atlas

From Dutch atlas, from Latin Atlas, from the name of the Ancient Greek mythological figure Ἄτλας (Átlas, “Bearer (of the Heavens)”), from τλῆναι (tlênai, “to suffer”, “to endure”, “to bear”).

a bound collection of maps often including tables, illustrations or other text.

(anatomy) the uppermost vertebra of the neck.

atlas:
the uppermost vertebra of the neck.


plan

From Dutch plan, from French plan (“a ground-plot of a building”), from plan (“flat”), a later form of the vernacular plain, from Latin planus (“flat, plane”). Doublet of pelan.

der

plan, a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal.


drama

From Dutch drama, from Late Latin drāma, from Ancient Greek δρᾶμα (drâma). Doublet of dorama.

a composition, normally in prose, telling a story and intended to be represented by actors impersonating the characters and speaking the dialogue.

(colloquial) tragedy, a disastrous event, especially one involving great loss of life or injury.


front

The foremost side of something or the end that faces the direction it normally moves.

An area where armies are engaged in conflict, especially the line of contact.

(rough translation) a unified movement or joint movement in achieving a political or ideological goal


video

From English video, from the root vide of Latin videō (“I see”) + -o.

a short film clip, with or without audio (as in a music video, or one of the plethora of user-generated short movies on sites such as YouTube)

motion picture stored on VHS or some other format


retail

rétail (canonical)
retail-retail (plural)

Borrowed from English retail, from Old French retaillier. Doublet of ritel.

retail, the sale of goods directly to the consumer, encompassing the storefronts, mail-order, websites, etc., and the corporate mechanisms, branding, advertising, etc. that support them.


propaganda

From Dutch propaganda, from New Latin propāganda, short for Congregātiō dē Propagandā Fide.


melon

From English melon, from Middle English meloun, melon, from Old French melon, from Late Latin melonem, from Latin melopeponem (“type of pumpkin”), from Ancient Greek μηλοπέπων (mēlopépōn), from μῆλον (mêlon, “apple”) + πέπων (pépōn, “ripe”).

Cucumis melo subsp. melo
Wikispecies:Cucumis melo subsp. melo

muskmelon; cantaloupe (a type of melon, Cucumis melo subsp. melo, with sweet orange flesh and a rough skin resembling netting)


linen

From Dutch linnen, from Middle Dutch linijn, from Proto-West Germanic *līnīn (“made of flax”), from Proto-Germanic *līną (“flax”), from Proto-Indo-European *līno- (“flax”).


papa

From Sanskrit पाप (pāpa, “bad, evil, low”).


AS

Amerika Serikat
Amerika Serikat#Indonesian


ini

From Malay ini, from Proto-Malayic *(i)ni(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)ni, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)ni.

1999, Potret, Kentut Siapa?, Aquarius Musikindo

It's only natural and everyone has done it before


ini

this (known (thing) about to be mentioned)

this (known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience)


ini

this (The thing, item, etc. being indicated)


main

From Malay main, from Proto-Malayic *maim, a reduction from Pre-Proto-Malayic *q-um-ayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam (“domesticated animal, toy”). In the sense of dummy word, influenced by Kupang Malay maen. Doublet of ayam (“chicken”).

inh

main ngancam


je

From Dutch jee. Doublet of ye. Represented Dutch-derived J (pronounced /j/, modern Y) before 1972.

The name of the Latin-script letter J/j.

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Superseded spelling of ye.


Jepang

From Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún).


Jepang

Japanese (pertaining to ethnic group or language)


roman

From Malay roman, from Dutch roman, from French roman, from Old French romanz (“common language (as opposed to Latin)”), from Vulgar Latin romanicē (“in the way of the Romans (as opposed to the Franks)”), from Latin rōmānicus < rōmānus.

der

(literature) novel: a work of prose fiction, longer than a novella.

(colloquial) apocopic form of romansa (“love story”)


ghetto

Unadapted borrowing from Italian ghetto, from Venetan ghèto (“foundry”).


saber

Borrowed from Malay [Term?] (Bangka dialect).

(dialect) the technique of catching fish by damming a river using wood


pare

From Javanese ꦥꦫꦺ (paré). Doublet of paria and pěria.


souvenir

souvênir (canonical)
souvenir-souvenir (plural)


sein

From Dutch sein (“signal”), from Old French seigne, a northern variant of signe, from Latin signum. Doublet of sinyal.

short for lampu sein (“indicator, turn signal”).


slip

* From Dutch slip, the deverbal of slippen. Apparently from Middle Low German slippen. Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *slewbʰ- (“slip, slide”).
* Semantic loan from English slip (“small piece of paper”) for sense of small piece of paper, which came from above.


slip

From English slip, from Middle English slyp, slep, slyppe, from Old English slyp, slyppe, slipa (“a viscous, slimy substance”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *sleupaną (“to slip, sneak”), possibly connected with Proto-Indo-European *slewb-, *slewbʰ- (“slip, slide”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“to sneak, crawl”); or alternatively from Proto-Germanic *slippijaną (“to glide”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleyb- (“slimy; to glide”).

der

(archaeology, ceramics) slip: a thin, slippery mix of clay and water.


sumo

(sports) sumo (Japanese traditional wrestling).


dugong

From English dugong, from Cebuano dugong.


pater

From Dutch pater, from Latin pater, from Proto-Italic *patēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.


frater

fratêr (canonical)
frater-frater (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch frater, from Latin frāter, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of bruder.

(Catholicism) a candidate for priesthood


abbas

Unadapted borrowing from Latin abbas (“abbot”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”), from Proto-Semitic *ʾab- (“father”). Doublet of aba and abu.


alumnus

Dia seorang alumnus Universitas Oxford
He is an alumnus of Oxford University.


label

From French label (with possibility of indirect loan via Dutch label), from English label, from Middle English label (“narrow band, strip of cloth”), from Old French label, lambel (Modern French lambeau), from Frankish *lappā (“torn piece of cloth”), from Proto-Germanic *lappǭ, *lappô (“cloth stuff, rag, scraps, flap, dewlap, lobe, rabbit ear”), from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“blade”). Cognate with Old High German lappa (“rag, piece of cloth”), Old English læppa (“skirt, flap of a garment”).

cog

a small ticket or sign giving information about something to which it is attached or intended to be attached.

(computing) a user-defined alias for a numerical designation, the reverse of an enumeration.


datum

From Dutch datum, from Middle Dutch datum, from Latin datum (“given”, past participle).

(cartography, engineering) A fixed reference point, or a coordinate system.


diagnosis

Learned borrowing from Latin diagnōsis, from Ancient Greek διάγνωσις (diágnōsis), from διαγιγνώσκω (diagignṓskō, “to discern”), from διά (diá, “through”) + γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “to know”). Doublet of diagnosa and diagnose.

(medicine) The identification of the nature and cause of an illness.

The identification of the nature and cause of something (of any nature).


fungus

fungus (any member of the kingdom Fungi)


medium

* From Dutch medium, from Latin medium.
* Semantic loan from English medium for a measurement intermediate between extremes.

anything having a measurement intermediate between extremes.

the means, channel, or agency by which an aim is achieved.

someone who supposedly conveys information from the spirit world.

(physics) the materials or empty space through which signals, waves or forces pass.

(biology) a nutrient solution for the growth.

medium,
a nutrient solution for the growth.


oasis

From Late Latin Oasis, from Ancient Greek Ὄασις (Óasis), from Demotic wḥj, from Egyptian wḥꜣt (“oasis, cauldron”), G43-V28-G1-X1:N25Doublet of wahah.

a spring of fresh water, surrounded by a fertile region of vegetation, in a desert.

(figuratively) a quiet, peaceful place or situation separated from surrounding noise or bustle.

(figuratively) a place or situation of fruitfulness or abundance separated from surrounding barrenness or scarcity.


stimulus

From Dutch stimulus, from Latin stimulus (“goad, prick”).


stratum

From Dutch stratum, from Latin stratum. Doublet of setrat and strata.

(geology) stratum, a layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout.


ikan

From Malay ikan, from Proto-Malayic *ikan, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ikan, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ikan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hikan, from Proto-Austronesian *Sikan, underlying form: *Si-kan, where *Si is a nominalizer and *kan is a root meaning "to eat" (cognate with makan, of which prefixed with fossilized m-).


trailer

From Dutch trailer, from English trailer.

(film) trailer, a preview of a film, video game or TV show.


Venus

(astronomy) Venus (the second planet in the Solar system, named for the goddess)

venus (the goddess of love, beauty, fertility, and sexuality)


lupa

From Malay lupa,
* from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa. Compare to Tetun luha (”to forget”), Yamdena namlufe (”to forget”), Nias olifu (”forgot”).
* From Sanskrit लोप (lopa, “neglect”).


aber

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦼꦂ (aber), from Old Javanese abĕr (“to slow”).

lost or run out of strength and superiority


lento

Unadapted borrowing from Italian lento, from Latin lentus.


lento

Borrowed from Javanese ꦊꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴ (lento, “swelling”).

bor+

(cooking) snack made from ground, seasoned, hand-rolled, then fried mung beans


anal

From Dutch anaal, from French anal, from Latin ānālis.

anal: of, related to, intended for or involving the anus.


zona

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin zōna, from Ancient Greek ζώνη (zṓnē).

(geography) each of the five regions of the earth's surface into which it was divided by climatic differences, namely the torrid zone (between the tropics), two temperate zones (between the tropics and the polar circles), and two frigid zones (within the polar circles).

any given region or area of the world; a given area distinguished on the basis of a particular characteristic, use, restriction, etc.


ton

From Dutch ton, from Middle Dutch tonne, from Old French [Term?], from Latin tunna, tonna, itself from a Celtic word cognate to Irish tonn (“skin”).

tonne, metric ton: a unit of weight (mass) equal to 1000 kilograms.

register ton, a unit of a ship's capacity equal to 100 cubic feet or 2.83 m³.

long ton, weight ton: the avoirdupois or Imperial ton of 2,240 pounds (1,016.0469 kg).


ton

From Dutch toon, from Middle Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.


bonjour

Unadapted borrowing from French bonjour (“greetings; hello”).


rad

(metrology) rad, a non-SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation, equal to 0.01 gray.


rad

From Dutch raad (“council”), from Middle Dutch râet, from Old Dutch rāt, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaz.


rob

From Javanese ꦫꦺꦴꦧ꧀ (rob, “to rise”), form Old Javanese rob, rwab (“high tide, high water”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *Ruab, from Proto-Austronesian *Ruab. Doublet of luap.


semester

From Dutch semester, from German Semester, from New Latin sēmestris ("lasting six months"), from sex (“six”) + mēnsis (“month”).

semester:
a period or term of six months.

(education) half of a school year or academic year.

semester:
half of a school year or academic year.


trimester

From Dutch trimester, from French trimestre, from Latin trimestris (“of three months”), from trēs (“three”) + mensis (“month”).

trimester: a period of three months or about three months.

(obstetrics) divisions of pregnancy period, each lasting for approximately 3 months.


per

From Dutch veer (“feather, spring”), a contraction of veder, from Middle Dutch vedere, from Old Dutch fethara, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). The sense "spring" is derived from the ability of feathers to resume their shape when bent.

spring, a mechanical device made of flexible or coiled material that exerts force and attempts to spring back when bent, compressed, or stretched.


per

From Dutch per, from Latin per (“through, during”), from Proto-Indo-European *per.

to each, in each (used in expressing ratios of units).

by the, by means of the, via the, through the.


semi

From Malay semi (“shoot, sprout”).
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦱꦼꦩꦶ (semi, “sprouting”).


beber

From Javanese ꦧꦺꦧꦺꦂ (bébér, “spread, opened out”), from Old Javanese *wiwir (“to extend, to expand, to spread out”).


auto-

From Dutch auto-, from Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós, “self”).


puso

From Javanese ꦥꦸꦱ (pusa, “unproductive”), from Old Javanese pūṣā (“solar”), from Sanskrit पूषा (pūṣā), पूषन् (pūṣan, “a Vedic solar deity”).

failed (of crop), empty, sterile (of rice husk)

(figurative) damaged (because of abandonment)


lid

From Dutch lid (“member”), from Middle Dutch lit, let, leet, from Old Dutch *lid, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz.


hop

Unadapted borrowing from Javindo hop (“stop”), from Dutch ophouden (“uphold, stop”).


tender

tèndêr (canonical)
tender-tender (plural)

From Dutch tender: from English tender, from Middle English tendren, from Old French tendre (“stretch out”), from Latin tendere.

(trading) tender, anything which is offered, proffered, put forth or bid with the expectation of a response, answer, or reply.


tender

From Dutch tender, from English tender, tend + -er.

(transport) tender: a railroad car towed behind a steam engine to carry fuel and water.


mode

* From Dutch mode f, from Middle French mode f, from Latin modus m. Doublet of moda, model, modern, modul, and modus.
* Semantic loan from English mode in electronics and computing sense.

doublet

(electronics) a series of settings on a device used for a specific purpose.

(computing) one of various related sets of rules for processing data.


iso

From Javanese iso (ꦲꦶꦱꦺꦴ, “animal intestine”). Cognate of Tagalog isaw (“intestine”).

bor

(cooking) animal intestine, beef by default.


IP

ilmu pemerintahan
ilmu pemerintahan#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of ilmu pemerintahan.

indeks prestasi
indeks prestasi#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of indeks prestasi.


spirit

From Dutch spirit, from English spirit, from Middle English spirit, from Old French espirit (“spirit”), from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow, breathe”). Doublet of spiritus.

der

the soul of a person or other creature. What moves through experience into self-definition as souls purpose.

a supernatural being, often but not exclusively without physical form; ghost, fairy, angel.

(figurative) enthusiasm, energy; ardour.


rouge

Unadapted borrowing from French rouge (“red”), from Middle French rouge, from Old French roge, rouge, from Latin rubeus.

ubor

rouge: Red or pink makeup to add colour to the cheeks; blusher.


grub

From the confusion of final voiced consonants with voiceless ones (final obstruent devoicing does exist in Indonesian), or influenced by some grammatical forms of Turkish grup (e.g. grubu, grubun, etc.)


rana

From Sanskrit रण (raṇa, “delight, pleasure, gladness, joy”).


detonator

detonator (canonical)
détonator (canonical)

From Dutch detonator, from English detonator.

detonator: a device used to detonate an explosive device etc.


PIN

personal identification number
personal identification number#English

Initialism of personal identification number.

pusat informasi nasional
pusat informasi nasional#Indonesian

Initialism of pusat informasi nasional (“national information center”).

pekan imunisasi nasional
pekan imunisasi nasional#Indonesian

Initialism of pekan imunisasi nasional (“national immunization week”).


ATM

anjungan tunai mandiri
anjungan tunai mandiri#Indonesian

automated teller machine
automated teller machine

(banking) Initialism of anjungan tunai mandiri (“automated teller machine”).

anjungan transaksi mandiri
anjungan transaksi mandiri#Indonesian

(banking) Initialism of anjungan transaksi mandiri (“automated teller machine”).

asynchronous transfer mode
asynchronous transfer mode#English

(computing) Initialism of asynchronous transfer mode.

alat tenun mesin
alat tenun mesin#Indonesian


detail

dêtail (canonical)
detail-detail (plural)

Borrowed from English detail, from Middle French détail, from Old French detail, from detaillier, from de- + taillier (“to cut”).


leger

(education) a ledger, the marking register.


jam

From Malay jam, from Sanskrit याम (yāma, “time”).

clock (instrument to measure or keep track of time)

(colloquial) time (particular moment or hour; the appropriate moment or hour for something)


portal

From Dutch portaal, from Middle French portal, from Old French portal, from Latin porta. Doublet of porta.

(colloquial) website as an entrance to other websites or pages on the Internet.


alot

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦭꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (alot), from Old Javanese alot, alwat.


ter

From Dutch teer (“tar”), from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *derwo-.

tar, the black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal.


ter

Learned borrowing from Latin ter (“thrice”).


balustrade

From Dutch balustrade, from French balustrade, from Italian balaustrata.

(architecture) balustrade: a row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building.


lung

Inherited from Malay [Term?], from Hokkien [Term?] 籠／笼 (láng, lâng, lông, lóng, “bamboo container”).


lung

alternative spelling of long (“large firecracker”).


ken

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦺꦤ꧀ (kén), from Old Javanese ken (“particle before a noun (categorical or proper) denoting a person of some rank”).


ken

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 縣(けん) (ken, “prefecture”). Romanised according modified Kunrei-shiki romanization.

(historical, 1942-1945) Synonym of kabupaten (“regency”)


bon

From Dutch bon (“receipt”), from French bon, from Middle French bon, from Old French bon, from Latin bonus (“good”), from Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos. Cognate of Danish bon (“receipt”).


bon

From Dutch bond (“bond”), from Middle Dutch bund, from Proto-Germanic *bandaz, *bandiz (“band, fetter”). Cognate of English bond.


bom

From Dutch bom, from French bombe, from Italian bomba, from Latin bombus (“a boom”).

bomb, an explosive device used or intended as a weapon.


bom

From Dutch boom (“tree, pole”), from Middle Dutch bôom, from Old Dutch bōm, from Proto-Germanic *baumaz.


bom

From Dutch slagboom (“boom barrier, boom gate”) or boom (“beam, barrier”). Compare to Dutch boomklok (“A bell tolled during the opening (in the morning) or closing (in the evening) of a port”, literally “beam bell”).


bos

Borrowed from Dutch bos, from Middle Dutch bosch, from Old Dutch *busc, from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.


bos

From English boss, from Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-Germanic *baswô, masculine form of Proto-Germanic *baswǭ (“father's sister, aunt, cousin”). Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”) > Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”), Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”) > German Base (“aunt, cousin”). Doublet of bas.


fait accompli

Unadapted borrowing from French fait accompli.


tik

typewriter (a device, at least partially mechanical, used to print text by pressing keys that cause type to be impressed through an inked ribbon onto paper)


pagina

Borrowed from Dutch pagina, from Latin pāgina.


op

From Javindo op or hop (“stop”), from Dutch ophouden (“uphold; stop”). Doublet of stop.


kom

From Dutch kom, from Middle Dutch comme, probably from Proto-Germanic *kumbaz (cognate of Sanskrit कुम्भ (kumbha, “a pot, jug”), which doublet of kumba (“pot”)).


dom

From Javanese ꦢꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (dom, “needle”), from Old Javanese dom (“needle”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum. Doublet of jarum.


dom

From Dutch dom, from Middle Dutch doem, from Latin domus (“house, building”), from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm, from root Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“to build”). Cf. Old Dutch duom.

either an episcopal cathedral or another major church (often a basilica) which has been granted this high rank.


som

From Dutch zoom (“hem; edge, border”), from Middle Dutch sôom, from Old Dutch *sōm, from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz (“that which is sewn”).

der

(sewing, colloquial) seam (folded back and stitched piece of fabric)


zet

The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.


santo

Borrowed from Portuguese santo (“male saint”), from Old Galician-Portuguese santo, from Latin sānctus, perfect passive participle of sanciō (“consecrate, appoint as sacred”), from Proto-Indo-European *sān- (“healthy, happy”).


intro

From Dutch intro, from Latin intrōductiō (“lead-in, introduction”).

Clipping of introduksi (“introduction”).

the opening sequence at beginning of a film, television program, etc.


administrator

From Dutch administrator (“administrator”), from Latin administrator (“administrator”).

(government, management, politics) one who administers affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or dispenses, whether in civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical affairs; a manager

information technology
information technology

(computing, information technology) one who is responsible for software installation, management, information and maintenance of a computer or network


admiral

From Dutch admiraal, from Middle Dutch ammirael under influence from Latin admīrārī (“to admire, to respect”), from Old French amiral, from Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”). Equivalent to amir + bahar.


mezzo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian mezzo, from Latin medius.


ada

From Malay ada, from Classical Malay اد (ada), from Old Malay hada, from Proto-Malayic *ada, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ada, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *wada, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada.

Ia ada di sana.
He/she is over there.
Dia ada di sana deh.

Ada tiga pilihan yang tersedia.
There are three options available.
Ada tiga pilihan sedia.

Ia tidak ada uang
He/she does not have money.
Dia gak ada uangnya.


agape

From Ancient Greek ἀγάπη (agápē, “love; the love between man and God; Christian love feasts”).

(Catholicism) agape, love; the love between man and God; Christian love feasts.


agenda

From Dutch agenda, from Latin agenda (“things that ought to be done”).

A notebook used to organize and maintain such plans or lists, an agenda book, an agenda planner.

agenda,
A list of matters to be taken up.


register

régistêr (canonical)
register-register (plural)

From Dutch register, from Middle Dutch register, from Old French registre, from Medieval Latin registrum.

a formal recording of names, events, transactions etc.

(printing) the exact alignment of lines, margins and colors.

(computing) a small unit of very fast memory that is directly accessible to the central processing unit, and is mostly used to store inputs, outputs or intermediate results of computations.


ajar

head

ajar (base-imperative ajar, active mengajar, passive diajar)

mengajar (active)
diajar (passive)
ajar (root)
belajar (active)
mengajar (active)
terajar (active involuntary)
diajar (active involuntary passive)
ajar (active)
ajarlah (active)
mengajari (active locative)
terajari (involuntary locative)
diajari (involuntary locative passive)
ajari (locative)
ajarilah (locative)
mengajarkan (active applicative causative)
terajarkan (applicative causative)
diajarkan (applicative causative passive)
ajarkan (applicative causative)
ajarkanlah (applicative causative)
terpelajar (active causative involuntary)
mempelajari (active causative locative)
terpelajari (causative involuntary locative)
dipelajari (causative involuntary locative passive)
pelajari (causative locative)
pelajarilah (causative locative)
mempelajarkan (active applicative causative)
terpelajarkan (applicative causative)
dipelajarkan (applicative causative passive)
pelajarkan (applicative causative)

id-conj-base

This verb has irregular forms when affixed to ber- and per- which resulted on initial -l- on belajar and pelajar (also a noun), otherwise conjugated regularly like intransitive meng- verbs. Some forms of the locative does not exist.

From Malay ajar, from Classical Malay اجر (ajar), from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “teacher, master”), likely derived from आचार (ācāra, “conduct, behavior”). Doublet of acar, acara, acarya, and hajar.


alarm

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch alarm.


alibi

Borrowed from Dutch alibi, from Latin alibī (“elsewhere, at another place”).

der

(law) the plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed.


alkali

From Dutch alkali, from French alcali, ultimately from Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily, “alkali, ashes of the saltwort”), related to قَلَى (qalā, “to roast in a pan, fry”).

(chemistry) alkali, a group of bases from alkali metal group.

(chemistry) base, any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds, having bitter taste, that turn red litmus blue, and react with acids to form salts.


along

From Borneo Malay [Term?], probably cognate of Dupaningan Agta along (“son”) and Indonesian sulung.


along

Acronym of alat penolong (“rescue equipment”)..


KIA

kartu identitas anak
kartu identitas anak#Indonesian

kesehatan ibu dan anak
kesehatan ibu dan anak#Indonesian


raison d'être

Unadapted borrowing from French raison d’être (literally “reason to be”).


Injil

From Malay injil, from Arabic إِنْجِيل (ʔinjīl), ultimately from Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion). Doublet of evangeli.

Inilah Injil Yesus Kristus menurut Matius / Markus / Lukas / Yohanes

A reading from the Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Matthew / Mark / Luke / John


amati

head

amati (active mengamati, passive diamati, perfective passive teramati)

mengamati (active)
diamati (passive)
teramati (passive perfective)

(transitive) to observe (to notice or view, especially carefully or with attention to detail)


amati

paternal blood aunt (one's father's sister)


knot

Internationalism, borrowed from English knot (“a unit of speed”, literally “a looping of a piece of string”), from Middle English knotte, from Old English cnotta, from Proto-West Germanic *knottō, from Proto-Germanic *knuttô, *knudô (“knot”); probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gnod- (“to bind”).

bor+

(aviation, nautical) a unit of speed, equal to one nautical mile per hour.

(aviation) a unit of indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed, or equivalent airspeed, which varies in its relation to the unit of speed so as to compensate for the effects of different ambient atmospheric conditions on aircraft performance.


dengan

Inherited from Malay dengan, from Proto-Malayic *dəŋan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋan.

Aku berbicara dengan Martin.

Kututupi telingaku dengan dua tanganku. Biarlah cepat berlalu dan kugadaikan cintaku.

1986, “Kugadaikan Cintaku [I Pawn My Love]”, in Apel, performed by Gombloh:

I close my ears with your two hands. Let (time) pass quickly and I pawn my love.

Om Djati panggilan akrabnya mengatakan kami anggota Hipakad sengaja terjun ke lokasi untuk bergabung dengan masyarakat dan Satgas TMMD ikut menyukseskan Program TMMD Reguler Ke-103 Kodim 0732/Sleman dengan menyumbangkan tenaga serta pikiran kami guna meningkatkan jiwa nasionalisme anak bangsa.

2018 October 23, “Tingkatkan Jiwa Nasionalisme Dengan Sumbang Tenaga Dalam TMMD [Increase the Spirit of Nationalism by Contributing Energy in the TMMD]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-24:

Om Djati, which is his nickname, says that, "We, the (squad) members of Hipakad deliberately plunged to the location to join with the community and the TMMD Task Force also made successful the TMMD Program for the 103rd Regular Kodim 0732/Sleman by contributing our energy and minds to increase the spirit of nationalism of the nation's people."

Used to indicate simultaneous happening, or immediate succession or consequence.

Jagalah rumah dengan ketat.

used to form adverbs from adjectives; -ly


wanita

id-noun

wanita (plural wanita-wanita or para wanita)

wanita-wanita (plural)
para wanita (plural)

→ Malay: wanita


beli

actor beli (imperative root)
beli (root)
membeli (active)
terbeli (active involuntary)
dibeli (active involuntary passive)
beli (active)
belilah (active)
membelikan (active applicative causative locative)
terbelikan (applicative causative locative)
dibelikan (applicative causative locative passive)
belikan (applicative causative locative)
belikanlah (applicative causative locative)

From Malay beli, from Proto-Malayic *bəli, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bəli, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bəli, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəli, from Proto-Austronesian *bəli.


Adi

From Javanese Adi, from Sanskrit अधि (adhi).


apa

From Malay apa, from Proto-Malayic *apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa.


apa

Apa kamu mengerti?


banten

banên (canonical)
banten-banten (plural)

From Balinese ᬩᬦ᭄ᬢᭂᬦ᭄ (banten, “offering”), from Old Javanese bantĕn (“offering”), bali (“tribute, offering”), from Sanskrit बलि (bali).


bapa

From Malay bapa, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?]. Doublet of Bapa and bapak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).


coklat

Mereka tidak hanya dijadikan target konsumen tapi juga diharapkan ikut berkecimpung di dalam bisnis produksi panganan berbahan coklat.

2017 October 26, Amelia Hapsari, “Permintaan Coklat di Jogja Tinggi [High Demand for Chocolate in Yogyakarta]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-12-31:

They not only become the targeted consumer but are also expected to be involved in the production business of food made from chocolate.

Nonstandard form of cokelat (“chocolate; brown color”).


arti

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦂꦠꦶ (arti, “to translate; meaning; mind, thought”), from Old Javanese arthi (“meaning, explanation”), from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of arta, erti, and harta.

der

the denotation, referent, or idea connected with a word, expression, or symbol

the connotation associated with a word, expression, or symbol

the purpose, value, or significance (of something) beyond the fact of that thing's existence

arti luas

sense (any particular meaning of a word, among its various meanings)


carillon

Unadapted borrowing from French carillon.

ubor

(music) carillon: a set of bells, often in a bell tower, sometimes operated by means of a keyboard (manual or pedal), originating from the Low Countries.


baju

From Malay baju, from Classical Malay باجو (baju), from Classical Persian بازو (bāzū, “upper arm”), from Old Persian 𐎲𐎠𐏀𐎢 (b-a-z-u /bāzu/), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”). Doublet of bahu.

der

baju koko

traditional Malay-Indonesian men Muslim shirt


celeng

cèlèng (canonical)
celeng-celeng (plural)

From Javanese ꦕꦺꦭꦺꦁ (cèlèng, “wild boar, piggy bank”) (compare to Balinese ᬘᬾᬮᬾᬂ (céléng, “pig”)), from Old Javanese celeṅ (“pig, boar”), probably from Austroasiatic Proto-Mon-Khmer *liik, *lik (“pig”) (compare to Old Mon cliṅ (“pig”)).

bor

(Javanese) synonym of celengan (“piggy bank”).


barat

Inherited from Malay barat, from Proto-Malayic *barat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *habaʀat (“southwest monsoon”), from Proto-Austronesian *Sabaʀat (“south wind”).


rembulan

Borrowed from Javanese ꦉꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭꦤ꧀ (rembulan).


mau

Kamu mau makan apa?.

Saya mau kamu meninggalkan kelas ini.

(transitive) to wish for or desire (something); to feel a need or desire for; to crave or demand

Aku mau sarapan yang manis.

Dia mau pakaian baru.

(transitive, in particular) to wish, desire, or demand to see, have the presence of or do business with

Kamu boleh meninggalkan ruangan ini jika kamu mau.

(intransitive) to experience desire; to wish

Ibu mau pergi ke pasar untuk membeli bahan makanan.

Mother will go to the market to buy food.

(somewhat informal) used to express the future tense, sometimes with an implication of volition or determination when used in the first person

(auxiliary) to will
to be able to, to have the capacity

Maukah kamu menikahiku?

Aku sudah memberitahukan dia berkali-kali, tapi dia tetap tak mau meminum obatnya.

I've told him many times, but he still doesn't want to take his medicine.

used to express intention but without any temporal connotations, often in questions and negation


mau

wish; desire (a hope or longing for something or for something to happen)


tali

From Malay tali, from Proto-Malayic *tali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *talih, from Proto-Austronesian *CaliS.


laki-laki

Inherited from Malay laki-laki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Madurese lalake, Tagalog lalaki); Full reduplication of laki.


laki-laki

Seorang laki-laki yang tampan


jantan

From Malay jantan, from Old Javanese jantĕn.

male (belonging or referring to the sex having the smaller gametes (of animals and plants))


betina

From Malay betina, from Proto-Malayic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina.

female (belonging to the sex with larger, fertilizable gametes (for animals))


Belanda

From Malay Belanda, from Javanese ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦢ (walanda), from Portuguese Holanda (“Holland”), from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”).

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


belajar

From Malay belajar, from Classical Malay belajar. Equivalent to ber- + ajar.

Aku sedang belajar mengemudi.

membelajarkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


kamar

→ Petjo: kamar

→ Ternate: kamar

From Malay kamar, from Dutch kamer (“chamber, room”), from Middle Dutch camere, from Old Dutch *kamara, from Latin camera, ultimately from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “vault”). Doublet of kamera and kamerad.

Kamarku di lantai 19.

laporan perkiraan potensi penjualan kamar


kamar

From Malay kamar, from Arabic قمر (qamar, “moon”).


kuda

From Malay kuda.
* Probably from Tamil குதிரை (kutirai).
* Alternatively, from Prakrit 𑀖𑁄𑀟𑀬 (ghoḍaya), from Sanskrit घोटक (ghoṭaka), from Proto-Dravidian *kHutt-.
The sense of knight (chess) is a semantic loan from Dutch paard (“knight (chess)”, literally “horse”).


hewan

From Malay haiwan, hewan, from Classical Malay [script needed] (haiwan), [script needed] (hewan).


waktu

From Malay waktu, from Arabic وَقْت (waqt, “time”).

time (time of day, as indicated by a clock, etc)

time (measurement under some system of the time of day or moment in time)

time (numerical indication of a particular moment in time)


uang

From Malay wang, uang, from Late Classical Malay واڠ (wang), واڠ (uang), probably borrowed from Chinese Hokkien 環／环 (hoân, “round”) or Hakka 環／环 (vàn, “round”).


duit

→ Petjo: doewit

Borrowed from Dutch duit (“a small Dutch coin”).

(historical) A doit, a Dutch copper coin with the value of ¹⁄₁₂₀ of a rupiah


Jerman

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


pisang

From Malay pisang. Compare Acehnese pisang, Banjarese pisang.

The tropical tree-like plant which bears clusters of bananas. The plant of the genus Musa.

An elongated curved tropical fruit that grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin.


Belgia

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


ingat

Inherited from Malay ingat (“to remember”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iŋat, from Proto-Austronesian *iŋat.


pulau

Inherited from Malay pulau, from Proto-Malayic *pulaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pulaw.
Cognates
Cognate with Minangkabau pulau, Sundanese ᮕᮥᮜᮧ (pulo), Balinese ᬧᬸᬮᭀ (pulo), Javanese ꦥꦸꦭꦺꦴ (pulo), Uneapa vulo.

island (a contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, totally surrounded by water)


Spanyol

From Malay Sepanyol, from Dutch spanjool (“Spaniard”), from Spanish español (“Spanish”), from Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispāniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Amerika Serikat

Compound of Amerika + serikat, a calque of English United States of America. Cognate with Piawai Malay Amerika Syarikat.

clq

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


jalang

(vulgar, offensive) bitch
a promiscuous woman, slut, whore

a despicable or disagreeable, aggressive person, usually a woman


jalang

head

jalang (comparative lebih jalang, superlative terjalang, equative sejalang)

lebih jalang (comparative)
terjalang (superlative)
sejalang (equative)


jalang

Borrowed from Minangkabau jalang, from Proto-Malayic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan. Doublet of jalan.


kawan

From Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.

friend (person whose company one enjoys)

Hanya beberapa orang pemimpin PKI berhasil menyelamatkan diri ke luar negeri, di antaranya anggota Central Comite PKI, Kawan Musso.

Only several PKI leaders succeeded in saving themselves by traveling abroad, one of them being Comrade Musso, a member of the Central Committee of the PKI.


sahabat

From Malay sahabat, from Classical Malay sahabat, from Arabic صَحَابَة (ṣaḥāba). Doublet of sobat.

der

Arabic صَحَابَة (ṣaḥāba)


kayu

From Malay kayu, from Proto-Malayic *kayu, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw, from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.


film

film (a medium used to capture images in a camera)


Rusia

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


abu

From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.


abu

From Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”). Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas.


sudah

From Malay sudah, borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha).

Sudah berapa lama kamu belajar bahasa indonesia?

How long have you been learning Indonesian?

perfective aspect
perfective aspect#English

perfective aspect, indicating that the process has been accomplished.


asing

Inherited from Malay asing. Meanings 3-7 probably semantic loans from English foreign.

foreign (belonging to a different culture)

foreign (in a place where it does not belong)


tidak

From Malay tidak, from Proto-Malayic *daʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq.

Kami tidak tahu.

Buku itu tidak mahal.

A negative marker used for negating the meanings of verbs, adverbs, and adjectives: not


tidak

no; used to show disagreement, negation, denial, refusal, or prohibition


bumi

From Malay bumi, from Old Malay bhūmi, from Sanskrit भूमि (bhūmi).

(astronomy) our planet; third out from the Sun.

earth:
our planet; third out from the Sun.


tanah

id-noun

tanah (countable and uncountable, plural tanah-tanah)

From Malay tanah, from Proto-Malayic *tanah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tanəq.

earth, soil, dirt (unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth)

ground (the surface of the Earth, as opposed to the sky or water or underground)

(rare) ground (basis, foundation, groundwork, legwork)

land (the part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water)


sebab

From Malay sebab, from Classical Malay sebab, from Arabic سَبَب (sabab).

menyebabkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disebabkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


sebab

Menurut Eko, kebakaran diketahui warga desanya sebab ada asap tebal di kawasan hutan dekat dengan makam Ki Ageng Pandanaran.

2018 August 26, Achmad Hussain, “Kebakaran Lahan Hutan di Klaten Meluas ke Selatan [Forest Land Fires in Klaten Spreads to the South]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-10-27:

According to Eko, the fire was found out by the people of his village because there was thick smoke at the forest area that is close to the tomb of Ki Ageng Pandanaran.


mereka

From Malay mereka, from earlier mareka, from Old Javanese marika. Displaced Proto-Malayic *sida(ʔ) (whence Iban sida).

Mereka akan mengunjungi rumah kita.

Sekolah mereka bersih.

Third person plural pronoun: they, them, their

poetic.Notes:This table only shows some personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language.The second person pronouns are usually avoided for someone of higher status

older.Not including the clitic pronouns.See Appendix:Indonesian personal pronouns for more information.


hilang

From Malay hilang,
from Classical Malay hilang.

to disappear, to vanish, to be no longer visible


hitam

From Malay hitam, from Proto-Malayic *hitəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)qitəm.

Orang itu memiliki mobil hitam.


hutan

From Malay hutan, from Proto-Malayic *hutan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.


cinta

From Malay cinta, from Sanskrit चिन्ता (cintā, “thinking, sad, care, anxiety, consideration”).

der

(archaic) desire (an eager longing for something)

(archaic) worry (a strong feeling of anxiety for something)


cinta

(archaic) to desire (to wish for earnestly)


meja

From Malay meja, from Portuguese mesa (“table”), from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin mēnsa.


ahad

Inherited from Malay ahad, from Classical Malay احد (ahad), from Arabic وَاحِد (wāḥid). Doublet of wahid.


ajaib

Inherited from Malay ajaib, from Classical Malay عجأيب (ajaib), from Arabic عَجَائِب (ʕajāʔib).


babu

Inherited from Malay babu, from Javanese ꦧꦧꦸ (babu, “female servant”, literally “mother”), from Old Javanese babu (“mother; older servant”), wawuh (“familiar, acquainted”). Compare Portuguese babo.


bagasi

Borrowed from Dutch bagatie or bagage, from Middle French bagage, from Old French bagage, from bague + -age, ultimately from Old Norse baggi.


bangun

Inherited from Malay bangun, from Proto-Malayic *baŋun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baŋun, from Proto-Austronesian *baŋuN.

to awake; to wake up
To become conscious after having slept.

(figurative) To come out of a state of inaction or dormancy.

To rise from one's bed, usually upon waking up in order to begin one's day.

To move from a lying or sitting position to a standing position; to stand up.

to rise (to swell or puff up in the process of fermentation; to become light)

to arise (to spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself)

(obsolete) to melt (to to be changed from a solid state to a liquid state, usually by a gradual heat)


bangun

(usually used in geometric contexts) shape (a graphical representation of an object's form or its external boundary, outline, or external surface)

structure (a cohesive whole built up of distinct parts)


bangun

head

bangun (active membangun, passive dibangun)

To form (something) by combining materials or parts.

To develop or give form to (something) according to a plan or process.

To increase or strengthen (something) by adding gradually to.

(transitive) to build
To establish a basis for (something).


bangun

wergeld; blood money (money paid (as by a killer or the killer's clan) to the family of a person who has been killed)


beda

beda (stative verb berbeda, comparative lebih beda, informal comparative bedaan, superlative terbeda, equative sebeda)

berbeda (stative verb)
lebih beda (comparative)
bedaan (comparative informal)
terbeda (superlative)
sebeda (equative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भेद (bheda, “contrast, distinction, difference”) via Malay beda.


belum

Inherited from Malay belum, from Proto-Malayic *bəlum.

Ini sudah siang, tapi mereka belum datang.

It's already noon, but they have not come yet.

not yet (not for the moment, though expected later)


biasa

Inherited from Malay biasa, from Old Javanese byasa, bhyāsa, abhyāsa (“to be familiar with”), from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa, “habit”).

der

(usually preceded by sudah) used, usual, accustomed


binatang

Inherited from Malay binatang, from batang (“corpse”) + -in-.


cambuk

From Malay cambuk, from Persian چابک (čâbok, “horsewhip”).

whip (a rope or rod used to create a sharp "crack" sound for directing or herding animals)

(specifically) an East and Central Javanese bullock whip, bullwhip or buffalo whip


cambuk

head

cambuk (active mencambuk, passive dicambuk)

to whip (to hit with a whip or any flexible object)


dan

Inherited from Malay dan, probably from dengan, or Proto-Malayic *dua(ʔ)-an.

and (used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera)


enam

From Malay enam, from Proto-Malayic *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ənəm, from Proto-Austronesian *ənəm.


gila

From Malay gila, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gila (“wild; skittish; insane”).


hamba

From Malay hamba, from Sanskrit हम्भाय (hambhāya, “low”), compare to Sanskrit हंबतारा (haṃbatārā, “good man”).


hamba

(archaic, humble) I, me, my, your servant


makan

Inherited from Malay makan, from Proto-Malayic *makan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən. Doublet of makam and pakan.

Pagi ini saya makan ikan.

Pembangunan sekolah ini memakan biaya tinggi.

The construction of this school consumes a lot of money.

(of money, time etc.) to eat, consume, use up

Remnya sempat gak makan di tengah jalan.

The brake wasn't working in the middle of the road.

(usually of a machine part, pen, etc.) to work (to function correctly)

Dia memakan sebagian besar uang milik koperasi itu.

He embezzled most of the cooperative's money.

(uncommon, idiomatic) to sleep with (to have sex with)


makan

Clipping of makanan (literally “food, meal”).

clip

(used only in a phrase) sustenance (something that provides support or nourishment)


tinggi

From Malay tinggi, from Sanskrit तुङ्ग (tuṅga, “high”).

physically elevated, extending above a base or average level (e.g. building, heel, grass)

tall, having a specified elevation or height (e.g. person, building, tree)

demam tinggi

elevated in status, esteem, or prestige, or in importance or development; exalted in rank, station, or character.

lofty, often to the point of arrogant, haughty, boastful, proud.

(phonetics) made with some part of the tongue positioned high in the mouth, relatively close to the palate.

Waktu aku lagi tinggi hilang akal sehatku.

intoxicated: under the influence of a mood-altering drug, formerly usually alcohol, but now (from the mid-20th century) usually not alcohol but rather marijuana, cocaine, heroin, etc.

advanced:
with greater complexity, more difficult


tinggi

height: the vertical distance from the ground to the highest part of a standing person or animal (withers in the case of a horse).


tinggi

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese tiṅgi (“bed-bug”).


tujuh

From Malay tujuh, from Proto-Malayic *tujuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuzuq (“to indicate, point”), from Proto-Austronesian *tuzuq (“to point at, point out; give directions”). Doublet of tunjuk.


kaki

From Malay kaki, from Proto-Malayic *kaki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaqay (compare Cia-Cia 까께 (kkakke)), from Proto-Austronesian *qaqay).

(anatomy) a biological structure found in many animals that is used for locomotion and that is frequently a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg.

kaki meja

a short foot-like projection on the bottom of an object to support it.

kaki bukit

a unit of measure equal to twelve inches or one third of a yard, equal to exactly 30.48 centimetres.


kaki

From Japanese 柿(かき) (kaki, “persimmon”).


kaki

From Dutch kaki (“khaki”), from Hindi ख़ाकी (xākī) / Urdu خاکی (xākī), from Persian خاکی (xâki, “dusty, earthy, earth-colored”).


lagi

From Malay lagi, from Classical Malay lagi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lagi (emphatic particle). Semantic loan from Betawi Ora lagih for "in the process of" sense.


muka

From Malay muka, from Sanskrit मुख (mukha).

the front part of the head, featuring the eyes, nose, and mouth and the surrounding area.

face
the public image; outward appearance.

act, façade, front, persona, show: an intentional and false impression of oneself.


panjang

having much distance from one terminating point on an object or an area to another terminating point.

having great duration; seemingly lasting a lot of time, because it is boring or tedious or tiring.


panjang

length: the distance measured along the longest dimension of an object.


yang

Inherited from Malay yang, from Classical Malay يڠ (yang), from Old Malay yaṃ.

rumah yang aku mau


yang

From Malay yang, from Proto-Malayic *hiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiaŋ.

(Hinduism) hyang: An unseen spirit with supernatural powers, in ancient Indonesian mythology.


yang

(philosophy) yang: A principle in Chinese and related East Asian philosophies associated with bright, hot, masculine, etc. elements of the natural world.


yang

Aphetic form of sayang (“sweetheart; darling”)


anglo

Borrowed from Hokkien 洪爐 /洪炉 (âng-lô͘, “large oven; great furnace”), from Hokkien 洪 (âng, “vast, immense”) + 爐 /炉 (lô͘, “fireplace, stove, oven, furnace”).


apes

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">apes → apas</i>

→ Malay: اڤس (apes → apas)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦥꦼꦱ꧀ (apes), from Old Javanese apĕs, apus (“weak, exhausted”). Probably related to hapus (“to delete”).


step

From English step, from Middle English steppen, from Old English steppan (“to step, go, proceed, advance”), stepe (“step”), from Proto-Germanic *stapjaną (“to step”), *stapiz (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *stab- (“to support, stomp, curse, be amazed”).


step

From Dutch stuip (“convulsion”), from Middle Dutch stūpe, stupen, stuypen (“convulsion”, literally “to duck, to bend down”), from Old English stupian (“to stoop, bend over”) (compare to English stoop (“to bend”)), from Old Norse stúpa, from Proto-Germanic *stūpōną, *stūpijaną (“to stand out”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewb- (“to push, butt, knock”). Doublet of setip.


oven

From Dutch oven, from Middle Dutch oven, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *uhnaz, *uhwnaz.

oven, a chamber used for baking or heating.


gokil

(slang, Prokem) crazy (very unexpected; wildly surprising)


bokap

Coordinate term: nyokap


tri-

From Malay tri-, from tri, from Sanskrit त्रि (tri), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


nepsong

Affixed nafsu + -ong in gay slang register, standard Indonesian nafsuan, affixed nafsu (“lust, desire”) + -an (“[base]-suffered (intense)”).


nembak

(slang) Alternative spelling of menembak

(colloquial) Alternative spelling of menembak


nembak

(Medan, Jakarta, slang) to eat without paying the bill


bantu

membantu (used-in-the-form)
bantu (root)
membantu (active)
terbantu (active involuntary)
dibantu (active involuntary passive)
bantu (active)
bantulah (active)
membantukan (active applicative causative locative)
terbantukan (applicative causative locative)
dibantukan (applicative causative locative passive)
bantukan (applicative causative locative)
bantukanlah (applicative causative locative)
memperbantukan (active applicative causative locative)
diperbantukan (applicative causative locative passive)
perbantukanlah (applicative causative locative)


cabut

head

cabut (active mencabut, passive dicabut)

Inherited from Malay cabut, from Proto-Malayic *cabut from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *cabut (“pull out with force”).

inh

Mereka sedang mencabut poster dari dinding.

They are pulling the poster off the wall.

(transitive) to pull out, pull off, unplug

Aku cabut nomor dua belas.

(transitive) to draw (to conduct or select a lottery or similar)

Izin mengemudinya sempat dicabut karena kelalaiannya.

His driving license was revoked due to his negligence.

(transitive) to retract, revoke withdraw

Gue mau cabut dulu, ya.


dengar

head

dêngar (active mendengar, passive didengar)

dêngar (canonical)
mendengar (active)
didengar (passive)

Inherited from Malay dengar, from Proto-Malayic *dəŋər, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋəʀ. Doublet of rungu (“hearing ability”).

(intransitive, stative) to perceive sounds through the ear

to hear
to perceive sounds through the ear

Aku mendengar sesuatu dari bawah sana.

(transitive, stative) to perceive (a sound, or something producing a sound) with the ear, to recognize (something) in an auditory way

(transitive) to listen favourably to; to grant (a request etc.)

Aku baru saja mendengar kabar ini dari temanku.

(transitive) to receive information about; to come to learn of

to use one's sense of hearing in an intentional way; to make deliberate use of one's ears; to pay attention to or wait for a specific sound

to accept advice or obey instruction; to agree or assent


kecil

From Malay kecil, from Classical Malay kecil, from Proto-Malayic *kəcil. Doublet of kucil.


engkau

From Malay engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu. The eng- component is epenthetical to avoid a monosyllabic pronunciation.

(Borneo, Medan, informal, poetic) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


berangkat

Inherited from Malay berangkat, from Classical Malay berangkat (“depart”), equivalent to ber- + angkat.


USB

(education) Initialism of unit sekolah baru (“new school unit”).


rounders

Unadapted borrowing from English rounders.

ubor

rounders: a team sport played with bat and ball with one fielding side and one batting side. It is similar to softball and baseball.


mega-

From Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas, “great, large, mighty”).


urine

From Dutch urine, from Middle Dutch urine, from older orine, from Old French orine, urine, from Latin urina.

(physiology) urine: liquid waste consisting of water, salts, and urea, which is made in the kidneys, stored in the bladder, then released through the urethra.


uterus

utèrus (canonical)
uterus-uterus (plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úd
Proto-Indo-European *-teros
Proto-Indo-European *úderos
Latin uterusder.
Indonesian uterus
Learned borrowing from Latin uterus, from Proto-Indo-European *úderos (“abdomen, stomach”), from *úd (“out, outward”) + *-eros (contrastive suffix).

af

(anatomy, medicine, zoology) womb, uterus


hotel

From Dutch hotel, from French hôtel, from Middle French hostel, from Old French ostel; inherited from Late Latin hospitālis, hospitāle (“hospice, shelter, guesthouse”), noun use of Latin hospitālis (“hospitable; pertaining to a host or guest”).

der

hotel, an establishment that provides accommodation and other services for paying guests; normally larger than a guesthouse, and often one of a chain.

perhotelan [causative passive + resultative


tera

Unknown. Possibly from Sanskrit तर (tara, “surpassing, excelling”).

as sign of standarisation and calibration.


pandang

head

pandang (active memandang, passive dipandang)

(transitive) to look (to try to see, to pay attention to with one’s eyes)

(transitive, obsolete, except in some affixations and compounds) to see (to perceive or detect someone or something with the eyes, or as if by sight)


bapak

From Malay bapa, bapak, from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (“someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like”) + apak, which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, “father”), and comparable to modern ber- + apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).


celana

→ Ternate: calana

From Malay celana, from Classical Malay چلان (celana), from Hindi चोलना (colnā). Compare to Sabah Malay celana, salana.


ganteng

head

gantêng (comparative lebih ganteng, superlative paling ganteng or terganteng, equative seganteng)

gantêng (canonical)
lebih ganteng (comparative)
paling ganteng (superlative)
terganteng (superlative)
seganteng (equative)

Borrowed from Javanese ganteng. Compare to Kapampangan santing.

(of a man or boy) handsome (attractively manly, having a pleasing face and overall effect)


ganteng

(intransitive, dialectal) to become or get thicker


perempuan

Inherited from Malay perempuan; empu + per- -an.

female (belonging to the sex with larger, fertilizable gametes (of humans))


ceban

From Betawi ceban (“ten thousand”), from Hokkien 一萬 /一万 (chi̍t-bān, “ten thousand”).


manyun

Dia manyun karena marah sama pacarnya.

She's pouting because she's angry with his boyfriend.

(colloquial) pouting (pushing one's lips outward, usually due to sulking or disappointment)


pasir

Inherited from Malay pasir, from Proto-Malayic *pasir, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pasiʀ (“sandbank, shoal in river or sea”).


massa

From Dutch [Term?] from Middle Dutch masse, from Old French attested from the 11th century, via late Latin massa (“lump, dough”), from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza, “barley-cake, lump (of dough)”). The Greek noun is derived from the verb μάσσω (mássō, “to knead”), ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European *maǵ- (“to oil, knead”). Standard spelling retain double s to avoid confusion with word masa (time).

der

a quantity of matter cohering together so as to make one body, or an aggregation of particles or things which collectively make one body or quantity, usually of considerable size.

(physics) the quantity of matter which a body contains, irrespective of its bulk or volume. It is one of four fundamental properties of matter. It is measured in kilograms in the SI system of measurement.

(surgery) tumor: a palpable or visible abnormal globular structure.

a large body of individuals, especially persons.


zooplankton

Internationalism, Borrowed from English zooplankton.


anak

From Malay anak, from Classical Malay انق (anak), from Proto-Malayic *anak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak, from Proto-Austronesian *aNak.

child (a female or male child, a daughter or son)

anak ayam

anak pisang

(Heading) a young creature
young of animal or plant

anak kapal

(Heading) a person associated with a particular identity or trait

Gue anak padus.

I am a choirister. (literally, “I am a child of a choir.”)

(colloquial) A member or attendee of an organization, group, event, institution, school, etc.

anak Jakarta
Jakartan
(literally, “child of Jakarta”)

anak kunci

(Heading) small or miniature
a component part of a whole

anak bukit

a smaller version of something similar that is larger or bigger


tinggal

to abide; to stay; to endure; to last: to continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity.

to remain:
to continue in a state of being.

to live, to inhabit, to reside: to have permanent residence somewhere.


beliau

(honorific) he, she; him, her (referring to someone highly respected, of higher status or older)


di

Inherited from Malay di, from Proto-Malayic *di, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *i, from Proto-Austronesian *i. Doublet of -i.

Gelasnya di meja.

positioned at the upper surface of, touching from above

Ada luka besar di punggungnya.

positioned at or resting against the outer surface of; attached to

on
at or in (a certain region or location)

on
near; adjacent to; alongside; just off

Kami makan cukup banyak saat di kereta.

(with certain modes of transport, especially public transport) inside (a vehicle) for the purpose of travelling

Ada sedikit sisa air di botolku.

There is a little water left in my bottle.

Ada banyak pohon di taman itu.

Kita ada di kemah musuh.

Ulang tahunku di bulan Januari.

(indicating time) indicating occurrence in an instant of time or a period of time relatively short in context or from the speaker's perspective.

(used for skills (including in activities) or areas of knowledge) on the subject of; regarding

(dialect) to (in the direction of, so as to arrive at)

(dialect, especially in Central Sumatra) about; of (used as a function word to indicate what is dealt with as the object of thought, feeling, or action)

(dialect, especially in Central Sumatra) from


mahal

From Malay mahal, from Sanskrit महार्घ (mahārgha).


harga

From Malay harga (“price”), from Sanskrit अर्घ (argha, “price”).

harga tanda masuk


bunuh

head

bunuh (active membunuh, passive dibunuh, perfective passive terbunuh)

membunuh (active)
dibunuh (passive)
terbunuh (passive perfective)

Inherited from Malay bunuh, from Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.


kamu

From Malay kamu, from Proto-Malayic *kamu(ʔ) (“you, your (plural)”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.

inh

Kamu mau baju ini?

Dia mau berteman dengan kamu.

Pena kamu ada di laci ini.

(casual or informal, usually singular) Second person pronoun: you, your


membunuh

From Malay membunuh. Equivalent to meng- + bunuh.

(transitive, literally) To extinguish the life; to make someone die

Perusahaan asing itu membunuh banyak usaha setempat di sini.

The foreign company killed many local businesses here.

(figuratively, hyperbolic) to overpower, overwhelm, or defeat

to kill
to overpower, overwhelm, or defeat


membunuh

(transitive) To erase (writing), to extinguish (fire), to close (leakage).


pembunuhan

killing (an instance of someone being killed)


cacing

/ˈt͡ʃat͡ʃiŋ/

[ˈt͡ʃa.t͡ʃɪŋ]

Inherited from Malay cacing, from Proto-Malayic *caciŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *caciŋ (“a kind of worm”).


imperial

From Dutch imperiaal, from French impérial, from Latin imperiālis.


acara

From Malay acara, from Classical Malay اچارا (acara), from Sanskrit आचार (ācāra), from the root चर् (car), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”). Doublet of acaram and ajar.
* The sense of court examination is a learned borrowing from Old Javanese ācāra (“custom, practice”) as a semantic loan from Dutch proces (“trial court”, literally “process, procedure”).


amuk

amuk (root)
mengamuk (active)
diamuk (active involuntary passive)
amuk (active)
amuklah (active)
diamuki (involuntary locative passive)


anda

Alternative letter-case form of Anda (“you, your”)


anda

(dialectal, West Sumatra) to be deliberately intercepted


antologi

From Dutch anthologie, from French anthologie, from Ancient Greek ἀνθολογία (anthología, “collection of flowers”).

der

(literature) anthology (collection of literary works)


atas

From Malay atas, from Proto-Malayic *atas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *atas (compare Tagalog taas), from Proto-Austronesian *aCas.


atas

mengatasi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mengataskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

teratasi [agentless action + causative benefactive]

in connection with, with reference to, regarding

Buku itu terdiri atas beberapa bab.

Ia berlagak tidak mengerti atas masalah itu.

He/she pretended not to understand about that problem.

Sifat distributif perkalian atas penjumlahan dan pengurangan

The distributive property of multiplication over addition and subtraction.


awas

awas (root)
mengawas (active)
diawas (active involuntary passive)
awas (active)
awaslah (active)
mengawasi (active locative)
terawasi (involuntary locative)
diawasi (involuntary locative passive)
awasi (locative)
awasilah (locative)
mengawaskan (active applicative causative)
terawaskan (applicative causative)
diawaskan (applicative causative passive)
awaskan (applicative causative)
awaskanlah (applicative causative)

Inherited from Malay awas, from Javanese ꦲꦮꦱ꧀ (awas), from Old Javanese awās, ultimately from Classical Persian آواز (āwāz, “voice, sound, call”). Cognate with Sanskrit वाच् (vā́c) and Latin vōx. Doublet of mawas and wawas.

Awas amukan gempa bumi


ayo

From Malay ayuh, ayo, from Classical Malay ايوه (ayuh), ايو (ayo). Cognate of Malay ayuh, Javanese ꦲꦪꦺꦴ (ayo, “come on, let's, please”).

cog

Ayo beli baju Hishiro sekarang!

Come on, get your own Hishiro clothes now!


baca

→ Cia-Cia: baca

From Malay baca, from Sanskrit वाचा (vācā, “speech, word”).

bacai

to read repeatedly; to learn; to make fun of

Dia sedang membaca koran di teras.

He is reading a newspaper on the terrace.

to read (to look at and interpret letters or other information)

Setiap hari di kelas akan disuruh bergiliran membaca.

Every day in class we will be asked to take turns reading.

to read (to speak aloud words or other information that is written)


bagi

From Malay bagi, a variant of the standard bahagi, from Proto-Malayic *bahagi (“share, portion, inheritance; to allot, divide property”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqagi.

inh

to share (to give part of what one has to somebody)

to divide (to split or separate something into two or more parts)

Sepuluh bagi lima sama dengan dua.


bagi

for (directed at; intended to belong to)


bagi

bagi-bagi

to share a lot; to share for many; division

(arithmetic, uncommon) division (the act of dividing number)


bagus

head

bagus (comparative lebih bagus, superlative paling bagus or terbagus, equative sebagus)

lebih bagus (comparative)
paling bagus (superlative)
terbagus (superlative)
sebagus (equative)

Inherited from Malay باݢوس (bagus), from Proto-Malayic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bagus.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">bagus</i>

acting in the interest of what is beneficial, ethical, or moral

of food or other perishable products, still fit for use; not yet expired, stale, rotten, etc

valid, of worth, capable of being honoured

giving pleasure or satisfaction; pleasing or satisfying in manner

friendly; generally warm, approachable and easy to relate with in character

deserving respect; having excellent moral character

(of a man or boy, rare) handsome (attractively manly; having a pleasing face and overall effect)


besi

From Malay besi, from Proto-Malayic *bəsi, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bəsi.

(physics, chemistry, metallurgy) iron (element)


bicara

bicara (root)
berbicara (active)
terbicara (active involuntary)
dibicara (active involuntary passive)
bicara (active)
bicaralah (active)
membicarakan (active applicative causative)
terbicarakan (applicative causative)
dibicarakan (applicative causative passive)
bicarakan (applicative causative)
bicarakanlah (applicative causative)
memperbicarakan (active applicative causative)
terperbicarakan (applicative causative)
diperbicarakan (applicative causative passive)
perbicarakan (applicative causative)
perbicarakanlah (applicative causative)

* Inherited from Malay bicara, possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian or Sanskrit विचार (vicāra, “thought, discussion”). Doublet of wicara.
* For sense of guaranteed, semantic loan from Betawi [Term?].


borgol

From Sundanese bogol (“a piece of bamboo tied to the wrists of a man in charge of the police”), probably derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(w)ːɡɔr.

bor

handcuffs (a fastening consisting of two metal rings, designed to go around a person's wrists, and connected by a chain or hinge)


borgol

head

borgol (active memborgol, passive diborgol, perfective passive terborgol)

memborgol (active)
diborgol (passive)
terborgol (passive perfective)

(transitive) to handcuff (to apply handcuffs to)


bukan

From Malay bukan, from Classical Malay bukan.

Dia bukan seorang dokter.

Bukan itu yang kumaksud.


buruk

From Malay buruk, from Proto-Malayic *buruk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀuk, from Proto-Austronesian *buʀuk (“rotten; bad character”).


sa

(Papuan) I (first person singular prononun)


busuk

Inherited from Malay busuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *busuk (“decayed, rotten, putrid; stinking”). Cognate with Javanese bosok.


catur

From Malay catur, from Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


catur

From Malay catur, from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga), related to etymology 1.

synonym: sekak


cemeti

From Tamil சம்மட்டி (cammaṭṭi, “horse-whip, large hammer”).

whip (a rope or rod used to create a sharp "crack" sound for directing or herding animals)


cemeti

head

cêmêti (active mencemeti, passive dicemeti)

cêmêti (canonical)
mencemeti (active)
dicemeti (passive)

to whip (to hit with a whip or any flexible object)


cuci

cuci (root)
mencuci (active)
tercuci (active involuntary)
dicuci (active involuntary passive)
cuci (active)
cucilah (active)
mencucikan (active applicative causative)
tercucikan (applicative causative)
dicucikan (applicative causative passive)
cucikan (applicative causative)
cucikanlah (applicative causative)
mempercucikan (active applicative causative)
terpercucikan (applicative causative)
dipercucikan (applicative causative passive)
percucikan (applicative causative)
percucikanlah (applicative causative)

From Malay cuci, from Tamil சுசி (cuci, “cleanliness purity, ceremonial purification”), from Pali suci (“clean, pure”), from Sanskrit शुचि (śuci, “clean, pure”). Doublet of suci.


cuti

From Malay cuti, from Hindi छुट्टी (chuṭṭī, “release; leave; holiday, vacation; break”).

(rare) to have holiday, to have vacation


daku

From Malay daku, variant of aku, from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku. Doublet of aku.


dasar

Inherited from Malay dasar, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ðsar. Compare Javanese ꦝꦱꦂ (dhasar), Old Javanese ḍasar (“base, bottom; workshop”).

cog

foundation: something from which other things extend.

a basic but essential component or ingredient.

basis: the starting point of a logical deduction or though.

(linguistics) a morpheme (or morphemes) that serves as a basic foundation on which affixes can be attached.

groundwork, basis: That upon which anything is founded; that on which anything stands, and by which it is supported; the lowest and supporting layer of a superstructure; underbuilding.

The lowest and supporting part or member of a wall, including the base course and footing courses; in a frame house, the whole substructure of masonry.

a starting point, base or foundation for an argument or hypothesis.


datar

From Malay datar, from Proto-Malayic *datar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dataʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *dataʀ. Doublet of latar and rata.


datar

mendatar (used-in-the-form)
datar (root)
mendatar (active)
datar (active)
datarlah (active)
mendatarkan (active applicative causative locative)
didatarkan (applicative causative locative passive)
datarkan (applicative causative locative)
datarkanlah (applicative causative locative)


enak

From Malay enak, from inak, from Proto-Malayic *inak.


fasih

From Malay fasih, from Arabic فَصِيح (faṣīḥ).


median

From Dutch mediaan, from Latin medianus (“of or pertaining to the middle”, adjective), from medius (“middle”) (see medium), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“middle”). Doublet of madya.

der

(statistics) the number separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half.

(geometry) a line segment joining the vertex of triangle to the midpoint of the opposing side.

(road transport) the median strip; the area separating two lanes of opposite-direction traffic.

medium, anything having a measurement intermediate between extremes, such as a garment or container.

(printing, dated) mediaan, a former Nederland paper size, 470 mm × 560 mm.


over

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch over. Doublet of oper.


ane

Borrowed from Betawi Kota ane, from Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā). Doublet of ana.


anti-

Borrowed from Dutch anti-, from Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”).

the opposite of what is typically expected.

physically opposite, reverse in position or direction

(particle physics) composed of antimatter

(immunology) reacting with immunoglobins found in the specified animal


abang

From Malay abang, from Classical Malay ابڠ (abang), from Old Malay habaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ (*aba + *-ŋ), *aba (“father”).

Umur abang saya lebih besar tiga tahun.

My brother is three years older than me.

Nanti malam aku akan ke rumah abang.

Tonight, I will go to my elder brother's house.

(literally or figuratively, chiefly Sumatra, West Kalimantan and Jakarta) elder brother

chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta; chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta

elder brother
anyone slightly older than self

(chiefly West Kalimantan, Sumatra) a form of address to the husband in a marriage or marital relationship

chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra; chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra


tobiko

From Japanese 飛び子 (とびこ, tobiko, “roe of the flying fish”), from 飛魚 (とびうお, tobiuo, “flying fish”) + 子 (こ, ko, “roe”).


uni

From Dutch unie, from French union, from Latin ūniō f.

the act of uniting or joining two or more things into one.

Uni Eropa

Uni Soviet

that which is united; something formed by a combination of parts or members.


hajar

hajar (root)
menghajar (active)
terhajar (active involuntary)
dihajar (active involuntary passive)
hajar (active)
hajarlah (active)
menghajari (active locative)
terhajari (involuntary locative)
dihajari (involuntary locative passive)
hajari (locative)
hajarilah (locative)
menghajarkan (active applicative causative)
terhajarkan (applicative causative)
dihajarkan (applicative causative passive)
hajarkan (applicative causative)
hajarkanlah (applicative causative)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦗꦂ (ajar, “to beat up”, literally “to learn, to do exercise, to receive training; learning; hermit”). Doublet of acar, acara, acarya, and ajar.


lok

(rail transport) Apocopic form of lokomotif (“locomotive”)


serial

serial (having to do with or arranged in a series; published or produced in installments)


ADHD

gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas

(colloquial, neurology, psychiatry, psychology) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHD


fiat

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch fiat, from Latin fīat.


yg

(text messaging) Abbreviation of yang (“which”).


tema

From Dutch thema, from Latin thema, from Ancient Greek θέμα (théma).


obor

(figurative) torch (a source of enlightenment or guidance)


obor

(transitive) to smoke, fire, or burn with a torch

(transitive) to catch fish, eel, frog, etc. with the help of torch

(transitive, figurative) to provoke, to make angry


-ase

From Dutch -age, from French -age, from Middle French -age, from Old French -age, from Latin -āticum.


bio-

From Ancient Greek βιο- (bio-), combining form and stem of βίος (bíos, “life”).


hepta-

From Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”). Doublet of sapta-


siapa

Compound of si (“reference to person”) + apa (“what”), from Malay siapa, from Proto-Malayic *si-apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?].

com

Siapa itu?

Baju siapa ini?

Namamu siapa?

Siapa nama anak itu?

what (when enquiring about someone's name)


bum

From Dutch slagboom (“boom barrier, boom gate”) or boom (“beam, barrier, tree, pole”). Doublet of bom.

bor

boom barrier, boom gate (a bar or pole that can be lowered or raised to controll the traffic)

(figurative) customs (government agency that handles taxes of imported goods)


bum

(economics, business) boom (a period of prosperity, growth, progress, or high market activity)


liter

From Dutch liter, from French litre, from Medieval Latin litra, from Ancient Greek λίτρα (lítra, “a Sicilian coin, a measure of weight”).

der

litre: the metric unit of fluid measure, equal to one cubic decimetre. Symbols: l, L, ℓ.


homo-

From Ancient Greek ὁμός (homós, “same”).


AU

angkatan udara
angkatan udara#Indonesian

Initialism of angkatan udara (“air force”).


pap

Borrowed from English pap (sense 7, but likely also from sense 5).

Siapa yang minta pap? Jangan, jangan pernah kasih pap ke siapapun.

2020, Agung Sentausa, director, Pindah Planet!!!, spoken by Tia, Yayasan Kampung Halaman:

Who asked for a pap (nude)? Don't, don't ever give a pap to anyone.

(slang) A picture obtained as a result of pap.


pap

(Internet slang, usually imperative) to take/send/post a picture (especially a photograph), usually as proof of something.

(Internet slang, usually imperative) to take/send/post a picture of oneself with their background location visible and/or to take/send/post a picture of a location (in which one is currently in), especially (as proof) to show where one currently is.

(slang) to take/send a picture of oneself, especially of their sexual body parts; to send a nude

(slang, usually active voice) to take a picture of someone, usually surreptitiously and without their consent.


prop

From English prop (“property”), or a clipping of properti.

(art) property, an item placed on a stage or set to create a scene or scenario in which actors perform.


kebab

From Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *kabab- (“to burn, to roast”).

A dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab.

A hand-held dish consisting of pieces of meat roasted on an upright skewer mixed with fresh vegetables and sauces and rolled up in a round piece of unleavened bread.


neo-

From Ancient Greek νεο- (neo-), from νέος (néos, “new, young”).

(organic chemistry) Having a structure, similar to that of neopentane, in which each hydrogen atom of a methyl group has been replaced by an alkyl group.

(organic chemistry) Being a newly-discovered or -synthesized variant of an existing compound.


geo-

From Dutch geo-, from Ancient Greek γεω- (geō-), combining form of γῆ (gê, “earth”).


aero-

From Ancient Greek ἀέρος (aéros), the genitive singular of ἀήρ (aḗr, “air”).


kala

From Malay kala, from Classical Malay kala, from Sanskrit काल (kāla, “time”) or Sanskrit कला (kalā, “a division of time”). Doublet of kali.

(geology) epoch: a geochronologic unit of hundreds of thousands to millions of years; a subdivision of a period, and subdivided into ages (or sometimes subepochs).

(grammar) Any of the forms of a verb which distinguish when an action or state of being occurs or exists.

(linguistics, grammar, countable) An inflected form of a verb that indicates tense.


kala

From Malay kala, from Javanese ꦏꦭ (kala, “stinging animal, scorpion”), from Sanskrit कालक (kālaka, “scorpion”).


kala

From Malay kala, from Classical Malay kala.


kala

From Malay kala, from Classical Malay kala, from Javanese ꦏꦭ (kala, “bird noose, snare”), from Old Javanese kalā.


kala

From Malay kala, from Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ). Doublet of qada.


zum

to change the focal length of a zoom lens

to manipulate a display so as to magnify or shrink it


peta

From Malay peta, perhaps from Sanskrit भूपट (bhūpaṭa, “map”) as भू (bhū, “earth”) + पट (paṭa, “garment”). Similar construction in Latin mappa mundī (“map”), compound of mappa (“napkin, cloth”) + mundus (“world”).

compound

(geography) map (a visual representation of an area, whether real or imaginary, showing the relative positions of places and other features)


paha

Inherited from Malay paha, from Proto-Malayic *paha(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa, from Proto-Austronesian *paqa (“thigh”).


PSP

pemegang saham pengendali
pemegang saham pengendali#Indonesian

(finance) Initialism of pemegang saham pengendali (“controlling stakeholder”).


kakao

From Dutch cacao, from Spanish cacao, from Classical Nahuatl cacahuatl.


di-

From Malay di-, from Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (“verb perfective infix for object focus”). Doublet of -in-.

inh

dimakan

Used to form passive voice or "patient focus" (in some analysis) on a verb.


keluar

(intransitive, transitive) to go out, to get out, to exit

Kapal selam itu keluar dari samudera.


deka-

From Dutch deca-, from French déca-, from Late Latin decas (“(set of) ten”), from Ancient Greek δέκας (dékas), from δέκα (déka, “ten”). Doublet of dasa-.


dia-

From Ancient Greek δια- (dia-), from διά (diá, “through, across, by, over”).


dis-

From Dutch dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.


program

From Dutch program, from Late Latin programma (“a proclamation, edict”), from Ancient Greek πρόγραμμα (prógramma, “a written public notice, an edict”). Doublet of programa.
* For the sense in computing, semantic loan from English program.

der

program, programme
a set of structured activities.

(computing) a software application, or a collection of software applications, designed to perform a specific task.


epi-

From Dutch epi-, from Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “on top of”).


endo-

From Ancient Greek ἔνδον (éndon, “inner; internal”).


diet

Internationalism, borrowed from English diet, from Middle English diet, dyet, diete, from Old French diete, from Medieval Latin dieta (“regimen, regulation; assembly”), from Latin diaeta, from Ancient Greek δίαιτα (díaita).

the food and beverage a person or animal consumes; any habitual intake or consumption.

a controlled regimen of food and drink, as to gain or lose weight or otherwise influence health.


cap

* Ultimately from Indo-Aryan. Compare Hindi छाप (chāp), Gujarati છાપ (chāp), Bengali ছাপ (chap), English chop all meaning stamp, seal.
* Probably become Chinese 劄 (zhá, “letter, brief note”) through phono-semantic matching.


gamer

(Kalimantan) Calophyllum soulattri, a species of bintangor


novel

From Dutch novelle, from Italian novella, from Latin novella, feminine of novellus. Doublet of novela and novelet.

(literature) novel: a work of prose fiction, longer than a novella.


pasta

From Dutch pasta (“pasta, paste”), from Late Latin pasta (“dough, pastry cake, paste”), from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá, “barley porridge”), from παστός (pastós, “sprinkled with salt”). Doublet of pastel.
* The sense of pasta is loaned via Italian pasta.

dough made from wheat and water and sometimes mixed with egg and formed into various shapes; often sold in dried form and typically boiled for eating; a dish or serving of pasta.


antipasto

Unadapted borrowing from Italian antipasto (literally “before the meal”).

ubor

(cooking) antipasto: an Italian starter for a meal; normally a cold assortment of salami, cheese, seafood and vegetables.


tsunami

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 津波(つなみ) (tsunami, “tsunami, tidal wave, tidal bore”), from 津 (tsu, “harbor”) + 波 (nami, “wave”).

ja-r

tsunami: a very large and destructive wave, generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean, such as an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption. Tsunami are usually a series of waves, or wave train.


pro

From clipping of profesional (“professional”).

clipping

Clipping of profesional (“professional”).


term

From Dutch term, from French terme, from Old French terme, from Latin terminus (“a bound, boundary, limit, end; in Medieval Latin, also a time, period, word, covenant, etc.”).

der

a word or phrase, especially one from a specialised area of knowledge.

(logic) the subject or the predicate of a proposition; one of the three component parts of a syllogism, each one of which is used twice.

duration of a set length; period in office of fixed length.

part of a year, especially one of the three parts of an academic year.


ad hominem

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ad hominem


umlaut

From English umlaut, from German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”).

umlaut (partial assimilation of a vowel)


protein

protéin (canonical)
protein-protein (plural)

From Dutch proteïne, from French protéine and German Protein, both coined based on Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos, “primary”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).


tong

From Malay tong, from Hokkien 桶 (thóng).


tong

From Betawi [Term?], from Hokkien 童 (tâng/tông).

(dialect, Jakarta) Clipping of entong (“boy”).


rok

From Dutch rok, from Middle Dutch roc, from Old Dutch rok, from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz.


rok

(music) rock, a style of music characterized by basic drum-beat, generally 4/4 riffs, based on (usually electric) guitar, bass guitar, drums and vocals.


morendo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian morendo.


prestissimo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian prestissimo.


moderato

Unadapted borrowing from Italian moderato.


cantabile

Unadapted borrowing from Italian cantabile.

(music) cantabile, singingly, lyrically.


crescendo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian crescendo, from Latin crēscendum (“increasing, growing”), gerund of crēscō.

der

(music) crescendo: An instruction to play gradually more loudly, denoted by a long, narrow angle with its apex on the left ( < ).


umami

From Japanese 旨味(うまみ) (umami), from 旨い (umai, “delicious”), which describes the quality of a pleasant, savory taste.

(cooking) umami: one of the five basic tastes, the savory taste of foods such as seaweed, cured fish, aged cheeses and meats.


fortissimo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian fortissimo.


pianissimo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian pianissimo.


kurva

Learned borrowing from Latin curva, curvus. Doublet of kereb.


moral

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch moraal (“moral”), from Middle French moral, from Latin mōrālis (“relating to manners or morals”).

der

(of a narrative) The ethical significance or practical lesson.

Moral practices or teachings: modes of conduct.

A conviction so justifiable that one is morally entitled to act on it: moral certainty.

morale (the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal, or even in oneself and others)


lo

From Betawi Kota lo (“you”), from Hokkien 汝 (lú). Doublet of lu.

Oke, kalau lo baper, yuk cabut.

(chiefly Jakarta, slang) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours


allegretto

Unadapted borrowing from Italian allegretto.


koran

From Malay koran, from Dutch courant (current spelling is krant), from French courant (“current”), from Old French corant, possibly corresponding to Latin currens, currentem.

newspaper (a printed publication, usually published daily or weekly, containing news and other articles)


PDB

produk domestik bruto
produk domestik bruto#Indonesian

(economics) Initialism of produk domestik bruto.


entrepreneur

Unadapted borrowing from French entrepreneur.

entrepreneur (person who organizes and operates a business venture)


bias

From Malay bias from English bias, from French biais.

inclination towards something; predisposition, partiality, prejudice, preference, predilection.

(statistics) the difference between the expectation of the sample estimator and the true population value, which reduces the representativeness of the estimator by systematically distorting it.

(acoustics, optics) the turning or bending of any wave, such as a light or sound wave, when it passes from one medium into another of different optical density.

(colloquial) a person's favourite member of an idol group, such as K-pop band.


cupido

Learned borrowing from Latin cupīdō (“desire; lust”).


epistola

èpistola (canonical)
epistola-epistola (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin epistola, from Ancient Greek ἐπιστολή (epistolḗ), from ἐπιστέλλω (epistéllō, “I send a message”), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + στέλλω (stéllō, “I prepare, send”).

(Christianity) nonstandard spelling of epistel (“epistle”).


media

* From Dutch media, from Latin media.
* Semantic loan from English media.

the means, channel, or agency by which an aim is achieved.

(biology) a nutrient solution for the growth.

medium,
a nutrient solution for the growth.

means and institutions for publishing and broadcasting information.

(computing) a particular form of storage for digitized information, such as magnetic tape or discs.


bonus

From Dutch bonus, from Latin bonus (“good”).

something extra that is good; an added benefit.

an extra sum given as a premium, e.g. to an employee or to a shareholder.


filter

From Dutch filter, from French filtre, from Medieval Latin filtrum (compare also Old French feutre (“felt; filter”)), from Frankish *filtir, from Proto-West Germanic *felt.

a device which separates a suspended, dissolved, or particulate matter from a fluid, solution, or other substance; any device that separates one substance from another.

(electronics, physics) electronics or software that separates unwanted signals (for example noise) from wanted signals or that attenuates selected frequencies.


adagio

Borrowed from English adagio, from Italian adagio.

(music) a tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played rather slowly, leisurely and gracefully

adagio
(music) a passage having this mark

(dance) a male-female duet or mixed trio ballet displaying demanding balance, spins and/or lifts


kurang

Filmnya kurang bermanfaat.

Sayurnya kurang garam.


atap

From Malay atap, from Proto-Malayic *hatəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatəp.

roof (the cover at the top of a building)


awan

Inherited from Malay awan, from Proto-Malayic *awan, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hawan.

cloud (a visible mass of water droplets suspended in the air)

(astronomy) cloud (any mass of dust, steam or smoke resembling such a mass)

(figurative, uncommon) a very high place


keluarga

kêluarga (canonical)
keluarga-keluarga (plural)

From Malay keluarga (“family”). Compare to Javanese ꦏꦸꦭꦮꦂꦒ (kulawarga) and ꦏꦮꦸꦭꦮꦂꦒ (kawulawarga).

a group of people who are closely related to one another (by blood, marriage or adoption); kin; for example, a set of parents and their children; an immediate family.

a (close-knit) group of people related by blood, friendship, marriage, law, or custom, especially if they live or work together.

any group or aggregation of things classed together as kindred or related from possessing in common characteristics which distinguish them from other things of the same order.

(set theory) class, a collection of sets definable by a shared property.


kakak

From Malay kakak (“older sister”), from Classical Malay kakak, from Proto-Malayic *kakaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaka, from Proto-Austronesian *kaka.
* For sense of older brother, semantic loan from Hokkien 哥哥 (ko-ko, “older brother”) and semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀ (kakang, kaka, kakak).
* For sense of form of address to husband in marital relationship, semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀ (kakang, kaka, kakak).

sl

ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀

ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀

(literally or figuratively, formal) older sibling

(literally or figuratively, chiefly Sumatra and Kalimantan) older sister

(literally or figuratively, chiefly Jakarta and Java) older brother

(chiefly Jakarta) a general form of address, typically to an older person (but applicable to same age groups)

(colloquial) a form of address to any stranger


kakak

Inherited from Malay kakak. Onomatopoeic, compare to Tagalog kakak.


kenapa

From Malay kenapa, a blend of kena (“to be hit”) + apa (“what”).

blend

Kenapa air laut asin?

"Kenapa harus takut kalau tidak salah? Kenapa harus khawatir dengan omongan inkonsisten? Coba cek deh satu persatu, dari 2013 sampai jadi saksi-saksi kemarin apa ada satu saja yang konsisten?," terang Ganjar lagi.

2017 November 22, Linda Putri, “Ganjar: Kalau Tidak Salah Kenapa Takut [Ganjar: If Not Wrong Why Fear]”, in Suara Merdeka, archived from the original on 2018-12-31:

"Why should you be afraid if not wrong? Why should you worry about talking inconsistently? Try checking one by one, from 2013 to yesterday's witnesses, is there only one that is consistent?", Ganjar further explained.

(informal, colloquial) why; for what reason


mengapa

From Malay mengapa, from Proto-Malayic *mAŋ-apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maŋ-apa, equivalent to meng- + apa.


asin

From Malay asin, from Proto-Malayic *(mA-)hasin, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)qasin, from Proto-Austronesian *qasiN.


aneh

Inherited from Malay aneh, from Classical Malay انيه (aneh).


alpa

From Malay alpa, from Classical Malay الڤا (alpa), from Sanskrit अल्प (alpa).


tenor

* From Dutch tenor, from Italian tenore, from Latin tenor.
* Semantic loan from English tenor for sense of time to maturity of a bond.

(music) a musical range or section higher than bass and lower than alto.

(music) a person, instrument or group that performs in the tenor (higher than bass and lower than alto) range.

tenor:
(finance) time to maturity of a bond.


senior

From Dutch senior, from Latin senior (“older”), comparative form of senex (“old”). Doublet of señor, senyur, and sinyo.

senior
higher in rank, dignity, or office.


junior

Learned borrowing from Latin junior, iūnior.

junior (having a subordinate role, job, or situation)

junior (belonging to a younger person, or an earlier time of life)


eufemisme

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch eufemisme.


agio

From Dutch agio, from Italian aggio, from Old Occitan aize, from Vulgar Latin *adjace(m), from Latin adjacēns, present participle of adjaceō (compare Medieval Latin in aiace).


agitator

From Dutch agitator, from Latin agitātor.


ala

From French à la, perhaps through English la.

(colloquial) a la, in the style or manner of.


ala

(law) land, with the owner or descendants still have the main rights in that land.


ala

der

Arabic أَعْلَى (ʔaʕlā)


Cina

From Malay Cina, from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), likely derived from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “State of Qin, Qin dynasty”).

China (a nation or civilization in East Asia)

Chinese (the language or the people of the region)


data

datum,
a fact known from direct observation.

a premise from which conclusions are drawn.

information, especially in a scientific or computational context, or with the implication that it is organized.

recorded observations that are usually presented in a structured format.

(computing) a representation of facts or ideas in a formalized manner capable of being communicated or manipulated by some process.


madam

Borrowed from Dutch madam, from Middle French madame.


duet

From Dutch duet, from Italian duetto or German Duett (itself borrowed from Italian).

duet (musical piece performed by two players or two singers).


albatros

Borrowed from Dutch albatros, from English albatross, from Spanish alcatraz or Portuguese alcatraz, from Arabic الْغَطَّاس (al-ḡaṭṭās, “the diver”).

(zoology) any of various large seabirds of the family Diomedeidae ranging widely in the Southern Ocean and the North Pacific and having a hooked beak and long narrow wings.

(zoology) any of various African and Asian pierid butterflies of the genus Appias. Some species of this genus are also known as puffins.

a lightweight, soft material with a napped and slightly creped surface


albino

From Dutch albino, from Spanish albino, from Latin albus.

albino: person or animal congenitally lacking melanin pigmentation in the skin, eyes, and hair or feathers (or more rarely only in the eyes); one afflicted with albinism.


tempe

→ Dutch: tempé

→ French: tempeh, tempé

→ English: tempeh

Possibly from Old Javanese tumpi (a food made from starch and tempeh) or Indonesian tapai (“fermentation”).


baud

Borrowed from English baud, from French baud. Named for French inventor Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot (1845-1903).

(telecommunications) baud: a unit of data transmission symbol rate; the number of signalling events per second.


Papua

New Guinea (a large island in the Pacific Ocean)

a region in Oceania, the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea


has

From Dutch haas (“tenderloin”), from Middle Dutch haessen, from Old Dutch *hāsenewa, *hāhsenewa, from Proto-Germanic *hanhsenwō, *hanhasenwō (“heel tendon, Achilles tendon”), from Proto-Germanic *hanhaz (“heel”) + *senwō (“sinew”).


mori

→ Min Nan: 毛里 (mo͘-lí)

* From Dutch moiré, from French moiré, from Arabic مُخَيَّر (muḵayyar, literally “chosen”).
* From Tamil முறி (muṟi).


luka

Inherited from Malay luka, from Proto-Malayic *luka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luka, Proto-Austronesian *Nuka.

An injury, such as a cut, stab, or tear, to a (usually external) part of the body.

(figurative) A hurt to a person's feelings, reputation, prospects, etc.


luka

Suffering from a wound, especially one acquired in battle from a weapon, such as a gun or a knife.

(figurative) Suffering from an emotional injury.

wounded:
Suffering from an emotional injury.


nama

From Malay nama (“name”), from Classical Malay nama (“name”), from Sanskrit नामन् (nā́man), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).

name (word or phrase indicating a particular person, place, class or thing)


solder

From Dutch soldeer, from Old French soldure, soudeure (noun), from Old French souder, solder (“to solder”, verb) (> Middle English souden (“to solder”)), from Latin solidāre (“make solid”).

solder: any of various easily-melted alloys, commonly of tin and lead, that are used to mend, coat, or join metal objects, usually small.


para

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paRa (collective particle). Compare Acehnese para (“horde, troop”).

inh

para siswa

definitive particle used to denote that the word preceded is plural


ego

From Latin ego (“I”), from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Doublet of eke.


amulet

amulét (canonical)
amulet-amulet (plural)

From Dutch amulet, from French amulette, from Middle French, from Latin amulētum.


Claudia

Claudia Scheunemann, b. 2009

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Claudia


origami

Borrowed from Japanese 折り紙 (おりがみ, origami), from 折り (おり, ori, “to fold”) + 紙 (かみ, kami, “paper”).

origami (the Japanese art of paper folding).


web

From English web, from Middle English webbe, from Old English webb, from Proto-Germanic *wabją, from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“weave”).


format

From Dutch formaat, from German Format, from New Latin liber fōrmātus (“book fashioned”), from fōrmō (“I shape, fashion”).


royal

Borrowed from Dutch royaal (“royal”). Doublet of rial and riyal.


flan

From English flan, from French flan (“cheesecake, custard tart, flan”), or in some uses (in reference to Spanish/Latin American flans) later from Spanish flan (itself from the French), both from Old French flaon (whence also Middle English flaon, flaun (“pie; cake”)), from Late Latin fladonem, accusative of fladō (“flat cake”), from Frankish *flaþō (“flat cake”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂t- (“broad, flat”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to spread out, be broad, be flat”).

der

(cooking) flan: baked tart with sweet or savoury filling in an open-topped pastry case.


balai

From Malay balai, from Proto-Malayic *balay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balay, from Proto-Austronesian *balay. Semantic loan from Minangkabau balai for sense of market.


din

religion (system of beliefs dealing with soul, deity and/or life after death)


palisade

palisadê (canonical)
palisade-palisade (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch palissade, from French palissade.

(military) a wall of wooden stakes, used as a defensive barrier.

palisade:
(biology) an even row of cells.


dab

From English dub, a shortening of the word double.

dub: the replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing.


dab

From Arabic ضَبّ (ḍabb), from Proto-Semitic *ṣ́abb-.

dabb lizard, Egyptian mastigure, Egyptian spiny-tailed lizard, Leptien's mastigure, Egyptian uromastyx, or Egyptian dabb lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia).