field, or prepared for a specific purpose, often for learning

the words of a language collectively; lexis

semantic relations
Wiktionary:Semantic relations

(obsolete) dictionary (a reference work with a list of words from one or more languages, normally ordered alphabetically, explaining each word's meanings (senses), and sometimes also containing information on its etymology, pronunciation, usage, semantic relations, and translations, as well as other data)


setiap

setiap hari


setiap

Bila setiap memakan pedas timbul rasa gatal, maka solusi satu-satunya ialah dengan menghindari konsumsi makanan pedas.

If every time you eat something spicy, an itchy sensation emerges, the only solution is to avoid consuming spicy food.

(preceding an active verb) each time when, every time that


affaire de coeur

id-noun

affaire de coeur (plural affaire-affaire de coeur)

Unadapted borrowing from French affaire de cœur


taikun

From English tycoon, from Japanese 大君(たいくん) (taikun, “great lord; great prince”). Doublet of taiko.

ja-r

(rare) tycoon: A wealthy and powerful business person


Pancasila

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पञ्चशील (pañcaśīla), पञ्च (pañca, “five”) + शील (śīla, “principle”). By surface analysis, panca- + sila.

lbor

1. Belief in the one and only God (Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa)

2. Just and civilized humanity (Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab)

3. The unity of Indonesia (Persatuan Indonesia)

4. Democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations amongst representatives (Kerakyatan yang Dipimpin oleh Hikmat Kebijaksanaan dalam Permusyawaratan/Perwakilan)

5. Social justice for the whole of the people of Indonesia (Keadilan Sosial bagi Seluruh Rakyat Indonesia)

(politics) Pancasila: The official philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, comprising five principles:


polusi

Borrowed from English pollution, from Anglo-Norman pollutiun, from Middle French pollution, pollucion, from post-classical Latin pollutio.

polusi air

polusi udara

polusi suara

Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) mengajak masyarakat turut serta menurunkan polusi di Indonesia, dengan cara menjaga hutan dan naik transportasi umum. Hal itu perlu dilakukan seiring dengan perubahan iklim di Tanah Air yang sangat mengkhawatirkan.

2017 October 16, “Masyarakat Diajak Kurangi Polusi [Society Urged to Reduce Pollution]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-17:

The Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) urges the society to participate in reducing pollution in Indonesia by protecting the forest and riding public transportation. This needs to be done in line with climate change in the homeland which is very worrying.


PGS

(education) Initialism of pendidikan guru sekolah.


sakral

Borrowed from Dutch sacraal (“sacral”), from German sakral, from Latin sacrālis.


balut

Inherited from Malay balut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balut₂ (“roll or wrap something up”), from Proto-Austronesian *balut₁ (“mix”).

inh

(surgery) bandage: a strip of gauze or similar material used to protect or support a wound or injury

(cooking) balut: Asian street food consisting of a developing duck embryo boiled alive and eaten in the shell


balut

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese balut (“redness and swollen”).


balot

(government, politics) a vote in election

(government, politics) ballot, a list of candidates running for office; a ticket


bancan

Learned borrowing from Korean 반찬 (banchan), from Sino-Korean word from 飯饌, from 飯 (“rice; food”) + 饌 (“side dish”).

ko-etym-Sino

banchan: a small dish of food served with cooked rice in Korean cuisine


PSL

pakaian sipil lapangan
pakaian sipil lapangan#Indonesian


anakronisme

From Dutch anachronisme, from French anachronisme, from New Latin anachronismus, from Ancient Greek ἀναχρονισμός (anakhronismós), from ἀναχρονίζομαι (anakhronízomai, “referring to the wrong time”), from ἀνά (aná, “up against”) + χρονίζω (khronízō, “spending time”), from χρόνος (khrónos, “time”).

der

ἀναχρονισμός

anachronism (a chronological mistake; the erroneous dating of an event, circumstance, or object)

(literature) anachronism (glaring inconsistencies to scarcely perceptible misrepresentation of chronological mistake)


skema

skema-skema (plural)
sekema (alternative nonstandard)

From Dutch schema, from Latin schēma (“figure, form”), from Ancient Greek σχῆμα (skhêma, “form, shape”) < ἔχω (ékhō, “I hold”).

scheme (an outline or image universally applicable to a general conception)


garis

Inherited from Malay garis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karis (“to scratch, scrape”).

inh

garis keturunan

garis pertahanan


hafal

head

hafal (active menghafal, passive dihafal)

From Malay hafal, from Arabic حَافِظ, حَافَظَ (ḥāfaẓa).

der

Arabic حَافِظ

to recite (to repeat aloud a memorized text)


baji

From Malay baji, from Tamil வசி (vaci, “cleft, point, edge, stake”).


porselen

porsêlèn (canonical)
porselen-porselen (plural)
porselin (alternative)

From Dutch porselein (“porcelain”), from Middle French porcelaine, from Old French pourcelaine, from Italian porcellana (“porcelain, originally the name of a conch species”). Cognate to Afrikaans porselein (“porcelain”).


majlis

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of majelis


tumis

head

tumis (base-imperative tumis, active menumis, passive ditumis)

(cooking) to sauté: to cook (food) using a small amount of fat in an open pan over a relatively high heat, allowing the food to brown and form a crust stopping it from sticking to the pan as it cooks


tumis

(cooking) sauté: a dish prepared this way


momen

From Dutch moment, from Middle Dutch moment, from Middle French moment, from Latin momentum.

moment:
a brief, unspecified amount of time

(physics) moment of force: the turning effect of a force applied to a rotational system at a distance from the axis of rotation


UP

(law) Initialism of uang pesangon (“severance pay”).

ujian penghabisan
ujian penghabisan#Indonesian

(education, historical) Initialism of ujian penghabisan.


akrab

Inherited from Malay akrab, from Classical Malay اقرب (akrab), from Arabic أَقْرَب (ʔaqrab, “relatives”).


bobrok

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦺꦴꦧꦿꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (bobrok, “corrupt, damaged”).


sambung

From Malay sambung, perhaps from Javanese sambung.


cicak

[ˈt͡ʃit͡ʃaʔ]

(proscribed, common) Alternative form of cecak (“common house gecko”)


mahram

mahram-mahram (plural)
muhrim (alternative)

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic مَحْرَم (maḥram).

(Islam) mahram: a family member who is haram to marry


korsa

(dialectal) morale (the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal, or even in oneself and others)


abuk

Synonym of dodongkal (“a cake made with palm flour”)


deaminasi

déaminasi (canonical)
deaminasi-deaminasi (plural)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) deamination


metilasi

Borrowed from Dutch methylatie (“methylation”).


kecelakaan

id-noun

kecelakaan (countable and uncountable, plural kecelakaan-kecelakaan)

From celaka + ke- -an. The sense “an unintended pregnancy” is a semantic loan from English accident.

an unexpected event with negative consequences occurring without the intention of the one suffering the consequences

kasualitas

unexpected event that takes place without foresight or expectation

(Standard Malay)

(transport, vehicles) especially, a collision or similar unintended event that causes damage or death

accident:
(euphemistic) an unintended pregnancy


tetes

From Malay titis, tetes, from Classical Malay تيتيس (titis), تيتيس (tetes). Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *titis.


sewa

Inherited from Malay sewa, from Arabic سَاوَى (sāwā, “to cost”).

rent (a payment for the use of equipment or a service)

rent (an object for which rent is charged or paid)


sewa

berapa biaya sewa rumah ini

How much is the rental fee for this house?


diakon

Derived from Ecclesiastical Latin diāconus, from Ancient Greek διᾱ́κονος (diā́konos).

der+

(Catholicism) deacon (a clergyman ranked directly below a priest, with duties of helping the priests and carrying out parish work)


ketua

kêtua (canonical)
ketua-ketua (plural)
ketoea (alternative)

Affixed ke- + tua, inherited from Malay ketua. The sense "chairman" is a semantic loan from Japanese 会長(かいちょう) (kaichō, “chairman”) (compare kaityoo).


niru

(colloquial, chiefly Java) active of tiru


produser

produsêr (canonical)
produser-produser (plural)

From Dutch producer, from English producer.

(economics) an individual or organization that creates goods and services

(art, drama) one who produces an artistic production like a CD, a theater production, a film, a TV program and so on

a furnace for producing combustible gas for fuel


terapi

Borrowed from Dutch therapie, from New Latin therapīa, from Ancient Greek θεραπεία (therapeía).

therapy (attempted remediation of a health problem following a diagnosis, usually synonymous with treatment)


terapi

head

térapi (active menerapi, passive diterapi)

térapi (canonical)
menerapi (active)
diterapi (passive)

(transitive, rare) to therapy (to treat with a therapy)


terapi

superlative degree of rapi: tidiest; neatest


abuh

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦸꦃ (abuh), from Old Javanese aböh, abuh (“swollen”), *bĕh, *buh, *böh.


napas

napas-napas (plural)
nonstandard Indonesian (alternative)
standard Malay (alternative)

→ Amahai: napas

From Malay nafas, napas, from Classical Malay نفس (nafas), نفس (napas), from Arabic نَفَس (nafas, “breath”). The phoneme -f- was changed to -p- to suit phonological inventories of local languages which lack -f-. In fact, both forms napas and nafas in practice are often acceptable due to influence of the Arabic word.

Sang dokter mengambil dua napas panjang.


napas

nonstandard Indonesian (alternative)
standard Malay (alternative)


itik

duck (an aquatic bird of the family Anatidae, having a flat bill and webbed feet)


juara

From Malay juara, from Prakrit 𑀚𑀼𑀆𑀭 (juāra, “gambler”), from Sanskrit द्यूतकार (dyūtakāra, “gambler”). Doublet of jawara.


taufik

From Malay taufik, from Classical Malay tăufik, from Arabic تَوْفِيق (tawfīq).


panir

From Dutch paneer, paneermeel (“breadcrumb”), from French panure (“breadcrumb”), pain (“bread”), from Latin panis (“bread”).


pakta

Learned borrowing from Latin pacta, from pactum (“agreed”). Doublet of pak.

Pakta Warsawa

pact, an agreement between two or more nations


absen

Borrowed from Dutch absent, from Middle French absent, from Old French ausent, and their source, Latin absens, present participle of absum (“to be away from”), from ab (“away”) + sum (“to be”).


absen

absèn (canonical)
absen (root)
mengabsen (active nominative)
diabsen (nominative passive)
absen (nominative)
absenlah (nominative)
mengabseni (active)
diabseni (passive)
abseni
absenilah
mengabsenkan (active)
diabsenkan (passive)
absenkan
absenkanlah

to be absent (in school, work and others)

(colloquial) to do absensi (“absence; attendance register; roll call; attendance”)


absen

Titip absen adalah menyuruh seseorang untuk menandatangani absensi biasanya dengan tujuan agar dapat dihitung hadir walaupun sebenarnya tidak hadir.

Attendance entrustment is to ask someone to sign the attendance usually with the aim that it can be counted as being present even though they are not present.

(colloquial) clipping of absensi (“absence; attendance register; roll call; attendance”).


mengabsen

absen (root)
mengabsen (active nominative)
terabsen (nominative passive)
diabsen (nominative passive)
absen (nominative)
absenlah (nominative)
mengabseni (active)
terabseni (passive)
diabseni (passive)
abseni
absenilah
mengabsenkan (active)
terabsenkan (passive)
diabsenkan (passive)
absenkan
absenkanlah
memperabsen (active causative nominative)
terperabsen (causative nominative passive)
diperabsen (causative nominative passive)
perabsen (causative nominative)
perabsenlah (causative nominative)
memperabseni (active causative)
terperabseni (causative passive)
diperabseni (causative passive)
perabseni (causative)
perabsenilah (causative)
memperabsenkan (active causative)
terperabsenkan (causative passive)
diperabsenkan (causative passive)
perabsenkan (causative)
perabsenkanlah (causative)

to call out people's name to find out or determine who is not present; to roll call

(obsolete) to find out or determine who is not present without call out people's name


tajwid

Borrowed from Arabic تَجْوِيد (tajwīd), literally "elocution".


topografis

Borrowed from Dutch topografisch (“topographic”).


konservatorium

conservatory, conservatoire: school of music or drama


epidemi

èpidèmi (canonical)
epidemi-epidemi (plural)

From Dutch epidemie (“epidemic”), from Latin epidemia, from Ancient Greek ἐπιδήμιος (epidḗmios), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people”).


dorayaki

dorayaki (a Japanese confection consisting of two sponge cake patties baked to resemble gongs, sandwiching a filling of sweet azuki bean paste)


branwir

branwir-branwir (plural)
blangwir (alternative)

From Dutch brandweer (“firefighting, fire department, fire brigade”), calqued from German Feuerwehr.


dadah

From dah (“bye”), from Dutch dag (“goodbye”), from Middle Dutch dach, from Old Dutch dag, from Proto-Germanic *dagaz.


dadah

(rare) Synonym of narkoba (“recreational drug”)


kayas

having reddish white color, having pink color


mahmil

mahkamah militer
mahkamah militer#Indonesian

short for mahkamah militer (“court martial”).


patola

patola-patola (plural)
petola (alternative)
ketola (alternative)

From Sanskrit पटोल (paṭola, “pointed gourd”).


kolonis

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kolonist.


Arya

Borrowed from Javanese ꦄꦂꦪ (arya), from Sanskrit आर्य (ā́rya, “noble; noble one”).


overste

ovêrstê (canonical)
overste-overste (plural)

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch overste (“senior; abbot, prior; lieutenant colonel”).

ubor

(archaic, historical) lieutenant colonel


ilham

From Malay ilham, from Arabic إِلْهَام (ʔilhām, “inspiration”).

(Islam) a supernatural divine influence on the prophets, apostles, or sacred writers, by which they were qualified to communicate moral or religious truth with authority; a supernatural influence which qualifies people to receive and communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated

the person, object, situation, or act of an elevating or stimulating influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity


klaster

klastêr (canonical)
klaster-klaster (plural)
Indonesian (alternative)
Standard Malay (alternative)

From English cluster. Attested before 1973.

Klaster keluarga menunjukkan bahwa Covid-19 sudah merambah ke unit terkecil dalam masyarakat.

Familial cluster show that Covid-19 has reach the small unit of society.


sentra

sèntra (canonical)
sentra-sentra (plural)
sentrum (alternative)

From Dutch centra, the plural form of centrum (“center, centre”), from Latin centrum.


aksel

(education, colloquial) clipping of akselerasi (“acceleration”).


juz

From Malay juz, from Arabic جُزْء (juzʔ).

(Islam) juz: any of thirty parts of varying length into which the Qur'an is sometimes divided


duniawi

From Malay duniawi, from Arabic دُنْيَوِيّ (dunyawiyy). Equivalent to dunia (“world”) + -i.


oppa

From Korean 오빠 (oppa), probably contracted from 오라비 (orabi, “brother of a female”) + -아 (-a, “hey”, vocative particle).

suffix

(colloquial, women's speech) an elder brother, or an affectionate term of address for a somewhat older man


jahat

From Malay jahat, from Classical Malay جاهت (jahat), from Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat), from Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).


gula-gula

Inherited from Malay gula-gula, from reduplication of gula (“sugar”).

(colloquial, figurative) everything that pleases the heart

(colloquial, figurative) prostitute, slut

(colloquial, figurative) concubine, mistress


mungkin

From Malay mungkin, from Arabic مُمْكِن (mumkin, “possible”).

Mungkin Dani akan datang untuk makan malam.


mungkin

(by extension) possible, probable to happen


shabu-shabu

Nonstandard spelling of sabu-sabu (“meth”).


shabu-shabu

Nonstandard spelling of syabu-syabu (“meth”).


menwa

resimen mahasiswa
resimen mahasiswa#Indonesian

Acronym of resimen mahasiswa (“student regiment”).


anestesi

anéstési (canonical)
anestesi-anestesi (plural)
anestesia (alternative)
anastesi (alternative)

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
William T. G. Morton
id:anestesi

From Dutch anesthesie, from Ancient Greek ἀναισθησία (anaisthēsía), from ἀν- (an-, “not”) with αἴσθησις (aísthēsis, “sensation”). Coined in 1846 C.E. by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., in a letter to dentist William T. G. Morton, the first practitioner to publicly demonstrate the use of ether during surgery.

an artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain

the loss or prevention of sensation, as caused by anesthesia, lesion in the nervous system or other physical abnormality


unsur

From Malay unsur, from Arabic عُنْصُر (ʕunṣur).

one of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based

(chemistry) any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means and made up of atoms all having the same number of protons

(law) a required aspect or component of a cause of action. A deed is regarded as a violation of law only if each element can be proved


kontraktor

Learned borrowing from Late Latin contractor, from Latin contractus (perfect passive participle of contrahō) + -ator.

lbor

a person or company that builds or improves buildings

a person or company that performs specific tasks like electrical or plumbing work in construction projects

a person or company hired to maintain existing facilities like air conditioning systems, groundskeeping, etc.

a person hired to do a job on a business contract, as opposed to a permanent employee


wakil

From Malay wakil,
from Classical Malay wakil, from Arabic وَكِيل (wakīl).

vice: one who acts in place of a superior


abah-abah

Reduplication of abah, inherited from Malay abah-abah, from Javanese ꦲꦧꦃꦲꦧꦃ (abah-abah, “tool, instrument”), from Old Javanese abah-abah (“harness”).


tumpeng

tumpêng (canonical)
tumpeng-tumpeng (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦸꦩ꧀ꦥꦼꦁ (tumpeng, “cone of rice”), from Old Javanese tumpĕṅ (“a pyramid-shaped mass of cooked rice”).

der

(cooking) tumpeng: a cone-shaped rice dish of Indonesia


kukus

From Malay kukus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kukus, from Proto-Austronesian *kukus.


montok

Dia bertubuh montok.

buah dada yang montok dan bagus bentuknya


sitat

From Dutch citaat, from Latin citātum, the neutral inflection of the past participle of citō, citāre (“to cause to move, arouse, summon, urge, call”), the frequentative form of cieō, ciēre (“to move, set in motion, stir, rouse, call, invite”), from the Proto-Indo-European base *ḱey- (“to move to and fro”).

a quotation, fragment of a human expression, notably as reference


konglomerat

konglomerat-konglomerat (plural)
konglo (alternative clipping)

From Dutch conglomeraat, from Latin conglomerātus, past participle of conglomerāre (“to pile into a heap, to roll together”).

(business) a corporation formed by the combination of several smaller corporations whose activities are unrelated to the corporation's primary activity

(geology) a rock consisting of gravel or pebbles embedded in a matrix


seroja

sêroja (canonical)
seroja-seroja (plural)

Nelumbo nucifera
Nelumbo nucifera#Translingual


tamagoyaki

From Japanese 卵焼(たまごや)き (tamagoyaki, literally “grilled egg”).


kukang

Nonstandard form of kungkang (“slow loris”).


tamadun

tamadun-tamadun (plural)
temadun (alternative)

From Malay tamadun, from Classical Malay tamadun, from Arabic تَمَدُّن (tamaddun).


jancuk

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦚ꧀ꦕꦸꦏ꧀ (janycuk, “fuck you! (originally)”), from an obscure origin.

unknown

obscure


koster

kostêr (canonical)
koster-koster (plural)

coaster (something that coasts or is used to coast)


koster

Borrowed from Dutch koster, from Middle Dutch coster, from Old French costre, from Late Latin custor, from custōs.

(Catholicism) a churchwarden, a caretaker at a church, sacristan


knalpot

knalpot-knalpot (plural)
kenalpot (alternative)

muffler (a part of a motor vehicle's exhaust system)


seroma

sêroma (canonical)
seroma-seroma (plural)


seroma

séroma (canonical)
seroma-seroma (plural)

(pathology) seroma: a pocket of clear serous fluid that sometimes develops in the body after surgery


lebih

Inherited from Malay lebih, from Proto-Malayic *ləbih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləbiq (“excess, surplus”). Cognate with Minangkabau labiah, Javanese luwih.

inh

Aku lebih suka dendeng dibanding rendang.

lebih dingin

Dia lebih kaya daripada kamu.

more (used to mark comparative adjective)


cukup

enough, sufficient, adequate, ample, plenty


cukai

cukai-cukai (plural)
tjoekai (alternative)

From Malay cukai (“tax”), from Tamil சுங்கம் (cuṅkam). Displaced Dutch accijnzen, accijns (“excise”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

(law, government) excise, a tax charged on goods produced within the country

duty, a tax placed on imports or exports; a tariff


angkasa

angkasa-angkasa (plural)
akasa (alternative)

From Malay angkasa, from Classical Malay اڠکاس (angkasa), from Sanskrit आकाश (ākāśa, “sky, space”).


dinding

From Malay dinding, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diŋdiŋ.

wall (structure as side of or division in a building or other structure, even of a cell)


ribut

From Malay ribut, from Proto-Malayic *ribut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ribut.


anastilosis

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Ancient Greek αναστήλωσις (anastḗlōsis).

lbor

(archaeology) anastylosis: the reassembly of ruined monuments or other artifacts from remaining fragments in an archeologically responsible way (with use of modern materials when needed)


gasing

spinning top, toy with a tapering point that can be made to spin on its axis

bergasing

having spinning top, playing spinning top


musim semi

From musim (“season”) + semi (“sprout”).


daulat

daulat-daulat (plural)
dolat (alternative)

Inherited from Malay daulat, ultimately from Arabic دَوْلَة (dawla, “state”). Cognate of Classical Persian دولت (daulat), Hindi दौलत (daulat, “wealth, riches”), Javanese ꦢꦲꦸꦭꦠ꧀ (daulat, “blessing”), and Tagalog daulat (“happy fortune; bliss; misunderstanding”).


daulat

daulat-daulat (plural)
daulah (alternative)


wajib

From Malay wajib, from Classical Malay wajib, from Arabic وَاجِب (wājib).


ARFID

avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder#English

(psychiatry) Initialism of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.


kapasitet

Alternative form of kapasitas (“capacity”)


sujud

From Malay sujud, from Arabic سُجُود (sujūd), سَجَدَ (sajada, “to prostrate oneself, to bow down”).

the act or condition of prostrating oneself (lying flat), as a sign of humility

(Islam) prostration to God facing the qiblah, usually done in salah


picu

From Malay picu, from Portuguese [Term?] pico, picar (“to provoke”), from Vulgar Latin *pīccāre (“to puncture”), itself from *pīccus (“woodpecker”), variant of Latin pīcus, or of onomatopoeic origin.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic


persik

From Dutch perzik, from Middle Dutch perseke, ultimately from Late Latin persicum, persica.


almanak

book or table containing dates, often including nautical, astronomical, astrological, historical or other information

calendar: a means to determine the date consisting of a document containing dates and other temporal information


koral

Internationalism, borrowed from English coral


tertawa

Affixed ter- + tawa, from Malay tertawa, from Classical Malay tertawa.

Kita sering kali menemukan diri kita tertawa pada saat-saat yang paling aneh.

We often find ourselves laughing at the most bizarre moments.

Ketika kita tertawa bersama orang lain, Anda menunjukkan bahwa Anda menyukai mereka, Anda setuju dengan mereka, atau Anda berada dalam satu kelompok yang sama dengan mereka.

When we laugh with other people, you show that you like them, you agree with them, or you are in the same group as them.


siksa

siksa-siksa (plural)
seksa (alternative)

From Malay seksa, siksa, from Classical Malay سيقسا (seksa), سيکسا (siksa), from Sanskrit शिक्षा (śikṣā, “punishment, chastisement”).


terbatas

Affixed ter- + batas (“boundary; limit”), from Malay terbatas.


sadel

From Dutch zadel (“saddle”), from Middle Dutch sādel, from Old Dutch *sadul, *sadal, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz.


risoto

(cooking) risotto: an Italian savoury dish made with rice and other ingredients


baboe

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of babu (“housemaid”).


akad

From Malay akad, from Classical Malay عقد (akad), from Arabic عَقْد (ʕaqd, “compact, contract, covenant”).


farmasi

From Malay farmasi, from Dutch farmacie (“pharmacy”), from Old French farmacie, from Medieval Latin pharmacia, from Ancient Greek φαρμακεία (pharmakeía, “the use of drugs”), from φάρμακον (phármakon, “a drug, charm, enchantment”).

pharmacy, the science of medicinal substances comprising pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry and forensics

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


elementer

From Dutch elementair, from French élémentaire, from Latin elementārius.

elementary: relating to the basic, essential or fundamental part of something


kromatografi

Borrowed from Dutch chromatografie (“chromatography”).


kromatografis

Borrowed from Dutch chromatografisch (“chromatographic, chromatographical”).

(analytical chemistry) chromatographic, chromatographical


janggut

janggut-janggut (plural)
jenggot (alternative)
djanggoet (alternative)
djanggut (alternative)

From Malay janggut,
from Classical Malay جڠݢوت (janggut). Doublet of jenggot.

[ˈd͡ʒäŋ.ɡut̪̚]


janggut

From Betawi janggut, from Balinese ᬚᬕᬸᬢ᭄ (jagut).

[ˈd͡ʒäŋ.ɡut̪̚]

the jutting jawline below the mouth; chin


adil

From Malay adil, from Classical Malay عاديل (adil), from Arabic عَادِل (ʕādil).


ateisme

atéismê (canonical)
ateisme-ateisme (plural)

Internationalism, affixed ateis + -isme, borrowed from Dutch atheïsme, from Middle French athéisme.


beja

Oentoek sementara waktoe Beja (In- en uitvoerrechten) tidak oesah dioeroes

for the time being, customs do not need to be taken care of.


setra

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦺꦠꦿ (sétra, “field, graveyard”) and Balinese ᬲᬾᬢ᭄ᬭ (setra, “cemetery, graveyard”), from Old Javanese setra, kṣetra (“field; cemetery, graveyard; area, sphere of action”), from Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “field”).


bajingan

Borrowed from Javanese bajingan (ꦧꦗꦶꦁꦔꦤ꧀). Equivalent to (dialectal) bajing (“squirrel”) + -an.


bajingan

id-noun

bajingan (plural bajingan-bajingan or para bajingan)

bajingan-bajingan (plural)
para bajingan (plural)

Untung aku gak sama si bajingan itu.

(colloquial, offensive) a generally despicable person


boker

From berak (“to defecate, to shit”) + -ok-, then the final rime elided.

(colloquial, originally slang) Prokem form of berak


episkopat

èpiskopat (canonical)
episkopat-episkopat (plural)

From Dutch episcopaat, from Late Latin episcopatus.

(Catholicism) the tenure in office of a bishop

episcopate:
the tenure in office of a bishop

(Catholicism) a bishop's jurisdiction, the extent of his diocese


begitu

bêgitu (canonical)
gitu (alternative colloquial)

Inherited from Malay begitu, probably from blend of bagi + itu.

Memang percakapan mereka begitu.

Indeed their conversation was like that.


begitu

tidak begitu baik

Dia begitu pintar dalam matematika.


begitu

Dia hampir terlambat karena begitu dia masuk, gerbang sekolah langsung ditutup.

He was almost late because as soon as he entered, the school gate was immediately closed.

as soon as (at the moment when; immediately after; instantly)


lebuh

(road transport, rare) street, main road, thoroughfare


minuman

minuman (countable and uncountable, plural minuman-minuman)


keparat

From Arabic كَفَرَتْ (kafarat). Doublet of kafarat.

(offensive, vulgar) goddamn it! (expression of anger, contempt, etc.)


keparat

(offensive) a common term of abuse for a man, analogous to bastard; motherfucker


korporal

Borrowed from Portuguese corporal, from Latin corporālis.

(Catholicism) corporal, communion cloth: the white linen cloth on which the elements of the Eucharist are placed


padas

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦝꦱ꧀ (padhas, “hard ground”), from Old Javanese paras (“rock”). Doublet of paras.


wisma

From Javanese ꦮꦶꦱ꧀ꦩ (wisma, “house”), from Old Javanese wiśma, weśma (“house, dwelling”), from Sanskrit वेश्मन् (veśman, “palace, abode, house”).

der

complex, a collection of buildings with a common purpose


bawang putih

id-noun

bawang putih (plural bawang-bawang putih)

Compound of bawang (“Allium sp.”) + putih (“white”), from Malay bawang putih.


lubang pantat

lubang pantat (plural lubang-lubang pantat)

From lubang (“hole”) + pantat (“arse [UK], ass [US]”).

compound

(slang, vulgar) arsehole, asshole (the anus)


asetilena

From Dutch acetyleen, from French acétylène, coined by French chemist Marcellin Berthelot.

(organic chemistry, countable) any organic compound having one or more carbon–carbon triple bonds; an alkyne

(organic chemistry, uncountable) ethyne; the simplest alkyne, a hydrocarbon of formula HC≡CH. It is a colourless, odourless, extremely flammable, explosive gas, formerly used as an illuminating gas, but now used in welding and metallurgy


tolak

Inherited from Malay tolak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”).


keringat

kêringat (canonical)
keringat-keringat (plural)

Inherited from Malay keringat, from Old Javanese kariṅĕt (“sweat”).


kontol

(slang, vulgar) cock, dick, prick, schlong (the penis)


kontol

Kontol! Kenapa jadi begini!?

(colloquial, vulgar) used to express worry, failure, shock, etc.


patriark

patriark-patriark (plural)
batrik (alternative)

From Dutch patriarch, from Late Latin patriarcha, from Byzantine Greek πατριάρχης (patriárkhēs, “the founder of the tribe/family”), from Ancient Greek πατριά (patriá, “generation, ancestry, descent, tribe, family”) + -άρχης (-árkhēs, “-arch”). Doublet of batrik.

der

father, the male head of a tribal line or family

a founder of a political or religious movement, an organization or an enterprise

patriarch,
an old leader of a village or community

(Christianity) the highest form of bishop, in the ancient world having authority over other bishops in the province but now generally as an honorary title; in Roman Catholicism, considered a bishop second only to the Pope in rank


megafon

From Dutch megafoon, from English megaphone. By surface analysis, mega- + fon.

megaphone (a portable, usually hand-held, funnel-shaped device that is used to amplify a person’s natural voice toward a targeted direction)


replik

From French réplique, from Latin replicō. Doublet of replika.

(law) prosecutor's reply on defendant's defense


BAP

(law) Abbreviation of Berita Acara Pemeriksaan.


Turki

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in western Asia)


slendro

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱ꧀ꦭꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦺꦴ (sléndro).

bor+

(music) slendro: a pentatonic scale, the older of the two most common scales used in Indonesian gamelan music, the other being pelog


karakuri

Borrowed from Japanese 絡繰り (からくり, karakuri, “mechanism, trick”).


pakan

From Malay pakan, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pakan.

weft (threads that crosses the warp thread in a woven fabric)


pakan

From Javanese pakan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən. Doublet of pangan and makan.


kutil

(dermatology) a type of deformed growth occurring on the skin caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV)

any similar growth occurring in plants or animals


kakawin

kakawin-kakawin (plural)
kekawin (alternative)

Reanalyzed as kawi + ke- -an, from Old Javanese kakawin, from Sanskrit कवि (kavi, “poet”).


bregada

brêgada (canonical)
bregada-bregada (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦽꦒꦢ (bregada, “brigade”), from Portuguese brigada (“brigade”), from French brigade, from Italian brigata. Doublet of brigade.


pengairan

2005, Subhani, Ayatullah Ja'far, Bahagiakan Diri Anda dengan Menjadi Orang Sukses, Zahra Publishing House, page 120

Trees on irrigated land that grow in a cradle of pleasure and the cradle of a gardener are not accustomed to problems and calamities.

Pepohonan di tepi pengairan yang tumbuh dalam buaian kenikmatan dan buaian tukang kebun, tak terbiasa dengan masalah dan musibah.


amau

hair that grows on the body other than hair


performa

pêrforma (canonical)
performa-performa (plural)

From Dutch performance, from English performance or French performance.

the act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; representation by action

performance:
(art) a live show or concert

(Standard Malay)

(management) the amount of useful work accomplished estimated in terms of time needed, resources used, etc.

linguistic performance
linguistic performance

(linguistics) the actual use of language in concrete situations by native speakers of a language, as opposed to the system of linguistic knowledge they possess (competence), cf. linguistic performance


wilis

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦶꦭꦶꦱ꧀ (wilis, “green”), from Old Javanese wilis (“green; dark-green; fresh; young”).

der

wilis:


seremoni

sérémoni (canonical)
seremoni-seremoni (plural)

From Dutch ceremonie (“ceremony”), from Latin caerimonia or caeremonia, later often cerimonia (“sacredness, reverence, a sacred rite”).


kuntul

(chiefly obsolete) tailless (of chicken, etc.)


oknum

Borrowed from Arabic أُقْنُوم (ʔuqnūm), ultimately from Classical Syriac ܩܢܽܘܡܳܐ (qnōmā, “self, essence, person, hypostasis”). "Infamous person" sense was only popularized by Mochtar Lubis in late 1960, themed around PKI.

oknum polisi

(derogatory) infamous, notorious (of a person)


oknum

→ Tetum: oknum

(theology, Christianity) person, hypostasis

(derogatory) infamous party, individual, elements, person


desimal

dèsimal (canonical)
desimal-desimal (plural)

From Dutch decimaal, from French décimal, from Late Latin, Medieval Latin decimalis, from Latin decimus, from decem (“ten”) + adjective suffix -alis.

a number expressed in the base-ten system, (particularly) a fractional numeral written in this system


brengsek

(vulgar, offensive) a douchebag (bad person)


abaimana

From Malay abaimana, from Sanskrit अपमान्य (apamānya).


geulis

(dialectal) Synonym of cantik (“pretty, beautiful”)


cukimai

Borrowed from Manado Malay cukimai, which is a compound of cuki (“vagina”) + mai (“mother”).


cukimai

(literally, vulgar) (your) mother's vagina

(vulgar, offensive) motherfucker (an extremely contemptible, vicious or mean person)


genotipe

génotipê (canonical)
genotipe-genotipe (plural)


bihun

Borrowed from Hokkien 米粉 (bí-hún). Compare Tagalog bihon, English bee hoon.


sohun

sohun-sohun (plural)
soun (alternative)
so'un (alternative)
so-un (alternative)
suun (alternative)
su'un (alternative)
su-un (alternative)

From Malay soh hoon (“vermicelli cellophane noodles”), from Hokkien, possibly 索粉 or 線粉 /线粉 or a clipping of the middle syllable of 山東粉 /山东粉 (soaⁿ-tang-hún). Compare Tagalog sotanghon. See also Hokkien 冬粉 (tang-hún), English tang hoon.

bor

vermicelli cellophane noodles, alternative form of suun


agung

Inherited from Malay agung, from Classical Malay اڬوڠ (agung), from Javanese ꦲꦒꦸꦁ (agung), from Old Javanese aguṅ. Cognate of Sundanese ageung.

grand (Great in size, and fine or imposing in appearance or impression)

grand (Having higher rank or more dignity, size, or importance than other persons or things of the same name)


tadarus

From Malay tadarus, from Arabic تَدَارُس (tadārus).

the act of reciting Quran together, usually in a mosque during Ramadhan


kontur

From Dutch contour, from French contour.

an outline, boundary or border, usually of curved shape

(geography) a line on a map or chart delineating those points which have the same altitude or other plotted quantity: a contour line or isopleth.

(linguistics) a speech sound which behaves as a single segment, but which makes an internal transition from one quality, place, or manner to another


gembala

gêmbala (canonical)
gembala-gembala (plural)

From Malay gembala, possible used infix - + --em-, possibly through a Middle Indo-Aryan language, ultimately from Sanskrit गोपाल (gopāla, “cowherd, earth-protector”).

der

(figurative, Christianity) saviour, shepherd


ciri

Inherited from Malay چيري (ciri), from Javanese ꦕꦶꦫꦶ (ciri, “sign, identifying mark, scar”), from Old Javanese ciri (“sign, distinctive mark, evidence”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">ciri</i>

der

distinguishing mark, identification mark

(linguistics) the elements into which linguistic units can be broken down

(biology) trait: an identifying characteristic, habit or trend

(literature) mantra (prayer) recited at the coronation of a king


kembung

Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta)


wilayah

From Malay wilayah, from Arabic وِلَايَة (wilāya).


pesero

pesero-pesero (plural)
persero (alternative)

From earlier persero, from Portuguese parceiro (“business partner”), from Old Galician-Portuguese parceiro, from Late Latin partiārius, from Latin partiō, from pars. Reconstructed as peng- + sero (“stock”).


anak sundal

From anak (“child”) + sundal (“bitch/whore”).

(vulgar, derogatory) motherfucker. Literally "son of a whore"


overdosis

ovêrdosis (canonical)
overdosis-overdosis (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch overdosis (“overdose”).


sogo

A genericized trademark of the Japanese trademark Sogo, from the founder name 十合伊兵衛(そごういへえ) (sogō ihē).

ja-r

十合伊兵衛(そごういへえ) (sogō ihē)


bandha

From Javanese bandha (ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝ), from Old Javanese bhāṇḍa (“goods, wares, merchandise”), from Sanskrit भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa, “good”). Doublet of benda.

der

(dialect, Java) alternative spelling of banda


kalimah

Inherited from Malay kalimah, from Arabic كَلِمَة (kalima, “speech, utterance, statement; word”). Doublet of kalimat.

expression, remark, statement, utterance


pondok

→ Hokkien: 盆洛 (phûn-lo̍k)

From Malay pondok, from Classical Malay pondok, from Arabic فُنْدُق (funduq, “hotel”), from Ancient Greek πανδοκεῖον (pandokeîon). The sense “hut” is a semantic loan from Betawi pondok. The sense “Islamic school” is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦥꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (pondhok).

semantic loan

bungalow; cottage; lodge: a building for short-term stay

pondok pesantren
pondok pesantren#Indonesian

(Islam) ellipsis of pondok pesantren.: an Islamic boarding school, primarily teaching Islam and the Qur'an, similar to other Islamic educational institutions, such as madrasah and maktab


pameget

pamêgêt (canonical)
pameget-pameget (plural)


garwa

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦂꦮ (garwa, “wife”).


biang

Inherited from Malay biang. Cognate of Sundanese biang.

(of animals, plants, etc.) mother, parent

(dialectal) Synonym of kepala (“head, chief”)


tangkal

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">tangkal</i>


gajih

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦗꦶꦃ (gajih, “fat”), from Old Javanese gajih (“fat”).


tanduk

From Malay tanduk, from Classical Malay tanduk.

a hard growth of keratin that protrudes from the top of the head of certain animals, usually paired

any similar real or imaginary growth or projection such as the elongated tusk of a narwhal, the eyestalk of a snail, the pointed growth on the nose of a rhinoceros, or the hornlike projection on the head of a demon or similar

the hard substance from which animals' horns are made, sometimes used by man as a material for making various objects

horn
an object whose shape resembles a horn


tungkai

limb (major appendage of human or animal)


LRT

Initialism of Lintasan Raya Terpadu (literally) integrated mass trajectory (of rails), or Initialism of Lintasan Rel Terpadu (literally) integrated rail trajectory; light rail transit;


tuang

(intransitive, colloquial, dialectal) to play truant


tiup

meniup (active)
ditiup (passive)
tioep (alternative)

Inherited from Malay tiup, from Proto-Malayic *tiup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tiup (“blowing on, fanning”).

inh

to blow (to play a musical instrument by blowing)


ambung

From Javanese ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁ (ambung) or Sundanese ambung.


pupus

From Malay pupus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puspus (“finished, completed; all gone”), *-pus (“end, finish”).

extinct, no longer in existence; having died out


labuh

Inherited from Malay labuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *labuq (“to fall; drop anchor”). The sense "to drift or float" is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦭꦧꦸꦃ (labuh).


labuh

(archaic) classifier for blind, curtain, drape


kumbah

kumbah (root)
mengumbah (active nominative)
terkumbah (nominative passive)
dikumbah (nominative passive)
kumbah (nominative)
kumbahlah (nominative)
mengumbahi (active)
terkumbahi (passive)
dikumbahi (passive)
kumbahi
kumbahilah
mengumbahkan (active)
terkumbahkan (passive)
dikumbahkan (passive)
kumbahkan
kumbahkanlah
memperkumbah (active causative nominative)
terperkumbah (causative nominative passive)
diperkumbah (causative nominative passive)
perkumbah (causative nominative)
perkumbahlah (causative nominative)
memperkumbahi (active causative)
terperkumbahi (causative passive)
diperkumbahi (causative passive)
perkumbahi (causative)
perkumbahilah (causative)
memperkumbahkan (active causative)
terperkumbahkan (causative passive)
diperkumbahkan (causative passive)
perkumbahkan (causative)
perkumbahkanlah (causative)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦃ (kumbah), from Old Javanese kumbah. Cognate of Sundanese kumbah.


tembang

têmbang (canonical)
tembang-tembang (plural)


apung

apung (root)
mengapung (active nominative)
terapung (nominative passive)
apung (nominative)
apunglah (nominative)
mengapungi (active)
terapungi (passive)
diapungi (passive)
apungi
apungilah
mengapungkan (active)
terapungkan (passive)
diapungkan (passive)
apungkan
apungkanlah
ampung (alternative)

From Malay apung, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *apuŋ (“float”).


kucur

mengucur (active)
kucur (root)
mengucur (active nominative)
mengucuri (active)
terkucuri (passive)
dikucuri (passive)
kucuri
kucurilah
mengucurkan (active)
terkucurkan (passive)
dikucurkan (passive)
kucurkan
kucurkanlah

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦸꦕꦸꦂ (kucur, “water spout”), from Old Javanese kucur (“streaming, flowing, pouring, gushing, spouting”).


beku

From Malay beku, from Classical Malay beku.

frozen (having undergone the process of freezing; in ice form)

(of a bank account or assets, figurative) frozen (in a state such that transactions are not allowed)

(grammar, figurative) frozen (old or obsolete and operates only on a specific word or phrase)


marcapada

marcapada-marcapada (plural)
mercapada (alternative)
mercupada (alternative)

From Sundanese marcapada (“Earth”, literally “mortal world”) or Javanese ꦩꦂꦕꦥꦢ (marcapada, “earth”), from Old Javanese mĕrcapada, martyapada (“earth”, literally “mortal world”), from Sanskrit मर्त्य (martya, “mortal”) + पद (pada, “place”).


pedut

Borrowed from Javanese pedhut (“fog, mist”).


asbut

id-noun

asbut (usually uncountable, plural asbut-asbut)

Blend of asap (“smoke”) + kabut (“fog”), a calque of English smog.


awang

Inherited from Malay awang, from Classical Malay اوڠ (awang), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *awaŋ (“atmosphere”).

(chiefly dialectal) sky, atmosphere, space


awang

From Malay awang, from Classical Malay اوڠ (awang). Doublet of abang and bang.


awang

carvings of the Sea Serui tribe with coral motifs, usually found on boats, tifa, etc.


hawu

From Sundanese hawu (“stove”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of abu.


suluh

Inherited from Malay suluh, from Proto-Malayic *suluh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suluq.


suluh

Ia menyuluh lorong yang gelap itu dengan lampu senter.

He lights up the dark hallway with a flashlight.


bener

(colloquial, Java) Alternative form of benar


unggul

Inherited from Malay unggul, from Javanese ꦲꦸꦁꦒꦸꦭ꧀ (unggul).


berlumpur

Inherited from Malay berlumpur. Equivalent to
From ber- + lumpur.


lempeng

Borrowed from Betawi lempeng.
* Semantic loan from English plate for sense “geology plate”, “denture base”, “larger scale” and “printing plate”.


lempeng

(herpetology) any of various larger scales found in some reptiles

(dentistry) a shaped and fitted surface, usually ceramic or metal that fits into the mouth and in which teeth are implanted; a denture base

(printing) an engraved surface used to transfer an image to paper


lempeng

Borrowed from Sundanese ᮜᮨᮙ᮪ᮕᮨᮀ (lempeng, “straight”).


lembut

Inherited from Malay lembut. Compare to Javanese lembut, Sundanese lembut and Tagalog lambot.

melembutkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


apabila

Compound of apa (“what”) + bila (“when”), from Malay apabila (“when”)


komis

komis-komis (plural)
commies (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch commies, from French commis.


gawai

→ Malay: gawai (semantic loan)

Inherited from Malay gawai, from Old Javanese gawe, gaway (“work, task, occupation; work, product; feast, celebration; use, purpose”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gaway (“religious feast; festivity”), either learned from Javanese ꦒꦮꦺ (gawé, “work, use”) or via precursor Malay dialects.
* The sense “gadget” is a semantic loan from English gadget. Coined by Indonesian translator Erich Ekoputra.
* The sense “celebration” is a semantic loan from Kendayan gawai.

coinage

celebration, particularly of the Gawai Dayak


losmen

Borrowed from Dutch logement (“hostel”), from French logement.

hostel (an affordable overnight lodging place)


juru

juru-juru (plural)
djoeroe (alternative)
djuru (alternative)

Inherited from Malay juru-, from Javanese ꦗꦸꦫꦸ (juru, “expert”), from Old Javanese juru (“head, leader, chief; tradesman”).

der

(obsolete) worker; skilled man; professional: a person who belongs to a job or a profession which required training or skill


juru

(government) civil servant 1 grade, specifically 1/C grade


juru

Inherited from Malay juru, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zuru (“corner; side, edge”).


juru

(silat, dated) alternative spelling of jurus


dialektika

dialèktika (canonical)
dialektika-dialektika (plural)
dialéktik (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin dialectica.


klasik

Borrowed from Dutch klassiek, from French classique, from Latin classicus.

of or relating to the first class or rank, especially in literature or art

conforming to the best authority in literature and art; chaste; pure; refined

of or pertaining to the ancient, especially to the ancient authors of the highest rank, or of the period when their best literature was produced; of or pertaining to places inhabited by the ancient, or rendered famous by their deeds


ASI

(medicine, healthcare) Acronym of air susu ibu (“breast milk”, literally “mother's milk”).


anamnese

(medicine, psychology) alternative spelling of anamnesis


klinik

From Dutch kliniek, from French clinique, from Late Latin clinicus (“a bed-ridden person, one baptized on a sick-bed, a physician”), from Ancient Greek κλινικός (klinikós, “pertaining to a bed”), from κλίνη (klínē, “bed”), from κλίνειν (klínein, “to lean, incline”).

der

(healthcare) clinic: a medical facility, such as a hospital, especially one for the treatment and diagnosis of outpatients

Pada pembelajaran fase klinik, mahasiswa diberi kesempatan terlibat dalam pelayanan kesehatan dengan bimbingan dan pengawasan supervisor klinik.

In clinical learning phase, students offered opportunity to be involved in health service under guidance and supervision of clinical supervisor.

(medicine) clinic, clinical: a school, or a session of a school or class, in which medicine or surgery is taught by the examination and treatment of patients in the presence of the pupils


bengal

From Malay bengal, from Old Javanese waṅal (“obstinate, daring”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer [Term?].


amal

From Malay amal, from Classical Malay عمل (amal), from Arabic عَمَل (ʕamal, “work, action, deed”).


amal

able as a shaman to summon something when needed


parafin

Borrowed from Dutch paraffine, from Latin paraffinum, from parum (too little) + affinis (related, affinity). Therefore low affinity or being chemically neutral.

(petrochemistry, organic chemistry) paraffin


konsulen

konsulèn (canonical)
konsulen-konsulen (plural)

From Dutch consulent, from Latin cōnsulēns. Cognate of Afrikaans konsulent.

(Standard Malay)

(healthcare) attending (US, Canada), consultant (UK)


pandita

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦠ (pandhita, “a Hindu priest, religious leader”), from Old Javanese paṇḍita (“sage, holy man”), from Sanskrit पण्डित (paṇḍitá, “scholar, philosopher”). Doublet of pandai and pendeta.


antipati

From Dutch antipathie, from French antipathie.


sertifikat

sértifikat (canonical)
sertifikat-sertifikat (plural)
sertipikat (alternative)

From earlier sertipikat, from Dutch certificaat (“certificate”), from French certificat, from Medieval Latin certificātum. Cognate of Afrikaans sertifikaat.

a document containing a certified statement

certificate:
a document evidencing ownership or debt

a document serving as evidence as a person has completed an educational course


Siprus

Borrowed from Dutch Cyprus, from Latin Cyprus, from Ancient Greek Κύπρος (Kúpros).

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


futurolog

id-noun

futurolog (plural futurolog-futurolog or para futurolog)

futurolog-futurolog (plural)
para futurolog (plural)

futurologist, a person who practices futurology


keistimewaan

specialness: the state or quality of being special

Apa keistimewaan saudara?

specialty: something for which one has a chosen expertise or talent


potensial

* Learned borrowing from Late Latin potentialis.
* From Dutch potentiaal, from German Potenzial.


potensial

(physics) potential: the work (energy) required to move a reference particle from a reference location to a specified location in the presence of a force field, for example to bring a unit positive electric charge from an infinite distance to a specified point against an electric field


yupa

From Sanskrit यूप (yūpa, “post, pillar”).


komunike

komuniké (canonical)
komunike-komunike (plural)

From Dutch communiqué, from French communiqué.

(politics) communiqué: An official report or statement, such as a government press release or the report of a conference


tempa

From Sanskrit तप (tapa, “heat”), तपस् (tapas). Reanalysed as tapa + -em-.


menir

From Javanese ꦩꦼꦤꦶꦂ (menir, “broken grain”).


menir

From Dutch meneer (“sir, mister”), mijnheer, from Middle Dutch mijnhere. Compare English milord.


singkek

singkék (canonical)
sengkek (alternative)
singkeh (alternative)

From Hokkien 新客 (sin-kheh, literally “new guest”), a term used to refer to relatively new Chinese arrivals in Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia (as opposed to Peranakan) around the 1800s to 1900s, as compound of 新 (sin, “new; recently”) + 客 (kheh, “guest”). Compare Malay sengkek, Tagalog singki.

compound

(ethnic slur, offensive) Chinese pure blood (as opposed to a Peranakan)

(ethnic slur, offensive) Chinaman, Chink (person of Chinese descent)


singkek

dasar singkek


khatam

Inherited from Malay khatam, from Arabic خَتْم (ḵatm), verbal noun of خَتَمَ (ḵatama, “seal”).


khatam

Inherited from Malay khatam, from Arabic خَاتَم (ḵātam).


astenopia

(ophthalmology, pathology) asthenopia, eyestrain


lombok

chili: the pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking

chili pepper: any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which has a spicy/burning flavour because it contains capsaicin


atelia

(pathology) atelia: incomplete development (of a body part)


pujangga

From Sanskrit पूजाङ्ग (pūjāṅga) from पूजा (pūjā) + अङ्ग (aṅga). Doublet of bujangga.

पूजा (pūjā) + अङ्ग (aṅga)


wuku

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦸꦏꦸ (wuku) and Balinese ᬯᬸᬓᬸ (wuku), from Old Javanese wuku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukuh. Doublet of buku.

(Java, Bali) week in traditional calendar


air seni

Compound of air (“water”) + seni, inherited from Malay air seni.

Hematuria adalah kondisi ketika darah bercampur dengan air seni.

Hematuria is the condition where blood gets mixed with urine.


bangun-bangun

coleus barbatus (a tropical perennial plant related to the typical coleus species)

(obsolete) look (physical appearance, visual impression)


kandungan

Inherited from Malay kandungan. Equivalent to kandung + -an


kandung

head

kandung (active mengandung, passive dikandung)

Inherited from Malay kandung. Compare to Tagalog kandong.

Near-synonym: berisi

Minuman ini mengandung gula yang tinggi.

(dialectal or obsolete) to bring something, in the pocket or similar


kandung

(uncommon) Apocopic form of kandungan (“content; uterus”)

(dialectal or rare, except in compounds) Synonym of kantong


rahim

From Malay rahim, from Arabic رَحِم (raḥim, “womb”).

womb, uterus (in female mammals, the organ in which the young are conceived and grow until birth)


abduktor

Borrowed from New Latin abductor, from abductus + -or.

(anatomy) abductor (a muscle which serves to draw a part out, or from the median line of the body)


antikritik

anticritique (a critique written in response to another critique)


cepat

cêpat (canonical)
tjepat (alternative)
cepet (alternative)

[t͡ʃəˈpat̪̚]

From Malay cepat, from Classical Malay cepat.

Dia lari sangat cepat.

swift; fast: moving with great speed, or capable of doing so


cepu

cepu-cepu (plural)
cepuk (alternative)
cupu (alternative)

From Malay cepu, from Tamil செப்பு (ceppu).


cepu

Probably from Baba Malay chepuak (“belong to particular group”).


sirkuler

sirkulèr (canonical)
sirkuler-sirkuler (plural)

From Dutch circulaire, from French circulaire, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus. Doublet of sirkular.


piala

Inherited from Malay ڤيالا (piala, “beaker; goblet: drinking-cup”), from Persian پیاله (piyâle, “cup, chalice”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">piala</i>

inh+

(Catholicism) chalice: A large drinking cup, often having a stem and base and used especially for formal occasions and religious ceremonies


kriteria

id-noun

kriteria (countable and uncountable, plural kriteria-kriteria)

kriteria-kriteria (plural)
kriterium (alternative)

From Dutch criteria, plural of criterium, from New Latin critērium, from Ancient Greek κριτήριον (kritḗrion).

criterion, criteria (standard for comparison and appreciation)


indikator

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin indicator.


epigon

èpigon (canonical)
epigon-epigon (plural)

From English epigone, from French épigones, from Latin epigonī, from Ancient Greek ἐπίγονοι (epígonoi), plural form of ἐπίγονος (epígonos, “offspring, descendant”), from ἐπιγίγνομαι (epigígnomai, “I come after”), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”), from γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I become”).

epigone: an undistinguished or inferior imitator of a well known artist or their style


pornoaksi

From porno + aksi.
Coined in 2006 in the Bill against Pornography and Pornoaction, which passed in 2008.


monoteisme

Learned borrowing from English monotheism.

lbor

the belief in a single deity (one god or goddess); especially within an organized religion

the belief that God is one person (Judaism, Unitarian Christianity, Islam), not three persons (Trinitarian Christianity, Hinduism)


spesies

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin speciēs.

(biology, taxonomy) a category in the classification of organisms, ranking below genus; a taxon at that rank

(chemistry, physics) a particular type of atom, molecule, ion or other particle


Selandia Baru

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


paralel

From Dutch parallel, from French parallèle, from Middle French parallèle, from Latin parallēlus.


kosen

kosèn (canonical)
kosen-kosen (plural)
kusen (alternative)

From Dutch kozijn, from Middle Dutch cassijn, from Old French cassin.


kosen

From Betawi kosèn (“brave, immune, potent”), from Hokkien 高尚 (ko-siāng, “noble; refined”).


menemukan

mênêmukan (canonical)
ditemukan (passive)


kopitiam

kopitiam-kopitiam (plural)
kopi tiam (alternative)

From Malay kopitiam, from Hokkien 咖啡店 (ko-pi-tiàm).


antok

(dialect) thin object attached to the joint


rawa

From Malay rawa, from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *rawaq (“swamp; morass”). Cognate with Javanese ꦫꦮ (rawa) and Tagalog lawa (“lake”).


liberalisme

libêralismê (canonical)
liberalisme-liberalisme (plural)

From liberal + -isme, from Dutch liberalisme, from French libéralisme.


kipas

a hand-held device consisting of concertinaed material, or slats of material, gathered together at one end, that may be opened out into the shape of a sector of a circle and waved back and forth in order to move air towards oneself and cool oneself

an electrical or mechanical device for moving air, used for cooling people, machinery, etc.


kipas

fan-like shape: anything resembling a hand-held fan in shape, e.g., a peacock’s tail


kimia

From Malay kimia, from Arabic كِيمِيَاء (kīmiyāʔ), from Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā, “art of alloying metals”), from χύμα (khúma, “ingot, bar”).

der

Arabic كِيمِيَاء (kīmiyāʔ)

kimia farmasi

medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry


Jawa

From Malay Jawa, from Javanese ꦗꦮ (jawa),
* From Sanskrit यव (yava, “barley, grain”).
* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zawa, from Proto-Austronesian *zawa. Cognate of Javanese ꦗꦼꦮꦮꦸꦠ꧀ (jewawut, “foxtail millet”).

cog

Javanese an indigenous language spoken by Javanese people


adas

From Malay adas (“fennel”), from Classical Malay ادس (adas), from Arabic عَدَس (ʕadas, “lentil”), possibly via Persian عدس (“'adas”).


asor

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦱꦺꦴꦂ (asor, “low, inferior; lose”).


keramik

kêramik (canonical)
keramik-keramik (plural)
séramik (alternative)

From Dutch keramiek, from French céramique, from Ancient Greek κεραμικός (keramikós, “potter's”), from κέραμος (kéramos, “potter's clay”), perhaps from a pre-Hellenic word.


lokomotif

lokomotif-lokomotif (plural)
lok (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch locomotief, from English locomotive.

(rail transport) locomotive: the power unit of a train that pulls the coaches or wagons


heksagon

Internationalism. Borrowed from English hexagon, from Latin hexagōnum, from Ancient Greek ἑξάγωνον (hexágōnon)

(geometry) hexagon; a polygon with six sides and six angles


HPHT

(obstetrics) Initialism of hari pertama haid terakhir (“last menstrual period, LMP”, literally “the first day of the last menstrual period”).


joni

From Joni. Unknown who first popularized the nickname.


taktik

From Dutch tactiek, from Ancient Greek τακτικός (taktikós, “fit for ordering”).

tactic, a maneuver, or action calculated to achieve some end


laba-laba

laba-laba (plural)
labah-labah (alternative)
lelaba (alternative)
lelabah (alternative)

From Malay labah-labah, reduplication of labah, perhaps from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lawaq₂. Compare Ilocano lawwa, Maguindanao lalawa, and Bikol Central lawa.


gurami

gurami-gurami (plural)
gerameh (alternative)
gerami (alternative)

Ikan gurami ikan gabus, ikan arwana makannya tikus. Biar silaturahmi tidak terputus, pinjam dulu seratus.

Gouramies and snakeheads, arwanas eat mice. To keep our relations steady, please lend me a hundred.


fikes

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu kesehatan.


Prancis

From earlier spelling Perancis, from Malay Perancis (“French”), from Portuguese francês (“French”). Doublet of pirang.

Perancis (alternative)
Perancis (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)


tematik

tèmatik (canonical)
tematis (alternative)


diagnostik

diagnostics: the practice or techniques of diagnosis


diagnostik

(medicine) diagnostic:
of, or relating to diagnosis

(medicine) diagnostic:
characteristic of a particular disease


dekor

From Dutch decor, from French décor, from Latin decor.

decor, a stage setting; scenery; set; backdrop

decoration, that which adorns, enriches, or beautifies; something added by way of embellishment; ornament


PJT

Perusahaan Umum Jasa Tirta
w:id:Jasa Tirta

Initialism of Perusahaan Umum Jasa Tirta.


PJT

(obstetrics) Initialism of pertumbuhan janin terhambat (“intrauterine growth restriction”).

perusahaan jasa
perusahaan jasa#Indonesian

(business) Initialism of perusahaan jasa titipan.


amilase

amilasê (canonical)
amilase-amilase (plural)

(biochemistry, botany, physiology) amylase: any of a class of digestive enzymes, present in saliva and also contributed to the gut by the exocrine pancreas, that break down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars such as glucose


entente cordiale

Unadapted borrowing from French entente cordiale.

ubor

international relations
international relations

entente cordiale
entente cordiale#English

(international relations) entente cordiale


DAS

daerah aliran sungai
daerah aliran sungai#Indonesian

Acronym of daerah aliran sungai (“riverine area, river basin”).


anartria

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναρθρία (anarthría).


mekanisme

mekanisme-mekanisme (plural)
mekanisma (alternative)

From Dutch mechanisme, from Latin mechanismus, from Ancient Greek μηχανή (mēkhanḗ, “machine”).


lumbung

→ Hokkien: 龍房／龙房 (liông-phông)

Inherited from Malay lumbung, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumbuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *lumbuŋ (“rice barn, granary”). Doublet of lombong.


pinang

to propose a girl or woman; to ask someone's hand (in marriage)


nasi lemak

From Malay nasi lemak, from nasi (“rice”) + lemak (“grease; fat”).


direktori

From English directory, from Middle English directorie, from Medieval Latin directorium.

a list of names, addresses etc, of specific classes of people or organizations, often in alphabetical order or in some classification

(computing) a structured listing of the names and characteristics of the files on a storage device


KA

Initialism of kartu anggota (“membership card”).


FTM

(education) Initialism of fakultas teknologi mineral.


nikah

Inherited from Malay nikah, from Arabic نِكَاح (nikāḥ).


khitan

khitan (root)
mengkhitan (active nominative)
terkhitan (nominative passive)
dikhitan (nominative passive)
khitan (nominative)
khitanlah (nominative)
mengkhitani (active)
terkhitani (passive)
dikhitani (passive)
khitani
khitanilah
mengkhitankan (active)
terkhitankan (passive)
dikhitankan (passive)
khitankan
khitankanlah
memperkhitan (active causative nominative)
terperkhitan (causative nominative passive)
diperkhitan (causative nominative passive)
perkhitan (causative nominative)
perkhitanlah (causative nominative)
memperkhitani (active causative)
terperkhitani (causative passive)
diperkhitani (causative passive)
perkhitani (causative)
perkhitanilah (causative)
memperkhitankan (active causative)
terperkhitankan (causative passive)
diperkhitankan (causative passive)
perkhitankan (causative)
perkhitankanlah (causative)
katan (alternative)
khatan (alternative)

Inherited from Malay khitan, from Arabic خِتَان (ḵitān, “circumcision”).

(Islam) to do circumcision (excising foreskin from penis)


sadis

From Dutch sadist, from English sadist, from the name of the Marquis de Sade.


bobot

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦺꦴꦧꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (bobot, “weight; importance, significance”), ꦧꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (bot, “weight”), from Old Javanese bot, byĕt, bwat (“heavy; weight”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀəqat. Doublet of berat.

der

(Standard Malay)

(education) a variable which multiplies a value for ease of statistical manipulation

(typography) the boldness of a font; the relative thickness of its strokes


takwa

takwa-takwa (plural)
taqwa (alternative)

Inherited from Malay takwa, from Arabic تَقْوَى (taqwā).

(Islam) taqwa: the care taken by a person to obey the commands of Allah


takwa

takwa-takwa (plural)
têkua (alternative)

From Hokkien 大褂 (tā-kòa, “long gown”) or rather 短褂 (té-kòa, literally “short + upper garment”).

zh-l

Chinese long gown, or narrow jacket with broad sleeves


afasia nominal

id-noun

afasia nominal (plural afasia-afasia nominal)

(neurology, pathology) anomic aphasia, dysnomia, nominal aphasia, or amnesic aphasia: a mild, fluent type of aphasia where individuals have word retrieval failures


anoftalmia

(ophthalmology, pathology, teratology) anophthalmia


ITE

(law) Initialism of informasi dan transaksi elektronik (“electronic information and transaction”).


tabiat

Inherited from Malay [Term?], from Arabic طَبِيعَة (ṭabīʕa, “nature, quality, essence”).


transpor

From Dutch transport, from Old French transporter (“carry or convey across”), from Latin transporto, from trans (“across”) + porto (“to carry”).


tiang

From Malay tiang, from Classical Malay تياڠ (tiang), from Proto-Malayic *tiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tihaŋ.

mast; pole; tower; pile; pier; staff; pillar; post; peg; column


Jabodetabek

Contraction of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi.

Greater Jakarta (the region comprising Jakarta proper, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi)


lumpia

→ Dutch: loempia
→ Papiamentu: lumpia

Borrowed from Hokkien 潤餅 /润饼 (lūn-piáⁿ).


kuat

From Malay kuat, from Arabic قُوَّة (quwwa, “power, strength, might, force”).


jataka

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese jātaka, from Sanskrit जातक (jātaka, “born under”).


kontras

From Dutch contrast, from French contraste, from Middle French contraste, from Italian contrasto.


kolom

From Dutch kolom, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French columne, from Latin columna (“a column, pillar, post”), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”). Doublet of kolone.

der

a vertical line of entries in a table, usually read from top to bottom

(printing) a body of text meant to be read line by line, especially in printed material that has multiple adjacent such on a single page

a unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text

a recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme

(architecture) a solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration


jembatan

jêmbatan (canonical)
jembatan-jembatan (plural)
jambatan (alternative)
jambatan (alternative)

From earlier jambatan, from Malay jambatan, jembatan, from Classical Malay جمبتن (jambatan), جمبتن (jembatan).

a construction spanning a waterway, ravine, or valley from an elevated height, allowing for the passage of vehicles, pedestrians, trains, etc.

(computing) a device which connects two or more computer buses, typically in a transparent manner

(computing, networking) a system which connects two or more local area networks at layer 2 of OSI model


jenggot

jenggot-jenggot (plural)
janggut (alternative)

From Javanese jenggot (“beard”), from Old Javanese jenggot (“chin”). Doublet of janggut.


paksi

From Malay paksi, from Sanskrit पक्षिन् (pakṣín).

(dialectal, Sunda) the sharp end of a kujang


meka

From Japanese メカ (meka), メカニック (mekanikku), from English mechanic. Doublet of mekanik.

mecha, a large armoured robot on legs, typically controlled by a pilot seated inside


gehu

(food, acronym) taoge (“bean sprout”) and tahu (“tofu”)


komite

komité (canonical)
komite-komite (plural)

From Dutch comité, from French comité, from English committee.


ketiga

Usage: To be placed after the noun, with or without word "yang", without a relevant difference in meaning.

Usage: To be placed before the noun.


soket

From English socket, from Middle English socket, soket, from Anglo-Norman soket (“spearhead”), diminutive of Old French soc (“plowshare”), from Vulgar Latin *soccus, a word borrowed from Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *sukkos (compare modern Welsh swch (“plowshare”)), literally "pig's snout," from Proto-Indo-European *suH-.


haid

Inherited from Malay haid, from Arabic حَيْض (ḥayḍ, “menstruation”).

menstruation, the periodic discharging of the menses, the flow of blood and cells from the lining of the uterus in unfertilized females of humans and other primates


tolok

Inherited from Malay tolok, from Dutch tolk.


tolok

(botany) Tahitian chestnut, Polynesian chestnut (Inocarpus edulis)


tolok

(literature) classic Bugis literature that tells the heroism of a figure, in the form of lyrical prose


tolok

Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?]. Cognate with Javanese ꦠꦺꦴꦭꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (tolok).


safar

Borrowed from Arabic سَفَر (safar, “departure, journey, travel; campaign, military expedition”). Doublet of safari.


kavaleri

kavalêri (canonical)
kavaleri-kavaleri (plural)
kavalri (alternative)

From Dutch cavalerie, from French cavalerie, from Italian cavalleria.

the military arm of service that fights while riding horses

the branch of the military transported by fast light vehicles, also known as mechanized cavalry


infanteri

infantêri (canonical)
infanteri-infanteri (plural)

From Dutch infanterie, from French infanterie, from Italian infanteria, from infante (“child; foot soldier, infantryman”), from Latin infans (“infant, child that doesn't speak (yet)”), itself from in- (“un-, not -”) + present participle of fari (“to speak”).


alang

Inherited from Malay alang, from Classical Malay الڠ (alang), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalaŋ (“obstruct, lie across or athwart”). Doublet of halang.


alang

Borrowed from Sasak [Term?]. Cognate of Karao alang.


difteri

diftêri (canonical)
difteri-difteri (plural)
diftéria (alternative)

From Dutch difterie, from French diphtérie, diphthérie, from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra, “prepared hide, leather”).

der

(pathology) diphtheria: A serious infectious disease leading to inflammation of mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae


dekade

dékadê (canonical)
dekade-dekade (plural)
dekad (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch decade, from French décade, from Late Latin decas (“(set of) ten”), from Ancient Greek δεκάς (dekás), from δέκα (déka, “ten”).


mata-mata

Inherited from Malay mata-mata. Equivalent to reduplication of mata (“eye”).


mata-mata

id-noun

mata-mata (plural mata-mata or para mata-mara)

mata-mata (plural)
para mata-mara (plural)

spy (a person who secretly watches and examines the actions of another individual or organization)


sifon

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σίφων (síphōn, “pipe, tube”), of uncertain origin

lbor

a bent pipe or tube with one end lower than the other, in which hydrostatic pressure exerted due to the force of gravity moves liquid from one reservoir to another

(biology) a tubelike organ found in animals or elongated cell found in plants


sifon

From Dutch chiffon, from French chiffon, from Middle French chiffe (“cloth, old rag”), from Old French chipe (“rag”), from Middle English chip, chippe (“chip, shard, fragment”), from Old English ċipp (“chip, splinter, shaving”).


komando

From Dutch commando, from Spanish comando, from Latin commandare, from Latin commendare.
The sense "commando" is a semantic loan from English commando (“small fighting force”).


siklon

From Dutch cycloon, from English cyclone.

a storm type with a rotating system of winds


hektare

hektare-hektare (plural)
hektar (alternative)

From Dutch hectare, from French hectare, formed from Ancient Greek ἑκατόν (hekatón, “hundred”) + are.

der

hectare: a unit of surface area with the symbol ha. Equal to 100 ares; 10,000 square metres; one-hundredth of a square kilometre; or approximately 2.5 acres. Used for measuring the areas of geographical features such as land and bodies of water


hijrah

From Arabic هِجْرَة (hijra, “departure, exodus”).

Hijra: the flight of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib (later Medina) in 622 ce, which forms the first year of the Islamic era (ah 1)


hijrah

hijrah (root)
berhijrah (active nominative)
terhijrah (nominative passive)
dihijrah (nominative passive)
hijrah (nominative)
hijrahlah (nominative)
menghijrahkan (active)
terhijrahkan (passive)
dihijrahkan (passive)
hijrahkan
hijrahkanlah
memperhijrahkan (active causative)
terperhijrahkan (causative passive)
diperhijrahkan (causative passive)
perhijrahkan (causative)
perhijrahkanlah (causative)


ledak

Inherited from Malay ledak (Batavia Malay).


cuaca

From Malay cuaca, from Tamil சுவச்சம் (cuvaccam, “clearness (of the atmosphere)”), from Sanskrit स्वच्छ (svaccha, “pure, clear, transparent”).


tawas

Inherited from Malay tawas, probably from Sanskrit तवस् (tavas, “strong”). Cognate of Tagalog tawas.


autolisis

(pathology, cytology) the destruction of an organism's cells by enzymes produced by the organism itself.

(pathology) the autodigestion of the tissues of an organism.

(pathology) the autocytolysis of blood cells.

autolysis
the autocytolysis of blood cells.


lawas

Inherited from Malay لاوس (lawas, “empty, clear, vacant; unobstructed”), from Proto-Austronesian *lawas (“wide, broad”), *lawa (“wide”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">lawas</i>


lawas

Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦮꦱ꧀ (lawas, “old, from long ago; previous; former; long”), from Old Javanese lawas (“duration, length of time; old”).


lawas

Borrowed from Central Borneo Dayak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lawas (“internode of bamboo; section of something”). Probably doublet of ruas.

(cooking) bamboo sections for cooking food


lawas

(literature) traditional poetry typical of Sumbawa, generally consisting of 3-6 lines per stanza, usually recited at certain events such as when working together to build a house, traditional ceremonies, or buffalo races


koyok

From Malay koyok (“medicated patch, quack medicine”), from Hakka 膏藥／膏药 (kò-yo̍k, “herbal plaster, medicated patch, poultice”).


koyok

Inherited from Malay koyok, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuyuk, from Proto-Austronesian *kuyuk.


helai

1. From Malay helai, from Tamil இலை (ilai, “leaf, petal”).
2. From Malayo-Javanic ˣhǝlai, ultimately from Proto-Austroasiatic, related to Proto-Munda *[u]-laʔ and Proto-Mon-Khmer *s-laʔ, likely borrowed from Aslian *sǝ-laʔ.

quote-journal

The Malayo-Javanic cognate set for ‘sheet 􂀿of􂁀’ cited in Table 16 seems most
likely to have been borrowed from Aslian.

2024 October 31, Waruno Mahdi, “Austroasiatic loanwords in Austronesian languages”, in Wacana, pages 373–414:
The Malayo-Javanic cognate set for ‘sheet [of]’ cited in Table 16 seems most likely to have been borrowed from Aslian.


helai

Classifier used for thin, flat and smooth objects.


belimbing

bêlimbing (canonical)
belimbing-belimbing (plural)


kolesterol

kolèstêrol (canonical)
kolesterol-kolesterol (plural)
kolésterol (alternative)

From Dutch cholesterol, from French cholestérol, from Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “gall, bile”) + στερεός (stereós, “firm, solid”).

der

(biochemistry) a sterol lipid synthesized by the liver and transported in the bloodstream to the membranes of all animal cells; it plays a central role in many biochemical processes and, as a lipoprotein that coats the walls of blood vessels, is associated with cardiovascular disease

cholesterol:
the level of cholesterol in the body


ajaran

Affixed ajar + -an, inherited from Malay ajaran, from Classical Malay اجرن (ajaran).

Faktanya bahwa ajaran paham komunisme dilarang di seantero wilayah Indonesia merupakan hal yang sangat bagus, bahkan yang harus dijunjung tinggi dan diperjuangkan.

The fact that the teaching of communist ideologies is banned in all Indonesian territory is not only a great thing, but also one that we must uphold and strive for.


cuitan

Affixed cuit (“tweet”) + -an, calque of English tweet.

(Internet) tweet, an entry posted on the microblogging service Twitter


ekstase

From Dutch extase, from French extase, from Latin ecstasis, extasis, from Ancient Greek ἔκστᾰσῐς (ékstăsĭs).


mohor

From Malay mohor, from Persian مهر (mohr), from Middle Persian, 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /muhr/, “seal”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Doublet of mahar and mitra.


paparan

(geology) shelf: the extended perimeter of a continent, usually covered by shallow seas

exposure: the condition of being exposed, uncovered, or unprotected

(drama) protasis: the first part of a play, in which the setting and characters are introduced

(photography) a transparent plate bearing an image to be projected to a screen

(computing) a page of a computer presentation package such as PowerPoint


harian

Affixed hari + -an, inherited from Malay harian.

daily: that occurs every day, or at least every working day


harian

daily: a newspaper that is published every day


gambar

head

gambar (active menggambar, passive digambar)


Aurel

a female given name from Spanish, equivalent to English Aurelia


amatir

amatir-amatir (plural)
amatur (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)
amateur (alternative)

From Dutch amateur (“amateur”), from French amateur, from Latin amātor (“lover”), from amō (“to love”).

a person attached to a particular pursuit, study, or science as to music or painting; especially one who cultivates any study or art, from taste or attachment, without pursuing it professionally

someone who is unqualified or insufficiently skillful


tumpang

Inherited from Malay tumpang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumpang (“to carry something above one another”).


bersama

From Malay bersama. Equivalent to ber- + sama.


bersama

Persetujuan bersama.


anuitas

anuitas-anuitas (plural)
anuiti (alternative)

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Medieval Latin annuitās, from Latin annuus (“annual”).

lbor

(insurance, pensions) annuity: A right to receive amounts of money regularly over a certain fixed period, in perpetuity, or, especially, over the remaining life or lives of one or more beneficiaries


pening

péning (canonical)
pening-pening (plural)

From Dutch penning (“medal; penny”), from Middle Dutch penninc, from Old Dutch pennink, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.


argumentatif

From Dutch argumentatief, from French argumentative, from Latin argūmentātīvus.


arminianisme

arminianismê (canonical)
arminianisme-arminianisme (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch arminianisme, from French arminianisme.


mandiri

Inherited from Malay mandiri, from Javanese ꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦫꦶ (mandhiri), from Old Javanese maṇḍiri, probably ultimately from Sanskrit [Term?]. Morphologically diri + meng-.

self-sufficient; not dependent on others


kampas

From Dutch canvas. Doublet of kanabis and kanvas.

canvas, a type of coarse cloth, woven from hemp, useful for making sails and tents


layat

Only used in melayat (“visit a grieving family”)


ISI

(education) Acronym of institut seni Indonesia (“Indonesian Institute of Arts”).


jiran

From Malay jiran, from Arabic جيران (jīrān), plural of جَار (jār, “neighbor”).

Jiran baharu saya sungguh peramah terhadap keluarga saya.

My new neighbour is very friendly towards my family.


dardar

Inherited from Malay dardar, from Arabic دَرْدَار (dardār).

elm (a tree of the genus Ulmus of the family Ulmaceae)


batil

Inherited from Malay batil, from Classical Malay batil, from Tamil வட்டில் (vaṭṭil, “cup”).


batil

Inherited from Malay batil, from Classical Malay batil, from Arabic بَاطِل (bāṭil).


genap

From Malay genap, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gənəp, from Proto-Austronesian *gənəp. Compare Sundanese genep (“six”).

(chiefly dialectal) appropriate, fit, suitable


klenteng

klenteng-klenteng (plural)
kelenteng (alternative)


kelenteng

kêlêntèng (canonical)
kelenteng-kelenteng (plural)

From Javanese klenthéng (ꦏ꧀ꦭꦼꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦁ),
* From Hokkien 觀音亭／观音亭, compound of 觀音 /观音 (koan-im, “Guanyin”) + 亭 (têng, “pavilion”).
* Affixed ke- + *lenteng, from Hokkien 禮堂／礼堂 (lé-tn̂g, “assembly hall”, literally “rite hall”), a type of Confucian temple.
Compare Tagalog kulintang.


wihara

From Javanese ꦮꦶꦲꦫ (wihara, “monastery”), from Old Javanese wihāra, bihāra, from Sanskrit विहार (vihāra, “monastery, academy”). Doublet of biara.


istilah

From Malay istilah, from Arabic اِصْطِلَاح (iṣṭilāḥ).

Arabic اِصْطِلَاح (iṣṭilāḥ)

term: a word or phrase, especially one from a specialised area of knowledge

any nounal word or phrase which indicates a particular person, place, class, or thing; name


pesawat

pêsawat (canonical)
pesawat-pesawat (plural)

Affixed peng- + sawat (“rope”), inherited from Malay pesawat, from Classical Malay pesawat (“rope”). Semantic loan from English airplane for engineering sense (compare to Hindi विमान (vimān, “airplane, aircraft, airliner, jet”), Tamil விமானம் (vimāṉam, “airplane; the mount or vehicle of a god”), Sanskrit विमान (vimāna, “airplane, aircraft; a car or chariot of the gods, any mythical self-moving aerial car”, literally “measure”).

ncog

pesawat terbang
pesawat terbang#Indonesian

ellipsis of pesawat terbang (“airplane”)


Pantai Gading

Calque of French Côte d’Ivoire as pantai (“coast”) + gading (“ivory”).

Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire (a country in West Africa)


mulia

From Malay mulia, from Sanskrit मूल्य (mūlya, “worth”).


lombong

Inherited from Malay lombong, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumbuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *lumbuŋ (“pit, deep cavity in the ground”). Doublet of lumbung.

inh

mine: an excavation from which ore or solid minerals are taken, especially one consisting of underground tunnels

(mining) stope: a mining excavation in the form of a terrace of steps


hyang

From Old Javanese hyaṅ, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiaŋ.

(Hinduism) hyang: An unseen spirit with supernatural powers, in ancient Indonesian mythology


seluruh

Affixed se- + luruh, from inherited Malay seluruh.


batangan

Affixed batang + -an, inherited from Malay batangan, from Classical Malay batangan. The sense of bar and ingot are semantic loan from Dutch baar (“ingot”, literally “bar”).

sl

rod-like object
obstacle in estuary, usually log

bar: a cuboid piece of any solid commodity

(Standard Malay)

mobile phone only without any accessories


perada

pêrada (canonical)
perada-perada (plural)
prada (alternative)

From Malay perada, either from Portuguese [Term?] or Sanskrit पारद (pārada).


kawah

From Malay kawah (“crater”), possibly from Sundanese kawah.


kawah

From Javanese kawah (ꦏꦮꦃ, “amniotic fluid”), from Old Javanese kawah (“cauldron, cauldron of hell, amniotic fluid”).


sifat

From Malay sifat, from Classical Malay sifat, from Arabic صِفَة (ṣifa).

(biology) trait: an identifying characteristic, habit or trend


pempek

→ English: pempek

Borrowed from Musi pempek, from Hokkien 阿伯 (ābó, “paternal uncle, old man”). Doublet of apek. Non-cognate with Indonesian empek, Javanese ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦏ꧀ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦏ꧀ (êmpèk-êmpèk), Indonesian pepek.

noncog

ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦏ꧀ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦏ꧀

Javanese ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦏ꧀ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦏ꧀ (êmpèk-êmpèk)

traditional delicacy of South Sumatra (originally from Palembangese cuisine) made of fish, egg, and tapioca, usually served with the traditional spice-based broth and sometimes also served with noodles


durjana

From Malay durjana, from Sanskrit दुर्जन (durjana, “malicious, evildoer”).


fleksibel

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch flexibel, from French flexible, from Latin flexibilis.


gandi

(obsolete) bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)


komplot

From Dutch komplot (“conspiracy”) (current spelling complot), from French complot (“crowd-, plot”), from Middle French complot (“crowd-, plot”).

conspiracy: The act of two or more persons, called conspirators, working secretly to obtain some goal, usually understood with negative connotations


galai

From Portuguese galé, from Old Galician-Portuguese galee, from Old French galee, from Byzantine Greek γάλεα (gálea), from γαλέη (galéē, “type of shellfish”), from Ancient Greek γαλεός (galeós, “shark”).

galley: a long, slender ship propelled primarily by oars, whether having masts and sails or not; usually referring to rowed warships used in the Mediterranean from the 16th century until the modern era


suhu

(slang, prostitution) prostitution customer


realisme

From Dutch realisme, from French réalisme. Cognate of Afrikaans realisme. Reanalysed as real + -isme.


mi instan

From mi (“noodle”) + instan (“instant”).


superadministrator

Borrowed from English superadministrator.

bor+

information technology
information technology


talenan

talênan (canonical)
talenan-talenan (plural)


tekstur

tèkstur (canonical)
tekstur-tekstur (plural)
tékstur (alternative)

From Dutch textuur, from Middle French texture, from Latin textūra (“a weaving, web, texture, structure”), textus, past participle of texere (“to weave”).


mabuk

Inherited from Malay mabuk, from Proto-Malayic *mabuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-buhuk, from Proto-Austronesian *ma-buSuk, derived from *buSuk.

drunk (intoxicated after drinking too much alcohol)

(figurative, in a predicative usage) crazy (experiencing romantic feelings)

(figurative, in combination) having a great passion or spirit for something


asrama

From Javanese asrama (ꦲꦱꦿꦩ, “monastery, hermitage”), from Old Javanese āśrama (“hermitage”), from Sanskrit आश्रम (āśrama, “hermitage”).


tawon

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (tawon). Doublet of tabuhan.


pikir

From Malay fikir, from Arabic فِكْر (fikr).


pikir

→ Amahai: pikir

→ Angkola Batak: pikir

→ Asilulu: pikir

→ Banggai: pikir

→ Belait: pikir

→ West Makian: pikir

(intransitive) to think, guess, conclude


pedang

pêdang (canonical)
pedang-pedang (plural)

Inherited from Malay pedang, from Javanese ꦥꦼꦝꦁ (pedhang, “sword”), from Old Javanese pĕḍaṅ (“sword”), probably mutation of paraṅ (“rock, crag”), from Proto-Austronesian *-Raŋ (“clanging”).


cantik

head

cantik (superlative tercantik, equative secantik)

tercantik (superlative)
secantik (equative)
tjantik (alternative)


kronik

Borrowed from Dutch kroniek (“chronicle”), from Middle Dutch cronike, from Latin chronica, from Ancient Greek χρονικόν (khronikón), neuter of χρονικός (khronikós).


IPM

Indeks Pembangunan Manusia
w:id:Indeks Pembangunan Manusia

Initialism of Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (“Human Development Index”).


ananta

From Malay ananta, from Classical Malay انانتا (ananta), from Sanskrit अनन्त (ananta, “infinite”).


keselamatan

Affixed selamat + ke- -an, from Malay keselamatan.

safety (the condition or feeling of being safe; security; certainty)

(Christianity) salvation: the state of having been saved (from hell)

terapi keselamatan


hakam

Inherited from Malay hakam, from Arabic حَكَم (ḥakam).


cakra

From Malay cakera, cakra, from Classical Malay چکرا (cakera), چکرا (cakra), from Sanskrit चक्र (cakra), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos. Doublet of cakram and siklus.

a discus or sharp circular missile weapon, especially that of Vishu


bisai

From Malay bisai, from Tamil விசை (vicai, “victory”), from Sanskrit विजय (vijaya). Doublet of wijaya.


geodesi

Borrowed from Dutch geodesie, from French géodésie, from Medieval Latin geōdaesia, from Ancient Greek γεωδαισία (geōdaisía), from γῆ (gê, “earth”) + δαίω (daíō, “to divide”).

(sciences) geodesy: the discipline which deals with the measurement and representation of Earth, its gravitational field and geodynamic phenomena (polar motion, Earth tides, and crustal motion) in three-dimensional, time-varying space


kelambu

kêlambu (canonical)
kelambu-kelambu (plural)

Affixed *ambu + ke- + -el-, from Malay kelambu.


garar

garar-garar (plural)
gharar (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic غَرَر (ḡarar, “risk, chance, danger”).


kuali

From Malay kuali, from Tamil குவளை (kuvaḷai, “wide-mouthed vessel; cup”).


paduka

From Malay paduka (“footwear, honorable”), from Sanskrit पादुक (pāduka).

(title) honorable, such as of a king, etc


ojek

An alteration of obyek, short for the derived term ngobyek (“to moonlight”).


obyek

obyek-obyek (plural)
objek (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch object. Doublet of objek.


KKB

Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata
Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata#Indonesian

Initialism of Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata (“Armed Criminal Group”). (mostly referring to Free Papua Movement)


infinit

Borrowed from Dutch infiniet (“infinite”), from Old French infinit and Latin īnfīnītus.


nayaka

From Malay nayaka Borrowed from Javanese ꦤꦪꦏ (nayaka, “leader, adviser, minister”), from Old Javanese nāyaka (“chief, leader, commander; foremost among, surpassing the others”), from Sanskrit नायक (nāyaka, “leader, governor”).

der

(archaic) minister: a politician who heads a ministry (national or regional government department for public service)


waja

From Malay waja,
* from Sanskrit वाज (vāja, “strength”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wā́ȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wā́ȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“lively”). Doublet of vigili.
* from Sauraseni Prakrit [script needed] (vajja), from Sanskrit वज्र (vajra, “thunderbolt”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wáȷ́ras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáȷ́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“strong, lively”).
Reinforced as borrowing of Javanese ꦮꦗ (waja, “steel, iron”), from Old Javanese waja. Doublet of baja.


sukuk

From Arabic صُكُوك (ṣukūk), plural of صَكّ (ṣakk, “bond, deed”).


penyensor

censor (An official responsible for the removal of objectionable or sensitive content)


antiklimaks

Affixed anti- + klimaks, from Dutch anticlimax.


paksa

From Malay paksa, from Classical Malay paksa, from Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pakšás, from Proto-Indo-European *peg-só-s, from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“breast”).

infinitive and imperative of memaksa (“to force, to compel”)


paksa

From Javanese ꦥꦏ꧀ꦱ (paksa), from Old Javanese pakṣa (“the half of a lunar month”), from Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣa, “the half of a lunar month”), see previous etymology for continuation.


faset

fasèt (canonical)
faset-faset (plural)
paset (alternative)

any one of the flat surfaces cut into a gem

one among many similar or related, yet still distinct things

(biology) one member of a compound eye, as found in insects and crustaceans


jago

From Malay jaguh (Standard Malay), jago, from Classical Malay جاݢوە (jaguh), جاݢوە (jago), from Javanese ꦗꦒꦺꦴ (jago, “rooster, cock; champion; candidate”).

rooster, a male domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) or other gallinaceous bird

champion, an ongoing winner in a game or contest


autis

Borrowed from Dutch autist, from English autist.


Korea Selatan

Koréa Selatan (canonical)
Korsel (alternative)

From Korea (“Korea”) + selatan (“south”).


Arktika

From English Arctic, from Middle French artique (with -c- reintroduced after Latin in the 17th century), from Latin arcticus, from Ancient Greek ἀρκτικός (arktikós, “northern, of the (Great) Bear”), from ἄρκτος (árktos, “bear, Ursa Major”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”).

Arctic (a continental region consisting of the portion of the Earth above the Arctic Circle, containing the North Pole)


Korea Utara

Koréa Utara (canonical)
Korut (alternative)

North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea)


glosolalia

Internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek γλῶσσᾰ (glôssă, “tongue; language”) + λᾰλῐᾱ́ (lălĭā́, “talking; form of speech, dialect”).

(Christianity) glossolalia, speaking in tongues


olahraga

Derived from Malay olahraga, compound of olah (“to process”) + raga (“body”), from calque from Japanese 体操(たいそう) (taisō, “gymnastics, exercises, calisthenics”, literally “body exercise”).

ja-r

exercise; any activity intended to improve physical strength and fitness

any activity that uses physical exertion or skills competitively under a set of rules that is not based on aesthetics

something done for fun, regardless of its design or intended purpose


sakramen

From Dutch sacrament, from Old French sacrament, from Ecclesiastical Latin sacrāmentum (“sacrament”), from Latin sacrō (“hallow, consecrate”), from sacer (“sacred, holy”), originally sum deposited by parties to a suit.

der

(Catholicism) sacrament (sacred act or ceremony)


tepu

(nautical) fully installed (about the boat sail)


puasa

From Malay puasa, from Sanskrit उपवास (upavāsa). Doublet of upawasa.


puasa

(Islam) one of the five pillars of Islam

fasting
one of the five pillars of Islam


ultimat

Near-synonym: terakhir


mistis

head

mistis (comparative lebihmistis, superlative paling mistis or termistis, equative semistis)

lebihmistis (comparative)
paling mistis (superlative)
termistis (superlative)
semistis (equative)
mistik (alternative)


etape

From Dutch etappe, from French étape, from Middle French estappe, from Old French estaple, from Middle Dutch stapel, from Old Dutch stapul, from Frankish *stapul.

étape:
the distance (marched during a day)

étape:
a stage of a multistage bicycle race


suku kata

Compound of suku (“part”) + kata (“word”), from Malay suku kata. Compare to Chinese 音節／音节 (“syllable”, literally “sound + section”).


almari

Inherited from Malay almari, from Portuguese armário, from Latin [Term?]. Doublet of lemari.