mencela

From Malay mencela, from Classical Malay mencela. Equivalent to
From meng- + cela.

(transitive, intransitive) to criticize (to indicate faults in a disapproving way)

(transitive) to repudiate (to reject the truth or validity of something)


anteng

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦁ (anteng), from Old Javanese antĕṅ.

tranquil, calm (peaceful, quiet, especially free from anger and anxiety)

(of children) not capricious, not fickle, obedient

homebody, stay-at-home (that prefers to remain at home, rather than participate in social events elsewhere)


mencacat

From Malay mencacat. Equivalent to
From meng- + cacat.


membantah

head

membantah (base-imperative bantah, active membantah, ordinary passive dibantah, adversative passive terbantah)

From Malay membantah,
from Classical Malay membantah. Equivalent to
From meng- + bantah.

(transitive, intransitive) to oppose, to disobey (to fail to obey someone in authority)

(transitive) to dispute, to contest (to oppose an opinion or theory as mistaken or wrong)


mengemuka

(intransitive) to come to the fore, to emerge, to surface


mengemukakan

(transitive, physical) to advance (to move something forward)

(transitive) to put forward, to advance (to propose something for consideration)


mengusulkan

(transitive) to propose, to submit (to put forward for consideration or discussion)


mengajukan

(transitive) to propose, to submit, to advance (to put forward for consideration or discussion)

(transitive, of a witness) to produce, to bring forward

(transitive, of troops) to send in (to arrange to go to a place)


mengetengahkan

(transitive, physical) to middle (to move towards the middle)

(transitive) to submit, to raise, to advance (to put forward for consideration or discussion)


mengutarakan

From Malay mengutarakan, from utara + meng- -kan.

(transitive, of feelings, emotions etc.) to express, to pour out


letus

From Malay letus, from Classical Malay letus.


letus

From English lettuce, from Middle English letuse.


ejaan

éjaan (canonical)
ejaan-ejaan (plural)
edjaan (alternative)
edjaän (alternative)

ejaan baru


tokoh

menokohkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menokohi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

pertokohan [causative passive + resultative

(rare) shape (the appearance of something, especially its outline)

figure, physique (the natural constitution or physical structure of a person)

figure, notable (an important or well-known person)

character (a being involved in the action of a story)


-wi

-i (alternative)
-iah (alternative)
-ni (alternative)
-wiah (alternative)

Inherited from Malay -wi, from Arabic nisba suffix ـِيّ (-iyy).

adjective suffix (with the meaning “related to ...”)


kapalan

Affixed kapal + -an, from Betawi kapalan. Cognate of Tagalog kapalán (“to make something thicker”).

cog

to have thickening skin (lichenification)


isama

ishoma (alternative)
isoma (alternative)
ISHOMA (alternative)


kowe

(Java, slang) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


kumpulan

Affixed kumpul + -an, inherited from Malay kumpulan.


buldoser

buldosêr (canonical)
buldoser-buldoser (plural)
buldozer (alternative)


ayun

From Malay ayun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ayun (“to swing, oscillate”), from Proto-Austronesian *ayun (“to swing, oscillate”).

inh

swing, swinging: the act or motion of that which swings


sarap

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">sarap</i>

→ Malay: سارڤ (sarap)

Alternative form of menyarap (“to eat breakfast”)

(obsolete) Alternative form of menyarap (“to cover with thin covering”)


sarap

Alternation of saraf. An analogy, 'the crazy people' associate to nerves problem.

Nonstandard spelling of saraf (“nerve”).


sarap

→ Malay: سارڤ (sarap)


sarap

Inherited from Malay سارڤ (sarap, “dust, fine dirt”). Cognate of Ngaju sahep (“fallen leaf”).

inh+

(dermatology, pathology) seborrheic dermatitis: a dermatological disease in child and baby


canoyu

Borrowed from Japanese 茶の湯 (chanoyu, “tea ceremony”).


abangan

Probably cognate of Tagalog abangan (“ambush”).


abangan

Affixed abang (“red”) + -an, from Javanese ꦲꦧꦔꦤ꧀ (abangan).

abangan: Javanese Muslim who practice a much more syncretic version of Islam than the more orthodox santri


bakteri

baktéri (canonical)
bakteri-bakteri (plural)

From Dutch bacterie (“bacterium”), from bacterium, from New Latin bactērium, from Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”), from βακτηρία (baktēría), from Proto-Indo-European *bak-.


apendiks

From Dutch appendix, from Latin appendix.

a text added to the end of a book or an article, containing additional information

(anatomy) the vermiform appendix, an inner organ that can become inflamed


berjibaku

Affixed ber- (“doing something”) + Japanese 自爆(じばく) (jibaku, “self-explosion; suicide bombing”).

ja-r

to explode or destruct oneself; to commit a suicide bombing

(colloquial) to do something desperately.


gakari

Borrowed from Japanese 係(がかり) (-gakari, “person in charge”, suffix).


pispot

From Dutch pispot, from Middle Dutch pispot.

chamber pot, a container used for urination and defecation


puak

From Malay puak,
* from Thai พวก (pûuak, “group, party”).
* from Chinese Hokkien 般 (poaⁿ, “class”).
Compare Tagalog kapuwa.


yohimbina

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) yohimbine: a toxic crystalline compound obtained from the bark of the yohimbe tree, used as an adrenergic blocking agent and also as an aphrodisiac in the treatment of impotence


visiun

From Dutch visioen, from Middle Dutch visioen, from Old French vision, from Latin visio (“vision, seeing”), noun of action from the perfect passive participle visus (“that which is seen”), from videre (“to see”, verb) + -io (action noun suffix). Doublet of visi.

vision, something dreamlike or imaginary thought to be seen; mystical experience


lambung

lambung-lambung (plural)
lembung (alternative)

Borrowed from Minangkabau lambung (“stomach”) and Javanese ꦭꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁ (lambung, “side, flank”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *buŋ (“belly”), *buŋ, *uŋ (“to swell, bulge”). Compare to Old Javanese lambuṅ (“side, flank”).

bor

(anatomy) an organ in animals that stores food in the process of digestion


lambung

Inherited from Malay lambung (“to bounce”).


lambung

Sasak ethnicity female traditional cloth


madani

Inherited from Malay madani, from Arabic مَدَنِيّ (madaniyy).


kawanan

id-noun

kawanan (plural kawanan-kawanan or para kawanan)

kawanan-kawanan (plural)
para kawanan (plural)


jamas

From Javanese ꦗꦩꦱ꧀ (jamas, “to wash the hair”).


punai

green pigeon (any member of the genus Treron of the pigeon family)


pinjaman

an act or instance of lending, an act or instance of granting something for temporary use

a sum of money or other property that a natural or legal person borrows from another with the condition that it be returned or repaid over time or at a later date (sometimes with interest)

(linguistics) borrowing, loanword: a borrowed word, adopted from a foreign language


pidato

From Malay pidato, from Minangkabau pidato, probably from Old Javanese pradata (“communication; explanation”), likely from Sanskrit प्र- (pra-, “act of”) + धट (dhaṭa, “ordeal by the balance”). Doublet of perdata. Another possible origin would be from a form related to Balinese ᬧᬶᬤᬭ᭄ᬢ (pidarta, “speech”) and Old Javanese padārtha (“meaning, explanation, content”), from Sanskrit पदार्थ (padārtha, “meaning of a word, substance”).


tebus

head

têbus (active menebus, passive ditebus, perefective passive tertebus)

têbus (canonical)
menebus (active)
ditebus (passive)
teboes (alternative)

Inherited from Malay tebus, from Proto-Malayic *təbus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təbus.
Cognates
Cognate with Toba Batak tobus, Tagalog tubos, Cebuano tubos, Kisar keuhu.

to recover ownership of something by buying it back

(transitive) to redeem
to liberate by payment of a ransom

(transitive) to redeem
to clear, release from debt or blame

(finance) to convert (some bond or security) into cash

to save from a state of sin (and from its consequences)

to restore the honour, worth, or reputation of oneself or something


sepul

From Dutch spoel, from Middle Dutch spoele, from Old Dutch *spuola, from Proto-Germanic *spōlǭ.


sentul

sêntul (canonical)
sentul-sentul (plural)

Inherited from Malay sentul (“santol or cottonfruit”).

inh+

Sandoricum koetjape (santol or cottonfruit), a tropical Asian fruit tree


anak-anakan

From anak + -an with reduplication at the base word.


kedua

Usage: To be placed after the noun, with or without word "yang", without a relevant difference in meaning.

Usage: To be placed before the noun.

Note: Similar words can be constructed even for numbers higher than 2 and lower than 100, without a direct equivalent in English: keempat = "those four".


kedua

Jembatan ini yang kedua terpanjang di dunia.

This bridge is the next longest one in the world.


pemain

Affixed peng- + main (“to play”), inherited from Malay pemain.


permainan

Inherited from Malay permainan. Equivalent to main + per- -an.

game (a playful or competitive activity)


poin

From English point, from Middle English point, from Old French point, pointe, from Latin punctum, puncta. Doublet of ponten.


surat kabar

From Malay surat khabar, a calque of Dutch nieuwsblad (“newspaper”). Equivalent to compound of surat (“document”) + kabar (“news”). Popularised by Soerat Kabar Bahasa Melaijoe in 1856.

com+

surat khabar (alternative Malaysia Singapore)
soerat chabar (alternative)


gangsal

From Javanese ꦒꦁꦱꦭ꧀ (gangsal). Cognate with Tagalog gansal.

(mathematics, chiefly Java) odd (numerically indivisible by two)


fengsui

fengsui-fengsui (plural)
hongsui (alternative)

From Mandarin 風水／风水 (fēngshuǐ, “wind and water”). Doublet of hongsui.

an ancient Chinese system of designing buildings and space arrangement according to special rules about the flow of energy, aimed at achieving harmony with the environment

in Chinese mythology, a system of spiritual energies, both good and evil, present in the natural features of landscapes


hongsui

From Hokkien 風水／风水 (hong-súi, “wind and water”). Doublet of fengsui.

Alternative spelling of fengsui (“feng shui”)


kampai

Borrowed from Japanese 完敗(かんぱい) (kanpai, “absolute defeat”).


orasi

From Dutch oratie, from Latin ōrātiō, ōrātiōnem, from ōrō (“I orate”) + -ātiō (“action (nominalizer)”).

(education) inaugural speech of a new professor

oration: formal speech
inaugural speech of a new professor


ciu

From Hokkien 酒 (chiú, “alcoholic beverage; liquor”).


ciu

shrike-babbler (a songbird of the genus Pteruthius)


acik

acik-acik (plural)
aceuk (alternative)
aci (alternative)

From Hokkien 阿姊 (a-chí, a-ché, á-chí, “elder sister”) or Hakka 阿姊 (â-chí, â-chè, â-che, “elder sister”). Compare Tagalog atsi / ate, Kapampangan atsi.


akeo

From Hakka 阿哥 (â-kô, “elder brother”). Doublet of ako and engkoh.


amoi

amoi-amoi (plural)
amoy (alternative nonstandard)

From Zhangzhou Hokkien 阿妹 (a-mōe, “younger sister”).


angciu

From Hokkien 紅酒 /红酒 (âng-chiú, “red wine”).


anghun

From Hokkien 紅薰 /红薰 (âng-hun, literally “red smoke”), from Hokkien 紅 /红 (âng, “red”) + 薰 (hun, “smoke”).


angkak

From Hokkien 紅麴 /红曲 (âng-khak, “red yeast”), as in 紅／红 (âng, “red”) + 麴／曲 (khak, “yeast”).


anglung

From Hokkien 紅樓 /红楼 (âng-lô͘, literally “red building”), from Hokkien 紅 /红 (âng, “red”) + 樓 /楼 (lô͘, “building”).


apak

From Malay hapak, apak, from Classical Malay هاڤق (hapak), اڤق (apak).


apak

From Minangkabau apak (“father”), ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa.


bakor

badan koordinasi
badan koordinasi#Indonesian

Acronym of badan koordinasi (“coordination body”).


taiso

Borrowed from Japanese 體操, 体操(たいそう) (taisō, “gymnastics, exercises”, literally “body control”).


gongyo

Borrowed from Japanese 勤行(ごんぎょう) (gongyō, “religious (Buddhist) service”), from 勤(ごん) (gon, “diligence, become employed, serve”) + 行(ぎょう) (gyō, “going, journey”).

(Buddhism) Religious service practiced by Nichiren Buddhists


gunseibu

gunséibu (canonical)
gunseibu-gunseibu (plural)

Borrowed from Japanese 軍政部(ぐんせいぶ) (gunseibu, “military government”), from 軍政 (ぐんせい, gunsei, “military government”) + 部 (ぶ, bu, “division, bureau”).


gunseikan

Borrowed from Japanese 軍政官(ぐんせいかん) (gunseikan, “military government official”), from 軍政 (ぐんせい, gunsei, “military government”) + 官 (かん, kan, “government official”).

(historical) Japanese military government official


heiho

Borrowed from Japanese 兵補 (へいほ, heiho, “auxiliaries”), from 兵 (へい, hei, “soldier, weapon, war”) + 補 (ほ, ho, “supplement, assistant”).


kempetai

Borrowed from Japanese 憲兵隊(けんぺいたい) (kenpeitai, “regiment of military policemen”), from 憲兵 (けんぺい, kenpei, “military police officer”) + 隊 (たい, tai, “squadron, team, group”).

the Kenpeitai, Japan's military police and secret police force from 1881 to 1945


oritsuru

Borrowed from Japanese 折鶴 (おりづる, orizuru, “origami paper crane”), from 折り (おり, ori, “to fold”) + 鶴 (つる, tsuru, “crane (bird)”).


takeyari

takéyari (canonical)
takeyari-takeyari (plural)

Borrowed from Japanese 竹槍(たけやり) (takeyari, “bamboo spear”), from 竹 (たけ, take, “bamboo”) + 槍 (やり, yari, “spear, lance, javeline”).


romusya

Borrowed from Japanese 労務者(ろうむしゃ) (rōmusha), from 労務 (ろうむ, rōmu, “labor, work”) + 者 (しゃ, sha, “person”).

romusa (alternative)
romusha (alternative)


seinendan

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 青年団 (せいねんだん, seinendan, “youth association”), from 青年 (せいねん, seinen, “youth”) + 団 (だん, dan, “group, team, gang”).

ubor

(military, historical) militarized youth group

(military, obsolete) Synonym of karang taruna (“neighborhood youth association”)


sinse

sinsé (plural)
sengsai (alternative)
singse (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien 先生 (sin-seⁿ, “doctor; physician; teacher”), from 先 (sin, “earlier; first”) + 生 (seⁿ, “to be born”). Compare Japanese 先生 (sensei, “teacher; elder”). Doublet of sensei.

bor+

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine) traditional Chinese medicine doctor


sengsai

sèngsai (canonical)
sengsai-sengsai (plural)
sinse (alternative)
singse (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien 先生 (sin-seⁿ, “doctor; physician; teacher”), from 先 (sin, “earlier; first”) + 生 (seⁿ, “to be born”). Compare Japanese 先生 (sensei, “teacher; elder”).

(informal) alternative spelling of sinse (“shaman, traditional Chinese medicine doctor”)


sengsai

sêngsai (canonical)
sengsai-sengsai (plural)


singse

singsê (canonical)
singse-singse (plural)
sengsai (alternative)
sinse (alternative)


subuco

Borrowed from Japanese 部長 (ぶちょう, buchō, “departmental chief”).

der

Setibanya di lapangan terbang Kemayoran, kami disambut subuco.

When [we] arrived at Kemayoran airfield, we welcomed by Japanese officer.


tobang

From Japanese 当番(とうばん) (tōban, “being on duty”).


tobang

Channa striata
Channa striata#Translingual


daidan

Borrowed from Japanese 大団 (だいだん, daidan), which is from 大 (だい, dai, “big”) + 団 (だん, dan, “group, team, gang”).


daidanco

Borrowed from Japanese 大団長 (だいだんちょう, daidanchō), which is from 大 (だい, dai, “big”) + 団 (だん, dan, “group, team, gang”) + 長 (ちょう, chō, “chief, head, leader”).


syogun

syogun-syogun (plural)
shogun (alternative)

shogun (supreme generalissimo of feudal Japan)


kumico

From Japanese 組長(くみちょう) (kumichō, “head of a group”), whence kumi can also be from 隣組 (tonarigumi, “neighborhood association”).

(archaic) neighborhood association chief


doktorandus

Borrowed from Dutch doctorandus, from Latin doctorandus (“who will become a doctor”).

(historical) doctorandus, person who pass the bachelor exam. (drs. (prefix title))


doktoranda

Borrowed from Dutch doctoranda, from Latin doctoranda (“she who will become a doctor”).

(historical) female equivalent of doktorandus


pesumo

(sports) Japanese traditional wrestler (sumo)


auban

Borrowed from Hokkien 拗蠻／拗蛮 (áu-bân, “stubborn and unreasonable person”).


meng- -kan

used to form adjectives that denoting the presence of a quality in any degree (typically abundance of)


tatap

(transitive) to stare; basic/imperative of menatap


sakaw

(colloquial) Alternative spelling of sakau


kungkung

head

kungkung (active mengungkung, passive dikungkung)

mengungkung (active)
dikungkung (passive)

(transitive) to shackle (to restrain using shackles; to place in shackles)


bacang

From Xiamen Hokkien 肉粽 (bah-chàng), from 肉 (bah, “meat, flesh; pork”) + 粽 (chàng, “zongzi”).


bakiak

From Xiamen Hokkien 木屐 (ba̍k-kia̍h, “clogs”).


bakpia

From Xiamen Hokkien 肉餅／肉饼 (bah-piáⁿ, “meat patty”), from 肉 (bah, “meat, flesh; pork”) + 餅／饼 (piáⁿ, “round flat cake; cookie; cake”).

zh-l

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual


baktau

From Hokkien 媌頭 /媌头 (bâ-thâu), from 媌 (bâ, “prostitute”) + 頭／头 (thâu, “chief; boss; leader”).


bakwan

From Hokkien 肉圓 /肉圆 (bah-oân, “meatball”) or 肉丸 (bah-oân, “meatball”).

a kind of fritter from vegetables and wheat flour


banci

From Malay banci, from Javanese ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ (banci, “effeminate man; asexual person”), from Old Javanese wañci (“timid, shy; character; deceitful”), from bañcana, wañcana (“deception, deceitful”), from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “deceiving, trickery”). Doublet of bencana.

der

(derogatory) waria: a member of Indonesia's traditional transfeminine third gender category


banci

From Malay banci, from Sanskrit वाशी (vāśī, “adze, chisel”), from Tamil வாச்சி (vācci, “adze”).

(dialectal) a big pickaxe to chip or to hew


banci

From Malay banci, from Sanskrit पञ्जी (pañjī, “register”). Doublet of panji. Compare with Thai บัญชี (ban-chii), Khmer បញ្ជី (bɑɑbɑñcii), Javanese wanci (“time”).


karategi

From Japanese 空手着 (からてぎ, karategi), from Japanese 空手 (からて, karate, “karate”) + 着 (ぎ, -gi, “clothes, outfit, uniform”, suffix).


keibodan

From Japanese 警防団 (けいぼうだん, keibōdan, “civil defense unit”).


onagata

From Japanese 女形 (おんながた, onnagata, “onnagata”).

(drama) onnagata, male actor who plays female roles in kabuki theater


mocitsuki

From Japanese 餅搗き (もちつき, mochitsuki, “pounding mochi”), from Japanese 餅 (もち, mochi) + Japanese 搗 (つく, tsuku, “pounding”).

pounding mochi as part of Japanese New Year


lemari

lêmari (canonical)
lemari-lemari (plural)

→ Malay: lemari

Borrowed from Javanese ꦊꦩꦫꦶ (lemari, “cupboard; wardrobe”), from Portuguese armário (“cupboard”), from Latin armārium. Cognate of Malay almari, lemari, Classical Malay الماري (almari), لماري (lemari). Doublet of almari.


keuskupan

Affixed uskup + ke- -an, from Malay keuskupan.


karcis

karcis-karcis (plural)
kartjis (alternative)

From Dutch kaartjes, the plural form of kaartje (“ticket”), the diminutive of kaart, from Middle Dutch cāerte, from Old French carte, from Latin charta. Doublet of kartu.

a pass entitling the holder to admission to a show, concert, etc.

a pass entitling the holder to board a train, a bus, a plane, or other means of transportation

Penonton dapat memperoleh informasi pembelian karcis melalui media elektronik, poster, atau internet.

The viewer can get the ticket information from electronic media, poster or internet.


barah

Inherited from Malay barah, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).


kacamata

kacamata-kacamata (plural)
kaca mata (alternative nonstandard)

From kaca (“glass”) + mata (“eye”) (compare Malay kaca mata).


kacamata

white-eye (any of the passerine birds of the family Zosteropidae)


kendala

kêndala (canonical)
kendala-kendala (plural)
gendala (alternative)
gendala (alternative)

From Malay kendala (Standard Malay gendala), from Sanskrit कन्दल (kandala).


tekidanto

From Japanese 擲弾筒(てきだんとう) (tekidantō, “grenade launcher”).


bantuan

bantuan-bantuan (plural)
bantoean (alternative)

From Malay bantuan, from Classical Malay bantuan. Equivalent to bantu + -an.

(education) bursary: a monetary award to university students that allows them to continue their studies


cermin mata

From cermin (“mirror”) + mata (“eye”) (compare Malay cermin mata).


berkacamata

ber- (“to use; to wear”) + kacamata (“spectacles; glasses”) (compare Malay berkaca mata).

prefix

bespectacled (wears spectacles or glasses)


pertempuran

pêrtêmpuran (canonical)
pertempuran-pertempuran (plural)

Affixed tempur + per- -an, inherited from Malay pertempuran (“battle”).


pertanyaan

pêrtanyaan (canonical)
pertanyaan-pertanyaan (plural)

From tanya + per- -an, from Malay pertanyaan.


ponsel

ponsèl (canonical)
ponsel-ponsel (plural)

From contraction of telepon seluler, from English cellular telephone.


acuan

Affixed acu + -an, from Malay acuan, from Classical Malay اچوان (acuan).

reference: a measurement one can compare to


-ena

From English -ene, from the Ancient Greek -ηνός (-ēnós) feminine patronymic suffix.

(organic chemistry) an unsaturated hydrocarbon having at least one double bond; an alkene

(organic chemistry) an aromatic hydrocarbon based on benzene


-ena

From English -ene. Derived from graphene, expressing its monolayer characteristic.

a single-atom thick two-dimensional layer of atoms


-kah

Bisakah saya tidur?

added to modal verbs and adverbs in questions

interrogative words
question word#English

added to interrogative words for emphasis


sabuk

belt (a band worn around the waist to hold clothing to one's body)

belt (a band used as a restraint for safety purposes)

(astronomy) belt (a collection of rocky-constituted bodies which orbit a star)


sampah

persampahan [causative passive + resultative

to consider sth as rubbish; peR- + meN- + -kan

memersampahkan [causative passive + agent focus + causative benefactive]

penyampahan [agentive

process of turning sth into rubbish; peN- + -an

discarded items that are of no use (rubbish; garbage; junk; trash; waste)


PSN

Proyek Strategis Nasional
w:National Strategic Project

Initialism of Proyek Strategis Nasional (literally “national strategic project”).


penyampah

penyampah makanan

Dia adalah penyampah yang membuang kaleng minuman kosong di lapangan stadion.

He is the litterbug that dumped empty drinking cans on the stadium field.

litterbug (one who tends to drop litter and not pick it up)


menyampah

From meng- + sampah (“rubbish”). Not inherited from the identical Malay menyampah (“to loathe”).

penyampahan

process of turning sth into rubbish; littering

(intransitive, literally) to let something become rubbish

(transitive) to litter; to make something dirty


natrium hidroksida

id-noun

natrium hidroksida (plural natrium-natrium hidroksida)

From natrium (“sodium”) + hidroksida (“hydroxide”).


pelajar

From Malay pelajar. Equivalent to dissimilated per- + ajar (“to teach”).

Indonesia merupakan negara kesembilan. Namun kini pelajar Jerman justru memilih Indonesia sebagai tempat pertukaran pelajar. Saat berada di Kota Salatiga para pelajar Jerman itu dikenalkan dengan berbagai pengetahuan dan budaya daerah setempat.

2017 October 5, “Pelajar Jerman Motivasi Siswa SMP 4 Salatiga [German students motivate junior high school students from SMP 4 Salatiga]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-15:

Indonesia was the ninth country (of their choice). However, German students now choose Indonesia instead as the place for student exchange. During their time at Kota Salatiga, the German students were introduced to various knowledge and culture of the local region.

secondary school
secondary school#English

murid

student in preschool to senior high school

mahasiswi

student enrol in an institution of higher education


kalor

Learned borrowing from Latin calor (“warmth, heat; glow”).

learned borrowing

heat:
the condition or quality of being hot


pencemaran

From cemar (“dirty”) + peng- -an, the sense in law is a semantic loan from Dutch smaad.

pencemaran lingkungan

pencemaran sungai

pencemaran udara

Dua sungai, Kali Premulung dan Kali Jenes, bahkan tergolong tercemar berat. "Pencemaran air sungai sudah melebihi ambang batas, sesuai kajian daya dukung dan daya tampung sungai." Merujuk hasil kajian di sejumlah sungai, air Kali Premulung dan Kali Jenes sudah tidak layak digunakan untuk pengairan pertanian ataupun perikanan. Sebab kandungan zat kimia dari pencemaran limbah batik sudah terlampau tinggi.

2017 October 3, “Dua Sungai Alami Pencemaran Berat [Two Rivers Sustain Heavy Pollution]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-17:

Two rivers, Kali Premulung and Kali Jenes, were even classified as heavily polluted. "Pollution of river water has exceeded threshold levels, according to studies on the (ecological) carrying capacity of the river." Based on the results of the study on a number of rivers, water from Kali Premulung River and Kali Jenes River are no longer suitable to be used for agricultural irrigation or fishery purposes because the chemical contents caused by pollution of batik waste is too high.

polusi


cukong

→ English: cukong

Soal cukong sebenarnya jadi ribut bukan karena cukong ini orang Tionghoa atau keturunan Tionghoa.

The cukong problem is not caused by the Chinese or Chinese descendant aspect.

cukong, especially from Chinese or their descendants


mecin

From Cantonese 味精 (mei⁶ zing¹), from a genericized trademark of Tien Chu Ve-Tsin food company. The "味精" trademark itself ultimately comes from Japanese 味(み)精(せい) (misei). Doublet of micin.

mecin bikin bodoh


banji

From Malay banji from Hokkien 卍字 (bān-jī, “swastika pattern”), a pattern used in latticework.


barongsai

barongsai-barongsai (plural)
baronsai (alternative)

Compound of barong + Hokkien 獅 /狮 (sai, “lion”), a partial calque of Hokkien 弄獅 /弄狮 (lāng-sai, “lion dance”).

pclq

lion dance (traditional Chinese dance where performers mimic a lion's movements in a lion costume)


baronsai

baronsai-baronsai (plural)
barongsai (alternative standard)

(nonstandard) Alternative form of barongsai


langcia

langcia-langcia (plural)
lanca (alternative)
lancia (alternative formal)
langca (alternative)

From Hokkien 人車 /人车 (lâng-chhia, “rickshaw”).


langca

langca-langca (plural)
lanca (alternative)
lancia (alternative formal)
langcia (alternative)


konservatisme

From Dutch conservatisme. Reanalysed as konservatif + -isme.


kermi

kêrmi (canonical)
kermi-kermi (plural)
kremi (alternative)
keremi (alternative)

From Sanskrit कृमि (kṛmi, “worm”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kŕ̥miṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”).


jelas

jêlas (canonical)
terjelas (superlative)

From Malay jelas, from Proto-Malayic *jəlas. Compare Minangkabau jaleh, Kerinci jeleh.


aneka

From Malay aneka, from Classical Malay انيك (aneka), from Pali aneka, from Sanskrit अनेक (aneka).


susyi

susyi-susyi (plural)
sushi (alternative nonstandard)

(cooking) sushi: vinegared rice served with fish or vegetables, etc


sancan

From Hokkien 三層 /三层 (saⁿ-chân, “pork belly”, literally “three layers”). Doublet of samcan.


samcan

From Hokkien 三層 /三层 (sam-chân, “pork belly”, literally “three layers”). Doublet of sancan.

(cooking) alternative spelling of sancan (“beef flank”)


imlek

From Hokkien 陰曆／阴历 (im-le̍k, “lunar calendar”).


syuriken

syurikèn (canonical)
syuriken-syuriken (plural)

From Japanese 手裏剣(しゅりけん) (shuriken, literally “in the hand blade”).

ja-r

(weaponry) shuriken, a dart or throwing blade, sometimes with multiple points, used as a weapon by ninja (or samurai)


romusa

romusha (alternative)
romusya (alternative)

Borrowed from Japanese 勞務者(ろうむしゃ) (rōmusha).


kopling

Borrowed from Dutch koppeling (“clutch”).

bor+

(engineering, by extension) clutch pedal


guru besar

guru bêsar (canonical)
guru-guru besar (plural)

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

Compound of guru (“teacher”) + besar (“big”), calque of Dutch hoogleraar (“professor”, literally “big + teacher”).

calque

Ia melanjutkan, Prof Winarni merupakan guru besar ke- 15 di FPIK dan satu diantara dua guru besar wanita di fakultas tersebut. Sementara Prof Syafrudin merupakan guru besar aktif ke- 23 di Fakultas Teknik. Sedangkan Prof Naili merupakan guru besar aktif Fakultas ISIP yang keempat di mana tiga di antaranya wanita.

2018 October 25, Puthut Ami Luhur, “Undip Kukuhkan Tiga Guru Besar Sekaligus [Universitas Diponegoro (Undip) Inaugurates Three Professors at Once]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-25:

He proceeded (to explain) that Prof. Winami is the 15th professor in FPIK and one of the two female professors in the faculty, while Prof. Syafrudin is the 23rd active professor in the Faculty of Engineering, whereas Prof. Naili is the fourth active professor of the ISIP Faculty where three of them are women.

professor (most senior rank for an academic at a university)

senior teacher, lecturer or researcher working at an institution of higher education


abonemen

abonêmèn (canonical)
abonemen-abonemen (plural)

→ Malay: abonemen

Borrowed from Dutch abonnement (“subscription”), from French abonnement.


peti es

Compound of peti (“box”) + es (“ice”), calque of Dutch ijskast (“refrigerator”, literally “ice cupboard”).


à corps perdu

Unadapted borrowing from French à corps perdu (“impetuously, desperately”, literally “with lost body”).


cerai-berai

From Malay cerai-berai, equivalent to
reduplication of cerai.


tampil

From Malay tampil, from Classical Malay tampil (“come forward”).


telaah

From Arabic مُطَالَعَة (muṭālaʕa, “study”), طَالَعَ (ṭālaʕa). Doublet of telah.


amonium

amonium-amonium (plural)
ammonium (alternative)

Internationalism, from English ammonium.


gerilya

gerilya-gerilya (plural)
gerila (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch guerrilla, from Spanish guerrilla.

(military) guerrilla war; guerrilla warfare


perkataan

pêrkataan (canonical)
perkataan-perkataan (plural)


borat

borat-borat (plural)
borik (alternative)

(inorganic chemistry) borate (the oxyanion BO₃³⁻ or any of several more complex derivatives)

borat (a salt or ester formed by the combination of boric acid with a base or positive radical)


akselerator

akselêrator (canonical)
akselerator-akselerator (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from English accelerator.

accelerator (one who, or that which, accelerates)

accelerator (a device for causing acceleration)

particle accelerator
particle accelerator

(physics) accelerator, particle accelerator (a device that accelerates charged subatomic particles)

(physiology) accelerator (a muscle or nerve that speeds the performance of an action)


PKP

penghasilan kena pajak
penghasilan kena pajak#Indonesian

(taxation) Initialism of penghasilan kena pajak.

pengusaha kena pajak
pengusaha kena pajak#Indonesian

(taxation) Initialism of pengusaha kena pajak.


petrus

Compound of penembak (“shooter”) + misterius (“mysterious”).

com

(historical) extrajudicial official executioner

penembakan misterius
penembakan misterius#Indonesian

(historical) Acronym of penembakan misterius (literally “mysterious shooting”).


mengoplos

(informal) to adulterate, mixing with items which decreases the purity and quality


oplosan

Affixed oplos + -an. Attested before 1965.

(now informal) product or solution of crude mixture, often obtained by means of adulteration


pengoplos

(informal) a person who manufacture attenuated or adulterated products

(informal, by extension) a person who makes moonshines


polisi tidur

From polisi + tidur. Calque of English sleeping policeman.


polisi syariah

From polisi (“police”) + syariah (“shari'a”).


korupsi

→ Musi: koropsi, keropsi

Affixed korup + -si, from Dutch corruptie (“corruption”), from Middle Dutch corruptie, from Old French corruption, from Latin corruptiō.


retret

rètrèt (canonical)
retret-retret (plural)

[ˈrɛt̪̚.rɛt̪̚]

From Dutch retraite, from Old French retrait or retret, from Latin retractus, from retraho.

(Christianity) retreat, period of meditation, prayer, or study


kadaster

kadastêr (canonical)
kadaster-kadaster (plural)

From Dutch kadaster (“cadastre”), from French cadastre (“cadastre”), from Occitan cathastre, from Italian catastro (modern catasto), from Venetan catastico, from Byzantine Greek κατάστιχον (katástikhon, “line by line”), from Ancient Greek στίχος (stíkhos, “line, row”).


esofagus

Internationalism, borrowed from Ancient Greek οἰσοφάγος (oisophágos).

bor+

(anatomy) oesophagus, esophagus: the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach


perban

pêrban (canonical)
perban-perban (plural)

From Dutch verband (“bandage”), from Middle Dutch verbant.


memerban

(transitive) to apply a bandage to something.


dosen

id-noun

dosèn (plural dosen-dosen or para dosen)

dosèn (canonical)
dosen-dosen (plural)
para dosen (plural)

From Dutch docent (“teacher, docent”), from Latin docēns, present participle of doceō (“to teach”).

(education) docent; lecturer, person who gives lectures (usually in a university, as opposed to a school teacher)


peserta didik

Compound of peserta (“participant”) + didik (“to provide intellectual training”).

compound

pelajar

student in primary to senior high school

siswi

female student in preschool to senior high school

mahasiswi

female student enrolled in an institution of higher learning


kedokteran

→ Minangkabau: kadotoran

Circumfix of dokter (“doctor; physician”) + ke- -an.

ilmu kedokteran
ilmu kedokteran#Indonesian

ellipsis of ilmu kedokteran (“the study of the cause, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease or illness”).

ilmu kedokteran

the profession and practice of physicians, including surgeons


fakultas

fakultas-fakultas (plural)
fakulti (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

→ Tetum: fakultas

* Learned borrowing from Latin facultās. Doublet of fasilitas.
* Displaced, since 1954, earlier loanword fakulteit, fakultet and fakultit, from Dutch faculteit.

(education) faculty, division of a university


kuliah

Inherited from Malay kuliah, from Arabic كُلِّيَّة (kulliyya).


kuliah

kuliah subuh.

Saya masih kuliah.


sekolah tinggi

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + tinggi (“high”), calque of Dutch hogeschool (“hogeschool, polytechnic, college”, literally “high school”).

calque

(education) hogeschool, college: mono-disciplinary higher education institution; a higher education institution of lower rank than a university

sekolah tinggi keradjaan


penuntut

From Malay penuntut. Equivalent to peng- + tuntut (“to demand, to sue”).


tuntut

From Malay tuntut, from Classical Malay tuntut.


sekolah menengah

id-noun

sêkolah mênêngah (plural sekolah-sekolah menengah)

sêkolah mênêngah (canonical)
sekolah-sekolah menengah (plural)

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + menengah (“middle”), from Malay sekolah menengah, a calque of Dutch middelbare school (“high school”, literally “middle school”).

calque

(education) high school (US), secondary school (UK).


sekolah menengah atas

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + atas (“high”), from
* Calque from English upper + secondary school, or
* Calque from Japanese 高等 (kōtō, “higher”) + 中学校 (chūgakkō, “secondary (middle) school”). The post-war Japanese term is 高等学校 (kōtōgakkō). Doublet of sekolah menengah tinggi.
* Calque from Chinese 高級中學／高级中学 (gāojí zhōngxué, “senior high school”).

zh-l

(education) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK), abbreviated as SMA.


sekolah menengah pertama

id-noun

sekolah menengah pertama (plural sekolah-sekolah menengah pertama)

sekolah-sekolah menengah pertama (plural)

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + pertama (“first”), calque from Japanese 初等 (shotō, “beginner, primary”) + 中學校 (chūgakkō, “secondary (middle) school”). The post-war Japanese term is 中学校 (chūgakkō). Attested in Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah 2602 (1942).

compound

(education) junior high school (US), lower secondary school (UK), abbreviated SMP.


sekolah menengah kejuruan

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + kejuruan (“skill”). Comparable to Japanese 高等専修学校(こうとうせんしゅうがっこう) (kōtōsenshūgakkō, “upper secondary specialized training school”).

ja-r

こうとうせんしゅうがっこう

(education) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK) level (ISCED Level 3) vocational school, abbreviated SMK.


sekolah menengah umum

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + umum (“general”), from
* Calque of Dutch algemene middelbare school of algemene (“common, general”) + middelbare (“secondary”) + school.
* Compare to Chinese 普通高中.

compound

(education, historical) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK), abbreviated SMU.


sulung

* Inherited from Malay sulung (“firstborn”).
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦱꦸꦭꦸꦁ (sulung, “small flying ant which comes out at night”, literally “earliest; eldest”).

sl

(uncountable, chiefly Christianity) firstfruit, firstfruits: an offering of the first of the harvest

(countable) small flying ant which comes out at night


sulung

to put firewood into the stove (so the fire burns bigger)


adab

From Malay adab, from Classical Malay ادب (adab), from Arabic أَدَب (ʔadab).


wicara

From Javanese ꦮꦶꦕꦫ (wicara), from Old Javanese wicāra, from Sanskrit विचार (vicāra, “thought, discussion”). Doublet of bicara, [Term?], and to talk.


ongkos

From Dutch onkost (“expense”), from Middle Dutch oncost.


sekak

From Dutch schaak (“chess, check”), from Middle Dutch schaec, from Old French escac or directly from Medieval Latin scaccus, from Arabic شَاه (šāh), from Persian شاه (šâh, “king”).

(sports) chess, (a board game for two players)

(sports, chess) check (a situation in which the king is directly threatened by an opposing piece)


syahbandar

→ Min Nan: 審萬達 /审万达 (sím-bān-ta̍t)

Compound of syah (“shah, king”) + bandar (“port, harbour”), from Persian شاهبندر (šâhbandar, “harbormaster”).

der

(nautical) harbormaster (US), harbourmaster (UK)


syah

From Malay syah, from Classical Persian شاه (šāh, “shah”). Doublet of cek.

(archaic) king (a male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy)

(chess, obsolete) king (the principal chess piece)

shah (a king of Persia or Iran, or of the similar region)


brem

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦽꦩ꧀ (brem), from Old Javanese brĕm (“a kind of alcoholic drink”). Doublet of beram.

brem: traditional fermented food or fermented beverage made of rice wine


setrap

From Dutch straf (“punishment, penalty, sanction”).

bor

(colloquial, dialectal) punishment (at school)


setrap

head

sêtrap (active menyetrap, passive disetrap)

sêtrap (canonical)
menyetrap (active)
disetrap (passive)

(colloquial, dialectal) to punish (at school)


prefektur

Borrowed from Dutch prefectuur, from Middle French préfecture, from Latin praefectūra.

prefecture (the office or position of a prefecture)

prefecture (the jurisdiction or region of a prefect)

apostolic prefecture
apostolic prefecture

(Catholicism) apostolic prefecture: a 'pre-diocesan' missionary jurisdiction where the Catholic Church is not yet sufficiently developed to have it made a diocese


waris

From Malay waris, from Arabic وَارِث (wāriṯ).


setom

Borrowed from Dutch stoom, from Middle Dutch *stôom, from Old Dutch *stōm, from Proto-Germanic *staumaz.

(colloquial, rare) Synonym of uap (“steam”)


belalang

bêlalang (canonical)
belalang-belalang (plural)

From Malay belalang, from Classical Malay belalang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balalaŋ (“grasshopper, locust”). Doublet of walang.


capung

capung-capung (plural)
tjapung (alternative)

Borrowed from Betawi capung, from Balinese ᬘᬧᬸᬂ (capung, “dragonfly”).


termoset

thermosetting plastic
thermosetting plastic

(chemistry) thermoset, thermosetting plastic


sabu

ellipsis of sabu-sabu (“methamphetamine”).


woi

Possibly from Cantonese 喂 (wai²) or Min Nan 喂 (oeh). Doublet of oi and hoi.


belut

bêlut (canonical)
belut-belut (plural)
welut (alternative)

From Malay belut (“eel”). Cognate with Javanese welut (“eel”).


sumbu

fuse, fuze (for fireworks, cannon, explosives)


angkasawan

id-noun

angkasawan (plural angkasawan-angkasawan or para angkasawan)

angkasawan-angkasawan (plural)
para angkasawan (plural)


antariksawan

antariksawan (plural antariksawan-antariksawan or para antariksawan)

antariksawan-antariksawan (plural)
para antariksawan (plural)


uskup

From Malay uskup, from Arabic أُسْقُف (ʔusquf, “bishop”), from Coptic ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (episkopos), from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos). Doublet of biskop.


birokrasi

From Dutch bureaucratie, from French bureaucratie.

bureaucracy (government by bureaus or their administrators or officers)

(figurative, colloquial) bureaucracy (excessive red tape and routine in any administration, body or behaviour)


bocah

From Malay bocah borrowing Javanese ꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃ (bocah), from Old Javanese boñcah.


perisai

pêrisai (canonical)
perisai-perisai (plural)

From Malay perisai, from Tamil பரிசை (paricai, “shield”).

a broad piece of defensive armor, held in hand, formerly in general use in war, for the protection of the body

(figurative) one who protects or defends


sinci

From Hokkien 神主 (sîn-chí, “spirit tablet, ancestral tablet”).

zh-l

spirit tablet; ancestral tablet (tablet with the name of an ancestor inscribed on it)


tawaran

From Malay tawaran. Equivalent to tawar + -an.


batara

batari (alternative)
betara (alternative)
betari (alternative)

From Malay batara, betara, from Classical Malay batara, betala, betara, from Sanskrit भट्टार (bhaṭṭāra, “revered, worshipful”). Doublet of berhala.


gagu

From Portuguese gago (“stutterer, stuttering”).


gancu

From Portuguese gancho, from Proto-Celtic *ganskyos (“branch, twig”). Doublet of ganco.


lahad

lahad-lahad (plural)
lahat (alternative)

Inherited from Malay lahad, from Arabic لَحْد (laḥd).

(Islam) niche (cavity, hollow, or recess)


pengarah

Affixed peng- + arah, from Malay pengarah.

director: one who directs; the person in charge of managing a department or directorate (e.g., director of engineering), project, or production (as in a show or film, e.g., film director)


pensyarah

Affixed peng- + syarah, from Malay pensyarah.


percaya

From Malay percaya, from Javanese ꦥꦼꦂꦕꦪ (percaya), from Old Javanese parcaya, pracaya, from Sanskrit प्रत्यय (pratyaya).

Aku percaya kepadanya.

Aku percaya bahwa dia mengatakan yang sesungguhnya.

(intransitive) to believe, to have trust


persegi

pêrsêgi (canonical)
persegi-persegi (plural)

Inherited from Malay persegi, from Classical Malay persegi. Equivalent to per- + segi.

(geometry) square; a polygon with four sides of equal length and four right angles


persegi

Semantic loan from Dutch kwadraat (“squared”).

sl

Mereka hanya memiliki tanah seluas enam meter persegi.

They only own land as wide as six meters squared.

(algebra) squared; raised to the second power


prahara

From Javanese prahara (ꦥꦿꦲꦫ, “storm; typhoon”), from Old Javanese prahāra (“stroke, blow, knock, gust, squall”), from Sanskrit प्रहार (prahāra, “attack, hit”).

bor

<i class="Java mention" lang="jv">ꦥꦿꦲꦫ</i>


penggawa

penggawa-penggawa (plural)
punggawa (alternative)

From Malay penggawa, from Classical Malay penggawa, from Sanskrit पुङ्गव (puṅgava, “hero; chief”).


penjagaan

From Malay penjagaan. Equivalent to jaga + peng- -an.

Penjagaan daerah pantai dilakukan oleh satuan polisi perairan.

Penjagaan tanaman itu dilakukan dengan sungguh-sungguh.

The conservation of that plant is done in earnest.


penjaga

Affixed jaga + peng-, inherited from Malay penjaga.


bogel

From Sundanese bogél (“short and fat; stubby”), either directly or via Betawi bogèl.


kapita

From Dutch capita, from Latin capita, plural of caput (“head”).


gandaria

(botany) gandaria, plum mango, mango plum (Bouea macrophylla)

lavender:

web lavender:

lavender: a pale bluish purple colour, like that of the lavender flower

lavender blue:

lavender grey:


ransum

ransum-ransum (plural)
rangsum (alternative)

From Dutch rantsoen (“ration”), from French ration, from Latin ratiōnem.

ration: a portion of some limited resource allocated to a person or group

diet: a controlled regimen of food and drink, as to gain or lose weight or otherwise influence health


otoriter

From Dutch autoritair, from French autoritaire. Semi-cognate with Piawai Malay autoritarian.

authoritarian (relating to absolute obedience to an authority)


anfal

Borrowed from Dutch aanval (“attack”), see cognate in German Anfall.


anfal

(medicine) attack: sudden onset of a disease, active episode of a chronic or recurrent disease


menskors

to suspend: to debar, or cause to withdraw temporarily, from any privilege, from the execution of an office, from the enjoyment of income, etc.

to suspend: to halt temporarily a meeting, a session, etc.


skorsing

suspension: temporary barring of a person from a workplace, society, etc. pending investigation into alleged misconduct; the process of barring a student from school grounds as a form of punishment


cultuurstelsel

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch cultuurstelsel (literally “cultivation system”), from Dutch cultuur (“culture”) + stelsel (“system”).

ubor

a Dutch East Indies government policy to allocate rural land for export crops from 1830 to c.1870


fatsun

From Dutch fatsoen (“decency”), from late Middle Dutch fatchoen, faetsoen, from Old French façon, from Latin factiōnem. Doublet of faksi and fesyen.


inpassing

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch inpassing.


stroberi

strobèri (canonical)
stroberi-stroberi (plural)

From English strawberry, from Middle English strawbery, strauberi, from Old English strēawberġe. Mostly replaced arbei.

the sweet, usually red, edible fruit of certain plants of the genus Fragaria


sakelar

saklar (alternative informal)
suis (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)


politeknik

politeknik-politeknik (plural)
poltek (alternative)

From English polytechnic, from French polytechnique, from the École polytechnique, engineering school founded 1794 in Paris, from Greek πολύτεχνος (polýtechnos, “skilled in many arts”)," from πολύς "many" (see poly-) + τέχνη "art" (see technic).

der

polytechnic: a type of tertiary education institutions which specializes in applied sciences


sekolah laboratorium

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + laboratorium (“laboratory”), calque of English laboratory school.

com+

(education) laboratory school, an elementary or secondary school operated in association with a university, college, or other teacher education institution and used for the training of future teachers, educational experimentation, educational research, and professional development.


sekolah dasar

id-noun

sêkolah dasar (plural sekolah-sekolah dasar)

sêkolah dasar (canonical)
sekolah-sekolah dasar (plural)

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + dasar (“base”), a calque of Dutch basisschool.

elementary school (US), primary school (UK)


sekolah rakyat

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + rakyat (“people”), from calque from Japanese 國民學校(こくみんがっこう) (kokumingakkō, literally “people school”), from calque of German Volksschule (“primary school”, literally “people-school”). Cognate of Korean 국민학교 (gungminhakgyo).

calque

(education, obsolete) elementary school (US), primary school (UK)


tahun ajaran

Compound of tahun (“year”) + ajaran (“teaching”), literally "teaching year", calque of Dutch leerjaar (“teaching year”).


Nasrani

Inherited from Malay Nasrani, from Arabic نَصْرَانِيّ (naṣrāniyy, “Christian”).


imamah

From Arabic إِمَامَة (ʔimāma). Doublet of imamat.


purna-

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese pūrṇa, from Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇá).


pasca-

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पश्चा (paścā). Coined by Indonesian academician Poerbatjaraka 1950s.


Paskah

From Latin pascha (“Easter”), from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פסחא (paskha), from Hebrew פסח (pésakh).

der

(Christianity) Pascha, Passover, or Easter


membesar

to become larger, to increase in magnitude

to progress through a sequence of stages

(intransitive, figuratively) to become arrogant


membesarkan

Membesarkan anak bukanlah perkara mudah.

Raising (to raise) a child is not an easy matter.


kebesaran

largeness (the property of being physically large)

bigness (the characteristic of being big)

greatness (the state, condition, or quality of being great)


kebesaran

expressing the height of dignity or rank; can be roughly translated as ranking


kebesaran

From besar + ke- -an (“excessiveness-marking suffix”).


akil

From Malay akil, from Classical Malay عاقل (akil), from Arabic عَاقِل (ʕāqil, “reasonable person; intelligent”).


akcaya

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अक्षय (akṣaya), an instance of spelling pronunciation. The intermediate form would be *aksaya, but later subject to unusual orthographic variation by replacing -s- to -ç- during the Dutch colonial era. The letter was only used in that context by some Romance languages and their loanwords elsewhere including in Dutch (compare French çûdra). As the non-diacritical variant of -ç- collapses with native -c-, it was displaced by native pronunciation /tʃ/. The original spelling was preserved by some emblems such as that of West Kalimantan.


biksu

biku (alternative archaic)
bikuni (alternative archaic)
biksuni (alternative)

From Malay biksu, from Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣú, “mendicant”).

(Buddhism) bhikkhu, a Buddhist monk or priest; one who follows all Buddhist precepts as a full member of the sangha


gerha

* From Malay gerha (“wife, queen consort”), from Sanskrit गृह (gṛha, “house, family, wife, assistant”). Doublet of graha, garwa, greha, and griya.
* For sense of house/building, learned borrowing from Old Javanese gerha, greha, from the same Sanskrit word.


graha

graha-graha (plural)
gerha (alternative)
greha (alternative)

From Javanese graha (ꦒꦿꦲ), from Old Javanese gerha, greha, from Sanskrit गृह (gṛha, “house”). Doublet of gerha, greha, and griya.


gerhana

From Malay gerhana, from Sanskrit ग्रहण (grahaṇa, “eclipse”).

(astronomy) eclipse, passage of a planetary object between others


eklips

From Dutch eclips (“eclipse”), from Old French eclipse, from Latin eclīpsis, from Ancient Greek ἔκλειψις (ékleipsis, “eclipse”), from ἐκλείπω (ekleípō, “I abandon, go missing, vanish”), from ἐκ (ek, “out”) and λείπω (leípō, “I leave behind”).

der

(rare, astronomy) eclipse, passage of a planetary object between others


kartika

From Sanskrit कृत्तिका (kṛttikā, “Pleiades”); see कार्त्तिकेय (kārttikeya).


insinyur

insinyur-insinyur (plural)
Ir. (alternative)

→ Malay: insinyur

Borrowed from Dutch ingenieur (“engineer”), from Middle French ingénieur, from modified, based on the verb ingénier, from Old French engigneor, itself from engin or from Medieval Latin ingeniator or ingeniārius (“one who makes or uses an engine”), from Latin ingenium (“an engine”), from in (“in”) + gignō, gignere (“to produce, cause”). Doublet of enjin, genius, and zeni.

bor+

(historical) a collegiate degree, usually involving four years to four and half years of study (about 160-170 semester hours) in engineering

a professional degree, involving one year of study (about 24 semester hours) in engineering

(historical) holder of Insinyur collegiate degree, equivalent to Bachelor of Engineering

holder of the such degree
holder of Insinyur professional degree

engineer, a person who is qualified or professionally engaged in any branch of engineering


maha-

From Malay maha-, from Sanskrit महा (mahā), महत् (mahat), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *maźʰā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maȷ́ʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s.


padu

Emas yang padu


empat mata

* Compound of empat (“four”) + mata (“eye”)
* Calque of Dutch onder vier ogen (“in private”, literally “under four eyes”). The same phrase is used in German unter vier Augen, Danish under fire øjne, and Icelandic undir fjögur augu.


empat mata

Mungkinkah kita berbicara empat mata?

Is it possible for us to talk in private?

privately, in private, in secret (between two persons)


perempatan

Affixed empat + per- -an, from Malay perempatan, from Javanese prapatan.


persimpangan

Affixed simpang + per- -an, from Malay persimpangan.


dading

From Dutch dading, from Middle Dutch dāghedinc, dādinc, dāghedinghe or dādinghe. Re-analysed in Dutch dag (“day”) + geding (“lawsuit”).

settlement agreement
settlement agreement


mengacau

Affixed meng- + kacau, from Malay mengacau.

(dialect) to disturb the relative position of the particles of, a liquid of suchlike, by passing something through it


ganggu

to interfere with; to disrupt; to upset; to interrupt

to affect; to impinge on; to harm; to hold up (the line)


awa-

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अव (ava). Coined by Komisi Istilah in 1959.

lbor

awagula

awanama

awaracun

awaair

free (from), without, not contain, non-, de-


alon

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦭꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (alon, “slow; soft”), from Old Javanese alon (“slow, gentle, soft”).


warga negara

id-noun

warga negara (plural warga-warga negara)

warga-warga negara (plural)
warganegara (alternative)

Compound of warga (“member”) + negara (“country”). Calque of Dutch staatsburger.


anggota

From Malay anggota, anggauta, from Classical Malay اڠڬوتا (anggota), اڠڬاوتا (anggauta), from Prakrit [Term?] (aṅga + *𑀳𑀼𑀢 (*huta)), from Sanskrit अङ्ग (aṅga, “member, a limb”) + भूत (bhūta, “person”, literally “living being”). Compare to Sanskrit अङ्गभूत (aṅgabhūta, “built-in”).

cog

(colloquial) a member of legislative, army or police


sekaligus

Perhaps derived from sekali (“once, one time”).


harapan

Affixed harap + -an, inherited from Malay harapan.

expectation: that which is expected or looked for


seprai

seprei (alternative)
sprei (alternative)


seprei

(nonstandard) Alternative form of seprai


mintakat

From Malay mintakat, from Arabic مِنْطَقَة (minṭaqa).

(rare, geology, agroforestry, marine science, preservation) Synonym of zona (“zone”)

marine science; preservation; marine science; preservation


Antartika

Superseded spelling of Antarktika. (pre-2017)


weru

white siris, karoi tree (Albizia procera)


memasuki

From Malay memasuki, from Classical Malay memasuki. Equivalent to
masuk + meng- -i.


memasukkan

From Malay memasukkan, from Classical Malay memasukkan. Equivalent to
From masuk + meng- -kan.

Mereka memasukkan pedang-pedang mereka ke dalam sarungnya, tanda bahwa perang telah usai.

They entered their swords into the scabbard, [as] a sign that the war was over.


tempat kejadian perkara

tempat kedjadian perkara (alternative)
TKP (alternative initialism)

Compound of tempat (“place”) + kejadian (“incident; occurence”) + perkara (“problem; crime; affair”). Compare to Japanese 犯行現場(はんこうげんば) (hankōgenba, “crime scene”).

ja-r

Verslag, jang dimaksoedkan dalam lid (2) dari ini artikel, haroes menjeboetkan, dakwa itoe ditoentoet perkara apa, dengan diterangkan sekali tempo dan tempat kedjadian perkara, serta segala hal-ichwalnja, lagi poela nama dan tempat tinggalnja dakwa dan saksi-saksi, atoerannja mereka itoe dengan singkat dan lain-lain apa sadja, jang dianggap periloe goena menimbang itoe perkara.


panti asuhan

a residential institution for the care and protection of orphans; orphanage


jalan pintas

id-noun

jalan pintas (plural jalan-jalan pintas)

From jalan (“road, way”) + pintas (“to bypass”).

com

shortcut (a path between two points that is faster than the commonly used paths)


basis data

Compound of basis (“base”) + data (“data”), calque of English database.


lobak

From Malay lobak, from Late Classical Malay lobak, from Cantonese 蘿蔔／萝卜 (lo⁴ baak⁶, “radish”).


berkebolehan

head

bêrkêbolèhan (comparative lebih berkebolehan, superlative paling berkebolehan)

bêrkêbolèhan (canonical)
lebih berkebolehan (comparative)
paling berkebolehan (superlative)

capable (able and efficient; having the ability needed for a specific task; having the disposition to do something; permitting or being susceptible to something)


macam

berbagai macam cara

type; kind (a grouping based on shared characteristics)

(rare) way (a method or manner of doing something; a mannerism)


abiseka

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦧꦶꦱꦺꦏ (abiséka), from Old Javanese abhiṣeka, from Sanskrit अभिषेक (abhiṣeka, “sprinkling, watering, wetting; anointing, inaugurating or consecrating by sprinkling water; coronation, inauguration, installation; etc.”); compare Pali abhiseka (“anointing, consecration, inauguration”).

cog

(Hinduism) ceremony of watering, related to coronation, inauguration, installation; etc.


indra

deria (alternative Indonesia)
deria (alternative)
dria (alternative)
indera (alternative)
indria (alternative)

From Sanskrit इन्द्रिय (indriya, “sense”). Compare to Standard Malay deria.

sense, any of the manners by which living beings perceive the physical world


pasraman

Reconstructed as asrama + peng- -an, from Javanese pasraman (ꦥꦱꦿꦩꦤ꧀ (pasraman), “monastery, hermitage”), from Old Javanese pāśraman (“hermitage”). Cognate of Balinese pasrama (“boarding-house”).


upawasa

From Balinese upawasa, from Sanskrit उपवास (upavāsa, “fast”). Doublet of puasa.


surya

surya-surya (plural)
soerja (alternative)
surja (alternative)

From Malay suria, from Sanskrit सूर्य (sūrya). Spelling influenced by Balinese ᬲᬹᬃᬬ (surya), Javanese ꦱꦸꦂꦪ (surya).


kembang api

Compound of kembang (“flower”) + api (“fire”), literally “fire flower”, from
* Calque from Chinese 花火 (“fireworks”, literally “flower fire”) or
* Calque from Japanese 花火(はなび) (hanabi, “fireworks”, literally “flower fire”).


bunga api

Compound of bunga (“flower”) + api (“fire”), probably from
* calque from Chinese 火花 (huǒhuā, “spark”, literally “fire + flower”) or
* calque from Japanese 火花(ひばな) (hibana, “spark”, literally “fire + flower”).


aswa

From Sanskrit अश्व (aśva, “horse”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśwas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”).


awamineral

not containing mineral, nonmineral, nonmineralized


swa-

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese swa, from Sanskrit स्व (svá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swás, from Proto-Indo-European *swós.

swadaya

swaharga


tumpul

From Malay tumpul, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumpul.

(figurative) stupid, dull, slow of understanding


antariksa

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अन्तरिक्ष (antarikṣa, “space”).

lbor

outer space, area beyond atmosphere of planets


pertiwi

From Malay pertiwi,
from Classical Malay ڤرتيوي (pertiwi), from Sanskrit पृथिवी (pṛthivī).


periksa

From Malay periksa, from Classical Malay pariksa, from Sanskrit परीक्षा (parīkṣā, “inspection, investigation, examination, test”).


adi-

From Malay adi-, from Javanese ꦲꦢꦶ (adi), from Old Javanese adi, adhi, ādi (“beginning; first, principal; excellent”), from Sanskrit आदि, अधि (ādi, adhi).


rasuah

Borrowed from Malay rasuah (“bribe”), from Arabic رشوة (rašwa, “bribe”). Doublet of rasywah.


awalan

(grammar, linguistic morphology) a morpheme added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning

(telecommunications) a set of digits placed before a telephone number, to indicate where the number is based, what type of phone number it is


akhiran

akhiran-akhiran (plural)
achiran (alternative)

* From Malay akhiran, from Classical Malay اخيران (akhiran, “finish”). Equivalent to akhir + -an.
* The sense “suffix” is a semantic loan from English suffix.

inh

menutup doa dengan akhiran yang sesuai dengan permohonan

Closing the prayer with an ending that is suitable with your request.

ending (of an event, movie, ceremony, class, etc.)


kebaikan

Inherited from Malay kebaikan. Equivalent to baik + ke- -an.

(uncountable) the state or characteristic of being good

(countable) the good, nutritional, healthy part or content of something

kindness
(uncountable) the state of being kind

(countable) an instance of kind or charitable behaviour


kompatriot

From English compatriot, from French compatriote, from Latin cum (“with”) + patria (“homeland”).

compatriot: somebody from one's own country


adikara

From Malay adikara, from Classical Malay اديقارا (adikara), from Sanskrit अधिकार (adhikāra).


anumerta

From Sanskrit अनु- (anu-, “after”) + मृत (mṛta, “death”).


sasana

From Pali sāsana (“teaching, order”), from Sanskrit शासन (śāsana, “order, edict, command; a shastra, scripture; government, ruling”).


sasana

From Javanese ꦱꦱꦤ (sasana, “location, place”), from Old Javanese sana, āsana (“sitting; seat; dwelling; posture”), from Sanskrit आसन (āsana, “seat, chair”). Doublet of asana.


sebaiknya

should (used to express opinion, advice, or instruction, about what is required or desirable)


sambil

Reconstructed as se- + ambil, inherited from Malay sambil.

...guru Spiritual saya muncul dan hadir dihadapan saya sambil menatap saya.

My spiritual teacher appeared and was present in front of me while staring at me.

"Iya Ma..." jawab saya sambil beranjak dari tempat tidur.

"Yes Mom", I answered as I was getting out of the bed.


di belakang

Siapa yang di belakang saya?


tempat tidur

id-noun

tempat tidur (plural tempat-tempat tidur)

tempat-tempat tidur (plural)
TT (alternative initialism)

Comparable to Japanese 寝床(ねどこ) (nedoko, “bed”, literally “sleeping place”) and Dutch slaapplaats.


bahasa baku

head

bahasa baku (plural bahasa-bahasa baku, first-person possessive bahasa bakuku, second-person possessive bahasa bakumu, third-person possessive bahasa bakunya)

bahasa-bahasa baku (plural)
bahasa bakuku (first-person possessive)
bahasa bakumu (possessive second-person)
bahasa bakunya (possessive third-person)

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + baku (“standard”), calque of Dutch standaardtaal (“standard language”).

clq

Bahasa baku itu dianggap lebih baik daripada ragam bahasa yang lain.

It is assumed that the standard register is better than other language varieties.

Bahasa baku mendukung empat fungsi.

Standard language supports four functions.

Nadin menjelaskan bahwa dirinya kerap menggunakan bahasa baku dalam berbicara sehari-hari.

Nadin told that she usually uses the standard register in her day-to-day speech.

(sociolinguistics) standard language: A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most "correct" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes


punggung

From Malay punggung. Cognate with Acehnese punggông and Sundanese tonggong.


pergelangan tangan

id-noun

pergelangan tangan (plural pergelangan-pergelangan tangan)


pergelangan kaki

pergelangan kaki (plural pergelangan-pergelangan kaki)


puji

From Malay puji, from Sanskrit पूजा (pūjā). Doublet of puja.


langit-langit

/ˈlä.ŋɪt̪̚ ˈlä.ŋɪt̪̚/

Reduplication of langit (“sky”), from Malay langit-langit.


menjejaki

(transitive) to tread (to step or walk upon)

(transitive) to investigate (to examine, look into, or scrutinize in order to discover something hidden or secret)


mengunjungi

Sudah lama aku tidak mengunjungi nenekku.

It's been a long time since I visited my grandmother.


mengartikan

head

mengartikan (active mengartikan, passive diartikan, imperative artikan, emphatic-jussive artikanlah)

mengartikan (active)
diartikan (passive)
artikan (imperative)

to decode the meaning of a topic and then act, whether to continue researching the topic, follow through, act in opposition, or further the understanding through sharing an interpretation

to explain or tell the meaning of; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms. applied especially to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.


menafsirkan

menafsirkan (active menafsirkan, reflexive passive tertafsirkan, ordinary passive ditafsirkan, imperative tafsirkan, emphatic-jussive tafsirkanlah)

menafsirkan (active)
tertafsirkan (passive reflexive)
tafsirkan (imperative)
nafsirin (alternative colloquial)

(transitive) to interpret; (to explain or tell the meaning of)


merampungkan

(transitive) to finish, to complete (to bring to a successful completion)

(transitive) to settle, to resolve (to conclude; to address a problem etc.)


mengucapkan

(transitive) to say, to express (to convey or communicate)

(transitive) to utter, to pronounce (to sound out a word or phrase; to articulate)


menyebarluaskan

(transitive) to spread (to extend over a large or increasing area)

(transitive) to disseminate, to propagate, to promulgate (an idea, theory, etc.)


memijak

From Malay memijak,
from Classical Malay memijak. Equivalent to
From meng- + pijak.


menginjak

From Malay menginjak, from Classical Malay menginjak. Equivalent to
From meng- + injak.

(transitive) to reach (to continue living until, or up to, a certain age)


menyusun

From Malay menyusun, from Classical Malay menyusun. Equivalent to meng- + susun.

to stack, to accumulate (to heap up in a mass; to pile up)

to compose, to compile, to frame (to construct by mental labor; to think up)

to organize, to arrange (to put things in a neat, attractive, or required order)


mengarang

From Malay mengarang, from Classical Malay mengarang. Equivalent to meng- + karang.

(transitive, of flowers) to arrange, to combine (to organize in a neat way)

(transitive, of pearls, beads etc.) to thread, to string (to put on a string)


mengarang

(transitive) to compose, to compile (to form something from various items)

(transitive) to compose, to write (to produce music, poetry, or formal writing)

(transitive) to contrive, to concoct, to make up (to compose something with the intent to deceive)


tunang

Inherited from Malay tunang (“fiance”), from Javanese ꦠꦸꦤꦁ (tunang, “fiancé(e)”).


tunang

(zoology) bluntnose snake eel (Ophichthus apicalis)


memetik

[mə.məˈt̪ɪʔ]


dahulu

From Malay dahulu. From Proto-Austronesian *zulu (“earlier, in advance”). Doublet of dulu.

inh

dh (alternative)
dh. (alternative)
d.h. (alternative)
d/h (alternative proscribed)

Itu dahulu, ini sekarang.


segera

From Malay segera (“immediate; quick”), from Sanskrit शीघ्र (śīghra, “speedy, quick, rapid”).


ambil

head

ambil (active mengambil, passive diambil)

Inherited from Malay ambil, from Classical Malay امبيل (ambil).

Selaku mengambil saran dari Imla, Semi berdiri kemudian memperhatikan sekitar.

2019, Beni Irawan, dkk, Tanda Tanya, CV Jejak, page 196:

As if taking Imla's advice, Semi stood up and looked around.

Sekali-sekali ada suami yang hendak membuat hidupnya lebih menarik dengan mengambil istri kedua, dan hal demikian diizinkan oleh hukum adat.

2017, T.O. Ihromi, editor, Pokok-pokok antropologi budaya, Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, page 196:

Once in a while a husband wants to make his life more interesting by taking a second wife, and this is permitted by customary law.

Di bisa mengambil nyawa semudah menjentikkan jari. Hebat, bukan?

2020, Sara Wijayanto, Wingit, PT Elex Media Komputindo, page 113:

Bola dilempar, ambil satu anak bekel tinggal satu (menjadi 4 anak bekel, tetap digenggam), bola ditangkap

1987, S. S. Rumani, Permainan anak-anak dari Jawa, Intan, page 45:

Gampang. Nanti di Jakarta tuan ambil taksi, pergi jurusan Bintaro. Tanya siapa saja, pasti orang kenal Ramadhan itu.

2018, Mahbub Djunaidi, Asal Usul, IRCISOD, page 100:

Easy. Later in Jakarta, sir, take a taxi, go to Bintaro. Ask anyone, they will definitely know about that Ramadhan.

"Ketika SMP meloncat satu kelas. Kelas dua, saya ambil ujian akhir dan lulus."

2005, Motinggo Busye, Dalam kasih putih, Azalea, page 17:

"When I was in junior high school, I skipped a grade. In second grade, I took the final exam and passed."

Tetapi orang-orang yang berselisih pendapat itu tidak mau mengambil perkataan para ulama dalam hal ini.

2019, Abdul Aziz Al-Badri, Hitam Putih Wajah Ulama dan Penguasa, Penerbit Darul Falah, page 215:

But those who disagree do not want to take the words of the scholars on this matter.

Tabel dan gambar banyak mengambil ruang pencetakan, dan penyunting biasanya menghilangkannya apabila isinya dapat dijelaskan dalam pembahasan.

2000, Barbara Stevens Barnum, translated by Brahms U. Pendit, edited by Palupi Widyastuti, Penulisan Penerbitan Buku, Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, page 60:

Tables and figures take up a lot of printing space, and editors usually omit them if their content can be explained in the discussion.

"Sini saya ambil foto kalian, entar gantian bantu ambil foto untuk saya ..."

2018, DIS, 157 Hari Mencari Makna Hidup, page 95:

"Come here, I will take your photos, later you take turns taking photos for me ..."


penyimpan

From Malay penyimpan, from Classical Malay penyimpan. Equivalent to
From peng- + simpan.

Tempat penyimpanan uang


penyimpanan

penyimpan berkas


KK

kartu keluarga
kartu keluarga#Indonesian


singgasana

From Malay singgahsana (“throne”), from Sanskrit सिंहासन (siṃhāsana, “throne”, literally “the lion's seat”). Equal to singa + asana.


asmara

From Malay asmara, from Old Javanese asmara, smara (“love, god of love”), from Sanskrit स्मर (smara, “remembering, recollecting”).


grahita

From Sanskrit ग्राहित (grāhita, “taught”), see ग्रह् (grah).


amerta

From Javanese amerta, from Sanskrit अमृत (amṛta), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *amŕ̥tas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *amŕ̥tas, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥mr̥tós (“immortal”).

(archaic, poetic) immortal, immortality, living forever; never dying

(archaic, poetic) immortal, never to be forgotten; that merits being always remembered


sakti

From Malay sakti, from Sanskrit शक्ति (śakti).


aniaya

From Malay aniaya, from Classical Malay انياي (aniaya), from Sanskrit अन्याय (anyāya).


butun

From Malay butun, from Classical Malay بوتون (butun), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *butun.

Barringtonia asiatica
Barringtonia asiatica#Translingual


anugerah

anugêrah (canonical)
anugerah-anugerah (plural)
anoegrah (alternative)
anugrah (alternative)

From Malay anugerah, from Sanskrit अनुग्रह (anugraha, “favour”).

menganugerahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menganugerahi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

Anugerah Musik Indonesia


sinden

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀ (sindhèn), from Old Javanese siṇḍyan (“allusion”).


elektrokardiograf

élèktrokardiograf (canonical)
elektrokardiograf-elektrokardiograf (plural)

Internationalism, from Dutch elektrocardiograaf. Analyzed as elektro- + kardio- + -graf.


bahtera

From Malay bahtera, from Classical Malay bahtera (“large boat”), from Sanskrit वहित्र (vahitra, “boat, vessel”).

der

Bahtera Nuh


bejana

bêjana (canonical)
bejana-bejana (plural)
bajan (alternative)

From Malay bejana, from Pali bhājana, from Sanskrit भाजन (bhājana). Doublet of bajan and wajan.


baiduri

From Malay baiduri (“opal”), from Sanskrit वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya).


bakti

From Malay bakti, from Old Malay bhakti, from Sanskrit भक्ति (bhakti).


isolek

(linguistics) isolect, idiom (neutral term between ‘language’ and ‘dialect’)


basmi

basmi (root)
membasmi (active nominative)
terbasmi (nominative passive)
dibasmi (nominative passive)
basmi (nominative)
basmilah (nominative)
membasmikan (active)
terbasmikan (passive)
dibasmikan (passive)
basmikan
basmikanlah

From Malay basmi, from Sanskrit भस्म (bhasma, “ash”).


bausastra

From Javanese ꦧꦲꦸꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦿ (bausastra, “dictionary”), from Old Javanese bahuśāstra (“knowing many books or sciences”), from Sanskrit बहु (bahu, “great”) + शास्त्र (śāstra, “scripture”). Reconstructed as bahu + sastra.


belantara

From Malay belantara, from Sanskrit वनान्तर (vanāntara).


belia

From Malay belia (“young”), from Sanskrit बाल्य (bālya, “relating to children”).


bendahara

bêndahara (canonical)
bendahara-bendahara (plural)

From Malay bendahara, from Hindi भंडार (bhaṇḍār), भंडारा (bhaṇḍārā), or another New Indo-Aryan language, with metathesis from earlier *behendara, from Prakrit bhaṁḍāāra, bhaṁḍāgāra, from Sanskrit भाण्डागार (bhāṇḍāgāra, “treasury”), from भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + आगार (āgāra). Doublet of bendahara, bendahari, bendara, bendari, bendoro, and bentara.

compound

भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + आगार (āgāra)


langsung

live (of a broadcast: direct, in real time, as it happens)


berlangsung

Upacaranya berlangsung selama 3 jam.

(intransitive) to take place, to happen, to occur


berida

From Malay berida (“old”), from Sanskrit वृद्ध (vṛddha, “old”). Doublet of wreda.


wreda

From Javanese wreda, wredha (ꦮꦽꦢ, ꦮꦽꦣ, “old”), from Old Javanese wṛddha, wrĕdah (“full-grown, experienced, wise”), from Sanskrit वृद्ध (vṛddha, “old”). Doublet of berida.


melangsungkan

Rapat akan dilangsungkan besok pagi.

The meeting will be held tomorrow morning.

(transitive) to conduct, to hold, to execute, to perform


menjelaskan

mênjêlaskan (canonical)
dijelaskan (passive)


peraturan

Affixed atur + per- -an, inherited from Malay peraturan, from Classical Malay peraturan. Semantic loan from Dutch reglement for legal regulation sense.

(law) regulation: a type of law made by the executive branch of a government, usually as authorized by a statute made by the legislative branch giving the executive the authority to do so


persaingan

id-noun

pêrsaingan (countable and uncountable, plural persaingan-persaingan)

pêrsaingan (canonical)
persaingan-persaingan (plural)


tenggelam

tlb

(intransitive, doesn't take voice prefixes)

Inherited from Malay tenggelam, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ləm; *ləəm (“to sink”)

Tenggelamnya kapal Van Der Wjick.

(figurative) to lost, to disappear, to miss

(figurative) to be absorbed, to be engrossed


menenggelamkan

From Malay menenggelamkan,
from Classical Malay menenggelamkan. Equivalent to
From tenggelam + meng- -kan.

(transitive) to immerse, to submerge, to plunge


penenggelaman

the act of immersing, immersion, submergence, submersion


pelaku

pêlaku (canonical)
pelaku-pelaku (plural)

Affixed per- + laku. The sense of crime is a semantic loan from Dutch dader.

actor: A person who acts a part in a theatrical play or (later) in film or television; a dramatic performer

Pelaku penembakan masal telah diamankan.

The suspect of the mass shooting has been apprehended.

(law enforcement) suspect, culprit, perpetrator

(sociology) an individual engaging with the social structure

(philosophy) agent performs for a purpose, that is guided by the person's intention


melakukan

From Malay melakukan,
from Classical Malay melakukan. Equivalent to laku + meng- -kan.

(transitive) to do, to perform, to take action


berminat

(intransitive) to have interest, to be interested


peminat

a person who is interested (in), enthusiast


purbakala

From Malay purbakala, from Sanskrit पूर्वकाल (pūrvakāla, “former or previous time”), equivalent to purba- + kala.


purnabakti

retiring, stop working (because of old age)


purnawaktu

From purna- (“full-”) + waktu (“time”). Calque of English full-time.


berahasia

(colloquial, intransitive) to tell secret


binasa

From Malay binasa, from Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa).


bintara

From Sanskrit आभ्यन्तरः (ābhyantaraḥ, “interior officer”).

non-commissioned officer
non-commissioned officer


bayangkara

From Malay bayangkara (“guard”), from Sanskrit भयङ्कर (bhayaṅkara, “fearful, falcon, owl”). Doublet of bhayangkara.


bhayangkara

Unadapted borrowing from Sanskrit भयङ्कर (bhayaṅkara, “fearful, falcon, owl”). Doublet of bayangkara.


remedi

rèmêdi (canonical)
remedi-remedi (plural)
rémédi (alternative)

Ultimately from Latin remedium.
* Via English remedy, from Middle English remedie, from Old French *remedie, remede.
* Via Dutch remedie, from Middle Dutch remedie, perhaps via Old French remedie.

(medicine) a medicine, application, or treatment that relieves or cures a disease

(education) something that corrects or improve deficient skills in some subject


berbeda

Warna gitarku berbeda dengan milikmu.

The color of my guitar is different from yours.

(stative) to have difference; to be different


berbeda-beda

(intransitive, reciprocal) to be different from each other


sendiri

Affixed diri + se- (probably through affixed Old Javanese aṅḍiri, aṇḍiri (“to stand; to be functional, to reign; standing alone; outstanding”), probably ultimately from Sanskrit [Term?] instead of Malay diri directly), inherited from Malay sendiri.

cog

Ibu sendiri yang memasak kue ini.

It was mother herself who made this cake.

Buku ini ditulis oleh Pak Bambang sendiri.

This book is written by Mr. Bambang himself.


sendiri

Nelayan merasa di laut seperti di rumah sendiri.

When at sea, fishermen feel as if in their own home.

Aku harus membayar dari kantongku sendiri.

Sayur-sayuran ini dari kebun ibu sendiri.

These vegetables are from mother's own garden.


papan tulis

Compound of papan (“board”) + tulis (“to write”).


menghormat

Kita harus menghormat hak orang lain.

We must respect the rights of other people.


tuan rumah

From tuan (“lord, master”) + rumah (“house”), from Malay toean rumah (“house owner”). The sense “host” is a semantic loan from English host.

Tuan rumah yang baik akan selalu menjamu tamu-tamunya.

A good host will always serve his/her guests.

one which receives or entertains a guest, socially, commercially, or officially

one that provides a facility for an event

a person or organization responsible for running an event


memerlukan

Tobata bukan anak ajaib. Namun, ia biaya yang besar. Setiap hari Tobata memerlukan makanan yang banyak. Selain itu, Tobata memerlukan tempat yang luas.

1996, Atisah Muhammad Jaruki, Cerita rakyat dari Sulawesi Tengah:

Tobata is no miraculous kid. But he costs a lot. Every day Tobata needs a lot of food. Besides, Tobata needs a lot of space.


tepercaya

têpêrcaya (canonical)
terpercaya (alternative nonstandard)

Affixed ter- + percaya. Attested before 1967.

Hanya saja, legenda ini juga tidak bisa dibenarkan, mengingat Abu Syamah, salah satu pencatat biografi Ibn ‘Arabi paling tepercaya yang menghadiri langsung prosesi pemakamannya, tidak menyinggung peristiwa ini sama sekali.

2018 April 6, “Ibn 'Arabi Sang Muhyiddin dari Murcia”, in Tirto.ID:

However, this legend cannot be verified either, considering that Abu Shamah, one of the most reliable biographers of Ibn 'Arabi who attended his funeral procession in person, did not mention this event at all.


perlu

From Malay perlu, from Javanese ꦥꦼꦂꦭꦸ (perlu), from Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “obligation”). Doublet of fardu.


mutlak

Inherited from Malay mutlak, from Arabic مُطْلَق (muṭlaq).


kemutlakan

Kepala Bandara Husein Sastra Negara Mulya Abdi menyatakan, Bandara Husein sebenarnya sudah memenuhi standar untuk melayani penumpang internasional. Karena itu, peralatan X-Ray sudah menjadi sebuah kemutlakan. Sejauh ini, pihaknya telah melakukan pengaasan ketat, dengan memakai peralatan serupa milik Angkasa Pura.

2009 July 28, “Bandara Husein Bandung Rawan Penyelundupan”, in Tempo:

Head of Husein Sastra Negara Airport, Mulya Abdi, stated that Husein Airport actually meets the standards for serving international passengers. Therefore, X-Ray equipment has become absolute. So far, his party has carried out strict supervision, using equipment similar to Angkasa Pura's.


menjadwalkan

(transitive) to make schedule (for), to schedule


memisahkan

Tembok beton ini memisahkan permukiman warga Israel dengan wilayah Palestina.

This concrete wall separates Israeli settlements from the Palestinian territories.


sikat gigi

Compound of sikat (“brush”) + gigi (“teeth”), calque of Dutch tandenborstel (“toothbrush”).


memecahkan

From Malay memecahkan, from Classical Malay memecahkan. Equivalent to pecah + meng- -kan.

Siapa yang memecahkan piring itu?

Kita harus berusaha untuk memecahkan setiap masalah yang kita hadapi.

We must try to solve every problem we face.


memutuskan

Mereka telah memutuskan bahwa dinding batu merupakan tempat paling nyaman untuk duduk dua malam yang lalu, ketika Mirar pertama kalinya meninggalkan gua.

2014, Trudi Canavan, Last of The Wilds: Pembangkang Para Dewa:

They decided that the stone wall is the most comfortable place to sit two nights ago, when Mirar first left the cave.


sempit

tersempit (superlative)
sempit (root)
menyempit (active nominative)
menyempiti (active)
tersempiti (passive)
disempiti (passive)
sempiti
sempitilah
menyempitkan (active)
tersempitkan (passive)
disempitkan (passive)
sempitkan
sempitkanlah
mempersempit (active causative nominative)
dipersempit (causative nominative passive)
persempit (causative nominative)
persempitlah (causative nominative)
mempersempiti (active causative)
dipersempiti (causative passive)
persempiti (causative)
persempitilah (causative)
mempersempitkan (active causative)
dipersempitkan (causative passive)
persempitkan (causative)
persempitkanlah (causative)

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">sempit</i>

Sekretaris Jenderal Pengurus Besar Persatuan Dokter Gigi Indonesia (PDGI), drg Diono Susilo, menjelaskan perbedaan kewenangan tukang gigi yang lebih sempit dibandingkan dengan dokter gigi.

2018 November 14, “Ini Perbedaan Kewenangan Tukang Gigi dan Dokter Gigi”, in Republika Online:

Secretary General of the Executive Board of the Indonesian Dentists Association (PDGI), Diono Susilo, explained that the differences in the more limited competences of tooth experts compared to dentists.

(figurative) limited (of access, right, etc.)


sempit

Borrowed from Lawangan [Term?] (Benuaq dialect).


lurus

From Malay lurus,
from Classical Malay lurus.

(figurative) being honest, innocent, guiltless


halus

Inherited from Malay halus, from Proto-Malayic *halus. Cognate to Balinese ᬳᬮᬸᬲ᭄ (alus) and Banjarese halus (“small”).

Bubuk halus


budiman

From Malay budiman, from Sanskrit बुद्धिमान (buddhimāna, “intelligent; wise”).


bujangga

From Malay bujangga, from Classical Malay bujangga, from Javanese bujangga, from Old Javanese bhujangga.
* A possible corruption of Sanskrit पूजाङ्ग (pūjāṅga) from पूजा (pūjā) + अङ्ग (aṅga); doublet of pujangga.
* A possible corruption of Old Javanese bujaṅ, wujaṅ (“young (unmarried) person”); doublet of bujang. According to van der Kroef (1950), this was happened due to Sanskritization of the Javanese court.

compound

पूजा (pūjā) + अङ्ग (aṅga)

der

boedjangga (alternative)
budjangga (alternative)


bukti

From Malay bukti, from Sanskrit भुक्ति (bhukti, “possession”), व्यक्त (vyakta, “evident”), युक्त (yukta, “proper”). Cognate in Old Javanese byakta, wyakti. The term is used for translation on semantic loan from Dutch bewijs in law terms.


busana

From Malay busana, from Sanskrit भूषण (bhūṣaṇa, “ornament”).

cloth; clothing (especially if it's stylish)


butala

From Malay butala (“earth”), from Classical Malay butala, from Sanskrit भूतल (bhūtala, “earth”).


pepagan

Holonym: pohon


kebanyakan

From Malay kebanyakan, from Classical Malay kebanyakan (“most”), equivalent to banyak + ke- -an.


membanyak

From Malay membanyak,
from Classical Malay membanyak. Equivalent to
From meng- + banyak.

(intransitive) to increase in number, to multiply, to become a lot


membanyaki

(transitive) to overcome in number or size


berumur

bêrumur (canonical)
beroemoer (alternative)

From Malay berumur, from Classical Malay berumur. Equivalent to ber- + umur.

Dia berumur 25 tahun

He's 25 years old (lit. "he has 25 years of age")

(intransitive) to come of age, to reach maturity


tanda petik

tanda pêtik (canonical)
tanda-tanda petik (plural)


panci

From Dutch pannetje, from pan, from Middle Dutch panne, from Old Dutch *panna, from Latin panna, contraction of patina.


penumpang

From Malay penumpang,
from Classical Malay penumpang (“lodger”). Equivalent to
From peng- + tumpang.


kendara

kendara-kendara (plural)
kendera (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Malay kendera, kendara, from Classical Malay کندرا (kendera), کندرا (kendara),
* Equivalent to ke- (“towards to”) + edar (“to turn”) + -in- (“continuous”). Compare to Old Javanese indra, indĕr, idĕr (“to wander; to turn around”).

cog

vehicle, a conveyance; a device for carrying or transporting substances, objects or individuals


pengendara

id-noun

pêngêndara (plural pengendara-pengendara or para pengendara)

pêngêndara (canonical)
pengendara-pengendara (plural)
para pengendara (plural)


kemudi

kêmudi (canonical)
kemoedi (alternative)

Borrowed from Old Javanese ꦏꦩꦸḍꦆ (kamuḍi).

bor+

steering (equipment used to control direction; something used to steer)


berkemudi

bêrkêmudi (canonical)
berkemoedi (alternative)


berkemudi

(intransitive) to drive (to operate a wheeled motorized vehicle)


bermusim

Buah jeruk hanya tumbuh pada musimnya, sekarang belum bermusim.

Oranges only grow on their [growing] season, [but] now they have not yet reached their season.

(intransitive) to reach a particular season, reach one's season

(intransitive, of plants) to have a particular season to grow, have a growing season


mustahak

From Arabic مُسْتَحَقّ (mustaḥaqq, “deserved”).


mustahik

From Arabic مُسْتَحِقّ (mustaḥiqq, “deserving; one who deserves”), from the active participle of اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa).


tepi

rim: an edge around something, especially when circular

side: a bounding straight edge of a two-dimensional shape

bank, shore (of watercourse, body of water)

the line or frontier area separating political or geographical regions

a decorative strip around the edge of something

periphery: the outside boundary, parts or surface of something


kendati

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kendati</i>


jangankan

Jangankan belajar, baca saja dia tak bisa.


bagai

Inherited from Malay bagai, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bagay (“same kind or type; fitting; well-matched; suitable”).


keranda

Inherited from Malay keranda (“coffin”), from Pali karaṇḍa (“basket”), from Sanskrit करण्ड (karaṇḍa, “basket”).

bier (a litter to transport the corpse of a dead person)


mala-

From Malay mala-, from Old Javanese mala-, from Sanskrit मल (mala, “dirt, filth, impurity”), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“black”). Doublet of mala.


perkara

pêrkara (canonical)
perkara-perkara (plural)

From Malay perkara, from Sanskrit प्रकार (prakāra, “manner”).


lahan

From Javanese lahan (ꦭꦲꦤ꧀, “unplanted area”), laha (“empty, quiet”).


lahan

From Malay lahan, from Classical Malay lahan, from Arabic لَحْن (laḥn).


malversatie

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch malversatie (“malversation”), from Middle French malversation.


hidrogen asetat

id-noun

hidrogèn asétat (plural hidrogen-hidrogen asetat)

hidrogèn asétat (canonical)
hidrogen-hidrogen asetat (plural)


asam asetat

asam asétat (canonical)
asam-asam asetat (plural)

→ Javanese: ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦲꦱꦺꦠꦠ꧀ (asem asétat)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) acetic acid


asam cuka

→ Javanese: ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦕꦸꦏ (asem cuka)

Compound of asam (“acid”) + cuka (“vinegar”).


asam amino

Compound of asam + amino, calque of Dutch aminozuur, from German Aminosäure.


bahas

head

bahas (base bahas, imperative bahas, active membahas, ordinary passive dibahas, adversative passive terbahas)

bahas (imperative)
membahas (active)
bahas (root)
membahas (active nominative)
terbahas (nominative passive)
dibahas (nominative passive)
bahas (nominative)
bahaslah (nominative)
membahasi (active)
dibahasi (passive)
bahasi
bahasilah
membahaskan (active)
terbahaskan (passive)
dibahaskan (passive)
bahaskan
bahaskanlah

Inherited from Malay bahas, from Arabic بَحْث (baḥṯ).

(transitive, imperative, colloquial) to talk about, to discuss

(transitive, imperative, colloquial) to investigate, to inspect


tertib

[t̪ərˈt̪ɪp̚]

From Malay tertib, from Arabic تَرْتِيب (tartīb, “order, sequence”).


seperah

seperah-seperah (plural)
safrah (alternative)


serikat

sêrikat (canonical)
serikat-serikat (plural)
sarekat (alternative nonstandard)
syarikat (alternative)

From Malay serikat, from Classical Malay شريكت (syarikat), سريكت (serikat), from Arabic شَرِكَة (šarika). Doublet of syarikat.

Amerika Serikat


alih aksara

Compound alih (“trans-”) + aksara (“writing system, letter”), calque of English transliteration.

compound

transliteration: the act or product of transliterating, of representing letters or words in the characters of another alphabet or script


alih bahasa

From alih (“trans-”) + bahasa (“language”), calque of English translation.

translation: the conversion of text from one language to another


acak

Bilangan acak


terlunta-lunta

Sekitar 600.000 anak-anak Rohingya terlunta-lunta akibat kekerasan di Negara Bagian Rakhine. Mereka terpaksa mengungsi ke Bangladesh demi mendapatkan keamanan, sebagian tanpa pendampingan.

2017 September 18, “600.000 Anak Rohingya Terlunta [600,000 Rohingya Children Suffering from Hardship]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2019-12-05:

Approximately 600,000 Rohingya children are suffering from hardship due to violence in the state of Rakhine. They are forced to flee to Bangladesh to obtain peace, some without assistance.

often in a state of misfortune or suffering from hardship


terlunta

From Malay terlunta. Equivalent to ter- + lunta.


cakram

From Sanskrit चक्रम् (cakram), the singular declension of Sanskrit चक्र (cakra), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos. Doublet of cakra and siklus.


panjenengan

(Central Java, formal) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours

saudara

used for people of either gender of equal status

bapak

father; lit. ; used for men of higher status

ibu

mother; lit. ; used for women of higher status


kamerad

kamêrad (canonical)
kamerad-kamerad (plural)

From Dutch kameraad, from French camarade, from Spanish camarada or Italian camerata, from Medieval Latin *camarata, from Latin camara, camera (“a chamber”). Doublet of kamar and kamera.

comrade (a mate, companion, or associate)

(communism) comrade (a fellow socialist, communist or other similarly politically aligned person)

a non-hierarchical title, functionally similar to "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Miss", "Ms." etc, in a communist or socialist state.


ketertiban

Affixed tertib + ke- -an. Translation of Japanese 規律(きりつ) (kiritsu, “discipline, order; regulation, rule”), see kiritu.


menganehkan

dianehkan (passive)
aneh (root)
menganehkan (active)
teranehkan (passive)
dianehkan (passive)
anehkan
anehkanlah
memperanehkan (active causative)
terperanehkan (causative passive)
diperanehkan (causative passive)
peranehkan (causative)
peranehkanlah (causative)

Semua orang menganehkan tingkah lakunya.

(transitive) to find odd, to deem strange


PPA

(healthcare, insurance) Acronym of profesional pemberi asuhan (“care provider professional”).


upal

Acronym of uang palsu (“counterfeit money”).


bakhil

Inherited from Malay bakhil, from Arabic بَخِيل (baḵīl).


mempermurah

(transitive) to make cheaper, more inexpensive


memurah

(intransitive) to become cheap or cheaper


memurahkan

(transitive) to make cheap, inexpensive; to lower the price of, to cheapen


bagaimana

From Malay bagaimana.
Equivalent to bagai + mana.

Bagaimana hubunganmu dengan ayahmu?

How is your relationship with your father?

Mereka semua mendapatkan apa yang mereka mau, tetapi bagaimana denganku?

They all get what they want, but what about me?

Bagaimana cara kau menggambar manga?

how, in what manner (often followed by cara (“way, manner”))


seberapa

Seberapa kuat Anda?

Seberapa sering?


cakrawala

From Malay cakerawala, from Sanskrit चक्रवाल (cakravāla).


cakrawati

From Malay cakerawati, from Pali cakkavatti, from Sanskrit चक्रवत् (cakravat, “oilman, emperor, name of Viṣṇu”), चक्रवर्तिन् (cakravartin, “world-ruler”, literally “wheel-turner”).

der

Synonym of kepala negara (“head of state”)


prasada

From Javanese ꦥꦿꦱꦢ (prasada, “candi, building, palace”), from Old Javanese prāsāda (“lofty building, temple”), from Sanskrit प्रासाद (prāsāda, “palace”). Doublet of persada.


persada

pêrsada (canonical)
persada-persada (plural)

From Malay persada, from Sanskrit प्रासाद (prāsāda, “palace”). Doublet of prasada.


cendala

cêndala (canonical)
tjendala (alternative)

From Malay cendala, from Classical Malay cendala, from Pali caṇḍāla, from Sanskrit चण्डाल (caṇḍāla, “wicked, outcast”). Doublet of jendala and sundal.


celaka

From Malay celaka, from Sanskrit छलक (chalaka, “delusive, cheating”).


cempaka

cêmpaka (canonical)
cempaka-cempaka (plural)

From Malay cempaka, from Sanskrit चम्पक (campaka).

Magnolia champaca
Magnolia champaca#Translingual


cendekia

cêndêkia (canonical)
cendikia (alternative nonstandard)

From Malay cendekia, from Sanskrit चाणक्य (cāṇakya, “Chanakya: name of an ancient Indian teacher”).

secendekia

as intellectual as; as quick-witted or witty as


cenangga

cênangga (canonical)
cangga (alternative)

From Sanskrit छिन्न (chinna, “broken, chopped, destroyed, exhausted”) + अङ्ग (aṅga, “body”).


cenderasa

From Malay cenderasa (“magical sword”), from Sanskrit चन्द्रहास (candrahāsa, “name of the Ravana sword”, literally “the laughter of the moon”).


cenderawasih

cêndêrawasih (canonical)
cenderawasih-cenderawasih (plural)
cendrawasih (alternative)

From Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra, “moon, glittering, shinning”) + वाशी (vāśī, “roar, cry”).


cengkerama

From Malay cengkerama, from Sanskrit चङ्क्रम (caṅkrama, “going, moving, walking”).


cengkerawak

From Malay cengkerawak, from Sanskrit चक्रवाक (cakravāka, “ruddy goose”).

Trachycomus zeylanicus, Pycnonotus zeylanicus


georadar

(mining) georadar, ground-penetrating radar


cipta

From Malay cipta, cita, from Javanese ꦕꦶꦥ꧀ꦠ (cipta), from Pali citta, from Sanskrit चित्त (citta). Doublet of cita.


curiga

From Malay curiga, from Sanskrit छुरिका (churikā, “knive”).
* Hoogervorst (2007) propose semantic loan from Old Javanese culika, which based on Sanskrit क्षुल्लक (kṣullaka, “wicked, vile”).


curiga

Saya curiga dia yang curi uang.


sangsi

From Pali saṃsaya (“doubt”), from Sanskrit संशय (saṃśaya, “doubt; uncertainty; irresolution; hesitation”). Cognate with Khmer សង្ស័យ (sɑɑsɑngsay), Lao ສົງໃສ (song sai), Thai สงสัย (sǒng-sǎi).


sanksi

From Dutch sanctie (“sanction”), from French sanction, from Middle French [Term?], from Latin sānctiō.


dadih

From Malay dadih (“curd”), from Sanskrit दधि (dadhi, “coagulated milk, thick and sour milk”).


daitia

From Sanskrit दैत्य (daitya, “demon, liquor”, literally “son of Diti”). Cognate of Balinese ᬤᬿᬢ᭄ᬬ (“giant”).


derita

From Malay derita, from Sanskrit दरित (darita, “torn”).


angsana

angsana-angsana (plural)
sana (alternative)

From Malay angsana, from Sanskrit असन (asana). Doublet of asana.

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual


kursus

kursus-kursus (plural)
cursus (alternative)

From Dutch cursus (“course”), from Latin cursus. Doublet of kurs.


digdaya

From Sanskrit दिग्जय (digjaya, “conquest of all directions”).


satuan

From Malay satuan. Equivalent to satu + -an. Semantic loan from Dutch eenheid for science sense.

(sciences) a standard measure of a quantity

an organized group comprising people and/or equipment


konsistori

From Dutch consistorie, from Late Latin consistorium (“waiting room, meeting place of the imperial council”).

consistory,
(Christianity) church council

(Catholicism) an assembly of prelates; a session of the college of cardinals at Rome


kehausan

the condition producing the sensation of thirst


ikut

Inherited from Malay ikut. Compare Tagalog ikot.


lansia

id-noun

lansia (plural lansia-lansia or para lansia)

lansia-lansia (plural)
para lansia (plural)

Blend of lanjut (“proceed”) + usia (“age”)


supir

id-noun

supir (plural supir-supir or para supir)

supir-supir (plural)
para supir (plural)

informal spelling of sopir (“chauffeur; driver”).


paspor

paspor-paspor (plural)
pasport (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch paspoort, from Middle Dutch passepoort, from Middle French passeport.


jasad

From Malay jasad, from Arabic جَسَد (jasad, “body; corpse”).


Armeni

(obsolete) a person from Armenia or of Armenian descent; Armenian


jemaah

jêmaah (canonical)
jemaah-jemaah (plural)

From Malay jemaah, from Arabic جَمَاعَة (jamāʕa). Doublet of jemaat.


baginda

Affixed *bagi + -anda, from Malay baginda, from Classical Malay baginda (“his majesty”), from Old Malay baginda. Probably from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya).

he, she (honorific, usually used for monarch)


kecewa

From Malay kecewa, from Old Javanese kuciwa (“disappointing”).


orientasi seksual

orièntasi sèksual (plural orientasi-orientasi seksual)

orièntasi sèksual (canonical)
orientasi-orientasi seksual (plural)


tempayan

Inherited from Malay tempayan, nasalization of tapaian. Equivalent to tapai + -an.

large, wide-mouthed earthenware or stoneware jar


cinta satu malam

From cinta (“love”) + satu (“one”) + malam (“night”), literally “one night's love”, calque of English one-night stand. Coined in the 2009 song Cinta satu malam sang by Melinda.


dikotomi

Borrowed from Dutch dichotomie, from French dichotomie, from Ancient Greek διχοτομία (dikhotomía).


tutur

id-noun

tutur (countable and uncountable, plural tutur-tutur)

Inherited from Malay tutur, from Proto-Malayic *tutur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutur (“to speak clearly and deliberately”). Compare Tagalog tutol (“objection, appeal”).

inh

(linguistics) parole (language in use, as opposed to language as a system)


jintan

jintan-jintan (plural)
jinten (alternative)

From Malay jintan, from Old Javanese jinten ~ ginten, from Hindi जीरा (jīrā, “cumin”), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀭𑀕 (jīraga), from Sanskrit जीरक (jīraka).


cetiya

Learned borrowing from Pali cetiya, from Sanskrit चैत्य (caitya).

(Buddhism) cetiya: places used by Buddhists to remember Gautama Buddha


donasi

From Dutch donatie (“donation”), from Middle French donation, from Latin dōnātiōnem, accusative singular of dōnātiō.


takal

takal-takal (plural)
takel (alternative)

From Dutch takel, from Middle Dutch takel.


MPR

Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat
w:id:Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat

(government, politics) Initialism of Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat.


beres

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦺꦫꦺꦱ꧀ (bèrès, “settled”), probably derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer [Term?].


pendahuluan

pêndahuluan (canonical)
pendahuluan-pendahuluan (plural)

Affixed dahulu + peng- -an, Inherited from Malay pendahuluan.

foreword: an introductory section preceding the main text of a book or other document; a preface or introduction, especially written by publisher or editor

preface: the beginning or introductory portion that comes before the main text of a document or book, especially written by the author

introduction: an initial section of a book or article, which introduces the subject material

prelude: an introductory or preliminary performance or event


himpun

himpun (root)
berhimpun (active nominative)
terhimpun (nominative passive)
dihimpun (nominative passive)
himpun (nominative)
himpunlah (nominative)
menghimpunkan (active)
terhimpunkan (passive)
dihimpunkan (passive)
himpunkan
himpunkanlah
memperhimpunkan (active causative)
terperhimpunkan (causative passive)
diperhimpunkan (causative passive)
perhimpunkan (causative)
perhimpunkanlah (causative)
himpun (root)
menghimpun (active nominative)
terhimpun (nominative passive)
dihimpun (nominative passive)
himpun (nominative)
himpunlah (nominative)
menghimpunkan (active)
terhimpunkan (passive)
dihimpunkan (passive)
himpunkan
himpunkanlah
memperhimpunkan (active causative)
terperhimpunkan (causative passive)
diperhimpunkan (causative passive)
perhimpunkan (causative)
perhimpunkanlah (causative)
himpoen (alternative)

From Malay himpun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qi(m)pun. Cognate to Tagalog ipon.


makhluk

id-noun

makhluk (plural makhluk-makhluk or para makhluk)

makhluk-makhluk (plural)
para makhluk (plural)

From Malay makhluk, from Arabic مَخْلُوق (maḵlūq, “creature”).


makhluk halus

makhluk (“creature, being”) + halus (“invisible”)


peran

Inherited from Malay ڤرن (peran, “clown”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">peran</i>

inh+

(drama) clown, jester (in makyung show or menora show)

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