rekognisi pembelajaran lampau

rekognisi pembelajaran lampau (uncountable)

Compound of rekognisi + pembelajaran + lampau.

com+

recognition of prior learning
recognition of prior learning#English

(education) recognition of prior learning


sanak saudara

Compound of sanak (“relative”) + saudara (“sibling”).

relative (someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family)


rekognisi

Borrowed from Dutch recognitie, from Middle French recognicion, recognition and its etymon Latin recognitiōnem (accusative of recognitiō), from recognitus, past participle of recognōscere.


gantung diri

Compound of gantung (“to hang”) + diri (“self”).


ngotot

Borrowed from Javanese ngotot (“obstinate, adamant”). Equivalent to meng- + otot.


sekian

Inherited from Malay sekian, from Classical Malay sekian. Equivalent to se- + kian.


sekujur

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">sekujur</i>

→ Malay: سکوجور (sekujur)

Affixed kujur + se-, borrowed from Betawi sekujur, from Javanese ꦱꦼꦏꦺꦴꦗꦸꦂ (sekojur, “whole body”), ꦱꦏꦺꦴꦗꦸꦂ (sakojur, “all”).


sareh

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese sareh.

lbor

(dialectal, uncommon) Synonym of tenang (“calm”)


binungku

a term for a simple-minded, ignorant person; stupid, foolish


garida

From Manado Malay garida (“coquettish”), from Spanish garrida, garrido (“handsome, beautiful”)


kanisah

From Arabic كَنِيسَة (kanīsa, “church, synagogue”)


daluwarsa

(chiefly used in law contexts, proscribed) Alternative form of kedaluwarsa (“expired”)


tinambah

Pada operasi bilangan 5 + 4, tinambahnya adalah 5

In the numerical operation of 5 + 4, the augend is 5

(arithmetic) augend (a number to which an addend is added)


bunyi-bunyian

Affixation of bunyi + -an with reduplication at the base word.


kadalan

malkoha (any of the cuculine birds in the Phaenicophaeus genus, found across southern and south-east Asia)


tokhtor

ground cuckoo (any of the cuculine birds in the Carpococcyx genus)


kedasi

bronze cuckoo (any of the cuculine birds in the Chalcites genus)


cangak

Any long-legged, long-necked wading bird in the genus Ardea of the family Ardeidae


cekup

warbler (any of various small passerine songbirds of the family Parulidae)


cikarak

myza (any of the tropical birds in the genus Myza, found in Sulawesi, Indonesia)


cikukua

friarbird (any of several species of large Australian honeyeaters in the genus Philemon)


purnawirawan

id-noun

purnawirawan (plural purnawirawan-purnawirawan or para purnawirawan)

purnawirawan-purnawirawan (plural)
para purnawirawan (plural)

retired member of the army or the police


siraja

kinglet (any of several birds of the family Regulidae)


cerecet

cêrecet (canonical)
cerecet-cerecet (plural)

bushtit (any of the long-tailed tits of the family Aegithalidae)


branjangan

Borrowed from Javanese branjangan (“Australasian bush lark”).

bor+

lark (Any of various small, singing passerine birds of the family Alaudidae)


intelektual

Internationalism, ultimately from Latin intellēctuālis.

intellectual (belonging to, or performed by, the intellect)


intelektual

id-noun

intelektual (plural intelektual-intelektual or para intelektual)

intelektual-intelektual (plural)
para intelektual (plural)


pangot

From Sundanese pangot (“small knife intended as stylus”). See also Javanese ꦥꦔꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (pangot, “sharpening knife”)

cog

a small knife-like stylus for writing down on dried palm leaves


musabaqah

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مُسَابَقَة (musābaqa, “competition”).


musabaqah tilawatil qur'an

From Arabic مُسَابَقَة تِلَاوَة الْقُرْآن (musābaqa tilāwa al-qurʔān, “Qur'an recitation competition”)

der

مُسَابَقَة تِلَاوَة الْقُرْآن


perelek

From Sundanese pérélék (“(onomatopoeia, inchoative) to fall out or roll out in granules, i.e. rice”)

the practice of collecting rice from bamboo containers set in front of residents' houses, intended for communal or social use.


melahirkan

active of lahir (“to give birth; to birth”)


berjenis-jenis

Affixation of ber- + jenis with reduplication at the base word.


pertinggal

, arkib (standard Malay)


percontoh

(statistics) sample: a subset of a population selected for measurement, observation or questioning, to provide statistical information about the population.


setia usaha

id-noun

setia usaha (plural setia-setia usaha or para setia usaha)

setia-setia usaha (plural)
para setia usaha (plural)

Compound of setia (“loyal”) + usaha (“effort”).


tata olah

Compound of tata (“order”) + olah (“process”).

, aturcara (standard Malay)

(computing) a software application, or a collection of software applications, designed to perform a specific task.


anweizing

Borrowed from Dutch aanwijzing (“hint, indication”).

bor+

(government) process tender which specifications are provided after procurement offer.

pre-bid meeting for confiscated goods auction


ruang tunggu keberangkatan

id-noun

ruang tunggu kêbêrangkatan (plural ruang-ruang tunggu keberangkatan)

ruang tunggu kêbêrangkatan (canonical)
ruang-ruang tunggu keberangkatan (plural)

Compound of ruang tunggu (“lounge”) + keberangkatan (“departure”).

com+

departure lounge (waiting room at an airport)


keberangkatan

kêbêrangkatan (canonical)
keberangkatan-keberangkatan (plural)

departure, the act of departing or something that has departed


perkiraan waktu keberangkatan

id-noun

pêrkiraan waktu kêbêrangkatan (plural perkiraan-perkiraan waktu keberangkatan)

pêrkiraan waktu kêbêrangkatan (canonical)
perkiraan-perkiraan waktu keberangkatan (plural)

Compound of perkiraan (“estimation”) + waktu (“time”) + keberangkatan (“departure”).


diskusi panel

id-noun

diskusi panel (plural diskusi-diskusi panel)

panel discussion (a conversation about a specific topic conducted by a group of experts)


panel kontrol

panel kontrol (plural panel-panel kontrol)

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(graphical user interface) control panel (a computer display offering a number of controls or options)


penyembuhan

pênyêmbuhan (canonical)
penyembuhan-penyembuhan (plural)


panel pengatur

panel pêngatur (plural panel-panel pengatur)

panel pêngatur (canonical)
panel-panel pengatur (plural)

Synonym of panel kontrol (“control panel”)


panel surya

From panel (“panel”) + surya (“sun; solar”).

solar panel (an array of connected solar cells)


panelis

panelis (plural panelis-panelis or para panelis)

panelis-panelis (plural)
para panelis (plural)

panelist (a person who is a member of a panel)


rumatan

(medicine) maintenance, a therapeutic regimen intended to preserve benefit.


diskusikan

head

diskusikan (active mendiskusikan, passive didiskusikan)

mendiskusikan (active)
didiskusikan (passive)


pendiskusian

pêndiskusian (canonical)
pendiskusian-pendiskusian (plural)


penasun

id-noun

pênasun (plural penasun-penasun or para penasun)

pênasun (canonical)
penasun-penasun (plural)
para penasun (plural)

pengguna narkoba suntik
pengguna narkoba suntik#Indonesian

(medicine) Acronym of pengguna narkoba suntik (“injection drug user”).

pengguna napza suntik
pengguna napza suntik#Indonesian

(medicine) Acronym of pengguna napza suntik (“injection drug user”).


elevasi

Borrowed from Dutch elevatie (“elevation”), from Old French elevation, from Latin elevatio.

bor+

(astronomy) the distance of a celestial object above the horizon, or the arc of a vertical circle intercepted between it and the horizon; altitude.

the measured vertical distance from the peak of a mountain or hill to its bordering lowlands.


aneurisme

Internationalism, from Ancient Greek ἀνεύρυσμα (aneúrusma, “a widening, a dilation”).

der

(pathology) aneurysm: an abnormal blood-filled swelling of an artery or vein, resulting from a localized weakness in the wall of the vessel.


penjaga gawang

id-noun

penjaga gawang (plural penjaga-penjaga gawang)

Compound of penjaga (“keeper”) + gawang (“goal post”, literally “gate”).


penatalayan

id-noun

pênatalayan (plural penatalayan-penatalayan or para penatalayan)

pênatalayan (canonical)
penatalayan-penatalayan (plural)
para penatalayan (plural)


pembiasaan

pêmbiasaan (canonical)
pembiasaan-pembiasaan (plural)


hiperemis

Borrowed from Dutch hyperemisch (“hyperemic”).


otorita

(nonstandard or misspelling) Alternative form of otoritas


mesin jahit

mesin (“machine”) + jahit (“to sew”), calque of Dutch [Term?].


ulkus

Learned borrowing from Latin ulcus (“sore, ulcer, wound”). Cognate with Piawai Malay ulser.


ulkus dekubitus

id-noun

ulkus dekubitus (plural ulkus-ulkus dekubitus)

(pathology) decubitus ulcer, pressure ulcer


ulkus tekan

ulkus têkan (canonical)
ulkus-ulkus tekan (plural)

From ulkus (“ulcer”) + tekan (“to press”).


luka baring

From luka (“wound, sore”) + baring (“to lie down”).

com

(pathology) bedsore (lesion caused by pressure)


ulkus duodenum

id-noun

ulkus duodenum (plural ulkus-ulkus duodenum)

(pathology) duodenal ulcer (a peptic ulcer located in the duodenum)


ulkus esofagus

ulkus esofagus (plural ulkus-ulkus esofagus)

(pathology) esophageal ulcer (a peptic ulcer located at esophagus)


ulkus gastrik

ulkus gastrik (plural ulkus-ulkus gastrik)

(pathology) gastric ulcer (a peptic ulcer located in the stomach)


tukak lambung

tukak lambung (plural tukak-tukak lambung)

From tukak (“ulcer”) + lambung (“stomach”).

gastrointestinal tract
gastrointestinal tract#English

(pathology) peptic ulcer, stomach ulcer (an ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract)

(pathology, specifically) gastric ulcer (a peptic ulcer located in the stomach)


ulkus peptikum

ulkus peptikum (plural ulkus-ulkus peptikum)

(medicine) peptic ulcer (an ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract)


ulkus peptik

ulkus peptik (plural ulkus-ulkus peptik)

ulkus peptikum
ulkus peptikum#Indonesian

(pathology) Alternative form of ulkus peptikum (“peptic ulcer”)


ulkus tropis

ulkus tropis (plural ulkus-ulkus tropis)

(pathology) tropical ulcer (a chronic ulcerative skin lesion, common in tropical climates)


ulkus tropik

ulkus tropik (plural ulkus-ulkus tropik)

(pathology) Alternative form of ulkus tropis (“tropical ulcer”)


tukak peptik

tukak peptik (plural tukak-tukak peptik)

(pathology) Synonym of ulkus peptikum (“peptic ulcer”)


kemban

kêmban (canonical)
kemban-kemban (plural)

Inherited from Malay kemban, from Javanese ꦏꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ (kemben). Doublet of emban.

kemben (a torso wrap historically worn by women in Indonesia)


bersulang-sulang

From ber- + sulang with the base word reduplicated.


bersulang-sulangan

From sulang + ber- -an with the base word reduplicated.


odeng

Borrowed from Korean 오뎅 (odeng, “oden”), from Japanese 御田(おでん) (oden). Doublet of oden.


odeng

Borrowed from Madurese [Term?]. Doublet of udeng.

a traditional headband made from Madurese batik cloth, usually worn by Madurese men at traditional events, religious ceremonies, or as part of everyday clothing


pemangkuan

pêmangkuan (canonical)
pemangkuan-pemangkuan (plural)

(figurative, uncommon) Synonym of pengelolaan (“management”)


beranggap-anggapan

From anggap + ber- -an with the base word reduplicated.


berganti-ganti

From ber- + ganti with the base word reduplicated.


bergiliran

Para siswa bergiliran ulangan lisan menurut absen.

The students take turns doing the oral exam according to the roll call.


iringkan

head

iringkan (active mengiringkan, passive diiringkan)

mengiringkan (active)
diiringkan (passive)

to accompany, attend as a companion or supplement

to include, bring into as a part or member


hantarkan

hantarkan (active menghantarkan, passive dihantarkan)

menghantarkan (active)
dihantarkan (passive)

Synonym of hantar (“to conduct; to deliver; to escort, usher”)


dapatkan

dapatkan (active mendapatkan, passive didapatkan)

mendapatkan (active)
didapatkan (passive)


swamedikasi

Affixed medikasi (“medication”) + swa- (“self-”).


muhasabah

Borrowed from Arabic مُحَاسَبَةٌ (muḥāsabatun).


istidraj

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِدْرَاج (istidrāj).

اِسْتِدْرَاج


kabar baik

Compound of kabar (“news”) + news (“good”).


peluru kosong

id-noun

peluru kosong (plural peluru-peluru kosong)

peluru (“bullet”) + kosong (“empty”), literally “empty bullet”.


menggigit

[məŋˈɡi.ɡɪt̪̚]


menggigit

[məŋˈɡi.ɡɪt̪̚]

(chiefly dialectal) Synonym of menggigil (“shivering”)


sindur

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦸꦂ (sindur).

(fashion) belt made of pink cloth with white edges

(fashion) batik cloth motif worn by the parents of the bride and groom at the wedding ceremony by wrapping it around the waist, red and white in color, red in the middle, white on the edges in the shape of waves


sebai

Inherited from Malay سباي (sebai, “shawl”). Cognate of Khmer ស្បៃ (sbay), Thai สะพาย (sà-paai).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">sebai</i>

inh+

cloth (silk and so on) that is hung around the neck to cover the shoulders and both ends hang down on the chest


sudahkan

head

sudahkan (active menyudahkan, passive disudahkan)

menyudahkan (active)
disudahkan (passive)


tjita-tjita

(1901–1947, 1947–1972) Superseded spelling of cita-cita.


pengatur perjalanan kereta api

id-noun

pengatur perjalanan kereta api (plural pengatur-pengatur perjalanan kereta api)

pengatur-pengatur perjalanan kereta api (plural)

/pəˌŋa.tur pər.d͡ʒaˌla.nan ˌkə.rə.ta ˈa.pi/

[pəˌŋa.t̪ʊr pər.d͡ʒaˌla.nan ˌkə.rə.t̪a ˈa.pi]

Compound of pengatur + perjalanan + kereta api.

com+

rail traffic controller
rail traffic controller

train service controller
train service controller

(rail transport) train dispatcher (US), rail traffic controller (Canada), train controller (Australia), train service controller (Singapore), signaller (UK)


preipal

Borrowed from Dutch, compound of vrij (“free”) + paal (“post”).

(rail transport) rail end limit train stop


PPKA

pengatur perjalanan kereta api#Indonesian

(rail transport) Initialism of pengatur perjalanan kereta api.


komuter

Borrowed from English commuter, from Latin commūtāre.

(transport) a person who regularly travels between two places; to and from work and home; using public transport.

(transport) a transport system or a vehicle in such systems used to transport commuters


daerah operasi

id-noun

daerah operasi (plural daerah-daerah operasi)


grafik perjalanan kereta api

grafik perjalanan kereta api (plural grafik-grafik perjalanan kereta api)

grafik-grafik perjalanan kereta api (plural)

/ˌɡra.fik pər.d͡ʒaˌla.nan ˌkə.rə.ta ˈa.pi/

[ˌɡra.fɪk̚ pər.d͡ʒaˌla.nan ˌkə.rə.t̪a ˈa.pi]

Compound of grafik + perjalanan + kereta api.

com+

(rail transport) rail graphic timetable: Two-dimensional railway timetables for both passenger and freight trains, with time denoted on one axis and distance denoted on the other.


fakultatif

Borrowed from Dutch facultatief, from French facultatif.

not obligate; optional, discretionary, or elective.

(biology) able to perform a particular life function, or to live generally, in more than one way.


rapat besar

Compound of rapat (“meeting”) + besar (“big”). Comparable to Chinese 大會／大会 (dàhuì, “mass meeting; rally; plenary session; convention; general assembly; general meeting”).

zh-l

Rapat Besar Kaoem Moeslimin. Medan 21-6-2603 - 50.000 Orang Moeslimin di Medan dan wakil wakil kaoem Moeslimien dari 10 Syuu di Soematera, telah melangsoengkan rapat besar dilapangan dimoeka Gedoeng Kantor Pembesar Balatentara Nippon di Medan.

1943, Soeara MIAI (Madjelis Islam A'la Indonesia) No. 13, MIAI (Madjelis Islam A'la Indonesia), page 17:

The Congress of the Muslim people. Medan 21-6-2603 - 50.000 Muslims in Medan and reperesentatives of the 10 Syuu in Sumatra, has held the congress in the field of the front of Pembesar Balatentara Nippon's office building in Medan.

Sekurang-kurangnja setahun sekali perkumpulan mengadakan rapat besar (konggres) jang dipimpin oleh Pengurus Besar.

1950, Kepartaian di Indonesia, Kementerian Penerangan Rep. Indonesia, page 124:

At least once a year the association hold a congress led by the general manager.

Seharusnya kita mengadakan rapat besar (kongres) bahasa Indonesia. Tetapi rasanja belumlah tiba masa jang baik untuk mengadakan rapat besar itu, karena ada beberapa hal jang patut didahulukan, itupun sampai sekarang belum djuga beres semuanja.

1950, Medan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan, Pengadjaran dan Kebudajaan, page 26:

We should hold an Indonesian congress. But it feels like there's no right time to hold the congresss yet, since there are some things that need to be considered, and until now those things are still not solved yet.

Pada Rapat Besar (Kongres) djumlah pro, harus lebih dari 1/2 dari djumlah suara tjabang jang hadir.

1958, Buku peringatan 30, Panitya Peringatan, page 357:

In the congress, the number of the pro votes has to be more than half of the con votes that are present.

Dalam Rapat Besar (Kongres), hak suara diatur setjara regressief dengan aturan jang ditentukan oleh Dewan Partai.

1960, Himpunan Lembaran Penguasa Perang Tertinggi, Tata-Usaha Lembaran Penguasa Perang Tertinggi Indonesia, page 10:

In the congress, the right of the vote is regulated regressively with the rules that are determined by the Party Council.

Rapat Besar (Kongres) PBMTS ― 18 ― 19 Djuli 39 di Jogjakarta

1965, Balai Penjusun Biro Pemuda Departemen P.D. & K., Sedjarah perdjuangan pemuda Indonesia, P.N. Balai Pustaka, page 80:

Rapat-Besar Taman - Siswa selandjutnja disebut Konggres, adalah badan kekuasaan tertinggi dalam Persatuan Taman-Siswa.

1967, Taman Siswa, Piagam dan peraturan besar Persatuan Taman Siswa, page 80:

Panitya Pemeriksa Keuangan dalam sub a, diharuskan memberikan laporan kepada Rapat Besar (Konggres).

1981, Bhayangkari, Serperempat Abad Kesatuan Gerak Bhayangkari, 1952-1977, page 202:

Saat itu, beberapa perkumpulan perempuan mendorong diadakannya rapat besar (Kongres Perempuan) untuk membahas cita-cita kemajuan dan kemerdekaan perempuan Indonesia.

2016, Fadly Rahman, Jejak rasa Nusantara sejarah makanan Indonesia, PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, page 355:

"Kongres yang terhormat, ini merupakan kehormatan besar bagi saya, bahwa saat ini, berkat rahmat Allah, saya dapat memimpin rapat besar ini yang dihadiri para pejabat terkemuka, saudara-saudara yang tercinta, wakil-wakil dari local SI dari pelbagai daerah, serta tuan-tuan dan saudara-saudara lainnya, yang semuanya hadir disini. Atas nama CSI, dengan ini saya mengucapkan selamat datang dan Assalamualaikum..."

2019, Handri Raharjo, Metamorfosis Sarekat Islam, Media Pressindo, page 77:

Panitia tersebut diketuai oleh S. Manggoensarkoro dan kesimpulan panitia diterima dalam Rapat Besar Umum (Kongres) V di Yogyakarta pada bulan Desember 1947.

2020, Sri Wintala Achmad, Ilmu bahagia Ki Ageng Suryomentaram, Araska Publisher, page 131:

(dated) congress (formal meeting, gathering or assembly)

diantaranja 5 anggota Amerika Serikat Soviet Uni, Inggris, Prantjis dan Tiongkok (Taiwan) adalah anggota2 tetap, sedang jang 6 lagi dipilih oleh rapat besar (General Assembly) tiap2 tahun.

1966, Iwa Kusumasumantri, Pokok2 ilmu politik dan ringkasan Pemberontakan Gestapu/P.K.I., Grafica, page 101:

Among the 5 members, the United States, the Soviet Union, England, France and China (Taiwan) are permanent members. While the other six are elected by the general assembly.


harta benda

asuransi harta benda


traksi

Borrowed from Dutch tractie (“traction”), from French traction, from Late Latin tractiōnem, trahō.

bor+

the act of pulling something along a surface using motive power.

the pulling power of an engine or animal.

(medicine, surgery) a mechanically applied sustained pull, especially to a limb.

(rail transport) collectively, the locomotives of a railroad, especially electric locomotives.


tertanggung

[t̪ərˈt̪aŋ.ɡʊŋ]

(insurance) insured (the person or persons whose interests are protected by an insurance policy)


manfaat takaful

id-noun

manfaat takaful (plural manfaat-manfaat takaful)

manfaat + takaful, literally “insurance benefits”.


bangunan hikmat

id-noun

bangunan hikmat (plural bangunan-bangunan hikmat)

Compound of bangunan (“building”) + hikmat (“wisdom”), calque of Dutch kunstwerk (“civil engineering structure”, literally “work of art”).

clq

non-building civil engineering structure


baharoe

(1901–1947, chiefly dialectal) Superseded spelling of baru.


embaru

êmbaru (canonical)
embaru-embaru (plural)

Alternative form of baru (“sea hibiscus, cottonwood hibiscus”)


badug

Borrowed from Javanese [Term?]. Doublet of baduk.

(rail transport) a barrier or wall installed at the end of a dead end track to prevent railway vehicles from going beyond the track


tunawarga

tuna- + warga. Replace narapidana then replaced by narapidana until now.


kecap lemes

(linguistics, grammar) respectful and honorific language register in the Sundanese language


minum-minum

head

minum-minum (active meminum-minum, passive diminum-minum)

meminum-minum (active)
diminum-minum (passive)

(intransitive) to drink (to consume alcoholic beverages)


penataan

pênataan (canonical)
penataan-penataan (plural)


syarikah

Borrowed from Arabic شَرِكَة (šarika). Doublet of serikat and syarikat.


menyeret

[məˈɲɛ.rɛt̪̚]


penyeret

pênyeret (canonical)
penyeret-penyeret (plural)

[pəˈɲɛ.rɛt̪̚]


mukminah

id-noun

mukminah (plural mukminah-mukminah or para mukminah)

mukminah-mukminah (plural)
para mukminah (plural)

From Arabic مُؤْمِنَة (muʔmina) (feminine plural of مُؤْمِن (muʔmin)).

Coordinate term: mukmin


tabik

Inherited from Malay tabik, ultimately from Sanskrit क्षन्तव्य (kṣantavya, “to be pardoned or forgiven”), itself from the root क्षम् (kṣam, “to endure, pardon”) + -तव्य (-tavya, “future passive participle”), with the core semantic first component apparently dropped and only the second grammatical component retained. Compare Minangkabau tabiak, Old Javanese tabe / kṣāntabya, Toba Batak santabi (“pardon”), Tagalog sintabi (“excuse me”).


tabik

(dialectal, uncommon) Greetings!; Hello!

Near-synonym: permisi

excuse me (to politely ask permission or show respect when visiting certain sacred places)


tabik

(used only in Islam contexts) a follower


hapus buku

Compound of hapus (“to delete”) + buku (“book”), refer to deletion of postings or a general ledger.


suwir

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦸꦮꦶꦂ (suwir, “ripped, shred, torn”).


KRL

kereta rel listrik
kereta rel listrik#Indonesian

(rail transport) Initialism of kereta rel listrik.


kereta rel listrik

id-noun

kereta rel listrik (plural kereta-kereta rel listrik)

Compound of kereta (“train”) + rel (“rail”) + listrik (“electric”).

com+

electric multiple unit
electric multiple unit#English


SWDKLLJ

sumbangan wajib dana kecelakaan lalu lintas jalan#Indonesian

(road transport) Initialism of sumbangan wajib dana kecelakaan lalu lintas jalan (literally “mandatory contributions to road traffic accident fund”).


PJL

(road transport) Initialism of penerangan jalan lingkungan (literally “neighborhood road lightning”).

(rail transport) Initialism of penjaga jalan lintasan.


BLB

(transport) Initialism of berhenti luar biasa.


bantalan rel

id-noun

bantalan rel (plural bantalan-bantalan rel)

Compound of bantalan (“cushion”) + rel (“rail”).


bobok-bobok siang

(slang, euphemistic, originally Jakarta, dated) to making love with a prostitute or adulterer in a hotel at noontime usually during lunch break


jatah mantan

(slang, originally Jakarta) to making love with ex-girlfriend or ex-boyfriend before marriage, usually days before, often without using condoms


bisyar

Blend of bispak + bayar. Initially to differentiate payed bispak from unpayed bispak (pure, without payment involved)


bakal pelanting

id-noun

bakal pelanting (plural bakal-bakal pelanting)

Compound of bakal + pelanting, calque of English rolling stock.


bea akses bandara

bea akses bandara (plural bea-bea akses bandara)

Compound of bea (“expense”) + akses (“access”) + bandara (“airport”).

com+

(transport) fees charged by airport authorities to consumers for providing shuttle services


bea fasilitas

id-noun

bea fasilitas (plural bea-bea fasilitas)

(transport) additional charges for airport use


beban gandar

beban gandar (plural beban-beban gandar)

Compound of beban (“load”) + gandar (“axle”).


biaya jarak tambahan

(rail transport) additional charges imposed on certain routes that have a total ticketed point mileage greater than the maximum permitted mileages


biaya nirtempah

id-noun

biaya nirtempah (plural biaya-biaya nirtempah)

(transport) fees charged to non-reserved passengers when purchasing tickets


biaya pengembalian uang

biaya pengembalian uang (plural biaya-biaya pengembalian uang)

Compound of biaya + pengembalian + uang.

(transport) cancellation charge, cancellation fee


ekspedisi darat

ekspedisi darat (plural ekspedisi-ekspedisi darat)


spaten

(rail transport) rail bending due to expansion


kawinkan

head

kawinkan (active mengawinkan, passive dikawinkan)

mengawinkan (active)
dikawinkan (passive)


ekstradisi bilateral

(law, politics) bilateral exchange of suspects


elektrifikasi perkeretaapian

id-noun

elektrifikasi perkeretaapian (plural elektrifikasi-elektrifikasi perkeretaapian)

Compound of elektrifikasi (“electrification”) + perkeretaapian.

com+

railway electrification
railway electrification#English

(rail transport) railway electrification


elektrifikasi

Borrowed from Dutch electrificatie (“electrification”).

bor+

the act of electrifying, or the state of being charged with electricity.

the adaptation (of a home, farm, village, city, industry, railroad) for electric power.


perkeretaapian

railway, railroad: a transport system using rails used to move passengers or goods.


harga khusus

id-noun

harga khusus (plural harga-harga khusus)

Compound of harga (“price”) + khusus (“special”).


jalan rel

(rail transport) railway, railroad track, railway track, railway line, rails: A track, consisting of parallel rails, over which wheeled vehicles such as trains may travel.


jalur kereta api khusus

id-noun

jalur kereta api khusus (plural jalur-jalur kereta api khusus)

Compound of jalur (“track”) + kereta api (“train”) + khusus (“special”). Comparable to Japanese 専用鉄道(せんようてつどう) (sen'yōtetsudō).

com+

(rail transport) private industrial railway


jalur luncur

id-noun

jalur luncur (plural jalur-jalur luncur)

(rail transport) safety siding: a track to secure a train that cannot stop at the indicated point


jalur penyelamat

jalur penyelamat (plural jalur-jalur penyelamat)

emergency escape ramp
emergency escape ramp

(road transport) runaway truck ramp, runaway truck lane, escape lane, safety ramp, emergency escape ramp, or truck arrester bed


jalur sayap

(rail transport) siding: a second, relatively short length of track just to the side of a railroad track, joined to the main track by switches at one or both ends, used either for loading or unloading freight, storing trains or other rail vehicles; or to allow two trains on a same track to meet (opposite directions) or pass (same direction).


jalur simpan

jalur simpan (plural jalur-jalur simpan)

(rail transport) coach yards or stabling yards or carriage sidings: siding for sorting, storing and repairing.


jalur tangkap

jalur tangkap (plural jalur-jalur tangkap)

Compound of jalur + tangkap (“to catch”).

com+

(rail transport) receiving yard, arrival yard.


jaringan jalur kereta api

id-noun

jaringan jalur kereta api (plural jaringan-jaringan jalur kereta api)

jaringan-jaringan jalur kereta api (plural)

Compound of jaringan (“network”) + jalur (“track”) + kereta api (“train”).


jarum wesel

Compound of jarum (“needle”) + wesel (“points; switch”).

(rail transport) frog; crossing (nose): the part of a railway switch or turnout where the running-rails cross.


jembatan beruji kabel

id-noun

jembatan beruji kabel (plural jembatan-jembatan beruji kabel)


jembatan pelengkung

jembatan pelengkung (plural jembatan-jembatan pelengkung)

Compound of jembatan (“bridge”) + pelengkung (“arch”).


jembatan rangka batang

id-noun

jembatan rangka batang (plural jembatan-jembatan rangka batang)

jembatan-jembatan rangka batang (plural)

Compound of jembatan (“bridge”) + rangka + batang.


jembatan rasuk

id-noun

jembatan rasuk (plural jembatan-jembatan rasuk)


juru langsir

(rail transport) shunter, switcher (employee)


kecepatan rencana

kecepatan rencana (plural kecepatan-kecepatan rencana)


kereta bisnis

kereta bisnis (plural kereta-kereta bisnis)

Compound of kereta (“train”) + bisnis (“business”).


kereta inspeksi

id-noun

kereta inspeksi (plural kereta-kereta inspeksi)

Compound of kereta (“train”) + inspeksi (“inspection”).

com+

(rail transport) inspection train: a powered train that functions to inspect infrastructure along the railway line, equipped with a work space and roadworthiness testing equipment


landasan udara

id-noun

landasan udara (plural landasan-landasan udara)

(aviation) airstrip: an aircraft landing field, usually with one runway and only basic facilities.


lanud

landasan udara
landasan udara#Indonesian

pangkalan udara
pangkalan udara#Indonesian

(military) Acronym of pangkalan udara (“air base”).


lidah wesel

Compound of lidah (“tongue”) + wesel (“points; switch”). Compare to Japanese トングレール (tongurēru).

com+

(rail transport) point blade, switch rail


listring

a gold bracelet with sides decorated with gems and a flower-shaped center


listring

(rail transport) return of rail position to original geometric position


los bundar

Compound of los (“longhouse”) + bundar (“round”).

(rail transport) railway roundhouse: a building with a circular or semicircular shape used by railways for servicing and storing locomotives near a rail turntable.


mesin pecok

Compound of mesin (“machine”) + pecok, pecak (“thin”).

(rail transport) tamping machine, ballast tamper: machine for compacting railway track ballast.


muatan sumbu

id-noun

muatan sumbu (plural muatan-muatan sumbu)

Compound of muatan (“load”) + sumbu (“axis”).


pelat landas

id-noun

pelat landas (plural pelat-pelat landas)

(rail transport) tie plate, baseplate or sole plate: a steel plate for centering and reinforcing the attachment point on the rail tracks between a flanged T rail and a railroad tie


pelat sambung

pelat sambung (plural pelat-pelat sambung)

(rail transport) fishplate, joint bar: a metal bar that is bolted to the ends of two rails to join them together in a track.


pemutar rel

pemutar rel (plural pemutar-pemutar rel)


penambat rel

penambat rel (plural penambat-penambat rel)


pengatur balas

pengatur balas (plural pengatur-pengatur balas)

Compound of pengatur (“regulator”) + balas (“ballast”).

com+

(rail transport) ballast regulator, ballast spreader or ballast sweeper: a railway maintenance equipment used to shape and distribute the gravel track ballast that supports the ties in rail tracks.


gapeka

grafik perjalanan kereta api
grafik perjalanan kereta api#Indonesian

(rail transport) Acronym of grafik perjalanan kereta api (“rail graphic timetable”).


penggeser rel

id-noun

penggeser rel (plural penggeser-penggeser rel)

(rail transport) traverser, transfer table, traverse table


periuk gandar

periuk gandar (plural periuk-periuk gandar)

Compound of periuk (“pot”) + gandar (“axle”).

com+

(rail transport) sleeve that protects the bearing on the bogie


kasatmata

From Javanese ꦏꦱꦠ꧀ꦩꦠ (kasatmata, “visible”), from ꦏ (ka) + ꦱꦠ꧀ꦩꦠ (satmata, “visible”).


perlintasan sebidang

id-noun

perlintasan sebidang (plural perlintasan-perlintasan sebidang)

(rail transport, road transport) grade crossing, railroad crossing, level crossing: an at-grade crossing between a railway line and an ordinary road, with rails and road at the same level.


peron barang

peron barang (plural peron-peron barang)

Compound of peron (“platform”) + barang (“goods”).

com+

(rail transport) platform used as a place for loading and unloading cargo


peron bertingkat

id-noun

peron bertingkat (plural peron-peron bertingkat)

(rail transport) a platform located on the side of two railway lines that intersect or cross, but are not at the same level


peron sisi

Compound of peron (“platform”) + sisi (“side; face”).

com+

single-face platform
single-face platform

(rail transport) side platform, through platform, marginal platform or single-face platform: a platform positioned to the side of one or more railway tracks or guideways at a railway station, tram stop, or transitway.


peron teluk

Compound of peron (“platform”) + teluk (“bay”).


petak balon

(rail transport) balloon loop: a looped section of track that allows a rail vehicle or train to reverse direction without having to shunt or even stop.


prasarana perkeretaapian

id-noun

prasarana perkeretaapian (plural prasarana-prasarana perkeretaapian)


rel lantak

(rail transport) stock rail: a fixed rail in a railway track that the switch rail operates against.


rel sayap

Compound of rel (“rail”) + sayap (“wing”).


segitiga pembalik

id-noun

segitiga pembalik (plural segitiga-segitiga pembalik)


sepur simpan

sepur simpan (plural sepur-sepur simpan)

(rail transport) coach yards or stabling yards or carriage sidings: siding for sorting, storing and repairing.


skilu

(rail transport) the difference in rail height at two observation points, usually at a distance of three meters or 6 bearing axes


stamformasi

Borrowed from Dutch stamformatie (stam (“trunk”) + formatie (“formation”)).

(rail transport) number of carriages in a train set


stasiun barang

stasiun barang (plural stasiun-stasiun barang)

(rail transport) goods station, freight station


stasiun operasi

stasiun operasi (plural stasiun-stasiun operasi)

(rail transport) a train station that has facilities for crossing, overtaking trains, and/or bypassing, and can function to serve passengers getting on and off and/or loading and unloading goods


stasiun penumpang

stasiun penumpang (plural stasiun-stasiun penumpang)


stasiun terminus

stasiun terminus (plural stasiun-stasiun terminus)


stasiun transit

stasiun transit (plural stasiun-stasiun transit)

(rail transport) interchange station, transfer station


tirpon

Borrowed from French tire-fond (“chair screw, coach screw”).

bor+

(rail transport) chair screw, coach screw


wesel inggris

id-noun

wesel inggris (plural wesel-wesel inggris)

Compound of wesel + Inggris, calque of Dutch Engels wissel (“double slip switch”, literally “English switch”).

clq

(rail transport) double slip switch, double switch, puzzle switch, double compound points.


wesel lengkung

id-noun

wesel lengkung (plural wesel-wesel lengkung)

(rail transport) a switch whose entire rail is curved


wesel tiga jalan

wesel tiga jalan (plural wesel-wesel tiga jalan)


tugas pembantuan

Compound of tugas + pembantuan, calque of Dutch medebewind.

(government) assistance: assignment from the central government to the provincial government to carry out part of the government affairs that are the authority of the central government or from the provincial government to the district/city government to carry out part of the government affairs that are the authority of the provincial government


pagu anggaran

pagu anggaran (plural pagu-pagu anggaran)

Compound of pagu (“ceiling”) + anggaran (“budget”).


absolutisme birokratik

id-noun

absolutisme birokratik (plural absolutisme-absolutisme birokratik)

bureaucratic absolutism
bureaucratic absolutism

(politics) bureaucratic absolutism: absolutism held by bureaucrats


acara kenegaraan

acara kenegaraan (plural acara-acara kenegaraan)

(politics) an event organized and implemented by a centralized state committee, attended by the president and/or vice president, as well as state officials and other invitees


kenegaraan

(politics) state: centralized political organization that regulates law and society


administrasi pemerintahan

administrasi pemerintahan (plural administrasi-administrasi pemerintahan)

Compound of administrasi + pemerintahan.


agregasi kepentingan

agregasi kepentingan (plural agregasi-agregasi kepentingan)

(politics) the function of political parties in channeling the aspirations or desires of the people to those in power or the government


akomodasi politik

akomodasi politik (plural akomodasi-akomodasi politik)

(politics) political accommodation: people with diverse interests taking account of others' perspectives without compromising their own core interests


aksi buruh

(politics) labor action: labor unrest, including strike, work stoppage, slowdown, sick-out, picketing and any other concerted job action


aksi cap jempol darah

aksi cap jempol darah (plural aksi-aksi cap jempol darah)

Compound of aksi + cap + jempol + darah.

(politics) blood thumbprint action: action by putting blood on a long piece of cloth as a form of protest, demand or support


aksi tanda tangan

aksi tanda tangan (plural aksi-aksi tanda tangan)

(politics) an action carried out by signing, usually on a long white cloth as a form of protest, demand or support


aksi terorisme

aksi terorisme (plural aksi-aksi terorisme)


aksioma politik

aksioma politik (plural aksioma-aksioma politik)

(politics) a political statement that is accepted as true even though it cannot be proven


aktivis partai

aktivis partai (plural aktivis-aktivis partai)

Compound of aktivis (“activist”) + partai (“party”).

com+

(politics) a person who is active in party management and helps to make his party big and win elections


aktivisme borjuis

id-noun

aktivisme borjuis (plural aktivisme-aktivisme borjuis)

(politics) bourgeois activism: activism carried out by the reformist middle class


akuisens

Borrowed from English acquiescence, from French acquiescence.

(politics) a silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission with apparent consent, distinguished from avowed consent on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open discontent; quiet satisfaction.

(law) Inaction, passivity, or neglect to take legal action when it is called for in order to assert, preserve, or safeguard a right, and which inaction implies the abandonment of said right.


alat peraga kampanye

alat peraga kampanye (plural alat-alat peraga kampanye)

Compound of alat (“tool”) + peraga + kampanye (“campaign”).

com+

(politics) objects containing information on election participants for campaign purposes


aliansi oposisi

id-noun

aliansi oposisi (plural aliansi-aliansi oposisi)

(politics) a coalition of several political parties opposing the ruling party or coalition, carried out to increase their role in the political world or as an effort to win general elections


aliansi politik

aliansi politik (plural aliansi-aliansi politik)

(politics) close ties or alliances between political parties or political activists


ambisi politik

ambisi politik (plural ambisi-ambisi politik)

Compound of ambisi (“ambition”) + politik (“political”).


analisis faktor

id-noun

analisis faktor (plural analisis-analisis faktor)

(politics, statistics) factor analysis: a statistical method used to describe variability among observed, correlated variables in terms of a potentially lower number of unobserved variables called factors.


anarki sindikalisme

anarki sindikalisme (plural anarki-anarki sindikalisme)

Compound of anarki (“anarchy”) + sindikalisme.

com+

(politics) a branch of anarchism that focuses on the labor movement


sindikalisme

Borrowed from Dutch syndicalisme (“syndicalism”), from French syndicalisme.


angkatan enam puluh enam

id-noun

angkatan enam puluh enam (plural angkatan-angkatan enam puluh enam)

angkatan-angkatan enam puluh enam (plural)

(politics) a group of Indonesian youth who worked together with ABRI toppled the Old Order and established the New Order, this incident occurred in 1966


antiklerikalisme

(politics) anticlericalism: the opposition to political influence of clerics.


arogansi kekuasaan

arogansi kekuasaan (plural arogansi-arogansi kekuasaan)


arogansi politik

arogansi politik (plural arogansi-arogansi politik)

(politics) political arrogance: arrogance that arises from having a position or political power


artikulasi politik

artikulasi politik (plural artikulasi-artikulasi politik)

(politics) conveying the aspirations, interests or demands of the people to political institutions


asas kepastian hukum

Compound of asas (“principle”) + kepastian hukum (“legal certainty”).

com+

(finance, politics) legal certainty principle


asertif

Borrowed from Dutch assertief (“assertive”), from French assertif (“assertive”).


aspirasi politik

id-noun

aspirasi politik (plural aspirasi-aspirasi politik)

Compound of aspirasi (“aspiration”) + politik (“politics”).


atase pertahanan

id-noun

atase pertahanan (plural atase-atase pertahanan)

Compound of atase (“attaché”) + pertahanan (“defence”).

com+

(politics, military) military attaché, defence attaché


atase teknis

id-noun

atase teknis (plural atase-atase teknis)

Compound of atase (“attaché”) + teknis (“technical”).

com+

(politics) an attaché who is placed at a particular country's representative office to carry out technical tasks in accordance with the main tasks of the sending ministry or in accordance with the main tasks of a government agency


badan anggaran

Compound of badan + anggaran (“budget”).

(politics) budget committee, committee on budget


badan pembuat undang-undang

id-noun

badan pembuat undang-undang (plural badan-badan pembuat undang-undang)

badan-badan pembuat undang-undang (plural)

Compound of badan + pembuat + undang-undang.

com+

constituent assembly
constituent assembly#English

constitutional assembly
constitutional assembly#English

(politics) constituent assembly, constitutional assembly: a body of representatives convened to draft and adopt a new constitution for a country.


bantuan kedinasan

id-noun

bantuan kedinasan (plural bantuan-bantuan kedinasan)

Compound of bantuan (“assistance”) + kedinasan (“service”).

com+

(government) cooperation between government agencies and/or officials to help smooth the running of government administration services in agencies that require it


bipolaritas

(politics) a balance of power system that places countries into two competing power poles and is led by one determining power


bipolisentrisme

(politics) an international political system characterized by the loosening of competing blocs into less cohesive alliances and the rise of influential Non-Aligned States


bosisme

(politics) domination of political organizations by the bosses


BPPd

bilangan pembagi penduduk
bilangan pembagi penduduk#Indonesian

(demography) initialism of bilangan pembagi penduduk.


BPPD

Badan Promosi Pariwisata Daerah
w:id:Badan Promosi Pariwisata Daerah

(demography) initialism of Badan Promosi Pariwisata Daerah.


budaya tandingan

id-noun

budaya tandingan (plural budaya-budaya tandingan)

(anthropology, politics) counterculture: a culture whose values and norms of behavior differ substantially from those of mainstream society, sometimes diametrically opposed to mainstream cultural mores.


cakada

(politics) acronym of calon kepala daerah (“head of regional government candidate”).


calon independen

calon independen (plural calon-calon independen)

Compound of calon (“candidate”) + independen (“independent”).


citra politik

id-noun

citra politik (plural citra-citra politik)

(politics) political image: the way people perceive a particular person, party or idea


cokai

Borrowed from Japanese 常会(じょうかい) (jōkai, literally “aza regular meeting”).

ja-r

(government) A hamlet-like (a group of houses) informal governance structure in Indonesia, which is larger than rukun tetangga.


daerah perwalian

id-noun

daerah perwalian (plural daerah-daerah perwalian)

Compound of daerah (“area”) + perwalian.


daftar pemilih

daftar pemilih (plural daftar-daftar pemilih)

Compound of daftar (“list”) + pemilih (“voter”).

com+

(politics) electoral register, electoral roll, poll book, voter roll, voters roll


daftar pemilih khusus

id-noun

daftar pemilih khusus (plural daftar-daftar pemilih khusus)

Compound of daftar pemilih (“electoral register, electoral roll, poll book, voter roll, voters roll”) + khusus (“special”).

com+

(politics) list of voters who have population identification, but are not yet registered


daftar pemilih sementara

id-noun

daftar pemilih sementara (plural daftar-daftar pemilih sementara)

daftar-daftar pemilih sementara (plural)

Compound of daftar pemilih (“electoral register, electoral roll, poll book, voter roll, voters roll”) + sementara (“temporary”).

com+

(politics) list of voters is the result of updating the permanent list of voters for the general election or the last election by taking into account the list of potential voters for the election


data penduduk potensial pemilih pemilu#Indonesian

(politics) Abbreviation of data penduduk potensial pemilih pemilu (literally “potential voter population data”).


dana bagi hasil

id-noun

dana bagi hasil (plural dana-dana bagi hasil)

(finance, government, politics) revenue sharing fund: funds sourced from certain national revenues which are allocated to producing regions based on a certain percentage figure with the aim of reducing the disparity in financial capacity between the central and regional governments


dehegemonisasi

international relations
international relations

(international relations, politics) dehegemonization


deklarasi partai

deklarasi partai (plural deklarasi-deklarasi partai)

Compound of deklarasi (“declaration”) + partai (“party”).

com+

(politics) statement and notification regarding the establishment of a political party to the public


delegitimasi politik

Compound of delegitimasi (“delegitimization, delegitimisation”) + politik (“politics”).

(politics) the state of a person, party, or government that no longer receives political recognition and support from society


delegitimasi

Borrowed from Dutch delegitimisatie (“delegitimization, delegitimisation”).


demokrasi absolut

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + absolut (“absolute”).


demokrasi Athena

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + Athena (“Athens”).

(politics) Athenian democracy: the system of democratic government used in Athens, Greece from the 5th to 4th century BCE.


demokrasi borjuis

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + borjuis (“bourgeoisie”).

(politics) democracy implemented to protect bourgeois interests


demokrasi konstitusional

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + konstitusional (“constitutional”).

constitutional democracy
constitutional democracy

(politics) constitutional democracy: a form of government where the people elect representatives or laws, and a constitution limits and authorizes those laws


demokrasi mayoritarian

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + mayoritarian (“majoritarian”).

majoritarian democracy
majoritarian democracy

(politics) majoritarian democracy: a form of democracy based upon a principle of majority rule.


demokrasi perwakilan

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + perwakilan (“representation”).

representative democracy
representative democracy

(politics) representative democracy: a type of democracy where representatives are elected by the public.


demokrasi saksama

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + saksama (“thorough, careful; accurate”).

(politics) democracy that emphasizes the role of active community participation in political decision-making through deliberation


demokrasi sosial

Compound of demokrasi (“democracy”) + sosial (“social”).

(politics) social democracy: a social, economic, and political philosophy within socialism that supports political and economic democracy and a gradualist, reformist and democratic approach toward achieving limited socialism


depolitisasi massa

Compound of depolitisasi (“depoliticization”) + massa (“mass”).

(politics) efforts to distance or keep society away from political problems and activities


depolitisasi

Borrowed from Dutch depolitisatie (“depoliticization”), from French dépolitisation (“depoliticization”).


dewan jenderal

id-noun

dewan jenderal (plural dewan-dewan jenderal)

Compound of dewan (“council”) + jenderal (“general”).

com+

(politics) a council consisting of Indonesian Army generals who were accused of planning a coup against President Soekarno in October 1965


dinas intelijen

id-noun

dinas intelijen (plural dinas-dinas intelijen)

Compound of dinas (“service”) + intelijen (“intelligence”).

com+

(politics) intelligence: a political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.


diplomasi intermestik

Compound of diplomasi (“diplomacy”) + intermestik (“international and domestic”).

(international relations) diplomacy carried out by subnational actors, regional governments, and/or local governments that aims to combine international issues with domestic issues, or resolve international issues using domestic means


intermestik

Blend of internasional (“international”) + domestik (“domestic”)


diplomasi jalur kedua

Compound of diplomasi (“diplomacy”) + jalur (“track”) + kedua (“second”).

com+

(international relations) non-governmental diplomacy


diplomasi jalur pertama

Compound of diplomasi (“diplomacy”) + jalur (“track”) + pertama (“first”), calque of English track I diplomacy.

(international relations) government-to-government diplomacy, formal diplomacy


diplomasi multijalur

Compound of diplomasi (“diplomacy”) + multijalur (“multi-track”).

multi-track diplomacy
multi-track diplomacy

(international relations) multi-track diplomacy: diplomatic approach involves nine pathways, including government, business, community, research, activism, religious, funding, and mass media


diplomasi megafon

Compound of diplomasi (“diplomacy”) + megafon (“megaphone”).

(international relations) megaphone diplomacy: the practice of making strong or threatening statements in order to make another country comply.


diplomasi preventif

Compound of diplomasi (“diplomacy”) + preventif (“preventive”).

preventive diplomacy
preventive diplomacy

(international relations) preventive diplomacy: diplomatic action taken to prevent disputes from escalating into conflicts and to limit the spread of conflicts when they occur.


disiplin militer

Compound of disiplin (“discipline”) + militer (“military”).

(military) military discipline: the obedience to a code of conduct while in military service.


diskriminasi politik

id-noun

diskriminasi politik (plural diskriminasi-diskriminasi politik)

Compound of diskriminasi (“discrimination”) + politik (“political”).

com+

political discrimination
political discrimination

(politics) political discrimination: treating a person on political grounds, less favourably than others are, or would be treated in the same, or similar, circumstances.


diskursus politik

id-noun

diskursus politik (plural diskursus-diskursus politik)

Compound of diskursus (“discourse”) + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) political discourse: the communication and interpretation of events and ideas within the realm of politics.


distorsi politik

id-noun

distorsi politik (plural distorsi-distorsi politik)

Compound of distorsi (“distortion”) + politik (“political”).

com+

political distortion
political distortion

(politics) political distortion: distortion of political issues or distortion of political facts in order to achieve certain political goals


data penduduk potensial pemilih pemilu luar negeri#Indonesian

(politics) Abbreviation of data penduduk potensial pemilih pemilu luar negeri (literally “potential overseas voter population data”).


DPB

data pemilih berkelanjutan
data pemilih berkelanjutan#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of data pemilih berkelanjutan.


DPKLN

daftar pemilih khusus luar negeri#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih khusus luar negeri.


DPSHP

daftar pemilih sementara hasil perbaikan#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih sementara hasil perbaikan.


DPSHPLN

daftar pemilih sementara hasil perbaikan luar negeri#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih sementara hasil perbaikan luar negeri.


DPSLN

daftar pemilih sementara luar negeri#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih sementara luar negeri.


DPTb

daftar pemilih tambahan
daftar pemilih tambahan#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih tambahan.


DPTbLN

daftar pemilih tambahan luar negeri#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih tambahan luar negeri.


DPTLN

daftar pemilih tetap luar negeri#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih tetap luar negeri.


dualisme kepemimpinan

id-noun

dualisme kepemimpinan (plural dualisme-dualisme kepemimpinan)

Compound of dualisme (“dualism”) + kepemimpinan (“leadership”).

com+

(politics) the existence of two leaders who have the same authority in an organization or government


dunia kedua

Compound of dunia (“world”) + kedua (“second”).

(politics) Second World: Those countries aligned with the East during the Cold War, particularly in contrast to those aligned with the West (First World).


ekofasisme

Borrowed from Dutch ecofascisme (“ecofascism”).


ekologi politik

Compound of ekologi (“ecology”) + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) political ecology: the study of the relationships between political, economic and social factors with environmental issues and changes.


eksodus politik

id-noun

eksodus politik (plural eksodus-eksodus politik)

Compound of eksodus (“exodus”) + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) large-scale political party change of administrators and members


pukulkan

head

pukulkan (active memukulkan, passive dipukulkan)

memukulkan (active)
dipukulkan (passive)


ekspatriasi

→ Malay: ekspatriasi

Borrowed from Dutch expatriatie (“expatriation”).

bor+

voluntary migration from one's native land to another

forced expulsion of from one's native land to another


ekstrem kanan

Compound of ekstrem (“extreme”) + kanan (“right”), partial calque of Dutch extreemrechts (“far right, hard right, ultraright, reich-wing”).

partial calque

(politics) far right, hard right, ultraright, reich-wing: the most right-wing or conservative part of a political faction or grouping.


ekstrem kiri

Compound of ekstrem (“extreme”) + kiri (“left”), partial calque of Dutch extreemlinks.

com+

(politics) far left, hard left, ultraleft


elektoral

Borrowed from Dutch electoraal (“electoral”).


elite partai

id-noun

elite partai (plural elite-elite partai)

Compound of elite (“elite”) + partai (“party”).

com+

(politics) group of high-ranking officials in a political organization


elite politik

id-noun

elite politik (plural elite-elite politik)

Compound of elite (“elite”) + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) a person or group of people who have the power and influence to control the political process and the consequences of its policies


era reformasi

Compound of era (“period”) + reformasi (“reformation”).


eskalasi geopolitik

id-noun

eskalasi geopolitik (plural eskalasi-eskalasi geopolitik)

Compound of eskalasi (“escalation”) + geopolitik (“geopolitics”).

com+

international relations
international relations

(international relations) escalation of intensity in relations between countries


etika politik

Compound of etika (“ethics”) + politik (“politics”).

(ethics, politics) political ethics: the practice of making moral judgments about political actions and the study of that practice


euforia politik

id-noun

euforia politik (plural euforia-euforia politik)

Compound of euforia + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) a political situation that is in uproar due to the existence of freedom after previously very repressive political policies


federalisme kerja sama

Compound of federalisme (“federalism”) + kerja sama (“collaboration”).

(politics) federalism based on cooperation between the federal and provincial governments to achieve a goal


forkopimda

(military, government) Acronym of forum koordinasi pimpinan daerah (“regional leader coordination forum”).


gentong babi

Compound of gentong + babi, calque of English pork barrel.


golongan merah

Compound of golongan (“group”) + merah (“red”).


golongan putih

Compound of golongan (“group”) + putih (“white”).

(politics) citizens who refuse to vote in a general election as a sign of protest


gradualisme

the belief that some phenomenon occurs gradually over a long period of time.

(biology) the belief that evolution proceeds at a steady pace, without the sudden development of new species or biological features from one generation to the next.

(politics) the belief that change ought to be brought about in small, discrete increments rather than in abrupt strokes such as revolutions or uprisings.


daftar pencarian orang

Compound of daftar (“list”) + pencarian (“finding, search”) + orang (“person”).


hak anggaran

Compound of hak (“right”) + anggaran (“budget”).

(politics) the right of the Regional People's Representative Council to determine the regional revenue and expenditure budget


hak asal-usul

(politics) rights in the form of inheritance of village initiative systems that are in accordance with the development of community life, such as the system of traditional community organizations, institutions, customary laws and regulations, village treasury land, and agreements in village community life


hak keterwakilan

Compound of hak (“right”) + keterwakilan (“representation”).

(politics) the right to receive recognition of state representatives sent abroad and the right to receive representatives of other countries in the event of the opening of diplomatic relations


keterwakilan

representation:
the act of representing.

the appearance(s) of a particular demographic group in a piece of media, particularly in regards to how such appearances are treated.

(politics) the ability to elect a representative to speak on one's behalf in government; the role of this representative in government.


hak legasi

Compound of hak (“right”) + legasi (“legation”).


hak meminta keterangan

Compound of hak (“right”) + meminta + keterangan.

(politics) the right of the regional legislative council to request information from the regional head regarding the regional head's policies


hak protokoler

Compound of hak (“right”) + protokoler (“protocollary”).

(politics) the rights of state officials, government officials and community leaders to receive respect in connection with their positions, both at state events, official events and in carrying out their duties


hubungan luar negeri

Compound of hubungan (“relation”) + luar negeri (“foreign”).

(politics) overseas activities, both regional and international, carried out by the government (central and regional), government institutions, business entities, political organizations, community organizations, non-governmental organizations, or Indonesian citizens


hukum darurat

Compound of hukum (“law”) + darurat (“emergency”).

(politics) emergency law: all legislation referring to the state of emergency in all its forms and suspension of the Constitution on behalf of state security, including anti-terrorism legislation.


ideologi ekonomi

Compound of ideologi (“ideology”) + ekonomi (“economics”).

(economics, politics) ideology related to economic practices and policies in society


imperialisme barat

Compound of imperialisme (“imperialism”) + barat (“west”).


imperialisme sosial

Compound of imperialisme (“imperialism”) + sosial (“social”).

(politics) social imperialism: a political and economic ideology that involves a government using imperialism to maintain domestic social peace while also providing resources and wealth to the state


informasi publik

Compound of informasi (“information”) + publik (“public”).

(politics) public information: any information, regardless of form or format, that an agency discloses, disseminates, or makes available to the public.


institusionalisme liberal

Compound of institusionalisme + liberal.

liberal institutionalism
liberal institutionalism

institutional liberalism
institutional liberalism

(international relations) liberal institutionalism, institutional liberalism, or neoliberalism: a theory of international relations that holds that international cooperation between states is feasible and sustainable, and that such cooperation can reduce conflict and competition. Neoliberalism is a revised version of liberalism.


integrasi bangsa

Compound of integrasi (“integration”) + bangsa (“nation”).

(politics) the process of a nation-state coming together as a collective identity, working towards common goals, and recognizing a shared identity among its citizens.


integrasi nasional

Compound of integrasi (“integration”) + nasional (“national”).

(politics) unification of people with various backgrounds to maintain national unity and integrity in order to achieve a safe, comfortable, peaceful and prosperous state


integrasi politik

Compound of integrasi (“integration”) + politik (“political”).

(politics) the process of improving cooperative relations between two or more political units


integrasi wilayah

Compound of integrasi (“integration”) + wilayah (“area, region”).

(politics) the establishment of central national authority over smaller political units or regions that may consist of particular cultural or social groups


interegnum

Borrowed from Dutch interregnum, from Latin interrēgnum.


internalisasi

(literally) the process of internalizing something.

internalization, internalisation
the process of internalizing something.

(biology) a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell.

(psychology) the unconscious adoption of the thoughts or personality traits of others.

(sociology) an individual's acceptance of a set of norms and values (established by others) through socialisation.


internasionalisme

→ Malay: internasionalisme

Borrowed from Dutch internationalisme (“internationalism”).


intervensi kekuasaan

Compound of intervensi (“intervention”) + kekuasaan (“power; authority”).

com+

(politics) intervention by the authorities or government in an organizational or political party problem


jaminan internasional

Compound of jaminan (“guarantee, warrantee”) + internasional (“international”).

(international relations) an agreement between countries to protect certain rights or conditions


juru runding

Compound of juru (“worker; professional”) + runding.

(international relations, politics) negotiator


kabinet zaken

Compound of kabinet (“cabinet”) + zaken.

(politics) a cabinet whose ministers consist of individuals from among experts or professionals in a particular field and are not representatives of a political party


kampanye hitam

Compound of kampanye (“campaign”) + hitam (“black”).

(politics) campaign by badmouthing political opponents


kampanye negatif

Compound of kampanye (“campaign”) + negatif (“negative”).

(politics) a campaign to attack a political opponent using facts or the opponent's policies


kantong suara

Compound of kantong (“pocket”) + suara (“vote”, literally “voice”).

(politics) an area that is a source of votes for a particular political force or party


kapitalis birokrat

Compound of kapitalis (“capitalist”) + birokrat (“bureaucrat”).

(politics) a person who has a position in a government institution or in a political organization who abuses his power and position to enrich his group or himself


kaum revolusioner

Compound of kaum (“race, community”) + revolusioner (“revolutionary”).

(politics) a minority group consisting of various social strata, namely people who have the same ideology and promise to oppose oppression, eliminate the games of rulers and bureaucrats


kawasan perbatasan

Compound of kawasan (“area”) + perbatasan (“border”).

(politics) border area: the land that is immediately adjacent to a country's border.


keadilan konvensional

Compound of keadilan (“justice”) + konvensional (“conventional”).

(politics) justice that binds citizens, because it is brought closer through a special power or law


konvensional

pertaining to a convention, as in following generally accepted principles, methods and behaviour.


keamanan bersama

Compound of keamanan (“security”) + bersama (“common”).

(politics) common security: a concept that aims to achieve security for all nations by prioritizing cooperation, diplomacy, and trust-building over militarized approaches


keamanan maritim

Compound of keamanan (“security”) + maritim (“maritime”).

(politics) maritime security: an umbrella term informed to classify issues in the maritime domain that are often related to national security, marine environment, economic development, and human security.


kebijakan distributif

Compound of kebijakan (“policy”) + distributif (“distributive”).

(politics) policies that divide and allocate material resources that have been taken for the benefit of the general public, for example the construction of highways and bridges


kebijakan ekstraktif

Compound of kebijakan (“policy”) + ekstraktif (“extractive”).

(politics) a policy in the form of collecting material resources from the wider community carried out by the government, for example tax collection


kebijakan regulatif

Compound of kebijakan (“policy”) + regulatif (“regulative”).

(politics) policies in the form of regulations and obligations that must be obeyed by the community and government administrators, for example regulations regarding traffic regulations


regulatif

Borrowed from Dutch regulatief (“regulative”).


kebudayaan politik

Compound of kebudayaan (“culture”) + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) knowledge that forms patterns of behavioral characteristics of society towards government and politics


kedaulatan energi

Compound of kedaulatan (“sovereignty”) + energi (“energy”).

(politics) energy sovereignty: the idea that individuals, communities, and nations should have the right to make their own decisions about energy generation, distribution, and consumption.


kedaulatan pangan

Compound of kedaulatan (“sovereignty”) + pangan (“food”).

(politics) food sovereignty: the right of people to have access to healthy food that is culturally appropriate and produced sustainably


kekebalan diplomatik

Compound of kekebalan (“immunity”) + diplomatik (“diplomatic”).

(international relations) diplomatic immunity


kekuasaan pemerintah

Compound of kekuasaan (“power”) + pemerintah (“government”).

(government) government power: the authority and control that the government has to make decisions and enforce laws


kekuasaan eksekutif

Compound of kekuasaan (“power”) + eksekutif (“executive”).

(government) executive power: the authority to enforce laws, manage government operations, and conduct foreign affairs.


kelas baru

Compound of kelas (“class”) + baru (“new”).

(politics) the privileged ruling class of bureaucrats and party functionaries which arose in these states.


kelas penguasa

Compound of kelas (“class”) + penguasa (“ruler”).

(politics, sociology) ruling class: the social class who set and decide the political and economic agenda of society.


kemauan politik

Compound of kemauan (“will”) + politik (“political”).

(politics) political will: the extent of committed support among key decision makers for a particular policy solution to a particular problem.


kendaraan politik

Compound of kendaraan (“vehicle”) + politik (“political”).

(politics, figurative) a container or organization that can lead someone to occupy a political position


keputusan politik

Compound of keputusan (“decision”) + politik (“political”).

(politics, figurative) government actions or policies


ketahanan ideologi

Compound of ketahanan (“resilience”) + ideologi (“ideology”).

ideological resilience
ideological resilience

(politics) ideological resilience: the ability of an ideology and its supporters to remain unchanged despite any external forces.


ketahanan politik

Compound of ketahanan (“resilience”) + politik (“political”).

(politics) the condition of the nation's political life based on political democracy, Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution


kewenangan prosedural

Compound of kewenangan (“authority; competence”) + prosedural (“procedural”).

(politics) authority obtained through statutory regulations, for example the authority of the police, prosecutors and so on


kewenangan substansial

Compound of kewenangan (“authority; competence”) + substansial (“substantial”).

(politics) authority derived from tradition, sacred power, personal qualities, and instrumental, for example the authority of a king


klik penguasa

Compound of klik (“clique”) + penguasa (“ruler”).

(politics) a group that coordinates and controls decisions beyond the policy area


koalisi gemuk

Compound of koalisi (“coalition”) + gemuk (“fat”).

(politics) a coalition containing many parties.


koalisi ramping

Compound of koalisi (“coalition”) + ramping (“lean, thin”).

(politics) a coalition containing a few parties


kolonialisme dalam negeri

Compound of kolonialisme (“colonialism”) + dalam negeri (“domestic”).

(politics) economic inequality within a country caused by one region taking advantage of another region


komisi antikorupsi

Compound of komisi (“commission”) + antikorupsi (“anti-corruption”).

(politics) a body formed to handle and prevent corruption in government or institutions


komisi etik

Compound of komisi (“commission”) + etik (“ethic”).

(politics) institution responsible for overseeing the implementation of moral and professional rules


komisi konstitusional

Compound of komisi (“commission”) + konstitusional (“constitutional”).

(politics) the commission tasked with creating and revising the constitution


komite intelijen

Compound of komisi (“commission”) + intelijen (“intelligence”).

(politics) committee tasked with overseeing and evaluating the operations and policies of the country's intelligence agencies


konflik horizontal

Compound of konflik (“conflict”) + horizontal (“horizontal”).

(politics) horizontal conflict: a disagreement between two or more organizations at the same level


konflik vertikal

Compound of konflik (“conflict”) + vertikal (“vertical”).

(politics) vertical conflict: conflict occurs between individuals and groups at different levels.


konfrontasi geopolitik

Compound of konfrontasi (“confrontation”) + geopolitik (“geopolitical”).

(politics) confrontation that occurs due to the country's geopolitical policies


konsesi teritorial

Compound of konsesi (“concession”) + teritorial (“territorial”).

territorial concession
territorial concession

(politics) territorial concession: handing over an area to be managed by a particular party, usually for a certain period of time


konsosiasionalisme

(politics) distribution of power to diverse social groups in a democratic system


konstitusi fleksibel

Compound of konstitusi (“constitution”) + fleksibel (“flexible”).

(politics) a constitution that can adapt to developments in the times and can be changed easily


konstitusi rigid

Compound of konstitusi (“constitution”) + rigid (“rigid”).

(politics) a constitution that is difficult to adapt to developments in the era and can only be changed through special or exceptional means such as popular approval in a referendum or a legislative decision with an absolute majority of votes


kontra revolusioner

Compound of kontra (“contra”) + revolusioner (“revolutionary”).

contra revolutionary
contra revolutionary


kontrol sosial

Compound of kontrol (“control”) + sosial (“social”).


kotak suara keliling

Compound of kotak suara (“ballot box”) + keliling (“around”).

(politics) voting services for voters carried out by PPLN by visiting places where voters gather, work, or reside in one area


KSK

kotak suara keliling
kotak suara keliling#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of kotak suara keliling.


KPPS

kelompok penyelenggara pemungutan suara#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of kelompok penyelenggara pemungutan suara.


kelompok penyelenggara pemungutan suara

id-noun

kelompok penyelenggara pemungutan suara (uncountable)

Compound of kelompok (“group”) + penyelenggara (“organizer”) + pemungutan suara (“voting”).


kratokrasi

Borrowed from English kratocracy, from Ancient Greek κρᾰ́τος (krắtos, “strength, might”) + -cracy.

der

(politics) kratocracy: A government established by the forceful or cunning seizure of power and maintained by strength.


penyelenggara

/pəɲələŋˈɡara/


KPPSLN

(politics) Initialism of kelompok penyelenggara pemungutan suara luar negeri.


kunjungan kehormatan

id-noun

kunjungan kehormatan (plural kunjungan-kunjungan kehormatan)

(politics) courtesy call: a usually symbolic formal meeting in which a diplomat or representative of a state pays a visit out of courtesy to a head of state or state office holder.


LADK

(politics) Initialism of laporan awal dana kampanye.


krisis legitimasi

Compound of krisis (“crisis”) + legitimasi (“legitimacy”).

com+

(politics) legitimation crisis: decline in the confidence of administrative functions, institutions, or leadership


pasrah

Setelah itu pelaku mengancam korban pakai pisau sehingga pasrah diperkosa.

After that, the perpetrator threatened the victim with a knife so that she surrendered to being raped.

to surrender, resign oneself; to accept something (usually negative) without resistance


gagal bayar

From gagal (“to fail”) + bayar (“to pay”), literally “failure to pay”.

compound

(finance) default (the condition of failing to pay an obligation)


LPPDK

(politics) Initialism of laporan penerimaan dan pengeluaran dana kampanye (literally “campaign fund receipt and expenditure report”).


LPSDK

(politics) Initialism of laporan penerimaan sumbangan dana kampanye (literally “campaign fund donation receipt report”).


machiavelianisme

(philosophy, politics, psychology) Machiavellianism, Machiavelianism, Machiavellism


mahar politik

Compound of mahar (“dowry”) + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) money given by a person or institution to a political party or coalition of parties in the nomination of people's representatives or government leaders so that a person is nominated in an election, regional election, or legislative election


mahkamah dunia

Compound of mahkamah (“court”) + dunia (“world”).

(international relations) international court: an international organization, or a body of an international organization, that hears cases in which one party may be a state or international organization (or body thereof), and which is composed of independent judges who follow predetermined rules of procedure to issue binding decisions on the basis of international law.


Majelis Perubahan Undang-Undang Dasar

Compound of Majelis (“court”) + Perubahan (“change”) + Undang-Undang Dasar (“constitution”).

(politics) the existing body according to the UUDS 1950 which has the authority to amend the UUDS 1950


majelis tinggi

Compound of majelis (“court”) + tinggi (“high”).


maklumat pemerintah

Compound of maklumat (“announcement”) + pemerintah (“government”).

(politics) announcements issued by the government, for example the announcement dated 14 November 1945 regarding changes in ministerial responsibility, namely no longer to the president, but to the Central Indonesian National Committee Working Body


maklumat presiden

Compound of maklumat (“announcement”) + presiden (“president”).

(politics) announcements issued by the president, for example the proclamation dated June 29 1959 concerning the president's taking back government power from the hands of the cabinetinternational law.


manipulasi suara

Compound of manipulasi (“manipulation”) + suara (“vote”, literally “sound”).

(politics) manipulation carried out during vote counting in general elections


masa tenang

Compound of masa (“period”) + tenang (“calm, composed, still, collected, imperturbable”).

pre-election silence
pre-election silence

(politics) election silence, blackout period, cooling-off, pre-election silence, electoral silence, or campaign silence: a ban on political campaigning or media coverage of a general election, before or during that election.


masalah warga negara

Compound of masalah (“problem”) + warga negara (“citizen”).

(politics) everything that concerns the lives of citizens in their daily lives as citizens


mayoritas tunggal

Compound of mayoritas (“majority”) + tunggal (“single”).

(politics) the number of votes reaching 60%–90%, which can be collected by a party in the voting


menganan

(hydrometrology) changes in wind direction clockwise (e.g. from south to southwest or west) in both hemispheres


milenarianisme

(Christianity) a belief in a coming religious millennium, especially (Christianity) the belief in a coming thousand-year reign of peace heralded by the Second Coming of Christ; utopianism, belief in a coming era of peace and prosperity.

(politics) the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed".


mobilisasi politik

Compound of mobilisasi (“mobilisation”) + politik (“political”).

(politics) mass mobilization to support a particular political party or goal


mobilisasi

Borrowed from Dutch mobilisatie (“mobilisation, mobilisation”).

bor+

mobilisation, mobilisation:
the act of mobilizing.

(military, politics) the marshalling and organizing of troops and national resources in preparation for war, bringing them to a state of readiness for an action.


mobilitas sosial

Compound of mobilitas (“mobility”) + sosial (“social”).

com+

(politics, sociology) social mobility: the movement of individuals, families, households or other categories of people within or between social strata in a society.


monarki elektif

Compound of monarki (“monarch”) + elektif (“elective”).

(politics) elective monarchy: a monarchy ruled by a monarch who is elected.


elektif

Borrowed from Dutch electief (“elective”).


monarki herediter

Compound of monarki (“monarchy”) + herediter (“hereditary”).

com+

(politics) hereditary monarchy: a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a ruling family to another member of the same family.


monarki parlementer

Compound of monarki (“monarchy”) + parlementer (“parliamentary”).

parliamentary monarchy
parliamentary monarchy

(politics) parliamentary monarchy: a political system where a monarch shares power with a constitutionally established government, and the government is responsible to an elected parliament.


monarki tirani

Compound of monarki (“monarchy”) + tirani (“tyranny”).

(politics) tyrannical monarchy: a monarchy where a single ruler has absolute power and authority, and uses that power in a cruel, unjust, or oppressive way.


mosi percaya

Compound of mosi (“motion”) + percaya (“to belief, to trust”).

(politics) confidence motion, vote of confidence.


mosi kepercayaan

Compound of mosi (“motion”) + kepercayaan (“belief; trust”).


multipolaritas

(literally) the condition of being multipolar.

multipolarity
the condition of being multipolar.

(international relations, politics) a system in international relations where there are three or more great powers that hold significant influence.

(neuroscience) the quality or fact of a nerve cell having several dendrites.

(physics) the quality or fact of having several poles.


munas tandingan

Compound of munas + tandingan (“rival”).

(politics) competing national conferences.


musyawarah nasional

id-noun

musyawarah nasional (plural musyawarah-musyawarah nasional)

Compound of musyawarah (“conference”, literally “consultation; deliberation”) + nasional (“national”)


nasionalisme chauvinistik

Compound of nasionalisme (“nationalism”) + *nasionalisme (“chauvinistic”).

chauvinistic nationalism
chauvinistic nationalism

(politics) chauvinistic nationalism: a type of nationalism that involves the belief that one's own country is superior to other countries.


naskah kebijakan

id-noun

naskah kebijakan (plural naskah-naskah kebijakan)

Compound of naskah (“paper”) + kebijakan (“policy”).

com+

(government) policy paper: a document that analyzes issues that require immediate policy action and are often produced for key events or conferences.


negara lindungan

id-noun

negara lindungan (plural negara-negara lindungan)

Compound of negara (“country; state”) + lindungan (“protected”).

com+

(international relations) protectorate: the authority assumed by a state over another state deemed inferior or dependent, whereby the former protects the latter from invasion and shares in the management of its affairs but the protected state retains its nominal sovereignty.

(international relations) vassal state: a state that is subordinate to another; government chiefly directed by the interests of an overlord or patron state.


negara maritim

id-noun

negara maritim (plural negara-negara maritim)

Compound of negara (“state”) + maritim (“maritime”).

com+

(politics) maritime nation: any nation that borders the sea and is dependent on its use for the majority of the following state activities: commerce and transport, war, to define a territorial boundary, or for any maritime activity.


negara pamong praja

Compound of negara (“state”) + pamong praja (“civil servant”).

administrative state
administrative state

(politics) administrative state: the power of some government agencies to create, judge, and enforce their own laws.


negara pascakolonial

id-noun

negara pascakolonial (plural negara-negara pascakolonial)

Compound of negara (“state”) + pascakolonial (“postcolonial”).

com+

(international relations, politics) postcolonial state: the new nation‐states that emerged out of the process of decolonization in the post‐Second World War period.


pascakolonial

→ Malay: pascakolonial

Affixed kolonial (“colonial”) + pasca- (“post-”).


negara pelanggan

id-noun

negara pelanggan (plural negara-negara pelanggan)

Compound of negara (“state”) + pelanggan (“consumer”).

com+

(international relations, politics) client state: a state that is economically, politically or militarily dependent on another, more powerful state.


negara klien

id-noun

negara klien (plural negara-negara klien)

Compound of negara (“state”) + klien (“client”).


negara pengekor

id-noun

negara pengekor (plural negara-negara pengekor)

Compound of negara (“state”) + pengekor (“follower”).


negara penerima

id-noun

negara penerima (plural negara-negara penerima)

Compound of negara (“country”) + penerima (“recipient”).

com+

(international relations) recipient country: a country which by mutual agreement has agreed to accept the opening of a diplomatic or consular representative in its country


negara pengirim

id-noun

negara pengirim (plural negara-negara pengirim)

Compound of negara (“state”) + pengirim (“sender”).

com+

(international relations) sending country: a country that by mutual agreement has decided to open a diplomatic or consular representative office in another country


negara tuan

Compound of negara (“state”) + tuan (“master, lord”).

(international relations) a country that has power over another country that is dependent on that country


negeri upeti

id-noun

negeri upeti (plural negeri-negeri upeti)

Compound of negara (“state”) + upeti (“tribute”).

com+

(international relations) tributary state


neokorporatisme

(politics) neocorporatism, corporatism: capitalist system in which corporations influence the government.


neorealisme

(political science) a theory of international relations based on the idea that power is the most important factor.

(art) a movement in art, literature and (especially in Italy) cinema, shortly after the Second World War, that concentrated on real life.


netralitas bersenjata

Compound of netralitas (“neutrality”) + bersenjata (“armed”).

(international relations, politics) armed neutrality: a position a country takes during war where it chooses to remain neutral but is willing to use military force to protect its neutrality.


netralitas

Learned borrowing from Latin neutralitas (“neutrality”).

lbor

the state or quality of being neutral; the condition of being unengaged in contests between others; state of taking no part on either side.

indifference in quality; a state neither very good nor bad.

(chemistry) the quality or state of being neutral.

neutrality:
the quality or state of being neutral.

(international law) the condition of a nation or government which refrains from taking part, directly or indirectly, in a war between other powers.


netralitas kompetitif

Compound of netralitas (“neutrality”) + kompetitif (“competitive”).

com+

competitive neutrality
competitive neutrality

(business, economics, government) competitive neutrality: the principle that a government business should not have a competitive advantage (or disadvantage) as a result of its government ownership. Competitive neutrality policies aim to promote fair and efficient competition between public and private businesses.


kompetitif

Borrowed from Dutch competitief (“competitive”).


oportunistis

Borrowed from Dutch opportunistisch (“opportunistic”).


ordinansi

Borrowed from Dutch ordinantie, from Old French ordenance (“decree, command”) (modern French ordonnance), from Medieval Latin ordinantia, from ordinans, the present participle of ordino (“put in order”) (whence ordain).

der

(government) ordinance: an edict or decree, authoritative order.


organisasi komite

id-noun

organisasi komite (plural organisasi-organisasi komite)

Compound of organisasi (“organisation”) + komite (“committee”).

com+

(politics) an organization in which each member has the same authority


organisasi militer

id-noun

organisasi militer (plural organisasi-organisasi militer)

Compound of organisasi (“organisation”) + militer (“military”).


otonomisme

(politics) autonomism: a political doctrine which supports acquiring or preserving political autonomy of a nation or a region.


otoritarianisme konstitusional

Compound of otoritarianisme (“authoritarianism”) + konstitusional (“constitutional”).

constitutional authoritarianism
constitutional authoritarianism

(politics) constitutional authoritarianism: a system of government that combines reasonably free and fair elections with a moderate degree of repressive control of expression and limits on personal freedom which uses constitutional law (not the normative concept of constitutionalism) to stabilize governments politically and which misuses and distorts certain constitutional institutions (without giving them full powers).


panwaslu

Acronym of panitia pengawas pemilu (literally “election observer committee”).


pascakebenaran

Affixed kebenaran + pasca-, calque of English post-truth.


PDPB

(politics) Initialism of pemutakhiran data pemilih berkelanjutan (literally “continuous voter data updating”).


pelucutan senjata sepihak

id-noun

pelucutan senjata sepihak (plural pelucutan-pelucutan senjata sepihak)

pelucutan-pelucutan senjata sepihak (plural)

Compound of pelucutan senjata (“disarmament”) + sepihak (“unilateral”).

com+

unilateral disarmament
unilateral disarmament

(international relations) unilateral disarmament: a policy option, to renounce weapons without seeking equivalent concessions from one's actual or potential rivals.


pelucutan senjata

id-noun

pelucutan senjata (plural pelucutan-pelucutan senjata)

Compound of pelucutan (“disarmament”) + senjata (“weapon”).


pembangunan sosial

id-noun

pembangunan sosial (plural pembangunan-pembangunan sosial)

Compound of pembangunan (“development”) + sosial (“social”).

com+

(government) social development: integration of economic and social policies within a dynamic development process in order to achieve social welfare


pembaruan sosial

id-noun

pembaruan sosial (plural pembaruan-pembaruan sosial)

Compound of pembaruan (“renewal”) + sosial (“social”).

com+

(politics) general movement or specific result to eliminate the malfunction of the social system or its parts


pemekaran daerah

id-noun

pemekaran daerah (plural pemekaran-pemekaran daerah)

Compound of pemekaran (“formation”, literally “blossoming”) + daerah (“area”).

com+

(government) the division of a province, district or city into two or more new areas


pemekaran

Affixed mekar (literally “to bloom”) + peng- -an.


pemerhati kebijakan publik

id-noun

pemerhati kebijakan publik (plural pemerhati-pemerhati kebijakan publik)

pemerhati-pemerhati kebijakan publik (plural)

Compound of pemerhati (“observer”) + kebijakan publik (“public policy”).

com+

(government, politics) observer of the formal concept system that forms the basis of general behavior


pemerintahan dunia

id-noun

pemerintahan dunia (plural pemerintahan-pemerintahan dunia)

Compound of pemerintahan (“government”) + dunia (“world”).

com+

(international relations, politics) world government: the concept of a single political authority with jurisdiction over all of Earth and humanity.


kebijakan publik

id-noun

kebijakan publik (plural kebijakan-kebijakan publik)

Compound of kebijakan (“policy”) + publik (“public”).


pemerintahan supranasional

id-noun

pemerintahan supranasional (plural pemerintahan-pemerintahan supranasional)

Compound of pemerintahan (“government”) + supranasional (“supranational”).

com+

supranational government
supranational government

(international relations, politics) supranational government: a government that rules an institution made up of sovereign states


pemerintahan wanita

id-noun

pemerintahan wanita (plural pemerintahan-pemerintahan wanita)

Compound of pemerintahan (“government”) + wanita (“women”).

com+

(politics) a government whose members are all women


pemusatan

concentration: direction of attention to a specific object

centralization:
the act or process of centralizing

(politics) the process by which the activities of an organisation, particularly those regarding planning, decision-making, and framing strategies and policies, become concentrated within a particular group within that organisation


pendapatan daerah

id-noun

pendapatan daerah (plural pendapatan-pendapatan daerah)

Compound of pendapatan (“revenue”) + daerah (“regional”).

com+

(finance, government) regional government revenue


pendekatan sejarah

Compound of pendekatan (“approach”) + sejarah (“history”).

(political science) a way to understand the present and future political phenomena could be understood better with the help of historical factors


pendelegasian kewenangan

id-noun

pendelegasian kewenangan (plural pendelegasian-pendelegasian kewenangan)

Compound of pendelegasian (“delegation”) + kewenangan (“authority”).

com+

(government) delegation of rights, powers and responsibilities to other parties


pengakuan de facto

id-noun

pengakuan de facto (plural pengakuan-pengakuan de facto)

Compound of pengakuan (“recognition”) + de facto (“de facto”).

com+

de facto recognition
de facto recognition

(international relations, politics) de facto recognition: temporary acknowledgment of a state or government based on fact


pengakuan negara

id-noun

pengakuan negara (plural pengakuan-pengakuan negara)

Compound of pengakuan (“recognition”) + negara (“state”).

com+

international relations
international relations

recognition of state
recognition of state

(international relations, politics) recognition of state: acknowledgement as an international political entity by another state


pengakuan pemerintah

id-noun

pengakuan pemerintah (plural pengakuan-pengakuan pemerintah)

Compound of pengakuan (“recognition”) + pemerintah (“government”).

com+

recognition of government
recognition of government

(international relations, politics) recognition of government: acknowledgement a group of people as part of another state's government or recognizing a person or group as the occupants of a governmental office through actions such as official statements, parliamentary resolutions, judicial decisions, Treaty provisions, and declarations by a state organ in parliament or in a press briefing.


penghitungan suara

id-noun

penghitungan suara (plural penghitungan-penghitungan suara)

Compound of penghitungan (“counting”) + suara (“vote”, literally “sound”).

com+

(politics) vote counting: the process of counting votes in an election.


penjelasan nomotetik

id-noun

penjelasan nomotetik (plural penjelasan-penjelasan nomotetik)

Compound of penjelasan (“explanation”) + nomotetik.

com+

(politics) explanation based on general proportions that can be applied


nomotetik

Borrowed from English nomothetic, from Ancient Greek νομοθετικός (nomothetikós).


perekrutan

recruitment: the process or art of finding candidates for a post in an organization, or recruits for the armed forces


pergeseran geopolitik

id-noun

pergeseran geopolitik (plural pergeseran-pergeseran geopolitik)

Compound of pergeseran (“shift”) + geopolitik (“geopolitical”).

com+

(international relations) geopolitical shift: the significant changes in the political and power dynamics among nations


perjuangan kelas

Compound of perjuangan (“struggle; fight”) + kelas (“class”).


perlombaan senjata

id-noun

perlombaan senjata (plural perlombaan-perlombaan senjata)

Compound of perlombaan (“race”) + senjata (“weapon”).


permenko

menteri koordinator
menteri koordinator#Indonesian

(law, government) acronym of peraturan menteri koordinator (“coordinating ministerial regulation”).


perwako

(law, government) acronym of peraturan wali kota (“mayor regulation”).


pidato politik

id-noun

pidato politik (plural pidato-pidato politik)

Compound of pidato (“speech”) + politik (“political”).

com+

(politics) a speech by a political figure or party leader at a political campaign or meeting


penjabat

(government) acting: a position if they are not serving in the position on a permanent basis


pluralisasi

(linguistics) pluralization, pluralisation: the act of making plural.

(politics) the process of expanding diversity and competition in political discourse.


pluralitas agama

Compound of pluralitas (“plurality”) + agama (“religion”).

(politics) the state of being where every individual in a religiously diverse society has the rights, freedoms, and safety to worship, or not, according to their conscience.


pluralisme sosiologis

Compound of pluralisme (“plurality”) + sosiologis (“sociology”).

(politics, sociology) the idea that people of different groups can coexist in a society while maintaining their own traditions and interests


sosiologis

Borrowed from Dutch sociologisch (“sociologic, sociological”).


plutokrasi

Borrowed from Dutch plutocratie (“plutocracy”), from French ploutocratie, from Ancient Greek πλουτοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (ploutokrătĭ́ā).

der

πλουτοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ


polarisasi kelompok

Compound of polarisasi (“polarization”) + kelompok (“group”).

com+

(politics, psychology, sociology) group polarization: the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members.


polarisasi politik

Compound of polarisasi (“polarization, polarisation”) + politik (“politics”).

political polarization
political polarization

political polarisation
political polarisation

(politics) political polarization, political polarisation: the divergence of political attitudes to ideological extremes.


poliarki

Borrowed from Dutch polyarchie (“polyarchy”).


polisentrisme

Internationalism, borrowed from English polycentrism.


politik adu domba

Compound of politik (“politics”) + adu domba (“divide and rule”).

com+

(international relations, politics) divide and rule


berlambat

(uncommon) Alternative form of berlambat-lambat


politik air hangat

Affixed politik (“politics”) + air (“water”) + hangat (“warm”).

com

(politics) warm-water policy: Russian geopolitical pursuit of the possession of ice-free ports


berlambat-lambat

From ber- + lambat with the base word reduplicated.

(intransitive) to slow, slow down (on purpose)

(transitive) to take time, especially when done slowly


politik etis

Compound of politik (“politics”) + etis (“ethic”), calque of Dutch ethische politiek (literally “ethical politic”).

clq

(politics, historical) The Dutch policy of reciprocity towards Indonesia included education, irrigation and transmigration.


politik fiskal

Compound of politik (“politics”) + fiskal (“fiscal”), calque of French politique fiscale.

com+

(politics) fiscal policy: actions or policies of the central and regional governments relating to taxation issues


ketulusan

id-noun

kêtulusan (countable and uncountable, plural ketulusan-ketulusan)

kêtulusan (canonical)
ketulusan-ketulusan (plural)


setulus-tulusnya

From tulus + se- -nya with the base word reduplicated.


lambat-lambatkan

head

lambat-lambatkan (active melambat-lambatkan, passive dilambat-lambatkan)

melambat-lambatkan (active)
dilambat-lambatkan (passive)

From lambat + -kan with the base word reduplicated.


pelambat

pêlambat (canonical)
pelambat-pelambat (plural)


pemerlambat

pêmêrlambat (canonical)
pemerlambat-pemerlambat (plural)


politik identitas

Compound of politik (“politics”) + identitas (“identity”).

com+

(politics) identity politics: politics focusing on the self-interest and perspectives of people in various groupings, such as ethnicity, race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, and gender identity.


politik luar negeri

Compound of politik (“politics”) + luar negeri (“foreign”), calque of Dutch buitenlandse politiek.

(politics) foreign policy, external policy: the set of strategies and actions a state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities.


politik pencitraan

Compound of politik (“politics”) + pencitraan (“image”).

(politics) image policy: a concept that describes how images and visual media can shape public opinion and influence policy.


politik santun

Compound of politik (“politics”) + santun (“polite”).

(politics) political style with a polite and ethical attitude.


politisasi agama

Compound of politisasi (“politicization”) + agama (“religion”).

(politics) efforts to make religion a tool to achieve political goals.


politisi busuk

id-noun

politisi busuk (plural politisi-politisi busuk)

Compound of politisi (“politician”) + busuk (“rotten”).

com+

(politics) politicians who act outside ethical boundaries or are dishonest.


politisi kawakan

id-noun

politisi kawakan (plural politisi-politisi kawakan)

Compound of politisi (“politician”) + kawakan (“experienced, established”).

com+

(politics) a politician who is very experienced in politics


kawakan

Affixed kawak + -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦏꦤ꧀ (kawakan, “past its prime; experienced, veteran”).


kawak

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦏ꧀ (kawak, “old, antiquated”).


politisi konservatif

id-noun

politisi konservatif (plural politisi-politisi konservatif)

Compound of politisi (“politician”) + konservatif (“conservative”).


goena

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of guna.


politisi ulung

id-noun

politisi ulung (plural politisi-politisi ulung)

Compound of politisi (“politician”) + ulung (“experienced”).

com+

(politics) a very skilled and intelligent politician.


bergelandangan

(intransitive) to go without any purpose


polsoskam

(politics) Acronym of politik, sosial, dan keamanan (“politics, social, and security”).


poros koalisi

Compound of poros (“axis, axle”) + koalisi (“coalition”).

(politics) center for relations between political parties for common goals