kasus

From Dutch casus, from Latin cāsus (“chance, event”), the past participle of cadō (“to fall, happen”).

case (an actual event, situation, or fact)

grammatical case
grammatical case#English

(linguistics, grammar) case (grammatical case)

(medicine, epidemiology) case (an instance of a specific condition or set of symptoms)

(uncommon) synonym of contoh (“example”)

(uncommon) synonym of masalah, soal, or perkara.


leka

(dialect, Jambi) the thin round wooden base for placing the pot


leka

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लेख (lekha).


filateli

Perhaps from Dutch filatelie, from French philatélie. See the etymology more at the English entry philately.

stamp collecting
stamp collecting#English

philately (the study of postage stamps, postal routes, postal history, etc.)


kati

From Malay kati, from Tamil கட்டி (kaṭṭi).

A weight defined as 6¼ ons or 625 grams.


kandela

Learned borrowing from Latin candēla (literally “candle”).

(optics) candela: In the International System of Units, the base unit of luminous intensity; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. Symbol: cd


murid

From Malay murid, from Arabic مُرِيد (murīd).


kolera

Learned borrowing from Latin cholera, from Ancient Greek χολέρα (kholéra, “cholera”).

der

(pathology) cholera: Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


bola

From Malay bola, from Portuguese bola, from Old Occitan bola, from Latin bulla. Doublet of bolu.

ball, a solid or hollow sphere, or roughly spherical mass.

(mathematics) sphere: a regular three-dimensional object in which every cross-section is a circle; the figure described by the revolution of a circle about its diameter.


krem

From Dutch crème, from French crème (modern French chrême), from Old French cresme, from Late Latin crama, Transalpine Gaulish word influenced by Latin chrisma, from Ancient Greek χρῖσμα (khrîsma, “anointing, unction; wall coating, plaster”). Doublet of krim.

krem:

cream: a yellowish white colour; the colour of cream.


bas relief

Unadapted borrowing from French bas-relief (“bas-relief”)

ubor

(sculpture) bas-relief: a low or mostly-flat sculpture which is carved into a wall, or is in the form of a tile mounted flat to a wall, rather than a fully three-dimensional, free-standing figure.


jiwa

From Malay jiwa, from Sanskrit जीव (jīva).

spirit; as a source of enthusiasm, energy or motivating force.

penduduk Jakarta telah melebihi 10 juta jiwa

Jakarta's population has exceeded 10 million people

"Yang dapat menyelamatkan lebih dari 10 juta jiwa dari penyalahgunaan narkoba, yang baru saja dibentuk desk ini pada tanggal 4 November, dan ini adalah capaian yang kami laporkan kepada Bapak Presiden," ucap Jenderal Sigit.

2024 December 11, Zunita Putri, “Kapolri Lapor Capaian Desk Berantas Narkoba ke Prabowo: Selamatkan 10 Juta Jiwa”, in Detik.com:

"The thing which can save more than 10 million lives from drug abuse, was through the formation of this desk on November 4th, and this was the achievement that we reported to the President," said General Sigit.

(figuratively) people, lives; a body of persons considered generally or collectively. (Chiefly when indicating individuals were lost (died) or saved, or when conducting censuses.)

(figuratively) vitality; one's life energy or essence.


kartu

From Dutch kaart (“card”), from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “papyrus, paper”). Doublet of kardus, kartel, karton, katrij, and kertas.

doublet

any flat, normally rectangular piece of stiff paper, plastic etc.

(computing, electronics) a removable electronic device that may be inserted into a powered electronic device to provide additional capability.

printed circuit board
printed circuit board


samosa

From English samosa, from Hindi समोसा (samosā), from Classical Persian سنبوسه (sanbōsa).

(cooking) samosa: a snack, of Indian origin, consisting of a deep-fried triangular turnover filled with vegetables (especially potatoes) or meat.


edamame

édamamé (canonical)
edamame-edamame (plural)


abjad

From Malay abjad, from Classical Malay ابجد (abjad), from Arabic أَبْجَد (ʔabjad).

alphabet (an ordered set of letters used in a language)


dalang

From Malay dalang, from Classical Malay دالڠ (dalang), from Old Javanese ḍalaṅ (“puppeteer”).


rial

From Persian ریال (riyâl). Doublet of riyal and royal.

rial (the official currencies of Iran and Yemen)


diktat

From Dutch dictaat, from Latin dictātum.

(extension) note, a brief piece of writing intended to assist the memory; a memorandum; a minute.


ijaza

Alternative form of ijazah (“certificate, diploma”).


parfum

From Dutch parfum, from Middle French parfum, from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).

compound

a pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor

a substance created to provide a pleasant smell or one which emits an agreeable odor.


cagar

Inherited from Malay cagar, from Old Javanese cagĕr (“to guarantee, ensure”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *gar, *cgar, *cgaar (“to fence, to enclose”).
* The sense of reserve, preserve is semantic loan from Javanese ꦕꦒꦂ (cagar, “preservation”), from the same Old Javanese cagĕr (“to guarantee, to ensure”).


ijazah

Inherited from Malay ijazah, from Arabic إِجَازَة (ʔijāza).


calo

(colloquial) passenger recruiter, ticket scalper, broker.


cuan

From Hokkien 賺 /赚 (choán, “to make a profit”).

bor

Cuanku lima puluh juta bulan ini.


anis

From Dutch anijs, from Middle Dutch anis, from Old French anis, from Latin anīsum, from Ancient Greek ἄνισον (ánison). Cognate of Afrikaans anijs.

Pimpinella anisum
Pimpinella anisum#Translingual


anis

thrush (any of numerous species of songbirds of the cosmopolitan family Turdidae)


jawi

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦮꦶ (jawi, “wild ox, wild bull”).


lila

Borrowed from Dutch lila (“lilac”), from French lilas, from lilacs, the plural of lilac

lila:

(Standard Malay)

a pale purple color, the color of some lilac flowers.


lila

(archaic) small cannons made of copper or bronze


lila

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


esprit de corps

Unadapted borrowing from French esprit de corps (literally “spirit of the group”).


debitor

From English debitor, from Latin debitor.

(finance, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of debitur (“debitor, debtor”)


presenter

someone who presents a thing or person to someone else.

master of ceremonies
master of ceremonies

someone who presents a broadcast programme; a compere or master of ceremonies.


genom

(genetics) genome: the complete genetic information (either DNA or, in some viruses, RNA) of an organism.


spiritus

From Dutch spiritus, from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”). Doublet of spirit.

methylated spirit
methylated spirit#English


calar

Kulitnya tertutupi oleh calar-calar kecil.

Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.


amah

a (Chinese) woman who works as a housemaid


amah

From Malay amah, from Arabic أَمَة (ʔama).


amah

alternative form of amati (“paternal blood aunt”)


konstanta

From Dutch constante, from French constante, ultimately from Latin cōnstō.

(algebra) quantity that remains at a fixed value throughout a given discussion.

(computing) an identifier that is bound to an invariant value; a fixed value given a name to aid in readability of source code.


ronde

From Dutch ronde, from Middle Dutch rondde, from Middle French ronde, from Old French reonde, from Old Spanish ronda, modification of robda, from Arabic ربط. Doublet of ronda.


cincin

From Chinese [Term?] as per Blust (2010-), possibly Hokkien 手指 (chhiú-chí / chhiú-chái / chhiú-cháiⁿ). Compare Malay cincin (“ring”), Brunei Malay cincin (“ring”), Tagalog singsing (“ring”), Ilocano singsing (“ring”), Maranao sising (“ring”), Tausug singsing (“ring”), Khmer ចិញ្ចៀន (ceñciən, “ring”), etc.


kasta

From Portuguese casta, possibly from the feminine of casto (“chaste”), from Old Galician-Portuguese casto, from Latin castus) or from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*kastan) or *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), *kastuz.

der

caste: a separate and fixed order or class of persons in society who chiefly associate with each other, especially hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies.


stadion

From Dutch stadion, from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion), from στάδιος (stádios), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-. Doublet of stadium.

(sports) stadium: a venue where sporting events are held.


maut

From Malay maut, from Classical Malay maut, from Arabic مَوْت (mawt, “death”).


sak

Borrowed from Dutch zak, from Middle Dutch sac, from Old Dutch sac, from Proto-Germanic *sakkuz, from Latin saccus. Doublet of saku.


aide-mémoire

Unadapted borrowing from French aide-mémoire.


tjara

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Obsolete spelling of cara.


bodi

(colloquial) body (human).
physical frame.


gaun

From Malay gaun, from English gown (borrowed from English via Malay without "gown" sense).


jari kaki

toe (each of the five digits on the end of the foot)


jari tangan

Compound of jari + tangan (“hand, arm”).

finger (similar looking extremity in an animal)


propinsi

Superseded spelling of provinsi (“province”).


provinsi

From Dutch provincie (“province”), from Middle Dutch provincie, from Latin prōvincia.


audiometer

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch audiometer.

(medicine) audiometer: an instrument which is used to determine the acuity of hearing.


kanak

From Malay kanak, from Proto-Malayic *anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.


telinga

From Malay telinga, from Proto-Malayic *tAliŋa(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taliŋa, from Proto-Austronesian *Caliŋa.


jari

From Malay jari, from Proto-Malayic *jari (“finger”). Cognate of Old Javanese jariji, Balinese ᬚ᭄ᬭᬶᬚᬶ (jriji), Javanese ꦢꦿꦶꦗꦶ (driji), Indonesian jeriji, Sundanese jariji.

(anatomy) a narrow extremity of the human hand or foot: a finger, thumb, or toe

(zoology) similar or similar-looking structures in other animals.

finger: something similar in function or agency to the human finger, (usually) with regard to touching, grasping, or pointing.


agar-agar

From Malay agar-agar (“jelly”), from Classical Malay اڬر٢ (agar-agar, “jelly”), اڬر٢ (agar2).

inh

agar (a material obtained from a marine alga), agar-agar


zaman

From Malay zaman, from Persian زمان (zamân).

A particular period of time in history, as distinguished from others.

A great period in the history of the Earth.

era; time (a time period of indeterminate length, generally more than one year)

period (a length of time in history seen as a single coherent entity)


kakerlak

(colloquial, rare) cockroach: a black or brown straight-winged insect of the order Blattodea.

(derogatory, rare, dated) European: person living or originating from Europe.


dekameter

dè‧ka‧mè‧têr

Affixed deka- + meter, from Dutch decameter, from French décamètre.

(metrology) An SI unit of length equal to 10¹ meters. Symbol: dam


SDA

sumber daya alam
sumber daya alam#Indonesian

(economics) Initialism of sumber daya alam (“natural resource”).


ammeter

(electricity) ammeter, amperemeter: a device that measures the magnitude of an electric current, especially one calibrated in amperes.


tenggara

tênggara (canonical)
tenggara-tenggara (plural)

From Malay tenggara, from Malayalam തെൻകര (teṉkara, “southeast”).

Asia Tenggara

Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara


perut

From Malay perut, from Proto-Malayic *pərut.

Bukan urusan politik lagi, melainkan urusan perut

Waktu itu engkau masih di dalam perut ibumu.

At that moment, you are in your mother's womb.


animator

Borrowed from English animator. Doublet of animater.

(art) animator, cartoonist: one who creates an animation or cartoon


spirometer

spirometer (an instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs)


atol

Borrowed from Dutch atol, ultimately from Dhivehi އަތޮޅު (atoḷu).


PDU

pakaian dinas upacara
pakaian dinas upacara#Indonesian

Initialism of pakaian dinas upacara (“dress uniform”).


mangaka

Borrowed from Japanese 漫画 (まんがか, mangaka, “a cartoonist; a comics artist”), from 漫画 (manga, “comics”) + 家 (-ka, “-ist”).

bor

mangaka (a professional manga or anime artist)


analgesia

From Ancient Greek ἀναλγησία (analgēsía, “want of feeling, insensibility”).


beban

From Malay beban. All “load” senses, except “burden” sense is a semantic loan from English load. The blasting sense is a semantic loan from English burden.

Adalah beban tarik maksimum yang akan menentukan seberapa besar kekuatan tarik dari material yang diuji.

(engineering) The force exerted on a structural component such as a beam, girder, cable etc.

Cara untuk memperbaiki rugi-rugi daya adalah dengan menyeimbangkan beban trafo distribusi pada jaringan distribusi.

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) The electrical current or power delivered by a device.

Daya semu yaitu daya listrik yang masuk ke beban (motor).

(electrical engineering) Any component that draws current or power from an electrical circuit.

Waktu beban yang ideal untuk mengambil halaman adalah sekitar 3 detik atau kurang dari itu.

(computing) The process of loading something, i.e. transferring it into memory or over a network, etc.

(rock blasting) burden: The distance between rows of blastholes parallel to the major free face (i.e. face of the excavation), or between rows in the usual case where rows are fired in sequence

(figuratively) responsibility, stress, strength.

(Standard Malay)

(business) amount of money levied for a service.

charge:
amount of money levied for a service.

charge:
the scope of someone's responsibility.

beban penyusutan

beban penjualan

liability: a handicap that holds something back, a drawback, someone or something that is a burden to whoever is required to take care of them; an individual or action that exposes others to greater risk.


bota

Inherited from Malay bota (“giant”), from Sanskrit भूत (bhūta, “demon”). Doublet of buta.


salto

Inherited from Malay salto, from Portuguese salto (“jump, leap”), from Old Galician-Portuguese salto, from Latin saltus.


teknologi

tèknologi (canonical)
teknologi-teknologi (plural)

From Dutch technologie, from French technologie or English technology, from Ancient Greek τεχνολογία (tekhnología, “systematic treatment (of grammar)”), from τέχνη (tékhnē, “art”) + -λογία (-logía).

teknologi transmisi radio pembawa tunggal

(rare) the organization of knowledge for practical purposes.

all the different and usable technologies developed by a culture or people.


abras

From Arabic أَبْرَص (ʔabraṣ, “leprous”).


absorben

adsorbent (the solid or liquid in the process of adsorption on which the adsorbate accumulates)


alinea

alinéa (canonical)
alinea-alinea (plural)

From Dutch alinea (“paragraph”), from French alinéa, from Latin a līnea.


amparan

(dialect, Java, construction) a kind of roof.


apuran

Affixed *apur + -an, from Betawi apuran, from Dutch afvoer (“drain; drainpipe”).


doping

(sports) doping, the use of drugs to improve athletic performance.


anestesia

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
William T. G. Morton
id:anestesia

From Ancient Greek ἀναισθησία (anaisthēsía), from ἀν- (an-, “not”) with αἴσθησις (aísthēsis, “sensation”). Coined in 1846 C.E. by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., in a letter to dentist William T. G. Morton, the first practitioner to publicly demonstrate the use of ether during surgery.

an artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.

the loss or prevention of sensation, as caused by anesthesia, lesion in the nervous system or other physical abnormality.


arbitrase

arbitrasê (canonical)
arbitrase-arbitrase (plural)

From Dutch arbitrage, from French arbitrage. Semantic loan from English arbitrage.

(finance, trading) arbitrage: a market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.

a process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute.

a form of justice where both parties designate a person whose ruling they will accept formally.


asisten

From Dutch assistent, from Latin assistēns.

(Standard Malay)

assistant (someone who aids one another)


aspiran

From Dutch aspirant, from French aspirant.

aspirant, someone who aspires to high office, etc.


ayunan

a hanging seat that can swing back and forth, in a children's playground, for acrobats in a circus, or on a porch for relaxing

swing:
the manner in which something is swung

cradle (a bed or cot for a baby, oscillating on rockers or swinging on pivots)


besaran

From besar (“large; big; great; powerful”) + -an.

suf

magnitude (the absolute or relative size, extent or importance of something)

quantity (a fundamental, generic term used when referring to the measurement (count, amount) of a scalar, vector, number of items or to some other way of denominating the value of a collection or group of items)

(mathematics) a number, assigned to something, such that it may be compared to others numerically

of a vector, the norm, most commonly, the two-norm

size (the dimensions or magnitude of a thing; how big something is)


balado

Reconstructed as ber- (“to have, contain”) + lada (“chili pepper”), from Minangkabau balado.

af

(cooking) dish with stir fried ground red hot chili pepper seasoning with other spices including garlic, shallot, tomato and kaffir lime (leaves, fruit, or both) in coconut or palm oil.


anta

From Sanskrit अन्त (antá, “disposition, essence”).


bordes

From Dutch bordes, from Middle Dutch bordessche, from Old French bretesche, bretesque (Modern French bretèche), from Medieval Latin bretescha, bretachia, brateschia, britasca.

a raised platform, often with a flight of steps, that lead into a building.

landing: an intermediate platform between flights of stairs, which normally involves a change in direction


batas

From Malay batas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batəs. Doublet of watas. Cognate of Iban batas (“raised path”), Toba Batak batos, Javanese ꦮꦠꦼꦱ꧀ (wates), Balinese ᬩᬢᭂᬲ (bates), and Sasak bates.

limit (a restriction; a bound beyond which one may not go)


balas

From Malay balas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baləs (“to answer, retaliate; reciprocate good or evil”).


balas

From Dutch ballast, from Middle Dutch ballast.

(nautical) heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.

Coarse gravel or similar material laid to form a bed for roads or railroads, or in making concrete.

(figurative) baggage, something that hampers functioning.


bata

Inherited from Malay bata (“brick”). Cognate of Balinese ᬩᬢ (bata, “brick”), Javanese ꦧꦠ (bata, “brick, brick wall; cube”), Old Javanese bata (“brick; wall”).

cog

a hardened rectangular block of mud, clay etc., used for building.


bata

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bataq, from Proto-Austronesian *bataq. Compare to Tagalog bata (“child”).

marriage between siblings and siblings at the same time.


deposito

From Dutch deposito, from Italian deposito, from Latin deposito.

(finance) deposit, money placed in an account.


curo

(cooking) churro: a fried pastry from Spain, typically eaten as a dessert and with chocolate beverage.


determinan

détèrminan (canonical)
determinan-determinan (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch determinant.

A determining factor; an element that determines the nature of something.

(Standard Malay)

(linear algebra) A scalar that encodes certain characteristics of a given transformation matrix; the unique scalar function over square matrices which is distributive over matrix multiplication, multilinear in the rows and columns, and takes the value 1 for the unit matrix.


distan

Acronym of dinas pertanian (“department of agriculture”).


dividen

From Dutch dividend, from Middle French dividende (Modern French dividende), from Latin dividendum (“thing to be divided”), future passive participle of divido (“to divide”).

der

(arithmetic) a number or expression that is to be divided by another.

(finance, trading) a pro rata payment of money by a company to its shareholders, usually made periodically (eg, quarterly or annually).


domine

From Dutch dominee, from Latin domine, vocative of dominus.


duren

(slang) Contraction of duda keren (“stylist widower”).


fajar

Inherited from Malay fajar, from Classical Malay fajar, from Arabic فَجْر (fajr).

dawn: the morning twilight period immediately before sunrise.

daybreak: The morning twilight immediately before sunrise.


nanas

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch ananas, from Spanish ananás or Portuguese ananás, from Guaraní naná.


firman

From Malay firman, from Classical Malay firman (“permission”), from Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”). Doublet of permana.

Firman Allah

Ten Commandments
Ten Commandments#English

(Christianity) commandment (a divinely ordained command, especially one of the Ten Commandments)


harta

From Malay harta, from Classical Malay arta, harta, from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of arta, arti, and erti.


kersen

From Dutch kersen, plural form of kers (“cherry”), from Middle Dutch kerse, ultimately from Vulgar Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin. Currently largely superseded by ceri.


kers

(dated) Alternative form of kersen (“cherry”).


sains

From Malay sains, from English science, from Middle English science, scyence, from Old French science, escience, from Latin scientia (“knowledge”).

A particular discipline or branch of learning, especially one dealing with measurable or systematic principles rather than intuition or natural ability

natural sciences
natural science#English

science
Specifically the natural sciences


ikon

From Dutch icoon, from Latin īcōn, from Ancient Greek εἰκών (eikṓn, “likeness, image, portrait”).

icon (a religious painting, often done on wooden panels)


loket

From Dutch loket, from Middle Dutch loket.

A ticket window, in extension a counter, an office


lavase

(medicine) lavage: a washing of a hollow organ.


laman

Borrowed from Malay laman. Doublet of halaman.


pasase

Reconstructed as pas + -ase, from Dutch passage, from Middle Dutch passage, from Middle French passage, from Old French passage.

passage:
a paragraph or section of text.

(medicine) the act of passing; movement across or through.


pasaran

Constructed pasar (“market”) + -an, inherited from Malay pasaran. The sense of market day is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦥꦱꦫꦤ꧀ (pasaran).

sl

market: a geographical area where a certain commercial demand exists.

market day: the day of the week in which a market is held in some particular location.


limas

Inherited from Malay limas, from Classical Malay ليمس (limas), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *limas.


pelan

Uncertain, probably from Dutch plein (“square, plaza”), from Old French plain, from Latin plānum (“level ground, a plain”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). If this etymology is correct, then doublet of plan.

plaza; square (an open area used for gathering in a city, often having small trees and seatings)


pesan

(Standard Malay)

a communication, or what is communicated; any concept or information conveyed.

(Standard Malay)

(literature) an underlying theme or conclusion to be drawn from something.

(colloquial) a request for some product or service; a commission to purchase, sell, or supply goods.


plantase

plantasê (canonical)
plantase-plantase (plural)

Affixed *plant + -ase, from Dutch plantage (“plantation”), from French plantage.


liman

Affixed lima (“five”) + -an, inherited from Malay liman (“elephant”), from Javanese ꦭꦶꦩꦤ꧀ (liman), from Old Javanese liman.


presiden

présidèn (canonical)
presiden-presiden (plural)

From Dutch president, from Middle Dutch president, from Old French president, from Latin praesidēns (“presiding over; president, leader”). Not inherited from Malay presiden, which is from English president.

der

(government, politics) the head of state of a republic, either in union with the head of government or separated from the head of government.

(management) primary leader of a corporation. Not to be confused with CEO, which is a related but separate position that is sometimes held by a different person.


prive

(accounting) the action of taking funds from an account or company holdings for individual use; drawing


majas

From Arabic مَجَاز (majāz, “metaphor, allegory, figurative speech”).


pulsa

(physiology) a normally regular beat felt when arteries are depressed, caused by the pumping action of the heart.

(music) the beat or tactus of a piece of music.

pulse,
the beat or tactus of a piece of music.

(Standard Malay)


moderen

modèrên (canonical)
moderen-moderen (plural)


montase

montasê (canonical)
montase-montase (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch montage, from French montage.

(art) montage: A composite work, particularly an artwork, created by assembling or putting together other elements such as pieces of music, pictures, texts, videos, etc.


oferte

From Dutch offerte, from French offerte, offrir, from Old French ofrir, from Vulgar Latin *offerīre, from Latin offerre.

(trading) quotation: a price that has been quoted for buying or selling; the act of setting a price.


miras

Acronym of minuman keras (“liquor, distilled beverage”).


mutan

Borrowed from Dutch mutant, from Latin mutans.


novela

From from Italian novella, from Latin novella, feminine of novellus. Doublet of novela and novelet.

(literature) novel: a work of prose fiction, shorter than a novel.


oren

From English orange, from Middle English orenge, orange, from Old French pome orenge (“Persian orange”, literally “orange apple”), influenced by Old Occitan auranja and calqued from Old Italian melarancio, melarancia, compound of mela (“apple”) and (n)arancia (“orange”), from Arabic نَارَنْج (nāranj), from Classical Persian نارنگ (nārang), from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga, “orange tree”), from Dravidian (compare Tamil நர்தங்காய் (nartaṅkāy), compound of நரந்தம் (narantam, “fragrance”) and காய் (kāy, “fruit”); also Telugu నారంగము (nāraṅgamu), Malayalam നാരങ്ങ (nāraṅṅa), Kannada ನಾರಂಗಿ (nāraṅgi)).


reportase

réportasê (canonical)
reportase-reportase (plural)

From Dutch reportage, from French reportage.


renten

rèntên (canonical)
renten-renten (plural)

From Dutch renten (“interest”, plural noun).


responden

rèspondèn (canonical)
responden-responden (plural)

respondent: a person replying to a questionnaire.


residen

résidèn (canonical)
residen-residen (plural)

→ Chinese: 挨實嗹 /挨实𪡏.

* From Malay residen, from Dutch resident, from French résident, from Latin residens, residentem.
* For sense of physician receiving specialized medical training, semantic loan from English resident.

n-g

a person, animal or plant living at a certain location or in a certain area.

(historical) some official representatives of European colonial powers, while in theory diplomats, in practice exercised a degree of indirect rule, including in Dutch East Indies as head of Dutch residentie or Dutch afdeling.

(medicine) a physician receiving specialized medical training.


sajen

From Javanese sajen (ꦱꦗꦺꦤ꧀), from Old Javanese sajen. Reanalysed as saji + -an. Doublet of sajian.


tajen

From Balinese tajen (ᬢᬚᬾᬦ᭄, “cockfight”). Reanalysed as taji (“spur”) + -an.


tiras

(printing) circulation (number of copies sold of e.g. a newspaper).


sorban

Borrowed from Persian دولبند (“dolband”).


suda

Inherited from Malay suda, from Classical Malay سودا (suda), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suja (“pitfall or trail spikes made of sharpened bamboo”).

inh

pointed caltrops of bamboo planted around a fortress, stockade as a defense


transito

From Dutch transito, from Italian transito, from Latin trānsitus.


unta

From Malay unta, from Prakrit 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa), from Sanskrit उष्ट्र (uṣṭra), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *úštras, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ūsr- (“buffalo”). Compare to English oont, Hindi ऊँट (ū̃ṭ), Konkani ओंटे (oṇṭe), Gujarati ઊંટ (ū̃ṭa).


visite

visitê (canonical)
visite-visite (plural)

From Dutch visite (“visit”), from French visite.

(medicine) ward round, a regular visit paid by the medical staff to hospital inpatients under their care, in order to review their progress.


futanari

From Japanese ふたなり (futanari, “hermaphrodite”).


saki

From Malay saki, from Classical Malay saki.
* From Arabic سَاقِي (sāqī, “cupbearer”).
* From Sanskrit सखि (sakhi, “friend, assistant, brother-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sákʰā, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷH- (“friend, companion”), from *sekʷ- (“follow”). Doublet of saka.


saki

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of sake.


kinase

kinasê (canonical)
kinase-kinase (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kinase, from Ancient Greek κινεῖν (kineîn, “to move”) + -ase, a suffix forming enzyme names.


pom-pom

reduplication

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">pump</i>


suvenir

From Dutch souvenir, from French souvenir, from Middle French soubvenir, from Old French sovenir, from Latin subvenīre (“come to mind, occur to”), from sub + veniō.

der

souvenir (an item of sentimental value, that is given or kept to remember an event or location)


rol

From Dutch rol, from Middle Dutch rolle, from Old French role.


rol

From Dutch rol, rollen, from Middle Dutch rollen, from Old French roeler.


lapisan

a single thickness of some material covering a surface

a (usually) horizontal deposit; a stratum

(computer graphics, by analogy to a stack of transparencies) one in a stack of (initially transparent) drawing surfaces that comprise an image; used to keep elements of an image separate so that they can be modified independently from one another

(networking) one of the seven network switch pieces in the Open Systems Interconnection model: application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical

one of several parallel horizontal layers of material arranged one on top of another

(geology) a layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout

any of the regions of the atmosphere, such as the stratosphere, that occur as layers

a class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status


fenomena

fénoména (canonical)
fenomena-fenomena (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin phaenomena, plural nominative of phaenomenon (“appearance”), from Ancient Greek φαινόμενον (phainómenon, “thing appearing to view”), neuter present middle participle of φαίνω (phaínō, “I show”).

fenomen

superseded spelling; borrowed from Dutch fenomeen

a thing or being, event or process, perceptible through senses

phenomena, phenomenon:
a fact or occurrence thereof.

knowable thing or event (eg by inference, especially in science)

a fact or event considered very unusual, curious, or astonishing by those who witness it.


cahaya

From Malay cahaya, from Sanskrit छाया (chāyā, “lustre, light”).


frasa

From earlier form frase, from Dutch frase, from Late Latin phrasis (“diction”), from Ancient Greek φράσις (phrásis, “manner of expression”), from φράζω (phrázō, “I tell, express”).

phrase: a word or group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence, usually consisting of a head, or central word, and elaborating words.


dispenser

dispènsêr (canonical)
dispenser-dispenser (plural)

From English dispenser, from Anglo-Norman dispensour, from Old French despenseor, from Latin dispensator.


orang utan

From Malay orang utan, compound of orang (“person, man”) + utan (“forest”).


apologia

From Latin apologia (“apology”), from Ancient Greek ἀπολογία (apología, “a speech made in defense of something”). Doublet of apologi.

(Catholicism) apology (formal justification, defence)


hipotenusa

Borrowed from Dutch hypotenusa, from Latin hypotenusa, from Ancient Greek ὑποτείνουσα πλευρά (hupoteínousa pleurá, “side subtending [the right angle]”), from ὑποτείνουσα (hupoteínousa, “stretching, extending, subtending”), active participle of ὑποτείνω (hupoteínō, “subtend, stretch under”).

ὑποτείνουσα πλευρά


antre

queue, a line of people, vehicles or other objects, in which one at the front end is dealt with first, the one behind is dealt with next, and so on, and which newcomers join at the opposite end (the back).


menit

From dialectal Dutch (Standard Dutch minuut), from Middle French minute, from Old French minute, from Latin minūta. Influenced by inherited French-Dutch menuet (“minuet”).

a unit of time equal to sixty seconds (one-sixtieth of an hour).

a unit of angle equal to one-sixtieth of a degree.


umat

From Malay umat, from Arabic أُمَّة (ʔumma, “community”).


aparat

From Dutch apparaat, from Middle French apparat, from Latin apparātus. Doublet of aparatus.

apparatus, staff who work directly on maintaining operations; in particular those of a bureaucracy


antik

From Dutch antiek, from Middle French antique, from Old French antic, from Latin antīquus.


banzai

From Japanese 万歳 (banzai, “long live..., huzzah, hurrah”).

a cry or cheer of "banzai", to express enthusiasm or celebrate victory


dekan

From Dutch decaan (“dean”), from Late Latin decānus.

(education) A senior official in a college or university, who may be in charge of a division or faculty.

(Christianity) A dignitary or presiding officer in certain church bodies, especially an ecclesiastical dignitary, subordinate to a bishop, in charge of a chapter of canons.


dekan

From Malay dekan, from Semelai dkan, from Proto-Aslian *dəka(a)n, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₁kan (“bamboo rat”). Compare Khasi dkhan (“hill rat, mole”), Muong cẳn (“bamboo rat”) and Khmu tkan ("mole").

Rhizomys sumatrensis
Rhizomys sumatrensis#Translingual

large bamboo rat (Rhizomys sumatrensis).


akademi

akadémi (canonical)
akademi-akademi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch akademie, from Middle French académie, from Latin acadēmīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía).


bursa

* Learned borrowing from Latin bursa, from the Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa, “hide, wine-skin”).
* Semantic loan from Dutch beurs.

Bursa Efek Indonesia

(business, economics) exchange: a place for conducting trading.

bursa capres

(by extension, figurative, colloquial) election.


bursa

(anatomy) bursa, any of the many small fluid-filled sacs located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. These sacs serve to reduce friction between the two moving surfaces.


peci

From Dutch petje, diminutive form of pet. Doublet of pet.

Indonesian felt cap, with nationalist connotations, made popular by Sukarno. Usually black, but sometimes white, especially when worn by a haji.


demagog

démagog (canonical)
demagog-demagog (plural)

From Dutch demagoog, from Middle French démagogue, from Ancient Greek δημαγωγός (dēmagōgós, “popular leader, mob leader”) of δῆμος (dêmos, “people”) + ἀγωγός (agōgós, “guide”).


kumbang

From Malay kumbang, from Proto-Malayic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Austronesian *-bəŋ.


universitet

From Dutch universiteit (“university”), from Middle Dutch universiteit, from Old French universitei, from Medieval Latin ūniversitās. Compare to German Universität.

(education, dated) Superseded spelling of universitas.


wayang

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦪꦁ (wayang, “shadow; imagination”), from Old Javanese wayaṅ. Doublet of bayang.

bor

(Indonesia) traditional arts performance (shadow puppetry, theatrical, dance, etc.) originally from Javanese culture.

shadow play:
the performance of shadow play

(figurative) puppet (a person, country, etc, controlled by another); overbeared.


koordinat

From Dutch coördinaat, from Medieval Latin coōrdinātus, past participle of coōrdinō (“I arrange together”), from Latin co- (“together”) + ōrdinō (“I arrange”).


banding

Inherited from Malay banding (“comparison”).
* For sense of appeal (law), probably a semantic loan from Chinese 告 (“to check; to compare”), a variant of 校 (“to check; to compare”). For comparison, see 上告 (“to appeal”, literally “to raise an appeal”) and naik banding (“to appeal”, literally “to raise an appeal”).

zh-l

membandingi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

perbandingan [causative passive + resultative

(law) appeal: an application to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned.


ais

handball: the offence of a player touching the ball with the hand or arm on the field during play.


bromidrosis

bromidrosis (fetid or foul-smelling perspiration)


PIB

(taxation) Initialism of pemberitahuan impor barang.


tian

From Malay tian, from Classical Malay تيان (tian), from Proto-Malayic *tian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian, from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN.


korma

korma-korma (canonical)
korma-korma (plural)

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of kurma (“date”)


andai

From Malay andai, from Classical Malay andai, from Tamil அண்டை (aṇṭai, “near”).


agonis

Borrowed from Dutch agonist (“agonist”), from Latin agōnista, from Ancient Greek ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs, “combatant, champion”).

der

(anatomy) the muscle that contracts while the other relaxes.

(biochemistry, pharmacology) a molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction.


padri

From Malay paderi, from Portuguese padre (“priest”), from Old Galician-Portuguese padre (“father”), from Latin pater, patrem (“father”), from Proto-Italic *patēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (“father”).


bazar

Borrowed from English bazaar or Dutch bazaar, from Middle French bazar or Italian bazar, from Ottoman Turkish بازار (bâzâr), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾl /wāzār/, “market”). Doublet of pasar.


satori

Borrowed from Japanese 悟(さと)り (satori, “understanding, enlightment”).


persero

Alternative spelling of pesero (“shareholder”).


hawa

Inherited from Malay hawa, from Arabic هَوَاء (hawāʔ, “air, atmosphere”).

der

the gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body.

atmosphere, air.
the air in a particular place.


hawa

Inherited from Malay hawa, from Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “love, desire, passion”).


hawa

From Arabic حَوَّاء (ḥawwāʔ, “Eve”), from Hebrew חוה (ḥawwâ).


aci

From Hokkien 阿姊 (a-chí, a-ché, á-chí, “elder sister”) or Hakka 阿姊 (â-chí, â-chè, â-che, “elder sister”).


misi

→ Malay: misi

From Dutch missie. Cognate to Afrikaans missie.

mission,
set of tasks that fulfills a purpose.

a number of people appointed to perform any service; a delegation; an embassy.

(Christianity, Roman Catholicism) religious evangelism.


raden

Borrowed from Javanese ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀ (radèn, “title of middle rank male royal descendants”), from Old Javanese rahadyan, rahaden, radyan, raden, affixed ra- (“His Honour, Your Honour”) + hadyan (“lord, master”).


porsi

From Dutch portie, from Middle Dutch porcie, borrowed from Middle French portion, from Latin portiō.


kedudukan

kêdudukan (canonical)
kedudukan-kedudukan (plural)

Affixed duduk + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kedudukan, from Classical Malay kedudukan.

(law) standing: the right of a party to bring a legal action, based on the relationship between that party and the matter to which the action relates.


rasi

From Malay rasi, from Sanskrit राशि (rāśi), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *rāśíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rāćíš, from *rać- (“to bind, tie”).

(astrology) a sign of the zodiac (as being a certain sum or quantity of degrees), one-twelfth part of the ecliptic, an astrological house

astrology: divination about human affairs or natural phenomena from the relative positions of celestial bodies.

(astronomy) ellipsis of rasi bintang (“constellation”).


sil

(automotive) seal (something designed to prevent liquids or gases from leaking through a joint)


idée fixe

Unadapted borrowing from French idée fixe (“idée fixe, obsession”, literally “fixed idea”).

ubor

(psychiatry, psychology) idée fixe, obsession


buni

From Malay buni, from Classical Malay بوني (buni), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buni, from Proto-Austronesian *buNi (“to hide; conceal”). Doublet of sembunyi.


buni

From Malay buni, from Classical Malay بوني (buni), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀnay. Doublet of brunai.


miksi

From Dutch mictie, from Latin micturio (“to urinate”).


rosario

From Malay rosario, from Portuguese rosário (“rosary”), from Latin rosarium.


FIA

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu administrasi.


kasino

From Dutch casino, from Italian casino, diminutive form of casa (“house”), from Latin casa (“cottage, hut”).

casino:
a public building or room for gambling.


MAN

madrasah aliah
madrasah aliah#Indonesian

(education) acronym of madrasah aliah negeri.


beleid

bêlèid (canonical)
beleid-beleid (plural)

(uncommon, formal) policy; execution of policy.


bahu

* Inherited from Malay bahu, from Classical Malay bahu, from Sanskrit बाहु (bāhu), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *baHźʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”). Doublet of baju.
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦧꦲꦸ (bahu, “arm, village assistant”), from Old Javanese bāhu (“arm”), from the same Sanskrit बाहु (bāhu). See also Javanese bahudendha (“powerful”), from Old Javanese bāhudaṇḍa (“arm; assistant, guard, protection”, literally “long arm, arm-staff”), from Sanskrit बाहुदण्ड (bāhudaṇḍa, “long arm, arm-staff”).

cog

membahu

to shoulder, to carry over one's shoulder


bahu

village chief assistant, kepala dusun (Java)

(music, figurative) edge of musical percussion instrument that takes the form of a flat, circular metal disc which is hit with a mallet, such as gong (the shoulder of the instrument).


bahu

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese bahu (“many, much, frequent”), from Sanskrit बहु (bahu).


sinema

sinéma (canonical)
sinema-sinema (plural)

(uncommon) a movie theatre, a movie house.


gyoza

From Japanese 餃子(ぎょうざ) (gyōza), from Mandarin 餃子／饺子.

(cooking) gyoza: a Japanese crescent-shaped dumpling filled with a minced stuffing and steamed, boiled or fried; the Japanese equivalent of the Chinese jiaozi


banyo

Borrowed from Dutch banjo, from English banjo. Compare Malay banjo.


proses

prosès (canonical)
proses-proses (plural)

From Dutch proces, from Middle Dutch proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin processus, past participle of procedo. Cognate of Afrikaans proses and West Frisian proses.

a series of events which produce a result (the product).

a path of succession of states through which a system passes.


rekening

rèkêning (canonical)
rekening-rekening (plural)

→ Min Nan: 力茄哖 (le̍kkeenî)

→ Tetum: rekening


adagium

adage (an old saying which has obtained credit by long use)


universitas

univêrsitas (canonical)
universitas-universitas (plural)

→ Malay: universitas

→ Tetum: universitas

Learned borrowing from Latin ūniversitās (“university”). Displaced, since 1954, earlier Dutch loanwords universiteit, universitet and universitit.


metrum

mètrum (canonical)
metrum-metrum (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin metrum (“measure”) via Dutch metrum, from Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron, “measure”). Doublet of meter.


pel

From Dutch vel, from Middle Dutch vel, from Old Dutch *fel, from Proto-Germanic *fellą, from Proto-Indo-European *pello-, *pelno-.


personalia

From Dutch personalia, from Latin persōnālia.


gita

From Malay gita, from Sanskrit गीत (gīta).


yuri

(colloquial) yuri (a narrative or visual work featuring a romance or sexual relationship between two or more women)


advies

(1901–1947) superseded spelling of advis.


korting

From Dutch korting (“discount”), from Middle Dutch cortinge.


onderneming

onderneming (canonical)
ondêrnéming (canonical)

From Dutch onderneming (“venture, enterprise, concern”).


karton

Borrowed from Dutch karton, from French carton, from Italian cartone, carta, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “papyrus, paper”). Doublet of kardus, kartel, kartu, katrij, kartrid, and kertas.


klik

From Dutch kliek (“clique”), from French clique.

clique: a small, exclusive group of individuals, usually according to lifestyle or social status; a cabal.


klik

(linguistics): an ingressive sound made by coarticulating a velar or uvular closure with another closure.

the act of operating a switch, etc., so that it clicks.

(computing): the act of pressing a button on a computer mouse, both as a physical act and a reaction in the software.


alkohol

From Dutch alcohol, from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).

(colloquial) Beverages containing ethanol, collectively.


jujutsu

Borrowed from Japanese 柔術 (じゅうじゅつ, jūjutsu), from Japanese 柔 (じゅう, jū, “soft, gentle”) + Japanese 術 (じゅつ, jutsu, “art, technique”). Attested before 1954.

bor

じゅうじゅつ, jūjutsu

der

jujitsu, a method of self-defence established in Japan emphasizing “jū” (soft or gentle) “jitsu” (art or technique). Japanese martial art that utilizes a large variety of techniques in defense against an opponent.


omstandigheid

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch omstandigheid (“circumstance, condition”).


handel

Borrowed from Dutch hendel, handel (“handle”), from English handle, from Middle English handel, handle, from Old English handle (“a handle”), from handlian (“to handle, feel, deal with, discuss”). Doublet of hendel.

bor+

handle (the part of an object which is (designed to be) held in the hand when used or moved)


madrasah

From Malay madrasah, from Arabic مَدْرَسَة (madrasa).


kapital

From Dutch kapitaal, from French capital, from Latin capitālis (“of the head”) (in sense “head of cattle”), from caput (“head”).

capital: money and wealth. The means to acquire goods and services, especially in a non-barter system.


kamp

From Dutch kamp, from Middle French camp, from Latin campus (“open space; field”). Doublet of kampus, kampiun, kampanye, and sampanye.

doublet

camp, an outdoor place acting as temporary accommodation in tents or other temporary structures.


toner

Cosmetic lotion designed to cleanse the skin and shrink pores, usually used on the face.

Powder used in laser printers and photocopiers to form the text and images on the printed paper.


kredo

From Dutch credo (“creed”), from Middle Dutch crede, credo, from Latin crēdō, from Proto-Italic *krezdō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁- (“to place one's heart, i.e. to trust, believe”), compound phrase of oblique case form of *ḱḗr (“heart”) (whence also Latin cor) and *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”).


substantif

From Dutch substantief, from New Latin nōmen substantīvum.


sigar

Borrowed from Dutch sigaar (“cigar”), from French cigare, from Spanish cigarro.


aliran

Inherited from Malay aliran. Equivalent to alir + -an.

flow (movement in people or things characterized with a continuous motion)

flow (the movement of a real or figurative fluid)

stream (a body of moving water confined by banks)

stream (any steady flow or succession of material)

current (the generally unidirectional movement of a gas or fluid)

draft, draught (a current of air, usually coming into a room or vehicle)

draft, draught (the draw through a flue of gasses (smoke) resulting from a combustion process)

(martial arts) style (a particular manner of creating, doing, or presenting something)

school, school of thought, ideology doctrine, philosophy (a particular way of thinking)

pipeline (a conduit made of pipes used to convey water, gas or petroleum etc.)


seka

Borrowed from Balinese ᬲᭂᬓᬵ (seka), ᬲᭂᬓᬳ (sekaha, “villagers' club, society”), from Old Javanese sakhā (“friend”), from Sanskrit सखा (sakhā), सखि (sakhi, “friend”).


fakta

From Dutch facta, plural form of factum, from Latin factum.

fact: something which is real; something actual as opposed to invented.


daya

From Malay daya,
# from Proto-Malayic *daya (“to trick, to fool”).
# from Sanskrit उदय (udaya, “rise, result”).
# from Old Javanese daya (“inner feelings; heart”), from Pali hadaya (“feeling”, literally “heart”), from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya, “soul, mind, spirit”, literally “heart”).
# from Old Javanese daya, dāya, deya (“(future) act; plan”), de (“action; condition; by”) + aya, haya, ayah (“effort”).
The sense of a measure of the rate of work or transferring energy in physics is a semantic loan from Dutch vermogen (“power (physics)”, literally “ability”).

sl

(electricity) electricity or a supply of electricity.

power:
electricity or a supply of electricity.

(Standard Malay)

(classical mechanics) a measure of the rate of doing work or transferring energy, a measure of the effectiveness that a force producing a physical effect has over time.

the strength by which a lens or mirror magnifies an optical image.


daya

From Malay daya, from Proto-Malayic *daya, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daya, from Proto-Austronesian *daya (“towards the inland; south”).

inh

used only in the noun phrase barat daya (“southwest”)


totalisator

From Dutch totalisator, from English totalisator.


kabel

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kabel, from Middle Dutch cabel, from Old Northern French cable, a variant of Old French chable, from Late Latin capulum.


loper

From Dutch loper, from Middle Dutch lopere.

(colloquial) deliveryman, that delivers newspaper, and so on.

(chess) bishop: the chess piece denoted ♗ or ♝ which moves along diagonal lines and developed from the shatranj alfil ("elephant") and was originally known as the aufil or archer in English.


paleontologi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch paleontologie.

paleontology, palaeontology: study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times, especially as represented by fossils.


koka

From Dutch coca, from Spanish coca, from Quechua kuka, perhaps from Aymara.


liang

From Malay liang, from Proto-Austronesian *liaŋ (“cave, cavern”).


liang

A Chinese ounce or tael, reckoned as one-third heavier than the ounce avoirdupois. Short for 臺兩／台两 (“Taiwanese tael, equal to 1/16 of a catty or 37.5 grams”).


liput

Inherited from Malay liput, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *liput, from Proto-Austronesian *lipuC.


kadmium

From Malay kadmium, from English cadmium, from Ancient Greek Καδμεία (Kadmeía), from Κάδμος (Kádmos).


nisan

From Malay nisan, from Classical Persian نشان (nišān), نیشان (nīšān, “sign, mark”), from Middle Persian nyšʾn' (nīšān, “sign, mark, banner”), nyš (nīš-).


faksi

From Dutch factie (“faction”), from Middle French faction, from Latin factiō, factiōnem. Doublet of fatsun and fesyen.

Salah satu ciri Partai Demokratik Liberal adalah bahwa semua anggotanya dalam Diet mengelompok dalam faksi.

A characteristic of Liberal Democratic Party is the members in Diet groups in faction(s).

(politics) faction, a group of people, especially within a political organization, which expresses a shared belief or opinion different from people who are not part of the group.


nila

From Malay nila, from Pali nīla (“blue”), from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark color”).

a plant which produce blue colour, Indigofera suffruticosa

nila:


neng

miss (a title of respect for a young woman (usually unmarried) with or without a name used)


ulos

The woven textile of Batak people, commonly used in indigenous ceremonies (e.g. marriage, funerals, etc.).


opas

From Dutch oppas (“babysitter”), oppassen (“to watch out, beware”).


legenda

lêgènda (canonical)
legenda-legenda (plural)

an unrealistic story depicting past events.

a person related to a legend or legends.

(cartography) a key to the symbols and color codes on a map, chart, etc.


akropolis

From Ancient Greek ἀκρόπολις (akrópolis), from ἄκρος (ákros, “topmost”, “tip”, “summit”) + πόλις (pólis, “city”).


kuilu

From Portuguese coelho. Doublet of kelinci and terwelu.


anoreksia

(pathology) anorexia: loss of appetite, especially as a result of disease.


akne

From Dutch acne, from French acné, from New Latin [Term?], probably a corruption of Ancient Greek ἀκμή (akmḗ).

(dermatology, pathology, uncommon) acne: a skin condition, usually of the face, that is common in adolescents. It is characterised by red pimples, and is caused by the inflammation of sebaceous glands through bacterial infection.


apostrof

From Dutch apostrof, from Middle French apostrophe, from Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos).


geologi

From Dutch geologie, from New Latin geologia, from Ancient Greek γῆ (gê, “earth”) + -logia (“the study of”).


dian

From Malay dian, from Classical Malay dian, from Javanese ꦢꦶꦪꦤ꧀ (diyan, “lamp, lantern”).


klitoris

From Dutch clitoris, from New Latin clitoris, from Ancient Greek κλειτορίς (kleitorís).


konsensus

From Dutch consensus, from Latin cōnsēnsus.

A process of decision-making that seeks widespread agreement among group members.

General agreement among the members of a given group or community, each of which exercises some discretion in decision-making and follow-up action.


anatomi

From Dutch anatomie (“anatomy”), from Middle Dutch anatomye, from Latin anatomia, from Ancient Greek ἀνατομή (anatomḗ, “dissection”).


anakonda

Internationalism, borrowed from English anaconda, from New Latin anacandaia (“python”) [originally referring to a species of constrictor found in Sri Lanka], from Sinhalese හෙනකඳයා (henakaⁿdayā, “whip snake”), from හෙන (hena, “lightning, thunderbolt”) + කඳ (kaⁿda, “stem, trunk, body”).

(zoology) anaconda: Any of various large nonvenomous snakes of the genus Eunectes, found mainly in northern South America.


pahe

Abbreviation of paket hemat. (all senses)


entomologi

From Dutch entomologie, from French entomologie, from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (éntomon, “insect”) + -logie (from Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía, “-logy”)).


solfeggio

Unadapted borrowing from Italian solfeggio.

ubor

(music) solfeggio, solfège: a method of sight singing that uses the syllables do (originally ut), re, mi, fa, sol (or so), la, and si (or ti) to represent the seven principal pitches of the scale, most commonly the major scale. The fixed-do system uses do for C, and the moveable-do system uses do for whatever key the melody uses (thus B is do if the piece is in the key of B). The relative natural minor of a scale may be represented by beginning at la.


laku

From Malay laku, from Classical Malay لاکو (laku).


gravi

(cooking) gravy: a thick sauce made from the fat or juices that come out from meat or vegetables as they are being cooked.


merino

mêrino (canonical)
merino-merino (plural)


BKT

(education) Initialism of biaya kuliah tunggal.


lenso

From Papuan Malay [Term?] or Ambonese Malay [Term?], from Portuguese lenço, from Old Galician-Portuguese lenço, from Latin linteum (“linen cloth”), from linteus.

(dance) tari lenso: a social dance with handkerchief as prop.


conquistador

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish conquistador (“conquistador”, literally “conqueror”).


lipas

From Malay lipas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ipəs (“cockroach”), from Proto-Austronesian *Sipəs (“cockroach”).


saksi

From Malay saksi, sjaksi, from Sanskrit साक्षी (sākṣī), masculine nominative singular form of साक्षिन् (sākṣin, “witness”).


pukimak

(literally, vulgar) (your) mother's vagina

(vulgar, offensive) motherfucker (an extremely contemptible, vicious or mean person)


ayat

From Malay ayat, from Arabic آيَة (ʔāya, “sign, token”).

Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia adalah Kepolisian Nasional yang merupakan satu kesatuan dalam melaksanakan peran sebagaimana dimaksud dalam ayat (1).

National Police Republic of Indonesia is national police in unity in application of the role in the clause (1).

(accounting) entry: a formal record that documents a transaction.


amoniak

From Dutch ammoniak, from Latin ammoniacum.


spora

From Latin spora, either as learned borrowing from Latin or through Dutch spore, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá, “seed, a sowing”).

der

(biology) spore, (a reproductive particle, usually a single cell, released by a fungus, alga, or plant)

spore (a thick resistant particle produced by a bacterium or protist)


plakat

From Dutch plakkaat, from French placard.

placard, a sheet of paper or cardboard with a written or printed announcement on one side for display in a public place.


geng

From English gang, from Middle English gang, from Old English gang (“a journey; way; passage”), from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ-o-s, from *ǵʰengʰ- (“to step; stride”). Doublet of gang.

(colloquial) gang, a company of persons with distinct identity.

(colloquial) gang, a company of persons, especially criminals.


teologi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch theologie, from Old French theologie, from Latin theologia, from Koine Greek θεολογία (theología), θεολόγος (theológos, adjective), from θεός (theós) + λόγος (lógos).


couveuse

Unadapted borrowing from French couveuse (“incubator”, literally “broody hen”).

ubor

(medicine) couveuse: an incubator for sickly infants, especially those born prematurely.


bedak

(cosmetics, pharmacy) powder: a mixture of fine dry, sweet-smelling particles applied to the face or other body parts, to reduce shine or to alleviate chaffing.


LH

lingkungan hidup
lingkungan hidup#Indonesian


renvoi

Borrowed from Dutch renvooi, from French renvoi.

(law) a situation in which a court, tasked with deciding which state's law should apply to a case, decides to apply the law of the forum, based on the determination that a court from another involved state would also apply the law of the forum.

cross-reference in text; a sign that refers to something introduced earlier in a text.

corrections, improvements, additions to an authentic deed by making marks in the margins and must be initialed


genta

From Malay genta (“bell”), from Sanskrit घण्टा (ghaṇṭā, “bell”). Compare Hindi घंटा (ghaṇṭā) / Urdu گَھنْٹَہ (ghanṭa) and Punjabi گَھنْٹا (ghanṭā) / ਘੰਟਾ (ghaṇṭā).


relai

Internationalism, ultimately from French relais, from Old French relaier.
* The verb sense is borrowed from English relay (“to relay, to convey: to pass on or transfer”).
* The noun sense is borrowed from Dutch relais (“relay”).

bor+

(electronics) relay: An electrical actuator that allows a relatively small electrical voltage or current to control a larger voltage or current.


relai

(zoology) pearl snail (Melo melo); pearl conch.


BEM

(education) Acronym of badan eksekutif mahasiswa (“student's executive council”).


stok

From Dutch stock, from Middle Dutch stoc, from Old Dutch stok, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz.

(trading) A store of goods ready for sale; inventory.

(biology) In tectology, an aggregate or colony of individuals, such as trees, chains of salpae, etc.


jin

From Malay jin,
from Classical Malay jin, from Arabic جِنّ (jinn, “genie”).

genie: a jinn, a being descended from the jann, normally invisible to the human eye, but who may also appear in animal or human form.


jin

From Dutch jeans, from English jeans, a shortened form of jean fustian (from Middle English Gene (“Genoa; Genovese”) + fustian (“strong cotton fabric”).

jeans: a pair of trousers made from denim cotton.


jin

From Dutch gin, geneva, alteration of Dutch genever (“juniper”), from Old French genevre (French genièvre), from Latin iūniperus (“juniper”).

gin: a colourless non-aged alcoholic liquor made by distilling fermented grains such as barley, corn, oats or rye with juniper berries; the base for many cocktails.


jin

From Malay jin,
from Classical Malay jin, from Persian زین (zin, “saddle”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (zyn' /zēn/, “saddle”).

der

(obsolete) saddle: a seat (tack) for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal.


apotek

apoték (canonical)
apotek-apotek (plural)

From Dutch apotheek, from Middle Dutch apoteke, from Latin apothēca, from Ancient Greek ἀποθήκη (apothḗkē, “repository”). Doublet of butik.

pharmacy (place where prescription drugs are dispensed)


krans

Borrowed from Dutch krans, from Middle Dutch crans, from Middle High German kranz, from Old High German kranz, probably altered from krenz, ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *kringaz (“circle, ring”).

wreath: An ornamental circular band made, for example, of plaited flowers and leaves, and used as decoration; a garland or chaplet, especially one given to a victor.


benda

From Malay benda (“a valuable thing”), from Sanskrit भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa, “good”). Doublet of banda. Cognate of Javanese ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝ (bandha).


bulbul

Inherited from Malay bulbul, from Classical Persian بلبل (bulbul) or from Arabic بُلْبُل (bulbul).


klem

From Dutch klem, from Middle Dutch clemme, from Proto-Germanic *klampō (“clamp, clasp, cramp”).


kompas

From Dutch kompas, from Middle Dutch compas (“circle; pair of compasses; compass”), from Old French compas, from Medieval Latin compassus (“a circle, a circuit”), from Latin com- (“together”) + passus (“a pace, step, later a pass, way, route”).

compass (a magnetic or electronic device used to determine the cardinal directions (usually magnetic or true north))


trompet

(music) A trumpet (especially one of European origin)

Trompet truk di jalanan mengaung tinggi.

Truck horns in the street blasted shrilly.


hatta

From Malay hatta, from Classical Malay hatta
* from Arabic حَتَّى (ḥattā, “until, as far as, to the point of, even up to; in order to, so that; even”).
* from Pali attha (“welfare, gain, wealth; need, want, use; meaning”), from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha).

(obsolete) therefore, thus, consequently, hence


bloknot

From Dutch blocnote/bloknoot, from French bloc-notes/bloc-note.


bufer

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) a solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid.

(computing) a portion of memory set aside to temporarily store data, often before it is sent to an external device or as it is received from an external device.


batalyon

(military) military official form of batalion


brigadir

From Dutch brigadier, from French brigadier.


bufet

From Dutch buffet, from French buffet, from Middle French bufet, from Old French bufet, of uncertain origin; possibly a Celtic borrowing.

a counter or sideboard from which food and drinks are served or may be bought.

(cooking) food laid out in this way, to which diners serve themselves.


faqih

(Islam, law, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of fakih (“faqih”)


falsafah

From Malay falsafah, from Classical Malay falsafah, from Arabic فَلْسَفَات (falsafāt), فَلْسَفَة (falsafa), either constructed based on فَيْلَسُوف (faylasūf, “philosopher”), or based directly on Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), compounded from φίλος (phílos, “beloved”) + σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”). Doublet of filosofi and filsafat.

compound

philosophy: a view or outlook regarding fundamental principles underlying some domain.


plak

From Dutch plak, from Middle Dutch plagge; placke; plecke; placken, from Old Dutch *plakko, *plakka, from Proto-Germanic *plaggą. Doublet of plakat.

der

(dermatology) a broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule (“inflamed, irritated patch”) on the skin.

(cardiology) an abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.


ambar

From Arabic عَنْبَر (ʕanbar), from Middle Persian ʾmbl (ambar, “ambergris”).

amber: a hard, generally yellow to brown translucent fossil resin, used for jewellery. One variety, blue amber, appears blue rather than yellow under direct sunlight.

ambergris: the waxy product of the sperm whale.


kurkuma

From Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum, “turmeric”), from Sanskrit कुङ्कुम (kuṅkuma).


kalkun

Borrowed from Dutch kalkoen (“turkey”), older Calcoensche haan (modern kalkoense haan), from Calcoen, the then-used name for the Indian city Calicut, modern Kozhikode.

Meleagris gallopavo
Meleagris gallopavo#Translingual


nasi goreng

→ English: nasi goreng

desctree

→ Dutch: nasi goreng
→ Papiamentu: nasigóren

From Malay nasi goreng, from nasi (“rice”) + goreng (“fried”).


referat

From Dutch referaat, from German Referat, from Latin referat, referō.

(medicine, education) report, abstract, summary.


chauvinisme

Alternative spelling of sauvinisme (“chauvinism”)


sekat

Inherited from Malay sekat, from Proto-Malayic *səkat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səkəd. The sense of to stop is semantic loan from Minangkabau [Term?].


sekat

Borrowed from Dutch schaats (“skate, ice skate”), from Middle Dutch schāetse (“stilt”), from Old Northern French escache (“a stilt, trestle”), from Frankish *skakkjā (“stilt”, literally “thing that moves”), from the verb *skakan (“to shake”).


Kristen

From Dutch christen (“Christian”), from Middle Dutch cristen, variant of kersten, from Old Dutch [Term?], from, Ancient Greek Χρῑστιᾱνός (Khrīstiānós) from Latin Christiānus.

(Christianity) Christianity, an Abrahamic religion originating from the community of the followers of Jesus Christ.


karnaval

From Dutch carnaval, from French carnaval, either from Italian carnivale, from Medieval Latin carnelevale, from carnem (“flesh”) + levāre (“lighten, raise”).


kabinet

kabinèt (canonical)
kabinet-kabinet (plural)

→ Min Nan: 甲辦 /甲办, 甲角

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kabinet (“cabinet”), from Middle French cabinet, cabin, from Old French cabane, from Medieval Latin capanna (“a cabin”), of uncertain origin; possibly a metathesis of Latin canaba. Doublet of kabana and kabin.

(politics, government) group of ministers.


fase

From Dutch phase (current spelling fase), from New Latin phasis, from Ancient Greek φάσις (phásis, “an appearance”), from φάειν (pháein, “to shine”).

fase bulan

a distinguishable part of a sequence or cycle occurring over time.

fase padat

(chemistry) a component in a material system that is distinguished by chemical composition and/or physical state (solid, liquid or gas) and/or crystal structure. It is delineated from an adjoining phase by an abrupt change in one or more of those conditions.

sistem tenaga listrik 3 fase

(electrical engineering) in a polyphase electrical power system, one of the power-carrying conductors, or the alternating current carried by it.


kondensator

(electronics) capacitor, an electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.

a device designed to condense a gas into a liquid, either as part of a still, steam engine, refrigerator or similar machine.

a lens (or combination of lenses) designed to gather light and focus it onto a specimen or part of a mechanism.


BAK

buang air kecil
buang air kecil#Indonesian

Initialism of biro administrasi keuangan (“finance bureau”).


iklim

From Malay iklim, from Arabic إِقْلِيم (ʔiqlīm), from Ancient Greek κλίμα (klíma).


konduktor

Learned borrowing from Latin conductor. Doublet of kondektur.
* Semantic loan from English conductor for music sense.

(physics) something that can transmit electricity, heat, light or sound.

(music) a person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble; a professional whose occupation is conducting.


oksigen

oksigèn (canonical)
oksigen-oksigen (plural)

Borrowed from English oxygen, from French oxygène, from Ancient Greek ὀξύς (oxús) + γένος (génos).


komandan

→ Min Nan: 公勃壟 /公勃垄 (kong-pu̍t-lóng)

From Dutch commandant (“commandant”), from French commandant.


kompleks

komplèks (canonical)
kompleks-kompleks (plural)

From Dutch complex, from either French complexe or German komplex, from Latin complexus.


kreditor

(finance, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of kreditur (“creditor”)


kontrol

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

control, influence or authority over something.

Pasien diabetes harus tetap kontrol ke dokter selama pandemi COVID-19.

Diabetic patient will have continued medical checkup during COVID-19 pandemic.


kafe

From Dutch café, from French café, from Italian caffè, from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee”). Doublet of kopi.


kran

From Dutch kraan, from Middle Dutch crāne, from Old Dutch *crano, from Proto-Germanic *kranô, from Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely”). Doublet of keran.

Nonstandard spelling of keran (“tap, faucet”).


registri

(computing) a database of configuration settings etc. maintained by the Microsoft Windows operating system.

(medicine) disease registry, patient registry: collections of secondary data related to patients with a specific diagnosis, condition, or procedure, and they play an important role in post marketing surveillance of pharmaceuticals.


kapitan

From Malay kapitan, borrowed Portuguese capitam (“captain”), from Old Galician-Portuguese capitan, capitam, from Genoese Ligurian capitan, from Late Latin capitānus, from capitāneus, or Latin capitālis. Doublet of kapital and kapten.

Nusa Tenggara Timur
Nusa Tenggara Timur#Indonesian

chieftain in the Eastern Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara Timur) and Mollucas (Maluku)

a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines as community leaders of local foreign communities, such as Kapitan Cina

(archaic) captain
leader chief in the army


kurator

a person who manages, administers or organizes a collection, either independently or employed by a museum, library, archive or zoo.

a member of a curatorium, a board for electing university professors, etc.

liquidator appointed by a judge after bankruptcy.


spion

(colloquial) side mirror, outside mirror, wing mirror (automobile)


estetika

Borrowed from Dutch esthetica (“aesthetic; aesthetics”), from New Latin aesthetica, aestheticus, from Ancient Greek αἰσθητικός (aisthētikós).

bor+

(philosophy) the study or philosophy of beauty

aesthetics
the study or philosophy of beauty

an artist's principles, preferences, and/or his agenda


kupon

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch coupon, from French coupon, couper (“to cut”).

A section of a ticket, showing the holder to be entitled to some specified accommodation or service, as to a passage over a designated line of travel, a particular seat in a theater, a discount, etc.

A voucher issued by a manufacturer or retailer which offers a discount on a particular product.

(finance, obsolete) A certificate of interest due, printed at the bottom of transferable bonds (state, railroad, etc.), given for a term of years, designed to be cut off and presented for payment when the interest is due; an interest warrant.

(finance) Any interest payment made or due on a bond, debenture or similar (no longer by a physical coupon).


eskalator

escalator, a motor-driven mechanical device consisting of a continuous loop of steps that automatically conveys people from one floor to another.


kurs

→ Tetum: kurs

From Dutch koers (“rate, price”), from Middle Dutch coers, from Middle French cours, from Old French cours, from Latin cursus. Doublet of kursus.
* Semantic loan from Dutch wisselkoers (“exchange rate”)


ministri

(Christianity) The clergy of nonapostolic Protestant churches.


konsul

consul (an official residing in major foreign towns to represent and protect the interests of the merchants and citizens of their country)


konsul

konsul-konsul (plural)
konsul (root)
mengkonsulkan (active applicative causative locative)
dikonsulkan (applicative causative locative passive)
konsulkan (applicative causative locative)
konsulkanlah (applicative causative locative)

From Dutch consult, from Middle French consulter, from Latin cōnsultō (“to deliberate, consult”), frequentative of cōnsulō (“to consult, deliberate, consider, reflect upon, ask advice”), from com- (“together”) + -sulō, from Proto-Indo-European *selh₁- (“to take, grab”).

der

(especially medicine) consultation: A conference for the exchange of information and advice; An appointment or meeting with a professional person, such as a doctor.


lesi

From Dutch lesie, laesie (“lesion”), from Latin laesiō (“injury”).

(medicine) an infected or otherwise injured or diseased organ or part.


etika

From Dutch ethica, from Old French ethique, from Late Latin ethica, from Ancient Greek ἠθική (ēthikḗ), from ἠθικός (ēthikós, “of or for morals, moral, expressing character”), from ἦθος (êthos, “character, moral nature”). Doublet of etik.


elektrik

èlèktrik (canonical)
elektrik-elektrik (plural)

From Dutch electric (current spelling elektriek), from French électrique, from Latin ēlectricus, from Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron). Doublet of listrik.


lektor

From Dutch lector, from Latin lēctor (“lecturer, reader”).

(education) functional position of lecturer.

(education) assistant professor (academic rank)

(education) (senior) assistant professor (academic rank)

(Christianity) lector, a lay person who reads aloud certain religious texts in a church service.


makaron

From Dutch makaron, from French macaron, from Italian maccarone.

(cooking) macaron: any of various pastries based on almond and egg white, traditionally made in France.


magistrat

From Dutch magistraat, from Latin magistrātus.

magistrate:
high executive state official


formulator

Borrowed from English formulator, from formulate + -or.


sinonim

From Dutch synoniem, from Latin synōnymum, from Ancient Greek συνώνυμον (sunṓnumon), neuter singular form of συνώνυμος (sunṓnumos, “synonymous”), from σύν (sún, “with”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”).


antonim

From Dutch antonym, from Ancient Greek ἀντωνυμία (antōnumía), from ἀντί (antí, “against”) + ὄνυμα (ónuma, “name, noun”).


mebel

From Dutch meubel, from Middle Dutch meubel, from Old French meuble (French meuble), from Latin mobilis. Doublet of mobil.

piece of furniture
piece of furniture#English


biomassa

Prefixed bio- + massa, from Dutch biomassa.


safir

From Dutch saffier, from Middle Dutch saffier, from Latin sapphirus, from Ancient Greek σάπφειρος (sáppheiros).


pul

From English pooling, pool, from French poule.


tirai

From Malay tirai (“curtain”), from Tamil திரை (tirai, “curtain”), from Sanskrit तिरस् (tiras, “apart, across”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *tr̥Hás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tr̥Hás, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂-ós, from *terh₂-. Doublet of trans-.


bisturi

From Dutch bistouri, from French bistouri, from archaic Italian pistorese or pistorino (“from Pistoia”).

(surgery, colloquial) scalpel; blade; medical knife


mikrob

mikrop (canonical)
mikrob-mikrob (plural)

From Dutch microbe, from French microbe. Pronunciation may be influenced by English.


lenga

Inherited from Malay lenga (“sesame”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *leŋa.

Sesamum indicum
Sesamum indicum#Translingual


tarif

From Dutch tarief, from French tarif, from Middle French [Term?], from Italian tariffa or Spanish tarifa, from Ottoman Turkish تعرفه (ta'rife), from Persian تعرفه (ta'refe), from Arabic تَعْرِفَة (taʕrifa). Doublet of takrif.


M.A.

(education) Abbreviation of Magister Akuntansi.


badai

From Malay badai, from Tamil வாடை (vāṭai, “wind, north wind, chill wind”).


badi

From Malay badi, from Persian بدی (badi, “badness”).


monolog

From Dutch monoloog; ultimately from French monologue


enfant terrible

Unadapted borrowing from French enfant terrible (literally “badly-behaved child”).

ubor

an unconventional badly-behaved person who causes embarrassment or shock to others.

enfant terrible:
(literally) a wild child


coli

Javanese ngocok + Javanese peli. Equivalent to blend of mengocok + pelir.


coli

From Malay coli, culi, probably from Hindi चोली (colī).


basi

Probably from Tamil வாசி (vāci, “rate, discount”).


basi

zh-l

盤子／盘子 (pánzi)


opini

From Dutch opinie, from Middle Dutch opinie, from Old French opinion, from Latin opīniō, from opīnor (“to opine”).

opinion: a belief, judgment or perspective that a person has formed, either through objective or subjective reasoning, about a topic, issue, person or thing.


gusti

From Javanese ꦒꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦶ (gusti), from Old Javanese gusti, from Sanskrit गोष्ठ (goṣṭha, “Śiva”, literally “cow-shed”).


gusti

From Malay gusti, from Persian کشتی (košti, “wrestling”).


versi

a specific form or variation of something.

a translation from one language to another.

an account or description from a particular point of view, especially as contrasted with another account.


filosofi

From Dutch filosofie (“philosophy”), from Old French philosophie, and their source, Latin philosophia, from Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), from φίλος (phílos, “loving”) + σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”). Doublet of falsafah and filsafat.


fotografi

From English photography, from French photographie.

photography: the art and technology of producing images on photosensitive surfaces, and its digital counterpart.


diari

Borrowed from English diary, from Latin diārium (“a daily allowance for soldiers, in Late Latin also ‘diary’”), neuter of *diārius, from diēs (“a day”).

synonym of buku harian (“diary; journal”).


paket

From Dutch pakket, from Middle French pacquet (Modern French paquet), from Dutch pak, from Proto-Germanic *pakkô. Doublet of pak.

a small pack or package; a little bundle or parcel.

(computing) a small fragment of data as transmitted on some types of network, notably Ethernet networks.

something which is packed, a parcel, a box, an envelope.

something which consists of various components, such as a piece of computer software.


ceri

From English cherry, from Middle English chery, cherie, chirie, from Anglo-Norman cherise (mistaken as a plural) and Old English ċiris, ċirse (“cherry”), both ultimately from Vulgar Latin ceresia, from Late Latin ceresium, cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry fruit”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), and ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin. Mostly replaced both kersen and kers.

a small fruit, usually red, black or yellow, with a smooth hard seed and a short hard stem.

Prunus subg. Cerasus
Prunus subg. Cerasus#Translingual

Prunus subg. Cerasus, trees or shrubs that bear cherries.


faktor

From Dutch factor, from Middle Dutch factoor, from Middle French facteur, from Latin factor (“a doer, maker, performer”), from factus (“done or made”), perfect passive participle of faciō (“do, make”).

one of the elements, circumstances, or influences which contribute to produce a result.

(mathematics) any of various objects multiplied together to form some whole.

influence; a phenomenon that affects the nature, the magnitude, and/or the timing of a consequence.


folklor

Borrowed from Dutch folklore, from English folklore.

(literature) folklore: the tales, legends, superstitions and traditions of a particular ethnic population.


valuta

From Dutch valuta, from Italian valuta (“currency”).


ceti

From Malay ceti, from Tamil செட்டி (ceṭṭi, “mercantile class”), from Prakrit 𑀲𑁂𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (sĕṭṭhi), from Sanskrit श्रेष्ठिन् (śreṣṭhin, “merchant”).


visi

Borrowed from Dutch visie, from Middle Dutch visie, from Latin vīsiō. Cognate to Afrikaans visie.

an ideal or a goal toward which one aspires.

something seen; an object perceived visually.

something imaginary one thinks one sees.


misteri

mistéri (canonical)
misteri-misteri (plural)

From Dutch mysterie, from Latin mysterium, from Ancient Greek μυστήριον (mustḗrion, “a mystery, a secret, a secret rite”), from μύστης (mústēs, “initiated one”), from μυέω (muéō, “I initiate”), from μύω (múō, “I shut”).

something secret or unexplainable; an unknown.

someone or something with an obscure or puzzling nature.

(Christianity) A religious truth not understandable by the application of human reason alone (without divine aid).


tipografi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch typografie, from French typographie, from Medieval Latin typographia, from Ancient Greek τυπογράφος (tupográphos, “certified copy”) + -ίᾱ (-íā).


inversi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch inversie, from French inversion.

The action of inverting. Being in an inverted state; being upside down or in a reverse sequence.

(grammar) Deviation from standard word order by putting the predicate before the subject. It takes place in questions with auxiliary verbs and in normal, affirmative clauses beginning with a negative particle, for the purpose of emphasis

(biochemistry) a chemical reaction converting sucrose into glucose and fructose.

(geology) the relative uplift of a previously basinal area resulting from local shortening, in structural geology.

(anatomy, kinesiology) movement of the sole towards the median plane.

An inverted state: a state in which something has been turned (properly) upside down or (loosely) inside out or backwards.

The reverse of any procedure or process.

(mathematics) A second element which negates a first; in a binary operation, the element for which the binary operation—when applied to both it and an initially given element—yields the operation's identity element.

(Standard Malay)

(logic) a type of conditional sentence which is an immediate inference made from another conditional sentence.


tipe

From Dutch type, from Latin typus, from Ancient Greek τύπος (túpos, “mark, impression, type”).

type, a grouping based on shared characteristics; a class.


astronomi

From Dutch astronomie, from Middle Dutch astronomie, from Latin astronomia, from Ancient Greek ἀστρονομία (astronomía).


andrologi

(medicine) andrology: the branch of medicine concerned with male diseases, especially those affecting the male reproductive system.


pediatri

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch pediatrie.

(medicine) paediatrics, pediatrics: The branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of children and adolescents.


geriatri

Borrowed from Dutch geriatrie, from French gériatrie, from Ancient Greek γῆρας (gêras, “old age”) (see γέρων (gérōn)) + ἰατρός (iatrós, “physician”); coined in English in 1909 by Ignatz L. Nascher in the New York Medical Journal on the model of pediatrics.

(medicine) geriatrics: The branch of medicine that focuses on health promotion and the prevention and treatment of disease and disability in later life. The term itself can be distinguished from gerontology, which is the study of the aging process itself.


manipulator

Internationalism, borrowed from English manipulator.


baret

From Betawi [Term?], from Javanese ꦧꦼꦫꦺꦠ꧀ (berét, “scratched”).


baret

From Dutch baret, from Middle French barrete, from dialectal Italian baretta.

a beret, type of cap, also used as part some military uniforms.


regio

Either directly borrowed or through Dutch regio, from Latin regio. Doublet of region.

regio abdomen

(anatomy) region: a place in or a part of the body in any way indicated.


pesta

From Malay pesta, from Portuguese festa, from Old Galician-Portuguese festa, from Late Latin fēsta.

party, a social gathering, a gathering of usually invited guests for entertainment, fun and socializing.


statistika

Internationalism. Learned borrowing from New Latin statistica.

lbor

statistics: a discipline, principally within applied mathematics, concerned with the systematic study of the collection, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data.


magnitudo

(seismology) A measure of the energy released by an earthquake (e.g. on the Richter scale).

(astronomy) A logarithmic scale of brightness defined so that a difference of 5 magnitudes is a factor of 100.

A ratio of intensity expressed as a logarithm.


cula

From Malay cula (“horn”), from Ardhamagadhi Prakrit cūlā, from Sanskrit चूडा (cūḍā).


nego

(slang) apocopic form of negosiasi (“negotiation”)


kusta

From Malay kusta,
from Classical Malay kusta, from Sanskrit कुष्ठ (kuṣṭha).


kalori

From Dutch calorie, from French calorie, from Latin calor.

(nutrition, sports) kilogram calorie, large calorie: A unit of energy 1000 times larger than the gram calorie. It is equivalent to the gram kilocalorie, approximately 4.2 kilojoules.

(chemistry, thermodynamics) gram calorie, small calorie: a non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to approximately 4.2 joules. This unit was widely used in chemistry and physics, being the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C.


katarsis

From Dutch catharsis, from Ancient Greek κάθαρσις (kátharsis, “cleansing, purging”), from καθαίρω (kathaírō, “I cleanse”).

der

(drama, literature) A release of emotional tension after an overwhelming vicarious experience, resulting in the purging or purification of the emotions, as through watching a dramatic production (especially a tragedy).

(psychology) A therapeutic technique to relieve tension by re-establishing the association of an emotion with the memory or idea of the event that first caused it, and then eliminating it by complete expression (called the abreaction).

(Christianity) A purification or cleansing, especially emotional.


katastrofi

From English catastrophe, from French catastrophe, from Latin catastropha, from Ancient Greek καταστροφή (katastrophḗ, “overturning”).

Alternative form of katastrofe (“catastrophe”).


delusi

a false belief that is resistant to confrontation with actual facts.

(psychiatry, psychology) delusion:
the state of being deluded.

that which is falsely or delusively believed or propagated; false belief; error in belief.


kolega

koléga (canonical)
kolega-kolega (plural)


kaktus

From Dutch kaktus (current spelling cactus), from Latin cactus, from Ancient Greek κάκτος (káktos, “cardoon”), of pre-Greek origin.

(botany) any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.

any succulent plant with a thick fleshy stem bearing spines but no leaves, such as euphorbs.


radikal

From Dutch radicaal, from French radical, from Late Latin rādīcālis (“of or pertaining to the root, having roots, radical”), from Latin rādīx (“root”).


intensi

From Dutch intentie (“intention”), from Middle French intention, from Old French entencion, borrowed from Latin intentiō, intentiōnem.

intention
(Catholicism) intention of mass


intensi

From English intension, from Latin intēnsiō (“straining, effort; intensifying”), from intēnsus (“stretched”), perfect passive participle of intendō (“strain or stretch toward”).

(linguistics) intension, any property or quality connoted by a word, phrase or other symbol, contrasted with actual instances in the real world to which the term applies.


fluida

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch fluïda, the plural form of fluïdum, from Latin fluidus (“flowing; fluid”), fluō (“to flow”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to swell; surge; overflow; run”).

(physics) fluid: Any substance which can flow with relative ease, tends to assume the shape of its container, and obeys Bernoulli's principle; a liquid, gas or plasma.


astrologi

From Dutch astrologie, from Middle Dutch astrologie, from Latin astrologia (“astronomy”), from Ancient Greek ἀστρολογία (astrología, “telling of the stars”).


akasia

From Dutch acacia, from Latin acacia, from Ancient Greek ἀκακία (akakía, “shittah tree”), from ἀκή (akḗ, “point”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).


ekonomi

ékonomi (canonical)
ekonomi-ekonomi (plural)

From Dutch economie (“economics, economy”).

effective management of a community or system, or especially its resources.

the study of money, currency and trade, and the efficient use of resources.

(colloquial) management of one’s residency.


panen

Possibly borrowed from Javanese panen, from a circumfixed form of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanih, from Proto-Austronesian *qaniS. The change in form can be reanalyzed as an affixation of *ani + per- -an.

harvest (the yield of harvesting, i.e., the gathered crops or fruits)


tona

From Dutch tonen, plural of toon, from Middle Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.

(linguistics) tone: the pitch of a word that distinguishes a difference in meaning, for example in Chinese.


katan

cut: an opening resulting from cutting; an incision or wound; specifically from sharp objects.


mitra

Borrowed from Javanese ꦩꦶꦠꦿ (mitra, “close friend”), from Old Javanese mitra (“friend”), from Sanskrit मित्र (mitra, “friend, ally”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *mitrás (“friend”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitrás (literally “(that which) causes binding”). Doublet of mahar and mohor.


mitra

Learned borrowing from Latin mitra (“mitre”), from Ancient Greek μίτρα (mítra, “headband, turban”), maybe from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to bind”) or a loan from an Indo-Iranian source.

der

mitre: a covering for the head, worn on solemn occasions by church dignitaries, which has been made in many forms, mostly recently a tall cap with two points or peaks.


gawang

Inherited from Malay gawang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gawaŋ (“gate, opening”), *-waŋ (“wide open space”).


pahat

From Malay pahat, from Classical Malay ڤاهت (pahat), from Old Malay [script needed] (pāhat), from Proto-Malayic *pahət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqət (“chisel”).


kanit

(law enforcement) acronym of kepala unit.


lakon

Reconstructed as laku + -an, from Javanese ꦭꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (lakon). Doublet of lakuan.


cabo

From Xiamen Hokkien 查某 (tsa-bó͘, “woman”).

(chiefly Jakarta, vulgar) prostitute; whore


kurun

Inherited from Malay kurun, from Arabic قَرْن (qarn).


pakat

From Malay pakat, from rebracketing of earlier mupakat, from Arabic مُوَافَقَة (muwāfaqa).


kolon

Learned borrowing from Latin cŏlon (“large intestine”), from Ancient Greek κόλον (kólon, “the large intestine, also food, meat, fodder”).


parit

Inherited from Malay parit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *parij, *parik.

An excavation from which ore or solid minerals are taken, especially one consisting of underground tunnels.

A device intended to explode when stepped upon or touched, or when approached by a ship, vehicle, or person.


antropologi

From Dutch antropologie, from New Latin anthropologia, from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, “man, mankind, human, humanity”) + -λογία (-logía).


mortalitas

Learned borrowing from Latin mortālitās.

mortality:
the state or quality of being mortal.

(demography) deaths resulting from an event (such as a war, epidemic or disaster).

(demography, epidemiology) the number of deaths per given unit of population over a given period of time.


albas

From Dutch albast (“alabaster”), from Latin alabaster (“box for perfume made of alabaster”), from Ancient Greek ἀλάβαστρος (alábastros), from earlier ἀλάβαστος (alábastos, “vase made of alabaster”). This may further derive from Egyptian ꜥj-r-bꜣstjt (“vessel of the Egyptian goddess Bast”).

der

alabaster: a fine-grained white or lightly-tinted variety of gypsum, used ornamentally.


uman

From Javanese ꦲꦸꦩꦤ꧀ (uman, “tongue-lashing”), from Old Javanese *uman (“to abuse; to blame”).


satelit

From Dutch satelliet, perhaps from French satellite, from Latin satellitem (accusative singular of satelles).

A moon or other smaller body orbiting a larger one.

A man-made apparatus designed to be placed in orbit around a celestial body.

A country, state, office, building etc. which is under the jurisdiction, influence, or domination of another body.


makrokosmos

Affixed kosmos + makro-, borrowed from Dutch macrokosmos, from Medieval Latin macrocosmus, from Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long, great, grand”) + κόσμος (kósmos, “universe, order”).


gramatika

Borrowed from Dutch grammatica, from Latin grammatica, from Ancient Greek γραμματική (grammatikḗ, “skilled in writing”), from γράμμα (grámma, “line of writing”), from γράφω (gráphō, “write”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerebh- (“to scratch”).

a system of rules and principles for speaking and writing a language.

a book describing the rules of grammar of a language.

the study of the internal structure of words (morphology) and the use of words in the construction of phrases and sentences (syntax).


padan

Affixed pada (“adequate, enough, sufficient, satisfactory”) + -an, inherited from Malay ڤادن (padan).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">padan</i>


padan

boundary lines that or places for throwing stones in throwing games


ligamen

ligamèn (canonical)
ligamen-ligamen (plural)

From Dutch ligament, from Latin ligāmentum.


anomali

From Dutch anomalie, from French anomalie, from Ancient Greek ἀνωμαλία (anōmalía, “disaccord”).

der

(linguistics, politics) a deviation from a rule or from what is regarded as normal; an outlier.

(physics, biology) any event or measurement that is out of the ordinary regardless of whether it is exceptional or not.

(biology, medicine) a defect or malformation.


Aga

From Ottoman Turkish آغا (aghā, agha) (Turkish ağa), from Proto-Turkic *āka (“elder (brother)”).

An honorific for high officials used in Turkey, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and certain Muslim countries.


Aga

From Balinese ᬳᬕ, from Proto-Austronesian *ága (“early, punctual”). Compare to Tagalog ága (“earliness”).


tutut

Pila ampullacea, a species of freshwater snail.


macan

Panthera tigris
Panthera tigris#Translingual


eksem

Borrowed from Dutch eczeem (“eczema”), from New Latin eczema, from Ancient Greek ἔκζεμα (ékzema, “rash”).

(dermatology, pathology) eczema: a non-contagious acute or chronic inflammation of the skin, characterized by redness, itching, and the outbreak of oozing vesicular lesions which become encrusted and scaly.


grafika

The making of architectural or design drawings.


patologi

From Dutch pathologie, from French pathologie, from Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos, “disease”) and -λογία (-logía, “study of”).

(medicine) the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the nature of disease and its causes, processes, development, and consequences.

(medicine) the medical specialty that provides microscopy and other laboratory services (e.g., cytology, histology) to clinicians.

pathosis: any deviation from a healthy or normal structure or function; abnormality; illness or malformation.


dingdong

(video games) an establishment that runs coin-operated games.


lokus

Learned borrowing from Latin locus (“a place”). Doublet of lokasi.

lbor

(biology) a fixed position on a chromosome that may be occupied by one or more genes.

(mathematics) the set of all points whose coordinates satisfy a given equation or condition.


emisi

From Dutch emissie, from Middle French émission, from Latin ēmissiō (“sending forth”), from ēmittō (“send out”), from ex (“from, out of”) + mittō (“send”).

emission, release,
(physics) of electromagnetic radiation.

emission, release,
of electromagnetic radiation.

emission, release,
(economics) of securities.

emission, release,
(finance) of banknote.


permisi

From Dutch permissie, Middle Dutch permissie, from Middle French permission, from Latin permissio.

authorisation; consent (especially formal consent from someone in authority).

leave: permission to be absent; time away from one's work.


naamloze vennootschap

id-noun

naamloze vennootschap (plural naamloze-naamloze vennootschap)

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch naamloze vennootschap (“public limited company, corporation”, literally “anonymous company”).

ubor

public limited company
public limited company

(business, law) public limited company, corporation


sirkus

From Dutch circus, from Latin circus. Cognate of Afrikaans sirkus.

circus (company of performers; place where this company performs)


ares

From Malay arres, from Dutch arrest (“arrest”), from Middle Dutch arrest, from Old French arest or arester (“to stay, stop”), from Vulgar Latin *arrestare, from Latin ad- (“to”) + restare (“to stop, remain behind, stay back”), from re- (“back”) + stare (“to stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).

der

(colloquial) arrest, the process of arresting.


vigili

From Latin vigil, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“to be strong, lively, awake”). Doublet of baja.

(Catholicism) vigil, the eve of a religious festival in which staying awake is part of the ritual devotions.


AN

(education) Initialism of asesmen nasional (“national assessment”).


elusi

→ Malay: elusi

(analytical chemistry) elution: the process of removing materials that are absorbed with a solvent.


rekan

From Malay rakan, rekan, from Classical Malay rakan, rekan, probably from Tamil ராகம் (rākam) and Sanskrit राग (rāga).


rekan

Probably a hypercorrection of reken (“to count”), a borrowing from Dutch reken, rekenen.


zen

From Japanese 禅 (ぜん, zen), from Middle Chinese 禪 (MC dzyen) (compare Mandarin 禅 (chán), an abbreviation of 禪那 (MC dzyen na), from Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, “a type of meditation”). Akin to dhyana.


akun

* From Dutch account (“account”), from English account, from Middle English, from Anglo-Norman acunte (“account”), from Old French aconte, from aconter (“to reckon”), from Latin computō (“to sum up”).
* The management meaning is a semantic loan from English account (“account”).

semantic loan

(computing) a subscription or an authorization to an electronic service.

(accounting, management) a registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review.


koin

(numismatics) a piece of currency, usually metallic and in the shape of a disc, but sometimes polygonal, or with a hole in the middle.

(cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency; a cryptocoin.


alun

Inherited from Malay alun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalun.


tom yam

From Thai ต้มยำ (dtôm-yam, literally “boil mixture”).

bor

(cooking) tom yam: a Thai soup flavoured with fish sauce, lemongrass, lime juice, and chillies.


puki

From Malay puki, from Proto-Malayic *puki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puki, from Proto-Austronesian *puki.


pola

From Malay pola, from Old Javanese pola (“design”), polah (“conduct, behaviour, doings, undertaking”) (cf. pa- + ulah, hence equivalent to peng- + olah/ulah), olah/ulah (“action, activity”). Doublet of polah. Compare to Indonesian olah (“method, process”), ulah (“behavior, manners, ways”).


pola

a tool for binding bark, made of old black wood.


kera

From Malay kera, from Classical Malay کرا (kĕra).

Maka héwan hoetanpoen djarang meréka berdjoempa dalam perdjalanannja, hanjalah matjam-matjam kera jang banjak dilihatnja berlontjat-lontjatan didahan kajoe dan memboeat roepa-roepa tingkah lakoe jang amat mentertawakan Passepartout.

1922, Mengelilingi Doenia Dalam 80 Hari:

So they rarely met forest animals on they journey, only a variety of monkeys that they saw jumping on the branches of trees and making various kinds of behavior that made Passepartout laugh.

A primate of the clade Hominoidea, generally larger than monkeys and distinguished from them by having no tail; ape.


dupa

From Malay dupa, from Classical Malay دوڤا (dupa), from Sanskrit धूप (dhūpa).


lipan

Inherited from Malay lipan, from Proto-Malayic *hAlilipan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalu-hipan, from Proto-Austronesian *qalu-Sipan.


asetat

asétat (canonical)
asetat-asetat (plural)


kulot

From French culotte, feminine derivative of culot.

culottes: a type of loose shorts which look like a skirt; a divided skirt.