titik panas

Compound of titik (“point; spot”) + panas (“hot”).

(thermodynamics, rare) melting point, liquefaction point

hot spot: a location which has a higher temperature or amount of radiation than surrounding areas; a place notable for a high level of activity or danger.

(firefighting, forestry) A part of a forest fire which is burning actively.

A dangerous place of violent political unrest.


tempat pembuangan sampah

id-noun

tempat pembuangan sampah (plural tempat-tempat pembuangan sampah)

tempat-tempat pembuangan sampah (plural)

Compound of tempat (“place”) + pembuangan (“disposal”) + sampah (“waste”).

com

kerbside collection or curbside collection site


simpangan

(uncountable) deviation (the act of deviating; wandering off the correct or true path or road)


pemisahan kekuasaan

Compound of pemisahan (“separation”) + kekuasaan (“power”), calque of Dutch scheiding der machten.

separation of powers
separation of powers#English

(government, politics) separation of powers


observasi

obsêrvasi (canonical)
observasi-observasi (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch observatie, from French observation, from Latin observātiō.


tempat pemungutan suara

id-noun

tempat pemungutan suara (plural tempat-tempat pemungutan suara)

Compound of tempat (“place, location”) + pemungutan (“collection”) + suara (“vote”, literally “voice, sound”).

com

(government, politics) vote center, polling place.


sabitan

(botany) drepanium: a helicoid cyme whose successive pedicels are aligned on the same plane.


simpangan mutlak

Compound of simpangan (“deviation”) + mutlak (“absolute”).

compound

absolute deviation
absolute deviation#English

(statistics) absolute deviation: the absolute value of the difference between a given value (such as mean or expected value) and a variate value (usually an observed value).


penerimaan peserta didik baru

id-noun

penerimaan peserta didik baru (plural penerimaan-penerimaan peserta didik baru)

/pə.nə.ri.ˈma.an pə.sər.ˈta ˈdi.dɪk̚ ˈba.ru/


pemerolehan

Affixation of peroleh + peng- -an or oleh + pemer- -an.


penerimaan

pênêrimaan (canonical)
penerimaan-penerimaan (plural)


penerimaan negara bukan pajak

penerimaan negara bukan pajak (plural penerimaan-penerimaan negara bukan pajak)

/pə.nə.ri.ˈma.an nə.ˈɡa.ra ˈbu.kan ˈpa.d͡ʒak/

(finance, government) non-tax revenue; non-tax receipts.


nol mutlak

Compound of nol (“zero”) + mutlak (“absolute”), calque of English absolute zero.

(thermodynamics) absolute zero: The coldest possible temperature, zero on the Kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F; total absence of heat; temperature at which motion of all molecules would cease.


teknik listrik

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + listrik (“electric”).

com

electrical engineering
electrical engineering#English


asam klorida

Compound of asam (“acid”) + klorida (“chloride”), calque of Dutch hydrochloride.

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) hydrochloric acid


asam folat

Compound of asam (“acid”) + folat (“folate”), from Dutch foliumzuur and folaat.

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) folic acid: A polycyclic heterocyclic carboxylic acid, one of the vitamin B complex, essential for cell growth and reproduction.


kebebasan akademik

Compound of kebebasan (“freedom”) + akademik, calque of English academic freedom, from German akademische Freiheit.

academic freedom
academic freedom#English


deforestasi

Internationalism, borrowed from English deforestation, from French déforestation.

(forestry) deforestation: The process of destroying a forest and replacing it with something else.


kesegarisan

Affixed segaris + ke- -an, from se- + garis.

An arrangement of items in a line. The process of adjusting a mechanism such that its parts are aligned; the condition of having its parts so adjusted.

(archaeology) a co-linear arrangement of features or structures with external landmarks.

(astronomy) a straight line configuration of three celestial bodies.


vesikula seminalis

id-noun

vesikula seminalis (plural vesikula-vesikula seminalis)

Learned borrowing from Latin vesicula seminalis f

lbor

(anatomy) seminal vesicle: one of two simple tubular glands located behind the male urinary bladder, responsible for the production of about sixty percent of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen.


pengacakan

pêngacakan (canonical)
pengacakan-pengacakan (plural)


curah pendapat

id-noun

curah pendapat (plural curah-curah pendapat)


seni rupa

Compound of seni (“art”) + rupa (“form”), calque of Dutch beeldende kunst (literally “depicting art”).

clq

(art) visual art: An art form intended to be appreciated or perceived primarily by sight, such as painting, drawing, photography, printmaking, and filmmaking.


biro perjalanan

id-noun

biro perjalanan (plural biro-biro perjalanan)

Compound of biro (“bureau”) + perjalanan (“voyage”), calque of Dutch reisbureau (“travel agency”, literally “voyage agency”).

clq

(business, tourism) travel agency: A company that arranges travel and accommodation for travellers.


validitas

Learned borrowing from Late Latin validitas.

lbor

The state of being valid, authentic or genuine.

(Standard Malay)

A quality of a measurement indicating the degree to which the measure reflects the underlying construct, that is, whether it measures what it purports to measure (see reliability).


kontingensi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch contingentie, from Late Latin contingentia.


penegakan

pênêgakan (canonical)
penegakan-penegakan (plural)

Affixed tegak + peng- -an. The sense of enforcement is a semantic loan from Dutch handhaving.


kredit pemilikan rumah

id-noun

kredit pemilikan rumah (plural kredit-kredit pemilikan rumah)

Compound of kredit (“loan”) + pemilikan (“owning”) + rumah (“house”). Compare to Japanese 住宅(じゅう)ローン (jūrōn, “mortage loan”, literally “dwelling house loan”).


kontributor

Internationalism, borrowed from English contributor, from Anglo-Norman contributour, from Latin contribuō.


pelarian

(uncountable) the act of leaving a dangerous or unpleasant situation

(uncountable) runaway (the act of running away)


terorisme

térorismê (canonical)
terorisme-terorisme (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch terrorisme, from French terrorisme.


litigasi

Internationalism, borrowed from English litigation, from Latin lītigātiō.


derajat kebebasan

id-noun

derajat kebebasan (plural derajat-derajat kebebasan)

Compound of derajat (“degree”) + kebebasan (“freedom”).

com

(mathematics) Any unrestricted variable in a frequency distribution.


negara berkembang

id-noun

negara berkembang (plural negara-negara berkembang)

Compound of negara (“country”) + berkembang (“developing”, literally “flowering”).

com

developing country
developing country#English

(economics, geography) developing country: a sovereign state with a lesser developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries


monarki konstitusional

id-noun

monarki konstitusional (plural monarki-monarki konstitusional)

Compound of monarki (“monarchy”) + konstitusional (“constitutional”), calque of Dutch constitutionele monarchie.

clq

constitutional monarchy
constitutional monarchy#English

(politics) constitutional monarchy: A monarchy that is limited by laws and a constitution.


penyangkalan

pênyangkalan (canonical)
penyangkalan-penyangkalan (plural)

denial: refusal to believe a problem exists.

(accounting) disclaimer: a public disavowal, as of responsibility, pretensions, claims, opinions, etc.


tingkat kesukaran

id-noun

tingkat kesukaran (plural tingkat-tingkat kesukaran)

Compound of tingkat (“level”) + kesukaran (“difficulty”), calque of English difficulty level.


tingkat kesulitan

id-noun

tingkat kesulitan (plural tingkat-tingkat kesulitan)

Compound of tingkat (“level”) + kesulitan (“difficulty”), calque of English difficulty level.


taraf kesukaran

id-noun

taraf kesukaran (plural taraf-taraf kesukaran)

Compound of taraf (“level”) + kesukaran (“difficulty”), calque of English difficulty level.


analisis wacana

id-noun

analisis wacana (plural analisis-analisis wacana)

Compound of analisis (“analysis”) + wacana (“discourse”), calque of English discourse analysis.

com

discourse analysis
discourse analysis#English

(linguistics) discourse analysis: Any of a number of approaches to analyzing written, spoken or signed language use.


negara maju

Compound of negara (“country”) + maju (“advanced, forward”), inherited from Malay negara maju, calque from Japanese 先進国(せんしんこく) (senshinkoku, “developed country”, literally “advanced country”).

ja-r

developed country
developed country#English

(economics, geography) developed country: a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations


pengodean

pêngodean (canonical)
pengodean-pengodean (plural)


ilmu gizi

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + gizi (“nutrition”), calque of Dutch voedingsleer.


pilih kasih

favoritism, favouritism: The unfair favouring of one person or group at the expense of another.


ekstrapolasi

èkstrapolasi (canonical)
ekstrapolasi-ekstrapolasi (plural)


penguji

pênguji (canonical)
penguji-penguji (plural)

/pəŋ.ˈʊd͡ʒi/

Affixed peng- + uji, inherited from Malay penguji.


sewa guna usaha

id-noun

sewa guna usaha (plural sewa-sewa guna usaha)

Compound of sewa (“rent”) + guna (“for”) + usaha (“business”).


NAZA

Acronym of narkoba, alkohol dan zat adiktif lainnya. Coined by Indonesian psychiatrist Dadang Hawari.

coinage

narcotics, alcohol and addictive substance


ilmu pengetahuan perundang-undangan

Compound of ilmu pengetahuan (“science”) + perundang-undangan (“legislation”), coined by Indonesian jurist A. Hamid S. Attamimi, calque of German gesetzgebungswissenschaft (literally “science of law”).

cal

(law) science of legislation: a scientific theory for legislative practice is a legal policy whose questions and procedures are entirely based on legal empirical evidence.


bimbingan dan penyuluhan

bimbingan (“guidance”) + dan + penyuluhan. Semantic loan from English guidance and counseling. Coined by Indonesian official Tatang Mahfud.


buku pegangan

id-noun

buku pegangan (plural buku-buku pegangan)

Compound of buku + pegangan, calque of Dutch handboek.

handbook: A topically organized book of reference on a certain field of knowledge, regardless of size.


pengelompokan

pêngêlompokan (canonical)
pengelompokan-pengelompokan (plural)

Affixed kelompok + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pengelompokan.

grouping: the action of the verb to group.


satuan massa atom

Compound of satuan (“unit”) + massa (“mass”) + atom (“atom”).

com

(chemistry) atomic mass unit: A unit of mass equal to 1/12 the mass of an atom of the ¹²C isotope of carbon.


KPR

kredit pemilikan rumah
kredit pemilikan rumah#Indonesian

(finance) initialism of kredit pemilikan rumah.


rerata harmonik

id-noun

rerata harmonik (plural rerata-rerata harmonik)


dewan perwakilan

dewan perwakilan (plural dewan-dewan perwakilan)

Compound of dewan (“council”) + perwakilan (“representative”).


dewan pertimbangan

id-noun

dewan pertimbangan (plural dewan-dewan pertimbangan)

Compound of dewan (“council”) + pertimbangan (“advisory”, literally “consideration”). The term was used to translate Japanese 参議院(さんぎいん) (sangīn).

ja-r

参議院(さんぎいん) (sangīn)


dewan penasihat

id-noun

dewan penasihat (plural dewan-dewan penasihat)

Compound of dewan (“council”) + penasihat (“advisory”).


surat muatan kapal

id-noun

surat muatan kapal (plural surat-surat muatan kapal)

Compound of surat + muatan (“load”) + kapal (“ship”), calque from Japanese 船荷証券(ふなにしょうけん) (funanishōken).

com

(nautical) bill of lading: a document issued by a carrier (or their agent) to acknowledge receipt of cargo for shipment.


Paman Sam

Compound of paman (“uncle”) + English Sam, literally “Uncle Sam”, calque of English Uncle Sam.

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">Sam</i>

Uncle Sam, a personification of the United States federal government.


dewan nasional

id-noun

dewan nasional (plural dewan-dewan nasional)

Compound of dewan (“council”) + nasional (“national”), calque of Dutch Raad van State (“State Council”).


konosemen

konosêmen (canonical)
konosemen-konosemen (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch cognossement (compare to French connaissement).

manifest: a list or invoice of the passengers or goods being carried by a commercial vehicle or ship.

(nautical, shipping) bill of lading: a document issued by a carrier (or their agent) to acknowledge receipt of cargo for shipment.


peningkatan

pêningkatan (canonical)
peningkatan-peningkatan (plural)


perbaikan

improvement (the act of improving; advancement or growth; a bettering)


hiperaktivitas

hipêraktivitas (canonical)
hiperaktivitas-hiperaktivitas (plural)

Affixed hiper- + aktivitas, internationalism.


krisis identitas

id-noun

krisis identitas (plural krisis-krisis identitas)

Compound of krisis + identitas, a calque of English identity crisis.

identity crisis (a crisis of personal identity)


implementasi

implêmentasi (canonical)
implementasi-implementasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch implementatie.


tepis

From Malay tepis (“to push aside”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tapis (“loincloth; to skim; to filter”).


taman sesat

Compound of taman (“garden”) + sesat (“err”), calque of Dutch doolhof (“maze, labyrinth”, literally “wandering/err garden”).

clq

, pagar sesat (Standard Malay)

labyrinth, maze: a complicated irregular network of passages or paths, in which it is difficult to find one's way.


inferensi

inférènsi (canonical)
inferensi-inferensi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch inferentie, from English inference.

(Standard Malay)


instruksi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch instructie, from French instruction, from Latin īnstrūctiō, from īnstruō + -tiō.

(uncountable) The act of instructing, teaching, or providing with information or knowledge.

(countable) An instance of the information or knowledge so furnished.

instruction
(countable) An order or command.

(in the plural) A set of directions provided by a manufacturer for the users of a product or service.

(countable) A single operation of a processor defined by an instruction set architecture.


pleidoi

Borrowed from Dutch pleidooi, from French plaidoyer.


juru bicara

Compound of juru (“person”) + bicara (“speech”), compare Malay jurucakap.

spokesperson: a person who acts as the voice of a group of people.


pegawai negeri

id-noun

pegawai negeri (plural pegawai-pegawai negeri)

Compound of pegawai (“employee”) + negeri (“public”).


instruktur

Ultimately derived from Latin īnstrūctor, from īnstruō + -tor.

instructor (one who instructs; a teacher)


pensil warna

id-noun

pensil warna (plural pensil-pensil warna)

Compound of pensil (“pencil”) + warna (“color”), calque of Dutch kleurpotlood.


persentil

pêrsentil (canonical)
persentil-persentil (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch percentiel.


kejuruan

kêjuruan (canonical)
kejuruan-kejuruan (plural)


tatanan

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">tatanan</i>

→ Malay: تاتانن (tatanan)


rancang

Inherited from Malay رانچڠ (rancang, “peg; to plan, to prepare”), from Javanese ꦫꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ (rancang, “to set up, to assemble; to design; to draw; to estimate”), from Old Javanese rañcaṅ (“frame (bodywork)”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *rcaŋ (“to prick, to pierce, to insert; rack, framework”).
* The sense of to plan, to prepare is reinforced by semantic loan from Javanese ꦫꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ (rancang, “to set up, to assemble; to design, to draw; to estimate”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">rancang</i>


malam pertama

Compound of malam (“night”) + pertama (“first”).

(literal) the first night in a sequence.

first night:
the first night in a sequence.

(figurative) the first night after marriage.

first night:
the first night after marriage.


beji

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦺꦗꦶ (bèji), from Old Javanese beji (“pond”).


beji

Borrowed from Balinese [Term?], from Old Javanese beji (“pond”).


balairung

Reconstructed as balai + *rung, inherited from Malay balairong (compare Minangkabau balerong), from Proto-Austronesian *balay (“house, hall”) and Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuŋ (“unpartitioned building”).


pemakzulan

pemakzulan Donald Trump yang gagal
Donald Trump's failed impeachment


kayu manis

Compound of kayu (“wood”) + manis (“sweet”), inherited from Malay kayu manis (“cinnamon”).

inh+

Cinnamomum verum
Cinnamomum verum#Translingual

Cinnamomum zeylanicum
Cinnamomum zeylanicum

A small evergreen tree native to Sri Lanka and southern India, Cinnamomum verum or Cinnamomum zeylanicum, belonging to the family Lauraceae.

Cinnamomum cassia
Cinnamomum cassia#Translingual

Several related trees, notably the Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) and Chinese cinnamon or cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum or Cinnamomum cassia).

kayu manis:

A warm yellowish-brown color, the color of cinnamon.


Ekaristi

alternative letter-case form of ekaristi


desalinasi

desalination: The process of removing salt from sea water in order to make drinking water.


rekayasa genetika

Compound of rekayasa (“engineering”) + genetika (“genetics”), calque of English genetic engineering.


tempat pengungsian sementara

id-noun

tempat pengungsian sementara (plural tempat-tempat pengungsian sementara)

tempat-tempat pengungsian sementara (plural)

Compound of tempat (“place”) + pengungsian (“evacuation”) + sementara (“temporary”).


kesesakan

kêsêsakan (canonical)
kesesakan-kesesakan (plural)

Affixed sesak + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kesesakan.


penyampelan

pênyampêlan (canonical)
penyampelan-penyampelan (plural)

(Standard Malay)


riset operasi

id-noun

riset operasi (plural riset-riset operasi)

Compound of riset (“research”) + operasi (“operation”), calque of English operations research.

com

operations research
operations research#English

(business, government, management) operations research: The application of scientific methods and techniques to problems of decision making, especially in business management and government administration.


tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan

id-noun

tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (plural tanggung-tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan)

/ˈtaŋ.ɡʊŋ ˈd͡ʒa.wap so.ˈsi.al pər.ʊsa.ˈha.an/

Compound of tanggung jawab (“responsibility”) + sosial (“social”) + perusahaan (“corporate”), calque of English corporate social responsibility.

clq

corporate social responsibility
corporate social responsibility#English

(business) corporate social responsibility: A form of international private business self-regulation which aims to contribute to societal goals of a philanthropic, activist, or charitable nature.


terapi okupasi

occupational therapy
occupational therapy#English

(healthcare) occupational therapy: The therapeutic practice of encouraging better quality of life through the pursuit of work or other occupations.


diagram kotak garis

(statistics) box plot: A graphical summary of a numerical data sample through five statistics: median, lower quartile, upper quartile, and some indication of more extreme upper and lower values.


administrasi publik

public administration
public administration#English

(government, management) the implementation of public policy by governmental bodies; the administration of governmental functions; the administration of a state.

(Standard Malay)

(education) a field of study concerning this, sometimes considered a branch of political science.


jurnalisme

Affixed jurnal (newspaper) + -isme, borrowed from English journalism, from French journalisme.


pengecaman

pêngêcaman (canonical)
pengecaman-pengecaman (plural)

Sebelum itu, pengecaman terhadap bintang nyanyi Inul Dararista juga ramai.

Before that, condemnation of singing star Inul Dararista was common.

Presiden Turki Recep Tayyip Erdogan menolak keras setiap gerakan pengecaman yang menargetkan rakyat Rusia dari berbagai kalangan, termasuk seniman, mahasiswa dan cendekiawan Rusia.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has strongly rejected any gesture of condemnation targeting Russians from all walks of life, including Russian artists, students and intellectuals.


pengecaman

Affixed cam + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pengecaman.

Gambar di bawah merupakan alur proses pengecaman karakter digital ini berjalan.

The image below is the flow of how this digital character recognition process works.


adik kelas

Compound of adik (“younger sibling”) + kelas (“class”).

com

Saya punya tekad membantu orang-orang 'adik kelas saya' buat belajar online.

I was determined to help my 'underclassman' learn online.


administrasi bisnis

Compound of administrasi + bisnis, calque of English business administration.

clq

business administration
business administration#English

(business) business administration: A course of study in higher education intended to prepare the students for a career in business.


farmasetika

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch farmaceutica.


sterilisasi

Internationalism, affixed steril + -isasi, borrowed from Dutch sterilisatie.

(microbiology) The process of treating something to kill or inactivate microorganisms.

(biology, medicine) A procedure to permanently prevent an organism from reproducing.


tegangan listrik

id-noun

tegangan listrik (plural tegangan-tegangan listrik)

Compound of tegangan (“voltage”, literally “tension”) + listrik (“electricity”), calque of Dutch elektrische spanning.

com

potential difference
potential difference#English


ilmu bangunan

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + bangunan (“building”), calque from Chinese 建築學／建筑学 (jiànzhùxué, “architecture”, literally “build(ing) science”).

zh-l

(uncountable) architecture: The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.


bangunan sadap

(hydrology) intake: the place where water, air or other fluid is taken into a pipe or conduit; opposed to outlet.


bangunan bagi

bangunan (“building”) + bagi (“to divide”), literally “divider structure”.


baju penyelamat

id-noun

baju penyelamat (plural baju-baju penyelamat)


pelampung penolong

pelampung penolong (plural pelampung-pelampung penolong)

pelampung + penolong. Calque of English life buoy.


ejakulasi prematur

ejakulasi prematur (plural ejakulasi-ejakulasi prematur)

Compound of ejakulasi + prematur, calque of English premature ejaculation.

premature ejaculation
premature ejaculation#English

(medicine, andrology) premature ejaculation


genetika populasi

Compound of genetika + populasi, a calque of English population genetics.

population genetics
population genetics#English

(genetics) population genetics (the study of the allele frequency distribution and change under the influence of the four evolutionary processes: natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow)


malaka

Inherited from Malay malaka, from Sanskrit मालक (mālaka, “Hibiscus mutabilis; Melia azedarach; wood; ring; garland”).

der

Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus emblica#Translingual

(botany) amla, Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica).


alur klinis

Compound of alur + klinis, calque of English clincal pathway.

integrated care pathway
integrated care pathway

(healthcare) clinical pathway, care pathway, integrated care pathway, critical pathway, or care map: a multidisciplinary management tool based on evidence-based practice for a specific group of patients with a predictable clinical course, in which the different tasks (interventions) by the professionals involved in the patient care are defined, optimized and sequenced either by hour (ED), day (acute care) or visit (homecare). Outcomes are tied to specific interventions.


jalur klinis

id-noun

jalur klinis (plural jalur-jalur klinis)

Compound of jalur + klinis, calque of English clincal pathway.


teh hitam

teh (“tea”) + hitam. Calque of English black tea.

black tea: tea leaves which have been "fermented" (actually, oxidized) before drying to enhance their flavour (cf. green tea).


teh merah

teh (“tea”) + merah (“red”). Calque of Chinese [Term?].


biaya hidup

Compound of biaya (“cost”) + hidup (“live”).


studi kasus

Compound of studi + kasus, calque of English case study.


sektor publik

sektor publik (plural sektor-sektor publik)


curah

bulk: Unpackaged goods when transported in large volumes, e.g. coal, ore or grain.


relevansi

relêvansi (canonical)
relevansi-relevansi (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch relevantie, from French relevance.


pacu jantung

Compound of pacu (literally “spur”) + jantung (“heart”). Compare French stimulateur cardiaque, Russian кардиостимуля́тор (kardiostimuljátor)

cog

кардиостимуля́тор

(cardiology) pacemaker: A medical implement that is used to stimulate a heart to beat by simulating the action of the natural pacemaker.


hitung maju

Compound of hitung (“count”) + maju (“forward”).


perulangan

repetition: The act or an instance of repeating or being repeated.

(programming) loop: A programmed sequence of instructions that is repeated until or while a particular condition is satisfied.


sudut

(geometry) A figure formed by two rays which start from a common point (a plane angle) or by three planes that intersect (a solid angle).

(geometry) The measure of such a figure. In the case of a plane angle, this is the ratio (or proportional to the ratio) of the arc length to the radius of a section of a circle cut by the two rays, centered at their common point. In the case of a solid angle, this is the ratio of the surface area to the square of the radius of the section of a sphere.

A viewpoint; a way of looking at something. The focus of a news story.

(Standard Malay)

(navigation, nautical) bearing, direction: The horizontal angle between the direction of an object and another object, or between it and that of true north; a heading or direction.


difraksi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch diffractie, from French diffraction, from New Latin diffrāctiō (in which coined by Francesco Maria Grimaldi), from Latin diffrāctus, past participle of Latin diffringo (“to shatter, to break into pieces”).

der

(Standard Malay)

(optics) diffraction: The bending of a wave around an obstacle.


eliminasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch eliminatie, from French élimination.

The act of eliminating, expelling or throwing off.

The act of excluding a losing contestant from a match, tournament, or other competition.

(physiology) The act of discharging or excreting waste products or foreign substances through the various emunctories.

(mathematics) The act of causing a quantity to disappear from an equation; especially, in the operation of deducing from several equations containing several unknown quantities a less number of equations containing a less number of unknown quantities.


kangen rumah

kangen (“to yearn for”) + rumah (“home”).


pangsa pasar

id-noun

pangsa pasar (plural pangsa-pangsa pasar)

pangsa (“share”) + pasar (“market”). Calque of English market share.


legalisasi

Affixed legal + -isasi, from Dutch legalisatie.

legalization; the process of making something legal


NEM

(education) acronym of Nilai EBTANAS Murni.


kalimat majemuk bertingkat

kalimat majemuk bertingkat (plural kalimat-kalimat majemuk bertingkat)

kalimat-kalimat majemuk bertingkat (plural)

Compound of kalimat majemuk + bertingkat.

complex sentence
complex sentence#English

(grammar) complex sentence: a sentence that contains an independent clause as well as one or more dependent clauses, such as a relative clause, an adverbial clause, or a noun clause.


kalimat tunggal

kalimat tunggal (plural kalimat-kalimat tunggal)

Compound of kalimat (“sentence”) + tunggal.

(grammar) simple sentence: a sentence that contains one independent clause and no dependent clause.


kalimat majemuk setara

kalimat majemuk setara (plural kalimat-kalimat majemuk setara)

compound sentence
compound sentence#English

(grammar) compound sentence: a sentence that has two or more independent clauses, joined by a conjunction (such as 'but', 'and') and/or punctuation (such as ',').


naratif

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch narratief, from French narratif, from Middle French narratif, from Latin narrativus.


bendu

Inherited from Malay bandu (“friend”), from Sanskrit बन्धु (bandhu, “kinsman, relative”), बन्ध् (bandh, “to bind”).


benduan

bênduan (canonical)
benduan-benduan (plural)

Constructed as bendu (“friend”) + -an, inherited from Malay banduan (“convict”), from Hindi बँधुआ (bandhuā, “prisoner, captive; slave”), from Sanskrit बन्ध् (bandh, “to take or hold captive”).


narasi

Borrowed from Dutch narratie (“narration”).

bor+

(literature) narrating: the use of a written or spoken commentary to convey a story to an audience.

(literature) story or narrative: That which is narrated or recounted; an orderly recital of the details and particulars of some transaction or event, or of a series of transactions or events.

The systematic recitation of an event or series of events. That which is narrated.

A representation of an event or story in a way to promote a certain point of view.

(literature) manner of conveying a story, fictional or otherwise, in a body of work.


terdakwa

(law) the accused: the person charged with an offense


beton prategang

id-noun

beton prategang (plural beton-beton prategang)

Compound of beton (“concrete”) + prategang.

prestressed concrete
prestressed concrete#English

(civil engineering) prestressed concrete: concrete with stresses induced in it before use so as to counteract stresses that will be produced by load; often contains stretched steel bars or wires called tendons.


peluruhan radioaktif

peluruhan radioaktif (plural peluruhan-peluruhan radioaktif)

radioactive decay
radioactive decay#English

(physics) radioactive decay: any of several processes by which unstable nuclei emit subatomic particles and/or ionizing radiation and disintegrate into one or more smaller nuclei.


syarahan

Affixed syarah + -an, inherited from Malay syarahan


penyelamatan

pênyêlamatan (canonical)
penyelamatan-penyelamatan (plural)

Affixed selamat + peng- -an, inherited from Malay penyelamatan.

the process of being restored or made new for the purpose of becoming saved; the process of being rid of the old poor quality conditions and becoming improved.

(Christianity) the process of being saved, the state of having been saved (from hell).


manufaktur

Internationalism, borrowed from English manufacture, from Middle French manufacture, from Old French, from Medieval Latin manūfactūra (“a making by hand”), from manūfactus, a compound of manū factus, manū being ablative of manus (“hand”), and factus past participle of faciō (“I do, make”).

der

manufacture: the action or process of making goods systematically or on a large scale.


uang sen

Redenominasi membawa kembali uang sen.


uang gedung

(education) money paid by students to maintain the school building


uang tunai

Kafe ini menerima pembayaran dengan uang tunai.
This café accepts cash payments.


uang suap

bribe (money given in exchange for influence or as an inducement to breaking the law)


agunan

(business, finance) collateral, warranty


pengucapan

pêngucapan (canonical)
pengucapan-pengucapan (plural)


solidaritas

Internationalism, affixed solider + -itas.


resonansi

résonansi (canonical)
resonansi-resonansi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch resonantie, from Old French resonance (French résonance), from Latin resonantia (“echo”), from resonō (“I resound”).

(countable) A resonant sound, echo or reverberation, such as that produced by blowing over the top of a bottle.

(physics) The increase in the amplitude of an oscillation of a system under the influence of a periodic force whose frequency is close to that of the system's natural frequency.

(music) An increase in the strength or duration of a musical tone produced by sympathetic vibration.


akrual

Internationalism, borrowed from English accrual.

(accounting) accrual: from the creditor's viewpoint, a charge incurred in one accounting period that has not been, but is to be, paid by the end of it.


akseptasi

Borrowed from Dutch acceptatie, from French acceptation.

the act of accepting; the receiving of something offered, with acquiescence, approbation, or satisfaction; especially, favourable reception; approval.

acceptance:
belief in something; agreement, assent.

(Standard Malay)

(business, finance) an assent and engagement by the person on whom a bill of exchange is drawn, to pay it when due according to the terms of the acceptance; the bill of exchange itself when accepted.


perkebunan

pêrkêbunan (canonical)
perkebunan-perkebunan (plural)

perkebunan sawit

(agriculture) estate, plantation: An area where trees are planted, either for commercial purposes, or to adorn an estate.

(historical) estate (major social class in some countries in Europe)


akun berjalan

id-noun

akun berjalan (plural akun-akun berjalan)

Compound of akun (“account”) + berjalan (“running”, literally “walking”).


akresi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch accretie, from Latin accrētiō.

(biology) a growing together of parts naturally separate, as of the fingers or toes.

(geology, hydrology) the gradual increase of land by deposition of water-borne sediment.

(astrophysics) the formation of planets and other bodies by collection of material through gravity.


kata pungutan

id-noun

kata pungutan (plural kata-kata pungutan)

kata (“word”) + pungutan (“picking”), literally “picked word”


anak perusahaan

id-noun

anak perusahaan (plural anak-anak perusahaan)

Compound of anak (“child”) + perusahaan (“company”).

(business) daughter company, subsidiary: A company owned by a parent company or a holding company, also called daughter company or sister company.


arus kas

Compound of arus (“flow”) + kas (“cash”).


perusahaan induk

perusahaan induk (plural perusahaan-perusahaan induk)

perusahaan (“company”) + induk (“parent”). Calque of English parent company.


atestasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch attestatie, from Middle French attestation, from Latin attestātiō.

(business) attestation: The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business information of a business, public agency, or other organization.


badan usaha

Compound of badan (“corporation”) + usaha (“business”).

(business, law) business; company; enterprise


senjata penikam

senjata (“weapon”) + penikam, calque of Dutch steekwapen.

(law) A stabbing or thrusting weapon, particularly one of a smaller size such as a knife or dagger.


senjata pemukul

senjata (“weapon”) + pemukul, calque of Dutch slagwapen.

(law) A melee weapon with which one slashes or chops (as opposed to stabbing).


senjata penusuk

senjata (“weapon”) + penusuk, calque of Dutch stootwapen.

(law) A weapon used for thrusting (may be both sharp or blunt).


cadangan devisa

id-noun

cadangan devisa (plural cadangan-cadangan devisa)

Compound of cadangan (“reserve”) + devisa (“foreign currency, foreign exchange”).

com

foreign exchange reserve
foreign exchange reserve

(economics) foreign exchange reserve: cash and other reserve assets such as gold held by a central bank or other monetary authority that are primarily available to balance payments of the country, influence the foreign exchange rate of its currency, and to maintain confidence in financial markets.


cakupan

handful: the amount that a hand will grasp or contain.


serikat pekerja

id-noun

sêrikat pêkêrja (plural serikat-serikat pekerja)

sêrikat pêkêrja (canonical)
serikat-serikat pekerja (plural)


serikat buruh

sêrikat buruh (plural serikat-serikat buruh)

sêrikat buruh (canonical)
serikat-serikat buruh (plural)


KTP

kartu tanda penduduk
kartu tanda penduduk#Indonesian

Initialism of kartu tanda penduduk (“Indonesian resident identity card”).


pecel

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦼꦕꦼꦭ꧀ (pecel, “a kind of salad”) (compare Malay pecal, Minangkabau pical), from Old Javanese pĕcĕl.

bor+

(cooking) a traditional Javanese salad with peanut sauce, usually eaten with carbs (steamed rice, lontong or ketupat).


qasar

(Islam) shortened number of genuflections in a daily prayer.


letjend

[lət̪̚ˈd͡ʒənt̪̚]

letnan jenderal
letnan jenderal#Indonesian


letjen

[ˈlət̪̚.d͡ʒən]


letnan komandan

id-noun

lètnan komandan (plural letnan-letnan komandan)

lètnan komandan (canonical)
letnan-letnan komandan (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch luitenant commandant.

bor+

lieutenant commander
lieutenant commander


letnan jenderal

id-noun

lètnan jêndêral (plural letnan-letnan jenderal)

lètnan jêndêral (canonical)
letnan-letnan jenderal (plural)


letnan kolonel

lètnan kolonèl (plural letnan-letnan kolonel)

lètnan kolonèl (canonical)
letnan-letnan kolonel (plural)


catatan kaki

catatan kaki (plural catatan-catatan kaki)

Compound of catatan + kaki, calque of Dutch voetnoot.

footnote: A short piece of text, often numbered, placed at the bottom of a printed page, that adds a comment, citation, reference etc, to a designated part of the main text.


cek fiat

certified cheque
certified cheque#English

(finance) certified check, certified cheque: A check (cheque) for which the bank verifies that sufficient funds exist in the account to cover the check, and so certifies, at the time the check is written.


refluks

Internationalism, borrowed from English reflux.

reflux: the backwards flow of any fluid.


Al-Qur'an

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic الْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān, “Qur'an”). Recent standard spelling, replaced Alquran.


deposito berjangka

id-noun

deposito berjangka (plural deposito-deposito berjangka)

Compound of deposito (“deposit”) + berjangka.

(Standard Malay)

(banking) time deposit, term deposit: a deposit in a bank that cannot be withdrawn before a specified date.


daya beli

Compound of daya + beli (“purchase”), calque of Dutch koopkracht.

purchasing power
purchasing power#English


deplesi

Borrowed from Dutch depletie, from Latin depletio, depletionem, from depleō.

The act of depleting, or the state of being depleted; exhaustion. The consumption of a resource faster than it can be replenished.

(Standard Malay)

(accounting, mining) gradual expense or use of natural resources over time.


cendera mata

cendera mata (plural cendera-cendera mata)

Compound of cendera + mata (“eye”), inherited from Malay cenderamata.

souvenir (an item of sentimental value to remember an event or location)


derajat penyebaran

derajat penyebaran (plural derajat-derajat penyebaran)


dewan komisaris

dewan komisaris (plural dewan-dewan komisaris)

Compound of dewan (“council”) + komisaris.

board of directors
board of directors#English


depresiasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch depreciatie.

The state of being depreciated; disparagement. The decline in value of assets.

(accounting) The measurement of the decline in value of assets. Not to be confused with impairment, which is the measurement of the unplanned, extraordinary decline in value of assets.


intoleransi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch intolerantie, from French intolérance, from Latin intolerantia.

intolerance:
The state of being intolerant.

(pharmacology, nutrition) Extreme sensitivity to a food or drug.

intolerance:
Extreme sensitivity to a food or drug.


tedung

têdung (canonical)
tedung-tedung (plural)

Inherited from Malay tedung (“cobra”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁ɗɔɔŋ (“stalk, tail”) (compare Old Javanese *taruṅ, Banjarese tadung (“snake”) and Balinese ᬢᭂᬤᬸᬂ (tedung)).

(zoology) cobra: any of various venomous snakes of the family Elapidae.


polah

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦺꦴꦭꦃ (polah, “action, motion; to move”), from Old Javanese polah (“conduct, behaviour, doings, undertaking”) (cf. pa- + ulah, hence equivalent to peng- + olah/ulah). Doublet of pola.


pergelaran

pêrgêlaran (canonical)
pergelaran-pergelaran (plural)

Affixed gelar + per- -an, borrowed from Sundanese ᮕᮌᮨᮜᮛᮔ᮪ (pagelaran) and Javanese ꦥꦒꦼꦭꦫꦤ꧀ (pagelaran), from Old Javanese pagĕlaran. Doublet of pagelaran.

bor+

act, display, engagement, exhibition, performance, show


djalan

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) obsolete spelling of jalan.


endorsemen

endorsêmen (canonical)
endorsemen-endorsemen (plural)

endorsement:
the act or quality of endorsing.

(economics) an amendment or annotation to an insurance contract or other official document (such as a driving licence).

support from an important, renowned figure of a media (celebrity, politics, sports, etc.), to get back up.


Bapa

From Malay Bapa, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?]. Doublet of bapak.

(Christianity) God, the father of Creation


uang logam

uang logam zaman Belanda seharga Rp208.25 per kepingnya

(a) Dutch-era coin worth Rp208.25 a piece


uang kertas

uang kêrtas (canonical)
uang-uang kertas (plural)

Barangsiapa meniru, memalsukan uang kertas, dan/atau dengan sengaja menyimpan serta mengedarkan uang kertas tiruan atau uang kertas palsu, diancam dengan hukuman penjara.

Whoever copies, counterfeits banknotes, and/or intentionally stores and circulates imitated or counterfeited banknotes, are threatened with imprisonment.


sengadja

Barangsiapa meniru atau memalsukan uang kertas dan barangsiapa mengeluarkan dengan sengadja atau menjimpan uang kertas tiruan atau uang kertas yang dipalsukan akan dituntut dimuka hakim.

Whoever imitates or falsifies banknotes, and whoever releases them deliberately or keeps falsified banknotes, will be prosecuted before the judge.


fidusier

Borrowed from Dutch fiduciair, from French fiduciaire.

fiduciary, trustee: One who holds a thing in trust for another.


hak kebendaan

title: legal right to ownership of a property; a deed or other certificate proving this.


lumpia basah

id-noun

lumpia basah (plural lumpia-lumpia basah)


hukum dagang

hukum dagang (plural hukum-hukum dagang)

(business, law) commercial law, mercantile law, trade law: The body of law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and business engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade, and sales.


paritas

Learned borrowing from Late Latin paritas, from Latin pār (“equal”).

lbor

equality; comparability of strength or intensity.

(computing) the count of one bits in a value, reduced to even or odd or zero or one.


paritas

Learned borrowing from Late Latin paritas, from Latin pariō (“give birth”).

(obstetrics) parity: the number of delivered pregnancies reaching viable gestational age, usually between 20-28 weeks.


dedolarisasi

Mari sukseskan proses dedolarisasi Indonesia!

Let us make Indonesia's dedollarization process successful!


petuah

From Malay petuah, variant of petua, from Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”), the verbal noun of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”). Doublet of fatwa.


ragil

Borrowed from Javanese ꦫꦒꦶꦭ꧀ (ragil), from Old Javanese wuragil. In the second sense, named after Ragil Mahardika, a gay TikToker of Indonesian descent.

(dialect) youngest, lastborn (born last in a family)


empedal

(anatomy) gizzard (portion of the esophagus with ingested grit)


insektisida

Internationalism. Compare Standard Malay insektisid.


periode akuntansi

id-noun

periode akuntansi (plural periode-periode akuntansi)

Compound of periode (“period”) + akuntansi (“accounting”).

com

accounting period
accounting period#English


teriak

Inherited from Malay teriak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iak (“to cry out”) with prefix ter-.

der

a loud, emphatic, exclamation of extreme emotion, especially horror, fear, excitement, or anger; it may comprise a word or a sustained, high-pitched vowel sound

a loud vocalisation of many animals, especially in response to pain or fear

shout (a loud burst of voice or voices; a violent and sudden outcry, especially that of a multitude expressing joy, triumph, exultation, anger, or great effort)


manajer

manager (one who organizes a workforce or collaboration of multiple people to achieve goals by means)


canang

(music) a type of small gong used as an instrument of alarm or announcement


canang

(Bali, Hinduism) a religious offering made of young coconut fronds, filled with betel leaves and nuts, flowers etc.


sengkar

Inherited from Malay sengkar, from Classical Malay سڠکر (sĕngkar), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səŋkar (“transverse beams that support the roof of a house; thwart or ribs of a boat”).

inh

crossbar or thwart in a boat (for the oarsmen)


lawan bicara

head

lawan bicara (plural lawan-lawan bicara)


fiksasi

Borrowed from Dutch fixatie (“fixation”), from Old French fixation.

bor+

(psychiatry, psychology) A state of mind involving obsession with a particular person, idea or thing.

(anatomy, cytology, pathology) preservation of biological tissues from decay due to autolysis or putrefaction.

(orthopaedics, surgery) process by which an injury is rendered immobile.

(ophthalmology) maintaining of the gaze on a single location.

(biochemistry, ecology) the act of uniting chemically with a solid substance or in a solid form; reduction to a non-volatile condition


ilmu lingkungan

environmental science
environmental science

environmental science: the integrated study of factors that influence the environment and environmental systems, especially the interaction of the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment.


kanstin

Cognate of Danish kantsten c, German Kantstein m.

(road transport) curb, kerb: The raised edge between the pavement and the roadway, typically made of concrete though originally consisting of a line of kerbstones.


andalas

Morus macroura
Wikispecies:Morus macroura

king white mulberry, shahtoot mulberry, Tibetan mulberry, long mulberry (Morus macroura; flowering plant species in the genus Morus found in Tibet, the Himalayas, mountainous area of Indonesia, and rain forests of Indochina)


air limbah

Compound of air (“water”) + limbah (“waste”).


gambar kerja

id-noun

gambar kerja (plural gambar-gambar kerja)

Compound of gambar (“working”) + kerja (“drawing”).

(engineering) working drawing: A technical drawing or plan to scale which serves as a guide for the construction or manufacture of something such as a building or machine.


ubur-ubur api

ubur-ubur api (plural ubur-ubur-ubur-ubur api)

Portuguese man-of-war
Portuguese man-of-war

Physalia physalis
Physalia physalis#Translingual

Portuguese man-of-war, bluebottle (Physalia physalis)


tenggeret

/təŋˈɡɛ.rɛt/

[t̪əŋˈɡɛ.rɛt̪̚]


ormas

Acronym of organisasi massa (“mass organization”).

Acronym of organisasi kemasyarakatan (“community organization”).


serampang

sêrampang (canonical)
serampang-serampang (plural)

From Malay serampang, from Classical Malay سرمڤڠ (sĕrampang).


cerita rakyat

cerita rakyat (plural cerita-cerita rakyat)

Compound of cerita + rakyat, from Malay cerita rakyat.


kebiasaan makan

Compound of kebiasaan (“habit”) + makan (“eating”).


kecepatan lepas

Compound of kecepatan (“velocity”) + lepas.


pranatal

Affixed pra- + natal, compare German pränatal.

Advent: The period or season of the Christian church year between Advent Sunday and Christmas.

antenatal, prenatal: period occurring before birth.


gelas ukur

Compound of gelas (“glass”) + ukur (“measuring”).

graduated cylinder
graduated cylinder#English

measuring cylinder
measuring cylinder#English

(nutrition) graduated cylinder, measuring cylinder, or mixing cylinder: a common piece of laboratory equipment used to measure the volume of a liquid


sambungan

continuation: that which extends, increases, supplements, or carries on.

the point at which two or more things are connected.

an established communications or transportation link.

(electronics) junction: a point or area where multiple conductors or semiconductors make physical contact.


arus searah

Compound of arus (“current”) + searah (“unidirectional”). Compare to Chinese 直流 (“direct current”, literally “straight current”).

zh-l

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electricity, electronics, electrical engineering) direct current: An electric current that always flows in the same direction but may differ in intensity over time.


api unggun

Compound of api + unggun. Compare to Standard Malay unggun api.

bonfire: A large, controlled outdoor fire lit to celebrate something or as a signal.


rangkaian listrik

Compound of rangkaian (“circuit”) + listrik (“electric”).

com

electric circuit
electric circuit#English

(electricity, electrical engineering) electric circuit: A path, or an interconnected group of paths (at least one of which is closed), capable of carrying an electric current.


hakim ketua

(Indonesia) chief judge: the principal judge of a court


rumput pakcong

id-noun

rumput pakcong (plural rumput-rumput pakcong)


sampanye

sampanyê (canonical)
sampanye-sampanye (plural)

From Dutch champagne. Doublet of kampus, kampiun, kamp, and kampanye.

doublet

champagne (sparkling wine made in Champagne)


PPPA

Initialism of pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak (“women empowerment and child protection”).


dinsos

Acronym of dinas sosial (“department of social affairs”).


disdik

Acronym of dinas pendidikan (“department of education”).


disperkim

Acronym of dinas perumahan dan permukiman.


dishub

Acronym of dinas perhubungan (“department of transportation”).


disdukcapil

Acronym of dinas kependudukan dan catatan sipil (“residency and civil registry service”).


dinkes

Acronym of dinas kesehatan (“department of health”).


disnaker

Acronym of dinas ketenagakerjaan (“department of manpower”).


PUTR

pekerjaan umum
pekerjaan umum#Indonesian

Initialism of pekerjaan umum dan tata ruang (“public works and spatial plan”).


diskominfo

Acronym of dinas komunikasi dan informatika (“department of communication and information”).


disnakerperindag

Acronym of dinas ketenagakerjaan, perindustrian dan perdagangan (“department of manpower, industry and trade”).


DPMPTSP

penanaman modal
penanaman modal#Indonesian

Initialism of dinas penanaman modal dan pelayanan terpadu satu pintu.


PMPTSP

Initialism of penanaman modal dan pelayanan terpadu satu pintu.


dispora

Acronym of dinas kepemudaan dan olahraga.


disporapar

Acronym of dinas kepemudaan, olahraga dan pariwisata.


disporabudpar

Acronym of dinas kepemudaan, olahraga, kebudayaan dan pariwisata.


DPMD

Acronym of dinas pemberdayaan masyarakat dan desa.


DESDM

Initialism of dinas energi dan sumber daya mineral (“department of energy and mineral resources”).


LHK

lingkungan hidup
lingkungan hidup#Indonesian

Initialism of lingkungan hidup dan kehutanan (“environment and forestry”).


DPUPR

penataan ruang
penataan ruang#Indonesian

Initialism of dinas pekerjaan umum dan penataan ruang (“department of public works and spatial planning”).


DLHK

Initialism of dinas lingkungan hidup dan kehutanan (“department of environment and forestry”).


PUPR

Initialism of pekerjaan umum dan penataan ruang (“public works and spatial planning”).

Initialism of pekerjaan umum dan perumahan rakyat (“public works and public housing”).


disdikbud

Acronym of dinas pendidikan dan kebudayaan (“department of education and culture”).


DKUKM

usaha kecil dan menengah
usaha kecil dan menengah#Indonesian

Initialism of dinas koperasi, usaha kecil dan menengah (“department of cooperative, small and medium-sized enterprises”).


DPK

Initialism of dinas perpustakaan dan kearsipan (“department of libraries and record management”).


ESDM

Initialism of energi dan sumber daya mineral (“energy and mineral resources”).


dishubkominfo

Acronym of dinas perhubungan, komunikasi dan informatika (“department of transportation, communication and information”).


diarpus

Acronym of dinas kearsipan dan perpustakaan (“department of records management and libraries”).


DKPP

ketahanan pangan
ketahanan pangan#Indonesian

Initialism of dinas ketahanan pangan dan peternakan (“department of food security and animal husbandry”).


DTPHP

tanaman pangan
tanaman pangan#Indonesian

Initialism of dinas tanaman pangan, hortikultura dan perkebunan (“department of food crops, horticulture and plantation”).


pengembalian investasi

id-noun

pêngêmbalian invèstasi (plural pengembalian-pengembalian investasi)

pêngêmbalian invèstasi (canonical)
pengembalian-pengembalian investasi (plural)

return on investment
return on investment


disnakertrans

Acronym of dinas tenaga kerja dan transmigrasi (“department of manpower and transmigration”).


disperdagin

Acronym of dinas perdagangan dan industry (“department of trade and industry”).


dinpusip

Acronym of dinas perpustakaan dan kearsipan (“department of libraries and archives”).


diskopum

Acronym of dinas koperasi dan usaha mikro.


diskan

Acronym of dinas perikanan (“department of fisheries”).


dispendik

Acronym of dinas pendidikan (“department of education”).


dikpora

Acronym of pendidikan, kepemudaan dan olahraga.


disdikpora

Acronym of dinas pendidikan kepemudaan dan olahraga.


DKUKMP

Initialism of dinas koperasi, usaha kecil dan menengah dan perindustrian (“department of cooperative, small and medium-sized enterprises and industry”).


DPPKBPMD

keluarga berencana
keluarga berencana#Indonesian

Initialism of dinas pengendalian penduduk, keluarga berencana, pemberdayaan masyarakat dan desa.


DPMPT

Initialism of dinas penanaman modal dan pelayanan terpadu (“department of investment and integrated services”).


lengkung

lêngkung (canonical)
lengkung-lengkung (plural)


wakil gubernur

wakil gubêrnur (plural wakil-wakil gubernur)

wakil gubêrnur (canonical)
wakil-wakil gubernur (plural)


dosa berat

dosa bêrat (canonical)
dosa-dosa berat (plural)


ASN

aparatur sipil negara
aparatur sipil negara#Indonesian

(government) Initialism of aparatur sipil negara.


pemberitahuan

(uncountable) an act of announcing, or giving notice

announcement
an act of announcing, or giving notice

(countable) that which conveys what is announced

announcement
that which conveys what is announced

(countable) the content which is announced

announcement
the content which is announced

notification
(uncountable) the act of notifying

(countable) a specific piece of information that serves to notify

(countable) a text message on a cell phone

notification
a text message on a cell phone


gas rumah kaca

gas rumah kaca (plural gas-gas rumah kaca)

Compound of gas + rumah kaca (“greenhouse”, literally “glasshouse”), calque of English greenhouse gas.


prakiraan cuaca

Compound of prakiraan (“forecast”) + cuaca (“weather”).

(meteorology) weather forecast, weather report, weathercast: A prediction of future weather, often for a specific locality, in a newspaper or on the radio or television.


ramalan cuaca

Compound of ramalan (“forecast”) + cuaca (“weather”).


peremajaan

pêrêmajaan (canonical)
peremajaan-peremajaan (plural)


peremajaan kota

Compound of peremajaan (“renewal”) + kota (“city”).


liabilitas

liability: a handicap that holds something back, a drawback, someone or something that is a burden to whoever is required to take care of them; an individual or action that exposes others to greater risk.

(finance) liability, liabilities: an amount of money in a company that is owed to someone and has to be paid in the future, such as tax, debt, interest, and mortgage payments.


kewajiban

a social, legal, or moral requirement, duty, contract, or promise that compels someone to follow or avoid a particular course of action

a course of action imposed by society, law, or conscience by which someone is bound or restricted

(law) a legal agreement stipulating a specified action or forbearance by a party to the agreement; the document containing such agreement

reason for being obliged to, that is, grateful for, something


pasang purnama

Compound of pasang (“tide”) + purnama (“full moon”).


pasang perbani

Compound of pasang (“tide”) + perbani (“neap, spring”).


pasang mati

Compound of pasang + mati, calque of Dutch doodtij (“neap tide”).


kaliks

Learned borrowing from Latin calyx, from Ancient Greek κάλυξ (kálux, “case of a bud, husk”).

der

(botany) the outermost whorl of flower parts, comprising the sepals, which covers and protects the petals as they develop.

(anatomy) a chamber in the mammalian kidney through which urine passes.

(Catholicism) chalice: A large drinking cup, often having a stem and base and used especially for formal occasions and religious ceremonies.


tuwung

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦸꦮꦸꦁ (tuwung, “ceramic bowl, cup”), from Old Javanese tuwuṅ (“goblet-shaped cymbals”).


wiruk

Borrowed from Dutch wierookvat (“thurible; censer”), wierook (“incense”), from Middle Dutch wierooc, from Old Dutch wīrōk, from *wīh (“holy”) + rouc, *rōk (“smoke”)


pedupaan

pêdupaan (canonical)
pedupaan-pedupaan (plural)

censer: an ornamental container for burning incense, especially during religious ceremonies.


kopral

Borrowed from Dutch korporaal, from Middle French corporal, from Italian caporale, capo (“head, leader”) from Latin caput (“head”).

(military) a non-commissioned officer army rank with NATO code OR-4. The rank below a sergeant but above a lance corporal and private.

(law enforcement) a non-commissioned officer rank in the police force, below a sergeant but above a private or patrolman.


pasokan

Affixed pasok + -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦱꦺꦴꦏꦤ꧀ (pasokan, “supply; deposit; rental fee”).

(Standard Malay)

(Internet) feed (encapsulated online content)


pasokan daya takterputus

id-noun

pasokan daya takterputus (plural pasokan-pasokan daya takterputus)

pasokan-pasokan daya takterputus (plural)

Compound of pasokan daya (“power supply”) + takterputus (“uninterruptible”).

com

uninterruptible power supply
uninterruptible power supply#English

uninterruptible power source
uninterruptible power source#English

(electrical engineering) uninterruptible power supply, uninterruptible power source, UPS: a device or system that almost instantaneously provides emergency power in the case that main power fails.


masa tenggang

Compound of masa (“period”) + tenggang, calque of English grace period.

grace period: a length of time during which rules or penalties are waived or deferred.


bina marga

bina (“to build”) + marga (“road, street”), literally “road development”.


kimus

Learned borrowing from Late Latin chymus, from Ancient Greek χῡμός (khūmós).

lbor

(physiology) chyme: the thick semifluid mass of partly digested food that is passed from the stomach to the duodenum.


hemisfer

hémisfèr (canonical)
hemisfer-hemisfer (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch hemisfeer, from Latin hemisphaerium, from Ancient Greek ἡμισφαίριον (hēmisphaírion).

der

(geography) Half of the Earth, such as the Northern Hemisphere, Southern Hemisphere, Western Hemisphere or Eastern Hemisphere, Land Hemisphere, Water Hemisphere etc.

(anatomy) Either of the two halves of the cerebrum.


herbisida

hèrbisida (canonical)
herbisida-herbisida (plural)


pengadaan

pêngadaan (canonical)
pengadaan-pengadaan (plural)

(formal) Organisation, installation; as relating to operational supervision.


perserikatan

pêrsêrikatan (canonical)
perserikatan-perserikatan (plural)


penyiksaan

pênyiksaan (canonical)
penyiksaan-penyiksaan (plural)


penguat

pênguat (canonical)
penguat-penguat (plural)

(electronics) an appliance or circuit that increases the strength of a weak electrical signal without changing the other characteristics of the signal.

(music) a portable encasement that houses a large speaker, used to amplify voices and musical instruments at live performances.


aktivator

(chemistry) something that activates a catalyst.

activator:
something that activates a catalyst.

(biochemistry) any chemical or agent which regulates one or more genes by increasing the rate of transcription.

(biochemistry) a type of effector that increases the rate of enzyme-mediated reactions.


aktuator

Internationalism, borrowed from English actuator.


kohesi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch cohesie.

state of cohering, or of working together.

(chemistry, physics) various intermolecular forces that hold solids and liquids together.

(linguistics) grammatical or lexical relationship between different parts of the same text.


hambatan udara

id-noun

hambatan udara (plural hambatan-hambatan udara)

(physics) air resistance, drag: the action of friction that slows something moving through air.


keunggulan kompetitif

Compound of keunggulan + kompetitif, calque of English competitive advantage.

competitive advantage
competitive advantage

(business, economics) competitive advantage: an attribute that allows a company or a person to outperform competitors.


aerasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch aeratie.


pengudaraan

pêngudaraan (canonical)
pengudaraan-pengudaraan (plural)

Affixed udara + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pengudaraan.


statistika terapan

Compound of statistika (“statistics”) + terapan (“applied”).

com

applied statistics
applied statistics#English


yubileum

Borrowed from Dutch jubileum, from Late Latin iūbilaeus, from Ancient Greek ἰωβηλαῖος (iōbēlaîos).

jubilee: A major anniversary of an event, particularly the fiftieth (50th) anniversary of a coronation or marriage.


adaini

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦢꦲꦶꦤꦶ (adaini, “major artery”).


acaraki

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese acaraki (“druggist”).


adiwastra

Affixed adi- (“great, most; super-”) + wastra (“traditional fabrics”).


adik tingkat

Compound of adik (“younger sibling”) + tingkat (“grade”).


aes marnam

Compound of aes + marnam, borrowed from Batuley [Term?].


adermatoglifia

(dermatology, genetics, pathology) adermatoglyphia


aimatatuli

(botany) bantigue, mentigi (Pemphis acidula).


reboisasi

Borrowed from Dutch reboisatie, reboïsatie (“reforestation”). Compare to French reboisement (“reforestation”).


aimitin

(botany, dialect) dead plant because of pest


ahlusunah waljamaah

Borrowed from Arabic اهل السنة و الجماعة (literally “the people of the Sunnah and the community”).

اهل السنة و الجماعة


aforestasi

Internationalism, borrowed from English afforestation.


agama darmik

id-noun

agama darmik (plural agama-agama darmik)

Compound of agama + darmik, calque of English dharmic religion.

Dharmic religion
Dharmic religion#English

(theology) Indian religion, Dharmic religion, Indic religion: religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent.


reforestasi

Affixed re- + forestasi, borrowed from English reforestation.


ajakan

Affixed ajak + -an, Inherited from Malay ajakan.


ajir

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦗꦶꦂ (ajir), ꦲꦚ꧀ꦗꦶꦂ (anjir, “stick”).


ajir

Inherited from Malay ajir (“laborer”), from Arabic أَجِير (ʔajīr, “laborer, wageworker”)


alamai

an engagement that is carried out to determine the amount of the proposal property


alam maya

Compound of alam (“world”) + maya (“virtual”).


redaman

rêdaman (canonical)
redaman-redaman (plural)


indeks harga konsumen

consumer price index
consumer price index


alis-alisan

Reduplication of alis (“eyebrow”) + -an.

suffix

Reduplication of <i class="Latn mention" lang="id">alis</i>


alpiris

Borrowed from Luhu [Term?], probably from Portuguese alferes, from Arabic الفَارِس (al-fāris, “knight”). Doublet of alferes and alperes.

a male messenger in traditional ceremonies.


diskontinuitas

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Late Latin discontinuitās, discontinuus.

lbor

a lack of continuity, regularity or sequence; a break or gap.

(mathematics) a point in the range of a function at which it is undefined or discontinuous.

(geology) a subterranean interface at which seismic velocities change.


amonia anhidrat

Compound of amonia (“ammonia”) + anhidrat (“anhydrous”).


almarhumah

Inherited from Malay [Term?], from Arabic مَرْحُومَة (marḥūma).


amonium fosfat

Compound of amonium (“ammonia”) + fosfat (“phosphate”).


pelembapan

pêlêmbapan (canonical)
pelembapan-pelembapan (plural)

Affixed lembap + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pelembapan.


amegop

amêgop (canonical)
amegop-amegop (plural)


anak pancingan

id-noun

anak pancingan (plural anak-anak pancingan)

adopted child by a married couple who do not have offspring in order to immediately have their own biological children.


cairan tubuh

cairan tubuh (plural cairan-cairan tubuh)


bahasa teknis

bahasa teknis (plural bahasa-bahasa teknis)

technical language: common language core that is used in a number of technical professions


angperbekud

(military) Acronym of angkutan perawatan dan perbekalan udara (“air supply, maintenance, and transport”).


angkasa raya

angkasa raya (plural angkasa-angkasa raya)


anggrek monyet

anggrek monyet (plural anggrek-anggrek monyet)

* Compound of anggrek (“orchid”) + monyet (“monkey”).


ancut

Borrowed from Balinese ᬳᬜ᭄ᬘᬸᬢ᭄ (ancut, “remote place”).


aswaja

ahlusunah waljamaah
ahlusunah waljamaah#Indonesian


angin ahmar

Compound of angin + ahmar, inherited from Malay angin ahmar, from angin (“wind”) and أَحْمَر (ʔaḥmar, “red”).


tupoksi

(management) acronym of tugas pokok dan fungsi.


balai harta peninggalan

id-noun

balai harta peninggalan (plural balai-balai harta peninggalan)

Compound of balai (“office, bureau”) + harta peninggalan (“inheritance, estate”), previously 財産管理局(ざいさんかんりきょく) (zaisankanrikyoku, “property custodian office”) and wees en boedelkamers.


antian ni anggara

id-noun

antian ni anggara (plural antian-antian ni anggara)


konstanta dielektrik

konstanta dielektrik (plural konstanta-konstanta dielektrik)

dielectric constant
dielectric constant#English

(physics) dielectric constant: a measure of the permittivity of a material relative to that of a vacuum.


lari cepat

Compound of lari (“run”) + cepat (“fast”). Compare to Spanish carrera de velocidad and Standard Malay lari pecut.

(sports) sprint: a short race at top speed.


anjungan cerdas

anjungan cêrdas (plural anjungan-anjungan cerdas)

anjungan cêrdas (canonical)
anjungan-anjungan cerdas (plural)

Compound of anjungan (“pavilion”) + cerdas (“smart”).


kahim

(education) Acronym of ketua himpunan mahasiswa (“head of student association”).


tempat istirahat dan pelayanan

id-noun

tempat istirahat dan pelayanan (plural tempat-tempat istirahat dan pelayanan)

tempat-tempat istirahat dan pelayanan (plural)

tempat (“place”) + istirahat (“rest”) + dan (“and”) + pelayanan (“service”).


keik sifon

Internationalism, compound of keik + *sifon, from English chiffon cake.

(cooking) chiffon cake: a very light cake made with vegetable oil, eggs, sugar, flour, baking powder, and flavourings.


angrem

angrêm (canonical)
angrem-angrem (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦔꦽꦩ꧀ (angrem, “to sit on egg”).

bor+

(fashion) a batik decoration that depicts animals (usually birds) incubating eggs


pelapukan

(geology) weathering: mechanical or chemical breaking down of rocks in situ by weather or other causes.

(biology) decay: the process or result of being gradually decomposed; rot, decomposition


basa lemah

Compound of basa (“base”) + lemah (“weak”).


basa kuat

Compound of basa (“base”) + kuat (“strong”).

(chemistry) strong base: base that is completely dissociated in an aqueous solution.


cakalang

Katsuwonus pelamis
Katsuwonus pelamis#Translingual

(zoology) bonito, skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis)


antunga

(music) bamboo Qanbūs, a short-necked lute.


antung

the title of Banjar noble descent attached to the son of a man with the title gusti who married a commoner woman


antung

sea ghosts, exorcised by breaking a bottle on the bow of the boat


APPU

(aviation) initialism of ahli perawatan pesawat udara (“aircraft maintenance technician”).


apartemen studio

id-noun

apartemen studio (plural apartemen-apartemen studio)

Compound of apartemen + studio, borrowed from English studio apartment.

studio apartment
studio apartment#English

studio apartment: a small apartment that combines a number of rooms, often the living room, bedroom, and kitchen, into a single room.


argometer

argometêr (canonical)
argometer-argometer (plural)

Compound of harga (“fare”) + meter (“meter”).


apokdim

a tool for smoking tobacco, made from reeds and a filter from sago shoots


arapota

traditional house wall from dry sago frond


artrok

artileri roket
artileri roket#Indonesian

(military) Acronym of artileri roket (“rocket artillery”).


arlindo

Arus Lintas Indonesia
w:id:Arus Lintas Indonesia

(oceanography) Acronym of Arus Lintas Indonesia (“Indonesian Throughflow”).


arunika

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अरुनीका (arunīkā).

lbor

(literary) a beam of sunlight after rising in the morning


aruan tasik

(zoology) Bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus).


arwah penasaran

id-noun

arwah penasaran (plural arwah-arwah penasaran)


askasdam

asisten kepala staf daerah militer#Indonesian

(military) Acronym of asisten kepala staf daerah militer.


arupera

traditional fever medicine made from the juice of the leaves of a wild plant that looks like a chili plant, but has thorns on its stem


asbabulwurud

Borrowed from Arabic أَسْبَاب الْوُرُود (ʔasbāb al-wurūd).

bor+

أَسْبَاب الْوُرُود


arwah gentayangan

id-noun

arwah gentayangan (plural arwah-arwah gentayangan)


arus utama

Compound of arus + utama, calque of English mainstream.

mainstream: that which is common; the norm.


aslesar

aslésar (canonical)
aslesar-aslesar (plural)

food provided by the owner of the field for workers who are growing rice


belahan

(mineralogy) cleavage (the tendency of a crystal to split along specific planes)

(anatomy) lobe (a clear division of an organ that can be determined at the gross anatomy level, especially one of the parts of the brain, liver or lung)


perawakan kristal

perawakan kristal (plural perawakan-perawakan kristal)


pengangkat

Affixed peng- + angkat. Doublet of pangkat.


eksponen

èksponèn (canonical)
eksponen-eksponen (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch exponent, from Latin expōnēns.

(Standard Malay)

(mathematics) The number by which a value (called the base) is said to be raised to a power in exponentiation: for example, the 3 in 2³=8.

One who expounds, represents or advocates.


keratabasa

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦼꦫꦠꦧꦱ (keratabasa) (compare Old Javanese kṛta (“done, made”) + bhāṣa (“speech”), Sanskrit कृत (kṛta) + भाषा (bhāṣā)).

com

कृत (kṛta) + भाषा (bhāṣā)


pesawat peluncur

id-noun

pesawat peluncur (plural pesawat-pesawat peluncur)


pesawat pemburu

pesawat pemburu (plural pesawat-pesawat pemburu)


pesawat pengebom

pesawat pengebom (plural pesawat-pesawat pengebom)


pesawat radio

pesawat radio (plural pesawat-pesawat radio)


pesawat pendingin

pesawat pendingin (plural pesawat-pesawat pendingin)


abandonemen

giving damaged goods to insurance for full compense


pesawat telepon

telepon engkol
telepon engkol#Indonesian

(chiefly formal) Synonym of telepon engkol


acara televisi

acara televisi (plural acara-acara televisi)


abreviasi

Internationalism, borrowed from English abbreviation.


keabsurdan

kêabsurdan (countable and uncountable, plural keabsurdan-keabsurdan)

kêabsurdan (canonical)
keabsurdan-keabsurdan (plural)


aditif

additive: a substance added to another substance or product to produce specific properties in the combined substance.


advokasi

Borrowed from Dutch advocatie, from Latin advocātiō.

the act of arguing in favour of, or supporting someone or something.

the practice of supporting someone to make their voice heard.


adisi

Borrowed from Dutch additie, from French addition, from Latin additiōnem.

(arithmetic) The arithmetic operation of adding.

addition:
The arithmetic operation of adding.

(Standard Malay)

(organic chemistry) an organic reaction where two or more molecules combine to form a larger one (the adduct).


pengabdian

pêngabdian (canonical)
pengabdian-pengabdian (plural)

Affixed abdi + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pengabdian.


peracun

poisoner (a person who poisons something or someone)


peracunan

poisoning (the act of administering poison)


adaptabilitas

adaptability (quality of being adaptable; a quality that renders adaptable)

(biology) adaptability (variability in respect to, or under the influence of, external conditions)


radio dengkul

radio dengkul (plural radio-radio dengkul)


radikal bebas

radikal bebas (plural radikal-radikal bebas)

(chemistry, physics) free radical: a molecule, ion or atom that has one or more unpaired electrons, and which is generally highly reactive (and therefore often occurs only as a transient species).


rabitah

(rare) Synonym of perkumpulan (“association”)


rafik

From Malay rafik, ultimately from Arabic رَفِيق (rafīq).


rabuk

Inherited from Malay rabuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀabuk (“decaying wood; dust, powder”).

inh

tinder (small dry sticks and finely-divided fibrous matter used to help light a fire)

(figurative, uncommon) anything that easily causes a dispute


rabuk

Borrowed from Javanese ꦫꦧꦸꦏ꧀ (rabuk). Perhaps related to the first etymology.


fasihat

bor

Arabic فَصَاحَة (faṣāḥa)


fibrasi

Alternative spelling of vibrasi (“vibration”)


fisipol

(education) Acronym of fakultas ilmu sosial dan ilmu politik (“faculty of social science and political science”).


fira'un

Alternative spelling of firaun (“pharao”)


perfilman

pêrfilêman (canonical)
perfilman-perfilman (plural)


kefleksibelan

(uncountable, uncommon) flexibility (the quality of being flexible, whether physically or metaphorically)


fleksibilitas

(uncountable) flexibility (the quality of being flexible, whether physically or metaphorically)


kamp konsentrasi

id-noun

kamp konsentrasi (plural kamp-kamp konsentrasi)


keabnormalan

kêabnormalan (canonical)
keabnormalan-keabnormalan (plural)


filamen

Borrowed from Dutch filament, from Medieval Latin fīlāmentum, from Late Latin fīlō (“to spin, draw out in a long line”), from Latin fīlum (“thread”).

der

(botany) the stalk of a flower stamen, supporting the anther.


fenotipe

Borrowed from Dutch fenotype (“phenotype”), from Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō, “to shine, to show, to appear”) and Ancient Greek τύπος (túpos, “mark, type”).

derived

(genetics, evolutionary theory) phenotype


fardu kifayah

id-noun

fardu kifayah (plural fardu-fardu kifayah)

collective duty of Muslims (fardul-kifayah)


fertilisasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch fertilisatie (“fertilisation”), from French fertilisation.

bor+

the act or process of rendering fertile.

the act of fecundating or impregnating the gametes of animals, plants, etc.; including the process by which in flowers the pollen renders the ovule fertile, an analogous process in flowerless plants, or the joining of sperm and egg in animals.

fertilization:
the act of applying fertilizer to soil.


kolam tampung

id-noun

kolam tampung (plural kolam-kolam tampung)


gergasi

gêrgasi (canonical)
gergasi-gergasi (plural)


honje

torch ginger, ginger flower, red ginger lily, torch lily, wild ginger (Etlingera elatior).


wadah

Inherited from Malay wadah, from Javanese ꦮꦝꦃ (wadhah, “container, receptacle”), from Old Javanese waḍah (“vessel, container”).


bandung

Inherited from Malay bandung, from Old Javanese baṇḍuṅ (“together; at the same time”) (cognate of Javanese ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦁ (bandhung), Balinese ᬩᬡ᭄ᬥᬸᬂ (bandung)).


sosialita

Learned borrowing from English socialite.


asonisoni

the tradition of flushing each other between the original clan owners of the traditional house to be restored and those who come out of that clan


asmaraguna

Compound of asmara (“love”) + guna, from Riau Malay [Term?].

(Riau Islands or higher register, literary) A conjurer skilled in crafting or concocting philtres and love charms.


asrok

a place to park a boat on the river bank


otomasi

(proscribed) Alternative form of automasi


asuhan

fostering, nurturing, rearing, upbringing

(healthcare) the treatment of those in need (especially as a profession).


aspal buton

natural asphalt originating from Buton with high mineral content


cek dan balans

check and balance
check and balance#English

(politics) check and balance: the mutual oversight provided by a system of independent organizations with control over each other.


sistem politik

id-noun

sistem politik (plural sistem-sistem politik)

Compound of sistem (“system”) + politik (“politics”).

com

political system
political system#English


asul-asul

souvenir: an item of sentimental value, to remember an event or location.


atela

the black and white clothes worn by courtiers at the Yogyakarta palace


periksa dan timbang

(philosophy) check and balance: the mutual oversight provided by a system of independent organizations with control over each other.


averoisme

averoismê (canonical)
averoisme-averoisme (plural)

Affixed Averroes + -isme, Borrowed from Dutch Averroïsme.


awak-awak

an arrangement of plates and copper wire placed in front of the canting cap to form a decorative image on the front of the batik cloth


majenun

majênun (canonical)
majenun-majenun (plural)

From Malay majnun, majenun, from Arabic مَجْنُون (majnūn).


ayanginahe

a spell to summon an eel so that it does not run away when caught


ayam jantan muda

id-noun

ayam jantan muda (plural ayam-ayam jantan muda)


ayam jantan dewasa

ayam jantan dewasa (plural ayam-ayam jantan dewasa)


ayam kedu hitam

(zoology) a rare hyperpigmentation (fibromelanosis) breed of chicken from Indonesia


ayam ras

Compound of ayam (“chicken”) + ras (“bred”).

(agriculture, poultry) foreign domesticated chicken


awuhu

Borrowed from Gorontalo awuhu (“ocean”).


ranti

Solanum nigrum (a plant of the family Solanaceae, also known as blackberry nightshade or black nightshade)


babaun

(cooking) flat, tasteless sago snacks cooked in a wok or cauldron


babango

Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?]. Probably reduplication of bangau (“crane”).


babelan

a person who always follows wherever others go and doesn't want to be left behind


babatan

Affixed babat (“to clear, to cut away”) + -an.


teknik kontrol

teknik kontrol (plural teknik-teknik kontrol)

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + kontrol (“control”).

com

control engineering
control engineering#English

(engineering) control engineering: The subfield of engineering concerned with designing and building controllers and control systems.


teknik kendali

id-noun

teknik kendali (plural teknik-teknik kendali)

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + kendali (“control”).


teknik komputer

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + komputer (“computer”), calque of English computer engineering.

computer engineering
computer engineering

computer engineering: a branch of engineering that deals with design and application of computers.


ketatanegaraan

Affixed tata negara (“constitution; government, administration”) + ke- -an.


ilmu ekonomi mikro

Compound of ilmu ekonomi (“economics”) + mikro (“micro”).


teknik industri

id-noun

teknik industri (plural teknik-teknik industri)

Compound of teknik (“engineering”) + industri (“industry”).

com

industrial engineering
industrial engineering

(engineering) industrial engineering: an engineering profession concerned with the optimization of complex processes, systems, or organizations by developing, improving and implementing integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information and equipment.


instrumentasi

(engineering) measuring instruments that are used for indicating, measuring and recording physical quantities.

(music) orchestration: the arrangement of a musical composition for performance by a number of different instruments; instrumental composition; composition for an orchestra or military band.


ilmu ukur tanah

Compound of ilmu ukur (“geometry”) + tanah (“land”), calque of Dutch aardmeetkunde, landmeetkunde (“geodesy”).

clq

geodesy: the discipline which deals with the measurement and representation of Earth, its gravitational field and geodynamic phenomena (polar motion, Earth tides, and crustal motion) in three-dimensional, time-varying space.


ilmu ekonomi makro

Compound of ilmu ekonomi (“economics”) + makro (“macro”).

com

(economics) macroeconomics: The study of the entire economy in terms of the total amount of goods and services produced, total income earned, the level of employment of productive resources, and the general behavior of prices.


ilmu murni

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + murni (“pure”).

(sciences) pure science: research performed without regard to practical applications, either for the advancement of human knowledge as a goal in itself or at least as a necessary feedstock to translational science.


ilmu ukur ruang

Compound of ilmu ukur (“geometry”) + ruang (“space”), calque of Dutch ruimtemeetkunde (“solid geometry”).

clq

(geometry) spatial geometry: study of the figures measurements and properties


ilmu tata negara

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + tata negara (“constitution; government, administration”).


ilmu ukur sudut

Compound of ilmu ukur (“geometry”) + sudut (“angle”), calque of Dutch hoekmeetkunde (“goniometry”).


instrumen

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch instrument, from Middle Dutch instrument, from Old French instrument, from Latin īnstrūmentum.

a tool, implement used for manipulation or measurement.

(music) musical instrument: a device used to produce music.

a means or agency for achieving an effect.

(law) a legal document, such as a contract, deed, trust, mortgage, power, indenture, or will.


ilmu kedokteran

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + kedokteran (“medicine”), calque of Dutch geneeskunde. Compare to Chinese 醫學 /医学 (yīxué), Japanese 医学(いがく) (igaku).

com

(education) medicine, the study of the cause, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease or illness.


azimut balik

backazimuth: a projection of the azimuth from the origin to the opposite side of the azimuth circle


kejar

(education) Acronym of kelompok belajar (“study group”).


ilmu terapan

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + terapan (“applied”).

(sciences) applied science: science as applied to practical problems (applications), such as engineering and the advancement of technology.


uduk

Borrowed from Betawi uduk, from Javanese ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀, ꦮꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀ (uduk, wuduk, “fatty, rich”), from Old Javanese wuduk (“fat”).

der

ꦲꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀, ꦮꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀


menak

Borrowed from Sundanese ᮙᮦᮔᮊ᮪ (ménak, “nobility”) (compare Javanese ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀ (ménak, “obsolete title for a nobleman”, literally “comfortable”), Balinese ᬫᬾᬦᬓ᭄ (ménak, “pleasant person; nobility”)), from Old Javanese menak (“nobleman”). By surface analysis, meng- + enak (“delicious; comfortable, pleasant”).


badenga

wood that resists water and soil moisture and sand, commonly used for bridges


ruang mati

(physiology) the portion of the respiratory tract that is ventilated but not perfused by pulmonary circulation.

(surgery) a space that exists post-operatively in which fluid may accumulate and may require draining.


bagan alir

Compound of bagan + alir, calque of English flow chart.

flow chart, flow diagram: a schematic representation of how the different stages in a process are interconnected.


perasat

(medicine) maneuver, manoeuvre, manœuvre: a specific medical or surgical movement, often eponymous, done with the doctor's hands or surgical instruments.


pewarna buatan

id-noun

pewarna buatan (plural pewarna-pewarna buatan)

Compound of pewarna (“coloring”) + buatan.

(cooking) artificial coloring, synthetic food dyes


manuver

manuvêr (canonical)
manuver-manuver (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch manoeuvre, from French manœuvre and manouvrer (“to maneuver”), from Old French manovre (“handwork, manual labor”), from Medieval Latin manopera, manuopera (“work done by hand, handwork”), from manu (“by hand”) + operari (“to work”).

der

(military) the planned movement of troops, vehicles etc.; a strategic repositioning; (later also) a large training field-exercise of fighting units.

(medicine) a specific medical or surgical movement, often eponymous, done with the doctor's hands or surgical instruments.


determinisme ekonomi

economic determinism
economic determinism

(economics) economic determinism: A socioeconomic theory stating that economic relationships (such as being an owner or capitalist, or being a worker or proletarian) are the foundation upon which all other societal and political arrangements are based


sabuk pengaman

id-noun

sabuk pengaman (plural sabuk-sabuk pengaman)


friksi

Borrowed from Dutch frictie, from Latin frictiō.

friction: conflict, as between persons having dissimilar ideas or interests; clash.


yaum ulkiamat

yaum ulkiamat (plural yaum-yaum ulkiamat)


perjaka

pêrjaka (canonical)
perjaka-perjaka (plural)


formaldehida

From English formaldehyde, from form(yl + aldehyde.

(organic chemistry) formaldehyde (the simplest aldehyde, HCHO, a colourless gas that has many industrial applications; it dissolves in water to give formol (10%) and formalin)


frambos

From Dutch framboos, from Middle French framboise, from Frankish *brāmabasi, a variant of Proto-West Germanic *brāmabaʀi.

(dated) Synonym of rasberi (“raspberry”)


perzinaan

pêrzinaan (canonical)
perzinaan-perzinaan (plural)


zone industri

zone industri (plural zone-zone industri)


zona industri

zona industri (plural zona-zona industri)


wilahar

nonstandard form of welahar (“small lake”).


perzinahan

pêrzinahan (canonical)
perzinahan-perzinahan (plural)


yustisi

Borrowed from Dutch justitie (“justice (branch of government)”), from Latin jūstitia, iustitia (“justice, fairness, equity”). Doublet of yustisia.


zahid

Inherited from Malay zahid, from Arabic زَاهِد (zāhid).

ascetic: one who is devoted to the practice of self-denial, either through seclusion or stringent abstinence.


zuhud

Inherited from Malay zuhud, from Arabic زُهْد (zuhd).


zamzam

(Islam) Zamzam, a holy well located in Masjid al-Haram.

(Islam) Water sourced from the holy well itself.


pembela

pêmbela (canonical)
pembela-pembela (plural)

Affixed bela + peng-, inherited from Malay pembela.


pembela

pêmbêla (canonical)
pembela-pembela (plural)


isyarat

Inherited from Malay isyarat, from Arabic إِشَارَة (ʔišāra).

Arabic إِشَارَة (ʔišāra)

(biochemistry) signal (signalling interaction between cells)

cue (an action or event that is a signal for somebody to do something)

(drama) cue, catchword (the last words of a play actor's speech, serving as an intimation for the next actor to speak)

(anthropology) gesture (form of non-verbal or non-vocal communication with bodily actions)


manakala

Compound of mana (“where”) + kala (“time”).


NSPK

Initialism of norma, standar, prosedur, dan kriteria (“norm, standard, procedure, and criteria”).


zona waktu

Compound of zona (“zone”) + waktu (“time”), calque of Dutch tijdzone.


penerus

pênêrus (canonical)
penerus-penerus (plural)

Affixed peng- + terus, inherited from Malay penerus.


redundansi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch redundantie, from French redondance.

redundancy:
the state of being redundant.

(electronics) duplication of components or circuits to provide survival of the total system in case of failure of single components.

(linguistics) superfluity: something redundant or excessive; a needless repetition in language


penyearah

pênyêarah (canonical)
penyearah-penyearah (plural)

(electronics) rectifier: an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction.


pertanda

indication (a visible fact that shows that something exists or may happen)


teleseri

Blend of televisi (“television”) + serial (“serial”).


opera sabun

From opera (“opera”) + sabun (“soap”). Calque of English soap opera.


persalinan

pêrsalinan (canonical)
persalinan-persalinan (plural)

(obstetrics) labour, labor: the act of a mother giving birth, the time period during which a mother gives birth.

(obstetrics) childbirth, parturition: The fact or action of giving birth to a child, as the culmination of pregnancy.


induksi persalinan

id-noun

induksi persalinan (plural induksi-induksi persalinan)

Compound of induksi (“induction”) + persalinan (“labour, labor”).

com

(obstetrics) labour induction: process or treatment that stimulates childbirth and delivery. Inducing (starting) labor can be accomplished with pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical methods.


parturisi

Borrowed from Dutch parturitie (“parturition”).


pelahiran

(obstetrics) delivery: act of giving birth


terapi intensif

Compound of terapi (“therapy”) + intensif (“intensive”).

com

intensive therapy
intensive therapy#English

(medicine) intensive care, intensive therapy: the support and monitoring of critically ill patients, especially by the use of instrumentation and specialized staff and equipment.


terapi wicara

id-noun

terapi wicara (plural terapi-terapi wicara)

Compound of terapi (“therapy”) + wicara (“speech”).

(healthcare) speech therapy: The study and correction of a person's speech and language defects, disorders in communication and swallowing disorders.


rasi bintang

An asterism, an arbitrary formation of stars perceived as a figure or pattern, or a division of the sky including it, especially one officially recognised by astronomers.

Any of the 88 regions of the sky officially recognized by the IAU, including all stars and celestial bodies in the region.


kedokteran nuklir

Compound of kedokteran + nuklir, calque of English nuclear medicine.

(medicine) nuclear medicine: the branch of medicine that uses radioactive isotopes in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.


pengobatan tradisional

Compound of pengobatan + tradisional, calque of English traditional medicine.

traditional medicine
traditional medicine

a system of medicine developed before the era of modern medicine, especially one that is associated with a single culture.

a specific medicine or remedy in this system.


syariat

From Malay syariat, from Arabic شَرِيعَة (šarīʕa).

der

Arabic شَرِيعَة (šarīʕa)


pemulangan

pêmulangan (canonical)
pemulangan-pemulangan (plural)


mil laut

Compound of mil + laut, calque of Dutch zeemijl (“nautical mile”).

clq

(nautical) nautical mile: a unit of length corresponding approximately to one minute of arc of latitude along any meridian. By international agreement it is exactly 1,852 metres (approximately 6,076 feet or 1.151 statute mile).


bradikardia

From Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús, “slow”) + καρδία (kardía, “heart”).


takikardia

From New Latin tachycardia, from Ancient Greek ταχύς (takhús, “swift”) + καρδία (kardía, “heart”).


syok kardiogenik

id-noun

syok kardiogenik (plural syok-syok kardiogenik)

cardiogenic shock
cardiogenic shock#English

(cardiology, emergency medicine, pathology) cardiogenic shock


otot jantung

Compound of otot (“muscle”) + jantung (“heart”).


fisika modern

(physics) modern physics: as distinguished from classical physics, all physics discoveries made since approximately 1900, including relativity and quantum mechanics.


gagal jantung

Compound of gagal + jantung, calque of Dutch hartfalen.

congestive heart failure
congestive heart failure#English

(cardiology, pathology) heart failure, congestive heart failure


akses kursi roda

akses kursi roda (plural akses-akses kursi roda)


agen perjalanan wisata

agen perjalanan wisata (plural agen-agen perjalanan wisata)

(business, tourism) travel agency: A company that arranges travel and accommodation for travellers.


agrowisata

Affixed agro- + wisata (“tourism”), calque of English agritourism, agrotourism. Compare to Standard Malay agropelancongan.

clq

(agriculture, tourism) agritourism: a form of tourism in which tourists stay in farms or agricultural villages, either to experience farm life, or as a base for exploring the countryside.


pelayanan publik

id-noun

pelayanan publik (plural pelayanan-pelayanan publik)


anak nirpendamping

anak nirpendamping (plural anak-anak nirpendamping)

(transport, tourism) unaccompanied minor.


amenitas

(tourism) a thing or circumstance that is welcome and makes life a little easier or more pleasant.


aktivitas khusus

aktivitas khusus (plural aktivitas-aktivitas khusus)

(tourism) activity on tourist trips provided in accordance with tourist interests


tashih

Borrowed from Arabic تَصْحِيح (taṣḥīḥ, “confirmation; authorization”).


pemerkosaan

rape (the act of forcing sex upon another person without their consent or against their will)


gerbang logika

id-noun

gerbang logika (plural gerbang-gerbang logika)

Compound of gerbang (“gate”) + logika (“logic”).

(electronics) logic gate: A physical device, typically electronic, which computes a Boolean logical output (0 or 1) from Boolean input or inputs according to the rules of some logical operator.


kehakiman

kêhakiman (canonical)
kehakiman-kehakiman (plural)

Affixed hakim + ke- -an, so inherited from Malay kehakiman.


peradilan

pêradilan (canonical)
peradilan-peradilan (plural)

(law) judiciary, justiciary: a collective term for the court system or the body of judges, justices etc.

(law) justice: judgment and punishment of a party who has allegedly wronged another.


pengadilan militer

pengadilan militer (plural pengadilan-pengadilan militer)

Compound of pengadilan (“court”) + militer (“military”). Compare to Dutch krijgsraad and Japanese 軍律会議(ぐんりつかいぎ) (gunritsukaigi) (commonly romanized as gunritu kaigi).


pengadilan agama

id-noun

pengadilan agama (plural pengadilan-pengadilan agama)


pengadilan pajak

pengadilan pajak (plural pengadilan-pengadilan pajak)


inti sari

Compound of inti + sari. Semantic loan from Dutch kern. Coined in 1940s.


kastanya

Learned borrowing from Latin castanea, from Ancient Greek καστάνεια (kastáneia), from κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kắstănă). Spelling influenced by earlier inherited form kastanye, borrowed from Dutch kastanje.

chestnut
A tree or shrub of the genus Castanea.


kastanye

Alternative spelling of kastanya (“chestnut”)


kuasar

(astronomy) quasar (“quasi-stellar object, quasi-stellar radio source”) (AGN: active galactic nucleus) (a type of active galaxy)


energi terbarukan

energi terbarukan (plural energi-energi terbarukan)


advisori

Borrowed from English advisory (“warning”).


bahasa kebangsaan

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + kebangsaan (“national”), calque of Dutch nationale taal.

compound

(linguistics) national language, a language afforded an elevated status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction.


SBN

surat berharga
surat berharga#Indonesian


evangeliarium

(Catholicism) evangelistary: selections from the Gospels, read during worship services.


adorasi

Borrowed from Dutch adoratie, from Middle French adoration, from Latin adōrātiō, adōrātiōnem (“worship, adoration”).


dosen pembimbing

id-noun

dosen pembimbing (plural dosen-dosen pembimbing)

(education) advisor, adviser; supervisor.


taman pustaka

taman pustaka (plural taman-taman pustaka)


taman bacaan

taman bacaan (plural taman-taman bacaan)

Compound of taman (“park”) + bacaan (“something to read”).


kandelar

kandêlar (canonical)
kandelar-kandelar (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch kandelaar, from Middle Dutch candelare, probably from Old French chandelier (Modern French chandelier), from Latin candēlābrum.

(Catholicism) candelabrum: candle holder, candlestick.


kandelir

kandêlir (canonical)
kandelir-kandelir (plural)

Borrowed from French chandelier, either via English chandelier or directly, from Latin candelabrum.

chandelier: a branched, often ornate, lighting fixture suspended from the ceiling.


akhirat

Inherited from Malay akhirat, from Arabic آخِرَة (ʔāḵira, “the hereafter”).


gagang

Inherited from Malay gagang (“stalk”), from Javanese ꦒꦒꦁ (gagang, “central stalk, stem; handle”), from Old Javanese gagaṅ (“stalk”), gaṅ (“stalk”).

der

aerial roots, roots that grow from branches (such as on a banyan tree)


lettre de voiture

Unadapted borrowing from French lettre de voiture (“waybill”).


kiropraktik

Internationalism, from Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + πρακτικός (praktikós, “concerned with action”).

alternative medicine
alternative medicine


bintang laut

id-noun

bintang laut (plural bintang-bintang laut)


harga terendah

harga terendah (plural harga-harga terendah)

Compound harga (“price”) + terendah (“lowest”).


penaksiran

pênaksiran (canonical)
penaksiran-penaksiran (plural)

Affixed taksir + peng- -an, inherited from Malay penaksiran.


kejahatan terorganisasi

kejahatan terorganisasi (plural kejahatan-kejahatan terorganisasi)


kejahatan terorganisir

kejahatan terorganisir (plural kejahatan-kejahatan terorganisir)


transfigurasi

Borrowed from Dutch transfiguratie, from Latin transfigūrātio.


gas alam cair

liquefied natural gas
liquefied natural gas#English

liquefied natural gas: natural gas that has been cooled and compressed to liquid form for transport and storage.


pengaturan

pêngaturan (canonical)
pengaturan-pengaturan (plural)

kondisi pengaturan ekspansi


kabut asap

Compound of kabut (“fog, mist”) + asap (“smoke”), calque from Chinese 煙霧／烟雾 (yānwù, “smog; mist; smoke and fog”).

zh-l

A smog: mixture of particulates and gases as a result of urban air pollution.


keamanan pangan

food safety (a scientific method/discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent foodborne illness)


keamanan siber

Compound of keamanan + siber, calque of English cybersecurity.

cybersecurity (security against electronic attacks such as cyberwarfare or cyberterrorism)


siber

Internationalism, borrowed from English cyber.

cyber: everything having to do with the Internet considered collectively.


jarak pandang

id-noun

jarak pandang (plural jarak-jarak pandang)


perusahaan asuransi

perusahaan asuransi (plural perusahaan-perusahaan asuransi)

Compound of perusahaan (“company”) + asuransi (“insurance”).

com

(business) insurance company, insurance carrier


pembatalan

(Standard Malay)


mayoritas mutlak

id-noun

mayoritas mutlak (plural mayoritas-mayoritas mutlak)

Compound of mayoritas (“majority”) + mutlak (“absolute”).

com

absolute majority: A true numerical majority, more than 50% of the items being counted.


sekongkol

From se- + kongkol, from Dutch konkelen (“to intrigue”).


penangguhan

pênangguhan (canonical)
penangguhan-penangguhan (plural)


kebijakan administrasi

id-noun

kebijakan administrasi (plural kebijakan-kebijakan administrasi)

(government, management) administrative policy


pemerintah bayangan

pemerintah bayangan (plural pemerintah-pemerintah bayangan)


pembangunan berkelanjutan

pembangunan berkelanjutan (plural pembangunan-pembangunan berkelanjutan)

Compound of pembangunan + berkelanjutan, calque of English sustainable development.

clq

sustainable development
sustainable development

sustainable development: development which seeks to produce sustainable economic growth while ensuring future generations' ability to do the same by not exceeding the regenerative capacity of nature.


petanda

pêtanda (canonical)
petanda-petanda (plural)

Affixed per- + tanda, peng- + tanda, inherited from Malay petanda.


kata kerja bantu

id-noun

kata kerja bantu (plural kata-kata kerja bantu)

Compound of kata kerja (“verb”) + bantu (“auxiliary”), calque of Dutch hulpwerkwoord (“auxiliary verb”).


pronomina persona

id-noun

pronomina persona (plural pronomina-pronomina persona)

Compound of pronomina (“pronoun”) + persona (“to replace; to change”), from Latin pronomina personalia.

com

personal pronoun
personal pronoun#English

(grammar) personal pronoun: pronouns that are associated primarily with a particular grammatical person – first person (as I), second person (as you), or third person (as he, she, it, they).