transaksi

From Dutch transactie, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French transaccion, from Late Latin transactio.


proteksi

From Dutch protectie, from Middle French [Term?] ,from Old French protection, from stem of Late Latin prōtectiō (“a covering over”), from Latin prōtēctus, perfect passive participle of prōtegere (“to protect, cover in front”).


sarung tangan

Compound of sarung (“cover”) + tangan (“hand”), calque of Dutch handschoen (“glove”, literally “hand covering”).

clq

glove: an item of clothing other than a mitten, covering all or part of the hand and fingers, but usually allowing independent movement of the fingers.


perseroan terbatas

Compound of perseroan (“company”) + terbatas (“limited”), probably calque from Japanese 有限会社(ゆうげんがいしゃ) (yūgengaisha, literally “limited company”). This term is used to translate Dutch naamloze vennootschap.

ja-r

public limited company
public limited company


segregasi

sègrègasi (canonical)
segregasi-segregasi (plural)

From Dutch segregatie, from French ségrégation, from Latin segregatio.


orientasi

From Dutch oriëntatie, from French orientation.


efektivitas

Borrowed from Dutch effectiviteit. By surface analysis, efektif + -itas.


efisiensi

From Dutch efficiëntie, from Latin efficientia.


afiliasi

From Dutch affiliatie, from French affiliation, from Latin affiliatiō, noun of action from verb affiliō, from af- (form of ad- (“to”) before an f) + filiō (from filius (“son”)).

the relationship resulting from affiliating one thing with another.

a club, society or umbrella organisation so formed.

affiliate: someone or something, that is associated with a larger, related organization.


notasi

From Dutch notatie, from French notation, from Middle French notation, from Latin notātiō.


improvisasi

improvisation: the act or art of composing and making music, poetry, and the like, extemporaneously.


harmonik

(physics) a component frequency of the signal of a wave that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency.

(music) the place where, on a bowed string instrument, a note in the harmonic series of a particular string can be played without the fundamental present.

(mathematics) one of a class of functions that enter into the development of the potential of a nearly spherical mass due to its attraction.


variasi

From Dutch variatie, from Middle French variation, from Old French variacion, from Latin variātiō.
* Semantic loan from English variation.

the act, process or instance of varying.

variation:
a related but distinct thing.

(genetics) the modification of a hereditary trait.

variation:
the modification of a hereditary trait.

(linguistics) a characteristic of language: there is more than one way of saying the same thing.

frill: something extraneous or not essential.


lettre de créance

Unadapted borrowing from French lettre de créance (“letter of credit; letter of credence, letters credential”).

ubor

(diplomacy) letter of credence, letters credential


jabatan fungsional

Compound of jabatan (“position”) + fungsional (“functional”).


aspek

From Dutch aspect. Cognate of Afrikaans aspek.

any specific feature, part, or element of something.

the way something appears when viewed from a certain direction or perspective; the way something appears when considered from a certain point of view.

(grammar) a grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding.


matematika murni

Compound of matematika (“mathematics”) + murni (“pure”).

pure mathematics
pure mathematics#English

pure mathematics: The study of mathematical concepts independently of applications outside mathematics.


matematika terapan

Compound of matematika (“mathematics”) + terapan (“applied”).

applied mathematics
applied mathematics#English


terapan

Affixed terap (“craved”) + -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦿꦥꦤ꧀ (trapan), from Old Javanese trap (“arranged”), tap, tab (“in order”).

inlay: the material placed within a different material in the form of a decoration.


perspektif

From Dutch perspectief, from Middle French or Old French, from the first word of the Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”), the feminine of perspectivus (“of sight, optical”), from perspectus, the past participle of perspicere (“to inspect, look through”), itself from per- (“through”) + specere (“to look at”).

der

the technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface.


penyalahgunaan

Affixed salah guna + peng- -an, calque of Dutch misbruik (“misuse”).

abuse; misuse; improper use; perversion.


dapatan

From Malay dapatan (“income”). Equivalent to dapat + -an.


jerawat

[d͡ʒə.ˈrä.wät̪̚]

(dermatology, pathology) acne: a skin condition, usually of the face, that is common in adolescents. It is characterised by red pimples, and is caused by the inflammation of sebaceous glands through bacterial infection.


abses

From Dutch abces, from Latin abscessus (“a going away; gathering of humors, abscess”), from abscēdō (“go away, depart”), from abs (“away from”) + cēdō (“go”).

(pathology) abscess: a cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue.


asites

From Dutch ascites, from Latin ascītēs, from Ancient Greek ἀσκίτης (askítēs), from ἀσκός (askós, “wineskin”).

(pathology) ascites: an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.


akuisisi

From Dutch acquisitie, from French acquisition, from Old French acquisicion, from Latin acquisītiō, from acquirere.

acquisition
the act or process of acquiring.

acquisition
the thing acquired or gained; a gain.

takeover: the purchase of one company by another; a merger without the formation of a new company, especially where some stakeholders in the purchased company oppose the purchase.


hukum administrasi

(law) administrative law: the division of law that governs the activities of administrative agencies of government.


persepsi

From Dutch perceptie, from Middle French perception, from Latin perceptiō.

perception: the organisation, identification and interpretation of sensory information.


usus dua belas jari

Compound of usus (“intestine”) + dua belas (“twelve”) + jari (“finger”), calque of Dutch twaalfvingerige darm (“duodenum”, literally “twelve-fingered intestine”).


korup

From Dutch corrupt, from Middle French corrupt, from Latin corruptus.

in a putrid state; spoiled; tainted; vitiated; unsound.

in a depraved state; debased; perverted; morally degenerate; weak in morals.

abounding in errors; not genuine or correct; in an invalid state.


bokong

buttocks: the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body between the base of the back, the perineum and the top of the legs.


buah dada

Compound of buah (“fruit”) + dada (“chest, thorax”)

(anatomy) breast: Either or both of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands.


ayunda

Probably from ayu (“beautiful”) + -anda.


remunerasi

remuneration: something given in exchange for goods or services rendered.


ilusi

From Dutch illusie, from French illusion, from Old French illusion, from Latin illūsiō, from illūdere, from in- (“at, upon”) + lūdere (“to play, mock, trick”).

anything that seems to be something that it is not.

(psychology, psychiatry) distortion of the senses, which can reveal how the human brain normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation


surat izin

Compound of surat (“document, letter”) + izin (“permission”, noun), probably calque from Chinese 許可證／许可证 (“permit; license”, literally “to permit + certificate”).

zh-l

permit: an document rendering something allowed or legal.


ventilasi

From Dutch ventilatie, from Middle French ventilation, from Old French ventilacion, from Late Latin ventilatio, from Latin ventilo.

the replacement of stale or noxious air with fresh.

(architecture) the mechanical system used to circulate and replace air.

(medicine, pulmonology, physiology) the bodily process of breathing; the inhalation of air to provide oxygen, and the exhalation of spent air to remove carbon dioxide.


penyanyi

From Malay penyanyi,
from Classical Malay penyanyi. Equivalent to per- + nyanyi.

A person who sings, often professionally; singer.


antisipasi

→ Malay: antisipasi

From Dutch anticipatie, from French anticipation, from Latin anticipatio.

anticipation: the act of anticipating, taking up, placing, or considering something beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.


wakaf

(Islam) waqf, religious endowment, endowment fund.


referensi

ré‧fê‧rèn‧si

From Dutch referentie, from French référence, presumably from Old French referer (14th century), anyway from Latin referre "to relate, refer", literally "to carry back", itself from re- "back" + ferre "to carry, bring".

reference:
a measurement one can compare to.

(semantics) a relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.

a short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.

a previously published written work thus indicated; a source.


agen rahasia

Compound of agen + rahasia, calque of English secret agent.


surat kematian

Compound of surat (“document, letter”) + kematian (“death”), calque of Dutch doodceel.

compound

death certificate
death certificate#English

(healthcare) death certificate: a document issued by a medical practitioner, certifying the date, location and cause of a person's death as later entered in an official register of deaths.


surat jalan

Compound of surat (“document, letter”) + jalan.

delivery order: document from a consignee, or an owner or his agent of freight carrier which orders the release of the transportation of cargo to another party


akta kelahiran

Compound of akta (“certificate”) + kelahiran (“birth”), calque of Dutch geboorteakte.

birth certificate
birth certificate#English


penghantar

pênghantar (canonical)
penghantar-penghantar (plural)

Affixed peng- + hantar. Doublet of pengantar.

(physics) conductor: something that can transmit electricity, heat, light or sound.


kloter

kelompok terbang
kelompok terbang#Indonesian


tepuk tangan

Compound of tepuk (“clap”) + tangan (“hand”). Compare to Dutch handgeklap and Chinese 拍手 (pāishǒu).


program studi

Compound of program + studi, calque of Dutch studieprogramma.

(education) course: a learning programme, whether a single class or (UK) a major area of study.

(education) school: an organizational unit in a higher education institution which is dedicated to teach a specific subject area.


jurusan

Affixed jurus + -an, from Malay jurusan.
* Semantic loan from Dutch richting (“major, specialisation, subject, course”, literally “direction”) for the senses in education.

sl

(education) major: the principal subject or course of a student working toward a degree at a college or university.

(education) subject cluster, subject stream, track: subject grouping at secondary education.


akta kematian

(law) death certificate: a document issued by a registrar, certifying the date, location and cause of a person's death as later entered in an official register of deaths.


kelompok terbang

kelompok (“group”) + terbang (“flight”).


dokter keluarga

Compound of dokter + keluarga, calque of English family doctor

(healthcare) family doctor, family physician.


usus buntu

Compound of usus + buntu, calque of Dutch blindedarm (“caecum”, literally “blind intestine”).

clq

caecum: a cavity open at one end (such as the blind end of a duct), especially a blind pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon.

vermiform appendix
vermiform appendix#English

vermiform appendix: an organ consisting of a blind tube projecting from the caecum, without a known function.


usus kosong

Compound of usus + kosong. Compare to Dutch nuchtere darm and Japanese 空腸(くうちょ) (kūcho).

jejunum: the central of the three divisions of the small intestine which lies between the duodenum and the ileum.


diksi

From Dutch dictie, from Middle French diction, from Latin dictiō.

(linguistics) diction: choice and use of words, especially with regard to effective communication.


akuifer

From Dutch aquifer, from Latin aqua (“water”) + ferō (“I bring”).

(geology) aquifer: an underground layer of water-bearing porous stone, earth, or gravel.


kerakyatan

Affixed rakyat + ke- -an, from Malay kerakyatan.

populism: a political doctrine or philosophy that proposes that the rights and powers of ordinary people are exploited by a privileged elite, and supports their struggle to overcome this.

democracy: belief in political freedom and equality; the "spirit of democracy".


sentralisasi

From affixed sentral + -isasi, from Dutch centralisatie, from French centralisation.

centralization, centralisation: the act or process of centralizing, or the state of being centralized; the act or process of combining or reducing several parts into a whole.


teratai

→ Macanese: trate

Nelumbo nucifera
Nelumbo nucifera#Translingual


sukini

Alternative form of zukini (“courgette”)


zukini

From English zucchini, from Italian zucchini, plural of zucchino, diminutive of zucca (“squash”), from Late Latin cucutia (via metathesis and apheresis), from Latin cucurbita (“gourd”).

zucchini, courgette (a small marrow/squash of the species Cucurbita pepo)


adpertensi

From Dutch advertentie, ultimately from Latin advertentia. Replaced by iklan.

(obsolete) superseded spelling of advertensi (“advertisement”).


Zabur

(Islam) Zabur: the holy book of Daud (David), one of the holy books revealed by Allah before the Quran.

(dated, Christianity) Psalms: the first book of the Ketuvim ("Writings"), the third section of the Tanakh, and a book of the Christian Old Testament.


penadbiran

Affixed tadbir + peng- -an. Cognate of Malay pentadbiran.


juru rawat

Compound of juru (“worker; skilled man; professional”) + rawat, from Malay jururawat, from Javanese ꦗꦸꦫꦸꦫꦮꦠ꧀ (jururawat, “nurse”). Compare to Japanese 看護師(かんごし) (kangoshi, literally “nurse + expert”).


manajemen

Internationalism, from English management.

(Standard Malay)

(management) administration; the use of limited resources combined with forecasting, planning, leadership and execution skills to achieve predetermined specific goals.

(management) the executives of an organisation, especially senior executives.

(medicine) method to treat a disease or condition

management:
method to treat a disease or condition


penasihat

Affixed peng- + nasihat, from Malay penasihat. Translation of semantic loan from Japanese 顧問(こもん) (komon, “adviser, counselor, consultant”), see komon.


pialang

trader, broker (financial services, etc.)


sasirangan

sasirangan: A method (originated from South Kalimantan; invented by Banjarese people) of producing colored designs on textiles by dyeing them, usually with tie or stitch techniques.


songket

A type of cloth made of silk or cotton interwoven with metallic threads which form intricate patterns and motifs.


parangan

From Javanese ꦥꦫꦔꦤ꧀ (parangan) or Javanese ꦥꦫꦁ (parang) + suffix -an.


isoman

isolasi mandiri
isolasi mandiri#Indonesian

acronym of isolasi mandiri (“self-isolation”).


isolasi mandiri

Compound of isolasi (“isolation”) + mandiri (“self”), calque of English self-isolation.


pengusaha kena pajak

pengusaha (“entrepreneur”) + kena pajak (“taxable”)

(taxation) taxable entrepreneur for VAT purpose


bokugo

From Japanese 防空壕(ぼうくうごう) (bōkūgō, “air raid shelter”).

ja-r

Tak mau aku tjari bokugo atau tempat perlindungan.

Ada bokugo di sini?

air-raid shelter
air-raid shelter#English

(obsolete) air-raid shelter: structures for the protection of non-combatants as well as combatants against enemy attacks from the air.


wajib pajak

Compound of wajib (“oblige; shall”) + pajak (“tax”). Replaced Dutch belastingplichtig (“taxpayer”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

(taxation) taxpayer: a person who is subject to, liable for, or pays tax as opposed to a nontaxpayer who is neither the subject nor the object of revenue laws.


penghasilan kena pajak

Compound of penghasilan (“income”) + kena pajak (“taxable”), a calque of English taxable income.

com+

(taxation) taxable income (the base upon which an income tax system imposes tax)


proses verbal

id-noun

proses verbal (plural proses-proses verbal)

From Dutch proces-verbaal, from French procès-verbal.

Synonym of berita acara (“complaint, law enforcement account or report”)


pencakar langit

pencakar langit (plural pencakar-pencakar langit)

→ Malay: pencakar langit

Compound of pencakar (“scratcher”) + langit (“sky”), coined by Indonesian linguist Anton Moedardo Moeliono, calque of English skyscraper.

coinage

(architecture) skyscraper, a very tall building with a large number of floors.


bawang bombai

id-noun

bawang bombai (plural bawang-bawang bombai)

From bawang (“Allium sp.”) + Bombai (“Bombay, Former name of Mumbai”).


bawang merah

id-noun

bawang merah (plural bawang-bawang merah)

Compound of bawang (“Allium sp.”) + merah (“red”), from Malay bawang merah.


selop

From Dutch slof (“house or bedroom slipper”). Doublet of slof.


tokoh publik

Compound of tokoh + publik, calque of English public figure.

public figure: a famous person whose life is the subject of public interest.


translasi

From Dutch translatie, from Latin trānslātiō (“transfer”).

(mathematics, physics) a motion or compulsion to motion in a straight line without rotation or other deformation.

(geometry) a geometric transformation that moves every point of a figure or a space by the same distance in a given direction.

(genetics) the process whereby a strand of mRNA directs assembly of amino acids into proteins within a ribosome.


ayam pedaging

ayam pedaging (plural ayam-ayam pedaging)

Compound of ayam (“chicken”) + pedaging (“meat producer”), calque of Dutch vleeskuiken (“broiler”, literally “flesh + chicken”).

clq

broiler: a chicken suitable for broiling.


pesisir

From Malay pesisir, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siDsiD.


cabang

Inherited from Malay cabang, from Proto-Malayic *cabaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *cabaŋ (“bifurcation, forking”).
Cognate of Malay cawang.

inh

the woody part of a tree arising from the trunk and usually dividing.

any of the parts of something that divides like the branch of a tree.

a location of an organization with several locations.


surat izin penggeledahan

surat izin (“permit”) + penggeledahan (“search”), literally “searching permit”

compound

(law, Indonesia) search warrant: permit issued by Head of District Court in the form of a warrant, authorizing the search of a home and/or other privacy-protected place(s), notably to seek unlawful possessions, evidence etc. as part of a judicial inquiry.


surat perintah penggeledahan

surat perintah (“warrant”) + penggeledahan (“search”), literally “search warrant”

surat izin penggeledahan
surat izin penggeledahan

(law, Indonesia) search warrant: a document issued by police, authorizing the investigator(s) to search of a home and/or other privacy-protected place(s), notably to seek unlawful possessions, evidence etc. as part of a judicial inquiry. In a normal search, at execution the document shown together with surat izin penggeledahan.


RSUP

rumah sakit umum pusat
rumah sakit umum pusat#Indonesian

Initialism of rumah sakit umum pusat (“central general hospital”).


RSUD

rumah sakit umum daerah
rumah sakit umum daerah#Indonesian

Initialism of rumah sakit umum daerah (“regional general hospital”).


surat perintah

Compound of surat (“document”) + perintah (“order”), calque of Dutch bevelschrift. Compare to Chinese 令狀／令状 (“warrant, writ”, literally “order certificate”) or Japanese 令状(れいじょう) (reijō, “warrant, writ”).

zh-l

warrant:
an order that serves as authorization.

(law) a judicial writ authorizing an officer to make a search, seizure, or arrest, or to execute a judgment.


notenbalk

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch notenbalk (“musical stave”, literally “(musical) note beam, bar”).

ubor

(music) musical stave, set of lines to write notes on


RSU

rumah sakit umum
rumah sakit umum#Indonesian

Initialism of rumah sakit umum (“general hospital”).


rumah sakit umum pusat

Compound of rumah sakit umum (“general hospital”) + pusat (“central”).


rumah sakit umum daerah

Compound of rumah sakit umum (“general hospital”) + daerah (“regional”).


ketuban pecah dini

Compound of ketuban (“amniotic fluid”) + pecah (“rupture”) + dini (“early”).

(pathology, obstetrics) premature rupture of the membranes: breakage of the amniotic sac before the onset of labor.


rumah sakit ibu dan anak

Compound of rumah sakit (“hospital”) + ibu (“mother”) + dan (“and”) + anak (“child”).


rumah sakit jiwa

Compound of rumah sakit (“hospital”) + jiwa (“soul”), calque of Dutch psychiatrisch ziekenhuis (“psychiatric hospital”).

clq

psychiatric hospital
psychiatric hospital#English

(healthcare) mental hospital, psychiatric hospital: hospitals specializing in the treatment of serious mental disorders.


KIPI

(medicine) Acronym of kejadian ikutan pascaimunisasi (“adverse event following immunization”).


rumah sakit umum

Compound of rumah sakit (“hospital”) + umum (“general”), calque of Dutch algemeen ziekenhuis.

com

(healthcare) general hospital: a type of hospital that they admit all types of medical and surgical cases.


sereal

From English cereal, from French céréale (“having to do with cereal”), from Latin Cerealis (“of or relating to Ceres”), from Ceres (“Roman goddess of agriculture”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- (“grow”).

der

(sciences) a type of grass (such as wheat, rice or oats) cultivated for its edible grains; the grains of such a grass.


tangkeb

From Sundanese [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋkep (“seize, grip”). Doublet of tangkap.

inh

(dialect) trap: a machine or other device designed to catch animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.


serangan

an attempt to cause damage, injury to, or death of opponent or enemy; an attempt to detract from the worth or credibility of, a person, position, idea, object, or thing, by physical, verbal, emotional, or other assault.

(pathology) the sudden onset of a disease or condition; an active episode of a chronic or recurrent disease.


kecerdasan artifisial

Compound of kecerdasan + artifisial, calque of English artificial intelligence.

clq

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence#English


lembaga pemikir

think tank: a group of people who collectively perform research and develop reports and recommendations on topics relating to strategic planning or public policy, and which is usually funded by corporate, government, or special interests.


banaspati

From Javanese ꦧꦤꦱ꧀ꦥꦠꦶ (banaspati, “fire-demon”) (compare Balinese ᬩᬦᬲ᭄ᬧᬢᬶ (banaspati, “a lord of demon”)), from Old Javanese banaspati (“wood-devil; big tree”), from Sanskrit वनस्पति (vanaspati, “name of a gandharvī”).

der

(mythology) a kind of evil spirit with flame shapes like a fireball that often hovering in the night.


pemukiman

(proscribed) a community of people living together, such as a hamlet, village, town, or city.


protokol kesehatan

health protocol: rule, guideline in health subject.


kecerdasan buatan

Compound of kecerdasan + buatan, calque of English artificial intelligence.


gampong

From Acehnese gampông, from Proto-Malayic *puŋ (“to collect, gather”). Doublet of kampung.

A traditional Aceh administrative division which is a subdivision of mukim and divided into several dusun or jurong.


perhitungan

calculation:
the act or process of calculating.


presidensi

From English presidency, from Medieval Latin praesidentia.

the time during which one is president; a president's term of office.

presidency:
the office or role of president.


hutang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutaŋ (“debt”). Cognate with Javanese and Tagalog utang. Doublet of piutang


buku rujukan

reference book: a book (or the electronic equivalent) to which one can refer for information.


pendapat

From Malay pendapat. Reconstructed as peng- + dapat.


gol bunuh diri

Compound of gol (“goal”) + bunuh diri (“suicide”), literally “suicidal goal”, a calque from Japanese 自殺点(じさつてん) (jisatsuten, “own goal”, literally “suicide point”).

ja-r

(soccer) own goal (a goal that results from a player putting the ball or puck into the goal of their own team; the resulting goal being scored for the opposition)


elpiji

liquefied petroleum gas
liquefied petroleum gas#English

the container in which LPG is typically stored


ilmu bahasa

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + bahasa (“language”), a calque of Dutch taalkunde or taalwetenschap.

com+

linguistic (the systematic and scholarly study of language)


ikat pinggang

[ˈɪkat̚ ˈpɪŋɡaŋ]

Compound of ikat + pinggang. Compare to Chinese 腰帶／腰带 (“belt”, literally “waist band”).

belt: a band worn around the waist to hold clothing to one's body (usually pants), hold weapons (such as a gun or sword), or serve as a decorative piece of clothing.


linguistik

From Dutch linguïstiek, from linguïst + -iek.

linguistics (the systematic and scholarly study of language)


penampakan

the act of appearing or coming into sight; the act of becoming visible to the eye.

the way something looks; personal presence.


gelar griya

Compound of gelar + griya.
Coined by Indonesian engineer Ivan Lanin in July 2014.


pintu terbuka

id-noun

pintu terbuka (plural pintu-pintu terbuka)

pintu (“door”) + terbuka (“open”), calque of English open door.


leraian

(literature) dénouement; conclusion; resolution; unravelling.


penghormatan

reverence: an act of showing respect, such as a bow.


pengeruk

scraper: an instrument with which anything is scraped.


pengurukan

activity of landfill or land reclamation.


pengeringan

[pəŋəˈrɪŋan]


produksi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch productie, from French production, from Latin prōductiō, prōductiōnem (“a lengthening, prolonging”). Equivalent to produk + -si.

der

production (the act of producing, making or creating something)

production (that which is manufactured or is ready for manufacturing in volume)


penghasil

breadwinner (primary income-earner in a household)


belian

purchase, property, possession, acquisition: That which is obtained, got or acquired, in any manner, honestly or dishonestly.


belian

From Malay belian, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balian (“shaman, shamaness; shamanistic ceremony”). Cognate of Balinese ᬩᬮ᭄ᬬᬦ᭄ (balian).


belian

Bornean ironwood, billian, ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri).


mata air

Compound of mata + air, from Malay mata air, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mata nu wahiR (“spring of water, source of a river”).

spring: a spray or body of water springing from the ground.


kamar mandi

Compound of kamar (“room”) + mandi (“bath”), probably calque of Dutch badkamer (“bathroom”).

bathroom: a room containing a shower and/or bathtub, and (typically but not necessarily) a toilet.

lavatory: a room containing a toilet and (typically but not necessarily) a bathtub.


telemedisin

(healthcare) telemedicine: the transfer of medical information via telecommunication technologies for the purpose of consulting or for remote medical procedures or examinations.


varisela

Learned borrowing from New Latin varicella, diminutive of variola (“pox”).

lbor

(pathology) varicella, chicken pox: a common childhood disease caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV), Human alphaherpesvirus 3 (HHV-3).


valuasi

From Dutch valuatie, from Middle French valuation, noun of action from valuer, from Old French valoir, from Latin valēre.

(finance) valuation: an estimation of something's worth; the process of estimating the value of a financial asset or liability.


cacar air

Compound of cacar (“pox”) + air (“water”), calque from Chinese 水痘 (“chicken pox”, literally “water + small pox”).


prosiding

proceeding: A published collection of papers presented at an academic conference, or representing the acts of a learned society.


rumah tangga

Compound of rumah (“house”) + tangga (“ladder, stair”), literally “laddered/staired house”.

com+

household (collectively, all the persons who live in a given house)

household (entirety of work and management required to sustain the household)


telemedis

tele- + medis (“medical”), from English telemedicine.


cacar

Inherited from Malay cacar, from Hindi चेचक (cecak).

(pathology) variola, smallpox: An acute, highly infectious often fatal disease caused by Variola virus of the family Poxviridae. It was completely eradicated in the 1970s. Those who survived were left with pockmarks.


skrining

screening:
the process of checking or filtering.

(medicine) a method to identify a disease in a population which is not showing any symptoms of this disease.


kartu identitas pensiun

kartu identitas (“Identity card”) + pensiun (“pension”).


jicing

[ˈd͡ʒit͡ʃɪŋ]

From Chinese 煙燼／烟烬, compound of 煙 /烟 (yān, “opium”) + 燼 /烬 (jìn, “ashes”).


kartu identitas

Compound of kartu (“card”) + identitas (“identity”).


penutup

covering (that which covers or conceals; a cover; something spread or laid over or wrapped about another)

closing (the end or conclusion of something)


bahan bakar penerbangan

bahan bakar (“fuel”) + penerbangan (“aviation”), calque of English aviation fuel.


sdr

(text messaging) Abbreviation of saudara.


paket hemat

promotion package (in restaurants, cafes, and stores)

(slang, drugs) Very small doses of powdered drugs (such as methamphetamine and heroin), usually below 0,5 g (500 mg)


Sdr.

Abbreviation of Saudara. A title used before the name, equivalent to Mr. in English.


proefrit

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch proefrit (“test ride, test drive”).


valuta asing

Compound of valuta (“currency”) + asing (“foreign”), calque of English foreign currency.


kekasih

Inherited from Malay kekasih, equavilent to ke- + kasih.


KDRT

kekerasan dalam rumah tangga
kekerasan dalam rumah tangga#Indonesian

Initialism of kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (“domestic violence”).


anyam

From Malay anyam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *añam.


kekerasan dalam rumah tangga

Compound of kekerasan (“violence”) + dalam (“in”) + rumah tangga (“household”), literally “violence in household”, from Dutch huiselijk geweld (“domestic violence”). Compare to Japanese 家庭内暴力 (kateinai-bōryoku, “domestic violence”, literally “violence in-household”).

noncog

domestic violence
domestic violence#English


triwulan

quarter, trimester (period of three months)


alat pelindung diri

Compound of alat (“tool”) + pelindung (“protector”) + diri (“self”), literally “self-protector tool”, calque of English personal protective equipment.

clq

personal protective equipment
personal protective equipment#English


kekerasan

Affixed keras + ke- -an. The sense of violence is a semantic loan from Dutch geweld.

violence: action which causes destruction, pain, or suffering.

force, coercion: power exerted against will or consent; compulsory power.


tarik tali

Compound of tarik + tali, inherited from Malay tarik tali.

(rare) tug of war: a game or competition in which two teams pull or tug on opposite ends of a rope trying to force the other team over the line which initially marked the middle between the two teams.


ilmu pasti

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + pasti (“sure, certain”), calque of Dutch wiskunde (“mathematics”, literally “art of what is known”) and Dutch exacte wetenschap.
* Sense of exact science is reinforced by semantic loan from English exact science.
* Sense of mathematics was displaced by matematika.

sl

Kesarjanaan al - Biruni terutama sekali dijuruskan untuk matematika (ilmu pasti)....

Al-Biruni scholarship was in mathematics....


pasta gigi

Compound of pasta (“paste”) + gigi (“tooth”), literally “tooth paste”, a calque of Dutch tandpasta (“toothpaste”).


ilmu eksakta

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + eksakta (“exact”), calque of Dutch exacte wetenschap.


akuntansi

From Dutch accountancy, from English accountancy.

akuntansi pendapatan dan produk nasional

accounting: the development and use of a system for recording and analyzing the financial transactions and financial status of an individual or a business.

accountancy: the function of compiling and providing financial information primarily by reports referred to as financial statements, including bookkeeping, systems design, analysis and interpretation of accounting information.


caturwulan

Affixed catur- (“four”) + wulan (“month”), calque of Latin quadrimestris. Compare to French quadrimestre.

(education, historical) the previous school term in Indonesia, one third of a school year, consist of four months period.


terali

From Dutch tralie, from Middle Dutch trailie, tralie, traelge, from Middle French treille (Modern French treille), from Latin trichila.


akar pangkat dua

id-noun

akar pangkat dua (plural akar-akar pangkat dua)

Compound of akar (“root”) + pangkat (“power”) + dua (“two”), calque of Dutch tweedemachtswortel (“square root”).


kerosak

sound made by stepping or walking on dry leaves.


kecerdasan

intelligence: capacity of mind, especially to understand principles, truths, facts or meanings, acquire knowledge, and apply it to practice; the ability to comprehend and learn.


lembar kerja

id-noun

lembar kerja (plural lembar-lembar kerja)

lembar (“sheet”) + kerja (“work”), calque of English worksheet.


kertas kerja

kertas kerja (plural kertas-kertas kerja)

Compound of kertas (“paper”) + kerja (“work”), calque of English working paper.

(dated) working paper: an authoritative report, generated by a team investigating a specific issue or scenario to propose solutions or enhancements, can be likened to a document that records preliminary figures, notes, data, or account analyses.

routine work involving written documents


manifes

Borrowed from Dutch manifest, from Middle French manifeste, from Latin manifestus, manufestus (“palpable, manifest”), from manus (“hand”) + *infestus, participle of *infendō (“strike”). Doublet of manifesto.

a list or invoice of the passengers or goods being carried by a commercial vehicle or ship.

manifesto: a public declaration of principles, policies, or intentions, especially that of a political party.


manifestasi

Borrowed from Dutch manifestatie, from French manifestation, from Latin manifestātiō.

manifestation (the embodiment of an intangible, or variable thing)


fardu

From Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “obligation”). Doublet of perlu.

(Islam) a duty or obligation believing Muslims must practice


tata negara

Compound of tata + negara.
* The term was used to translate Japanese 国体(こくたい) (kokutai, “the character of the nation; national polity”).

ja-r

(government) constitution: the formal or informal system of primary principles and laws that regulates a government or other institutions.


tukur

Asian barbet (any bird of the family Megalaimidae)


sdt

Lowercase spelling and dot absence follow English tsp.

Abbreviation of sendok teh (“tsp, teaspoon”).


teknik mesin

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + mesin (“machine”), calque of Dutch werktuigbouwkunde (“mechanical engineering”).

clq

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering#English

mechanical engineering: the subfield of engineering concerned with designing and building machines and mechanical systems.


teknik kimia

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + kimia (“chemistry”), calque of English chemical engineering.

com

chemical engineering
chemical engineering#English

chemical engineering: the branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction and operation of industrial process plants, and the physical, chemical and biological processes to create substances or energy in a useful and economic form.


teknik sipil

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + sipil (“civil”), calque of Dutch civiele techniek.

civil engineering
civil engineering#English

civil engineering: the branch of engineering that deals with the technical design and construction of public works (buildings, roads, bridges, harbors, public greens ...) and/or technically equivalent private (usually corporate) ones.


pindapata

From Pali piṇḍapāta, from Sanskrit पिण्ड (piṇḍa, “food, sustenance”) + पात (pāta).


teknik elektro

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + elektro, calque of Dutch elektrotechniek (“electrical engineering”).

clq

electrical engineering
electrical engineering#English

(engineering) electrical engineering: the branch of engineering that deals with the technology of electricity, especially the design and application of circuitry and equipment for power generation and distribution, machine control, and communications.


dokter jawa

Compound of dokter (“doctor, physician”) + Jawa.


puntung

Banyak puntung rokok yang dibuang sepanjang jalan ini

There's a lot of butts being littered down this road.

The remains of something that partially has been burned


sepak

From Malay sepak, from Old Javanese sepak (“to kick”).


sepak

From Malay sĕpak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sapak.

slap: the sound of blow, especially one given with the open hand, or with something broad and flat.


sepak

From Dutch spaak (“spoke; boom or handle”), from Middle Dutch spake, an Ingvaeonic form of the more usual speke, from Old Dutch *spēka, from Proto-Germanic *spaikǭ.

(colloquial) spoke: a support structure that connects the axle or the hub of a wheel to the rim.


kebenaran

Affixed benar + ke- -an, from Malay kebenaran.


ziarah

From Malay ziarah, from Arabic زِيَارَة (ziyāra).


terdiri

to consist, to be composed, to be made up.


tiap

From Betawi [Term?], from Chinese Hakka 帖 (thiap, “classifier for doses of herbal medicine”).

zh-l

rent: a payment made by a tenant at intervals in order to occupy a property.


perdagangan

perdagangan narkotika dan psikotropika ilegal


sekuriti

From English security, from Middle English securite, from Middle French securité (Modern French sécurité), from Latin sēcūritās, from Latin sēcūrus (“safe, secure”). Doublet of sekuritas.

security: an organization or department responsible for providing security by enforcing laws, rules, and regulations as well as maintaining order.


kuotasi

(trading) quotation: a price that has been quoted for buying or selling; the act of setting a price.


neraca ekspor-impor

Compound of neraca (“balance”) + ekspor (“export”) + impor (“import”).

com

neraca perdagangan
neraca perdagangan#Indonesian


nilai tukar

Compound of nilai (“mark”) + tukar (“exchange”), calque of Dutch wisselkoers (“exchange rate”).


kurtase

From Dutch courtage, from French courtage.

(trading) commission: a fee charged by an agent or broker for carrying out a transaction.


neraca perdagangan

Compound of neraca (“balance”) + perdagangan (“trade”), calque of Dutch handelsbalans.

com

(trading) balance of trade, trade balance, commercial balance: the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time.


merek dagang

Compound of merek (“brand”) + dagang (“trade”), calque of Dutch handelsmerk (“trademark”).


neraca pembayaran

Compound of neraca (“balance”) + pembayaran (“payment”), calque of Dutch betalingsbalans.

com

(trading) balance of payments: a measure of all flows of money into and out of a country including payments for goods and services and capital flows.


unjuk rasa

Compound of unjuk (“to show”) + rasa (“feeling”). Attested since 1921 as oendjoek rasa. Replaced tunjuk perasaan.


pemakaian

Pemakaian seragam sekolah harus rapi.

The wearing of school uniforms must be neat.

wearing (the act by which something is worn)

Jangan boros dalam pemakaian listrik.


lembaran neraca

id-noun

lembaran neraca (plural lembaran-lembaran neraca)

Compound of lembaran (“sheet”) + neraca (“balance”), calque of English balance sheet


tunjuk perasaan

tunjuk perasaan (plural tunjuk-tunjuk perasaan)

Compound of tunjuk (“to show”) + perasaan (“feeling”), from Malay tunjuk perasaan. Replaced by unjuk rasa.


pasar rakyat

pasar (“market”) + rakyat (“people”), literally “people's market”.


toko modern

toko (“shop, store”) + modern (“modern”), replaced by toko swalayan.

self-service store (minimarket, supermarket, hypermarket and department store)


pasar tradisional

pasar (“market”) + tradisional (“traditional”), calque of English traditional market.


ganti untung

id-noun

ganti untung (plural ganti-ganti untung)

ganti + untung (“gain”), literally “profit compensation”.


toko swalayan

toko (“shop, store”) + swalayan (“self-service”), calque of Dutch zelfbedieningswinkel (“supermarket”, literally “self-service + shop”), replaced toko modern.


ganti rugi

Compound of ganti + rugi (“loss”), literally “loss compensation”, calque from Chinese 賠償／赔偿 (péicháng).

com

(insurance) a principle of insurance which provides that when a loss occurs, the insured should be restored to the approximate financial condition occupied before the loss occurred, no better, no worse.


pelaku usaha

Compound of pelaku (“doer”) + usaha (“business”), literally “someone or something who doing business”.


produsen

From Dutch producent, from Latin producens.

(economics) producer: an individual or organization that creates goods and services.


kerja bakti

Compound of kerja (“work”) + bakti (“service”), calque from Japanese 勤労奉仕(きんろうほうし) (kinrōhōshi, “public work”, literally “labour service”).

ja-r

(colloquial, euphemistic) corvee: unpaid labor required by a feudal lord.


pengadilan agung

Compound of pengadilan (“court”) + agung (“supreme”), calque from Japanese 最高法院(さいこうほういん) (saikōhōin, “supreme court”), term used in East Asia, except for Japanese home islands, 最高裁判所(さいこうさいばんしょ) (saikōsaibansho). Continuation of Dutch hooggerechtshof (“supreme court”). Displaced by mahkamah agung.

ja-r

Persidangan pertama di Pengadilan Tinggi ini berlangsung di Banco Court di Pengadilan Agung (Supreme Court) di Melbourne pada 6 Oktober 1903.

The first sitting of the High Court took place in the Banco Court of the Supreme Court in Melbourne on 6 October 1903.

Pada Rabu (22/11/2023), pihak kurator Horizonte, yaitu David Griffin dan Nicholas James Gronow, yang diangkat oleh Pengadilan Agung Kepulauan Cayman sebagai pemohon pailit, telah mengajukan bukti-bukti kepada majelis hakim Pengadilan Niaga Semarang.

Oentoek sementara waktoe, pekerdjaan Saikoo Hooin (Pengadilan Agoeng) den Saikoo Kensatu Kyuku (Kedjaksaan Pengadilan Agoeng) dihentikan, serta hal-hal jang termasoek dalam kekoeasaannja dioeroes menoeroet atoeran pasal 2 sampai pasal 6.

(historical, law) supreme court: a court of law which represents the highest legal authority within a jurisdiction.


kaidah emas

kaidah (“rule”) + emas (“gold”), calque of English golden rule.


belanga

From Malay belanga, from Proto-Malayic, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balaŋa, from Proto-Austronesian *balaŋa (“shallow earthenware cooking pot or pan”).

inh

(cooking) cauldron, earthenware cooking pot


janasuci

com

Old Javanese <i class="Latn mention" lang="kaw">jana</i>


serat optik

serat (“fibre”) + optik (“optical”), calque of English optical fibre.


serat kaca

serat (“fibre”) + kaca (“glass”), calque of English glass fiber.


kekosongan

kêkosongan (canonical)
kekosongan-kekosongan (plural)

emptiness: the state or feeling of being empty.

(physics) a defect in a crystal caused by the absence of an atom in a lattice.


menyawak

From Javanese ꦩꦼꦚꦮꦏ꧀ (menyawak), from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bayawak.

Synonym of biawak (“monitor lizard (Varanus sp.)”)


didik

head

didik (base-imperative didik, active mendidik, ordinary passive dididik, adversative passive terdidik)

mendidik (active)
didik (root)
mendidik (active)
terdidik (active involuntary)
dididik (active involuntary passive)
didik (active)
didiklah (active)


merah padam

Compound of merah (“red”) + padam (“lotus-like”), from Malay merah padam, from earlier merah padma.


buah keras bersayap

(botany) An indehiscent, one-seeded fruit furnished with a wing, such as the fruit of the ash and maple; a key; a samara.


buah keras

buah (“fruit”) + keras (“hard”), literally “hard fruit”

com

(botany) A fruit with a hard shell or rind; a nux


buah kurung

buah (“fruit”) + kurung, literally “confined fruit”

(botany) A small, dry, indehiscent fruit, containing a single seed, as in the buttercup: achene.


buah bumbung

(botany) A type of primitive dry fruit produced by certain flowering plants: follicle.


bahan galian

bahan (“material”) + galian, calque of Dutch [Term?]


barang tambang

barang (“good”) + tambang (“mine”), literally “mined goods”, calque of Dutch [Term?]


genesa bahan galian

genesa + bahan galian, calque of English mineral genesis


bahan tambang

bahan (“material”) + tambang (“mine”), literally “mined material”, calque of Dutch [Term?]


genesa

From Dutch genese (“genesis”), from Latin genesis, from Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis, “origin, source, beginning, nativity, generation, production, creation”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis (“birth, production”), from *ǵenh₁-.

der

Genesa batubara.


pabrikasi

Affixed pabrik + -asi, from Dutch fabricatie, from French fabrication, from Latin fabricatio. Doublet of fabrikasi.

fabrication: the act of fabricating, framing, or constructing; construction; manufacture.


fabrikasi

Affixed fabrik + -asi, from English fabrication, from French fabrication, from Latin fabricatio. Doublet of pabrikasi.

fabrication: that which is fabricated; a falsehood.


persejajaran bentuk

persejajaran baris
persejajaran baris#Indonesian


penyanderaan

sandera (“hostage”) + peng- -an, calque of Dutch gijzeling.

(law, dated) Synonym of paksa badan (“imprisonment for civil debt”)


paksa badan

paksa (“to force”) + badan (“body”), literally “to force a body”, from Dutch gijzeling.


sandera badan

sandera + badan (“body”), from Dutch gijzeling.


EBT

Initialism of energi baru dan terbarukan (“new and renewable energy”).


penghindaran

pênghindaran (canonical)
penghindaran-penghindaran (plural)


plasma konvalesen

plasma (“plasma”) + konvalesen (“convalescent”), calque of English convalescent plasma


orang-orang

Reduplication of orang (“person, human being”).


reka bentuk

Compound of reka + bentuk, borrowed from Malay reka bentuk (“design”).

bor+

Pikirannja terus berbitjara dan bertjerita dan mereka-reka bentuk masa datang.

His mind keep talking and telling and design-ing future.


permainan video

video game (a type of game, existing as and controlled by software)


tahanan jenis

id-noun

tahanan jenis (plural tahanan-tahanan jenis)

(electricity) resistivity, the resistance offered at a particular temperature by an electrical conductor of any given material in a cube of unit length, expressed in ohm-metres (Ωm) in the metric system of measurement.


hambatan

resistance;
something for resisting motion.

hambatan listrik
hambatan listrik#Indonesian

(electricity) synonym of hambatan listrik

(mechanics) drag: resistance of a fluid to something moving through it.

(biochemistry, rare) inhibition: the process of stopping or retarding a reaction.


hambatan listrik

hambatan listrik (plural hambatan-hambatan listrik)

hambatan (“resistance”) + listrik (“electric”), calque of English electrical resistance.

com

electrical resistance
electrical resistance

(electricity) electrical resistance: the opposition offered by an electrical conductor to the flow of a current through itself, resulting in a conversion of electrical energy into heat and radiation. The SI derived unit of resistance is the ohm (Ω). Symbol: R.


ihtiyat

Borrowed from Arabic اِحْتِيَاط (iḥtiyāṭ), from صَلَاة الِاحْتِيَاط (ṣalāt al-iḥtiyāṭ)

bor+

(Islam) a precaution taken in determining prayer times by adding or subtracting time so as not to precede the start of the prayer time and not to exceed the end of the prayer time


imunisasi

From Dutch immunitatie, from French immunisation.

(medicine) the process by which an individual is safely exposed in a controlled manner to a material that is designed to prime their immune system against that material.

(immunology) process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified against an agent (known as the immunogen).


kapasiteit

Alternative form of kapasitas (“capacity”)


planologi

urban planning, regional planning, town planning, city planning, or rural planning: a technical [and political] process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks and their accessibility.


rencana pelajaran

Compound of rencana (“plan”) + pelajaran (“teaching”), a calque of Dutch leerplan (“curriculum”, literally “teaching plan”).


gimnasium

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

From Dutch gymnasium (“a type of school”), from Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”).
* The sense of indoor sport place is a semantic loan from English gymnasium.

der

(education) a type of secondary school (for 12 to 18 year-olds) which prepares students for university or vocational school, and which offers classes in Latin and/or Greek.

(sports) large room or building for indoor sports.


publikasi

From Dutch publicatie, from Middle Dutch publicatie, from Middle French publication, (ultimately) from Old French [Term?], from Latin pūblicātiō.

the communication of information to the general public etc.

the act of publishing printed or other matter.

an issue of printed or other matter, offered for sale or distribution.


puyer

From colloquial Dutch poeier (standard Dutch poeder), from Old French poudre, from Latin pulvis. Doublet of puder. Cognate of Afrikaans poeier, Papiamentu: puiru, poeier.

powder: the fine particles which are the result of reducing dry substance by pounding, grinding, or triturating, or the result of decay.


kurikulum

From English curriculum, from Latin curriculum (“course”).


semong

tsunami: a very large and destructive wave, generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean, such as an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption.


adodui

an oral tradition of the Pompakng Dayak tribe related to a war event or the life history of a powerful figure.


adiperagawan

Affixed adi- + peragawan, calque of English supermodel.


ageisme

Reconstructed *age + -isme, from English ageism.

ageism: the treating of a person or people, especially youth or seniors, differently from others based on assumptions or stereotypes relating to their age.


kombinasi

From Dutch combinatie, from French combination, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French combination, from Late Latin combinatio.


akuene

(dance, drama) shield in Cakalele dance.


konduksi

→ Malay: konduksi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch conductie, from Latin conductio, conductionem (“a bringing together”).

(physics, thermodynamics) conduction: The conveying of heat or electricity through material.


bangau

stork (a large wading bird with long legs and a long beak of the family Ciconiidae)


RAB

(accounting) Initialism of rencana anggaran belanja (“budget estimate plan”).


usus besar

Compound of usus (“intestine”) + besar (“large”).

(anatomy) large intestine, large bowel: the second to last part of the digestive system, comprising the cecum, colon and rectum.


sekum

Learned borrowing from Latin caecum (“caecum”, literally “invisible, hidden”).


sekum

sekretaris umum
sekretaris umum#Indonesian

short for sekretaris umum (“general secretary”).


landak laut

Compound of landak (“porcupine; (by extension) hedgehog”) + laut (“sea”).

com+

Aristotle's lantern
Aristotle's lantern#English

sea urchin (any of many marine echinoderms, of the class Echinoidea, commonly found in shallow water, having a complex chewing structure named Aristotle's lantern)


laknat

From Malay laknat, from Arabic لَعْنَة (laʕna).


ekualitas

Learned borrowing from Latin aequālitās. Reanalyzed as *ekual + -itas.


influen

From English influent, from Latin influent.


jilat

head

jilat (base-imperative jilat, active menjilat, ordinary passive dijilat, adversative passive terjilat)

Inherited from Malay jilat (“to lick”), from Proto-Malayic *dilah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”).


kejahatan ringan

kejahatan (“crime”) + ringan (“light”), from English petty crime.


kewenangan

id-noun

kêwênangan (countable and uncountable, plural kewenangan-kewenangan)

kêwênangan (canonical)
kewenangan-kewenangan (plural)

(law) authority (power to enforce rules or give orders)


delik aduan

Compound of delik (“delict”) + aduan (“complaint”), calque of Dutch klachtdelict (literally “complaint delict”).

cal

(law) a type of crime requiring a complaint from a victim in order to be prosecuted


alat terakhir

Compound of alat (“tool”) + terakhir (“last”), coined by Indonesian legal expert Sudikno Mertokusumo in 1996.


penemuan hukum

penemuan + hukum (“law”), calque of Dutch rechtsvinding.


RKB

Initialism of ruang kelas baru (“new classrooms”).


wewenang

wêwênang (canonical)
wewenang-wewenang (plural)

Reduplication of wenang, borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦼꦮꦼꦤꦁ (wewenang, “privilege”). Semantic loan from Dutch bevoegdheid.


surat keterangan domisili

surat keterangan (“certificate”) + domisili (“domicile”)

compound

(Indonesia) certificate of domicile, issued by subdistrict (kelurahan) or district (kecamatan) officer which required cover letter from head of neighborhood (rukun tetangga) or hamlet (rukun warga).


surat ketetapan pajak

surat (“document”) + ketetapan (“determination”) + pajak (“tax”), literally “document of tax determination”


surat paksa

surat (“document”) + paksa (“to force”), literally “document to force something”


surat pemberitahuan

surat (“document”) + pemberitahuan (“notice”), literally “notice document”.
* Replaced Dutch aangiftebiljet (“tax return”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


surat muatan

surat (“document”) + muatan (“load”), literally “load document”


kepatuhan

obedience (the quality of being obedient)


surat penawaran kerja

id-noun

surat penawaran kerja (plural surat-surat penawaran kerja)

surat penawaran (“offer”) + kerja (“work”)


pembuat undang-undang

pembuat (“maker”) + undang-undang, calque of Dutch wetgever.


surat penawaran indikatif

id-noun

surat penawaran indikatif (plural surat-surat penawaran indikatif)

surat-surat penawaran indikatif (plural)

surat penawaran (“offer”) + indikatif (“indicative”), calque of English indicative offer


perwakilan negara asing

perwakilan (“representative”) + negara asing (“foreign country”)

com

(diplomacy) foreign country representatives


komuk

From muka + -ok-. Backronymed as
blend of kondisi (“condition”) + muka (“face”).

blend

2013-10-07, FR Gath DC oktober 2013 di semanggi.., kaskus.co.id

... whose face looked a lot like a little motherfucker ...

... yg komuk nya sebelas dua belas sama anak babi ...


penangkapan ikan

penangkapan (“catching”) + ikan (“fish”), literally “fish catching”.


sarkas

Itu omongan jujur apa sarkas ya, Bi?

"Aunty, is the talk a truth or a sarcasm?"

(informal) apocopic form of sarkasme (“sarcasm”)


kealpaan

Affixed alpa + ke- -an. Semantic loan from Dutch schuld.


kesengajaan

kêsêngajaan (canonical)
kesengajaan-kesengajaan (plural)

Affixed sengaja + ke- -an. Semantic loan from Dutch opzet for civil law sense.


percobaan

pêrcobaan (canonical)
percobaan-percobaan (plural)

Affixed coba (“try”) + per- -an. Semantic loan from Dutch poging (“attempt”).

sl

attempt: the action of trying at something.


delik biasa

Compound of delik (“delict”) + biasa (“regular”), calque of Dutch gewone delict.


kultivasi

cultivation: tillage of crops, collection of (micro-)organisms.


jalan cerita

Compound of jalan (“road, way”) + cerita (“story”).

(literature) plot, storyline (the course of a story, comprising a series of incidents which are gradually unfolded, sometimes by unexpected means)


wanua

From Buginese [Term?], from Proto-South Sulawesi *banua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *banua, from Proto-Austronesian *banua. Doublet of banua and benua.

traditional area in Buginese, subdivided into several kampung.


bilangan pokok

Compound of bilangan (“number”) + pokok (“primary”).

(mathematics) cardinal number, counting number, cardinal: A number used to denote quantity.


alur cerita

Compound of alur (“line”) + cerita (“story”), calque of Dutch verhaallijn (“storyline”).

clq

(literature) plot, storyline: the course of a story, comprising a series of incidents which are gradually unfolded, sometimes by unexpected means.


asam lemak

Compound of asam (“acid”) + lemak (“fat”), calque of Dutch vetzuur (“fatty acid”).


ketombe

(dermatology) dandruff: Scaly white dead skin flakes from the human scalp; Pityriasis capitis.


senandung

sênandung (canonical)
senandung-senandung (plural)

From earlier sinandung, affixed sandung + -in-.


bagong

Affixed agung + ber-, borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦒꦺꦴꦁ (bagong).


bagong

Borrowed from Sundanese ᮘᮌᮧᮍ᮪ (bagong). Doublet of babi.


BKP

(taxation) Initialism of barang kena pajak (“taxable good(s)”).


JKP

(taxation) Initialism of jasa kena pajak (“taxable service”).


alopesia

Learned borrowing from Latin alopecia, from Ancient Greek ἀλωπεκία (alōpekía, “fox-mange”), from ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx, “fox”) + -ία, -εια (-ía, -eia, “a formative ending used in Ancient Greek, especially used in naming diseases”).

der

(dermatology, pathology) loss of hair (especially on the head) or loss of wool or feathers, which either happens naturally or is caused by disease.


pemberitahuan impor barang

pemberitahuan (“notice”) + impor (“import”) + barang (“good”), literally “notice to import good(s)”


surat setoran pajak

surat (“document”) + setoran (“deposit”) + pajak (“tax”), literally “document of deposited tax”


ambekara

marriage between noble woman and commoner men.


ambaks

From Manggarai [Term?], probably from Dutch ambacht.


surat perintah pencairan dana

surat perintah + pencairan (“disbursement”) + dana (“fund”)


ambu-ambu

finely-ground roasted coconut (Minangkabau)

accessories on the traditional clothes of Hitu that are attached to the sleeves, made of golden colored cloth


ambyang

lighter from dry grass and others (initial fuel).


ambil hari

Compound of ambil (“to take”) + hari (“day”), from Riau Malay [Term?].


amesureng

continuous usage without proper maintenance.


kicauan

Affixed kicau (“tweet”) + -an, calque of English tweet.

(Internet) Tweet, an entry posted on the microblogging service Twitter.


impresum

From Dutch impressum, from German Impressum, from Latin impressum, impressus.


kekasih gelap

Compound of kekasih (“lover”) + gelap (“dark”).


jasuke

Blend of jagung (“corn”) + susu (“milk”) + keju (“cheese”).

blend

(cooking) boiled shelled corn mixed with sweetened condensed milk and cheese.


karnivora

From translingual Carnivora, from Latin carnivorus (“flesh-eating”), itself from carō (“flesh, meat”) + vorāre (“to devour”).


karnivor

From Dutch carnivoor, from Latin carnivorus (“flesh-eating”), itself from carō (“flesh, meat”) + vorāre (“to devour”).


videografer

Borrowed from English videographer, which is a blend of video + photographer.

videographer (any person involved in the production of video material, but especially a person who uses a video camera)


ungkep

From Proto-Austronesian *-keb (“cover”).

(cooking) a low temperature cooking technique in order to provide additional flavours.


ampal

white cow or water buffalo with black horn and nail.


amplokan

From Javanese ꦲꦩ꧀ꦥ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦏꦤ꧀ (amplokan), ꦲꦩ꧀ꦥ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (amplok, “to cling with arms and legs”).


ampet-ampet

ampêt-ampêt (canonical)
ampet-ampet (plural)

From Javanese [Term?]. Compare to Indonesian pampat (“stopped”).


amoh

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦩꦺꦴꦃ (amoh), from Old Javanese amoh (“full of holes, worn out”), amwah (“open, raw, gaping”).


anaheha

to invite traditional elders and priests to attend tahlilan.


penyejuk udara

pendingin udara
pendingin udara#Indonesian


pengondisi ruangan

Compound of pengondisi (“conditioner”) + ruangan (“room”).


kata pinjaman

id-noun

kata pinjaman (plural kata-kata pinjaman)

kata (“word”) + pinjaman (“loan”), calque of English loanword.


pendingin udara

Compound of pendingin (“colder”) + udara (“air”), probably calque from Chinese Hokkien 冷氣機／冷气机 (léng-khì-ki, “air conditioner”, literally “cold air/air conditioning machine”).


atdikbud

acronym of atase pendidikan dan kebudayaan.


pengkondisi udara

pengondisi udara
pengondisi udara#Indonesian


pengondisi udara

Compound of pengondisi (“conditioner”) + udara (“air”), calque of English air conditioner.


apsari

From Balinese ᬳᬧ᭄ᬲᬭᬶ (apsari), from Sanskrit अप्सरस् (apsaras). Doublet of apsara.


erkon

From English air-con, aircon, air conditioner. Cognate of Tagalog erkon, Brunei Malay ekon, Japanese エアコン (eakon), Korean 에어컨 (eeokeon).

synonym of pendingin udara (“air conditioner”)


anggana

From Pali aṅgaṇa (“open space before palace”), from Sanskrit अङ्गण (aṅgaṇa, “yard; court; place to walk in”).


kesyahan

(rare) The position, dignity or jurisdiction of a shah; shahdom.


kebupatian

bupati (“regent”) + ke- -an. Doublet of kabupaten.

The position, dignity or jurisdiction of a regent (bupati).

Alternative form of kabupaten (“regency”)


anggas

From Old Javanese aṅgas (“great-great-grandchild”).


afirmasi

From Dutch affirmatie, from Old French afermacion, from Latin affirmare (“to assert”).

affirmation: that which is affirmed; a declaration that something is true.


wali penguasa

Compound of wali (“representative”) + penguasa (“ruler”).


tangguh

The sense in botany was coined by Indonesian politician Soeharto in 1993.

coinage

Indonesia tangguh, Indonesia kuat.


resesi

Affixed reses + -si, from Dutch recessie, from Latin recessus (“a going back, retreat”), from recessum, the past participle of recedere (“to recede”), from re- (“back”) + cedere (“to go”).

der

(economics) recession: period of reduced economic activity.


kuwe

Caranx ignobilis
Caranx ignobilis#Translingual


kupu-kupu gajah

id-noun

kupu-kupu gajah (plural kupu-kupu-kupu-kupu gajah)

kupu-kupu (“butterfly”) + gajah (“big-size”), literally “big-sized butterfly”

com

Atlas moth; a large moth, Attacus atlas, from the tropical forests of southeast Asia


rumput pangola

id-noun

rumput pangola (plural rumput-rumput pangola)

pangola-grass; a kind of grass (Digitaria eriantha).


rumput bebek

rumput bebek (plural rumput-rumput bebek)

rumput (“grass”) + bebek (“duck”), literally “duck grass”

com

Japanese millet; a kind of grass (Echinochloa colonum).

cockspur grass; a kind of grass (Echinochloa crus-galli).


pemandangan umum

Compound of pemandangan (“view; knowledge; description”) + umum (“general”).

com+

(law, obsolete) general, a section in a legislation

pandangan umum
pandangan umum#Indonesian


usus kecil

/ˈʊsʊs kəˈt͡ʃɪl/


anev

short for analisis dan evaluasi (“analysis and evaluation”).


angad

angkatan darat
angkatan darat#Indonesian

short for angkutan angkatan darat (“army transport”).


andung

(dialect) a place to put the enemy's beheaded head.


andung

rhythmic wailing for death or suffering.


voucer

voucher: a piece of paper that entitles the holder to a discount, or that can be exchanged for goods and services.


usus halus

Compare to Italian intestino tenue and Latin intestinum tenue.


ananim

ananym: a pseudonym derived by spelling one's name backwards.


evaluasi

From Dutch evaluatie, from Middle Dutch evaluacie, from Middle French évaluation (Modern French évaluation).


anevlap

short for analisis dan evaluasi lapangan (“field analysis and evaluation”).


angair

short for angkutan air (“water transport”).


angkatan darat

Compound of angkatan (“force”) + darat (“land”).


jalan layang

Compound of jalan (“road”) + layang (“float”), literally “floating road”, coined by Indonesian linguist Anton Moedardo Moeliono. Compare to Japanese 高架道路(こうかどうろ) (kōkadōro, “elevated road”), Chinese 高架道路 (gāojià dàolù, “elevated road”).


rekayasa sosial

id-noun

rekayasa sosial (plural rekayasa-rekayasa sosial)

Compound of rekayasa (“engineering”) + sosial (“social”), coined by Indonesian linguist Anton Moedardo Moeliono, calque of English social engineering. Replaced permesinan sosial.


pantau

scissortail rasbora, three-lined rasbora (Rasbora trilineata).


permesinan sosial

id-noun

permesinan sosial (plural permesinan-permesinan sosial)

permesinan (“machinery”) + sosial (“social”), calque of English social engineering. Coined by Indonesian historian Ong Hok Ham. Replaced by rekayasa sosial.


anglamil

angkutan laut militer
angkutan laut militer#Indonesian


anglek

From Javanese ꦲꦔ꧀ꦭꦼꦏ꧀ (anglek, “anglek”).


difabel

difabêl (canonical)
difabel-difabel (plural)

Borrowed from English differently able, coined by Indonesian researcher, writer and consultant Mansour Fakih 1990s.


bangunan sosial

id-noun

bangunan sosial (plural bangunan-bangunan sosial)

bangunan (“building”) + sosial (“social”), literally “social building”, calque of German soziale Gebilde.


lembaga swadaya masyarakat

id-noun

lembaga swadaya masyarakat (uncountable)

Compound of lembaga (“institution”) + swadaya (“self-reliance”) + masyarakat (“society”), literally “self-reliance societal institution”. Coined by Indonesian politician Sarino Mangunpranoto in 1978.

coinage

non-governmental organization
non-governmental organization


pranata sosial

id-noun

pranata sosial (plural pranata-pranata sosial)

pranata (“institution”) + sosial (“social”), calque of English social institution. Coined by Indonesian anthropologist Koentjaraningrat.

coinage

lembaga sosial
lembaga sosial#Indonesian

Synonym of lembaga sosial (“social institution”)


arababu

From Arabic الرَبَابَة (ar-rabāba). Doublet of rebab.


silsilah

From Malay silsilah, silsila, salasilah, from Classical Malay salasilah, silsilah, from Arabic سِلْسِلَة (silsila, “chain, link, connection”).

der

genealogical tree; family tree; pedigree.


ronsen

From Dutch röntgen, named after the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.

Nonstandard form of rontgen (“radiographic machine; radiograph”).


hak pengarang

Compound of hak (“right”) + pengarang (“author”), calque of Dutch auteursrecht (“copyright, authors' rights”). Displaced by Indonesian hak cipta.


linggis

crowbar (an iron or steel bar, often with a flattened end which may also be hook-shaped, to be used as a lever to manually force things apart)


laut lepas

laut (“sea”) + lepas (“unbound”), literally “unbound sea”.

com

(nautical) high seas: regions of the ocean that are far from shore, especially those regions that do not belong to any country.


anak pohon

anak (“child”) + pohon (“tree”), literally “tree child”.

A young tree, but bigger than a seedling; sapling.


surat pengantar

surat (“document”) + pengantar, literally “introductory document”


baja tulangan

id-noun

baja tulangan (plural baja-baja tulangan)


baja tulangan polos

baja tulangan polos (plural baja-baja tulangan polos)

baja tulangan (“rebar”) + polos (“plain”), literally “plain rebar”.


baja tulangan sirip

id-noun

baja tulangan sirip (plural baja-baja tulangan sirip)

baja tulangan (“rebar”) + sirip (“fin”), literally “fin rebar”.


besi beton

besi (“iron”) + beton (“concrete”), literally “concrete iron”.

Synonym of baja tulangan (“reinforcing bar, rebar”)


pompa bensin

Compound of pompa (“pump”) + bensin (“benzine”), calque of Dutch benzinepomp.


angrat

angkutan darat
angkutan darat#Indonesian

short for angkutan darat (“land transport”).


angratmil

(military) short for angkutan darat militer (“military land transport”).


angsongar

(dialect) white cloth tied to a gravestone.


anjang

From Riau Malay [Term?]. Doublet of panjang. Compare to Ngaju tanjang (“stature, figure”), Malagasy andzana (“impressive”).


anjal

short for anak jalanan (“street children”).


apiologi

apiology: the scientific study of bees and honey-making.


aptronim

aptronym: a name that is aptly suited to its owner.


apintel

short for aparatur intelijen (“intelligent officer”).


antolong

baby graveyard from giant cempedak tree.


antimikroba

antimicrobial: an agent that destroys microbes, inhibits their growth, or prevents or counteracts their pathogenic action.


antrozoologi

anthrozoology: the study of the interactions between humans and animals.


anjar

From Arabic أَنْجَر (ʔanjar, “anchor”), from Classical Persian لنگر (langar), from Ancient Greek ἄγκῡρα (ánkūra). Doublet of angker, anjer, anjir, and jangkar.


antor

(cooking) a kind of kerupuk (“cracker”).


arhanudber

artileri pertahanan udara
artileri pertahanan udara#Indonesian

short for artileri pertahanan udara berat (“heavy air defence artillery”).


JPU

jaksa penuntut umum
jaksa penuntut umum#Indonesian

(law) initialism of jaksa penuntut umum (“public prosecutor”).


asintel

short for asisten intelijen (“intelligent assistant”).


labfor

(law enforcement) short for laboratorium forensik (“forensic laboratory”).


perpu

peraturan pemerintah
peraturan pemerintah#Indonesian

(law, government) acronym of peraturan pemerintah pengganti undang-undang (literally “legislation-replacement government (administrative) law”).


BBLR

(obstetrics) initialism of berat badan lahir rendah (“low birth weight: birth weight of an infant of 2,499 g (5 lb 8.1 oz) or less, regardless of gestational age”).


artileri pertahanan udara

Compound of artileri (“artillery”) + pertahanan (“defense”) + udara (“air”).


rumah kantor

Compound of rumah + kantor, calque of English home office.

home office: a room, in a person's home, equipped as an office so that the person may work from home.


labkrim

(law enforcement) short for laboratorium kriminal (“crime laboratory”).


luncur gantung

id-noun

luncur gantung (plural luncur-luncur gantung)

luncur (“to launch”) + gantung (“to hang”), literally “launch and hang”. Coined by Pusat Bahasa.

com

A pulley suspended on a cable mounted on an incline, designed to enable a user to travel from one point to another by means of gravity; zip line; flying fox.


ujian akhir semester

Compound of ujian akhir (“final examination”) + semester (“semester”).

compound

final examination
final examination#English


peraturan pemerintah

Compound of peraturan (“law”) + pemerintah (“government (executive)”).

com

(law) central government administrative law


jaksa penuntut umum

Compound of jaksa (“attorney”) + penuntut (“prosecutor”) + umum (“general, public”).


arloji pintar

Compound of arloji (“clock”) + pintar (“smart”), calque of English smartwatch.


lemari pendingin

Compound of lemari + pendingin, calque of Dutch koelkast.


Abang Sam

Compound of abang (“brother”) + English Sam, literally “brother Sam”, coined by Indonesian litterateur Bambang Bujono, partial calque of English Uncle Sam.

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">Sam</i>

coinage

Uncle Sam, a personification of the United States federal government.


bahasa tonal

Compound of bahasa + *tonal, calque of English tonal language.

(linguistics) tonal language: languages which use tones to distinguish words or their inflections, analogously to consonants and vowels


dang-ding-dut

Onomatopoeic. Coined by Indonesian litterateur Putu Wijaya in 1972.


jam tangan pintar

id-noun

jam tangan pintar (plural jam-jam tangan pintar)

Compound of jam tangan (“watch”) + pintar (“smart”), calque of English smartwatch.


pansos

short for panjat sosial (“social climbing”).


petunjuk pelaksanaan

Compound of petunjuk + pelaksanaan. Originally term used in military, become widespread in 1960s.

(military) execution guidance; execution regulation


halusinasi

From Dutch hallucinatie, from French hallucination, from Latin hallucinātiō.

(psychology, psychiatry) hallucination: a sensory perception of something that does not exist.


jam tangan

Inherited from Malay jam tangan, compound of jam (“clock”) + tangan (“hand, arm”), calque from Chinese 手錶／手表 (literally “hand watch”) or calque from Japanese 腕時計(うでどけい) (udedokei, literally “arm + clock”).


panjat sosial

Compound of panjat (“climb”) + sosial (“social”), calque of English social climbing.

(slang) social climbing (the act of trying to improve one's social status, especially by obsequious means)


teokrasi

téokrasi (canonical)
teokrasi-teokrasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch theocratie, from French théocratie, from Ancient Greek θεοκρατία (theokratía).


dewas

dewan pengawas
dewan pengawas#Indonesian

short for dewan pengawas (“supervisory board”).


bajan kaki

Compound of bajan (“basin”) + kaki (“foot”).


baloh

From Javanese ꦧꦭꦺꦴꦃ (baloh), ꦧꦭꦸꦃ (baluh), from Old Javanese baluh (“float of a fishing-net”).


dewan pengawas

Compound of dewan (“board”) + pengawas (“supervisory”).


kewiraan

(education, dated) soldiership, a militaristic civic education subject


bea siswa

Alternative form of beasiswa (“scholarship”)


bantal kursi

Compound of bantal (“pillow”) + kursi (“chair”).


bekintangon

(dialect) 2000 days pre-marriage service for future in-laws.


bantal sofa

Compound of bantal (“pillow”) + sofa (“sofa”).


bebetok

(cooking) Sasak roasted food from grated coconut and fish with yam leaf cover.


bedak mandi

Compound of bedak (“powder”) + mandi (“bath”).


bapak negara

Father of the Nation
Father of the Nation

Father of the Nation: an honorific title given to a person considered the driving force behind the establishment of a country, state, or nation.


benik

From Sanskrit मणि (maṇi). Doublet of manik.


binjas

short for pembinaan jasmani (“physical development”).


binawas

short for pembinaan dan pengawasan (“cultivation/development/promotion and supervision”).


binhankamnas

short for pembinaan pertahanan dan keamanan nasional (“national security and defence development”).


binjasmil

short for pembinaan jasmani militer (“military physical development”).


binmas

short for pembinaan masyarakat (“society development”).


bintaldam

short for pembinaan mental daerah militer (“military area mental development”).


BNN

initialism of badan narkotika nasional (“national narcotics agency”).


BIPA

acronym of bahasa Indonesia bagi penutur asing (“Indonesian language for foreign speakers”).


garam dapur

Compound of garam (“salt”) + dapur (“kitchen”). Compare to Dutch keukenzout (literally “kitchen salt”) and Portuguese sal de cozinha (literally “kitchen salt”).


bekangdam

(military) short for perbekalan angkutan daerah militer (“military area transport supply”).


ilustrasi

From Dutch illustratie, from Middle French illustration, from Latin illūstrātiō, from illūstrō (“I illustrate”).

illustration: something which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.


bisban

From Dutch biaisband (“bias tape”), Dutch biesband.


pembinaan

Affixed bina + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pembinaan.

building: the act or process by which something is built.

cultivation, development, advancement, promotion.


jasmani

Inherited from Malay jasmani, from Arabic جُسْمانِيّ (jusmāniyy, “bodily, physical”).


introspeksi

From Dutch introspectie, from French introspection.


terpal

From Dutch [Term?]. See English tar pall (“a heavy cloth”).


biokosmetik

Affixed bio- + kosmetik, from English biocosmetic.


boikot massal

Compound of boikot + massal, from English mass boycott.


bungkus gelembung

/ˈbʊŋkʊs ɡələmˈbʊŋ/

Compound of bungkus (“wrap”) + gelembung (“bubble”), calque of English bubble wrap.

bubble wrap: cushioning material consisting of small spheres of air trapped in plastic, sold on long rolls for tearing off, and used as packaging for fragile items.


bubur kanji rumbi

Compound of bubur (“congee; gruel; porridge”) + kanji (“tapioca”) + *rumbi.


cangklek

(dialect) handle: the part of an object (teacup) which is (designed to be) held in the hand when used or moved.


cacar api

Compound of cacar (“variola, smallpox”) + api (“fire”), named after burning pain of neuropathic pain in herpes zoster.


cacar ular

Compound of cacar (“variola, smallpox”) + ular (“snake”), named after dermatomal distribution of skin change in herpes zoster.


dandenpol

short for komandan detasemen kepolisian (“police detachment commander”).


dandenmin

short for komandan detasemen administrasi (“administrative detachment commander”).


cek cacat

Compound of cek (“cheque”) + cacat (“defect”).


dandenma

short for komandan detasemen markas (“headquarter detachment commander”).


daftar upah

Compound of daftar (“list”) + upah, calque of Dutch loonlijst (“payroll”). Attested since 1898.

payroll: a list of employees who receive salary or wages, together with the amounts due to each.


danjen

short for komandan jenderal (“general commander”).


dandenzipur

short for komandan detasemen zeni tempur (“combat engineer detachment commander”).


dankikes

short for komandan kompi kesehatan (“medical company commander”).


dankiban

short for komandan kompi bantuan (“support company commander”).


tamtama

From Javanese ꦠꦩ꧀ꦠꦩ (tamtama, “selected soldier”), from Old Javanese tama (“mastered thoroughly, potent”), from Sanskrit तम (tama, “most desired”).

der

(military, law enforcement) enlisted: those individuals who have enlisted in the military and who are not commissioned officers.


danpos

short for komandan pos (“post commander”).


kepolisian

police: a civil force granted the legal authority for law enforcement and maintaining public order.


dankimas

short for komandan kompi markas staf (“staff headquarter company commander”).


danpus

short for komandan pusat (“central commander”).


dankipal

short for komandan kompi peralatan (“equipment company commander”).


danran

short for komandan kendaraan (“transport commander”).


dankibeng

short for komandan kompi bengkel (“workshop company commander”).


danpusdikpassus

short for komandan pusat pendidikan pasukan khusus (“special troops education center commander”).


denpal

short for detasemen peralatan (“equipment detachment”).


denpol

short for detasemen kepolisian (“police detachment”).


denzi

short for detasemen zeni (“military engineer detachment”).


diklantas

short for pendidikan lalu lintas (“traffic education”).


dikdasmil

short for pendidikan dasar militer (“basic military education”).


cucuk

[ˈt͡ʃɔt͡ʃɔk̚]

* From Javanese ꦕꦸꦕꦸꦏ꧀ (cucuk, “beak, bill; pouring spout”), from Old Javanese cucuk (“(pointed) beak, bill, sharp point”).
* From Sundanese ᮎᮥᮎᮥᮊ᮪ (cucuk, “thorn”).
Doublet of cocok.


cucuk

[ˈt͡ʃɔt͡ʃɔk̚]


diklatjemen

short for pendidikan dan pelatihan manajemen (“management education and training”).


celaan fisik

Compound of celaan (“humiliation”) + fisik (“physical”).

com

humiliation caused by physical condition.


detoks digital

refrain from using electronic devices and focus on direct social interaction


boikot

Borrowed from English boycott, originating from Captain Charles Cunningham Boycott, an English evicting land agent in Ireland who was subject to a boycott organized by the Irish Land League in 1880.


faslan

short for fasilitas pangkalan (“base facilities”).


demonetisasi

From Dutch demonetisatie, from French démonétisation.

(economics) demonetization: the act or process of demonetizing.


faskon

short for fasilitas dan konstruksi (“facilities and construction”).


fastel

short for fasilitas telekomunikasi (“telecommunication facilities”).


danru

short for komandan regu (“squad commander”).


detoksifikasi

From Dutch detoxificatie, from French détoxification.

(medicine) detoxification: the process of removing toxins.


eksplikatif

From English explicative, from Latin explicātīvus, from explicō (“to unfold, open out”).


lepasan

removable: something that can be removed.

graduate: a person who is recognized as having completed any level of education.


furnitur lepasan

Compound of furnitur (“furniture”) + lepasan (“removable”).


fotoelektrisitas

photoelectricity: electricity produced by the photoelectric effect.


keluaran

one who is not part of a community or organization.

(obsolete) not royalty (people of royal rank, plus their families, treated as a group).


calir tangan

Compound of calir (“lotion”) + tangan (“hand”), calque of English hand lotion.


gadai ulang

Compound of gadai (“pawn”) + ulang (“re-”).

action of setting marketable collateral.


gondang-gondang

/ˈɡɔndaŋ ˈɡɔndaŋ/


dokumentasi

From Dutch documentatie, from French documentation.

something transposed from a thought to a document; the written account of an idea.

(computing) documents that explain the operation of a particular machine or software program.


hanud

short for pertahanan udara (“air defence”).


hanwil

short for pertahanan wilayah (“area defence”).


gelas takar

Compound of gelas (“glass”) + takar (“to measure”).


gila perempuan

Compound of gila (“crazy”) + perempuan (“woman”)


delik culpa

(law) Alternative spelling of delik kulpa (“negligence delict”)


hamil anggur

Compound of hamil (“pregnant”) + anggur (“grape”).


gresik

From Sundanese [Term?]. Compare to Indonesian sisik.

animal scales pattern in Cirebonese batik.


tempur

Inherited from Malay tempur, from Classical Malay تمڤور (tempur), from Old Javanese tĕmpur (“to knock against each other, to clash and become one heap or mass”), tampur, tampuh (“hitting; object, target, destination”), pūh (“broken, crushed, smashed”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *puh (“to slap, to hit”) (compare Jehai poh (“to hit with a flat hand”), Khmer បុះ (boh, “to hit”)). Doublet of tempuh.
* The sense of confluence is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦂ (tempur, “confluence”), from the same Old Javanese tĕmpur.
* The sense of rice is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦂ (tempur, “to buy up dehusked rice”) and Sundanese [Term?], from the same Old Javanese tĕmpur.

sl

alternative form of tempuran (“confluence: the place where two rivers, streams, or other continuously flowing bodies of water meet and become one, especially where a tributary joins a river”).


KKN

kuliah kerja nyata
kuliah kerja nyata#Indonesian

(education) initialism of kuliah kerja nyata (“community service program”).

initialism of korupsi, kolusi, dan nepotisme (“corruption, collusion and nepotism”).


idep

(dialect) a hole in the neck of the rebab for inserting string.


hipernim

Affixed hiper- + *nim, from English hypernym, from Ancient Greek hyper- (“over”) + -onym (“name”).

(semantics) hypernym: a superordinate word or phrase; a term whose referents form a set which includes as a subset the referents of a subordinate term.


kompetisi

Internationalism, Borrowed from Dutch competitie, from English competition or French compétition, from Latin competītiō.


kolusi

From Dutch collusie, from Old French collusion, from Latin collusionem (“act of colluding”).

collusion: a secret agreement for an illegal purpose; conspiracy.


mualim I

(nautical) In the merchant navy, the officer who is second in command to the captain, and whose primary duties include managing the maintenance and upkeep of the vessel; chief mate.


juru las

welder, one who welds, or unites pieces of iron, etc., by welding.


kepala kamar mesin

kepala (“chief”) + kamar mesin (“engine room”), literally “chief of engine room”.


suku bunga utama

suku bunga (“interest rate”) + utama (“main”), literally “main interest rate”


indeks jari

Compound of indeks (“index”) + jari (“finger”).

thumb index, cut-in index, index notch: round cut-out in the pages of dictionaries, encyclopedias, Bibles and other large religious books, and various sectioned, often alphabetic, reference works, used to locate entries starting at a particular letter or section.


suku bunga dasar kredit

suku bunga (“interest rate”) + dasar (“basic”) + kredit (“credit”), literally “basic interest rate for credit”


mualim

From Malay mualim,
from Classical Malay mualim (“navigator; learned scholar”), from Arabic مُعَلِّم (muʕallim, “teacher; navigator”).

bor

(nautical) A ship's officer, subordinate to the master on a commercial ship; mate.


jastip

short for jasa titip (“casual courier service”, literally “entrusting service”).


juru tulis

Compound of juru + tulis (“write”), literally “writing worker”. The term (djoeroetoelis) was translation of Japanese 書記(しょき) (shoki, “clerk”), see syoki.


jasmil

(military) short for jasmani militer (“military body”).


jeniper

(cooking) short for jeruk nipis peras (“squeezed lime”).


iotasisme

Affixed iota + -isme, from English iotacism.


indeks prestasi

Compound of indeks + prestasi, calque of Dutch prestatie-index.

grade point average
grade point average#English

(education) grade point average: a method of computing a numerical value for letter grades received in school by assigning each a numeric value and averaging the numbers; the overall average of all courses taken at a time.


jendela rongga

/d͡ʒənˈdɛla ˈrɔŋɡa/

(architecture) bay window: a window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room.


jujutan

(dialect) cotton or kapok with the petal and seed removed.


ilopasia

(dialect) dancer in trance-like state who heal to the sick.


jimi jib

/ˈd͡ʒimi ˈd͡ʒɪp̚/

From English jimmy jib (literally “crowbar crane”).

bor

(cinematography) jimmy jib, video crane system: any boom device used to mount a camera on one end, and a counterweight with camera controls on the other.


junpur

(military) Short for penerjun tempur (“paratrooper”, literally “combat parachutist”)..


bungkus

wrap, wrapper: paper or sheeting that is wrapped around something to protect, contain, or conceal it.


kamla

short for keamanan laut (“maritime security”).


pangkalan

Affixed pangkal + -an.
* Semantic loan from Minangkabau [Term?] for host sense.

(dialect) host: one which receives or entertains a guest, socially, commercially, or officially.


kamar mandi basah

Compound of kamar mandi (“bathroom”) + basah (“wet”).


kamar mandi kering

Compound of kamar mandi (“bathroom”) + kering (“dry”).


karyawisata

field trip: a trip
a trip into the field.

(education) a trip usually in a group and especially by students, to a place of special interest for education, research or exploration


kasus impor

Compound of kasus (“case”) + impor (“imported”, literally “import”).

(epidemiology) imported case: infection cases with infection source from outside of an area (not a local infection, infection within an area).


luban

From Malay luban, from Arabic لُبَان (lubān, “olibanum; frankincense; gum or resin”).


jumbrek

(cooking) a Lamongan snack from rice flour, siwalan sugar and coconut milk, mixed and printed on a long funnel container made of siwalan leaf coils, then steamed.


kebebasan finansial

Compound of kebebasan (“freedom”) + finansial (“financial”).

com

financial independence: the status of having enough income to pay one's living expenses for the rest of one's life without having to be employed or dependent on others.


upah

From Malay upah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *upaq (“compensation, reward”).
* Displaced Dutch loon (“wage, pay, reward”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

inh

wage: an amount of money paid to a worker for a specified quantity of work, usually calculated on an hourly basis and expressed in an amount of money per hour.

a prize promised for a certain deed or catch.

(figurative) the result of an action, whether good or bad.


kejurda

(sports) short for kejuaraan daerah (“regional championship”).


kejurnas

(sports) short for kejuaraan nasional (“national championship”).


kenken

(dialect) woman's underskirt made from lacy sheer fabric.


kekebalan kelompok

Compound of kekebalan (“immunity”) + kelompok (“group”), calque of Dutch groepsimmuniteit (“herd immunity”).

clq

(epidemiology) herd immunity: the indirect protection against the spread of a contagious disease in a given population caused by the immunity of a significant proportion of the population to that particular disease; the immunity may have been obtained through having survived the infection or through vaccination.


kencan

Reconstructed as kanca (“friend”) + -an.

dating: a form of romantic courtship typically between two individuals with the aim of assessing the other's suitability as a partner in an intimate relationship or as a spouse.


kencan buta

Compound of kencan (“date”) + buta (“blind”), calque of English blind date.

blind date: a date (romantic meeting) between two people who have never met before.


kencan daring

Compound of kencan (“date”) + daring (“online”), calque of English online dating.

online dating: dating over the Internet, typically using a website or app to find potential connections.


kimas

(military) short for kompi markas staf (“staff headquarter company”).


kohanud

(military) short for komando pertahanan udara (“air defense command”).


kokamla

(military) short for komando keamanan laut (“maritime security command”).


kohanwil

(military) short for komando pertahanan wilayah (“areal defense command”).


koserse

(military) short for komando reserse (“crime investigation command”).


kolam bola

Compound of kolam (“pool”) + bola (“ball”).

ball pit: a padded box or pool filled with small colorful hollow plastic balls as recreation and exercise for children.


kolam pasir

Compound of kolam (“pool”) + pasir (“sand”).

sandpit, sandbox: a low, wide container or shallow depression filled with soft sand in which children can play.


korsik

short for korps musik (“musical corps”).


kopi jantan

Compound of kopi (“coffee”) + jantan (“male”).

peaberry: oval (or pea-shaped) bean caused by fertilization one of the two seeds of coffee.


KTSP

(education) initialism of kurikulum tingkat satuan pendidikan (“educational unit level curriculum”).


kopi lanang

Compound of kopi (“coffee”) + lanang (“male”).


korps musik

(military) military band; musical corps.


kompet

(dialect) one leaf fold consisting of several sheets.


kopi betina

Compound of kopi (“coffee”) + betina (“female”).


korps diplomatik

diplomatic corps: the collective body of foreign diplomats accredited to a particular country or body.


kriptogam

From English cryptogam, from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós, “hidden”) + γαμέω (gaméō, “to marry”).


kopas

(military) short for komando pasukan (“troop commander”).


lantamal

(military) short for pangkalan utama angkatan laut (“navy main base”).


latpur

(military) short for latihan tempur (“combat exercise”).


lantamil

(military) short for pangkalan utama militer (“military main base”).


kucing garong

/ˈkut͡ʃɪŋ ˈɡarɔŋ/


lantama

(military) short for pangkalan utama (“main base”).


kursi telur

Compound of kursi (“chair”) + telur (“egg”).


kurva epidemi

Compound of kurva (“curve”) + epidemi (“epidemic”).

(epidemiology) epidemic curve, epidemiological curve, epi curve: a statistical chart, used in epidemiology to visualise the onset of a disease outbreak, show the frequency of new cases compared to the date of disease onset.


kurawa

From Javanese ꦏꦸꦫꦮ (kurawa), from Old Javanese [Term?], from Sanskrit कौरव (kaurava).

(literature) Kaurava: any descendant of King Kuru, a legendary king who is the ancestor of many characters of the Mahabharata.


kursi berlengan

Compound of kursi (“chair”) + berlengan (“with arm”), calque of English armchair.

com

armchair: a chair with supports for the arms or elbows.


kursi bersandaran

Compound of kursi (“chair”) + bersandaran (“leaning”), calque of Dutch leunstoel (“armchair”, literally “leaning chair”).


pustaha

From Batak, probably from Sanskrit पुस्तक (pustaka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pōstaka, *pustaka. Doublet of pustaka.


lempir

From Balinese ᬍᬫ᭄ᬧᬶᬃ (lempir). Cognate of Indonesian lampir, lembar.


lenjer

From Sundanese [Term?] for noun 1 and Musi [Term?] for noun 2. Doublet of lanjar.


kunci sentral

Compound of kunci (“key”) + sentral (“central”).

master key: a key designed to open a set of several locks.


perlindungan masyarakat

Compound of perlindungan (“protection”) + masyarakat (“society”), calque of Dutch bescherming bevolking (“civil defense”, literally “protection of society”).


pertahanan rakyat

Compound of pertahanan (“defense”) + rakyat (“people”), calque from Chinese 民防 (“civil defense”, literally “people defense”).

zh-l

civil defense (US), civil defence (British), efforts to protect the citizens of a state from military attack.


tanggung jawab mutlak

tanggung jawab (“responsibility”) + mutlak (“absolute”), literally “absolute responsibility”


surat pernyataan tanggung jawab mutlak

surat pernyataan (“statement letter”) + tanggung jawab mutlak (“absolute responsibility”), literally “statement letter of absolute responsibility”


nasehat

nonstandard form of nasihat (“sincere advice”).


lisensi puitis

the right to freedom of language of the poet.


LPMP

(education, 2003-2022) initialism of lembaga penjaminan mutu pendidikan (“education quality assurance institute”).


mabesal

(military) short for markas besar angkatan laut (“naval headquarter”).


mabesau

angkatan udara
angkatan udara#Indonesian

(military) short for markas besar angkatan udara (“air force headquarter”).


lokapasar

loka- (“place”) + pasar (“market”), calque of English marketplace.

The space, actual or metaphorical, in which a market operates.

(by extension) The world of commerce and trade.

marketplace.
The world of commerce and trade.


lumut kerak

Compound of lumut (“moss”) + kerak (“crust”), calque of Dutch korstmos (“lichen”, literally “crust moss”).

clq

(botany) lichen: any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow patches on old walls, etc.


luwak

alternative form of luak (“palm civet; toddy cat”)


makodal

(military) short for markas komando daerah angkatan laut (“naval regional command headquarter”).


mahmilgung

mahkamah militer
mahkamah militer#Indonesian

(military) short for mahkamah militer agung (“supreme court martial”).


mahkamah militer

Compound of mahkamah (“court”) + militer (“military”).

com

court martial: a court where cases of military law are heard.


kerapu

Inherited from Malay kerapu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀapu (“the sea perch, giant rock cod, giant grouper, Epinephelus spp.”).
Cognates
Cognate with Tausug kulapu,
Pangutaran Sama kulapu,
Cebuano pugapo,
Bikol Central pugapo,
Ilocano kurapo,
Tagalog kulapo,
Tiruray kurafu,
Ivatan korapo,
Yami kozapo,
Palauan ksaw and
Sundanese kurapu.


mapolwil

short for markas kepolisian wilayah (“area police headquarter”).


mapolsekta

short for markas kepolisian sektor kota (“city police headquarter”).


mapolsek

short for markas kepolisian sektor (“sector police headquarter”).


mapolres

short for markas kepolisian resor (“regency police headquarter”).


makodim

(military) short for markas komando distrik militer (“military district command headquarter”).


mapolda

short for markas kepolisian daerah (“provincial police headquarter”).


marhabanan

(Islam, colloquial) praise for the Prophet Muhammad


membranofon

(music) membranophone: any musical instrument that produces sound via the vibration of a stretched membrane.


marhaban

From Arabic مَرْحَبًا (marḥaban, “welcome”).

song of praise
(Islam) for the Prophet Muhammad


hakim garis

Compound of hakim (“judge”) + garis (“line”), from calque of Dutch lijnrechter (“linesman”, literally “line judge”).

clq

(soccer) linesman or lineswoman; an assistant referee.


mayoritas diam

Compound of mayoritas (“majority”) + diam (“silent”), calque of English silent majority.

com

(politics) silent majority: the largest portion of a demographic group or of the population of a political jurisdiction, which is considered to possess political and social views that are not openly declared, but that can nevertheless significantly affect voting patterns and social behavior.


fermentasi

Borrowed from Dutch fermentatie, from Latin fermentātiō, fermentātiōnem.

(biochemistry) fermentation: any of many anaerobic biochemical reactions in which an enzyme (or several enzymes produced by a microorganism) catalyses the conversion of one substance into another; especially the conversion (using yeast) of sugars to alcohol or acetic acid with the evolution of carbon dioxide.


kuasa usaha

Compound of kuasa + usaha (“business”), calque of French chargé d’affaires.


glek glek

Possibly from French glouglou. Onomatopoeic.

(onomatopoeia) The sound of drinking water; gurgle.


kret kret kret

[ˌkrət̪̚ ˌkrət̪̚ ˈkrət̪̚]

(onomatopoeia) The sound of a printer printing.

(onomatopoeia) The sound of opening a door.


senbud

(education) acronym of seni budaya (“art and culture”).


penjasorkes

(education) acronym of pendidikan jasmani, olahraga, dan kesehatan (“physical, sport, and health education”).


wakil penjamin emisi efek

wakil (“agent”) + penjamin emisi efek (“underwriting”), literally “underwriting agent”


perantara pedagang efek

Compound of perantara (“intermediary”) + pedagang (“trader”) + efek (“security”), literally “intermediary of security trader”

(finance) broker-dealer: a natural person, company or other organization that engages in the business of trading securities for its own account or on behalf of its customers.


penjamin emisi efek

penjamin (“guarantor”) + emisi (“emission”) + efek (“security”), literally “guarantor of security emission”

(finance) underwriter, an entity undertaking to market newly issued securities.


nuansa

Borrowed from Dutch nuance, from French nuance, from Middle French nuance, from Latin [Term?].


SKCK

surat keterangan
surat keterangan#Indonesian

(law enforcement) initialism of surat keterangan catatan kepolisian (“certificate of good conduct”).


PNBP

penerimaan negara bukan pajak#Indonesian

(finance, government) initialism of penerimaan negara bukan pajak (“non-tax state income”).


PJJ

(education) initialism of pembelajaran jarak jauh (“distance learning”).


PAUD

(education) acronym of pendidikan anak usia dini (“early childhood education”).


PLH

lingkungan hidup
lingkungan hidup#Indonesian

(education) initialism of pendidikan lingkungan hidup (“environmental education”).


ODGJ

orang dengan gangguan jiwa
orang dengan gangguan jiwa#Indonesian

initialism of orang dengan gangguan jiwa.


UTS

ujian tengah semester
ujian tengah semester#Indonesian

(education) initialism of ujian tengah semester (“mid-semester exam”).


orang dengan gangguan jiwa

Compound of orang (“people”) + dengan (“with”) + gangguan jiwa (“mental disorder”), literally “people with mental disorder”. Enforced as legal term in Law of The Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2014 About Mental Health.

(law, euphemistic) person with a mental disorder


zikir

From Malay dikir, zikir, from Arabic ذِكْر (ḏikr, “recollection, remembrance”).

der

dhikr, zikr (an Islamic prayer whereby a phrase or expression of praise is repeated continually)


pemkot

(government) acronym of pemerintah kota (“city government”).


pemprov

(government) acronym of pemerintah provinsi (“provincial government”).