Palu

Central Sulawesi
Central Sulawesi#English

Palu (the capital and largest city of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia)


makan sepuasnya

Compound of makan (“to eat”) + sepuasnya (“as much as one likes”), probably calque from Japanese 食(た)べ放題(ほうだい) (tabehōdai, “all-you-can-eat”, literally “to eat + as much as one likes”).


kejaksaan

kêjaksaan (canonical)
kejaksaan-kejaksaan (plural)
kedjaksaan (alternative)

Affixed jaksa + ke- -an. Attested since Japanese occupation period as translation of Japanese 檢察局(けんさつきょく) (kensatsukyoku, “prosecutor office”).

(law) prosecutor office, procuratorate, procuracy


kejaksaan agung

id-noun

kejaksaan agung (plural kejaksaan-kejaksaan agung)

Compound of kejaksaan (“prosecutor office”) + agung (“supreme”), calque from Japanese 最高検察庁(さいこうけんさつちょう) (saikōkensatsuchō).

ja-r

最高検察庁(さいこうけんさつちょう) (saikōkensatsuchō)

(law) attorney general office, prosecutor general office


jaksa agung

Compound of jaksa (“prosecutor”) + agung (“supreme”), calque of Dutch procureur-generaal.

compound

(law) attorney general, prosecutor general


kejaksaan negeri

id-noun

kejaksaan negeri (plural kejaksaan-kejaksaan negeri)

kejaksaan-kejaksaan negeri (plural)
kejari (alternative)

Compound of kejaksaan (“prosecutor office”) + negeri (“state”), calque from Japanese 地方檢察局(ちほうけんさつきょく) (chihōkensatsukyoku, literally “district public prosecutor office”).

ja-r

(law) kabupaten and kota-level prosecutor office


kejari

kejaksaan negeri
kejaksaan negeri#Indonesian


kejaksaan tinggi

id-noun

kejaksaan tinggi (plural kejaksaan-kejaksaan tinggi)

kejaksaan-kejaksaan tinggi (plural)
kejati (alternative)

Compound of kejaksaan (“prosecutor office”) + tinggi (“high”), calque from Japanese 高等檢察局(こうとうけんさつきょく) (kōtōkensatsukyoku, literally “higher public prosecutor office”).


kejati

kejaksaan tinggi
kejaksaan tinggi#Indonesian


bagan organisasi

id-noun

bagan organisasi (plural bagan-bagan organisasi)

(management) organisation chart, organization chart


skema organisasi

skema organisasi (plural skema-skema organisasi)

From skema + organisasi as a calque of Dutch organisatieschema.


mahkamah agung

mahkamah agung (plural mahkamah-mahkamah agung)

mahkamah-mahkamah agung (plural)
MA (alternative)

Compound of mahkamah (“court”) + agung (“supreme”), previously pengadilan agung (1942-1945), a calque from Japanese 最高法院(さいこうほういん) (saikōhōin, “supreme court”), term used in East Asia, except for Japanese home islands, 最高裁判所(さいこうさいばんしょ) (saikōsaibansho). Continuation of Dutch hooggerechtshof and Japanese 最高法院(さいこうほういん) (saikōhōin, “supreme court”).

ja-r

(law) supreme court: a court of law which represents the highest legal authority within a jurisdiction


mahkamah konstitusi

id-noun

mahkamah konstitusi (plural mahkamah-mahkamah konstitusi)

mahkamah-mahkamah konstitusi (plural)
MK (alternative)

From mahkamah (“court”) + konstitusi (“constitution”).

compound

constitutional court
constitutional court

(law) constitutional court: a high court whose jurisdiction is focused on constitutional law or constitutional issues, such as the review of the constitutionality of laws, draft laws, political and bureaucratic decisions, acts of political parties, etc.


deteksi

Borrowed from Dutch detectie, from French détection.


di sini

From di (“in/on/at”) + sini (“here”), likely to contrast from other compounds such as dari sini (“from here”).


wawasan

→ Malay: wawasan

Affixed wawas + -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦮꦱꦤ꧀ (wawasan, “view, opinion, judgement”).

bor+

a sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; frequently used with into

power of acute observation and deduction

(rare) vision: an ideal or a goal toward which one aspires


dari sini

Equivalent to dari (“from”) + sini (“here”).


pekerjaan rumah

From pekerjaan (“work”) + rumah (“home”).


sama sekali

sama sêkali (canonical)
samsek (alternative)

From sama (“same”) + sekali (“one time; very”).

com

Aku belum mulai sama sekali.

Uangku sudah habis sama sekali.


gocujang

[ɡoˈt͡ʃud͡ʒʌŋ]

Learned borrowing from Korean 고추장(醬) (gochujang, literally “chili pepper sauce”).

lbor

(cooking) gochujang: a savory and pungent fermented Korean condiment made from red chili powder, glutinous rice powder mixed with powdered fermented soybeans, and salt


samsek

Gue belom makan samsek!


gliter

From English glitter, from Middle English gliteren, from Old Norse glitra, from Proto-Germanic *glitrōną (“to glitter”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel-.

glitter: a shiny, decorative adornment, sometimes sprinkled on glue to make simple artwork


perkalian skalar

scalar multiplication
scalar multiplication


hasil kali kelarutan

From hasil kali (“product”) + kelarutan (“solubility”).


dokar

From Javanese dokar, from Dutch dogcart (“dog cart”).

(transport) gig, chair, chaise: a two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage


sanitasi

sanitation: the policy and practice of protecting health through hygienic measures


ifumi

From Chinese 伊府麵／伊府面 (“yi mein”), the synonym of 伊麵／伊面 (“yi mein”).

zh-l

伊府麵／伊府面 (“yi mein”)


sengkel

From Dutch schenkel, from Proto-Germanic *skankô with archaic diminutive suffix -el.

(cooking) shank: the part of the leg between the knee and the ankle


andong

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦁ (andhong, “horse-drawn cab”).


andong

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦴꦁ (andong, “a certain plant”).

Cordyline fruticosa
Cordyline fruticosa#Translingual

(botany) ti plant, palm lily, cabbage palm (Cordyline fruticosa)


makarun

makarun-makarun (plural)
makaron (alternative)

From English macaron, from French macaron, from Italian maccarone.

(cooking) macaron: any of various pastries based on almond and egg white, traditionally made in France


berpacaran

to date: to have a steady relationship with [each other]; to be romantically involved with [each other]


kedokteran forensik

id-noun

kedokteran forensik (plural kedokteran-kedokteran forensik)

From kedokteran (“medicine”) + forensik (“forensic”) as calque of Dutch forensische geneeskunde or forensisch arts.


forensik

forensics: any of several fields of study involving the collection of physical evidence and its subsequent analysis


hunkue

hunkue-hunkue (plural)
hunkwe (alternative)

From Hokkien 粉粿 (hún-kóe, “mung bean starch cake”, literally “powder cake”). Mung bean paste is a filling option for mooncake which traditionally eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival gathering.

bor

(cooking) mung bean paste and its pastry product


hunkwe

(cooking, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of hunkue


kue bulan

From kue (“cake”) + bulan (“moon”) as calque from Chinese 月餅／月饼 (“mooncake”).


materialistis

head

materialistis (comparative lebih materialistis, superlative paling materialistis or termaterialistis, equative sematerialistis)

lebih materialistis (comparative)
paling materialistis (superlative)
termaterialistis (superlative)
sematerialistis (equative)
materialistik (alternative)

From Dutch materialistisch, from materialist + -isch.

being overly concerned with material possessions and wealth

of or concerning philosophical materialism


delesi

(genetics) deletion: a mutation in which a gene, or other section of DNA, is removed from a chromosome


sirkumsisi

From Dutch circumcisie, from Latin circumcīsiō.


sunah

sunah-sunah (plural)
sunat (alternative)
sunnah (alternative)

From Arabic سُنَّة (sunna, “a recommended practice”).

der

(Islam) a traditional practice for which there is a divine reward but for whose omission there is no punishment, a supererogatory act

(Islam) a religiously canonized tradition or practice which attributed to Islamic religious figures (typically Prophet Muhammad)


lukas

(zoology) Siamese algae-eater, a fish of species Crossocheilus oblongus


historis

From Dutch historisch, from German historisch, from Latin historicus, from Ancient Greek ἱστορικός (historikós).


ambeksura

From Javanese ambeksura (ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦏ꧀ꦱꦸꦫ, “brave”), from Sanskrit शूर (śūra, “brave man”).


kreditur

kreditur-kreditur (plural)
kreditor (alternative)

From Dutch crediteur, from Middle French crediteur (Modern French créditeur), from Old French creditor, creditour, from Latin creditor.

(finance) creditor: a person to whom a debt is owed


debitur

debitur-debitur (plural)
debetor (alternative)
debitor (alternative)

From Dutch debiteur, from Middle French debiteur (Modern French débiteur, from Latin debitum, supine of debere (“to be due, have to, must”).

(finance) debitor, debtor: a person or firm that owes money; one in debt; one who owes a debt


perpuluhan

Affixed puluh + per- -an, calque of Hebrew מַעֲשֵׂר (ma'aser, “tithe”).

cal

(Christianity) tithe: a contribution to one's religious community or congregation of worship


caraka

From Javanese ꦕꦫꦏ (caraka, “envoy”), from Old Javanese cāraka (“spy, emissary; servant, attendant”), from Sanskrit चरक (caraka, “wanderer”), चर् (car, “to move, to practise”).

der

general functional position in charge of recording and sending letters or documents sent to other agencies and administering proof of delivery


perpeloncoan

hazing, initiation, bastardisation, raging, deposition: an initiation or behavior that involves humiliation, harassment or abuse, particularly in universities and in the military


yayasan

Affixed *yayasa + -an, partial reduplication of *yasa (modern form jasa). From Javanese ꦪꦪꦱꦤ꧀ (yayasan, “foundation”), ꦪꦱ (yasa, “building”), from Old Javanese yaśa (“building”, literally “honour, glory, deed”), from Sanskrit यशस् (yaśas, “glory, honour, splendor”).


gerinda

From English grinder, from Middle English grinder, grindere, from Old English grindere (“one or that which grinds; grinder”).

grindstone, millstone (an abrasive wheel for sharpening, polishing or grinding)


sirkuit

sirkuit-sirkuit (plural)
sirkit (alternative)

From Dutch circuit (“circuit”), from Old French circuit, from Latin circuitus.

(sports) a track on which a race in held; a racetrack

(electricity, electronics) enclosed path of an electric current, usually designed for a certain function


sirkit

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of sirkuit (“circuit”)


kuplet

kuplèt (canonical)
kuplet-kuplet (plural)

From Dutch couplet, from French couplet, from Middle French couplet, from Old French couplet.

(poetry) couplet (a pair of lines in poetry)


jinayat

(Islam, law, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of jinayah (“crime”)


pancaroba

From Sanskrit पञ्च (pañca, “spread out”) + रव (rava, “roar, thunder”).

compound

transitional season between dry season and wet season

Toendjoekkanlah dasar perbedaan djika hal itoe dibandingkan dengan peroebahan politik dinegeri-negeri asing, oempamanja pantjaroba (revolusi) Cromwell atau pantjaroba Perantjis.

Show the basis of the differences if that is to be compared with political changes in foreign countries, for example the revolution of Cromwell or the French Revolution


jejak

[d͡ʒəˈd͡ʒaʔ]

From Malay jejak, from Proto-Austronesian *zekzek (“to tread, trample on”).


hukum sipil

Compound of hukum (“law”) + sipil (“civil (law)”), calque of Dutch burgerlijk recht (“civil law”).


ibu negara

From ibu (“madam”) + negara (“country”).

First Lady: The wife of the chief executive of a nation; especially the wife of the President of a country; or a woman (e.g. a relative) who takes on similar public duties, as when the chief executive is unmarried

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


kesatuan

kêsatuan (canonical)
kesatuan-kesatuan (plural)

From satu + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kesatuan.

oneness:
state of being one or undivided; unity

oneness:
the product of being one or undivided

oneness, singularity, seen as a component of a whole number; a magnitude of one

(sciences) a standard measure of a quantity

an organized group comprising people and/or equipment


ceceng

From Betawi/Batavia Malay ceceng, from Hokkien 一千 (chi̍t-chheng), from 一 (chi̍t, “one”) + 千 (chheng, “thousand”).


muncikari

muncikari-muncikari (plural)
mucikari (alternative)

From Sanskrit मुञ्च् (muñc, “wicked, cheat”) + कर (kara, “doer, maker”).


janda

janda-janda (plural)
randa (alternative)

From Malay janda, from Sanskrit रण्डा (raṇḍā, “slut”).

widow: a woman whose spouse has died (and who has not remarried); feminine of widower


abduksi

Affixed ab- + *duksi, from Dutch abductie, from Latin abductiō.

(anatomy) the act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; the movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body

the wrongful, and usually forcible, carrying off of a human being


aduksi

From Dutch adductie, from Latin adductio, adductionis, from adducō (“I bring to myself”), from ad + ducō (“I lead”).


kahak

Alternative spelling of dahak (“sputum, phlegm”)


kacoak

Alternative spelling of kecoak (“cockroach”)


kenceng

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦼꦚ꧀ꦕꦼꦁ (kenceng, “tight; straight, direct; strong”), ꦏꦼꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ (kencang, “to stretch and tie”), from Malay kencang, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kcəŋ (“stretched, to stretch”).

der

Kalau lagi dugem, yang penting suara musiknya harus keras, supaya tambah kenceng,

2006, Andre Syahreza, The Innocent Rebel, GagasMedia, page 193:

The important thing when you are in a club is for the music to be loud, so that you feel high and ecstatic,

(colloquial, vulgar) high, ecstatic primarily (but not exclusively) from the use of drugs


kenceng

kèncèng (canonical)
kenceng-kenceng (plural)

Borrowed from Peranakan Indonesian kenceng (“bow drill”), from Teochew 弓 (gêng¹, “bow”) + 鑽／钻 (zeng³, “drill”).


Kampar

→ English: Kampar

→ Dutch: Kampar

→ Chinese: 金寶 /金宝 (jīnbǎo)

A river in the province of Riau, Indonesia

A regency of the province of Riau, Indonesia


propeler

(transport) propeller; rotating mechanical device with evenly-shaped blades that turn on a shaft to push against air or water


baling-baling

From Malay baling-baling. Equivalent to reduplication of baling. The sense “propeller” is a semantic loan from English propeller.


ekspor

ekspor-ekspor (plural)
eksport (alternative)

From Dutch export, from French export, from Latin exportare.


jangkar

From Malay jangkar, probably from Classical Persian لنگر (langar, “anchor”), probably from Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“corner, hirn”). Doublet of angker, anjar, anjer, and anjir.

doublet

anchor: a tool used to moor a vessel to the bottom of a sea or river to resist movement


angker

Inherited from Malay اڠکر (angkar, angker, “haunted”), from Javanese ꦲꦁꦏꦼꦂ (angker, “eerie, haunted; irritable”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">angkar, angker</i>


angker

angkêr (canonical)
angker-angker (plural)

From Dutch anker, from Middle Dutch anker, from Old Dutch *anker from Latin ancora, from probably Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“corner, hirn”).


serasi

Inherited from Malay serasi. Equivalent to se- (“one”) + rasi (“astrology”), related to divine a match of a human using zodiacs.


efikasi

From English efficacy, from Old French efficace, from Late Latin efficācia (“efficacy”), efficāx (“efficacious”).

(medicine, pharmacology, psychology) efficacy:

the ability to produce a desired effect under ideal testing conditions

a degree of ability to produce a desired effect; effectiveness


meditasi

From Dutch meditatie, from Latin meditatio, from meditatus, the past participle of meditārī (“to meditate, to think over, consider”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure, limit, consider, advise”).


askot

Blend of asal (“origin”) + kota (“city”).

blend

What city are you from
What city are you from

(slang, text messaging) What city are you from?


palagan

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦭꦒꦤ꧀ (palagan). Reconstructed as laga + peng- -an.

theater: a region where a particular action takes place; a specific field of action, usually with reference to war


mubazir

From Arabic مُبَذِّر (mubaḏḏir, “spendthrift”).


konversi

konvèrsi (canonical)
konversi-konversi (plural)

From Dutch conversie, from Middle French conversion, from Old French conversion, from Latin conversiō.


colmek

* Blend of colok (“to plug”) + memek (“vagina”).
* Blend of colek (“to poke”) + memek (“vagina”).

blend

omek (alternative)
ngiclik (alternative)


spekulasi

From Dutch speculatie, from Middle Dutch speculacie, from Latin speculātiō.

a conclusion to which the mind comes by speculating; mere theory; notion; conjecture

an investment involving higher-than-normal risk in order to obtain a higher-than-normal return


spekulatif

From Dutch speculatief, from Middle French spéculatif or Latin speculātīvus.


spekulator

From English speculator or from Latin speculātor (“a spy, explorer, investigator”).


likuid

* From English liquid, from Middle English liquide, from Old French liquide, from Latin liquidus (“fluid, liquid, moist”), from liqueō (“to be liquid, be fluid”).
* For financial sense of liquid is a semantic loan from Dutch liquide.

easily sold or disposed of without losing value

having sufficient trading activity to make buying or selling easy


likuida

From Dutch liquida, from Middle English liquide, from Old French liquide, from Latin liquidus (“fluid, liquid, moist”), from liqueō (“to be liquid, be fluid”).

(phonology) liquid: A class of consonant sounds that includes l and r


likuiditas

Learned borrowing from Latin liquiditas.


prasarana

→ Malay: prasarana


cahari

head

cahari (active mencahari, passive dicahari)


kue talam

→ Burmese: ကွေတာလန်း (kwetalan:)


kue lapis

→ Burmese: ကွေလာပေး (kwelape:)

→ Burmese: ကွေလာပေးစ (kwelape:ca.)


kue bingka

kue-kue bingka (plural)
kueh bingka (alternative)

→ Burmese: ကွေပင်ကား (kwepangka:)


likuidasi

likuidasi-likuidasi (plural)
likwidasi (alternative)

From Dutch liquidatie, from Middle French liquidation, from Italian liquidazione.

(management) liquidation: the selling of the assets of a business as part of the process of dissolving the business


likuidator

From Dutch liquidator or English liquidator.

(management) liquidator: one who liquidates


transien

From Dutch transiënt, from stem of Latin transiens, present participle of transire (“to go over, to pass”).

transient: remaining for only a brief time


lancang

From Malay lancang, from Javanese lancang (ꦭꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ, “presumptuous”), from Old Javanese lañcaṅ (“insolent, rude, ill-mannered”).


lancang

From Malay lancang, from Minangkabau lancang.


filsuf

filsuf-filsuf (plural)
filosof (alternative)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek φιλόσοφος (philósophos, literally “lover of wisdom”).
* From Arabic فَيْلَسُوف (faylasūf, “philosopher”)
* From earlier filosof, from Dutch filosoof, from Middle Dutch filosofe, possibly via Old French philosophe, from Latin philosophus
The change is influenced by filosofi.


kombukha

From English kombucha, from Japanese 昆布茶(こんぶちゃ) (konbucha, “kelp tea”). The change from -ch- to -kh- is possibly contaminated by Dutch komboecha, although its actual pronunciation was unclear.

(rare) kombucha: a fermentation of sweetened tea


bahasa Esperanto

id-noun

bahasa Esperanto (plural bahasa-bahasa Esperanto)


kombuca

From English kombucha, from Japanese 昆布茶(こんぶちゃ) (konbucha, “kelp tea”).


munsyi

From Malay munsyi, from Arabic مُنْشِئ (munšiʔ).


farmasis

farmasis (plural farmasis-farmasis or para farmasis)

farmasis-farmasis (plural)
para farmasis (plural)

(uncommon) pharmacist: a professional who dispenses prescription drugs in a hospital or retail pharmacy


korporasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch corporatie, from French corporation, from Late Latin corporatio (“assumption of a body”), from Latin corporatus, past participle of corporare (“to form into a body”).

der

corporation: a body corporate, created by law or under authority of law, having a continuous existence independent of the existences of its members, and powers and liabilities distinct from those of its members


hidrofor

Borrowed from English hydrophore, from Ancient Greek ὑδροφόρος (hudrophóros)

(engineering) a tank used to provide water pressure

hydrophore:
a tank used to provide water pressure


nutrisi

From Dutch nutritie (“nutrition”), from Middle French nutrition, from Old French nutricion, from Latin nutritio.


prestise

prestise-prestise (plural)
prestij (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Dutch prestige, from French prestige, from Latin praestigium.


prestisius

From Dutch prestigieus, from French prestigieux.


praba

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦿꦧ (praba), from Old Javanese prabhā, from Sanskrit प्रभा (prabhā, “illumination”).


heregistrasi

From Dutch herregistratie, her- + registratie.


madrasah aliah

Compound of madrasah (“(Islamic) school”) + aliah (“regarding higher education”).

com+

madrasah aliyah (alternative)
MA (alternative initialism)

(Islam, education) Islamic modern senior high school (US) or upper secondary school (UK)


madrasah sanawiah

id-noun

madrasah sanawiah (plural madrasah-madrasah sanawiah)

madrasah-madrasah sanawiah (plural)
madrasah tsanawiyah (alternative)
MTs (alternative)

Compound of madrasah + sanawiah, from Arabic مَدْرَسَة ثَانَوِيَّة (madrasa(t) ṯānawiyya), ثَانَوِيَّة (ṯānawiyya, “secondary, minor”) + مَدْرَسَة (madrasa).

der

مَدْرَسَة ثَانَوِيَّة

compound

(Islam, education) Islamic modern junior high school (US) or lower secondary school (UK)


lewiatan

(biblical, mythology) leviathan: a vast sea monster of tremendous strength, described as the most powerful and dangerous creature in the ocean


windu

From Malay windu, from Javanese ꦮꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦸ (windu, “a period of eight (Javanese) years”), from Old Javanese windu (“drop; moon; zero; ten, a period of ten years”), from Sanskrit विन्दु (vindu), a variant of बिन्दु (bindu, “drop, point”).


konferensi

konfêrènsi (canonical)
konferensi-konferensi (plural)
conferentie (alternative)
konperensi (alternative)

→ Tetum: konferensi

From Dutch conferentie, from Middle French conférence or Medieval Latin conferentia, from Latin conferens.


konferensi pers

id-noun

konfêrènsi pèrs (plural konferensi-konferensi pers)

konfêrènsi pèrs (canonical)
konferensi-konferensi pers (plural)
konpers (alternative abbreviation acronym acronym)

Compound of konferensi (“conference”) + pers (“press”), calque of English press conference.

compound

(media) press conference, news conference


konsisten

From Dutch consistent, probably via French consistant, from Latin cōnsistēns.

of a regularly occurring, dependable nature


konsistensi

Affixed konsisten + -si, from Dutch consistentie, from Latin cōnsistēntia.

local coherence; reliability or uniformity; the quality of being consistent

consistency:
the degree of viscosity of something

consistence: the condition of standing or adhering together, or being fixed in union, as the parts of a body; existence; firmness; coherence; solidity


kewartawanan

kêwartawanan (canonical)
kewartawanan-kewartawanan (plural)

Affixed wartawan + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kewartawanan.


kebebasan

kêbebasan (canonical)
kebebasan-kebebasan (plural)

Inherited from Malay kebebasan. Equivalent to bebas + ke- -an.

freedom, freehood (the state of being free, of not being imprisoned or enslaved)

freedom, freeness (the lack of a specific constraint, or of constraints in general)

freedom (the right or privilege of unrestricted use or access)


hidrargilit

(mining) gibbsite, hydrargyllite: a mineral with monoclinic crystals, usually white but can have different colors, Al(OH)


metabolit

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch metaboliet.

(biochemistry, physiology) metabolite (any substance produced by, or taking part in, a metabolic reaction)


Sulut

Sulawesi Utara
Sulawesi Utara#Indonesian

Acronym of Sulawesi Utara (“North Sulawesi”).


Sulawesi Utara

North Sulawesi (a province of Indonesia)


diabet

(colloquial, uncommon) Apocopic form of diabetes


kontinu

From Dutch continu, from Middle French continu, from Old French [Term?], from Latin continuus.


kontinum

From Dutch continuüm, from Latin continuum, neuter form of continuus, from contineō (“contain, enclose”).


ber- -an

pergi (“to leave”) > bepergian (“to go away”).

intransitive verbal circumfix from verb with the meanings of

to do something or to have a such condition with various subjects or ways

peluk (“hug”) > berpelukan (“to hug in reciprocity”).

jauh (“far”) > berjauhan (“to located far from each other”).

intransitive verbal circumfix from adjective or noun with meaning

pacar (“boyfriend/girlfriend”) > berpacaran (“to have a such relation in reciprocity”).


ber- -kan

senjata (“weapon”) > bersenjata (“to arm (intransitive)”) > bersenjatakan (“to arm (transitive)”)

transitive verbal circumfix for affixed intransitive verbs


buletin

bulêtin (canonical)
buletin-buletin (plural)

From Malay buletin from Dutch bulletin, from French bulletin.


buku besar

buku bêsar (canonical)
buku-buku besar (plural)

Compound of buku (“book”) + besar (“big”), partial calque of Dutch grootboek (literally “big, great book”).

partial calque

(accounting) general ledger, nominal ledger


ritsleting

ritsleting-ritsleting (plural)
resleting (alternative)
retsleting (alternative)
risleting (alternative)


lengkeng

lengkeng-lengkeng (plural)
klengkeng (alternative)

From Hokkien 龍眼 /龙眼 (lêng-kéng, “longan”, literally “dragon eye”).


garpu tala

From compound of garpu + tala, from calque of Dutch stemvork.


buku paket

Compound of buku (“book”) + paket (“package”), calque of Dutch boekenpakket (literally “package of books”).


memengaruhi

head

mêmêngaruhi (basic-imperative pengaruhi, active memengaruhi or mempengaruhi, passive dipengaruhi)

mêmêngaruhi (canonical)
memengaruhi (active)
mempengaruhi (active)
dipengaruhi (passive)
mempengaruhi (alternative proscribed)


modifikasi

From Dutch modificatie, from French modification, from Latin modificatio (“a measuring”), from modificare (“to limit, control, modify”).


dedikasi

From Dutch dedicatie, from French dédicace, from Old French dedicacion (“consecration of a church or chapel”), from Latin dēdicātiō.


kemarau

(colloquial) ellipsis of musim kemarau (“dry season”).


pagelaran

pagêlaran (canonical)
pagelaran-pagelaran (plural)

Borrowed from Sundanese pagelaran and Javanese pagelaran, from Old Javanese pagĕlaran. Equivalent to gelar + per- -an.


KBRI

kedutaan besar
kedutaan besar#Indonesian

Republik Indonesia
Republik Indonesia#Indonesian

Initialism of kedutaan besar Republik Indonesia (“embassy of the Republic of Indonesia”).


tohor

From Malay tohor, from Classical Malay توهور (tohor), from Proto-Malayic *tuhur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuquʀ (“evaporate, dry up”). The second sense is a semantic loan from Minangkabau tuhua.


ggl

(physics) Alternative letter-case form of GGL


japri

(colloquial) private chat (as opposed to a group chat with more than two participants); PM


japri

(colloquial) to text a contact directly in a private chat with only that person (as opposed to a group chat); PM


jalur pribadi

From jalur (“path”) + pribadi (“private”), literally “private path”.

compound

private chat (as opposed to a group chat with more than two participants)


partai politik

id-noun

partai politik (plural partai-partai politik)

partai-partai politik (plural)
parpol (alternative)
parti politik (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

Compound of partai (“party”) + politik (“politic(al)”), from Dutch partijpolitiek (“political party”).


parpol

partai politik
partai politik#Indonesian

(politics) Acronym of partai politik (“political party”).


epolet

èpolèt (canonical)
epolet-epolet (plural)
epaulet [ɛpəlɛt] (alternative)

From Dutch epaulet, from French épaulette.


lafal

From Arabic لَفْظ (lafẓ, “pronunciation”). Doublet of lafaz.


wujud

wujud-wujud (plural)
ujud (alternative nonstandard)

[ˈwud͡ʒʊt̪̚]

From Malay wujud, from Arabic وُجُود (wujūd).

(chemistry) phase: a component in a material system that is distinguished by chemical composition and/or physical state (solid, liquid or gas) and/or crystal structure. It is delineated from an adjoining phase by an abrupt change in one or more of those conditions


wujud

[ˈwud͡ʒʊt̪̚]


dasbor

(transport) a panel under the windscreen of a motor car or aircraft, containing indicator dials, compartments, and sometimes controls

(computing) a graphical user interface in the form of or resembling a motor car dashboard


rasywah

From Arabic رشوة (rašwa, “bribe”). Doublet of rasuah.


uang pelicin

From uang (“money”) + pelicin (“to make run smoothly”), from calque of Dutch smeergeld (“graft, bribe”, literally “to grease + money”).


uang pelumas

From uang (“money”) + pelumas (“grease”), from calque of Dutch smeergeld (“graft, bribe”, literally “to grease + money”).


uang semir

From uang (“money”) + semir (“grease”), from calque of Dutch smeergeld (“graft, bribe”, literally “to grease + money”).


persekot

From Dutch voorschot (“advance payment”).


uang palsu

uang-uang palsu (plural)
upal (alternative)

Compound of uang (“money”) + palsu (“false”).


pesiar

From Portuguese passear (“to travel in leisure”), from Latin passus (“step”), from pandō (“I stretch”). Reconstructed as per- + siar for the noun, but still a root word for the verb. Cognate of Tetum pasiar & Tagalog pasyal.


pesiar

pêsiar (canonical)
pesiar-pesiar (plural)


skripsi

From Dutch scriptie, from Latin scrīptio (“writing, composition”).


disertasi

From Dutch dissertatie, from Middle French dissertation, from Latin dissertātiō, dissertātiōnem, from dissertus, the passive past participle of disserō.

(education) doctoral thesis, dissertation


kompetensi

Borrowed from Dutch competentie, from French compétence, from Late Latin competentia.


kompeten

From Dutch competent, from Middle Dutch competent, from Middle French competent, from Latin competēns.

(education) having sufficient skill, knowledge, ability, or qualifications

(law) having jurisdiction or authority over a particular issue or question


visitasi

From Dutch visitatie, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French visitacion, from Latin vīsitātiō.


promosi

From Dutch promotie, from French promotion, from Latin prōmōtiō, from prōmoveō.

promotion:
an advancement in rank or position

dissemination of information in order to increase its popularity

(marketing) an event intended to increase the reach or image of a product or brand


ujian negara

id-noun

ujian negara (plural ujian-ujian negara)

Compound of ujian (“exam”) + negara (“state”), calque of Dutch staatsexamen (“state exam”).


pelakor

* blend of perebut (“snatcher”) + laki orang (“other women's husband”).
* Folk etymology: Altered from valakor, from Valak + English -or. Popular spelling influenced by prefix pe-, peng- (“actor of”). Related to the memes, comparison homebreaker with Valak (demon).
* This word become popular in 2017 because there are some scandals viral in that year.

blend

Coordinate term: pebinor

(colloquial) other woman: a female (usually a woman) who has a romantic or sexual relationship with a married man


infal

infal-infal (plural)
inval (alternative)


inhal

From Dutch inhaal, inhalen (“to catch up, to rectify, to make up”).

Apabila mahasiswa berhalangan hadir saat praktikum, ia diwajibkan mengikuti praktikum susulan (inhal).

Students must take make up session, if they could not present in the practical session.


kondektur

kondèktur (canonical)
kondektur-kondektur (plural)
konduktor (alternative)

From Dutch conducteur, from Middle French conducteur, from Latin conductor. Doublet of konduktor.

(transport) conductor: a person who takes tickets on public transportation and also helps passengers


kondite

(nonstandard) alternative spelling of konduite (“behavior, conduct”)


abadiah

abadiah-abadiah (plural)
abadiat (alternative)

From Malay abadiah, from Arabic أَبَدِيَّة (ʔabadiyya, “eternity”).


abadiat

(nonstandard) Alternative form of abadiah (“immortality, eternity”)


fungsionaris

From Dutch functionaris, from French fonctionnaire.


pabean

Reconstructed as bea, biaya + per- -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦧꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (pabéyan, “customs”).

bor+

customs: the government department or agency that is authorised to collect the taxes imposed on imported goods

peraturan pabean

kawasan pabean


kamar isolasi

id-noun

kamar isolasi (plural kamar-kamar isolasi)

Compound of kamar + isolasi, from partial calque of Dutch isolatiekamer.


kamar dagang

kamar dagang (plural kamar-kamar dagang)

Compound of kamar + dagang, partial calque of Dutch Kamer van Koophandel (“chamber of commerce”).


lakor

(slang, colloquial) someone's husband or boyfriend


momen gaya

From compound of momen + gaya, calque of Dutch krachtmoment (“moment of force”).


momen inersia

From compound of momen + inersia, from partial calque of English moment of inertia.

(physics) moment of inertia; a measure of a rigid body's resistance to change in its angular velocity around a given axis


revolusioner

From Dutch revolutionair, from French révolutionnaire.


evolusi

From Dutch evolutie, from Latin ēvolūtiō, ēvolūtiōnis (“the act of unrolling, unfolding or opening (of a book)”).

der

(systems theory) a process of gradual change in a given system, subject, product etc., especially from simpler to more complex forms

(biology, evolutionary theory) The transformation of animals, plants and other living things into different forms (now understood as a change in genetic composition) by the accumulation of changes over successive generations.


pelisir

From Dutch plisseren, from French plisser.

(sewing) plead: A fold in the fabric of a garment, usually a skirt, as a part of the design of the garment, with the purpose of adding controlled fullness and freedom of movement, or taking up excess fabric. There are many types of pleats, differing in their construction and appearance


paduan suara

Compound of paduan + suara, calque of English vocal ensemble


noktah

From Malay noktah, from Arabic نُقْطَة (nuqṭa).


kemantren

Reanalysed as mantri + ke- -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦼꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ (kemantrèn). Doublet of kementerian.

bor+

(government) the urbanized third-level administrative division in kota of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, previously Dutch onderdistrict (“subdistrict”)


tanggung jawab

Etymology tree
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ
Malay tanggung
Indonesian tanggung
Arabic جَوَاب (jawāb)bor.
Malay jawab
Indonesian jawab
Indonesian tanggung jawab
From tanggung (“to bear”) + jawab (“answer”), literally “to bear answers”.

com

the state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable

the state of being liable, culpable, or responsible for something in particular

a duty, obligation or liability for which someone is held accountable

the obligation to carry forward an assigned task to a successful conclusion

the obligation for the proper custody, care, and safekeeping of property or funds entrusted to someone’s possession or supervision


kintaka

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese kintaka (“letter”), cintaka, from Sanskrit चिन्तक (cintaka, “thinker”).


gempa susulan

From gempa (“earthquake”) + susulan, from English aftershock.

(seismology) an earthquake that follows in the same vicinity as another, usually larger, earthquake; aftershock


gempa utama

From gempa (“earthquake, shock”) + utama (“main”). Calque of English mainshock.

compound

(seismology) the largest earthquake in a sequence. Sometimes preceded by foreshocks and almost always followed by aftershocks which are of lesser intensity; mainshock


konsultan

From Dutch consultant, from French consultant, present participle of consulter, from Latin cōnsultāre (“to deliberate, consult”).

der

(Standard Malay)

(healthcare) attending (US, Canada), consultant (UK)


konsultasi

From Dutch consultatie, from Middle French consultation, from Latin cōnsultātiō.


harfiah

From Malay harfiah, from Arabic حَرْفِيَّة (ḥarfiyya).


wiyata praja

id-noun

wiyata praja (plural wiyata-wiyata praja)

Compound of wiyata (“education, learning”) + praja (literally “nation, city”).


wawas

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦮꦱ꧀ (wawas, “to view attentively”).


ekspatriat

From Dutch expatriate, from English expatriate, from French expatrier, from ex- (“out of”) + patrie (“native land”).

expatriate:
one who lives outside their own country

one who has been banished from their own country


sederhana

From Malay sederhana, from Sanskrit साधारण (sādhāraṇa, “general, common”).


sawi

From Malay sawi, probably from Sanskrit सुषवी (suṣavī, “gourd, black cumin”), सुशवी (suśavī) or सुसवी (susavī).

Brassica juncea
Brassica juncea#Translingual


selesma

From Malay selesma, from Sanskrit श्लेष्मन् (śleṣman, “phlegm, mucus”).


daya kuda

Compound of daya (“power”) + kuda (“horse”), calque of Dutch paardenkracht (“horsepower”).

cal

mechanical horsepower
mechanical horsepower

a non-metric unit of power (symbol hp) with various definitions, for different applications. The most common of them is probably the mechanical horsepower, approximately equal to 745.7 watts

a metric unit, approximately equal to 735.5 watts


silabus

silabus-silabus (plural)
silibus (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin syllabus (“list”).

lbor

(education) syllabus: a summary of topics which will be covered during an academic course, or a text or lecture


kadipaten

From Javanese kadipaten (ꦏꦢꦶꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀). Equivalent to adipati + ke- -an.


fasies

(geology) a body of rock with specified characteristics reflecting the way it was formed; facies


fasis

From Dutch fascist, from Italian fascista.

fascist: supporting the principles of fascism


penyangga

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) a solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid

(computing) a portion of memory set aside to store data, often before it is sent to an external device or as it is received from an external device

(politics) a buffer zone (such as a demilitarized zone) or a buffer state


bunuh diri

Compound of bunuh (“to kill”) + diri (“self”), a calque of Dutch zelfmoord (“suicide”, literally “self- + murder”).

clq

bundir (alternative abbreviation acronym acronym)

take one's own life
take one's own life#English

(intransitive) to commit suicide (to kill oneself; to take one's own life)


bundir

(informal, slang) acronym of bunuh diri (“to commit suicide”).


obat keras

Compound of obat (“drug, medicine”) + keras (“strong”), calque of Dutch sterk werkende geneesmiddelen, sterk (“strong”) + werkende (“work, effect, function”) + geneesmiddelen (“medicine, medication”).

compound

(medicine, pharmacy) prescription drug, prescription medication, prescription medicine: a pharmaceutical drug that legally requires a medical prescription to be dispensed


stratovolkano

Unadapted borrowing from English stratovolcano.

ubor

(volcanology) a tall conical volcano, composed of layers (or strata) of hardened lava, tephra and ash; stratovolcano


atelir

atelir-atelir (plural)
atelier (alternative)

From Dutch atelier, from French atelier, from Middle French astelier, hastelier.


fermen

From Dutch ferment, from Middle French ferment, from Latin fermentare (“to leaven, ferment”), from fermentum (“substance causing fermentation”), from fervere (“to boil, seethe”).

(uncommon) ferment: something, such as a yeast or barm, that causes fermentation


jamber

Lu semalem tidur jamber?


semaleman

(colloquial) Nonstandard form of semalaman.


teras berita

id-noun

teras berita (plural teras-teras berita)

From compound of teras (“essence”) + berita (“news”).

(newspapers) a lead; a teaser; a lead-in; the start of a newspaper column, telling who, what, when, where, why and how

(journalism) headline: the main points of a television or radio news broadcast, read out before the full broadcast.


silabel

Borrowed from Dutch syllabe, from French syllabe, from Old French sillebe, from Latin syllaba, from Ancient Greek συλλαβή (sullabḗ), from συλλαμβάνω (sullambánō, “I gather together”), from συν- (sun-, “together”) + λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).


kata pendahuluan

kata pendahuluan (plural kata-kata pendahuluan)

From compound of kata (“word”) + pendahuluan (“introduction”), from calque of Dutch voorwoord (“foreword”).


kata lewat

From compound of kata (“word”) + lewat (“pass”), from calque of English password.


kata kunci

Compound of kata (“word”) + kunci (“key”), calque of Dutch sleutelwoord (“keyword”).

clq

(information science, drama) any word used in a reference work to link to other words or other information

(computing) a reserved word used to identify a specific command, function etc.

(linguistics) any word that occurs in a text more often than normal


kata majemuk

kata-kata majemuk (plural)
kata majmuk (alternative)

From compound of kata (“word”) + majemuk (“compound”), from calque of Dutch samengesteld woord (“compound word”) (samengesteld + woord).


bunga majemuk

id-noun

bunga majemuk (plural bunga-bunga majemuk)

Compound of bunga (“flower, interest”) + majemuk (“compound”). The sense of compound interest is calque of Dutch samengestelde interest.


kompositum

From Dutch compositum, from Latin compositum.


anakan

Affixed anak (“child”) + -an, from Malay anakan, from Classical Malay انقن (anakan).
* Sense of interest in economics or finance is a semantic loan from Chinese 利子 (“interest”, literally “benefit, profit + child, son”) or Japanese 子(し) (shi, “interest”, literally “child”). Compare to Javanese anakan (ꦲꦤꦏꦤ꧀, “interest”).

ja-r

(botany) tiller: a shoot of a plant which springs from the root or bottom of the original stalk; a sapling; a sucker

anakan burung

young plant or animal
young animal, especially for breeding


ajektiva

(linguistics, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of adjektiva (“adjective”)


ajektif

From Dutch adjectief, from Middle French adjectif, from Latin adiectīvus.

(linguistics, nonstandard) alternative spelling of adjektiva (“adjective”)


suku bunga

Compound of suku (“part”) + bunga (“interest”).


suku dinas

Affixed suku (“part”) + dinas (“government service”).

compound

(government) the smallest unit in charge of the government office

sub-office (government service) of second-level administrative division in Jakarta


konklusi

From Dutch conclusie, from Middle Dutch conclusie, from Old French conclusion, from Latin conclūsiō.


tokek

tokek-tokek (plural)
tekek (alternative)

Onomatopoeic. Compare Burmese တောက်တဲ့ (tauktai.), Thai ตุ๊กแก (dtúk-gɛɛ), Vietnamese tắc kè, and Bengali টিকটিকি (ṭikṭiki).


sandi kata

From compound of sandi (“code”) + kata (“word”), from calque of Dutch codewoord (“codeword, password”).

clq

codeword: aq word or phrase (or by extension a concept) used to make a (concealed) reference to another word or concept


pasaraya

pasaraya-pasaraya (plural)
pasar raya (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From blend of pasar (“market”) + raya (“great”), from a calque of English supermarket.

blend

supermarket: a large self-service store that sells groceries and, usually, medications, household goods, and/or clothing


pekan suci

Compound of pekan (“week”) + suci (“holy”).


semana santa

From Portuguese Semana Santa (“Holy Week”).

an Eastern Flores tradition during Holy Week


meliburkan

to free: to make free day (from work or school)


absensi

absènsi (canonical)
absensi-absensi (plural)

From Dutch absentie (“absence”), from Latin absentia.
* Sense of attendance register (in Noun 2) is a semantic loan from Dutch absentielijst (“attendance register”, literally “absence + list”).

sl

absence; nonattendance; deficiency (in school, work and others)


absensi

(colloquial) attendance: the state of attending; presence or waiting upon; the frequency with which one has been present for a regular activity or set of events


independen

Internationalism, borrowed from English independent, from French indépendant.

independent; not dependent; not depending on something else


serdawa

sedawa (alternative nonstandard)
sendawa (alternative nonstandard)


sendawa

Inherited from Malay sendawa, from Sanskrit सैन्धव (saindhava).


tahi besi

From tahi (“feces”) + besi (“iron”), literally “feces (of) iron”.

compound

rust (on iron); the yellow rust substance on rusted iron


resolusi

From Malay resolusi, from Dutch resolutie, from Middle Dutch resolucie, from Middle French [Term?], from Latin resolūtiō (“a loosening, solution”), from resolvō (“I loosen”), itself from the intensive prefix re- + solvō (“I loosen”).

der

a firm decision or an official decision; a statement of intent, a vow

a formal statement adopted by an assembly, or during any other formal meeting

(computing, photography) the degree of fineness with which an image can be recorded or produced, often expressed as the number of pixels per unit of length (typically an inch)

(sciences) the separation of the constituent parts (of a spectrum etc)


solusi

From English solution, from Old French solucion (Modern French solution), from Latin solūtiōnem, accusative singular of solūtiō, from the verb solvō.
* The spelling influenced by Dutch solutie.

solution: an act, plan or other means, used or proposed, to solve a problem


kolonialis

Affixed kolonial + -is, from Dutch kolonialist.


tiroid

From New Latin thyreoīdēs, from Ancient Greek θῠρεοειδής (thŭreoeidḗs, “shield-shaped”), from θῠρεός (thŭreós, “oblong shield”) + -ειδής (-eidḗs, “-form, -like”).


kaki lima

Inherited from Malay kaki lima, from kaki (“foot”) + lima (“five”).

(architecture) arcade: a covered passage, usually with shops on both sides

sidewalk (US), pavement (UK), footpath (Australia)


pedagang kaki lima

id-noun

pedagang kaki lima (plural pedagang-pedagang kaki lima)

pedagang-pedagang kaki lima (plural)
PKL (alternative)


pasar malam

Compound of pasar (“market”) + malam (“night”), inherited from Malay pasar malam.


pasar minggon

pasar minggon (plural pasar-pasar minggon)

Reconstructed as pasar (“market”) + mingguan (“weekly”).


pasar modal

Compound of pasar (“market”) + modal (“capital”), calque of Dutch kapitaalmarkt.


bursa saham

From compound of bursa + saham, from partial calque of Dutch effectenbeurs (“stock exchange”).


bursa efek

bursa èfèk (canonical)
bursa-bursa efek (plural)

Compound of bursa (“exchange”) + efek (“security”), literally “security exchange”, calque of Dutch effectenbeurs (“stock exchange”).


pasar gelap

pasar gêlap (canonical)
pasar-pasar gelap (plural)

Compound of pasar (“market”) + gelap (“dark”), possibly a calque from Chinese 黑市 (literally “dark market”) or calque from Japanese 闇市(やみいち) (yamīchi, literally “dark market”).

ja-r

(business, economics) black market (trade that is in violation of restrictions, rationing or price controls)


klerus

Learned borrowing from Latin clērus, from (Ecclesiastical) Ancient Greek κλῆρος (klêros, “a casting lots, drawing lots”).


wakil rakyat

id-noun

wakil rakyat (plural wakil-wakil rakyat)

From compound of wakil (“representative”) + rakyat (“people”).

compound

(government, politics) people's representative


utusan rakyat

id-noun

utusan rakyat (plural utusan-utusan rakyat)

Compound of utusan (“representative”) + rakyat (“people”).

compound

(government, politics, dated) people's representative


mingguan

Inherited from Malay mingguan. Equivalent to minggu + -an.


mingguan

weekly (a publication that is published once a week)


asbun

Blend of asal (“random”) + bunyi (“(to make a) sound”), literally “to randomly make a sound”, as in without much thought.

blend

...kalau jadi pejabat, jangan asbun.

If [you] become an official, don't speak without forethought.

Terlalu besar taruhan martabat Silalahi jika sampai sekadar asbun.

The Silalahi's dignity gambling was too big, if it was just a speak without forethought.


layung

Ultimately from Old Javanese layuṅ (“dusk's light”). Cognate with Sundanese layung.

Setajam layung senja: Lorong-lorong ini pun juga

1961, Goenawan Mohamad, Setajam Layung Senja:

As sharp as the evening's afterglow: These alleys too

the reddish yellow glow of the sky as the sun sets; afterglow


tempo dulu

→ Dutch: tempo doeloe

Apa yang diingat banyak orang saat ditanya seperti apa Cibubur tempo dulu? Jawabannya hampir serupa: banyak sawah, empang, pepohonan, berudara sejuk, sekaligus sepi dan menyeramkan.

2009 December 13, Yulia Sapthiani, Ilham Khoiri, Lusiana Indriasari, “Cibubur Tempo Dulu, Sejuk dan Sepi”, in Kompas:

What do many people remember, if they were asked how Cibubur was like back in the day? The answers were almost the same: lots of rice fields, ponds, trees, and breezes – but quiet and eerie.

(colloquial) the (relative) past, referring to former times; back in the day


bahasa standar

head

bahasa standar (plural bahasa-bahasa standar, first-person possessive bahasa standarku, second-person possessive bahasa standarmu, third-person possessive bahasa standarnya)

bahasa-bahasa standar (plural)
bahasa standarku (first-person possessive)
bahasa standarmu (possessive second-person)
bahasa standarnya (possessive third-person)

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + standar (“standard”), partial calque of Dutch standaardtaal (“standard language”).

partial calque

Biasanya pemakai bahasa beranggapan bahwa bahasa standar adalah bahasa yang lebih baik dibanding bahasa non-standar.

Language user generally assumed that standard language is better than non-standard language.

Mutu pers ditentukan oleh penggunaan bahasa standar terbaku, baik, dan benar.

Press quality is defined by usage of most standarised, good and right standard language.

Hal ini karena mereka menjadi tolok ukur keberhasilan pemakaian bahasa standar atau baku.

This is because they are success indicator of standard language usage.

standard language
standard language#English

(sociolinguistics) standard language: high language variety, usually as codified by prescriptive authorities


bahasa nasional

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + nasional (“national”), partial calque of Dutch nationale taal.

compound

(linguistics) national language, a language afforded an elevated status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction


bahasa negara

From bahasa (“language”) + negara (“country, state”).


paramasastra

From Javanese ꦥꦫꦩꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦿ (paramasastra). See there for further etymology.

(obsolete) Synonym of tata bahasa (“grammar”)


kesan

From Malay kesan, clipping of bekasan, from bekas + -an.


raja singa

Compound of raja (“king”) + singa (“lion”).

"Kaptennya kena raja singa sampai susah jalan, itu kan karena suka main pelacur dan nggak minum obat."

1998, Ana Adinata Patriani, Pengetahuan HIV/AIDS dan negosiasi seksual di kalangan istri ABK, page 79:

The captain got syphilis causing him unable to walk, because he liked to play with whores and he didn't take medicines.


sepilis

From Dutch syfilis (“syphilis”), from New Latin syphilis.

(informal) alternative spelling of sifilis (“syphilis”)

(derogatory, politics) acronym of sekularisme (“secularism”), pluralisme (“pluralism”) and liberalisme (“liberalism”)


sepilis

(architecture) ceiling: the overhead interior surface that covers the upper limits of a room


sekulerisme

(politics) alternative spelling of sekularisme (“secularism”)


sekularisasi

Affixed sekuler + -isasi, from Dutch secularisatie (“secularisation”).


etnis

From Dutch etnisch (“ethnic”), from French ethnique, from Latin ethnicus (“pagan, heathen”), from Ancient Greek ἐθνικός (ethnikós, “of or for a nation, heathen”), from ἔθνος (éthnos, “a company", later "a people or nation, heathens”). Doublet of etnik.


ijab

From Arabic إِيجَاب (ʔījāb, “affirmation”).

offering: the act by which something is offered; something put forth, bid, proffered or tendered


lembab

Superseded spelling of lembap (“humid”).


sirkular

From English circular, from Middle English circuler, circuleer, circulere, from Old French circulier, from Late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus, diminutive of circus (“ring”). Doublet of sirkulèr.


liberalisasi

From Dutch liberalisatie. By surface analysis, liberal + -isasi.


sauvinis

sauvinis-sauvinis (plural)
cauvinis (alternative)


eklikema

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐκκύκλημα (ekkúklēma).

lbor

(art) eccyclema: a wheeled device, used in ancient Greek plays, that could be rolled out to allow a tableau to be viewed


setan

From Malay setan, from Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān). Doublet of syaitan.

der

Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān)

(religion) the supreme evil spirit in the Abrahamic religions, who tempts humanity and rules Hell; the Devil; (in Theistic Satanism) the same figure, regarded as a deity to be revered and worshipped

a person or animal regarded as particularly malignant, detestable, or evil

(figuratively) devil (a wicked or naughty person, or one who harbors reckless, spirited energy, especially in a mischievous way)


setan

→ West Makian: setan

Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān)

(vulgar) goddamn (an expression of anger or surprise)


syaitan

From Malay syaitan, from Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān). Doublet of setan.

Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān)


amsal

From Malay amsal, from Classical Malay عامسل (amsal), from Arabic أَمْثَال (ʔamṯāl), plural of مِثْل (miṯl, “something similar”).

Arabic أَمْثَال (ʔamṯāl)


amsal

From Malay amsal, from Classical Malay عامسل (amsal), from Arabic أَمْثَال (ʔamṯāl), plural of مَثَل (maṯal, “proverb”).

Arabic أَمْثَال (ʔamṯāl)

Kitab Amsal


telor

having difficulties in pronouncing words correctly


pakar

id-noun

pakar (plural pakar-pakar or para pakar)

pakar-pakar (plural)
para pakar (plural)


jantina

desc

→ Malay: jantina (“gender, biological sex”)

Blend of jantan + betina. Coined by Indonesian linguist Harimurti Kridalaksana in 1995.


jenis kelamin

id-noun

jenis kelamin (plural jenis-jenis kelamin)

Compound of jenis (“distinguish”) + kelamin (“sex”), from calque from Chinese 性別／性别 (“sex, gender”, literally “sex + distinguish”).


kelamin

From Malay kelamin, from Kensiu kəlamɪn (“pair (human)”) (compare Semnam kəːl (“human (classifier)”), from Austroasiatic.

sex: a category into which sexually-reproducing organisms are divided on the basis of their reproductive roles in their species


gaji buta

From gaji (“salary, wage”) + buta (“blind”).


bareng

* Borrowed from Betawi bareng, from Javanese ꦧꦉꦁ (bareng, “together”).
* Inherited from Malay berangai, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian language *barangay. Literally a kind of long boat that is ridden together. This meaning can be found in Philippines languages.


disabilitas

Affixed dis- + *abil + -itas, from Latinised English disability.

disability: state of being disabled; deprivation or want of ability; absence of competent physical, intellectual, or moral power, means, fitness, and the like


memperhatikan

mêmpêrhatikan (canonical)
memerhatikan (alternative nonstandard)


rakyat biasa

id-noun

rakyat biasa (plural rakyat-rakyat biasa)

From rakyat (“people”) + biasa (“common”).

commoner: a member of the common people who holds no title or rank


pendapatan

From Malay pendapatan. Reconstructed as dapat + peng- -an.


pendapatan nasional

pendapatan nasional (plural pendapatan-pendapatan nasional)

Compound of pendapatan (“income, revenue”) + nasional (“national”).


media sosial

id-noun

media sosial (plural media-media sosial)

media-media sosial (plural)
medsos (alternative)
sosial media (alternative)
sosmed (alternative)

Compound of media + sosial, calque of English social media.


perbandingan hukum

perbandingan hukum (plural perbandingan-perbandingan hukum)

Compound of perbandingan (“comparation”) + hukum (“law”).


simulakra

Learned borrowing from Latin simulācra, plural of simulācrum.


komersial

komêrsial (canonical)
komersil (alternative)

From English commercial, from French commercial (“of, or pertaining to commerce”), from Late Latin commerciālis, from Latin commercium.
* Displaced komersil, the earlier loanword from Dutch commercieel (“commercial”).

der

commercial: of or pertaining to commerce


komersil

From Dutch commercieel (“commercial”), from French commercial (“of, or pertaining to commerce”), from Late Latin commerciālis, from Latin commercium.

Superseded spelling of komersial (“commercial”).


air liur

Kelenjar parotid adalah kelenjar yang memproduksi air liur.

The parotid gland is a gland that produces saliva.


liur

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iluʀ (with metathesis).


ketuban

From Malay ketuban analyzed as ke- + tuban.


tuban

From Malay tuban (“amnion”), from Old Javanese tūban (“waterfall”).


mengairi

to wet or supply with water; to overflow with water; to irrigate

(colloquial) to provide someone with water for drinking


air minum

Compound of air + minum, calque of Dutch drinkwater.

Salah satu sumber hayati yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam hidup adalah air minum.

Drinking water is one of the most needed biological sources in life.


senandika

sênandika (canonical)
senandika-senandika (plural)

Reconstructed as se- + meng- + andika, from Javanese ngandika (ꦔꦤ꧀ꦢꦶꦏ), andika (ꦲꦤ꧀ꦢꦶꦏ, “to tell”, literally “you”), from Old Javanese andika (“words, command, order, decree”). Calque of Late Latin sōliloquium (literally “only, sole + I speak”).

clq

(drama) soliloquy: the act of a character speaking to themselves so as to reveal their thoughts to the audience


jilmek

Blend of jilat (“to lick”) + memek (“vagina”). Analogue to colmek.

blend

(slang, vulgar) to perform cunnilingus; to eat pussy


jilmek

(slang, vulgar) cunnilingus; pussy eating


saset

Borrowed from Dutch sachet, from French sachet.


takarir

From Arabic تَقَارِير (taqārīr). Semantic loan from English caption for “caption” sense.

(cinematography) caption: a piece of text appearing on screen as subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast


takrir

takrir-takrir (plural)
takarir (alternative)


jangkrik

jangkrik-jangkrik (plural)
jengkerik (alternative)
djangkrik (alternative)

[ˈd͡ʒaŋkrɪʔ]

From Malay cengkerik, jangkerik, jangkrik, jengkerik, from Classical Malay cengkerik, jangkerik, jengkerik.

cricket (Gryllus mitratus): an insect in the order Orthoptera, especially family Gryllidae, that makes a chirping sound by rubbing its wing casings against combs on its hind legs


seikeirei

seikeirei-seikeirei (plural)
seikirei (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 最敬禮, 最敬礼(さいけいれい) (saikeirei, “most respectful bow”).

ja-r

Setiap pertemuan umum harus dibuka dengan seikeirei.

Every meeting must be opened with saikeirei.

(historical) a low, deep bow, a respectful bow, reserved to the Emperor of Japan; a practice in Indonesia during World War II during the Japanese occupation where Indonesian citizens bowed facing northwards


mengkonsumsi

(active voice, transitive) nonstandard spelling of mengonsumsi (“to consume”)


mengonsumsi

dikonsumsi (passive)
mengkonsumsi (alternative)


tauke

tauke-tauke (plural)
taoke (alternative)
toke (alternative)

From Malay tauke, from Hokkien 頭家 /头家 (thâu-ke, “boss”).


tangsi

From Malay tangsi (“barracks”), probably from Hokkien 團舍／团舍, compound of 團 /团 (thn̂g, “regiment; corps”) + 舍 (sià, “lodging place”) or 董事 (táng-sī, “director”).
.


tangsi

From Jambi Malay [Term?], probably Hokkien 蟲絲／虫丝 (thâng-si). Compare Tausug tangsi'.


susun

Inherited from Malay سوسون (susun, “to arrange”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *susun (“to stack up, pile in layers”), from Proto-Austronesian *susuN (“to stack up”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">susun</i>


rahasia umum

From rahasia (“secret”) + umum (“public”), literally “public secret”, calque of Dutch publiek geheim.

compound

a supposed secret known to many; an open secret


tadah

Inherited from Malay tadah. Cognate of Javanese ꦠꦝꦃ (tadhah, “catching container; capacity, consumption”), Old Javanese taḍah (“catching container; receptacle; food, meal; evening”).


toleransi

toleransi-toleransi (plural)
tolerir (alternative)

From Dutch tolerantie, from French tolérance, from Latin [Term?].

the ability or practice of tolerating; an acceptance of or patience with the beliefs, opinions or practices of others; a lack of bigotry

the variation or deviation from a standard, especially the maximum permitted variation in an engineering measurement


tradisi

From Dutch traditie, from Middle French tradition, from Old French tradicion, from Latin trāditiō, from the verb trādere.


colikiawan

id-noun

colikiawan (plural colikiawan-colikiawan or para colikiawan)

colikiawan-colikiawan (plural)
para colikiawan (plural)

From coli + -wan. Influenced by cendekiawan.

(slang, humorous) onanist (a man who masturbates)


lasik

(medicine) LASIK; corrective eye surgery using a laser to resolve various refractive disorders that would otherwise require the patient to wear glasses


frekuensi

frekuensi-frekuensi (plural)
frekwensi (alternative nonstandard)

From Dutch frequentie, from New Latin frequentia, from Latin frequēns.

frequency:
the rate of occurrence of anything

the quotient of the number of times a periodic phenomenon occurs over the time in which it occurs


angka penting

Compound angka (“number, digit”) + penting (“important”).

compound

(mathematics) significant digit, significant figure


titik berat

Compound of titik (“point”) + berat (“weight”, noun), literally “weight point”, calque of Dutch zwaartepunt (“centroid”, literally “heaviness point”).


pusat massa

Compound of pusat (“center”) + massa (“mass”), calque of Dutch massacentrum (“centre of mass”).


titik pusat berat

From titik (“point”) + pusat berat (“centre of gravity”), literally “point of the centre of gravity”, likely to emphasize that the centre of gravity is in the form of a point.

compound

(physics) Synonym of pusat berat (“centre of gravity”)


sel batang

From sel (“cell”) + batang (“rod”), literally “rod cell”.


sel kerucut

From sel (“cell”) + kerucut (“cone”, noun), literally “cone cell”.


cendekiawan

id-noun

cêndêkiawan (plural cendekiawan-cendekiawan or para cendekiawan)

cêndêkiawan (canonical)
cendekiawan-cendekiawan (plural)
para cendekiawan (plural)
cendikiawan (alternative)

From cendekia + -wan. Coined by Indonesian journalist Soedardjo Tjokrosisworo.


tradisional

From English traditional.
* Displaced previous loanword tradisionil, from Dutch traditioneel (“traditional”).


tradisionil

From Dutch traditioneel (“traditional”).

nonstandard spelling of tradisional (“traditional”).


sekolah teknik menengah

id-noun

sekolah teknik menengah (plural sekolah-sekolah teknik menengah)

sekolah-sekolah teknik menengah (plural)

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + teknik (“technical”) + menengah (“middle”).

compound

technical school
technical school#English

sekolah menengah kejuruan
sekolah menengah kejuruan#Indonesian

(education, historical) technical school (“technical”) sekolah menengah kejuruan, abbreviated as STM


makasih

(informal) thanks (expression of gratitude)


Insinyur

(historical) a collegiate degree, usually involving four years to four and half years of study (about 160-170 semester hours) in engineering

a professional degree, involving one year of study (about 24 semester hours) in engineering


dapet

In the noun sense, likely an ellipsis from earlier dapet menstruasi "get menstruation".


mudarat

mudarat-mudarat (plural)
madarat (alternative)
mudharat (alternative)
mudhorat (alternative)

From Arabic مَضَرَّة (maḍarra, “harm, disadvantage”) of ضَرَّ (ḍarra, “to harm”).


mudarat

madarat (alternative)
mudharat (alternative)
mudhorat (alternative)


penanaman modal

Compound of penanaman (“planting”) + modal (“capital”), literally “capital planting”, calque from Chinese 投資／投资 (“invesment”, literally “to put in + resources; capital”).


mata uang kripto

From mata uang (“currency”) + kripto, a calque of English cryptocurrency.

cryptocurrency (type of digital currency)


sekolah teknologi menengah

id-noun

sekolah teknologi menengah (plural sekolah-sekolah teknologi menengah)

sekolah-sekolah teknologi menengah (plural)

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + teknologi (“technological”) + menengah (“middle”).


komposisi

From Dutch compositie, from Middle Dutch composicie, from Middle French composition, from Old French composicion, from Latin compositiō, from componere (“to put together”).

(Standard Malay)

the proportion of different parts to make a whole

(physics) the compounding of two velocities or forces into a single equivalent velocity or force

(art, music) a work of music, literature or art

composition:
a work of music, literature or art

(of food, beverage or cosmetics) ingredient


ramuan

From Malay ramuan. Equivalent to ramu + -an.

(obsolete) materials or ingredients to make something


sentiasa

nonstandard spelling of senantiasa (“always”).


sekolah menengah teknologi

Compound of sekolah menengah (“secondary school”) + teknologi (“technological”). Compare to Chinese 技術型高級中等學校 /技术型高级中等学校 (jìshù xíng gāojí zhōngděng xuéxiào).

cog

(education) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK) level (ISCED Level 3) vocational school.

sekolah menengah teknologi kerumahtanggaan


sekolah lanjutan tingkat pertama

Compound of sekolah lanjutan (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + tingkat (“grade”) + pertama (“first”) from either
* Calque from Japanese 初等 (shotō, “beginner, primary”) + 中学校 (chūgakkō, “secondary (middle) school”). The post-war Japanese term is 中学校 (chūgakkō), or
* Calque from Chinese 初級中學／初级中学 (chūjí zhōngxué, “junior middle school”).

zh-l

(education, dated) junior high school (US), lower secondary school (UK).


sekolah lanjutan tingkat atas

Compound of sekolah lanjutan (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + tingkat (“grade”) + atas (“upper”) from either
* Calque from Japanese 高等 (kōtō, “higher”) + 中学校 (chūgakkō, “secondary (middle) school”). The post-war Japanese term is 高等学校 (kōtōgakkō). Doublet of sekolah menengah tinggi.
* Calque from Chinese 高級中學／高级中学 (gāojí zhōngxué, “senior high school”).

zh-l

(education) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK).


sekolah menengah umum atas

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + umum (“general”) + atas (“upper”), from
* Calque of Dutch algemene middelbare school of algemene (“common, general”) + middelbare (“secondary”) + school.
* Compare to Chinese 普通高中.

compound

(education, historical) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK), abbreviated SMU.


tanaman hias

From tanaman (“plant”) + hias (“to decorate”), literally “decorative plant”.


pusat berat

From pusat (“center”) + berat (“weight”), literally “center of weight”.


institut teknologi

Compound of institut (“institute”) + teknologi (“technology”), calque of English institute of technology.

clq

(education) institute of technology, technological university, university of technology, polytechnic


institusi

Affixed institut + -si, from Dutch institutie, from French institution, from Latin institutionem, institutio.

a custom or practice of a society or community

an organization similarly long established and respected, particularly one involved with education, public service, or charity work

the building or buildings which house such an organization


institusional

of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or organized along the lines of an institution


makan siang

Likely from makan (“to eat”) + siang (“afternoon”), literally “afternoon eating”.

compound

Apa yang kamu bawa untuk makan siang?

Apa makan siangmu kali ini?


makan siang

Aku belum makan siang!


pengantin

From Malay pengantin, from Classical Malay penganten, pengantin, from Javanese ꦥꦔꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦤ꧀ (pangantèn, “bride, groom”), from Old Javanese paṅantyan (“waiting place”) (compare apaṅantenan (“to be bride and bridegroom”)), anti (“to wait”). Doublet of penghentian.


pengantin

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis#Translingual

night jasmine (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis)


konservasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch conservatie, ultimately from Latin conservatio.


peluru tajam

id-noun

pêluru tajam (plural peluru-peluru tajam)

pêluru tajam (canonical)
peluru-peluru tajam (plural)

From peluru (“bullet”) + tajam (“sharp, real”), literally “sharp bullet”.


peluru hampa

id-noun

pêluru hampa (plural peluru-peluru hampa)

pêluru hampa (canonical)
peluru-peluru hampa (plural)

From peluru (“bullet”) + hampa (“empty”), literally “empty bullet”.


pasuk

From Malay pasuk, from Classical Malay pasuk.


pranata

From Javanese pranata (ꦥꦿꦤꦠ), from Sanskrit प्र- (pra-) + तथा (tathā).

institution: a custom or practice of a society or community


rayap

termite: A white-bodied, wood-consuming insect of the infraorder Isoptera, in the order Blattodea

(figurative) people who scrape other people's pockets


ngab

(back slang, text messaging) Term of address for brother


satuan kerja

(work) unit: group of people who do the same activity


satker

Acronym of satuan kerja (“(work) unit”).


abdi dalem

Compound of abdi + dalem, from Javanese ꦲꦧ꧀ꦢꦶꦢꦊꦩ꧀ (abdi dalem).


ranah

Inherited from Malay ranah, from Minangkabau ranah (“land”).


tanda pagar

Compound of tanda (“sign, symbol”) + pagar (“fence”), literally “fence symbol”, from Dutch hekje (“hash sign”), diminutive form of hek (“fence, stern”).

compound

hash sign or number sign (the character #)

(computing, Internet) hashtag (metadata tag, signaled by a preceding hash sign, used to label content)


pemain sayap

id-noun

pemain sayap (plural pemain-pemain sayap)

Compound of pemain (“player”) + sayap (“wing”), literally “wing player”, calque of Dutch vleugelspeler (“winger”, literally “wing + player”).

clq

(sports) an offensive player who plays on either side of the center; winger


mendahului

(transitive, literal) to cause to be preceded; to preface; to introduce; to precede

(transitive, figurative) to overtake, to pass a more slowly moving object or entity


jangka

Inherited from Malay jangka, from Classical Malay جڠک (jangka).

compass, a pair of compasses (a device used to draw an arc or circle)


senantiasa

From Malay sentiasa, senantiasa, from Classical Malay سنتياس (sentiasa), سننتياس (senantiasa), from Sanskrit नित्यशस् (nityaśas, “eternally, constantly”).


sensasi

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">sensasi</i>

→ Malay: سينساسي (sensasi)

Borrowed from Dutch sensatie, from French sensation, from Latin sensationem.

a physical feeling or perception from something that comes into contact with the body; something sensed

(physiology, psychology) excitation of sensory organs

a widespread reaction of interest or excitement


hiburan

Affixed hibur + -an, from Malay hiburan.


bola voli

Compound of bola (“ball”) + voli (“volley”), calque of Dutch volleybal, from English volleyball.

a game played on a rectangular court between two teams of two to six players which involves striking a ball back and forth over a net

(sports) volleyball:
the inflated ball used in such a game


tabung

From Malay tabung, probably from Semelai tabong (“container”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *[ ]b[oo]ŋ (“feeding-trough”).

der

tube (anything that is hollow and cylindrical in shape)

tabung gas

(obsolete) piggy bank, traditionally made from bamboo


segitiga

(geometry) a polygon with three sides and three angles; triangle


persegi panjang

Compound of persegi (“square”) + panjang (“long”), probably calque from Chinese 長方／长方 (“rectangular”, literally “long square”).

zh-l

(geometry) rectangle: a quadrilateral having opposing sides parallel and four right angles


belah ketupat

(geometry) a parallelogram having all sides of equal length; rhombus


menyarap

From meng- + sarap (“to breakfast”, verb).


menyarap

From meng- + sarap (“litter, debris”, noun).

(obsolete) to be scattered or spread around, like a rubbish


lagi pula

Compound of lagi (“again”) + pula (“too”).

com+

(conjunctive) moreover (in addition to what has been said)


SARA

...kejadian-kejadian yang bersifat SARA... telah dapat diatasi secara cepat.

...events with discriminatory grounds... has been resolved quickly.

Restorative justice tidak berlaku untuk kasus SARA dan radikalisme.

Restorative justice is not applied to discrimination and radicalism cases.

Acronym of suku, agama, ras dan antargolongan (“ethnicity, religion, race and inter-group”): discrimination based on ethnic, religious, racial or other group affiliation


generasi

génêrasi (canonical)
generasi-generasi (plural)

→ Malay: generasi

From Dutch generatie, from Middle French generacion, from Latin generātiō, from generāre (“to beget, generate”).

the average amount of time needed for children to grow up and have children of their own, generally considered to be a period of around thirty years, used as a measure of time

a group of people born in a specific range of years and whose members can relate culturally to one another


kamar pas

Compound of kamar + pas, calque of Dutch paskamer (“fitting room”).


nobar

Blend of nonton (“to watch”) + bareng (“together”).

blend

(colloquial) screening: the showing of moving pictures, either public or private, either film, video, or a broadcast method


termometer tembak

id-noun

termometer tembak (plural termometer-termometer tembak)

Compound of termometer (“thermometer”) + tembak (“to shoot”).

compound

forehead thermometer
forehead thermometer

(medicine, colloquial) forehead thermometer

infrared thermometer, non-contact thermometers or temperature guns


tanur

From Arabic تَنُّور (tannūr), from Aramaic תנורא or Classical Syriac ܬܰܢܽܘܪܳܐ (tannūrā), from Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /tanūr/, “oven”) from which also Hebrew תַּנּוּר (tanúr, “oven”), from Akkadian 𒋾𒂟 (tinūru).


jembatan keledai

id-noun

jembatan keledai (plural jembatan-jembatan keledai)

Compound of jembatan (“bridge”) + keledai (“donkey”), calque of Dutch ezelsbruggetje, diminutive of ezelsbrug (“mnemonic”, literally “donkey + bridge”), it in turn a calque of Latin pōns asinōrum.

compound

(figurative) mnemonic: anything (especially something in verbal form) used to help remember something


asistensi

asistènsi (canonical)
asistensi-asistensi (plural)

From Dutch assistentie, from Middle French assistance, from Medieval Latin assistentia, from Latin assistō (“I stand at”).


ibadah

From Malay ibadah, from Arabic عِبَادَة (ʕibāda). Doublet of ibadat.


ibadat

From Malay ibadat, from Classical Malay عبادة (ibadat), from Arabic عِبَادَة (ʕibāda). Doublet of ibadah.


mempengaruhi

Irregular derivation as pengaruh + meng- -i.


brilian

From Dutch briljant, from French brillant, from Medieval Latin as if *berilare (“to sparkle like a beryl or other precious stone”), from Latin berillus, beryllus (“a beryl, gem, eyeglass”), from Ancient Greek βήρυλλος (bḗrullos, “beryl”). Doublet of berlian.

der

of surpassing excellence; magnificent or wonderful


karbonado

From Portuguese carbonado (“carbonado”, literally “carbonised”).

bor

carbonado: a dark, non-transparent, impure form of polycrystalline diamond (also containing graphite and amorphous carbon) used in drilling


lelatu

From Javanese lelatu (ꦊꦭꦠꦸ), duplicated/plural form of latu (ꦭꦠꦸ, “fire”), from Old Javanese latu (“spark”).


baju koko

Compound of baju (“shirt”) + koko (“Chinese”, literally “older brother”).

compound

(clothing) a traditional Malay-Indonesian men Muslim shirt, worn usually during religious occasions


keponakan

kêponakan (canonical)
keponakan-keponakan (plural)

From Betawi keponakan. Doublet of kemenakan and ponakan.


kemenakan

From Malay kemanakan, kemenakan, from Classical Malay kamanakan.


ponakan

From Javanese ponakan. Doublet of kemenakan and keponakan.


kelentingan

(physics) elasticity: The property by virtue of which a material deformed under load can regain its original dimensions when unloaded


elastisitas

From Latinised elastis + -itas which superseded elastisitet, from Dutch elasticiteit, from French élasticité, from Ancient Greek ἐλαστός (elastós, “ductile, flexible”), related to ἐλαύνω (elaúnō, “to strike, beat out”).

der

elasticity:
the quality of being elastic

(economics) the sensitivity of changes in a quantity with respect to changes in another quantity

(physics) the property by virtue of which a material deformed under load can regain its original dimensions when unloaded


berkas

bêrkas (canonical)
berkas-berkas (plural)
barkas (alternative)

From Malay berkas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀkəs.

(physics) beam (a ray or collection of approximately parallel rays emitted from the sun or other luminous body)


kecemburuan

From Malay kecemburuan. Reanalysis cemburu + ke- -an.


penyelundupan

smuggling: an act of something being smuggled


syarah

syarah-syarah (plural)
syurah (alternative)

From Arabic شَرْح (šarḥ, “presentation, explanation”).


syarah

Borrowed from Arabic شَرَه (šarah, “glutonny”). Unrelated to serakah (“greedy”).


mengantepi

antep (root)
mengantepi (active)
terantepi (passive)
diantepi (passive)
antepi
antepilah
mengantepkan (active)
terantepkan (passive)
diantepkan (passive)
antepkan
antepkanlah


kebetulan

From Malay kebetulan. Equal to betul + ke- -an.

accidental: anything happening accidentally


kebetulan

accidentally: in an accidental manner; by chance, unexpectedly; unintentionally


bureng

From Javanese bureng (ꦧꦸꦉꦁ, “blurry”). Doublet of buram.

(dialect, Java) blurry: not clear, crisp, or focused; having fuzzy edges


telekomunikasi

id-noun

telekomunikasi or télékomunikasi (plural telekomunikasi-telekomunikasi)

telekomunikasi (canonical)
télékomunikasi (canonical)
telekomunikasi-telekomunikasi (plural)
telkom (alternative)

From Dutch telecommunicatie, from French télécommunication, from Ancient Greek τῆλε (têle, “distant, far off, afar”) + Latin communicare (“to share”).

der

(uncountable) the science and technology of the communication of messages over a distance using electric, electronic or electromagnetic impulses

(uncountable) systems used in transmitting such signals


skuy

(back slang, chiefly text messaging) come on


woles

Backslang for selow, ultimately from English slow.


mangkat

Reconstructed meng- + angkat (“rise”), from Malay mangkat (“to pass away; to die”), from Javanese ꦩꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (mangkat, “to depart, to leave”), from Old Javanese maṅkat (“to get up, rise, set out, depart”). Doublet of mengangkat.

Setelah bertakhta 70 tahun, Ratu Elizabeth II mangkat

After enthroned for 70 years, Queen Elizabeth II passed away


menurut hemat saya

From menurut (“according to”) + hemat (“opinion”) + saya (“my”), literally “according to my opinion”, from English in my humble opinion.

compound

in my humble opinion
in my humble opinion

in my humble opinion (Used to introduce or qualify a statement, as expressing one's own view, not one backed by external authority or to be accepted without question)


sosialisasi

Affixed sosial + -isasi, from Dutch socialisatie, from French socialisation.

(psychology, sociology) the process of learning how to live in a way acceptable to one's own society, said especially about children

(economics, government) taking under government control as implementing socialism

publication: the communication of information to the general public etc


sekadar

sekadar-sekadar (plural)
sekedar (alternative nonstandard)


nutfah

From Arabic نُطْفَةٌ (nuṭfatun). Attested before 1950.


plasma nutfah

id-noun

plasma nutfah (plural plasma-plasma nutfah)

Compound of plasma (“plasm”) + nutfah, calque of English germplasm. Coined by Indonesian biologist Mien Achmad Rifai in 1975.


bodong

skema investasi bodong


lautan manusia

id-noun

lautan manusia (plural lautan-lautan manusia)

From lautan (“ocean”) + manusia (“human”). Compare Vietnamese biển người and Chinese 人海 (rénhǎi).


air hujan

condensed water falling from a cloud; rain

rainwater: water (for a house etc) sourced from rain which has not joined a spring, stream or river, pond, lake or sea


hujan es

From hujan (“rain”) + es (“ice”), literally “ice rain”.

com

hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation)


denah

denah (canonical)
dènah (canonical)
denah-denah (plural)

plan: a two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation


pemahaman

(countable) Opinion, judgement, or outlook

understanding
Opinion, judgement, or outlook

(uncountable) the act of one that understands or comprehends

(countable) Reason or intelligence; ability to grasp the full meaning of knowledge; ability to infer

(uncountable) the agreement of minds; harmony; something mutually understood or agreed upon


antek

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦏ꧀ (anthèk, “helper; sycophant, yes-man”).

bor+

(colloquial) minion: a loyal servant of another, usually a more powerful being


bedah

Inherited from Malay bedah (“cracked; broken; lanced by a surgeon”), from Javanese ꦧꦼꦝꦃ (bedhah, “broken through, ripped open; to be overcome by force”), from Old Javanese bĕḍah (“to break, to burst”).

der

(surgery) surgery: a procedure involving major incisions to remove, repair, or replace a part of a body

(surgery) short for ilmu bedah (“surgery (specialisation)”).

(literature, figurative) review: a second or subsequent reading of a text or artifact in an attempt to gain new insights


pejal

From Malay pejal, from Classical Malay pejal.

Roda pejal.


laringoskop

(medicine) laryngoscope: an endoscope used for viewing the interior of the larynx


leher rahim

Compound of leher (“neck”) + rahim (“uterus”), calque of Latin cervix uteri.


jarak fokus

Compound of jarak (“distance”) + fokus (“focus”), literally “focal distance”, calque of Dutch brandpuntsafstand (“focal length”, literally “focus + distance”) and English focal length.


sembah

From Malay sembah, from Classical Malay sembah, from Javanese sembah.


kemalasan

kemalasan-kemalasan (plural)
kemalesan (alternative informal)


bedeng

bédéng (canonical)
bedeng-bedeng (plural)

From Malay bedeng, from Dutch bedding (literally “bedding”), from Middle Dutch beddinge.

shed, barracks (temporary building for workers)


bedeng

bèdèng (canonical)
bedeng-bedeng (plural)

(horticulture) bedding: the temporary planting plants into beds


telang

very thin reed, usually used for cooking lemang and usually woven into walls

(botany) giant clumping bamboos (Gigantochloa)

(botany) Asian pigeonwings, bluebellvine, blue pea, butterfly pea, cordofan pea, or Darwin pea (Clitoria ternatea)


pamong

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁ (pamong, “public official; guardian”)


menghapus

mênghapus (canonical)
dihapus (passive)
hapus (root)
menghapus (active nominative)
terhapus (nominative passive)
dihapus (nominative passive)
hapus (nominative)
hapuslah (nominative)
menghapuskan (active)
terhapuskan (passive)
dihapuskan (passive)
hapuskan
hapuskanlah
memperhapuskan (active causative)
terperhapuskan (causative passive)
diperhapuskan (causative passive)
perhapuskan (causative)
perhapuskanlah (causative)
ngehapus (alternative colloquial)


hijriah

(Islam) Anno Hegirae: in the year of the Hegira, used for dates using the Islamic calendar


modulasi

From Dutch modulatie, from Middle French modulation, from Latin modulatio.

(physics) the process of applying a signal to a carrier

the variation and regulation of a population, physiological response, etc.


titrasi

From Dutch titratie, ultimately from Latin titulus.


ABK

anak buah kapal
anak buah kapal#Indonesian

anak berkebutuhan khusus
anak berkebutuhan khusus#Indonesian


PPDB

penerimaan peserta didik baru#Indonesian

(education, dated) Initialism of penerimaan peserta didik baru.


SHUN

ujian nasional
ujian nasional#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of sertifikat hasil ujian nasional.


mantri cacar

(historical) a smallpox vaccination officer


mantri candu

(historical) head of opium control division


pembuka

id-noun

pembuka (plural pembuka-pembuka or para pembuka)

pembuka-pembuka (plural)
para pembuka (plural)

a device that opens something; specifically a tin-opener/can-opener, or a bottle opener

doa pembuka

opening (pertaining to the start or beginning of a series of events)


kenakalan remaja

Compound of kenakalan (“delinquency”) + remaja (“juvenile”), calque of English juvenile delinquency.

compound

juvenile delinquency
juvenile delinquency


remaja

rêmaja (canonical)
remaja-remaja (plural)

From Malay remaja, from Javanese ꦉꦩꦗ (remaja, “adolescent”), from Old Javanese *rumāja (“young”), rāja (“king”) + -um- (“become”), from Sanskrit राजा (rājā), nominative singular of राजन् (rājan, “king”). Cognate Sundanese rumaja.

Marco menjual bajunya kepada kalangan remaja dan dewasa.

Marco sells his clothes to both teenagers and adults.

(uncountable) adolescence: The transitional period of physical and psychological development between childhood and maturity


gabus

Inherited from Malay gabus (“soft wood from Alstonia scholaris”)

inh+

the dead protective tissue between the bark and cambium in woody plants, with suberin deposits making it impervious to gasses and water

the phellem of the cork oak, used for making bottle stoppers, flotation devices, and insulation material


gabus

head

gabus (active menggabus, passive digabus)


gabus

Channa striata
Channa striata#Translingual


kemasan

packaging: the materials used to pack something


organisasi

From Dutch organisatie, from French organisation. Cognate of Afrikaans organisasie. By surface analysis, organ + -isasi.


sekolah luar biasa

From sekolah (“school”) + luar biasa (“extraordinary”).


bubar

head

bubar (base-imperative bubar, active membubarkan, ordinary passive dibubarkan)


penghapus

pênghapus (canonical)
penghapus-penghapus (plural)

a thing used to erase or remove something written or drawn by a pen or a pencil

a thing used to erase something written by chalk on a chalkboard, by marker on a whiteboard, or by some other erasable implement; a chalkboard eraser, whiteboard eraser, etc.


penghapus kaca

id-noun

penghapus kaca (plural penghapus-penghapus kaca)

From penghapus (“blade”) + kaca (“glass”).


baut angkur

From baut (“bolt”) + angkur (“anchor”), from English anchor bolt.


terpadu

rangkaian terpadu


piutang usaha

piutang usaha (plural piutang-piutang usaha)


utang usaha

Compound of utang (“debt”) + usaha, calque of Dutch handelsschuld (“account payable”, literally “business' debt”).


ayat jurnal penyesuaian

id-noun

ayat jurnal penyesuaian (plural ayat-ayat jurnal penyesuaian)

Compound of ayat (“entry”) + jurnal (“journal”) + penyesuaian (“adjusting”).


jurnal penutup

Compound of jurnal (“journal”) + penutup (“closing”).

(accounting) closing entry: journal entries made at the end of an accounting period to transfer temporary accounts to permanent accounts


aktiva lancar

Compound of aktiva (“asset”) + lancar (“smooth”), partial calque of Dutch vlottende activa (“current asset”) (see vlotten (“to go smoothly, to make progress, to glide”)).


laporan laba rugi

Compound of laporan (“statement”) + laba (“profit”) + rugi (“loss”), calque from Dutch winst-en-verliesrekening.


kejang

From Malay kejang (“cramp”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəzəŋ (“stiff”).


kongesti

From Dutch congestie, from French congestion, from Latin congestĭō (“heap, accumulation”), from congerō (“to bring together, accumulate, heap up”).

the hindrance or blockage of the passage of something, for example a fluid, mixture, traffic, people, etc. (due to an excess of this or due to a partial or complete obstruction), resulting in overfilling or overcrowding

an accumulation or buildup, the act of gathering into a heap or mass

(medicine) blocking up of the capillary and other blood vessels, etc., in any locality or organ (often producing other morbid symptoms); local hypermic, active or passive

(medicine) an excess of mucus or fluid in the respiratory system; congestion of the lungs, or nasal congestion


letargi

From Dutch lethargie, from Latin lēthargia, from Ancient Greek ληθαργία (lēthargía, “drowsiness”), from λήθαργος (lḗthargos, “forgetful, lethargic”), from λήθη (lḗthē, “forgetfulness”) + ἀργός (argós, “not working, idle”).

der

(medicine, pathology) a condition characterized by extreme fatigue or drowsiness, or prolonged sleep patterns

a state of extreme torpor or apathy, especially with lack of emotion or interest; loosely, sluggishness, laziness


wanaternak

From wana (“forest”) + ternak (“livestock”), Calque of English silvopasture.

the practice of combining forestry and grazing of domesticated animals for mutual benefit; silvopasture


penera

weights and measures
weights and measures


bidah

bidah-bidah (plural)
bidaah (alternative nonstandard)

Inherited from Malay بدعة (bidaah), from Arabic بِدْعَة (bidʕa). Doublet of bidat.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">bidaah</i>

(Islam) bid'a: heretical innovation in Islamic religious beliefs or worship

(religion) a doctrine held by a member of a religion at variance with established religious beliefs

(Catholicism) the obstinate denial or obstinate doubt after the reception of baptism of some truth which is to be believed by divine and Catholic faith


gotong royong

id-noun

gotong royong (plural gotong-gotong royong)

Masyarakat berhasil membangun sebuah masjid yang megah secara gotong royong.

The society is successful in building a grand mosque through cooperation.

Pasir, batu kali, dan material lainnya untuk membuat jalan itu dikumpulkan secara gotong royong oleh warga desa.


keresidenan

kêrésidènan (canonical)
keresidenan-keresidenan (plural)
karesidenan (alternative)

Affixed residen + ke- -an, displaced karesidenan, from adapted borrowing of Javanese ꦏꦫꦺꦱꦶꦝꦺꦤꦤ꧀ (karésidhènan, “residency”).

bor

the name of the official residence of a resident

an administrative division of former British Empire and the Dutch East Indies (residentie), which were headed by a resident


karesidenan

Unadapted borrowing from Javanese ꦏꦫꦺꦱꦶꦝꦺꦤꦤ꧀ (karésidhènan, “residency”).

ubor

(dated) alternative spelling of keresidenan (“residency”)


amputasi

From Dutch amputatie, from Middle French amputation, from Latin amputātiō.


suksesi

From Dutch successie, from French succession, from Old French succession, from Latin successio.

succession:
a sequence of things in order

ecological succession: the series of changes in an ecological community that occur over time after a disturbance

Succession (geology), in geology, a group of rocks or strata that succeed one another in chronological order


toraks

Learned borrowing from Latin thorax, from Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “a breastplate, cuirass, corslet”).

der

(anatomy, medicine, entomology, arachnology, zoology) thorax


gajah laut

Compound of gajah (“elephant”) + laut (“sea”), calque of Dutch zeeolifant (“elephant seal”, literally “sea elephant”).

clq

(zoology) elephant seal, member of the genus Mirounga


anamnesa

(medicine, psychology) alternative spelling of anamnesis


engkong

From Hokkien 俺公 (án-kong, “(paternal) grandfather”), both directly and via Betawi engkong (“grandfather”). Compare Tagalog angkong.


anafilaksis

anafilaksis-anafilaksis (plural)
anafilaksi (alternative)

From English anaphylaxis, from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓νᾰ- (ănă-, “(intensifier) thoroughly”) from ᾰ̓νᾰ́ (ănắ, “to, again, upon”) and φύλαξις (phúlaxis, “protection, watching, guarding”). Compare to Dutch anafylaxie.

der

(pathology) anaphylaxis: Extreme sensitivity to a substance such as a foreign protein or drug; A severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen, causing a constriction of the trachea, preventing breathing; anaphylactic shock


respirasi

From Dutch respiratie, from Latin respiratio, respirare.

the process of inhaling and exhaling; breathing, breath

the process by which cells obtain chemical energy by the consumption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide


gagal ginjal

id-noun

gagal ginjal (plural gagal-gagal ginjal)

Compound of gagal (“failure”) + ginjal (“kidney”), calque of Dutch nierfalen (“kidney failure”).


henti jantung

id-noun

hênti jantung (plural henti-henti jantung)

hênti jantung (canonical)
henti-henti jantung (plural)

Compound of henti (“stop”) + jantung (“heart”), calque of Dutch hartstilstand (“cardiac arrest”).

clq

(cardiology, emergency medicine, pathology) cardiac arrest


hipertensi

From Dutch hypertensie, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over”) + Latin tensiō (“pressure”). By surface analysis, hiper- + tensi.

hypertension (the disease or disorder of abnormally high blood pressure)


kesehatan masyarakat

id-noun

kesehatan masyarakat (plural kesehatan-kesehatan masyarakat)

Compound of kesehatan (“health”) + masyarakat (“public”), calque of Dutch volksgezondheid (“public health”).


sampel

sampêl (canonical)
sampel-sampel (plural)

Borrowed from English sample, from Middle English saumple, sample, from Old French essample (“example”), from Latin exemplum.

(statistics) sample: a subset of a population selected for measurement, observation or questioning, to provide statistical information about the population


rerata

the average of a set of values, calculated by summing them together and dividing by the number of terms; the arithmetic mean

any function of multiple variables that satisfies certain properties and yields a number representative of its arguments; or, the number so yielded; a measure of central tendency


rata-rata

(statistics) any measure of central tendency, especially any mean, the median, or the mode

average:
(mathematics) the arithmetic mean


gombal

From Javanese gombal (“rag”).
Hypothetically second sense related to wordplay English "love" and Indonesian "lap".

a piece of old cloth, especially one used for cleaning; a tattered piece of cloth; rag

rayuan gombal


jalur belakang

id-noun

jalur belakang (plural jalur-jalur belakang)

From jalur (“line; lane”) + belakang (“back”). Compare to Chinese 後門 /后门 (hòumén).

compound

dia masuk PNS lewat jalur belakang

dia masuk SMA itu lewat jalur belakang


terjun

[t̪ərˈd͡ʒʊn]

From Malay terjun, from Classical Malay ترجون (terjun), from Proto-Malayic *tVɣəɟun.

to leap down; to jump from a high place to a lower place

(by extension) to be involved in; to get into a study, employment, etc


seronok

Inherited from Malay seronok, from East Austroasiatic. Compare Khmer ស្រណុក (srɑɑnok, “easy; comfortable; pleasant”), Thai สนุก (sà-nùk).


semangat

sêmangat (canonical)
semangat-semangat (plural)

Inherited from Malay semangat, from Proto-Malayic *sumaŋət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sumaŋed (“soul of a living being; soul of the rice plant”).

inh

the spirit or essence of a person usually thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality, often believed to live on after the person's death

spirit:
the soul of a person or other creature

a supernatural being, often but not exclusively without physical form

Ini bertentangan dengan semangat perjanjian.

This goes against the spirit of the agreement.

spirit:
the manner or style of something

temper or disposition of mind; mental condition or disposition; intellectual or moral state

consciousness, awareness: the state of being conscious or aware

great warmth of feeling; fervor; passion

morale: the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal, or even in oneself and others

energy: the impetus behind all motion and all activity


berbayar

konten berbayar


autoimun

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch auto-immuun.


keras kepala

Prepositive compound of keras (“hard”) + kepala (“head”), literally “hard head”, compare to English hardheaded.


keanekaragaman hayati

From keanekaragaman (“diversity”) + hayati (“related to life”).


deviasi standar

Compound of deviasi (“deviation”) + standar (“standard”), calque of Dutch standaarddeviatie (“standard deviation”), from English standard deviation. Coined by English mathematician Karl Pearson in 1894 in his paper "On the dissection of asymmetrical frequency curves".

calque

simpangan baku
simpangan baku#Indonesian

(statistics) synonym of simpangan baku (“standard deviation”)


bersi-

From ber- + se-, influenced by Minangkabau basi-.
Berse- > bersi-


cacing hati

From cacing (“worm”) + hati (“liver”), literally “liver worm”.


hipotermi

From Dutch hypothermie, from French hypothermie, from New Latin hypothermia, from Ancient Greek ὑπο- (hupo-, “under”) + θέρμη (thérmē, “heat”) + Latin -ia.

(pathology, nonstandard) alternative form of hipotermia (“hypothermia”)


kunci jawaban

Banyak yang salah di kunci jawabannya! Harusnya jawaban soal nomor 3 C, nomor 6 B, nomor 7 E, nomor 9 A dan nomor 12 D.

A lot is wrong in the answer key! It should be that the answer to question number 3 is C, number 6 is B, number 7 is E, number 9 is A and number 12 is D.


kamar sakit

Compound of kamar (“chamber, room”) + sakit (“sick”), calque of English sickroom.


variansi

variansi-variansi (plural)
varians (alternative)

From Dutch variantie, ultimately from Latin variantia.

(statistics) variance: the second central moment in probability


keterangan

kêtêrangan (canonical)
keterangan-keterangan (plural)

Inherited from Malay keterangan, synchronically analysable as terang + ke- -an.

(law) testimony (statements made by a witness in court)

(cartography) legend (a key to the symbols and color codes on a map, chart, etc)


subjek

subjèk (canonical)
subjek-subjek (plural)
subyek (alternative nonstandard)

Borrowed from Dutch subject, from Latin subiectus (“a subject, an inferior”), subiectum (“the subject of a proposition”), past participle of subiciō (“throw, lay, place”), from sub (“under, at the foot of”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”). The pronunciation is influenced by English subject.

der

(grammar) the word or word group about whom a statement is made

a human, animal or an inanimate object that is being examined, treated, analysed, etc.


pesangon

From Javanese pesangon (ꦥꦼꦱꦔꦺꦴꦤ꧀, “provision money”). Reanalysed as sangu + peng- -an.


uang pisah

From uang (“money”) + pisah (“to separate”), calque of English separation pay.


uang penggantian hak

id-noun

uang penggantian hak (plural uang-uang penggantian hak)

From uang (“money”) + penggantian + hak (“right”).

compound

(law, Indonesia) compensation right pay or compensation pay


uang penghargaan masa kerja

id-noun

uang penghargaan masa kerja (plural uang-uang penghargaan masa kerja)

uang-uang penghargaan masa kerja (plural)

From uang (“money”) + penghargaan (“appreciation, honour”) + masa kerja (“years of service”).


UPMK

uang penghargaan masa kerja
uang penghargaan masa kerja#Indonesian

(law) Initialism of uang penghargaan masa kerja (“long service pay”).


UPH

uang penggantian hak
uang penggantian hak#Indonesian

(law) Initialism of uang penggantian hak.


bineka

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese bhinneka (compound of bhinna (“split, pierced; divided; different, separated”) + eka (“one”)).


UMR

(law, dated) Initialism of upah minimum regional.


mapel

mata pelajaran
mata pelajaran#Indonesian


spesifik

From Dutch specifiek, from Old French specifique, from Late Latin specificus (“specific, particular”), from Latin speciēs (“kind”) + faciō (“make”).


rekam jejak

Compound of rekam + jejak, calque of English track record.


rekam medis

Compound of rekam (“record”) + medis (“medical”), calque of English medical record.

(Standard Malay)


rekaman

rekaman-rekaman (plural)
rakaman (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)


perekam

recorder: an apparatus for recording; a device which records


jalan salib

Compound of jalan (“way”) + salib (“cross”), calque of Latin Via Crucis.

a series of pictures or statues depicting the Stations of the Cross, as laid out around a church, along a road etc.

religious devotions in connection with these stages