tempo

From Malay tempoh, timpo, from Dutch tempo from Italian tempo, or from Portuguese tempo, ultimately from Latin tempus (“time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tempos (“stretch”), from the root *temp- (“to stretch, string”).


bahasa

(dialectal, rare) that (connecting a noun clause)


orang

From Malay orang, from Old Malay urang, from Proto-Malayic *uraŋ (“person”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uʀaŋ (“outsider”). Doublet of bong and wong.


n

(text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of dan.


nah

Nah, itu yang tidak bisa kita ketahui.

Now, that's what we haven't been able to find out.

Lalu saya dipecat dengan tidak hormat. Nah, ini yang minimbulkan perasaan bahwa itu keterlaluan.

Then I was given a dishonourable dismissal. Now, this is what made me feel that they had over-stepped the mark.

Used to conclude a speech or train of thought; now; so; right; okay


sebab

From Malay sebab, from Classical Malay sebab, from Arabic سَبَب (sabab).

Menurut Eko, kebakaran diketahui warga desanya sebab ada asap tebal di kawasan hutan dekat dengan makam Ki Ageng Pandanaran.

2018 August 26, Achmad Hussain, “Kebakaran Lahan Hutan di Klaten Meluas ke Selatan [Forest Land Fires in Klaten Spreads to the South]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-27:

According to Eko, the fire was found out by the people of his village because there was thick smoke at the forest area that is close to the tomb of Ki Ageng Pandanaran.


dan

Inherited from Malay dan, probably from dengan, or Proto-Malayic *dua(ʔ)-an.

and (used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera)


lagi

From Malay lagi, from Classical Malay lagi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lagi (emphatic particle). Semantic loan from Betawi Ora lagih for "in the process of" sense.


yang

Inherited from Malay yang, from Classical Malay يڠ (yang), from Old Malay yaṃ.

rumah yang aku mau


yg

(text messaging) Abbreviation of yang (“which”).


pas

Possibly borrowed and adapted from Dutch pas, a deverbal from passen, from Middle Dutch passen, from pas, from Old French pas, from Latin passus. Therefore related to etymology 1.


di mana

Aku berada di tempat di mana matahari jarang terbenam.

I am at the place where the sun rarely sets.

Di mana ada gula, ada semut.

(nonstandard) where; at or in which place or situation


agar

From Malay agar, from Sanskrit अग्र (agra).

so that; in order to
indicates purpose; with the result that

indicates purpose; in such a way that, with the intent that

to; in order to (as a means of achieving the specified end)


toh

From Dutch toch, from Middle Dutch toch, alteration of doch, from Middle Dutch doch, from Old Dutch thoh, from Proto-West Germanic *þauh, from Proto-Germanic *þauh.

moreover, after all, see lagipula, lagian


saat

From Malay saat, from Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa).

when, while, or referring to an occurrence that happened in the past


atau

From earlier ataoe, from Malay atau (“or”), from Old Malay अथवा (athavā), from Pali atha vā (“or”), from Sanskrit अथो (atho) < अथवा (athavā, “or, rather”).


tetapi

From Malay tetapi, from Old Malay tathapi, from Sanskrit तथापि (tathāpi), तथा (tathā) + अपि (api).


tapi

Shortened form of tetapi, from Malay tetapi, from Sanskrit तथापि (tathāpi).


kalau

‘’Saya geli kalau teringat masa sekolah dulu. Saya pernah dihukum oleh Bu Kunti (guru) gara-gara membiarkan teman-teman mbolos sekolah,’’ kata mantan ketua kelas yang kini tinggal di Jl Aster Condongcatur, Yogyakarta itu.

2018 March 29, “‘’Dulu, Kalau Ada Anak Merokok Ditamplek Mulutnya...’’ [‘’In the Past, If A Child Smokes, His Mouth is Glued...’’]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-26:

"I am amused when I recall my time at school. I was once punished by Mrs. Kunti (teacher) for letting my friends ditch school," said the former class leader who now lives in Jl Aster Condongcatur, Yogyakarta.


karena

Inherited from Malay kerana, karena, from Classical Malay kerana, karena, karana, from Sanskrit कारण (kāraṇa, “cause; reason”), from vṛddhi derivative of करण (káraṇa). Doublet of kerani.


walaupun

Inherited from Malay walaupun. Equivalent to walau + pun.


walau

From Malay walau, from Arabic وَلَوْ (walaw, “albeit”).


meskipun

Inherited from Malay meskipun. Equivalent to meski + pun.

though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession


bahkan

Inherited from Malay bahkan, from Classical Malay بهکن (bahkan).


supaya

From Malay supaya, from Old Javanese supaya, sopaya, probably from sa- + upāya (“aim, means, way, stratagem, craft”), compare to mopāya (“to use”), thus reconstructed as se- + upaya.


kalo

"Meski jauh datang dari Boja, gak masalah yang penting bisa belikan baju baru untuk anak saya buat Lebaran nanti. Soalnya, kalo sudah mepet hari Lebaran biasanya gak sempet lagi," ujarnya.

2018 June 6, Yulianto, “Bazar Ramadan di Balaikota Semarang Disambut Antusias Warga [Ramadan Bazaar at Semarang City Hall Welcomed by Enthusiastic Citizens]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-27:

"Even though it is far to come from Boja, it is not a problem, what's important is being able to buy new clothing for my son for Lebaran (Eid al-Fitr) later. The problem is, if/when it is already approaching the day for Lebaran, there is usually no chance anymore," she says.

(informal, colloquial) Alternative form of kalau (“if; when”)


tengah

From Malay tengah (“center”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təŋaq.


oleh

Inherited from Malay oleh, from Proto-Malayic *ulih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uliq.

by or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that

as is known, inferred, or determined from the fact that


dimana

From a misconception that this word comes from affixed di- + mana. It may also be influenced by the spelling of slang gimana.


apakah

Aku tidak tahu apakah suratku sudah sampai.

I don't know whether (or not) my letter has arrived.


secara

Reconstructed as se- + acara, from Malay secara. Compare Old Javanese sācāra (“in the manner of”).


jadi

Unknown.
* From Malay jadi, from Sanskrit जाति (jāti, “birth”) or जात (jāta, “become”). Doublet of jata, jati, and jelata.
* From Malay jadi, from Proto-Malayic *ɟadi, *maka-ɟadi (“become, for, to”). Cognate with Malagasy zary.


sementara

From Malay sementara, from Sanskrit समान्तर (samāntara, “parallel, interval of a year”).


ilat

From Arabic عِلَّة (ʕilla, “defect; reason”).


serta

From Malay serta, from Sanskrit [Term?].


buat

From Malay buat, from Classical Malay بوات (buat), from Old Malay vuat, from Proto-Malayic *buat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buhat.


begitu

Dia hampir terlambat karena begitu dia masuk, gerbang sekolah langsung ditutup.

He was almost late because as soon as he entered, the school gate was immediately closed.

as soon as (at the moment when; immediately after; instantly)


apabila

Compound of apa (“what”) + bila (“when”), from Malay apabila (“when”)


gara-gara

Probably borrowed from Betawi gara-gara (“reason”).


melainkan

Inherited from Malay melainkan. Equivalent to lain + meng- -kan.

Tampaknya Shalahuddin mengetahui bahwa kelompok Assassin tidak bertindak sendiri, melainkan atas permintaan lawan-lawan Shalahuddin di Aleppo dan Mosul.

2014, Alwi Alatas, Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi dan Perang Salib III [Saladin and The Third Crusade], Zikrul Hakim, page 230:

Apparently Saladin knew that the Assassins didn't act alone [as their own will], but rather upon Saladin's competitors' request at Aleppo and Mosul.


umpama

Inherited from Malay umpama, from Pali upamā (“simile, parable, comparison”), from Sanskrit उपमा (upamā).


yakni

From Malay yaini, yakni, ya`ani, from Classical Malay ينا (iáni), يني (iany), ياءني (ya`ni), يعني (yakni), from Arabic يَعْنِي (yaʕnī).


bahwa

From Malay bahwa, a variant of bahawa, from Sanskrit भाव (bhāva, “really, truly”).

Saya percaya bahwa itu benar.


selama

Selama mereka masih tertidur, aku bisa bermain dengan bebas.

As long as they are still asleep, I can freely play.


dikarenakan

karena + di- -kan. Proscribed formation from karena, possibly by analogy with sebab and disebabkan. The agent focus form "mengarenakan" does not exist.

Dikarenakan cuaca saat itu sejuk dan tidak panas, ...

2015, Laporan Konferensi Wikimedia 2015:

Since the weather was cool and was not warm, ...


kendati

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kendati</i>


jangankan

Jangankan belajar, baca saja dia tak bisa.


ketika

From Malay ketika, from Sanskrit घटिक (ghaṭika, “a period of time”).


biar

From Malay biar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bihaʀ.


tegal

From Malay tegal,
from Classical Malay tegal.


seraya

Inherited from Malay seraya, from Classical Malay seraya, from Javanese ꦱꦿꦪ (sraya), from Old Javanese āśraya, from Sanskrit आश्रय (āśraya, “protection, shelter”). Doublet of serayo.
* Semantic loan from Minangkabau serayo.


meski

From Malay meski, from Portuguese por mais que. Compare Macanese masqui, Tagalog maski, Spanish por más que.


datau

(informal, rare) a conjunction word for inclusive or, formally dan/atau.


dan/atau

(formal, law) a conjunction word for inclusive or.


sebagaimana

as (in the (same) way or manner that; to the (same) degree that)


seolah-olah

From se- + olah with reduplication at the base word.


maklum

Inherited from Malay maklum, from Arabic مَعْلُوم (maʕlūm).

(colloquial, used only at the beginning of a sentence) because


lantaran

Borrowed from Betawi lantaran. Reanalyzed
as lantar + -an.


soalnya

From soal + -nya, literally "the problem (is)".


seakan-akan

From se- + akan with reduplication at the base word.


saking

Ia terdiam saking bingungnya.

He went quiet, due to how confused he became.

(colloquial) due to (an excess of), because of (an intensity of).


adapun

Adapun permintaan ini, akan saya selesaikan nanti.

As for this request, I will complete it later.