kafalah

Borrowed from Arabic كَفَالَةٌ (kafālatun).


mudarib

Borrowed from Arabic مُضَارِب (muḍārib).


wakalah

Borrowed from Arabic وَكَالَة (wakāla, “proxy”).


wadiah

Borrowed from Arabic وَدِيعَة (wadīʕa, “deposit”).

(Islamic finance) deposit of funds or assets by a person with an Islamic bank


musyarakah

Borrowed from Arabic مُشَارَكَة (mušāraka, “sharing”).


mukayyad

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مُقَيَّد (muqayyad).


sawi putih

Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis

Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis, a kind of Chinese cabbage; napa; celery cabbage.


pakcoy

From Hakka 白菜 (pha̍k-chhoi, “white vegetable”). Doublet of petsai.

Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis#Translingual

Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, an East Asian leafy vegetable related to the Western cabbage; bok choy.


sawi hijau

A Chinese vegetable, a variety of Brassica rapa parachinensis subspecies, similar to bok choy but slimmer, with smooth green leaves and pale green stems, and clusters of flowers on the tips of the inner shoots; choy sum.


detoks

Short for detoksifikasi (“detoxification”).


sawi pagoda

Brassica rapa subsp. narinosa#Translingual

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual

Brassica rapa subsp. narinosa an Asian variety of Brassica rapa grown for greens, lately popular in North American cuisine; tatsoi.


relaks

From English relax, from Middle English relaxen, from Old French relaxer, from Latin relaxāre (“relax, loosen, open”), from re- (“back”) + laxāre (“loosen”), from laxus (“loose, free”).


pramu-

Back-formation from pramugari, from Javanese ꦥꦿꦩꦸꦒꦫꦶ (pramugari). Equivalent to pra- + *mugara.


pramuacara

master of ceremonies
master of ceremonies


pramurukti

pramu- + Javanese ꦫꦸꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (rukti, “taking care, looking after”).


pramutama

Blend of pramutamu + utama, from pramu- + tamu.


peniru

From Malay peniru. Equivalent to peng- + tiru.


Sri

From Javanese Sri, from Sanskrit श्री (śrī). Doublet of seri and sri.


Tri

From Javanese Tri, ultimately from Sanskrit [Term?].


Wirawan

From Javanese Wirawan, from Sanskrit वीरवन्त् (vīravant, “heroic”). Equals to wira + -wan.


Subroto

From Javanese Subroto, from Sanskrit सुव्रत (suvrata).


siniar

→ Malay: siniar

Affixed siar (“broadcast”) + -in- (“unproductive noun-forming infix”). Coined by Indonesian engineer Ivan Lanin in May 2011.


ilmu tauhid

From Malay ilmu tauhid,
from Classical Malay ilmu tawhid, from Arabic علم التوحيد. Equivalent to ilmu + tauhid.

der

Arabic علم التوحيد


ilmu nahu

From Malay ilmu nahu,
from Classical Malay ilmu nahu, from Arabic ﻋﻠﻢ النحو. Equivalent to ilmu + nahu.

Arabic ﻋﻠﻢ النحو


ilmu saraf

Compound of ilmu + saraf, from Malay ilmu saraf, from Classical Malay ilmu saraf, from Arabic عِلْم الصَّرْف (ʕilm aṣ-ṣarf).

عِلْم الصَّرْف

Arabic عِلْم الصَّرْف (ʕilm aṣ-ṣarf)

(linguistics) morphology: the study of the internal structure of morphemes (words and their semantic building blocks).


ilmu saraf

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + saraf (“nerve”), calque from Japanese 神経学(しんけいがく) (shinkeigaku, “neurology”, literally “nerve science”).

ja-r

neurology: the branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of nervous system including the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system and the nerves, muscles, and neuromuscular junction of the peripheral nervous system.


ilmu saraf

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + saraf (“nerve”), calque of English neuroscience.

neuroscience: the scientific study of the nervous system.


ilmu syariat

From Malay ilmu syariat,
from Classical Malay ilmu syari`at, from Arabic عِلْم الشَرِيعَة (ʕilm aš-šarīʕa). Equivalent to ilmu + syariat.

der

عِلْم الشَرِيعَة


ilmu hakikat

From Malay ilmu hakikat,
from Classical Malay ilmu hakikat, from Arabic عِلْم الحَقِيقَة (ʕilm al-ḥaqīqa). Equivalent to ilmu + hakikat.

عِلْم الحَقِيقَة


ilmu hadis

From Malay ilmu hadis,
from Classical Malay ilmu hadis, from Arabic عِلْم الْحَدِيث (ʕilm al-ḥadīṯ). Equivalent to ilmu + hadis.

عِلْم الْحَدِيث

Arabic عِلْم الْحَدِيث (ʕilm al-ḥadīṯ)


ilmu tafsir

From Malay ilmu tafsir,
from Classical Malay ilmu tafsir, from Arabic عِلْم التَّفْسِير (ʕilm at-tafsīr). Equivalent to ilmu + tafsir.

عِلْم التَّفْسِير


ilmu suluk

From Malay ilmu suluk,
from Classical Malay ilmu suluk, from Arabic عِلْم السُلُوك (ʕilm as-sulūk). Equivalent to ilmu + suluk.

عِلْم السُلُوك


ilmu fikih

From Malay ilmu fikih,
from Classical Malay ilmu fikih, ilmu fiqh, from Arabic عِلْم الْفِقْهِ (ʕilm al-fiqhi). Equivalent to ilmu + fikih.

عِلْم الْفِقْهِ

Di pesantren kami, kami belajar ilmu fikih.

In our Islamic boarding school, we study fiqh.


ilmu mantik

From Malay ilmu mantik,
from Classical Malay ilmu mantik, from Arabic عِلْم الْمَنْطِق (ʕilm al-manṭiq, “science of logic”). Equivalent to ilmu + mantik.

عِلْم الْمَنْطِق

logic: the study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.


ilmu kimia

From Malay ilmu kimia,
from Classical Malay ilmu kimia, possibly from Arabic عِلْم الْكِيمياء. Equivalent to ilmu + kimia.

عِلْم الْكِيمياء

Arabic عِلْم الْكِيمياء


dilarang parkir

no parking on a traffic sign, indicates that parking is not allowed within the area of influence of the sign.


saya butuh pemandu

Indicates that the speaker needs a person to guide him or her; I need a guide.


S.Ag.

(historical) Abbreviation of Sarjana Agama.


S.I.P.

Abbreviation of Sarjana Ilmu Pemerintahan.

(historical) Abbreviation of Sarjana ilmu Politik.

(historical) Abbreviation of Sarjana Ilmu Perpustakaan.


FIPA

(historical) Initialism of Fakultas Ilmu Pasti dan Alam.


FMIPA

Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
ilmu pengetahuan alam#Indonesian

Abbreviation of Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam.


MIPA

Acronym of Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (“mathematics and natural science”).


kartu kredit

id-noun

kartu krédit (plural kartu-kartu kredit)

kartu krédit (canonical)
kartu-kartu kredit (plural)

From kartu (“card”) + kredit (“credit”). Calque of English credit card.


penyakit gula

penyakit gula (plural penyakit-penyakit gula)

Compound of penyakit (“disease”) + gula (“sugar”), calque of Dutch suikerziekte (“diabetes”, literally “sugar disease”).

calque

Penyakit gula juga bisa memengaruhi kondisi kulit.


pranikah

From pra- (“pre-”) + nikah (“marriage”).
Calque of English premarriage.

sindrom pranikah

seks pranikah

perjanjian pranikah


prapernikahan

From pra- (“pre”) + pernikahan (“wedding”), calque of English prewedding.

foto prapernikahan


pemegang

From pem + pegang. The sense “a person who possesses something” is a semantic loan from English holder.

A person who (temporarily or permanently) possesses something.


ayam negeri

Compound of ayam (“chicken”) + negeri (“state, nation”). The negeri (“state”) refer to national government support on the introduction of broiler during 1961-1970.

com

broiler: a chicken suitable for broiling.


matematikawan

id-noun

matematikawan (plural matematikawan-matematikawan or para matematikawan)

matematikawan-matematikawan (plural)
para matematikawan (plural)


mencuit

From Malay mencuit.
Equivalent to meng- + cuit.


mencuit

(Internet) To post an update to Twitter; to tweet.


gedung

From Malay gedung, from Classical Malay gedung (“building”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuŋ (“unpartitioned building”). Doublet of gedong.

der

building: a closed structure with walls and a roof.


saksi mata

Compound of saksi + mata, from calque of Dutch ooggetuige.


putusan

(law) sentence, verdict, the decision or judgement of a court.


hukum adat

Compound of hukum (“law”) + adat (“custom”), calque of Dutch gewoonterecht (“customary law”) and Dutch adatrecht (literally “adat law”). The term adatrecht was systematically used for the first time by Christiaan Hurgronje, Dutch colonial advisor on Islamic policy, and subsequently by Van Vollenhoven, Dutch legal scholar.

clq

(law) customary law: a set of customs, practices and beliefs that are accepted as obligatory rules of conduct by indigenous peoples and local communities.


perpaduan

pêrpaduan (canonical)
perpaduan-perpaduan (plural)

Affixed padu + per- -an, inherited from Malay perpaduan.


sidang

public: the people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group.

(law) short for persidangan (“trial: appearance at judicial court in order to be examined”)..


perjuangan

pêrjuangan (canonical)
perjuangan-perjuangan (plural)

a contortion of the body in an attempt to escape or to perform a difficult task

(figurative) strife, contention, great effort

struggle
strife, contention, great effort

fight (a conflict, possibly nonphysical, with opposing ideas or forces; strife)


pejuang

a person who is actively engaged in battle, conflict or warfare; a soldier or combatant

(figuratively) a person who is aggressively, courageously, or energetically involved in an activity, such as athletics


terkini

Affixed ter- + kini, from Malay terkini.


edisi

→ Betawi: edisi

→ Malay: edisi

From Dutch editie, from Middle French édition, from Latin ēditiō, from ēdō + -tiō.

A written work edited and published, as by a certain editor or in a certain manner, or at a certain time.

The whole number of copies of a work printed and published at one time.


tekad

From Malay tekad, clipping of Arabic اِعْتِقَاد (iʕtiqād). Doublet of nekat and iktikad.


takrif

From Malay takrif, from Arabic تَعْرِيف (taʕrīf). Doublet of tarif.


kubur

From Malay kubur, from Arabic قُبُور (qubūr).

grave (excavation in the earth as a place of burial)


karier

From Dutch carrière, from French carrière (a road or racecourse), from Italian carriera, from Old Occitan carreira, from Late Latin carrāria based on Latin carrus 'wheeled vehicle'.

career, one's calling in life; a person's occupation; one's profession.


karier

(medicine) carrier: a person or other organism that has a genetic trait, mutation or infection liable to cause a disease, but displays no symptoms.


konkrit

From Dutch concreet, from Latin concrētus.

Nonstandard form of konkret (“concrete, real, actual, tangible”).

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


konspirasi

From Dutch conspiratie (“conspiracy”), from French conspiration, from Latin cōnspīrātiō, cōnspīrātiōnem.


detektif

From Malay detektif, from English detective.

(law enforcement) a police officer who looks for evidence as part of solving a crime; an investigator.

a person employed to find information not otherwise available to the public.


rahib

From Malay rahib, from Arabic رَاهِب (rāhib).


mizan

From Malay mizan, from Arabic مِيزَان (mīzān).


jajahan

Affixed jajah + -an, from Malay jajahan. Cognate of Javanese ꦗꦗꦲꦤ꧀ (jajahan, “colony”), Old Javanese jajahan (“dependency”).


kelab

An establishment that provides staged entertainment; club

(colloquial) Clipping of kelab malam (“nightclub”).


penyamaran

From Malay penyamaran. Equivalent to samar + peng- -an.


penggalian

From Malay penggalian. Equivalent to gali + peng- -an.

A site where an excavation is being carried out.


jeritan

a loud, emphatic, exclamation of extreme emotion, especially horror, fear, excitement, or anger; it may comprise a word or a sustained, high-pitched vowel sound

a loud vocalisation of many animals, especially in response to pain or fear


fasisme

Affixed fasis + -isme, borrowed from Dutch fascisme, from Italian fascismo.


perasaan

Affixed rasa + per- -an, from Malay perasaan.


dilarang

Affixed di- + larang, from Malay dilarang.


merokok

Dia mau merokok lima cerutu.


kasturi

Inherited from Malay kasturi, from Sanskrit कस्तूरी (kastūrī, “musk”). Doublet of kesturi and seturi.

Abelmoschus moschatus
Abelmoschus moschatus#Translingual

abelmosk, annual hibiscus, musk mallow (Abelmoschus moschatus)

a mango of species Mangifera casturi, from South Kalimantan

a back-scratcher ginger, or torch ginger, of species Tapeinochilos ananassae, a type of flower from Maluku and New Guinea.


pendengar

someone who listens, especially to a speech or a broadcast

a student who participates in listening to lessons, but is not registered as a regular student


kelajuan

kêlajuan (canonical)
kelajuan-kelajuan (plural)

Affixed laju + ke- -an, from Malay kelajuan.

(chiefly mechanics) speed: the rate of motion or action, specifically the magnitude of the velocity; the rate distance is traversed in a given time.


kecepatan

kêcêpatan (canonical)
kecepatan-kecepatan (plural)

Affixed cepat + ke- -an, from Malay kecepatan.
* The sense of too fast is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦕꦼꦥꦼꦠꦤ꧀ (kacepetan).

sl

the state of moving quickly or the capacity for rapid motion.

(common, proscribed in scientific usage) the rate of motion or action, specifically the magnitude of the velocity; the rate distance is traversed in a given time.

(Standard Malay)

(mechanics) velocity: a vector quantity that denotes the rate of change of position with respect to time, combining speed with a directional component.


limpah

to spill out because it is too much or full


kedatangan

Affixed datang + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kedatangan.


kedatangan

Dia kedatangan tamu kemarin.

1993, Ayub, Muhardi, Usman, Yasin, Tata Bahasa Minangkabau, page 97:

He [unexpectedly] received guests yesterday.

+obj

(transitive, adversative) to receive unexpected or unwelcome visit [with direct object ‘by something/someone’]


keseimbangan

Affixed seimbang + ke- -an, inherited from Malay keseimbangan.


kebakaran

From Malay kebakaran, from Classical Malay kebakaran. Equivalent to bakar + ke- -an.


keberanian

From Malay keberanian. Equivalent to berani + ke- -an.


kekecewaan

kê‧kê‧cè‧wa‧an


ketuhanan

kêtuhanan (canonical)
ketuhanan-ketuhanan (plural)

Affixed tuhan + ke- -an, from Malay ketuhanan.

The state, position, or fact of being a god or God.

divinity:
The study of religion or religions.


ketahanan

kêtahanan (canonical)
ketahanan-ketahanan (plural)

Affixed tahan + ke- -an, from Malay ketahanan.


kegagalan

kêgagalan (canonical)
kegagalan-kegagalan (plural)

Affixed gagal + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kegagalan (“failure”).


keadilan

kêadilan (canonical)
keadilan-keadilan (plural)

Affixed adil + ke- -an, from Malay keadilan.


kucai

From Malay kucai, from Hokkien 韭菜 (kú-chhài).


kucai

kucai (root)
mengucai (active)
terkucai (active involuntary)
dikucai (active involuntary passive)
kucai (active)
kucailah (active)
mengucaii (active locative)
terkucaii (involuntary locative)
dikucaii (involuntary locative passive)
kucaii (locative)
kucaiilah (locative)
mengucaikan (active applicative causative)
terkucaikan (applicative causative)
dikucaikan (applicative causative passive)
kucaikan (applicative causative)
kucaikanlah (applicative causative)
memperkucai (active causative)
terperkucai (active causative involuntary)
diperkucai (active causative involuntary passive)
perkucai (active causative)
perkucailah (active causative)
memperkucaii (active causative locative)
terperkucaii (causative involuntary locative)
diperkucaii (causative involuntary locative passive)
perkucaii (causative locative)
perkucaiilah (causative locative)
memperkucaikan (active applicative causative)
terperkucaikan (applicative causative)
diperkucaikan (applicative causative passive)
perkucaikan (applicative causative)
perkucaikanlah (applicative causative)

From Minangkabau [Term?]. Doublet of kucil.


makmal

From Malay makmal, from Arabic مَعْمَل (maʕmal).


setop

From Dutch stop, Middle Dutch stoppe, from Middle Dutch stoppen, from Old Dutch *stoppon, from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn. Doublet of stop.


komponen

From Dutch component, from Latin compōnēns, present participle of compōnō (“assemble, put together”).

component: a smaller, self-contained part of a larger entity. Often refers to a manufactured object that is part of a larger device.


implikasi

From Dutch implicatie, from French implication, from Latin implicātiō.

implication,
the state of being implicated.

an implying, or that which is implied, but not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be understood, though not expressed in words.


negatif

From Dutch negatief, from Middle French [Term?] (Modern French négatif), from Old French negatif, from Latin negativus (“that denies, negative”), from negare (“to deny”); see negate.

der

negative,
damaging; undesirable; unfavourable.


negatif

negative, an image in which dark areas represent light ones, and the converse.

negative, the negative plate of a voltaic or electrolytic cell.


abantara

From Malay abantara (“herald”), from Classical Malay ابنتارا (abantara).


hancur

hancur (root)
hancur (active)
hancurlah (active)
menghancurkan (active applicative causative locative)
dihancurkan (applicative causative locative passive)
hancurkan (applicative causative locative)
hancurkanlah (applicative causative locative)


plasenta

From Dutch placenta, from New Latin placenta (“a vascular and endocrine organ”), from Latin placenta (“flat cake”), because of the flat round shape of the afterbirth, from Ancient Greek πλακόεντα (plakóenta), πλακοῦντα (plakoûnta), accusative of πλακόεις (plakóeis), πλακοῦς (plakoûs, “flat cake”), from πλάξ (pláx, “flat”).

a vascular organ in mammals, except monotremes and marsupials, present only in the female during gestation. It supplies food and oxygen from the mother to the foetus, and passes back waste. It is implanted in the wall of the uterus and links to the foetus through the umbilical cord. It is expelled after birth.

it is an endocrine gland which secret human chorionic gonadotropin hormone.The HCG if detected in woman's urine then the pregnancy is confirmed.


mesra

From Malay mesra, from Sanskrit मिश्र (miśra, “mingled”).


niscaya

From Malay niscaya, from Classical Malay نسچاي (“niscaya”), from Sanskrit निश्चय (niścaya).


pradana

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रधान (pradhāna). Doublet of perdana.

lbor

(scouting) gang leader, leader of a number going in company; a number of friends or persons associated for a particular purpose.


senja

From Prakrit 𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (saṃjhā, “evening”), from Sanskrit संध्या (saṃdhyā, “evening, twilight”).


wisata

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese wiśāta (“walking”), from Sanskrit विश् (viś, “people”) + आट (āṭa, “going, wandering”).


yogia

Inherited from Malay yogia, from Classical Malay يوڬيا (yogia), from Javanese ꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾ (yogya), from Old Javanese yogya, from Sanskrit योग्य (yogya, “fit, proper”).


seraya

Inherited from Malay seraya, from Classical Malay seraya, from Javanese ꦱꦿꦪ (sraya), from Old Javanese āśraya, from Sanskrit आश्रय (āśraya, “protection, shelter”). Doublet of serayo.
* Semantic loan from Minangkabau serayo.


perwira tinggi

id-noun

perwira tinggi (plural perwira-perwira tinggi)

From perwira (“officer”) + tinggi (“high”).

(military, law enforcement) high-ranking officer.


bendara

bêndara (canonical)
bendara-bendara (plural)

From Javanese ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦫ (bendara), from Prakrit bhaṁḍāra, bhaṁḍāāra, bhaṁḍāgāra, from Sanskrit भाण्डागार (bhāṇḍāgāra, “treasury”). Doublet of bendahara, bendahari, bendara, bendari, bendoro, and bentara.

doublet

(archaic) treasurer, the government official in charge of the treasury.

(archaic) steward, a person who manages the property or affairs for another entity, particularly (historical) the chief administrator of a medieval manor.

(dialect, Java) a Javanese royal and nobility title, see Gelar kebangsawanan Jawa.


keluarga kerajaan

id-noun

kêluarga kêrajaan (plural keluarga-keluarga kerajaan)

kêluarga kêrajaan (canonical)
keluarga-keluarga kerajaan (plural)

keluarga (“family”) + kerajaan (“kingdom”).

compound

Salah satu diagram silsilah yang terkenal adalah keluarga kerajaan Eropa yang membawa hemofilia.

One of famous pedigree is European royal families pedigree which carries haemofilia.

royal family, the family of the ruling sovereign of a country or state.


petaka

pêtaka (canonical)
petaka-petaka (plural)

From Malay petaka, from Classical Malay petaka (“misfortune”), from Sanskrit पातक (pātaka, “crime, loss of caste”).


sayembara

sayêmbara (canonical)
sayembara-sayembara (plural)

From Malay sayembara, from Sanskrit स्वयंवर (svayaṃvara, “self-choice [of husband by nobility daughter]”). Cognate of Old Javanese swayambara, Javanese sayembara (ꦱꦪꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦫ).

self-choice 􂀿of husband by nobility daughter􂁀


gelana

From Sanskrit ग्लान (glāna, “languid, sick”). Doublet of gulana.


prevalensi

prévalènsi (canonical)
prevalensi-prevalensi (plural)

Internationalism, from Dutch prevalentie, from Middle French prévalence.

the quality or condition of being prevalent; wide extension or spread.

Prevalensi penyakit akan tinggi pada puncak epidemi.

Prevalence will be high on the peak of epidemic.

(medicine) the total number of cases of a disease in a given statistical population at a given time, divided by the number of individuals in that population.


autentik

From Dutch authentiek, from Middle Dutch autentijc, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French [Term?], from Latin authenticus, from Ancient Greek αὐθεντικός (authentikós).

authentic:
genuine: of the same origin as claimed.

conforming to reality and therefore worthy of trust, reliance, or belief.


tangga berjalan

id-noun

tangga berjalan (plural tangga-tangga berjalan)

Compound of tangga (“stair”) + berjalan (“walking”). Compare to Cantonese 行人電梯 /行人电梯 (hang⁴ jan⁴ din⁶ tai¹, “escalator”, literally “pedestrian electric ladder”), Italian scala mobile.

ncog

Banyak stasiun yang hanya mempunyai tangga berjalan.

escalator, a motor-driven mechanical device consisting of a continuous loop of steps that automatically conveys people from one floor to another.


legitimasi

From Dutch legitimatie, from French légitimation.

legitimacy, the quality of being legitimate or valid; validity.

legitimation, the act of establishing something as lawful; authorization.


dini hari

From earlier dina hari, from Javanese dina (“day”) + hari (“day”). Reanalyzed as dini (“early”) + hari (“day”).


belalai

From Malay belalai, from Classical Malay belalai.


kemampuan

kêmampuan (canonical)
kemampuan-kemampuan (plural)


jentik-jentik

jêntik-jêntik (canonical)
jentik-jentik (plural)


lingkungan

Affixed lingkung + -an, inherited from Malay lingkungan, from Classical Malay lingkungan (“area”).
* The sense “environment” is a semantic loan from Dutch omgeving.
* The sense “circle, group” is a semantic loan from Dutch kring. Compare to loanword as Indonesian kring (“subdivision of a parish”).

cog

the surroundings of, and influences on, a particular item of interest.

environment,
the natural world or ecosystem.

all the elements that affect a system or its inputs and outputs.

(computing) the software and/or hardware existing on any particular computer system.

(Standard Malay)

lingkungan tetangga
lingkungan tetangga#Indonesian

(sociology) short for lingkungan tetangga (“neighbourhood”).


ketinggalan

Ketinggalannya boleh dibayar bulan depan.

leftover: Something left behind; an excess or remainder.


ketinggalan

Infrastuktur ketinggalan.

(intransitive) to be underdeveloped, to lag behind

Tas saya ketinggalan di rumah.

(intransitive) to be left behind, forgotten, unpurposefully remained by the owner

Saya ketinggalan tas saya di rumah.

Saya ketinggalan bis.


kendaraan

Affixed kendara + -an, from Malay kenderaan, kendaraan, from Classical Malay کندراٴن (kandaraan), کندراٴن (kendaraan), کندراٴن (kenderaan).

Kita harus memakai kendaraan untuk menempuh jarak sejauh itu.

We have to use a vehicle to cover such distance.


pajak

desc

→ Balinese: ᬧᬚᭂᬕ᭄ (pajeg, “tax”) (semantic loan)

→ Min Nan: 吧灼 (pā-chiak)

From Malay pajak (“rent”), from Old Javanese pajĕg (“arrangement”). Cognate of Javanese ꦥꦗꦼꦒ꧀ (pajeg, “tax”).
* The sense of tax is a semantic loan from Dutch belasting (“tax”). Replaced by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

sl

(Medan) market, (esp. a traditional one)


meninggali

From Malay meninggali, from Classical Malay meninggali. Equivalent to
tinggal + meng- -i.

to leave behind something to or for; to give inheritance


belanjaan

groceries (the commodities sold by a grocer or in a grocery store)


peradaban

pêradaban (canonical)
peradaban-peradaban (plural)

Affixed adab + per- -an. Attested before 1922.


kangsa

From Sanskrit कंस (kaṃsa). Doublet of gangsa.


dongeng

dongéng (canonical)
dongeng-dongeng (plural)


gundik

From Tamil கொண்டி (koṇṭi, “prostitute, concubine”).

der

concubine, a woman who lives with a man, but who is not a wife.

mistress, the other woman in an extramarital relationship, generally including sexual relations.


kelahi

From Malay kelahi, from Sanskrit कलह (kalaha).

a physical confrontation or combat between two or more people or groups.

a conflict, possibly nonphysical, with opposing ideas or forces; strife.


sandiwara

From Old Javanese sandhi (“deep, subtle”) + wara/warah (“to say”), reanalyzed as sandi + wara. Coined by Indonesian politician Mangkunegara VII to translate Dutch toneel.


tonil

From Dutch toneel, from Middle Dutch tineel, from Old French tinel, further origin uncertain.

(obsolete) theater, theatre, drama or performance as a profession or art form.


konsil

From English council, from Anglo-Norman cuncile, from Old French concile, from Latin concilium. Doublet of konsili.

Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia


sinode

From Dutch synode, from French synode, from Ancient Greek σύνοδος (súnodos, “assembly, meeting”), from σύν (sún, “with”) + ὁδός (hodós, “way, path”).

der

(Christianity) synod, an ecclesiastic council or meeting to consult on church matters.


penakut

From Malay penakut, from Classical Malay penakut. Equivalent to peng- + takut. Compare Tagalog panakot.


wira-wiri

From Javanese [Term?], from Old Javanese awara-wiri.


maskapai penerbangan

id-noun

maskapai penerbangan (plural maskapai-maskapai penerbangan)

Compound of maskapai + penerbangan, partial calque of Dutch luchtvaartmaatschappij.


mayit

From Malay mayit, mait, from Classical Malay mayit, mait, from Arabic مَيِّت (mayyit). Doublet of mayat.


lawan

From Malay lawan, from Classical Malay lawan, from Proto-Malayic *laban.


arwah

From Malay arwah, from Classical Malay ارواح (arwah), from Arabic أَرْوَاح (ʔarwāḥ), plural of رُوح (rūḥ). Doublet of roh.

der

Arabic أَرْوَاح (ʔarwāḥ)


badan hukum

Compound of badan (“body”) + hukum (“law”), calque of Dutch rechtspersoon (literally “law person”).


spesialis

From Dutch specialist, from French spécialiste.

dokter spesialis
dokter spesialis#Indonesian

(medicine, healthcare) ellipsis of dokter spesialis (“specialist”).: a physician whose practice is limited to a particular branch of medicine or surgery.


deklarasi

dèklarasi (canonical)
deklarasi-deklarasi (plural)

From Dutch declaratie, from Middle French [Term?] (French déclaration), from Old French declaration, from Latin declaratio, declarationem.

a written or oral indication of a fact, opinion, or belief.

a list of items for various legal purposes, e.g. customs declaration.


beristri

From Malay beristri, beristeri, from Classical Malay beristri, beristeri. Equivalent to ber- + istri (“wife”).

(intransitive) to be married (masculine)


kaidah hukum

id-noun

kaidah hukum (plural kaidah-kaidah hukum)

From kaidah (“rule”) + hukum (“law”). Calque of Dutch rechtsnormen (literally “law norm”).


kenyataan hukum

Compound of kenyataan (“reality”) + hukum (“law”), calque of Dutch rechtelijke werkelijkheid.


peluk

head

peluk (reciprocal berpelukan, active memeluk, passive dipeluk, accidental terpeluk)

berpelukan (reciprocal)
memeluk (active)
dipeluk (passive)

Inherited from Malay peluk, from Proto-Malayic *pəluk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pəluk (“bend, curve”).


kedudukan hukum

From kedudukan (“position”) + hukum (“legal”). Calque of English legal standing.


berlaku surut

Compound of berlaku (“to apply”) + surut (“recede”), calque of Dutch terugwerkende (“retroactive”, literally “back + to be effective”).


batal demi hukum

batal (“cancel”) + demi + hukum (“law”), literally “cancel by law”. Calque of Dutch nietigheid van rechtswege.


surat kuasa

Compound of surat (“letter”) + kuasa (“power”), calque of Dutch volmacht brief.

(law) A legal document allowing one person to act as the agent of another; power of attorney.


bajing loncat

From bajing (“squirrel”) + loncat (“jump”), literally “jumping squirrel”.

compound

(figurative) A thief who steals items from cargo bed of a running vehicle (usually a pickup truck) on transport, begin with tailgate the vehicle using motorcycle, then the actor will jump to the vehicle to do action while accomplice still driving motorcycle


alkitabiah

From Arabic اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﯿﺔ. Equivalent to alkitab + -i.

bor

Arabic اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﯿﺔ


katena

From English catena, from Medieval Latin catena, from Latin catēna (“chain”).

(geology) catena: a series of distinct soils arrayed along a slope.


mengakak

Affixed meng- + kakak. Doublet of kakah.


teh es

(North Sumatra, West Kalimantan) Synonym of es teh.

North Sumatra; West Kalimantan; North Sumatra; West Kalimantan


acintia

From Sanskrit अचिन्त्य (acintya, “incomprehensible”).

der

(Hinduism) mystic, incomprehensible, unimaginable


aktual

From English actual, from Middle English actual, actuel (“active”), from Anglo-Norman actuel, actual, and its source Late Latin actuālis (“active, practical”), from Latin actus (“act, action, performance”), from agere (“to do; to act”) + -alis (“-al”). Displacing aktuil, a Dutch loanword. Doublet of aktuil.

actual, existing in reality, not just potentially; really acted or acting; occurring in fact.

current, in action at the time being; now existing.


aktuil

From Dutch actueel, from Middle French actuel, from Latin actuālis. Doublet of aktual.


aktualitas

aktual + -itas. Influenced by English actuality, Dutch actualiteit, and French actualité.

(film) actuality, live reporting on current affairs.


keaktualan

actuality, the quality of being actual or factual; fact.


gendis

gêndis (canonical)
gendis-gendis (plural)

Inherited from Malay gendis, from Javanese ꦒꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦱ꧀ (gendhis), from Old Javanese gĕṇḍis (“sugar”).


gardu induk

Compound of gardu (“post, station”) + induk (“central”, literally “main”), calque from Japanese 一次変電所(いじへンでんしょ) (ijihendensho, “primary substation”). Compare Dutch energiecentrale (“power station”, literally “energy centre”) and Dutch onderstation (“substation”).

cog

(electricity) substation, specifically transmission substation.


koefisien

koèfisièn (canonical)
koefisien-koefisien (plural)

From Dutch coëfficiënt, from French coefficient, coined by French mathematician François Viète.


jampi

From Malay jampi, from Sanskrit जप (japa, “muttering prayer”). Equivalent to *japa + -em-.

spell (a formula supposed to have magical powers)


kontaminasi

From Dutch contaminatie, from Latin contāminātiō.

contamination:
the act or process of contaminating.

(linguistics) the influence of one form (often from a foreign language) on the historical development of another form to which it may be related in meaning.


kuesioner

From Dutch questionnaire, from French questionnaire, from Late Latin quaestionarius, from quaestio (English question) + -arius, from quaerō (“I question”).


nomor

From Malay nomor, from Dutch nummer, from Middle Dutch nommer, from Old French nombre. Modern standard spelling influenced by Malay nombor.

an abstract entity used to describe quantity.

indicating the position of something in a list or sequence.


pusing

From Malay pusing, from Proto-Malayic *pusiŋ.


pusing

headachy: suffering from a headache (pain or ache in the head).

dizzy: having a sensation of whirling and of being giddy, unbalanced, or lightheaded.

(figurative) blank: devoid of thoughts, memory, or inspiration.


sistim

From Dutch systeem, from Late Latin systēma, from Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “organised whole, body”).


sistematis

From Dutch systematisch, from German systematisch.

carried out using a planned, ordered procedure.

systematic,
methodical, regular and orderly.


registrasi

régistrasi (canonical)
registrasi-registrasi (plural)

registration, the act of signing up or registering for something.


griya

From Javanese ꦒꦿꦶꦪ (griya, “house, home”), from Old Javanese griya, gṛha (“house, home, habitation, abode”), from Sanskrit गृह (gṛha, “house”).


kapasitas

Learned borrowing from Latin capācitās. Displaced earlier Dutch loanwords of kapasitit, kapasitet and kapasiteit of capaciteit.

capacity:
The ability to hold, receive or absorb.

capacity:
Volume; a measure of such ability.

The maximum amount that can be held; the maximum that can be produced.

(electricity, electronics) Electrical capacitance.


formularium

From Dutch formularium, from Latin formularium (“form (collection)”), itself from formula (diminutive of forma (“form, shape”)) + -arium (“-ary”). Doublet of formulir.

a pharmacopoeia or list of available drugs, particularly prescription drugs.

a list of drugs, created by health insurers, hospitals, or prescription drug plans, that defines how costs for any drug are shared between patient and health care provider, typically broken down by tiers such as preferred generics with lowest copay, or preferred brand with higher copay, or non-preferred brand and not covered tiers with the highest cost to the patient.


meski

From Malay meski, from Portuguese por mais que. Compare Macanese masqui, Tagalog maski, Spanish por más que.


pembukaan

Affixation of buka + peng- -an.
* For obstetrical sense of cervical dilatation, semantic loan from Dutch ontsluiting.

(literally) An act or instance of making or becoming open.

(chess) The first few moves in a game of chess.

opening,
The first few moves in a game of chess.

The opening sequence of any event; kick-off.

unveiling,
The act of unveiling or uncovering.

A ceremony for the first public showing of something.

The act of revealing something; disclosure.

A short preliminary statement or remark, especially an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute; preamble.

The first in a series of events, items etc; the first remark or sentence of a conversation; opener.

(obstetrics) cervical dilation: the opening of the cervix, the entrance to the uterus, during childbirth.


sepah

minivet (any of about 13 species of passerine birds in the genus Pericrocotus of the cuckooshrike family of southern and eastern Asia)


fondasi

From English foundation, from Latin fundātiō.

foundation: The lowest and supporting part or member of a wall, including the base course and footing courses; in a frame house, the whole substructure of masonry.


musala

From Malay musala, from Arabic مُصَلًّى (muṣallan), from صَلَّى (ṣallā, “to pray”).

(Islam) musalla: A place for praying (e.g. outside a mosque); a praying room.


sajadah

From Malay sejadah, from Arabic سَجَّادَة (sajjāda).


deodoran

Perhaps from English deodorant, from Latin de- + odorans, present participle of odorare (“to smell”), from odor (“a smell”).

deodorant (any agent acting to eliminate, reduce, mask, or control odor)

deodorant (an odor-controlling cosmetic for the underarm)


desain grafis

id-noun

desain grafis (plural desain-desain grafis)

Compound of desain + grafis, calque of English graphic design.


grafis

graphical:
of, related to, or shown on a graph.

written or engraved; formed of letters or lines.


keping biru

Compound of keping (“chip”) + biru (“blue”), calque of English blue chip.

(economics) blue chip: A stock or other investment that has a high price because of its perceived reliability.


sempak

From Dutch zwempak (“swimsuit”) with meaning shift from "swimsuit" to "underwear".


aparatus

Learned borrowing from Latin apparātus. Doublet of aparat.


masa bodoh

From Malay masa bodoh, masa bodo. Equivalent to masa + bodoh.

(idiomatic) careless, indifferent, apathetic


masa bodoh

(idiomatic, slang) I don't care; whatever


masa bodo

(idiomatic, slang) Alternative spelling of masa bodoh.


bodo amat

(idiomatic, slang) careless, indifferent, apathetic


persembahan

Affixed sembah + per- -an, inherited from Malay persembahan.

offering:
The act by which something is offered.

That which has been offered; a sacrifice.

An oblation or presentation made as a religious act.

A contribution given at a religious service.

(art) performance: a live show or concert.


persepuluhan

From sepuluh + per- -an. Calque of English decimal for sense of decimal. Calque of Hebrew מַעֲשֵׂר (ma'aser, “tithe”) for sense of tithe.

calque

decimal: a number expressed in the base-ten system.

(Christianity) tithe: a contribution to one's religious community or congregation of worship.


permukaan

Aku suka menatapi cerminan diriku di atas permukaan air.

I like looking at my reflection on the surface of the water.

surface (the overside or up-side of a flat object such as a table, or of a liquid)


timoer

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of timur.


berak

From Malay berak, cognate with Banjarese bahira.


nyeri

→ Javanese: ꦚꦼꦫꦶ (nyeri)

Probably affixed iri (“envious, jealous”) + meng-, borrowed from Sundanese ᮑᮨᮛᮤ (nyeri, “ill, sick; pain”). Compare to Javanese ꦱꦼꦫꦶꦏ꧀ (serik, “offended, irritated”), Javanese ꦱꦫꦶꦏ꧀ (sarik, “extraordinary (magic) power”).

ncog

(medicine, psychology) pain: an ache or bodily suffering, or an instance of this; an unpleasant sensation, resulting from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; hurt.


wulan

From Javanese ꦮꦸꦭꦤ꧀ (wulan), from Old Javanese wulan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulan, from Proto-Austronesian *bulaN. Doublet of bulan.

month: a period into which a year is divided, historically based on the phases of the moon.


con amore

Unadapted borrowing from Italian con amore (literally “with love”).

ubor

(music) con amore: played gently, with tenderness


akuntabilitas

Borrowed from English accountability. By surface analysis, akuntabel + -itas.

accountability: The state of being accountable; liability to be called on to render an account; accountableness; responsible for; answerable for.


interpretasi

Internationalism, Borrowed from Dutch interpretatie, from Old French, from Latin interpretationem, accusative of interpretatio, noun of action from interpretari.


interpretatif

Borrowed from Dutch interpretatief. By surface analysis, interpretasi + atif.


deskripsi

From Dutch descriptie, from French description, from Latin dēscrīptiō, noun of action of dēscrībō (“I describe”).


koleksi

From Dutch collectie, from Middle French collection, from Latin collēctiō.


nawala

From Javanese ꦤꦮꦭ (nawala, “letter”), from Old Javanese nawala (“letter”), probably related to sawala, sewala, suwala (“letter, lontar-leaf, lontar-palm”).

(computing) newsletter: a periodically sent publication containing current events or the like, generally on a particular topic or geared toward a limited audience.


praktikum

From Dutch practicum, from German Praktikum, from Latin practicum, neuter of practicus (“practical”), from Ancient Greek πρακτικός (praktikós, “of or pertaining to action, concerned with action or business, active, practical”), from πράσσω (prássō, “I do”).

der

(education) practicum (US), practical (UK): a course designed to give a student supervised practical knowledge of a subject previously studied theoretically.


bohong

From Malay bohong, from Classical Malay بوهوڠ (bohong).

not in line with reality and truth; untrue, fraudulent, deceptive, lying

not the real thing; fake, counterfeit (often about games, toys, etc.)


komprehensif

From English comprehensive, from late Middle French compréhensif, from Late Latin comprehensivus, from Latin comprehendo.


konsesi

konsèsi (canonical)
konsesi-konsesi (plural)

From Dutch concessie, from Middle French concession, from Latin concessiō.


teroris

From Dutch terrorist, from French terroriste.


yurisdiksi

From Dutch jurisdictie, from Latin iurisdictio.


fekunditas

Learned borrowing from Latin fēcunditās (“fruitfulness, fertility”), from fēcundus.


biring

(Malay) skin disease in the form of spots and causes itching


biring

biring:

biring:

biring:


biring

the edge of the skin (on turtles or turtles)


taksaka

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦏ꧀ꦱꦏ (taksaka, “snake”), from Old Javanese takṣaka, from Sanskrit तक्षक (takṣaka).

bor+

(mythology) snake, specifically Takshaka.


kontribusi

From Dutch contributie, from Middle French [Term?] (Modern French contribution), from Latin contribūtiōnem, contribūtiō, from Latin contribuēre.

(Islam, insurance) premium (the amount to be paid for an Islamic insurance policy)


tenggorokan

From Malay tenggorokan. Equivalent to tenggorok + -an.


bea masuk

béa masuk (canonical)
bea-bea masuk (plural)


wiracarita

From Sanskrit वीरचरित (vīracarita), from वीर (vīra) + चरित (carita). Equivalent to wira + cerita.


penyidikan

Affixed sidik + peng- -an. Semantic loan from Dutch opsporing.

(law) investigation: the act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up.


penyelidikan

pênyêlidikan (canonical)
penyelidikan-penyelidikan (plural)

(law) the act of initial investigating; initial investigation.

the act of inquiring; a seeking of information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning.

search for truth, information, or knowledge; examination of facts or principles; research; investigation.

preliminary investigation
preliminary investigation

(law enforcement) preliminary investigation


boelan

(1901–1947) Superseded spelling of bulan.


baluarti

From Javanese baluwarti (ꦧꦭꦸꦮꦂꦠꦶ, “fort, bulwark”), from Portuguese baluarte, from Old Occitan or Old French balouart, from Middle Dutch bolwerc, from Middle High German bolwerc, from bole (“plank, beam”) (from Proto-Germanic *bullǭ) + werc (“work”). Doublet of bulevar.


titihan

grebe (any of several waterbirds in the cosmopolitan family Podicipedidae)


turangga

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦸꦫꦁꦒ (turangga, “horse”).

bor+

turangga:

(Standard Malay)


kremasi

From Dutch crematie, from French crémation, from Latin crematio, cremationem.

cremation: a burning; especially the act or practice of cremating the dead, burning a corpse.


otomatisasi

head

otomatisasi (active mengotomatisasi, passive diotomatiasi)

mengotomatisasi (active)
diotomatiasi (passive)

(transitive) to automatize (to make automatic)

(transitive) to automate (to replace or enhance human labor with machines)


eksklusif

From Dutch exclusief, from Latin exclūsīvus, from excludere (“to shut out, exclude”), from ex- (“out”) + variant form of verb claudere (“to close, shut”).


representasi

From Dutch representatie, ultimately from Latin repraesentatio.


antisosial

From English antisocial. Equivalent to anti- + sosial.

(psychiatry, psychology) antisocial: opposed to social order or the principles of society; hostile toward society.

(colloquial) asocial: not social or sociable.


wirawan

id-noun

wirawan (plural wirawan-wirawan or para wirawan)

wirawan-wirawan (plural)
para wirawan (plural)

From Malay wirawan, from Sanskrit वीरवन्त् (vīravant, “heroic”). Equivalent to wira + -wan.


antiwirawan

antiwirawan (plural antiwirawan-antiwirawan or para antiwirawan)

antiwirawan-antiwirawan (plural)
para antiwirawan (plural)

Calque of English antihero as anti- + wirawan.


antasida

(pharmacy) Superseded spelling of antasid.


klinikal

From English clinical. Attested before 1965.

(proscribed) Alternative spelling of klinis.


poliklinik

From Dutch polikliniek (“policlinic, outpatient clinic”), from German Poliklinik (“policlinic, outpatient clinic”), from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, “city, community”) + κλῑνικός (klīnikós, “related to bed, physician”).

compound

(healthcare) policlinic, outpatient clinic.


bangsal

From Malay bangsal, from Classical Malay bangsal, from Hindi भनसाल (bhansāl, “storehouse”), from earlier भण्डसाल (bhaṇḍasāl), भण्डसार (bhaṇḍasār), from Sanskrit भाण्डशाला (bhāṇḍaśālā, “storehouse, magazine”), from भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + शाला (śālā).
* Sense of hall is a semantic loan from Javanese ꦧꦁꦱꦭ꧀ (bangsal, “mansion”), which cf above.
* Sense of ward is a semantic loan from Dutch zaal (“ward”, literally “room, hall”).

compound

भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) + शाला (śālā)

sl

(healthcare, medicine) ward: a part of a hospital, with beds, where patients reside.


paviliun

Borrowed from Dutch paviljoen, from French pavillon, from Latin pāpiliōnem, form of pāpiliō (“butterfly, moth”).

pavilion ((semi-)detached building in a building complex)


anggrek

anggrèk (canonical)
anggrek-anggrek (plural)

From Malay anggerik, anggrek, from Classical Malay [script needed] (anggĕrik), [script needed] (anggrĕk), from Javanese ꦲꦔ꧀ꦒꦿꦺꦏ꧀ (anggrék, “orchid”).


angkatan laut

id-noun

angkatan laut (plural angkatan-angkatan laut)

Compound of angkatan + laut, from Malay angkatan laut, from Classical Malay اڠكتن لاوت (angkatan laut).


angkatan perang

Compound of angkatan + perang, inherited from Malay angkatan perang, from Premodern Malay اڠكتن ڤراڠ (angkatan perang), calque of Dutch krijgsmacht.


angkatan bersenjata

Compound of angkatan + bersenjata, calque of English armed forces.


hanggar

From Dutch hangar, from French hangar (“shed, hangar”), from Middle French hanghart (“enclosure near a house”), from Old French hangart, *hamgart, from Old Frankish *haimgard (“fence around a group of houses”).

der

hangar: a large garage-like structure where aircraft are kept.


mesin cuci

Compound of mesin + cuci, calque of Dutch wasmachine.


warung telepon

warung telekomunikasi
warung telekomunikasi#Indonesian


perampokan

From Malay perampokan. Equivalent to rampok + peng- -an.

robbery;
The act or practice of robbing.

(law) The offense of taking or attempting to take the property of another by force or threat of force.


perampok

From Malay perampok. Equivalent to peng- + rampok.


asosiasi

The state of being associated; a connection to or an affiliation with something.

organization; society: a group of persons associated for a common purpose.


otoritas

id-noun

otoritas (countable and uncountable, plural otoritas-otoritas)

From Dutch autoriteit, from Middle Dutch auctoriteit, from Old French auctorité, from Latin auctoritas (“invention, advice, opinion, influence, command”). The current form is influenced by the suffix -itas. Cognate with Piawai Malay autoriti.

der

(uncountable) authority (power to enforce rules or give orders)

(countable) authority (government agency that runs a revenue-generating activity)


sarasehan

From Javanese ꦱꦫꦱꦺꦲꦤ꧀ (sarasèhan, “discussion; seminar”) (compare to ꦱꦿꦱꦺꦲꦤ꧀ (srasèhan), ꦱꦿꦱꦺꦃ (srasèh), and ꦫꦁꦱꦺꦃ (rangsèh) with sense of discussion, seminar).

bor

symposium: A conference or other meeting for discussion of a topic, especially one in which the participants make presentations.


otoritet

id-noun

otoritet (countable and uncountable, plural otoritet-otoritet)


bulai

albino (person or any animal with albinism)


desersi

From Dutch desertie, from French désertion, from Late Latin desertō, from Latin desertus, from deserō (“abandon”).


oposisi

From Dutch oppositie, from Middle Dutch opposicie, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French oposicion, from Late Latin oppositio, translating Ancient Greek ἀντίθεσις (antíthesis), from the past participle stem of classical Latin oppōnere (“to set against”).

the action of opposing or of being in conflict.

opposition:
an opposite or contrasting position.

(astronomy) the apparent relative position of two celestial bodies when one is at an angle of 180 degrees from the other as seen from the Earth.

(politics) a political party or movement opposed to the party or government in power.

(linguistics) the opposition between two linguistic elements to show differences in meaning


templat

From English template, from templet, probably from French templet, diminutive of temple (“a weaver's stretcher”), variant of tempe, from Latin tempora (“temple”).


kereta api bumel

kereta api bumel (plural kereta-kereta api bumel)

Partial calque of Dutch boemeltrein, from boemel (“loitering”) + trein, as kereta api + bumel.

(archaic, rail transport) local: a train that stops at all, or almost all, stations between its origin and destination, including very small ones.


stratifikasi

From Dutch stratificatie, from French stratification, from Medieval Latin stratificatio, from Latin stratum.

(geology) the process leading to the formation or deposition of layers, especially of sedimentary rocks

stratification;
(music) a layering of musical texture

stratification;
a layering of musical texture

(ecology) the vertical layering of vegetation in a forest

(sociology) society's categorization of people into socioeconomic strata


bermalam

(intransitive) to hitch a bed; to stay overnight

(intransitive, stative) to have been cooked yesterday so it is already stale


kesudahan

From Malay kesudahan. Equivalent to sudah + ke- -an.


melebihkan

From Malay melebihkan, from Classical Malay melebihkan, equivalent to lebih + meng- -kan.


sendirian

Affixed sendiri + -an, from Malay sendirian, from Classical Malay sendirian.


terakhir

From Malay terakhir, equivalent to ter- + akhir.


berakhir

From Malay berakhir, equivalent to ber- + akhir.


kesehatan

kêsèhatan (canonical)
kesehatan-kesehatan (plural)

sehat (“healthy”) + ke- -an, from Malay kesihatan. The sense “a state of balance” is a semantic loan from English health.

The state of being free from physical or psychological disease, illness, or malfunction; wellness.

Kesehatan finansial.

A state of well-being or balance, often physical but sometimes also mental and social; the overall level of function of an organism from the cellular (micro) level to the social (macro) level.


alokasi

From Dutch allocatie, from French allocation, from Middle French allocacion, from Medieval Latin allocātiō.


tangkap

From Malay tangkap, probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋkep (“seize, grip”). Doublet of tangkeb.

inh

infinitive, imperative and colloquial of menangkap (“to catch, to seize”)


pasar swalayan

Compound of pasar (“market”) + swalayan (“self-service”), calque of Dutch zelfbedieningswinkel (“supermarket”, literally “self-service + shop”).

calque

supermarket: a large self-service store that sells groceries and, usually, medications, household goods, and/or clothing.


rongga

From Malay rongga, from Classical Malay rongga.


berongga

From Malay berongga, from Classical Malay berongga. Equivalent to ber- + rongga.


nafkah

From Malay nafkah, from Classical Malay nafkah, nafakat, nafqah, nafqat, from Arabic نَفَقَ (nafaqa).


justru

Inherited from Malay justeru (“hence; therefore”), from English just true, or probably from Portuguese justo

inh+

a conjunction used to emphasize that something is true or false. precisely, exactly

in fact actually (on the contrary); even the opposite. instead


keharusan

From Malay keharusan, from Classical Malay keharusan. Equivalent to harus + ke- -an.


kantong

→ Min Nan: 簡桶 /简桶 (kán-thóng)

From Malay kantung, from Classical Malay kantung, kantong, probably from Proto-Austroasiatic (compare Proto-Katuic *kduŋ (“bag, pocket”)). Doublet of kandung.


kerbau afrika

id-noun

kerbau afrika (plural kerbau-kerbau afrika)

From kerbau + Afrika. Calque of English African buffalo.

Syncerus caffer
Syncerus caffer#Translingual

A large African bovid, African buffalo; Cape buffalo, Syncerus caffer.


pengangguran

pêngangguran (canonical)
pengangguran-pengangguran (plural)


meterai

From Malay materai, meterai, menterai, from Classical Malay متراي (materai), متراي (menterai), متراي (meterai), from Tamil முத்திரை (muttirai, “mark, seal, stamp”), from Sanskrit मुद्रा (mudrā, “seal, stamp”).
* Displaced Dutch zegel (“seal, stamp”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.


ponco

From English poncho,
from Spanish poncho, from Quechua punchu.

poncho; a simple waterproof garment, made from a rectangle of cloth, with a hood, in Indonesia considered as a type of raincoat.


batu bara

Compound of batu (“stone”) + bara (“ember, charcoal”), from calque from Chinese 石炭 (“coal”, literally “rock; stone + charcoal”). Compare to Malay arang batu (“coal”, literally “charcoal + stone”).

cog

coal: a black rock formed from prehistoric plant remains, composed largely of carbon and burned as a fuel.


mengkrititisi

From meng- + kritisi. Reanalyzed as kritis + meng- -i.


provokasi

From Dutch provocatie, from Old French provocacion, from Late Latin prōvocātiō, prōvocātiōnem, from Latin prōvocō.

The act of provoking, inciting or annoying someone into doing something.

Something that provokes; a provocative act.


provokasi

head

provokasi (active memprovokasi, passive diprovokasi, perfective passive terprovokasi)

memprovokasi (active)
diprovokasi (passive)
terprovokasi (passive perfective)

To cause someone to become annoyed or angry.

(transitive) to provoke
To bring about a reaction.


orisinil

(dated) Nonstandard spelling of orisinal (“original”).


fisik

From Dutch fysiek, from French physique, from Latin physicus. Doublet of fisis.


paralon

A genericized trademark of the Indonesian trademark Pralon.


kritis

From Dutch kritisch, from German kritisch, from French critique, from Latin criticus, from Ancient Greek κριτικός (kritikós). Cognate of Afrikaans krities.

critical:
inclined to find fault or criticize.

relating to criticism or careful analysis, such as literary or film criticism.

(medicine) of a patient condition involving unstable vital signs and a prognosis that predicts the condition could worsen; or, a patient condition that requires urgent treatment in an intensive care or critical care medical facility.

pertaining to, or indicating, a crisis or turning point.


kritisi

From Dutch critici, plural form of criticus, from Latin criticus, from Ancient Greek κρῐτῐκός (krĭtĭkós).


invois

From English invoice, from Middle French envois pl, plural of envoi, from the verb envoyer (“to send”), from Late Latin inviāre, from Latin via (“road, path”).


garda depan

Calque of French avant-garde as compound of garda + depan.

avant-garde: any group of people who invent or promote new techniques or concepts, especially in the arts.


Sabat

From Arabic سَبْت (sabt), اَلسَّبْت (as-sabt), from Hebrew שַׁבָּת, possibly from Akkadian 𒊭𒉺𒀜𒌈 (šapattum, “the middle day of the lunar month”). Doublet of Sabtu.

der

Hebrew שַׁבָּת

Sabbath, Saturday: observed in Judaism and some Christian denominations as a day of rest and worship.


kerani

Inherited from Malay kerani (“clerk”), from Sanskrit करण (karaṇa, “scribe”). Doublet of karena.


panti benih

A facility where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions, especially those of fish or poultry; hatchery.


kanselir

From Dutch kanselier, from Middle Dutch cancelier, canceler, from Middle High German kanzeler but influenced by Old French chancelier, both from Latin cancellārius.

Kepolisian Berlin mengatakan sebuah mobil menabrak gerbang depan gedung kantor kanselir Jerman.

Berlin police said a car crashed on front gate of Chancellor of Germany office.

(government, politics) the head of the government in some German-speaking countries, ie. Austria and Germany.

(government, politics) a senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government such as finance or justice.

(rare) high officer in diplomatic or consular mission.

(education, rare) the head of a university, sometimes purely ceremonial.


panti derma

A residential institution for the care and protection of orphans, elders, abandoned persons, etc.


klinisi

From Dutch clinici, plural form of clinicus, from Latin clinicus, from Ancient Greek κλῑνικός (klīnikós), from κλῑ́νη (klī́nē, “the bed”).


komisar

From Russian комисса́р (komissár), from German Kommissar (“commissioner”), from Latin commissarius. Doublet of komisaris and komisioner.


komisioner

komisionèr (canonical)
komisioner-komisioner (plural)

* From Dutch commissionair, from French commissionnaire, from Medieval Latin commissiōnārius. Doublet of komisar and komisaris.
* Semantic loan from English commissioner.

someone who get commission (“a fee charged by an agent or broker for carrying out a transaction.”).


kompak

From Dutch compact, from French compact, from Latin compactus.

(figurative) united; unanimous; solid; without division.


komunitas

Learned borrowing from Latin commūnitās (“community; public spirit”).
* Displaced from earlier komuniteit suffixed from Dutch -iteit


kuarsa asap

From kuarsa (“quartz”) + asap (“smoke”). Calque of English smokey quartz.

A brown to black variety of quartz; smoky quartz.


narahubung

nara- + hubung, calque of English contact person.

Someone who can be contacted, or with whom one is in communication; contact; contact person.


narasumber

(literally) The person from which information comes; a source.

One who relays confidential information to someone, especially to the police; an informer; an informant.

(extension) Someone being interviewed, i.e. the person answering the questions; an interviewee.


pengeblog

From peng- + blog. Calque of English blogger.


narapraja

From Javanese narapraja. Equivalent to nara- + praja.


narapati

From Javanese narapati, narpati. Equivalent to nara- + patih.


nara-

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese nara (“man, male, person”), from Sanskrit नर (nára), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hnáras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnáras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr.


naravlog

From nara- + vlog. Calque of English vlogger.

(Internet) A contributor to a vlog; vlogger.


DUHAM

Initialism of Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights


panti pijat

From panti (“place”) + pijat (“massage”).

A place where clients can pay for a massage; massage parlor.


panti pijat plus-plus

massage parlor: a place that offers a happy ending (a hand job) or a sex after the massage.


petik mangga

From petik (“pluck”) + mangga (“mango”).

(euphemistic) A hand job, especially one provided by the masseuse to the client at or towards the end of a massage; happy ending.


sepik-sepik iblis

compound

reduplication of <i class="Latn mention" lang="id">sepik</i>

(slang) to seduce a girl or woman to obey the sensual or sexual request


abiturien

From Dutch abituriënt, from German Abiturient, from Latin abituriens, derived from abiī (“to leave”) + -turiō (desiderative suffix).


air bawah tanah

Compound of air (“water”) + bawah (“under”) + tanah (“ground”), literally “underground water”, probably calque from Chinese 地下水 (dìxiàshuǐ, “groundwater”).


adolesens

adolèsêns (canonical)
adolesens-adolesens (plural)


afek

From Dutch affect, from Latin affectus, adfectus (“a state of mind or body produced by some (external) influence, especially sympathy or love”), from afficere (“to act upon, influence”).

(psychology, psychiatry) affect: a subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus; mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs.


afeksi

From Dutch affectie, from Middle Dutch affectie, from Old French affection, from Latin affectiōnem, affectiō.

affection (an emotion; a feeling or natural impulse acting upon and swaying the mind)

affection (a feeling of love or strong attachment)


afektif

From Dutch affectief, from French affectif, from Latin affectīvus.


agitasi

From Dutch agitatie, from French agitation, from Latin agitātiō (“movement, agitation”). Cognate of Afrikaans agitasie.

the act of agitating, or the state of being agitated

(politics) the state of being disrupted with violence, or with irregular action; commotion.

excitement of public feeling by discussion, appeals, etc.

putting into motion by shaking or stirring, often to achieve mixing.


bakalaureat

From Dutch baccalaureaat, from French baccalauréat, from Medieval Latin baccalaureatus, from Latin baccalaureus, an alteration of baccalarius (“young man aspiring to knighthood”), to resemble bacca lauri (“laurel berry”) (the ancient symbol of victory).

a bachelor's degree (first or lowest academic degree conferred by Anglo-Saxon universities and colleges).

a high school completion exam and qualification awarded in many countries (e.g. Finland, France, Moldova, Romania), designed to enable students to go on to higher education.


isap

From Malay hisap, from Proto-Malayic *hisəp, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hisəp, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hisəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qisəp, from the root *-səp.

(transitive) to suck (to use the mouth to pull in (liquid etc.))


oleh-oleh

souvenir: an item of sentimental value, to remember an event or location.


sasis

From Dutch chassis, from French châssis, from châsse, from Latin capsa (“case”).


dana siswa

(education) scholarship: a grant-in-aid to a student.


dermaga

From Sanskrit मार्ग (mārga). Doublet of marga.

quay: structure for loading and unloading vessels.


relawan

From rela + -wan, literally people who is willing. It proscribed because its unclear meaning and unconventional word formation.


pajak pertambahan nilai

id-noun

pajak pertambahan nilai (plural pajak-pajak pertambahan nilai)

Compound of pajak (“tax”) + pertambahan (“addition”) + nilai (“value”), calque of English value added tax.


pajak nilai tambah

Compound of pajak (“tax”) + nilai tambah (“value added”), calque of English value added tax.

pajak pertambahan nilai
pajak pertambahan nilai#Indonesian

(taxation, dated) Synonym of pajak pertambahan nilai


nilai tambah

From nilai (“value”) + tambah (“add”). Calque of English value added.

(economics, business) the amount by which the value of an article is increased at each stage of its production, exclusive of initial costs; value added.


nilai tambah

(economics, business, of goods) having features added to a basic line or model for which the buyer is prepared to pay extra; value added.


dana kekayaan berdaulat

From dana (“fund”) + kekayaan (“wealth”) + berdaulat (“sovereign”). Calque of English sovereign wealth fund.

sovereign wealth fund
sovereign wealth fund


diskresi

From Dutch discretie, from Old French discretion (Modern French discrétion), from Late Latin discrētiō, from Latin discerno.

discretion: the freedom to make one's own judgements.


diskus

From Dutch discus, from Latin discus, from Ancient Greek δίσκος (dískos).


distansi

From Dutch distantie, from French distance, from Latin distantia.


dosir

From Dutch dossier, from French dossier.


mendosir

meng- + *dosir, from Dutch doceer, doceren, from Latin doceō.


drainase

From Dutch drainage, from French drainage.


Pratama

From Javanese ꦥꦿꦠꦩ (pratama), from Sanskrit प्रथम (prathamá).


Anggraeni

a female given name from Javanese: alternative spelling of Anggraini


masker bedah

id-noun

masker bedah (plural masker-masker bedah)

From masker (“mask”) + bedah (“surgical”). Calque of English surgical mask.


mata pelajaran

Compound of mata (“eye”) + pelajaran (“lesson”), from Malay mata pelajaran (“a particular area of study”), likely a calque from Chinese 科目 (“subject (in a curriculum, or at a school); course”), from 科 (“branch (of study)”) + 目 (mù, “eye”). Similar to Indonesian mata kuliah.

zh-l

subject; an area of knowledge that is taught or studied in learning institutions.


nasi sudah menjadi bubur

(idiomatic) what's done is done; the die is cast


gaya gerak listrik

Compound of gaya (“force”) + gerak (“movement”) + listrik (“electricity”), a calque of Dutch elektromotorische kracht.


GGL

gaya gerak listrik
gaya gerak listrik#Indonesian

(electromagnetism) Initialism of gaya gerak listrik (“electromotive force”): EMF.


basahan

Inherited from Malay basahan, equivalent to basah (“wet”) + -an.

kain basahan

bath clothe or towel (wrapped around the body while bathing)

baju basahan

bahasa basahan


basahan

kind of Javanese traditional long wedding dress


konduite

From Dutch conduite, from French conduite, from Latin conducta < conductus.


gaya gerak magnet

Compound of gaya (“force”) + gerak (“movement”) + magnet (“magnet”), calque of Dutch magnetomotorische kracht (“magnetomotive force”).


medeplichtigheid

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch medeplichtigheid (“the status of accessory”).

ubor

(law) the status of accessory (assisting a crime)


diskusi

From Dutch discussie, from Middle French discussion, from Old French discussion, from Latin discussiō.


formasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch formatie, from French formation, from Old French formacion, from Latin fōrmātiō, fōrmātiōnem.

the act of assembling a group or structure.

formation:
(geology) a rock or face of a mountain.

formation:
a rock or face of a mountain.

(sports) an arrangement of players designed to facilitate certain plays.


bubuk

Inherited from Malay bubuk, from Proto-Malayic *bubuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukbuk (“weevil that infests wood, bamboo, and rice; dust produced by the boring of this insect”).
* The sense of powder is a semantic loan from Javanese bubuk (“powder”).


pupuk

A natural substance that is used to make the ground more suitable for growing plants.

A chemical compound created to have the same effect.

medicine from plants (leaves and so on) that are ground into a paste, attached to the upper forehead, close to the crown


ultraungu

From ultra- + ungu (“purple, violet”), a calque of English ultraviolet.


infrasonik

infrasonic (of sound waves, having frequencies below the human audible range)

infrasonic (of a device, generating or employing such sound waves)


infrasonik

infrasound (sound wave having a frequency below the human audible range)


kuadrat

From Dutch kwadraat, from Middle French quadrat, from Latin quadrātum.

Menurut hukum gravitasi universal Newton, tiap partikel memiliki gaya tarik menarik dengan partikel lain, yang berbanding lurus dengan perkalian massa kedua partikel dan berbanding terbalik dengan kuadrat jarak antara kedua partikel.

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, every particle has an attracting force with another particle, that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two particles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two particles.

(algebra) square; the product of a number or quantity multiplied by itself


kuadrat

Tiga kuadrat tambah empat kuadrat sama dengan lima kuadrat.

Three squared plus four squared equals five squared.

(algebra) squared; raised to the second power


bujur sangkar

From bujur (“length”) + sangkar (“cage”).

(geometry, unfashionable) square; a polygon with four sides of equal length and four right angles


menembak

To shoot; to fire (a weapon that releases a projectile).

(informal) to declare one's love, to confess one's feelings to someone.

(figurative, colloquial) to get legal document without or skip legal procedure.


ungsi

From Javanese ungsi, from Old Javanese ungsī.


berbanding lurus

From berbanding (“having a proportion”) + lurus (“straight”).

compound

directly proportional
directly proportional


berbanding terbalik

From berbanding (“having a proportion”) + terbalik (“flipped”).

inversely proportional
inversely proportional


ayah biologis

id-noun

ayah biologis (plural ayah-ayah biologis)

From ayah (“father”) + biologis (“biological”). Calque of English biological father.


Yesus

Learned borrowing from Latin Iēsūs (“Jesus”), from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (Yēšûaʿ).

der

Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (Yēšûaʿ)


Yesus Kristus

Learned borrowing from Latin Iēsūs Chrīstus (“Jesus Christ”). Equivalent to Yesus (“Jesus”) + Kristus (“Christ”).


THR

Aku memberikan THR kepada Rafa.
I handed some Eid money to Rafa.

tunjangan hari raya
tunjangan hari raya#Indonesian

Initialism of tunjangan hari raya (“holiday allowance, holiday pay”, literally “great day allowance”).

tunjangan hari raya

taman hiburan rakyat
taman hiburan rakyat#Indonesian


bengkok

From Malay bengkok, from Classical Malay bengkok, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *biŋkuk (“curved, bent”).

inh

(of something that is usually straight) folded, dented.


bengkok

bèngkok (canonical)
bengkok-bengkok (plural)

(surgery, colloquial) kidney dish, emesis basin: a shallow basin with a kidney-shaped base and sloping walls used in medical and surgical wards to receive soiled dressings and other medical waste, commonly known as Dutch nierbekken (“renal pelvis”, literally “kidney-shaped basin”).


bengkok

village land in term of feudal land tenure by serjeanty.


Isa Almasih

From Arabic عيسى المسيح. Equivalent to Isa (“Jesus”) + Almasih (“Messiah”).

bor

Arabic عيسى المسيح

(Islam) Jesus of Nazareth, one of the prophet in Islam.


bayi tabung

From bayi (“baby”) + tabung (“tube”), literally "tube baby".

in vitro fertilization
in vitro fertilization#English

A baby who was conceived by in vitro fertilization in a tube; A test tube baby.


menersangkakan

(transitive) To make someone become a suspect.


talunan

Inherited from Malay talunan, equivalent to talun + -an.


semok

From Javanese semok. Blend of seksi (“sexy”) + montok (“plump”).


belah duren

Compound of belah (“to split”) + duren (“durian”). Coined by Taufik Apalah in a song sung and popularized by Indonesian singer Julia Perez in 2008.

Semua orang pasti suka "belah duren" / Apalagi malam pengantin / Sampai pagi pun yo wis ben

2008, Taufik Apalah (abunawas) (lyrics and music), “Belah Duren”, in Belah Duren, performed by Julia Perez:


belah duren

To take the virginity of a woman or girl; to deflower.


pacar

Lawsonia inermis
Lawsonia inermis#Translingual

A shrub, Lawsonia inermis, having fragrant reddish flowers

A reddish plant substance, prepared from the dried leaves of this plant, used for temporary tattoos and hair coloring. Hair colorings range from bright red to earth brown to near black.


pacar

From Betawi pacar, from Malay pacar. Related to etymology 1, due to fact that spouse made their nails red with pacar before marriage in Betawi tradition.

(informal) A male or female partner in an unmarried romantic relationship; boyfriend; girlfriend.


Nataru

Acronym of Natal dan Tahun Baru (“Christmas and New Year”).


bunbin

kebun binatang
kebun binatang#Indonesian


kemboja

From Malay kemboja, from Classical Malay kemboja, from Sanskrit काम्बोज (kāmboja, “a kind of tree”). Doublet of Kamboja.


masturbasi

From Dutch masturbatie, from French masturbation, from New Latin masturbātiō, masturbātiōnem.


runcing

head

runcing (comparative lebih runcing, superlative teruncing, equative seruncing)

lebih runcing (comparative)
teruncing (superlative)
seruncing (equative)

/ˈruɲ.t͡ʃɪŋ/

(of a pencil, pen etc.) sharp; spiky (terminating in a point or edge, especially one that can pierce easily; not dull, obtuse or rounded)

(figuratively, of a fight, situation, etc.) intense (extreme or very high or strong in degree; severe; also, excessive)


runcing

runcing (active meruncing, passive diruncing)

/ˈruɲ.t͡ʃɪŋ/

(transitive) to taper (to make thinner or narrower at one end)


relativitas khusus

From relativitas (“relativity”) + khusus (“special”). Calque of English special relativity.

compound

special relativity
special relativity#English


relativitas umum

From relativitas (“relativity”) + umum (“general”). Calque of English general relativity.

general relativity
general relativity#English


meong

Meongku mati.


obstruksi

From Dutch obstructie, from French obstruction, from Latin obstrūctiō.


definisi

définisi (canonical)
definisi-definisi (plural)

From Dutch definitie, from Middle French definition, from Latin dēfīnītiō, from dēfīniō.

a statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol (dictionary definitions).

a statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation

(electronics) clarity of visual presentation, distinctness of outline or detail.


otomotif

automotive: of, or relating to motor vehicles.


samseng

From Malay samseng, from Chinese Hokkien 三牲 (sam-seng, sam-sng, “gangster”, literally “three domestic animals”).


gradien

gradièn (canonical)
gradien-gradien (plural)

From Dutch gradiënt, from French gradient, from Latin gradiēns, present participle of gradior (“to step, to walk”).


membenci

From Malay membenci,
from Classical Malay membenci. Equivalent to meng- + benci.


nasi sudah jadi bubur

nasi sudah menjadi bubur
nasi sudah menjadi bubur#Indonesian


nasi telah menjadi bubur

Meski begitu, Yusril mengatakan naskah tersebut sah sebagai sebuah undang-undang yang berlaku dan mengikat semua pihak. "Seperti kata pepatah, nasi telah menjadi bubur. UU yang banyak kesalahan ketiknya itu sudah ditandatangani Presiden dan sudah diundangkan dalam lembaran negara," ujar Yusril dalam keterangan tertulis, dikutip Rabu, 4 November 2020.

2020 November 4, Budiarti Utami Putri, “Yusril Soal Typo UU Cipta Kerja: Nasi Sudah Jadi Bubur, UU Tersebut Tetap Sah”, in Syailendra Persada, editor, TEMPO.CO, archived from the original on 2020-12-27:

However, Yusril says that the aformentioned manuscript is valid as a law that is in effect and affects all sides/parties. "As the saying goes, rice has become porridge. That law that has many typos has been signed by the President and has been joined into the state's papers", said Yusril in a written statement, quoted Wednesday, 4 November 2020.


head

di mana bumi dipijak, di sana langit dijunjung

di mana bumi dipijak, di situ langit dijunjung#Indonesian

Synonym of di mana bumi dipijak, di situ langit dijunjung


di mana bumi diinjak, di sana langit dijunjung


di mana bumi diinjak, di situ langit dijunjung


di mana tanah diinjak, di sana langit dijunjung


di mana tanah diinjak, di situ langit dijunjung


di mana tanah dipijak, di situ langit dijunjung


pelek

From Dutch velg (“rim”), from Middle Dutch velge, from Old Dutch *felga, from Proto-Germanic *felgō.


letnan

From Dutch luitenant, from Middle Dutch lieutenant, from Middle French lieutenant (Modern French lieutenant), from lieu (“place”) + tenant (“holding”).


mayoritas

Learned borrowing from Latin māiōritās, from Latin māiōr (“greater”). Reanalysed as mayor + -itas.

majority: more than half (50%) of some group.


perai

From Dutch vrij, from Middle Dutch vri, from Old Dutch frī, from Proto-West Germanic *frī, from Proto-Germanic *frijaz, which derives from Proto-Indo-European *preyH- (“to be fond of”).


skrip

From Dutch schrift, from Middle Dutch scrift, scricht, from Old Dutch skrifti, from Latin scrīptum.


senapan

sênapan (canonical)
senapan-senapan (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch snaphaan, from Middle Dutch snaphaen, ultimately from German Schnapphahn (“robber on horseback”).


setir

From Dutch stuur, from Middle Dutch stier, stuur, probably from Proto-West Germanic *stiurijan (“to steer”), from Proto-Germanic *stiurijaną (“to steer”).

steering device, notably a steering wheel in a vehicle or handlebar on a bicycle.


saklek

From Dutch zakelijk (“objective, impersonal”), from Middle Dutch sākelijc. Doublet of sakelek.


belenggu

From Malay belenggu, from Tamil vilāṅku, probably derived from விலகு (vilaku).

a restraint fit over a human or animal appendage, such as a wrist, ankle or finger; normally used in pairs joined by a chain

(figuratively, rare) a restraint on one's action, activity, or progress


belenggu

head

bêlênggu (active membelenggu, passive dibelenggu, perfective passive terbelenggu)

bêlênggu (canonical)
membelenggu (active)
dibelenggu (passive)
terbelenggu (passive perfective)

(transitive) to shackle (to restrain using shackles; to place in shackles)


cerpu

From Malay cerpu, from Classical Malay cerpu, from Tamil செருப்பு (ceruppu, “leather sandals, slippers, shoe”).


swapanggah

From swa- + Javanese panggah. Calque of English self-consistent.


swausaha

From swa- + usaha. Calque of English self-help.


swasadar

From swa- + sadar. Calque of English self-conscious.


swarawat

From swa- + rawat. Calque of English self-care.


swacala

From Sanskrit स्वचल (svacala). Reanalyzed as swa- +

swacala abadi


swacipta

From swa- + cipta. Calque of English autogenous.


swanama

From swa- + nama. Calque of English autonym.


swadisiplin

From swa- + disiplin. Calque of English self-discipline.


handai

From Tamil ஆண்டை (āṇṭai, “master, lord”).

(obsolete) friend, person whose company one enjoys.


swanyala

From swa- + nyala. Calque of English autoignition.


swapantau

From swa- + pantau. Calque of English self-observation.


swasensor

From swa- + sensor, calque of English self-censorship.


swasiswa

From swa- + siswa. Calque of English autodidact.


swadana

From swa- + dana. Calque of English self-financing.


oplah

circulation (number of copies sold of e.g. a newspaper).


swasulut

From swa- + sulut. Calque of English autoignition.


swawinaya

From swa- + winaya. Calque of English self-discipline.


swayasa

From swa- + Old Javanese yasa. Calque of English self-made.


swakaji

From swa- + kaji. Calque of English self-study.


swadiri

From swa- + diri. Calque of English autonomous.


swaguna

From swa- + guna. Calque of English self-use.


swaharga

From swa- + harga. Calque of English self-respect.


ganco

From Portuguese gancho, from Proto-Celtic *ganskyos (“branch, twig”). Doublet of gancu.


swasunting

From swa- + sunting. Calque of English self-edit.


swacetak

From swa- + cetak. Calque of English self publishing and self-printing.


inovasi

From Dutch innovatie, from Middle French innovation, from Old French innovacion, from Late Latin innovatio.

a change effected by innovating; a change in customs.

something new, and contrary to established customs, manners, or rites.


panau

From Malay panau, from Classical Malay ڤاناو (panau), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *panaw (“fungus infection which produces light patches on the skin”).


Pentakosta

From Portuguese Pentecoste, from Latin Pentēcostē, from Ancient Greek πεντηκοστή (pentēkostḗ).


pelangkin

From Portuguese palanquim, from Odia ପାଲଙ୍କି (pālaṅki), ultimately from Sanskrit पल्यङ्क (palyaṅka, “bed, couch, bedstead”), from परि (pari, “around, about”) + अङ्कस् (aṅkas, “bend, curve”).


perum

From Portuguese prumo, from Latin plumbum.

(nautical) plummet: a piece of lead attached to a line, used in sounding the depth of water, a plumb bob or a plumb line.


perum

perusahaan umum
perusahaan umum#Indonesian

statutory corporation
statutory corporation

acronym of perusahaan umum (“statutory corporation”).

perumahan umum
perumahan umum#Indonesian

acronym of perumahan umum (“public housing”).

apocopic form of perumahan (“housing, residences”).


piung

From Malay piung, from Portuguese peão (“pawn”), from Old Galician-Portuguese peon, from Medieval Latin or Late Latin pedōnem, accusative of pedō (“one who goes on foot”), from Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”). Doublet of pion.


defisit

From Dutch deficit, from French déficit, from Latin dēficit.


balai latihan kerja

Compound of balai (“office”) + latihan (“training”) + kerja (“work”), literally “job training office”.

com

(education, labour) government vocational training institute.


yuwana

From Sanskrit युवन् (yuvan, “young, youthful”).


sekretaris

id-noun

sekrêtaris (plural sekretaris-sekretaris or para sekretaris)

sekrêtaris (canonical)
sekretaris-sekretaris (plural)
para sekretaris (plural)

From Dutch secretaris, from Medieval Latin sēcrētārius (“one entrusted with secrets”).

der

secretary (a person who keeps records, takes notes and handles general clerical work)


panitera

From Javanese ꦥꦤꦶꦠꦿ (panitra, “secretary”), from Old Javanese panitra, prefixed pa- + citra, from Sanskrit चित्र (citrá, “picture”). Equivalent to peng- + citra. Semantic loan from Dutch griffier (“registrar”).


periodik

From Dutch periodiek, from periode + -iek.


kontinen

From Dutch continent, from French continent, from Latin continēns.


pensiun

pènsiun (canonical)
pensiun-pensiun (plural)

From Malay pensiun, from Dutch pensioen, from Middle Dutch pensioen, from Old French pension (“payment, rent”), from Latin pensio (“payment, rent”), from pensus, the past participle of pendere (“to weigh, to pay”).

(Standard Malay)

pension: an annuity paid regularly as benefit due to a retired employee, serviceman etc. in consideration of past services, originally and chiefly by a government but also by various private pension schemes.

(Standard Malay)

(generally in compound) retirement: The state of having permanently left one's employment, now especially at reaching pensionable age; the portion of one's life after retiring from one's career.


perbawa

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦿꦧꦮ (prabawa, “awesomeness, majesty, splendour; authority; nobility; supernatural power; ruler power”), from Old Javanese prabhāwa (“might, power, strength; an extraordinary, supernatural potency; light”), from Sanskrit प्रभाव (prabhāva, “importance; greatness; prowess; influence; impact”).


perwara

From Sanskrit प्रावर (prāvara, “fence, enclosure”).


priayi

From Javanese ꦥꦿꦶꦪꦪꦶ (priyayi).
* from Javanese para (ꦥꦫ, “group, plural marker”) + yayi (ꦪꦪꦶ, “[royal] younger sibling”).
* borrowed from Sanskrit प्रिय (priya, “beloved”). Doublet of pria.

compound

priyayi: the Dutch-era class of the nobles of the robe, as opposed to royal nobility or ningrat in Java.


sersan

From Dutch sergeant, from Middle Dutch seriant, from Old French sergent, from Latin serviēns. Cognate of Afrikaans sersant.

(military, law enforcement) sergeant (non-commissioned officer in several armed forces)


primadona

From Italian prima donna (“first lady”).

(drama) the principal female singer or the leading lady.

diva: any female celebrity, usually a well known singer or actress.

Dahulu, karet adalah primadona di daerah ini.

(figurative) significant: that which has significance.


koreksi

From Dutch correctie, from Middle Dutch correctie, from Middle French correction, from Latin corrēctiō, from corrigere 'to correct, rectify', itself from com- (intensifying prefix, a form of con-) + regere "to lead straight, rule" (from a Proto-Indo-European base *reg- "to move in a straight line; direct, rule, guide").

correction, rectification.
The act of correcting.

A decline in a stock market price after a large rise.


residivis

rèsidivis (canonical)
residivis-residivis (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch recidivist, from French récidiviste, from Latin recidīvus (“returning, recurring”).


konstitusi

From Dutch constitutie, from French constitution, from Old French constitucion, from Latin cōnstitūtiō, cōnstitūtiōnem.

(government) the formal or informal system of primary principles and laws that regulates a government or other institutions.

(law) a legal document describing such a formal system.


konstituante

From Dutch constituante, from French constituante.

constituent assembly
constituent assembly#English

constitutional assembly
constitutional assembly#English

(government, law) constituent assembly, constitutional assembly: a body of representatives convened to draft and adopt a new constitution for a country.


konstituen

From Dutch constituent, from Latin cōnstituēns, present participle of cōnstituō (“I establish”), from com- (“together”) + statuo (“I set, place, establish”).

constituent:
a part, or component of a whole.

a person or thing which constitutes, determines, or constructs.

(politics, law, government) a resident of an area represented by an elected official, particularly in relation to that official.

(linguistics) a functional element of a phrase or clause.


undang-undang dasar

Compound of undang-undang (“law”) + dasar (“ground, base”), calque of Dutch grondwet (“constitution”, literally “ground, base + law”).

clq

(government, law) constitution: the formal or informal system of primary principles and laws that regulates a government or other institutions.


reglemen

réglemén (canonical)
reglemen-reglemen (plural)

From Dutch reglement, from French réglement, from régler, from Latin regulare.


regulasi

régulasi (canonical)
regulasi-regulasi (plural)

(Standard Malay)

the act of regulating or the condition of being regulated.

(law, government) a type of law made by the executive branch of government, usually by virtue of a statute made by the legislative branch giving the executive the authority to do so.


perhubungan

Affixed hubung + per- -an, from Malay perhubungan.
* Displaced Dutch verhouding (“relation, connection”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

sl

transportation: the act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc.


hubungan

relation, relationship, connection, link.


pengangkutan

transportation: the act of transporting.


relasi

rélasi (canonical)
relasi-relasi (plural)

From Dutch relatie, from French relation, from Old French relacion, from Latin relātiō.


pakuncen

From Javanese ꦥꦏꦸꦚ꧀ꦕꦺꦤ꧀ (pakuncén), from Hindi कुंजी (kuñjī, “key”), from Sanskrit कुञ्चिका (kuñcikā). Equivalent to kunci + peng- -an. Doublet of penguncian.


drakor

Blend of drama (“drama”) + Korea (“Korea(n)”).


pelayanan

pêlayanan (canonical)
pelayanan-pelayanan (plural)

(literally) an act of being of assistance to someone.

(Christianity) a religious rite or ritual.

(Christianity) ministry: work of a spiritual or charitable nature.


swakendali

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + kendali (“control”). Calque of English self-control.


swakontradiksi

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + kontradiksi (“contradiction”). Calque of English self-contradiction.


swakritik

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + kritik (“criticism”). Calque of English self-criticism.


purnasarjana

(education, dated) Synonym of pascasarjana


Isaril

From Arabic إِسْرَائِيل (ʔisrāʔīl). Doublet of Israel.

der

Arabic إِسْرَائِيل (ʔisrāʔīl)


bansos

bantuan sosial
bantuan sosial#Indonesian

Acronym of bantuan sosial (“social assistance”).


bantuan sosial

bantuan (“assistance”) + sosial (“social”).

compound

charity, typically referring to charitable organizations, provided on the basis of social assistance, see welfare.


asdos

(education) Acronym of asisten dosen (“assistant lecturer”).


asisten dosen

asisten (“assistant”) + dosen (“lecturer”)


swaperiksa

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + periksa (“check”). Calque of English self-checking.


bakar uang

(figurative) promotional strategies in the form of offers of cash returns, free shipping, and so on, which are usually done by startup companies to get loyal customers, see burn rate.


berita acara

id-noun

bêrita acara (plural berita-berita acara)

bêrita acara (canonical)
berita-berita acara (plural)

Compound of berita (“report”) + acara (“court examination”).

com+

(law) complaint, law enforcement account or report


ikhtisar

From Arabic اِخْتِصَار (iḵtiṣār, “summary”).


deviasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch deviatie, from Middle French deviation, from Medieval Latin deviatio.

the act of deviating; wandering off the correct or true path or road; a departure from the correct way of acting.

the state or result of having deviated; a transgression; an act of sin; an error; an offense.

(statistics) for interval variables and ratio variables, a measure of difference between the observed value and the mean.

(sociology) deviance: Actions or behaviors that violate formal and informal cultural norms such as laws and customs.


singkat cerita

long story short
long story short#English


fasilitas

Learned borrowing from Latin facilitās. Doublet of fakultas.

the physical means or contrivances to make something (especially a public service) possible; the required equipment, infrastructure, location etc.

an institution specially designed for a specific purpose, such as incarceration, military use, or scientific experimentation.


swabayar

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + bayar (“pay”), from English self-checkout.


swadarma

From Sanskrit स्वधर्म (svadharma). Equivalent to swa- (“self-, auto-”) + darma.


swapikir

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + pikir (“thinking”). Calque of English self-thinking.


swauji

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + uji (“test”). Calque of English self-test.


kepsek

kepala sekolah
kepala sekolah#Indonesian

(colloquial) Acronym of kepala sekolah (“headteacher, principal”).


swacinta

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + cinta (“love”). Calque of English self-love.


nonelektrik

From English nonelectric as prefix non- + elektrik.


nonfisik

From English nonphysical as prefix non- + fisik.


nonfiskal

From English nonfiscal as prefix non- + fiskal.


simpangan baku

Compound of simpangan (“deviation”) + baku (“standard”), calque of English standard deviation or Dutch standaarddeviatie.

compound

standard deviation
standard deviation#English


lerai

From Malay lerai, Unknown, probably from Hindi लड़ाई (laṛāī, “fight, argument”).


abikara

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦶꦏꦫ (abikara, “civil servant”), from Sanskrit अभिकर (abhikara, “executor, performer”) (अभि (abhi) + कर (kara)).


adangiyah

From Javanese ꦲꦢꦔꦶꦪꦃ (adangiyah), ꦲꦢꦮꦶꦪꦃ (adawiyah).


adegan

adêgan (canonical)
adegan-adegan (plural)

Affixed adeg + -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦢꦼꦒꦤ꧀ (adegan). Semantic loan from English scene for “a part of a dramatic work” sense.

The appearance of a new character or a change in arrangement (screen) at a wayang show.

(theater, film, television, radio) scene (part of a dramatic work that is set in the same place or time)


pamer

Inherited from Malay ڤامير (pamér, “to show off”) (Java Malay), from Javanese ꦥꦩꦺꦂ (pamèr, “to show off”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">pamér</i>


adilaga

Affixed adi- + laga, borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦢꦶꦭꦒ (adilaga).


aerosolisasi

Affixed aero- + *sol + -isasi, from English aerosolisation, aerosolization.


afogato

From English affogato, from Italian affogato (“poached”).

affogato: a drink or dessert (especially ice-cream) topped with espresso and sometimes a caramel or chocolate sauce


swatanam

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + tanam (“sow”).


swadidik

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + didik (“educate”). Calque of English self-educated.


swalatih

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + latih (“train”). Calque of English self-trained.


swaajar

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + ajar (“teach”). Calque of English self-taught.


swadorong

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + dorong (“propel”). Calque of English self-propelled.


swadorong

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + dorong (“thrust”). Calque of English autothrust.


firdaus

From Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah. Doublet of paradiso.

garden, Elysium, Eden, heaven, Heaven, paradise


kayangan

* From Malay kayangan. Equivalent to hyang + ke- -an. Cognate to Toba Batak iang and Javanese ꦏꦪꦔꦤ꧀ (kayangan).
* Semantic loan from Balinese kayangan (ᬓᬬᬗᬦ᭄, “temple”), cf. above.


swapilih

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + pilih (“select”). Calque of English self-selection.


kedewaan

divinity: the state, position, or fact of being a god or God.


keindraan

Calque of Sanskrit इन्द्रलोक (indraloka, “svarga, paradise”, literally “world of Indra”) as indra + ke- -an.


suralaya

From Sanskrit सुरालय (surālaya, “heaven”) (सुर (sura, “god, sun”) + आलय (ālaya, “house, dwelling”)).


adnan

From Arabic عَدْن (ʕadn), from Biblical Hebrew עֵדֶן (éden), from Akkadian 𒂊𒁲𒉡 (/edinu/, “plain, lowland; wilds, steppes; land naturally irrigated, untouched fertile land”), from Sumerian 𒂔 (eden, “plain, open country”). Doublet of eden.


agnyana

From Old Javanese agnyana, probably from Sanskrit आगणन (āgaṇana, “estimate”) or ज्ञान (jñāna, “knowledge”).


akuafaba

From English aquafaba, from Latin aqua (“water”) + faba (“bean”).


albahdir

Perhaps from Portuguese alabardeiro (“halberdier”), from Italian alabarda.

(Ternate) the guard of the Sultan of Ternate.


candradimuka

Probably from Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra, “moon, excellent”) and मुख (mukha, “mouth, face, appearance”).

(figurative) a place for self-cultivation.


alat penolong

alat (“equipment”) + penolong (“rescuer”)


penolong

Affixed peng- + tolong, inherited from Malay penolong.

rescuer: a person who rescues someone or something.


alpeka

alat pemadam kebakaran
alat pemadam kebakaran#Indonesian

Acronym of alat pemadam kebakaran (“fire extinguisher”)..


alat pemadam kebakaran

alat (“equipment”) + pemadam kebakaran (“fire extinguisher”).

fire extinguisher
fire extinguisher#English


awang-awang

Reduplication of awang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *awaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *awaŋ (“atmosphere, space between earth and sky”).


menara api

Compound of menara (“tower”) + api (“fire”), calque of Dutch vuurtoren (“lighthouse”, literally “fire + tower”).


mercusuar

(figurative) monumental and prestigious project, specifically vanity project.


mercu

Unknown, probably from Sanskrit मृच् (mṛc), which is compound form of मृद् (mṛd, “earth, soil”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥dʰo-. For example, Sanskrit मृच्चय (mṛccaya, “a heap of earth”).


malapetaka

From Malay malapetaka, from Classical Malay malapetaka. Equivalent to
mala- + petaka.


bucin

(slang) acronym of budak cinta (“love-strucked person”, literally “love slave”).


cagak

intersection, branch
a thick and split brow line.

(figurative) allowance, support, sustenance, grant


kapal laut

From kapal (“ship”) + laut (“sea”), literally “sea ship”, likely to distinguish from other compounds such as kapal terbang (“airplane”, literally “flying ship”).


cangcimen

(acronym) kacang (“peanut”), kuaci, and permen (“candy”).


eksperimen

èkspêrimèn (canonical)
eksperimen-eksperimen (plural)

From Dutch experiment, from Old French experiment, from Latin experimentum.

experiment: a test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy of something previously untried.


cuci gudang

Compound of cuci (“to wash”) + gudang (“warehouse”), from English warehouse sales and English clearance.

(figurative, retail) warehouse sale or clearance: a sale of merchandise, especially at significantly reduced prices in order to make room for new merchandise or updated versions of the same merchandise.


dakwah

(Islam) dawah: Islamic proselytism, particularly through preaching.


hukum acara

Compound of hukum (“law”) + acara (“court examination”),
calque of Dutch procesrecht (“procedural law”, literally “trial law; court case law”).


jinayah

From Malay jenayah, from Arabic جِنَايَة (jināya, “felony, crime”).


kriminil

From Dutch crimineel, from Middle Dutch crimineel, from Middle French criminel, from Latin crīminālis. Doublet of kriminal.


ceramah

religious discourse; a spoken address on a religious matter; sermon.


dedapur

From partial initial reduplication of dapur (“kitchen”).

cupboard: a cabinet, closet, or other piece of furniture with shelves intended for storing cookware, dishware, or food; similar cabinets or closets used for storing other items.


dapur-dapur

From full reduplication of dapur (“kitchen”).

external part (of things, or parts of the body)


defiasi

Alternative spelling of deviasi (“deviation”)


dipertuan

From Malay dipertuan,
from Classical Malay dipertuan. Equivalent to diper- + tuan.


donatir

From Dutch donateur, from Middle French donateur, from Old French donnateur, from Latin dōnātor.

Alternative spelling of donatur (“donor”).


esens

From English essence, from French essence, from Latin essentia (“the being or essence of a thing”), from an artificial formation of esse (“to be”), to translate Ancient Greek οὐσία (ousía, “being”), from ὤν (ṓn), present participle of εἰμί (eimí, “I am, exist”). Doublet of esensi and esensial.

essence: an extract or concentrate obtained from a plant or other matter used for flavouring.


esensi

From Dutch essentie, from Latin essentia (“the being or essence of a thing”), from an artificial formation of esse (“to be”), to translate Ancient Greek οὐσία (ousía, “being”), from ὤν (ṓn), present participle of εἰμί (eimí, “I am, exist”). Doublet of esens and esensial.

essence: the inherent nature of a thing or idea.


esensial

From English essential, Late Latin essentiālis, from Latin essentia (“the being or essence of a thing”), from an artificial formation of esse (“to be”), to translate Ancient Greek οὐσία (ousía, “being”), from ὤν (ṓn), present participle of εἰμί (eimí, “I am, exist”). Doublet of esens and esensi.


ekstrak

From Dutch extract, from Latin extractum.

something that is extracted or drawn out.

(chemistry) a solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a plant (distinguished from an abstract).

(law) a certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the judgment therein, with an order for execution.


ekstraksi

From Dutch extractie, from French extraction, from Old French estraction, from Medieval Latin extractio.

an act of extracting or the condition of being extracted.

(chemistry) the separation of a substance from a matrix.

(mineralogy) resource extraction: the process of locating, acquiring and selling any resource

extraction:
a person's origin or ancestry.

something extracted, an extract, as from a plant or an organ of an animal etc.

(dentistry, medicine) an organ of human.

extract: a portion of a book or document, incorporated distinctly in another work; a citation; a quotation.

(law) forced adoption: removal of a child without the consent of his parents, and often against their wishes.


famplet

Alternative spelling of pamflet (“pamphlet”)


fakih

From Arabic فَقِيه (faqīh, “jurist and theologian, expert in Islamic jurisprudence”).

(Islam, law) faqih: an expert in Islamic law.


gancang

From Javanese ꦒꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ (gancang), probably from Classical Malay kěncaŋ (“taut”). Doublet of kencang (“fast”) and goncang (“to shake”).


kencang

From Malay kencang, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kcəŋ (“stretched, to stretch”). Doublet of gancang and goncang.


garis sempadan jalan

garis (“line”) + sempadan (“border”) + jalan (“road”).


senjata api

Compound of senjata (“arm”) + api (“fire”), calque of Dutch vuurwapen (“firearm”).


kembang tahu

kembang (“flower”) + tahu (“tofu”). The sense 'douhua' is a calque of Hokkien 豆花 (tāu-hoa).


tenakes

tenaga kesehatan
tenaga kesehatan#Indonesian

Acronym of tenaga kesehatan (“health worker, healthcare worker”).


rolade

From Dutch rollade, from French roulade, rouler (“to roll”), from Old French roler, ruele, roele (“small wheel”), from Medieval Latin rotulō, from Latin rotula.

(cooking) roulade: a slice of meat that is rolled up, stuffed, and cooked.


pileg

pemilihan legislatif
pemilihan legislatif#Indonesian

(government) acronym of pemilihan legislatif (“legislative election”).


pemilihan legislatif

pemilihan (“election”) + legislatif (“legislative”)

(government) Indonesian legislative elections.


pemilihan

Affixed pilih + peng- -an or peng- + pilihan, from Malay pemilihan.

selection: the process or act of selecting.

vote: an act or instance of participating in such a choice, e.g., by submitting a ballot

(government, politics) voting: action of the verb to vote.

(government, politics) election: a process of choosing a representative by popular vote.


pemilihan umum

pemilihan (“election”) + umum (“general”)

general election
general election#English

(government, politics) general election.


pemilu

pemilihan umum
pemilihan umum#Indonesian

(government, politics) Acronym of pemilihan umum (“general election”).


pluralistis

From Dutch pluralistisch (“pluralistic”).


seperitus

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of spiritus (“methylated spirit”)


sepiritus

(nonstandard) Alternative spelling of methylated spirit: