bang

From Malay bang, from Persian بانگ (bâng, “voice, sound, noise, cry”), from Middle Persian 𐭥𐭠𐭭𐭢 (ʿʾng /vāng/).


à

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch à, from French à, from Old French a, a merge of Latin ad and ab.

Lama perjalanan yang ditempuh 20 à 30 menit.

The journey takes around 20 to 30 minutes.

Near-synonym: masing-masing

Dia membeli 5 sisir pisang à Rp 5.000.

He bought five fingers of bananas for Rp. 5,000 each.

(rare) indicates the price of a thing etc. per each


apron

Internationalism, borrowed from English apron.

(fashion) an article of clothing worn over the front of the torso and/or legs for protection from spills; also historically worn by Freemasons and as part of women's fashion

(aviation) the paved area of an airport, especially the area where aircraft park away from a terminal

(drama) the portion of a stage extending towards the audience beyond the proscenium arch in a theatre


banal

From Malay banal, from Dutch banaal, from French banal, from Medieval Latin bannalis, from bannum.


aspirin

From Dutch aspirine, from the German trademark Aspirin, from acetylierte Spirsäure (literally “acetylated spiraeic acid”).


aqua

A genericized trademark of the Indonesian trademark Aqua, from Latin aqua (“water”).


amalgam

From Dutch amalgaam, from French amalgame, from Latin amalgama, from Medieval Latin amalgama (“mercury alloy”), from Arabic اَلْمَلْغَم (al-malḡam, “emollient poultice or unguent for sores”), from Ancient Greek μάλαγμα (málagma, “emollient; malleable material”), from μαλάσσω (malássō, “to soften”), from μαλακός (malakós, “soft”).

amalgam:
(chemistry) an alloy containing mercury

(dentistry) material of silver tooth fillings

amalgam:
material of silver tooth fillings


binomial

Borrowed from Dutch binomiaal, from Late Latin binōmium + -al.

(algebra) binomial, a polynomial with two terms

(algebra) binomial, a quantity expressed as the sum or difference of two terms

(taxonomy) binomial, a scientific name at the rank of species, with two terms: a generic name and a specific name


bagel

From English bagel, from Yiddish בייגל (beygl), ultimately from a diminutive of Middle High German bouc, boug- (“ring, bracelet”), from Old High German boug (“ring”), from Proto-Germanic *baugaz (“ring”).

(cooking) bagel: a toroidal bread roll that is boiled before it is baked


urita

From Old Javanese wrĕta, wṛtta (“metre; event; rumour, news”)), from Sanskrit वृत्त (vṛtta). Doublet of berita, warta, and urit.


Bali

From Balinese ᬩᬮᬶ, possibly from Sanskrit बलि-द्वीप (bali-dvīpa, “island of offerings”) or Sanskrit वली-द्वीप (valī-dvīpa, “island of waves”). From Sanskrit बलि (bali), Sanskrit वली (valī) or Sanskrit वलि (vali) and from Sanskrit द्वीप (dvīpa). Cf. Java.

Bali (an island and province of Indonesia)


Bali

Balinese (of, or relating to Bali, or its inhabitants, language)


bar

From Dutch bar, from English bar, from Middle English barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin.

bar, pub: an establishment where alcohol and sometimes other refreshments are served


bar

From Dutch bar, from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”), coined c. 1900.

(physics) bar: a non-SI unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals, approximately equal to atmospheric pressure at sea level


Jakarta

Derives from Sanskrit जयकर्ता (jayakartā, “that which causes victory”), from जय (jaya, “glory”) + कर्ता (kartā, “doer, accomplisher”).

compound

Jakarta (a province and capital city of Indonesia)


Surinam

Alternative spelling of Suriname: Suriname (a country in South America)


tapas

coir for washing kitchen utensils, made of coarse-textured synthetic fibers


tapas

From English tapas, from Spanish tapas, plural of tapa, with original sense of “top”.

(cooking) tapas: a variety of Spanish small food items or snacks, originally served with sherry


koper

kopêr (canonical)
koper-koper (plural)
kopor (alternative nonstandard)

briefcase (A case used for carrying documents, especially for business)

suitcase (A large piece of luggage used for carrying clothes, and sometimes suits, when travelling)


tau

(colloquial) Alternative form of tahu (“to know”)


tau

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ταῦ (taû).

lbor

tau (the letter Τ /τ in the Greek alphabet; being the nineteenth letter of the Classical and Modern Greek, and the twenty-first letter of the Old and Ancient Greek alphabets)


nihil

Borrowed from Dutch nihil, from Latin nihil.


fan

From English fan (“a person who is fond of something or someone”), clipping of fanatic.

bor

fan: a person who is fond of something or someone


fail

From English file, from Old French fil (“thread”), from Latin filum (“thread”). Compare to Malay fail.

a collection of papers collated and archived together

(computing) an aggregation of data on a storage device, identified by a name


Swiss

From English Swiss, reinforced by French Suisse.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


sel

Borrowed from Dutch cel (“cell”), from Middle Dutch celle, from Latin cella.

cell
a small room or compartment
prison cell

cell
a small room or compartment
cloister cell

(biology) basic unit of a living organism

(chemistry, electricity, physics) the basic unit of a battery


sel

Borrowed from English cel, clipping of celluloid.

cel: a piece of celluloid on which has been drawn a frame of an animated film


ampere

ampèrê (canonical)
ampere-ampere (plural)

From Dutch ampère, from French ampère, named after André-Marie Ampère.


coulomb

Unadapted borrowing from French coulomb.

International System of Units
International System of Units

(physics) coulomb: In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electric charge; the amount of electric charge carried by a current of 1 ampere flowing for 1 second. Symbol: C


radius

(mathematics) a line segment between any point of a circle or sphere and its center; the length of this line segment

(anatomy) the long bone in the forearm, on the side of the thumb

area of a circle, commonly with epicenter as center


femto-

From English femto-, from Danish femten (“fifteen”), and the previous name of the femtometre, the fermi.

femto-: in the International System of Units and other metric systems of units, multiplying the unit to which it is attached by 10−15. Symbol: f


in-

From Dutch in-, from French in-, from Latin in- (“un-, not”).

in-: used with certain words to reverse their meaning


fatwa

fatwa-fatwa (plural)
petuah (alternative)

From Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”), the verbal noun of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”). Doublet of petuah.

(figurative) advice from elder or pious people


judo

ja-r

柔(じゅう)道(どう) (jūdō)


altar

Borrowed from Dutch altaar, from Latin altāre.

altar (flat-topped structure used for religious rites)

(nautical term) a ladder on a ship's dock used to get up and down to and from the dock floor


manual

From English manual, from Anglo-Norman manuel, from Old French manual, from Latin manuālis, from manus (“hand”).


manual

performed by a human rather than a machine


Allah

From Malay Allah, from Classical Malay Allah (“Allah; God”); from Arabic اَللّٰه (allāh); ultimately from Proto-Semitic *ʾil-.

Akulah TUHAN (YHWH), Allahmu (your God), yang membawa engkau keluar dari tanah Mesir, dari tempat perbudakan. (Keluaran 20:2)

I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery. (Exodus 20:2)


tuna

From Arabic تُنَّ (tunna), تُنّ (tunn), from Latin thunnus, from Ancient Greek θύννος (thúnnos).

tuna, any of several species of fish of the genus Thunnus in the family Scombridae


tuna

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese tuna (“deficient, failing, lacking”), from Sanskrit तुन्न (tunna, “struck, hurt”).


barber

barbêr (canonical)
barber-barber (plural)
barbier (alternative)
barbir (alternative rare)


kelapa

From Malay kelapa, from Classical Malay kelapa (cognate of Old Javanese kalapa, Javanese ꦏ꧀ꦭꦥ (klapa), Sundanese kalapa), probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *k-al-aqpaq (compare Indonesian pelepah from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *palaqpaq, reconstructed from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *p-al-aqpaq).

Dia memanjati kelapa untuk mengambil buahnya.

He climbed the coconut palm to get the fruit.

Aku makan kelapa.

round, knuckle: a cut of hindquarters of a bovine


panda

From Dutch panda, from French panda, apparently from regional Tibetan ཕོ་ཉ (pho nya).

Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Ailuropoda melanoleuca#Translingual

panda, giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca


kopi

id-noun

kopi (countable and uncountable, plural kopi-kopi)

From Malay kopi, from English coffee, from Dutch koffie, from Italian caffè, from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve) (Turkish kahve), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee”). Doublet of kafe.

coffee (a beverage made by infusing the beans of the coffee plant in hot water)

(countable) coffe (the seeds of the plant or the powder from used to make coffee)


kopi

* From Dutch kopie, from French copie, from Medieval Latin copia (“reproduction, transcript”), from Latin cōpia (“plenty, abundance”), from *coopia, from co- (“together”) + ops (“wealth, riches”).
* From Dutch kopij (“manuscript”), variant of kopie, see above.

der

copy (result of copying; an identical duplication)


kopi

to copy (to produce something identical)


wasabi

Borrowed from Japanese 山葵(わさび) (wasabi).

Japanese horseradish
Japanese horseradish

(cooking) wasabi, the Japanese horseradish (Eutrema japonicum, Wasabia japonica)


kru

From English crew, from Middle English crue, from Old French creue (“an increase, recruit, military reinforcement”), the feminine past participle of creistre (“grow”), from Latin crescere (“to arise, grow”).


labia

Learned borrowing from Latin labia (“lips”), plural of labium (“lip”).

lbor

(anatomy) labia: The folds of tissue of the vulva, at either side of the vagina


liar

uncivilized, uncultured, primitive, barbaric, savage, wild

illegal, unlawful, outlawed, unauthorized


atlas

From Dutch atlas, from Latin Atlas, from the name of the Ancient Greek mythological figure Ἄτλας (Átlas, “Bearer (of the Heavens)”), from τλῆναι (tlênai, “to suffer”, “to endure”, “to bear”).

a bound collection of maps often including tables, illustrations or other text

(anatomy) the uppermost vertebra of the neck

atlas:
the uppermost vertebra of the neck


plan

Borrowed from Dutch plan, from French plan (“a ground-plot of a building”), from plan (“flat”), a later form of the vernacular plain, from Latin planus (“flat, plane”). Doublet of pelan.

der

pelan (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

plan, a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal


drama

From Dutch drama, from Late Latin drāma, from Ancient Greek δρᾶμα (drâma). Doublet of dorama.

a composition, normally in prose, telling a story and intended to be represented by actors impersonating the characters and speaking the dialogue

(colloquial) tragedy, a disastrous event, especially one involving great loss of life or injury


front

the foremost side of something or the end that faces the direction it normally moves

an area where armies are engaged in conflict, especially the line of contact

(rough translation) a unified movement or joint movement in achieving a political or ideological goal


video

From English video, from the root vide of Latin videō (“I see”) + -o.

a short film clip, with or without audio (as in a music video, or one of the plethora of user-generated short movies on sites such as YouTube)

motion picture stored on VHS or some other format


retail

rétail (canonical)
retail-retail (plural)
ritel (alternative)

Borrowed from English retail, from Old French retaillier. Doublet of ritel.

retail, the sale of goods directly to the consumer, encompassing the storefronts, mail-order, websites, etc., and the corporate mechanisms, branding, advertising, etc. that support them


propaganda

From Dutch propaganda, from New Latin propāganda, short for Congregātiō dē Propagandā Fide.


melon

From English melon, from Middle English meloun, melon, from Old French melon, from Late Latin melonem, from Latin melopeponem (“type of pumpkin”), from Ancient Greek μηλοπέπων (mēlopépōn), from μῆλον (mêlon, “apple”) + πέπων (pépōn, “ripe”).

Cucumis melo subsp. melo
Wikispecies:Cucumis melo subsp. melo

muskmelon; cantaloupe (a type of melon, Cucumis melo subsp. melo, with sweet orange flesh and a rough skin resembling netting)


linen

linên (canonical)
linen-linen (plural)
lènan (alternative)
linan (alternative)
linén (alternative)

From Dutch linnen, from Middle Dutch linijn, from Proto-West Germanic *līnīn (“made of flax”), from Proto-Germanic *līną (“flax”), from Proto-Indo-European *līno- (“flax”).


papa

From Sanskrit पाप (pāpa, “bad, evil, low”).


AS

Amerika Serikat
Amerika Serikat#Indonesian


ini

From Malay ini, from Proto-Malayic *(i)ni(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)ni, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)ni.

1999, Potret, Kentut Siapa?, Aquarius Musikindo

It's only natural and everyone has done it before


ini

this (known (thing) about to be mentioned)

this (known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience)


ini

this (The thing, item, etc. being indicated)


main

From Malay main, from Proto-Malayic *maim, a reduction from Pre-Proto-Malayic *q-um-ayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam (“domesticated animal, toy”). In the sense of dummy word, influenced by Kupang Malay maen. Doublet of ayam (“chicken”).

inh

main ngancam


je

From Dutch jee. Doublet of ye. Represented Dutch-derived J (pronounced /j/, modern Y) before 1972.

The name of the Latin-script letter J/j.

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Superseded spelling of ye.


Jepang

Jêpang (canonical)
Djepang (alternative)

From Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún).

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


Jepang

Japanese (of, from or relating to Japan)


roman

Borrowed from Malay roman, from Dutch roman.

(literature) novel: a work of prose fiction, longer than a novella

(colloquial) apocopic form of romansa (“love story”)


roman

roman muka bumi


ghetto

Unadapted borrowing from Italian ghetto, from Venetan ghèto (“foundry”).


saber

Borrowed from Malay [Term?] (Bangka dialect).

(dialect) the technique of catching fish by damming a river using wood


pare

From Javanese ꦥꦫꦺ (paré). Doublet of paria and pěria.


souvenir

souvênir (canonical)
souvenir-souvenir (plural)


sein

From Dutch sein (“signal”), from Old French seigne, a northern variant of signe, from Latin signum. Doublet of sinyal.

short for lampu sein (“indicator, turn signal”).


slip

* From Dutch slip, the deverbal of slippen. Apparently from Middle Low German slippen. Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *slewbʰ- (“slip, slide”).
* Semantic loan from English slip (“small piece of paper”) for sense of small piece of paper, which came from above.


slip

From English slip, from Middle English slyp, slep, slyppe, from Old English slyp, slyppe, slipa (“a viscous, slimy substance”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *sleupaną (“to slip, sneak”), possibly connected with Proto-Indo-European *slewb-, *slewbʰ- (“slip, slide”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“to sneak, crawl”); or alternatively from Proto-Germanic *slippijaną (“to glide”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleyb- (“slimy; to glide”).

der

(archaeology, ceramics) slip: a thin, slippery mix of clay and water


sumo

(sports) sumo (Japanese traditional wrestling)


dugong

dugong-dugong (plural)
duyung (alternative)

From English dugong, from Cebuano dugong.


pater

From Dutch pater, from Latin pater, from Proto-Italic *patēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.


frater

fratêr (canonical)
frater-frater (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch frater, from Latin frāter, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of bruder.

(Catholicism) a candidate for priesthood


abbas

(Catholicism) Alternative spelling of abas (“abbot”)


alumnus

id-noun

alumnus (plural alumnus-alumnus or para alumnus or alumni)

alumnus-alumnus (plural)
para alumnus (plural)
alumni (plural)

Dia seorang alumnus Universitas Oxford


label

From French label (with possibility of indirect loan via Dutch label), from English label, from Middle English label (“narrow band, strip of cloth”), from Old French label, lambel (Modern French lambeau), from Frankish *lappā (“torn piece of cloth”), from Proto-Germanic *lappǭ, *lappô (“cloth stuff, rag, scraps, flap, dewlap, lobe, rabbit ear”), from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“blade”). Cognate with Old High German lappa (“rag, piece of cloth”), Old English læppa (“skirt, flap of a garment”).

cog

a small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached

(computing) a user-defined alias for a numerical designation, the reverse of an enumeration


datum

From Dutch datum, from Middle Dutch datum, from Latin datum (“given”, past participle).

(rare) Synonym of tanggal (“date, day and month”)

(cartography, engineering) a fixed reference point, or a coordinate system


diagnosis

diagnosis-diagnosis (plural)
diagnosis (root)
mendiagnosis (active nominative)
terdiagnosis (nominative passive)
didiagnosis (nominative passive)
diagnosis (nominative)
diagnosislah (nominative)
diagnosa (alternative proscribed)
diagnose (alternative proscribed rare)

Learned borrowing from Latin diagnōsis, from Ancient Greek διάγνωσις (diágnōsis), from διαγιγνώσκω (diagignṓskō, “to discern”), from διά (diá, “through”) + γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “to know”). Doublet of diagnosa and diagnose.

(medicine) the identification of the nature and cause of an illness

the identification of the nature and cause of something (of any nature)


diagnosis

diagnosa (alternative proscribed)
diagnose (alternative proscribed rare)


fungus

fungus (any member of the kingdom Fungi)


medium

médium (canonical)
medium-medium (plural)
media (alternative)

* From Dutch medium, from Latin medium.
* Semantic loan from English medium for a measurement intermediate between extremes.

anything having a measurement intermediate between extremes

the means, channel, or agency by which an aim is achieved

someone who supposedly conveys information from the spirit world

(physics) the materials or empty space through which signals, waves or forces pass

(biology) a nutrient solution for the growth

medium,
a nutrient solution for the growth


oasis

From Late Latin Oasis, from Ancient Greek Ὄασις (Óasis), from Demotic wḥj, from Egyptian wḥꜣt (“oasis, cauldron”), G43-V28-G1-X1:N25Doublet of wahah.

a spring of fresh water, surrounded by a fertile region of vegetation, in a desert

(figuratively) a quiet, peaceful place or situation separated from surrounding noise or bustle

(figuratively) a place or situation of fruitfulness or abundance separated from surrounding barrenness or scarcity


stimulus

From Dutch stimulus, from Latin stimulus (“goad, prick”).


stratum

From Dutch stratum, from Latin stratum. Doublet of setrat and strata.

(geology) stratum, a layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout


ikan

Inherited from Malay ikan, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ikan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hikan, from Proto-Austronesian *Sikan. The last component -kan is related to makan (“to eat”).


trailer

trailêr (canonical)
trailer-trailer (plural)
tréler (alternative)

From Dutch trailer, from English trailer.

(film) trailer, a preview of a film, video game or TV show


Venus

(rare)

(astronomy) the second planet in the Solar system, named for the goddess; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♀

(Roman mythology) the Roman goddess of love, beauty, fertility, and sexuality


lupa

From Malay lupa, from Proto-Malayic *lupa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa. Compare to Tetum luha (“to forget”), Yamdena namlufe (“to forget”), Nias olifu.


aber

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦼꦂ (aber), from Old Javanese abĕr (“to slow”).


lento

Unadapted borrowing from Italian lento, from Latin lentus.


lento

Borrowed from Javanese ꦊꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴ (lento, “swelling”).

bor+

(cooking) snack made from ground, seasoned, hand-rolled, then fried mung beans


anal

From Dutch anaal, from French anal, from Latin ānālis.

anal: of, related to, intended for or involving the anus


zona

zona-zona (plural)
zone (alternative)
zon (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin zōna, from Ancient Greek ζώνη (zṓnē).

(geography) each of the five regions of the earth's surface into which it was divided by climatic differences, namely the torrid zone (between the tropics), two temperate zones (between the tropics and the polar circles), and two frigid zones (within the polar circles)

any given region or area of the world; a given area distinguished on the basis of a particular characteristic, use, restriction, etc.


metropolis

From Ancient Greek μητρόπολις (mētrópolis, “mother city”).

der

(history, especially Ancient Greece) metropolis (colony’s mother city)

(urban studies) metropolis (large, busy city)

metropolitan bishop
metropolitan bishop#English

(Orthodox Christianity) metropolis (see of a metropolitan bishop, ranking above its suffragan diocesan bishops)


ton

From Dutch ton, from Middle Dutch tonne, from Old French [Term?], from Latin tunna, tonna, itself from a Celtic word cognate to Irish tonn (“skin”).

tonne, metric ton: a unit of weight (mass) equal to 1000 kilograms

register ton, a unit of a ship's capacity equal to 100 cubic feet or 2.83 m³

long ton, weight ton: the avoirdupois or Imperial ton of 2,240 pounds (1,016.0469 kg)


ton

From Dutch toon, from Middle Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.


bonjour

Unadapted borrowing from French bonjour (“greetings; hello”).


rad

(metrology) rad, a non-SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation, equal to 0.01 gray


rad

From Dutch raad (“council”), from Middle Dutch râet, from Old Dutch rāt, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaz.


rob

From Javanese ꦫꦺꦴꦧ꧀ (rob, “to rise”), from Old Javanese rob, rwab (“high tide, high water”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *Ruab, from Proto-Austronesian *Ruab. Doublet of luap.


semester

sêmèstêr (canonical)
semester-semester (plural)

From Dutch semester, from German Semester, from New Latin sēmestris ("lasting six months"), from sex (“six”) + mēnsis (“month”).

semester:
a period or term of six months

(education) half of a school year or academic year

semester:
half of a school year or academic year


trimester

trimèstêr (canonical)
trimester-trimester (plural)

From Dutch trimester, from French trimestre, from Latin trimestris (“of three months”), from trēs (“three”) + mensis (“month”).

trimester: a period of three months or about three months

(obstetrics) divisions of pregnancy period, each lasting for approximately 3 months


per

pèr (canonical)
per-per (plural)
pir (alternative nonstandard)

From Dutch veer (“feather, spring”), a contraction of veder, from Middle Dutch vedere, from Old Dutch fethara, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). The sense "spring" is derived from the ability of feathers to resume their shape when bent.

spring, a mechanical device made of flexible or coiled material that exerts force and attempts to spring back when bent, compressed, or stretched


per

pêr (canonical)
pir (alternative nonstandard)

From Dutch per, from Latin per (“through, during”), from Proto-Indo-European *per.

to each, in each (used in expressing ratios of units)

by the, by means of the, via the, through the


semi

From Malay semi (“shoot, sprout”).
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦱꦼꦩꦶ (semi, “sprouting”).


beber

From Javanese ꦧꦺꦧꦺꦂ (bébér, “spread, opened out”), from Old Javanese *wiwir (“to extend, to expand, to spread out”).

der

(figurative) to expound; to explain, explicate


auto-

From Dutch auto-, from Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós, “self”).


puso

From Javanese ꦥꦸꦱ (pusa, “unproductive”), from Old Javanese pūṣā (“solar”), from Sanskrit पूषा (pūṣā), पूषन् (pūṣan, “a Vedic solar deity”).

failed (of crop), empty, sterile (of rice husk)

(figurative) damaged (because of abandonment)


lid

From Dutch lid (“member”), from Middle Dutch lit, let, leet, from Old Dutch *lid, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz.


hop

Unadapted borrowing from Javindo hop (“stop”), from Dutch ophouden (“uphold, stop”).


tender

tèndêr (canonical)
tender-tender (plural)

From Dutch tender: from English tender, from Middle English tendren, from Old French tendre (“stretch out”), from Latin tendere.

(trading) tender, anything which is offered, proffered, put forth or bid with the expectation of a response, answer, or reply


tender

From Dutch tender, from English tender, tend + -er.

(transport) tender: a railroad car towed behind a steam engine to carry fuel and water


mode

modê (canonical)
mode-mode (plural)
mod (alternative)

* From Dutch mode f, from Middle French mode f, from Latin modus m. Doublet of moda, model, modern, modul, and modus.
* Semantic loan from English mode in electronics and computing sense.

doublet

(electronics) a series of settings on a device used for a specific purpose

(computing) one of various related sets of rules for processing data


iso

From Javanese iso (ꦲꦶꦱꦺꦴ, “animal intestine”). Cognate of Tagalog isaw (“intestine”).

bor

(cooking) animal intestine, beef by default


IP

ilmu pemerintahan
ilmu pemerintahan#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of ilmu pemerintahan.

indeks prestasi
indeks prestasi#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of indeks prestasi.


spirit

From Dutch spirit, from English spirit, from Middle English spirit, from Old French espirit (“spirit”), from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow, breathe”). Doublet of spiritus.

der

(uncommon) Synonym of semangat (“spirit, enthusiasm”)


rouge

Unadapted borrowing from French rouge (“red”), from Middle French rouge, from Old French roge, rouge, from Latin rubeus.

ubor

rouge: Red or pink makeup to add colour to the cheeks; blusher


grub

From the confusion of final voiced consonants with voiceless ones (final obstruent devoicing does exist in Indonesian), or reinforced by some grammatical forms of Turkish grup (e.g. grubu, grubun, etc.) Compare nonstandard Azerbaijani qrub (instead of qrup).


rana

From Sanskrit रण (raṇa, “delight, pleasure, gladness, joy”).


detonator

From Dutch detonator, from English detonator.

detonator: a device used to detonate an explosive device etc


globe

Borrowed from Dutch globe, from Middle French globe, from Old French globe, from Latin globus. Doublet of globus.


PIN

personal identification number
personal identification number#English

Initialism of personal identification number.

pusat informasi nasional
pusat informasi nasional#Indonesian

Initialism of pusat informasi nasional (“national information center”).

pekan imunisasi nasional
pekan imunisasi nasional#Indonesian

Initialism of pekan imunisasi nasional (“national immunization week”).


ATM

anjungan tunai mandiri
anjungan tunai mandiri#Indonesian

automated teller machine
automated teller machine

(banking) Initialism of anjungan tunai mandiri (“automated teller machine”).

anjungan transaksi mandiri
anjungan transaksi mandiri#Indonesian

(banking) Initialism of anjungan transaksi mandiri (“automated teller machine”).

asynchronous transfer mode
asynchronous transfer mode#English

(computing) Initialism of asynchronous transfer mode.

alat tenun mesin
alat tenun mesin#Indonesian

Initialism of alat tenun mesin (“power loom”).


detail

dêtail (canonical)
detail-detail (plural)
detil (alternative)

Borrowed from English detail, from Middle French détail, from Old French detail, from detaillier, from de- + taillier (“to cut”).


leger

Borrowed from Betawi lègèr (“wooden or bamboo frame for construction”).


leger

Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦺꦒꦺꦂ (lèger, “water barrel”).


leger

handrails and terrace barriers of a stilt house made of wood


leger

Borrowed from Dutch legger (“ledger”), from Middle Dutch legger.

(education) a ledger, the marking register


jam

From Malay jam, from Sanskrit याम (yāma, “time”).

clock (instrument to measure or keep track of time)

(colloquial) time (particular moment or hour; the appropriate moment or hour for something)


portal

From Dutch portaal, from Middle French portal, from Old French portal, from Latin porta. Doublet of porta.

(colloquial) website as an entrance to other websites or pages on the Internet


alot

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦭꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (alot), from Old Javanese alot, alwat.


ter

tèr (canonical)
ter-ter (plural)
tar (alternative)
tir (alternative)

From Dutch teer (“tar”), from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *derwo-.

tar, the black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal


ter

Learned borrowing from Latin ter (“thrice”).


balustrade

From Dutch balustrade, from French balustrade, from Italian balaustrata.

(architecture) balustrade: a row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building


lung

Inherited from Malay [Term?], from Hokkien [Term?] 籠／笼 (láng, lâng, lông, lóng, “bamboo container”).


lung

alternative spelling of long (“large firecracker”)


ken

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦺꦤ꧀ (kén), from Old Javanese ken (“particle before a noun (categorical or proper) denoting a person of some rank”).


ken

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 縣(けん) (ken, “prefecture”). Romanised according modified Kunrei-shiki romanization.

(historical, 1942-1945) Synonym of kabupaten (“regency”)


bon

From Dutch bon (“receipt”), from French bon, from Middle French bon, from Old French bon, from Latin bonus (“good”), from Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos. Cognate of Danish bon (“receipt”).


bon

From Dutch bond (“bond”), from Middle Dutch bund, from Proto-Germanic *bandaz, *bandiz (“band, fetter”). Cognate of English bond.


bom

From Dutch bom, from French bombe, from Italian bomba, from Latin bombus (“a boom”).

bomb, an explosive device used or intended as a weapon


bom

From Dutch boom (“tree, pole”), from Middle Dutch bôom, from Old Dutch bōm, from Proto-Germanic *baumaz.


bom

From Dutch slagboom (“boom barrier, boom gate”) or boom (“beam, barrier”). Compare to Dutch boomklok (“A bell tolled during the opening (in the morning) or closing (in the evening) of a port”, literally “beam bell”).


bos

Borrowed from Dutch bos, from Middle Dutch bosch, from Old Dutch *busc, from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.


bos

From English boss, from Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-Germanic *baswô, masculine form of Proto-Germanic *baswǭ (“father's sister, aunt, cousin”). Doublet of bas.


fait accompli

Unadapted borrowing from French fait accompli.


tik

tik-tik (plural)
ketik (alternative nonstandard)

typewriter (a device, at least partially mechanical, used to print text by pressing keys that cause type to be impressed through an inked ribbon onto paper)


pagina

Borrowed from Dutch pagina, from Latin pāgina.


op

From Javindo op or hop (“stop”), from Dutch ophouden (“uphold; stop”). Doublet of stop.


kom

kom-kom (plural)
KOM (alternative)
kom- (alternative)

From Dutch kom, from Middle Dutch comme, probably from Proto-Germanic *kumbaz (cognate of Sanskrit कुम्भ (kumbha, “a pot, jug”), which doublet of kumba (“pot”)).


dom

From Javanese ꦢꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (dom, “needle”), from Old Javanese dom (“needle”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum. Doublet of jarum.


dom

From Dutch dom, from Middle Dutch doem, from Latin domus (“house, building”), from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm, from root Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“to build”). Cf. Old Dutch duom.

another major church (often a basilica) which has been granted this high rank


som

From Dutch zoom (“hem; edge, border”), from Middle Dutch sôom, from Old Dutch *sōm, from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz (“that which is sewn”).

der

(sewing, colloquial) seam (folded back and stitched piece of fabric)


zet

The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.


santo

santa (feminine)
santu (alternative nonstandard)

Borrowed from Portuguese santo (“male saint”), from Old Galician-Portuguese santo, from Latin sānctus, perfect passive participle of sanciō (“consecrate, appoint as sacred”), from Proto-Indo-European *sān- (“healthy, happy”).


Ezra

Borrowed from Dutch Ezra, from Biblical Hebrew עֶזְרָא.

(biblical) The fifteenth book of the Old Testament and a book of the Hebrew Tanakh

(biblical) A Jewish high priest from the fifth century BC


intro

Borrowed from Dutch intro, from Latin intrōductiō (“lead-in, introduction”).

Clipping of introduksi (“introduction”).

the opening sequence at beginning of a film, television program, etc.


administrator

id-noun

administrator (plural administrator-administrator or para administrator)

administrator-administrator (plural)
para administrator (plural)
administratur (alternative proscribed)

(government, management, politics) one who administers affairs

administrator:
one who administers affairs

information technology
information technology

(computing, information technology) one who responsible for software and maintenance of a computer or network


admiral

Borrowed from Dutch admiraal, from Middle Dutch ammirael under influence from Latin admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”), from Old French amiral, from Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”). Equivalent to amir + bahar.


mezzo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian mezzo, from Latin medius.


ada

tlb

(intransitive, doesn't take voice prefixes)

From Malay ada, from Classical Malay اد (ada), from Old Malay hada, from Proto-Malayic *ada, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ada, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *wada, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada.

Ia ada di sana.

Ada tiga pilihan yang tersedia.

Ia tidak ada uang


agape

From Ancient Greek ἀγάπη (agápē, “love; the love between man and God; Christian love feasts”).

der

(Catholicism, philosophy) agape: love; the love between man and God; Christian love feasts


agenda

agènda (canonical)
agenda-agenda (plural)

From Dutch agenda, from Latin agenda (“things that ought to be done”).

a notebook used to organize and maintain such plans or lists, an agenda book, an agenda planner

agenda:
a list of matters to be taken up


register

régistêr (canonical)
register-register (plural)

From Dutch register, from Middle Dutch register, from Old French registre, from Medieval Latin registrum.

a formal recording of names, events, transactions etc.

(printing) the exact alignment of lines, margins and colors

(computing) a small unit of very fast memory that is directly accessible to the central processing unit, and is mostly used to store inputs, outputs or intermediate results of computations


ajar

head

ajar (base-imperative ajar, active mengajar, passive diajar)

mengajar (active)
diajar (passive)
ajar (root)
mengajar (active nominative)
terajar (nominative passive)
diajar (nominative passive)
ajar (nominative)
ajarlah (nominative)
mengajari (active)
diajari (passive)
ajari
ajarilah
mengajarkan (active)
diajarkan (passive)
ajarkan
ajarkanlah
mempelajar (active causative nominative)
dipelajar (causative nominative passive)
pelajar (causative nominative)
mempelajari (active causative)
dipelajari (causative passive)
pelajari (causative)
pelajarilah (causative)
memperajarkan (active causative)
diperajarkan (causative passive)
perajarkan (causative)
perajarkanlah (causative)
adjar (alternative)

From Malay ajar, from Classical Malay اجر (ajar), from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “teacher, master”), likely derived from आचार (ācāra, “conduct, behavior”). Doublet of acar, acara, acarya, and hajar.


ajar

Borrowed from Malay [Term?] (Medan/Deli dialect).


ajar

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦗꦂ (ajar, “section of fruit”).

bor+

(dialect) classifier for durian compartment


alarm

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch alarm.


alias

Borrowed from Dutch alias, from Latin alias (“at another time; at another place, elsewhere, under other circumstances, otherwise”).


alias

another name; especially, an assumed name

(computing) a name or string that can replace another name or string

(statistics) two similar branches of statistical analysis


alibi

Borrowed from Dutch alibi, from Latin alibī (“elsewhere, at another place”).

(law) the plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed


alkali

From Dutch alkali, from French alcali, ultimately from Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily, “alkali, ashes of the saltwort”), related to قَلَى (qalā, “to roast in a pan, fry”).

(chemistry) alkali, a group of bases from alkali metal group

(chemistry) base, any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds, having bitter taste, that turn red litmus blue, and react with acids to form salts


along

From Borneo Malay [Term?], probably cognate of Dupaningan Agta along (“son”) and Indonesian sulung.


along

Acronym of alat penolong (“rescue equipment”).


KIA

kartu identitas anak
kartu identitas anak#Indonesian

kesehatan ibu dan anak
kesehatan ibu dan anak#Indonesian


raison d'être

Unadapted borrowing from French raison d’être (literally “reason to be”).


Injil

From Malay injil, from Arabic إِنْجِيل (ʔinjīl), ultimately from Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion). Doublet of evangeli.

Inilah Injil Yesus Kristus menurut Matius / Markus / Lukas / Yohanes

A reading from the Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Matthew / Mark / Luke / John


amati

head

amati (active mengamati, passive diamati)


amati

paternal blood aunt (one's father's sister)


knot

Internationalism, borrowed from English knot (“a unit of speed”, literally “a looping of a piece of string”), from Middle English knotte, from Old English cnotta, from Proto-West Germanic *knottō, from Proto-Germanic *knuttô, *knudô (“knot”); probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gnod- (“to bind”).

bor+

(aviation, nautical) a unit of speed, equal to one nautical mile per hour

(aviation) a unit of indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed, or equivalent airspeed, which varies in its relation to the unit of speed so as to compensate for the effects of different ambient atmospheric conditions on aircraft performance


dengan

dêngan (canonical)
dg (alternative abbreviation)
dgn (alternative abbreviation)

Inherited from Malay dengan, from Proto-Malayic *dəŋan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋan.

Aku berbicara dengan Martin.

Kututupi telingaku dengan dua tanganku. Biarlah cepat berlalu dan kugadaikan cintaku.

1986, “Kugadaikan Cintaku [I Pawn My Love]”, in Apel, performed by Gombloh:

I close my ears with your two hands. Let (time) pass quickly and I pawn my love.

Om Djati panggilan akrabnya mengatakan kami anggota Hipakad sengaja terjun ke lokasi untuk bergabung dengan masyarakat dan Satgas TMMD ikut menyukseskan Program TMMD Reguler Ke-103 Kodim 0732/Sleman dengan menyumbangkan tenaga serta pikiran kami guna meningkatkan jiwa nasionalisme anak bangsa.

2018 October 23, “Tingkatkan Jiwa Nasionalisme Dengan Sumbang Tenaga Dalam TMMD [Increase the Spirit of Nationalism by Contributing Energy in the TMMD]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-24:

Om Djati, which is his nickname, says that, "We, the (squad) members of Hipakad deliberately plunged to the location to join with the community and the TMMD Task Force also made successful the TMMD Program for the 103rd Regular Kodim 0732/Sleman by contributing our energy and minds to increase the spirit of nationalism of the nation's people."

Used to indicate simultaneous happening, or immediate succession or consequence

Jagalah rumah dengan ketat.

used to form adverbs from adjectives; -ly


wanita

id-noun

wanita (plural wanita-wanita or para wanita)

wanita-wanita (plural)
para wanita (plural)

→ Malay: wanita


beli

actor beli (imperative root)
beli (root)
membeli (active nominative)
terbeli (nominative passive)
dibeli (nominative passive)
beli (nominative)
belilah (nominative)
membelikan (active)
terbelikan (passive)
dibelikan (passive)
belikan
belikanlah

From Malay beli, from Proto-Malayic *bəli, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bəli, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bəli, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəli, from Proto-Austronesian *bəli.


Adi

From Javanese Adi, from Sanskrit अधि (adhi).


apa

From Malay apa, from Proto-Malayic *apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa.


apa

Apa kamu mengerti?


banten

banên (canonical)
banten-banten (plural)
Banten (alternative)

From Balinese ᬩᬦ᭄ᬢᭂᬦ᭄ (banten, “offering”), from Old Javanese bantĕn (“offering”), bali (“tribute, offering”), from Sanskrit बलि (bali).


bapa

From Malay bapa, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?]. Doublet of Bapa and bapak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).


coklat

Mereka tidak hanya dijadikan target konsumen tapi juga diharapkan ikut berkecimpung di dalam bisnis produksi panganan berbahan coklat.

2017 October 26, Amelia Hapsari, “Permintaan Coklat di Jogja Tinggi [High Demand for Chocolate in Yogyakarta]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-12-31:

They not only become the targeted consumer but are also expected to be involved in the production business of food made from chocolate.

Nonstandard form of cokelat (“chocolate; brown color”).


arti

arti-arti (plural)
arti (root)
mengartikan (active)
diartikan (passive)
artikan
artikanlah

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦂꦠꦶ (arti, “to translate; meaning; mind, thought”), from Old Javanese arthi (“meaning, explanation”), from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of arta, erti, and harta.

der

the denotation, referent, or idea connected with a word, expression, or symbol

the connotation associated with a word, expression, or symbol

the purpose, value, or significance (of something) beyond the fact of that thing's existence

arti luas

sense (any particular meaning of a word, among its various meanings)


carillon

Unadapted borrowing from French carillon.

ubor

(music) carillon: a set of bells, often in a bell tower, sometimes operated by means of a keyboard (manual or pedal), originating from the Low Countries


baju

From Malay baju, from Classical Malay باجو (baju), from Classical Persian بازو (bāzū, “upper arm”), from Old Persian 𐎲𐎠𐏀𐎢 (b-a-z-u /bāzu/), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”). Doublet of bahu.

der

baju koko

traditional Malay-Indonesian men Muslim shirt


celeng

cèlèng (canonical)
celeng-celeng (plural)

From Javanese ꦕꦺꦭꦺꦁ (cèlèng, “wild boar, piggy bank”) (compare to Balinese ᬘᬾᬮᬾᬂ (céléng, “pig”)), from Old Javanese celeṅ (“pig, boar”), probably from Austroasiatic Proto-Mon-Khmer *liik, *lik (“pig”) (compare to Old Mon cliṅ (“pig”)).

bor

(Javanese) synonym of celengan (“piggy bank”)


barat

Inherited from Malay barat, from Proto-Malayic *barat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *habaʀat (“southwest monsoon”), from Proto-Austronesian *Sabaʀat (“south wind”).


rembulan

Borrowed from Javanese ꦉꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭꦤ꧀ (rembulan).


mau

Kamu mau makan apa?.

Saya mau kamu meninggalkan kelas ini.

(transitive) to wish for or desire (something); to feel a need or desire for; to crave or demand

Aku mau sarapan yang manis.

Dia mau pakaian baru.

(transitive, in particular) to wish, desire, or demand to see, have the presence of or do business with

Kamu boleh meninggalkan ruangan ini jika kamu mau.

(intransitive) to experience desire; to wish

Ibu mau pergi ke pasar untuk membeli bahan makanan.

Mother will go to the market to buy food.

(somewhat informal) used to express the future tense, sometimes with an implication of volition or determination when used in the first person

(auxiliary) to will
to be able to, to have the capacity

Maukah kamu menikahiku?

Aku sudah memberitahukan dia berkali-kali, tapi dia tetap tak mau meminum obatnya.

I've told him many times, but he still doesn't want to take his medicine.

used to express intention but without any temporal connotations, often in questions and negation


mau

wish; desire (a hope or longing for something or for something to happen)


tali

From Malay tali, from Proto-Malayic *tali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *talih, from Proto-Austronesian *CaliS.


laki-laki

Inherited from Malay laki-laki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Madurese lalake, Tagalog lalaki); Full reduplication of laki.


laki-laki

laki-laki (plural)
lk (alternative abbreviation)

Seorang laki-laki yang tampan


jantan

Inherited from Malay jantan, from Old Javanese jantĕn.

male (belonging or referring to the sex having the smaller gametes (of animals and plants))


betina

From Malay betina, from Proto-Malayic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina.

female (belonging to the sex with larger, fertilizable gametes (for animals))


Belanda

From Malay Belanda, from Javanese ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦢ (walanda), from Portuguese Holanda (“Holland”), from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”).

Holland (a traditional region of the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Belanda

Bêlanda (canonical)
Wolanda (alternative archaic)


belajar

bêlajar (canonical)
beladjar (alternative)

From Malay belajar, from Classical Malay belajar. Equivalent to ber- + ajar.

Aku sedang belajar mengemudi.

membelajarkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


kamar

→ Petjo: kamar

→ Ternate: kamar

From Malay kamar, from Dutch kamer (“chamber, room”), from Middle Dutch camere, from Old Dutch *kamara, from Latin camera, ultimately from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “vault”). Doublet of kamera and kamerad.

Kamarku di lantai 19.

laporan perkiraan potensi penjualan kamar


kamar

From Malay kamar, from Arabic قمر (qamar, “moon”).


kuda

From Malay kuda.
* Probably from Tamil குதிரை (kutirai).
* Alternatively, from Prakrit 𑀖𑁄𑀟𑀬 (ghoḍaya), from Sanskrit घोटक (ghoṭaka), from Proto-Dravidian *kHutt-.
The sense of knight (chess) is a semantic loan from Dutch paard (“knight (chess)”, literally “horse”).


hewan

From Malay haiwan, hewan, from Classical Malay [script needed] (haiwan), [script needed] (hewan).


waktu

From Malay waktu, from Arabic وَقْت (waqt, “time”).

time (time of day, as indicated by a clock, etc)

time (measurement under some system of the time of day or moment in time)

time (numerical indication of a particular moment in time)


uang

From Malay wang, uang, from Late Classical Malay واڠ (wang), واڠ (uang), probably borrowed from Chinese Hokkien 環／环 (hoân, “round”) or Hakka 環／环 (vàn, “round”).


duit

→ Petjo: doewit

Borrowed from Dutch duit (“a small Dutch coin”).

(historical) a doit, a Dutch copper coin with the value of ¹⁄₁₂₀ of a rupiah


Jerman

Jèrman (canonical)
Djerman (alternative)

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


pisang

From Malay pisang. Compare Acehnese pisang, Banjarese pisang.

the tropical tree-like plant which bears clusters of bananas. The plant of the genus Musa

an elongated curved tropical fruit that grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin


Belgia

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


ingat

Inherited from Malay ingat (“to remember”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iŋat, from Proto-Austronesian *iŋat.


pulau

Inherited from Malay pulau, from Proto-Malayic *pulaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pulaw.
Cognates
Cognate with Minangkabau pulau, Sundanese pulo, Balinese ᬧᬸᬮᭀ (pulo), Javanese ꦥꦸꦭꦺꦴ (pulo), Uneapa vulo.

island (a contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, totally surrounded by water)


Spanyol

From Malay Sepanyol, from Dutch spanjool (“Spaniard”), from Spanish español (“Spanish”), from Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispāniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Amerika Serikat

Amerika Sêrikat (canonical)
AS (alternative abbreviation)
Amrik (alternative abbreviation acronym acronym)

Compound of Amerika + serikat, a calque of English United States of America. Cognate with Piawai Malay Amerika Syarikat.

clq

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


jalang

(vulgar, offensive) bitch
a promiscuous woman, slut, whore

a despicable or disagreeable, aggressive person, usually a woman


jalang

head

jalang (comparative lebih jalang, superlative terjalang, equative sejalang)

lebih jalang (comparative)
terjalang (superlative)
sejalang (equative)


jalang

Borrowed from Minangkabau jalang, from Proto-Malayic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan. Doublet of jalan.


kawan

From Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.

friend (person whose company one enjoys)

Hanya beberapa orang pemimpin PKI berhasil menyelamatkan diri ke luar negeri, di antaranya anggota Central Comite PKI, Kawan Musso.

Only several PKI leaders succeeded in saving themselves by traveling abroad, one of them being Comrade Musso, a member of the Central Committee of the PKI.


sahabat

id-noun

sahabat (plural sahabat-sahabat or para sahabat)

sahabat-sahabat (plural)
para sahabat (plural)

From Malay sahabat, from Classical Malay sahabat, from Arabic صَحَابَة (ṣaḥāba). Doublet of sobat.

der

Arabic صَحَابَة (ṣaḥāba)

(specifically) close friend, best friend

Sahabi, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad


kayu

From Malay kayu, from Proto-Malayic *kayu, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw, from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.


film

film-film (plural)
filem (alternative)
pilem (alternative uncommon)

film (a medium used to capture images in a camera)


Rusia

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


abu

From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.


abu

From Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”). Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas.


sudah

From Malay sudah, borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha). Doublet of deh.

udah (alternative colloquial)
dah (alternative colloquial)

Sudah berapa lama kamu belajar bahasa indonesia?

How long have you been learning Indonesian?

perfective aspect
perfective aspect#English

perfective aspect, indicating that the process has been accomplished.


asing

Inherited from Malay asing. Meanings 3-7 probably semantic loans from English foreign.

foreign (belonging to a different culture)

foreign (in a place where it does not belong)


tidak

From Malay tidak, from earlier tida, tiada with a vocative glottal stop, from Proto-Malayic *ti (“basic negator”) + *ada (“to exist”).

tak (alternative)
dak (alternative dialectal)

Kami tidak tahu.

Buku itu tidak mahal.

a negative marker used for negating the meanings of verbs, adverbs, and adjectives: not


tidak

no; used to show disagreement, negation, denial, refusal, or prohibition


bumi

From Malay bumi, from Old Malay bhūmi, from Sanskrit भूमि (bhūmi).

(astronomy) our planet; third out from the Sun

earth:
our planet; third out from the Sun


tanah

id-noun

tanah (countable and uncountable, plural tanah-tanah)

From Malay tanah, from Proto-Malayic *tanah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tanəq.

earth, soil, dirt (unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth)

ground (the surface of the Earth, as opposed to the sky or water or underground)

(rare) ground (basis, foundation, groundwork, legwork)

land (the part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water)


sebab

From Malay sebab, from Classical Malay sebab, from Arabic سَبَب (sabab).

menyebabkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disebabkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


sebab

Menurut Eko, kebakaran diketahui warga desanya sebab ada asap tebal di kawasan hutan dekat dengan makam Ki Ageng Pandanaran.

2018 August 26, Achmad Hussain, “Kebakaran Lahan Hutan di Klaten Meluas ke Selatan [Forest Land Fires in Klaten Spreads to the South]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-27:

According to Eko, the fire was found out by the people of his village because there was thick smoke at the forest area that is close to the tomb of Ki Ageng Pandanaran.


mereka

From Malay mereka, from earlier mareka, from Old Javanese marika. Displaced Proto-Malayic *sida(ʔ) (whence Iban sida).

Mereka akan mengunjungi rumah kita.

Sekolah mereka bersih.

third person plural pronoun: they, them, their

This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language

The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms

while the proclitic is only used as a subject


hilang

From Malay hilang,
from Classical Malay hilang.

to disappear, to vanish, to be no longer visible


hitam

From Malay hitam, from Proto-Malayic *hitəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)qitəm.

Orang itu memiliki mobil hitam.


hutan

hutan-hutan (plural)
utan (alternative nonstandard)

Inherited from Malay hutan, from Proto-Malayic *hutan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.


cinta

From Malay cinta, from Sanskrit चिन्ता (cintā, “thinking, sad, care, anxiety, consideration”).

der

(archaic) desire (an eager longing for something)

(archaic) worry (a strong feeling of anxiety for something)


cinta

(archaic) to desire (to wish for earnestly)


meja

From Malay meja, from Portuguese mesa (“table”), from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin mēnsa.


ahad

Inherited from Malay ahad, from Classical Malay احد (ahad), from Arabic أَحَد (ʔaḥad). Doublet of wahid.


ajaib

Inherited from Malay ajaib, from Classical Malay عجأيب (ajaib), from Arabic عَجَائِب (ʕajāʔib).


babu

babu-babu (plural)
babo (alternative dated)
baboe (alternative dated)

Inherited from Malay babu, from Javanese ꦧꦧꦸ (babu, “female servant”, literally “mother”), from Old Javanese babu (“mother; older servant”), wawuh (“familiar, acquainted”). Compare Portuguese babo.


bagasi

bagasi-bagasi (plural)
bagage (alternative)
begasi (alternative nonstandard)

Borrowed from Dutch bagatie or bagage, from Middle French bagage, from Old French bagage, from bague + -age, ultimately from Old Norse baggi. Compare Afrikaans bagasie.


bangun

Inherited from Malay bangun, from Proto-Malayic *baŋun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baŋun, from Proto-Austronesian *baŋuN.

to awake; to wake up
to become conscious after having slept

(figurative) to come out of a state of inaction or dormancy

to rise from one's bed, usually upon waking up in order to begin one's day

to move from a lying or sitting position to a standing position; to stand up

(obsolete) to melt (to to be changed from a solid state to a liquid state, usually by a gradual heat)

to rise (to swell or puff up in the process of fermentation; to become light)

to arise (to spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself)


bangun

(usually used in geometric contexts) shape (a graphical representation of an object's form or its external boundary, outline, or external surface)

structure (a cohesive whole built up of distinct parts)


bangun

head

bangun (active membangun, passive dibangun)

membangun (active)
dibangun (passive)
bangoen (alternative)

to form (something) by combining materials or parts

to develop or give form to (something) according to a plan or process

to increase or strengthen (something) by adding gradually to

(transitive) to build
to establish a basis for (something)


bangun

wergeld; blood money (money paid (as by a killer or the killer's clan) to the family of a person who has been killed)


beda

beda (stative verb berbeda, comparative lebih beda, informal comparative bedaan, superlative terbeda, equative sebeda)

berbeda (stative verb)
lebih beda (comparative)
bedaan (comparative informal)
terbeda (superlative)
sebeda (equative)
beza (alternative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भेद (bheda, “contrast, distinction, difference”) via Malay beda.


belum

bêlum (canonical)
belom (alternative colloquial)

Inherited from Malay belum, from Proto-Malayic *bəlum.

Ini sudah siang, tapi mereka belum datang.

It's already noon, but they have not come yet.

not yet (not for the moment, though expected later)


biasa

Inherited from Malay biasa, from Old Javanese byasa, bhyāsa, abhyāsa (“to be familiar with”), from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa, “habit”).

der

(usually preceded by sudah) used, usual, accustomed


binatang

Inherited from Malay binatang, from batang (“corpse”) + -in-.


cambuk

From Malay cambuk, from Persian چابک (čâbok, “horsewhip”).

tjamboek (alternative)
tjambuk (alternative)

whip (a rope or rod used to create a sharp "crack" sound for directing or herding animals)

(specifically) an East and Central Javanese bullock whip, bullwhip or buffalo whip


cambuk

head

cambuk (active mencambuk, passive dicambuk)

mencambuk (active)
dicambuk (passive)
tjamboek (alternative)
tjambuk (alternative)

to whip (to hit with a whip or any flexible object)


dan

Inherited from Malay dan, probably from dengan, or Proto-Malayic *dua(ʔ)-an.

and (used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera)


enam

Inherited from Malay enam, from Proto-Malayic *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ənəm, from Proto-Austronesian *ənəm.


gila

From Malay gila, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gila (“wild; skittish; insane”).


hamba

From Malay hamba, from Sanskrit हम्भाय (hambhāya, “low”), compare to Sanskrit हंबतारा (haṃbatārā, “good man”).


hamba

(archaic, humble) I, me, my, your servant


makan

Inherited from Malay makan, from Proto-Malayic *makan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən. Doublet of pakan and pangan.

Pagi ini saya makan ikan.

(ambitransitive) to eat (to consume, ingest)

Pembangunan sekolah ini memakan biaya tinggi.

The construction of this school consumes a lot of money.

(of money, time, etc.) to eat, consume, use up

Remnya sempat gak makan di tengah jalan.

The brake wasn't working in the middle of the road.

(usually of a machine part, pen, etc.) to work (to function correctly)

Dia memakan sebagian besar uang milik koperasi itu.

He embezzled most of the cooperative's money.

(uncommon, idiomatic) to sleep with (to have sex with)


makan

Clipping of makanan (literally “food, meal”).

clip

(used only in a phrase) sustenance (something that provides support or nourishment)


tinggi

From Malay tinggi, possibly from Sanskrit तुङ्ग (tuṅga, “high”).

adikku tinggi

demam tinggi

high (elevated in status, esteem, or prestige, or in importance or development)

vokal tinggi

(phonetics) high (made with some part of the tongue positioned high in the mouth, relatively close to the palate)

Waktu aku lagi tinggi hilang akal sehatku.


tinggi

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese tiṅgi (“bed-bug”).


tujuh

Inherited from Malay tujuh, from Proto-Malayic *tujuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuzuq (“to indicate, point”), from Proto-Austronesian *tuzuq (“to point at, point out; give directions”). Doublet of tunjuk.

inh

toedjoeh (alternative)
tudjuh (alternative)


kaki

Inherited from Malay kaki, from Proto-Malayic *kaki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaqay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaqay.

kaki meja

foot (short foot-like projection on the bottom of an object to support it)

kaki bukit

foot (a unit of measure equal to exactly 30.48 centimetres)


kaki

Alternative form of kakek (“grandfather”)


kaki

From Japanese 柿(かき) (kaki, “persimmon”).


kaki

From Dutch kaki (“khaki”), from Hindi ख़ाकी (xākī) / Urdu خاکی (xākī), from Persian خاکی (xâki, “dusty, earthy, earth-colored”).


lagi

From Malay lagi, from Classical Malay lagi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lagi (emphatic particle). Semantic loan from Betawi Ora lagih for "in the process of" sense.

inh

again, anew, (bukan ... lagi) anymore; any longer


muka

From Malay muka, from Sanskrit मुख (mukha).

the front part of the head, featuring the eyes, nose, and mouth and the surrounding area

face
the public image; outward appearance

act, façade, front, persona, show: an intentional and false impression of oneself


panjang

having much distance from one terminating point on an object or an area to another terminating point

having great duration; seemingly lasting a lot of time, because it is boring or tedious or tiring


panjang

length: the distance measured along the longest dimension of an object


yang

Inherited from Malay yang, from Classical Malay يڠ (yang), from Old Malay yaṃ.

jang (alternative)
yg (alternative abbreviation)

rumah yang aku mau


yang

yg (alternative abbreviation)
jg (alternative)
jang (alternative)
yg (alternative abbreviation)


yang

yang-yang (plural)
hiang (alternative)
hyang (alternative)
jang (alternative)
yg (alternative abbreviation)

From Malay yang, from Proto-Malayic *hiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiaŋ.

(Hinduism) hyang: An unseen spirit with supernatural powers, in ancient Indonesian mythology


yang

yang-yang (plural)
jang (alternative)
yg (alternative abbreviation)

(philosophy) yang: A principle in Chinese and related East Asian philosophies associated with bright, hot, masculine, etc. elements of the natural world


yang

Aphetic form of sayang (“sweetheart; darling”)


anglo

Borrowed from Hokkien 洪爐 /洪炉 (âng-lô͘, “large oven; great furnace”), from Hokkien 洪 (âng, “vast, immense”) + 爐 /炉 (lô͘, “fireplace, stove, oven, furnace”).


apes

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">apes → apas</i>

→ Malay: اڤس (apes → apas)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦥꦼꦱ꧀ (apes), from Old Javanese apĕs, apus (“weak, exhausted”). Probably related to hapus (“to delete”).


step

stèp (canonical)
step-step (plural)
setip (alternative)


oven

ovên (canonical)
oven-oven (plural)
open (alternative)

From Dutch oven, from Middle Dutch oven, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *uhnaz, *uhwnaz.

oven, a chamber used for baking or heating


gele

gele-gele (plural)
gokel (alternative Prokem)


gokil

From gila + -ok-, then the final rime elided.

(informal, originally Prokem slang) crazy (very unexpected; wildly surprising)


bokap

Coordinate term: nyokap

(colloquial, originally Prokem slang) father


tri-

From Malay tri-, from tri, from Sanskrit त्रि (tri), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


nepsong

Affixed nafsu + -ong in gay slang register, standard Indonesian nafsuan, affixed nafsu (“lust, desire”) + -an (“[base]-suffered (intense)”).


nembak

(slang) Alternative form of menembak; to shot

(colloquial) Alternative form of menembak; to ask out (of love, etc.)


nembak

(Medan, Jakarta, slang) to eat without paying the bill


pembokat

From pembantu + -ok- with /n/ and final rime elided.


bantu

bantu (root)
membantu (active nominative)
terbantu (nominative passive)
dibantu (nominative passive)
bantu (nominative)
bantulah (nominative)
membantukan (active)
terbantukan (passive)
dibantukan (passive)
bantukan
bantukanlah
memperbantukan (active causative nominative)
diperbantukan (causative nominative passive)
perbantukanlah (causative nominative)

Derived from Sinitic 幫助 /帮助 (bāngzhù, “to help; to aid; to assist”).


rokum

From rumah (“house”) + -ok- with the final rime elided.


cabut

head

cabut (active mencabut, passive dicabut)

Inherited from Malay cabut, from Proto-Malayic *cabut from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *cabut (“pull out with force”).

inh

Mereka sedang mencabut poster dari dinding.

They are pulling the poster off the wall.

(transitive) to pull out, pull off, unplug

Aku cabut nomor dua belas.

(transitive) to draw (to conduct or select a lottery or similar)

Izin mengemudinya sempat dicabut karena kelalaiannya.

His driving license was revoked due to his negligence.

(transitive) to retract, revoke withdraw

Gue mau cabut dulu, ya.


dengar

head

dêngar (active mendengar, passive didengar)

dêngar (canonical)
mendengar (active)
didengar (passive)
denger (alternative colloquial)

Inherited from Malay dengar, from Proto-Malayic *dəŋər, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋəʀ. Doublet of rungu (“hearing ability”).

(intransitive, stative) to perceive sounds through the ear

to hear
to perceive sounds through the ear

Aku mendengar sesuatu dari bawah sana.

(transitive, stative) to perceive (a sound, or something producing a sound) with the ear, to recognize (something) in an auditory way

(transitive) to listen favourably to; to grant (a request etc.)

Aku baru saja mendengar kabar ini dari temanku.

(transitive) to receive information about; to come to learn of

to use one's sense of hearing in an intentional way; to make deliberate use of one's ears; to pay attention to or wait for a specific sound

to accept advice or obey instruction; to agree or assent


kecil

kêcil (canonical)
ketjil (alternative)
kecik (alternative dialectal)

Inherited from Malay kecil, from Classical Malay kecil, from Proto-Malayic *kəcil. Doublet of kucil.


engkau

From Malay engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu. The eng- component is epenthetical to avoid a monosyllabic pronunciation.

(Borneo, Medan, informal, poetic) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


berangkat

Inherited from Malay berangkat, from Classical Malay berangkat (“depart”), equivalent to ber- + angkat.


CAD

computer-aided design
computer-aided design#English

(computing, engineering) Initialism of computer-aided design.

coronary artery disease
coronary artery disease#English

(medicine) Initialism of coronary artery disease.

(finance) (international standards) ISO 4217 currency code for the Canadian dollar.


USB

(education) Initialism of unit sekolah baru (“new school unit”).


rounders

Unadapted borrowing from English rounders.

ubor

rounders: a team sport played with bat and ball with one fielding side and one batting side. It is similar to softball and baseball


mega-

From Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas, “great, large, mighty”).


urine

urinê (canonical)
urine-urine (plural)
urin (alternative nonstandard)
urin (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch urine, from Middle Dutch urine, from older orine, from Old French orine, urine, from Latin urina.

(physiology) urine: liquid waste consisting of water, salts, and urea, which is made in the kidneys, stored in the bladder, then released through the urethra


anus

Borrowed from Dutch anus, from Latin ānus (“ring, anus”).


uterus

utèrus (canonical)
uterus-uterus (plural)
uterus /utərus/ (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úd
Proto-Indo-European *-teros
Proto-Indo-European *úderos
Latin uterusder.
Indonesian uterus
Learned borrowing from Latin uterus, from Proto-Indo-European *úderos (“abdomen, stomach”), from *úd (“out, outward”) + *-eros (contrastive suffix).

af

(anatomy, medicine, zoology) womb, uterus


hotel

From Dutch hotel, from French hôtel, from Middle French hostel, from Old French ostel; inherited from Late Latin hospitālis, hospitāle (“hospice, shelter, guesthouse”), noun use of Latin hospitālis (“hospitable; pertaining to a host or guest”).

der

hotel, an establishment that provides accommodation and other services for paying guests; normally larger than a guesthouse, and often one of a chain

perhotelan [causative passive + resultative


tera

Unknown. Possibly from Sanskrit तर (tara, “surpassing, excelling”).

as sign of standarisation and calibration


pandang

head

pandang (active memandang, passive dipandang)

Dia suka memandang gadis itu.

berpandangan

to look at each other; to prejudice, have an opinion

pandang-memandang

to look at each other; to respect each other


bapak

From Malay bapa, bapak, from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (“someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like”) + apak, which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, “father”), and comparable to modern ber- + apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).


celokat

Prokem derivation, from celana (“long trousers”) + -ok-, with final rime elided and the resultant coda altered to /t/.


celana

cêlana (canonical)
celana-celana (plural)

→ Ternate: calana

From Malay celana, from Classical Malay چلان (celana), from Hindi चोलना (colnā). Compare to Sabah Malay celana, salana.


ganteng

head

gantêng (comparative lebih ganteng, superlative paling ganteng or terganteng, equative seganteng)

gantêng (canonical)
lebih ganteng (comparative)
paling ganteng (superlative)
terganteng (superlative)
seganteng (equative)

Borrowed from Javanese ganteng. Compare to Kapampangan santing.

(of a man or boy) handsome (attractively manly, having a pleasing face and overall effect)


ganteng

(intransitive, dialectal) to become or get thicker


perempuan

Inherited from Malay perempuan; empu + per- -an.

female (belonging to the sex with larger, fertilizable gametes (of humans))


dikopi

From di- + kopi.
* For the first sense, from Dutch kopie.
* For the second sense, compare English copy that (“(radio term) understood”).


kokai

From kaya (“rich”) + -ok-, then the final rime elided.


ceban

From Betawi ceban (“ten thousand”), from Hokkien 一萬 /一万 (chi̍t-bān, “ten thousand”).


cimeng

(colloquial) hemp plant, marijuana, hashish


gokel

From gele (“marijuana”) + -ok-, then the final rime elided.


manyun

Dia manyun karena marah sama pacarnya.

She's pouting because she's angry with his boyfriend.

(colloquial) pouting (pushing one's lips outward, usually due to sulking or disappointment)


mokat

From mati (“dead”) + -ok-, then the final rime elided.


oskep

Prokem derivation, from osk- + espe ("SP", an initialism for spion (“spy”)), with final rime elided and the resultant coda consonant cluster /-sp/ reduced to /-p/.


pasir

Inherited from Malay pasir, from Proto-Malayic *pasir, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pasiʀ (“sandbank, shoal in river or sea”). Doublet of Paser.


massa

→ Malay: massa

From Dutch massa from Middle Dutch masse, from Old French attested from the 11th century, via late Latin massa (“lump, dough”), from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza, “barley-cake, lump (of dough)”). The Greek noun is derived from the verb μάσσω (mássō, “to knead”), ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European *maǵ- (“to oil, knead”). Standard spelling retain double s to avoid confusion with word masa (time).

der

a quantity of matter cohering together so as to make one body, or an aggregation of particles or things which collectively make one body or quantity, usually of considerable size

(physics) the quantity of matter which a body contains, irrespective of its bulk or volume. It is one of four fundamental properties of matter. It is measured in kilograms in the SI system of measurement

(surgery) tumor: a palpable or visible abnormal globular structure

a large body of individuals, especially persons


zooplankton

Internationalism, Borrowed from English zooplankton.


anak

From Malay anak, from Classical Malay انق (anak), from Proto-Malayic *anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.

child (a female or male child, a daughter or son)

anak ayam

anak pisang

young banana plant (literally, “child of banana”)

(Heading) a young creature
young of animal or plant

anak kapal

crew member (literally, “child of ship”)

(Heading) a person associated with a particular identity or trait

Gue anak padus.

(colloquial) a member or attendee of an organization, group, event, institution, school, etc.

anak Jakarta

Jakartan (literally, “child of Jakarta”)

anak kunci

(Heading) small or miniature
a component part of a whole

anak bukit

a smaller version of something similar that is larger or bigger


tinggal

tlb

(intransitive, does not take voice prefixes)

tinggal (root)
meninggal (active nominative)
tertinggal (nominative passive)
ditinggal (nominative passive)
tinggal (nominative)
tinggallah (nominative)
meninggali (active)
tertinggali (passive)
ditinggali (passive)
tinggali
tinggalilah
meninggalkan (active)
tertinggalkan (passive)
ditinggalkan (passive)
tinggalkan
tinggalkanlah
mempertinggal (active causative nominative)
terpertinggal (causative nominative passive)
dipertinggal (causative nominative passive)
pertinggal (causative nominative)
pertinggallah (causative nominative)
mempertinggali (active causative)
terpertinggali (causative passive)
dipertinggali (causative passive)
pertinggali (causative)
pertinggalilah (causative)
mempertinggalkan (active causative)
terpertinggalkan (causative passive)
dipertinggalkan (causative passive)
pertinggalkan (causative)
pertinggalkanlah (causative)

to live, to inhabit, to reside: to have permanent residence somewhere


beliau

(honorific) he, she; him, her (referring to someone highly respected, of higher status or older)


di

Inherited from Malay di, from Proto-Malayic *di, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *i, from Proto-Austronesian *i. Doublet of -i.

Gelasnya di meja.

positioned at the upper surface of, touching from above

Ada luka besar di punggungnya.

positioned at or resting against the outer surface of; attached to

on
at or in (a certain region or location)

on
near; adjacent to; alongside; just off

Kami makan cukup banyak saat di kereta.

(with certain modes of transport, especially public transport) inside (a vehicle) for the purpose of travelling

Ada sedikit sisa air di botolku.

There is a little water left in my bottle.

Ada banyak pohon di taman itu.

Kita ada di kemah musuh.

Ulang tahunku di bulan Januari.

(indicating time) indicating occurrence in an instant of time or a period of time relatively short in context or from the speaker's perspective.

(used for skills (including in activities) or areas of knowledge) on the subject of; regarding

(dialect) to (in the direction of, so as to arrive at)

(dialect, especially in Central Sumatra) about; of (used as a function word to indicate what is dealt with as the object of thought, feeling, or action)

(dialect, especially in Central Sumatra) from


mahal

From Malay mahal, from Sanskrit महार्घ (mahārgha).


harga

From Malay harga (“price”), from Sanskrit अर्घ (argha, “price”).

harga tanda masuk


bunuh

head

bunuh (active membunuh, passive dibunuh)

membunuh (active)
dibunuh (passive)
bunuh (root)
membunuh (active nominative)
terbunuh (nominative passive)
dibunuh (nominative passive)
bunuh (nominative)
bunuhlah (nominative)
membunuhi (active)
dibunuhi (passive)
bunuhi
bunuhilah
membunuhkan (active)
dibunuhkan (passive)
bunuhkan
bunuhkanlah
boenoeh (alternative)
bvnvh (alternative)

Inherited from Malay bunuh, from Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.


kamu

From Malay kamu, from Proto-Malayic *kamu(ʔ) (“you, your (plural)”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.

inh

Kamu mau baju ini?

Dia mau berteman dengan kamu.

Pena kamu ada di laci ini.

(casual or informal, usually singular) second person pronoun: you, your


membunuh

From Malay membunuh. Equivalent to meng- + bunuh.

(transitive, literally) to extinguish the life; to make someone die

Perusahaan asing itu membunuh banyak usaha setempat di sini.

The foreign company killed many local businesses here.

(figuratively, hyperbolic) to overpower, overwhelm, or defeat

to kill
to overpower, overwhelm, or defeat


membunuh

(transitive) to erase (writing), to extinguish (fire), to close (leakage)


pembunuhan

killing (an instance of someone being killed)


sigmoid

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σῑγμοειδής (sīgmoeidḗs, “of the shape of sigma”), from σῖγμᾰ (sîgmă, “sigma”) + -ο- (-o-) + -ειδής (-eidḗs, “-oid, -like”)

af

(anatomy, mathematics, statistics) sigmoid


cacing

/ˈt͡ʃat͡ʃiŋ/

[ˈt͡ʃa.t͡ʃɪŋ]

Inherited from Malay cacing, from Proto-Malayic *caciŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *caciŋ (“a kind of worm”).


imperial

From Dutch imperiaal, from French impérial, from Latin imperiālis.


acara

acara-acara (plural)
atjara (alternative)

From Malay acara, from Classical Malay اچارا (acara), from Sanskrit आचार (ācāra), from the root चर् (car), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”). Doublet of acaram and ajar.
* The sense of court examination is a learned borrowing from Old Javanese ācāra (“custom, practice”) as a semantic loan from Dutch proces (“trial court”, literally “process, procedure”).


amuk

amuk (root)
mengamuk (active nominative)
diamuk (nominative passive)
amuk (nominative)
amuklah (nominative)
diamuki (passive)

Inherited from Malay اموق (amuk), from Javanese ꦲꦩꦸꦏ꧀ (amuk), from Old Javanese amuk.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">amuk</i>


anda

Alternative letter-case form of Anda (“you, your”)


anda

(dialectal, West Sumatra) to be deliberately intercepted


antologi

From Dutch anthologie, from French anthologie, from Ancient Greek ἀνθολογία (anthología, “collection of flowers”).

der

(literature) anthology (collection of literary works)


atas

From Malay atas, from Proto-Malayic *atas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *atas (compare Tagalog taas), from Proto-Austronesian *aCas.


atas

mengatasi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mengataskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

teratasi [agentless action + causative benefactive]

in connection with, with reference to, regarding

Buku itu terdiri atas beberapa bab.

Ia berlagak tidak mengerti atas masalah itu.

He/she pretended not to understand about that problem.

Sifat distributif perkalian atas penjumlahan dan pengurangan

The distributive property of multiplication over addition and subtraction.


awas

awas (root)
mengawas (active nominative)
diawas (nominative passive)
awas (nominative)
awaslah (nominative)
mengawasi (active)
terawasi (passive)
diawasi (passive)
awasi
awasilah
mengawaskan (active)
terawaskan (passive)
diawaskan (passive)
awaskan
awaskanlah

Inherited from Malay awas, from Javanese ꦲꦮꦱ꧀ (awas), from Old Javanese awās, ultimately from Classical Persian آواز (āwāz, “voice, sound, echo”). Cognate with Sanskrit वाच् (vā́c) and Latin vōx. Doublet of mawas and wawas.

Awas amukan gempa bumi


ayo

From Malay ayuh, ayo, from Classical Malay ايوه (ayuh), ايو (ayo). Cognate of Malay ayuh, Javanese ꦲꦪꦺꦴ (ayo, “come on, let's, please”).

cog

Ayo beli baju Hishiro sekarang!

Come on, get your own Hishiro clothes now!


baca

→ Cia-Cia: baca

From Malay baca, from Sanskrit वाचा (vācā, “speech, word”).

bacai

to read repeatedly; to learn; to make fun of

Dia sedang membaca koran di teras.

He is reading a newspaper on the terrace.

to read (to look at and interpret letters or other information)

Setiap hari di kelas akan disuruh bergiliran membaca.

Every day in class we will be asked to take turns reading.

to read (to speak aloud words or other information that is written)


bagi

membagi (active)
dibagi (passive)
bahagi (alternative)

From Malay bagi, a variant of the standard bahagi, from Proto-Malayic *bahagi (“share, portion, inheritance; to allot, divide property”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqagi.

inh

to share (to give part of what one has to somebody)

to divide (to split or separate something into two or more parts)

Sepuluh bagi lima sama dengan dua.


bagi

for (directed at; intended to belong to)


bagi

bagi-bagi

to share a lot; to share for many; division

(arithmetic, uncommon) division (the act of dividing number)


bagus

Inherited from Malay bagus, from Proto-Malayic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bagus.

sebagus-bagusnya

as good or nice as possible; as attractive as possible


besi

From Malay besi, from Proto-Malayic *bəsi, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bəsi.

(physics, chemistry, metallurgy) iron (element)


bicara

bicara (root)
berbicara (active nominative)
terbicara (nominative passive)
dibicara (nominative passive)
bicara (nominative)
bicaralah (nominative)
membicarakan (active)
terbicarakan (passive)
dibicarakan (passive)
bicarakan
bicarakanlah
memperbicarakan (active causative)
terperbicarakan (causative passive)
diperbicarakan (causative passive)
perbicarakan (causative)
perbicarakanlah (causative)
bitjara (alternative)

* Inherited from Malay bicara, possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian or Sanskrit विचार (vicāra, “thought, discussion”). Doublet of wicara.
* For sense of guaranteed, semantic loan from Betawi [Term?].


borgol

From Sundanese bogol (“a piece of bamboo tied to the wrists of a man in charge of the police”).


borgol

head

borgol (active memborgol, passive diborgol)


bukan

From Malay bukan, from Classical Malay bukan.

kan (alternative clipping)
'kan (alternative clipping)
boekan (alternative)

Dia bukan seorang dokter.

Bukan itu yang kumaksud.


buruk

From Malay buruk, from Proto-Malayic *buruk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀuk, from Proto-Austronesian *buʀuk (“rotten; bad character”).


sa

(Papuan) I (first person singular prononun)


busuk

Inherited from Malay busuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *busuk (“decayed, rotten, putrid; stinking”). Cognate with Javanese bosok.


catur

From Malay catur, from Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


catur

From Malay catur, from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga), related to etymology 1.

synonym: sekak


cemeti

From Tamil சம்மட்டி (cammaṭṭi, “horse-whip, large hammer”).

whip (a rope or rod used to create a sharp "crack" sound for directing or herding animals)


cemeti

head

cêmêti (active mencemeti, passive dicemeti)

cêmêti (canonical)
mencemeti (active)
dicemeti (passive)

to whip (to hit with a whip or any flexible object)


cuci

cuci (root)
mencuci (active nominative)
tercuci (nominative passive)
dicuci (nominative passive)
cuci (nominative)
cucilah (nominative)
mencucikan (active)
tercucikan (passive)
dicucikan (passive)
cucikan
cucikanlah
mempercucikan (active causative)
terpercucikan (causative passive)
dipercucikan (causative passive)
percucikan (causative)
percucikanlah (causative)

From Malay cuci, from Tamil சுசி (cuci, “cleanliness purity, ceremonial purification”), from Pali suci (“clean, pure”), from Sanskrit शुचि (śuci, “clean, pure”). Doublet of suci.


cuti

From Malay cuti, from Hindi छुट्टी (chuṭṭī, “release; leave; holiday, vacation; break”).

(rare) to have holiday, to have vacation


daku

From Malay daku, variant of aku, from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku. Doublet of aku.


dasar

Inherited from Malay dasar, probably ultimately from Sanskrit [Term?]. Compare Javanese ꦝꦱꦂ (dhasar), Old Javanese ḍasar (“base, bottom; workshop”).

cog

(linguistics) base (a morpheme or morphemes that serves as a basic foundation on which affixes can be attached)

basis (a starting point, base or foundation for an argument or hypothesis)


datar

From Malay datar, from Proto-Malayic *datar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dataʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *dataʀ. Doublet of latar and rata.


datar

mendatar (used-in-the-form)
datar (root)
mendatar (active nominative)
datar (nominative)
datarlah (nominative)
mendatarkan (active)
didatarkan (passive)
datarkan
datarkanlah


enak

From Malay enak, from inak, from Proto-Malayic *inak.


fasih

From Malay fasih, from Arabic فَصِيح (faṣīḥ).


median

médian (canonical)
median-median (plural)

From Dutch mediaan, from Latin medianus (“of or pertaining to the middle”, adjective), from medius (“middle”) (see medium), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“middle”). Doublet of madya.

der

(statistics) the number separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half

(geometry) a line segment joining the vertex of triangle to the midpoint of the opposing side

(road transport) the median strip; the area separating two lanes of opposite-direction traffic

medium, anything having a measurement intermediate between extremes, such as a garment or container

(printing, dated) mediaan, a former Nederland paper size, 470 mm × 560 mm


printer

(computing) printer: a device, usually attached to a computer, used to print text or images onto paper; an analogous device capable of producing three-dimensional objects


over

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch over. Doublet of oper.


ane

Borrowed from Betawi Kota ane, from Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā). Doublet of ana.


anti-

Borrowed from Dutch anti-, from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).

the opposite of what is typically expected

physically opposite, reverse in position or direction

(particle physics) composed of antimatter

(immunology) reacting with immunoglobins found in the specified animal


abang

From Malay abang, from Classical Malay ابڠ (abang), from Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ (*aba + *-ŋ), *aba (“father”).

Umur abang saya lebih besar tiga tahun.

My elder brother is three years older than me.

Nanti malam aku akan ke rumah abang.

Tonight, I will go to my elder brother's house.

(literally or figuratively, chiefly Sumatra, West Kalimantan and Jakarta) elder brother

chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta; chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta

a form of respect used for older young man

(chiefly West Kalimantan, Sumatra) a form of address to the husband in a marriage or marital relationship

chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra; chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra


abang

(dialectal, chiefly Java) Synonym of merah (“red”)


tobiko

From Japanese 飛び子 (とびこ, tobiko, “roe of the flying fish”), from 飛魚 (とびうお, tobiuo, “flying fish”) + 子 (こ, ko, “roe”).


uni

From Dutch unie, from French union, from Latin ūniō f.

the act of uniting or joining two or more things into one

Uni Eropa

Uni Soviet

that which is united; something formed by a combination of parts or members


hajar

hajar (root)
menghajar (active nominative)
terhajar (nominative passive)
dihajar (nominative passive)
hajar (nominative)
hajarlah (nominative)
menghajari (active)
terhajari (passive)
dihajari (passive)
hajari
hajarilah
menghajarkan (active)
terhajarkan (passive)
dihajarkan (passive)
hajarkan
hajarkanlah

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦗꦂ (ajar, “to beat up”, literally “to learn, to do exercise, to receive training; learning; hermit”). Doublet of acar, acara, acarya, and ajar.


lok

(rail transport) Apocopic form of lokomotif (“locomotive”)


serial

serial (having to do with or arranged in a series; published or produced in installments)


ADHD

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder#English

gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas

(neurology, psychiatry, psychology) Initialism of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. (ADHD)


fiat

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch fiat, from Latin fīat.


yg

(text messaging) Abbreviation of yang (“which”).


tema

From Dutch thema, from Latin thema, from Ancient Greek θέμα (théma).


parameter

paramétêr (canonical)
parameter-parameter (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch parameter, from French paramètre, from New Latin parametrum (“parameter”), from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “beside”) + μέτρον (métron, “measure”).


obor

(figurative) torch (a source of enlightenment or guidance)


obor

(transitive) to smoke, fire, or burn with a torch

(transitive) to catch fish, eel, frog, etc. with the help of torch

(transitive, figurative) to provoke, to make angry


-ase

From Dutch -age, from French -age, from Middle French -age, from Old French -age, from Latin -āticum.


bio-

From Ancient Greek βιο- (bio-), combining form and stem of βίος (bíos, “life”).


hepta-

From Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”). Doublet of sapta-.


siapa

Compound of si (“reference to person”) + apa (“what”), from Malay siapa, from Proto-Malayic *si-apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?].

com

Siapa itu?

Baju siapa ini?

Namamu siapa?

Siapa nama anak itu?

what (when enquiring about someone's name)


bum

From Dutch slagboom (“boom barrier, boom gate”) or boom (“beam, barrier, tree, pole”). Doublet of bom.

bor

boom barrier, boom gate (a bar or pole that can be lowered or raised to controll the traffic)

(figurative) customs (government agency that handles taxes of imported goods)


bum

(economics, business) boom (a period of prosperity, growth, progress, or high market activity)


liter

From Dutch liter, from French litre, from Medieval Latin litra, from Ancient Greek λίτρα (lítra, “a Sicilian coin, a measure of weight”).

der

litre: the metric unit of fluid measure, equal to one cubic decimetre. Symbols: l, L, ℓ


homo-

From Ancient Greek ὁμός (homós, “same”).


AU

angkatan udara
angkatan udara#Indonesian

Initialism of angkatan udara (“air force”).


pap

Borrowed from English pap (sense 7, but likely also from sense 5).

Siapa yang minta pap? Jangan, jangan pernah kasih pap ke siapapun.

2020, Agung Sentausa, director, Pindah Planet!!!, spoken by Tia, Yayasan Kampung Halaman:

Who asked for a pap (nude)? Don't, don't ever give a pap to anyone.

(slang) a picture obtained as a result of pap


pap

(Internet slang, usually imperative) to take/send/post a picture (especially a photograph), usually as proof of something

(Internet slang, usually imperative) to take/send/post a picture of oneself with their background location visible and/or to take/send/post a picture of a location (in which one is currently in), especially (as proof) to show where one currently is

(slang) to take/send a picture of oneself, especially of their sexual body parts; to send a nude

(slang, usually active voice) to take a picture of someone, usually surreptitiously and without their consent


prop

From English prop (“property”), or a clipping of properti.

(art) property, an item placed on a stage or set to create a scene or scenario in which actors perform


kebab

kêbab (canonical)
kabab (alternative nonstandard)

From Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *kabab- (“to burn, to roast”).

a dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab

a hand-held dish consisting of pieces of meat roasted on an upright skewer mixed with fresh vegetables and sauces and rolled up in a round piece of unleavened bread


Tigris

Learned borrowing from Latin Tigris, from Ancient Greek Τίγρις (Tígris), an alternative form of Τίγρης (Tígrēs), from Old Persian 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠 (Tigrā), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (Idiglat), from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (Idigna, literally “fast as an arrow”).


neo-

From Ancient Greek νεο- (neo-), from νέος (néos, “new, young”).

(organic chemistry) having a structure, similar to that of neopentane, in which each hydrogen atom of a methyl group has been replaced by an alkyl group

(organic chemistry) being a newly-discovered or -synthesized variant of an existing compound


geo-

From Dutch geo-, from Ancient Greek γεω- (geō-), combining form of γῆ (gê, “earth”).


aero-

From Ancient Greek ἀέρος (aéros), the genitive singular of ἀήρ (aḗr, “air”).


kala

From Malay kala, from Classical Malay kala, from Sanskrit काल (kāla, “time”) or Sanskrit कला (kalā, “a division of time”). Doublet of kali.

der

(geology) epoch: a geochronologic unit of hundreds of thousands to millions of years; a subdivision of a period, and subdivided into ages (or sometimes subepochs)

(grammar) any of the forms of a verb which distinguish when an action or state of being occurs or exists

(linguistics, grammar, countable) an inflected form of a verb that indicates tense


kala

From Malay kala, from Javanese ꦏꦭ (kala, “stinging animal, scorpion”), from Sanskrit कालक (kālaka, “scorpion”).


kala

From Malay kala, from Classical Malay kala.


kala

From Malay kala, from Classical Malay kala, from Javanese ꦏꦭ (kala, “bird noose, snare”), from Old Javanese kalā.


kala

From Malay kala, from Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ). Doublet of qada.


peta

From Malay peta, perhaps from Sanskrit भूपट (bhūpaṭa, “map”) as भू (bhū, “earth”) + पट (paṭa, “garment”). Similar construction in Latin mappa mundī (“map”), compound of mappa (“napkin, cloth”) + mundus (“world”).

compound

(geography) map (a visual representation of an area, whether real or imaginary, showing the relative positions of places and other features)


paha

Inherited from Malay paha, from Proto-Malayic *paha(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa, from Proto-Austronesian *paqa (“thigh”).


PSP

pemegang saham pengendali
pemegang saham pengendali#Indonesian

(finance) Initialism of pemegang saham pengendali (“controlling stakeholder”).


kakao

From Dutch cacao, from Spanish cacao, from Classical Nahuatl cacahuatl.


di-

From Malay di-, from Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (“verb perfective infix for object focus”). Doublet of -in-.

inh

dimakan

used to form passive voice or "patient focus" (in some analyses) on a verb


keluar

(intransitive, transitive) to go out, to get out, to exit

Kapal selam itu keluar dari samudera.


deka-

From Dutch deca-, from French déca-, from Late Latin decas (“(set of) ten”), from Ancient Greek δέκας (dékas), from δέκα (déka, “ten”). Doublet of dasa-.


dia-

From Ancient Greek δια- (dia-), from διά (diá, “through, across, by, over”).


dis-

From Dutch dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.


program

From Dutch program, from Late Latin programma (“a proclamation, edict”), from Ancient Greek πρόγραμμα (prógramma, “a written public notice, an edict”). Doublet of programa.
* For the sense in computing, semantic loan from English program.

der

program, programme (a set of structured activities)

(computing) program (a software application, or a collection of software applications, designed to perform a specific task)


program

head

program (actice memprogram, passive diprogram)


epi-

From Dutch epi-, from Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “on top of”).


endo-

From Ancient Greek ἔνδον (éndon, “inner; internal”).


diet

Internationalism, borrowed from English diet, from Middle English diet, dyet, diete, from Old French diete, from Medieval Latin dieta (“regimen, regulation; assembly”), from Latin diaeta, from Ancient Greek δίαιτα (díaita).


toga

Borrowed from Dutch toga, from Latin toga.

(historical) a loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome

(education) cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)


toga

tanaman obat keluarga
tanaman obat keluarga#Indonesian

(pharmacy, healthcare) Acronym of tanaman obat keluarga (literally “family medicinal plant(s)”).

a plot of land in the yard, to cultivate plants that have medicinal properties


cap

cap-cap (plural)
nonstandard Indonesian (alternative)
standard Malay (alternative)
tjap (alternative)

* Ultimately from Indo-Aryan. Compare Hindi छाप (chāp), Gujarati છાપ (chāp), Bengali ছাপ (chap), English chop all meaning stamp, seal.
* Probably become Chinese 劄 (zhá, “letter, brief note”) through phono-semantic matching.


gamer

(Kalimantan) Calophyllum soulattri, a species of bintangor


novel

From Dutch novelle, from Italian novella, from Latin novella, feminine of novellus. Doublet of novela and novelet.

(literature) novel: a work of prose fiction, longer than a novella


pasta

From Dutch pasta (“pasta, paste”), from Late Latin pasta (“dough, pastry cake, paste”), from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá, “barley porridge”), from παστός (pastós, “sprinkled with salt”). Doublet of pastel.
* The sense of pasta is loaned via Italian pasta.

dough made from wheat and water and sometimes mixed with egg and formed into various shapes; often sold in dried form and typically boiled for eating; a dish or serving of pasta


antipasto

Unadapted borrowing from Italian antipasto (literally “before the meal”).

ubor

(cooking) antipasto: an Italian starter for a meal; normally a cold assortment of salami, cheese, seafood and vegetables


tsunami

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 津波(つなみ) (tsunami, “tsunami, tidal wave, tidal bore”), from 津 (tsu, “harbor”) + 波 (nami, “wave”).

ja-r

tsunami (large, destructive wave generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean)


pro

From clipping of profesional (“professional”).

clipping

Clipping of profesional (“professional”).


term

tèrm (canonical)
term-term (plural)
terma (alternative)

From Dutch term, from French terme, from Old French terme, from Latin terminus (“a bound, boundary, limit, end; in Medieval Latin, also a time, period, word, covenant, etc.”).

der

(linguistics, rare) Synonym of istilah (“term, of word etc.”)

(logic) term (the subject or the predicate of a proposition)

(rare) term (duration of a set length, period in office of fixed length)

term (part of a year, especially one of the three parts of an academic year)


ad hominem

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ad hominem


umlaut

From English umlaut, from German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”).

umlaut (partial assimilation of a vowel)


protein

protéin (canonical)
protein-protein (plural)
protin (alternative)

From Dutch proteïne, from French protéine and German Protein, both coined based on Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos, “primary”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).


tong

From Malay tong, from Hokkien 桶 (thóng).


tong

From Betawi tong (“boy”):
* from Betawi kontong, kontol, from Javanese ꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦭ꧀ (konthol, “penis”).
* from Hokkien 童 (tâng/tông). Clipping of Hokkien 兒童／儿童 (jî-tông).

zh-l

兒童／儿童 (jî-tông)

(dialect, Jakarta) term of address for little boys


rok

From Dutch rok, from Middle Dutch roc, from Old Dutch rok, from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz.


rok

(music) rock, a style of music characterized by basic drum-beat, generally 4/4 riffs, based on (usually electric) guitar, bass guitar, drums and vocals


morendo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian morendo.


prestissimo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian prestissimo.


moderato

Unadapted borrowing from Italian moderato.


cantabile

Unadapted borrowing from Italian cantabile.


crescendo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian crescendo, from Latin crēscendum (“increasing, growing”), gerund of crēscō.

der

(music) crescendo: An instruction to play gradually more loudly, denoted by a long, narrow angle with its apex on the left ( < )


umami

From Japanese 旨味(うまみ) (umami), from 旨い (umai, “delicious”), which describes the quality of a pleasant, savory taste.


fortissimo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian fortissimo.


pianissimo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian pianissimo.


kurva

Learned borrowing from Latin curva, curvus. Doublet of kereb.


moral

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch moraal (“moral”), from Middle French moral, from Latin mōrālis (“relating to manners or morals”).

der

(of a narrative) the ethical significance or practical lesson

moral practices or teachings: modes of conduct

a conviction so justifiable that one is morally entitled to act on it: moral certainty

morale (the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal, or even in oneself and others)