astasari

From Balinese ᬅᬱ᭄ᬝᬲᬭᬶ (astasari), equivalent to asta- + sari.

(Balinese architecture) the multi-purpose main hall building in the eastern or southern part of the sanctuary.


astabrata

From Javanese ꦲꦱ꧀ꦛꦧꦿꦠ (asthabrata), from Sanskrit अष्ट (aṣṭa, “eight”) + व्रत (vrata, “way, law”), equivalent to asta- + brata.

compound

eight principles of Javanese leadership.


bintang jatuh

Compound of bintang (“star”) + jatuh (“fall”), calque of Dutch vallende ster (literally “falling star”).

clq

shooting star: a meteor, especially a streak of light in the night sky, caused by a meteoroid burning up as it enters the Earth’s atmosphere.


narkose

From Dutch narcose, from French narcose.

Dalam stadium narkose, dilakukan insisi bidang horizontal 2 jari di bawah pusat panjang 5 cm.

In narcosis stage, incision performed on 2 fingers below the navel with length of 5 cm.

(medicine) narcosis: unconsciousness caused by a drug, anaesthetic or other chemical substance.


laundri

laundry shop (non self-service laundry facility)

That which needs to be, is being, or has been laundered in laundry shop


kusir

From Dutch koetsier, from German Kutschier, variant of Kutscher.

Sebab pesertanya ada tukang sayur, tukang ikan, tukang grabah, kusir sado, tukang tani, tukang kain, pegawai, pejabat, mantri pengairan, mantri hewan, mantri kesehatan, juru rawat, mandor jalan, juru tulis, juru ukur, juru telepon, entah apa lagi.2009, Her Suganda, Rengasdengklok: Revolusi dan Peristiwa 16 Agustus 1945, Penerbit Buku Kompas, page 56.

Because the participants were vegetable sellers, fishmongers, pottery sellers, coachmen, agricultural workers, seamstresses, employees, officials, irrigation officers, veterinary assistants, healthcare workers, nurses, road foremen, clerks, surveyors, telephone operators, who knows what else.


relikui

From Dutch relikwie, from Old French, from Latin reliquiae (“remains, relics”), from relinquō (“I leave behind, abandon, relinquish”), from re- + linquō (“I leave, quit, forsake, depart from”).

(religion) relic: A part of the body of a saint, or an ancient religious object, kept for veneration.


juru ulas

Compound of juru (“worker; skilled man; professional”) + ulas.

com

commentator: A person who comments; especially someone who is paid to give his/her opinions in the media about current affairs, sports, etc.


komersialisme

Affixed komersial + -isme, from Dutch commercialisme.


komersialisasi

Affixed komersial + -isasi, from Dutch commercialisatie, from French commercialization.


komparasi

From Dutch comparatie, from Latin [Term?].

comparison: An evaluation of the similarities and differences of one or more things relative to some other or each other.


panitia

From Malay panitia (“committee”), from Javanese ꦥꦤꦶꦠꦾ (panitya, “committee”), from Old Javanese pa- + nīti (“correct procedure; prudence; plan of action”) + -a, from Sanskrit नीति (nīti, “leading; behavior; policy, ethics”).
* Displaced Dutch comité (“committee”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


komutasi

From Dutch commutatie, from French commutation, from Latin commūtātiōnem, accusative singular of commūtātiō.

commutation: a passing from one state to another; change; alteration; mutation.


komunikan

From Dutch communicant, from Latin cōmmunicāns.

(Catholicism) A person who receives (or is allowed to receive the elements (i.e., bread and wine) of) the sacrament of Holy Communion.

addressee: A person or entity to whom discourse is directed, or the words referring to such an entity.


kompartemen

Displaced earlier kompartimen, from Dutch compartiment, from Middle French compartiment, from Italian compartimento, from Late Latin compartiri (“to divide with, to share with”), from com- + partiri (“to apportion, to divide, to share”).
* Displacement was influenced by Malay kompartmen and English compartment.


konkurensi

From Dutch concurrentie, from Middle French concurrence.
* The computer science sense of concurrency is a semantic loan from English concurrency.

(computer science) concurrency: A property of systems where several processes execute at the same time.


konfiskasi

From Dutch confiscatie, from Middle Dutch confiscatie, from Middle French confiscation.


kondensasi

From Dutch condensatie, from Latin condēnsātiō.

(thermodynamics) the conversion of a gas to a liquid.

condensation:
the conversion of a gas to a liquid.

(psychology) when a single idea (an image, memory, or thought) or dream object stands for several associations and ideas.


konfederasi

From Dutch confederatie, from French confédération, from Middle French [Term?], from Latin cōnfoederātiō.

(politics) confederation: a union or alliance of (largely) independent sovereign states or political organizations.


konkuren

From Dutch concurrent, from Middle French concurrent (Modern Dutch concurrent), from Old French concurrent, from Latin concurrēns, present active participle of concurrō (“happen at the same time”), from con- (“with”) + currō (“run”).


konifera

From Latin cōnifer (“bearing cones”), from cōnus (“cone”) + ferō (“to bear”).

(botany) conifer: A plant belonging to the order Coniferales; a cone-bearing seed plant with vascular tissue, usually a tree.


konjugasi

From Dutch conjugatie, from Latin coniugātiō (“combining, connecting; conjugation”), from coniugō (“join, unite together”).

(biology) The temporary fusion of organisms, especially as part of sexual reproduction.

(linguistics, grammar) The act of conjugating a verb.

conjugation:
The act of conjugating a verb.

(biochemistry) Covalently linking a biomolecule with another molecule.


konotasi

From Dutch connotatie, from Medieval Latin connotātiō, from connotō (“I mark in addition”), from Latin con- (“together, with”) + noto (“I note”).

(semantics) connotation: A meaning of a word or phrase that is suggested or implied, as opposed to a denotation, or literal meaning. A characteristic of words or phrases, or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in.


konjungsi

From Dutch conjunctie, from Old French conjonction, from Latin coniūnctiō (“joining”), from coniungere (“to join”).

(astronomy) The alignment of two bodies in the solar system such that they have the same longitude when seen from Earth.

(grammar) A word used to join other words or phrases together into sentences. The specific conjunction used shows how the two joined parts are related.

(logic) The proposition resulting from the combination of two or more propositions using the ∧ operator.


konstan

From Dutch constant, from Middle French constant, from Latin cōnstāns.

constant: That which is permanent or invariable.


konsekrasi

From Dutch consecratie, from Latin cōnsecrātiō.


kontraprestasi

Affixed kontra- + prestasi, from Dutch contraprestatie.


konstipasi

From Dutch constipatie, from French constipation, from Latin constīpātiō.


kontraspionase

Affixed kontra- + spionase, from Dutch contraspionage.


kontemplasi

From Dutch contemplatie, from French contemplation, from Old French contemplation, from Latin contemplātiō.


kontra revolusi

Affixed kontra- + revolusi, from Dutch contrarevolutie.

counterrevolution: a revolution aiming to reverse the political or social changes instigated by a previous revolution.


konsumen

From Dutch consument, from Latin cōnsūmēns.


korek api

match: A device made of wood or paper, at the tip coated with chemicals that ignite with the friction of being dragged (struck) against a rough dry surface.


kopulasi

From Dutch copulatie, from Middle Dutch copulacie, from Middle French copulation, from Latin cōpulātiō.


konvulsi

From Dutch convulsie, from French convulsion, from Latin convulsiō, convulsiōnem.


konvergensi

Affixed konvergen + -si, from Dutch convergentie (“convergence”), from Latin convergentia.


konversasi

From Dutch conversatie, from Middle Dutch conversatie, from Old French conversation, from Latin conversātiō.


produktivitas

From produktif + -itas, displaced the older produktivitet, a loan word from Dutch productiviteit.

productivity (state of being productive)

productivity (rate at which goods or services are produced by a standard population of workers)

productivity (rate at which crops are grown on a standard area of land)

(linguistics) productivity (ability to form new words using established patterns and discrete linguistic elements)


korosi

From Dutch corrosie f (“corrosion”), from Old French corrosion, or its source, Late Latin corrōsiōnem, accusative singular of corrōsiō (“gnawing away, corroding”), from Latin corrōdō (“gnaw away, corrode”).

The act of corroding or the condition so produced.

corrosion:
A substance (such as rust) so formed.

(chemistry) erosion by chemical action, especially oxidation.


minyak rambut

Compound of minyak (“oil”) + rambut (“hair”).


korespondensi

From Dutch correspondentie, from Latin correspondentia.


kreolin

kréolin (canonical)
kreolin-kreolin (plural)


kupir

From Dutch coupeur, from French coupeur.


korelasi

Affixed ko- + relasi, from Dutch correlatie, from French corrélation, from Latin correlātiō.

A reciprocal, parallel or complementary relationship between two or more comparable objects.

(statistics) One of the several measures of the linear statistical relationship between two random variables, indicating both the strength and direction of the relationship.


kasmutik

From Dutch cosmetiek, from French cosmétique, from Ancient Greek κοσμητική (kosmētikḗ, “the art of dress and ornament”), κοσμητικός (kosmētikós), from κοσμητής (kosmētḗs, “orderer, director, decorator”), from κοσμέω (kosméō, “to order, to arrange, to rule, to adorn, to equip, to dress, to embellish”). Doublet of kosmetik.


kosmetik

kosmètik (canonical)
kosmetik-kosmetik (plural)

From Dutch cosmetiek, from French cosmétique, from Ancient Greek κοσμητική (kosmētikḗ, “the art of dress and ornament”), κοσμητικός (kosmētikós), from κοσμητής (kosmētḗs, “orderer, director, decorator”), from κοσμέω (kosméō, “to order, to arrange, to rule, to adorn, to equip, to dress, to embellish”).


konstelasi

From Dutch constellatie, from French constellation, from Latin cōnstēllātiō, from con- (“together”) + stēllātus (“starred”), from stēlla (“star, astral body”).

(astronomy) An asterism, an arbitrary formation of stars perceived as a figure or pattern, or a division of the sky including it, especially one officially recognised by astronomers.


korsase

korsasê (canonical)
korsasé (canonical)
korsase-korsase (plural)

From Dutch corsage, from French corsage.

corsage: A small bouquet of flowers, originally worn attached to the bodice of a woman's dress.


konvertibel

From Dutch convertibel, from English convertible, from Old French convertible, from Late Latin convertibilis (“interchangeable”), from Latin convertere (“to turn back, to turn over, to turn around, to turn upside down”), from con- (“with, together”) + vertere (“to turn”), + -ibilis (“-ible: able to”).

cabriolet, convertible (car with a convertible top)


kumulasi

From Dutch cumulatie, from Latin cumulatus.


koresponden

From Dutch correspondent, from Middle French correspondant, correspondent, from Latin correspondens.


kuretase

From Dutch curettage, from French curetage.

(surgery, obstetrics) curettage: The removal of unwanted tissue from a body cavity using a curette.


kumulus

(meteorology) cumulus: A large white puffy cloud that develops through convection. On a hot, humid day, they can form towers and even become cumulonimbus clouds.


siklotron

From Dutch cyclotron, from English cyclotron.


sinisme

From Dutch cynisme, from French cynisme or Latin cynismus, from Ancient Greek κυνισμός (kunismós).


sibernetika

From Dutch cybernetica, from English cybernetics, possibly based on 1830s French cybernétique (“the art of governing”), from Ancient Greek κυβερνητικός (kubernētikós, “good at steering, good pilot”), from κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot”).

κυβερνητικός


daktilografi

From Dutch dactylografie f, from French [Term?].


konseling

konsêling (canonical)
konseling-konseling (plural)

→ Tetum: konseling

From Dutch counseling, from English counselling.

counselling, counseling: assistance (especially from a professional) in the resolution of personal difficulties.


dekadensi

dèkadènsi (canonical)
dekadensi-dekadensi (plural)

From Dutch decadentie, from French décadence, from Medieval Latin or Late Latin decadentia, from decadēns.

decadence, decadency: a state of moral or artistic decline or deterioration.


dekanat

From Dutch decanaat and dekenaat, from Medieval Latin decānātus, from Latin decānus.

(education, Christianity) The position held by a dean.

(Christianity) decanate: The group of parishes for which a rural dean has responsibility.


desigram

Affixed desi- + gram, from Dutch decigram, from French décigramme.


nasi padang

Minangkabau-style steamed rice with various meat and vegetable dishes


mie goreng

Nonstandard spelling of mi goreng (“fried noodles”).


deklamasi

déklamasi (canonical)
deklamasi-deklamasi (plural)

From Dutch declamatie, from French déclamation, from Latin dēclāmātiō, dēclāmātiōnem, from dēclāmō, dēclāmāre.


deklinasi

déklinasi (canonical)
deklinasi-deklinasi (plural)

From Dutch declinatie, from Middle Dutch declinacie, from Latin dēclīnātiō.

(astronomy) one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system

(geography, physics) the angle between magnetic north and true north; the angle between the line connecting this point with the geographical center of the earth and the equatorial plane.

(grammar) declension: the act of declining a word; the act of listing the inflections of a noun, pronoun or adjective in order.


ekstasi

ékstasi (canonical)
ekstasi-ekstasi (plural)

From English ecstasy. Doublet of ekstase.

Dia adalah seorang bandar ekstasi.


dekonstruksi

From Dutch deconstructie. By surface analysis, de- + konstruksi.

(philosophy, literature) A philosophical theory of textual criticism; a form of critical analysis that emphasizes inquiry into the variable projection of the meaning and message of critical works, the meaning in relation to the reader and the intended audience, and the assumptions implicit in the embodied forms of expression.

The destroying or taking apart of an object; disassembly.


biskuit

From Dutch biscuit (“biscuit, cookie”), from French biscuit (“biscuit, cookie”), from Old French bescuit, from bescuire, equivalent to bis- + cuit, or from Medieval Latin biscoctus, from Latin bis (“twice”) coctus (“cooked”). Doublet of beskit.


krisopras

Borrowed from Dutch chrysopraas, from Latin chrysoprassus, from Ancient Greek χρυσόπρασος (khrusóprasos).


kriptografi

From Dutch cryptografie, from French cryptographie.


betonase

From French bétonnage (“concrete work; urbanisation”).


kernet

kêrnèt (canonical)
kernet-kernet (plural)

From Dutch kornet (“cornet (military officer)”), from French cornette, diminutive of corne, from Latin cornua (“horns”).

bor

conductor, a person who takes tickets on public transportation and also helps passengers.


ambin

From Malay ambin, from Classical Malay امبين (ambin), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabin (“hold or carry under arm”).
* For sense of cow fabric in cow race, semantic loan from Mandar [Term?].

inh

strap-support, a scarf to support a child borne on the back.


rebung

rêbung (canonical)
rebung-rebung (plural)

From Malay rebung, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *rəbuŋ.


FV

(education) Initialism of fakultas vokasi.


deeskalasi

dééskalasi (canonical)
deeskalasi-deeskalasi (plural)

Affixed de- + eskalasi, from Dutch de-escalatie.

de-escalation: A decrease in scope, extension or severity.


defek

From Dutch defect, from Latin dēfectus, dēfectum.


ofensif

ofénsif (canonical)
ofensif-ofensif (plural)

From Dutch offensief, from French offensif, from Latin offensīvus.


pebinor

blend of perebut (“snatcher”) + bini orang (“other men's wive”) after pelakor.

blend

Coordinate term: pelakor

(colloquial) other man: a man who has a romantic or sexual relationship with a married woman


chindo

From English Chindo, a blend of Chinese + Indonesian. See also English Chinoy, Tagalog Tsinoy.


bauwarna

Compound of bahu + warna, borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦲꦸꦮꦂꦤ (bauwarna, “encyclopedia”).


soal sering ditanya

id-noun

soal sering ditanya (plural soal-soal sering ditanya)

soal (“problem, a question to be answered”) + sering (“often”) + ditanya (“asked”). Coined by Pusat Bahasa.


tanya dan jawab

id-noun

tanya dan jawab (plural tanya-tanya dan jawab)

Alternative form of tanya jawab (“Q and A”)


tanya jawab umum

tanya jawab umum (plural tanya-tanya jawab umum)

tanya (“question”) + jawab (“answer”) + umum (“common, general”).


perang saudara

id-noun

perang saudara (plural perang-perang saudara)

perang (“war”) + saudara (“sibling”), from Malay perang saudara.


bahan bakar nabati

bahan bakar (“fuel”) + nabati (“vegetable”), literally “vegetable fuel”.


bahan bakar hayati

Compound of bahan bakar (“fuel”) + hayati (“bio-”), calque of English biofuel.


koyan

A former unit of weight equivalent to around 27 to 40 piculs


nabatah

From Arabic نَبَاتَات (nabātāt), plural of نَبَات (nabāt).


selawat

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic صَلَوَات (ṣalawāt), plural of صَلَاة (ṣalāh, “salat, prayer”), from Classical Syriac ܨܠܘܬܐ (ṣəlōṯāʾ, “prayer”).


Wraspati

From Balinese ᬯᬺᬲ᭄ᬧᬢᬶ (wrespati, “Thursday”), from Old Javanese wṛhaspati, from Sanskrit बृहस्पति (bṛhaspati). Cognate of Javanese ꦉꦱ꧀ꦥꦠꦶ (respati).


bangke

bangké (canonical)
bangke-bangke (plural)

alternative spelling of bangkai (“carcass, the body of a dead animal”).


adiksimba

Acronym of apa, di mana, kapan, siapa, mengapa, dan bagaimana (“5W1H”).


aeropolis

aéropolis (canonical)
aeropolis-aeropolis (plural)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀέρος (aéros, “air; wind”) + πόλις (pólis, “fortified town; city state”).

com

airport-related transit-oriented urban development.


ebi furai

From Japanese エビフライ (ebifurai), from ebi (“shrimp”) + fry.

(cooking) fried shrimp, specifically breaded and deep-fried prawn dish, of darker and crunchy texture.


adiaksa

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese adhyakṣa, from Sanskrit अध्यक्ष (adhyakṣa, “inspector, chairperson”). Doublet of jaksa.


absorpsi air

Compound of absorpsi + air, perhaps an calque of English water absorption.

water absorption (the amount of water absorbed by a material)


tarekat

tarèkat (canonical)
tarekat-tarekat (plural)

Inherited from Malay tarékat, from Arabic طَرِيقَة (ṭarīqa).

(Islam) tariqa, religious brotherhood, dervish order.

(Catholicism) synonym of ordo (“order”).


air gedang

air gêdang (canonical)
air-air gedang (plural)


kue akar kelapa

Compound of kue (“cookies”) + akar (“root”) + kelapa (“coconut”), literally “coconut root-shaped cookies”.


lengkung insang

id-noun

lengkung insang (plural lengkung-lengkung insang)

lengkung + insang (“gill”), Calque of Latin arcus branchialis.


tutup insang

tutup insang (plural tutup-tutup insang)

tutup (“cover”) + insang (“gill”). Calque of English gill cover.


jaringan dasar

jaringan dasar (plural jaringan-jaringan dasar)

Compound of jaringan (“tissue”) + dasar, calque of English ground tissue.


dinding sel

dinding sel (plural dinding-dinding sel)


rongga sel

(cytology) Synonym of vakuola (“vacuole”)


senapan mesin

senapan mesin (plural senapan-senapan mesin)


aluk todolo

From Toraja-Sa'dan [Term?] (literally “the ancestor way”).


lidah buaya

Compound of lidah (“tongue”) + buaya (“crocodile”), from Malay lidah buaya.


ambideksteritas

ambidèkstèritas (canonical)
ambideksteritas-ambideksteritas (plural)


ambu handap

Compound of ambu + andap, from Sundanese [Term?].

the supernatural (spirit) realm in Baduy.


anggur merah

id-noun

anggur merah (plural anggur-anggur merah)

Compound of anggur (“wine”) + merah (“red”).


amini siali

brother (male) of the same age in the same family.


aluakas

(zoology) Helmeted friarbird (Philemon buceroides).


globalisme

Affixed global + -isme, from English globalism. Compare French globalisme.


ancruk

(dialect) Asian palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus).


pembatasan wilayah

region restriction (online streaming, etc)


latuh

From Malay latuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *latuq. Compare Cebuano lato and Tagalog lato.


semak

Inherited from Malay semak (“bush”), from metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *samək (“dense undergrowth”).


sosok

shape, appearance, (shape of the) body, figure, build, stature


papatong

From Sundanese ᮕᮕᮒᮧᮀ (papatong). Cognate of Malay pepatung.


konjungtiva

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin conjūnctīva (“serving to connect, connective”, feminine), ellipsis of membrāna conjūnctīva (“conjunctive membrane”).

ellipsis

(anatomy) conjunctiva: a clear mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and the exposed surface of the eyeball or sclera.


kuas

Borrowed from Dutch kwast, from Middle Dutch quast, from Old Dutch *kwast, from Proto-Germanic *kwastuz. Compare with Afrikaans kwas.


kuas

From Dutch kwast, from British English squash.

squash: lemonade or another citrus-based beverage; a drink made of lemon juice, water and optionally sugar.


bilier

From Dutch biliair, from French biliaire.


biliun

From Dutch biljoen, from Middle French billion.


kolektivitas

kolèktivitas (canonical)
kolektivitas-kolektivitas (plural)


deduksi

déduksi (canonical)
deduksi-deduksi (plural)

→ Malay: deduksi

Affixed de- + *duksi, from Dutch deductie, from Middle Dutch deductie, from Latin dēductiō.

that which is deducted; that which is subtracted or removed

(logic) a process of reasoning that moves from the general to the specific, in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the premises presented, so that the conclusion cannot be false if the premises are true.


langkah tegap

Compound of langkah (“step”) + tegap (“firm”), calque from Mandarin 正步 (zhèngbù, literally “straight march, upright march”).


tegap

dorab wolf-herring (Chirocentrus dorab).


kontrak berjangka

id-noun

kontrak berjangka (plural kontrak-kontrak berjangka)

Compound of kontrak (“contract”) + berjangka, calque of Dutch termijncontract.

(finance) futures contract: a standardized contract, traded on a futures exchange, to buy or sell a standardized quantity of a specified commodity (or financial instrument) of standardized quality at a certain date in the future, at a stated price (the futures price).


jam terbang

Compound of jam (“hour”) + terbang (“flight”), calque of English flight hours.

(aviation) flight hours: total amount of time spent piloting aircraft, and serves as the primary measure of a pilot's experience.

(in extension) practice hours, hours of practice.


terowongan

têrowongan (canonical)
terowongan-terowongan (plural)


resam

Inherited from Malay resam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀsam.

Old World forked fern, Gleichenia linearis


resam

Inherited from Malay resam, from Arabic رَسْم (rasm, “tradition, custom”). Doublet of rasmi and resmi.


pemerintah daerah

Compound of pemerintah (“government”) + daerah (“regional, local”).

com

(politics, government) local government.


keadilan sosial

Compound of keadilan (“justice”) + sosial (“social”).


persatuan

pêrsatuan (canonical)
persatuan-persatuan (plural)

Affixed satu + per- -an. Translation of Japanese 団結(だんけつ) (danketsu, “unity”), see danketu.


permusyawarahan

pêrmusyawarahan (canonical)
permusyawarahan-permusyawarahan (plural)

Affixed musyawarah + per- -an. The term permoesjawaratan was translation of Japanese 会議(かいぎ) (kaigi, “meeting; conference; session; assembly; council; convention; congress”).

ja-r

the act of musyawarah (“consultation; deliberation”)


musyawarah

Borrowed from Arabic مُشَاوَرَة (mušāwara, “consultation; deliberation; conference”). Compare Malay مشوارت (mesyuarat) and Malay masoewarat (“conference”).

cog

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">mesyuarat</i>


kebijaksanaan

kêbijaksanaan (canonical)
kebijaksanaan-kebijaksanaan (plural)

Affixed bijaksana + ke- -an, from Malay kebijaksanaan.
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦮꦶꦕꦏ꧀ꦱꦤ (wicaksana) for the sense of policy, introduced in The Speech of President Sukarno, 28 December 1964 and reached the peak during the Suharto administration.


perobatan

Affixed obat + per- -an, inherited from Malay perubatan (“medicine”).

inh+

medicine, treatment: the use of a substance


perwakilan

pêrwakilan (canonical)
perwakilan-perwakilan (plural)

Affixed wakil + per- -an. Compare Minangkabau parwakilan.

representation:
that which represents something else.

representation:
the act of representing.

someone who represents others as a member of a legislative or governing body.

a company agent who visits potential purchasers.


abilah

From Malay abilah, from Classical Malay ابيله (abilah), perhaps from Persian ابلة (“sin, crime”).


abilah peringgi

id-noun

abilah peringgi (plural abilah-abilah peringgi)

Compound of abilah + peringgi, from Malay abilah peringgi, from Classical Malay ابيله ڤريڠڬي (abilah peringgi), probably from Persian [Term?].

inh

ابيله ڤريڠڬي


anjiman

From Malay anjiman, from Classical Malay انجيمن (anjiman), from Persian انجمن (anjoman, “association”).


alwah

Inherited from Malay alwah, from Classical Malay الوه (alwa), from Arabic أَلْوَة (ʔalwa, “aloe”). Compare to Armenian հալվե (halve, “aloe; agarwood”)}


panitia kerja

Compound of panitia (“committee”) + kerja (“working”, literally “work”).

com

special committee, working committee, select committee, or ad hoc committee: established committee to accomplish a particular task or to oversee a specific area in need of control or oversight.


bozah

(cooking) boza: a fermented drink made from wheat or millet.


balur

From Malay balur, from Persian بلور (ballur, “crystal; beryl”).


balur

From Malay balur, probably as extension to Etymology 1.

jerky: lean meat cured and preserved by cutting into thin strips and air-drying in the sun.


balur

From Javanese ꦧꦭꦸꦂ, ꦧꦼꦭꦸꦂ (balur, belur, “black-and-blue”) (compare Javanese ꦮꦼꦭꦸꦂ (welur, “row”)), from Old Javanese wĕlur (“thick stream”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qaluʀ, from the root *-luʀ. Doublet of alur.

bor

bruise: A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.


handasah

From Malay handasah, from Arabic هَنْدَسَة (handasa, “geometry”).


sadir

From Malay sadir, via Arabic نُشَادِر (nušādir) or directly from Persian نشادر (nošâdor, nešâdor, nošâder, nešâder).


kahrab

From Malay kahrab, from Classical Persian کهربا (kahrubā, “amber”).


panja

From Malay panja, from Classical Persian پنجه (panja, “paw”).


parwa

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese parwa (“part (book) of the Mahābhārata epic”, literally “half”), from Sanskrit पर्व (parva), पर्वन् (parvan, “division, section”). Doublet of paruh.


kulah

From Malay kolah, from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “jug, jar, pitcher”), from Aramaic קוּלְתָא (qulləṯā).


kulah

From Malay kulah, from Classical Persian کلاه (kulāh, “hat, cap; head-gear; crown”).


kobak

From Betawi [Term?], from Sundanese [Term?], from Portuguese [Term?].

gambling game in which money is thrown into a small hole in the ground.


kebuli

kêbuli (canonical)
kebuli-kebuli (plural)

From Malay kabuli, kebuli, from Classical Malay کبولي (kabuli), کبولي (kebuli), from Arabic كَابُلِيّ (kābuliyy), from Persian کابلی (kâboli).

(cooking) rice cooked in goat meat broth, goat milk, and clarified butter, influenced especially by Yemeni Arab (mandi rice or kabsa), Indian (biryani rice), and Afghan (kabuli palaw)


barid

From Malay barid, from Arabic بَرِيد (barīd, “post, messenger”), from Byzantine Greek βέρηδος (bérēdos), βέρεδος (béredos, “post-horse”), from Latin verēdus.


andilau

From Minangkabau andilau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanilaw. Doublet of nilau.


lajak

From Malay lajak, from Classical Persian لچک (lačak).


nilau

From Malay nilau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanilaw. Doublet of andilau.


gulud

From Javanese ꦒꦸꦭꦸꦢ꧀ (gulud, “seedbed”).


bustan

From Malay bustan, via Arabic بُسْتَان (bustān, “garden, orchard”) or directly from Classical Persian بوستان (bōstān, “garden”).


nalam

From Persian نالان (nâlân, “lamentation”).


nafiri

From Classical Persian نفیری (nafīrī, “trumpet”).


mizab

From Arabic مِيزَاب (mīzāb), مِرْزَاب (mirzāb) from Aramaic מַרְזְבָא (marzəḇā), מִרְזְבָא (mirzəḇā, “gutter, spout, water-pipe”), from earlier Aramaic נַרְזְבָא (narzəḇā, “drain pipe, gutter”), considered a variant of Akkadian 𒄿𒍝𒁉 (naṣṣabū, “water outlet, drain”).


majusi

From Arabic مَجُوسِيّ (majūsiyy, “of or related to Zoroastrians”), مَجُوس (majūs, “Magians, Zoroastrians”), from Aramaic 𐡌𐡂𐡅𐡔 (mgwš), from Old Persian 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 (maguš).


tarkas

From Malay tarkas, from Persian ترکش (tarkaš, “quiver”).

quiver: A container for arrows, crossbow bolts or darts, such as those fired from a bow, crossbow or blowgun.


darji

From Malay derji, from Persian درزی (darzi, “tailor”).


tanggah

From Malay tanggah, from Persian تنگه (tenge, “tenge, a piece of gold or silver”), from Old Turkic teg (“as, as much as, equal”), teŋ (“equivalent, balanced”), teŋe- (“compare, measure”). Doublet of tenge.


dayah

From Malay dayah, from Persian دایه (dâya, “nurse, foster-mother; midwife”).


dayah

From Arabic زَاوِيَة (zāwiya, “corner”). The recitations at the time of the Prophet were carried out in the corners of the mosque.

Islamic religious education institution (Aceh)


ketan

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦼꦠꦤ꧀ (ketan, “glutinous rice”), from Old Javanese kĕtan (“glutinous rice”).


ketan

(education) Acronym of ketua angkatan (“head of class”).


piadah

From Malay piadah, from Persian پیاده (piyâde, “pawn (chess)”), from Middle Persian pdʾtk' (payādag). Doublet of bidak.


cunia

Possibly from Hokkien 船仔 (chûn-iá, “small boat”), with an obsolete form of the suffix.

(dialectal) boat (a rather large canoe made of wood, used to transport goods)

University of Santo Tomas#Libraries and archives


darwis

From Malay darwis, from Persian درویش (darviš), from Middle Persian dlgwš (driyōš, “poor, needy”).

der

(Islam) Dervish (a member of a Sufi Muslim ascetic fraternity of mendicant friars)


tanggalan

Affixed tanggal + -an, from Javanese ꦠꦁꦒꦭꦤ꧀ (tanggalan, “calendar”).


takwim

From Malay takwim, from Arabic تَقْوِيم (taqwīm, “calendar”).

calendar: a means to determine the date consisting of a document containing dates and other temporal information.


penanggalan

pênanggalan (canonical)
penanggalan-penanggalan (plural)

Affixed tanggal + peng- -an.
* Inherited from Malay penanggalan (“removal; a kind of ghost”)
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦥꦤꦁꦒꦭꦤ꧀ (pananggalan, “calendar, almanac”).

sl

stripping, removal, renouncement, dismantling


penanggalan

penanggalan radiokarbon

dating (setting of a date; process of estimating the age of something)


gorengan

gorèngan (canonical)
gorengan-gorengan (plural)

fritters, fried food: that which is fried (typically of street food; not e.g. fried rice etc.)


hari libur

Hari libur adalah hari yang memang sudah ditetapkan agar semua perusahaan dan instansi meliburkan karyawannya.

Holidays are days that have been set so that all companies and agencies take their employees off.

holiday: a day declared free from work by the state or government.


lubuk

From Malay lubuk, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Chamic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Chamic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lubuk, from Proto-Austronesian *lubuk.


uang kecil

Compound of uang (“money”) + kecil (“small, little”).


hujan lebat

Compound of hujan + lebat, inherited from Malay hujan lebat.


wakil presiden

id-noun

wakil presiden (plural wakil-wakil presiden)

Compound of wakil (“vice”) + presiden (“president”).

Presiden Soekarno disambut kedatangannja di Amerika oleh Menteri Luar-negeri John Foster Dulles (kiri) dan Wakil Presiden Amerika Serikat, Richard M. Nixon.

President Sukarno were welcomed in America by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles (left) and Vice President Richard M. Nixon.


titah

Inherited from Malay titah. Compare Javanese ꦠꦶꦠꦃ (titah, “pronouncement, order; destiny; creation; creature”).


keprabuan

kêprabuan (canonical)
keprabuan-keprabuan (plural)

Affixed prabu + ke- -an, from Javanese ꦏꦥꦿꦧꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kaprabon, “kingship”)


awur

From Malay awur. Doublet of tabur and tawur.


daerah otonom

id-noun

daerah otonom (plural daerah-daerah otonom)

Compound of daerah (“area”) + otonom (“autonomous”).


daerah swatantra

daerah swatantra (plural daerah-daerah swatantra)

Compound of daerah (“area”) + swatantra (“autonomous”).


tawur

From Javanese ꦠꦮꦸꦂ (tawur, “gang fight; sacrifice”), from Old Javanese tawur, tahur (“offering, sacrifice”).
* The ceremony equipment sense is a semantic loan from Sundanese ᮒᮝᮥᮁ (tawur).

sl

wet kawung leaves are arranged and pierced with a stick for the Ngalaksa traditional ceremony equipment


tawur

From Sundanese ᮒᮝᮥᮁ (tawur), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tabuR (“strew”), *-buR (“strew, sow; sprinkle”). Doublet of awur and tabur.


feses

From Dutch faeces, from Latin faecēs, nominative plural of faex (“residue, dregs”).


semang

From Malay semang, from Proto-Aslian *səmaaʔ (“human”), from Austroasiatic.


pejawat

per- + jawat. Coined by Republika in December 2015.


bendari

bêndari (canonical)
bendari-bendari (plural)

From Javanese bendara (ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦫ), from Prakrit bhaṁḍāra, bhaṁḍāāra, bhaṁḍāgāra, from Sanskrit भाण्डागार (bhāṇḍāgāra, “treasury”). Doublet of bendahara, bendahari, bendara, bendari, bendoro, and bentara.


guna-guna

From Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, literally “talent”). The word guṇya is found in Indic tribal milieux, where it is connected with sorcery. As we have seen in the case of guṇya, guṇa is commonly used as a synonym of “supernatural powers” (siddhi) in both Sanskrit and Old Javanese sources.

love potion, philter, or any periapt used to induce romantic attraction

(by extension) a charm or mantra; utilized to tempt, allure, or imbue someone or something with enchantment


bendahari

bêndahari (canonical)
bendahari-bendahari (plural)

From Malay bendahari, from Hindi भंडार (bhaṇḍār), भंडारा (bhaṇḍārā), or another New Indo-Aryan language, from Prakrit bhaṁḍāāra, bhaṁḍāgāra, from Sanskrit भाण्डागार (bhāṇḍāgāra, “treasury”), from भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + आगार (āgāra). Doublet of bendahara, bendahari, bendara, bendari, bendoro, and bentara.

compound

भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + आगार (āgāra)


massa jenis

Compound of massa (“mass”) + jenis (“quality”), compare translingual 密度.

(physics) density: a measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume.


pengusaha

pêngusaha (canonical)
pengusaha-pengusaha (plural)


kesempatan

A chance for advancement, progress or profit.

opportunity
A favorable circumstance or occasion.


kebutuhan

Affixed butuh + ke- -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦧꦸꦠꦸꦲꦤ꧀ (kabutuhan, “need”).


pikiran

(countable) Representation created in the mind without the use of one's faculties of vision, sound, smell, touch, or taste; an instance of thinking.

(uncountable) A way of thinking (associated with a group, nation or region).


pandangan

sight (perception of objects by the eye)

view (a way of understanding something, an opinion, a theory)

(uncommon) knowledge (the fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc.)


perumahan

(uncountable) housing (residences, collectively)


es batu

Compound of es (“ice”) + batu (“stone”), probably calque from Chinese 冰塊／冰块 (bīngkuài).


penangkal petir

id-noun

penangkal petir (plural penangkal-penangkal petir)

Compound of penangkal (“repulsion, deterrent”) + petir (“lightning”). Compare to Chinese 避雷 (bìléi) or Japanese 避雷(ひらい) (hirai).

com

lightning rod, lightning conductor: a metallic conductor that is attached to a high point of a building and leads to the ground to protect the building from damage by lightning.


obstetri

From Dutch obstetrie, from Latin obstetricius (“belonging to a midwife”), from obstetrīx (“midwife”).


pengakuan iman

id-noun

pengakuan iman (plural pengakuan-pengakuan iman)

Compound of pengakuan (“confession”) + iman (“faith”), calque of Dutch geloofsovertuiging (“creed”, literally “faith confession”).


dampak

Inherited from Malay dampak (“collision”). Semantic loan from English impact for sense impact.


pecut

Inherited from Malay pecut (“to whip up”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pecut. Cognate with Kimaragang posut, Javanese pecut, and Sundanese pecut.


seperempat

(music) crotchet, quarter note: a musical note one beat long in 4/4 time.


pengaruh

Ultimately derived from Javanese ꦥꦔꦫꦸꦃ (pangaruh). Equivalent to peng- + aruh.

the power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone; the ability to change the development of fluctuating things such as conduct, thoughts or decisions

an action exerted by a person or thing with such power on another to cause change


pemuda

id-noun

para pemuda, pemuda-pemudi, pemuda-pemuda


pemandangan

Pemandangan di pantai ini indah!

view (something to look at, such as scenery)

(rare) description (a sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or representation in language)


ketidakadilan

Affixed tidak adil (“injust”) + ke- -an.


berkeberatan

to object, to disagree with or to oppose


ketidaksenangan

Affixed tidak senang (“unhappy”) + ke- -an.


ketidakpuasan

Affixed tidak puas (“dissatisfy”) + ke- -an.


keberatan

kêbêratan (canonical)
keberatan-keberatan (plural)

Affixed berat (“heavy; hard, difficult”) + ke- -an, calque of Dutch bezwaar (“objection”, literally “difficulty, obstacle”).


penerbit

pênêrbit (canonical)
penerbit-penerbit (plural)

Affixed peng- + terbit, from Malay penerbit.


laporan keuangan

id-noun

laporan keuangan (plural laporan-laporan keuangan)

Compound of laporan (“report”) + keuangan (“finance”), calque of Dutch financieel (jaar)verslag (“(annual) financial statement”, literally “(annual) financial report”).

clq

(accounting, business) financial statement.


distribusi

From Dutch distributie (“distribution”).

an act of distributing or state of being distributed.

distribution:
anything distributed; portion; share.

the result of distributing; arrangement.

(business, economics, marketing) the process by which goods get to final consumers over a geographical market, including storing, selling, shipping and advertising.

(mathematics) generalized functions used to formulate solutions of partial differential equations.

probability distribution
probability distribution

(statistics) probability distribution; the set of relative likelihoods that a variable will have a value in a given interval.

rationing: controlled distribution of scarce resources such as food or fuel; used typically in wartime.


rumah kaca

Compound rumah (“house”) + kaca (“glass”), from English glasshouse.

greenhouse: a building used to grow plants, particularly one with large glass windows or plastic sheeting to trap heat from sunlight even in intemperate seasons or climates.


mastautin

From Malay mastautin, from Arabic مُسْتَوْطِن (mustawṭin, “settler; deep-rooted; endemic”).


tempat tinggal

id-noun

têmpat tinggal (plural tempat-tempat tinggal)

têmpat tinggal (canonical)
tempat-tempat tinggal (plural)

Compound of tempat (“place”) + tinggal (“residence”), calque from Chinese 住所 (“domicile”).


dewan menteri

id-noun

dèwan mêntêri (plural dewan-dewan menteri)

dèwan mêntêri (canonical)
dewan-dewan menteri (plural)

Compound of dewan (“council”) + menteri (“minister”), calque of Dutch ministerraad (“council of ministers”).

clq

council of ministers
council of ministers

(politics, government) cabinet, council of ministers, group of ministers.


khalayak

From Malay khalayak, from Arabic خَلَائِقُ (ḵalāʔiqu, “character”).


buta huruf

Compound of (blind) buta + (letter) huruf, calque from Chinese 文盲 (“illiteracy”, literally “writing blind”) .

zh-l

illiteracy
the inability to read and write

the portion of a population unable to read and write, generally given as a percentage


kuadran

From Dutch kwadrant, from French quadrant, from Latin quadrāns (“fourth part of something, quarter”).

der

(mathematics) one of the four regions of the Cartesian plane bounded by the x-axis and y-axis.

(geometry) one fourth of a circle or disc; a sector with an angle of 90°.

(nautical) a measuring device with a graduated arc of 90° used in locating an altitude.


pembelahan

pêmbêlahan (canonical)
pembelahan-pembelahan (plural)


pembelahan sel

id-noun

pêmbêlahan sèl (plural pembelahan-pembelahan sel)

pêmbêlahan sèl (canonical)
pembelahan-pembelahan sel (plural)

Compound of pembelahan + sel, calque of Dutch celsplitsing (“cell division”, literally “cell splitting”).


kopiah

Borrowed from Arabic كُوفِيَّة (kōfiyya). Semantic loan from Dutch bivakmuts.


pengumuman

pêngumuman (canonical)
pengumuman-pengumuman (plural)

announcement
an act of announcing, or giving notice.

announcement
the content which is announced.


tabungan

piggy bank, traditionally made from bamboo

savings: something (usually money) that is saved, particularly money that has been set aside for the future.


rempah

rêmpah (canonical)
rempah-rempah (plural)

Inherited from Malay rempah, from Old Javanese rĕmpah (“a kind of dish”).


demam tifoid

Compound demam (“fever”) + tifoid (“typhoid”).


batuan beku

Compound of batuan (“rock”) + beku (“frozen”), calque of Dutch stollingsgesteente (“igneous rock”, literally “freezing rock”).


ketungging

[kəˈt̪uŋ.ɡɪŋ]

whip scorpion (any arachnids in the order Thelyphonida, which resemble scorpions and have a whip-like tail)

(dialectal, uncommon) scorpion (any of various arachnids of the order Scorpiones)


batuan

(geology) rock: any natural material with a distinctive composition of minerals.


feodalisme

Affixed feodal + -isme, from Dutch feodalisme.

(history, politics) feudalism: A social system based on personal ownership of resources and personal fealty between a suzerain (lord) and a vassal (subject).


automasi

automation (the act or process of converting the controlling of a machine or device to a more automatic system, such as computer or electronic controls)


eceran

ècèran (canonical)
eceran-eceran (plural)

(business) retail: the sale of goods directly to the consumer, encompassing the storefronts, mail-order, websites, etc., and the corporate mechanisms, branding, advertising, etc. that support them.


dekomposisi

dékomposisi (canonical)
dekomposisi-dekomposisi (plural)

Affixed de- + komposisi, from Dutch decompositie.

(biology) a biological process through which organic material is reduced to e.g. compost.

(computer science) the act of taking something apart, e.g. for analysis.

(chemistry) the splitting (of e.g. a matrix, an atom or a compound) into constituent parts.


ganjaran

Affixed ganjar + -an, from Malay ganjaran.


selebgram

(by extension) any well-known influencer or celebrity that has Instagram account


depresi

From Dutch depressie, from French dépression, from Latin dēpressiō, from dēprimō + -tiō

(economics) A period of major economic contraction.

depression:
A period of major economic contraction.

(psychology, psychiatry) A state of mind producing serious, long-term lowering of enjoyment of life or inability to visualize a happy future.

(geography) An area that is lower in topography than its surroundings.

(meteorology) An area of lowered air pressure that generally brings moist weather, sometimes promoting hurricanes and tornadoes.


ulah

Inherited from Malay ulah. Further etymology is unknown, maybe borrowed from or into Javanese ꦲꦸꦭꦃ (ulah, “way”). Doublet of olah.

(especially of something bad) manner, action, act


besi berani

From Malay besi berani. Equivalent to besi (“iron”) + berani (“brave, bold, dare”).


batu berani

From Malay batu berani. Equivalent to batu (“stone”) + berani (“brave, bold, dare”).


perundang-undangan

(law) legislation: law which has been enacted by legislature or other governing body.


kondensor

kondènsor (canonical)
kondensor-kondensor (plural)

From Dutch condensor, from French condenseur.

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering

(mechanical engineering) condenser: a device designed to condense a gas into a liquid, either as part of a still, steam engine, refrigerator or similar machine.


kaki langit

Compound of kaki (“foot”) + langit (“sky”), from Malay kaki langit. Compare to Khmer ជើងមេឃ (cəəng meik, “horizon”, literally “sky foot”).

ncog

horizon, skysill, skyline: the visible horizontal line (in all directions) where the sky appears to meet the earth in the distance.


sitoplasma

From Dutch cytoplasma, from German Cytoplasma.


populasi

From Dutch populatie, from Latin populātiō, populare (“to populate”), populus (“a people, population”).

The people living within a political or geographical boundary.

population:
The people with a given characteristic.

(biology) A collection of organisms of a particular species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area.

(statistics) A group of units (persons, objects, or other items) enumerated in a census or from which a sample is drawn.


waktu paruh

Compound of waktu (“time”) + paruh (“half”), a calque of Dutch halveringstijd (“half-life”, literally “halving time”).

clq

(physics) half-life (the time required for half the nuclei in a sample of an isotope to undergo radioactive decay)

(chemistry) half-life (the time required for concentration to fall to half)

(medicine) half-life (time for a substance to lose half of its activity)


ribosom

From Dutch ribosoom, from English ribosome.


transkripsi

From Dutch transcriptie, from Middle French transcription, from Latin transcriptiōnem, trānscrībō (“transcribe”).

transcription:
The act or process of transcribing.

(linguistics) A representation of speech sounds as phonetic symbols.

(genetics) The synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA.


nalar

From Arabic نَظَر (naẓar). Doublet of nazar.


hadirin

From Arabic حَاضِرِين (ḥāḍirīn), حَاضِر (ḥāḍir, “present, second person”). Doublet of hadir and hadirat.

der

Arabic حَاضِرِين (ḥāḍirīn)


hadirat

title of honor: Majesty, Highness, Excellency, Eminence


hadirat

From Arabic حَاضِرَات (ḥāḍirāt), حَضَرَة (ḥaḍara), حَاضِر (ḥāḍir). Doublet of hadir and hadirin.

Arabic حَاضِرَات (ḥāḍirāt)


resorpsi

résorpsi (canonical)
resorpsi-resorpsi (plural)


lafaz

From Arabic لَفْظ (lafẓ, “pronunciation”). Doublet of lafal.


akhlak

From Malay akhlak, from Classical Malay اخلاق (akhlak), from Arabic أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq), plural form of خُلُق (ḵuluq, “character; morals, morality”).

Arabic أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq)


fasakh

(Islam, law) divorce by judicial decree.


pekerti

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦏꦼꦂꦠꦶ (pakerti, “nature, character”), from Old Javanese prakṛti (“nature, character, disposition; pattern, standard, model”), from Sanskrit प्रकृति (prakṛti, “nature, character, constitution, temper, disposition”).


farsakh

From Malay farsakh, from Arabic فَرْسَخ (farsaḵ), from Northwestern Middle Iranian *frasax (“parasang”).


pemabuk

Inherited from Malay pemabuk
. Equivalent to peng- + mabuk.

drunk, drunkie, drunkard (a habitual drinker, especially one who is frequently intoxicated)


mukjizat

From Malay mukjizat, from Arabic مُعْجِزَة (muʕjiza, “miracle”).


kaldron

Borrowed from English cauldron, itself from French chaudron.


penjahat

pênjahat (canonical)
penjahat-penjahat (plural)

Affixed peng- + jahat, from Malay penjahat.


pelatih

pêlatih (canonical)
pelatih-pelatih (plural)

Affixed peng- + latih, inherited from Malay pelatih.


bawang prei

bawang (“Allium sp.”) + Dutch prei (“leek”).

Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum#Translingual

Allium porrum
Allium porrum#Translingual

leek, Allium ampeloprasum, syn. Allium porrum (stem vegetable)


juru tera

Compound of juru + tera (“stamp, seal”).

Pergilah pada juru tera, agar ia menguangkan dan menimbang dinarmu itu!

Go to the calibration technician to monetise and measure your dinar!


hasyis

Arabic حَشِيش (ḥašīš)


magfirah

From Arabic مَغْفِرَة (maḡfira, “forgiveness”).


kemih

Inherited from Malay kemih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *miqmiq.


tablig

From Malay tabligh, from Arabic تَبْلِيغ (tablīḡ), verbal noun of بَلَّغَ (ballaḡa), causative of بَلَغَ (balaḡa, “to reach, arrive”).


syukur

From Malay syukur, from Arabic شُكْر (šukr, “thankfulness, gratitude”).


syak

From Malay syak, from Arabic شَكّ (šakk, “doubt”).


hidayah

From Malay hidayah, from Arabic هِدَايَة (hidāya, “guidance”), هَدَى (hadā).


inspirasi

From Dutch inspiratie, from French inspiration, from Latin īnspīrātiō, īnspīrāre.

(physiology) the drawing of air into the lungs, accomplished in mammals by elevation of the chest walls and flattening of the diaphragm, as part of the act of respiration.

the person, object, situation, or act of an elevating or stimulating influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity.


amanah

From Malay amanah, from Classical Malay أمانه (amanah), from Arabic أَمَانَة (ʔamāna, “trust, confidentiality”). Doublet of amanat.

trust, deposit: that which is committed or entrusted


tayamum

Inherited from Malay tayamum, from Arabic تَيَمُّم (tayammum).

(Islam) tayammum: the wiping of one's face and hands against dust, sand or a clean physical object in place of wudhu for the bereft or bedridden, dry ablution.


taplak

Borrowed from Dutch tafellaken (“tablecloth”).

bor+

tablecloth (any sort of cloth used to cover the surface of a table)


bentala

From Malay bentala, from Classical Malay بنتالا (bentala), from Sanskrit भूतल (bhūtala).


iktibar

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic اِعْتِبَار (iʕtibār).


qiraah

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic قِرَاءَة (qirāʔa).

an event at which written material is read aloud.

a piece of literature or passage of scripture read aloud to an audience.


iktidal

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic اِعْتِدَال (iʕtidāl).

(Islam) position of standing upright after bowing (rukuh) and before prostrating one's self (sujud).


istigfar

From Malay istighfar, from Arabic اِسْتِغْفَار (istiḡfār).

der

اِسْتِغْفَار

Arabic اِسْتِغْفَار (istiḡfār)

(Islam) istighfar: Act of asking God for forgiveness.


nyambai

Learned borrowing from Musi nyambai, from Komering bay (“female”)

(Sekayu) traditional ceremony of Musi ethnic group (Indonesia) to propose a female


beleran

Learned borrowing from Musi beleran, from Old Javanese aleleran (“to form a convoluted mass”)


pengamanan

safing (the act of safing or making safe)

securing (the act of securing or making secure)

an organization or department responsible for providing security by enforcing laws, rules, and regulations as well as maintaining order


pengaman

From peng- + aman.
* The condom sense is comparable to English protection.

(figurative) condom (a flexible sleeve made of latex or other impermeable material such as sheepskin, worn over an erect penis during sexual intercourse as a contraceptive or as a way to prevent the spread of STIs)


mukminat

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic مُؤْمِنَات (muʔmināt), مُؤْمِن (muʔmin).


madrasah tsanawiyah

id-noun

madrasah tsanawiyah (plural madrasah-madrasah tsanawiyah)

madrasah sanawiah
madrasah sanawiah#Indonesian

(Islam, education) official spelling of madrasah sanawiah.


mukminin

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic مُؤْمِنِين (muʔminīn), مُؤْمِن (muʔmin).


makmum

From Malay makmum, from Arabic مَأْمُوْمٌ (maʔmuwmun).

(Islam) congregation, who repeats prayers after their imam.


sanawiah

From Arabic ثَانَوِيَّة (ṯānawiyya), singular feminine form of ثَانَوِيّ (ṯānawiyy, “secondary, minor”).


usali

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic أُصَلِّي (ʔuṣallī), singular first-person non-past (imperfect) indicative of صَلَّى (ṣallā).


telatah

têlatah (canonical)
telatah-telatah (plural)

mannerisms, ways, idiosyncrasies, behavior


telatah

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦼꦭꦠꦃ (telatah, “area”).


almarhum

From Malay [Term?], from Classical Malay المرحوم (almarhum), مرحوم (marhum), from Arabic مَرْحُوم (marḥūm).


muhrim

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic مُحْرِم (muḥrim).

(Islam) male who enter into the state of ritual consecration (of a pilgrim to Mecca).


ibarat

From Malay ibarat, from Arabic عِبَارَة (ʕibāra).


nasabah

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic نَسَبَ (nasaba, “to correlate”), نِسْبَة (nisba, “relationship, affiliation”).
* Displaced Dutch relatie (“relation, relationship”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


ekspansi

From Dutch expansie, from Latin expānsiō.


penjaja seks komersial

id-noun

penjaja seks komersial (plural penjaja-penjaja seks komersial)

penjaja (“seller”) + seks (“sex”) + komersial (“commercial”).

com

pekerja seks komersial
pekerja seks komersial#Indonesian


kareo padi

kareo (“Amaurornis spp.”) + padi (“paddy”).

white-breasted waterhen
white-breasted waterhen

Amaurornis phoenicurus
Amaurornis phoenicurus#Translingual

white-breasted waterhen (Amaurornis phoenicurus)


tantangan

an antagonization or instigation intended to convince a person to perform an action they otherwise would not

challenge
a confrontation; a dare
a bid to overcome something

(sports) an attempt to take possession; a tackle

challenge
a confrontation; a dare
an attempt to take possession; a tackle

a summons to fight a duel; also, the letter or message conveying the summons

a difficult task, especially one that the person making the attempt finds more enjoyable because of that difficulty


S.S.I.

Sistem Informasi
sistem informasi#Indonesian

Abbreviation of Sarjana Sistem Informasi.


reputasi

réputasi (canonical)
reputasi-reputasi (plural)

From Dutch reputatie, from French réputation, from Latin reputationem (“consideration, thinking over”).


batoe

"Tangannja satoe sender di 'batoe'"

1891, J.P. Schoemaker, Tjerita-tjerita dari negeri Atjee, G. KOLFF & Co., section 20:

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of batu.


petai

From Malay petai, from Classical Malay ڤتاي (petai).

stink bean, bitter bean (Parkia speciosa).


SBI

(education) Initialism of sekolah bertaraf internasional.


resistensi

résistènsi (canonical)
resistensi-resistensi (plural)

Internationalism, from English resistance, resistence, from Middle English resistence, from Old French resistence, from Latin resistentia.

alternative spelling of résistansi (“resistance”)


pembangkang

pêmbangkang (canonical)
pembangkang-pembangkang (plural)

Affixed peng- + bangkang, from Malay pembangkang.


ruang kelas

Compound of ruang (“room”) + kelas (“class”).


kuantum

From Dutch quantum, from Late Latin quantum, noun use of neuter form of Latin quantus (“how much”).

quantity: the total amount of something; .

(physics) the smallest possible, and therefore indivisible, unit of a given quantity or quantifiable phenomenon.


resistansi

résistansi (canonical)
resistansi-resistansi (plural)

Internationalism, affixed resistans + -si, from Dutch resistantie, from French résistance, from Latin resistentia.

electrical resistance
electrical resistance

resistance
(electricity) electrical resistance.


klasemen

klasêmén (canonical)
klasemen-klasemen (plural)

From Dutch klassement, from French classement.


tunjangan

Affixed tunjang + -an.
* Displaced Dutch toelage (“grant-in-aid, subsidy”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


raja muda

Compound of raja (“king”) + muda (“junior, young”).

viceroy: one who governs a country, province, or colony as the representative of a monarch.


sensitivitas

sènsitivitas (canonical)
sensitivitas-sensitivitas (plural)

Internationalism, affixed sensitif + -itas.

sensitiveness: the quality or state of being sensitive.


wakil mahkota

id-noun

wakil mahkota (plural wakil-wakil mahkota)

Compound of wakil (“vice”) + mahkota (“crown”), calque of Dutch vertegenwoordiger van de kroon (“representative of the crown”).


ensambel

From English ensemble, from French ensemble, from Old French ensemble, from Latin in simul. Displaced earlier form ansambel, a loanword from Dutch ensemble.

(music) ensemble: a piece for several instrumentalists or vocalists.


piama

From Dutch pyjama, from Hindi पैजामा (paijāmā), Urdu پاجامہ (pājāma), from Persian پایجامه / پاجامه (pâyjâma / pâjâma, “leg garment”), akin to پا (“leg”) + جامه (“garment”).

der

پایجامه / پاجامه


ansambel

ansambêl (canonical)
ansambel-ansambel (plural)

From Dutch ensemble, from French ensemble, from Old French ensemble, from Latin in simul. Replaced by ènsambêl, a loanword from English ensemble.

(music) alternative spelling of ènsambêl (“ensemble: a piece for several instrumentalists or vocalists”).


mahkota bunga

id-noun

mahkota bunga (plural mahkota-mahkota bunga)

Compound of mahkota (“crown”) + bunga (“flower”), calque of Dutch bloemkroon (“corona”, literally “flower crown”).


pengelasan

pêngêlasan (canonical)
pengelasan-pengelasan (plural)


pengenalan

pêngênalan (canonical)
pengenalan-pengenalan (plural)

Affixed kenal + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pengenalan.


persenyawaan

pêrsênyawaan (canonical)
persenyawaan-persenyawaan (plural)

(chemistry) compounding: the act of mixing or combining substances to make a compound.


suplai

Internationalism, from English supply, from Middle English supplien, from Old French soupleer, souploier, from Latin supplere (“to fill up, make full, complete, supply”).


reduksi

réduksi (canonical)
reduksi-reduksi (plural)

Internationalism, from Dutch reductie, from Old French reducion, from Latin reductiō, reductiōnem.

The act, process, or result of reducing.

The amount or rate by which something is reduced, e.g. in price.

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) A reaction in which electrons are gained and valence is reduced; often by the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.

(surgery) A medical procedure to restore a fracture or dislocation to the correct alignment, usually with a closed approach but sometimes with an open approach (surgery).


presentasi

présèntasi (canonical)
presentasi-presentasi (plural)

Internationalism, from Dutch presentatie, from Old French presentation (French présentation), from Latin praesentātiōnem, accusative singular of praesentātiō (“representation, exhibition”).

the act of presenting, or something presented.

(Standard Malay)

a lecture or speech given in front of an audience.

(medicine) the symptoms and other possible indications of disease, trauma, etc., that are exhibited by a patient who has sought, or has otherwise come to, the attention of a physician.

(obstetrics) the position of the foetus in the uterus at birth.


kantong empedu

id-noun

kantong empedu (plural kantong-kantong empedu)

Compound of kantong (“pocket”) + empedu (“bile”).


himpunan kosong

himpunan kosong (plural himpunan-himpunan kosong)

Compound of himpunan (“set”, literally “collection”) + kosong (“empty”).

com

(set theory) empty set, null set: The unique set that contains no elements, denoted ∅ or {}.


deselerasi

désèlêrasi (canonical)
deselerasi-deselerasi (plural)

dé‧sè‧lê‧ra‧si

Internationalism, from Dutch deceleratie.

(classical mechanics) deceleration: The amount by which a speed or velocity decreases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity).


reproduksi

réproduksi (canonical)
reproduksi-reproduksi (plural)

Internationalism, affixed re- + produk + -si, from Dutch reproductie.

(biology, formal) the act of reproducing new individuals biologically.


serbuk sari

Compound of serbuk (“powder”) + sari (“flower”), compare to Chinese 花粉 (huāfěn, “pollen”, literally “flower + dust, powder”) and Malay debunga (“pollen”, literally “dust + flower”).

ncog

(botany) pollen: A fine granular substance produced in flowers. Technically a collective term for pollen grains (microspores) produced in the anthers of flowering plants.


transparansi

Internationalism, affixed transparan + -si, borrowed from Dutch transparantie.

transparence: the quality of being transparent.

transparency:
openness; accessibility to scrutiny

a translucent film-like material with an image imprinted on it, viewable by shining light through it.


eksplorasi

èksplorasi (canonical)
eksplorasi-eksplorasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch exploratie, from French exploration.


gas mulia

Compound of gas (“gas”) + mulia (“noble”), calque of Dutch edelgas (“noble gas”).


sarden

sardèn (canonical)
sarden-sarden (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch sardien, from Middle Dutch sardeyne, sardayne, sardine, from Latin sardina.


komisi yudisial

(government) commission to "maintain the honor, dignity and behavior of judges".


ovulasi

From Dutch ovulatie, from French ovulation.

(physiology) ovulation: the release of an ovum from an ovary.


bioindikator

Internationalism, affixed bio- + indikator, borrowed from English bioindicator.


yudikatif

Internationalism, borrowed from English judicative.


juru sita

Compound of juru + sita, translation of Dutch deurwaarder.

(law) bailiff, huissier de justice: an officer of the courts responsible for executing warrants and court orders; a deputy bailiff charged with debt collection.


penghakiman

pênghakiman (canonical)
penghakiman-penghakiman (plural)


kahar

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦲꦂ (kahar), from Dutch kar (“cart”), from Middle Dutch carre, from Latin carrus or the mediaeval variant carra, from Gaulish carros.


lempung

lêmpung (canonical)
lempung-lempung (plural)

From Javanese ꦊꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦁ (lempung, “clay; constipation”), from Old Javanese lĕmpuṅ (“soft, fleshy, plump, thick”).

der

A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.

(geology) A particle less than 3.9 microns in diameter, following the Wentworth scale.


habituasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch habituatie, from Medieval Latin habituātio.

the act of habituating, or accustoming; the state of being habituated.

(psychology, psychiatry) the process of becoming accustomed to an internal or external stimulus, such as a noxious smell or loud noise.The process of becoming accustomed to an internal or external stimulus, such as a noxious smell or loud noise.


verifikasi

vèrifikasi (canonical)
verifikasi-verifikasi (plural)

→ Malay: verifikasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch verificatie.


kontestasi

kontèstasi (canonical)
kontestasi-kontestasi (plural)

Internationalism, reconstructed as kontes + -asi, borrowed from Dutch contestatie.


kontestan

kontèstan (canonical)
kontestan-kontestan (plural)

Internationalism, Dutch contestant, from French contestant, present participle of contester.


bondol cokelat

id-noun

bondol cokelat (plural bondol-bondol cokelat)

bondol (“Lonchura spp.”) + cokelat (“brown”).


degenerasi

dégénêrasi (canonical)
degenerasi-degenerasi (plural)

dé‧gé‧nê‧ra‧si

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch degeneratie, from French dégénération.


deformasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch deformatie, from Middle French deformation.


degradasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch degradatie, from French dégradation.

The act of reducing in rank, character, or reputation, or of abasing; a lowering from one's standing or rank in office or society.

(Standard Malay)

(geology) A gradual wearing down or wasting, as of rocks and banks, by the action of water, frost etc.


deflasi

déflasi (canonical)
deflasi-deflasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch deflatie, from French déflation.

(economics) A decrease in the general price level, that is, in the nominal cost of goods and services as well as wages.

deflation:
(geology) A mode of wind erosion.


peserta

pêsêrta (canonical)
peserta-peserta (plural)


dehidrasi

déhidrasi (canonical)
dehidrasi-dehidrasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch dehydratie.


perlawanan

pêrlawanan (canonical)
perlawanan-perlawanan (plural)

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


asisten ahli

id-noun

asisten ahli (plural asisten-asisten ahli)

Compound of asisten (“assistant”) + ahli (“expert”).

(education) (junior) assistant professor (academic rank)


hujan asam

Compound of hujan (“rain”) + asam (“acid”).


inti sel

Compound of inti + sel, calque of Dutch celkern (“nucleus”).

(cytology) nucleus: A large membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells which contains genetic material.


defekasi

défékasi (canonical)
defekasi-defekasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch defecatie, from French défécation, from Latin dēfaecātiō.

(physiology) defecation, defaecation: The act or process of voiding feces from the bowels.


prasangka

bias, prejudice: An adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of the facts.


ketimpangan

kêtimpangan (canonical)
ketimpangan-ketimpangan (plural)

(Standard Malay)

(sociology) inequality: An unfair, not equal, state.


penyimpangan

pênyimpangan (canonical)
penyimpangan-penyimpangan (plural)

the act of deviating; wandering off the correct or true path or road; a departure from the correct way of acting.

the state or result of having deviated; a transgression; an act of sin; an error; an offense.

(sociology) deviance: Actions or behaviors that violate formal and informal cultural norms such as laws and customs.


yurisprudensi

yurisprudènsi (canonical)
yurisprudensi-yurisprudensi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch jurisprudentie, from Latin iūrisprūdentia (“astuteness in the law”).

der

(law) jurisprudence: case law or the body of case law regarding a certain subject.


pemuliaan

Affixed mulia + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pemuliaan (“ennomblement”). The sense of breeding is a calque of Dutch veredeling (“breeding”, literally “ennomblement”).


indraja

penginderaan jauh
penginderaan jauh#Indonesian

(geography) acronym of penginderaan jauh (“remote sensing”).


kota administratif

id-noun

kota administratif (plural kota-kota administratif)

Compound of kota (“city”) + administratif (“administrative”). Compare to Chinese 副地级市 (fùdìjíshì, “sub-prefectural city”).

zh-l

(government, historical) The third-level urban administrative division in Indonesia without separate legislative body.


penginderaan jauh

Compound of penginderaan (“sensing”) + jauh (“far”), calque of English remote sensing.


migrasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch migratie, from Middle French migration and its source, Latin migrātiō, from the participle stem of migrō (“I migrate”).

(demography) an instance of moving to live in another place for a while.

(zoology) seasonal moving of animals, as mammals, birds or fish, especially between breeding and non-breeding areas.

(computing) instance of changing a platform from an environment to another one.


urbanisasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch urbanisatie, from English urbanization.

(urban studies) urbanisation, urbanization:

The process of the formation and growth of cities.

The change in a country or region when its population migrates from rural to urban areas.


psikologi

Borrowed from Dutch psychologie, from French psychologie, from Latin psychologia (coined by Marko Marulić from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + Latin -logia (“study of”)).

faktor psikologik yang mempengaruhi kondisi medik


bramacorah

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦿꦩꦕꦺꦴꦫꦃ (bramacorah, “criminal; defendant”), from Old Javanese brama, brahma (“anger”) + corah, cora (“thief”), from Sanskrit ब्रह्मन् (brahman, “the Absolute”) + चोर (cora, “thief”).


sukma

From Malay sukma, from Javanese ꦱꦸꦏ꧀ꦩ (sukma, “soul, life”), from Prakrit sukhuma, from Sanskrit सूक्ष्म (sūkṣma). Cognate of Old Javanese sūkṣma.


kontinuitas

Internationalism, affixed kontinu + -itas, learned borrowing from Latin continuitās.

lbor

lack of interruption or disconnection; the quality of being continuous in space or time.

(Standard Malay)

(mathematics) a characteristic property of a continuous function.


konsumerisme

konsumèrismê (canonical)
konsumerisme-konsumerisme (plural)

(Standard Malay)

A policy of protecting and informing consumers through honesty in advertising and packaging, improved safety standards etc.

A materialistic attachment to possessions.


pemrograman

pêmrograman (canonical)
pemrograman-pemrograman (plural)

(computing) The act of writing a computer program.

programming:
The act of writing a computer program.


reliabilitas

Internationalism, affixed reliabel + -itas.

(Standard Malay)

(education, sciences, statistics) the ability to measure the same thing consistently (of a measurement indicating the degree to which the measure is consistent); that is, repeated measurements would give the same result.

(engineering) ability of a system or component to perform its required functions under stated conditions for a specified time.


ukuran

A standard against which something can be judged; a criterion.

The size of someone or something, as ascertained by measuring.

(colloquial) A ruler, measuring stick, or graduated tape used to take measurements.

measurement: value (quantity, magnitude, extent or amount) determined by an act of measuring.

criterion: A standard or test by which individual things or people may be compared and judged.

(colloquial, figurative) norm: A rule that is imposed by regulations and/or socially enforced by members of a community.

standard: a principle or example or measure used for comparison.

principle: a fundamental assumption or guiding belief; a rule used to choose among solutions to a problem

an ordered, usually numerical sequence used for measurement, means of assigning a magnitude.

The dimensions or magnitude of a thing; how big something is.

A specific set of dimensions for a manufactured article, especially clothing.

dimension: A measure of spatial extent in a particular direction, such as height, width or breadth, or depth.

A measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard

Any instrument for ascertaining or regulating the level, state, dimensions or forms of things

The diameter of round or cylindrical body, as of a bullet, a projectile, or a column.

Unit of measure used to express the length of the bore of a weapon. The number of calibres is determined by dividing the length of the bore of the weapon, from the breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the diameter of its bore. A gun tube the bore of which is 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.

format: The layout of a publication or document.


peternak

pêtêrnak (canonical)
peternak-peternak (plural)


kesejahteraan

kêsêjahtêraan (canonical)
kesejahteraan-kesejahteraan (plural)


zonasi

Internationalism, probably from Dutch zonatie.


proyeksi

proyèksi (canonical)
proyeksi-proyeksi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch projectie, from French projection.

The display of an image by devices such as movie projector, video projector, overhead projector or slide projector.

(photography) The image that a translucent object casts onto another object.

(cartography) Any of several systems of intersecting lines that allow the curved surface of the earth to be represented on a flat surface. The set of mathematics used to calculate coordinate positions.

(geometry) An image of an object on a surface of fewer dimensions.

(Standard Malay)

A forecast or prognosis obtained by extrapolation.

(psychology) A belief or assumption that others have similar thoughts and experiences to one's own. This includes making accusations that would more fittingly apply to the accuser.


misoa

From Hokkien 麵線 /面线 (“mī-soàⁿ”). Compare Malay misoa, Tagalog miswa, English misua / mee sua.

Misua; a very thin variety of salted Chinese noodles made from wheat flour.


tentara bayaran

id-noun

tentara bayaran (plural tentara-tentara bayaran)

Compound of tentara (“soldier”) + bayaran (“paid”). Compare Japanese 傭兵(ようへい) (yōhei).


real estat

rèal èstat (canonical)
real-real estat (plural)


kotak suara

Compound of kotak (“box”) + suara (“sound, voice”).


pengolah kata

pengolah kata (plural pengolah-pengolah kata)

Compound of pengolah (“processor”) + kata (“word”), calque of English word processor.


cupak

a cubic measure equal to a quarter of a gantang


melukut

melukut di tepi gantang

of little importance or insignificant (literally, “broken rice grains by the bushel”)

broken rice grains; dust from rice grains; rice-dust


asam nukleat

Compound of asam (“acid”) + nukleat. Compare to Esperanto nukleata acido.

(biochemistry, genetics) nucleic acid: Any acidic, chainlike biological macromolecule consisting of multiple repeat units of phosphoric acid, sugar and purine and pyrimidine bases; they are involved in the preservation, replication and expression of hereditary information in every living cell.


gula pereduksi

gula pereduksi (plural gula-gula pereduksi)

(biochemistry) reducing sugar: any sugar that has a potential aldehyde or ketone functional group and thus reacts as a reducing agent.


lemak jenuh

/ləˈmaʔ d͡ʒəˈnʊh/

Compound of lemak (“fat”) + jenuh (“saturated”).

(biochemistry) saturated fat: A fat or oil, from either animal or vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of saturated fatty acids; will typically be solid at room temperature.


amilum

Learned borrowing from Latin amylum, from Ancient Greek ἄμυλον (ámulon), ἀ- (a-, “privative”) + μύλη (múlē, “mill”).


presipitat

présipitat (canonical)
presipitat-presipitat (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch precipitaat, from New Latin praecipitatum.

(chemistry) precipitate: a solid that exits the liquid phase of a solution.


potongan

Affixed potong (“cut”) + -an, inherited from Malay potongan. Replaced Dutch aftrek (“deduction”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

potongan harga
potongan harga#Indonesian


luntang

From Malay luntang, from Classical Malay لونتڠ (luntang), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lutaŋ.


lebai

From Malay lebai, from Classical Malay لباي (lĕbai), from Tamil லப்பை (lappai), a name of a trading community.

(Islam, religion) village official in charge of Muslim religious affairs


tumbuk

celebration of one's Windu birthday (every eight years).


energi aktivasi

Internationalism, compound of energi + aktivasi.

(chemistry, physics) activation energy: The energy required to initiate a reaction. For example, the flame from the fuse of a firecracker provides a small initial amount of energy, after which the explosive reaction proceeds by itself, releasing a considerably larger quantity of energy. A small push given to a stable but top-heavy object may cause it to fall over; the potential energy released during the fall was present in the system all along but could not be realized as long as the object was upright and balanced.


asam laktat

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) lactic acid


denaturasi

dénaturasi (canonical)
denaturasi-denaturasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch denaturatie (“denaturation”).

bor+

(Standard Malay)

(biochemistry) denaturation: The change of folding structure of a protein (and thus of physical properties) caused by heating, changes in pH, or exposure to certain chemicals.


akidah

Inherited from Malay aqidah, akidah, from Classical Malay عقيدة (aqidah), عقيدة (akidah), from Arabic عَقِيدَة (ʕaqīda, “belief, creed”).


rembesan

rêmbêsan (canonical)
rembesan-rembesan (plural)


pemompaan

pêmompaan (canonical)
pemompaan-pemompaan (plural)


keping darah

id-noun

keping darah (plural keping-keping darah)

Compound of keping + darah, calque of Dutch bloedplaatje.

(hematology) platelet: A small colorless disk-shaped particle found in the blood of mammals, which plays an important role in the formation of blood clots.


zat alir

Compound of zat (“substance”) + alir (“flow”), calque from Chinese 流體／流体 (literally “to flow + body”). Compare to Malay bendalir.

(physics) fluid: Any substance which can flow with relative ease, tends to assume the shape of its container, and obeys Bernoulli's principle; a liquid, gas or plasma.


trombosit

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch trombocyt.


vasodilatasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch vasodilatatie.

(physiology) vasodilation, vasodilatation: Dilation or widening of the blood vessels.


kandung kemih

kandung kemih (plural kandung-kandung kemih)

(anatomy) urinary bladder: An elastic, muscular sac situated in the pelvic cavity, into which urine from the kidneys is temporarily stored prior to disposal by urination. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra.


lempeng darah

lempeng darah (plural lempeng-lempeng darah)

Compound of lempeng + darah, calque of Dutch bloedplaatje.


depresan

déprèsan (canonical)
depresan-depresan (plural)

(pharmacology) depressant: A pharmacological substance which decreases neuronal or physiological activity.


transpor aktif

Compound of transpor + aktif, calque of English active transport.

active transport
active transport#English

(biology) active transport: Movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.


osmoregulasi

osmorégulasi (canonical)
osmoregulasi-osmoregulasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch osmoregulatie.

(physiology) osmoregulation: The homeostatic regulation of osmotic pressure in the body in order to maintain a certain water content (concentration of electrolytes, pH, etc).


ekskresi

èkskrèsi (canonical)
ekskresi-ekskresi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch excretie, from Middle French excrétion, from Late Latin excretio, excretionis, from Latin excerno.

(physiology) excretion: The process of removing or ejecting material that has no further utility, especially from the body; the act of excreting.


difusi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch diffusie, from French diffusion.

The act of diffusing or dispersing something, or the property of being diffused or dispersed; dispersion.

(Standard Malay)

(physics) The intermingling of the molecules of a fluid due to random thermal agitation.

(linguistics) The spread of cultural or linguistic practices, or social institutions, in one or more communities.


rentang

rêntang (canonical)
rentang-rentang (plural)

Inherited from Malay rentang. Doublet of rantang.

(statistics) range: the length of the smallest interval which contains all the data in a sample; the difference between the largest and smallest observations in the sample.


sekresi

sêkrèsi (canonical)
sekresi-sekresi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch secretie, from Latin sēcrētiō.

(Standard Malay)

(physiology) secretion: the act of secreting a substance, especially from a gland.


vasokonstriksi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch vasoconstrictie.

(physiology) vasoconstriction: constriction or narrowing of a blood vessel.


sendi peluru

sendi peluru (plural sendi-sendi peluru)

Compound of sendi (“joint”) + peluru (“projectile”), calque of Dutch kogelgewricht (“ball-and-socket joint”, literally “projectile joint”).

clq

ball-and-socket joint
ball-and-socket joint#English

(anatomy) ball-and-socket joint: A joint in which one segment has a rounded end and the next segment has a bowl-shaped end, with the rounded end being fitted into the bowl shape, allowing the first segment to move around an indefinite number of axes which have one common center.


keasaman

kêasaman (canonical)
keasaman-keasaman (plural)


demang

dêmang (canonical)
demang-demang (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦢꦼꦩꦁ (demang, “village head; court official title; customary law expert”), from Old Javanese dĕmaṅ, dĕmuṅ (“name of a functionary at the court”).

der

(historical) district head (first in Java and later in South and Central Sumatra).


geladak

Inherited from Malay geladak, from Old Javanese galadag (“smooth floor of wood or stone”).


geladak

(Riau) rice water attached to the lid of the pot


pedih hati

Compound of pedih (“smarting pain”) + hati (“liver”), from Malay pedih hati.


taksir

Inherited from Malay taksir, from Classical Malay تقصير (taksir, taqsir), from Arabic تَقْصِير (taqṣīr).


kancing

From Malay kancing. Cognate of Javanese ꦏꦚ꧀ꦕꦶꦁ (kancing, “lock, door lock; button”), Old Javanese kañciṅ (“lock, bar, bolt”).

cog

button (knob or small disc serving as a fastener)

hook (small metal catch inserted in a loop or eye for fastening clothes)


manikam

From Malay manikam, from Classical Malay مانيکم (manikam), from Tamil மாணிக்கம் (māṇikkam), from Sanskrit माणिक्य (māṇikya).


lawar

Inherited from Malay lawar (“cuts (pieces) of meat or fish”), from Old Javanese lawar (“uncooked, raw”).


julang

a buildup of fluid pressure, often quantified as pressure head

the difference in elevation between two points in a column of fluid, and the resulting pressure of the fluid at the lower point

more generally, energy in a mass of fluid divided by its weight


peledakan

pêlêdakan (canonical)
peledakan-peledakan (plural)


liyan

From Javanese ꦭꦶꦪꦤ꧀ (liyan, “another, others”), from Old Javanese lyan (“other, different; and also”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lian (“to change appearance”).


kekar

(geology) fracture: a fault or crack in a rock.


sesar geser

Compound of sesar (“fault”) + geser (“to slide”). Compare to Japanese 横(よこ)ずれ断層(だんそう) (yokozuredansō, literally “side-slippage fault”).


patahan

Affixed patah + -an. The sense “fault” is a semantic loan from Dutch breuk (“fault”, literally “fracture”).

semantic loan

(seismology) fault: A fracture in a rock formation causing a discontinuity.


perlakuan

treatment (the process or manner of treating someone or something)


alat muat-angkut-buang

alat (“tool”) + muat (“load”) + angkut (“haul”) + buang (“dump”)


alat gali-muat

alat (“tool”) + gali (“dig”) + muat (“load”)


alat garu

(mining) ripper; A hook-like tool used to tear away ore, rock, etc.


endapan

êndapan (canonical)
endapan-endapan (plural)

endapan sedimen


jidar

From Malay jidar, from Arabic جِدَار (jidār).


kumbar

From Malay kumbar. Compare Urak Lawoi' กูเมอ (kume).

A large, thorny, and almost stemless palm, of species Salacca wallichiana


rakyu

Borrowed from Arabic رَأْي (raʔy), رَأَى (raʔā).


gabah

From Javanese ꦒꦧꦃ (gabah), from Old Javanese gabah, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaʔ (“paddy”). Compare Temiar baa (“rice plants, husked rice”), Semai ba (“rice”), Proto-Khasian *kba (“paddy rice”).


taaruf

introduction: A means, such as a personal letter, of presenting one person to another.


taklimat

bor

Arabic تَعْلِيمَات (taʕlīmāt)


tata kelola

→ Malay: tatakelola

tata (“order; arrangement; system”) + kelola (“to manage”).

com

(Standard Malay)


optimalisasi

Affixed optimal + -isasi, borrowed from Dutch optimalisatie.


tata laksana

tata (“order, arrangement, system”) + laksana (“action, doing, performing”).

(medicine) management: method to treat a disease or condition


kerajinan

kêrajinan (canonical)
kerajinan-kerajinan (plural)

Affixed rajin + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kerajinan.


rekrutmen

rékrutmên (canonical)
rekrutmen-rekrutmen (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from English recruitment, from French recrutement.

(Standard Malay)

(management) the process or art of finding candidates for a post in an organization, or recruits for the armed forces.

(physiology) the full aeration of a lung.

recruitment:
the full aeration of a lung.


personalitas

pêrsonalitas (canonical)
personalitas-personalitas (plural)

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin persōnālitās.

lbor

personality: A set of non-physical psychological and social qualities that make one person distinct from another.


kue batang buruk

id-noun

kue batang buruk (plural kue-kue batang buruk)

From Malay kue batang buruk and Pontianak Malay kue batang burok.

Riau Islands Malay traditional pastry, made from wheat flour, spring roll skin, green bean, milk powder and fine granulated sugar

Pontianak Malay traditional steamed cake, made from wheat flour, minced meat, egg, onions, garlic, carrots and potatoes


riadat

From Arabic رِيَاضَات (riyāḍāt), plural form of رِيَاضَة (riyāḍa, “sport; mathematics”).

der

Arabic رِيَاضَات (riyāḍāt)


objektivitas

From English objectivity with Latinate -itas ending. Equivalent to objektif + itas. Replaced obyektivitet.


nutrien

nutrièn (canonical)
nutrien-nutrien (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch nutriënt, from Latin nūtriēns, present participle of nūtriō (“I suckle, nourish, foster”).

nutrient: A source of nourishment, such as food, that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue.


modalitas

Internationalism, affixed *modal + -itas.

(linguistics) mood: The inflection of a verb that shows how its action is conceived by the speaker.

(medicine) A method of diagnosis or therapy.

modality:
A method of diagnosis or therapy.


bubur pedas

Sambas Malay traditional porridge, originally Sambas royal dish


pemandian

pêmandian (canonical)
pemandian-pemandian (plural)

edge, margin (of sea and land), shallow.


artropoda

From Ancient Greek ἄρθρον (árthron, “joint”) + πούς (poús, “foot”).

(zoology) arthropod: An invertebrate animal of the phylum Arthropoda, characterized by a chitinous exoskeleton and multiple jointed appendages.


aldehida

aldéhida (canonical)
aldehida-aldehida (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch aldehyde m, from German Aldehyd, a contraction of the Latin al(cohol) dehyd(rogenātum).

(organic chemistry) aldehyde: Any of a large class of reactive organic compounds (R·CHO) having a carbonyl functional group attached to one hydrocarbon radical and a hydrogen atom.


penerbang

pênêrbang (canonical)
penerbang-penerbang (plural)

Affixed peng- + terbang, calque of Dutch vliegenier.

(aviation) aviator, pilot: A person who is in charge of the controls of an aircraft.


timbun

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦤ꧀ (timbun, “to pile”), from Old Javanese timbun (“heaped up, piled up”).


volunter

voluntér (canonical)
volunter-volunter (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch volontair, volontaire, from French volontaire, from Middle French voluntaire, from late Old French voluntaire, borrowed from Latin voluntārius (“voluntary; volunteer”), from voluntās (“free will”), from volō, velle (“wish, intend”).


tengkujuh

têngkujuh (canonical)
tengkujuh-tengkujuh (plural)

Inherited from Malay tengkujuh, from Classical Malay تڠكوجوه (tengkujuh).


peubah

pêubah (canonical)
peubah-peubah (plural)

Affixed peng- + ubah. Compare to Malay pemboleh ubah.

(mathematics): a quantity that may assume any one of a set of values; a symbol representing a variable.


garis bantu

(engineering) guideline: A light line to help align.

(Standard Malay)

(music) ledger line: A musical notation to inscribe notes outside the lines and spaces of the regular musical staves; a line slightly longer than the note is drawn parallel to the staff, above or below, spaced at the same distances as the notes within the staff.


jangka sorong

id-noun

jangka sorong (plural jangka-jangka sorong)

/ˈd͡ʒaŋka ˈsɔrɔŋ/

Compound of jangka (“measure, scale”) + sorong (“sliding”), calque of Dutch schuifmaat (“vernier caliper, vernier scale”, literally “sliding scale”).

clq

(metrology) vernier caliper: a type of sliding calipers for measuring the external or internal dimensions of objects, using the vernier scale for improved precision.


pedagang besar

id-noun

pedagang besar (plural pedagang-pedagang besar)

Compound of pedagang + besar, calque of Dutch groothandelaar (“wholesaler”).

clq

wholesaler: a person or company that buys merchandise from manufacturers, importers, or distributors and resells the merchandise to retail businesses and to business and institutional end users.


tangga nada

Compound of tangga (“ladder”) + nada (“tone”), calque of Dutch toonladder (“scale”, literally “tone scale”).

(music) scale: A series of notes spanning an octave, tritave, or pseudo-octave, used to make melodies.


sublimasi

Internationalism, Borrowed from Dutch sublimatie, from French sublimation, from Latin sublīmātiō.

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor state such that it does not pass through the intermediate liquid phase.

(psychology) The transformation of an impulse into something socially constructive.


otot polos

Compound of otot (“muscle”) + polos (“plain”).


kemacetan

kêmacêtan (canonical)
kemacetan-kemacetan (plural)


indeks massa tubuh

id-noun

indeks massa tubuh (plural indeks-indeks massa tubuh)

Compound of indeks + massa + tubuh, calque of English body mass index


konkordansi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch concordantie, from French concordance, from Medieval Latin concordantia.

(linguistics) concordance: An alphabetical verbal index showing the places in the text of a book where each principal word may be found, with its immediate context in each place.


lakuan

(drama, literature) expression: The action of expressing thoughts, ideas, feelings, etc.


interferensi

intêrfêrènsi (canonical)
interferensi-interferensi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch interferentie, from French interférence.

The act of interfering with something, or something that interferes.

(Standard Malay)

(physics) An effect caused by the superposition of two systems of waves.

(Standard Malay)

(physics) A distortion on a broadcast signal due to atmospheric or other effects.

(linguistics) The situation where a person who knows two languages inappropriately transfers lexical items or structures from one to the other.


pesawat tempur

pesawat tempur (plural pesawat-pesawat tempur)

Compound of pesawat (“plane”, literally “machine”) + tempur (“to attack”), compare to Japanese 戦闘機(せんとうき) (sentōki, “fighter plane”).

com

(military) fighter aircraft, fighter plane.


perpindahan

(mechanics) displacement: A vector quantity which denotes distance with a directional component.


kertas saring

id-noun

kertas saring (plural kertas-kertas saring)

Compound of kertas (“paper”) + saring (“filter”).


pertambangan

pêrtambangan (canonical)
pertambangan-pertambangan (plural)

mining: The activity of removing solid valuables from the earth.


persidangan

pêrsidangan (canonical)
persidangan-persidangan (plural)

(law) trial: appearance at judicial court in order to be examined.


hibah

Inherited from Malay hibah, from Classical Malay هيبه (hibah), from Arabic هِبَة (hiba).


kapasitas kalor

kapasitas kalor (plural kapasitas-kapasitas kalor)

Compound of kapasitas (“capacity”) + kalor (“heat”).

(thermodynamics) heat capacity: The capability of a system to absorb heat energy; the amount of thermal energy required to raise the temperature of a system by one temperature unit without any change of phase.


dongkrak

Borrowed from Dutch dommekracht, from Middle Low German dumkraft. Compare with German daumkraft, Swedish domkraft, Danish donkraft.

(Standard Malay)

jack: A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre.


permutasi

pérmutasi (canonical)
permutasi-permutasi (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch permutatie, from Old French permutacïon, promutatïon and Medieval Latin permūtātiōnem, accusative of permūtātiō.


publisitas

Learned borrowing from Latin pūblicitās, from Latin pūblicus (“public, general”). Displaced loanword from Dutch publiciteit (“publicity”).

publicity: Advertising or other activity designed to rouse public interest in something.


pemufakatan

pêmufakatan (canonical)
pemufakatan-pemufakatan (plural)

Affixed mufakat + per- -an. Semantic loan from Dutch samenspanning (“conspiracy”).


pengacau

pêngacau (canonical)
pengacau-pengacau (plural)

Affixed peng- + kacau, inherited from Malay pengacau (“agitator, troublemaker; mixer”).


dakwaan

Affixed dakwa + -an. Semantic loan from Dutch beschuldiging.

(law) indictment: An official formal accusation for a criminal offence, or the process by which it is brought to a jury.


hukuman percobaan

Compound of hukuman (“punishment”) + percobaan, calque of Dutch voorwaardelijke veroordeling (“suspended sentence”).


pajak penghasilan

Compound of pajak (“tax”) + penghasilan (“income”), calque of Dutch inkomstenbelasting.

(taxation) income tax: a tax levied on earned and unearned income, net of allowed deductions.


manipulasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch manipulatie, from Old French manipule, from Latin manipulus.


rumah tutupan

Compound of rumah (“house”) + tutupan, calque of Dutch tuchthuis.


penghinaan

pênghinaan (canonical)
penghinaan-penghinaan (plural)

Affixed hina + peng- -an. Used as a semantic loan from Dutch belediging.


rasio

Borrowed from Dutch ratio, from Latin ratiō.

a number representing a comparison between two named things.

the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient).


APAR

alat pemadam api ringan
alat pemadam api ringan#Indonesian

Acronym of alat pemadam api ringan (“fire extinguisher”).


pengembang

pêngêmbang (canonical)
pengembang-pengembang (plural)

a person or entity engaged in the creation or improvement of certain classes of products.

(Standard Malay)

(business) a real estate developer; a person or company who prepares a parcel of land for sale, or creates structures on that land.

(cooking) leavener: any agent that promotes leavening.


levertran

Borrowed from Dutch levertraan (“cod liver oil”, literally “liver fish oil”).


adeg-adeg

From Balinese adeg-adeg. Compare to Old Javanese adĕg (“standing erect”).

(dialect, Bali) the virama (a diacritic that suppresses the inherent vowel of a given letter)


pangkuan

lap (a place of rearing and fostering; the upper legs of a seated person)


pencucian

(countable) laundry (a place or room where laundering is done - including, by extension, other forms of laundering than clothes washing)


komposit

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch composiet, from Middle French composite, from Latin compositus, past participle of compōnō (“put together”).

composite:
A mixture of different components.

A structural material that gains its strength from a combination of complementary materials.

composite material: Any engineered material composed of two radically different materials in a tightly bonded matrix and having properties significantly different from either constituent


hitung mundur

id-noun

hitung mundur (plural hitung-hitung mundur)

Compound of hitung (“count”) + mundur (“backward”). Compare to French compte à rebours (“countdown”, literally “count by reverse”).

ncog

countdown: A count backward in fixed units to the time of some event.


pembilang

pêmbilang (canonical)
pembilang-pembilang (plural)

Affixed peng- + bilang. Semantic loan from Dutch teller (“numerator”, literally “someone who counts”) for the arithmetic sense.

sl

(arithmetic) numerator: The number or expression written above the line in a fraction (such as 1 in ½).


peringatan

pêringatan (canonical)
peringatan-peringatan (plural)

Affixed ingat + per- -an, inherited from Malay ڤرايڠتن (peringatan).

inh+

The act of commemorating; an observance or celebration to honor the memory of some person or event.

memorial: that which serves the purpose of commemorating.

recollection: The act of remembering; a holding in mind, or bringing to mind.

memory, recollection: The state of being remembered, or held in mind

That which serves to keep in or bring to mind; a memento, a memorial, a souvenir, a token; a memorandum or note of something to be remembered.


plastisitas

Learned borrowing from Latin plasticitas.

lbor

(physics) the property of a solid body whereby it undergoes a permanent change in shape or size when subjected to a stress exceeding a particular value (the yield value)

(neurology) how entire brain structures, and the brain itself, can change as a result of experience.


penyebut

pênyêbut (canonical)
penyebut-penyebut (plural)

Affixed peng- + sebut (“to tell”). The sense in arithmetic is semantic loan from Dutch noemer (“denominator”).

sl

(arithmetic) denominator: The number or expression written below the line in a fraction (such as 2 in ½).

numerator, enumerator: someone who counts.


kwasiorkor

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kwashiorkor, from English kwashiorkor, from Ga kwašiɔkɔ, kwàṣìɔkɔ́ (“the sickness the older child gets when the next baby is born”).

(pathology, pediatrics) kwashiorkor: A form of malnutrition, found in children, caused by dietary insufficiency of protein in combination with a high-carbohydrate diet.


kotak hitam

Compound of kotak + hitam, calque of English black box.


pencitraan

pêngcitraan (canonical)
pencitraan-pencitraan (plural)

The technique or practice of creating images of otherwise invisible aspects of an object, especially of body parts.

The use of mental images to alter a person's perceptions or behaviors.


lubang hitam

id-noun

lubang hitam (plural lubang-lubang hitam)

Compound of lubang (“hole”) + hitam (“black”), calque of English black hole.


perdarahan

pêrdarahan (canonical)
perdarahan-perdarahan (plural)


pendarahan

pêndarahan (canonical)
pendarahan-pendarahan (plural)

→ Tetum: pendarahan


perdikan

pêrdikan (canonical)
perdikan-perdikan (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦂꦢꦶꦏꦤ꧀ (pardikan), from Old Javanese [Term?].


sempena

sêmpêna (canonical)
sempena-sempena (plural)

Inherited from Malay sempena, from Sanskrit सम्पन्न (sampanna), संपन्न (saṃpanna).

(archaic) blessing, good luck, good fortune


densitas curah

id-noun

densitas curah (plural densitas-densitas curah)


densitas ruah

densitas ruah (plural densitas-densitas ruah)


muazin

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic مُؤَذِّن (muʔaḏḏin).


mata jala

mesh: The opening or space enclosed by the threads of a net between knot and knot, or the threads enclosing such a space.


genderuwo

gêndêruwo (canonical)
genderuwo-genderuwo (plural)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦤ꧀ꦢꦂꦮ (gandarwa), from Old Javanese gandharwa, from Sanskrit गन्धर्व (gandharva). Doublet of gandarwa.

bor+

a ghost in the form of a tall, hairy human

bastard poon tree, java olive tree, hazel sterculia, wild almond tree, and skunk tree (Stercullia foetida)


mata kuliah

Compound of mata (“the important part”) + kuliah (“lecture”) (similar to Indonesian mata pelajaran). Compare to Chinese 科目 (kēmù, “course, subject”, literally “branch of study + eye”) and Japanese 科目(かもく) (kamoku, “subject; course”).

zh-l

subject; an area of knowledge that is taught or studied in higher education institutions.


putau

Alternated from putih (“white”), inherited from Malay putih, from Classical Malay putih (“white”), from Proto-Malayic *putih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)putiq.


bahan peledak

Compound of bahan (“material”) + peledak, calque of Dutch springstof


corcoran

Borrowed from Javanese ꦕꦺꦴꦂꦕꦺꦴꦫꦤ꧀ (corcoran), a reduplication of ꦕꦺꦴꦂ (cor).

concrete, a building material created by mixing cement, water, and aggregate such as gravel and sand.


biwara

Borrowed from English beaver, likely through Hindi बीवर (bīvar), written with silent final /ə/ (inherent vowel).


ulur

Probably Old Javanese hulun, ulun (“slave, bondsman, servant”).