pemkab

(government) acronym of pemerintah kabupaten (“regency government”).


delik kulpa

Compound of delik + kulpa, calque of Dutch culpose delicten


SAKIP

(government) acronym of sistem akuntabilitas kinerja instansi pemerintah (literally “governmental agency performance accountability system”).


papan kerani

Compound of papan (“board”) + kerani (“clerk, scribe”).

com

clipboard: a flat piece of rigid material, such as card or plastic, with a clip at one end under which papers can be held.


pasar kering

Compound of pasar (“market”) + kering (“dry”), calque of English dry market.

dry market: a market selling clothing, electronics, etc. rather than fresh meat and produce.


pasar basah

Compound of pasar (“market”) + basah (“wet”), calque of English wet market.

wet market: a market selling fresh meat, fish and produce.


ujian tengah semester

Compound of ujian (“exam”) + tengah (“mid-”) + semester (“semester”).


ponpes

(education, Islam) acronym of pondok pesantren (“traditional Islamic school”).


selis

From Dutch cellist. Equivalent to selo + -is.

(music) cellist: someone who plays the cello.


perusahaan negara

Compound of perusahaan (“company”) + negara (“state”), calque of Dutch staatsbedrijf (“state-owned company”).

clq

state-owned enterprise
state-owned enterprise

(government, dated) state-owned enterprise: a commercial business wholly or partly owned and operated by a government.


ulun

From Malay ulun, from Proto-Malayic *hulun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulun (“outsiders, alien people”).


bahasa isyarat

id-noun

bahasa isyarat (plural bahasa-bahasa isyarat)

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + isyarat (“signal”).


muamalah

From Arabic مُعَامَلَة (muʕāmala). Doublet of mualamat.


ayakan

(mining, quarrying) screen (stone classification device)


kekuasaan

Affixed kuasa + ke- -an.
* Replaced Dutch bevoegdheid (“authority, authorization; competence”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


spesifisitas

Affixed spesifik + -itas, from English specificity.

(medicine) specificity: the extent to which a particular diagnostic test is specific for, or a symptom or sign is specific to, a given condition.


kesusastraan

Affixed *susastra + ke- -an, from Malay kesusasteraan, from Sanskrit सु- (su-, “good, well”) + शास्त्र (śāstra, “scripture”).


dadaisme

Affixed *dada + -isme, borrowed from Dutch dadaïsme, from French dadaïsme.

dadaism: an art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century of artists who rejected the logic, reason, and aestheticism of modern capitalist society, instead expressing nonsense, irrationality, and anti-bourgeois protest in their works.


suket

surat keterangan
surat keterangan#Indonesian

short for surat keterangan (“certificate”).


suket

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦸꦏꦼꦠ꧀ (suket, “grass”), from Old Javanese sukĕt (“grass”).


suket

(zoology) red palm weevil, Asian palm weevil, sago palm weevil: (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus).


gambus

From Malay gambus, from Arabic قنبوس (qanbūs).


beruang es

Compound of beruang (“bear”) + es (“ice”), calque of Dutch ijsbeer (“polar bear”, literally “ice bear”).

clq

Ursus maritimus
Ursus maritimus#Translingual

(zoology, uncommon) polar bear (Ursus maritimus)


sampir

From Malay sampir (“upper part of kris sheath”), from Javanese ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦶꦂ (sampir, “scarf-like cloth worn over the shoulder; shoulder”), from Old Javanese sampir (“scarf, shawl”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sampir (“a type of head cloth”).


sandang

From Malay sandang, from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sandaŋ (“wear across the shoulder”).

inh

synonym of selendang, selempang (“shawl”).


sandang

Semantic loan from Javanese ꦱꦤ꧀ꦝꦁ (sandhang, “clothing”), from Old Javanese saṇḍaṅ (“nature; clothing”), from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sandaŋ (“wear across the shoulder”).


sanggah

From Malay sanggah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saŋgaq (“to arrest the progress of something by stopping or catching it; to support, keep from falling”). Doublet of sangga.
* Semantic loan from Balinese ᬲᬗ᭄ᬕᬄ (sanggah, “altar”, literally “seat, throne”) for Balinese family shrine.

sl

(Hinduism) family shrine in the Balinese house-complex.


sanak

Reconstructed as se- + anak, inherited from Malay sanak, from Old Javanese sānak (“brother, sister, relative; with his brother(s)”).


susuk

From Malay susuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *susuk (“to prick, pierce”), from Proto-Austronesian *-suk (“insert, penetrate, enter”)
* Sense of water canal is a semantic loan from Betawi [Term?].

inh

alternative spelling of susukan (“canal, artificial channel”)


susuk

alternative spelling of sosok (“shape, appearance, (shape of the) body, figure, build, stature”)


susuk

change: balance of money returned from the sum paid after deducting the price of a purchase.


hijau abadi

hijau (“green”) + abadi (“eternal”), literally “eternal green”, from English evergreen.

com

A shrub or tree that does not shed its leaves or needles seasonally; evergreen.


swakriya

Affixed swa- + kriya, from English do it yourself. Coined by Indonesian engineer Ivan Lanin in August 2011.

coinage

(neologism) do it yourself: the practice of doing home improvements and maintenance oneself, rather than employing a professional.


empedu

êmpêdu (canonical)
empedu-empedu (plural)

From Malay empedu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qapəju, from Proto-Austronesian *qapəjux. Compare Javanese peru.

bile: a bitter brownish-yellow or greenish-yellow secretion produced by the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and discharged into the duodenum where it aids the process of digestion.

gall bladder: a pear-shaped organ that stores bile from the liver, until the body needs it for the digestion and absorption of fats in the duodenum.

(figurative) sharp tongue: the practice or characteristic of speaking to others in a harsh, critical, or insulting manner.


jari-jari

(mathematics) a line segment between any point of a circle or sphere and its center; the length of this line segment.

anything resembling a radius, such as the spoke of a wheel, the movable arm of a sextant, or one of the radiating lines of a spider's web.

spoke: a support structure that connects the axle or the hub of a wheel to the rim.


kedatuan

Affixed datu + ke- -an, from Malay kedatuan, from Old Malay kadatuan (“royal residence”). Doublet of kedaton and keraton.


perusahaan rintisan

id-noun

perusahaan rintisan (plural perusahaan-perusahaan rintisan)

Compound of perusahaan (“company”) + rintisan, calque of English startup company. Coined in July 2010 by a netizen Angga Satriya (username Satrion) in comment section of an article about equivalent term for startup company in Ivan Lanin personal blog.

startup, a new company or organization or business venture designed for rapid growth.


kedaton

Affixed datu + ke- -an, from Javanese ꦏꦼꦝꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kedhaton). Doublet of kedatuan and keraton.


narakontak

Affixed nara- + kontak, calque of English contact person. Coined by Indonesian translator Sugeng Hariyanto.

coinage

synonym of narahubung (“contact person”)


ahli pertama

Compound of ahli (“expert”) + pertama (“first”).

(education, rare) higher apprenticeships (UK): one-year vocational degree.

(government) expert who requires a basic professional qualifications.


ahli muda

Compound of ahli (“expert”) + muda (“junior”).

(education) higher apprenticeships (UK): two-years vocational degree.

(government) expert who requires a further professional qualifications.


ahli madya

Compound of ahli (“expert”) + madya (“mid-”).

(education) higher apprenticeships (UK): three-years vocational degree.

(government) job title requires a high level of professional qualifications.


henti napas

Compound of henti (“stop”) + napas (“breath”), calque of Dutch ademstilstand (“apnea”, literally “respiratory arrest”).

clq

(pulmonology, emergency medicine, pathology) respiratory arrest.


pemda

(government) acronym of pemerintah daerah (“provincial, kabupaten or kota government”).


kasuistik

(medicine) casuistics: the recording and study of cases of disease.


konpers

konpèrs (canonical)
konpers-konpers (plural)

konferensi pers
konferensi pers#Indonesian

acronym of konferensi pers (“press conference”).


perpanjangan

pêrpanjangan (canonical)
perpanjangan-perpanjangan (plural)


konfirmasi

From Dutch confirmatie, from Middle Dutch confirmacie, from Old French confirmation, from Latin cōnfirmātiō.

confirmation: a verification that something is true or has happened.


penguatan

pênguatan (canonical)
penguatan-penguatan (plural)

Affixed kuat + peng- -an.
* The confirmation sense is a semantic loan from Latin confirmatio, noun of process from cōnfirmātus (“confirmed”), perfect passive participle of cōnfirmāre, from con- (“with”) + firmāre (“to firm or strengthen”).

the act, process, or state of reinforcing or being reinforced.

(psychology) the process whereby a behavior with desirable consequences comes to be repeated.

the act, or result of amplifying, enlarging, extending or adding.

(linguistics) a translation technique that involves adding content that is not present in the source text to the target text, usually to improve the fluency of the translation.

(linguistics) a figure of speech that adds importance to increase its rhetorical effect.

(computing, electronics, physics) the act, or result of independently increasing some quantity, especially voltage, power or current.

(Catholicism) confirmation: a ceremony of sealing and conscious acknowledgement of the faith in many Christian churches, typically around the ages of 14 to 18.


wara-wara

Reduplication of wara, from Javanese ꦮꦫꦮꦫ (wara-wara, “public announcement, proclamation”), from Old Javanese warah-warah (“communication, information, report, instruction, teaching”).


dengar pendapat

Compound of dengar (“hear”) + pendapat (“opinion”).

public hearing, a meeting to hear public opinions on any issue; a meeting where members of the public hear the facts about any issue and give their opinions about it.


kumpul kebo

From koempoel gebouw, earlier spelling of compound kumpul + Dutch gebouw (“building”). The latter element then phono-semantically altered, based on Javanese ꦏꦼꦧꦺꦴ (kebo, “water buffalo”).


PHBS

(medicine) initialism of perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (“clean and healthy lifestyle”).


konsiderans

From Dutch considerans, from Latin cōnsīderāns, present active participle of cōnsīderō (“consider, ponder”).

(law) consideration: something taken into account to reach a decision, notably a legal one, such as a verdict or deed.


konsiderasi

Affixed *konsider + -asi, from Dutch consideratie, from Old French consideracion (Modern French considération), from Latin cōnsīderātiō.

consideration: the thought process of considering, of taking multiple or specified factors into account (with of being the main corresponding adposition).


radikalisme

Affixed radikal + -isme, from Dutch radicalisme.

(politics) radicalism: any of various radical social or political movements that aim at fundamental change in the structure of society.


pendidikan tinggi

Compound of pendidikan (“education”) + tinggi (“high”).

com

higher education
higher education#English


radikalisasi

Affixed radikal + -isasi, from English radicalisation (compare to Dutch radicalisatie).


bawal

Inherited from Malay bawal, from Javanese ꦧꦮꦭ꧀ (bawal), from Old Javanese bawal (“a certain fresh water fish”)


tenaga pendidik

Compound of tenaga (“worker”) + pendidik (“educator”).


tenaga kependidikan

Compound of tenaga + kependidikan (“educational”).

(education) non-teaching staff, including administrative personnel and technician.


polisi militer

Compound of polisi (“police”) + militer (“military”).

(military, law enforcement) military police: a unit of a military organization whose duty is to police the organization. They are in charge of law enforcement on military property, and of military personnel.


prinsip

From Dutch principe, from French principe, from Latin principium.


apiun

From Arabic أَفْيُون (ʔafyūn) or Hokkien 鴉片 /鸦片 (a-phiàn). Compare to Sundanese apiun, Vietnamese á phiện, Baba Malay aphien, Dutch amfioen. Doublet of opium.


lanang

From Javanese ꦭꦤꦁ (lanang), from Old Javanese lanaṅ (“male”).


joget

→ English: joget

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦺꦴꦒꦺꦠ꧀ (jogèt), ultimately from Old Javanese jogèd (“dance”).

(cultural arts) dance; initially refers to the traditional Javanese cultural performance (group dance, along with the songs and gamelan instrument rhythm).


rehabilitasi

From Dutch rehabilitatie, from Middle French réhabilitation, from Medieval Latin rehabilitatio.


prioritas

Affixed *prior + -itas, learned borrowing from Medieval Latin prioritās. Displaced earlier loanword prioritet.


dayung

Inherited from Malay dayung. Cognate with Old Javanese rayuṅ, dayuṅ.

paddle (a to two-handed implement consisting of a shaft with one or two blades attached to the end(s) used to propel a canoe, kayak or a small boat. A paddle is unattached to the boat and freely operated with the hands, compared with an oar which is attached to the boat at a pivot point)

a sport where the activity is paddling a boat

(uncommon) pedal (a lever operated by one's foot that is used to control or power a machine or mechanism, such as a bicycle or piano)

(ichthyology, uncommon) pectoral fin (either of two fins located on each side of a fish just behind the head)


pusat perbelanjaan

Compound of pusat (“centre”) + perbelanjaan (“shopping”).


peristiwa hukum pidana

peristiwa + hukum pidana (“criminal law”).


penyertaan

serta + peng- -an. Semantic loan from Dutch deelneming.


yuris

From Dutch jurist, from Middle French juriste, from Medieval Latin iurista.


pemaparan

pêmaparan (canonical)
pemaparan-pemaparan (plural)


AKBP

(law enforcement) initialism of Ajun Komisaris Besar Polisi (“Police Grand Commissioner Attendant”).


paksaan

Affixed paksa + -an.
* Semantic loan from Dutch dwang (“coercion”).

sl

actual or threatened force for the purpose of compelling action by another person; the act of coercing.

(law) use of physical or moral force to compel a person to do something, or to abstain from doing something, thereby depriving that person of the exercise of free will.


sugih

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦸꦒꦶꦃ (sugih, “rich”), from Old Javanese sugih.


digitalisasi

Affixed digital + -isasi, from English digitalisation.


PPPK

pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja#Indonesian

(government) initialism of pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja (“contractual government employee”).


digitisasi

Affixed digit + -isasi, from English digitisation.


PHK

initialism of pemutusan hubungan kerja (“termination of employment, separation of employment”).


(medicine) initialism of pertolongan pertama pada kecelakaan (“first aid”, literally “first aid at the accident”), calque of Dutch eerste hulp bij ongelukken (EHBO).

pertolongan pertama pada kecelakaan

(government, colloquial) initialism of pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja (“contractual government employee”).


teh obeng

Compound of teh (“tea”) and Hokkien 烏／乌 (o͘, “black”) + 冰 (peng, “ice, ice-cold”).


intensifikasi

From Dutch intensieficatie, from French intensification.


emas putih

Compound of emas (“gold”) + putih (“white”), calque of Dutch witgoud (“platinum”, literally “white gold”). Compare to Japanese 白金(はっきん) (hakkin, “platinum”).

clq

platinum: the chemical element with atomic number 78 and symbol Pt; a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, silverish-white transition metal of great value.


puncak

the highest or the greatest part of something, especially forming a point.

(geometry) the highest point in a plane or solid figure, relative to a base line or plane.

apex:
(botany) the growing point of a shoot.

the moment of greatest success, expansion, etc.

apex:
(ecology) the top of the food chain.

crest:
the summit of a hill or mountain ridge.

(hydrology) the highest level above a certain datum or reference point that a river will reach in a certain amount of time.

(physics) the section of a wave that rises above an undisturbed position.

a point; the sharp end or top of anything that terminates in a point; as, the peak, or front, of a cap.

the highest value reached by some quantity in a time period.

(geography) the top, or one of the tops, of a hill, mountain or range, ending in a point.

(geography) the whole hill or mountain, especially when isolated.

(mathematics) a local maximum of a function, e.g. for sine waves, each point at which the value of y is at its maximum.

the highest point, top or apex of something.

(anatomy) the highest surface on the skull; the crown of the head.


pucuk

From Malay pucuk, from Classical Malay pucuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pucuk (“sprouting tip of a plant”), or alternatively from Proto-Austronesian *qapucuk (“peak of a mountain”).

inh

shoot: the emerging embryonic leaves of a new plant

sharp-pointed tip (tree, wave etc)
top branchlet

(figurative) helm (of leadership or organization)


walik

fruit dove (any bird of the genus Ptilinopus, in the pigeon and dove family Columbidae)


selaka

sêlaka (canonical)
selaka-selaka (plural)


selaka

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦼꦭꦏ (selaka), from Old Javanese salaka.


kalung

Inherited from Malay kalung, from Javanese kalung, from Old Javanese kaluṅ.

an article of jewelry that is worn around the neck, most often made of a string of precious metal, pearls, gems, beads or shells, and sometimes having a pendant attached

necklace
anything resembling a necklace in shape


perguruan

(education) school: an institution dedicated to teaching and learning; an educational institution.


buruan

Affixed buru + -an, from Malay buruan. Doublet of buron.


perguruan tinggi

Compound of perguruan (“school”) + tinggi (“high”), calque of Dutch hogeschool.

Kemudian saya berunding dengan Prof. Sardjito ; lalu di Klaten dibuka Perguruan Tinggi Kedokteran Hewan ; dengan begitu di Klaten ada 3 buah Perguruan Tinggi, jang dilahirkan dalam kantjah Revolusi.

1956, Prof. Drs. Soeparwi, Laporan Lengkap Seminar Ilmu Kebudajaan diselenggarakan oleh Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Gadjah Mada, page 58:

(education) higher education institution; post-secondary education institution.


investasi asing langsung

investasi (“investment”) + asing (“foreign”) + langsung (“direct”), calque of English foreign direct investment.

cal

penanaman modal asing
penanaman modal asing#Indonesian

(finance, economics) Synonym of penanaman modal asing


menara air

Compound of menara (“tower”) + air (“water”). Compare to Dutch watertoren.

water tower: a large tank of water, in an elevated position, acting as a local reservoir; water is pumped into the tank and fed by gravity to the consumers.


waduk

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦝꦸꦏ꧀ (wadhuk). Cognate of Balinese ᬯᬤᬸᬓ᭄ (waduk, “stomach”).

reservoir: a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.


pujasera

pujasêra (canonical)
pujasera-pujasera (plural)

Blend of pusat (center) + jajanan (snacks) + serba ada (all-in-one).


paseban

From Javanese ꦥꦱꦺꦧꦤ꧀ (paséban), from Old Javanese pasewan (“audience-hall”). Can be reconstructed as per- -an + seba


obat terlarang

Compound of obat (“drug”) + terlarang (“forbidden”).


bungkuk

From Malay bongkok, bungkuk, from Classical Malay بوڠکوق (bongkok), بوڠکوق (bungkuk), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋkuk.


owaki

Any of African hawks in the genus Aviceda


selira

From Malay selera, from Sanskrit शरीर (śarīra, “body”). Doublet of sarira.


melaksanakan

head

mêlaksanakan (imperative laksanakan, active melaksanakan, ordinary passive dilaksanakan, adversative passive terlaksanakan)

mêlaksanakan (canonical)
laksanakan (imperative)
melaksanakan (active)


kanwil

kantor wilayah
kantor wilayah#Indonesian

acronym of kantor wilayah (“regional office”).


kantor wilayah

Compound of kantor (“office”) + wilayah (“region(al)”).

com

(government) of a central government agency.

regional office
of a central government agency.


praktisi

From Dutch practici, plural form of practicus, from Latin practicus.


influenser

Internationalism, borrowed from English influencer.

(social media, marketing) influencer (a person who is able to influence consumption, lifestyle, and/or political preferences of their online audience by creating and/or engaging social media content, often as a part of a marketing campaign)


marinir

From Dutch marinier, from French marinier (“bargeman”), from Middle French marinier, from Old French mariner.

a soldier, normally a member of a marine corps, trained to serve on board or from a ship


ragum

vice, vise: an instrument consisting of two jaws, closing by a screw, lever, cam, or the like, for holding work, as in filing.


ulayat

From Minangkabau ulayat, from Arabic وِلَايَة (wilāya).


pinjol

pinjaman daring
pinjaman daring#Indonesian

(colloquial, finance) acronym of pinjaman online (“online lending”), synonym of pinjaman daring.


menteri negara

Compound of menteri (“minister”) + negara (“state”).

minister without portfolio
minister without portfolio#English

(government) minister without portfolio: a minister who does not head a particular ministry.


menteri koordinator

Compound of menteri (“minister”) + koordinator (“coordinator”).


menteri pertama

Compound of menteri (“minister”) + pertama (“first”), calque of Dutch eerste minister.

(government, historical) first minister, prime minister


menteri muda

Compound of menteri (“minister”) + muda (“young”), literally “young minister”, calque of Dutch onderminister.

(government, historical) undersecretary: a junior government minister.


direktorat

From Dutch directoraat, from French directorat.


anggaran rumah tangga

Compound of anggaran (“rule”) + rumah tangga (“household”), a calque of Dutch huishoudelijk reglement.

com+

articles of association
articles of association

articles of association (document which forms a company's constitution)

bylaw (law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization)


anggaran dasar

Compound of anggaran (“rule”) + dasar (“basic”), a calque of Dutch grondregel. Compare to Japanese 基本定款(きほんきやく) (kihonkiyaku, “memorandum of association”, literally “basic code”).

ja-r

memorandum of association
memorandum of association

memorandum of association (a document that governs the relationship between a company and the outside world)


kemenyan

From Malay kemenyan. Cognate of Thai กำยาน (gam-yaan, “benzoin”), Khmer កំញាន (kɑmñaan), Western Cham [script needed] (kamơñan), Burmese ကက္ကုကမျဉ်း (kakku.ka.myany:).

benzoin: a resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from Styrax benzoin, a tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume.


kemenyan

short for akar kemenyan (Dioscorea pyrifolia)


sprin

surat perintah
surat perintah#Indonesian

acronym of surat perintah (“warrant, writ”).


surat perintah penahanan

Compound of surat perintah (“warrant”) + penahanan (“arrest”).


kawanua

Reconstructed as ke- + benua, from Tombulu.

compatriot: somebody from one's own country.


garis tengah

Compound of garis (“line”) + tengah (“centre, central”).
* Sense of diameter, calque of Dutch middellijn.

com

centerline: a line through the center that divides a shape into equal pieces.

(geometry) diameter: any straight line between two points on the circumference of a circle that passes through the centre/center of the circle.


pemula

pêmula (canonical)
pemula-pemula (plural)


bowo

the dowry from the groom consists of several pigs with a certain chest size


bahan bakar minyak

Compound of bahan bakar (“fuel”) + minyak (“oil”).


kapitasi

Affixed kapita + -si, from English capitation (constructed as it was borrowed from Dutch capitatie), from Latin capitationem, from caput (“head”).

(healthcare) capitation: a system of remuneration for providers of health care, in which providers enroll patients as permanent clients and receive a fixed periodic payment for each enrollee.


panutan

From Javanese ꦥꦤꦸꦠꦤ꧀ (panutan), reconstructed as anut + peng- -an.


beluku

From Javanese ꦮ꧀ꦭꦸꦏꦸ (wluku, “plough”), from Old Javanese *waluku.


simetri

From Dutch symmetrie, from Middle French symmetrie, from Latin symmetria, from Ancient Greek συμμετρία (summetría), from σύμμετρος (súmmetros, “symmetrical”), from σύν (sún, “with”) + μέτρον (métron, “measure”).


sasar

From Urdu سر (sar, “intention, aim”, literally “head, top”), from Persian سر (sar, “head, chief”), from Middle Persian 𐭫𐭥𐭩𐭱𐭤 (LOYŠE /sar/), from Proto-Iranian *cŕ̥Hah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćŕ̥Has, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-.


adiafora

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀδιάφορος (adiáphoros).

lbor

(philosophy) adiaphoron: an indifferent matter.


genosida

génosida (canonical)
genosida-genosida (plural)


mukmin

From Malay mukmin, from Arabic مُؤْمِن (muʔmin).


kelingking

kêlingking (canonical)
kelingking-kelingking (plural)

From Malay kelingking. Cognate of Tagalog kalingkingan.


RUU

(law) initialism of rancangan undang-undang (“bill”).


permadani

From Javanese ꦥꦼꦂꦩꦢꦤꦶ (permadani, “carpet”), from Malayalam പരവതാനി (paravatāni).

carpet: a fabric used as a complete floor covering.


serambi

From Malay serambi,
* From Malayalam സറാന്പി (saṟānpi). Compare to Tamil சிறாம்பி (ciṟāmpi).
* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *surambi ~ *surambiq (“extension to house”). Compare to Old Javanese surambyan (“outer verandah, front porch”).


benara

From Malay benara, from Tamil வண்ணார (vaṇṇāra, “washerman”).


setanggi

From Malay setanggi, from Old Javanese aṣṭāṅgi (“incense”, literally “eight ingredients”), from Sanskrit अष्टाङ्ग (aṣṭāṅga, “the eight parts”).


pelana

From Malay pelana, from Prakrit pallāṇa, from Sanskrit पल्याण (palyāṇa). Cognate with Acehnese peulana, Old Javanese palana.

a seat (tack) for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal.

an item of harness (harness saddle) placed on the back of a horse or other animal.

(meteorology) col: the point of intersection of a trough and a ridge in the pressure pattern of a weather map.

(construction) gable roof: a single-ridge roof that terminates at gable ends.


undagi

From Javanese ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦒꦶ (undhagi, “carpenter”) or Balinese ᬳᬸᬦ᭄ᬤᬕᬶ (undagi, “sculptor, builder”), from Old Javanese uṇḍahagi, uṇḍagi (“craftsman, carpenter”), from Prakrit *𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀕𑀺 (*vaḍḍhagi), from Sanskrit वर्धकि (vardhaki, “carpenter”).


alterasi

the act of altering or making different.


ahli statistik

Compound of ahli (“expert”) + statistik (“statistics”).


bingsu

From Toraja-Sa'dan bingsu (“religious leader”).

bor

(religious, Toraja) terminology for the Torajan religious leader (similar like priest concept) in the eastern region of Toraja


bingsu

Learned borrowing from Korean 빙수 (bingsu, “shaved ice”), from Sino-Korean word from 氷水.


penyesuaian

pênyêsuaian (canonical)
penyesuaian-penyesuaian (plural)

adjustment:
the action of adjusting something.

(accounting) the settling or balancing of a financial account.

(art) the process of adapting an artistic work from a different medium; an artistic work that has been adapted from a different medium.

(biology) the dynamic evolutionary process of natural selection that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness; a state reached by the population during that process; phenotypic trait or adaptive trait, with a functional role in each individual organism, that is maintained and has evolved through natural selection.


abbarumbung

steam bath-like, a part of Buginese-Makassar traditional wedding ceremony few days before covenant of marriage


aburage

(cooking) aburaage: a Japanese food consisting of deep-fried slices of tofu.


data raya

Compound of data + raya, from Malay data raya, calque of English big data.


aemono

From Japanese 和(あ)え物(もの) (aemono, “salad”, literally “dressed thing”).


pemadam

ellipsis of pemadam api (“fire extinguisher”).

pemadam kebakaran
pemadam kebakaran#Indonesian

ellipsis of pemadam kebakaran (“firefighter”).


pemadam api

id-noun

pemadam api (plural pemadam-pemadam api)

Compound of pemadam (“extinguisher”) + api (“fire”), inherited from Malay pemadam api.


mahadata

Affixed maha- + data, calque of English big data. Attested in 2014.


asji

Acronym of asuransi jiwa (“life insurance”).


anggur putih

Compound of anggur (“wine”) + putih (“white”).


blangwir

From Dutch brandweer (“firefighting, fire department, fire brigade”).

bor

Alternative spelling of branwir (“fire engine, fire truck, fire appliance”).


ansietas pisah

Compound of ansietas + pisah, calque of English separation anxiety.

(psychology, psychiatry) separation anxiety


selang

sêlang (canonical)
selang-selang (plural)

From Malay selang. Cognate of Javanese ꦱꦼꦭ (sela, “gap”), Old Javanese sĕlā.

place next to the staircase leading to the serambi, place to wash one's feet and put on one's footwear before house


aset lancar

Compound of aset + lancar, previously aktiva lancar, calque of Dutch vlottende activa (“current asset”).

clq

(accounting, finance) current asset: any asset which can reasonably be expected to be sold, consumed, or exhausted through the normal operations of a business within the current fiscal year or operating cycle or financial year (whichever period is longer).


daging pelana

Compound of daging (“meat”) + pelana (“saddle”).

(cooking) saddle: a cut of meat that includes both loins and part of the backbone.


brunois

From English brunoise, from French brunoise.

(cooking) brunoise: a very fine dice; a method of cutting vegetables, usually to the dimensions of 2 mm or less, by julienning and then cutting many times at a 90-degree angle to the julienne.


daging putih

Compound of daging (“meat”) + putih (“white”).

(cooking) white meat: meat which is pale in color before and after cooking.


daging cincang

[ˈdaɡɪŋ ˈt͡ʃɪnt͡ʃaŋ]


deret vokal

Compound of deret + vokal, calque of English vowel sequence.


deret konsonan

Compound of deret + konsonan, calque of English consonant sequence.


builon

From English bouillon, from French bouillon, from the verb bouillir (“to boil”), from Old French boillir, from Latin bullīre (“to bubble, boil”), from bulla (“bubble”).

(cooking) bouillon: a clear seasoned broth made by simmering usually light meat, such as beef or chicken..


eksplanasi

From Dutch explanatie (or English explanation), from Latin explānātiō (“an explanation, interpretation”), from explānō (“explain”).


tata rias

tata (“arrangement”) + cara (“to decorate”), literally “decoration arrangement”.


tata cara

Compound of tata (“order”) + cara (“way, manner”), from Malay tatacara, calque from Chinese 做法 (zuòfǎ).


tata guna

tata (“arrangement”) + guna (“to use”), literally “usage arrangement”.


prosedur

From Dutch procedure, from Middle French procedure (Modern French procédure), from Old French procedure, from Latin procedere (“to go forward, proceed”).


komedi stambul

Compound of komedi (“comedy”) + stambul (literally “Istanbul”).

com

(drama) a 20ᵗʰ-century Malay play, which was inspired by Western play.


komidi

From Dutch komedie, from Latin cōmoedia, from Ancient Greek κωμῳδία (kōmōidía). Doublet of komedi.

comedy: entertainment composed of jokes, satire, or humorous performance.

acrobatics: a spectacular display of agility.


tata hukum

Compound of tata + hukum, calque of Dutch rechtsorder.


makanan sampah

Compound of makanan + sampah, a calque of English junk food.

junk food (food with little or no nutritional value)


stambul

Ultimately from Ottoman Turkish استانبول, from corruption of Byzantine Greek εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “to the City”).

der

εἰς τὴν Πόλιν

komedi stambul
komedi stambul#Indonesian

(music) a type of Indonesian musical style that typically makes use of the kroncong.


paralayang

para- + layang (“to float”), after layang gantung (“hang gliding”), from English paragliding.


penawaran umum perdana saham

penawaran (“offering”) + umum (“public”) + perdana (“first”) + saham (“stock”), literally “stock first public offering”

com

initial public offering
initial public offering

(business, finance) initial public offering


kadrun

(derogatory, politics, religious slur) abbreviation of kadal gurun: a term mostly used for Indonesian opposition groups, also including narrow-minded people and those influenced by Islamic fundamentalist groups


jenggala

/d͡ʒəŋˈɡala/

From Malay jenggala, from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “a wild or savage area”).


kadal gurun

Compound of kadal (“lizard”) + gurun (“desert”). First coined in the derogatory sense during the period of the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election, but it remained largely unknown until 2020.

Egyptian mastigure, Egyptian spiny-tailed lizard, Leptien's mastigure, Egyptian uromastyx, or Egyptian dabb lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia).

(derogatory, politics) a term mostly used to refer Indonesian opposition groups, also including narrow-minded people and those influenced by Middle East fundamentalist groups.


nipah

Inherited from Malay nipah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nipaq (“swamp palm”).


acaram

From Malay acaram, caram, from Classical Malay چارام (acaram), چارام (caram), from Tamil ஆசாரம் (ācāram), from Sanskrit आचार (ācāra). Doublet of acara.


gerobak

From Dutch East Indies Malay gerobak, from Javanese gerobag.


ayam goreng

ayam gorèng (canonical)
ayam-ayam goreng (plural)

Compound of ayam + goreng, from Malay ayam goreng.


vinyet

Borrowed from French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”), from Latin vīnea, from vīnum (“wine”).

(architecture) a running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils, used in Gothic architecture.

(printing) a decorative design, originally representing vine branches or tendrils, at the head of a chapter, of a manuscript or printed book, or in a similar position.

(printing) any small borderless picture in a book, especially an engraving, photograph, or the like, which vanishes gradually at the edge.

a short story or anecdote that presents a scene or tableau, or paints a picture.


kalumet

From English calumet, from a Norman variant of Old French chalumeau (imported to Canada with Norman colonists), from Latin calamellus, diminutive of calamus (“reed”), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos).

calumet: a clay tobacco-pipe used by American Indians, especially as a symbol of truce or peace.


seikirei

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 最敬禮, 最敬礼(さいけいれい) (saikeirei, “most respectful bow”).

ja-r

(historical) a low, deep bow, a respectful bow, reserved to the Emperor of Japan; a practice in Indonesia during World War II during the Japanese occupation where Indonesian bowed facing northwards.


keluarga inti

Compound of keluarga (“family”) + inti (“core”).

nuclear family: a family unit consisting of two parents (traditionally a mother and a father) and their children.


inti atom

Compound of inti (“core”) + atom, calque of Dutch atoomkern (“atomic nucleus”).

clq

(chemistry, nuclear physics) atomic nucleus: a nucleus of an atom; consisting of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud.


tekanan darah

Compound of tekanan (“pressure”) + darah (“blood”), a calque of Dutch bloeddruk.

com+

blood pressure (the pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins; it varies during the heartbeat cycle, and according to a person's age, health and physical condition)


tekanan

a pressing; a force applied to a surface.

(linguistics) accent: a higher-pitched or stronger articulation of a particular syllable of a word or phrase in order to distinguish it from the others or to emphasize it.

emphasis: special weight or forcefulness given to something considered important.


lumbung pangan

Compound of lumbung (“granary”) + pangan (“food”).


pendadaran

Affix dadar + peng- -an, calque of Javanese ꦤ꧀ꦢꦢꦂ (ndadar), ꦢꦢꦂ (dadar, “to examine, to test”).


pelonco

From Javanese ꦥ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦚ꧀ꦕꦺꦴ (plonco, “novice”).

recognition and appreciation of new situation by precipitating previous thinking


kebut

From Malay kebut, from Proto-Malayic *kabut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kabut. Doublet of kabut.
* The colloquial senses are semantic loan from Betawi and Javanese ꦏꦼꦧꦸꦠ꧀ (kebut, “duster”), probably from Malay kebut (“to clean the dust”).
* The speeding sense is a Javanese ꦏꦼꦧꦸꦠ꧀ (kebut, “to speed”), probably as extension of "to disappear" sense.

(colloquial, soccer) the referee ('s signal flag).


wejangan

Affixed wejang + -an, from Javanese ꦮꦼꦗꦔꦤ꧀ (wejangan).


perawan

Inherited from Malay perawan, from Javanese ꦥꦿꦮꦤ꧀ (prawan), from Dutch vrouwen.


watas

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦠꦼꦱ꧀ (wates, “border”), from Old Javanese watĕs (“border, end”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batəs. Doublet of batas.


setang

From Dutch stang (“bar”), from Proto-Germanic *stangō, *stangiz (“bar, rod”), from Proto-Indo-European *stengʰ-, *stegʰ- (“to stick, sting, prick, be stiff”).

handlebar: the bar used to steer a bicycle, motorbike, or similar vehicle.


S&K

syarat dan ketentuan
syarat dan ketentuan#Indonesian

terms and conditions
terms and conditions

(law) initialism of syarat dan ketentuan (“terms and conditions”).


syarat

From Malay syarat, from Arabic شَرْط (šarṭ).


pemegang saham

Compound of pemegang (“holder”) + saham (“share; stock”), calque of Dutch aandeelhouder (“shareholder”).


embargo militer

Compound of embargo + militer, calque of English arms embargo.

arms embargo: a restriction or a set of sanctions that applies either solely to weaponry or also to "dual-use technology".


cacing benang

[ˈt͡ʃat͡ʃɪŋ bəˈnaŋ]


biduk

boat used for fishing or carrying cargo on river.


biduk

pembinaan penduduk
pembinaan penduduk#Indonesian


demonstrasi

From Dutch demonstratie, from Middle French demonstration, from Old French demonstration, from Latin demonstrationem, from demonstrare (“show or explain”), from de- (“of or concerning”) + monstrare (“show”). Cognate Afrikaans demonstrasie.

the act of demonstrating; showing or explaining something.

a public display of group opinion, such as a protest march.


kebijakan

kêbijakan (canonical)
kebijakan-kebijakan (plural)

Affixed bijak + ke- -an. Attested from 1970s-1980s.


desentralisasi

Affixed de- + sentralisasi, from Dutch decentralisatie.

decentralization, decentralisation: the action of decentralizing, or the state of being decentralized.


distraksi

From Dutch distractie (reinforced by English distraction), from Middle French distraction, from Latin distractio.

distraction:
the process of being distracted.


kekonsistenan

synonym of konsistensi (“consistency; consistence”)


stormking

Genericization of the trademark Storm-King.


kroisan

From French croissant (a spelling pronunciation).

(cooking) croissant (a flaky roll or pastry in a form of a crescent)


inkuiri

From English inquiry, possibly via Malay inkuiri, from Middle English enquery, from the Old French verb enquerre, from Latin inquīrō.


kaiju eiga

From Japanese 怪獣映画(かいじゅうえいが) (kaijūeiga, literally “monster + film”).


kapang

From Malay kapang, from Minangkabau [Term?].


kapang

From Javanese ꦏꦥꦁ (kapang, “to long, to yearn”).


kitar

Contraction of ke- + edar, from Malay kitar. Compare Old Javanese kedĕr (“turned round; overturned; wandering, spinning”).

cog

(transport) cycle: the number of activities that can be carried out by a means of transportation from one starting point per unit time.


sungut

(zoology) barbel: whisker-like sensory organs, located around the mouth of certain fish, including catfish, carp, goatfish, sturgeon, and some types of shark.


kacek

From Javanese ꦏꦕꦺꦏ꧀ (kacék, “different; superior”).


karlak

From Dutch kakkerlak (“contemptible person”, literally “cockroach”), lacker (“talker, freeloader”).


kangka

From Chinese Hokkien 港跤 (káng-kha, “port”).


nampak

Back-formation from penampakan, or nasalization of tampak. Probably inherited from Malay. Occurred in some Malay dialects.

Nonstandard form of tampak (“to be visible”).


risalah

From Malay risalah, from Arabic رِسَالَة (risāla, “message, letter”).


Maoisme

Abimael Guzmán adalah seorang pengikut Maoisme.
Abimael Guzmán is an adherent of Maoism.


erupsi

From Dutch eruptie, from Middle French éruption, from Latin eruptiō.

(geology) a violent ejection, such as the spurting out of lava from a volcano.

(dermatology) an infection of the skin resulting in a rash or blemishing.


destinasi

From Dutch destinatie, from French destination, from Latin dēstinātiō, from dēstinō (“to destine”).

Destinasi wisata ditutup sementara jika melanggar prokes.

Tourist destination will be temporary closed if it broke the health protocol.

destination: the place set for the end of a journey, or to which something is sent; place or point aimed at.


jurus

stance: the manner, pose, or posture in which one stands.


transkrip

From Dutch transcript, from Latin transcriptum, from transcribere.

transcript: something which has been transcribed; a writing or composition consisting of the same words as the original; a written copy.

(education) transcript of academic record; diploma supplement.


ilmu perbintangan

Compound of ilmu + perbintangan, calque of Dutch sterrenkunde (“astronomy”).


dandang

From Malay dandang, from Proto-Malayic *dandaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daŋdaŋ. Assimilation from *-ŋd- to *-nd- occurred, compare pandan ← Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paŋdan (the expected outcomes would be *dangdang and *pangdan).


hilir

Inherited from Malay hilir, from Classical Malay هيلير (hilir), from Proto-Malayic *hilir, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiliʀ.


emper

overhang (portion of the roof structure)


pemerintah pusat

Compound of pemerintah (“government”) + pusat (“central”).

com

(politics, government) central government: the highest level of government in a unitary state.


samsat

abbreviation of sistem administrasi manunggal satu atap (“one-stop service administration system”, literally “one-roof integrated administration system”).

one-stop integrated service, synonym of pelayanan terpadu satu pintu (“one-stop integrated service”, literally “one-door integrated service”).

an integrated one-stop service administration system in Indonesia for motor vehicle registration and licensing between police, provincial revenue service, and motor vehicle injury insurance company.

(colloquial) motor vehicle registration, vehicle licensing.


hak asasi manusia

Compound of hak (“right”) + asasi (“basic”) + manusia (“human”). Compare to Japanese 基本的人権(きほんてきじんけん) (kihontekijinken, literally “basic human right”) and Chinese 基本人權／基本人权.

ja-r

(law) human right: a basic right that all humans should be guaranteed by virtue of them being a human.


bijan

Affixed bija (“seed”) + -an, from Malay bijan. Doublet of bijian and wijen.


sastra klasik

(literature) pre-European contact literature.


identifikasi

From Dutch identificatie, from French identification.


jilid

From Malay jilid, from Classical Persian جلد (jild, “volume”, literally “binding”), from Arabic جِلْد (jild, “skin; hide; leather”).


denotasi

From Dutch denotatie, from French dénotation, from Latin denotatio.

(logic, linguistics, semiotics) denotation: The primary, surface, literal, or explicit meaning of a signifier such as a word, phrase, or symbol; that which a word denotes, as contrasted with its connotation; the aggregate or set of objects of which a word may be predicated.


dasarian

Blend of dasa- (“ten”) + harian (“daily”).


tangan jahat

Compound of tangan (“hand”) + jahat (“evil”).


manajemen data

Compound of manajemen + data, calque of English data management.

data management: all the disciplines related to managing data as a valuable resource, such as data modeling or metadata management.


pengujian inkremental

Compound of pengujian + inkremental, calque of English incremental testing.


mengeja

head

mêngèja (base/imperative/colloquial eja, active mengeja, passive dieja)

mêngèja (canonical)
mengeja (active)
dieja (passive)

to spell: to read (something) as though letter by letter; to peruse slowly or with effort.


nilai etik

ethical value: the degree of importance of something or action, with the aim of determining what actions are best to do or what way is best to live, or to describe the significance of different actions


menyepel

mênyêpèl (base/imperative/colloquial sepel, active menyepel, passive disepel)

mênyêpèl (canonical)
menyepel (active)
disepel (passive)

(colloquial) to spell: to read (something) as though letter by letter; to peruse slowly or with effort.


ayam ketawa

ayam + ketawa. From the stuttering crows the breed's roosters make that sound like laughter.

a breed of chicken from Sulawesi known for its distinctive crow.


ayam katik

(obsolete) Alternative spelling of ayam katai (“bantam chicken”)


analekta

From Ancient Greek ἀνάλεκτα (análekta, “things chosen”), from ἀνα- (ana-, “up”) + λέγω (légō, “I gather”).


Datu

Borrowed from Bima Datu. Doublet of datu. Cognate to Old Malay dātu.

(Bima) a title for noblemen of Bima people (indigenous of the Bima island) who are the descendant of ancient monarchs in Bima island.


monumen

From Dutch monument, from Latin monumentum.

monument: an important site owned by the community as a whole.


dewan mahasiswa

(education) students' union: student organization to provide services to students, especially of higher education.


lintah darat

(figurative) bloodsucker, loan shark, profiteer, usurer.


marhaen

Arabic مرهاءين


transliterasi

Affixed trans- + literasi, from Dutch transliteratie.


marhaenis

→ English: Marhaenist


marhaenisme

→ English: Marhaenism


nyiru

From Malay nyiru, from Classical Malay ڽيرو (nyiru), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *niʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀinu. Compare Cebuano nigo.


bodok

Inherited from Malay bodok, from Javanese budhug.


purbawisesa

Compound of purba- + wisesa, from Javanese ꦥꦸꦂꦧꦮꦶꦱꦺꦱ (purbawisésa, “dominance; power”, literally “prime abundant”), from Old Javanese pūrwa (“prominent; first”) + wiśeṣa (“eminent, excellent; supreme”), from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva) + विशेष (viśeṣa).

com

पूर्व (pūrva) + विशेष (viśeṣa)


langsuir

Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦶꦁꦱꦶꦂ (lingsir, “sunset, fall”), inherited from Old Javanese lingsir (“slide down”).

bor

A hollowed-back female ghost in Indonesian (Javanese) mythology usually appears since the sunset began until the dawn. Sometimes, it could appear as a Javan hawk-eagle entity.


konfigurasi

From Dutch configuratie, from Latin cōnfigūrātiō.

form; figure; form factor: as depending on the relative disposition of the parts of a thing's shape.

(chemistry, physics) the arrangement of electrons in an atom, molecule, or other physical structure like a crystal.

(algebra) a finite set of points and lines (and sometimes planes), generally with equal numbers of points per line and equal numbers of lines per point.


wisesa

From Malay wisesa, from Javanese ꦮꦶꦱꦺꦱ (wisésa, “authority”), from Old Javanese wiśeṣa (“eminent, excellent; supreme”), from Sanskrit विशेष (viśeṣa).


klasifikasi

From Dutch classificatie, from French classification.


krupuk udang

id-noun

krupuk udang (plural krupuk-krupuk udang)


keropok

From Javanese ꦏꦿꦸꦥꦸꦏ꧀ (krupuk), from Old Javanese kěrupuk (“crunchy flake”). Doublet of kerupuk.


kerupuk udang

Compound of kerupuk (“crackers”) + udang (“prawn, shrimp”), from Calque of Javanese ꦏꦿꦸꦥꦸꦏ꧀ꦲꦸꦫꦁ (krupuk hurang). Cognate of Malay keropok udang.

clq

prawn crackers originally from Javanese cuisine.


anjungan tunai mandiri

id-noun

anjungan tunai mandiri (plural anjungan-anjungan tunai mandiri)

anjungan-anjungan tunai mandiri (plural)

Compound of anjungan (“platform; pavilion”) + tunai (“cash”) + mandiri (“autonomous; independent”), literally “autonomous cash platform”, a phono-semantic matching of English automated teller machine. Coined by Komisi Istilah.

psm

automated teller machine
automated teller machine

automated teller machine (a device that provides bank customers without a human teller)


kerupuk

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦿꦸꦥꦸꦏ꧀ (krupuk), from Old Javanese kěrupuk (“crunchy flake”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka- + *rupuk (“crack”), probably onomatopoeic. Cognate with Malay keropok, Tagalog kropek. Doublet of keropok.

krupuk (prawn crackers, or any other deep-fried crackers from Indonesian (Javanese) cuisine)


wewara

Reduplication of wara, from Javanese ꦮꦫꦮꦫ (wara-wara, “public announcement, proclamation”), from Old Javanese warah-warah (“communication, information, report, instruction, teaching”).


moda raya terpadu

id-noun

moda raya terpadu (plural moda-moda raya terpadu)

Compound of moda (“means; mode”) + raya (“great”) + terpadu (“integrated”), a phono-semantic matching of English mass rapid transit. Coined by Komisi Istilah.


peninjau

Para peninjau dari luar negeri kagum atas hasil pembangunan yang telah dicapai oleh bangsa kita

The observers from abroad amazed by the development of our nation

observer: one who makes observations, monitors or takes notice


pembuluh darah

id-noun

pembuluh darah (plural pembuluh-pembuluh darah)

Compound of pembuluh (“vessel”) + darah (“blood”), calque of Dutch bloedvat (“blood vessel”). The sense in anatomy was coined by Komisi Istilah to translate English vein.

clq

(anatomy) blood vessel: a component of the circulatory system, such as an artery, capillary, or vein, that carries blood.


Bima

Borrowed from Bima bima; derived from imbi (“believe; trust; faith”) + ruma (“God”).

compound

(ethnology) The indigenous people native to Bima region in Sumbawa island, West Nusa Tenggara province.

(linguistic) The native language of Bima people.

(geography) The region in Sumbawa island.

(administrative) The kabupaten (“regency”) in northeast and eastern hemisphere of Sumbawa island.


sanggul

From Malay sanggul, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saŋgul.


cemani

Borrowed from Javanese ꦕꦼꦩꦤꦶ (cemani, “pure black”).

bor+

cemani:


etos

Borrowed from Dutch ethos (“ethos”), from Ancient Greek ἦθος (êthos, “character; custom, habit”).


l'art pour l'art

Unadapted borrowing from French l’art pour l’art (“art for art's sake”).


persentase

Reconstructed from persen + -ase, borrowed from Dutch percentage.

percentage: the amount, number or rate of something, regarded as part of a total of 100; a part of a whole.


spionase

Reconstructed from spion + -ase, from Dutch spionage, from French espionnage.


konsekuensi

Affixed konsekuen + -si, from Dutch consequentie, from Latin cōnsequentia.


inefisiensi

Affixed in- + efisien + -si, from Dutch inefficiëntie.


kabotase

From Dutch cabotage, from French cabotage.

(law) cabotage: the right to engage in transport of goods or passengers between two points in the same country.


betonisasi

Affixed beton (“concrete”) + -isasi, compare to French bétonisation, bétonnisation (“excessive urbanisation”).


kolase

From Dutch collage, from French collage.

a composite object or collection (abstract or concrete) created by the assemblage of various media; especially for a work of art such as text, film, etc.

the technique of producing a work of art of this kind.


etalase

From Dutch etalage, from French étalage, from Middle French [Term?], from Medieval Latin stallagium.


intervensi

From Dutch interventie, from Latin interventiō, from interveniō (“I intervene, come between”).


anjungan

pavilion (structure erected to house exhibits at a fair, etc.)

(computing) platform (computer system used to deliver services to clients)


tonase

Affixed ton + -ase, from Dutch tonnage, from Middle French tonnage.

the capacity of a ship's hold etc in units of 100 cubic feet.

the number of tons of water that a floating ship displaces.


gula rafinasi

refined sugar: raw sugar that has undergone a refining process to remove the molasses.


kinerja

performance: the amount of useful work accomplished estimated in terms of time needed, resources used, etc.


introduksi

From Dutch introductie, from French introduction, from Latin intrōductiō.

introduction:
the act or process of introducing.

a means, such as a personal letter, of presenting one person to another.

an initial section of a book or article, which introduces the subject material.


kata serapan

Compound of kata (“word”) + serapan (“absorbed, penetrated”), calque of Arabic لفظ دخيل (lafz dakhil, “loanword”, literally “penetrating word”)

clq

Kata "keju" itu sendiri merupakan kata serapan.


otoritas nasional

(government, politics) national authority.


ruang muatan

Compound of ruang + muatan, calque of Dutch scheepsruim.

(nautical) cargo hold: a hold on a ship (a ship's hold includes the forehold and stern hold), used to store cargo during a voyage.


kompleksitas siklomatik

Compound of kompleksitas + *siklomatik, from English cyclomatic complexity.

cyclomatic complexity
cyclomatic complexity


listrik statis

Compound of listrik + statis, calque of Dutch statische elektriciteit (“static electricity”).


kompleksitas

Affixed kompleks + -itas. Displaced earlier loanword kompleksitet from Dutch complexiteit.


muatan

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry, physics) an electric charge.


abstraksi

Internationalism, affixed abstrak + -si, from Dutch abstractie, from Middle French abstraction, from Latin abstractiō.

the act of abstracting, separating, withdrawing, or taking away; withdrawal; the state of being taken away.

(psychology) preoccupation: absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present objects.

(computing) any generalization technique that ignores or hides details to capture some kind of commonality between different instances for the purpose of controlling the intellectual complexity of engineered systems, particularly software systems.


madah

From Malay madah, from Arabic مَدْح (madḥ, “praise, tell”).


madah

maddah: An Arabic diacritic; In the Qur'an, it indicates an extra long vowel and can appear over any long vowel.


proteolisis

(biochemistry) proteolysis: the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids, especially as part of the digestion of food.


kecebong

/kəˈt͡ʃɛ.bɔŋ/

Borrowed from Betawi kecebong. Doublet of cebong.


kapitalisasi

Affixed kapital + -isasi, from Dutch kapitalisatie.

choice of case (when writing a word); the act or process of writing a word in a particular case.

the act or process of seizing (an opportunity) and profiting or obtaining an advantage (from it).

(business) an issue of shares by a company known as a rights issue or bonus issue.

capitalisation, capitalization:
the state of being capitalised.
the state of having a particular case.


kapita selekta

From Dutch capita selecta, from Latin capita selecta (literally “selected paragraph/section”).

der

(education) selected important (compare to anthology) scientific publication


HTS

hubungan tanpa status
hubungan tanpa status#Indonesian

Initialism of hubungan tanpa status (“situationship”, literally “no label relationship”).


pekerja seks komersial

id-noun

pekerja seks komersial (plural pekerja-pekerja seks komersial)

Compound from pekerja (“worker”) + seks (“sex”) + komersial (“commercial”), literally “commercial sex worker”.


jeriji

Inherited from Malay jeriji. Cognate to Balinese ᬚ᭄ᬭᬶᬚᬶ (jriji, “finger”), Javanese ꦢꦿꦶꦗꦶ (driji, “finger”).


komputasi

Affixed *komputa + -si, from English computation (regularized as Dutch computatie loanword), from Middle French computation, from Latin computatiō, from computare (“sum up, reckon, compute”).

(computing science) the use of a computer or computers.

computing:
the use of a computer or computers.

the study of computers and computer programming.


afidavit

Borrowed from Dutch affidavit, from Medieval Latin affidavit (“he has sworn”).

der

(law, literal) affidavit: a signed document wherein an affiant makes a sworn statement.

(government, specifically) the form of immigration facilities provided to a child holding a foreign passport who has limited dual citizenship in the form of a sticker containing a valid explanation regarding the child's limited dual citizenship status and is affixed to the child's foreign passport, when entering Indonesia are exempt from the obligation to have a visa, immigration permit and re-entry permit.


rica-rica

(cooking) rica-rica: a type of Southeast Asian hot and spicy bumbu (spice mixture) found in Manado cuisine of North Sulawesi, Indonesia.


sahang

From Malay sahang, from Old Javanese sahaṅ (“pepper”).

(Kalimantan) black pepper (Piper nigrum):


diagnosis diferensial

Compound of diagnosis + diferensial, calque of Dutch differentiële diagnose.

differential diagnosis
differential diagnosis#English


diagnosis pembanding

Compound of diagnosis + pembanding, calque of Dutch differentiële diagnose.


hipoglikemia

(pathology) hypoglycemia: a too low level of blood glucose.


hematuri

From Dutch hematurie, from French hématurie.

(pathology) hematuria, haematuria: the presence of blood in the urine


sinkop

From Dutch syncope, from Ancient Greek συγκοπή (sunkopḗ). Doublet of sinkopé.

(pathology) syncope: a loss of consciousness when someone faints.


ginekomastia

Compare English gynecomastia and Dutch gynaecomastie.

(pathology) gynecomastia, gynaecomastia: excessive development of breasts in males, resembling the breast development in women.


renjatan

shock: a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.


diagnosis banding

Compound of diagnosis + banding, calque of Dutch differentiële diagnose.

(medicine, colloquial) differential diagnosis.


perawatan

(medicine) nursing: the process or profession of caring for patients as a nurse.


rawat inap

Compound of rawat (“care”) + inap (“to stay”), calque of Dutch intramurale zorg (literally “inpatient care”).

clq

(healthcare) inpatient care: medical care of patients whose condition requires admission to a hospital.


rawat jalan

Compound of rawat (“care”) + jalan (“walk”), calque of Dutch ambulante zorg (literally “ambulatory care”).

(healthcare) ambulatory care, outpatient care: medical care provided on an outpatient basis, including diagnosis, observation, consultation, treatment, intervention, and rehabilitation services.


rawatan

Affixed rawat + -an, from Malay rawatan.

care: the object of watchful attention or anxiety.


sinkope

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek συγκοπή (sunkopḗ). Doublet of sinkop.

lbor

(linguistics, phonology, prosody) syncope: the loss or elision of a sound, from the interior of a word, especially of a vowel sound with loss of a syllable.


latar belakang

Compound of latar (“(back)yard”) + belakang (“back”), calque of Dutch achtergrond (“background”).

clq

context: a part of the picture that depicts scenery to the rear or behind the main subject.

history: information relevant to the current situation about past events.

background music: any music in a film, video game or other medium that establishes mood and is not meant to have the audience's focus.


pelat merah

Compound of pelat (“plate”) + merah (“red”).

Pelat merah adalah nomor pelat kendaraan yang berdasar merah sebagai tanda kendaraan pemerintah.

Red plate is license plate with red background for government motor vehicle.

license plate with red background for government motor vehicle in Indonesia


silinder

From Dutch cilinder, from French cylindre or directly from Latin cylindrus (“roller, cylinder”), from Ancient Greek κύλινδρος (kúlindros, “a cylinder, roller, roll”), from κυλίνδω (kulíndō, “to roll”).

der

(geometry) a surface created by projecting a closed two-dimensional curve along an axis intersecting the plane of the curve; a solid figure bounded by a cylinder and two parallel planes intersecting the cylinder.

any object in the form of a circular cylinder.


juruh

From Malay juruh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zuʀuq. Doublet of duh.


pangsa

From Malay pangsa, from Sanskrit अंश (aṃśa).

share: a portion of something, especially a portion given or allotted to someone.


NIK

(government) initialism of nomor induk kependudukan (“resident registration number”).


kependudukan

Circumfixed penduduk + ke- -an or duduk + ke- -an + peng-, calque of Dutch bevolkingsleer (“demography”).

clq

demography: the study of the characteristics of human populations, especially with regards to their makeup and fluctuations and the social causes behind these.

residency: the condition of being a resident of a particular place.


apartemen

From Dutch appartement, from French appartement, from Italian appartamento, from Spanish apartamiento.


encek

From Malay encik, likely from Hokkien 引叔 (ín-chek, “uncle”).

term of address for an adult Chinese man


encek

winnow of bamboo wickerwork (covered with a piece of white cloth, for offerings).


tahun akademi

Compound of tahun (“year”) + akademi (“academy”), calque of English academic year.


personalisasi

Affixed personal + -isasi, from Dutch personalisatie.

personalization, personalisation: the act of personalizing something, or adapting it for somebody's needs or tastes.


tilik

From Malay tilik.
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦠꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀ (tilik, “visit”)

sl

(dialect) visitation: the act of visiting, or an instance of being visited


daftar tilik

Compound of daftar (“list”) + tilik (“check”), calque of English checklist.


daftar periksa

daftar (“list”) + periksa (“check”), calque of English checklist.


par avion

Unadapted borrowing from French par avion (“by plane”).


koskap

(medicine, colloquial) (part of) clinical clerkship, clinical rotation: period of medical education in which students – medical, nursing, dental, or otherwise – practice medicine under the supervision of a health practitioner.


kelenjar adrenal

Compound of kelenjar (“gland”) + adrenal (“adrenal”).

com+

adrenal gland (in mammals, either of a pair of complex endocrine glands, situated above each kidney, secreting hormones which control the heart rate, blood pressure, and metabolism)


toko buku

toko (“shop; store”) + buku (“book”) Calque of Dutch boekwinkel (“bookshop; bookstore”)


rawan

(anatomy) ellipsis of tulang rawan (“cartilage”).


rawan

From Urdu رواں (ravāṅ', “to set agoing”), from Persian روان (ravân, “flowing”).

takhta rawan


buaya darat

Compound of buaya (“crocodile”) + darat (“land”).


mertua

Inherited from Malay mertua, from Javanese ꦩꦫꦠꦸꦮ (maratuwa).


rujukan

Affixed rujuk + -an, from Malay rujukan.

additional information or context about.

reference: a measurement one can compare to; a previously published written work thus indicated.

(healthcare) referral, referring: the act or process of transferring someone or something to another, of sending by reference.


tulang rawan

Compound of tulang (“bone”) + rawan (“fragile; young, smooth”). Compare to Chinese 軟骨／软骨 (ruǎngǔ, “cartilage”, literally “soft; weak + bone”) and Dutch kraakbeen (literally “crack bone”).

cog

(anatomy) cartilage: A usually translucent and somewhat elastic, dense, nonvascular connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos, being replaced by bone during ossification in the higher vertebrates.


wahah

From Malay wahah, from Arabic واحة (wāḥa), from Coptic ⲟⲩⲁϩⲓ (ouahi), from Demotic wḥj, from Egyptian G43-V28-G1-X1:N25 (wḥꜣt). Doublet of oasis.

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">wḥꜣt</i>


rujuk

From Malay rujuk, from Arabic رُجُوع (rujūʕ, “return; answer; reference”).

reconciliation: the re-establishment of friendly relations; conciliation, rapprochement.


plester

From Dutch pleister, from Middle Dutch plaester, from Old French plastre, from Latin plastrum, from emplastrum, from Ancient Greek ἔμπλαστρον (émplastron), from ἔμπλαστον (émplaston).

render, stucco: a mixture of lime or gypsum, sand, and water, sometimes with the addition of fibres, that hardens to a smooth solid and is used for coating walls and ceilings.


perlak

waterproof: cloth made waterproof, or any article made of such cloth, or of other waterproof material, as rubber; especially, an outer garment made of such material.


keram

From Dutch kramp, from Middle Dutch crampe, from Old Dutch *crampo, from Frankish *krampa, from Proto-Germanic *krampô, related to *krampō.

cramp: a painful contraction of a muscle which cannot be controlled.


rekomendasi

rékomèndasi (canonical)
rekomendasi-rekomendasi (plural)

From Dutch recommandatie, from Medieval Latin recommendatio.

recommendation: an act of recommending; that which is recommended.

Pemerintah menyetujui rekomendasi DPR tentang kenaikan gaji pegawai negeri

The government approves the DPR's recommendation on the increasing of public servants' wages.

a suggestion or proposal about the best course of action.


widyaprada

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit विद्या (vidyā, “knowledge, science, scholarship”) + प्रद (prada, “granting”).


perhimpunan

pêrhimpunan (canonical)
perhimpunan-perhimpunan (plural)


buku ajar

Compound of buku + ajar, probably calque from Chinese 課本／课本 (“textbook”, literally “lesson book”).


olah

Inherited from Malay olah, further etymology is unknown.. The verbal sense is perhaps a semantic loan from Javanese ꦲꦺꦴꦭꦃ (olah, “to prepare”, literally “to practice”).

sl

manner, action, act; especially of something bad


SJSN

jaminan sosial
jaminan sosial#Indonesian

(government) initialism of sistem jaminan sosial nasional (“national social security system”).


jaminan

Affixed jamin + -an, from Malay jaminan.


ujaran kebencian

Compound of ujaran (“speech”) + kebencian (“hatred”), calque of English hate speech.

com

hate speech: speech that attacks or disparages a person or group of persons on the basis of origin, race, nationality, ethnicity, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or disability.


barongan

Affixed barong + -an, from Javanese ꦧꦫꦺꦴꦔꦤ꧀ (barongan).


jaminan sosial

Compound of jaminan (“security”) + sosial (“social”), calque of English social security.


SPO

standar prosedur operasi
standar prosedur operasi#Indonesian

standard operating procedure
standard operating procedure

Initialism of standar prosedur operasi (“standard operating procedure”).


pelaburan

whitewashing, resurfacing, specifically the application of whitewash, a lime and water mixture for painting walls and fences bright white.


jatah

From Malay jatah. From Sanskrit [Term?].

ration: a portion of some limited resource allocated to a person or group.


meja hijau

Compound of meja (“table; desk”) + hijau (“green”).


rejimen

(medicine) regimen: any regulation or remedy which is intended to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation.


alinyemen

From Dutch alignement, from French alignement.

Alinyemen horizontal merupakan sumbu proyeksi jalan pada bidang horizontal.

Horizontal alignment is road projection axis on horizontal plane.

(transport) alignment: the precise route or course taken by a linear way (road, railway, footpath, etc.) between two points.


pondok pesantren

pondok pesantren: a traditional Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia.


antrean

a line of people, vehicles or other objects, usually one to be dealt with in sequence (i.e., the one at the front end is dealt with first, the one behind is dealt with next, and so on), and which newcomers join at the opposite end (the back).

a waiting list or other means of organizing people or objects into a first-come-first-served order.

(computing) a data structure in which objects are added to one end, called the tail, and removed from the other, called the head (in the case of a FIFO queue), which the term can also refer to a LIFO queue or stack where these ends coincide.


navigasi

Borrowed from Dutch navigatie, ultimately derived from Latin nāvigātiō.

the theory, practice and technology of charting a course for a road vehicle, ship, aircraft, or spaceship.

traffic or travel by vessel, especially commercial shipping.

the act of accessing different components of the user interface of software.


mahakarya

Affixed maha- + karya, from Malay mahakarya, from Sanskrit महाकार्य (mahākārya).


pelepah

pêlêpah (canonical)
pelepah-pelepah (plural)

Inherited from Malay pelepah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *palaqpaq (“midrib of coconut leaf”).


statif

Borrowed from Dutch statief, from Latin statīvus (“stationary; permanent”).

der

Ujung yang lain ikatkan pada tiang statif yang lain.

The other end is tied to another retort stand.

(chemistry) retort stand, clamp stand, ring stand, or support stand: a piece of scientific equipment intended to support other pieces of equipment and glassware — for instance, burettes, test tubes and flasks.

Kalimat statif adalah kalimat yang predikatnya bukan merupakan verba aktif.

A stative sentence is a sentence whose predicate is not an active verb

(grammar) stative: a construct asserting that a subject has a particular property.


formatif

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch formatief, from Middle French formatif.

(grammar) formative: A language unit that has morphological function.


legalitas

lègalitas (canonical)
legalitas-legalitas (plural)

Affixed legal + -itas, a learned borrowing from Medieval Latin lēgālitas, from Latin lēgālis.


setruk

[sət̪̚ˈrʊk̚]

strip: (long, thin piece of any material)

(by extension, colloquial) receipt (proof of transaction)


derajat

From Malay darjah, derajat, from Classical Malay درجه (darjah), درجه (derajat), from Arabic دَرَجَات (darajāt), plural form of دَرَجَة (daraja, “degree”).

social standing: a stage of rank or privilege.

(education) a stage of proficiency or qualification in a course of study, now especially an award bestowed by a university or, in some countries, a college, as a certification of academic achievement.

(geometry) a unit of measurement of angle equal to ¹⁄₃₆₀ of a circle's circumference.

Suhu permukaan rata-rata planet ini telah meningkat sekitar 2 derajat Fahrenheit (1 derajat Celsius) sejak akhir abad ke-19.

This planet surface temperature has been increasing about 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1 degree Celcius) since end of 19th century.

(physics) a unit of measurement of temperature on any of several scales, such as Celsius or Fahrenheit.

(geography) a unit of measurement of latitude and longitude which together identify a location on the Earth's surface.

the amount that an entity possesses a certain property; relative intensity, extent.


beskap

From Javanese ꦧꦼꦱ꧀ꦏꦥ꧀ (beskap), probably from Dutch beschaafd (“cultured; courteous”).

Javanese formal men shirt: thick shirts, not folded collars, usually dark in color, but almost always plain.


kuantitas

Learned borrowing from Latin quantitās (“quantity”).


kereta api bawah tanah

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱers-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós
Proto-Celtic *karros
Gaulish *karrosbor.
Latin carrus
Old Catalan carro
Old Catalan -eta
Old Catalan carretabor.?
Old Galician-Portuguese carreta
Portuguese carretabor.
Malay kereta
Proto-Malayo-Chamic *apuy
Proto-Malayic *api
Malay api
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mej?
Chinese 火 (huǒ)
Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-
Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos
Proto-Tocharian *kuk(ä)lebor.?
Chinese 車 /车
Chinese 火車 /火车 (huǒchē)calq.
Malay kereta api
Indonesian kereta api
Proto-Malayic *bawah
Malay bawah
Indonesian bawah
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tanəq
Proto-Malayic *tanah
Malay tanah
Indonesian tanah
Middle English undergrounde
English undergroundcalq.
Indonesian bawah tanah
Chinese 地
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(k/g)la-k/j/tder.?
Chinese 下 (xià)
Chinese 地下
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hljak
Chinese 鐵 /铁 (tiě)
Chinese 格?
Chinese 路 (lù)
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ēsh₂r̥no-der.?
Proto-Celtic *īsarnombor.
Proto-Germanic *īsarną
Proto-West Germanic *īsarn
Old High German īsarn
Middle High German īsern
German Eisen
Middle High German ban
German Bahn
German Eisenbahncalq.
Chinese 鐵路 /铁路 (tiělù)
Chinese 地下鐵路 /地下铁路 (dìxià tiělù)calq.?
Japanese 地下
Japanese 鉄道
Japanese 地下鉄道calq.?
Indonesian kereta api bawah tanah
Compound of kereta api (“train”) + bawah tanah (“underground”), probably calque from Chinese 地下鐵路／地下铁路 or Japanese 地下鉄道(ちかてつどう) (chikatetsudō).


komoditas

Learned borrowing from Latin commoditās.


prospek

From Dutch prospect, from Latin prospectus.

prospect: the potential things that may come to pass, often favorable.


marsekal

From Dutch maarschalk (compare Afrikaans maarskalk), from Middle Dutch maerschalc, maerscalc, marscalc, from Old Dutch mariskalk, from Proto-West Germanic *marhaskalk (compare French maréchal), from Proto-Germanic *marhaz (“horse”) + *skalkaz (“servant, knight”).

(military) a military officer of the highest rank in several countries, including France and the former Soviet Union; equivalent to a general of the army in the United States


kongsian

(archaic) land tax applied to private land.


moluska

Learned borrowing from New Latin Mollusca.


petaram

From Tamil பத்திரம் (pattiram, “dagger”, literally “leaf”), from Sanskrit पत्त्र (pattra).


kotoran

Inherited from Malay kotoran. Equivalent to kotor (“dirty, filthy”) + -an.

dung, excrement (human and animal solid waste from the bowels)

filth, dirt (that which soils or defiles)


ekstradisi

From Dutch extraditie, French extradition, itself from Latin Latin ex- + traditio.

(law) extradition: a formal process by which a criminal suspect held by one government is handed over to another government for trial or, if the suspect has already been tried and found guilty, to serve his or her sentence.


bajak

bajak laut


antelas

antêlas (canonical)
antelas-antelas (plural)


cocok

From Javanese ꦕꦸꦕꦸꦏ꧀ (cucuk, “beak, bill; pouring spout”), from Old Javanese cucuk (“(pointed) beak, bill, sharp point”) or Sundanese ᮎᮥᮎᮥᮊ᮪ (cucuk, “thorn”).
Doublet of cucuk.

der

[ˈt͡ʃot͡ʃɔk̚]


beledu

From Portuguese veludo, from Spanish velludo, from Catalan vellut, from Late Latin villutus, from Latin villus (“hair”).

(archaic) velvet: A closely woven fabric (originally of silk, now also of cotton or man-made fibres) with a thick short pile on one side.


beludru

Inherited from Malay beludru, a variant of baldu, from Portuguese veludo.

velvet: a closely woven fabric (originally of silk, now also of cotton or man-made fibres) with a thick short pile on one side.


abatoar

From Dutch abattoir, from French abattoir.

(Standard Malay)


abnormalitas

From abnormal + -itas, modelled after English abnormality.

abnormality (the state of being abnormal)


absenteisme

From Dutch absenteïsme, from French absentéisme, from English absenteeism. Equivalent to absente + -isme.

absenteeism (the practice of absenting oneself from the country or district where one's estate is situated)


andewi

From Dutch andijvie, from Middle Dutch endivie, from Old French endive, from Medieval Latin endivia, from Late Latin intibus, from Byzantine Greek ἔντυβον (éntubon). Cognate of Sundanese ᮃᮔ᮪ᮓᮦᮝᮤ (andéwi).


ablasi

→ Malay: ablasi

From Dutch ablatie, from French ablation, from Late Latin ablātiō (“a taking away”).

the progressive removal of material by any of a variety of processes such as melting or vaporization under heat or chipping.

(geology) the removal of a glacier by melting and evaporation; the lowering of a land surface by any of several means, as in wind erosion or mass wasting.

(meteorology) the depletion of surface snow and ice from a spacecraft or meteorite through melting and evaporation caused by friction with the atmosphere.

(surgery) the surgical removal of a body part, an organ, or especially a tumor.

(cardiology) ablation therapy using radio frequency waves on the heart is used to cure a variety of cardiac arrhythmiae.


abdikasi

→ Malay: abdikasi

From Dutch abdicatie, from French abdication, from Latin abdicātiō.


akademikus

From Dutch academicus, from Latin acadēmicus, from Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós).

academic, academician: senior member of an academy, college, or university.

academic: a person who attends an academy; a person engaged in scholarly pursuits.


aksep

From Dutch accept, from Latin acceptō, acceptāre (“receive”).

acceptance: an assent and engagement by the person on whom a bill of exchange is drawn, to pay it when due according to the terms of the acceptance; the bill of exchange itself when accepted.


aksentuasi

From Dutch accentuatie, from French accentuation, from Late Latin accentuatio.


absorpsi

From Dutch absorptie, from Late Latin absorptiō (“drink, beverage”), from absorbeō (“to absorb, swallow down”) + -tiō.

absorption (the act or process of absorbing or of being absorbed as)


aberasi

From Dutch aberratie, from French aberration, from Latin aberrationem, aberratio.


aksesi

From Dutch accessie, ultimately from Latin accessiō.

a coming to; the act of acceding and becoming joined


aksesibilitas

Learned borrowing from Late Latin accessibilitas, from Latin accessibilis.


aklamasi

From Dutch acclamatie, from Latin acclāmātiō, acclāmātiōnis (“calling, exclamation, shout of approval”), from acclamo (“shout approval or disapproval of, shout out at”), from ad (“toward”) + clamo (“cry out”).


akulturasi

From Dutch acculturatie, from French acculturation.


akusatif

From Dutch accusatief, from Latin accūsātīvus.


akademisi

From Dutch academici, plural form of academicus, from Latin acadēmicus, from Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós).


akreditasi

From Dutch accreditatie, from French accréditation.

accreditation:
the giving of credentials.

(education) the granting of approval to an institution of higher learning by an official review board after the school has met certain requirements.


akumulasi

From Dutch accumulatie, from French accumulation, from Latin accumulātiō.


aktuaris

From Dutch actuaris, from Latin āctuārius (“copyist, account-keeper”), from āctus (“public business”).

actuary: a professional who calculates financial values associated with uncertain events subject to risk, such as insurance premiums or pension contributions.


aksidental

From English accidental, from Middle French accidentel, accidental, and their source, Late Latin accidēntālis.

(music) accidental: adjusted by one or two semitones, in temporary departure from the key signature.


meritokrasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch meritocratie (“meritocracy”).

bor+

(politics) meritocracy: rule by merit and talent; a type of society where wealth, income, and social status are assigned through competition.


adjudikasi

From Dutch adjudicatie, from Latin adiūdicātiō.


adendum

Learned borrowing from Latin addendum, accusative gerund of addō.

especially text added as an appendix or supplement to a document.


afinitas

a natural attraction or feeling of kinship to a person or thing.

(chemistry) an attractive force between atoms, or groups of atoms, that contributes towards their forming bonds.

(immunology) the attraction between an antibody and an antigen.


agregasi

From Dutch aggregatie, from Latin aggregātiō.

the act of collecting together (aggregating).

aggregation:
(biology) any gathering of organisms.

aggregation:
any gathering of organisms.

(networking) summarizing multiple routes into one route.


advertensi

From Dutch advertentie, ultimately from Latin advertentia.


afrodisiak

From English aphrodisiac, from Ancient Greek ἀφροδισιακός (aphrodisiakós, “venereal”), Ἀφροδίσιος (Aphrodísios, “pertaining to Aphrodite”).

der

ἀφροδισιακός

aphrodisiac: something, generally a food or drug, having arousing or intensifying sexual desire effect.


aglutinasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch agglutinatie, from French agglutination, from New Latin agglūtinātiō.

(biology) the clumping together of red blood cells or bacteria, usually in response to a particular antibody.

(linguistics) combination in which root words are united with little or no change of form or loss of meaning.


alienasi

From Dutch aliënatie, from Old French alienacion, from Latin aliēnātiō.

alienation:
the state of being alienated.

the transfer of property to another person.


adaptasi

From Dutch adaptatie, from French adaptation, from Medieval Latin adaptātiō, from Latin adaptō (“I fit, adjust, modify; I adapt, fit or adjust to”).

adaptation (the process of adapting something or becoming adapted to a situation)

(evolutionary theory) adaptation (the process or instance of an organism adapting to its environment)

adaptation (the process or result of adapting an artistic work from a different medium)


jerigen

[d͡ʒɛˈriɡɛn]

From Dutch jerrycan, from English jerrycan.


alternasi

From Dutch alternatie, from French alternation, from Latin alternatio.


alimentasi

From Dutch alimentatie, from French alimentation, from Latin alimentātiō.

alimentation: nourishment, as a process or as a substance.


aliterasi

From Dutch alliteratie, from New Latin allīterātiō, from allīterātus, from allīterō, from Latin ad (“to, towards, near”) and lītera (“a letter”).


alegori

From Dutch allegorie, from French allégorie, from Latin allegoria, from Ancient Greek ἀλληγορία (allēgoría).

(literature) allegory: a narrative in which a character, place, or event is used to deliver a broader message about real-world issues and occurrences.


amunisi

From Dutch ammunitie, from Middle French amunition, from Latin munire (“to equip”).

ammunition: articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, rockets, etc.


ambivalensi

From Dutch ambivalentie, from German ambivalent, from Latin ambi- (“in two ways”) + valeō (“be strong”).


amonia

From Dutch ammonia, from Latin sal ammoniacus (“salt of Amun, ammonium chloride”), named so because it was found near the temple of (Jupiter) Ammon in Egypt.


amortisasi

From Dutch amortisatie, perhaps an adapted borrowing from English amortization.

amortization (the reduction of loan principal over a series of payments)

amortization (the process of distributing asset cost)


andesit

(geology) andesite: a class of fine-grained intermediate igneous rock, of volcanic origin, containing mostly plagioclase feldspar.


tabuhan

Inherited from Classical Malay tabuhan, from Proto-Malayic *tabuhan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tabuqan. Doublet of tawon.


anotasi

From Dutch annotatie, from Latin annotātiōnem, accusative singular of annotātiō (“remark, annotation”).

annotation: a critical or explanatory commentary or analysis.


anteseden

an‧té‧sè‧dên

From Dutch antecedent, from French antécédent, from Latin antecēdēns (“go before”).

any thing that precedes another thing, especially the cause of the second thing.

(linguistics, grammar) A word, phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun.


antagonis

From Dutch antagonist, from Latin antagonista, from Ancient Greek ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs, “opponent”) (ἀντί (antí, “against”) + ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs, “a combatant, pleader, actor”)), from ἀνταγωνίζομαι (antagōnízomai, “antagonize”).

ἀνταγωνιστής

(biochemistry, medicine, pharmacology) a chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of agonist chemicals.

(literature) the main character or force opposing the protagonist in a literary work or drama.

(anatomy) a muscle that acts in opposition to another.


antihistamina

Affixed anti- + histamina, from Dutch antihistamine.


antikuariat

From Dutch antiquariaat, from German Antiquariat.


apikultur

From Dutch apicultuur, from French apiculture.


apopleksi

From Dutch apoplexie, from Late Latin apoplexia, from Ancient Greek ἀποπληξία (apoplēxía).


akuakultur

From Dutch aquacultuur, from French aquaculture.


akuaduk

Borrowed from Dutch aquaduct, from Latin aquaeductus (“conveyance of water”), from aqua (“water”) + dūcō (“I lead”, “I bring”).

An artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another.

A structure carrying water over a river or depression, especially in regards to ancient aqueducts.

(anatomy) A structure conveying fluid, such as the cerebral aqueduct or vestibular aqueduct.


aposisi

From Dutch appositie, from Middle French apposition, from Latin appositiō.


akuarel

From Dutch aquarel, from French aquarelle, from obsolete Italian acquarella (modern acquerello).


apersepsi

From Dutch apperceptie, from French aperception (New Latin apperceptiō, used by Gottfried Leibnitz (1646–1716)).


apresiasi

From Dutch appreciatie, from French appréciation.

a fair valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; recognition of excellence

appreciation:
accurate perception; true estimation


arsiparis

From Dutch archivaris, archivarius, from Latin archivarius.


arestasi

From Dutch arrestatie, from Middle Dutch [Term?], from Middle French arrestation.

arrest (the act of arresting a criminal, suspect etc.)


argumentasi

From Dutch argumentatie, from French argumentation, from Latin argūmentātiō.


aristokrasi

From Dutch aristocratie, from French aristocratie, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀριστοκρατίᾱ (aristokratíā, “aristocracy”, literally “government by the best”).

ἀριστοκρατίᾱ

the nobility, or the hereditary ruling class.

government by such a class, or a state with such a government.


aransemen

From Dutch arrangement, from French arrangement.

(music) arrangement: an adaptation of a piece of music for other instruments, or in another style.


asbes

From Dutch asbest, from Middle Dutch asbeston, from Latin asbestos, from Ancient Greek ἄσβεστος (ásbestos).


artikulasi

From Dutch articulatie, from French articulation, from Latin articulātiō.

(anatomy) the location at which two or more bones make contact.

(botany) a joint between two separable parts, as a leaf and a stem

(Standard Malay)

(linguistics) the manner in which a phoneme is pronounced.


aspirasi

From Dutch aspiratie, from French aspiration, from Latin aspiratio.

the act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).

(linguistics) a burst of air that follows the release of some consonants.

(medicine) the action of aspirating (a sample of fluid, tissue, or other substance that is withdrawn from a body cavity, cyst, or tumor).


asonansi

From Dutch assonantie, from French assonance, from Latin assonāre.

(literature) assonance: the repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds (though with different consonants), usually in literature or poetry.


minyak goreng

Compound of minyak (“oil”) + goreng (“frying”).

cooking oil: plant, animal, or synthetic liquid fat used in frying, baking, and other types of cooking.


bengek

bêngèk (canonical)
bengek-bengek (plural)


arogansi

From Dutch arrogantie, from Middle Dutch arrogancien, ultimately from Latin arrogantia.


argumen

From Dutch argument, from French argument, from Latin argūmentum, from arguō (“prove, argue”).

reason: a fact or statement used to support a proposition.

(linguistics) any of the phrases that bears a syntactic connection to the verb of a clause.


atensi

From Dutch attentie, from French attention.


atribusi

From Dutch attributie, from Middle French attribution, from Latin attributio.


autentisitas

the quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original.

truthfulness of origins, attributions, commitments, sincerity, and intentions.


audiensi

audiènsi (canonical)
audiensi-audiensi (plural)

From Dutch audiëntie, from Middle Dutch audiencie, from Old French audience, from Latin audientia, from present participle audiens (“hearing”), from verb audio (“I hear”).


atraksi

From Dutch attractie, from Middle French attraction, from Old French attraction, from Latin attractio from past participle of attrahō (= ad + trahō).

an event, location, or business that has a tendency to draw interest from visitors, and in many cases, local residents.


audisi

From Dutch auditie, from French audition, from Latin audītiō.

a performance, by an aspiring performer, to demonstrate suitability or talent.


autoklaf

From Dutch autoclaaf, from French autoclave.

autoclave: a strong, pressurized, heated vessel, as for laboratory experiments, sterilization, cooking or mineral processing.


autodidak

From Dutch autodidact, from German Autodidakt.


otobus

From Dutch autobus, from English autobus or French autobus.


asurador

From Dutch assuradeur, probably from Spanish asegurador.


nocan

(slang, prostitution) prostitute phone number


bulu jagung

Acronym of bulu jagung (literally “corn silk”) refer to the pubic hair.

acronym

(slang, prostitution) teenage female prostitute


panlok

Acronym of panitia lokal (literally “local committee”)..


panlok

Acronym of panda lokal (literally “local panda”).

(slang, prostitution, pornography) beautiful Chinese-descendant female in Indonesia


pijat plus-plus

A massage with extra service(s), a happy ending (a hand job) or a sex after the massage


otopet

From Dutch autoped, from French autopède.


tata ruang

Compound of tata + ruang, calque of Dutch ruimtelijke ordening.

spatial planning: the methods and approaches used by the public and private sector to influence the distribution of people and activities in spaces of various scales.


bakarat

From Arabic بَكَارَة (bakāra, “virginity”).


bakarat

(card games) baccarat: a card game resembling chemin de fer with many forms - usually entailing the player(s) betting against two or three hands dealt - also bearing some similarities to blackjack.


uraian

urai + -an, from Malay huraian, uraian, from Classical Malay huraian, uraian.


kontingen

From Dutch contingent, from French contingent, from Latin contingēns.


bauksit

From Dutch bauxiet, from French bauxite, named after Les Baux.


barbir

From Dutch barbier, from Middle Dutch barbier, from Old French barbier, from barbe (“beard”), from Latin barba.

(colloquial) alternative spelling of barber (“barber”).


konselor

From Dutch counselor, from English counselor, from Old French conseillier, from Latin consiliator, agent noun from cōnsilior (“I take counsel”), from cōnsilium (“plan, council, wisdom, advice”).

(politics) a high ranking diplomat, usually just below an ambassador or minister.

a professional who counsels people, especially on personal problems.


biseps

From Dutch biceps, from Latin biceps (“two-headed”).

(anatomy) biceps: any two-headed muscle.


biodegradasi

Affixed bio- + degradasi, from Dutch biodegradatie.


barbiturat

(organic chemistry) any salt or ester of barbituric acid.

barbiturate:
any salt or ester of barbituric acid.

(pharmacology) any of derivatives of barbituric acid that act as depressants of the central nervous system and are used as sedatives or hypnotics.


dedak

Inherited from Malay dedak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəkdək (“pulverize, crush by pounding”) (compare Maguindanao dedek, Tagalog darak (“bran”) or Proto-Mon-Khmer *lʔək (“rice-bran”).

inh

bran: the broken coat of the seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain.


biofisika

Affixed bio- + fisika, from Dutch biofysica.


juru uang

[ˈd͡ʒuru ˈʊa̯ŋ]


biomedis

Affixed bio- + medis, from Dutch biomedisch, from English biomedical.


biopsi

From Dutch biopsie, from French biopsie, from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “life”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”).

(pathology) biopsy: the removal and examination of a sample of tissue, cells, or bodily fluid from a living body for diagnostic purposes.


kentang granola

id-noun

kentang granola (plural kentang-kentang granola)


kentang atlantik

kentang atlantik (plural kentang-kentang atlantik)


peluru kendali

peluru kendali (plural peluru-peluru kendali)

peluru (“bullet”) + kendali (“control”), literally “controlled bullet”.


bugenvil

From Dutch bougainville, from translingual Bougainvillea. Named after Louis Antoine de Bougainville.

(botany) bougainvillea, shrub of the genus Bougainvillea.

Louis Antoine de Bougainville
id:bugenvil


borjuasi

From Dutch bourgeoisie, from French bourgeoisie.


bombardemen

From Dutch bombardement, from French bombardement.


biosfer

Affixed bio- + sferis, from English biosphere.


karbol

From Dutch carbol (“disinfectant”, literally “phenol”).


kapiler

From Dutch capillair, from Latin capillāris (“pertaining to the hair”), from capillus (“the hair, properly of the head”), from caput (“head”).

der

(anatomy) Any of the small blood vessels (from 5 to 10 micrometres/micrometers (μm) in diameter) that connect arteries to veins (They are the smallest blood vessels in the body: they convey blood between the arterioles and venules).


kapabilitas

From English capability, with English affix -ity substituted with Indonesian -itas, itself a learned borrowing from Latin.


karbida

any binary compound of carbon and a more electropositive element.

(chemistry) carbide:
calcium carbide (CaC₂).


karoseri

From Dutch carrosserie, from French carrosserie.

body, coachwork, carrossery. (of a motorized vehicle)


kardiografi

From Dutch cardiografie, from French cardiographie.


korsel

From English carousel, from French carrousel, from Italian carosello, probably from carro (“cart”), from Latin carrus.


kastrasi

From Dutch castratie, from Latin castrātiō.

castration: emasculation by surgical removal of the testicles.


katekisasi

(Christianity) catechesis (religious instruction)


selebran

From Dutch celebrant, from French célébrant.

(Catholicism) celebrant: A person who officiates at a religious ceremony, especially a marriage or the Eucharist.


selebrasi

From Dutch celebratie, from French célébration, from Latin celebratio.


selofan

From Dutch cellofaan, from French cellophane.


seluloid

From Dutch celluloid, from English celluloid.


selibat

From Dutch celibaat, from French célibat, from Latin caelibātus (“celibacy, a single life”), perfect passive participle of caelibare, from caelebs (“unmarried”).


katekese

Borrowed from Dutch catechese, from Latin catēchēsis with subsequent influence of French catéchèse.


koreografer

From Malay koreografer, from English choreographer.


krisantemum

From Dutch chrysanthemum, from Latin chrysanthemum, from Ancient Greek χρῡσάνθεμον (khrūsánthemon, “Persian buttercup”).


simpanse

From Dutch chimpansee, from French chimpanzé, from an unspecified Bantu language of Angola.


selebritas

Learned borrowing from Latin celēbritās.


krisan

From Dutch chrysant, chrysanthemum, from Latin chrysanthemum, from Ancient Greek χρῡσάνθεμον (khrūsánthemon, “Persian buttercup”).

chrysanthemum: Any of many flowering perennial plants, of the genus Chrysanthemum, native to China, that have showy radiate heads.


klemensi

From Dutch clementie, from Latin clēmentia.


kredibilitas

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin credibilitas, from Latin credibilis.

lbor

reputation impacting one's ability to be believed.

(law) believability of statements by a witness, as measured by whether the testimony is probable or improbable when judged by common experience.


kapilaritas

capillarity: The interaction between the surfaces of a solid and liquid in contact that distorts the normal geometry of the liquid surface; especially the rise or fall of a liquid in a fine tube.


koasisten

(education, medicine) medical students in clinical clerkship phase.


koasistensi

(education, medicine) clinical clerkship phase.


koagulasi

From Dutch coagulatie, from Middle French coagulation, from Latin coagulatio, coagulationem.

The precipitation of suspended particles as they increase in size (by any of several physical or chemical processes).

(hematology) The process by which blood forms solid clots.

Similar solidification of other materials (e.g. of tofu).


kloset

From Dutch closet, from English closet, from Middle English closet, from Old French closet, from clos (“private space”) + -et (“forming diminutives”), from Latin clausum.


koedukasi

Affixed ko- + edukasi, from Dutch co-educatie.

(education) coeducation: the education of male and female students in the same institution.


koinsidensi

From Dutch coïncidentie, from French coïncidence.


kolumnis

From Dutch columnist, from English columnist.

columnist: A regular writer of a column, such as in a magazine or newspaper.


kolokasi

Affixed ko- + lokasi, from Dutch collocatie, from Latin collocātiō (“a putting together”).

(linguistics) collocation: The grouping or juxtaposition of things, especially words or sounds.

(linguistics, translation studies) A sequence of words or terms that co-occur more often than would be expected by chance (i.e., the statistically significant placement of particular words in a language), often representing an established name for, or idiomatic way of conveying, a particular semantic concept.


kompensasi

From Dutch compensatie, from Middle Dutch compensatie, from Old French compensation, from Latin compēnsātiō.

compensation:
the act or principle of compensating.

something which is regarded as an equivalent; something which compensates for loss.


kompilasi

From Dutch compilatie, from French compilation, from Latin compīlātiō, from compīlō + -tiō.

(uncountable) The act or process of compiling or gathering together from various sources.

(countable) That which is compiled; especially, a book or document composed of materials gathering from other books or documents.

(countable, uncountable, computing) Translation of source code into object code by a compiler.


komplikasi

From Dutch complicatie, from Middle French complication, from Latin complicatio, complicationem.

(medicine) A disease or diseases, or adventitious circumstances or conditions, coexistent with and modifying a primary disease, but not necessarily connected with it.

complexity: The state of being complicated; intricate or confused relation of parts.


komprehensi

From Dutch comprehensie, from Middle French compréhension, from Latin comprehensiō (“taking together”), from com- (“with, together”) + prehendō (“take”).


kolektivisme

kolèktivismê (canonical)
kolektivisme-kolektivisme (plural)

collectivism: an ideological system in which the means (of production) must be owned and controlled by people collectively.


koloid

From English colloid, from French colloïde, from Ancient Greek κόλλα (kólla, “glue”) + -oid.

(chemistry) A stable system of two phases, one of which is dispersed in the other in the form of very small droplets or particles.


kompos

From Dutch compost, from English compost, from Middle English compost, from Old Northern French compost (“mixture of leaves, manure, etc., for fertilizing land" also "condiment”), from Latin compositus (“composed”), from componere.


kompromi

From Dutch compromis, from Middle Dutch compromis, from Old French compromis, from Latin comprōmissum.


kompresi

From Dutch compressie, from Middle French compression, from Latin compressiō.

An increase in density; the act of compressing, or the state of being compressed.

(computing) The process by which data is compressed.


kompanyon

From Dutch compagnon, from French compagnon, from Old French compaignon, from Late Latin compāniō (literally “he with whom one shares one's bread”), from com- (“with”) + pānis (“bread”), first attested in the Frankish Lex Salica as a calque of a Germanic word represented by Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌰 (gahlaiba, “messmate”) from 𐌲𐌰- (ga-, “with”) + 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs, “bread”), Old High German galeipo, itself from Proto-Germanic *ga- (“togetherness”) + *hlaibaz (“loaf, bread”).


keandalan

(Standard Malay)

(Standard Malay)


kawalan

Affixed kawal + -an, from Malay kawalan.