kalo

"Meski jauh datang dari Boja, gak masalah yang penting bisa belikan baju baru untuk anak saya buat Lebaran nanti. Soalnya, kalo sudah mepet hari Lebaran biasanya gak sempet lagi," ujarnya.

2018 June 6, Yulianto, “Bazar Ramadan di Balaikota Semarang Disambut Antusias Warga [Ramadan Bazaar at Semarang City Hall Welcomed by Enthusiastic Citizens]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-27:

"Even though it is far to come from Boja, it is not a problem, what's important is being able to buy new clothing for my son for Lebaran (Eid al-Fitr) later. The problem is, if/when it is already approaching the day for Lebaran, there is usually no chance anymore," she says.

(informal, colloquial) Alternative form of kalau (“if; when”)


kalo

type of bamboo sieve used to filter coconut milk


tasik

From Malay tasik, Proto-Malayic *tasik, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tasik.


telaga

têlaga (canonical)
telaga-telaga (plural)

From Malay telaga (attested in Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD as talāga), from Old Javanese talaga (“tank, pool, pond”), from Prakrit talāga, taḍāga, from Sanskrit तलक (talaka, “pond”), तडाग (taḍāga, “pond”). Cognate of Javanese ꦠ꧀ꦭꦒ (tlaga), Kapampangan talaga, Sundanese ᮒᮜᮌ (talaga, “lake”), and Ternate talaga (“lake”).


tambang

From Malay tambang (“mine”), from Minangkabau tambang (“mine”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambeŋ (“covered, veiled”). Compare Maori tapa.

inh

mine: an excavation from which ore or solid minerals are taken, especially one consisting of underground tunnels.


tambang

From Betawi [Term?] or Javanese ꦠꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ (tambang, “thick rope, cable, hawser”), from Old Javanese tambaṅ (“rope, rein, bow-string”).

der

tether: a rope, cable etc. that holds something in place whilst allowing some movement


tambang

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

From Malay tambang (“fare, freight”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?]. Compare Maori tapa, Old Javanese tambaṅ (“to ferry, ferry fare”).

cog

(rare, dialectal) ferry: a ship used to transport people, smaller vehicles and goods from one port to another, usually on a regular schedule.

(rare, dialectal) load: a certain number of articles or quantity of material that can be transported


tanam

From Malay tanam, from Old Malay tānaṃ, which attested first in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD, from Proto-Malayic *tanəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tanəm (compare Cebuano tanum (“plant”), Chamorro tanom, Samoan tanu), from Proto-Austronesian *CaNəm (“grave, to bury”) (compare Amis tadem).

inh

imperative of menanam (“to plant, to bury”)


benua

From Malay benua, from Old Malay vanua, from Proto-Malayic *bənua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *banua, from Proto-Austronesian *banua. Doublet of banua and wanua.


tangis

From Malay tangis, from Proto-Malayic *taŋis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋis, from Proto-Austronesian *Caŋis.


sinar

From Malay sinar, from Proto-Malayic *sinar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sinaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *siNaʀ.


waru

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦫꦸ (waru), from Old Javanese waru, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀu. Doublet of baru.

Talipariti tiliaceum
Talipariti tiliaceum#Translingual

Hibiscus tiliaceus
Hibiscus tiliaceus#Translingual

sea hibiscus, cottonwood hibiscus (Talipariti tiliaceum, syn. Hibiscus tiliaceus)

(in extension, card games) spade: a playing card marked with the symbol ♠.


tengah

têngah (canonical)
tengah-tengah (plural)

From Malay tengah (“center”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təŋaq.


tengah

progressive aspect
progressive aspect#English

(auxiliary) progressive aspect without necessarily a final perspective.


tiram

From Malay tiram, from Proto-Malayic *tirəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tiʀəm.


tuhan

From Malay tuhan, from Proto-Malayic *tuhan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan. Doublet of tuan and Tuhan.


tunu

From Malay tunu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tunu, from Proto-Austronesian *CuNuh.

menunukan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditunukan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


udang

From Malay udang, from Classical Malay udang, from Proto-Malayic *hudaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hudaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hudaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *qudaŋ.

a common name for small aquatic crustaceans with an exoskeleton and ten legs, of the genus Stenasellus, the infraorder Caridea or the suborder Dendrobranchiata; shrimp; prawn


beri

bêri (canonical)
memberi (active)
diberi (passive)

Inherited from Malay beri, from Proto-Malayic *bəri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀay, from Proto-Austronesian *bəʀay.


beri

Borrowed from English berry, from Middle English berye, from Old English berġe, from Proto-West Germanic *baʀi, from Proto-Germanic *bazją.

berry (a small succulent fruit, of any one of many varieties)

(botany) berry (a soft fruit which develops from a single ovary and contains seeds not encased in pits)


budi

From Malay budi, from Sanskrit बुद्धि (buddhi, “intelligence, mind, reason”).

der

sense: meaning, reason, conscious awareness.


cair

liquid: flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid and not gaseous; composed of particles that move freely among each other on the slightest pressure.

thin: of low viscosity or low specific gravity.

(figurative) fluid: convertible into cash.

(figurative) leaked: of a document, etc, produced by a company or organization, intended to be confidential but having been released to the public or the press.


cuka

From Malay cuka (“vinegar, sour”), possibly:
* Prakrit *𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*cukka), from Sanskrit चुक्र (cukra, “sourness; fruit vinegar”). Compare Bengali চুকা (cuka, “sour, acid”). Compare Bengali চুকা (cuka, “sour, acid”), Tagalog suka, Cebuano suka.
* Persian سرکا (serkâ, “vinegar”)


erat

Inherited from Malay erat, from Proto-Malayic *ərət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həʀət, from Proto-Austronesian *SəʀəC (“to bind tightly; belt”).


gempa

From Malay gempa,
from Classical Malay ݢمڤا (gĕmpa), from Sanskrit कम्प (kampa, “quake”). Doublet of kempa.

An earthquake, a trembling of the ground with force.


inti

(chemistry, nuclear physics) short for inti atom (“atomic nucleus”).

core
short for inti atom (“atomic nucleus”).


kadar

Inherited from Malay kadar, from Arabic قَدْر (qadr), قَدَر (qadar).


kadar

measure, a prescribed quantity or extent:

a limit that cannot be exceeded; a bound.

content: the amount of material contained.

(Standard Malay)


kaum

From Malay kaum, from Classical Malay kaum, from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).


kerja

From Malay kerja, from Sanskrit कार्य (kārya). Doublet of karya.

(physics) a measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance.

(physics, more generally) a measure of energy that is usefully extracted from a process.

action: a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings).


kerja

kêrja (canonical)
kerja (root)
bekerja (active)
kerja (active)
kerjalah (active)
mengerjai (active locative)
tekerjai (involuntary locative)
dikerjai (involuntary locative passive)
kerjai (locative)
kerjailah (locative)
mengerjakan (active applicative causative)
tekerjakan (applicative causative)
dikerjakan (applicative causative passive)
kerjakan (applicative causative)
kerjakanlah (applicative causative)
mempekerjakan (active applicative causative locative)
teperkerjakan (applicative causative locative)
dipekerjakan (applicative causative locative passive)
pekerjakan (applicative causative locative)
pekerjakanlah (applicative causative locative)

→ As: kerja


kunci

kunci (root)
mengunci (active)
terkunci (active involuntary)
dikunci (active involuntary passive)
kunci (active)
kuncilah (active)
menguncikan (active applicative causative locative)
terkuncikan (applicative causative locative)
dikuncikan (applicative causative locative passive)
kuncikan (applicative causative locative)
kuncikanlah (applicative causative locative)

From Malay kunci (“key”), from Hindi कुंजी (kuñjī, “key”), from Sanskrit कुञ्चिका (kuñcikā).
* Semantic loan from Dutch sleutel for wrench, spanner and clef senses.
* Semantic loan from Dutch akkoord for chord sense.
* Semantic loan from English key for music (other than clef sense), education, computing, cryptography and internet sense.

(literally) lock, something used for fastening, which can only be opened with a key or combination.

(now literally) an object designed to open and close a lock.

(figurative) a crucial step or requirement.

(music, figurative) in musical theory, the total melodic and harmonic relations, which exist between the tones of an ideal scale, major or minor; tonality.

(Standard Malay)

(music, figurative) in musical theory and notation, the tonality centering in a given tone, or the several tones taken collectively, of a given scale, major or minor.

(computing) a value that uniquely identifies an entry in a container.

(cryptography) A piece of information (e.g. a passphrase) used to encode or decode a message or messages.

(Internet) A password restricting access to an IRC channel.

(education, figurative) answer key, an assorted list of solutions to problems or exercises in a test, textbook, etc.

(music, figurative) clef, a symbol found on a musical staff that indicates the pitches represented by the lines and the spaces on the staff.

(music, colloquial, figurative) chord, a harmonic set of three or more notes that is heard as if sounding simultaneously.

spanner, wrench: a hand tool for adjusting nuts and bolts.


kunci

(colloquial) Informal form of mengunci (“to lock”).


kasi

Blend of kepala (“head”) + seksi (“section”).


kasi

Alternative spelling of khasi (“eunuch”).


kasih

Inherited from Malay kasih, from Proto-Malayic *kasih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-qasiq (“mercy; pity; affection”), *qasiq (“pity, compassion, affection, love, sympathy, forgiveness”).
The sense of "to give" may be semantic extension from the action of loving into repaying or providing reciprocal affection.

inh

love, often referring to unconditional and compassionate love.

a deep caring for the existence of another

a profound and caring affection towards someone


kasih

head

kasih (active mengasih, passive dikasih)


kaus

Borrowed from Dutch kous (“stocking”), from Middle Dutch couse, from Picard Old French cauce, from Vulgar Latin calcea, from Latin calceus.


kaus

From Malay kaus,
from Classical Malay kaus, from Classical Persian کوش (kawš, “shoe, slipper”), an alternative form of کفش (kafš).


kaus

From Malay kaus,
from Classical Malay kaus, from Arabic قَوْس (qaws, “bow”).


kecap

Borrowed from Peranakan Indonesian ketjap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”). Cognate with Piawai Malay kicap.

bor+

soy sauce (a condiment and ingredient made from fermented soybeans)


kejam

(colloquial) brutal
violent, vicious, ruthless, cruel.


kejam

to close (eyes) (used in the form mengejamkan)


keju

From Malay keju, from Portuguese queijo, from Old Galician-Portuguese queijo, from Latin cāseus, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kwh₂et- (“to ferment, become sour”).


kepala

From Malay kepala, from Classical Malay: کڤالا (kepala), from Pali kapāla, from Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kapā́las, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kapā́las, from Proto-Indo-European *káp-ōl (“head, bowl”). Doublet of kopra.
* Sense of leader and chief is a semantic loan from Dutch hoofd via Malay.
* The computing sense is a semantic loan from English head.

(anatomy) head: the part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs.

Kepala suku

Kepala sekolah

(computing) head: part of a disk drive responsible for reading and writing data.


kilat

From Malay kilat (“lightning”), from Proto-Malayic *kilat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kilat, from Proto-Austronesian *likaC.

(literally) lightning: a flash of light produced by short-duration, high-voltage discharge of electricity within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the earth.


kursi

Inherited from Malay kursi (Standard Malay kerusi (“chair”)), from Arabic كُرْسِيّ (kursiyy). Compare to Baba Malay krosi, Javanese ꦏꦸꦂꦱꦶ (kursi).

an item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person.

(figurative) the seat or office of a person in authority.


merica

mêrica (canonical)
merica-merica (plural)

Inherited from Malay merica (“white pepper”), from Pali marica, from Sanskrit मरीच (marīca). Doublet of rica. Cognate of Hindi मिर्च (mirc, “pepper”).

inh+

the dried, unripe berries (peppercorns) of the plant which are commonly used as a spice and seasoning. They are either used whole, or in a ground or crushed form.


laba

From Malay laba,
from Classical Malay laba, from Sanskrit लाभ (lābha, “profit”).

laba sebelum pembentukan perseroan terbatas


kutub

Inherited from Malay kutub, from Arabic قطب.

Kutub Utara, Kutub Selatan

kutub positif, kutub negatif


utara

From Malay utara, from Sanskrit उत्तर (uttara).


utara

north (meteorology: of wind, from the north)


burung

→ Asilulu: burung

From Malay burung, from Classical Malay بوروڠ (burung), from Proto-Malayic *buruŋ.


langit

Inherited from Malay langit, from Proto-Malayic *laŋit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋit, from Proto-Austronesian *laŋiC. Compare Malagasy lanitra, Maori rangi.

sky (the atmosphere above a given point)


lapang

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">lapang</i>


terbang

From Malay terbang, from Proto-Malayic *-baŋ, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-baŋ.

to fly: to travel through the air, another gas or a vacuum, without being in contact with a grounded surface.


terbang

têrbang (canonical)
terbang-terbang (plural)

a Malay tambourine that is used in Islamic devotional music in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore.


layar

From Malay layar, from Proto-Malayic *layar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *layaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ (“sail”).

(nautical) sail (a piece of fabric attached to a boat)

screen: the viewing surface or area of a movie, or moving picture or slide presentation.


layar

Indo-Pacific sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus).

keeltail needlefish (Platybelone argalus).


lidah

Inherited from Malay lidah, from Proto-Malayic *dilah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (“tongue”), from Proto-Austronesian *dilaq (“to lick”).

tongue (the flexible muscular organ in the mouth that is used to move food around)

(zoology) speckled tonguesole (Cynoglossus puncticeps)


lisan

From Malay lisan, from Classical Malay lisan, from Arabic لِسَان (lisān, “tongue”).


lisan

verbal communication
verbal communication


lor

From Javanese lor (ꦭꦺꦴꦂ), from Old Javanese lor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lahud, from Proto-Austronesian *lahud. Doublet of laut.


bahaya

From Malay bahaya (“danger”), ultimately from Sanskrit भय (bhaya, “danger”).


putih

From Malay putih, from Classical Malay putih (“white”), from Proto-Malayic *putih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)putiq.

bright and colourless; reflecting equal quantities of all frequencies of visible light.

(figurative) pale or pallid, as from fear, illness, etc. (of face)


utas

Classifier for small and long objects like rope or string.


umum

From Malay umum, from Classical Malay عموم (umum), from Arabic عُمُوم (ʕumūm, “the public”).

usual; common: occurring or happening regularly or frequently.

Prevalent or widespread among a given class or area; common, usual.

Not limited in use or application; applicable to the whole or every member of a class or category.

Not limited to a specific class; miscellaneous, concerned with all branches of a given subject or area.

Pertaining to the people as a whole (as opposed to a private group).

public;
Open to all members of a community;


umur

From Malay umur, from Classical Malay umur, from Arabic عُمْر (ʕumr).


warta

From Malay warta, from Classical Malay ورتا (warta), from Javanese warta (ꦮꦂꦠ), from Old Javanese warta, wṛtta, from Sanskrit वार्त्ता (vārttā). Doublet of warita and berita.


yatim

From Malay yatim, from Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm).


zat

From Malay zat, dat, from Classical Malay zat, dat, dzat, dhat, from Arabic ذَات (ḏāt, “being, essence, substance, nature”).


manusia

From Malay manusia, from Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣyà, “human being”).

manusia serigala

manusia harimau

(fantasy, mythology, only in compounds) were- (indicates a person who changes shape into an animal)


puspa

From Malay puspa,
from Classical Malay puspa, from Sanskrit पुष्प (puṣpa).


buah

Inherited from Malay buah, from Old Malay vuaḥ, from Proto-Malayic *buah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq.
* The sense of result and outcome are probably semantic loan from Sanskrit फल (phala, “result, yield, consequence”, literally “fruit”). Compare with Tagalog bunga with both fruit and result senses, while Malay and subsequently Indonesian bunga means flower.

sl

a product of plant growth useful to man or animals

a sweet, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see next sense), even if it does not develop from a floral ovary

(literally) fruit:
a product of fertilization in a plant


buah

Classifier for anything generally concretely big and having volume, as well as abstract things.


mantega

alternative spelling of mentega (“butter”)


impi

Inherited from Malay impi, from Proto-Malayic *impi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hipi, from Proto-Austronesian *Sipi. Doublet of mimpi.

mengimpikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

terimpi-impi [reduplication + agentless action]


mula

From Malay mula, from Sanskrit मूल (mūla).


mulut

Inherited from Malay mulut, from Proto-Malayic *mulut.

The opening of a creature through which food is ingested.

The end of a river out of which water flows into a sea or other large body of water.


nabi

From Malay nabi, from Arabic نَبِيّ, نَبِيء (nabiyy, nabīʔ, “nabi, prophet”).

der

نَبِيّ, نَبِيء


naga

Inherited from Malay naga, from Sanskrit नाग (nāgá, “large snake”).


nuri

parrot (any bird of the family Psittaculidae)


nusa

Inherited from Malay nusa, from Proto-Malayic *nusa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nusa.


otak

From Malay otak, from utak, from Proto-Malayic *utək, *utak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hutək, *qutək, *qutak. Doublet of botak and kotak.


oto

Clipping of otomobil, from Dutch automobiel (“car”).

(dated or regional) car; automobile (a vehicle steered by a driver)


oleh

Inherited from Malay oleh, from Proto-Malayic *ulih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uliq.

Ikan dimakan oleh ibu.

indicates the person or thing that does or causes something: through the action or presence of

(archaic) indicates a means of achieving something: involving/using the means of

(uncommon) due to (caused by; resulting from; because of)

(indicating a family relationship, archaic) to (used to indicate the target or recipient of an action)

(archaic) for
towards; in the direction of

(archaic) for
directed at; intended to belong to

in order to help, benefit, gratify, honor etc. (someone or something)

befitting of someone’s beliefs, needs, wants, skills, or tastes; best suited to


oleh

by or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that

as is known, inferred, or determined from the fact that


getah

From Malay getah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gətəq (“sap, gummy secretion”), *-təq (“sap, gummy secretion”). Semantic loan from Dutch sap for the sense of biological fluid, biological juice.

inh

sap: the juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.

latex: the milky sap of several trees that coagulates on exposure to air; used to make rubber.

(biology) fluid, juice: a clear liquid believed to be a component of a humour or other bodily fluid (esp. plasma and lymph)


pecah

Inherited from Malay pecah, from Classical Malay ڤچه (pecah),
* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *peceq (“break into several large pieces; to hatch, of an egg”), from Proto-Austronesian *peceq (“break into several large pieces”). Cognate with Tagalog pisa and Hawaiian hoa.
* From Proto-Mon-Khmer *[p]cah (“to break”).


bambu

From Malay bambu, from Tamil வேம்பு (vēmpu). Cognate of Kannada ಬಂಬು (bambu).


kampung

From Malay kampung. Cognate of Minangkabau kampuang, Acehnese gampông.

the fourth-level administrative division, usually in rural area, below the kecamatan

Kampung Cina

Kampung Melayu

community (an area where a particular ethnic group inhabits)


kampung

(possibly derogatory) low, vulgar, old-fashioned, unsophisticated.


duri

From Malay duri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi.


menteri

id-noun

mêntêri (plural menteri-menteri or para menteri)

mêntêri (canonical)
menteri-menteri (plural)
para menteri (plural)

From Malay menteri, from Sanskrit मन्त्री (mantrī). Doublet of mandarin, manti, and mantri.

(government) minister (politician who heads a ministry)

(chess) queen (a chess piece that, under contemporary rules, is the most powerful)

(chess) bishop (the chess piece denoted ♗ or ♝)


penggiling

head

penggiling (countable, plural not attested)

/pəŋ.ɡɪ.lɪŋ/

One who flattens and fills things (such as roads).

A machine used to flatten and fill things (such as roads).

roller (any machine, tool or machine part)


giling

giling (active menggiling, passive digiling, perfective passive tergiling)

menggiling (active)
digiling (passive)
tergiling (passive perfective)

Inherited from Malay giling, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *giliŋ.


rambut

(colloquial) thread, filament, mane, body hair


sarung

From Malay sarung, from Classical Malay sarung, from Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saruŋ (“sheath, sheath-like container; to sheathe a weapon”).

inh+

sarong (garment made of printed cloth wrapped about the waist)


erti

From Malay erti, from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of arta, arti, and harta.

der

(rare or dated) synonym of arti (“meaning”)


erti

head

êrti (active mengerti, passive dimengerti)

êrti (canonical)
mengerti (active)
dimengerti (passive)

(transitive, intransitive) to understand


panca

From Malay panca, from Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


pasar

From Malay pasar (“market”), from Tamil பசார் (pacār, “bazaar”), from Classical Persian بازار (bāzār, “market”), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾl /wāzār/, “market”). Doublet of bazar.


pasar

→ Dutch: pasar

(linguistics) colloquial; vernacular; vulgar


pintu

(figurative) way: a method or manner of doing something.

gate: a passageway (as in an air terminal) where passengers can embark or disembark.


ribu

From Malay ribu, from Proto-Malayic *ribu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀibu.

(colloquial) million (when talking about currency, the Indonesian rupiah)


rokok

Aku baru saja membeli sebungkus rokok.


rotan

Affixed raut + -an, inherited from Malay rotan.

rattan (Any of several species of climbing palm of the genus Calamus.)


roti

From Malay roti, from Tamil ரொட்டி (roṭṭi), from Sanskrit रोटी (roṭī), रोटिका (roṭikā, “bread”).

bread: foodstuff made by baking dough made from cereals.


sakit

Inherited from Malay sakit, from Old Malay sākit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakit, *masakit. Compare Tagalog sakit, Waray-Waray sakit.

sakit hati

sakit perut

menyakiti [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menyakitkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mempersakiti [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]


sakar

From Malay sakar, probably via Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), from Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्कर (śárkarā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂.

sugar (sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink)

(medicine) blood sugar: the amount of glucose in a person's blood.


sakar

From Malay sakar, from Minangkabau [Term?].


selamat

From Malay selamat, from Arabic سَلَامَات (salāmāt), plural of سَلَام (salām).


selamat

Selamat Ulang Tahun!

Selamat Natal!

Selamat pagi

Selamat malam

Selamat makan


susu

Inherited from Malay susu, from Proto-Malayic *susu(ʔ) (“breast”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *susu, from Proto-Austronesian *susu. The current sense of "milk" is developed from "breast" (commonly displaced by payudara) → "breast milk" (now replaced by the specific term air susu ibu, literally "mother's milk water") → "milk" (generalized to all types of milk).

a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals to nourish their young. From certain animals, especially cows, it is also called dairy milk and is a common food for humans as a beverage or used to produce various dairy products such as butter, cheese, and yogurt.

a white (or whitish) liquid obtained from a vegetable source such as almonds, coconuts, oats, rice, and/or soy beans. Also called non-dairy milk.

Aku minum segelas susu setiap hari.

Kecil sekali susunya!

(now colloquial, vulgar) two organs on the front of a female chest.

(countable) breast
the analogous organs in other animals.


susu

Ibu itu sedang menyusui anaknya.


tahu

Inherited from Malay tahu, from Proto-Malayic *tahu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqu, from Proto-Austronesian *Caqu.

Aku belum tahu ujiannya kapan.

to know (to be justifiably certain or sure about)

Kakaknya tahu bahasa Jawa.

to know (to have the knowledge of; to understand)

Kamu tahu Andi dari siapa?

to know (to be acquainted or familiar with)


tahu

Dia tidak tahu bolos.

(literally, “He doesn't know (how to) skip school.”)

(colloquial, figurative, used in a negative phrase) once, yet


tahu

→ Ternate: tahu

From Malay tauhu, from Hokkien 豆腐 (tāu-hū, “tofu, bean curd”), from Middle Chinese 豆 (dùw, “bean”) + 腐 (bjú, “rotten, fermented”). Doublet of tofu.

Ibu sedang membuat tahu bacem.


tebu

From Malay tebu, from Proto-Malayic *təbu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təbuh, from Proto-Austronesian *təbuS.

sugar cane (species of grass whose sap is a source of sugar)


telur

From Malay telur, from Classical Malay telur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qitəluʀ, *qatəluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qiCəluʀ.

egg (object produced by various animals to house an embryo)

(specifically) egg (of a bird, especially a chicken, considered food)

(by extension) something egg-shaped, ovate


jati

Inherited from Malay jati, from Pali jāti, from Sanskrit जाति (jāti). Doublet of jadi, jata, and jelata.


jati

→ Dutch: djati, djatihout, djatiboom

→ Min Nan: 惹致 (jiá-tì)

Inherited from Malay jati, from Old Javanese jati, from Sanskrit जाति (jāti). Doublet of jadi, jata, and jelata.

Tectona grandis
Tectona grandis#Translingual


marga

* Ultimately from Pali magga (“oath; road”) and Sanskrit मार्ग (mārga, “reach, range; mark, scar; track of a wild animal”), vṛddhi derivative of मृग (mṛga, “game animal; deer”).
** Inherited from Malay marga (“wild animal”), from Classical Malay marga, from Old Malay margga (“track, way”) (as in Talang Tuwo inscription (684 CE), compare to Balinese ᬫᬵᬃᬕ᭄ᬕ), came from above.
** The sense of clan is a semantic loan from Toba Batak marga (“clan”), came from above.
** The sense of hamlet is a semantic loan from Musi marga (“hamlet”), came from above.
** The sense of road is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦩꦂꦒ (marga, “road”), came from above.
* The sense of family name is a semantic loan from Dutch familienaam (“family name”) as semantic extension of clan.
* The sense in taxonomy is a semantic loan from Dutch geslacht (“genus”, literally “linage, generation”) and Latin genus (literally “group; type, class; lineage, descent”) as semantic extension of clan.

sl

a group of people all descended from a common ancestor, in fact or belief.

(anthropology) clan:
specifically, the marga, Batak clan.

(historical) hamlet, a small village or a group of houses, in South Sumatra.

(biology, taxonomy) genus, a rank in the classification of organisms, below family and above species; a taxon at that rank.

Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga

Jasa Marga

(only in compounds) way, road, route, path


nadi

From Malay nadi, from Sanskrit नाडी (nāḍī, “blood vessel”), नड (naḍá, a species of reed), a corruption of नद (nadá, “river; penis”), Sanskrit नदी (nadī́, “flowing water, river”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *nadíH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadíH (“river”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ned-ih₂, from *ned- (“thundering, roaring, rushing”) + *-íh₂.

suf

(anatomy) artery: any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.

(anatomy) aorta: the great artery which carries the blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterial system.

(physiology) pulse: a normally regular beat felt when arteries are depressed, caused by the pumping action of the heart.


papan

From Malay papan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *papan (compare Maori papa).


papar

From Malay papar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *parpar (“flat, level”). Doublet of popor. Compare Hawaiian papa.


papar

hilt: the handle of a sword, consisting of grip, guard, and pommel, designed to facilitate use of the blade and afford protection to the hand.


ganda

From Sanskrit गण्ड (gaṇḍa, “whole cheek, side, joint”).


ganda

Borrowed from Sanskrit गन्ध (gandá, “scent, smell”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gandʰás (“smell”).


buaya

From Malay buaya, from Proto-Malayic *buhaya, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buqaya, from Proto-Austronesian *buqaya.

(figurative, slang) ellipsis of buaya darat (“playboy, womanizer”).


cita

From Malay cita, from Pali citta, from Sanskrit चित्त (citta). Doublet of cipta.

(archaic or obsolete) Synonym of kreativitas (“creativity”)

(archaic or obsolete) Synonym of cita-cita (“ambition, aspiration”)

(archaic or obsolete) Synonym of cinta (“love”)

(archaic or obsolete) Synonym of gagasan (“idea”)


cita

(archaic or obsolete) to create; to inwardly create


derma

From Malay derma, from Classical Malay derma (“alms”), from Sanskrit धर्म (dharma, “morality, religion, duty, law”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰármas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰármas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-mos, from *dʰer- (“to hold, support”). Doublet of darma and firma.

alms, something given to the poor as charity, such as money, clothing or food.


duli

From Malay duli, from Sanskrit धूलि (dhūli).

For example, Duli Syah Alam, etc.


gua

From Malay gua, from Sanskrit गुहा (guhā, “cave”).


gua

From Betawi Udik gua (“I, me, my”), from Chinese Hokkien 我 (góa, “I, me, my”). Doublet of gue.

(Jakarta, casual or informal) First-person singular pronoun: I, me, my


keti

From Malay keti, from Sanskrit कोटि (kōṭi, “ten million”). Doublet of kodi.

hundred thousand
hundred thousand#English


madu

Inherited from Malay madu, from Sanskrit मधु (mádhu).


madu

Inherited from Malay madu, from Old Javanese madu, maru (“co-wife, jealous”) (compare Indonesian mendua).
Comparable to Chinese 蜜 (mì, “honey, mistress”).

mistress, the other woman,
in polygyny relation.

mistress, the other woman,
(figurative) in other type of relation.

mistress, the other woman,
in other type of relation.


pada

From Malay pada, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pada (“same, equal, like”).


pada

adequate, enough, sufficient, satisfactory.


pada

(literature) pada: The basic metric unit of Vedic poetry, consisting of one line of verse in Sanskrit, typically as part of a four-line stanza.


pria

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रिय (priya, “beloved”). Doublet of priayi.


pugar

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦸꦒꦼꦂ (puger). Semantic loan from Dutch herstellingsteken for music sense of natural.


pugar

(music) natural: The symbol ♮ used to indicate such a natural note.


pugar

Borrowed from Minangkabau puga (“to hit”).


hidup

Inherited from Malay hidup, from Classical Malay hidup, from Old Malay hidup, from Proto-Malayic *hidup, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hudip by metathesis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudip, from Proto-Austronesian *qudip. Doublet of urip and urit.

To have permanent residence somewhere, to inhabit, to reside.

to live
To pass life in a specified manner.

To spend, as one's life; to pass; to maintain; to continue in, constantly or habitually.

(followed by dari) To maintain or support one's existence; to provide for oneself; to feed; to subsist.

running: Of a machine, to be operating or working normally.

(of foundation, orphanage etc, followed by dari or karena) sustained


hidup

alive: busy with activity of many living beings; swarming; thronged; busy.

immortal: not forgotten or never to be forgotten; that merits being always remembered.

(of painting or drawing) lifelike: looks alive


hidup

Hidup rakyat Indonesia!

viva; long live ... ! (used to express acclaim or support).


hiu

From Malay hiu (Standard yu), from Proto-Malayic *hiu, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hiu, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hiu, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qihu, from Proto-Austronesian *qiSu.


hisab

From Malay hisab, from Classical Malay hisab, from Arabic حِسَاب (ḥisāb, “calculation”).


ratna

From Sanskrit रत्न (rátna, “jewel, gem”).

jewel, A precious or semi-precious stone; gem, gemstone.


jauhar

From Malay jauhar, from Arabic جَوْهَر (jawhar), from Classical Persian گوهر (gawhar).


ratu

From Malay ratu, from Old Javanese ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Doublet of datu and datuk.
* Semantic loan from Javanese ratu (ꦫꦠꦸ).
* For sense of the most powerful piece in chess, semantic loan from Dutch koningin.
* For sense of powerful or forceful female, semantic loan from English queen.

queen:
powerful or forceful female person

(chess) the most powerful piece, able to move any number of spaces horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.


serba

From classical form of sarwa, from Sanskrit सर्व (sarva, “every”). Doublet of sarwa and seru.


seri

From Dutch serie (“series”), from French série, from Latin series.

a number of things that follow on one after the other or are connected one after the other.

(broadcasting) a television or radio program which consists of several episodes that are broadcast in regular intervals.

a work, such as a work of fiction, published in installments, often numbered and without a specified end.

a publication issued in successive parts, often numbered and with no predetermined end.


seri

From Malay seri, possibly from Old Javanese sari (“continuously; constantly”). Compare Old Javanese asari (“delay”), Indonesian sari (“daily”).

der

even on equal monetary terms; neither owing nor being owed.


seri

From Malay seri, from Sanskrit श्री (śrī).


suci

suci (root)
menyuci (active)
tersuci (active involuntary)
disuci (active involuntary passive)
suci (active)
sucilah (active)
menyucikan (active applicative causative)
tersucikan (applicative causative)
disucikan (applicative causative passive)
sucikan (applicative causative)
sucikanlah (applicative causative)
mempersucikan (active applicative causative)
terpersucikan (applicative causative)
dipersucikan (applicative causative passive)
persucikan (applicative causative)
persucikanlah (applicative causative)

From Malay suci, from Pali suci, from Sanskrit शुचि (śuci). Doublet of cuci.


tani

Inherited from Malay tani, from Tamil தானி (tāṉi, “place”), from Pali ṭhāna (“place”), from Sanskrit स्थान (sthāna).


tani

(archaic) ropes on the boat to secure the mast.


tani

(colloquial) pirate (illegally imitated or reproduced, said of a trademarked product or copyrighted work, or of the counterfeit itself)


berat

From Malay berat, from Proto-Malayic *bərat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀəqat. Doublet of bobot.

Akibat kecelakaan itu, dia terkena luka berat.

Because of the accident, he got serious injury.


beras

From Malay beras, from Proto-Malayic *bəras, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀas, from Proto-Austronesian *bəʀas.


bibir

From Malay bibir, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bibiʀ.

(literally) either of the two fleshy protrusions around the opening of the mouth.


arus

From Malay arus, from Proto-Malayic *harus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀus. Semantic loan from Dutch stroom (“electrical current”, literally “flow; small stream”).

sl

The generally unidirectional movement of a gas or fluid.

flow, stream: The part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction.

(electricity, electronics) electric current: the amount of electric charge flowing in each unit of time.

Movement in people or things characterized with a continuous motion, involving either a non solid mass or a multitude.

The movement of a real or figurative fluid.

circulation: The extent to which anything circulates or is circulated.


pinggan

Inherited from Malay pinggan, from Classical Persian پنگان (pingān, “cup; bowl”).

der

Baginya, maju perang tanpa strategi dan mengandalkan kenekatan belaka, ibarat mengantarkan kepala kepada musuh di atas sebuah pinggan emas.

2014, Irma Devita Purnamasari, Sang Patriot: Sebuah Epos Kepahlawanan [The Patriot: An Epic of Heroism] (fiction), MDP Press, →ISBN, page 73:

For him, advancing war without strategy and relying entirely on dauntlessness is akin to delivering [his own] head to the enemy on a golden plate.

di mana pinggan pecah, di sana tembikar tinggal

seperti pinggan dengan mangkuk, salah sedikit hendak berantuk


pusa

Inherited from Malay pusa (“urge, impuls”). The sense of physical momentum is a semantic loan from Dutch impuls.

inh+

(mechanics) momentum: of a body in motion: the tendency of a body to maintain its inertial motion; the product of its mass and velocity.


putra

From Malay putera, from Sanskrit पुत्र (putra).

Coordinate term: putri

Pebulu tangkis tunggal putra


fiche

Unadapted borrowing from French fiche (“card (in a file); record”).

ubor

(information science) card, like a punch card, microfiche or file card


ardi

Inherited from Malay ardi (“mountain”), from Old Javanese ardi, adri (“mountain”), from Sanskrit अद्रि (adri, “rock, stone; mountain”).


ardi

Inherited from Malay ardi (“earth”), from Arabic أَرْض (ʔarḍ, “earth”), from Proto-Semitic *ʾarṣ́-.


TMT

terhitung mulai tanggal
terhitung mulai tanggal#Indonesian

teman makan teman
teman makan teman#Indonesian

(colloquial) Initialism of teman makan teman.


kuku

From Malay kuku, from Proto-Malayic *kuku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kukuh, from Proto-Austronesian *kuSkuS.

(anatomy) a curved, pointed horny nail on each digit of the foot of a mammal, reptile, or bird.

a mechanical device resembling a claw, used for gripping or lifting.

(anatomy) hoof: the tip of a toe of an ungulate such as a horse, ox or deer, strengthened by a thick keratin covering.


pilih

pilih (root)
memilih (active)
terpilih (active involuntary)
dipilih (active involuntary passive)
pilih (active)
pilihlah (active)
memilihi (active locative)
terpilihi (involuntary locative)
dipilihi (involuntary locative passive)
pilihi (locative)
pilihilah (locative)
memilihkan (active applicative causative)
terpilihkan (applicative causative)
dipilihkan (applicative causative passive)
pilihkan (applicative causative)
pilihkanlah (applicative causative)
memperpilih (active causative)
terperpilih (active causative involuntary)
diperpilih (active causative involuntary passive)
perpilih (active causative)
perpilihlah (active causative)
memperpilihi (active causative locative)
terperpilihi (causative involuntary locative)
diperpilihi (causative involuntary locative passive)
perpilihi (causative locative)
perpilihilah (causative locative)
memperpilihkan (active applicative causative)
terperpilihkan (applicative causative)
diperpilihkan (applicative causative passive)
perpilihkan (applicative causative)
perpilihkanlah (applicative causative)

From Malay pilih, Proto-Malayic *pilih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *piliq, from Proto-Austronesian *piliq.


saus

From Dutch saus (compare to Afrikaans sous), from Middle Dutch sause, from Old French sauce, from Latin salsus (“salt”).

Elemen cita rasa sajian Thailand terdiri dari empat rasa: manis, pedas, asam (dari cuka, air jeruk nipis, dan air asam), dan asin (dari kecap asin, saus ikan).

Thailand cuisine consist of four tastes, i.e. sweet, hot, sour (from vinegar, lime and sour liquid) and salty (from salted soy sauce, fish sauce).

(cooking) sauce, a liquid (often thickened) condiment or accompaniment to food.


lubang

From Malay lubang, from Proto-Malayic *lubaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lubaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *lubaŋ (“burial pit”). Doublet of lowong and luang.

(physics) in semiconductors, a lack of an electron in an occupied band behaving like a positively charged particle.

lubang pohon


anggap

From Malay anggap, from Classical Malay اڠڬڤ (anggap), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *agəp (compare Maori ako).


anggap

to invite, to ask for dancing or drinking


taruh

From Malay taruh, from Proto-Malayic *taruh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀuq.


perahu

pêrahu (canonical)
perahu-perahu (plural)

Inherited from Malay perahu, from Proto-Malayic *pArahu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀaqu (compare Tongan folau).


luak

Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦸꦮꦏ꧀ (luwak), from Old Javanese luwak (“civet-cat”).

Paradoxurus hermaphroditus
Paradoxurus hermaphroditus#Translingual

Asian palm civet, toddy cat (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus).


luak

Borrowed from Minangkabau luak (“well”). Doublet of lurah.


penuh

From Malay penuh, from Proto-Malayic *pənuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pənuq, from Proto-Austronesian *pəNuq.

containing the maximum possible amount that can fit in the space available.


tunjuk

From Malay tunjuk,
from Classical Malay tunjuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuzuk, compare Malagasy toro. Doublet of telunjuk.


buluh

From Malay buluh, from Proto-Malayic *buluh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buluq (compare Malagasy volo), from Proto-Austronesian *buluq.

(botany) culm (the stem of a plant, especially of grass or sedge)


guruh

From Malay guruh, from kuruh, from Proto-Malayic *kuruh (compare Malay guruh), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀuq (compare Chamorro hulu, Fijian kuru).


kain

From Malay kain, from Classical Malay کاءين, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kain (“woman's skirt”).


penyu

From Malay penyu, from Proto-Malayic *pəñu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pəñu, from Proto-Austronesian *pəñu.

sea turtle (any turtle that inhabits oceans)


lumut

From Malay lumut, from Proto-Malayic *lumut, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *lumut, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *lumut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumut.


putus

* From Malay putus, from Classical Malay putus, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?].
* Semantic loan from English break up for sense “break up”.


putus

putus kontrak

putus asa

... jadi kita putus

(figurative) To end a relationship; break up.


mutu

From Malay mutu, probably Tamil முது (mutu, “vast knowledge”).


mutu

Probaly from Tamil முத்து (muttu, “pearl, tears”).


kemudian

Affixed of mudi + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kemudian, from Old Malay kamudyan (attested in Laguna Copperplate Inscription). Mudi is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)udəhi (compare Fijian muri). Cognate with Minangkabau kudian.


luah

Inherited from Malay luah, from Proto-Malayic *luah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luaq (compare Fijian lua, Malagasy lua, Maori ruaki).

nausea: a feeling of illness or discomfort in the digestive system, usually characterized by a strong urge to vomit.


luah

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese lwah (“river”) (compare to Javanese ꦭꦺꦴꦃ (loh) and Balinese ᬮᬸᬯᬄ (luah)).

lbor

(agriculture) the volume of liquid flowing through a surface per unit time


hidung

From Malay hidung, from Proto-Malayic *hiduŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ijuŋ, *ujuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *mujiŋ.


tolong

head

tolong (base form, active menolong, passive ditolong)

From Malay tolong, from Classical Malay tolong, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuluŋ (“to help, to assist”). Cognate of Tagalog tulong.


taci

From Malay taci, from Hokkien 大姊 (tōa-chí, “elder sister”).


takut

From Malay takut, from Proto-Malayic *takut (compare Malay takut), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)takut (compare Maori mataku, Rapa Nui mataku, Tagalog takot), from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)takut.


tumbuh

From Malay tumbuh, from Classical Malay tumbuh, from Proto-Malayic *tumbuh, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *tumbuh, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tubuq, from Proto-Austronesian *Cubuq. Doublet of tubuh.

(intransitive) to grow (to become bigger)


nanah

Inherited from Malay nanah, from Proto-Malayic *nanah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nanaq, from Proto-Austronesian *naNaq.

pus (fluid found in regions of infection)


dahi

(anatomy) forehead (part of face above eyebrows)


daun

From Malay daun, from Proto-Malayic *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.


bukit

From Malay bukit, from Proto-Malayic *bukit, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bukit, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bukit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukij, from Proto-Austronesian *bukij.


ucap

ucap (root)
berucap (active)
terucap (active involuntary)
diucap (active involuntary passive)
ucap (active)
ucaplah (active)
mengucapkan (active applicative causative)
terucapkan (applicative causative)
diucapkan (applicative causative passive)
ucapkan (applicative causative)
ucapkanlah (applicative causative)
memperucapkan (active applicative causative)
terperucapkan (applicative causative)
diperucapkan (applicative causative passive)
perucapkan (applicative causative)
perucapkanlah (applicative causative)
ucap (root)
mengucap (active)
terucap (active involuntary)
diucap (active involuntary passive)
ucap (active)
ucaplah (active)
mengucapi (active locative)
terucapi (involuntary locative)
diucapi (involuntary locative passive)
ucapi (locative)
ucapilah (locative)
mengucapkan (active applicative causative)
terucapkan (applicative causative)
diucapkan (applicative causative passive)
ucapkan (applicative causative)
ucapkanlah (applicative causative)
memperucap (active causative)
terperucap (active causative involuntary)
diperucap (active causative involuntary passive)
perucap (active causative)
perucaplah (active causative)
memperucapi (active causative locative)
terperucapi (causative involuntary locative)
diperucapi (causative involuntary locative passive)
perucapi (causative locative)
perucapilah (causative locative)
memperucapkan (active applicative causative)
terperucapkan (applicative causative)
diperucapkan (applicative causative passive)
perucapkan (applicative causative)
perucapkanlah (applicative causative)

From Malay ucap, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?].


langau

Inherited from Malay langau, from Classical Malay langau, from Proto-Malayic *laŋaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋaw.


ulat

From Malay ulat, from Proto-Malayic *hulət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quləj, from Proto-Austronesian *quləj.

caterpillar (young of a butterfly or moth)

any of various tubular invertebrates resembling maggot

Harga ulat itu di pasaran mampu menembus Rp 75 ribu/ kilogram, sehingga potensial jadi sumber pemasukan keluarga. Selain ulat itu sendiri, kotorannya pun potensial menghasilkan rupiah karena mampu disulap jadi pupuk tanaman.

2019 September 7, Royce Wijaya, “Kotoran Ulat Hongkong Dibuat Jadi Pupuk [Excrement from Hong Kong Worms (Mealworms) Made Into Fertilizer]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2019-09-12:

The market price of the worms is able to reach Rp 75,000 per kilogram, making it a potential source of family income. Besides the worms, its excrement also has the potential of generating income because it can be transformed into plant fertilizer.


kabut

From Malay kabut, from Proto-Malayic *kabut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kabut. Doublet of kabut. Cognate of Indonesian kabus.

A fog; a thick cloud that reduces visbility, and forms near ground level.


tinjau

Inherited from Malay tinjau, from Classical Malay tinjau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?] (compare Maori tiro, Malagasy tsinju (“to be gazed , to be perceived”), Javanese ꦠꦶꦚ꧀ꦗꦺꦴ (tinjo, “to visit”).


Agatha

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἀγαθή (Agathḗ), feminine of ἀγαθός (agathós, “good”).

a female given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Agatha


labah

Nonstandard form of laba-laba (“spider”).


untung

From Malay untung, from Classical Malay ontong, untung, from Proto-Malayic *untuŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *utuŋ.

synonym of faedah, guna, manfaat (“use”)


pusat

Inherited from Malay pusat, from Proto-Malayic *pusət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pusəj.

the point in the interior of a circle or sphere that is equidistant from all points on the circumference.

a place where the greater part of some function or activity occurs.

(anatomy) navel: the indentation or bump remaining in the abdomen of mammals where the umbilical cord was attached before birth.


tengar

têngar (canonical)
tengar-tengar (plural)

Inherited from Malay tengar, from Proto-Malayic *təŋər, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təŋəʀ.


tuju

Inherited from Malay tuju, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuzu.


kumis

From Malay kumis, from Proto-Malayic *kumis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kumis.


SPP

surat persetujuan pembayaran
surat persetujuan pembayaran#Indonesian

(business) Initialism of surat persetujuan pembayaran.

(education) Initialism of sumbangan pembinaan pendidikan.

surat perjanjian penerbitan
surat perjanjian penerbitan#Indonesian

(printing) Initialism of surat perjanjian penerbitan.

Initialism of surat permintaan pembayaran.


tempura

Borrowed from Japanese 天麩羅 (てんぷら, tenpura), from Portuguese, ultimately from Latin. Different dictionaries link two different original terms:
* Portuguese tempero (“seasoning”) or tempera (“he/she/it seasons; season!”), third-person present singular or imperative tense of temperar (“to season, to temper”), from Latin temperare (“to mix, to temper”).
* Portuguese têmpora (“Ember days”), from Latin tempora, plural of tempus (“time; period”). When Portuguese explorers (mostly Jesuit missionaries) arrived in Japan, they abstained from eating beef, pork, and poultry during the Ember days, a Catholic series of holidays. Instead, they ate fried vegetables and fish. This was the first contact of the Japanese with fried food, and since then they began associating the Portuguese word têmpora (which they pronounced tenpura) with such food.

(cooking) A Japanese dish made by deep-frying vegetables, seafood, or other foods in a light batter.

Daijirin
Daijisen
Ember days
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
id:tempura
ja:松村明


aga

From Malay aga, from Classical Malay اڬ (aga).


aga

to look with the intention of laughing or challenging


ajal

From Malay ajal (“death, demise”), from Classical Malay اجل (ajal), from Arabic أَجَل (ʔajal).
* The sense of deadline is a semantic loan from Arabic أَجَل (ʔajal).

demise: the end of one's allotted lifespan.


dumping

(trading) dumping: selling goods at less than their normal price, especially in the export market as a means of securing a monopoly.


SMP

sekolah menengah pertama
sekolah menengah pertama#Indonesian

junior high school
junior high school#English

secondary school
secondary school#English

Initialism of sekolah menengah pertama. (corresponding to junior high school (US) or lower secondary school (UK))


pending

embossed plate of metal (e.g. gold or silver) covering a clasp through which a belt/girdle passes, worn as an ornament in front of the body.


pintar

head

pintar (comparative lebih pintar, superlative paling pintar or terpintar, equative sepintar)

lebih pintar (comparative)
paling pintar (superlative)
terpintar (superlative)
sepintar (equative)

From Malay pintar, from Javanese ꦥꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦂ (pinter, “clever”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *piː(n)ðər.

Exhibiting social ability or cleverness.

Exhibiting intellectual knowledge, such as that found in books.

Equipped with intelligent behaviour (digital/computer technology).


dirigisme

Borrowed from Dutch dirigisme, from French dirigisme.

(politics) dirigisme: a policy of strong state control over the economy and related social matters.


noblesse oblige

id-noun

noblesse oblige (plural noblesse-noblesse oblige)

Unadapted borrowing from French noblesse oblige (literally “nobility obliges”).

ubor

noblesse oblige: the honourable obligation that is the responsibility of those of high rank; this often includes the expectation of benevolent actions such as helping those less fortunate.


mimbar

(figurative) forum, place to express idea.


maju

Affixed meng- + aju, inherited from Malay maju.


arde

From Dutch aarde (“earth”), from Middle Dutch āerde, from Old Dutch ertha, from Proto-Germanic *erþō. Cognate to Afrikaans aarde.

kabel arde


aur

From Malay aur, from Proto-Malayic *haur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qauʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qauʀ.


wong

From Javanese ꦮꦺꦴꦁ (wong, “human, person”), from Old Javanese woṅ, wwaṅ, from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dauŋ or ʀauŋ. Doublet of orang and bong. Cognate of Balinese wong (ᬯᭀᬂ).

(colloquial) synonym of orang (“human, person”).


strategi

stratégi (canonical)
strategi-strategi (plural)

From Dutch strategie, from French stratégie, from Old French strategie, from Ancient Greek στρατηγία (stratēgía, “office of general, command, generalship”).


lup

From Dutch loep (“magnifying glass”), from French loupe, from Old French loupe (“sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal”), from Frankish *luppa (“something pendulous”), from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”), *lub- (“to peel, hang”), from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”).

magnifying glass
magnifying glass#English


prah

From Dutch vracht (“freight, mass”), from Middle Dutch vracht, from Middle Low German vracht, vrecht (“payment for cargo”), from Old Saxon frāht, frēht, from Proto-Germanic *fra- + *aihtiz.

(colloquial) freight, goods or items in transport.


gondol

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦭ꧀ (gondhol).

bor+

(dialect, Java, figurative) to pilfer, to steal, to swipe


puja

From Malay puja, from Sanskrit पूजा (pūjā). Doublet of puji.


kabana

From English cabana, from Spanish cabaña, from Old Spanish cabanna, from Late Latin cabanna, capanna, of uncertain origin; possibly a metathesis of Latin canaba. Doublet of kabin and kabinet.

cabana: a shelter on a beach or at a swimming pool.


dorong

dorong (root)
mendorong (active)
terdorong (active involuntary)
didorong (active involuntary passive)
dorong (active)
doronglah (active)
mendorongkan (active applicative causative locative)
didorongkan (applicative causative locative passive)
dorongkan (applicative causative locative)
dorongkanlah (applicative causative locative)


ketel

From Dutch ketel, from Middle Dutch ketel, from Old Dutch *ketil, from Proto-Germanic *katilaz, from Late Latin catillus.

kettle, cauldron (a pot used to boil water)


kup

From Dutch coupé (“coupé”), from French coupé (an elliptical form of carosse coupé (“cut carriage”)), the past participle of couper (“to cut”). Doublet of kupe.


kup

From Dutch coup, from French coup (“blow, strike”), from Old French colp, from Vulgar Latin *colpus, from Latin colaphus, from Ancient Greek κόλαφος (kólaphos).


spet

alternative spelling of sepuit (“syringe”).


eden

From Dutch Eden, from Middle Dutch eden, from Latin Eden, from Biblical Hebrew עֵדֶן (ʿḗden), from Akkadian 𒂊𒁲𒉡 (edinu, “plain, lowland; wilds, steppes; land naturally irrigated, untouched fertile land”), from Sumerian 𒂔 (eden, “plain, open country”). Doublet of adnan.


teko

zh-l

茶鈷／茶钴 (tê-kó͘, têe-kó͘)


sapo

Unknown, possibly from Japanese しゃぶしゃぶ (shabushabu); onomatopoeic, resembling the sound emitted when the ingredients are stirred in the pot.


profesor

Borrowed from Dutch professor, from Middle Dutch professoor, from Latin professor (“declarer, person who claims knowledge”), from the past participle stem of profiteor (“profess”).

der

professor (the most senior rank for an academic at a university or similar institution)


carte de visite

id-noun

carte de visite (plural carte-carte de visite)

Unadapted borrowing from French carte de visite (“visiting card”).


wara

From Javanese ꦮꦫ (wara, “words”),
* from Old Javanese wiwarana, ultimately from Sanskrit विवरण (vivaraṇa).
* from Old Javanese warah (“communication, information, report, instruction, teaching”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bajaq.


hama

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦩ (ama, “insect pest, plant disease; public nuisance”), probably from Sanskrit अम (ama, “disease”).


persil

pèrsil (canonical)
persil-persil (plural)

From Dutch perceel, from Middle Dutch perceel, from older parcheel, from Old French parcelle, from Late Latin particella, from Latin particula. Doublet of partikel and parsel.


audiovisual

Borrowed from English audiovisual. By surface analysis, audio + visual.

audiovisual (containing both aural and visual elements)


joli

From Javanese ꦗꦺꦴꦭꦶ (joli, “palanquin”), from Old Javanese joli (“palanquin”), from Sanskrit दोला (dolā, “litter”).


restan

rèstan (canonical)
restan-restan (plural)

From Dutch restant, from French restant.

(colloquial, somewhat dated) remnant, remainder


ancien régime

id-noun

ancien régime (plural ancien-ancien régime)

Unadapted borrowing from French ancien régime (“former government”)


segel

From Dutch zegel, from Middle Dutch sēgel, from Old Dutch *sigil, from Latin sigillum. Doublet of sijil.


paradiso

Borrowed from Italian paradiso, from Latin paradīsus, from Ancient Greek παράδεισος (parádeisos), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah. Doublet of firdaus. Compare Tagalog paraiso.


saka

From Malay saka, from Pali saka (“name of a tree (Tectona grandis)”), from Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “branch, door post”).


saka

(clipping) Alternative spelling of pusaka (“heirloom, inheritance”).


saka

From Minangkabau [Term?], probably from Sanskrit सखा (sakhā), सखि (sakhi, “friend, assistant, brother-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sákʰā, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷH- (“friend, companion”), from *sekʷ- (“follow”). Doublet of saki.

the customary rank of the people who are hereditary.


saka

From Minangkabau [Term?], from Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्कर (śárkarā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂. Doublet of sakar (“sugar”).


BU

(medicine, surgery) Initialism of bising usus (“peristalsis”).


ranting

branch of an organization in village level


wangi

Borrowed from Old Javanese wangi (from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baŋəhih, from Proto-Austronesian *baŋəSiS).


alur

Inherited from Malay alur, from Proto-Malayic *halur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qaluʀ, from the root *-luʀ.

Ellipsis of alur air: water source located in the middle of agricultural land, ie. irrigation.


RL

(accounting) Initialism of risalah lelang (“auction report”).


MK

mahkamah konstitusi
mahkamah konstitusi#Indonesian

(government, law) Initialism of mahkamah konstitusi.


blok

From Dutch blok (“block”), from Middle Dutch blok, from Old Dutch *blok, from Proto-Germanic *blukką, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“thick plank, beam, pile, prop”). Cognate of Afrikaans blok.
* Semantic loan from English block for sense of (sport) an action to interfere.

substantial often approximately cuboid piece.

group of buildings demarcated by streets.

(sports) an action to interfere with the movement of an opposing player or of the object of play (ball, puck).

(nautical) a case with one or more sheaves/pulleys, used with ropes to increase or redirect force, for example, as part of the rigging of a sailing ship.

(anesthesiology, neurology) deliberate interruption of signals traveling along a nerve, often for the purpose of pain relief.

(colloquial) something that prevents something from passing.

bloc: a group of countries acting together for political or economic goals.


parut

(dermatology, pathology) cicatrice, scar: a permanent mark on the skin, sometimes caused by the healing of a wound.

(pathology) scar: an area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue after an injury.


SKS

satuan kredit semester
satuan kredit semester#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of satuan kredit semester (“course credit”).

sistem kebut semalam
sistem kebut semalam#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of sistem kebut semalam (“overnight cramming”, literally “overnight rush system”).


gir

Borrowed from English gear. Compare to Standard Malay géar.

gear (particular combination or choice of interlocking gears)


giri

From Javanese ꦒꦶꦫꦶ (giri, “mountain”), from Old Javanese giri (“mountain”), from Sanskrit गिरि (giri, “mountain”).


magasin

From Dutch magazijn, from French magasin, from Arabic مَخَازِن (maḵāzin, “storerooms, storehouses”).

a chamber in a firearm enabling multiple rounds of ammunition to be fed into the firearm.


Louisa

Grace Natalie Louisa, b. 1982

a female given name from English, equivalent to English Louisa


matros

From Dutch matroos, from French matelot, from Middle Dutch mattenoot.


duk

From Dutch doek, from Middle Dutch doec, from Old Dutch *duok, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.

a piece of cloth:
(surgery, colloquial) drape.


sita

→ Min Nan: 詩礁 /诗礁 (si-ta)

Makanan dan minuman dari luar akan disita.

Food and drinks [brought] from outside will be confiscated.


regulator

a device that controls or limits something.

(Standard Malay)

a person or group that sets standards of practice, especially those established by law.

a very accurate clock, used by clockmakers to measure the timekeeping of each newly made clock.

(genetics) a gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes.


Sulawesi

→ English: Sulawesi

→ Dutch: Sulawesi

Sulawesi (an island in Indonesia, the world's eleventh-largest island)


sparing

(colloquial) to practice for martial arts or hand-to-hand combat.


segan

Yang segan bertanya akan sesat di jalan.

Those who are unwilling to ask will go astray.

Gadis itu segan untuk makan dengan orang-orang yang tidak dikenalnya.

That girl is shy to eat with people she doesn’t know.

Semua murid segan kepada guru itu.


sangkut

sangkut (root)
menyangkut (active)
tersangkut (active involuntary)
disangkut (active involuntary passive)
sangkut (active)
sangkutlah (active)
menyangkutkan (active applicative causative)
tersangkutkan (applicative causative)
disangkutkan (applicative causative passive)
sangkutkan (applicative causative)
sangkutkanlah (applicative causative)
mempersangkutkan (active applicative causative)
terpersangkutkan (applicative causative)
dipersangkutkan (applicative causative passive)
persangkutkan (applicative causative)
persangkutkanlah (applicative causative)

From Malay sangkut, from Proto-Malayic *saŋkut, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saŋkut (“entangled, caught up in, involved, embroiled”).


umbi

Inherited from Malay umbi, a doublet of ubi, from Proto-Malayic *hubi (“yam”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qubi.

tuber, corm (thickened underground stem of plant)


Valerie

Borrowed from English Valerie, from French Valérie.

Agatha Valerie Mamahit, b. 1999

a female given name from English [in turn from French]


kapel

From Dutch kapel, from Middle Dutch capelle, ultimately from Latin cappella. Doublet of kapela.

(Christianity, Roman Catholicism) chapel: a place of worship, smaller than or subordinate to a church.


paus

From Malay paus, from Proto-Malayic *paus, of unknown origin. Compare Minangkabau pauih.

unknown

unknown

Paus biru adalah mamalia terbesar.


paus

From Dutch paus, from Middle Dutch paus, paues, pauwes, from Old French papes (compare German Papst), from Medieval Latin pāpa (“bishop, pope”), from Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas, “bishop”), variant of πάππας (páppas, “father”), of imitative origin.

Paus adalah pemimpin tertinggi Gereja Katolik.

Pope is the highest leader of the Catholic Church.


kanker

kankêr (canonical)
kanker-kanker (plural)

From Dutch kanker (“cancer”), from Middle Dutch canker, from New Latin cancer. Cognate of Afrikaans kanker. Doublet of Kanser.

(oncology) cancer (disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation).


graver

From Dutch graveur, from French graveur.


serai

Cymbopogon citratus
Cymbopogon citratus#Translingual


beton

Borrowed from Dutch beton, from French béton, from Latin bitūmen. Doublet of bitumen.

(real estate) concrete (a building material created by mixing cement, water, and aggregate such as gravel and sand)


beton

head

bêton (active membeton, passive dibeton)

bêton (canonical)
membeton (active)
dibeton (passive)

to concrete (to cover with or encase in concrete (building material))


beton

Reconstructed as batu + -an, from Javanese ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (beton). Doublet of batuan.


gering

Inherited from Malay gering (“sick”), from Javanese ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ (gering, “languishing, sickly; thin, emaciated; sick”), from Old Javanese gĕriṅ, griṅ (“illness, affliction”).


auditor

From Dutch auditor, from Latin audītor (“hearer, auditor”). Doublet of oditur.

auditor:
one who audits bookkeeping accounts

in many jurisdictions, an elected or appointed public official in charge of the public accounts; a comptroller


nak

abbreviation of hendak (“to want; to will”).


segara

From Malay segara, from Sanskrit सागर (sāgara).


mirin

From Japanese 味醂 (みりん, mirin), from 味 (み, mi, “flavour (UK); flavor (US)”) + 醂 (りん, rin, “remove astringency; bleach in water”).

(cooking) mirin, a type of Japanese sake used for cooking


uap

From Malay wap, uap, from Classical Malay هواب (huab), اواڤ (uap), واڤ (wap), from Proto-Malayic *uap, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)huab, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)Suab, *(ma-)Suaw. Doublet of kuap.


kalem

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦊꦩ꧀ (kalem), from Dutch kalm.


aikido

Borrowed from Japanese 合(あい)気(き)道(どう) (aikidō, “aikido”, literally “way of adapting the spirit”), from 合(あい) (ai, “together, unify”) + 気(き) (ki, “spirit; breath”) + 道(どう) (dō, “way”).


Cynthia

Borrowed from English Cynthia, from Latin Cynthia.

a female given name from English [in turn from Latin]


RSJ

rumah sakit jiwa
rumah sakit jiwa#Indonesian

Initialism of rumah sakit jiwa (“psychiatric hospital”).


leka

Inherited from Malay ليک (léka, “careless”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">léka</i>


leka

(dialect, Jambi) the thin round wooden base for placing the pot


leka

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लेख (lekha).


Clarissa

Clarissa Goenawan, b. 1988

a female given name from Italian, equivalent to English Clarissa


maharani

Affixed maha- + rani, from Malay maharani, from Sanskrit महा (mahā, “great”) + रानी (rānī, “queen”).

com

(obsolete) the wife of a maharajah; approximately, a queen consort.


bola

From Malay bola, from Portuguese bola, from Old Occitan bola, from Latin bulla. Doublet of bolu.

ball, a solid or hollow sphere, or roughly spherical mass.

(mathematics) sphere: a regular three-dimensional object in which every cross-section is a circle; the figure described by the revolution of a circle about its diameter.


maho

Blend of manusia (“man”) + homo (“homosexual”).


kati

From Malay kati, from Tamil கட்டி (kaṭṭi).

A weight defined as 6¼ ons or 625 grams.


stempel

stèmpêl (canonical)
stempel-stempel (plural)

From Dutch stempel (“stamp, seal”). Compare to German Stempel.


orde

From Dutch orde, from Middle Dutch ordene, from Old French ordene, from Latin ordō, ordinem. Doublet of rodi, order, ordi, ordo, and wardi.

doublet

a decoration, awarded by a government, a dynastic house, or a religious body to an individual, usually for distinguished service to a nation or to humanity.

a group of religious adherents, especially monks or nuns, set apart within their religion by adherence to a particular rule or set of principles

conformity with law or decorum; freedom from disturbance; general tranquillity; public quiet.

order,
arrangement, disposition, or sequence.
a command.

orde lama

orde baru

reaksi orde dua

(chemistry) the overall power of the rate law of a chemical reaction, expressed as a polynomial function of concentrations of reactants and products.

(mathematics) the cardinality, or number of elements in a set, group, or other structure regardable as a set.


kasus

From Dutch casus, from Latin cāsus (“chance, event”), the past participle of cadō (“to fall, happen”).

case (an actual event, situation, or fact)

grammatical case
grammatical case#English

(linguistics, grammar) case (grammatical case)

(medicine, epidemiology) case (an instance of a specific condition or set of symptoms)

(uncommon) synonym of contoh (“example”)

(uncommon) synonym of masalah, soal, or perkara.


filateli

Perhaps from Dutch filatelie, from French philatélie.

stamp collecting
stamp collecting#English

philately (the study of postage stamps, postal routes, postal history, etc.)


cagar

Inherited from Malay cagar, from Old Javanese cagĕr (“to guarantee, ensure”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *gar, *cgar, *cgaːr (“to fence, to enclose”).
* The sense of reserve, preserve is semantic loan from Javanese ꦕꦒꦂ (cagar, “preservation”), from the same Old Javanese cagĕr (“to guarantee, to ensure”).


eka

From Malay eka, from Sanskrit एक (eka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *óykos.


kandela

Learned borrowing from Latin candēla (literally “candle”).

lbor

(optics) candela: In the International System of Units, the base unit of luminous intensity; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. Symbol: cd


kolera

Learned borrowing from Latin cholera, from Ancient Greek χολέρα (kholéra, “cholera”).

der

(pathology) cholera: Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


arrivée

Unadapted borrowing from French arrivée (“arrival”).


krem

From Dutch crème, from French crème (modern French chrême), from Old French cresme, from Late Latin crama, Transalpine Gaulish word influenced by Latin chrisma, from Ancient Greek χρῖσμα (khrîsma, “anointing, unction; wall coating, plaster”). Doublet of krim.

der

krem:

cream: a yellowish white colour; the colour of cream.


Kendal

Kendal (a regency of Central Java, Indonesia)

Kendal (a city, the capital of Kendal Regency, Central Java, Indonesia)


lila

Borrowed from Dutch lila (“lilac”), from French lilas, from lilacs, the plural of lilac

lila:

(Standard Malay)

a pale purple color, the color of some lilac flowers.


lila

(archaic) small cannons made of copper or bronze


lila

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


murid

From Malay murid, from Arabic مُرِيد (murīd).


kartu

From Dutch kaart (“card”), from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “papyrus, paper”). Doublet of kardus, kartel, karton, katrij, and kertas.

doublet

any flat, normally rectangular piece of stiff paper, plastic etc.

(computing, electronics) a removable electronic device that may be inserted into a powered electronic device to provide additional capability.

printed circuit board
printed circuit board


jiwa

From Malay jiwa, from Sanskrit जीव (jīva).

spirit; as a source of enthusiasm, energy or motivating force.

penduduk Jakarta telah melebihi 10 juta jiwa

Jakarta's population has exceeded 10 million people

"Yang dapat menyelamatkan lebih dari 10 juta jiwa dari penyalahgunaan narkoba, yang baru saja dibentuk desk ini pada tanggal 4 November, dan ini adalah capaian yang kami laporkan kepada Bapak Presiden," ucap Jenderal Sigit.

2024 December 11, Zunita Putri, “Kapolri Lapor Capaian Desk Berantas Narkoba ke Prabowo: Selamatkan 10 Juta Jiwa”, in Detik.com:

"The thing which can save more than 10 million lives from drug abuse, was through the formation of this desk on November 4th, and this was the achievement that we reported to the President," said General Sigit.

(figuratively) people, lives; a body of persons considered generally or collectively. (Chiefly when indicating individuals were lost (died) or saved, or when conducting censuses.)

(figuratively) vitality; one's life energy or essence.


bas relief

Unadapted borrowing from French bas-relief (“bas-relief”)

ubor

(sculpture) bas-relief: a low or mostly-flat sculpture which is carved into a wall, or is in the form of a tile mounted flat to a wall, rather than a fully three-dimensional, free-standing figure.


samosa

From English samosa, from Hindi समोसा (samosā), from Classical Persian سنبوسه (sanbōsa).

(cooking) samosa: a snack, of Indian origin, consisting of a deep-fried triangular turnover filled with vegetables (especially potatoes) or meat.


abjad

From Malay abjad, from Classical Malay ابجد (abjad), from Arabic أَبْجَد (ʔabjad).

alphabet (an ordered set of letters used in a language)


edamame

édamamé (canonical)
edamame-edamame (plural)


Ahmad

a male given name from Arabic, variant of Akhmad


rial

From Persian ریال (riyâl). Doublet of riyal and royal.

rial (the official currencies of Iran and Yemen)


calar

Kulitnya tertutupi oleh calar-calar kecil.

Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.


calo

(colloquial) passenger recruiter, ticket scalper, broker.


paling

forms the superlative of many adjectives


paling

Inherited from Malay paling, from Proto-Malayic *paliŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paliŋ. Compare with Tagalog paling.


anis

From Dutch anijs, from Middle Dutch anis, from Old French anis, from Latin anīsum, from Ancient Greek ἄνισον (ánison). Cognate of Afrikaans anijs.

Pimpinella anisum
Pimpinella anisum#Translingual


anis

thrush (any of numerous species of songbirds of the cosmopolitan family Turdidae)


dalang

From Malay dalang, from Classical Malay دالڠ (dalang), from Old Javanese ḍalaṅ (“puppeteer”).


mending

Aku mending pilih yang ini daripada yang lainnya.

(colloquial) Used to specify choice or preference; rather, preferably, in preference to. (usually followed by daripada)

Mengapa beli rokok? Mending beli gado-gado.

Why would you buy cigarettes? You'd best buy gado-gado instead.

(colloquial) Best; to the most advantage, with the most success.

Masih mending kamu tidak dipukuli orang itu.

You're lucky that you weren't hit by that person instead.

(colloquial) Used to express comparison between a situation deemed more fortunate than a worse hypothetical.


diktat

From Dutch dictaat, from Latin dictātum.

(extension) note, a brief piece of writing intended to assist the memory; a memorandum; a minute.


parfum

From Dutch parfum, from Middle French parfum, from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).

compound

a pleasant smell; the scent, odor, or odoriferous particles emitted from a sweet-smelling substance; a pleasant odor

a substance created to provide a pleasant smell or one which emits an agreeable odor.


cuan

From Hokkien 賺 /赚 (choán, “to make a profit”).

bor

Cuanku lima puluh juta bulan ini.


Norwegia

Learned borrowing from Latin Norwegia, Norvegia, from Old Norse Norvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”).

lbor

Kingdom of Norway
Kingdom of Norway#English

A country in Scandinavia, in northern Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Norway.


Luksemburg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)


ijazah

Inherited from Malay ijazah, from Arabic إِجَازَة (ʔijāza).


ijaza

Alternative form of ijazah (“certificate, diploma”).


dimana

From a misconception that this word comes from affixed di- + mana. It may also be influenced by the spelling of slang gimana.


delapan

From Malay delapan, from Proto-Malayic *dua(ʔ) alap-an.


esprit de corps

Unadapted borrowing from French esprit de corps (literally “spirit of the group”).


Adrianus

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Adrian, mostly found on Christian Indonesians.


presenter

someone who presents a thing or person to someone else.

master of ceremonies
master of ceremonies

someone who presents a broadcast programme; a compere or master of ceremonies.


jawi

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦮꦶ (jawi, “wild ox, wild bull”).


debitor

From English debitor, from Latin debitor.

(finance, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of debitur (“debitor, debtor”)


genom

(genetics) genome: the complete genetic information (either DNA or, in some viruses, RNA) of an organism.


ana-

From English ana-, from Ancient Greek ἀνα- (ana-), from ἀνά (aná, “on, up, above, throughout”).

e.g. anatomi

e.g. analogi


peri-

From Ancient Greek περί (perí, “about, around”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *péri. Doublet of peri.


da capo al fine

Unadapted borrowing from Italian da capo al fine.

ubor

(music) da capo al fine: repeat from the beginning up to the word fine ("end").


spiritus

From Dutch spiritus, from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”). Doublet of spirit.

methylated spirit
methylated spirit#English


kasta

From Portuguese casta, possibly from the feminine of casto (“chaste”), from Old Galician-Portuguese casto, from Latin castus) or from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*kastan) or *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), *kastuz.

der

caste: a separate and fixed order or class of persons in society who chiefly associate with each other, especially hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies.


stadion

From Dutch stadion, from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion), from στάδιος (stádios), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-. Doublet of stadium.

(sports) stadium: a venue where sporting events are held.


Albertus

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Albert, mostly used as the baptismal name on Christian Indonesians.


Arjuna

From Javanese ꦄꦂꦗꦸꦤ (Arjuna), from Sanskrit अर्जुन (arjuna).

a male given name from Javanese, Sanskrit, popular in South Asia.

A major character of the Mahabharata, a Sanskrit epic.


amah

a (Chinese) woman who works as a housemaid


amah

From Malay amah, from Arabic أَمَة (ʔama).


amah

alternative form of amati (“paternal blood aunt”)


sak

Borrowed from Dutch zak, from Middle Dutch sac, from Old Dutch sac, from Proto-Germanic *sakkuz, from Latin saccus. Doublet of saku.


misalnya

(conjunctive) for example (as an example)


tentang

of; about; on; regarding (with regard to; on account of; on the subject of)

toward (in relation to someone or something)

(obsolete) near (physically close to, in close proximity to)

(obsolete) above (physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing)

(obsolete) around (forming a circle or closed curve containing something)


konstanta

From Dutch constante, from French constante, ultimately from Latin cōnstō.

(algebra) quantity that remains at a fixed value throughout a given discussion.

(computing) an identifier that is bound to an invariant value; a fixed value given a name to aid in readability of source code.


ronde

From Dutch ronde, from Middle Dutch rondde, from Middle French ronde, from Old French reonde, from Old Spanish ronda, modification of robda, from Arabic ربط. Doublet of ronda.


cincin

From Chinese [Term?] as per Blust (2010-), possibly Hokkien 手指 (chhiú-chí / chhiú-chái / chhiú-cháiⁿ). Compare Malay cincin (“ring”), Brunei Malay cincin (“ring”), Tagalog singsing (“ring”), Ilocano singsing (“ring”), Maranao sising (“ring”), Tausug singsing (“ring”), Khmer ចិញ្ចៀន (ceñciən, “ring”), etc.


bodi

(colloquial) body (human).
physical frame.


maut

From Malay maut, from Classical Malay maut, from Arabic مَوْت (mawt, “death”).


aide-mémoire

Unadapted borrowing from French aide-mémoire.


tjara

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Obsolete spelling of cara.


plebian

Borrowed from English plebian, plebeian.


agar-agar

From Malay agar-agar (“jelly”), from Classical Malay اڬر٢ (agar-agar, “jelly”), اڬر٢ (agar2).

inh

agar (a material obtained from a marine alga), agar-agar


zaman

From Malay zaman, from Persian زمان (zamân).

A particular period of time in history, as distinguished from others.

A great period in the history of the Earth.

era; time (a time period of indeterminate length, generally more than one year)

period (a length of time in history seen as a single coherent entity)


gaun

From Malay gaun, from English gown (borrowed from English via Malay without "gown" sense).


audiometer

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch audiometer.

(medicine) audiometer: an instrument which is used to determine the acuity of hearing.


telinga

From Malay telinga, from Proto-Malayic *tAliŋa(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taliŋa, from Proto-Austronesian *Caliŋa.


jari tangan

Compound of jari + tangan (“hand, arm”).

finger (similar looking extremity in an animal)


jari kaki

toe (each of the five digits on the end of the foot)


jari

From Malay jari, from Proto-Malayic *jari (“finger”). Cognate of Old Javanese jariji, Balinese ᬚ᭄ᬭᬶᬚᬶ (jriji), Javanese ꦢꦿꦶꦗꦶ (driji), Indonesian jeriji, Sundanese jariji.

(anatomy) a narrow extremity of the human hand or foot: a finger, thumb, or toe

(zoology) similar or similar-looking structures in other animals.

finger: something similar in function or agency to the human finger, (usually) with regard to touching, grasping, or pointing.


kanak

From Malay kanak, from Proto-Malayic *anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.


adalah

From Malay adalah, from Classical Malay اداله (adalah). Equivalent to ada + -lah.

Pancasila adalah falsafah bangsa Indonesia.

Pancasila is the philosophy of the Indonesian nation.

Kata adalah bagian terkecil dari bahasa.

Menteri adalah menteri yang menyelenggarakan....

Minister means a minister administering....

Desember adalah bulan kedua belas.

Saya adalah pengagum Dipa.

Dia adalah seorang mahasiswa.


adalah

Yang perlu dikerjakan sekarang adalah membawa korban ke rumah sakit.

What needs to be done now is to take the victims to the hospital.

Kerjanya adalah menarik mahasiswa.

His/her job is to attract university students.

a connector between two pieces of sentence that confirms the details or explanation of the first part


propinsi

Nonstandard form of provinsi (“province”).


provinsi

From Dutch provincie, from Middle Dutch provincie, from Latin prōvincia.

(government) province (a subdivision of government usually one step below the national level)


berada

From Malay berada, from Classical Malay berada. Equivalent to ber- + ada.

Rumah saya berada di pantai selatan.


berada

Dia berasal dari keluarga berada.


duduk

duduk (root)
duduk (active)
duduklah (active)
menduduki (active locative)
diduduki (involuntary locative passive)
duduki (locative)
dudukilah (locative)
mendudukkan (active applicative causative)
didudukkan (applicative causative passive)
dudukkan (applicative causative)
dudukkanlah (applicative causative)

From Malay duduk (“sit”), from Classical Malay duduk (“reside, sit”), from Proto-Malayic *duduk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dukduk.

menduduki [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mendudukkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

timpuh

to sit on the floor in a kneeling position

Silakan duduk

duduk bersila

duduk perkara

ruang duduk

tempat duduk

(intransitive) to be sitting; to be seated


ammeter

(electricity) ammeter, amperemeter: a device that measures the magnitude of an electric current, especially one calibrated in amperes.


kakerlak

(colloquial, rare) cockroach: a black or brown straight-winged insect of the order Blattodea.

(derogatory, rare, dated) European: person living or originating from Europe.


dekameter

dè‧ka‧mè‧têr

Affixed deka- + meter, from Dutch decameter, from French décamètre.

(metrology) An SI unit of length equal to 10¹ meters. Symbol: dam


animator

Borrowed from English animator. Doublet of animater.

(art) animator, cartoonist: one who creates an animation or cartoon


SDA

sumber daya alam
sumber daya alam#Indonesian

(economics) Initialism of sumber daya alam (“natural resource”).


perut

From Malay perut, from Proto-Malayic *pərut.

Bukan urusan politik lagi, melainkan urusan perut

Waktu itu engkau masih di dalam perut ibumu.

At that moment, you are in your mother's womb.


tenggara

tênggara (canonical)
tenggara-tenggara (plural)

From Malay tenggara, from Malayalam തെൻകര (teṉkara, “southeast”).

Asia Tenggara

Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara


masih

Continuous aspect
continuous aspect#English

Continuous aspect with a final perspective, i.e. the action or situation will eventually come to an end.


membeli

From Malay membeli, from Classical Malay membeli. Equivalent to
meng- + beli.

Dia membeli sekilo beras.

Aku pergi untuk membeli makanan.

to buy, to obtain (something) in exchange for money or goods


spirometer

spirometer (an instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs)


atol

Borrowed from Dutch atol, ultimately from Dhivehi އަތޮޅު (atoḷu).


ambles

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧ꧀ꦭꦼꦱ꧀ (ambles, “to sink below the surface; recessed, set in”).


analgesia

From Ancient Greek ἀναλγησία (analgēsía, “want of feeling, insensibility”).


mangaka

Borrowed from Japanese 漫画 (まんがか, mangaka, “a cartoonist; a comics artist”), from 漫画 (manga, “comics”) + 家 (-ka, “-ist”).

bor

mangaka (a professional manga or anime artist)


PDU

pakaian dinas upacara
pakaian dinas upacara#Indonesian

Initialism of pakaian dinas upacara (“dress uniform”).


salto

Inherited from Malay salto, from Portuguese salto (“jump, leap”), from Old Galician-Portuguese salto, from Latin saltus.


bota

Inherited from Malay bota (“giant”), from Sanskrit भूत (bhūta, “demon”). Doublet of buta.


bebas

Ayah sudah bebas dari penjara.

Pekan ini mereka bebas dari pekerjaan mereka.

This week they are free from their jobs.

perangkat lunak bebas

(software) free (with very few limitations on distribution or improvement)


beban

From Malay beban. All “load” senses, except “burden” sense is a semantic loan from English load. The blasting sense is a semantic loan from English burden.

Adalah beban tarik maksimum yang akan menentukan seberapa besar kekuatan tarik dari material yang diuji.

(engineering) The force exerted on a structural component such as a beam, girder, cable etc.

Cara untuk memperbaiki rugi-rugi daya adalah dengan menyeimbangkan beban trafo distribusi pada jaringan distribusi.

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) The electrical current or power delivered by a device.

Daya semu yaitu daya listrik yang masuk ke beban (motor).

(electrical engineering) Any component that draws current or power from an electrical circuit.

Waktu beban yang ideal untuk mengambil halaman adalah sekitar 3 detik atau kurang dari itu.

(computing) The process of loading something, i.e. transferring it into memory or over a network, etc.

(rock blasting) burden: The distance between rows of blastholes parallel to the major free face (i.e. face of the excavation), or between rows in the usual case where rows are fired in sequence

(figuratively) responsibility, stress, strength.

(Standard Malay)

(business) amount of money levied for a service.

charge:
amount of money levied for a service.

charge:
the scope of someone's responsibility.

beban penyusutan

beban penjualan

liability: a handicap that holds something back, a drawback, someone or something that is a burden to whoever is required to take care of them; an individual or action that exposes others to greater risk.


teknologi

tèknologi (canonical)
teknologi-teknologi (plural)

From Dutch technologie, from French technologie or English technology, from Ancient Greek τεχνολογία (tekhnología, “systematic treatment (of grammar)”), from τέχνη (tékhnē, “art”) + -λογία (-logía).

der

teknologi transmisi radio pembawa tunggal

(rare) the organization of knowledge for practical purposes.

all the different and usable technologies developed by a culture or people.


salim

From Javanese salim, from Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”). Doublet of salam and syalom.

(colloquial) to hand-kissing elder people (especially closest relatives) and teachers


salim

From Javanese salim, from Arabic سَلِيم (salīm, “safe, secure; healthy”).


abras

From Arabic أَبْرَص (ʔabraṣ, “leprous”).


absorben

adsorbent (the solid or liquid in the process of adsorption on which the adsorbate accumulates)


doping

(sports) doping, the use of drugs to improve athletic performance.


alinea

alinéa (canonical)
alinea-alinea (plural)

From Dutch alinea (“paragraph”), from French alinéa, from Latin a līnea.


amparan

(dialect, Java, construction) a kind of roof.


anestesia

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
William T. G. Morton
id:anestesia

From Ancient Greek ἀναισθησία (anaisthēsía), from ἀν- (an-, “not”) with αἴσθησις (aísthēsis, “sensation”). Coined in 1846 C.E. by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., in a letter to dentist William T. G. Morton, the first practitioner to publicly demonstrate the use of ether during surgery.

an artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.

the loss or prevention of sensation, as caused by anesthesia, lesion in the nervous system or other physical abnormality.


apuran

Affixed *apur + -an, from Betawi apuran, from Dutch afvoer (“drain; drainpipe”).


arbitrase

arbitrasê (canonical)
arbitrase-arbitrase (plural)

From Dutch arbitrage, from French arbitrage. Semantic loan from English arbitrage.

(finance, trading) arbitrage: a market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.

a process through which two or more parties use an arbitrator or arbiter in order to resolve a dispute.

a form of justice where both parties designate a person whose ruling they will accept formally.


asisten

From Dutch assistent, from Latin assistēns.

(Standard Malay)

assistant (someone who aids one another)


aspiran

From Dutch aspirant, from French aspirant.

aspirant, someone who aspires to high office, etc.


anta

From Sanskrit अन्त (antá, “disposition, essence”).


anta

Borrowed from Arabic أَنْتَ (ʔanta, “you”).

bor+

(informal) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


ayunan

a hanging seat that can swing back and forth, in a children's playground, for acrobats in a circus, or on a porch for relaxing

swing:
the manner in which something is swung

cradle (a bed or cot for a baby, oscillating on rockers or swinging on pivots)


balado

Reconstructed as ber- (“to have, contain”) + lada (“chili pepper”), from Minangkabau balado.

af

(cooking) dish with stir fried ground red hot chili pepper seasoning with other spices including garlic, shallot, tomato and kaffir lime (leaves, fruit, or both) in coconut or palm oil.


balas

Inherited from Malay balas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baləs (“to answer, retaliate; reciprocate good or evil”).


balas

Borrowed from Dutch ballast, from Middle Dutch ballast.

(nautical) heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship (or in the gondola of a balloon), to provide stability.

(rail transport) Coarse gravel or similar material laid to form a bed for roads or railroads, or in making concrete.

(figurative) baggage, something that hampers functioning.


bata

Inherited from Malay bata (“brick”). Cognate of Balinese ᬩᬢ (bata, “brick”), Javanese ꦧꦠ (bata, “brick, brick wall; cube”), Old Javanese bata (“brick; wall”).

cog

a hardened rectangular block of mud, clay etc., used for building.


bata

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bataq, from Proto-Austronesian *bataq. Compare to Tagalog bata (“child”).

marriage between siblings and siblings at the same time.


batas

From Malay batas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batəs. Doublet of watas. Cognate of Iban batas (“raised path”), Toba Batak batos, Javanese ꦮꦠꦼꦱ꧀ (wates), Balinese ᬩᬢᭂᬲ (bates), and Sasak bates.

limit (a restriction; a bound beyond which one may not go)


besaran

From besar (“large; big; great; powerful”) + -an.

suf

magnitude (the absolute or relative size, extent or importance of something)

quantity (a fundamental, generic term used when referring to the measurement (count, amount) of a scalar, vector, number of items or to some other way of denominating the value of a collection or group of items)

(mathematics) a number, assigned to something, such that it may be compared to others numerically

of a vector, the norm, most commonly, the two-norm

size (the dimensions or magnitude of a thing; how big something is)


besaran

From besar (“large; big; great; powerful”) + -an (“comparative-forming suffix”).

comparative degree of besar: larger; bigger; greater; more powerful


bordes

From Dutch bordes, from Middle Dutch bordessche, from Old French bretesche, bretesque (Modern French bretèche), from Medieval Latin bretescha, bretachia, brateschia, britasca.

der

a raised platform, often with a flight of steps, that lead into a building.

landing: an intermediate platform between flights of stairs, which normally involves a change in direction


curo

(cooking) churro: a fried pastry from Spain, typically eaten as a dessert and with chocolate beverage.


deposito

From Dutch deposito, from Italian deposito, from Latin deposito.

(finance) deposit, money placed in an account.


determinan

détèrminan (canonical)
determinan-determinan (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch determinant.

A determining factor; an element that determines the nature of something.

(Standard Malay)

(linear algebra) A scalar that encodes certain characteristics of a given transformation matrix; the unique scalar function over square matrices which is distributive over matrix multiplication, multilinear in the rows and columns, and takes the value 1 for the unit matrix.


distan

Acronym of dinas pertanian (“department of agriculture”).


dividen

From Dutch dividend, from Middle French dividende (Modern French dividende), from Latin dividendum (“thing to be divided”), future passive participle of divido (“to divide”).

(arithmetic) a number or expression that is to be divided by another.

(finance, trading) a pro rata payment of money by a company to its shareholders, usually made periodically (eg, quarterly or annually).


domine

From Dutch dominee, from Latin domine, vocative of dominus.


duren

(slang) Contraction of duda keren (“stylist widower”).


fajar

Inherited from Malay fajar, from Classical Malay fajar, from Arabic فَجْر (fajr).

dawn: the morning twilight period immediately before sunrise.

daybreak: The morning twilight immediately before sunrise.


kudus

From Malay kudus, from Arabic قُدُس (qudus).


nanas

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch ananas, from Spanish ananás or Portuguese ananás, from Guaraní naná.


tipis

From Javanese ꦠꦶꦥꦶꦱ꧀ (tipis), from Old Javanese *tipis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tipis (“thin”). Cognate of Malay nipis, tipis, Classical Malay نيڤيس (nipis), تيڤيس (tipis).


firman

From Malay firman, from Classical Malay firman (“permission”), from Persian فرمان (farmân, “command, order, decree”). Doublet of permana.

Firman Allah

Ten Commandments
Ten Commandments#English

(Christianity) commandment (a divinely ordained command, especially one of the Ten Commandments)


harta

From Malay harta, from Classical Malay arta, harta, from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of arta, arti, and erti.


kersen

From Dutch kersen, plural form of kers (“cherry”), from Middle Dutch kerse, ultimately from Vulgar Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin. Currently largely superseded by ceri.


kers

(dated) Alternative form of kersen (“cherry”).


sains

From Malay sains, from English science, from Middle English science, scyence, from Old French science, escience, from Latin scientia (“knowledge”).

A particular discipline or branch of learning, especially one dealing with measurable or systematic principles rather than intuition or natural ability

natural sciences
natural science#English

science
Specifically the natural sciences


ikon

From Dutch icoon, from Latin īcōn, from Ancient Greek εἰκών (eikṓn, “likeness, image, portrait”).

icon (a religious painting, often done on wooden panels)


loket

From Dutch loket, from Middle Dutch loket.

A ticket window, in extension a counter, an office


laman

Borrowed from Malay laman. Doublet of halaman.


lavase

(medicine) lavage: a washing of a hollow organ.


pasaran

Constructed pasar (“market”) + -an, inherited from Malay pasaran. The sense of market day is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦥꦱꦫꦤ꧀ (pasaran).

sl

market: a geographical area where a certain commercial demand exists.

market day: the day of the week in which a market is held in some particular location.


pasase

Reconstructed as pas + -ase, from Dutch passage, from Middle Dutch passage, from Middle French passage, from Old French passage.

passage:
a paragraph or section of text.

(medicine) the act of passing; movement across or through.


limas

Inherited from Malay limas, from Classical Malay ليمس (limas), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *limas.


liman

Affixed lima (“five”) + -an, inherited from Malay liman (“elephant”), from Javanese ꦭꦶꦩꦤ꧀ (liman), from Old Javanese liman.


pelan

From Malay pelan, a variant of perlahan.


pelan

Uncertain, probably from Dutch plein (“square, plaza”).

(Jakarta) plaza; square (an open area used for gathering in a city)


pesan

(Standard Malay)

a communication, or what is communicated; any concept or information conveyed.

(Standard Malay)

(literature) an underlying theme or conclusion to be drawn from something.

(colloquial) a request for some product or service; a commission to purchase, sell, or supply goods.


pintaran

(informal) comparative degree of pintar (“smarter”)


plantase

plantasê (canonical)
plantase-plantase (plural)

Affixed *plant + -ase, from Dutch plantage (“plantation”), from French plantage.


presiden

présidèn (canonical)
presiden-presiden (plural)

From Dutch president, from Middle Dutch president, from Old French president, from Latin praesidēns (“presiding over; president, leader”). Not inherited from Malay presiden, which is from English president.

der

(government, politics) the head of state of a republic, either in union with the head of government or separated from the head of government.

(management) primary leader of a corporation. Not to be confused with CEO, which is a related but separate position that is sometimes held by a different person.


prive

(accounting) the action of taking funds from an account or company holdings for individual use; drawing


majas

From Arabic مَجَاز (majāz, “metaphor, allegory, figurative speech”).


pulsa

(physiology) a normally regular beat felt when arteries are depressed, caused by the pumping action of the heart.

(music) the beat or tactus of a piece of music.

pulse,
the beat or tactus of a piece of music.

(Standard Malay)