penasun

id-noun

pênasun (plural penasun-penasun or para penasun)

pênasun (canonical)
penasun-penasun (plural)
para penasun (plural)

pengguna narkoba suntik
pengguna narkoba suntik#Indonesian

(medicine) acronym of pengguna narkoba suntik (“injection drug user”)

pengguna napza suntik
pengguna napza suntik#Indonesian

(medicine) acronym of pengguna napza suntik (“injection drug user”)


aneurisme

Internationalism, from Ancient Greek ἀνεύρυσμα (aneúrusma, “a widening, a dilation”). Doublet of aneurisma.


hiperemis

id-adj

hiperemis (comparative lebih hiperemis, superlative paling hiperemis)

lebih hiperemis (comparative)
paling hiperemis (superlative)

Borrowed from Dutch hyperemisch (“hyperemic”).


ulkus

Learned borrowing from Latin ulcus (“sore, ulcer, wound”). Cognate with Piawai Malay ulser.


ulkus dekubitus

id-noun

ulkus dekubitus (plural ulkus-ulkus dekubitus)

(pathology) decubitus ulcer, pressure ulcer


ulkus tekan

ulkus têkan (canonical)
ulkus-ulkus tekan (plural)

From ulkus (“ulcer”) + tekan (“to press”).


luka baring

From luka (“wound, sore”) + baring (“to lie down”).

com

(pathology) bedsore (lesion caused by pressure)


ulkus duodenum

id-noun

ulkus duodenum (plural ulkus-ulkus duodenum)

(pathology) duodenal ulcer (a peptic ulcer located in the duodenum)


ulkus esofagus

ulkus esofagus (plural ulkus-ulkus esofagus)

(pathology) esophageal ulcer (a peptic ulcer located at esophagus)


ulkus gastrik

ulkus gastrik (plural ulkus-ulkus gastrik)

(pathology) gastric ulcer (a peptic ulcer located in the stomach)


tukak lambung

tukak lambung (plural tukak-tukak lambung)

From tukak (“ulcer”) + lambung (“stomach”).

gastrointestinal tract
gastrointestinal tract#English

(pathology) peptic ulcer, stomach ulcer (an ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract)

(pathology, specifically) gastric ulcer (a peptic ulcer located in the stomach)


ulkus peptikum

ulkus peptikum (plural ulkus-ulkus peptikum)

ulkus-ulkus peptikum (plural)
ulkus peptik (alternative)

(medicine) peptic ulcer (an ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract)


ulkus peptik

ulkus peptik (plural ulkus-ulkus peptik)

ulkus peptikum
ulkus peptikum#Indonesian

(pathology) Alternative form of ulkus peptikum (“peptic ulcer”)


ulkus tropis

ulkus tropis (plural ulkus-ulkus tropis)

ulkus-ulkus tropis (plural)
ulkus tropik (alternative)

(pathology) tropical ulcer (a chronic ulcerative skin lesion, common in tropical climates)


ulkus tropik

ulkus tropik (plural ulkus-ulkus tropik)

(pathology) Alternative form of ulkus tropis (“tropical ulcer”)


tukak peptik

tukak peptik (plural tukak-tukak peptik)

(pathology) Synonym of ulkus peptikum (“peptic ulcer”)


traksi

Borrowed from Dutch tractie (“traction”), from French traction, from Late Latin tractiōnem, trahō.

bor+

(medicine, surgery) a mechanically applied sustained pull, especially to a limb


multipolaritas

(neuroscience) the quality or fact of a nerve cell having several dendrites


abutmen

(dentistry) the tooth that supports a denture or bridge


inkubasi

Borrowed from Dutch incubatie, from French incubation, from Latin incubatiō.

(medicine, pathology) the development of a disease from its causes, or the period of such development


alikuot

(biochemistry, biotechnology, chemistry) aliquot


anensefali

anènséfali (canonical)
anensefali-anensefali (plural)

Internationalism, ultimately from Latin anencephalia.


malformasi

(teratology) Alternative spelling of malaformasi


malaformasi

malaformasi-malaformasi (plural)
malformasi (alternative)


planografi

planography:
(medicine) medical tomography


penkes

penurunan kesadaran
penurunan kesadaran#Indonesian

loss of consciousness
loss of consciousness

(medicine, neurology) acronym of penurunan kesadaran (“loss of consciousness”)


jarak kelahiran

id-noun

jarak kelahiran (plural jarak-jarak kelahiran)

Compound of jarak (“distance”) + kelahiran (“birth”).

com+

inter-birth interval
inter-birth interval

inter-pregnancy interval
inter-pregnancy interval

(demography, obstetrics) inter-birth interval (IBI), inter-pregnancy interval: the time between pregnancies, or the interval between giving birth and getting pregnant again


regresi

Borrowed from Dutch regressie (“regression”), from French régression (“regression”), from Latin regressiōnem.

bor+

(medicine) the diminishing of a cellular mass like a tumor, or of an organ size


seroprevalensi

Internationalism, borrowed from English seroprevalence.


urap

Inherited from Malay urap (“cosmetic lotion; scent”).


afasia ekspresif

id-noun

afasia ekspresif (plural afasia-afasia ekspresif)

Compound of afasia (“aphasia”) + ekspresif (“expressive”).

com+

(neurology) expressive aphasia, Broca's aphasia: a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language although comprehension generally remains intact


afasia optik

id-noun

afasia optik (plural afasia-afasia optik)

(neurology) optic aphasia: a rare neurological disorder that makes it difficult to name objects that are seen, but not to name objects that are heard or felt


afek mengambang

afek mengambang (plural afek-afek mengambang)

(psychology, psychiatry) feelings that are detached from their original object which can then be attached to another object.


gaduh gelisah

gaduh gelisah (plural gaduh-gaduh gelisah)

(psychiatry) agitation: a feeling of irritability, mental distress or severe restlessness


gangguan fungsional

gangguan fungsional (plural gangguan-gangguan fungsional)

Compound of gangguan (“disorder”) + fungsional.

com+

(psychology, psychiatry) functional disorder: a group of recognisable medical conditions which are due to changes to the functioning of the systems of the body rather than due to a disease affecting the structure of the body


genetika perilaku

id-noun

genetika perilaku (plural genetika-genetika perilaku)

(genetics, psychology) behaviour genetics, behavioral genetics: the study of how genes and environment influence behavior


inflamasi

Borrowed from Dutch inflammatie, from French inflammation, from Latin īnflammātiō.

(pathology) inflammation: a condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain


titik buta

Compound of titik (“spot”) + buta (“blind”).

com+

(ophthalmology) the place where the optic nerve attaches to the retina, and so where the retina cannot detect light; the portion of the visual field that corresponds to this site

(ophthalmology, proscribed) any portion of the visual field in which the vision is impaired (by ocular disease)


bintik buta

(ophthalmology) blind spot, scotoma: an area of impaired or lost vision within a visual field otherwise in a good (or at least healthy) state


insting

Borrowed from Dutch instinct, from French instinct, from Latin īnstīnctus.

a natural or inherent impulse or behaviour

an intuitive reaction not based on rational conscious thought


involusi

Borrowed from Dutch involutie, from French involution, from Latin involūtiō, involvō.

(medicine) the shrinking of an organ (such as the uterus) to a former size

(physiology) the regressive changes in the body occurring with old age


kateksis

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κάθεξις (káthexis, “holding, retention”).

bor+

(psychoanalysis) cathexis: the concentration of libido or emotional energy on a single object or idea


kemoterapi

(medicine) any chemical treatment intended to be therapeutic with respect to a disease state

(oncology) chemical treatment to kill or halt the replication and/or spread of cancerous cells in a patient


potensial aksi

id-noun

potensial aksi (plural potensial-potensial aksi)


PPDGJ

(psychiatry) Initialism of pedoman penggolongan dan diagnosis gangguan jiwa (literally “mental disorder classification and diagnosis guide”).


gangguan jiwa

gangguan jiwa (plural gangguan-gangguan jiwa)

Compound of gangguan (“disorder”) + jiwa (“soul, spirit”). Compare to Afrikaans geestesteuring, Japanese 精神障害(せいしんしょうがい) (seishinshōgai).

com+

(psychiatry, psychology) mental disorder


rasionalisasi

Borrowed from Dutch rationalisatie, from French rationalisation.

(psychiatry, psychology) the concealment of true motivation in some non-threatening way


asetabulum

Learned borrowing from Latin acētābulum (“acetabulum”).

lbor

(anatomy) the bony cup of the hip bone which receives the head of the femur, socket of the hipbone


penahanan

pênahanan (canonical)
penahanan-penahanan (plural)


iritabilitas

Learned borrowing from Latin irritabilitās.

(physiology) irritability: A natural susceptibility, characteristic of all living organisms, tissues, and cells, to the influence of certain stimuli, response being manifested in a variety of ways


aksila

Learned borrowing from Latin axilla (“side, armpit”).

(anatomy) the armpit, or the cavity beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder


AKBK

alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit
alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit#Indonesian

(gynaecology) acronym of alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit


alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit

id-noun

alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit (plural alat-alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit)

alat-alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit (plural)
AKBK (alternative initialism)

Compound of alat + kontrasepsi (“contraception”) + bawah + kulit (“skin”).

com+

(gynaecology) implant: anything surgically implanted in the body, such as a tissue graft or prosthesis, particularly breast implants


kontrasepsi

(andrology, gynaecology) contraception: the use of a device or procedure to prevent conception as a result of sexual activity


badai sitokin

id-noun

badai sitokin (plural badai-badai sitokin)

Compound of badai (“storm”) + sitokin (“cytokine”).

com+

cytokine release syndrome
cytokine release syndrome

(pathology) cytokine storm, cytokine cascade, cytokine release syndrome: an immune system–cytokine positive feedback reaction to certain infections and certain drugs, which occurs when large numbers of white blood cells are activated and release inflammatory cytokines, which in turn activate more white blood cells


sitokin

Internationalism, borrowed from English cytokine.


intubasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch intubatie (“intubation”).

bor+

(medicine) intubation: the introduction of a tube into an organ to keep it open, as into the larynx in cases of croup


tanda vital

tanda-tanda vital (plural)
TTV (alternative)

(medicine) vital signs: a set of measurements of a patient's condition taken regularly to assess the state of bodily functions: CSM, skin signs, lung sounds, temperature, pulse, blood pressure and respiration


nodus limfa

Compound of nodus (“node”) + limfa (“lymph”).

com+

(anatomy, immunology) lymph node, lymphatic node, lymph gland, lymphoglandula, lymphonodus


getah bening

id-noun

getah bening (plural getah-getah bening)

Compound of getah (“fluid”) + bening (“clear”), calque of Latin lympha (literally “(clear) water”).

clq

(physiology) lymph (colorless, watery, coagulable bodily fluid which bathes the tissues and is carried by the lymphatic system into the bloodstream; it resembles blood plasma in containing white blood cells and especially lymphocytes but normally few red blood cells and no platelets)


spesialis utama

id-noun

spesialis utama (plural spesialis-spesialis utama)

spesialis-spesialis utama (plural)
Sp.U. (alternative)

(education, medicine, dated) the title of subspecialist (doctor with advanced training and knowledge in a specific part) (1993-...)

(healthcare, medicine) specialist of these four specialties: internal medicine, surgery, paediatrics, and obstetrics and gynaecology


spesialis penunjang

spesialis penunjang (plural spesialis-spesialis penunjang)

medical rehabilitation
medical rehabilitation

anatomical pathology
anatomical pathology

(healthcare, medicine) specialist of these specialties: anaesthesiology, radiology, medical rehabilitation, clinical pathology and anatomical pathology


spesialis lain

spesialis lain (plural spesialis-spesialis lain)

spesialis utama
spesialis utama#Indonesian

spesialis penunjang
spesialis penunjang#Indonesian

(healthcare, medicine) specialist of specialties outside of spesialis utama and spesialis penunjang


sayatan

(medicine) incision (A cut, especially one made by a scalpel or similar medical tool in the context of surgical operation; the scar resulting from such a cut)


anergi

Borrowed from Dutch anergie (“anergy”), from New Latin anergia, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, “not, without”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”).


bangkitan

(medicine) evocation: induction of a particular tissue produced by the action of an evocator

(medicine, neurology) seizure: a convulsion or other clinically detectable event caused by a sudden discharge of electrical activity in the brain


luka bakar

Compound of luka + bakar, calque of Dutch brandwond (“burn”, literally “fire wound”).

clq

(medicine, surgery) burn: a physical injury caused by heat, cold, electricity, radiation or caustic chemicals


aferen

id-adj

aferen (comparative lebih aferen, superlative paling aferen)

lebih aferen (comparative)
paling aferen (superlative)

Borrowed from Dutch afferent, from French afférent, from Latin adferens (“bringing to”).


aferen

(anatomy) afferent: an afferent structure or connection


eferen

eferen (comparative lebih eferen, superlative paling eferen)

lebih eferen (comparative)
paling eferen (superlative)

Borrowed from Dutch efferent, from French efférent, from Latin efferēns, present active participle of efferō (“bring or carry out”),


ablasi endometrium

id-noun

ablasi endometrium (plural ablasi-ablasi endometrium)

endometrial ablation
endometrial ablation


ablasi jantung

ablasi jantung (plural ablasi-ablasi jantung)


ablasi kateter

ablasi kateter (plural ablasi-ablasi kateter)


ablasi retina

ablasi retina (plural ablasi-ablasi retina)


selaput jala mata

selaput jala mata (plural selaput-selaput jala mata)

(ophthalmology) retina: the thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball that contains rods and cones sensitive to light, which trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is formed


selaput jala

selaput jala (plural selaput-selaput jala)

Compound of selaput + jala, calque of Dutch netvlies.


ablasi tiroid

ablasi tiroid (plural ablasi-ablasi tiroid)


aborsi elektif

aborsi elektif (plural aborsi-aborsi elektif)


aborsi medis

aborsi medis (plural aborsi-aborsi medis)


aborsi terapeutik

aborsi terapeutik (plural aborsi-aborsi terapeutik)

therapeutic abortion
therapeutic abortion


abortus habitualis

abortus habitualis (plural abortus-abortus habitualis)

recurrent miscarriage
recurrent miscarriage

recurrent pregnancy loss
recurrent pregnancy loss

(obstetrics) recurrent miscarriage, recurrent pregnancy loss


abortus iminens

abortus iminens (plural abortus-abortus iminens)

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch abortus imminens.


abortus infeksius

id-noun

abortus infeksius (plural abortus-abortus infeksius)

(obstetrics) infected abortion, septic abortion


abortus inkomplet

abortus inkomplet (plural abortus-abortus inkomplet)

incomplete miscarriage
incomplete miscarriage

(obstetrics) incomplete abortion, incomplete miscarriage


abortus komplet

abortus komplet (plural abortus-abortus komplet)

complete miscarriage
complete miscarriage

(obstetrics) complete abortion, complete miscarriage


ketimbir

(pathology) stye (an inflammation of the eyelid)


adaptasi cahaya

adaptasi cahaya (plural adaptasi-adaptasi cahaya)

Compound of adaptasi (“adaptation”) + cahaya (“light”).


hipofisis anterior

id-noun

hipofisis anterior (plural hipofisis-hipofisis anterior)

(anatomy) adenohypophysis, anterior pituitary: the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, producing and secreting several peptide hormones that regulate many physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction


adenoma hati

adenoma hati (plural adenoma-adenoma hati)

hepatocellular adenoma
hepatocellular adenoma


adhesi labial

adhesi labial (plural adhesi-adhesi labial)


adventisia

Borrowed from English adventitia, from Latin adventitius (“extraneous”).


aerofiarologi

(medicine) science about health (immunity) when in the air


aerosol inhalasi

aerosol inhalasi (plural aerosol-aerosol inhalasi)

(pharmacology) aerosol inhalation: inhalation is a drug delivery route for local action on the lungs and for systemic effect which can occur over the short range and long range


aerotitis media

aerotitis media (plural aerotitis-aerotitis media)

(pathology) aerotitis: an acute inflammation of the middle ear caused by the difference in air pressure between the airplane cabin and the middle-ear space


afasia amnesia

afasia amnesia (plural afasia-afasia amnesia)

(neurology, pathology) anomic aphasia, dysnomia, nominal aphasia, or amnesic aphasia: a mild, fluent type of aphasia where individuals have word retrieval failures


afasia anomik

afasia anomik (plural afasia-afasia anomik)


anomik

id-adj

anomik (comparative lebih anomik, superlative paling anomik)

lebih anomik (comparative)
paling anomik (superlative)

(neurology) characterized by or pertaining to anomia (the inability to remember names)


afasia anterior

id-noun

afasia anterior (plural afasia-afasia anterior)

(neurology) anterior aphasia: a type of aphasia that caused by damage to the front part of the brain, often in the Broca area, usually affects speech production and leaves comprehension intact


afasia Broca

afasia Broca (plural afasia-afasia Broca)

(neurology) Broca's aphasia, expressive aphasia: a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language although comprehension generally remains intact


afasia global

afasia global (plural afasia-afasia global)

Compound of afasia (“aphasia”) + global.

(neurology) global aphasia: a severe language disorder that makes it difficult to speak, understand, read, and write by damage to the language areas of the brain


afasia sintaksis

afasia sintaksis (plural afasia-afasia sintaksis)

(neurology, pathology) syntactic aphasia: a language disorder that makes it difficult to form grammatical constructions


afasia traumatik

afasia traumatik (plural afasia-afasia traumatik)

(neurology, pathology) traumatic aphasia: a language disorder that can occur after a traumatic brain injury (TBI)


agalaksia

Internationalism, from New Latin agalactia, from Ancient Greek ἀγαλακτία (agalaktía, “lack of milk”).


agen kontras

(medicine) contrast agent, contrast media, contrast medium, or contrast dye: a substance used to increase the contrast of structures or fluids within the body in medical imaging


abses kutaneus

id-noun

abses kutaneus (plural abses-abses kutaneus)

Compound of abses (“abscess”) + kutaneus (“cutaneous”).

com+

(dermatology, pathology) cutaneous abscess


kutaneus

id-adj

kutaneus (comparative lebih kutaneus, superlative paling kutaneus)

lebih kutaneus (comparative)
paling kutaneus (superlative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin cutaneus, from Latin cutis (“skin”).


abses otak

Compound of abses (“abscess”) + otak (“brain”).


disfungsi ereksi

id-noun

disfungsi ereksi (plural disfungsi-disfungsi ereksi)

erectile dysfunction
erectile dysfunction

(medicine, pathology, colloquial) erectile dysfunction


impotensi

Borrowed from Dutch impotentie, from Latin impotentia.

(medicine, pathology, formal) erectile dysfunction, impotence


ereksi

Borrowed from Dutch erectie (“erection”), from Latin ērēctiō.

bor+

(uncountable, physiology) the physiological process by which erectile tissue, such as a penis or clitoris, becomes erect by being engorged with blood

(uncountable, physiology, of a penis or clitoris) the state or quality of being erect from engorgement with blood


abses paru

Compound of abses (“abscess”) + paru (“lung”).


paru-paru basah

id-noun

paru-paru basah (plural paru-paru-paru-paru basah)

Compound of paru-paru (“lung”) + basah (“wet”).


paru-paru buatan

id-noun

paru-paru buatan (plural paru-paru-paru-paru buatan)

(medicine) artificial lung (AL): an artificial organ that provides oxygenation of blood and removal of carbon dioxide from the blood


abses payudara

abses payudara (plural abses-abses payudara)


abses peritonsil

abses peritonsil (plural abses-abses peritonsil)

peritonsillar abscess
peritonsillar abscess


abses selulitis orbita

abses selulitis orbita (plural abses-abses selulitis orbita)

Compound of abses (“abscess”) + selulitis (“cellulitis”) + orbita.

com+

(dermatology, pathology) a localized pocket of pus (abscess) that forms within the tissues of the eye socket (orbit) as a complication of orbital cellulitis


selulitis

(dermatology, pathology) cellulitis: an inflammation of subcutaneous or connective tissue caused by a bacterial infection


abses serebri

id-noun

abses serebri (plural abses-abses serebri)


abses steril

abses steril (plural abses-abses steril)


toksoplasmosis

(pathology) toxoplasmosis: a disease, caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, that primarily affects felids, but also other mammals including humans.


cikungunya

Internationalism, borrowed from Makonde chikungunya (“that which bends up”).

bor+

Chikungunya virus
Chikungunya virus#Translingual

(medicine, pathology) chikungunya: a viral fever caused by the Chikungunya virus, an alphavirus spread by mosquito bites.


abses submandibula

id-noun

abses submandibula (plural abses-abses submandibula)

submandibular abscess
submandibular abscess


aglutinasi lateks

(medicine) latex agglutination: a laboratory test that uses latex beads to detect the presence of antibodies or antigens in body fluids


agnosia gustatori

agnosia gustatori (plural agnosia-agnosia gustatori)

(pathology) gustatory agnosia: a condition that makes it difficult to recognize tastes, even though the ability to experience them is intact


agnosia olfaktori

agnosia olfaktori (plural agnosia-agnosia olfaktori)

(pathology) olfactory agnosia: the inability to recognize certain smells or types of odors that person previously recognized


olfaktori

id-adj

olfaktori (comparative lebih olfaktori, superlative paling olfaktori)

lebih olfaktori (comparative)
paling olfaktori (superlative)


agnosia taktil

id-noun

agnosia taktil (plural agnosia-agnosia taktil)

(pathology) tactile agnosia: a rare condition that makes it difficult to recognize objects by touch


agrafestesia

(neurology) agraphesthesia: the inability or difficulty recognizing a written number or letter traced on the skin (e.g. of the hand), usually as a consequence of parietal damage


agripnia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀγρυπνία (agrupnía, “sleeplessness, vigilance”).


akantosis

(pathology) acanthosis: a benign abnormal thickening of the stratum spinosum, or prickle cell, layer of the epidermis


akantosis nigrikans

id-noun

akantosis nigrikans (plural akantosis-akantosis nigrikans)

acanthosis nigricans
acanthosis nigricans


akar gigi

(anatomy) tooth root: the part of a tooth that extends below the gum line and into the jawbone


akar punggung

akar punggung (plural akar-akar punggung)

(neuroanatomy) dorsal root: a nerve that carries sensory information from the body to the spinal cord and brain


akar saraf

(neuroanatomy) nerve root: the first part of a nerve that branches out from the central nervous system


akatisia tardif

akatisia tardif (plural akatisia-akatisia tardif)

(neurology, pathology) akathisia that persists after stopping antipsychotic medication, the symptoms experienced by sufferers appear late, but have the potential to persist for months or even years


aklasia

Internationalism, from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not”) + χάλασις (khálasis, “relaxation”).


akondrogenesis

(teratology) achondroplasia: a genetic disorder, the most common form of short limb dwarfism


akrodinia

(pathology) acrodynia: an epidemic disease of the skin characterized by increased sensibility of the soles and palms, with pricking sensations in them and rheumatoid pains in the hands and feet


akromia

(pathology) achromia: absence of pigmentation, especially in the skin or blood


akropaki

(pathology) acropachy: a medical condition characterized by subperiosteal formation of new bone, most commonly manifesting as clubbing of the fingers and toes with soft tissue swelling


akrotisme

Internationalism, from New Latin acrotismus, from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, privative a) + κρότος (krótos, “a rattling, beating”) + -ismus.

(medicine) acrotism: a lack or defect of the pulse


akseptor kontrasepsi

akseptor kontrasepsi (plural akseptor-akseptor kontrasepsi)

(demography, medicine) acceptor: a person who practices one of the methods of family planning


aktinomisetoma

(pathology) actinomycetoma: a chronic bacterial subcutaneous infection caused by actinomyces that affect the skin and connective tissue


aktinoterapi

aktinoterapi (countable and uncountable, plural aktinoterapi-aktinoterapi)


aktivasi komplemen

complement activation
complement activation

(immunology) complement activation: a critical part of the immune system's response to infection, involving a cascade of reactions that lead to the destruction or elimination of pathogens through the activation of the three complement pathways: classical, alternative, and lectin


aktivasi makrofag

macrophage activation
macrophage activation

(immunology) macrophage activation: the process by which macrophages, a type of immune cell, undergo a change in their function and expression, becoming more effective at carrying out their roles in inflammation and infection control


makrofag

(cytology, immunology) macrophage: A white blood cell that phagocytizes necrotic cell debris and foreign material, including viruses, bacteria, and tattoo ink. It presents foreign antigens on MHC II to lymphocytes. Part of the innate immune system


reseptor

Borrowed from Dutch receptor, from English receptor, from Old French receptour or Latin receptōrius, recipiō (“receive”)

(physiology) any specialized cell or structure that responds to sensory stimuli


aktivitas elektrodermal

aktivitas elektrodermal (plural aktivitas-aktivitas elektrodermal)

electrodermal activity
electrodermal activity

galvanic skin response
galvanic skin response

(dermatology, physiology) electrodermal activity (EDA), galvanic skin response (GSR): the changes in the skin's electrical properties due to sympathetic nervous system activity, particularly related to sweat gland activity and emotional arousal


aldosteronisme primer

primary aldosteronism
primary aldosteronism

(pathology) primary aldosteronism, Conn's syndrome, or hyperaldosteronism: a condition where the adrenal glands overproduce the hormone aldosterone, leading to elevated blood pressure and potentially low potassium levels


menguret

head

mêngurèt (basic-imperative-informal kuret, active menguret, passive dikuret)

mêngurèt (canonical)
menguret (active)
dikuret (passive)

(transitive, medicine) to curette, to scrape with a curette


alkalosis hipokalemik

hypokalemic alkalosis
hypokalemic alkalosis

(pathology) hypokalemic alkalosis: a condition characterized by low potassium levels (hypokalemia) and a high blood pH (alkalosis), often arises from excessive loss of hydrogen ions or gain of bicarbonate, leading to an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance


alkalosis hipokloremik

hypochloremic alkalosis
hypochloremic alkalosis

(pathology) hypochloremic alkalosis: a condition characterized by a low level of chloride in the blood (hypochloremia) coupled with an elevated blood pH and bicarbonate levels, often resulting from excessive chloride loss or a gain of bicarbonate, and can be caused by conditions like prolonged vomiting or diuretic use


alkalosis metabolik

(pathology) metabolic alkalosis: a condition characterized by an elevated blood pH (above 7.45) due to a primary increase in serum bicarbonate (HCO3-) concentration, often resulting from alkali accumulation or acid loss


metabolik

id-adj

metabolik (comparative lebih metabolik, superlative paling metabolik)

lebih metabolik (comparative)
paling metabolik (superlative)
metabolis (alternative)

(biochemistry, physiology) metabolic, metabolical


metabolis

metabolis (comparative lebih metabolis, superlative paling metabolis)

lebih metabolis (comparative)
paling metabolis (superlative)
metabolik (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch metabolisch (“metabolic, metabolical”).


alkalosis respiratorik

respiratory alkalosis
respiratory alkalosis

(pathology) respiratory alkalosis: a condition characterized by a low level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood, leading to an increase in blood pH (becoming more alkaline) due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing)


aloanamnesis

(medicine) alloanamnesis: a medical interview conducted by medical personnel with the patient's family/companion


alogotrofia

(medicine) tissue growth that occurs at the expense of nutrients from other tissues


alopesia androgenetik

androgenetic alopecia
androgenetic alopecia

male pattern baldness
male pattern baldness

(dermatology) androgenetic alopecia, male pattern baldness, pattern hair loss: a genetically determined condition characterized by a progressive and patterned loss of hair from the scalp, often resulting in thinning or baldness


alopesia universal

alopecia universalis
alopecia universalis

(medicine, dermatology) alopecia universalis


amaurosis fugaks

id-noun

amaurosis fugaks (plural amaurosis-amaurosis fugaks)

(medicine, surgery) amaurosis fugax; a temporary, painless loss of vision in one or both eyes, often caused by a temporary disruption of blood flow to the retina or optic nerve, potentially indicating underlying vascular problems


ambang ginjal

ambang ginjal (plural ambang-ambang ginjal)

Compound of ambang (“threshold”) + ginjal (“kidney”).

com+

(physiology) renal threshold: the plasma concentration of a substance above which the kidneys begin to excrete it into the urine, meaning the kidneys can no longer fully reabsorb it


amenorea

Via New Latin from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not”) + μήν (mḗn, “month”) + -ροια (-roia, “flowing”).


amenorea atletik

id-noun

amenorea atletik (plural amenorea-amenorea atletik)

(pathology) athletic amenorrhea: a type of secondary amenorrhea, the absence of menstrual periods in female athletes, often due to low energy availability, stress, or high-intensity training


gigi geraham

Compound of gigi (“tooth, teeth”) + geraham (“molar”).


amilemia

(medicine) a state of excess starch in the blood


amiografi

(medicine) amniography: radiography of the amnion (and fetus), normally after injection of a radiopaque substance


amnesia akibat obat

drug-induced amnesia
drug-induced amnesia

(pathology) drug-induced amnesia: impairment or loss of memory due to drug use when certain drugs interfere with the brain's ability to form or retrieve memories


amnesia global sementara

Compound of amnesia + global + sementara.

transient global amnesia
transient global amnesia

(pathology) transient global amnesia (TGA): a sudden, temporary loss of memory, specifically affecting the ability to form new memories (anterograde amnesia) and recall recent events (retrograde amnesia), typically lasting less than 24 hours


amplitudo tremor

(medicine) tremor amplitude, the degree of linear or angular displacement of a limb or body part during a tremor, measured in millimeters or degrees


anafilaksi

(pathology) Alternative spelling of anafilaksis


analgesia terkontrol pasien

Compound of analgesia + terkontrol + pasien, calque of English patient-controlled analgesia.

clq

patient-controlled analgesia
patient-controlled analgesia

(medicine) patient-controlled analgesia: any method of allowing a person in pain to administer their own pain relief. The infusion is programmable by the prescriber


terkontrol

id-adj

terkontrol (comparative lebih terkontrol, superlative paling terkontrol)

lebih terkontrol (comparative)
paling terkontrol (superlative)

(medicine, sciences, research) resulting from a comparison with control samples; including a comparison (control) group. (describing clinical trials)


anemia aplastik

(hematology, pathology) aplastic anemia, aplastic anaemia


anemia defisiensi besi

iron deficiency anemia
iron deficiency anemia

(hematology, pathology) iron deficiency anemia


anemia hemolitik

(hematology, pathology) hemolytic anemia


hemolitik

hemolitik (comparative lebih hemolitik, superlative paling hemolitik)

lebih hemolitik (comparative)
paling hemolitik (superlative)


anemia hemolitik kongenital

Compound of anemia hemolitik + kongenital.

com+

congenital hemolytic anemia
congenital hemolytic anemia

(hematology, pathology) congenital hemolytic anemia (CHA)


anemia hipoplastik

Diamond-Blackfan anemia
Diamond-Blackfan anemia

congenital pure red cell aplasia
congenital pure red cell aplasia

(hematology, pathology) hypoplastic anemia, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, or congenital pure red cell aplasia


anemia megaloblastik

megaloblastic anemia
megaloblastic anemia

(hematology, pathology) megaloblastic anemia


anemia tersembunyi

Compound of anemia + tersembunyi (“hidden”).

latent iron deficiency
latent iron deficiency

iron-deficient erythropoiesis
iron-deficient erythropoiesis

(hematology, pathology) latent iron deficiency (LID), iron-deficient erythropoiesis


anestesia epidural

(medicine) epidural anesthesia: a regional anesthetic technique where medications, typically local anesthetics and/or opioids, are injected into the epidural space (the space around the spinal cord) to block pain signals and provide pain relief during procedures


anestesia inhalasi

inhalation anesthesia
inhalation anesthesia


tulang punggung

id-noun

tulang punggung (plural tulang-tulang punggung)

(anatomy) backbone, spinal column, spine, vertebral column


anestesia umum

(medicine) general anesthesia, general anaesthesia


anestetis

id-adj

anestetis (comparative lebih anestetis, superlative paling anestetis)

lebih anestetis (comparative)
paling anestetis (superlative)
anestetik (alternative)


anestetik lokal

id-noun

anestetik lokal (plural anestetik-anestetik lokal)

(medicine, pharmacology) local anesthetic


aneurisme Charcot-Bouchard

Compound of aneurisme + Charcot-Bouchard.

com+

Charcot–Bouchard aneurysm
Charcot–Bouchard aneurysm


angina mikrovaskular

microvascular angina
microvascular angina

(medicine, pathology) microvascular angina


angina vasospastik

(medicine, pathology) vasospastic angina, also known as Prinzmetal angina or variant angina


angiografi serebral

Compound of angiografi + serebral (“cerebral”).

cerebral angiography
cerebral angiography


angioplasti

Internationalism (see English angioplasty).

(surgery) angioplasty: the mechanical widening of a narrowed or totally obstructed blood vessel generally caused by atheroma


angioplasti koroner

coronary angioplasty
coronary angioplasty

percutaneous coronary intervention
percutaneous coronary intervention

(medicine, cardiology) coronary angioplasty, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)


pembuluh balik

Compound of pembuluh (“vessel”) + balik (“to go back; to flip”).

Coordinate term: pembuluh nadi (“artery”)

(anatomy) vein (a blood vessel transporting blood towards the heart)


angka prevalensi

Compound of angka (“rate”) + prevalensi (“prevalence”).

(epidemiology) prevalence rate, prevalence


anhidraemia

(medicine) anhydremia; decreasing of water levels in the blood


anih

id-adj

anih (comparative lebih anih, superlative paling anih)

lebih anih (comparative)
paling anih (superlative)


anisositosis

id-noun

anisositosis (countable and uncountable, plural anisositosis-anisositosis)


ankilosis

ankilosis (countable and uncountable, plural ankilosis-ankilosis)

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀγκύλωσις (ankúlōsis, “a stiffening of the joints”), ἀγκυλόειν (ankulóein, “to crook, bend”), ἀγκύλος (ankúlos, “bent, crooked”).

lbor

(anatomy) ankylosis (the growing together of bones to form a single unit)

(medicine) ankylosis (the stiffening of a joint as the result of such abnormal fusion)


anodonsia

(dentistry, pathology, teratology) anodontia


anoftalmus

(ophthalmology, pathology, teratology) anophthalmia


anomali Ebstein

(cardiology, pathology, teratology) Ebstein anomaly


anorektal

id-adj

anorektal (comparative lebih anorektal, superlative paling anorektal)

lebih anorektal (comparative)
paling anorektal (superlative)


anorkisme

vanishing testes syndrome
vanishing testes syndrome

(pathology) anorchia, anorchidism, anorchism, vanishing testes syndrome


anovulasi

(obstetrics, gynaecology, pathology) anovulation


antibodi maternal

id-noun

antibodi maternal (plural antibodi-antibodi maternal)

(immunology, obstetrics) maternal antibody


antidepresan atipikal

antidepresan atipikal (plural antidepresan-antidepresan atipikal)

atypical antidepressant
atypical antidepressant

(neurology, pharmacology, psychiatry) atypical antidepressant


antifertilitas

Internationalism, Affixation of fertilitas + anti-.


antigen eksogen

antigen eksogen (plural antigen-antigen eksogen)


antilipidemik

(pharmacology) an antilipidemic substance


antireumatisme

id-adj

antireumatisme (comparative lebih antireumatisme, superlative paling antireumatisme)

lebih antireumatisme (comparative)
paling antireumatisme (superlative)


aplasia uterus

(pathology) uterine aplasia, Müllerian aplasia, or Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome


apraksia bukofasial

(neurology, pathology) buccofacial apraxia, oral apraxia, or nonverbal apraxia


apraksia ideasional

(neurology, pathology) ideational apraxia


apraksia ideomotor

(neurology, pathology) ideomotor apraxia


apraksia konseptual

(neurology, pathology) conceptual apraxia


apraksia konstruksional

constructional apraxia
constructional apraxia

(neurology, pathology) constructional apraxia


apraksia okulomotor

(neurology, pathology) oculomotor apraxia (OMA), Cogan's ocular motor apraxia


apraksia tungkai kinetik

Compound of apraksia + tungkai + kinetik.

com+

limb-kinetic apraxia
limb-kinetic apraxia

(neurology, pathology) limb-kinetic apraxia


apus darah tepi

peripheral blood smear
peripheral blood smear


darah tepi

Compound of darah (“blood”) + tepi (“peripheral”).

(hematology) peripheral blood: the blood circulating throughout the body's vascular system, excluding blood concentrated within specific organs


araknitis

(neurology, pathology) arachnitis, arachnoiditis


argirofilik

id-adj

argirofilik (comparative lebih argirofilik, superlative paling argirofilik)

lebih argirofilik (comparative)
paling argirofilik (superlative)


arkus juvenilis

(ophthalmology, pathology) arcus juvenilis


arkus kornea

(ophthalmology, pathology) corneal arcus, arcus senilis


arteritis Takayasu

Takayasu's arteritis
Takayasu's arteritis

(pathology) Takayasu's arteritis, pulseless disease


asam homogentisat

(organic chemistry, pathology) homogentisic acid, alcapton, alkapton, melanic acid, 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid


asfiksia

Internationalism, learned borrowing from New Latin asphyxia, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀσφυξία (asphuxía, “stopping of the pulse”).

der

loss of consciousness due to the interruption of breathing and consequent anoxia.

loss of consciousness due to the body's inability to deliver oxygen to its tissues, either by the breathing of air lacking oxygen or by the inability of the blood to carry oxygen.

A condition in which an extreme decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the body leads to loss of consciousness or death. Replaced in the mid-20th century by the more specific terms anoxia, hypoxia, hypoxemia and hypercapnia.


asidosis respiratorik

respiratory acidosis
respiratory acidosis


asimtomatik

id-adj

asimtomatik (comparative lebih asimtomatik, superlative paling asimtomatik)

lebih asimtomatik (comparative)
paling asimtomatik (superlative)

Internationalism, borrowed from English asymptomatic.

(medicine) asymptomatic, nonsymptomatic, symptomless


ataksia Friedreich

Named after the German physician Nikolaus Friedreich, who first described it in the 1860s.

(neurology, pathology) Friedreich's ataxia


ataksia idiopatik

(neurology, pathology) idiopathic ataxia: a type of ataxia (a neurological disorder affecting coordination and balance) where the underlying cause or reason for the symptoms is unknown or not identifiable


idiopatik

idiopatik (comparative lebih idiopatik, superlative paling idiopatik)

lebih idiopatik (comparative)
paling idiopatik (superlative)


ataksia sensorik

(neurology, pathology) sensory ataxia: a neurological condition characterized by impaired coordination and balance due to disruptions in sensory feedback, particularly from proprioceptive pathways, leading to a worsening of symptoms when visual input is removed


ataksia serebelum

(neurology, pathology) cerebellar ataxia: a neurological condition characterized by a loss of coordination and balance due to dysfunction of the cerebellum, the part of the brain that coordinates voluntary movements


ataksia vestibular

(neurology, pathology) vestibular ataxia: a type of ataxia, a neurological condition characterized by a lack of coordination and balance, that specifically arises from dysfunction or damage to the vestibular system, which plays a crucial role in balance and spatial orientation


atresia biliari

(pathology) biliary atresia: a rare condition in infants where the bile ducts outside and inside the liver are scarred and blocked, preventing bile from flowing into the small intestine, leading to bile buildup and liver damage


atresia esofagus

(pathology) esophageal atresia: a rare birth defect where the esophagus (the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach) doesn't fully form, resulting in two separate segments that don't connect, often accompanied by a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)


atresia vaginal

(anatomy, pathology) vaginal atresia: a rare congenital condition where the vaginal canal is either partially or completely absent, blocked, or closed, potentially leading to difficulties with menstruation, sexual intercourse, and fertility


audit klinis

(medicine) clinical audit: a quality improvement process that involves systematically reviewing healthcare practices against established standards to identify areas for improvement and implement changes to enhance patient care and outcomes


autoanamnesis

(medicine) a direct interview conducted by a healthcare professional with the patient to gather information about their medical history, health status, and current concerns


autoantibodi

Internationalism, borrowed from English autoantibody.

(immunology) autoantibody: an antibody formed in response to an agent (autoantigen) produced by the organism itself


autoinfeksi

(pathology) autoinfection: reinfection by a pathogen that is already present in the body, or infection caused by the transfer of a pathogen from one part of the body to another


autopagnosia

(neurology, pathology) autotopagnosia: a neurological condition characterized by the inability to recognize, localize, or identify specific parts of one's own body


avaskular

avaskular (comparative lebih avaskular, superlative paling avaskular)

lebih avaskular (comparative)
paling avaskular (superlative)
avaskuler (alternative)


awadara

awadara (comparative lebih awadara, superlative paling awadara)

lebih awadara (comparative)
paling awadara (superlative)

(gynaecology, neologism) related to no hymenal


awitan persalinan

Compound of awitan (“onset”) + persalinan.

com+

(obstetrics) onset of parturition, onset of labor: a complex process triggered by multiple factors, including hormonal changes, fetal maturation, and potentially inflammatory reactions, resulting in uterine contractions that lead to childbirth


mamilari

id-adj

mamilari (comparative lebih mamilari, superlative paling mamilari)

lebih mamilari (comparative)
paling mamilari (superlative)


badan pankreas

(anatomy) the middle part of the pancreas which has endocrine glands, exocrine glands, and the islets of Langerhans which produce insulin in the small intestine


badan sel

Compound of badan (“body”) + sel (“cell”).

com+

(cytology) soma: the bulbous part of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus


bahan kelabu

Compound of bahan (“matter”) + kelabu (“grey, gray”).


bahu beku

Compound of bahu (“shoulder”) + beku (“frozen”).

(pathology) frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis


baju jaga

(healthcare, medicine) clothing worn while performing surgery.

scrub:
clothing worn while performing surgery.

(healthcare, medicine) any medical uniform consisting of a short-sleeved shirt and pants (trousers).


bakat penyakit

id-noun

bakat penyakit (plural bakat-bakat penyakit)

(pathology) prodrome: an early sign or symptom (or set of signs and symptoms) warning of the onset of a disease


balismus

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βαλλισμός (ballismós, “jumping about”).

lbor

(medicine) ballism, ballismus: a condition characterised by violent involuntary rapid and irregular movements


balneoterapi

(medicine) balneotherapy: the treatment of disease by bathing


bariglosia

(neurology, pathology) unclear speech due to tongue or nerve disorders


barilalia

(medicine) barylalia: a husky or heavy speech disorder resulting from imperfect articulation due to a central nervous system disorder.


barium enema

(medicine) barium enema: a radiographic (X-ray) examination of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract, specifically the large intestine (colon and rectum), using a liquid suspension of barium sulfate to make the colon visible on X-ray film


lavemen

Borrowed from Dutch lavement, from French lavement.


klisma

Borrowed from Dutch klysma, from Ancient Greek κλύσμα (klúsma, “enema”).


barium telan

(medicine) barium swallow, barium esophagogram or barium esophagram: a contrast-enhanced radiographic study commonly used to assess pharynx, esophagus, and proximal stomach


baroreseptor

(physiology) baroreceptor, baroceptor, pressoreceptor


barotaksis

(biology, biochemistry, cytology) barotaxis


basofil

(cytology, hematology, immunology) basophil


batu ginjal

(surgery) kidney stone, kidney gravel, nephrolith, renal calculus


batu kandung kemih

id-noun

batu kandung kemih (plural batu-batu kandung kemih)

(surgery) bladder stone, bladder calculi


batuk kenel

(pathology) canine infectious respiratory disease


bayi bungkus

(obstetrics) a baby born in an amniotic sac


bayi prematur

bayi prematur (plural bayi-bayi prematur)

(obstetrics) premature baby, preemie, pretermer


BBLTR

berat badan lahir teramat rendah#Indonesian

(medicine) Initialism of berat badan lahir teramat rendah (“extremely low birth weight”).


bedah bariatrik

(surgery) bariatric surgery: surgical procedures performed on the stomach or intestines to induce weight loss


bedah digestif

digestive system surgery
digestive system surgery

gastrointestinal surgery
gastrointestinal surgery

(surgery) digestive surgery, digestive system surgery, gastrointestinal surgery: surgical procedures on the organs and structures of the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, intestines, and related structures, to treat various conditions


bedah epilepsi

(surgery) epilepsy surgery: a type of neurosurgery, aims to reduce or eliminate seizures in individuals with epilepsy, often by removing or disconnecting brain areas responsible for seizures


bedah jantung

cardiovascular surgery
cardiovascular surgery

(surgery) cardiac surgery, heart surgery, cardiovascular surgery: a specialized surgical procedure performed on the heart or its surrounding blood vessels to treat various heart conditions, aiming to improve heart function and alleviate symptoms


bedah kardiotoraks

cardiothoracic surgery
cardiothoracic surgery

(surgery) cardiothoracic surgery: a surgical specialty focused on the treatment of diseases and conditions affecting organs within the chest, primarily the heart, lungs, and esophagus


bedah kosmetik

(surgery) cosmetic surgery, aesthetic surgery: invasive medical procedures aimed at improving or changing a person's physical appearance for aesthetic reasons, rather than addressing medical conditions


bedah mayat anatomis

bedah mayat anatomis (plural bedah-bedah mayat anatomis)

(medicine) anatomical autopsy, academic autopsy: autopsy are performed by students of anatomy for study purposes only


bedah mayat klinis

pathological autopsy
pathological autopsy

hospital-based autopsy
hospital-based autopsy

(medicine) clinical autopsy, pathological autopsy, or hospital-based autopsy: a post-mortem examination performed by a pathologist to investigate the cause and nature of death in cases of natural death, with the consent of the deceased's family, to gain insight into disease processes and confirm or refine diagnoses


bedah mayor

(surgery) major surgery: complex, invasive procedures that involve opening major body cavities (abdomen, chest, skull), affecting vital organs, and requiring general anesthesia and a hospital stay for recovery, with a higher risk of complications than minor surgeries


bedah mikrobiologi

(surgery, rare) surgery for the body's smallest organs such as blood vessels


bedah minor

(surgery) minor surgery: a surgical procedure that is minimally invasive, low-risk, and typically performed on an outpatient basis with minimal complications and a quick recovery


bedah mulut

(surgery) oral surgery: a branch of dentistry and surgery that deals with the diagnosis and surgical treatment of diseases, injuries, and defects of the mouth, jaws, and face, often involving procedures like tooth extraction, implants, and jaw reconstruction


bedah onkologi

(surgery) surgical oncology: a medical subspecialty that uses surgery to diagnose, stage, treat, and manage cancer or precancerous conditions, often as part of a comprehensive cancer treatment plan


bedah ortognatik

(surgery) surgery performed to correct an abnormal jaw bone position


bedah paliatif

(surgery) palliative surgery: a surgical intervention primarily focused on relieving symptoms and improving quality of life for patients with advanced, incurable diseases, rather than curing the underlying condition or prolonging life


paliatif

id-adj

paliatif (comparative lebih paliatif, superlative paling paliatif)

lebih paliatif (comparative)
paling paliatif (superlative)

Borrowed from Dutch palliatief, from English palliative, from Middle French palliatif, from New Latin *palliātīvus, from Medieval Latin palliō (“to cloak”), from Latin pallium (“a cloak”).

(medicine) palliative: minimising the progression of a disease and relieving undesirable symptoms for as long as possible, rather than attempting to cure the (usually incurable) disease


paliatif

(medicine) palliative: something that palliates, particularly a palliative medicine


laparotomi

(surgery) laparotomy, celiotomy, coeliotomy: the surgical procedure for making an incision in the abdominal wall to gain access into the abdominal cavity. Performed either as exploratory surgery, or as the first step in an abdominal operation


bedah plastik

(surgery) plastic surgery: the process of reconstructing or repairing parts of the body by the transfer of tissue, either in the treatment of injury or for cosmetic reasons


bedah profilaksis

prophylactic surgery
prophylactic surgery

risk-reducing surgery
risk-reducing surgery

(surgery) prophylactic surgery, preventive surgery, risk-reducing surgery: removing organs or tissues that are at high risk of developing cancer before cancer develops, aiming to minimize or eliminate the risk


profilaksis

profilaksis (comparative lebih profilaksis, superlative paling profilaksis)

lebih profilaksis (comparative)
paling profilaksis (superlative)

Borrowed from Dutch prophylactisch (“prophylactic”), from Latin, from Ancient Greek πρό (pró, “before”) + φύλαξις (phúlaxis, “a watching, guarding”).

bor+

(medicine) prophylactic: Serving to prevent or protect against an undesired effect, especially disease or pregnancy


profilaksis

a medicine which preserves or defends against disease; a preventive.

(figuratively) any device or mechanism intended to prevent harmful consequences.


bedah refraktif

(ophthalmology) refractive surgery: a type of eye surgery that aims to correct vision problems caused by refractive errors, such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism, by reshaping the cornea or replacing the eye's natural lens


bedah tulang

(surgery) orthopaedic surgery: a medical specialty focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons


bedah vaskular

(surgery) vascular surgery: a surgical specialty focused on diagnosing and managing diseases of the arterial, venous, and lymphatic systems, excluding those within the heart and brain


benang bedah

id-noun

benang bedah (plural benang-benang bedah)

(surgery) surgical suture, stitch: a medical device, typically a thread, used to approximate (hold together) and/or ligate (tie off) body tissues after injury or surgery, employing a needle to sew or stitch the wound closed


berat badan lahir rendah

(obstetrics) low birth weight: birth weight of an infant of 2,499 g (5 lb 8.1 oz) or less, regardless of gestational age


berat badan lahir

(obstetrics) birth weight: the weight of a baby at birth


berat badan lahir sangat rendah

berat badan lahir sangat rendah (uncountable)

Compound of berat badan lahir + sangat rendah.

com+

(obstetrics) very low birth weight: birth weight of an infant of 1,500 g (3 lb 5 oz) or less, regardless of gestational age


BBLSR

berat badan lahir sangat rendah#Indonesian

(obstetrics) initialism of berat badan lahir sangat rendah (“very low birth weight”).


berat badan lahir teramat rendah

id-noun

berat badan lahir teramat rendah (uncountable)

Compound of berat badan lahir + teramat rendah.

com+

(obstetrics) extremely low birth weight: birth weight of an infant of 1,000 g (2 lb 3 oz) or less, regardless of gestational age


berkeloid

(dermatology, pathology) to keloid, to form a keloid


bibir kemaluan

id-noun

bibir kemaluan (plural bibir-bibir kemaluan)

(anatomy) labia: the folds of tissue of the vulva, at either side of the vagina


bibir vagina

bibir vagina (plural bibir-bibir vagina)


bidai improvisasi

bidai improvisasi (plural bidai-bidai improvisasi)

(surgery, emergency medicine, traumatology) improvised splint: a makeshift device used to immobilize and support an injured body part, created using readily available materials in the absence of a medical-grade splint


bidai tulang kering

bidai tulang kering (plural bidai-bidai tulang kering)

(surgery) shin splint: acute pain in the shin and lower leg caused by prolonged running, typically on hard surfaces


tulang kering

tulang kering (plural tulang-tulang kering)

(anatomy) shin, shinbone: the front part of the leg below the knee; the front edge of the shin bone


bilik jantung

bilik jantung (plural bilik-bilik jantung)

→ Malay: bilik jantung

Compound of bilik (“chamber, room”) + jantung (“heart”), possibly a calque from Japanese 心室(しんしつ) (shinshitsu).

com+

(anatomy) ventricle: one of two lower chambers of the heart


bioakumulasi

Internationalism, from Dutch bioaccumulatie.


biogenesis mitokondria

mitochondrial biogenesis
mitochondrial biogenesis

(cytology) mitochondrial biogenesis: the process by which cells generate new mitochondria, increasing their number and mass to meet the cell's energy demands, involving coordinated expression of proteins encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA


bising usus

(medicine, physiology) bowel sound, borborygmus: the noises produced by the movement of fluids and gas within the intestines during digestion, often described as rumbling, gurgling, or clicking sounds


bisitopenia

(hematology) bicytopenia: the reduction of counts in any two of the three blood cell lines: red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), or platelets (thrombocytes)


bradikardi

Borrowed from Dutch bradycardie, from French bradycardie, from Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús, “slow”) + καρδία (kardía, “heart”).


bradikardia janin

(obstetrics) fetal bradycardia: a type of fetal arrhythmia, is defined as a sustained fetal heart rate (FHR) below 110 beats per minute (bpm)


bradikusia

(surgery) bradyacusia: The condition of having slow hearing


brakhialis

id-adj

brakhialis (comparative lebih brakhialis, superlative paling brakhialis)

lebih brakhialis (comparative)
paling brakhialis (superlative)


brakiterapi

(medicine) brachytherapy: radiotherapy using radioactive sources positioned within (or close to) the treatment volume, typically with radiopharmaceuticals as opposed to external-beam sources


bronkiolitis

(pathology) bronchiolitis: Inflammation of the bronchioles; especially common in young children


bronkitis akut

(pulmonology, pathology) acute bronchitis: a short-term inflammation of the bronchi, the airways leading to your lungs, often caused by a viral infection, resulting in a cough that may produce mucus


bronkitis kronis

(pulmonology, pathology) chronic bronchitis: a long-term inflammatory condition of the airways, characterized by a persistent productive cough (cough that produces mucus) lasting at least three months per year for two consecutive years


bronkoesofagologi

(pathology) bronchoesophagology: a medical specialty focused on the treatment of airway and swallowing disorders, encompassing the esophagus, larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages


bronkokonstriksi

(physiology) bronchoconstriction: the narrowing or constriction of the airways in the lungs due to the tightening of the smooth muscle surrounding the bronchi and bronchioles, leading to difficulty breathing, coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath


bronkopneumonia

(pulmonology, pathology) bronchopneumonia (a bacterial infection of the lungs, characteristically showing numerous small foci of infection)


bronkoskop

(medicine) bronchoscope: a form of endoscope for inspecting the bronchial tubes


bronkoskopi

(medicine) bronchoscopy: a technique for viewing the bronchi using a flexible instrument called a bronchoscope


bruksisme

Borrowed from Dutch bruxisme, from French bruxisme.

(dentistry) bruxism: the habit or practice of grinding the teeth, as while sleeping, or due to stress or certain drugs


BTKV

(surgery) Initialism of bedah toraks kardiovaskuler (“cardiothoracic surgery”, literally “cardiovascular thoracic surgery”).


bursitis prepatelar

prepatellar bursitis
prepatellar bursitis

(surgery) prepatellar bursitis, housemaid's knee: inflammation of the bursa (a fluid-filled sac) located in front of the kneecap (patella), often caused by repetitive kneeling or direct trauma, and can be identified by swelling and pain at the front of the knee


cacar minor

(pathology) smallpox: a highly contagious, potentially fatal disease caused by the variola virus, characterized by fever and a distinctive skin rash


cairan sinovial

(anatomy, physiology) synovial fluid: A transparent, viscous, non-Newtonian lubricating fluid which is found in the cavities of synovial joints or bursae and secreted by the synovial membrane; its main purpose is to reduce friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement


cairan vitreus

id-noun

cairan vitreus (plural cairan-cairan vitreus)

(anatomy, ophthalmology) vitreous humour, vitreous humor


cangkok ginjal

cangkok ginjal (plural cangkok-cangkok ginjal)

(surgery) kidney transplant: a surgical procedure where a healthy kidney from a donor is implanted into a patient with end-stage renal disease or chronic kidney failure to replace their failing kidneys


cangkok

Borrowed from Javanese ꦕꦁꦏꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (cangkok, “outer shell; tray of a balance scale; landowner; basic, fundamental, original”).


cangkok jantung

(surgery) heart transplant: a surgical procedure where a diseased or failing heart is replaced with a healthy donor heart


cangkok kornea

(ophthalmology) corneal transplant, keratoplasty: a surgical procedure that replaces a damaged or diseased cornea with a healthy one from a donor, aiming to restore or improve vision


cangkok kulit

(surgery) skin graft: a surgical operation in which a piece of healthy skin is transplanted to a new site on the body


cangkok lemak

(surgery) fat transfer, fat grafting, or lipofilling: a surgical procedure where fat tissue is harvested from one area of the body and transferred to another to restore volume, improve contours, or smooth out wrinkles


cangkok rambut

(dermatology) hair transplant: a surgical procedure that moves hair from a donor area (typically the back or sides of the head) to a bald or thinning area of the scalp, effectively restoring hair growth


cangkok sumsum tulang

bone marrow transplant
bone marrow transplant

stem cell transplant
stem cell transplant

(surgery) bone marrow transplant, stem cell transplant: a procedure that replaces damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells, which then produce healthy blood cells


cedera ACL

(surgery, pathology) ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) injury: a tear or sprain of the anterior cruciate ligament, a key ligament in the knee that connects the thigh bone (femur) to the shinbone (tibia)


cedera oksidatif

(pathology) oxidative stress: an imbalance in the body where there are too many free radicals, or reactive oxygen species (ROS), and not enough antioxidants to neutralize them, leading to potential cell and tissue damage


cek darah

(medicine, hematology) a series of examinations using blood samples taken from blood vessels in certain parts of the body or by pricking a finger with a special tool


cermin telinga

(surgery) ear mirror: a concave mirror used by doctors, particularly ENT specialists, to examine the inside of the ear


cincin Kayser-Fleischer

Kayser-Fleischer ring
Kayser-Fleischer ring

(medicine, ophthalmology) Kayser-Fleischer ring: dark, often brown or greenish-brown, rings that appear around the edge of the cornea (the clear front part of the eye) due to copper deposits in the Descemet's membrane, and are a sign of Wilson's disease or other liver conditions


cuci darah

(medicine) dialysis: use of this method for removal of waste products from the blood in the case of kidney failure: hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis


curah jantung

Compound of curah + jantung, probably calque of Dutch hartdebiet (“cardiac output”).

clq

(cardiology, physiology) cardiac output: the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle of the heart per unit time, typically per minute


dakriosit

(hematology, cytology) dacrocyte, dacryocyte


darah manis

(dermatology) prurigo: a papular disease of the skin, with intense itching as the main symptom


daya refraksi

(ophthalmology) refractive power: The degree to which a lens, mirror or other optical system converges or diverges light, equal to the reciprocal of the focal length of the device


degenerasi Wallerian

Wallerian degeneration
Wallerian degeneration

(pathology) Wallerian degeneration: the process of nerve fiber degeneration that occurs after an axon is severed or damaged, leading to the disintegration of the axon and its myelin sheath distal to the injury site


dekapitasi

Borrowed from Dutch decapitatie, from French décapitation, from Latin decapitatio.

(medicine) beheading; the act of beheading or decapitating.


dekondisi

(medicine) the decline in function of the body as a result of physical inactivity and/or bedrest or an extremely sedentary lifestyle.


dekortikasi

(surgery) decortication: the removal of the outer layer or cortex from a structure, especially the lung, brain, or other organ


demam gigitan tikus

(pathology) rat-bite fever: fever caused by bacterial infection transmitted through direct or indirect contact with rats or other rodents


demam intermeten

(medicine) intermittent fever: fever characterized by periods of elevated body temperature that alternate with periods of normal temperature, often occurring in a cyclic pattern


demam kelenjar

Compound of demam + kelenjar, from calque of Dutch klierkoorts.

(pathology) glandular fever, mononucleosis


mononukleosis

(hematology) abnormal increase in mononuclear white blood cells in the blood


demam konstan

(medicine) continuous fever, sustained fever: a pattern of fever where the body temperature stays elevated and doesn't fluctuate significantly (less than 1°C or 1.5°F) during a 24-hour period


demam nifas

(obstetrics) puerperal fever: fever that lasts for more than 24 hours within the first 10 days after a woman has had a baby


nifas

Borrowed from Arabic نِفَاس (nifās, “childbirth; puerperium, childbed”).

bor+

(obstetrics) puerperium: the period of time lasting around a month immediately following childbirth, when the mother’s uterus shrinks back to its prepartum state


demam paratifoid

(pathology) paratyphoid, paratyphoid fever


demam persisten

(medicine) persistent fever: typically defined as fevers lasting more than 10 to 14 days


demam relap

(medicine) relapsing fever: a recurring febrile disease, often transmitted by ticks or lice, characterized by repeated episodes of fever separated by periods of apparent recovery, caused by spirochetes of the Borrelia genus


relap

Borrowed from English relapse, from Latin relapsus, past participle of relabi (“to slide back, fall back”).

(medicine) an occasion when a person becomes ill again after a period of improvement.


demam remiten

(medicine) remittent fever: a type of fever characterized by temperature fluctuations above normal throughout the day, but never falling back to a normal baseline


demam reumatik

(pathology, rheumatology) rheumatic fever


demam septik

(medicine) septic fever: Fever variation between the highest and lowest temperatures is very large and more than 5°C when remittent or intermittent fever shows large variation between the peak and nadir


demam skarlatina

(pathology) scarlet fever, scarlatina: a bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, the same bacteria that causes strep throat, and characterized by a distinctive red rash, sore throat, and fever


demensia vaskular

vascular dementia
vascular dementia#English

(pathology, neurology) vascular dementia: dementia caused by problems in the blood supply to the brain, resulting from a cerebrovascular disease


demielinasi

(medicine, neurology, pathology) demyelination


demineralisasi gigi

tooth demineralization
tooth demineralization

(dentistry, pathology) tooth demineralization: the process where minerals, primarily calcium and phosphate, are lost from the tooth enamel due to acidic attacks, weakening the enamel and making it more susceptible to tooth decay and cavities


demineralisasi

(pathology) the loss of minerals, especially those of calcium, from bone.


densitas mineral tulang

Compound of densitas + mineral + tulang.

bone mineral density
bone mineral density#English

(physiology) bone mineral density (BMD), bone density (BD): the amount of mineral content, primarily calcium and phosphorus, within a specific volume of bone, indicating bone strength and density


densitometri tulang

dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

(medicine) bone densitometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA): a medical imaging technique that uses low-dose X-rays to measure bone density and assess bone health, primarily to diagnose osteoporosis and predict fracture risk


dentasol

(dentistry) drugs used to treat problems with the gums and mouth, such as inflammation or infection


dentikel

Borrowed from English denticle, from Latin denticulus.


depilasi

Internationalism, borrowed from English depilation.

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering

(dermatology, mechanical engineering) depilation


deplesi garam

(pathology) salt depletion: a condition where the body's sodium levels are abnormally low, often due to excessive loss of sodium-containing fluids through vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating, leading to an imbalance in electrolytes


dermabrasi

(dermatology) dermabrasion: A cosmetic medical procedure in which the surface of the epidermis of the skin is removed by abrasion, typically to remove scarring or sun-damaged skin


dermatitis atopik

(dermatology) atopic dermatitis: a chronic skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin, often appearing as red, scaly, and itchy patches


dermatitis eksfoliatif

exfoliative dermatitis
exfoliative dermatitis

(dermatology, pathology) exfoliative dermatitis, erythroderma: a severe skin condition characterized by widespread redness and scaling affecting more than 90% of the body surface, often triggered by underlying skin conditions, drug reactions, or other ailments


eksfoliasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch exfoliatie, from Latin exfoliare (literally “to remove leaves”).

der

(anatomy) the scaling off of a bone, a rock, or a mineral, etc.; the state of being exfoliated.


dermatitis intertriginosa

Compound of dermatitis + intertriginosa.

(dermatology, pathology) intertrigo, skin fold dermatitis, intertriginous dermatitis: a type of inflammatory rash of the superficial skin that occurs within a person's body folds


dermatitis kontak

(dermatology, pathology) contact dermatitis: a skin inflammation or rash triggered by direct contact with a substance, either an irritant that directly damages the skin or an allergen that causes an immune response


dermatitis numularis

(dermatology, pathology) nummular dermatitis, nummular eczema, or discoid eczema: a chronic skin condition characterized by itchy, coin-shaped or circular patches of inflammation and redness, often appearing on the legs and arms


dermatitis perioral

(dermatology, pathology) perioral dermatitis: a common, inflammatory skin condition characterized by a rash, typically appearing as small, red, inflamed bumps or papules around the mouth, nose, and sometimes the eyes


dermatitis seboroik

seborrheic dermatitis
seborrheic dermatitis

(dermatology, pathology) seborrheic dermatitis: a common skin condition characterized by inflamed, scaly patches, and dandruff, particularly in areas with high sebaceous gland activity like the scalp, face, and chest


dermatitis statis

gravitational dermatitis
gravitational dermatitis

(dermatology, pathology) stasis dermatitis, venous eczema, or gravitational dermatitis: a skin condition caused by poor circulation in the lower legs, leading to fluid buildup and skin changes like inflammation, itching, and discoloration


desidua

(anatomy, obstetrics) decidua: a mucous membrane that lines the uterus and is shed during menstruation and modified during pregnancy


deviasi searah

unilateral deviation
unilateral deviation

(ophthalmology, pathology) unilateral deviation: a misalignment of the eyes where one eye consistently deviates from the normal position, while the other eye remains aligned


deviasi sekat

id-noun

deviasi sekat (plural deviasi-deviasi sekat)

nasal septum deviation
nasal septum deviation

(surgery) nasal septum deviation: sideways displacement of the wall between the nostrils


diabetes gestasional

gestational diabetes
gestational diabetes#English

(endocrinology, obstetrics) gestational diabetes: a condition characterized by an elevated level of glucose in the blood during pregnancy, typically resolving after the birth


diabetes melitus

(pathology) diabetes mellitus, a medical disorder characterized by varying or persistent hyperglycemia


diabetes tipe 2

(endocrinology, pathology) type 2 diabetes: a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels, resulting from the body's inability to use insulin effectively, and/or not producing enough insulin


diaforetik

Borrowed from English diaphoretic, from Latin diaphorēticus, from Ancient Greek διαφορητικός (diaphorētikós).

der

διαφορητικός

(pharmacology) diaphoretic: a product or agent which induces or promotes perspiration


diagnosis kerja

id-noun

diagnosis kerja (plural diagnosis-diagnosis kerja)

(medicine) working diagnosis: a preliminary or tentative diagnosis, a leading contender among potential diagnoses, that is used to guide initial treatment or further investigation until a more definitive diagnosis can be established


dialisis peritoneal

(nephrology) peritoneal dialysis: a treatment for kidney failure that uses the lining of your abdomen (the peritoneum) as a natural filter to remove waste and excess fluid from your blood


diare akut

(medicine, pathology) acute diarrhea: the sudden onset of three or more loose or watery stools per day lasting less than 14 days


diare kronis

(medicine, pathology) chronic diarrhea: loose or watery stools that occur three or more times within 24 hours and last for 4 or more weeks


diare persisten

(medicine, pathology) persistent diarrhea: diarrhea lasting longer than 14 days (2 weeks)


diaskhisis

Internationalism, borrowed from English diaschisis.


difalia

(medicine, urology) difalia: a rare medical condition in which a male infant is born with two penises


difteri kutaneus

cutaneous diphtheria
cutaneous diphtheria

(medicine) cutaneous diphtheria: a form of diphtheria infection characterized by skin lesions, sores, or blisters, typically caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae


dikromasi

(ophthalmology, pathology) dichromatism: a form of colourblindness in which only two of the three primary colours can be distinguished


diservikasi

(gynaecology, pathology) changes or abnormalities in the function or structure of the cervix, caused by various factors, such as infection, inflammation, or abnormal growth


dishidria

(dermatology, pathology) abnormal sweat production, can be excessive or insufficient


dishidrosis

(medicine, pathology) dyshidrosis, dyshidrotic eczema, or pompholyx


radiologis

id-adj

radiologis (comparative lebih radiologis, superlative paling radiologis)

lebih radiologis (comparative)
paling radiologis (superlative)

Borrowed from Dutch radiologisch (“radiologic”).


dislokasi

Borrowed from Dutch dislocatie, from Medieval Latin dislocātiō, delocatio.

sistem peringatan dini dislokasi ekonomi

(medicine: surgery) the act of dislocating, or putting out of joint; also, the condition of being thus displaced.


dislokasi bahu

shoulder dislocation
shoulder dislocation

(medicine: surgery) shoulder dislocation, glenohumeral joint dislocation: separation of the humerus from the glenoid of the scapula at the glenohumeral joint


dislokasi lensa

(medicine: ophthalmology) lens dislocation, ectopia lentis: the lens in eye being moved out of its usual alignment in the center of your eye


dismenorea primer

Internationalism, compound of dismenorea + primer.

primary dysmenorrhea
primary dysmenorrhea

(medicine: gynaecology) primary dysmenorrhea: painful menstruation (cramps) that occurs in the absence of any underlying pelvic or gynecological disease, usually starting within the first few years after menarche.


dismenorea sekunder

Internationalism, compound of dismenorea + sekunder.

secondary dysmenorrhea
secondary dysmenorrhea

(medicine: gynaecology) secondary dysmenorrhea: painful menstruation caused by an underlying medical condition or structural abnormality within the reproductive organs.


disolventia

Learned borrowing from Latin dissolventia, dissolvēns (“unloosing”).


disorientasi

(medicine: neurology) a state of confusion with regard to time, place or identity.


dispepsia organik

(medicine) organic dyspepsia: indigestion or upset stomach symptoms (like pain, discomfort, fullness, or bloating in the upper abdomen) that are caused by an underlying, identifiable disease or condition, such as a peptic ulcer or gastroesophageal reflux disease.


dispepsia fungsional

functional dyspepsia
functional dyspepsia

(medicine) functional dyspepsia, non-ulcer dyspepsia: a chronic condition characterized by recurring indigestion or stomach pain without any clear underlying structural or organic cause.


displasia kortikal

(pathology) cortical dysplasia: a congenital brain malformation, refers to abnormal development of the cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, leading to disorganized cell structure and often causing epilepsy.


dispraksia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δυσπραξίᾱ (duspraxíā, “ill success, ill luck”), after the pattern of apraxia.

(neurology) dyspraxia: a genetic neurological disorder where a person has motor skills severely below average due to their brain's inability to consistently send messages accurately to the body during the planning and execution of motor movements.


distikiasis

(ophtahlmology, pathology) distichiasis: a condition characterized by extra eyelashes growing from the meibomian glands along the posterior lamella of the eyelid margin, which can cause irritation and, in severe cases, corneal damage.


distokia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δυστοκία (dustokía, “difficult childbirth”), from δυσ- (dus-, “bad”) + τόκος (tókos, “childbirth”), from τίκτω (tíktō, “I give birth”).

(obstetrics, pathology) dystocia: a slow or difficult labour or delivery.


distosia bahu

(obstetrics, pathology) shoulder dystocia: an obstetric emergency where, after the baby's head is delivered, the anterior shoulder becomes stuck behind the mother's pubic bone, preventing the baby's body from being born.


distosia serviks

(obstetrics, pathology) cervical dystocia: a type of difficult labor, is defined as a failure of the cervix to dilate adequately despite normal uterine contractions and the absence of other causes of dystocia.


distrofi miotonik

(medicine) myotonic dystrophy: a group of inherited disorders, specifically a type of muscular dystrophy, characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting, often accompanied by myotonia (difficulty relaxing muscles), and can affect multiple systems beyond the muscles.


distrofi miotonik tipe kedua

id-noun

distrofi miotonik tipe kedua (uncountable)

Compound of distrofi miotonik + tipe + kedua.

com+

(pathology) myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2), also known as proximal myotonic myopathy, is a rare, autosomal dominant, genetic disorder characterized by mild myotonia, muscle weakness, and, less commonly, cardiac conduction disorders, that typically presents in adulthood.


distrofi miotonik tipe kesatu

id-noun

distrofi miotonik tipe kesatu (uncountable)

Compound of distrofi miotonik + tipe + kesatu.

com+

(pathology) myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), also known as Steinert's disease, is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and difficulty relaxing muscles after contraction (myotonia), affecting multiple body systems beyond skeletal muscles.


miotonik

id-adj

miotonik (comparative lebih miotonik, superlative paling miotonik)

lebih miotonik (comparative)
paling miotonik (superlative)


distrofi otot Becker

Becker muscular dystrophy
Becker muscular dystrophy

(pathology) Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD): a genetic disorder causing progressive muscle weakness, milder than Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), and typically affecting males, with symptoms often appearing in the teens or early adulthood.


distrofi otot distal

distal muscular dystrophy
distal muscular dystrophy

(pathology) distal muscular dystrophy (DD), distal myopathy: a group of rare, progressive, genetic disorders characterized by muscle weakness and wasting, primarily affecting the distal muscles (those furthest from the body's center, like hands and feet).


distrofi otot Duchenne

Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy

(pathology) Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): a genetic condition causing progressive muscle weakness and wasting, primarily affecting boys, due to a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which is essential for muscle function.


distrofi otot fasioskapulohumeral

id-noun

distrofi otot fasioskapulohumeral (uncountable)

Compound of distrofi + otot + fasioskapulohumeral.

com+

facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

(pathology) facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD): a genetic condition causing progressive muscle weakness, primarily affecting the face, shoulders, and upper arms, with symptoms typically appearing in early adulthood.


divertikulum

Learned borrowing from Latin dīverticulum, alternative form of dēverticulum (“byroad; deviation”), from dēvertō (“turn away, turn aside”).

lbor

(anatomy) diverticulum: a small out-pouching of an organ wall such as the large intestine or urinary bladder.


dokter muda

Compound of dokter (“doctor, physician”) + muda (“junior”, literally “young”).

com+

(education, healthcare, medicine) medical students in clinical clerkship phase


dokter residen

(medicine) resident: a physician receiving specialized medical training


dolorimetri

(medicine) dolorimetry: The measurement of pain.


donor universal

id-noun

donor universal (plural donor-donor universal)

a person of blood group O, who can in theory donate blood to recipients of any ABO blood group.

(medicine: hematology) universal donor:
the blood of such a person


dosis efektif

(pharmacology) the dose or concentration of a drug that produces a biological response, specifically the lowest pharmaceutical dosage required to cause effect in 50% of average individuals.


dosis terserap

(nuclear physics, radiology) absorbed dose: a dose quantity which represents the specific energy (energy per unit mass) deposited by ionizing radiation in living matter.


DSPS

delayed sleep phase syndrome
delayed sleep phase syndrome#English

(medicine) Initialism of delayed sleep phase syndrome.


duktulus

Learned borrowing from New Latin ductulus, diminutive of Latin ductus.


duktus torakikus

id-noun

duktus torakikus (plural duktus-duktus torakikus)


dwarfisme proporsional

proportionate dwarfism
proportionate dwarfism

(pathology) proportionate dwarfism: a condition where a person's arms, legs, trunk, and head are all relatively the same size, but smaller than average.


edema dependen

(pathology) dependent edema: swelling (edema) that occurs in the lower parts of the body, such as the legs, feet, and ankles, due to the effects of gravity causing fluid to pool in those areas.


edema ekstremitas

(pathology) extremity edema, swelling in the limbs: a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues, most commonly in the legs, ankles, feet, arms, and hands.


ekstremitas

Learned borrowing from Latin extrēmitās. Doublet of ekstermitas.

(anatomy) a limb (“major appendage of a human or animal such as an arm, leg, or wing”).


edema makula

(ophthalmology, pathology) macular edema: swelling in the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision, caused by fluid buildup, often due to damaged or abnormal blood vessels.


edema palpebra

(ophthalmology, pathology) palpebral edema, eyelid swelling or puffy eyelids: the accumulation of fluid in the tissues of the eyelids, causing them to appear swollen or puffy.


edema papil

(ophthalmology) papilledema, papilloedema: the swelling of the optic disc (the part of the optic nerve that enters the back of the eye) caused by increased pressure inside the skull (intracranial pressure).


edema paru

Compound of edema + paru (“lung”), partial calque of Dutch longoedeem (“pulmonary edema”, literally “lung edema”).

partial calque

(pulmonology, pathology) pulmonary edema: a condition characterized by an abnormal buildup of fluid in the lungs, specifically within the air sacs (alveoli), leading to difficulty breathing and potentially interfering with the body's ability to absorb oxygen.


edema pedal

(pathology) pedal edema: the accumulation of excess fluid in the tissues of the feet and ankles, causing swelling.


edema perifer

(pathology) peripheral edema: a medical condition characterized by swelling in the extremities, particularly the legs, ankles, and feet, but can also occur in the arms and hands, caused by the accumulation of excess fluid in the tissues, typically due to small blood vessels leaking fluid into the surrounding areas.


edema periorbita

(ophthalmology, pathology) periorbital puffiness, also known as puffy eyes, or swelling around the eyes, is the appearance of swelling in the tissues around the eyes, called the orbits.


edema serebral

(neurology, pathology) cerebral edema, brain swelling: a serious condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain tissue, potentially leading to increased pressure within the skull and impaired brain function.


serebral

id-adj

serebral (comparative lebih serebral, superlative paling serebral)

lebih serebral (comparative)
paling serebral (superlative)

Borrowed from Dutch cerebraal, from French cérébral, from Latin cerebrum (“a brain”).

(neuroanatomy) of or relating to the brain, cerebrum, or cerebral cortex.


edema tungkai

(pathology) swelling due to fluid buildup in the feet or legs


EDH

epidural hematoma
w:en:epidural hematoma

(neurosurgery, traumatology) Initialism of epidural hematoma.


efek kuratif

(medicine) effects that aim to cure or reduce symptoms of disease through treatment


efloresensi

Borrowed from English efflorescence, from French efflorescence, from Latin efflōrēscō.

(dermatology, pathology) a redness, rash, or eruption on the skin.


efusi pleura

(medicine) pleural effusion: the buildup of excess fluid between the layers of tissue (pleura) that line the lungs and chest cavity.


efusi

→ Malay: efusi

Borrowed from Dutch effusie (“effusion”), from Latin effūsiō (“outpouring”).

bor+

(medicine) the seeping of fluid into a body cavity; the fluid itself.


eksenterasi panggul

(surgery, gynaecology) pelvic exenteration: a radical surgical procedure, primarily used to treat advanced or recurrent cancers within the pelvis, involving the complete or partial removal of all pelvic organs, including the bladder, rectum, anus, and reproductive organs, depending on the specific type of cancer and patient's needs.


panggul

Borrowed from Betawi panggul. Compare pinggul.


eksentrosit

(hematology) eccentrocyte: a red blood cell (RBC) with its hemoglobin shifted to one side of the cell, often appearing as a crescent-shaped area along one side of the periphery, due to oxidative damage to the cell membrane and cytoskeleton.


eksisi

eksisi-eksisi (plural)
eksisi (root)
mengeksisi (active nominative)
tereksisi (nominative passive)
dieksisi (nominative passive)
eksisilah (nominative)

Borrowed from Dutch excisie, from French excision, from Middle French excision, from Latin excīsiōnem.

(surgery) the removal of something (a tumor or body part) by cutting.

(genetics) the removal of a gene from a section of genetic material.


ekskoriasi

(dermatology) the excoriated place, or the state of being excoriated or stripped of the skin; abrasion.


eksofitik

id-adj

eksofitik (comparative lebih eksofitik, superlative paling eksofitik)

lebih eksofitik (comparative)
paling eksofitik (superlative)

(pathology) exophytic: in pathology, pertaining to growth of a tumor outward.


eksoftalmos

eksoftalmia (alternative)
eksoftalmus (alternative)

(ophthalmology, pathology) exophthalmos: an abnormal protrusion of the eyeball from its socket.


eksokrin

eksokrin (comparative lebih eksokrin, superlative paling eksokrin)

lebih eksokrin (comparative)
paling eksokrin (superlative)


eksokrin pankreas

(physiology) the exocrine function of the pancreas: the production and secretion of digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine to aid in the breakdown of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.


ekstensor

(anatomy) extensor: a muscle whose contraction extends or straightens a limb or body part.


eksteriorisasi

(surgery) exteriorization: the act of removing something from a body.


ekstermitas

Internationalism. Doublet of ekstremitas.

a limb (“major appendage of a human or animal such as an arm, leg, or wing”).


ekstraksi katarak

(ophthalmology) cataract extraction: a surgical procedure to remove the cloudy lens (cataract) from the eye.


ekstraksi vakum

(obstetrics) vacuum extraction: the application of reduced pressure to extract something, particularly to assist childbirth or as a method of abortion, or as a technique for removing components of a chemical mixture.


ekstrapiramidal

ekstrapiramidal (comparative lebih ekstrapiramidal, superlative paling ekstrapiramidal)

lebih ekstrapiramidal (comparative)
paling ekstrapiramidal (superlative)


ekstrasel

ekstrasel (comparative lebih ekstrasel, superlative paling ekstrasel)

lebih ekstrasel (comparative)
paling ekstrasel (superlative)
ekstraseluler (alternative)

(cytology) extracellular: occurring or found outside of a cell.


ekstraseluler

ekstraseluler (comparative lebih ekstraseluler, superlative paling ekstraseluler)

lebih ekstraseluler (comparative)
paling ekstraseluler (superlative)
ekstrasel (alternative)


ekstremitas superior

id-noun

ekstremitas superior (plural ekstremitas-ekstremitas superior)

(anatomy) upper extremity, upper limb: the part of the body that extends from the shoulder to the hand.


ektasia

(medicine) dilatation, ectasia, ectasis: pathologic dilatation


ektima

(dermatology, pathology) ecthyma: a contagious ulcerative pyoderma of the skin, caused by bacteria.


ektopik

id-adj

ektopik (comparative lebih ektopik, superlative paling ektopik)

lebih ektopik (comparative)
paling ektopik (superlative)


ektropion

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐκτρόπιον (ektrópion).


elektroforesis hemoglobin

Compound of elektroforesis + hemoglobin.

hemoglobin electrophoresis
hemoglobin electrophoresis

(medicine) hemoglobin electrophoresis: a blood test that separates and measures different types of hemoglobin in the blood, helping to identify abnormal hemoglobin variants and diagnose conditions like sickle cell anemia.


analisis impedans bioelektrik

id-noun

analisis impedans bioelektrik (plural analisis-analisis impedans bioelektrik)

analisis-analisis impedans bioelektrik (plural)

Compound of analisis + impedans + bioelektrik.

com+

bioelectrical impedance analysis
bioelectrical impedance analysis

(medicine) bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA): a non-invasive technique used to estimate body composition, particularly body fat and muscle mass, by measuring the electrical impedance of the body tissues using a weak electric current.


paralisis

Learned borrowing from Latin paralysis (“paralysis, palsy”), from Ancient Greek παράλυσις (parálusis, “palsy”).

der

(pathology) the complete loss of voluntary control of part of a person's body, such as one or more limbs.


tirah baring

id-noun

tirah baring (plural tirah-tirah baring)


kecemasan berpisah

kecemasan berpisah (plural kecemasan-kecemasan berpisah)

Compound of kecemasan + berpisah, calque of English separation anxiety.

(psychology, psychiatry) separation anxiety


serambi jantung

serambi jantung (plural serambi-serambi jantung)

Compound of serambi (“lobby, atrium”) + jantung (“heart”), possibly a calque from Japanese 心房(しんぼう) (shinbō, “atrium”).

com+

(anatomy) atrium: one of two upper chambers of the heart


iritasi

→? Malay: iritasi

Borrowed from Dutch irritatie, from French irritation, from French irritation, from Latin irrītātiō, from irrītāre (“to excite”).

(medicine, pathology) irritation (bodily condition of morbid excitability or oversensitiveness)


KPSP

(medicine) Initialism of kuesioner pra-skrining perkembangan (literally “pre-developmental screening questionnaire”)