mohon

mohon (root)
memohon (active nominative)
termohon (nominative passive)
dimohon (nominative passive)
mohon (nominative)
mohonlah (nominative)
memohoni (active)
termohoni (passive)
dimohoni (passive)
mohoni
mohonilah
memohonkan (active)
termohonkan (passive)
dimohonkan (passive)
mohonkan
mohonkanlah
mempermohon (active causative nominative)
terpermohon (causative nominative passive)
dipermohon (causative nominative passive)
permohon (causative nominative)
permohonlah (causative nominative)
mempermohoni (active causative)
terpermohoni (causative passive)
dipermohoni (causative passive)
permohoni (causative)
permohonilah (causative)
mempermohonkan (active causative)
terpermohonkan (causative passive)
dipermohonkan (causative passive)
permohonkan (causative)
permohonkanlah (causative)

From Malay mohon, from Classical Malay mohon. Related to Cebuano puhon (“soon”), Tagalog puhon (“contrition”) and Malagasy mifona (“to beg pardon, to entreat, to solicit”). Doublet of pohon.
* nasalization of pohon.
* from Javanese ꦩꦸꦲꦸꦤ꧀, ꦩꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀ (muhun, muwun, “to cry”) (compare ꦚꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀, ꦱꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀ (nyuwun, suwun, “to ask”)), from Old Javanese amuhun (“to beg, beg leave”), suhun (“to ask respectfully”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cuun (“to desire”).

der

ꦩꦸꦲꦸꦤ꧀, ꦩꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀


bandar udara

Compound of bandar (“port”) + udara (“air, sky”), calque of Dutch luchthaven (“airport”). Coined by Indonesian linguist Anton Moedardo Moeliono.


sumber

sumbêr (canonical)
sumber-sumber (plural)

*From Malay sumber, from Javanese sumber (“spring”).
* Semantic loan from English source for “reporter's informant” and “source code” senses.

the person, place, or thing from which something (information, goods, etc.) comes or is acquired

spring; fountainhead; wellhead; any collection of water on or under the surface of the ground in which a stream originates


investasi

invèstasi (canonical)
investasi-investasi (plural)

From Dutch investatie, old form of investering.

the act of investing, or state of being invested

(finance) a placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use or appreciation


buram

From Malay buram (“blurry”). Doublet of bureng.

blurry: not clear, crisp, or focused; having fuzzy edges


buram

draft: an early version of a written work; a preliminary sketch or outline for a plan


berita

bêrita (canonical)
berita-berita (plural)

Inherited from Malay berita, from Classical Malay berita (compare to Old Javanese wrĕta), from Sanskrit वृत्त (vṛtta). Doublet of warita, warta, urit, and urita.
* Displaced Dutch verslag (“report”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


cacah jiwa

Compound of cacah + jiwa, from Javanese ꦕꦕꦃꦗꦶꦮ (cacah jiwa).


PDL

pakaian dinas lapangan
pakaian dinas lapangan#Indonesian


layan

Inherited from Malay layan, from Old Javanese layan (“opponent”), lawan (“opponent”). Doublet of lawan.


DBD

(pathology) Initialism of demam berdarah dengue (“dengue haemorrhagic fever”).


sipil

sivil (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch civiel (“civil”), from Old French civil, from Latin cīvīlis (“relating to a citizen”), from cīvis (“citizen”).

civil, having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion


ATK

alat tulis kantor
alat tulis kantor#Indonesian

Initialism of alat tulis kantor (“stationery”).


Olimpiade

Olimpiadê (canonical)
olimpik (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch olympiade, from French olympiade.

(sports) Olympic Games: an instance of the ancient or modern Olympic Games

a competition aspiring to the importance of the Olympic Games or considered similar to them, especially one occurring at 4-year intervals, representing a national or international range of amateur student rather than professional adult competition, and/or requiring the highest level of ability in the field for success


spasi

From Dutch spatie, from Latin spatium, from Proto-Indo-European *speh₁ (“to stretch, to pull”).

der

space, gap in text between words, lines etc., or a digital character used to create such a gap


kamber

kambêr (canonical)
kamber-kamber (plural)

(nautical) a small enclosed dock in which timber for masts (etc.) is kept to weather


kartun

From English cartoon. Doublet of karton.

(comics) a humorous drawing, often with a caption, or a strip of such drawings

(comics) a drawing satirising current public figures

(animation) an animated piece of film which is often but not exclusively humorous


kesetiaan

From Malay kesetiaan,
from Classical Malay kesetiaan. Equivalent to
setia + ke- -an.


suspek

suspèk (canonical)
suspek-suspek (plural)

From Dutch suspect, from Middle French suspect, from Old French suspect, from Latin suspectus, perfect passive participle of suspiciō (“mistrust, suspect”), from sus-, combining form of sub (“under”), + speciō (“watch, look at”).

...orang "suspek", orang-orang yang dicurigai.

Pelabuhan Merak menjadi jalur utama lalu lintas anjing dari Jawa ke Sumatra sehingga kontak dengan anjing suspek mungkin terjadi.

Port of Merak is main way for dog transportation from Java to Sumatra so contact with suspect[ed] dog was possible.

Seseorang dikatakan suspek demam tifoid apabila dari anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan beberapa kumpulan gejala tifoid.

Someone can be classified as typhoid fever suspect if anamnesis and physical examination found some of typhoid symptoms.

suspect: a person who is suspected of something


babad

From Javanese ꦧꦧꦢ꧀ (babad, “history, chronicle”), from Old Javanese *babad:
* babad (“to clear”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bajbaj, from Proto-Austronesian *bajbaj (“loosen, untie, unwrap; unravel; to clear forest”), *-baj (“unravel, untie”). Doublet of babat.
* wwat (“to report”, literally “to present, offer”). Doublet of buat.

der

(literature) Javanese, Sundanese, Balinese, Sasak, and Madurese stories containing historical events


Ilham

Ultimately from Arabic إِلْهَام (ʔilhām).


Gisella

Borrowed from Italian Gisella, from French Giselle.

Gisella Anastasia, b. 1990

a female given name from Italian [in turn from French]


akting

From English acting, noun from act, from Old French acte, from Latin ācta (“register of events”), plural of āctum (“decree, law”), from agō (“put in motion”).

(drama, colloquial) acting, the act of performing a role


keputusan

kêputusan (canonical)
keputusan-keputusan (plural)

Affixed putus + ke- -an.
* Replaced Dutch beschikking (“decision, ruling”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

model persediaan barang keputusan tunggal

pengambilan keputusan tingkat operasional

sistem informasi bisnis pendukung keputusan


katarak

From Dutch katarakt, from Middle Dutch cataracte, from Latin cataracta, from Ancient Greek καταρράκτης (katarrháktēs).

(ophthalmology, pathology) a clouding of the lens in the eye leading to a decrease in vision

a large waterfall; steep rapids in a river


vetsin

vetsin-vetsin (plural)
mecin (alternative)
micin (alternative)
pecin (alternative)

From English vetsin, a genericized trademark of Tien Chu Ve-Tsin food company. The Ve-Tsin (味精) trademark itself comes from Shanghainese 味精 (⁶vi-cin₁), which is ultimately from Japanese 味(み)精(せい) (misei).

monosodium glutamate
monosodium glutamate


jadwal

jadwal-jadwal (plural)
jadual (alternative)

From Malay jadual, jadwal, from Classical Malay جدوال (jadual), جدوال (jadwal), from Arabic جَدْوَل (jadwal).


gerbang

gêrbang (canonical)
gerbang-gerbang (plural)

Inherited from Malay gerbang (cognate of Minangkabau garabang).

a doorlike structure outside a house; doorway, opening, or passage in a fence or wall

(transport) passageway (as in an air terminal) where passengers can embark or disembark

(computing, electronics) a logical pathway made up of switches which turn on or off. Examples are and, or, nand, etc.

(electronics) the controlling terminal of a field effect transistor (FET)

(computing) gateway: In wireless internet, an access point with additional software capabilities such as providing NAT and DHCP, which may also provide VPN support, roaming, firewalls, various levels of security, etc


hukuman

hukuman-hukuman (plural)
hoekoeman (alternative)

From Malay hukuman, from Classical Malay hukuman (hukum (“law”) + -an (“place marker suffix”)), from Arabic حُكْم (ḥukm, “judgment”).

suf

the act or process of punishing, imposing and/or applying a sanction

a penalty to punish wrongdoing, especially for crime

sentence, verdict, the decision or judgement of a court


penjara

Borrowed from Sanskrit पञ्जर (pañjara, “cage”) via Malay penjara.


wangsa

From Malay wangsa, Sanskrit वंश (vaṃśá, “offspring, lineage, collection”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wanćás (“ceiling beam”). Doublet of bangsa.


pendidikan

pêndidikan (canonical)
pendidikan-pendidikan (plural)

Affixed didik + peng- -an, from Malay pendidikan.


perpustakaan

pêrpustakaan (canonical)
perpustakaan-perpustakaan (plural)
perpus (alternative)

Affixed of pustaka + per- -an, from Malay perpustakaan.

an institution which holds books and/or other forms of media for use by the public or qualified people often lending them out, as well as providing various other services for its users

a collection of books or other forms of stored information


anyar

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦚꦂ (anyar, “new”), from Old Javanese hañar, añar (“new, recently”).


teh tarik

From Malay teh tarik. By surface analysis, teh (“tea”) + tarik (“to pull”).


wali kota

wali-wali kota (plural)
walikota (alternative)

Compound of wali + kota, calque of Dutch burgemeester.


bupati

From Javanese bupati (ꦧꦸꦥꦠꦶ), from Old Javanese bhūpati (“king”), from Sanskrit भूपति (bhūpati) < भूमिपति (bhūmipati), compound of भूमि (bhūmi, “land”) + पति (pati, “lord”). Cognate of Balinese ᬪᬹᬧᬢᬶ (bupati).

compound

the person in charge of a county-level district in Indonesia known as a kabupaten


mesin tulis

Compound of mesin (“machine”) + tulis (“write”), calque of Dutch schrijfmachine (“typewriter”, literally “writing machine”).


tulisan

Inherited from Malay tulisan. Equivalent to tulis + -an.

graphism of symbols such as letters that express some meaning

writing
the style of writing of a person


sayap

Inherited from Malay sayap, from Proto-Malayic *sayap. Compare to Balinese ᬲᬶᬬᬧ᭄ (siap, “chicken”).

an appendage of an animal's (bird, bat, insect) body that enables it to fly

(figurative) a part of something that is lesser in size than the main body, such as an extension from the main building

(aviation) part of an aircraft that produces the lift for rising into the air

(botany) either of the two side petals of a papilionaceous flower


kepak

From Malay kepak, probably from ke- + *pak, which is onomatopoeic. Cognate of Tagalog pakpak (“wing”).


kepak

(rare) infinitive, imperative, and colloquial of mengepak (“to carry on someone hip”)


agraris

From Dutch agrarisch, from German agrarisch, from Latin agrārius.


residu

Borrowed from Dutch residu (“residue”), from Old French residu, from Latin residuum, neuter of residuus (“remaining”), from resideō (“I remain behind”).

whatever remains after something else has been removed

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) the substance that remains after evaporation, distillation, filtration or any similar process


praksis

From German Praxis, from Ancient Greek πρᾶξις (prâxis).

practice: the practice of doing something


prakata

Affixed pra- (“before”) + kata (“word”), calque of Dutch voorwoord (“foreword”).


gayung

gajoeng (alternative)
gajung (alternative)

dipper (a cup-shaped vessel with a long handle, for dipping into and ladling out liquids; a ladle or scoop)

quarterstaff (a wooden staff of an approximate length between 2 and 2.5 meters, sometimes tipped with iron, used as a weapon)

singlestick (a one-handed wooden stick used for fencing in place of a sword)


gayung

head

gayung (active menggayung, passive digayung)

menggayung (active)
digayung (passive)
gajoeng (alternative)
gajung (alternative)

(transitive) to scoop up water with a dipper

(of weapons, transitive) to swing (to move (an object) backward and forward)

(transitive, rare) to punch (to strike with one's fist)


gayung

segayung (singular)
gajoeng (alternative)
gajung (alternative)

Segayung air.

Cukup gunakan dua gayung air untuk menyiram tumbuhan ini.

Just use two scoops of water to water this plant.

indicates a content or measure that has the volume of a dipper


pancing

pancing (active memancing, passive dipancing)


nasi campur

Compound of nasi (“rice”) + campur (“to mix”).

com+

a dish composed of rice with side dishes


giok

From Hokkien 玉 (gio̍k). Compare Thai หยก (yòk), Lao ຢົກ (yok).


intan

From Malay intan, from Old Javanese hintĕn, a kramanized form of hīra, from Sanskrit हीर (hīra, “diamond”).

diamond: a glimmering glass-like mineral that is an allotrope of carbon in which each atom is surrounded by four others in the form of a tetrahedron; a gemstone made from this mineral


amplop

→ Ambonese Malay: amplop

→ Ternate: amflop

From Dutch envelop, from French enveloppe, from Middle French enveloppe, anveloppe, from Old French envelope, from envoloper, anveloper.


prangko

prangko-prangko (plural)
frangko (alternative)
perangko (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch franco (“with freightages paid by the sender”), from Italian porto (“port, carriage”) + franco (“free”), from French franc (“free; frank; full”), from Middle French franc, from Old French franc (“free, genuine, sincere”), from Late Latin Francus (“a Frank”), from Frankish *Frank (“a Frank”), a name probably taken from Proto-Germanic *frankô, *frakkōn (“spear”), from Proto-Indo-European *preng-, *pregn- (“pole, stalk”). Influenced by Dutch frankeerzegel (“postage stamp”).

der

postage stamp, a small piece of printed paper stuck on an item to be mailed, indicating that postage has been paid


pencuri

From Malay pencuri. Equivalent to peng- + curi.

one who steals another person's property, especially by stealth and without using force or violence


apotik

head

apotik (plural apotik-apotik, first-person possessive apotikku, second-person possessive apotikmu, third-person possessive apotiknya)

apotik-apotik (plural)
apotikku (first-person possessive)
apotikmu (possessive second-person)
apotiknya (possessive third-person)


penerbangan

pênêrbangan (canonical)
penerbangan-penerbangan (plural)


pintal

pintal (active memintal, passive dipintal)

memintal (active)
dipintal (passive)
pintai (alternative nonstandard)

Compare with Tagalog pintal (“warp; bend or twist”).

(transitive) to spin (to make yarn by twisting and winding fibers together)


menarik

From Malay menarik, from Classical Malay menarik (“to pull”). Equivalent to meng- + tarik. The sense “to entice” is a semantic loan from Dutch aantrekken.


LN

lembaran negara
lembaran negara#Indonesian


lengkuas

Inherited from Malay lengkuas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋkuas.


Yordania

From Dutch Jordanië, from Latin Iordanēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs), from Biblical Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén, “Jordan (river)”).

der

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Antigua dan Barbuda

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English:_Q781

Antigua and Barbuda (A country consisting of two islands in the Caribbean, Antigua and Barbuda)


sedap

(of sound or voice, less used) pleasant, satisfactory; nice


lawak

head

lawak (comparative lebih lawak, superlative terlawak, equative selawak)

lebih lawak (comparative)
terlawak (superlative)
selawak (equative)


lawak

a type of boat from West Java that is made from notched tree trunks


kambing hutan

id-noun

kambing hutan (plural kambing-kambing hutan)


molekul

molêkul (canonical)
molekul-molekul (plural)
molékul (alternative)

From Dutch molecuul, from French molécule, from New Latin molecula (“a molecule”), a modern diminutive of Latin moles (“mass”).

(chemistry) molecule, the smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds


tulang belakang

tulang belakang (plural tulang-tulang belakang)

Compound of tulang + belakang, inherited from Malay tulang belakang.

(anatomy) backbone, spinal column, spine, vertebral column


tenteram

From Sanskrit तन्त्रम् (tantram), nominative/accusative singular form of तन्त्र (tantra, “happiness”). Doublet of tantri and tentara.


bendel

bêndêl (canonical)
bendel-bendel (plural)

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of bundel


kelahiran

kêlahiran (canonical)
kelahiran-kelahiran (plural)

Affixed lahir + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kelahiran.

the process of childbearing; the beginning of life

the beginning or start; a point of origin

(obstetrics) childbirth, parturition: The fact or action of giving birth to a child, as the culmination of pregnancy


negeri

nêgêri (canonical)
negeri-negeri (plural)

From Malay negeri, from Classical Malay negeri (“settlement”), from Sanskrit नगरी (nagarī, “city”). Doublet of nagari and negara.
* The sense of district was reinforced as translation of Japanese 地方(ちほう) (chihō, “district, province, area”).

ja-r

sekolah negeri

pengadilan negeri

kejaksaan negeri


Wakanda

From English Wakanda, a fictional country in Marvel Comics. There is no clear reason why this is used by Indonesians as a pejorative to refer their own country, since the correlations are unclear, but it is most likely an algospeak, specifically to avoid censorship.


umpan

From Malay umpan,
from Classical Malay umpan.


Papua Nugini

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English:_Q691


DPD

Dewan Perwakilan Daerah
Dewan Perwakilan Daerah#Indonesian

(Indonesian politics) Initialism of Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (“Regional Representative Council”).


libertarisme

Borrowed from Dutch libertarisme, from French libertarisme.


lalu

past
having already happened; in the past

of a period of time: having just gone by; previous

done; finished (having completed or finished an activity)


lalu

to go past, by, over, or through; to proceed from one side to the other of; to move past

to pass
(of time) to elapse, to be spent


kuah

Probably from Hokkien 乾葛／干葛, compound of 乾 /干 (koaⁿ, “to dry, to drain”) + 葛 (koah, “kudzu”).


tahanan

(law) detainee: suspect, accused or defendant whose detained in detention centre to some future judicial proceeding

Tahanan rumah.

resistance;
something for resisting motion

hambatan listrik
hambatan listrik#Indonesian

resistance;
(physics) synonym of hambatan listrik

resistivity
(electricity) synonym of tahanan jenis

thermal conductivity
thermal conductivity

(thermodynamics) the reciprocal of thermal conductivity, having SI unit: m K W⁻¹


lenca

lênca (canonical)
lenca-lenca (plural)
leunca (alternative)

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

(Banten, West Java, Jakarta) Synonym of ranti (“Solanum nigrum”)


aturan

aturan-aturan (plural)
atoeran (alternative)

Inherited from Malay aturan. Equivalent to atur + -an. The term was used to replace and translate various loanwords as follows.
* Replaced Dutch bepaling (“provision”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.
* Replaced Dutch regeling (“arrangement”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.
* Translation of Japanese 政令(せいれい) (seirei, “ordinance, government decree”) as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah. See also sirei.

ja-r

(mathematics) rule (a determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result)


sinopsis

Borrowed from Dutch synopsis, from Late Latin synopsis, from Ancient Greek σύνοψις (súnopsis).

synopsis (a brief summary of the major points of a written work)

synopsis (a reference work containing brief articles that taken together give an overview of an entire field)


inteligen

From Dutch intelligent, from French intelligent, from Latin intellegēns (“discerning”), present active participle of intellegō (“understand, comprehend”), itself from inter (“between”) + legō (“choose, pick out, read”). Doublet of intelijen.


menara

mênara (canonical)
menara-menara (plural)

From Malay menara, from Arabic مَنَارَة (manāra). Doublet of menorah and minaret.


grand prix

Unadapted borrowing from French Grand Prix (“great prize”).


bangjo

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦁꦗꦺꦴ (bangjo), equivalent to abang (“red”) + hijau (“green”).


sokongan

Inherited from Malay sokongan. Reanalyzed as sokong + -an

Didapat kabar bahwa Pemerintah di Palembang bersedia memberikan sokongan kepada BPKPP (Badan Penolong Korban Peristiwa Palembang) berjumlah Rp 500.000,00.

2001, Koesalah Soebagyo Toer, Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Ediati Kamil, Kronik revolusi Indonesia Revolusi Indonesia, Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, page 101:


oligarki

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch oligarchie (“oligarchy”), Ancient Greek ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía, “oligarchy”).


sahih

From Malay sahih, from Classical Malay sahih, from Arabic صَحِيح (ṣaḥīḥ).

Arabic صَحِيح (ṣaḥīḥ)

(Islam) authentic: said of a hadith that has been preserved and transmitted accurately


talak

Borrowed from Arabic طَلَاق (ṭalāq, “divorce”), from the root ط ل ق (ṭ l q).

ar-root

ط ل ق (ṭ l q)

(Islam) talaq: an Islamic divorce, sanctioned by the Qur'an


dilah

Inherited from Malay dilah, from Javanese ꦢꦶꦭꦃ (dilah), from Old Javanese dilah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”) (compare to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilat, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilap (“to lick”)), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”). Doublet of jilat and lidah.


botoh

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦺꦴꦠꦺꦴꦃ (botoh, “croupier, gambler”), from Old Javanese botoh (“gambler; to bet, to wager”).


Agung

Borrowed from Javanese ꦄꦒꦸꦁ (agung), from Old Javanese aguṅ (“great”).


jejaka

jêjaka (canonical)
jejaka-jejaka (plural)


Joko

From Javanese ꦗꦏ (jaka), from Old Javanese jaka.


razia

raid, an attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering


disipliner

From Dutch disciplinair, from French disciplinaire, from Vulgar Latin disciplinarius, disciplina (“instruction, teaching, field of study, habit”).

having to do with discipline, or with the imposition of discipline

disciplinary:
for the purpose of imposing punishment

of or relating to an academic field of study


SKN

sistem kearsipan nasional
sistem kearsipan nasional#Indonesian

(data management) Initialism of sistem kearsipan nasional.

sistem kliring nasional
sistem kliring nasional#Indonesian

(finance) Initialism of sistem kliring nasional.


ulang tahun

ulang-ulang tahun (plural)
ultah (alternative)

Compound of ulang (“repeat”) + tahun (“year”), inherited from Malay ulang tahun.


hari jadi

Compound of hari (“day”) + jadi, inherited from Malay hari jadi.


arkade

* From Dutch arcade, from French arcade, from Italian arcata (“arch of a bridge”), from Latin arcus (“arc”).
* Semantic loan from English arcade for other senses than a row of arches.

(architecture) a covered passage, usually with shops on both sides

(video games) an establishment that runs coin-operated games


rajuk

Only used in merajuk (“to sulk”) and other derivations.


rajuk

(dialectal) a boundary marker from green wood


adalat

righteousness, justice, virtue, fairness


liwat

From Malay liwat (“sodomy”), from Arabic لِوَاط (liwāṭ).


natang

From Malay natang,
from Classical Malay natang, from Thai หน้าต่าง (nâa-dtàang, “window”)


kenek

From Dutch knecht (“servant, assistant”).

conductor, a person who takes tickets on public transportation and also helps passengers


tukak

tukak-tukak (plural)
tokak (alternative)

tukak lambung

peptic ulcer, stomach ulcer; gastric ulcer


alab

From Balinese ᬳᬮᬩ᭄ (alab). Cognate of Indonesian lalap (“young leaf”).


anggu

* Cognate of Javanese ꦲꦔ꧀ꦒꦺꦴ (anggo, “the way to use”), Old Javanese aṅgo (“what is worn or used”).
* From Persian انگژ (angož, “ankus, elephant goad”). Doublet of angkusa.

der

alternative spelling of peranggu (“a set”)


imak

imak-imak

to mimic, imitate or simulate (repeatedly)


imak

imak; Sangir traditional snack made from mashed sweet potato, mixed with coconut milk, flour, granulated sugar, brown sugar and peanuts, then steamed


diare

diare-diare (plural)
diarea (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch diarree, from French diarrhée, from Middle French diarrie, from Latin diarrhoea, from Ancient Greek διάρροια (diárrhoia, “a flowing-through; diarrhea”).


KBH

Initialism of kontrak bagi hasil (“income share agreement”).


dusta

Inherited from Malay dusta (“lie”), from Sanskrit दुष्ट (duṣṭa, “wicked, evil, corrupt”), from दुस्- (dus-, “evil, bad, difficult”).


opruien

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch opruien (“to agitate or incite; to stir up trouble”).


martabak

From Malay martabak, from Arabic مُطَبَّق (muṭabbaq, “folded”).

murtabak: spicy folded omelette pancake with bits of vegetables

martabak manis
martabak manis#Indonesian

(Jakarta) ellipsis of martabak manis (“a common dessert of folded stuffed pancake with varied textures from one that is akin to a crispier form of crumpets to small thin light pancake shells that break when bitten”).


nipis

Ellipsis of jeruk nipis (literally “thin citrus/lemon/orange”).

ellipsis

Citrus medica
Citrus medica#Translingual


Amirah

Borrowed from Arabic أَمِيرَة (ʔamīra, “princess”), feminine of أَمِير (ʔamīr, “prince”).


Maryam

Inherited from Malay Maryam, from Arabic مَرْيَم (maryam), from Aramaic מרים (maryam). Doublet of Maria.

a female given name, Maryam, equivalent to English Mary, Maria, Marie, or Miriam


disinfektan

disinfèktan (canonical)
disinfektan-disinfektan (plural)


Gracia

Gracia Indri Sari Sulistyaningrum, b. 1990

a female given name from Spanish, equivalent to English Grace


saren

From Javanese ꦱꦫꦺꦤ꧀ (sarèn), from Old Javanese sari, sāri (“pollen; quintessence”), from Sanskrit सार (sāra, “essence”). Equivalent sari + -an.


represor

(Standard Malay)

(genetics) any protein that binds to DNA and thus regulates the expression of genes by decreasing the rate of transcription


timbang

Inherited from Malay timbang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timbaŋ (“balanced”).


timbang

Aphetic form of ketimbang (“rather than”)


nagari

From Minangkabau nagari, from Sanskrit नगरी (nagarī, “city”). Doublet of negara, negeri, and nagori.

an administrative unit below kecamatan in West Sumatra, Indonesia, consisting of a cluster of villages. Created based on historical nagari in Minangkabau land


coûte que coûte

Unadapted borrowing from French coûte que coûte.

ubor

at all costs, by hook or by crook, by any means, no matter what


karang

From Malay karang, from Classical Malay karang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”). Cognate with Old Javanese karaṅ (“coral, reef”).

inh

coral, a hard substance made of the limestone skeletons of marine polyps

(proscribed) coral reef, a reef formed by compacted coral skeletons


karang

From Javanese ꦏꦫꦁ (karang, “yard”), from Old Javanese karaṅ (“place, yard”).


karang

From Malay karang, from Classical Malay karang, from Javanese ꦏꦫꦁ (karang, “article: piece of writing; flower headdress”), from Old Javanese karaṅ (“garland”).


ampang

Inherited from Malay ampang (“eazy; light”), from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hampaŋ (“easy, promiscuous”). Doublet of gampang.


usuk

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦸꦱꦸꦏ꧀ (usuk), from Old Javanese usuk. Doublet of rusuk.


vrijdenker

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch vrijdenker (“freethinker”).


ancala

From Sanskrit अचल (acala, “mountain, rock”).


gulma

From Sanskrit गुल्म (gulma, “bush, shrub”).

weed: any plant regarded as unwanted at the place where, and at the time when it is growing


jalak

starling (species of passerine birds that belonging to Sturnidae family)


perkutut

any of various birds of the genus Geopelia


anak kunci

Compound of anak + kunci, inherited from Malay anak kunci, from Classical Malay انق كونچي (anak kunci). Compare to Khmer កូនសោ (koun sao, “key”, literally “child + lock”).

ncog

(dated) key, an object designed to open and close a lock


pertal

From Javanese ꦥꦼꦂꦠꦭ꧀ (pertal), from Dutch vertaal (“translate”).


filem

(nonstandard by KBBI) Alternative spelling of film


kibor

(computing) a set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc.

(music) a device with keys of a musical keyboard, used to control electronic sound-producing devices which may be built into or separate from the keyboard device


gara-gara

Probably borrowed from Betawi gara-gara (“reason”).


gara-gara

by or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that

as is known, inferred, or determined from the fact that


gara-gara

(uncommon) uproar (a loud protest, controversy, or outrage)

(uncommon) sign (a visible fact that shows that something exists or may happen)


enjin

From Malay enjin, from English engine, from Anglo-Norman engine, from Old French engin, from Latin ingenium. Doublet of insinyur, genius, and zeni.


BOS

bantuan operasional sekolah
bantuan operasional sekolah#Indonesian

(education, finance) Acronym of bantuan operasional sekolah (“school operational assistance”).


purwa

From Javanese ꦥꦸꦂꦮ (purwa, “ancient, beginning”), from Old Javanese pūrwa (“beginning, front, eastern”), from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva). Doublet of purba.


purwa

purwa-purwa (plural)
purwa- (alternative)


pegawai

pêgawai (canonical)
pegawai-pegawai (plural)

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

Affixed per- + gawai (“work”), from Malay pegawai. Replaced Dutch ambtenaar (“civil servant”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

(archaic, figurative) tool, equipment, apparatus


pakaian

From Malay pakaian,
from Classical Malay pakaian. Equivalent to pakai + -an.


sepur

From Dutch spoor (“railway”), from Middle Dutch spor, from Old Dutch *spor, from Proto-Germanic *spurą, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦱꦼꦥꦸꦂ (sepur, “train”) for "train" sense, see above.

sl

Awas kereta api. Dua sepur.

(rail transport) railway track, track gauge

(colloquial, Central Java, Yogyakarta) train


binen

From Dutch binnen, from Middle Dutch binnen, from Old Dutch *binnan.

(dialectal or obsolete) set for life (having obtained such success professionally and having been able to save enough money)


goeroe

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of guru.


gusi

From Malay gusi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gusi (“gums”), from Proto-Austronesian *gusi (“gums”).

(anatomy) gum: the flesh around the teeth


gusi

From Malay gusi, probably from Persian گشا (gošâ, “opening, loosening, solving”).


pemenggalan kata

Compound of pemenggalan + kata (“word”).

syllabification (the division of a word into syllables)


honji

Borrowed from Cantonese 漢字 /汉字 (hon³ zi⁶, “Han Chinese character”), with possible influence from Hokkien 漢字 /汉字 (hàn-jī, “Han Chinese character”), from Middle Chinese 漢 (xàn, “Han dynasty; China”) + 字 (dzì, “[written] character”). Compare Mandarin 漢字 /汉字 (hànzì), Japanese 漢字 (kanji), Korean 한자(漢字) (hanja). Doublet of hanja, hanzi and kanji.


ampa

marked area in the forest for plantation


ampa

unfilled rice grain because of broken stalk


ampa

wood or bamboo with sharp end for animal trap


ampas

From Malay hampas, ampas, from Classical Malay همڤس (hampas), امڤاس (ampas).


datin

acronym of data dan informasi (“data and information”).


aktentas

aktêntas (canonical)
aktentas-aktentas (plural)

Reconstructed as akta + tas, from Dutch aktentas (“briefcase”) (current spelling aktetas).


berasal

From Malay berasal, from Classical Malay berasal. Equivalent to ber- + asal (“origin”).

Kamu berasal dari mana?

to come from, to originate from, to be from


cakap

cakap-cakap (plural)
tjakap (alternative)

From Malay cakap, from Classical Malay cakap, from Proto-Malayic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *cakəp.


cakap

head

cakap (comparative lebih cakap, superlative tercakap or paling cakap, equative secakap)

lebih cakap (comparative)
tercakap (superlative)
paling cakap (superlative)
secakap (equative)
cakep (alternative)
cekap (alternative)
tjakap (alternative)

From Standard Malay cekap (“skillful, efficient”) (influenced by Minangkabau cakap), from Javanese ꦕꦼꦏꦥ꧀ (cekap, “sufficient, adequate”), from Old Javanese cĕkap (“impudent”).
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦕꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (cakep, “good-looking”).

sl

(archaic) to have cleverness, to be skillful


kehidupan

kêhidupan (canonical)
kehidupan-kehidupan (plural)

Affixed hidup + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kehidupan


tahan

Inherited from Malay tahan, from Proto-Malayic *tahan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan.


tahan

kebertahanan

staidness; lastingness; persistence; defence


tembok

Inherited from Malay tembok, from Aslian.


gembira

From Malay gembira, from Sanskrit गम्भीर (gambhīra, “deep”).


kebun

kêbun (canonical)
kebun-kebun (plural)
keboen (alternative)
kebon (alternative)

From Malay kebun, from Classical Malay kebun, from Old Javanese kĕbon, kĕbwan (“garden, plantation”) (compare to Javanese ꦏꦼꦧꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kebon, “garden, plantation”)), affixed form of bwah, wwah (“fruit”) (compare Indonesian buah (“fruit”), hence reconstructed as buah + ke- -an).

cog

garden: an outdoor area containing one or more types of plants, usually plants grown for food or ornamental purposes

orchard: a garden or an area of land for the cultivation of fruit or nut trees


bersih

(physical) Free of dirt or impurities or protruberances.

(behavioural) Free of immorality or criminality.

clean
Free of immorality or criminality.
pure, especially morally or religiously

(of criminal, driving, etc. records) without restrictions or penalties, or someone having such a record

driving; etc. records; driving; etc. records

free of flaws or imperfections; unsullied

pure
free of foreign material or pollutants

free of immoral behavior or qualities; clean

net: remaining after expenses or deductions


elok

From Malay elok, from Proto-Malayic *iluk.


berniaga

From Malay berniaga, from Classical Malay beniaga, berniaga, from Old Malay vaṇiyāga, from Sanskrit वाणिज्यक (vāṇijyaka, “trader”). Rebracketed as ber- + niaga. Compare to Old Javanese waṇigjana (“trader”) and baṇyaga (“trader”).


niaga

From Malay niaga, from Classical Malay niaga, back-formation from beniaga (“trading”), which borrowed from Sanskrit वाणिज्यक (vāṇijyaka, “trader”).


mengajar

head

mêngajar (base-imperative ajar, active mengajar, passive diajar)

mêngajar (canonical)
mengajar (active)
diajar (passive)

Affixed meng- + ajar, from Malay mengajar.


hendak

hêndak (canonical)
nak (alternative abbreviation common dialectal)

(transitive) to want (to wish for or desire (something); to feel a need or desire for; to crave or demand)

(auxiliary) to will (used to express the future tense, sometimes with an implication of volition or determination when used in the first person)


patut

Inherited from Malay patut, from Classical Malay ڤاتوت (patut), from Old Javanese patūt. Doublet of anut and turut.


kawin

From Malay kahwin, kawin, from Classical Malay کهوين (kahwin), کاوين (kawin), from Persian کاوین (kâvin), a variant of کابین (kâbin, “marriage-portion, dowry”).

(legal term) in a state of marriage; married


kawin

to have sex (animal, non-human); to mate, to breed


kawin

kawin-kawin (plural)
kahwin (alternative)


mem-

From prefix meng-. Prefix meng- before initials of /b/, /p/ or /f/ except before prefix per- will cause fusion with transformation of meng- into mem- and initial elision of /p/.

Form of prefix meng- before initial /b/, /p/ or /f/ except before prefix per-.


meny-

From prefix meng-. Prefix meng- before initials of /s/ will cause fusion with transformation of meng- into meny- and elision of initial /s/.

Form of prefix meng- before initials of /s/.


menge-

form of meng-, before monosyllabic roots.


akhbar

From Malay akhbar, from Classical Malay اخبار (akhbar), from Arabic أَخْبَار (ʔaḵbār).

der

Arabic أَخْبَار (ʔaḵbār)


purba

From Malay purba, ultimately from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva, “initial, first”).


kata nama

Compound of kata (“word”) + nama (“name”), calque of Dutch naamwoord (“noun”, literally “name + word”).


perdana

pêrdana (canonical)
perdana-perdana (plural)

From Malay perdana, from Sanskrit प्रधान (pradhāna). Doublet of pradana.


perdana menteri

id-noun

pêrdana mêntêri (plural perdana-perdana menteri)

pêrdana mêntêri (canonical)
perdana-perdana menteri (plural)
PM (alternative initialism)

Compound of perdana (“first”) + menteri (“minister”), from Malay perdana menteri, which is a calque of English prime minister and Sanskrit प्रधान मंत्री (pradhāna maṃtrī).

cal

प्रधान मंत्री


kapal terbang

id-noun

kapal têrbang (plural kapal-kapal terbang)

kapal têrbang (canonical)
kapal-kapal terbang (plural)

From kapal (“ship”) + terbang (“to fly”), inherited from Malay kapal terbang. Compare to Hokkien 飛船／飞船 (“airplane”, literally “to fly + boat, vessel, ship”).


AWS

awake brain surgery
awake brain surgery#English

(surgery) initialism of awake brain surgery.


subsider

From Dutch subsidiair, from French subsidiaire, from Latin subsidiārius. Compare Malay subsidiari.

(law) secondary sentence as alternative sentence to primary sentence, if the primary sentence is not fulfilled


EBV

Epstein-Barr virus
Epstein-Barr virus#English

(virology) Initialism of Epstein-Barr virus.


buncis

Inherited from Malay buncis, from Dutch boontjes (“small beans”).


persneling

From Dutch versnelling (“gear; acceleration”).


FIB

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu budaya.


krib

(construction, engineering) a dam or breakwater constructed perpendicular to the bank, strand and/or water current, to prevent erosion


berapa

From Malay berapa. Equivalent to ber- + apa.


sejahtera

From Malay sejahtera, probably from Sanskrit साच्- (sāc-) + छत्त्र (chattra, “parasol, umbrella, Chattar (royal ensign)”), literally “under government protection”.


bertutur

(intransitive) to say
to tell, either verbally or in writing

to speak; to express an opinion; to make answer; to reply


optis

Borrowed from Dutch optisch, from German optisch.

optic, optical (of, or relating to the eye or optical instruments)


TTM

teman tapi mesra
teman tapi mesra#Indonesian

friend with benefits
friend with benefits

(colloquial, slang) Abbreviation of teman tapi mesra (“friend with benefits”).


karkas

carcass, the body of a slaughtered animal, stripped of unwanted viscera, etc


raksasa

From Malay raksasa, from Classical Malay raksasa, from Sanskrit राक्षस (rākṣasa, “demon”).

(Buddhism, Hinduism) a member of a race of usually evil human-like monsters who eat people; an ogre

(figurative, colloquial) very tall person


raksasa

(figurative) giant; very tall; very large


pejabat

Affixed per- + jabat, inherited from Malay pejabat. Attested before 1953.

official, an office holder invested with powers and authorities

(archaic) office, a room, set of rooms, or building used for non-manual work


sepanjang

From Malay sepanjang, from Classical Malay sepanjang. Equivalent to se- + panjang.


pembedahan

Affixed bedah + peng- -an, from Malay pembedahan.

(medicine) surgery: a procedure involving major incisions to remove, repair, or replace a part of a body


accoord

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch accoord (“agreement, accord”), older spelling of akkoord, from Middle Dutch accoort, from Old French acorder (Modern French accord), from Vulgar Latin to be heart to heart with, formed from Latin ad + cor (“heart”). Doublet of akor and akur.

ubor

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of akor.


accoord

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of akur.


membantu

From Malay membantu, from Classical Malay membantu. Equivalent to meng- + bantu.

Pelatih kebugaran akan membantu Anda mencapai kondisi tubuh yang lebih baik.

A fitness trainer will help you achieve a better body condition.


sakristi

From Dutch sacristie, from Middle Dutch sacristie, from Medieval Latin sacristia.

(Catholicism) sacristy: A room in a church where sacred vessels, books, vestments, etc. are kept. Sometimes also used by clergy to prepare for worship or for meetings


Merak

Merak (a port town in Cilegon Regency, Banten, Indonesia)


hubung

head

hubung (transitive locative hubungi, transitive applicative hubungkan)

hubungi (locative transitive)
hubungkan (applicative transitive)

(rarely used in this form as a verb, intransitive) to connect


lapangan

field;
domain of study, knowledge or practice

a place where competitive matches are carried out

battlefield: a place where a battle is fought

an area reserved for playing a game or race with one’s physical force

stadium: a venue where sporting events are held, especially badminton, volleyball, and basketball

(sports) a place arranged for playing the games of tennis, basketball, squash, badminton, volleyball and some other games; court

(cricket) the area of grass on which a match is played: a cricket field; ground


pencak silat

id-noun

pêncak silat (plural pencak-pencak silat)

pêncak silat (canonical)
pencak-pencak silat (plural)


pijantung kecil

pijantung kecil (plural pijantung-pijantung kecil)

(birds) little spiderhunter (Arachnothera longirostra)


juru selamat

(religion, Christianity) Savior, Redeemer (Jesus Christ)


arteri

artéri (canonical)
arteri-arteri (plural)

From Dutch arterie, from Latin artēria (“windpipe, artery”), from Ancient Greek ἀρτηρία (artēría).

(anatomy, medicine) an efferent blood vessel from the heart, conveying blood away from the heart regardless of oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery

(transport, communication, figurative) a major transit corridor


senjata

sênjata (canonical)
senjata-senjata (plural)

From Malay senjata, from Classical Malay senjata, from Sanskrit संयत्त (saṃyatta, “prepared, ready, being on one's guard”) or सज्जता (sajjatā, “preparation”).

der

an instrument of attack or defense in combat or hunting, e.g. most guns, missiles, or swords

weapon; arms:
(figurative) a tool of any kind


lontar

lontar-lontar (plural)
rontal (alternative)

From Javanese ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦂ, ꦫꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦭ꧀ (lontar, rontal), from Old Javanese lontar, rontar, rontal, compound of ron (“leaf”) + tal, tala (“palm”), from Sanskrit ताल (tāla, “palm”).

bor

ꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦂ, ꦫꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦭ꧀

Borassus flabellifer
Borassus flabellifer#Translingual

lontar:
the tree (Borassus flabellifer).

palm-leaf manuscript
palm-leaf manuscript


membran

From Dutch membraan, from Middle French membrane, from Latin membrana, itself from membra, plural of membrum (“member, limb”) + -anus (“-ane”).

membrane, a flexible enclosing or separating tissue forming a plane or film and separating two environments:

(biology) a microscopic double layer of lipids and proteins forming the boundary of cells or organelles

(engineering) a mechanical, thin, flat flexible part that can deform or vibrate when excited by an external force


puputan

Affixed puput + -an, from Minangkabau [Term?].


puputan

Affixed puput + -an, from Balinese ᬧᬸᬧᬸᬢᬦ᭄ (puputan) and Javanese ꦥꦸꦥꦸꦠꦤ꧀ (puputan), from Old Javanese puputan (“end”).

ceremony marking the falling off of the cord


rumah panjang

id-noun

rumah panjang (plural rumah-rumah panjang)

Compound of rumah (“house”) + panjang (“long”), from Malay rumah panjang.

longhouse (especially that of the traditional ethnic groups of Borneo)


surau

From Malay surau, possibly from Sanskrit सुरौकस् (suraukas, “abode of the gods”).

der

(Islam) surau: a small mosque or other Islamic assembly building in parts of Sumatra and the Malay peninsula


mistar

From Arabic مِسْطَرَة (misṭara, “ruler (device)”).

ruler, a (usually rigid), flat, rectangular measuring or drawing device with graduations in units of measurement; a straightedge with markings

(soccer) crossbar, the top of the goal structure

bar
crossbar, the top of the goal structure

(high jump, pole vault) a horizontal pole that must be crossed in high jump and pole vault

high jump; pole vault; high jump; pole vault


mistar

From Arabic مِسْتَرٌ (mistarun, “covering”).

that which covers or conceals; a cover; something spread or laid over or wrapped about another


taktil

Borrowed from Dutch tactiel (“tactile”), from French tactile (“tactile”), from Latin tāctilis.


indah

head

indah (superlative terindah, equative seindah)

terindah (superlative)
seindah (equative)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦃ (indah), from Old Javanese indah.


indah

(intransitive) to care, to pay attention


dabing

(colloquial) dubbing (replacement of voice)


masyarakat

masyarakat-masyarakat (plural)
masjarakat (alternative)
masarakat (alternative)

From Malay masyarakat, from Arabic مُشَارَكَة (mušāraka).

masyarakat penyandang dana internasional

dimensi etis dan masyarakat teknologi informasi

pengelolaan sumberdaya berbasis masyarakat

a group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition.

a residential or religious collective; a commune.

a group of people interacting by electronic means for educational, professional, social, or other purposes; a virtual community.


Tele

(colloquial, slang) an instant messaging service


oportunisme

Borrowed from Dutch opportunisme (“opportunism”).


apraksia

Internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀπραξία (apraxía).


mayat

mayat-mayat (plural)
mait (alternative)
mayit (alternative nonstandard)
majat (alternative)

From Malay mayat, from Classical Malay mayat, from Arabic مَيْت (mayt). Doublet of mayit.


AKI

angka kematian ibu
angka kematian ibu#Indonesian

Acronym of angka kematian ibu (“maternal mortality rate”).


bazoka

bazoka-bazoka (plural)
basoka (alternative)

(military) bazooka, a shoulder fired rocket grenade launcher


sasi

From Javanese sasi (ꦱꦱꦶ, “moon, month”), from Old Javanese śaśi (“moon, month”), from Sanskrit शशि (śaśi, “containing a hare, moon”).


angpau

angpau-angpau (plural)
angpao (alternative)

From Hokkien 紅包 /红包 (âng-pau, literally “red packet”). Compare Mandarin 紅包 /红包 (hóngbāo, “red packet”). Doublet of hongbao.

bor

red envelope; ang pow: A red envelope which one fills with money and gives as a gift especially to children and unmarried people on Chinese New Year


yonkoma

From Japanese 4コマ (yon-koma, “four-frame”), clipping of 4コマ漫画 (yon-koma manga, literally “four-panel comic strip”).

yonkoma (a comic strip of Japanese origin, having four panels usually in a vertical orientation)


kembali

tlb

(intransitive, doesn't take voice prefixes)

Inherited from Malay kembali. Can be reanalyzed as ke + meng + balik (the same analysis can be seen in sendiri).


kesatria

kêsatria (canonical)
kesatria-kesatria (plural)
ksatriya (alternative)
satria (alternative)
seteria (alternative)

From Malay kesatria, from Sanskrit क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya, “warrior-king”).

der

(Hinduism) a member of the Kshatriya social class in ancient Hindu society


salib

From Malay salib, from Arabic صَلِيب (ṣalīb).

a geometrical figure consisting of two straight lines or bars intersecting each other such that at least one of them is bisected by the other

a wooden post with a perpendicular beam attached and used (especially in the Roman Empire) to execute criminals (by crucifixion)

(Christianity) the cross on which Christ was crucified

cross:
the cross on which Christ was crucified

(Christianity) a hand gesture made in imitation of the shape of the Cross

(Christianity) a modified representation of the crucifixion stake, worn as jewellery or displayed as a symbol of religious devotion


budaya

budaya-budaya (plural)
boedaja (alternative)
budaja (alternative)

From Malay budaya, from Sanskrit बुद्धयः (buddhayaḥ), plural of बुद्धि (buddhi).

membudayakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dibudayakan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

terbudayakan [agentless action + causative benefactive]

intellectual capacity (the faculty of reasoning and understanding)

culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize a particular society or nation)

(colloquial) tendency, habit, norm (a pervasively engrained practice, especially one that is hard to give up)


Tanjung Verde

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


kantor pos

Compound of kantor + pos, calque of Dutch postkantoor (“post office”).


teluk

bay (a body of water more-or-less three-quarters surrounded by land)

gulf (a portion of an ocean or sea extending into the land; a partially landlocked sea)


musim dingin

Compound of musim (“season”) + dingin (“cold”).

com+

winter (fourth season, marked by short days and the lowest temperatures)


musim gugur

From musim (“season”) + gugur (“to fall”).

autumn, fall: traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves; typically regarded as being from September 24 to December 22 in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere;


musim hujan

Compound of musim + hujan, from Malay musim hujan.


musim kemarau

Inherited from Malay musim kemarau. Equivalent to musim (“season”) + kemarau (“dry”).

dry season (any season in which little rain falls and hot)


pengetahuan

pêngêtahuan (canonical)
pengetahuan-pengetahuan (plural)

Inherited from Malay pengetahuan. Equivalent to ke- + tahu + peng- -an.

the fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc.

awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something

intellectual understanding; the state of appreciating truth or information

familiarity or understanding of a particular skill, branch of learning etc.

ilmu

intellectual understanding, familiarity or understanding of particular skill

knowledge
(philosophy) justified true belief

the total of what is known; all information and products of learning


wajah

Inherited from Malay wajah (“face”), from Classical Malay wajah, from Arabic وَجْه (wajh, “face”).

the front part of the head, featuring the eyes, nose, and mouth and the surrounding area

(figurative) the frontal aspect of something


anak belasan tahun

id-noun

anak bêlasan tahun (plural anak-anak belasan tahun)

anak bêlasan tahun (canonical)
anak-anak belasan tahun (plural)

From anak (“child, kid”) + belasan (“of numbers between 11 to 19”) + tahun (“year”).


apek

From Hakka 阿伯 (â-pak, “paternal uncle, old man”).


apek

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of apak (“mouldy”)


stembusakkoord

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch stembusakkoord.

ubor

electoral agreement among political parties


semur

→ English: semur

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦼꦩꦸꦂ (semur), from Dutch smoor, smoren (“to braise”).

(cooking) semur: an Indonesian stew normally made with beef


minderwaardig

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch minderwaardig (“inferior; low in quality; third-rate”).


tengger

perch (a place used as a roost or stand by a bird)


najis

From Arabic نَجِس (najis, “unclean, impure”).


najis

(Islam) ritually unclean, such that contact with it puts a Muslim in a state of impurity


nista

From Sanskrit निष्ठा (niṣṭhā, “catastrophe, distress, trouble”).


piket

From Dutch piket (“immediate reaction troop”), from French piquet (“picket, school punishment”).


piket

to watch, to look at for a period of time


bankir

From Dutch bankier (“banker”), from French banquier (“banker”).

banker, one who conducts the business of banking


farisi

farisi-farisi (plural)
Farisi (alternative capitalized)

From Malay farisi, from Arabic فَرِّيسِيّ (farrīsiyy).


semantik

sèmantik (canonical)
semantik-semantik (plural)


briket

brikèt (canonical)
briket-briket (plural)
brikuet (alternative)

From Dutch briket, from French briquette (“small brick”).

briquette: a small brick, typically made of charcoal and used for fuel


sangga

From Malay sangga, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saŋga (“hilt of knife or bolo; to support”). Doublet of sanggah.


sangga

From Sanskrit सङ्घ (saṅgha, “group, assembly”). Doublet of sangha.

der

(scouting) a 5 - 10 persons scouting group

(Java) measurement unit for 5 ikat paddy


sangka

From Malay sangka, from Classical Malay sangka, from Sanskrit शङ्का (śaṅkā, “doubt, suspicion, distrust, fear”).


sangka

From Sanskrit शङ्ख (śaṅkha, “a shell, (especially) the conch-shell”).


imla

Arabic إِمْلَاء (ʔimlāʔ)


PISA

w:Programme for International Student Assessment

Acronym of Programme for International Student Assessment.


perangkat lunak

id-noun

perangkat lunak (plural perangkat-perangkat lunak)

From perangkat (“equipment”) + lunak (“soft”). Calque of English software.

compound

(computing) software (encoded computer instructions)


peranti lunak

id-noun

peranti lunak (plural peranti-peranti lunak)

From peranti (“device”) + lunak (“soft”). Calque of English software.


peranti

pêranti (canonical)
peranti-peranti (plural)
piranti (alternative)

Equivalent to peng- + rantai, from Malay peranti, from Old Javanese paranti (“expedient, tool, ready, place”). Doublet of piranti. Cognate of Javanese ꦥꦶꦫꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ (piranti).


perangkat

pêrangkat (canonical)
perangkat-perangkat (plural)

apparatus: a complex machine or instrument

perangkat desa

officer: one who has a position of authority in a government organizations

(computer hardware) device: a peripheral device; an item of hardware

seperangkat alat salat


perlengkapan

pêrlêngkapan (canonical)
perlengkapan-perlengkapan (plural)

equipment: any items used in equipping something or someone, for example things needed for an expedition or voyage


mengaktifkan

head

mengaktifkan (active mengaktifkan, passive diaktifkan, imperative aktifkan, adversative passive teraktifkan, emphatic-jussive aktifkanlah)

mengaktifkan (active)
diaktifkan (passive)
aktifkan (imperative)

Affixed of aktif (“active”) + meng- -kan.

(transitive) to activate
to induce increased activity

(computing) to remove the limitations of demoware

to activate
to remove the limitations of demoware

(transitive) to activate
(chemistry, physics) to render reactive

(transitive, military) to organize a military unit or station

to activate
to organize a military unit or station

(computing) to turn on, to enable (a software functionality)


peramban

From per- + ramban.
The sense “browser” is a semantic loan from English browser.

a person who collects grasses or leaves for livestocks


mesin pencari

id-noun

mesin pencari (plural mesin-mesin pencari)

From mesin (“engine, machine”) + pencari (“searcher”). Calque of English search engine.


mesin penelusur

mesin penelusur (plural mesin-mesin penelusur)

From mesin (“engine, machine”) + penelusur (“explorer, searcher”). Calque of English search engine.


memutakhirkan

(transitive, neologism) to update, to modernize, to freshen (to bring something up-to-date)


memperbarui

From Malay memperbaharui, equivalent to baru + memper- -i.

(transitive) to update, to modernize, to freshen (to bring something up-to-date)


berbahaya

From Malay berbahaya. Equivalent to ber- + bahaya.


berniat

From Malay berniat,
from Classical Malay berniat. Equivalent to
From ber- + niat.


mengubah

From Malay mengubah, from Classical Malay mengubah. Equivalent to meng- + ubah.


setelan

suit: a set of clothes to be worn together, now especially a man's matching jacket and trousers (also business suit or lounge suit), or a similar outfit for a woman


suntingan

(computing) a change in the text of a file, a website or the code of software


menghidupkan

head

menghidupkan (ordinary/imperative hidupkan, active menghidupkan, passive dihidupkan, accidental/perfect passive terhidupkan)

menghidupkan (active)
dihidupkan (passive)

(transitive) to switch on, to turn on, to enable (to put a device into action or activate a function of an electronic device)

(transitive) to revive (to restore to life or consciousness)


memfungsikan

From fungsi + meng- -kan. Attested before 1959.

(transitive) to put into function, to make use of, to utilize

(transitive, computing, rare) to activate, to enable (a software functionality)


menyimpan

From Malay menyimpan, from Classical Malay menyimpan. Equivalent to meng- + simpan.


peladen

From
From peng- + laden. The sense “server” is a semantic loan from English server.


singgahan

(computing) cache (temporary storage for data)


alarm palsu

From alarm (“alarm”) + palsu (“false, fake”), calque of English false alarm.

false alarm (trigger of an unfounded response)


fitur

From English feature, from Anglo-Norman feture, from Old French faiture, from Latin factūra. Doublet of faktur.


kiai

→ Min Nan: 稽 (ke)

From Javanese kyai (ꦏꦾꦲꦶ), from Old Javanese kiya-kiya, kyayi (“respected person”). Semantic loan from Banjarese kiai for distric chief sense.
Compare Proto-Malayic *akiʔ (“grandfather”) and Central Malay yai (“grandfather”).

Panthera tigris
Panthera tigris#Translingual

honorific for tiger (Panthera tigris), when trespass the forest

(historical) district chief, in South Kalimantan


kiai

From Japanese 気合(きあい) (kiai, “yell; spirit, fight”).

(sports) kiai, the yell or shout uttered when performing a move in martial arts


kajang

Inherited from Malay kajang, from Classical Malay کاجڠ (kajang).


PLTN

pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir#Indonesian

Initialism of pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir.


pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir

id-noun

pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir (plural pembangkit-pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir)

From pembangkit listrik (“power plant”) + tenaga nuklir (“nuclear power”), calque of English nuclear power plant.


nuklir

nuklear (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

nuclear, pertaining to the nucleus of an atom


listrik

From older spellings lestrik, lesterik, elestrik, borrowed from Dutch elektriciteit (unusually metathesized into *elestrikiteit), from French électrique, from Latin ēlectricus, from Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron). Doublet of elektrik.


listrik

→ Ternate: listrik


pembangkit listrik

id-noun

pembangkit listrik (plural pembangkit-pembangkit listrik)

Compound of pembangkit (“generator, power plant”) + listrik (“electricity”). Compare to Dutch elektriciteitscentrale and French centrale électrique.

compound

(electricity) power plant, power station


arya

From Sanskrit आर्य (ārya, “noble, noble one”). Doublet of ayah.

der

former title for higher official in Javanese kingdom period


RAT

rapat anggota tahunan
rapat anggota tahunan#Indonesian

(management) Initialism of rapat anggota tahunan.


tampi

From Malay tampi, from Classical Malay tampi, from Proto-Malayic *tampi.


aor

to stir the rice while drying it using ten fingers so that it dries evenly


aor

feels bitter in the mouth due to smoking too much, being sick, and so on

tired (about the mouth) from chewing food too much


paroki

From Late Latin parochia, from Ancient Greek παροικία (paroikía, “a dwelling abroad”).
* Via Dutch parochie (“parish”), from Middle Dutch prochie.
* Via Portuguese paróquia (“parish”).


HSS

(agriculture) Initialism of hari setelah semai (“days after sowing”).


teritorial

Borrowed from Dutch territoriaal (“territorial”).


sahur

From Malay sahur,
from Classical Malay sahur, from Arabic سَحُور (saḥūr).

(Islam) suhur, a pre-dawn breakfast during the Ramadan fasting


tamak

From Malay tamak, from Arabic طَمَع (ṭamaʕ, “greed”).


autogen

From Dutch autogeen, from German autogen.


aktivasi

Affixed aktif + -asi, borrowed from Dutch activatie (“activation”).


menonaktifkan

head

menonaktifkan (ordinary/imperative nonaktifkan, active menonaktifkan, passive dinonaktifkan, accidental/perfect passive ternonaktifkan)

menonaktifkan (active)
dinonaktifkan (passive)

Affixed of nonaktif (“nonactive”) + meng- -kan

Kami untuk sementara waktu menonaktifkan layanan aplikasi kami karena sedang dalam perbaikan.

We have temporarily disabled our app service as it is under maintenance.

(transitive) to deactivate, to disable (to put something out of action)


palsu

(of status); by using a fake identity (fake police, etc)

a copy; something that is not the real thing; imitation


deret

deret-deret (plural)
teret (alternative)

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">dérét</i>

(Standard Malay)

(mathematics) the sequence of partial sums ∑ᵢ₌₁ⁿa_i of a given sequence aᵢ

(phonology) a set of consonants that share a particular phonetic or phonological feature


mematikan

head

mêmatikan (basic-imperative matikan, active mematikan, passive dimatikan, emphatic-jussive matikanlah)

mêmatikan (canonical)
mematikan (active)
dimatikan (passive)

Harimau itu dimatikan dengan tonggak.

Matikan kompornya kalau belum masak.

Turn off the stove if (you) haven't cooked yet.

Warga sedang berupaya mematikan api di rumah sana.

Residents are trying to put out the fire in the house there.


mematikan

mêmatikan (comparative lebih mematikan, superlative paling mematikan or termematikan, equative semematikan)

mêmatikan (canonical)
lebih mematikan (comparative)
paling mematikan (superlative)
termematikan (superlative)
semematikan (equative)


mesin tik

[məˌsɪn ˈt̪ɪk̚]

From mesin (“machine”) + tik (“type”), calque of English typewriter.


piranti

From Javanese ꦥꦶꦫꦤ꧀ꦠꦶ (piranti), from Old Javanese paranti (“expedient, tool, ready, place”). Doublet of peranti. Equivalent to peng- + rantai.


surga

From Malay shurga, shorga, sorga, surga, swarga, syorga, syurga (Standard Malay syurga), from Classical Malay شرݢ (syurga), شرݢ (surga), from Sanskrit स्वर्ग (svarga).

(religion) paradise, heaven. (any religions)

(Hinduism) alternative spelling of swarga (“svarga”)


perusak

pêrusak (canonical)
perusak-perusak (plural)
perosak (alternative)


persinggahan

From Malay persinggahan, from Classical Malay persinggahan. Equivalent to singgah + per- -an.


tembolok

Inherited from Malay تمبولوق (tembolok, “craw”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">tembolok</i>


Liu

From Hakka (Liù, Liuˇ, Liu2) pronunciations, from Chinese 劉／刘 (liú).

a surname, Liu, from Chinese
a surname from Hakka


Rahman

Ultimately from Arabic رَحْمٰن (raḥmān).


mosaik

mosaik-mosaik (plural)
mozaïek (alternative)
mozaik (alternative nonstandard)
mozék (alternative)

From Dutch mozaïek, from Middle French mosaïque, from Italian mosaico, from Medieval Latin musaicum, from Late Latin musivum (opus), from Latin museum, musaeum, probably from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon), shrine of the Muses, (Μοῦσα (Moûsa)).

(art) a piece of artwork created by placing colored squares (usually tiles) in a pattern so as to create a picture

(photography) a composite picture made from overlapping photographs

(botany, phytopathology) any of several viral diseases that cause mosaic-like patterns to appear on leaves


memasang

From Malay memasang,
from Classical Malay memasang. Equivalent to
From meng- + pasang.

to put on (clothing, equipment or the like);

(clothing) to put on, to dress in; to don

to attach (an object) to a support, backing, framework etc; to mount

to hang (a notice) in a conspicuous manner for general review

to connect, set up or prepare something for use


percakapan

conversation: expression and exchange of individual ideas through talking with other people; also, a set instance or occasion of such talking

dialog: a conversation or other form of discourse between two or more individuals

talk: a conversation or discussion: usually serious, but informal

chatter: especially meaningless or unimportant talk

an exchange of text or voice messages in real time through a computer network, resembling a face-to-face conversation


liwa

From Malay liwa, from Arabic لِوَاء (liwāʔ, “banner, flag, standard”).


perkakas

From Javanese ꦥꦼꦂꦏꦏꦱ꧀ (perkakas). Equivalent to per- + kakas.


jari tengah

jari têngah (canonical)
jari-jari tengah (plural)

Compound of jari (“finger”) + tengah (“middle”)


katekis

katêkis (canonical)
katekis-katekis (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch catechist, from Latin catēchista.

(Christianity) catechist (one who practices catechesis, i.e., catechizes catechumens; a teacher who instructs students in the doctrines of a particular Christian denomination typically in preparation for confirmation)


bisnis

bisnis-bisnis (plural)
bisnes (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch business, from English business, from Middle English busines, busynes, businesse, bisynes, from Old English bisiġnes (“business, busyness”).

kemampuan ukur personel dan sasaran bisnis

siklus keberhasilan dan kegagalan bisnis

Ellipsis of kelas bisnis (“business class”).


bisi

(dialectal, Sunda) an expression to express concern about the possibility of something; in case, lest


wesel

From Dutch wissel, from Middle Dutch wissel. Cognate of Peranakan Indonesian wissel.

(Standard Malay)

(finance) money order, a type of cheque, usually purchased from a postal service to allow safe sending of money through the post, possibly to be redeemed in another country


Sanskerta

Sangsekerta (alternative)
Sansekerta (alternative)
Sanskerit (alternative)
Sanskrit (alternative)


Sanskerta

Sanskrit (of or pertaining to the Sanskrit language)


HET

harga eceran tertinggi
harga eceran tertinggi#Indonesian

(business, economics) Initialism of harga eceran tertinggi (“retail price ceiling”).


upacara

upacara-upacara (plural)
oepatjara (alternative)
upatjara (alternative)

From Malay upacara, from Sanskrit उपचार (upacāra).


hari lahir

Compound of hari + lahir, inherited from Malay hari lahir.


lezat

Inherited from Malay lazat, from Arabic لَذَّة (laḏḏa).


sanggama

Inherited from Malay sanggama, from Sanskrit सङ्गम (saṅgama, “intercourse, sexual union”).


layangan

kite (a flying lightweight toy that is flat and shaped like a triangle, played in wind)


klamidia

Learned borrowing from New Latin chlamydia, from Ancient Greek χλαμύδιον (khlamúdion, “small cloak”), χλαμύς (khlamús, “cloak”).

der

sexually transmitted disease
sexually transmitted disease

(uncountable) any of several common, often asymptomatic, sexually transmitted diseases caused by the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis

(countable) any of various coccoid microorganisms of the genus Chlamydia that are pathogenic to humans and other animals


ulit

Inherited from Malay ulit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hulij, from Proto-Austronesian *Sulij (“to lie or sleep next to”).


daing

From Malay daing, from Classical Malay داءيڠ (daeng).


superadmin

Internationalism, affixed admin + super-, borrowed from English superadmin.

information technology
information technology

(information technology) superadmin, superadministrator


UMK

(law, Indonesia) Initialism of upah minimum kabupaten.

(law, Indonesia) Initialism of upah minimum kota .


djam

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Superseded spelling of jam.


Matius

(biblical) Matthew (disciple of Jesus, author of the Gospel of Matthew)

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Matthew


kutang

From Portuguese cotão, from French coton (“cotton”), from Old French coton.


terigu

têrigu (canonical)
terigu-terigu (plural)

From Malay terigu, from Portuguese trigo (“wheat”), from Old Galician-Portuguese triigo, from Latin triticum.


gandum

gandum-gandum (plural)
gandoem (alternative)

From earlier gandoem, from Malay gandum, from Classical Malay gandum (“wheat”), from Persian گندم (gandom), from Middle Persian 𐫃𐫗𐫇𐫖 (gnwm /gannum/, “wheat”), (in book Pahlavi 𐭤𐭢 (Hᵍ /gan(d)um/)), from Proto-Iranian, from possibly Semitic (compare Proto-Semitic *ḥnṭ).


simposium

Borrowed from Dutch symposium, from Latin symposium, from Ancient Greek συμπόσιον (sumpósion, “drinking party”), συμπίνω (sumpínō, “drink together”) συν- (sun-, “together-”) + πίνω (pínō, “drink”).

symposium: a conference or other meeting for discussion of a topic, especially one in which the participants make presentations


komorbid

(pathology) comorbid: that occurs at the same time as another


federalisme

Borrowed from Dutch federalisme (“federalism”), from French fédéralisme.


tukil

From Malay tukil, from Classical Malay توکيل (tukil), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tukil.

a bamboo cylinder for juice obtained from the blossom of the coconut palm or sugar palm


perangkat keras

id-noun

perangkat keras (plural perangkat-perangkat keras)

From perangkat (“equipment”) + keras (“hard”). Calque of English hardware.


makna

Borrowed from Arabic مَعْنًى (maʕnan) via Malay makna.


tukang

id-noun

tukang (plural tukang-tukang or para tukang)

tukang-tukang (plural)
para tukang (plural)

Inherited from Malay tukang. Semantic loan from Betawi tukang for the senses of “seller” and “person with bad habit”.

tukang mabuk


bosan

membosankan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dibosankan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

bored (impatient or dissatisfied because one lacks interest in one's current activity)

bored (uninterested or inattentive because of frequent exposure or indulgence)

bored (annoyed about something that has continued for too long)


eksper

èkspèr (canonical)
eksper-eksper (plural)

From Dutch expert (“expert”), from Middle Dutch expert, from Middle French expert, from Old French expert, from Latin expertus.


reliabel

Internationalism, borrowed from English reliable.

suitable or fit to be relied on; worthy of dependence, reliance or trust; dependable, trustworthy


nilai

From Malay nilai, from Classical Malay nilai, from Tamil நிலை (nilai, “character, quality, nature”).


bernilai

From Malay bernilai,
from Classical Malay bernilai. Equivalent to
From ber- + nilai.


menilai

From Malay menilai, from Classical Malay menilai. Equivalent to meng- + nilai.

jangan menilai buku dari sampulnya


penilaian

pênilaian (canonical)
penilaian-penilaian (plural)

Affixed nilai (“value”) + peng- -an, inherited from Malay penilaian.

(education) the systematic process of documenting and using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning

(Standard Malay)


membangun

head

mêmbangun (comparative lebih membangun, superlative paling membangun)

mêmbangun (canonical)
lebih membangun (comparative)
paling membangun (superlative)

constructive (carefully considered and meant to be helpful)


gerak

(mechanics) motion (a change from one place to another)


bergerak

From Malay bergerak, from Classical Malay bergerak. Equivalent to ber- + gerak.


penggerak

pênggêrak (canonical)
penggerak-penggerak (plural)

mover:
someone who or something that moves

prime mover: a machine that converts various other forms of energy (chemical, electrical, fluid pressure/flow, etc.) into energy of movement


pergerakan

From gerak (“to move”) + per- -an. From Malay pergerakan.

movement (trend in various fields or social categories)


catu

From Malay catu, from Old Javanese catu (“portion, part, share”), probably from Tamil சத்து (cattu, “flour”), from Sanskrit सक्तु (saktu, “coarsely ground meal”).

der

ration: a portion of some limited resource allocated to a person or group


strok

From Malay strok, from English stroke, from Middle English stroke, strok, strak, from Old English strāc (“stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straik (“stroke”), from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“stroke; to strike”).


draf

From English draft, phonetic spelling of draught, from Middle English draught, from Old English *dreaht, *dræht, from Proto-Germanic *drahtuz, noun form of *draganą.

draft: an early version of a written work (such as a book or e-mail) or drawing; a preliminary sketch or outline for a plan


lemang

lêmang (canonical)
lemang-lemang (plural)

From Malay lemang, from Classical Malay لمڠ (lĕmang), from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləməŋ. Cognate of Minangkabau lamang.

bersandar di lemang hangat

menyandang lemang hangat orang

pulling the chestnuts out of the fire for someone

slinging someone else's hot lemang over the shoulder

lemang (a type of food made of glutinous rice and coconut milk baked in a length of bamboo lined with banana leaf)


Usman

Ultimately from Arabic عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān).

Arabic عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān)


Ishak

Arabic إِسْحَاقَ (ʔisḥāqa)

(Christianity, Judaism) Isaac (Biblical character)


pj

penanggung jawab
penanggung jawab#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of penanggung jawab.


dalem

From Javanese ꦢꦊꦩ꧀ (dalem), from Old Javanese dalem, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm (“inside, deep”), from Proto-Austronesian *daləm. Doublet of dalam.
* The term is associated with the inner part of a royal compound, throughout the Malayo-Javanic cultural area. The reference to “inner” and “inner area” as related to a socially higher status (king, royal residence, and respect) in Malay, Old Javanese, Sundanese, Balinese and Sasak, which appears to be a later innovation related to with Indicized cultural concepts, the development of complex social stratification systems based on increasingly hereditary ranks that extended clan based or tribal relations and ascribed status systems, and the development of economies based on wet rice agriculture.
* The sense of term of address is a semantic loan from Sundanese ᮓᮜᮨᮙ᮪ (dalem). Compare to Javanese ꦢꦊꦩ꧀ (dalem, “a term of address for person of an aristocratic family”).


dalem

Dalem Kepatihan

Dalem Mangkubumen

palace: walled-in residence compound of an aristocratic family

Dated spelling of dalam (“inside, indoors; interior”).


dalem

a term of address for bupati, especially in Sunda


dalem

Dated spelling of dalam (“inside, in, within”).


kakaktua

From Malay kakaktua, from
From kakak + tua (“old”) or perhaps onomatopoeic.

cockatoo (a bird of the family Cacatuidae with a curved beak and a zygodactyl foot)

(colloquial, by extension) parrot (any bird of the order Psittaciformes)


kakaktua

pincers (a gripping tool, pivoted like a pair of scissors, but with blunt jaws)


Ayub

(Christianity, Judaism) Job (Biblical character)

(Christianity, Judaism) Job (book of the Bible)


kecamatan

kêcamatan (canonical)
kecamatan-kecamatan (plural)

→ English: kecamatan

Affixed of camat + ke- -an, from Javanese ꦏꦕꦩꦠꦤ꧀ (kacamatan).

(government) the third-level administrative division in Indonesia, previously Dutch onderdistrict (“subdistrict”)


camat

chief executive officer
chief executive officer

(government) the chief executive officer in a third-level administrative division, kecamatan, in Indonesia


lurah

id-noun

lurah (plural lurah-lurah or para lurah)

lurah-lurah (plural)
para lurah (plural)

* Inherited from Malay lurah (“valley; groove”).
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦭꦸꦫꦃ (lurah, “village chief”, literally “chief”) for the sense of a fourth-level administrative division chief executive officer (compare Old Javanese lurah (“chief, head, officer; plain, valley; ravine, depth, gorge”)).

cog

(government) the chief executive officer in a subdistrict, urbanized fourth-level administrative division, kelurahan, in Indonesia

(Yogyakarta, government) the chief executive officer in a subdistrict, rural fourth-level administrative division, kalurahan, in Yogyakarta


kelurahan

kêlurahan (canonical)
kelurahan-kelurahan (plural)

→ Javanese: ꦏꦼꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ (kelurahan)

Affixed lurah (“urbanized fourth-level administrative division chief executive officer”) + ke- -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦭꦸꦫꦲꦤ꧀ (kalurahan). Doublet of kalurahan.

bor+

a county-level division below the kecamatan government in Indonesia


perangkat pemeras

id-noun

perangkat pemeras (plural perangkat-perangkat pemeras)


gubernur

gubêrnur (canonical)
gubernur-gubernur (plural)
gupernur (alternative obsolete proscribed)
goepernoer (alternative)
goebernoer (alternative)

→ Min Nan: 鵝蠻律 /鹅蛮律 (gô-bân-lu̍t)

From earlier East Indies Malay goebernoer, from Dutch gouverneur, from Middle Dutch gouverneur, from Middle French gouverneur, from Old French gouvreneur, from Latin gubernator.

(government) the chief executive officer of a province or provincial-level division known as a provinsi in Indonesia

(military) the head of military education institution


perangkat perusak

perangkat perusak (plural perangkat-perangkat perusak)


arkais

From Dutch archaïsch, from Late Latin archaicus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχαϊκός (arkhaïkós).


siwar

(fashion) a woven thread, used as a separator and strengthener for the base of the tassel on a typical Sumbawa men's shawl


siwar

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦶꦮꦂ (siwar, “whisker, dorsal fin”).


siwar

a cross weave, on the frame at the mouth of the lanjung, functions as a reinforcement and knot at the end of the weave so that it is sturdy, looks neat and beautiful


intip

intip (root)
mengintip (active nominative)
diintip (nominative passive)
intip (nominative)
intiplah (nominative)
mengintipi (active)
diintipi (passive)
intipi
intipilah
mengintipkan (active)
diintipkan (passive)
intipkan
intipkanlah


biara

Inherited from Malay بيارا (biara, “monastery”), from Old Malay vihāra (“monastery”), from Sanskrit विहार (vihāra, “monastery, academy”). Doublet of wihara.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">biara</i>

der

monastery: a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone (hermits)


biara

to separate each previously colored stream to make one according to the same color


keinggrisan

English; of or pertaining to England or to the people of England


mudarabah

mudarabah-mudarabah (plural)
mudharabah (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic مُضَارَبَة (muḍāraba, “venture”).


konteks

From Dutch context, from Middle French contexte or Latin contextus.

the surroundings, circumstances, environment, background or settings that determine, specify, or clarify the meaning of an event or other occurrence

(linguistics) the text in which a word or passage appears and which helps ascertain its meaning


wiku

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦶꦏꦸ (wiku, “priest; monk, nun”), from Old Javanese wiku (“sage; priest; monk, nun”), from Pali bhikkhu (“beggar, Buddhist monk”), from Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣú, “mendicant”). Doublet of biku and biksu.


usaha

From Malay usaha, from Classical Malay اوسها (usaha), from Pali ussāha (“strength, power, energy; endeavour, good”), from Sanskrit उत्साह (utsāha).

usaha melawan

action: something done so as to accomplish a purpose

usaha kudeta

Usaha yang bagus, Nak.

a specific commercial enterprise or establishment

business:
a person's occupation, work, or trade

commercial, industrial, or professional activity

company: any business, whether incorporated or not, that manufactures or sells products (also known as goods), or provides services as a commercial venture

usaha dagang

usaha kerjasama

an undertaking or project, especially a risky, daring or courageous one; venture

usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah

micro, small, or medium-sized enterprise

usaha tani

agricultural enterprise; farming business

a company, business, organization, or other purposeful endeavor

(physics) a measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance

usaha bersama

(physics, more generally) a measure of energy that is usefully extracted from a process


bahagi

head

bahagi (active membahagi, passive dibahagi)


IMT

indeks massa tubuh
indeks massa tubuh#Indonesian

Initialism of indeks massa tubuh (“body mass index”)


chef de cuisine

id-noun

chef de cuisine (plural chef-chef de cuisine)

Unadapted borrowing from French chef de cuisine (literally “chief of (the) kitchen”).

ubor

(cooking) chef de cuisine: the main or executive chef in a restaurant


tanggapan

(Standard Malay)


vaskular

Internationalism, from New Latin vasculāris, from Latin vasculum, diminutive of vas (“vessel”).


hemoptisis

hémoptisis (canonical)
hemoptisis-hemoptisis (plural)
hemoptoe (alternative)

From English hemoptysis, from Ancient Greek αἱμο- (haimo-, “blood”) + πτύσις (ptúsis, “spitting”). Compare to Dutch hemoptoë.

com

(pathology) hemoptysis, haemoptysis: expectoration (coughing up) of blood from the respiratory system


khatulistiwa

khatulistiwa-khatulistiwa (plural)
chattoe'listiwa (alternative)

From Malay khatulistiwa, from Arabic خط الاستواء.

der

Arabic خط الاستواء


bangga

From Malay bangga, probably related to Sanskrit भङ्ग (bhaṅga, “dividing, destruction”).


bangga

From Javanese bangga (ꦧꦔ꧀ꦒ, “to resist, to disobey, to refuse”), from Sanskrit भङ्ग (bhaṅga, “dividing, destruction”).


sulang

head

sulang (active menyulang, passive disulang)

Inherited from Malay sulang, further etymology is unknown.

bersulang-sulangan

to give drink to each other; to fight each other's beaks

sulangi

to give drink or invite for drink repeatedly


sulang

(rough translation) a lamp, that can produce soot


tapal

Probably from Dutch de paal (“the post”); compare to Malay tapal (“border”), Malayalam തപാൽ (tapāl, “post”) and Tamil தபால் (tapāl, “post”).


tapal

From Malay tapal (“lotion”), probably from Tamil தப்பளம் (tappaḷam, “smearing; oil”). Cognate Tagalog tapal.


Gunawan

From Javanese Gunawan, from guna (“use, benefit”) + -wan (“man”).


seru

sêru (canonical)
seru-seru (plural)
saru (alternative)

From Malay seru, from Sanskrit श्रु (śru, “to listen, hear; learn”).


seru

From Malay seru, from Javanese ꦱꦼꦫꦸ (seru, “loud, strong”), ꦱꦿꦸ (sru, “loud, strong”), from Old Javanese sru (“swiftness, force, vehemence”).

sharp, powerful, violent, furious, severe, intense


seru

From Malay seru, from Sanskrit सर्व (sarva, “all”). Doublet of sarwa and serba.


kuota

kuota-kuota (plural)
kuotum (alternative nonstandard)

From English quota, from Latin quota pars; from Dutch quota, plural form of quotum; see Latin quota.

Artinya, masih ada jatah kuota 255 kursi untuk pertanian yang belum terisi di Unpad.

2009 August, “Peminat Beasiswa Gubernur Kurang”, in Pikiran Rakyat [The Thought of the People] (broadsheet), Bandung: PT. Pikiran Rakyat Bandung, archived from the original on 2022-09-04:

Meaning, there's still a quota of 255 seats for agriculture left in Unpad.


Nabi

Alternative letter-case form of nabi (“prophet, nabi”)


Nabi

Kuri (pertaining to Austronesian people of the Bomberai Peninsula of New Guinea)

Nambi, Metan (pertaining to the Melanesian people of the Sandauan Province of New Guinea)


sialan

(offensive, vulgar) fuck!, shit! (expression of anger, contempt, etc.)


biasa saja

(informal) so-so (beither good nor bad; tolerable; passable; indifferent)


Mukhtar

From Arabic مُخْتَار (muḵtār, “chosen”).

Mokhtar (alternative)
Mochtar (alternative)


uler

From Javanese ꦲꦸꦭꦼꦂ (uler), from Old Javanese ulĕr. Doublet of ulat.

(chiefly Yogyakarta, colloquial) caterpillar


potret

Borrowed from Dutch portret, from French portrait.


asyik

From Malay asik, asyik, from Classical Malay اسيق (asik), عاشيق (asyik), from Arabic عَاشِق (ʕāšiq, “admirer, lover”).

asik (alternative)
asjik (alternative)
saik (alternative)
asoy (alternative informal slang)


asyik

asyik! (canonical)
asik (alternative)
asjik (alternative)
saik (alternative)
asoy (alternative informal slang)

asyik! kita berhasil!


asyik

asyik-asyik (plural)
asik (alternative)
asjik (alternative)
saik (alternative)
asoy (alternative informal slang)

(Islam) the person who sets his reflection and spiritual view on Allah SWT. because it is driven by love for Him and no longer afraid of death


onar

Inherited from Malay onar, from Classical Malay onar, honar.


briptu

(law enforcement) acronym of brigadir polisi satu (“first police brigadier”) (Indonesia)


yakis

Celebes crested macaque
Celebes crested macaque


mahkamah

From Malay mahkamah, from Classical Malay mahkamah, from Arabic مَحْكَمَة (maḥkama, “court”).

the persons officially assembled under authority of law, at the appropriate time and place, for the administration of justice; an official assembly, legally met together for the transaction of judicial business; a judge or judges sitting for the hearing or trial of cases

the hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered


kronis

From Dutch chronisch, from Latin chronicus, from Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”), from χρόνος (khrónos, “time”).

of a problem, that continues over an extended period of time

chronic:
(medicine) prolonged or slow to heal

(colloquial) helpless, uncontrollable, from which there is no possibility of being saved


akhir

akhir-akhir (plural)
achir (alternative)
ahir (alternative)

From Malay akhir, from Classical Malay اخير (akhir, “last”), from Arabic آخِر (ʔāḵir, “last; end”).


hadiah

From Malay hadiah, from Arabic هَدِيَّة (hadiyya, “gift”).


khawatir

From Malay kawatir, khawatir, khuatir, kuatir, from Classical Malay خواطر (kawatir), خواطر (khawatir), خواطر (khuatir), from Arabic خَوَاطِر (ḵawāṭir, “thoughts”).

kawatir (alternative)
kuatir (alternative)

Jangan khawatir.


junjung

head

junjung (active menjunjung, passive dijunjung)

menjunjung (active)
dijunjung (passive)
djoendjoeng (alternative)
djundjung (alternative)

Inherited from Malay junjung, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zuŋzuŋ.

[ˈd͡ʒun.d͡ʒʊŋ]

(transitive) to carry on the head; to uphold

(transitive, figurative) to honour (to show respect for; to recognise the importance or spiritual value of)


junjung

djoendjoeng (alternative)
djundjung (alternative)

[ˈd͡ʒun.d͡ʒʊŋ]

stick (pole, etc.) on which plants grow or twine


sempurna

sêmpurna (canonical)
sempurna (root)
menyempurna (active nominative)
sempurnalah (nominative)
menyempurnai (active)
tersempurnai (passive)
disempurnai (passive)
sempurnai
sempurnailah
menyempurnakan (active)
tersempurnakan (passive)
disempurnakan (passive)
sempurnakan
sempurnakanlah
mempersempurna (active causative nominative)
dipersempurna (causative nominative passive)
persempurnalah (causative nominative)
mempersempurnai (active causative)
dipersempurnai (causative passive)
mempersempurnakan (active causative)
dipersempurnakan (causative passive)
persempurnakan (causative)
persempurnakanlah (causative)

From Malay sempurna, from Sanskrit सम्पूर्ण (sampūrṇa, “complete, entire, whole”).


kesempurnaan

sebuah kesempurnaan yang terdapat di alam semesta

a perfection that is found in the universe

dia telah mencapai kesempurnaan akalnya

he has reached his perfection of mind (maturity)


menyempurnakan

dia sedang menyempurnakan ciptaannya


penyempurnaan

penyempurnaan bangunan yang tak kunjung henti

completion of building that never reaches an end

process of making perfect, complete; perfecting, completing, completion, improvement


penyempurna

Al-Quran adalah penyempurna Kitab-Kitab

Quran is a perfector of The Books (Book that completes all The Books)

one that perfects or completes something, perfector


disempurnakan

Affixed sempurna + di- -kan, from Malay disempurnakan.

telah disempurnakan akhlaknya


tampak

Inherited from Malay tampak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tapak. Doublet of dampak and tapak.

Busana Ayu tampak indah.

Dia tampak kesakitan setelah cedera di perosotan.

He seems in pain after being injured on the slide.


tampak

Bulan sangat tampak di malam ini.


sedalam-dalamnya

tarik nafas sedalam-dalamnya


dalam-dalam

to a deep extent or degree; very greatly

so as to extend far down or far into something

deeply
in a profound, not superficial, manner


mangkok

→ Min Nan: 漫鍋／漫锅 (bān-ko)

Pasti kalian sudah nggak asing lagi dengan lukisan ayam jago yang ada di mangkok mie ayam atau bakso kan? Nah, beberapa waktu belakangan ini, lukisan tersebut justru bisa dilihat di apparel, seperti kaos, topi, bahkan tas.

2017 September 8, Adib Auliawan, “Dipakai Tanpa Ijin, Pemilik Lukisan Ayam Jago Mangkok Mie Ayam Geram [Used Without Permission, Owner of Rooster Painting for Chicken Noodle Bowl Furious]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-11-04:

Surely all of you are not unfamiliar anymore with the rooster paintings that are on bowls of chicken noodle soup or bakso (meatballs) right? Well, in recent times, the painting can actually be seen on apparels such as shirts, hats and even bags.

Di dalam bokor, ada lima mangkok keramik putih dan biru, diameter 12 cm. Empat mangkok dalam kondisi utuh dan satu lagi pecah.

2017 December 19, Diaz Azminatul Abidin, “Temuan Benda Kuno Disimpan di Rumah Eko [Discovery of Ancient Objects Stored at Eko Warno's House]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-11-04:

Inside the bokor (wide-sided bowl made of metal), there were five bowls made of white and blue ceramic, that are 12 cm in diameter. Four bowls were in intact condition and one more was broken.

Alternative spelling of mangkuk (“bowl”)


mangkok

Polyscias scutellaria (decorative plant with edible leaves)


paking

Borrowed from Dutch pakking, from Middle Dutch packinge.


palang

Reconstructed as peng- + alang, halang (“to obstruct”), from Malay palang, from Old Javanese palaṅ (“crossbeam”), pa- + alaṅ, halaṅ (“obstruct”) (compare Javanese ꦥꦭꦁ (palang, “obstacle, thwart”)). Doublet of pengalang and penghalang.


tabal

Inherited from Malay tabal (“drum; great ceremonial gathering”), from Arabic طَبْل (ṭabl, “drumming, drumbeat; drum”), from Middle Iranian *tabir, tabil (“drum”).


berbau

From Malay berbau, from Classical Malay berbau. Equivalent to ber- + bau.

Ruangan ini berbau mawar.


membaui

From bau + meng- -i. Attested before 1948.


terbau

From Malay terbau. Equivalent to
From ter- + bau.

akhirnya kejahatan itu terbau juga


mencium

From Malay mencium, from Classical Malay mencium. Equivalent to
From meng- + cium.


dahak

dahak-dahak (plural)
kahak (alternative)
kahak (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahak. Cognate of Tagalog dahak.


kisah

kisah-kisah (plural)
kesah (alternative)

From Malay kisah, from Classical Malay kissah, from Old Malay [Term?], from Arabic قِصَّة (qiṣṣa), possibly via Persian قصه (qesse).


riwayat

From Malay riwayat, from Classical Malay riwayat, from Arabic رِوَايَة (riwāya, “novel, story”).

riwayat penyakit sekarang

(medicine) history: a list of past and continuing medical conditions of an individual or family


majemuk

Inherited from Malay majmuk, from Arabic مَجْمُوع (majmūʕ, “collected, gathered”).

compound (composed of elements; not simple)


mengabadi

to be immortal, to be eternal, to live forever


mengabadikan

para wartawan foto dan televisi mengabadikan upacara pembukaan PON

The photojournalists and television journalists are documenting (taking a picture and recording a video) the opening ceremony of the PON

to document (especially by taking a picture or record a video)


ketidakabadian-ketidakabadian

tidak abadi + ke- -an + tidak abadi + ke- -an


gandu

(dialectal) classifier word for cylindrical objects


kompiler

From Dutch compiler, from Old French compileur, from Latin compīlātōrem, accusative singular of compīlātor, from compīlō + -tor.

(software compilation) a computer program which transforms source code into object code


insaf

From Malay insaf, from Classical Malay insaf, from Arabic إِنْصَاف (ʔinṣāf).

der

Arabic إِنْصَاف (ʔinṣāf)

Mereka tidak insaf akan perubahan zaman

Ia kini telah insaf dan menjauhkan diri dari segala perbuatan tercela.

He has come to his senses and has distanced himself from any shameful acts.

come to one's senses
come to one's senses


Hagai

Hebrew חַגַּי

A book of the Old Testament of the Bible and the Tanakh

(biblical) Hebrew prophet associated with the Book of Haggai


ilahi

Ultimately from Arabic إِلٰهِي (ʔilāhī).


tapak

sole: the bottom or plantar surface of the foot

palm: the inner and somewhat concave part of the human hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers


pundak

Inherited from Malay ڤوندق (pundak), from Javanese ꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦏ꧀ (pundhak), from Old Javanese puṇḍak.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">pundak</i>


laring

From Dutch larynx, from Modern Latin larynx, from Ancient Greek λάρυγξ (lárunx, “larynx; windpipe; gullet, throat”).


kelenjar

gland (organ that synthesizes and secretes substance)


galau

uncertain, confused, mixed-up (of feeling or mind)


saing

(intransitive, always with "ber-") to compete

to be in battle or in a rivalry with another for the same thing, position, or reward; to contend

to take part in a contest, game or similar event


konveks

From Dutch convex, from French convexe, from Latin convexus.


aib

From Malay aib, from Classical Malay عاءيب (aib), from Arabic عَيْب (ʕayb, “disgrace, shame”).


aib

Perasaan malu akibat aib yang terbongkar membuatnya tidak berani keluar rumah.

The feeling of shame due to his disgrace being exposed made him not dare leave the house.


bahagia

From Malay bahagia, from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya). Doublet of bejo.

saat dia datang, seketika aku merasa bahagia

when he arrives, I feel happy immediately


mahar

From Arabic مَهْر (mahr, “marriage portion”), from Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (mithra), from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬋 (miθrō, “covenant, contract, oath”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Doublet of mitra and mohor.

dowry, marriage settlement, marriage portion


bersuami

From Malay bersuami, from Classical Malay bersuami. Equivalent to ber- + suami (“husband”).


mempersuamikan

Akhirnya, dia mempersuamikan anak dari direktur itu

Finally, she/he makes the director's son to be her husband

to make someone become someone's husband


nge-

ng- (alternative)
ny- (alternative mainly)
m- (alternative mainly)
n- (alternative mainly)


nge-

ngê- (canonical)
ng- (alternative)
ny- (alternative mainly)
m- (alternative mainly)
n- (alternative mainly)

hapus (“to delete”) > ngehapus

aduk (“to mix”) > ngaduk

cobain (“to try”) > nyobain

peres (“to squeeze”) > meres

tulis (“to write”) > nulis

(colloquial, chiefly Java) used to mark active subject on a verb. Usually not used in a direct imperative sentence


anom

Inherited from Malay anom, from Javanese ꦲꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (anom), from Old Javanese anom, anwam.

(dialectal, uncommon) Synonym of muda (“young”)


tadi

Tadi ia duduk di sini.

Sejak tadi ia sudah kuperingatkan; dari tadi ia belum duduk

I've reminded him since a moment ago; he has not sat down yet

Malam tadi; pagi tadi; siang tadi

This evening; this morning; this afternoon

this (the time that is close with now, and not in the future):


balig

nonstandard Indonesian (alternative)
Standard Malay (alternative)
bulug (alternative)

From Malay baligh, balig, from Classical Malay بالغ (baligh), بالغ (balig), from Arabic بَالِغ (bāliḡ).


nahu

From Malay nahu, from Arabic نَحْو (naḥw).


buduk

From Malay buduk, from Javanese ꦧꦸꦝꦸꦒ꧀ (budhug, “leprosy”).


buduk

a local dish from Pontianak made out of fermented little fish


bulsak

bulsak-bulsak (plural)
bolsak (alternative)


gadang

From Minangkabau gadang. Doublet of gede.


arek

used as a form of address between friends of the same age


tilang

Blend of bukti (“evidence”) + pelanggaran (“violation”).

blend

(law) citation, traffic violation ticket, or notice to appear


selter

sèltêr (canonical)
selter-selter (plural)

From English shelter, from Middle English sheltron, sheldtrume (“roof or wall formed by locked shields”), from Old English sċildtruma, sċyldtruma (“a phalanx, company (of troops), a tortoise, a covering, shed, shelter”, literally “shield-troop”), from sċyld, sċield (“shield”) + truma (“a troop of soldiers”).


tatal

From Malay tatal, from Classical Malay تاتل (tatal), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tatal.
Or alternatively from Tamil தடல் (taṭal, “flake, peel, splinter”).

der

wood chips that are laid (crushed); thin trash


hanacaraka

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦤꦕꦫꦏ (hanacaraka).

the traditional arrangement of the letters of the Javanese and Balinese scripts


yakiniku

From Japanese 焼肉(やきにく) (yakiniku, literally “grilled meat”).

ja-r

(cooking) yakiniku: a style of cooking bite-size meat (usually beef and offal) and vegetables on gridirons or griddles over a flame of wood charcoals carbonized by dry distillation (sumibi, 炭火) or a gas/electric grill


handak

(law enforcement) Acronym of bahan peledak (“explosive”).


langkah

From Malay langkah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋkaq (compare Niuean laka, Samoan laʻa).

pace: an advance or movement made from one foot to the other

the space passed over by one movement of the foot in walking or running

a distinct part of a process; stage; phase

motor dua langkah


menang

From Malay menang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?]. Doublet of wewenang.


berbuah

fruited (containing fruit; bearing fruit)


berbuah

(transitive) to fruit (to produce fruit)


bertiup

(intransitive) to blow (to produce an air current)


menyesal

Inherited from Malay menyesal. Equivalent to meng- + sesal.


jentik

[d͡ʒənˈtɪk̚]


jentik

jêntik (canonical)
jentik-jentik (plural)

[d͡ʒənˈtɪk̚]


jentik

[d͡ʒənˈtɪk̚]


jentik

[d͡ʒənˈtɪk̚]


panjang tangan

Inherited from Malay panjang tangan (“hands are long”).


head

From Malay di mana bumi dipijak, di situ langit dijunjung. Literally "where the feet touch the ground, there the sky held up".

inh

when in Rome, do as the Romans do
when in Rome, do as the Romans do


tutup mulut

Compound of tutup (“to close; to cover”) + mulut (“mouth”).


tutup

tutup (root)
menutup (active nominative)
tertutup (nominative passive)
ditutup (nominative passive)
tutup (nominative)
tutuplah (nominative)
menutupkan (active)
tertutupkan (passive)
ditutupkan (passive)
tutupkan
tutupkanlah
mempertutupkan (active causative)
terpertutupkan (causative passive)
dipertutupkan (causative passive)
pertutupkan (causative)
pertutupkanlah (causative)

Inherited from Malay tutup, from Proto-Malayic *tutup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup.
Cognates
Cognate with Javanese tutup, Minangkabau tutuik, Tagalog tutop.

to move a thing, or part of a thing, nearer to another so that the gap or opening between the two is removed

to cover (to place something over or upon, as to) conceal or protect


tutup

closed (not operating or conducting trade)


tutup

cover (the front and back of a book, magazine, CD package, etc.)


bertambah

Affixed ber- + tambah, from Malay bertambah.


kutu buku

From kutu (“louse”) + buku (“book”), probably calque from Chinese 書蟲／书虫 (shūchóng, “bookworm”, literally “book + insect/bug”).


meletakkan

meletakkan jabatannya


pembasuh mulut

From pembasuh (“washer”) + mulut (“mouth”).

(chiefly formal) Synonym of pencuci mulut (“dessert”)


bunga matahari

id-noun

bunga matahari (plural bunga-bunga matahari)

Compound of bunga (“flower”) + matahari (“sun”), inherited from Malay bunga matahari.


eau de cologne

Unadapted borrowing from French eau de Cologne.

ubor

cologne (a type of perfume consisting of 2-5% essential oils, 70-90% alcohol and water)


bubur

From Malay bubur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀbuʀ.

(cooking, literally) congee; gruel; porridge


aberan

Borrowed from Dutch aberrant (“aberrant”), from Latin aberrāns.


simpulan

Affixed simpul (“knot”) + -an.
* Inherited from Malay simpulan (“knot”).
* Sense of conclusion, semantic loan from Chinese 結論／结论 (“conclusion”, literally “knot, to bear + measure, to bind”).

zh-l

(Standard Malay)


jaya

Inherited from Malay jaya, from Classical Malay jaya, from Sanskrit जय (jaya, “victory”).


jaya

Unknown, probably Javanese [Term?] or Old Javanese [Term?].


tongkat

tongkat-tongkat (plural)
tungkat (alternative)

Inherited from Malay tongkat, from Proto-Austronesian *tuked.


kaing

kaing-kaing (plural)
kuing (alternative)


RPL

(education) Initialism of rekognisi pembelajaran lampau (“recognition of prior learning”).

rekayasa perangkat lunak
rekayasa perangkat lunak#Indonesian

(computing, engineering) Initialism of rekayasa perangkat lunak (“software engineering”).


pasang

(obsolete except in some compounds) to rise


pasang

head

pasang (active memasang, passive dipasang)