pohon kehidupan

pohon kehidupan (plural pohon-pohon kehidupan)


asas pembenaran

criterion of verifiability
criterion of verifiability

criterion of verification
criterion of verification

principle of verifiability
principle of verifiability

principle of verification
principle of verification

verifiability criterion
verifiability criterion

verifiability principle
verifiability principle

verification criterion
verification criterion

verification principle
verification principle

(philosophy) criterion of verifiability, criterion of verification, principle of verifiability, principle of verification, verifiability criterion, verifiability principle, verification criterion, verification principle.


kejahatan kerah putih

Compound of kejahatan (“crime”) + kerah putih (“white-collar”), calque of English white-collar crime.


gerakan pemuda

id-noun

gerakan pemuda (plural gerakan-gerakan pemuda)


penjahat perang

penjahat perang (plural penjahat-penjahat perang)

Compound of penjahat (“criminal”) + perang (“war”).

(politics) war criminal: person guilty of one or more war crimes.


bilik suara

Compound of bilik (“booth”) + suara (“vote”).

(politics) polling booth, voting booth: a small enclosed compartment where a voter may register a vote in private; it may house some voting machine, or just have a pencil for marking a voting slip.


kerentanan

kêrêntanan (canonical)
kerentanan-kerentanan (plural)

(uncountable) the state of being vulnerable; susceptibility to attack or injury, either physical or emotional; the state or condition of being weak or poorly defended.

(countable) a specific weakness in the protections or defences surrounding someone or something.

(countable, computing) a weakness which allows an attacker to reduce a system's security.


bilik pemungutan suara

bilik pemungutan suara (plural bilik-bilik pemungutan suara)


etos kerja

Compound of etos + kerja, calque of Dutch werkethos.


negara kesejahteraan

negara kesejahteraan (plural negara-negara kesejahteraan)

Compound of negara + kesejahteraan, calque of English welfare state.

(politics) welfare state: a country in which a social system in which the state takes overall responsibility for the welfare of its citizens, providing health care, education, unemployment compensation and social security operates.


alat pemberi isyarat lalu lintas

alat pemberi isyarat lalu lintas (plural alat-alat pemberi isyarat lalu lintas)

alat-alat pemberi isyarat lalu lintas (plural)

Compound of alat (“tool, instrument”) + pemberi (“giver”) + isyarat (“sign”) + lalu lintas (“traffic”), probably calque from Japanese 交通信号機(こうつうしんごうき) (kōtsūshingōki).

ja-r

交通信号機(こうつうしんごうき) (kōtsūshingōki)

(legal term, transport) traffic light, stoplight.


hak pilih

Compound of hak + pilih. Coined coined by Komisi Istilah in 1954 to translate Dutch kiesrecht.


jam kerja

Compound of jam (“work”) + kerja (“hour”).

(law, management) working time, working hours


kelas menengah atas

id-noun

kelas menengah atas (plural kelas-kelas menengah atas)


validasi

Borrowed from Dutch validatie, from Middle French validation.


asuransi pengangguran

asuransi pengangguran (plural asuransi-asuransi pengangguran)

unemployment insurance
unemployment insurance

unemployment insurance: insurance against loss of earnings during the time that an able-bodied worker is involuntarily unemployed.


penyerahan tanpa syarat

unconditional surrender
unconditional surrender#English


keseragaman

kêsêragaman (canonical)
keseragaman-keseragaman (plural)


kesamaan

kêsamaan (canonical)
kesamaan-kesamaan (plural)

(mathematics) the fact of being equal, of having the same value.


tabel kebenaran

tabel kebenaran (plural tabel-tabel kebenaran)


sosialisme utopis

sosialisme utopis (plural sosialisme-sosialisme utopis)


utopianisme

(philosophy) utopianism: the belief in a system for an ideal society, usually regarded as unrealistic.


kebangunan

(rare) awakening, rise (the process of or an action or instance of coming to prominence)


pembangun

builder (a person who builds or constructs things)

(uncommon) nurturer (a person who nurtures someone or something)


mata-mataan

Affixation of mata + -an with reduplication at the base word.


pembujukan

(uncountable) persuasion (the act of persuading, or trying to do so; the addressing of arguments to someone with the intention of changing their mind or convincing them of a certain point of view, course of action etc.)


kemoedi

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of kemudi.


bujukan

persuasion (an argument or other statement intended to influence one's opinions or beliefs)


berkemoedi

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of berkemudi.


pembujuk

head

pêmbujuk (plural para pembujuk, pembujuk-pembujuk)

pêmbujuk (canonical)
para pembujuk (plural)
pembujuk-pembujuk (plural)

persuader (one who, or that which, persuades)


laporan kemajuan

id-noun

laporan kemajuan (plural laporan-laporan kemajuan)


juru terbang

(aviation) aviator, pilot: A person who is in charge of the controls of an aircraft.


pola pikir

Compound of pola (“pattern”) + pikir (“thinking”). Compare to Chinese 思維模式.


serantai

(uncommon) a (singular) row (a line of objects, often regularly spaced, such as seats in a theatre, vegetable plants in a garden, etc)


rantaian

(uncommon) series (a number of things that follow on one after the other or are connected one after the other)

(rare) a convicted person; a chained person


pembunuh berantai

Compound of pembunuh (“killer”) + berantai (“chained”), literally “chained killer”.

com+

serial killer (a person who commits multiple (more than two) murders, especially similar ones with no obvious motive over a period of time with a "cooling-off" period between each murder)


bentuk gelombang

id-noun

bentuk gelombang (plural bentuk-bentuk gelombang)

(mathematics, physics, engineering) waveform


panjang gelombang

panjang gelombang (plural panjang-panjang gelombang)


bujuk

an argument or other statement intended to influence one's opinions or beliefs

one's ability or power to influence someone's opinions or feelings


bujuk

(uncommon) forest snakehead (a species of snakehead)


pembelengguan

the process, method, or act of shackling


belengguan

(figuratively, uncommon) confinement (the state of being confined)


sulap

magic (illusion performed to give the appearance of magic or the supernatural)


keterkungkungan

(uncountable) shackled-ness (the state of being shackled)


pengungkungan

(uncountable) the process, method, or act of shackling


pemborgolan

the process, method, or act of handcuffing


warna nada

warna (“colour”) + nada (“tone”), calque of Dutch klankkleur (“timbre”).

The quality of a sound independent of its pitch and volume.

The pitch of a sound as heard by the ear, described relative to its absolute pitch.


penapisan

(chemistry, medicine, pharmacy) screening

chemical engineering
chemical engineering


metode ilmiah

scientific method
scientific method#English


permintaan

application (the act of applying as a means)

demand (the desire to purchase goods and services)

(economics) demand (the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing to buy at a particular price)


kesuksesan

Synonym of keberhasilan (“success, successfulness”)


penggantungan

the act of hanging a person (or oneself) by the neck in order to kill that person (or to commit suicide).

the way in which hangings (decorations) are arranged.

suspension: the act of suspending, or the state of being suspended.


pencerahan

Affixed cerah + peng- -an, calque of Dutch verlichting (“enlightenment”).

clq

(Standard Malay)


dapil

daerah pemilihan
daerah pemilihan#Indonesian

Short for daerah pemilihan (“electoral district”).


persilangan

crossing: an intersection where roads, lines, or tracks cross.

(Standard Malay)

(Standard Malay)


iluminasi

festive decoration of houses or buildings with lights.

adornment of books and manuscripts with colored illustrations.


iradiasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch irradiatie.

(radiology) irradiation: an act of irradiating, or state of being irradiated.


penyebarluasan

sebar (“scatter”) + luas (“wide”) + peng- -an. Compare Chinese 散布 (sànbù).


penyebaran

(Standard Malay)

spreading: the act by which something is spread.

(Standard Malay)

(religion) propagation: winning new converts.

diffusion: the spread of cultural or linguistic practices, or social institutions, in one or more communities; the gradual spread and adoption of goods or services.


turbulensi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch turbulentie (“turbulence”), ultimately from Latin turbulentia. Doublet of turbulens.

bor+

the state or fact of being turbulent or agitated; tempestuousness, disturbance.

(physics) disturbance in a gas or fluid, characterized by evidence of internal motion or unrest.

(aviation) specifically, a state of agitation or disturbance in the air which is disruptive to an aircraft.


manajemen strategis

strategic management
strategic management


pengelolaan

, pengurusan (Standard Malay)

management, administration: the use of limited resources combined with forecasting, planning, leadership and execution skills to achieve predetermined specific goals.

pengelolaan sumberdaya berbasis masyarakat


pertulisan

text carved on a wall or plaque, such as a memorial or gravestone

inscription
the text as above, but on a coin


nolep

(slang, derogatory) no-life
One who does not have a social life.

(by extension) Someone who wants nothing to do.

no-life
Someone who wants nothing to do.


duren sawit

Compound of duda + keren + sarang + duit, after duren and sawit. Coined in a song by Indonesian singer id:Kristina in 2012. Popularized in 2022.


penulisan

writing (the process of representing a language with symbols or letters)


tulisan tangan

Compound of tulisan (“writing”) + tangan (“hand”).

com+

handwriting
text that was written by hand

the characteristic writing of a particular person


pertuturan

speaking (the act of communicating vocally)


penutur asli

Compound of penutur (“speaker”) + asli (“real”).

Synonym of penutur jati (“native speaker”)


penutur jati

Compound of penutur (“speaker”) + jati (“pure; real”).

(linguistics) native speaker (a person who grew up with a particular language as their mother tongue)


penuturan

(uncountable) speaking (the act of communicating vocally)

(countable, uncommon) speech (a formal session of speaking, especially a long oral message given publicly by one person)


kantung udara

id-noun

kantung udara (plural kantung-kantung udara)

(Standard Malay)

(automotive) airbag: a protective system in automobiles in which when a crash occurs, a bag containing nitrogen, formed by the explosive decomposition of sodium azide, quickly inflates in front of the driver or passenger, preventing injury to the head. Side air bags, including the back seat passengers, also prevent injury.


rem angin

(automotive) airbrake: a brake (slowing device) that is operated pneumatically (by air pressure).


pedal gas

Compound of pedal + gas, calque of Dutch gaspedaal.

(automotive) accelerator, gas pedal: a pedal causing the vehicle to accelerate when it is pressed.


kompresor udara

kompresor udara (plural kompresor-kompresor udara)

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering

(mechanical engineering) air compressor: a machine for generating compressed air, typically for use by air-powered tools or paint sprayers.


jalan taksi

(Standard Malay)

(aviation) taxiway: a road or path within an airport designated for the taxiing of aircraft connecting the runways with ramps, hangars, terminals and other facilities.


penghidupan

livelihood (a means of providing the necessities of life for oneself (for example, a job or income))


polarisasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch polarisatie, from French polarisation.

(sociology) the grouping of opinions into two extremes.

(physics, optics) the production of polarized light; the direction in which the electric field of an electromagnetic wave points.

(chemistry, physics) the separation of positive and negative charges in a nucleus, atom, molecule or system.


rahasia dagang

rahasia dagang (plural rahasia-rahasia dagang)


persenjataan termonuklir

persenjataan termonuklir (plural persenjataan-persenjataan termonuklir)

thermonuclear weapon
thermonuclear weapon#English


koridor kekuasaan

koridor kekuasaan (plural koridor-koridor kekuasaan)

(Standard Malay)

corridors of power
corridors of power#English


kelayakan

kêlayakan (canonical)
kelayakan-kelayakan (plural)

(Standard Malay)

(Standard Malay)

(Standard Malay)


panjatan

a place where the feet stand before climbing


pemanjat

climber (someone or something that climbs)


kualifikasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kwalificatie, from Latin quālificātiō

the act or process of qualifying for a position, achievement etc.

an ability or attribute that aids someone's chances of qualifying for something; specifically, completed professional training.

a certificate, diploma, or degree awarded after successful completion of a course, training, or exam.

a clause or condition which qualifies something; a modification, a limitation.


pengangguran struktural

pengangguran struktural (plural pengangguran-pengangguran struktural)

structural unemployment
structural unemployment#English


spesialisasi

Borrowed from Dutch specialisatie. By surface analysis, spesial + -isasi.

specialization, specialisation
the act or process of specializing.

specialization, specialisation
the area in which someone specializes.


pelecehan seksual

pelecehan seksual (plural pelecehan-pelecehan seksual)

sexual harassment: harassment in the form of unwelcome sexual advances and/or remarks.


panjat tebing

Compound of panjat (“to climb”) + tebing (“cliff”), literally “to a climb cliff”

com+

rock climbing (the sport of scaling rock faces, either with or without ropes and other equipment)


panjat pinang

Compound of panjat (“to climb”) + pinang (“betel/areca nut; areca palm tree”).

greasy pole (a sporting event that involves staying on, climbing up, walking over or otherwise traversing a pole (or traditionally a tree) that has been made slippery)


lendutan

lêndutan (canonical)
lendutan-lendutan (plural)

(construction) deflection (the deviation of a beam or other indicator from its previous position)


jenderal besar

id-noun

jenderal besar (plural jenderal-jenderal besar)

Compound of jenderal + besar. Comparable to Japanese 大元帥(だいげんすい) (daigensui).

(military) generalissimo, grand marshal; field marshal.


bintara tinggi

bintara tinggi (plural bintara-bintara tinggi)


tepikan

(uncountable) the act of striking the palms of the hands, or any two surfaces, together

(countable) any loud, sudden, explosive sound made by striking hard surfaces together, or resembling such a sound

(countable) a slap with the hand, usually in a jovial manner

the sound of a light slap or tap with a soft flat object, especially of a footstep

a light tap or slap, especially with the hands


sumoai

"Sumoai, kau telah melupakan peristiwa pada duapuluh lima tahun jang berselang. Sebagaimana kau masih ingat, Kui Bak Todjin telah...."

1964, Oen Keng Kwee, Giok-bun kiam-lu, page 44:

"Junior sister, you have forgot the event 25 years ago. If you still remember, Kui Bak Todjin had...."

(obsolete) junior female fellow apprentice/student in same school of martial art or silat


mayor jenderal

mayor jenderal (plural mayor-mayor jenderal)


sekretaris jenderal

sèkrêtaris jêndêral (plural sekretaris-sekretaris jenderal)

sèkrêtaris jêndêral (canonical)
sekretaris-sekretaris jenderal (plural)


relokasi

Internationalism, affixed lokasi + re-, borrowed from Dutch relocatie (“relocation”).


rekonstruksi

From Dutch reconstructie. Equivalent to re- + konstruksi.

A thing that has been reconstructed or restored to an earlier state.

The act of restoring something to an earlier state.

A result of an attempt to understand in detail how a certain result or event occurred.

(linguistics) A result of linguistic reconstruction; a model representing an unattested linguistic unit: a phoneme, a morpheme or a word.


pembuat kebijakan

id-noun

pembuat kebijakan (plural pembuat-pembuat kebijakan)


manajemen proyek

project management
project management#English


proliferasi

prolifêrasi (canonical)
proliferasi-proliferasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch proliferatie (“proliferation”), from French prolifération.

bor+

(Standard Malay)

(biology, uncountable) the process by which an organism produces others of its kind; breeding, propagation, procreation, reproduction.

(Standard Malay)

(politics, uncountable) the spread of biochemical, nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction to countries not originally involved in developing them.


alan-alan

jester (a person in colourful garb and fool's cap who amused a medieval and early modern royal or noble court)


lawakan

(countable) joke
an amusing (can cause a laughter) story

something said or done for amusement, not in seriousness

(uncountable) joking (the act of telling or engaging in jokes)


lawak-lawak

Uncertain, probably a reduplication of lawak (“a type of boat from West Java”).

rdp

a long, narrow container, open on top, for feeding or watering animals

any similarly shaped container as explained above


kerangka

kêrangka (canonical)
kerangka-kerangka (plural)

Affixed rangka (“skeleton”) + ke-, from Malay kerangka.

kerangka kerja
kerangka kerja#Indonesian

ellipsis of kerangka kerja (“framework”).


kegemparan

uproar
a loud protest, controversy, or outrage


tanda-tanda

indication (a visible fact that shows that something exists or may happen)


kiamat

(Islam) Last Judgment, Final Judgment, judgment day (especially in Islamic contexts)


ikamah

(Islam) iqama (the second call to prayer, made immediately before Muslims pray)


tahun takwim

tahun kalender
tahun kalender#Indonesian

(uncommon) Synonym of tahun kalender (“calendar year”)


gempar

karalla daura (a species of marine fish that lives in tropical waters)


pesarium

a medical device similar to the outer ring of a contraceptive diaphragm, most commonly used to support a displaced uterus; also called therapeutic pessary

(contraception) a diaphragm or cervical cap

pessary
(medicine) a vaginal suppository


tahun kalender

Gregorian calendar
Gregorian calendar#English

calendar year (the length of time between the beginning and end of a year as marked on a calendar, such as from 0:00 January 1 to 24:00 December 31 in the Gregorian calendar)


kelompok setara

peer group (a group of people who are approximately the same age and status, especially if they have the same interests)


supositoria

Internationalism, borrowed from English suppository.

(medicine) suppository (a medicine in the form of a small plug that is inserted into a bodily cavity, especially the rectum, vagina or urethra, where it melts at body temperature)


penjawab

answerer (a person who, or thing that, answers or responds)


penetrasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch penetratie, from French pénétration, from Latin penetrātiō.

penetration
the act of penetrating something

specifically, the insertion of the penis (or similar object) during sexual intercourse


tangga lagu

Compound of tangga (“stair”) + lagu (“song”), literally “stair of song”.

com+

chart (a ranked listing of competitors, as of recorded music)


pengalah

relenter (someone who tends or likes to relent)


penyusutan

shrinking (the act of one who, or that which, shrinks; the act of becoming smaller)

(accounting) depreciation (the measurement of the decline in value of assets. Not to be confused with impairment, which is the measurement of the unplanned, extraordinary decline in value of assets)


wesel tagih

(finance) note receivable (a balance sheet item that records the value of promissory notes that a business is owed and should receive payment for)


wesel bayar

(finance) promissory note (a document saying that someone owes a specific amount of money to someone else, often with the deadline and interest fees; the primary purposes of a promissory note are to evidence the debt obligation incurred, and to establish terms for payment thereof)


semanggi

From Javanese ꦱꦼꦩꦁꦒꦶ (semanggi, “clover”).

clover (a plant of the genus Trifolium with leaves usually divided into three (rarely four) leaflets and with white or red flowers)

cloverleaf interchange
cloverleaf interchange

(transport) cloverleaf interchange (a junction of two highways, one crossing over the other, having a series of exit and entrance ramps, arranged in the form of a four-leaf clover, such that traffic may proceed from either highway in all directions)


simpang susun

Compound of simpang (“intersection”) + susun (“arrange, stack”).

interchange (a highway junction in which traffic may change from one road to another without crossing a stream of traffic)


simpang susun semanggi

Compound of simpang susun (“interchange”) + semanggi (“clover”)


penyusut

shrinker (something that makes something else shrink)


susutan

something that results from shrinking it


urun daya

Compound of urun (“contribute, support”) + daya (“power, effort, ability”).

Semenjak awal tahun 2022, Sipebi resmi diluncurkan sebagai proyek urun daya.

2022, “Unduh Aplikasi”, in KBBI Daring, Sipebi Dibuka untuk Urun Daya!:

Since early 2022, Sipebi has been officially launched as a crowdsourcing project

(neologism) crowdsourcing (the delegation of a task to a large diffuse group in order to introduce new or more developed skill sets and improve efficiency. There is usually no substantial monetary compensation involved)


jerit

a loud, emphatic, exclamation of extreme emotion, especially horror, fear, excitement, or anger; it may comprise a word or a sustained, high-pitched vowel sound

a loud vocalisation of many animals, especially in response to pain or fear


pencukur

a barber, one whose occupation is to shave

shaver (one who shaves)
a tool or machine for shaving


rendemen

Borrowed from Dutch rendement (“yield, performance; efficiency”), from French rendement (“production, output, yield; efficiency, productivity”).

der

a product; the quantity of something produced.

return on investment
return on investment

profit earned from an investment; return on investment.


kependetaan

priesthood
the role or office of a priest

priesthood
priests as a group; the clergy

authority to act in the name of God or the divine in general


RSKO

Initialism of rumah sakit ketergantungan obat.


tjampur

(1947–1972) Superseded spelling of campur.


tjampoer

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of campur.


pencampur

one who, or a device that, mixes or merges things together

a machine outfitted with (typically blunt) blades with which it mixes or beats ingredients in a bowl below


campuran

mixture
something that is produced by mixing

something that consists of diverse elements

crossbreed (an organism produced by mating of individuals of different varieties or breeds)


pengadon

mixer (a machine outfitted with (typically blunt) blades with which it mixes or beats ingredients in a bowl below)


PSH

pakaian sipil harian
pakaian sipil harian#Indonesian


kurang modal

id-noun

kurang modal (plural kurang-kurang modal)

(Standard Malay)


perbendaharaan

pêrbêndaharaan (canonical)
perbendaharaan-perbendaharaan (plural)

a place where treasure is stored safely.

a place where state or royal money and valuables are stored.

treasury:
(government) treasury department.

a collection of artistic or literary works.


pendengaran

hearing
the sense used to perceive sound

hearing
the act by which something is heard


peneriakan

the process, method, act of screaming or shouting


SKKB

surat keterangan
surat keterangan#Indonesian

(law enforcement, historical) initialism of surat keterangan kelakuan baik (“certificate of good conduct”).


ruang tunggu

ruang tunggu (plural ruang-ruang tunggu)

Compound of ruang (“room”) + tunggu (“to wait”).


FKG

kedokteran gigi
kedokteran gigi#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of fakultas kedokteran gigi.


FKM

kesehatan masyarakat
kesehatan masyarakat#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of fakultas kesehatan masyarakat.


FTMM

teknologi maju
teknologi maju#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of fakultas teknologi maju dan multidisiplin].


FKH

kedokteran hewan
kedokteran hewan#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of fakultas kedokteran hewan.


FPK

(education) Initialism of fakultas perikanan dan kelautan.


FISIP

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu sosial dan ilmu politik.


FEB

(education) Initialism of fakultas ekonomi dan bisnis.


filkom

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu komputer.


FPIK

(education) Initialism of fakultas perikanan dan ilmu kelautan.


FPBS

(education, dated) Initialism of fakultas pendidikan bahasa dan seni.


FKT

(education, dated) Initialism of fakultas kehutanan.


FPIPS

ilmu pengetahuan sosial
ilmu pengetahuan sosial#Indonesian

(education, dated) Initialism of fakultas pendidikan ilmu pengetahuan sosial.


FKIS

(education, dated) Initialism of fakultas keguruan ilmu sosial.


FKIE

(education, dated) Initialism of fakultas keguruan ilmu eksakta.


fapet

(education) Initialism of fakultas peternakan].


FPPSi

(education) Initialism of fakultas pendidikan psikologi.


(education) Initialism of lembaga penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat.


faperta

(education) Initialism of fakultas pertanian.


FPTK

(education) Initialism of fakultas pendidikan teknologi dan kejuruan.


(education) Initialism of lembaga pengembangan pendidikan dan pembelajaran.


Fkep

(education) Initialism of fakultas keperawatan.


FPSi

(education) Initialism of fakultas psikologi.


FITK

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu tarbiyah dan keguruan.


FIK

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu keolahragaan.


UPT

(government) Initialism of unit pelaksana teknis.

(education) Initialism of unit pelayanan teknis.

unit pemukiman transmigrasi
unit pemukiman transmigrasi#Indonesian

Initialism of unit pemukiman transmigrasi.


FUAH

(education) Initialism of fakultas ushuluddin, adab dan humaniora.


FEBI

(education) Initialism of fakultas ekonomi dan bisnis islam.


pedayung

a paddling athlete; a professional paddler


sirip dada

(ichthyology) pectoral fin (either of two fins located on each side of a fish just behind the head)


pemasyarakatan

peng- -an + masyarakat. Introduced in Konferensi Nasional Kepenjaraan in 1964 to replace kepenjaraan


penggayuh

nonstandard form of pengayuh (“rower; oar; pedal”).


UKT

(education) Initialism of uang kuliah tunggal (“single tuition fee”).


pengayuh

* IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: /pəˈŋa.jʊh/
* Rhymes: -jʊh, -ʊh, -h
* Hyphenation: pê‧nga‧yuh

rower (one who rows a boat or another craft)


pengayuhan

the action of propelling a boat with oars

the rowing of boats as a competitive sport


gayuh

Voicing of the initial consonant of the word kayuh.

nonstandard form of kayuh (“oar; pedal”).


jalak eropa

Sturnus vulgaris
Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual

European starling (a bird of the species Sturnus vulgaris)


sel induk

sel + induk, Calque of English stem cell.

(medicine, cytology) Synonym of sel punca


sel punca

sel + punca, Calque of English stem cell.


TSM

(politics) Initialism of terstruktur, sistematis, dan masif (“structured, systematic, and massive”).


penggal

Ultimately from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puŋgal (“prune, cut off the tip”), *puŋgel (“prune, cut off the tip”).
Compare to Tagalog punggal (“broken or cut off above the root”).

cog

(uncommon, of a reading, story, etc) part (a fraction of a whole)


penggalan

(of a reading, story, etc.) part (a fraction of a whole)

fragment (a part broken off; a small, detached portion; an imperfect part, either physically or not)

(obsolete) a pole that is made of bamboo


gambar hidup

id-noun

gambar hidup (plural gambar-gambar hidup)

Calque of Dutch bioscoop (“cinema”) and film.


setan gundul

(figuratively) a person who often do bad things


setan jalanan

(figuratively) a driver who operate the vehicle recklessly


penggundulan

denudation (the act of stripping off covering, or removing the surface; a making bare)


kurungan

kurung + -an. Semantic loan from Dutch hechtenis.


berminggu-minggu

Affixation of ber- + minggu with reduplication at the base word.

Sudah berminggu-minggu dia belum datang.

(literally, “Already several weeks (but) He hasn't come.”)


gendak

Borrowed from Javanese gendak. Semantic loan from Dutch overspel.


perbarengan

per- -an + bareng. Semantic loan from Dutch den zamenloop.

perbarengan kejahatan


ketentuan umum

ketentuan umum (plural ketentuan-ketentuan umum)

ketentuan + umum. Semantic loan from Dutch het algemeen deel.


penggelandangan

peng- -an + gelandang. Calque of Dutch landloperij.


memori penjelasan

id-noun

memori penjelasan (plural memori-memori penjelasan)

memori + penjelasan. Probably Semantic loan from Dutch memorie van toelichting.


ruang lingkup

id-noun

ruang lingkup (plural ruang-ruang lingkup)

ruang + lingkup. Semantic loan from Dutch omvang.


pidana penjara

pidana + penjara. Semantic loan from Dutch gevangenis.


pidana tutupan

pidana tutupan (plural pidana-pidana tutupan)

pidana + tutupan. Semantic loan from Dutch tuchthuisstraf.


sumpah palsu

sumpah + palsu. Semantic loan from Dutch meineed.


ancaman pidana

ancaman pidana (plural ancaman-ancaman pidana)

ancaman + pidana. Semantic loan from Dutch straffen.


pelanggaran hukum

pelanggaran + hukum. Calque of Dutch regtsdelicten.


pemandang

looker (one that looks or is actively looking)


unsur perencanaan

unsur perencanaan (plural unsur-unsur perencanaan)

unsur + perencanaan. Semantic loan from Dutch premeditatie.


ketertiban umum

ketertiban umum (plural ketertiban-ketertiban umum)

ketertiban + umum. Semantic loan from Dutch maatschappelijke orde.


pelihat

alternative form of penglihat (“seer; eyesight; sight”)


penglihat

(countable) seer
one who foretells the future

(countable) seer
one who sees something; an eyewitness


penatapan

synonym of tatapan (“stare; staring; something to stare or to look at”)


tatapan

(uncountable) staring (the act of one who stares)

(countable, obsolete) something to stare or to look at


penglihatan ganda

Compound of penglihatan (“eyesight”) + ganda (“double”).

com+

double vision (a disorder of vision in which a single object is seen as two)


penglihatan

the act of seeing; perception of objects by the eye


pelihatan

(uncommon) alternative form of penglihatan (“eyesight; sight”)


nobat

Inherited from Malay نوبت (nobat), from Classical Persian نوبت (nawbat), from Arabic نَوْبَة (nawba).

(archaic) Malay gamelan which is only played during the coronation ceremony of kings


pemberitahu

announcer (one who makes an announcement)

notifier (one who makes an notification)


berian

the act of bestowing as a gift; a conferring or imparting

dowry (payment, such as property or money, paid by the bride's family to the groom or his family at the time of marriage)


notifikasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch notificatie, from French notification, from Latin nōtificātiō.

notification
(uncountable) the act of notifying

(countable) a specific piece of information that serves to notify

(countable) a text message on a cell phone

notification
a text message on a cell phone


lukisan

painting (an illustration or artwork using paint)

painting (artistic application of paint or the similar)


lukis-melukis

synonym of pelukisan (“the act of painting”)


kesenggangan

freedom (the state of being free in spare time or leisure)


senggang-tenggang

/səŋ.ɡaŋ.təŋˈɡaŋ/

waktu senggang
waktu senggang#Indonesian

synonym of waktu senggang (“free time; leisure”)


kegugupan

flusteredness (the state of being flustered)

nervousness (the state of being nervous)


penggugup

/pəŋˈɡu.ɡʊp̚/

someone who gets flustered or nervous easily


kartunis

cartoonist (one who creates a cartoon or the similar)


penuntutan

prosecution (the act of prosecuting a scheme or endeavor)

a hobby or recreational activity, done regularly


pandangan umum

Compound of pandangan (“view”) + umum (“general”).

pandangan umum fraksi-fraksi terhadap rancangan undang-undang kesehatan


keruncingan

pointiness (the state or condition of being pointy)

(of a pencil, pen etc.) sharpness (the state or condition of being sharp)

spikiness (the state or condition of being spiky)

(figuratively, of a fight, situation, etc.) intensity (the state or condition of being intenseness)


peruncing

/pəˈruɲ.t͡ʃɪŋ/

(of a pencil etc.) sharpener (a device for making things sharp)

(figuratively, of a fight, situation, etc.) worsener (one who or that which worsens things)


waktu senggang

free time; leisure (time when one is not working)


saingan

rival (a competitor (person, team, company, etc.) with the same goal as another, or striving to attain the same thing)


ketip

Satu ketip setara dengan uang Rp100 yang sebelumnya; 100 rupiah yang sekarang setara dengan Rp100,000 pra-redenominasi.

One dime is equivalent to the previous Rp100; the current Rp100 is worth the pre-redenomination Rp100,000.


pulau lalu lintas

Compound of pulau (“island”) + lalu lintas (“traffic”).

traffic island (a raised area in a roadway or traffic circle, bordered by curbs, used to control traffic)


pulau jalan

Compound of pulau (“island”) + jalan (“road”).

pulau lalu lintas
pulau lalu lintas#Indonesian

synonym of pulau lalu lintas (“traffic island”)


fraksi ejeksi

Compound of fraksi (“fraction”) + ejeksi (“ejection”).

(cardiology) ejection fraction (the proportion of blood ejected out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat)


beton bertulang

Compound of beton (“concrete”) + bertulang (“bony”).

tensile strength
tensile strength#English

reinforced concrete (a building material made from Portland cement concrete with a matrix of steel bars or wires (rebars) to increase its tensile strength)


kota pintar

Compound of kota (“city”) + pintar (“smart”), a calque of English smart city.


keterpasaran

marketability (the likelihood that something will sell; market appeal)


kota cerdas

Compound of kota (“city”) + cerdas (“intelligent; smart”), a calque of English smart city.

information and communications technology#English

(urban studies) smart city (a municipality that uses information and communications technology, such as electronic sensors, to increase efficiency and improve the quality of services)


basis pengetahuan

Compound of basis + pengetahuan, a calque of English knowledge base.

knowledge management
knowledge management#English

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence#English

(databases, information science) knowledge base (a database designed to meet the complex storage and retrieval requirements of computerized knowledge management, especially in support of artificial intelligence or expert systems)


literasi informasi

Compound of literasi + informasi, a calque of English information literacy.

information literacy
information literacy

(information science) information literacy (the overall understanding of how information is produced and valued, and used to create new knowledge)


deskriptor

Internationalism, borrowed from English descriptor.

that which describes; a word, phrase, etc. serving as a description.

(computing, information science) a name associated with certain data or documents in an information storage and retrieval system; an index term.

(linguistics) a word or expression used to describe or identify something.


model mental

Compound of model + mental, a calque of English mental model.

(information science) mental model (someone's understanding of how a system works)


keranjang

Inherited from Malay کرنجڠ (keranjang, “large and loosely wooven basket”), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karanzaŋ.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">keranjang</i>

inh+

A lightweight container, generally round, open at the top, and tapering toward the bottom.

A wire or plastic container similar in shape to a basket, used for carrying articles for purchase in a shop.

(Internet) In an online shop, a listing of a customer's chosen items before they are ordered.


penyedot

/pə.ɲəˈdɔt̚/

sucker (someone or something that sucks)

(uncommon) drinking straw; straw (a long tube (usually made out of plastic or paper) through which a beverage is drunk via suction)


ketersedotan

suckability (the degree in which something is suckable)


sedot lemak

Compound of sedot (“to suck”) + lemak (“fat”).

com+

cosmetic surgery
cosmetic surgery#English

(medicine) liposuction (a cosmetic surgery procedure in which excess fat is removed from a specific area by suction)


pengampelas

a machine or tool to mechanize the process of sanding


pengampelasan

sanding (the act or process by which something is sanded; the application of sandpaper, etc.)


ampelas

ampêlas (canonical)
ampelas-ampelas (plural)

A strong paper coated with sand, ground glass, or other abrasive material for smoothing and polishing.


keterpengaruhan

influenceability (the quality or state of being influenceable)


ketidaknormalan

synonym of keabnormalan (“abnormalness”)


cecunguk

/t͡ʃə.t͡ʃʊ.ŋʊk/

/t͡ʃə.t͡ʃʊ.ŋʊʔ/

Borrowed from Sundanese ᮎᮥᮎᮥᮍᮥᮊ᮪ (cucunguk)

bor+

(figuratively, colloquial) spy; secret agent (during colonial times)

(figuratively, colloquial) petty criminal; petty thief


judol

(gambling) Abbreviation of judi online (“online gambling”).


penormalan

synonym of normalisasi (“normalization”)


normalisasi

normalization (any process that makes something more normal or regular, which typically means conforming to some regularity or rule, or returning from some state of abnormality)


pengapuran

calcium hydroxide
calcium hydroxide#English

liming (an application of lime (calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide)).

calcification (the hardening or stiffening of tissues due to the formation of calcium deposits in body structures such as flesh, bones, or teeth).

whitewashing (the process or act of coating a surface, such as walls or fences, with lime or chalk for aesthetic or protective purposes).

chalking (the degradation of paint on walls, where the surface starts to release a powdery residue of chalk or pigment).


kapur tulis

chalk (a piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO₄), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard))


pemboikotan

boycotting (the act of something being boycotted)


pemboikot

boycotter (someone who engages in a boycott)


pemersingkat

synonym of penyingkat (“shortener; abbreviator; abridger”)


penyingkat

shortener; abbreviator; abridger (one who, or that which, shortens times, words or ages)


penyingkatan

shortening (the process by which something is made shorter)

abbreviation (the process of abbreviating)


bangbung

Onomatopoeic.
The sense of 'rhino beetle' borrowed from Sundanese bangbung.

the sounds from a tambour or other similar instruments

Asiatic rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros)


manjanik

Inherited from Malay manjanik, from Arabic مَنْجَنِيق (manjanīq).

trebuchet (a medieval siege engine consisting of a large pivoting arm heavily weighted on one end)


hasutan

incitement (a call to act; encouragement to act, often in an illegal way)


akal-akalan

From akal + -an with reduplication at the base word.

synonym of tipu daya (“trick; deception”)


kepura-puraan

a false or hypocritical assertion, implication, or representation

intention or purpose not real but professed

pretense
an unsupported claim made or implied

an insincere attempt to reach a specific condition or quality


akal pikiran

sense
the capability for rational thought


tipu daya

trick; deception (an instance of actions and/or schemes fabricated to mislead someone into believing a lie or inaccuracy)


akal sehat

ordinary sensible understanding; one's basic intelligence which allows for plain understanding and without which good decisions or judgments cannot be made

(philosophy) one of the four interior senses; the one by which information from the five exterior senses is understood and interpreted


pencernaan

Affixed cerna + peng- -an. Cognate of Malay ڤنچرناءن (pencernaan).

cog

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">pencernaan</i>

digestion (the process, in the gastrointestinal tract, by which food is converted into substances that can be used by the body)

digestion (the ability to use this process)


rumah tapak

Compound of rumah (“house; home”) + tapak.

(housing) house: a building intended to contain a single household, as opposed to an apartment or condominium or building containing these.


centang

Borrowed from Javanese ꦕꦺꦤ꧀ꦛꦁ (cénthang, “to tick off; to place a mark”).

bor+

tick; checkmark (a mark (✓) made to indicate agreement, correctness or acknowledgement)


centang

[t͡ʃənˈt̪aŋ]


andjing

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) superseded spelling of anjing.


peranjingan

everything to do with dogs; can be roughly translated as dogitude


KASAU

w:Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force


papan ketik

papan kêtik (canonical)
papan-papan ketik (plural)


papan tombol

id-noun

papan tombol (plural papan-papan tombol)

keyboard (a set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc.)


pemrogram

(computing) One who writes computer programs; a software developer.

One who decides which programs will be shown on a television station, or which songs will be played on a radio station.

A device that installs or controls a software program in some other machine.


pemerbesar

a tool used to enlarge something; can be roughly translated as magnifier


obsesi

From Dutch obsessie, from Latin obsessiō.


abdomen akut

abdomên akut (canonical)
abdomen akut (canonical)

(pathology) acute abdomen (an acute onset of severe pain in the abdomen)


amoralitas

The metaethical belief that nothing is morally right or morally wrong, that morality does not exist.


manga yonkoma

Calque of Japanese 4コマ漫画 (yonkoma manga).


videografi

Borrowed from English videography, from video + -graphy.

the art and technology of producing moving (video) images on photosensitive surfaces, and its digital counterpart

videography
the occupation of making videos

the list of music videos a singer has appeared or sung in


video musik

music video (a short film integrating a song and imagery, produced for promotional or artistic purposes)


perebus

boiler
a person who boils to cook something

a kitchen vessel for boiling to cook something


perebusan

boiling (the process of boiling something to cook)


pemusik

musical instrument
musical instrument#English

musician (a composer, conductor, or performer of music; specifically, a person who sings and/or plays a musical instrument as a hobby, occupation, or profession)


lokakarya

Compound loka (“location; world”) + karya (“work”).

com

(neologism) workshop: a brief, intensive course of education for a small group, emphasizing interaction and practical problem solving.


gabus laut

Rachycentron canadum
Rachycentron canadum#Translingual

cobia (Rachycentron canadum, a perciform marine fish)


properti

propêrti (canonical)
properti-properti (plural)

Borrowed from English property, from Middle English propertee, properte, propirte, proprete, from Anglo-Norman and Old French propreté, proprieté (“propriety, fitness, property”), from Latin proprietās (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”)

der

a piece of real estate, such as a parcel of land.

(drama) a prop, an object used in a dramatic production.


kewajiban moral

(law) moral obligation (a duty which one owes and ought to perform on the basis of considerations of right and wrong, but which he is not legally bound to fulfill, as a duty to be charitable, a duty to pay a debt barred by the act of limitations, etc.)


sanggar kerja

id-noun

sanggar kerja (plural sanggar-sanggar kerja)

Compound sanggar + kerja (“work”), calque of English workshop.


gajung

(1947–1972) superseded spelling of gayung.


pajoeng

(1901–1947) superseded spelling of payung.


pajung

(1947–1972) superseded spelling of payung.


perilis

releaser (one who makes available to the public)


perilisan

release; releasing (the process of making available to the public)


eksekutor

executor
a person who carries out some task.

(computing) a component of a system that executes or runs something.

(law) someone appointed by a testator to administer their estate in accordance with their will.

capital punishment
capital punishment#English

executioner (an official person who carries out the capital punishment of a criminal)


pengeksekusi

synonym of eksekutor (“executor; executioner”)


pemangsa

one who, or that which, prey ons; can be roughly translated as preyer.


keselesaian

completion (the state of being complete, finish, or done)


pengeklaim

claimer; claimant (one who claims; one who makes a claim)


Malon

Blend of Malaysia + beloon (“dumb, stupid”), or by analogy with Malay Indon (“Indonesia”), deemed derogatory by Indonesians.

blend

(Internet slang, derogatory, offensive, ethnic slur) a Malaysian person, citizen or descent


iles-iles

A foul-smelling plant grown in Southeast Asia similar to konjac, Amorphophallus muelleri.


pendudukan

pêndudukan (canonical)
pendudukan-pendudukan (plural)

Inherited from Malay pendudukan. Equivalent to duduk + peng- -an.

occupation (control of a place by a hostile group)


pandu arah

Compound of pandu (“guide; to guide”) + arah (“direction”).

com+

the theory, practice and technology of charting a course for a road vehicle, ship, aircraft, or spaceship.

traffic or travel by vessel, especially commercial shipping.


kecurangan

cheating: an act of deception, fraud, or trickery.

(uncountable) the crime of stealing or otherwise illegally obtaining money by use of deception tactics.

any act of deception carried out for the purpose of unfair, undeserved or unlawful gain.

(uncountable) fraudulence (the condition of being fraudulent)


kegaiban

enchantingness (the quality of being enchanting)

esotericity (the quality of being esoteric)

the quality of being indirectly visible and can only be seen with a power; can be roughly translated as invisibility

magicalness (the quality of being magical)

mysticality; mysticalness (the quality of being mystical)

occultation; occultness (the quality of being occult)

supernaturality (the quality of being supernatural)


gaib-gaiban

From gaib + -an with reduplication at the base word.

something magical, mystical, or esoteric.


salatri

pain or fainting due to excessive hunger or eating late.


hihid

A fan, usually quadrilateral-shaped, made out of woven bamboo, used for fanning rice or charcoal.


KJ

(education) Initialism of kelas jauh (“distance class”).

kedokteran jiwa
kedokteran jiwa#Indonesian

(medicine) Initialism of kedokteran jiwa (“psychiatry”, literally “soul medicine”).


serabi

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦿꦧꦶ (srabi), from Old Javanese surabhi (“kind of tree with fragrant flower”), from Sanskrit सुरभि (surabhi, “fragrant”).

der

a traditional Balinese–Javanese snack, similar to a pancake, made of a rice flour-based batter with coconut milk or coconut cream and shredded coconut as an emulsifier


ketelitian

the state or characteristic of being thorough

conscientiousness (the state or characteristic of being conscientious)


kejuaraan

kêjuaraan (canonical)
kejuaraan-kejuaraan (plural)

(Standard Malay)

(sports) a competition to determine a champion, especially the final of a series of competitions.


undung-undung

(originally) a small hut used to store uncooked rice

(by extension) a semi-permanent place of worship, usually a church


keberartian

synonym of kebermaknaan (“meaningfulness; meaningness”)


pengartian

meaning (the act of one that mean, signify, or indicate)


ilmu pemerintahan

ilmu (“science”) + pemerintahan (“governance”), calque of Dutch bestuurskunde (“public administration”).

clq

public administration
public administration#English

(education) public administration: a field of study concerning this, sometimes considered a branch of political science.


kebermaknaan

meaningfulness (the state or measure of being meaningful)

meaningness (quality of having a meaning; meaningfulness)


kepahaman

understandingness (the state or condition of being understanding)


abortus insipiens

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch abortus incipiens.

ubor

inevitable abortion
inevitable abortion#English


abortus imminens

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch abortus imminens.

threatened abortion
threatened abortion#English


keamanan komputer

Compound of keamanan + komputer, calque of English computer security.

a branch of computer science that addresses enforcement of 'secure' behavior on the operation of computers


klepon

klêpon (canonical)
klepon-klepon (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏ꧀ꦊꦥꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (klepon).

bor+

(cooking) a snack of sweet rice cake balls filled with molten palm sugar and coated in grated coconut


pencarian

finding; searching; seeking (the act of those verbs)

livelihood (a means of providing the necessities of life for oneself (for example, a job or income))


syirik

Inherited from Malay syirik (“shirk”), from Arabic شِرْك (širk, “shirk; polytheism; idolatry”).


perdagangan orang dalam

id-noun

perdagangan orang dalam (plural perdagangan-perdagangan orang dalam)

perdagangan-perdagangan orang dalam (plural)

perdagangan (“trade”) + orang dalam (“insider”).

com

(business, finance, law) insider trading, inside dealing, inside trading, insider dealing


kepintaran

(uncountable) The state or quality of being smart, intelligence.

(uncountable) The state or quality of being smart in appearance.

(countable) The result or product of being smart.

smartness
The result or product of being smart.


kutukan

curse
A supernatural detriment or hindrance.

A prayer or imprecation that harm may befall someone.

The cause of great harm, evil, or misfortune; that which brings evil or severe affliction.


keterkutukan

cursedness (the state or quality of being cursed)


kawao

(regional, botany) A climbing plant whose bark is extracted to produce a juice that prevents the souring of sugar palm sap inside a bamboo tube; Millettia sericea.


kawao

(regional, mythology) A colossal octopus that suddenly appears around ships and endangers them.


kawao

basket used to hold roosters for baiting male partridges.


wingko

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦶꦁꦏ (wingka, “a cake made largely of glutinous rice and desiccated coconut, toasted and sold warm”, literally “pottery shard”), from Old Javanese wiṅka (“potsherd”).

bor+

(cooking) a cake made largely of glutinous rice and desiccated coconut, toasted and sold warm


rantai pasok

id-noun

rantai pasok (plural rantai-rantai pasok)

Compound rantai (“chain”) + pasok (“to supply”), calque of English supply chain.


ODHA

orang + dengan + HIV + AIDS. Coined by Indonesian linguist Anton Moedardo Moeliono in 1995.


majikan

Inherited from Malay مجيکن (majikan, “employer”).

inh+

employer: a person, firm or other entity which pays for or hires the services of another person.

someone who has control over something or someone;


konektivitas

(Standard Malay)

connectivity:
the state of being connected.

(telecommunications) the ability to make a connection between two or more points in a network.


pemberi kerja

id-noun

pemberi kerja (plural pemberi-pemberi kerja)

Compound of pemberi (“giver”) + kerja (“work”), calque of Dutch werkgever (“employer”, literally “work giver”).


pamor

Inherited from Malay pamor, from Javanese ꦥꦩꦺꦴꦂ (pamor).

figure on the keris blade, which is made of white steel


wergan

any of various birds of the genus Alcippe


pelambatan

slowdown; slowing (a reduction in speed, or a decrease in the level of production, economic activity, etc)


mukhtasar

From Arabic مُخْتَصَر (muḵtaṣar, “abbreviated”).


kritikan

criticism (a critical observation or detailed examination and review)

An essay in which another piece of work is criticised, reviewed, etc.

critique
A point made to criticize something.


pengkritik

A person who appraises the works of others.

critic
A specialist in judging works of art.

One who criticizes; a person who finds fault.

criticizer (one who criticizes; a person who finds fault)


keritik

kêritik (canonical)
keritik-keritik (plural)


rawon

(cooking) a dark beef soup, served with mung bean sprouts and the ubiquitous sambal.


pengkritikan

(uncountable) The act of criticising; a critical judgment passed or expressed.

(countable) A critical observation or detailed examination and review.


KEK

kawasan ekonomi khusus
kawasan ekonomi khusus#Indonesian

(economics) Initialism of kawasan ekonomi khusus (special economic zone, SEZ).


pakaian dinas upacara

Compound of pakaian dinas + upacara (“ceremony”). Compare to Japanese 儀礼服装(ぎれいふくそう) (gireifukusō) and Dutch ceremonieel tenue.

full dress uniform: the most formal military uniform worn by a member of the military for a formal occasion, corresponding to the civilian white tie dress code.


pakaian dinas lapangan

Compound of pakaian dinas + lapangan (“field”).

combat uniform, field uniform: a casual type of uniform used by military, police, fire and other public uniformed services for everyday fieldwork and combat duty purposes, as opposed to dress uniforms worn in functions and parades.


pakaian dinas harian

Compound of pakaian dinas + harian (“daily”). Compare to Dutch dagelijks tenue.

service dress uniform
service dress uniform

service dress uniform: the informal type of uniform used by military, police, fire and other public uniformed services for everyday office, barracks and non-field duty purposes and sometimes for ceremonial occasions.


kamar bersalin

id-noun

kamar bersalin (plural kamar-kamar bersalin)

kamar + bersalin, calque of Dutch verloskamer (“delivery room”).

clq

(healthcare) delivery room: an operating theatre or similar room in a hospital or other medical facility, furnished with suitable equipment and staffed by physicians, surgeons, or other medical workers, for the purpose of assisting mothers with the births of their babies.


bilik persalinan

id-noun

bilik persalinan (plural bilik-bilik persalinan)

Petugas mempersiapkan peralatan dan tempat persalinan (bilik persalinan).

The officer prepares the equipment and birthing place (delivery room).


pegawai tidak tetap

pegawai tidak tetap (plural pegawai-pegawai tidak tetap)

pegawai (“employee”) + tidak tetap (“temporary”, literally “nonpermanent”).


bentara

Inherited from Malay bentara (“herald; usher”), probably from Javanese ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦫ (bendara, “noble”). Doublet of bendahara, bendahari, bendara, bendari, bendoro, and bentara.

doublet

(archaic) herald: a messenger, especially one bringing important news.


perencanaan kota

id-noun

perencanaan kota (plural perencanaan-perencanaan kota)


perencanaan

pêrêncanaan (canonical)
perencanaan-perencanaan (plural)


pemangku kepentingan

pemangku kepentingan (plural pemangku-pemangku kepentingan)


kepentingan

kêpêntingan (canonical)
kepentingan-kepentingan (plural)


mintuna

(chiefly obsolete or dialectal) Synonym of timun laut (“sea cucumber”)


keremi

From Sanskrit कृमि (kṛmi, “worm”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kŕ̥miṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”). Doublet of kirmizi.


kirmizi

From Turkish kırmızı (“red”), from Ottoman Turkish قرمزی, from Arabic قِرْمِزِيّ (qirmiziyy) or Persian قِرمِز (qermez), from Persian کِرمِست (kêrmêst) ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš (“worm”). Doublet of keremi.


ribaan

lap: a place of rearing and fostering; the upper legs of a seated person.


Menlu

Short for Menteri Luar Negeri (“foreign minister”). (government title)


baduyut

a creeping plant; Trichosanthes villosa.


kejahatan perang

Compound of kejahatan (“crime”) + perang (“war”).


tata surya

(astronomy) Solar System: The Sun and all the heavenly bodies that orbit around it, including the eight planets, their moons, the asteroids and comets.


skabies

Sarcoptes scabiei
Sarcoptes scabiei#Translingual

(dermatology, pathology) scabies: an infestation of parasitic mites, Sarcoptes scabiei, causing intense itching caused by the mites burrowing into the skin of humans and other animals. It is easily transmissible from human to human; secondary skin infection may occur.


trapesium

From Dutch trapezium, from Late Latin trapezium, from Ancient Greek τραπέζιον (trapézion, “irregular quadrilateral”), diminutive of τράπεζα (trápeza, “table”).

der

(geometry) trapezium (a quadrilateral with two sides parallel)


kuda pacu

racehorse: a horse that competes in races.


psikologi terapan

id-noun

psikologi terapan (plural psikologi-psikologi terapan)

(psychology) applied psychology: the use of psychological methods and findings of scientific psychology to solve practical problems of human and animal behavior and experience.


seni murni

Compound of seni (“art”) + murni (“pure”).

fine arts: The purely aesthetic arts, such as music, painting, and poetry, as opposed to industrial or functional arts such as architecture or carpentry.


psikologi klinis

Compound of psikologi (“psychology”) + klinis (“clinical”). Cognate of Dutch klinische psychologie f.

com

clinical psychology
clinical psychology#English

(psychology) clinical psychology: a branch of psychology with the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.


rekayasa perangkat lunak

Compound of rekayasa (“engineering”) + perangkat lunak (“software”), calque of English software engineering.

software engineering
software engineering#English

(computing, engineering) software engineering: the subfield of engineering concerned with applying a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software.


perbankan

pêrbankan (canonical)
perbankan-perbankan (plural)

teori pendapatan terantisipasi perbankan

(finance) banking:
the business of managing a bank.

the occupation of managing or working in a bank.


pestisida

Internationalism, compare Italian pesticida, Portuguese pesticida, Spanish pesticida.


ruminansia

Learned borrowing from Latin rūminantia (“chewing the cud”).

lbor

(zoology) ruminant: an artiodactyl ungulate mammal which chews cud, such as a cow or deer.


kedokteran hewan

Compound of kedokteran + hewan, calque of Dutch diergeneeskunde (“veterinary medicine”).

clq

veterinary medicine: the branch of medicine that deals with the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and injuries of animals, especially domestic and farm animals.


patologi klinik

clinical pathology
clinical pathology#English

(medicine, pathology) clinical pathology: pathology carried out in a hospital environment; pathology as an applied science with focus on the needs of clinical activity (that is, diagnosis and treatment in each patient).


kesejahteraan hewan

Compound of kesejahteraan (“welfare”) + hewan (“animal”), calque of English animal welfare.


penobatan

an act of investing with a crown; a crowning.

Di Masjid Agung, penobatan tidak dilakukan dengan pengambilan sumpah, melainkan Sultan membacakan sumpah dengan bahasa Arab, disaksikan Imam Masjid Agung.

At the Grand Mosque, the coronation was not carried out by taking an oath, but instead the Sultan read the oath in Arabic, witnessed by the Imam of the Grand Mosque.

an act or the ceremony of formally investing a sovereign or the sovereign's consort with a crown and other insignia of royalty, on or shortly after their accession to the sovereignty.


pemahkotaan

Becket pun mengeks-komunikasi Uskup Agung York dan uskup-uskup lain yang terlibat dalam pemahkotaan putra raja.

Becket excommunicated the Archbishop of York and other bishops involved in the coronation of the king's son.


penabalan

Affixed tabal (“royal drum”) + peng- -an.

(chiefly Riau, North Sumatra) coronation:

an act of investing with a crown; a crowning.

Tanpa regalia, penabalan seseorang sultan tak sah.

Without regalia, a person's crowning as sultan is invalid.

Penabalan Makmun Alrasyid itu seperti menurut kebiasaan dahulu, harus meminta izin dari Sultan Siak. ― Makmun Alrasyid's coronation, as per previous custom, had to ask permission from the Sultan of Siak.

an act or the ceremony of formally investing a sovereign or the sovereign's consort with a crown and other insignia of royalty, on or shortly after their accession to the sovereignty.


kesehatan reproduksi

Compound of kesehatan (“health”) + reproduksi (“reproduction”).

reproductive health
reproductive health#English

(medicine) reproductive health: an informal agglomeration of fertility medicine, obstetrics, gynecology and some aspects of urology and endocrinology as they relate to normal and pathological processes and conditions of human reproduction in either men or women.


kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja

id-noun

kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (plural kesehatan-kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja)

/kə.sə.ˈha.tan ˈdan kə.sə.la.ˈmat.an kər.ˈd͡ʒa/

Compound of kesehatan + dan + keselamatan + kerja.

occupational safety and health
occupational safety and health


pencaharian

livelihood (a means of providing the necessities of life for oneself (for example, a job or income))


rintis

jungle trail/track; a narrow trail cleared through a dense forest


ulasan

commentary (a series of comments or annotations; especially, a book of explanations or expositions on the whole or a part of some other work)

review (an account intended as a critical evaluation of a text or a piece of work)


keamanan sosial

keamanan sosial (plural keamanan-keamanan sosial)


demam kuning

Compound of demam (“fever”) + kuning (“yellow”).

(medicine, pathology) yellow fever: an acute febrile illness of tropical regions, caused by a flavivirus (Yellow fever virus) and spread by certain mosquitoes, characterised by jaundice, black vomit and the absence of urination.


zoofarmakologi

Internationalism, borrowed from English zoopharmacology


bulu babi

Compound of bulu (“fur”) + babi (“pig”).


landak mini

Compound of landak (“porcupine”) + mini (“mini”).


landak semut

Compound of landak (“porcupine; (by extension) hedgehog”) + semut (“ant”).


landak susu

Compound of landak (“porcupine”) + susu (“milk”).

hedgehog (a small mammal, of the family Erinaceidae or subfamily Erinaceinae (spiny hedgehogs, the latter characterized by their spiny back and often by the habit of rolling up into a ball when attacked))


SPBE

w:id:sistem pemerintahan berbasis elektronik

(government) Initialism of sistem pemerintahan berbasis elektronik.


AKB

ajun komisaris besar
ajun komisaris besar#Indonesian

(law enforcement) Initialism of ajun komisaris besar.

angka kematian bayi
angka kematian bayi#Indonesian

(demography, medicine) Initialism of angka kematian bayi (“infant mortality rate”).


KAK

kerangka acuan kerja
kerangka acuan kerja#Indonesian

(management) Initialism of kerangka acuan kerja (“terms of reference”).


iredentisme

Borrowed from Dutch irredentisme (“irredentism”).


bedah sesar

Caesarean section
Caesarean section#English


angka kematian bayi

id-noun

angka kematian bayi (plural angka-angka kematian bayi)

Compound of angka (“rate”) + kematian (“death”) + bayi

com

infant mortality rate
infant mortality rate#English

(demography, medicine) infant mortality rate


bea balik nama

id-noun

bea balik nama (plural bea-bea balik nama)

Compound of bea (“tax; customs”) + balik nama.


kerangka acuan kerja

kerangka acuan kerja (plural kerangka-kerangka acuan kerja)


devolusi

Borrowed from Dutch devolutie (“devolution”), from Middle French dévolution, from Medieval Latin devolutio, devolutionis, from Latin devolvo.

bor+

(biology) the notion that species can revert to supposedly more primitive forms over time.

(government) the transfer of some powers and the delegation of some functions from a central government to local government (e.g. from the U.K. parliament to Scottish parliament and Welsh assembly).


kaku mayat

Compound of kaku (“stiff”) + mayat (“corpse”), calque of Dutch lijkstijfheid (“rigor mortis”, literally “corpse stiffness”).

clq

(forensics, pathology) rigor mortis: temporary stiffness of a body's muscles and joints following death.


depresi pascalahir

Compound of depresi + pasca- + lahir, calque of English postpartum depression.

postpartum depression
postpartum depression#English


TPPU

pencucian uang
pencucian uang#Indonesian

(law enforcement) Initialism of tindak pidana pencucian uang.


SPMK

surat perintah
surat perintah#Indonesian

Initialism of surat perintah mulai kerja.


cinta segitiga

Compound of cinta (“love”) + segitiga (“triangle”), a calque of English love triangle.

com+

love triangle (a situation in which two suitors vie or compete for the love of the same person)


tipografer

tipografêr (canonical)
tipografer-tipografer (plural)

typographer: a person skilled in typography.


braseri

Borrowed from English brassiere, from French brassière, from Old French braciere (originally a lining inside armor to protect the arm, but later a garment), from Old French brace (“arm”), from Latin bracchia, plural of Latin bracchium (“forearm”), from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn, “forearm”), from Proto-Hellenic *brəkʰús (“short”) (because the forearm is shorter than the upper arm), inherited from Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus.

der

(fashion) bra: an item of clothing, usually underwear worn to support the breasts.


braseri

brasêri (canonical)
braseri-braseri (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch brasserie, from French brasserie.

brasserie: a small, informal restaurant that serves beer and wine as well as simple food.

beer bar, beer parlor / beer parlour, alehouse


PLBN

pos lintas batas negara
pos lintas batas negara#Indonesian

Initialism of pos lintas batas negara (“national border-crossing post”).


wagasyi

Borrowed from Japanese 和菓子(わがし) (wagashi, “Traditional Japanese confectionery”).

ja-r

(cooking) wagashi: Traditional Japanese confectionery in various forms, often served with tea.


sel isolasi

Compound of sel (“cell”) + isolasi (“isolation”).

solitary confinement
solitary confinement


KUE

kartu uang elektronik
kartu uang elektronik#Indonesian


HKI

hak atas kekayaan intelektual#Indonesian

(law) Initialism of hak atas kekayaan intelektual (“intellectual property right”).


AKG

angka kecukupan gizi
angka kecukupan gizi#Indonesian

(nutrition) Initialism of angka kecukupan gizi.


tugas akhir

Compound of tugas (“assignment”) + akhir (“final”), calque of Dutch eindwerk.

(education) a task, research, project, assignment or product (usually a thesis) done by student individually (or together with other student, each student must have different title of the subject) in order to complete the requirements for a bachelor, master or doctor degree


pepermin

pepêrmin (canonical)
pepermin-pepermin (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch pepermunt f (“peppermint”). Doublet of permen.

bor+

(botany) a hybrid herb of the mint family (Mentha × piperita).

any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb; peppermint confectionery.


ATHG

Initialism of ancaman, tantangan, hambatan, dan gangguan.


BPJS

jaminan sosial
jaminan sosial#Indonesian

Initialism of badan penyelenggara jaminan sosial (“social security administration agency”).


BPKB

Initialism of buku pemilik kendaraan bermotor (“vehicle log book”).


Initialism of badan penasihat perkawinan dan penyelesaian perceraian (“marriage and divorce advisory board”).

Initialism of balai pengobatan pemberantasan penyakit paru-paru (“lung disease eradication-treatment center”).


pembantu rumah tangga

id-noun

pembantu rumah tangga (plural pembantu-pembantu rumah tangga)

Compound of pembantu (“helper”) + rumah tangga (“household”), calque of Dutch huishoudelijke hulp.


pekerja rumah tangga

id-noun

pekerja rumah tangga (plural pekerja-pekerja rumah tangga)

Compound of pekerja (“worker”) + rumah tangga (“household”), after pembantu rumah tangga. Probably influenced by English domestic worker.


GBHN

garis-garis besar
garis besar#Indonesian

Initialism of garis-garis besar haluan negara (literally “outlines of state direction”).


misbar

Borrowed from Dutch misbaar (“dispensable”).


misbar

contraction of gerimis bubar (“outdoor cinema which the audience dispersed when it rained”).


IKIP

ilmu pendidikan
ilmu pendidikan#Indonesian

(education) acronym of institut keguruan dan ilmu pendidikan.


IPAL

(engineering) acronym of instalasi pengolahan air limbah (“wastewater treatment plant”).


KEP

kurang energi protein
kurang energi protein#Indonesian

Initialism of kurang energi protein (“energy protein deficiency”).


SPOK

(grammar) Initialism of subjek, predikat, objek, dan keterangan.


alat tulis kantor

id-noun

alat tulis kantor (plural alat-alat tulis kantor)

Compound of alat tulis (“writing utensil”) + kantor (“office”). Comparable to Japanese 文房具(ぶんぼうぐ) (bunbōgu, “stationery”, literally “office tools”).


ilmu pendidikan

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + pendidikan (“education”).

com

(education) education sciences, education studies, education theory


KMB

Initialism of kelayakan menggunakan bangunan.


alat pemadam api ringan

id-noun

alat pemadam api ringan (plural alat-alat pemadam api ringan)

Compound of alat + pemadam api (“fire extinguisher”) + ringan (“light, mild”). Comparable to Japanese 簡易消火用具(かんいしょうかようぐ) (kan'ishōkayōgu).

ja-r

簡易消火用具(かんいしょうかようぐ) (kan'ishōkayōgu)


garis besar

Compound of garis (“line”) + besar (“great”), calque of Dutch hoofdtrek (“outline”).

(figurative) outline:
a general description of some subject.

a statement summarizing the important points of a text.

(figurative) outline:
a preliminary plan for a project


energi baru

Compound energi + baru (“new”), calque of English new energy.

new energy: any energy source other than fossil fuels.


hubungan tanpa status

id-noun

hubungan tanpa status (plural hubungan-hubungan tanpa status)

Compound of hubungan (“relationship”) + tanpa (“without”) + status.

com+

(informal) situationship: a romantic or sexual relationship in which the parties involved do not clearly define their relationship as such, but for example consider it "complicated" or a friends with benefits-type situation.


DLLAJR

Initialism of dinas lalu lintas dan angkutan jalan raya (“traffic and road transport service”).


keguruan

kêguruan (canonical)
keguruan-keguruan (plural)

(education) teaching: the profession of educating people


kawasan ekonomi khusus

id-noun

kawasan ekonomi khusus (plural kawasan-kawasan ekonomi khusus)

Compound of kawasan (“area”) + ekonomi (“economy”) + khusus (“special”), calque of English special economic zone.

com

special economic zone
special economic zone#English

special economic zone: an area in which the business and trade laws are different from the rest of the country, to encourage investment and development especially through fiscal incentives.


kedokteran jiwa

Compound of kedokteran (“medicine”) + jiwa (“soul”), calque from Japanese 精神医学(せいしんいがく) (seishin'igaku, “psychiatry”, literally “mind medicine”).


MKDK

(education) Initialism of mata kuliah dasar kejuruan.


MKG

masa kerja golongan
masa kerja golongan#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of masa kerja golongan.


MKDU

(education) Initialism of mata kuliah dasar umum.


PGSD

Initialism of pendidikan guru sekolah dasar (“primary school teacher education”).


PJKA

perusahaan jawatan
perusahaan jawatan#Indonesian

Initialism of perusahaan jawatan kereta api.


PJR

Initialism of patroli jalan raya (“highway patrol”).


NJOP

(taxation) Initialism of nilai jual objek pajak.


PKL

praktik kerja lapangan
praktik kerja lapangan#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of praktik kerja lapangan.

pedagang kaki lima
pedagang kaki lima#Indonesian

(business) Initialism of pedagang kaki lima (“hawker, street vendor”).


perusahaan jawatan

id-noun

perusahaan jawatan (plural perusahaan-perusahaan jawatan)

Compound of perusahaan (“corporation”) + jawatan (“service, office”).

com

(historical) a form of state-owned enterprise whose capital is entirely owned by the government.


peninjauan kembali

id-noun

peninjauan kembali (plural peninjauan-peninjauan kembali)

Compound of peninjauan + kembali, calque of Dutch herziening.

(law) review: judicial reassessment of a case or an event.


praktik kerja lapangan

praktik kerja lapangan (plural praktik-praktik kerja lapangan)

Compound of praktik (“practice”) + kerja (“work”) + lapangan (“field”), calque from Japanese 職場体験(しょくばたいけん) (shokubataiken, literally “workplace practical experience”).

ja-r

(education) industrial placement (UK), internship, work experience (UK), work practicum (US).


PMDK

(education) Initialism of penelusuran minat dan kemampuan (“early admission”, literally “interest and ability exploration”).


pegawai pemerintah

id-noun

pegawai pemerintah (plural pegawai-pegawai pemerintah)

Compound of pegawai (“employee”) + pemerintah (“government”)


id-noun

pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja (plural pegawai-pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja)

/pəˌɡa.wai̯ pə.məˌrin.tah dəˌŋan pər.d͡ʒanˌd͡ʒi.an kərˈd͡ʒa/

[pəˌɡa.wai̯ pə.məˌrin.t̪ah dəˌŋan pər.d͡ʒanˌd͡ʒi.an kərˈd͡ʒa]

Compound of pegawai pemerintah (“government employee”) + dengan (“with”) + perjanjian (“contract”) + kerja (“work”).

com

(government) civil state apparatus who meet certain requirements and are appointed based on a work agreement (contract) for a certain period of time in order to carry out government duties.

id:pegawai pemerintah dengan perjanjian kerja


magersari

magêrsari (canonical)
magersari-magersari (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦩꦒꦼꦂꦱꦫꦶ (magersari, “to build a house by borrowing the yard of the nobles/other people”).

bor+

a person whose house is in someone else's yard; a person who lives on state-owned land and also works on that land


pegawai negeri sipil

id-noun

pegawai negeri sipil (plural pegawai-pegawai negeri sipil)

Compound of pegawai negeri (“government employee”) + sipil (“civilian”, literally “civil”), calque from Japanese 国家公務員(こっかこうむいん) (kokkakōmuin, “national public servant; national government employee”).

ja-r

penstrukturan kembali pegawai negeri sipil

a person employed in the civil service; a government employee

(government) a civil state apparatus, who has been appointed permanently (career) and is entitled to a certain position in his/her task force.


deluang

Borrowed from Javanese ꦢ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦁ (dluwang), from Old Javanese daluwaṅ (“clothing of bark cloth”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaluang.
Doublet of daluang, deluang, and jeluang.


daluang

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese daluwaṅ (“clothing of bark cloth”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaluang. Doublet of daluang, deluang, and jeluang.


candrasengkala

Borrowed from Javanese ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦱꦁꦏꦭ (candrasangkala), from Old Javanese, perhaps from Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra, “moon”) + शककाल (śakakāla, “Shaka era”).

bor+

Javanese chronogram that uses the lunar cycle calculation system.


leleh

melt (molten material, the product of melting)


peleleh

A furnace used for melting iron in a foundry.


pelelehan

melting (the process of changing the state of a substance from solid to liquid by heating it past its melting point)


pervaginaan

Of relating to vagina; can be roughly translated as vaginal.


mariyuana

From English marijuana, from Mexican Spanish marihuana, from mariguana.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa#Translingual

The inflorescence of the Cannabis sativa plant, smoked or ingested for euphoric effect.

marijuana
The hemp plant itself, Cannabis sativa.


kainofobia

From English cainophobia, from the Ancient Greek roots καινός (kainós, “new”) or καινότης (kainótēs, “newness”) + -phobia.

cainophobia (the fear of newness and/or of things that are new)


motivasi

Borrowed from Dutch motivatie, from motiveren + -atie.

Willingness of action especially in behavior.

An incentive or reason for doing something.

(advertising) A research rating that measures how the rational and emotional elements of a commercial affect consumer intention to consider, visit, or buy something.


doksli

Abbreviation of dokumen asli (“original document”).


ekoregion

(ecology) eco-region: a region, smaller than an ecozone, that contains a distinct biodiversity of flora and fauna.


penghidupan kembali

id-noun

penghidupan kembali (plural penghidupan-penghidupan kembali)

Compound of penghidupan (“livelihood”) + kembali (“again, once more”).

com

(biology, ecology) de-extinction: the process of returning an extinct species back into the world.


relung fundamental

id-noun

relung fundamental (plural relung-relung fundamental)

Compound of relung (“niche”) + fundamental.

(ecology) fundamental niche: all the environmental conditions where a species is able to live.


relung ekologi

relung ekologi (plural relung-relung ekologi)

Compound of relung (“niche”) + ekologi (“ecology”).

(ecology) niche: a function within an ecological system to which an organism is especially suited.


suksesi ekologi

suksesi ekologi (plural suksesi-suksesi ekologi)

Compound of suksesi + ekologi, calque of English ecological succession.

ecological succession
ecological succession

(ecology) ecological succession: the process of change in the species that make up an ecological community over time.


relung

rêlung (canonical)
relung-relung (plural)

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">relung</i>

(archaeology) a depression or niche in a temple or building to place a statue

(historical) land area size (some are approximately 5,300 m³, and some are approximately 2,800 m³)


petunjuk

/pəˈtʊɲ.d͡ʒʊʔ/

Information which may lead one to a certain point or conclusion.

An object or a kind of indication which may be used as evidence.

An instance of the information or knowledge so furnished.

A set of directions provided by a manufacturer for the users of a product or service.


uap air

Water in a gaseous state, especially when diffused in the atmosphere.


mainan

Inherited from Malay mainan. Equivalent to main + -an.

Something to play with, especially as intended for use by a child.

A thing of little importance or value; a trifle.


dana amortisasi

id-noun

dana amortisasi (plural dana-dana amortisasi)

Compound of dana (“fund”) + amortisasi (“amortization”).


angka kecermatan

id-noun

angka kecermatan (plural angka-angka kecermatan)

(management) a number which is a presentation obtained from the comparison between the number of letters found and those not found


buku pedoman

Compound of buku (“book”) + pedoman (“guide”).

guide book: a book that provides guidance.


angka kredit

angka kredit (plural angka-angka kredit)

Compound of angka (“point”) + kredit (“credit”).

(management) the unit value of each activity item and/or the accumulated value of the activity items that must be achieved by functional officials which is used as one of the requirements for appointment or promotion in a functional position


berkas tersendiri

berkas tersendiri (plural berkas-berkas tersendiri)

(management) a file that has a specific title to store letters containing the name or subject covered under the file title


angkutan umum

angkutan umum (plural angkutan-angkutan umum)

Compound of angkutan (“transportation”) + umum (“public”).

com

public transportation
public transportation

(transport) public transport, public transportation


dana pelunas

Compound of dana (“fund”) + pelunas (“payer”).

(finance, management) sinking fund: a fund established by an economic entity by setting aside revenue over a period of time to fund a future capital expense or repay a long-term debt.


gardu tol

Compound of gardu (“post, station”) + tol (“toll”),


kartu kendali

id-noun

kartu kendali (plural kartu-kartu kendali)

Compound of kartu (“card”) + kendali (“control”).

(management) control card: document or device used that is marked by some means at each control point to show the completion course correctly.


perlambatan

pêrlambatan (canonical)
perlambatan-perlambatan (plural)


keahlian

kêahlian (canonical)
keahlian-keahlian (plural)

skill: capacity to do something well; technique, ability. Skills are usually acquired or learned, as opposed to abilities, which are often thought of as innate


tugas pokok

Compound of tugas (“task; assignment”) + pokok (“importance”).


latihan jabatan

id-noun

latihan jabatan (plural latihan-latihan jabatan)

Compound of latihan (“training”) + jabatan (“position, post, function”).


latihan keahlian

id-noun

latihan keahlian (plural latihan-latihan keahlian)

Compound of latihan (“training; exercise”) + keahlian (“skill”).


latihan prajabatan

id-noun

latihan prajabatan (plural latihan-latihan prajabatan)

Compound of latihan (“training; exercise”) + prajabatan.


buku pedoman kearsipan

id-noun

buku pedoman kearsipan (plural buku-buku pedoman kearsipan)

Compound of buku pedoman (“guide book”) + kearsipan (“archiving”).


taklukan

conquest (that which is conquered; possession gained by mental or physical effort, force, or struggle)


cegah

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">cegah</i>

(immigration) to restrict travelling abroad


jalan tol

Compound of jalan (“road”) + tol (“toll”),


ekosida

(ecology) ecocide: the complete destruction of an ecosystem due to human activities, such as due to exploitation of resources, nuclear warfare, or the dumping of harmful chemicals.


rantas

Borrowed from Javanese ꦫꦤ꧀ꦠꦱ꧀ (rantas, “severed, snapped”), from Old Javanese rantas (“broken, severed, snapped; tattered”). Doublet of rentas.


naskah dinas

id-noun

naskah dinas (plural naskah-naskah dinas)

(management) official communication tools in written form


pegawai administrasi

pegawai administrasi (plural pegawai-pegawai administrasi)

Compound of pegawai (“employee; government officer, official”) + administrasi (“administration”).

com

administrative officer
administrative officer


pekerja terampil

id-noun

pekerja terampil (plural pekerja-pekerja terampil)

Compound of pekerja (“worker”) + terampil (“skilful, skillful”).


pelamar kerja

id-noun

pelamar kerja (plural pelamar-pelamar kerja)

Compound of pelamar + kerja (“job, work”).

candidate: a person who is applying for a job.


perkuburan

Affixed kubur + per- -an, from Malay perkuburan.


pekerja ahli

pekerja ahli (plural pekerja-pekerja ahli)

Compound of pekerja (“worker”) + ahli (“expert”).

skilled worker: any worker who has special skill, training, knowledge which they can then apply to their work.


eksogen

(biology) exogen: any substance outside the organism

(chemistry) exogen: any substance outside the body and affect the organism


kelabang

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏ꧀ꦭꦧꦁ (klabang, “centipede”), from Old Javanese kalabaṅ (“a kind of poisonous centipede”).


toko kelontong

id-noun

toko kelontong (plural toko-toko kelontong)


modin

Ultimately from Arabic مُؤَذِّن (muʔaḏḏin). Doublet of muazin.

(Islam) village official in charge of Muslim religious affairs


permen karet

Compound of permen (“candy”) + karet (“rubber”),


pengamanan arsip

pengamanan arsip (plural pengamanan-pengamanan arsip)

Compound of pengamanan (“security”) + arsip (“archieve”).


pemeliharaan

pêmêliharaan (canonical)
pemeliharaan-pemeliharaan (plural)


badan pekerja

id-noun

badan pekerja (plural badan-badan pekerja)

Compound of badan (“body”) + pekerja (“worker, laborer, labourer, employee”).


buyung

place to bring water which is made up by clay


pemeliharaan surat

id-noun

pemeliharaan surat (plural pemeliharaan-pemeliharaan surat)


pilkada

pemilihan kepala daerah
pemilihan kepala daerah#Indonesian


KKM

kepala kamar mesin
kepala kamar mesin#Indonesian

(nautical) Initialism of kepala kamar mesin.

(education) Initialism of kriteria ketuntasan minimal.


IKM

ilmu kesehatan masyarakat
ilmu kesehatan masyarakat#Indonesian

(medicine) Initialism of ilmu kesehatan masyarakat (“public health”).

(education) Initialism of implementasi kurikulum merdeka.

(government, management) Initialism of indeks kepuasan masyarakat (“public satisfaction index”).

(business) Initialism of industri kecil (dan) menengah (“small and medium-sized industry”).


pemilihan kepala daerah

pemilihan kepala daerah (plural pemilihan-pemilihan kepala daerah)

pemilihan-pemilihan kepala daerah (plural)

Compound of pemilihan (“election”) + kepala daerah (“head of regional government”).

com

(politics, government) election of head of regional government


kepala daerah

id-noun

kepala daerah (plural kepala-kepala daerah)

Compound of kepala (“leader, chief, head”) + daerah (“region”).

com

(politics, government) head of regional government.


ilmu kesehatan masyarakat

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + kesehatan masyarakat (“public health”).


kepuasan

kêpuasan (canonical)
kepuasan-kepuasan (plural)


sembah sujud

sembah (“worship”) + sujud (“prostrate”)


bundaran

Affixed bundar + -an, from Malay bundaran.


penunjuk

/pəˈnʊɲ.d͡ʒʊʔ/

guide
An tool which guide to do something


destruksi

destruction:
The results of a destructive event.


penginstruksian

instruction (the act of instructing, teaching, or providing with information or knowledge)


instruksi mesin

Semantic loan from English machine instruction.

sl

assembly language
assembly language#English

machine instruction (any of a set of discrete instructions, each with its own binary representation and associated assembly language mnemonic, that a CPU can execute; typically they involve the movement, comparison or manipulation of data)


pancalomba modern

id-noun

pancalomba modern (plural pancalomba-pancalomba modern)


pancalomba

panca- (“five”) + lomba (“contest”). Calque of Ancient Greek πέντᾱθλον (péntāthlon).

calque

Atlet modern^([sic]) pancalomba Sulawesi Selatan kembali mempersembahkan medali kepada Indonesia...

2024 April 23, Abdul Kadir, Atlet Pancalomba Sulsel kembali sumbang perak di Thailand [South Sulawesi Pentathlon Athletes Wins Another Silver in Thailand], Makassar: ANTARAnews:

The modern pentathlon athletes from South Sulawesi have once again brought home medals for Indonesia...


medali perunggu

id-noun

medali perunggu (plural medali-medali perunggu)

Compound of medali (“medal”) + perunggu (“bronze”).


pengawasan preventif

pengawasan preventif (plural pengawasan-pengawasan preventif)

(government, management) supervision of regional regulations and regional decisions regarding certain matters which will only come into effect after direction from authorized officials


pengawasan represif

pengawasan represif (plural pengawasan-pengawasan represif)

(government, management) suspension or cancellation of regional regulations or decisions of regional heads by authorized officials


infiltrasi

Borrowed from Dutch infiltratie (“infiltration”), from Latin infiltrātiō.

bor+

the act or process of infiltrating, as of water into a porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an organ or part of the body.

(Standard Malay)

(hydrology, soil science) process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil.


represi

Borrowed from Dutch repressie (“repression”), from French répression (“repression”) or Latin [Term?].

The act of repressing; state of being repressed.

(politics) the oppression or persecution of an individual or group for political reasons.

(psychology) The involuntary rejection from consciousness of painful or disagreeable ideas, memories, feelings, or impulses.

(sociology) the socially supported mistreatment and exploitation of a group of individuals.

(genetics) the down-regulation of gene transcription by the action of repressor proteins binding to a promoter.


tjipta

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Obsolete form of cipta.


karsinogen

karsinogèn (canonical)
karsinogen-karsinogen (plural)


persyaratan kerja

id-noun

persyaratan kerja (plural persyaratan-persyaratan kerja)

Compound of persyaratan (“requirement”) + kerja (“work”).

com

requirements that must be met by someone to be accepted as an employee or worker


pertimbangan mantap

id-noun

pertimbangan mantap (plural pertimbangan-pertimbangan mantap)

Compound of pertimbangan (“consideration”) + mantap (“strong, determined; very good, great, fantastic, wonderful; stable”).

com

the ability to make calculations and considerations before doing a job


medali perak

id-noun

medali perak (plural medali-medali perak)

Compound of medali (“medal”) + perak (“silver”).


risalah rapat

risalah rapat (plural risalah-risalah rapat)

Compound of risalah (“minutes, proceeding”) + rapat (“meeting”).

com

(management) minute: a (usually formal) written record of a meeting or a part of a meeting.


staf pimpinan

id-noun

staf pimpinan (plural staf-staf pimpinan)

(management) employees and leaders with managerial tasks, such as leading, planning, and supervising


rantai komando

rantai komando (plural rantai-rantai komando)

Compound of rantai (“chain”) + komando (“command”).


sistem karier

Compound of sistem (“system”) + karier (“career”).

(management) a personnel system in which the first appointment of an employee is based on the person's skills


pertimbangan

pêrtimbangan (canonical)
pertimbangan-pertimbangan (plural)

Affixed timbang (“fair, unbiased; weigh, weight”) + per- -an.
* Replaced Dutch beroep (“appeal”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


medali emas

Compound of medali (“medal”) + emas (“gold”).


persyaratan

pêrsyaratan (canonical)
persyaratan-persyaratan (plural)


promosi jabatan

id-noun

promosi jabatan (plural promosi-promosi jabatan)

Compound of promosi (“promotion”) + jabatan (“position, post, function”).


serangan udara

id-noun

serangan udara (plural serangan-serangan udara)


tata usaha

Compound of tata (“order; arrangement; system”) + usaha (“business”), calque from Chinese 管理 (guǎnlǐ, “management”) or calque from Japanese 管理(かんり) (kanri, “management”).
* Used as translation of Japanese 援護(えんご) (engo, “support; help; backing; covering; protection”) and 経営(けいえい) (keiei, “management”).


yustisia

Learned borrowing from Latin jūstitia, iustitia (“justice, fairness, equity”).


strukturalisasi

By surface analysis, struktural + -isasi.

surf

structuralization (the process or result of structuralizing; the giving of structure to something)


caleg

Acronym of calon legislator (“candidate for legislator”).


strukturalisme

By surface analysis, struktural + -isme.

A theory of sociology that views elements of society as part of a cohesive, self-supporting structure.

(biology) A school of biological thought that deals with the law-like behaviour of the structure of organisms and how it can change, emphasising that organisms are wholes, and therefore that change in one part must necessarily take into account the inter-connected nature of the entire organism.

(linguistics) The theory that a human language is a self-contained structure related to other elements which make up its existence.

(psychology) A school of thought that focuses on exploring the individual elements of consciousness, how they are organized into more complex experiences, and how these mental phenomena correlate with physical events.

(mathematics) In the philosophy of mathematics, a theory that holds that mathematical theories describe structures, and that mathematical objects are exhaustively defined by their place in such structures.


tjermin

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Obsolete spelling of cermin.


HUT

hari ulang tahun
hari ulang tahun#Indonesian

Acronym of hari ulang tahun (“anniversary”).


hari ulang tahun

id-noun

hari ulang tahun (plural hari-hari ulang tahun)


syuu

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 州(しゅう) (shū, “first-level administrative division of some countries”). Romanised according modified Kunrei-shiki romanization.


manset lengan

Compound of manset + lengan, literally “arm manchette”.

com+

a tight long-sleeve inner of a short-sleeve clothing


jepit rambut

Compound of jepit (“clip”) + rambut (“hair”).

hair clip (a clip to hold back the hair)


tata praja

Compound of tata + praja, calque of Dutch administratief recht.


pangreh praja

id-noun

pangreh praja (plural pangreh-pangreh praja)

Compound of pangreh + praja (“nation; city; administration”), borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦁꦫꦺꦃꦥꦿꦗ (pangrèh praja).


hipotensi

hypotension (the disease or disorder of abnormally low blood pressure)


alu-alu

Inherited from Malay alu-alu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalu.

barracuda (any large marine fish of the genus Sphyraena that have elongated bodies, a projecting lower jaw, displaying prominent fang-shaped teeth, and are aggressive predators)


tekanan darah rendah

Compound of tekanan (“pressure”) + darah (“blood”) + rendah (“low”).


tekanan darah tinggi

Compound of tekanan (“pressure”) + darah (“blood”) + tinggi (“high”).

high blood pressure; hypertension (abnormally high blood pressure)


joran

fishing rod (a rod, often made in sections, which carries a line used for angling and is used to support both the line and the reel and to cast the line)


tenggala

From Malay tenggala, from Sanskrit लाङ्गल (lāṅgala).

plough (a device pulled through the ground in order to break it open into furrows for planting)


jalan setapak

Compound of jalan (“path”) + setapak (“foot”).


tekanan air

Compound of tekanan (“pressure”) + air (“water”).


petasan

firecracker (a small explosive device, typically containing a small amount of gunpowder in a tightly-wound roll of paper, primarily designed to produce a large bang)

(colloquial) fireworks (a device using gunpowder and other chemicals which, when lit, emits a combination of coloured flames, sparks, whistles or bangs, and sometimes made to rocket high into the sky before exploding, used for entertainment or celebration)


pelonggaran kuantitatif

(economics) quantitative easing: a monetary policy in which the central bank increases the money supply in the banking system, as by purchasing bonds from banks.


hankam

Acronym of pertahanan dan keamanan (“defense and security”).


curanmor

kendaraan bermotor
kendaraan bermotor#Indonesian

Acronym of pencurian kendaraan bermotor (“motorized vehicle theft”).


IGD

instalasi gawat darurat
instalasi gawat darurat#Indonesian


konstruktivisme

From Dutch constructivisme. By surface analysis, konstruktif + -isme.

surf

(art) A Russian movement in modern art characterized by the creation of nonrepresentational geometric objects using industrial materials.

(mathematics) A philosophy that asserts the need to construct a mathematical object to prove it exists.

(philosophy, psychology) A psychological epistemology which argues that humans generate knowledge and meaning from their experiences.


destruksi diri

Compound of destruksi + diri, a calque of English self-destruction.

self-destruction (the act of something destroying itself)


ipoleksosbud

Acronym of ideologi, politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya (“ideology, politics, economics, social, and culture”).


gajah asia

Compound of gajah (“elephant”) + Asia (“Asian”).

Elephas maximus
Elephas maximus#Translingual


pemeluk

pêmêluk (canonical)
pemeluk-pemeluk (plural)

Affixed peng- + peluk, from Malay pemeluk


ekuin

Acronym of ekonomi, keuangan, dan industri (“economy, finance, and industry”).


kaki gajah

Compound of kaki (“leg”) + gajah (“elephant”).


rumput gajah

id-noun

rumput gajah (plural rumput-rumput gajah)

Compound of rumput (“grass”) + elephant (“gajah”).

Artemisia vulgaris
Artemisia vulgaris#Translingual


baru cina

Compound of baru (“new”) + Cina (“China”).


bank perekonomian rakyat

bank perekonomian rakyat (plural bank-bank perekonomian rakyat)

Compound of bank + perekonomian + rakyat.

(finance) community bank: locally operated financial institutions that empower employees to make local decisions to serve their customers and partners.


KIE

Initialism of konseling, informasi, dan edukasi (“counselling, information, and education”).


poleksosbudhankam

acronym of politik, ekonomi, sosial, budaya, pertahanan, dan keamanan (“politics, economy, social, culture, defense, and security”).


kedinasan

kêdinasan (canonical)
kedinasan-kedinasan (plural)

service: the state of being subordinate to or employed by an individual or group.


penanggung jawab

penanggung jawab (plural penanggung-penanggung jawab)

responsible: the individual who bears the responsibility for something.


surat berharga

surat berharga (plural surat-surat berharga)

(finance) certificate: a document evidencing ownership or debt.


semiloka

Acronym of seminar dan lokakarya (“seminar and workshop”).


penanggung

pênanggung (canonical)
penanggung-penanggung (plural)


tahanan politik

tahanan politik (plural tahanan-tahanan politik)

Compound of tahanan (“prisoner”) + politik (“politics”).

com

(law, politics) political prisoner: a person imprisoned for their political views or political activism.


barisan pemuda

id-noun

barisan pemuda (plural barisan-barisan pemuda)

Compound of barisan (“front”) + pemuda (“youth”), calque from Japanese 青年団(せいねんだん) (seinendan, “youth association”).

ja-r

(historical) youth wing: a subsidiary, autonomous, or independently allied front of a larger organization (usually a political party but occasionally another type of organization) that is formed in order to rally support for that organization from members and potential members of a younger age, as well as to focus on subjects and issues more widely relevant among that organization's youth.


dominasi

Borrowed from Dutch dominatie, from Middle French domination, from Old French dominaciun, from Latin dominātiō (“rule, dominion”).

control by means of superior ability, influence, position, or resources; prevailing force.

the exercise of power in ruling; sovereignty; authority; government.


timah panas

(idiomatic, colloquial) bullets; ammunition


pemangku

one who holds someone or something in it's lap

holder (a person who temporarily or permanently possesses something)


rok mini

rok (“skirt”) + mini, calque of Dutch minirok (“mini skirt”) or English miniskirt.


penendangan

kick; kicking (the action of giving a kick)


perokok pasif

id-noun

perokok pasif (plural perokok-perokok pasif)

From perokok + pasif, a calque of English passive smoker


tendangan

A hit or strike with the leg, foot or knee.

kick:
The action of swinging a foot or leg.


kebahasaan

languageness (the quality of being a language)


jurnalistik

journalistics (the systematic and scholarly study of journalism)


ilmu kebahasaan

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + kebahasaan (“linguistic”).


linguistik terapan

applied linguistics (the interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems)


teraju

têraju (canonical)
teraju-teraju (plural)

Inherited from Malay teraju, from Classical Malay تراجو (teraju), from Persian ترازو (tarâzu, “balance, scales; equilibrium, balance”).

der

(figurative) supreme authority; top leader


penjunjung

/pəɲˈd͡ʒuɲd͡ʒuŋ/

one who carries something on the head; upholder

(figurative) honorer (one who honors or highly respects to someone)


junjungan

something that is carried on the head or upheld

(figurative) honor (a cause of respect and fame; a glory; an excellency; an ornament)

(figurative, uncommon) husband (a man in a marriage or marital relationship, especially in relation to his spouse)