adjektif

From Dutch adjectief, from Middle French adjectif, from Latin adiectīvus.

(linguistics, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of adjektiva (“adjective”).


diskriminasi

From Dutch discriminatie, from Latin discrīminātiō, discrīminātiōnem, the action noun to discrīminō, discrīmināre (“distinguish”).

discrimination, distinct treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage.


riil

From Dutch reëel, from Middle French reel, from Old French reel, from Latin reālis, from Latin rēs (“matter, thing”), from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁ís (“wealth, goods”). Doublet of real.

der

teori siklus bisnis riil


awatara

Borrowed from Balinese ᬅᬯᬢᬵᬭ (awatara), from Old Javanese awatāra, from Sanskrit अवतार (avatāra, “descent of a deity from a heaven”). Doublet of avatar.

(Hinduism) avatar (the incarnation of a deity, particularly Vishnu)


lansir

From Dutch lanceer, lanceren, from French lancer, ultimately from Latin lancēre. Doublet of lancar.


amalaka

From Sanskrit आमलक (āmalaka, “emblic, Indian gooseberry”).

(archaeology) amalaka: a segmented or notched stone disk, usually with ridges on the rim, that sits on the top of a Hindu temple's shikhara or main tower.


anugrahamurti

From Sanskrit अनुग्रहमूर्ति (anugrahamūrti) (अनुग्रह (anugraha) + मूर्ति (mūrti)).

अनुग्रहमूर्ति

(archaeology) boon-conferring aspects of Shiva.


artifak

Nonstandard spelling of artefak (“artifact”).


arupadatu

From Sanskrit आरूपधातु (ārūpadhātu, “formless realm”) (आ (ā) + रूप (rūpa) + धातु (dhātu).


imigrasi

immigration, the act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a country of which one is not native born for the purpose of permanent residence.

Direktorat Jendral Imigrasi


literatur

From Dutch literatuur, from French littérature, from Latin litteratura, from littera (“letter”), from Etruscan, from Ancient Greek διφθέρᾱ (diphthérā, “tablet”). Doublet of daftar, difteri, and leter.


agustusan

independence day
independence day#English

(colloquial) about Indonesian independence day celebration


irigasi

From Dutch irrigatie, from French irrigation, from Latin irrigātiō.

irrigation, the act or process of irrigating, or the state of being irrigated; especially, the operation of causing water to flow over lands, for nourishing plants.


ampun

From Malay ampun, from Classical Malay امڤون (ampun, “pardon”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampun.


belanja

Ultimately derived from Pali valañja (“that which is spent or secreted”).
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦧ꧀ꦭꦚ꧀ꦗ (blanja) for "to spend, to pay out" sense.

sl

expense (a spending or consuming, often a disbursement of funds)

the act of expending money or paying out

expenditure
the amount of expended money

(rare) salary; wages (one's total income for a time period)


bekal

Inherited from Malay bekal, from Old Javanese bĕkĕl.

(colloquial) capital, money and wealth or goods as a factor of production.


fesyen

fésyên (canonical)
fesyen-fesyen (plural)

From Malay fesyen, from English fashion, from Middle English facioun, from Anglo-Norman fechoun (compare Jersey Norman faichon), variant of Old French faceon, fazon, façon (“fashion, form, make, outward appearance”), from Latin factiō (“a making”), from faciō (“do, make”). Doublet of faksi and fatsun.

Hishiro merupakan salah satu konglomerat fesyen yang paling terkemuka pada abad 2040an.

Hishiro is one of the most notable fashion conglomerates in the 2040s.


garisan

From garis + -an. Semantic loan from Javanese ꦒꦫꦶꦱꦤ꧀ (garisan, “ruler”) for ruler sense.

(dialectal) ruler (a, flat, rectangular measuring or drawing device)


tenang

calm, composed, still, collected, imperturbable


kandang

From Malay kandang, from Classical Malay kandang (“grave”).

pen, an enclosure (enclosed area) used to contain domesticated animals

stable, a building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) animals.

cage, an enclosure made of bars to hold animals.

coop: a basket, pen or enclosure for birds or small animals.

an enclosure area or structure
(archaic) arena

an enclosure area or structure
(colloquial) garage


alkes

alat kesehatan
alat kesehatan#Indonesian

Acronym of alat kesehatan (“medical device”).


alat kesehatan

Compound of alat (“tool”) + kesehatan (“medical”), calque of English medical device

Semua obat/alat kesehatan pasien rawat inap didistribusikan ke nurse station.

All drug or medical device for inpatients are distributed to nurse station.


daerah operasi militer

id-noun

daerah operasi militer (plural daerah-daerah operasi militer)

daerah (“area”) + operasi (“operation”) + militer (“military”)


fanservis

Compound of fan + servis, from English fanservice, from Japanese ファンサービス (fansābisu), from English fan + service.

(chiefly ACG) The inclusion in a work of fiction of material, especially of a racy or sexual nature, which may or may not have relevance to the storyline and is designed merely to excite the viewer.

(idol fandom) Special interactions from idols to their fans.


rezim

From Dutch regime, from French régime, from Latin regimen (“direction, government”).

a form of government, or the government in power.

undemocratic political order or government.


keluarga berencana

Compound of keluarga (“family”) + berencana (“have plan”), calque of English family planning.

family planning, birth control, especially when carried out by monogamous heterosexual couples..


kimci

Learned borrowing from Korean 김치 (gimchi), derived from Korean 침채 (chimchae), from semantic loan of 沈菜 (“soaked vegetables”).

lbor

(cooking) kimchi, a Korean dish made of vegetables, such as cabbage or radishes, that are salted, seasoned, and stored in sealed containers to undergo lactic acid fermentation.


narkoba

obat terlarang
obat terlarang#Indonesian

abbreviation of narkotika, psikotropika, dan obat terlarang (“narcotics, psychotropics and illegal drugs”).


orang besar

From orang (“person”) + besar (“big”), literally “big person”. Compare to Chinese 大人 (dàrén).


orang kecil

orang (“person”) + kecil (“small”). Compare to Chinese 小人 (xiǎorén).


klapertar

From Dutch klapper (“coconut”) + taart (“pie, cake”).

compound

klappertaart, a Dutch-influenced Indonesian cake originating from Manado, North Sulawesi.


mokbang

Learned borrowing from Korean 먹방 (meokbang, “mukbang”, literally “eating broadcast”), blend of 먹— (meok-, “to eat”) + 방 (放, bang) (short for 방송 (放送, bangsong, “broadcast”)).

lbor

mukbang, an online video broadcast in which a person eats while interacting with their audience.


bergejala

bergejala (canonical)
bêrgêjala (canonical)


gonore

From Dutch gonorroe, from Latin gonorrhoea (perhaps via German Gonorrhoe, Gonorrhö), from Ancient Greek γονόῥροια (gonórrhoia), from γόνος (gónos, “sperm”) + ῥέω (rhéō, “flow”), due the mucus having been mistaken for semen.

gonorrhea (American), gonorrhoea (British), a STD caused by a species of bacteria (the gonococcus) that affects the mucous membrane of the genital and urinary tracts.


wibawa

From Malay wibawa, from Javanese wibawa, from Old Javanese wibhawa, from Sanskrit विभव (vibhava, “majesty”).


kelir

From Malay kelir, from Javanese ꦏꦼꦭꦶꦂ (kelir, “screen”), from Old Javanese kĕlir (“screen”).

screen, the viewing surface or area of a movie, or moving picture or slide presentation.


kelir

From Dutch kleur, from late Middle Dutch coleur, from Middle French couleur, from Latin color.


mufakat

From Arabic مُوَافَقَة (muwāfaqa, “agreement”).


netral

From Dutch neutral, from late Middle Dutch neutrael, from Middle French neutral, from Old French neutral, from Latin neutrālis, itself from neuter (“neither”).

PNS harus netral.

not taking sides in a conflict such as war; nonaligned.

Kondisi netral ditunjukkan dengan nilai pH 7.

A neutral condition is indicated by pH 7.

(chemistry) neutral, neither acid nor alkali.

neutral,
neutral, neither acid nor alkali.

(physics) neither positive nor negative; possessing no charge or equivalent positive and negative charge such that there is no imbalance.

(linguistics) neuter, neither masculin nor feminine.


panenan

the yield of harvesting, i.e., the gathered crops or fruits.

the season of gathering ripened crops; specifically, the time of reaping and gathering grain.


perlip

From Dutch verlief (infinitive verlieven (“to fall in love”)).


perlup

From Dutch verloof, verloven (“to get engaged”).

(colloquial) to get engagement (the period of time when marriage is planned or promised).


pulkam

pulang kampung
pulang kampung#Indonesian


istal

From Dutch stal (“stable”), from Middle Dutch stal, from Old Dutch *stal, from Proto-Germanic *stallaz.

stable, a building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) animals with hoofs, especially horses.


dongker

From Dutch donker, from Middle Dutch donker, dunker, from Old Dutch *dunkal, from Proto-Germanic *dunkalaz, *dunkaraz.

biru dongker


gambut

id-noun

gambut (countable and uncountable, plural gambut-gambut)

From Banjarese gambut. Attested before 1950.


skuad

From English squad, from French escouade, from Italian squadra (“square”).

(colloquial) squad, a group of people organized for some common purpose, usually of about ten members.


setem

From Dutch stem, from Middle Dutch stemme, from Old Dutch *stemma, from Proto-Germanic *stebnō, *stamnijō.


setem

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


eskalasi

èskalasi (canonical)
eskalasi-eskalasi (plural)

From English escalation, influenced by Dutch escalatie.


perikanan

Sarjana Perikanan


kejadian

(probability theory, statistics) event: a set of outcomes to which a probability is assigned


kejadian

(colloquial) Alternative form of jadi (“happen, done”)

(colloquial) Alternative form of terjadi (“to happen, to occur”)


konvensi

konvènsi (canonical)
konvensi-konvensi (plural)

From earlier konpensi, from Dutch conventie. Cognate to Afrikaans konvensie.

custom: a practice or procedure widely observed in a group, especially to facilitate social interaction.

Konvensi itu dapat berbentuk bilateral dan multilateral.

The convention can be bilateral and multilateral.

(international law) a treaty or supplement to such.

convention,
a treaty or supplement to such.

Pusat konvensi disulap menjadi rumah sakit lapangan.

A convention centre is refurbished into field hospital.

a formal deliberative assembly of mandated delegates.


komitmen

komitmen (canonical)
komitmên (canonical)

the act or an instance of committing, putting in charge, keeping, or trust.

promise or agreement to do something in the future.

being bound emotionally or intellectually to a course of action or to another person or persons.


cikuwa

From Japanese 竹輪(ちくわ) (chikuwa, “chikuwa”, literally “bamboo ring”).

ja-r

chikuwa (a tube-shaped fish-paste cake from Japan)


KLB

(epidemiology) Initialism of kejadian luar biasa (“disease outbreak”, literally “extraordinary event”).

kejadian luar biasa

koefisien luas bangunan
koefisien luas bangunan#Indonesian

(civil engineering) Initialism of koefisien luas bangunan (literally “building floor coefficient”).

(rail transport) Initialism of kereta luar biasa.


klise

From Dutch cliché, from French cliché, past participle of clicher (“to stereotype, (originally) to copy”, literally “to click, clink”), from Middle French clicher, from Old French cliquer (“to click, clack, sound, resound”), of Germanic origin.

der

(printing) a stereotype (printing plate).

(figurative) something, most often a phrase or expression, that is overused or used outside its original context, so that its original impact and meaning are lost. A trite saying; a platitude


gelap

gêlap (canonical)
tergelap (superlative)

From Malay gelap, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gelap (“dim, obscure”), from Proto-Austronesian *gelap (“dim, obscure”).

inh

having an absolute or (more often) relative lack of light.

dull or deeper in hue; not bright or light.

dark
(figurative) hidden, secret, obscure.


tabulampot

tanaman buah dalam pot
tanaman buah dalam pot#Indonesian

Acronym of tanaman buah dalam pot (“fruity plant in pot”).


rumboter

rumboter (canonical)
rumbotêr (canonical)

butter, made by churning the cream of milk


konter

kontêr (canonical)
konter-konter (plural)

From English counter. Doublet of komputer and kantor.

counter, a table or board on which money is counted and over which business is transacted; a shop tabletop on which goods are examined, weighed or measured.


konter

From English counter. Doublet of kontra.


aparatur

From Dutch apparatuur, from German Apparatur, from Latin apparātūra.

Pemerintah tegaskan larangan mudik bagi aparatur sipil negara

Government affirm mudik ban for government civil apparatus.

apparatus, staff who work directly on maintaining operations; in particular those of a bureaucracy.


iuran

From Malay yuran, iuran, from Classical Malay يورن (yuran), ااورن (iuran).

Pemerintah naikkan iuran kesehatan.


sirkulasi

From Dutch circulatie, from French circulation, from Latin circulatio.


sekilwak

sekilwak (canonical)
sêkilwak (canonical)

From Dutch schildwacht, schild (“shield”) + wacht (“watch, guard”).

compound

Sekilwak-sekilwak dan opsier-opsier tengoq sadja kaloewar benteng, tetapi tida kelihatan tida kedengaran satoe apa.

1891, Lt. J.P. Schoemaker, translated by Lt. H. Aars, Tjerita-tjerita dari Negeri Atjee, Tjerita Dari Satoe Setan:

The guards and the officers looked out of the fort, but none were seen nor heard.

(archaic) guard, especially in a military or paramilitary context.


sekaut

From Dutch schout, from Middle Dutch schout, shortened from earlier scoutete, scouthete, from Old Dutch skolthēti, from Proto-West Germanic *skuldihaitijō.

(archaic) sheriff, bailiff, an official in charge of a police force.


religi

From Dutch religie, from Middle Dutch religie, earlier also religioen, from Old French religion, from Latin religiō.

religion, system of beliefs dealing with soul, deity and/or life after death.


regisur

From Dutch regisseur, from French régisseur.


proletar

proletar (canonical)
prolêtar (canonical)

From Dutch proletaar, proletariër, from French prolétaire, from Latin prōlētārius.

(Standard Malay)

proletarian, a member of the proletariat.


portir

From Dutch portier, from Middle Dutch portier, from Old French portier, from Late Latin portārius.


polmah

From Dutch volmacht, from Middle Dutch volmacht.

power of attorney
power of attorney#English

the legal authorisation of one person to act as the agent of another.

a legal document allowing one person to act as the agent of another.


plombir

From Dutch plomberen, from French plomber.


perbal

pêrbal (canonical)
perbal-perbal (plural)

From Dutch verbaal, from Middle French verbal, from Latin verbālis. Doublet of verbal.

(colloquial, law) complaint, law enforcement account or report


pelesir

From Dutch plezier, from Middle French plaisir, from Old French plaisir, from Latin placeō. Compare to Afrikaans plesier.

pleasure, a person, thing or action that causes enjoyment.


patroli

From Dutch patrouille, from Middle French patrouille, from Old French patrouille. Compare to Afrikaans patrollie.

guards who go the rounds for observation.


otomat

From Dutch automaat, from French automate, from Ancient Greek αὐτόματον (autómaton), neuter of αὐτόματος (autómatos, “self moving, self willed”).


ordonansi

From Dutch ordonnantie, from French ordonnance, from Medieval Latin ordinantia, from ordinans.


okupasi

From Dutch occupatie, from French occupation, from Latin occupātio, occupātiōnem.

the act, process or state of possessing a place.

the control of a country or region by a hostile army.


orisinal

* From earlier spelling orisinil, from Dutch origineel, from French originel, from Latin orīginālis.
* Influenced by Latin orīginālis.


montir

mechanic, someone who builds or repairs machinery, a technician; now specifically, someone who works with and repairs the mechanical parts of a motor vehicle, aircraft or similar.


mortir

From Dutch mortier, from Middle Dutch mortier, from Middle French mortier, from Old French [Term?], from Latin mortārium. Doublet of mortar.

mortar, a muzzle-loading, indirect fire weapon with a tube length of 10 to 20 calibers and designed to lob shells at very steep trajectories.


rapuh

Inherited from Malay rapuh, from Classical Malay راڤوه (rapuh), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀapuq.

fragile, brittle, crunchy; crumbles or breaks easily, fluid (of a situation)


tungau

Inherited from Malay tungau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuŋaw (“tiny red itch mite”).

inh

mite (any of many minute arachnids of the subclass Acarina)

tungau anjing

eyelash mite, face mite, skin mite, Demodex canis


masinis

From Dutch machinist, from French machiniste.

A machine-operator, engineer; notably:
locomotive operator

A machine-operator, engineer; notably:
steam engines operator on a vessel


syahid

From Malay syahid, from Classical Malay syahid, from Arabic شَهِيد (šahīd, “witness, martyr”).


makelar

From Dutch makelaar, from Middle Dutch makelare, from Old Frisian mek (“to marry”), from maken (“to make”). Compare German Makler.


mitraliur

From Dutch mitrailleur, from French mitrailleur (“machine-gunner”).


inang

(Standard Malay)

(ecology) a cell or organism which harbors another organism or biological entity, usually a parasite.

(evolution, genetics) an organism bearing certain genetic material, with respect to its cells.


milisi

From Dutch militie, from French milice, from Latin militia.

militia, an army of trained civilians, which may be an official reserve army, called upon in time of need, the entire able-bodied population of a state which may also be called upon, or a private force not under government control.


kontrolir

From Dutch controleur, from French contrôleur.


konstruksi

From Dutch constructie, from Middle Dutch constructie, from Old French construction, from Latin cōnstructiō, from cōnstruere (present active infinitive of cōnstruō) + tiō.

The process or manner of constructing or building.

Anything that has been constructed or built.

construction:
The trade of building structures.

(art) A (usually non-representational) structure, such as a collage etc

(grammar) A group of words arranged to form a meaningful phrase.

(geometry) A geometric figure of arcs and line segments that is drawable with a straightedge and compass.


konstruksi

head

konstruksi (active mengonstruksi, passive dikonstruksi, perfective passive terkonstruksi)

mengonstruksi (active)
dikonstruksi (passive)
terkonstruksi (passive perfective)

To build or form (something) by assembling parts.

(grammar) To build (a sentence, an argument, etc.) by arranging words or ideas.

(geometry) To draw (a geometric figure) by following precise specifications and using geometric tools and techniques.


kompor

From Dutch komfoor, from Picard cauffoir, from Middle French [Term?] (French chauffoir), from Vulgar Latin calefare, from Latin calēre (“heat”) + facere (“make, do”).

...kompor Nurhayati juga hilang terbawa banjir.

Nurhayati's stove was lost during the flood.

Media penyiaran, khususnya televisi, berita jangan jadi 'kompor'....

Broadcasting media, specifically television, do not make news as provocation....

(colloquial, figurative) provocateur, provocation.


kondisi

→ Tetum: kondisi

From Dutch conditie, from Old French condicion (French condition), from Latin condicio.

condition:
the requirement or requisite.


komisaris

desc

→ Hokkien: 公勃些里 (kong-pu̍t-sia-lí), 公勃卅里 (kong-pu̍t-sa̍p-lí)

From Dutch commissaris, from Middle Dutch commissarijs, from Medieval Latin commissārius. Doublet of komisar and komisioner.

someone commissioned to perform certain duties.

(government) an official in charge of a government department, especially a police force.

(politics) commissar, an official of a political party.


komendur

komêndur (canonical)
komendur-komendur (plural)

From Dutch commandeur, from French commandeur, from Old French comandeor.

(nautical) harbormaster (US), harbourmaster (UK)


komanditer

komanditèr (canonical)
komanditer-komanditer (plural)

From Dutch commanditair, from French commanditaire.


kolportir

From Dutch colporteur, from French colporteur.

(archaic) colporteur, a peddler of publications


kolone

kolonê (canonical)
kolone-kolone (plural)

From Dutch colonne, from French colonne, from Old French colonne, columne, from Latin columna. Doublet of kolom.

(military) column: a body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.


kerun

From Dutch kroon, from Middle Dutch crône, from Old Dutch corōna, from Latin corōna. Doublet of korona.


kelos

From Dutch klos, from Middle Dutch closse.


kartotek

From Dutch cartotheek, from French cartothèque.

A collection of maps, a cartographic library.


apneu

From Dutch apneu, from the New Latin apnoea, from the Ancient Greek ἄπνοια (ápnoia), formed from ἀ- (a-, “absence of”) + πνοή (pnoḗ, “breathing”).

(emergency medicine) alternative spelling of apnea (“apnea; apnoea”).


bokin

(slang, Prokem, dated) A female partner in an unmarried romantic relationship; girlfriend.


kapitulasi

From Dutch capitulatie, from French capitulation.

capitulation, the act of capitulating or surrendering to an enemy upon stipulated terms; the act of ceasing to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand.


kanvas

From Dutch canvas, from Middle Dutch canevas, from Old Northern French canevas, from Latin cannabis, from Ancient Greek κάνναβις (kánnabis). Doublet of kanabis and kampas.

canvas, a piece of canvas cloth on which one may paint.


isolasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch isolatie, from French isolation.

the state of being isolated, detached, or separated.

the state of being away from other people.

(medicine) the separation of a patient, suffering from a contagious disease, from contact with others.

(chemistry) the obtaining of an element from one of its compounds, or of a compound from a mixture.

(physics, engineering, electricity) insulation, a medium in which it is possible to maintain an electrical field with little supply of energy from additional sources.


introdusir

From Dutch introduceer, introduceren, from Latin intrōdūcō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁énteros (“inner, what is inside”) and *dewk-.

der

(colloquial) introduction, the act or process of to cause (someone) to be acquainted (with someone else).


interpelasi

intêrpèlasi (canonical)
interpelasi-interpelasi (plural)

Affixed inter- + *pelasi, from Dutch interpellatie, from Middle French interpellation, from Latin interpellatio.

(government, politics) interpellation, the act of interpellating (questioning); the period in which government officials are questioned about and explain an act, a policy or a point raised during a debate.


internir

internir (canonical)
intêrnir (canonical)

From Dutch interner, from French interner.

to intern, to imprison somebody, usually without trial.


instalasi

From Dutch installatie, from Middle French installation, from Medieval Latin installatio.


imitasi

From Dutch imitatie, from French imitation.

imitation, a copy or simulation; something that is not the real thing.


adidaya

Affixed adi- + daya, calque of English superpower.


menjadikan

From Malay menjadikan,
from Classical Malay menjadikan. Equivalent to
jadi + meng- -kan.


melanggar

From Malay melanggar, from Classical Malay melanggar, equivalent to meng- + langgar.


berumah

From Malay berumah,
from Classical Malay berumah. Equivalent to
ber- + rumah.


pelanggar

pêlanggar (canonical)
pelanggar-pelanggar (plural)

(Standard Malay)


pelanggaran

Affixed langgar + per- -an, the sense in law is a semantic loan from Dutch overtreding.

violation, infringement, offense, transgression


masukan

masuk + -an. Semantic loan from English input.

input:
(literally) that which is put in.

contribution of information, as an opinion or advice.

input:
(computing) data fed into a process


kacang parang

id-noun

kacang parang (plural kacang-kacang parang)

From Acehnese kacang parang (“sword jackbean”). Equivalent to kacang (“bean”) + parang (“parang”).

bor

Canavalia gladiata
wikispecies:Canavalia gladiata

Canavalia ensiformis
wikispecies:Canavalia ensiformis


bayam

(zoology) Diana's hogfish (Bodianus diana).

(zoology) Redfin hogfish (Bodianus dictynna).


oyong

Luffa acutangula
Luffa acutangula#Translingual


kelompok

kêlompok (canonical)
kelompok-kelompok (plural)

From Malay kelompok, from Classical Malay kelompok.

(anthropology, politics) a number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.


pihak

From Malay pihak, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *piqak (“to split, separate sections”) or (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pihak (“one side, one half”). Cognate with Javanese ꦥꦶꦲꦏ꧀, ꦥꦺꦲꦏ꧀ (pihak, péhak), Old Javanese pihakan (“one side, one half”), Tausug pihak (“tribe; clan”).

cog

ꦥꦶꦲꦏ꧀, ꦥꦺꦲꦏ꧀

pihak kiri

parties: certain groups or sets of people.


bidang

field, as in a field of work, an academic field

(geometry) a flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane).

(anatomy) plane: an imaginary plane which divides the body into two portions.


bidang

Classifier for broad objects like field or paddy field.


gradasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch gradatie, from French gradation.

gradation: a passing by small degrees from one tone or shade, as of color, to another.


geripir

From Dutch griffier, from French greffier, from Medieval Latin graphiārius (“scribe, secretary”), from graphium (“stylus”).

der

(law) registrar (official keeper of records)


setrat

From Dutch straat, from Middle Dutch strate, *stret (in toponyms), from Old Dutch strāta, from Proto-West Germanic *strātu (“street”), from Latin strāta, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to stretch out, extend, spread”). Doublet of strata and stratum.

(transport, road, colloquial) carriageway, roadway; avenue, main road.


serbet

From Dutch servet, from Middle French serviette.

a napkin; a serviette; a (usually rectangular) piece of cloth or paper used at the table for wiping the mouth and hands for cleanliness while.


tegal

From Malay tegal,
from Classical Malay tegal.


baduk

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">baduk</i>


baduk

Borrowed from Javanese [Term?]. Doublet of badug

low wall that is usually used as a place to sit and relax and look at people passing by in front of the house


kamisa

From Spanish camisa, from Old Spanish camisa, from Late Latin camisia, from Transalpine Gaulish, of Germanic origin, from Proto-Germanic *hamiþiją, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱam- (“cover, clothes”). Doublet of kemeja.


jisim

From Malay jisim, from Arabic جِسْم (jism).


maglub

something which has been defeated, something which has been conquered


testamen

testamen (canonical)
tèstamèn (canonical)

From Dutch testament, from Middle Dutch testament, from Old French testament, from Latin testāmentum (“the publication of a will, a will, testament”).


tendensi

tendensi (canonical)
tèndènsi (canonical)

From Dutch tendentie, from French tendance, from Latin tendere / tendō.


sukses

From Dutch succes, from French succès (“success”), from Latin successus, past participle of succedere, from sub and cēdere (“withdraw, yield”).


sintetis

sintetis (canonical)
sintètis (canonical)

synthetic,
of, or relating to synthesis.

(chemistry) produced by synthesis instead of being isolated from a natural source (but may be identical to a product so obtained).


sintetik

sintetik (canonical)
sintètik (canonical)


setek

From Dutch stek, from Middle Dutch stec.

cutting: a leaf, stem, branch, or root removed from a plant and cultivated to grow a new plant.


setat

From Dutch staat, from Middle Dutch staet, from Old French estat, from Latin status. Doublet of status.


seleksi

From Dutch selectie, from Latin sēlēctiō.

selection, choice (that which has been selected)


sekeram

From Dutch scherm, from Middle Dutch scherm, from Old Dutch skirm, from Proto-Germanic *skirmiz.


sapir

From Dutch sappeur, from Middle French sappeur.

(archaic) sapper, one who saps; specifically, one who is employed in working at saps, building and repairing fortifications, and the like. Often known as a combat engineer or military engineer.


restriksi

restriksi (canonical)
rèstriksi (canonical)

From Dutch restrictie, from Middle French restriction, from Old French restriction, borrowed from Late Latin restrictio, restrictionem, from Latin restringo.


restorasi

réstorasi (canonical)
restorasi-restorasi (plural)

Inherited from Malay restorasi, from Dutch restauratie, from Latin restauratio.

(rail transport) buffet at a railway car.


respek

From Dutch respect, from Middle French respect, from Latin respectus.


resimen

résimèn (canonical)
resimen-resimen (plural)

From Dutch regiment, from Middle French regement, régiment, and its source, Late Latin regimentum (“direction for government; course of medical treatment”), from Latin regō, regere (“rule”).


reserse

From Dutch recherche (“criminal investigation”), from French recherche (“research”). Doublet of riset (“research”).

bor

(direktorat reserse

(law enforcement) criminal investigation police


resepsi

From Dutch receptie, from French réception, from Latin receptiō, receptiōnem (“the act of receiving; reception”).

der

reception, a social engagement, usually to formally welcome someone.


repetisi

repetisi (canonical)
répêtisi (canonical)

From Dutch repetitie, from French répétition.


Malingsia

Blend of maling (“thief”) + Malaysia, referring to Indonesian nationalist views about Malaysia as stealing Indonesian traditions and cuisine.

(slang, derogatory, offensive, ethnic slur) Malaysia, Malaysian.


Malingsial

(ethnic slur, derogatory, Internet slang, offensive) a Malaysian, a native of Malaysia.


pelpolisi

pelpolisi (canonical)
pèlpolisi (canonical)


medali

mêdali (canonical)
medali-medali (plural)

From Dutch medaille, from French médaille, from Italian medaglia, from Late Latin medalia (“half a denarius”) for mediālia.

medal, a stamped metal disc used as a personal ornament, a charm, or a religious object.


lisensi

From Dutch licentie, from Old French licence, from Latin licentia (“license”), from licens, present participle of licere (“to be allowed, be allowable”).

license (American), licence (British), a legal document giving official permission to do something; a permit.


permen

Probably from Dutch pepermunt (“peppermint”) in association with peppermint stick. Doublet of pepermin.


permen

peraturan menteri
peraturan menteri#Indonesian

(law, government) acronym of peraturan menteri (“ministerial regulation”).


opseter

Borrowed from Dutch opzichter (“overseer, supervisor”).


lektur

From Dutch lectuur (“reading”), from French lecture, from Late Latin lēctūra, feminine of Classical Latin lēctūrus.

reading, something to read; reading material.

speech, a session of speaking, especially a long oral message given publicly by one person.


leding

The pipes, together with the joints, tanks, stopcocks, taps and other fixtures of a clean water system in a house or other building; plumbing.


kolese

kolésê (canonical)
kolese-kolese (plural)

From Dutch college, from Old French college, from Latin collegium. Doublet of kolegium.

a group sharing common purposes or goals, a corporate group; a group of colleagues.


kasir

From Dutch kassier, from French caissier, from French caisse.

cashier, one who works at a till or receives payments.


buas

From Malay buas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buas. Compare Acehnese buëh.

binatang buas


furnitur

From English furniture, from Middle French fourniture (“a supply, or the act of furnishing”).

der

piece of furniture
piece of furniture#English


dekorasi

dekorasi (canonical)
dèkorasi (canonical)

From Dutch decoratie, from French décoration, from Latin decoratio. Semantic loan from English decoration (“ornament”).


sembuh

to recover; to get better; to regain one's health; to restore to good health, consciousness, life etc.


bendesa

From Balinese ᬩᭂᬦ᭄ᬤᬾᬰ, from Sanskrit देश (deśa). Doublet of desa.


bencana

From Malay bencana, from Old Javanese bañcana, from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “deceiving, trickery”). Doublet of banci.


susila

From Sanskrit सुशील (suśīla, “gentleman-like”) of सु- (su-, “good”) + शील (śīla, “conduct”). Cognate of Javanese ꦱꦸꦱꦶꦭ (susila), Balinese ᬲᬸᬰᬶᬮ.


pendopo

From Javanese ꦥꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ (pendhapa, “Javanese hall”), from Old Javanese maṇḍapa (“open hall”), from Sanskrit मण्डप (maṇḍapa, “pavilion, temple”).

der

pendhapa, a large pavilion-like structure built on columns. Either square or rectangular in plan, it is open on all sides and provides shelter from the sun and rain, but allows breeze and indirect light.


nirmala

From Sanskrit निर्मल (nirmala). By surface analysis, nir- + mala.

(archaic) flawless, faultless, spotless.


galat

From Malay ralat, galat, from Classical Malay رالت (ralat), رالت (galat), from Arabic غَلَط (ḡalaṭ). Doublet of ralat.


perkasa

From Sanskrit प्रकाश (prakāśa, “the very best of something”). Doublet of perkosa.


perkosa

head

perkosa (active memerkosa, passive diperkosa)

Affixation of per- + *kosa (kuasa (“power”)), from ke- + *wasa, from Sanskrit वश (vaśa, “control; domination; desire”). Doublet of perkasa.
Compare to Sundanese prakosa (“mighty”), Javanese ꦥꦿꦏꦺꦴꦱ (prakosa, “mighty, powerful, strong”).

der

to rape (to force sexual intercourse or other penetrative sexual activity upon (someone) without their consent)


wedana

From Javanese ꦮꦼꦢꦤ (wedana), ꦮꦢꦤ (wadana), from Old Javanese wadana (“face; chief, head”), from Sanskrit वदन (vadana, “mouth, face”).


upeti

From Old Javanese upĕti, utpĕtti, utpĕti, utpati, utpatti (“origin, birth, incarnation; revenue, production; tribute”), from Prakrit (for example, Pali uppatti), from Sanskrit उत्पत्ति (utpatti, “profit, productiveness”). Cognate of Javanese ꦲꦸꦥꦼꦠꦶ (upeti, “tribute”).

(archaic) tribute, a payment made by one nation to another in submission.


pratama

From Javanese ꦥꦿꦠꦩ (pratama, “best”), from Sanskrit प्रथम (prathamá, “first, primary, original”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pratʰamás (“first, foremost”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós (“foremost”). Doublet of pertama.


pertapa

hermit (a religious recluse; someone who lives alone for religious reasons; an eremite)


setrip

From Dutch streep, from Middle Dutch strepe.

a long, relatively straight region of a single colour.

the badge worn by certain officers in the military or other forces.

scale, a line or bar associated with a drawing, used to indicate measurement when the image has been magnified or reduced.


PTM

(education) initialism of pembelajaran tatap muka (“face-to-face learning”).

(medicine, pathology) initialism of penyakit tidak menular (“non-communicable disease”).


nama lengkap

Compound of nama (“name”) + lengkap (“complete”), calque of Dutch volledige naam (“full name”) (volledige (“complete”) + naam (“name”)).


semesta

From Malay semesta, from Sanskrit समस्त (samasta, “total”).


kaveling

kavêling (canonical)
kaveling-kaveling (plural)

From Dutch kaveling, from Middle Dutch cavelinge.

A plot, a lot, a tract of land, especially in contexts of allotment or sale after draining a piece of land.


karkun

From Malay karkun, kerkum, from Classical Persian کار کن (kār-kun, “worker”), possibly through Hindustani.


sembahyang

inherited from Malay sembahyang, equivalent to sembah + hyang.

A practice of communicating with one's God.

The specific words or methods used for praying.


hasta karya

Compound of hasta (“hand”) + karya (“work”), calque of English handicraft.

handicraft, an artifact produced by handicraft.


lazuardi

From Malay lazuardi, from Persian لاجورد (lâjvard).

lapis lazuli (gem with reddish-blue color)


periuk

pêriuk (canonical)
periuk-periuk (plural)

Inherited from Malay periuk, from Proto-Austronesian *pariuk (“earthenware cooking pot”). Cognate with Paiwan pariuk, Sundanese pariuk and Tagalog palayok.


kueri

From English query, quere, from Latin quaere.

(computing) query, a set of instructions passed to a database.


tarikh

From Malay tarikh, from Arabic تَارِيخ (tārīḵ, “date, time”).

(rare) date, that which specifies the time of writing, inscription etc.

(rare) year, a period between set dates that mark a year.

(rare) calendar, any system by which time is divided into days, weeks, months, and years.


tetua

From Malay tetua, from Classical Malay tetua. Equivalent to reduplication of tua (“old”).

elder, an older person or an older member, usually a leader, of some community.

(biology) parent, an organism from which a plant or animal is immediately biologically descended.


legislasi

From Dutch legislatie, from Late Latin lēgislātiō (“the giving of the law”).

der

(government, law, politics) legislation, lawmaking.


jabatan

Affixed jabat + -an, from Malay jabatan (“office”). Doublet of jawatan.

Menteri meminta untuk tidak memberikan jabatan kepada para aparatur sipil negara (ASN) yang terpapar radikalisme, narkoba, serta korupsi

The minister asked to not appoint civil servant who exposed to radicalism, narcotics and corruption into the position.


jawatan

Affixed jawat + -an, from Malay jawatan (“position”). Doublet of jabatan.

Perusahaan Jawatan Kereta Api

Jawatan Kepolisian Negara


sekakmat

From Dutch schaakmat, from Old French eschec mat, from Persian شاه مات (“šâh mât, the king is dead”). Equivalent to syah + mati. Doublet of emat.


DKM

dewan kemakmuran masjid
dewan kemakmuran masjid#Indonesian

(Islam, Indonesia) Initialism of dewan kemakmuran masjid.


delinkuensi

From English delinquency, from Late Latin dēlinquentia, derived from Latin dēlinquēns, present participle of dēlinquō (“I transgress, err”).


defamasi

From English defamation and Dutch diffamatie, from Old French diffamacion (Modern French diffamation), from Latin diffāmātiō.

(law) defamation, the act of injuring another person's reputation by any slanderous communication, written or oral; the wrong of maliciously injuring the good name of another.


derivatif

From Dutch derivatief, from Middle French dérivatif, from Latin dērīvātus, perfect passive participle of dērīvō (“I derive”).

(chemistry) A chemical derived from another

derivative,
A chemical derived from another

(finance) A financial instrument whose value depends on the valuation of an underlying asset.

secondary legislation
secondary legislation#English

(law) secondary legislation, legislation enacted by a power derived from another legislation, such as one made by the executive branch within the boundaries fixed by an act of parliament.


derivatif

derivative,
(linguistics) derived from root word.


diktum

From Dutch dictum, from Latin dictum (“proverb, maxim”), from dictus (“having been said”), perfect passive participle of dico (“I say”).


dispensasi

From Dutch dispensatie, from Old French despensacion, from Latin dispensātiō.

(especially law) dispensation, the relaxation of a law in a particular case; permission to do something forbidden, or to omit doing something enjoined.


domisili

From Dutch domicilie (“domicile”), from French domicile, from Latin domicilium.


ekspedisi

From Dutch expeditie, from Middle French expédition, and its source, Latin expeditio.

(military) a military journey; an enterprise against some enemy or into enemy territory.

a trip, especially a long one, made by a person or a group of people for a specific purpose.


eksploit

* From Dutch exploit (“receipt of (legal) document”), from Old French esploit (noun), esploitier (verb), from older expleit from Latin explicitus.
* Semantic loan from English exploit for the computing sense.

bor

(law) writ, a written order, issued by a court, ordering someone to do (or stop doing) something, especially attending court session.

(computing) exploit, a program or technique that exploits a vulnerability in other software.


inkues

From English inquest, from Middle English enquest, from Old French enqueste (Modern French enquête), from Vulgar Latin inquirere, or from Medieval Latin inquesta < in + quaesita. Doublet of angket.

(law) inquest a formal investigation, often held before a court, especially one into the cause of a death.


investigasi

From Dutch investigatie, from Old French investigacion, from Latin investigatio.

investigation, the act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination.


intimidasi

From Dutch intimidatie, from Dutch intimidation, from Medieval Latin *intimidatio, from intimidare (“to intimidate”).

intimidation, the act of making timid or fearful or of deterring by threats; the state of being intimidated.


katalis

From Malay katalis, borrowed from English catalyst.

(chemistry) accelerator: a substance which speeds up chemical reactions.


katalisator

From Dutch katalysator. Compare to Afrikaans katalisator.

(chemistry) a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

someone or something that encourages progress or change.


aplikasi

From Dutch applicatie, from Middle French application, from Latin applicātiō.

the act of applying as a means; the employment of means to accomplish an end; specific use.

a verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school, course or similar.

(computing) a computer program or the set of software that the end user perceives as a single entity as a tool for a well-defined purpose.

(Standard Malay)

(art) applique, a decorative design made by cutting pieces of material and applying them to the surface of another for decoration.


cadangan

Affixed cadang + -an, from Malay cadangan (“plan; suggestion”).
* The sense of “backup, reserve, or substitute” is reinforced as semantic loan from Javanese ꦕꦝꦔꦤ꧀ (cadhangan, “reserve, back up, spare”), ꦕꦝꦁ (cadhang, “to hold out the hands to receive”), from Old Javanese caḍaṅ (“preparation”).

sl

cadangan penghapusan piutang buruk dan ragu

(dated) plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal)

(fishing) reservoir (a supply or source of something)


kasasi

From Dutch cassatie, from French cassation, from Latin cassō (“destroy, annul”).

(law) cassation, the abrogation of a law by a higher authority (court).


klien

From Dutch cliënt, from French client, from Latin cliēns.

one who receives help or services from a professional such as a lawyer or accountant.

(law) a person who employs or retains an attorney to represent him or her in any legal matter, or one who merely divulges confidential matters to an attorney while pursuing professional assistance without subsequently retaining the attorney.


klien

From English client, from Middle English client, from Anglo-Norman clyent, client, from Latin cliēns.

(computing) client, the role of a computer application or system that requests and/or consumes the services provided by another having the role of server.


kodifikasi

(law, linguistics, management) codification

the process of precisely formulating a statement, such as a code of laws.

the act or result of arranging something into a code; the act of setting down a body of knowledge in a systematic way.


vonis

(law) sentence, verdict, the decision or judgement of a court.


syahwat

From Malay syahwat, from Classical Malay syahwat, from Arabic شَهْوَة (šahwa).


akses

From English access, from Middle English, from Middle French acces (“attack, onslaught”) or from its source Latin accessus, perfect passive participle of accēdō (“approach; accede”).

der

a way or means of approaching or entering; an entrance; a passage.

(computing) the process of locating data in memory.

access:
the process of locating data in memory.

(networking) connection to or communication with a computer program or to the Internet.


antarmuka

Affixed antar- (“inter-”) + muka (“face”), calque of English interface.

the point of interconnection between systems or subsystems.

the connection between a user and a machine.

the connection between parts of software.


bahasa ibu

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + ibu (“mother”), calque of Dutch moedertaal.

(linguistics) mother tongue, native language, first language, the language one first learned; the language one grew up with.


bahasa buatan

bahasa (“language”) + buatan (“artificial”).

compound

artificial language
artificial language#English

constructed language
constructed language#English

(linguistics) constructed language, a human language that has been consciously devised by an individual or a small group, as opposed to having naturally evolved as part of a culture like a natural language.


bahasa gaul

bahasa (“language”) + gaul (“friendship, socialisation”).

language outside of conventional usage and in the informal register,

the specialized language of a social group, sometimes used to make what is said unintelligible to those not members of the group.


bahasa halus

bahasa (“language”) + halus (“refined”).


bahasa kasar

bahasa (“language”) + kasar (“crude, rude”).

(linguistics) offensive register, causing offense; arousing a visceral reaction of disgust, anger, or hatred.


bahasa klasik

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + klasik (“classical”), partial calque of Dutch klassieke talen (klassieke + talen).

com

(linguistics, literature) a classical language


bahasa komputer

From compound of bahasa (“language”) + komputer (“computer”), from calque of English computer language.

compound

computer language
computer language#English

(computing) computer language, a language that is used internally by computers, including programming languages, machine languages, query languages, markup languages etc.


bahasa kuno

(linguistics) ancient language, any language originating in times that may be referred to as ancient.


bahasa pasar

id-noun

bahasa pasar (plural bahasa-bahasa pasar)

From bahasa (“language”) + pasar (“market”).

(linguistics) trade language, vehicular language


bahasa resmi

bahasa (“language”) + resmi (“official”).

compound

official language
official language#English

(linguistics) official language, a language afforded an elevated status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction, typically for government use.


bahasa tubuh

body language, nonverbal communication by means of facial expressions, eye behavior, gestures, posture, and the like; often thought to be involuntary.


bahasa asing

bahasa (“language”) + asing (“foreign”).

foreign language
foreign language#English

a language that is not widely or officially spoken in a particular place.

a language that is not one's native tongue.


bahasa dagang

id-noun

bahasa dagang (plural bahasa-bahasa dagang)

From bahasa (“language”) + dagang (“trade”).


bahasa mati

(linguistics) dead language, a language which no longer has any native speakers.


desain

désain (canonical)
desain-desain (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from English design, from Old French designer, from Latin designō (“I mark out, point out, describe, design, contrive”), from de- (or dis-) + signō (“I mark”), from signum (“mark”).

der

(Standard Malay)

a pattern, as an element of a work of art or architecture.

(computing) a specification of an object or process, referring to requirements to be satisfied and thus conditions to be met for them to solve a problem.


katrij

From Malay katrij, borrowed from English cartridge, from corruption of French cartouche, from Italian cartuccia, a diminutive of carta, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs). Doublet of kardus, kartel, karton, kartu, and kertas.

doublet

(computing) cartridge, a vessel which contains the ink or toner for a computer printer and can be easily replaced with another.


patrun

From Dutch patroon, from German Patrone, ultimately from Latin patrōnus.

cartridge, the package consisting of the bullet, primer, and casing containing gunpowder; a round of ammunition.


kios

→ Ternate: kios

From Dutch kiosk, from French kiosque, from Ottoman Turkish كوشك (köşk), from Persian کوشک (kôšk, “palace, portico”), from Middle Persian kwšk' (kōšk).

Pedagang diwajibkan membayar sewa kios yang mahal.

Trader is required to pay expensive kiosk rent.

a small enclosed structure, often freestanding, open on one side or with a window, used as a booth to sell newspapers, cigarettes, etc.

a similar unattended stand for the automatic dispensing of tickets, etc.


ilmiah

From Arabic عِلْمِيَّة (ʕilmiyya, “scientific”).

der

metode ilmiah


saintifik

From English scientific, from Middle French scientifique, from Medieval Latin scientificus (“pertaining to science”).


BNO

(medicine) Initialism of Blaas Nier Overzicht (“kidney, ureter, and bladder”, literally “bladder-kidney survey”).


klaim

Borrowed from English claim, from Middle English claimen, from Old French clamer (“to call, name, send for”), from Latin clāmō, clāmāre (“to call, cry out”), from Proto-Italic *klāmāō, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to shout”), which is imitative.

onomatopoeic

imitative

a demand of ownership made for something.

a new statement of something one believes to be the truth, usually when the statement has yet to be verified or without valid evidence provided.

a demand of ownership for previously unowned land.

(law) a legal demand for compensation or damages.


klaim

head

klaim (active mengeklaim, passive diklaim)

onomatopoeic

imitative

(transitive) to claim
to demand ownership of.

to state a new fact, typically without providing evidence to prove it is true.

to demand ownership or right to use for land.

(law) to demand compensation or damages through the courts.


setum

From Dutch stoom (“steam”), from Middle Dutch *stôom, from Old Dutch *stōm, from Proto-Germanic *staumaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“to whirl, waft, stink, shake; steam, haze, smoke”).


lauh

sevenfinger threadfin (Filimanus heptadactyla).


lauh

From Malay lauh, from Arabic لَوْح (lawḥ, “board, tablet, slab”). Doublet of alwah and loh.


insentif

From English incentive, from Medieval Latin incentivus (“that strikes up or sets the tune”), from incinere (“to strike up”), from in (“in, on”) + canere (“to sing”). Compare to Belgian Dutch incentief.

incentive, a bonus or reward, often monetary, to work harder.


togel

Inherited from Malay توݢيل (togel, “tailless”). Compare to Javanese ꦠꦸꦒꦼꦭ꧀ (tugel, “break, snap”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">togel</i>


togel

(gambling) Acronym of toto gelap (“unlicensed or illegal lottery”, literally “dark totalisator”).


intuisi

From Dutch intuïtie, from French intuition, from Latin intuitiō. Compare to Afrikaans intuïsie.


filtrasi

filtration, the act or process of filtering; the mechanical separation of a liquid from the undissolved particles floating in it.


kreativitas

kreativitas (canonical)
krèativitas (canonical)

Learned borrowing from Latin creativitas

lbor

creativity, the ability to use imagination to produce a novel idea or product that is useful to society.


kreatif

From Dutch creatief, from French créatif, from Latin creativus.

creative (tending to create things, or having the ability to create; often, excellently, in a novel fashion, or any or all of these)


seluler

From Dutch cellulair, from French cellulaire.

cellular, of, relating to, consisting of, or resembling a cell or cells.


meriam

mêriam (canonical)
meriam-meriam (plural)


jalu

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦭꦸ (jalu, “spur”), from Old Javanese jalu (“male; man, husband”).


krisis

From Dutch crisis, from Latin crisis, from Ancient Greek κρίσις (krísis).

crisis (crucial or decisive point or situation; a turning point)

crisis (unstable situation, especially one involving an impending abrupt change)


kapitalis

head

kapitalis (comparative lebih kapitalis, superlative paling kapitalis or terkapitalis, equative sekapitalis)

lebih kapitalis (comparative)
paling kapitalis (superlative)
terkapitalis (superlative)
sekapitalis (equative)

From Dutch kapitalist, from French capitaliste, from capital + -iste. Equivalent to kapital + -is.

capitalist:
Of, or pertaining to, capitalism.

capitalist:
Supporting or endorsing capitalism.


kapitalis

The owner of a considerable amount of capital; a wealthy person.

Someone whose wealth (capital) is invested in business ventures in order to return a profit.

A person who is a supporter of capitalism.


okupansi

From Dutch occupantie, from French occupantie.


radiasi

From Dutch radiatie, from French radiation, from Latin radiatio, radiationem.

the shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like diverging rays of light.

the process of radiating waves or particles.

the transfer of energy via radiation (as opposed to convection or conduction).

(Standard Malay)

(physics) radiation,
radioactive energy.


lelangit

/lə.ˈlä.ŋɪt̪̚/

Partial reduplication of langit, from Malay lelangit.

(meteorology) low-level clouds (cumulus, stratus, stratocumulus that lie below 6,500 feet (1,981 m))


asiri

From Arabic أَثِيرِي (ʔaṯīrī), أَثَارَ (ʔaṯāra, “to arouse, to incite; to provoke; to irritate”).

der

Arabic أَثِيرِي (ʔaṯīrī)

volatile: evaporating or vaporizing readily under normal conditions.


Eko

From Javanese Eko. A male variant of Eka, ultimately from Sanskrit एक (eka).


kohor

From Dutch cohort, from Old French cohorte, from Latin cohors.

a group of people supporting the same thing or person.

a demographic grouping of people, especially those in a defined age group, or having a common characteristic.


tantri

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (tantri), from Old Javanese tantri, from Sanskrit तन्त्र (tantra, “a class of works teaching magical and mystical formularies”). Compare to English tantra. Doublet of tentara and tenteram.

(literature) A prosaic fable from Pancatantra.


amplifikasi

From Dutch amplificatie, from Latin amplificātiō.

the act, or result of amplifying, enlarging, extending or adding.

(linguistics) a translation technique that involves adding content that is not present in the source text to the target text, usually to improve the fluency of the translation.

(linguistics) a figure of speech that adds importance to increase its rhetorical effect.

(computing, electronics, physics) the act, or result of independently increasing some quantity, especially voltage, power or current.


warkat

Inherited from Malay [Term?] (Standard Malay warkah), from Arabic وَرَق (waraq).


jeriken

→ Tetum: jérigen

From Dutch jerrycan, from English jerrycan.

jerrycan (a robust fuel container often made from plastic)


pangkalan data

Compound of pangkalan (“base”) + data (“data”).


swalayan

From swa- (“self-, auto-”) + layan (“service”), from a calque of Dutch zelfbediening (“self-service”).

calque

pasar swalayan
pasar swalayan#Indonesian

(colloquial) Short for pasar swalayan (“supermarket”, literally “market + self-service”).


swadaya

From swa- + daya. Calque of Swedish självförtroende.


ZEE

zona ekonomi eksklusif
zona ekonomi eksklusif#Indonesian

Initialism of zona ekonomi eksklusif (“EEZ; exclusive economy zone”).


areh

(cooking) a dish made from seasoned coconut milk, then boiled until thick


overmacht

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch overmacht.


punah

From Malay punah, from Sanskrit पून (pūna, “destroyed”), पू (pū, “to destroy”).

Bagaimana makhluk hidup tersebut dapat punah?

extinct, no longer in existence; having died out.


Nyonya

(formal) An honorific title used before the name of a married woman. Used in formal situation, example: ticket, invitation, etc.


swacakap

From swa- + cakap. Calque of Ancient Greek μονόλογος (monólogos, “speaking alone”).


barikade

barikade (canonical)
barikadê (canonical)

From Dutch barricade, from French barricade, from Italian barricata.

barricade, a barrier constructed across a road, especially as a military defence.


ambasade

ambasade (canonical)
ambasadé (canonical)

From Dutch ambassade, from French ambassade, from Middle French ambassade, ambaxade, from Old Italian ambasciata, from Old Occitan ambaissada (“embassy”), derived from ambaissa (“message”), from Late Latin ambactia (“service rendered”) (attested also as ambascia, from Proto-Germanic *ambahtiją (“service”), *ambahtaz (“follower, servant”), from Gaulish ambaxtos (“dependant, vassal”, literally “one who is sent around”), from Proto-Celtic *ambaxtos (“servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi-h₂eǵ- (“drive around”).

der

embassy, the official residence of such an embassy, or of an ambassador.


kelinci percobaan

Compound of kelinci (“rabbit”) + percobaan (“experiment”), calque of Dutch proefkonijn (literally “experimental rabbit”).

calque

(literally) a rabbit used as guinea pig.

(figurative) guinea pig, a living experimental subject.


terein

From Dutch terrein, from French terrain, Old French terrain, terrein, from Vulgar Latin *terranum, from Latin terrēnum.


generik

From Dutch generiek, from Middle French générique, from Latin genus (“genus, kind”) + -ic.

pertaining or appropriate to large classes or groups (genera) as opposed to specific instances.

(pharmacy) not having a brand name of a drug; nonproprietary in design or contents

(computing) compatible with a whole family of hardware or software from the same company


inisialisasi

(computing) initialization (assignment of initial value of variable)

(computing) bootstrap (process of preparing computer before use)


berani

→ Dutch: branie

From Malay berani (“brave”), from Proto-Malayic *bərani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀani (“brave, bold; dare to do”).


Ambon

From Malay Ambon, from Ambonese Malay ombong (“dew”).

Ambon (island in the Moluccas, Indonesia)

Ambonese (The natives or inhabitants of Ambon Island)


proyek

From Dutch project, from Latin prōiectum.

project, a planned endeavor, usually with a specific goal and accomplished in several steps or stages.


tahun buku

Compound of tahun (“year”) + buku (“book”), calque of Dutch boekjaar (“financial year, fiscal year”, literally “book year”).


rumah makan

Compound of rumah (“house”) + makan (“eat”), literally “eating house”. Compare to Chinese 飯館／饭馆 (“restaurant”, literally “food/cuisine + house”) or Dutch eethuis (“diner, restaurant”, literally “eat house”).

noncog

restaurant, an eating establishment in which diners are served food, usually by waiters at their tables but sometimes (as in a fast food restaurant) at a counter.


angai

to dry clothes by airing in a shady place.


prasekolah

Affixed pra- (“pre-”) + sekolah (“school”), calque of English preschool.


prasejarah

Calque of English prehistoric into pra- (“pre-”) + sejarah (“history”).


subhanallah

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic سُبْحَانَ الله (subḥāna llāh).

ubor

سُبْحَانَ الله


tasbih

Inherited from Malay tasbih, from Classical Malay tasbih (“tasbih, misbaha”), from Arabic تَسْبِيح (tasbīḥ).


intonasi

From Dutch intonatie, from French intonation.

(music) the act of sounding the tones of the musical scale.

(linguistics) the rise and fall of the voice in speaking.The rise and fall of the voice in speaking.

singing or playing in good tune or otherwise.


kacung

From Javanese ꦏꦕꦸꦁ (kacung, “lad, boy; errand boy, houseboy”).


koordinasi

From Dutch coördinatie, from Middle French coordination, from Late Latin coordinationem (accusative of coordinatio), from Latin coordinare.

the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect.

the ability to coordinate one's senses and physical movements in order to act skilfully.

(linguistics) an equal joining together of two or more phrases or clauses, for example, using and, or, or but.


yudisium

From Dutch judicium, from Latin judicium, iudicium.

Hari pengumuman yudisium kelulusan dilaksanakan minggu depan.

Congregation announcement will be held on next week.

(education) congregation, a formal meeting of university governing body for graduation voting.


HGB

hak guna bangunan
hak guna bangunan#Indonesian

(real estate) Initialism of hak guna bangunan.


santai

From Komering santai.
Coined by Indonesian author Bur Rasuanto 1970s.

coinage

relaxed (free from tension or anxiety; at ease; leisurely)


rayu

appeal: a call to, or the use of, a principle or quality for purposes of persuasion.


parsel

From English parcel, from Old French parcelle (“a small piece or part, a parcel, a particle”), from Late Latin particella, diminutive of Latin particula (“particle”), diminutive of partem (“part, piece”). Doublet of partikel and persil.


marus

Borrowed from Javanese ꦩꦫꦸꦱ꧀ (marus, “blood (curd)”), from Old Javanese marus (“blood”).


mantri pengairan

id-noun

mantri pengairan (plural mantri-mantri pengairan)

2009, Her Suganda, Rengasdengklok: Revolusi dan Peristiwa 16 Agustus 1945, Penerbit Buku Kompas, page 56

Because the participants were vegetable sellers, fishmongers, pottery sellers, coachmen, agricultural workers, seamstresses, employees, officials, irrigation officers, veterinary assistants, healthcare workers, nurses, road foremen, clerks, surveyors, telephone operators, who knows what else.

Sebab pesertanya ada tukang sayur, tukang ikan, tukang grabah, kusir sado, tukang tani, tukang kain, pegawai, pejabat, mantri pengairan, mantri hewan, mantri kesehatan, juru rawat, mandor jalan, juru tulis, juru ukur, juru telepon, entah apa lagi.

A profession involving making water available for agriculture by using dams, canals, etc.


Rizki

Ultimately from Arabic رزق (“blessing”).


Riski

a male given name from Arabic: alternative spelling of Rizki


umpan balik

Compound of umpan + balik, calque of English feedback.

critical assessment of a process or activity or of their results.

the part of an output signal that is looped back into the input to control or modify a system.


juru pengairan

mantri pengairan
mantri pengairan#Indonesian


orkes

Borrowed from Dutch orkest (“orchestra”), from French orchestre, from Latin orchēstra, from Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra). Doublet of orkestra.


orkes

(acronym) olahraga (“sport”) and kesehatan (“health”).

(acronym) olahraga (“sport”) and kesenian (“art”).


janah

From Malay jannah, from Classical Malay jannah, from Arabic جَنَّة (janna, “garden; paradise”).


Adit

Shortening of Aditya. Borrowed from Javanese ꦄꦢꦶꦠꦾ (Aditya), ultimately from Sanskrit आदित्य (ādityá).


sanyo

A genericized trademark of the Japanese trademark Sanyo, from Japanese 三洋 (san'yō, literally “three oceans”).


komunis

From earlier kominis, from Dutch communist, from French communiste or German Kommunist.


kemampuan membayar

id-noun

kemampuan membayar (plural kemampuan-kemampuan membayar)

From kemampuan (“ability”) + membayar (“pay”). Calque of English ability to pay.


akselerasi

the amount by which a speed or velocity increases.

(education) the advancement of students at a rate that places them ahead of where they would be in the regular school curriculum.

(Standard Malay)

(classical mechanics) the change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).


material kontras

id-noun

material kontras (plural material-material kontras)

contrast material
contrast material#English

(medicine, radiology) contrast material.


batas kuantum

batas kuantum (plural batas-batas kuantum)


jembatan Wheatstone

Wheatstone bridge
Wheatstone bridge#English


ultrasonik

From English ultrasonic, equivalent to ultra- + sonik.


emisi akustik

emisi akustik (plural emisi-emisi akustik)

acoustic emission
acoustic emission#English


frekuensi audio

frekuensi audio (plural frekuensi-frekuensi audio)


tamat

From earlier tammat, from Malay tamat, tammat, from Arabic تَمَّ (tamma, “to be fulfilled, to be completed”).


beskal

From Dutch fiskaal, from Middle French fiscal, from Latin fiscus (“treasury”). Cognate to Afrikaans fiskaal (“public official, hangman”). The fiskaal was an officer of the Dutch East India Company. Doublet of fiskal.


besikal

bêsikal (canonical)
besikal-besikal (plural)

From English bicycle, from French bicycle. Cognate of Malay basikal.


canggih

From Malay canggih (“talking too much”). All “sophisticated” senses is a semantic loan from English sophisticated. The sense complicated in technology was Coined by Indonesian politician Herman Johannes.

coinage

complicated, especially of complex technology

having obtained worldly experience, and lacking naiveté; cosmopolitan.

appealing to the tastes of an intellectual; cerebral.

(obsolete) tending to talk a lot; talkative.


perisa

From Malay perisa. The sense “flavor” is a semantic loan from English flavor.

A substance used to produce a taste; flavor.


petahana

From per- + tahana (“position”), of unexplained origin. Coined by Indonesian linguist Salomo Simanungkalit in 2009.

unknown

of unexplained origin


pengganti

From Malay pengganti, equivalent to peng- + ganti. Calque of Dutch geendoseerde for endorsee sense.


menggantikan

From Malay menggantikan, from Classical Malay menggantikan, from Old Malay [Term?], equivalent to ganti + meng- -kan.


menambah

From Malay menambah. Equivalent to meng- + tambah.


penangkapan

From Malay penangkapan. Equivalent to tangkap + peng- -an.


Turkistan Timur

East Turkestan, another name for Xinjiang


anjir

(slang, vulgar, colloquial, minced oath) shit; damn; fuck.

(slang, vulgar, colloquial, minced oath) wow


anjir

canal, an artificial waterway or artificially improved river used for travel, shipping, or irrigation.


anjir

From Persian انجیر (anjir, “fig”), from Middle Persian ʾncyl (anjīr, “fig”).


anjir

From Javanese ꦲꦚ꧀ꦗꦶꦂ (anjir, “stake or pole used as a marker”), probably from Arabic أَنْجَر (ʔanjar, “anchor”), from Persian لنگر (langar), from Ancient Greek ἄγκῡρα (ánkūra). Doublet of angker, anjar, anjer, and jangkar.

doublet

wood or bamboo stick that are plugged in as marker for crab trap.


perdom

From Dutch verdoem, verdoemen, from Middle Dutch verdoemen, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *fradōmijaną.

(vulgar, colloquial) Used to express anger, irritation, disappointment, annoyance, contempt or surprise, etc. See also dammit.


angkur

From Dutch anker, from Middle Dutch anker, from Old Dutch *anker, from Latin anchora.

(architecture) anchor, a metal tie holding adjoining parts of a building together.


klasikal

Pengajaran klasikal adalah pengajaran yang diberikan kepada sekelompok siswa bersama-sama.

In the class teaching is teaching given to a group of students together.


obat nyamuk

Compound of obat (“drug, medicine”) + nyamuk (“mosquito”).

compound

(literally) insect repellent: a substance applied to skin, clothing, or other surfaces which discourages insects (and arthropods in general) from landing or climbing on that surface.

(idiomatic) third wheel: an unwanted third party accompanying two people on a date.


ban serep

Compound of ban (“tyre”) + serep (“spare”). Compare to Chinese 備胎／备胎 (bèitāi).

zh-l

備胎／备胎 (bèitāi)

(figuratively) reserved girlfriend or boyfriend; back-up partner.

(figurative, extension) possible replacement for one's current position.


tenaga kesehatan

id-noun

tenaga kesehatan (plural tenaga-tenaga kesehatan)

From tenaga (“worker”) + kesehatan (“health”).

compound

healthcare worker
healthcare worker#English


tenaga kuda

Compound of tenaga (“power”) + kuda (“horse”), calque of Dutch paardenkracht (“horsepower”).

calque

(colloquial) synonym of daya kuda (“horsepower”)


tenaga dalam

id-noun

tenaga dalam (plural tenaga-tenaga dalam)

From tenaga (“power”) + dalam (“inside”), possibly calque of English inner power.


butiran ludah

butiran ludah (plural butiran-butiran ludah)

From butiran (“particle”) + ludah (“saliva”).


glosarium

From Dutch glossarium, from Latin glōssārium, glōssa (“obsolete or foreign word that requires explanation”), from Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “tongue”).

glossary, list of words with their definitions and/or other annotations


jambu biji

From jambu (“rose apple”) + biji (“seed”). Attested before 1968.

Psidium guajava
Psidium guajava#Translingual


jengkol

From Javanese jengkol. Attested before 1971.


wawancara

From wawan- + cara. Attested before 1952.


alergi

alèrgi (canonical)
alergi-alergi (plural)

From Dutch allergie, from German Allergie. Coined by Austrian pediatrician Clemens von Pirquet in 1906 from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos, “other”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work, activity”), on the model of Energie.

(medicine) allergy, a disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma.


gerendel

gêrèndèl (canonical)
gerendel-gerendel (plural)

From Dutch grendel, from Middle Dutch grendel, grindel, from Old Dutch grindel, from Proto-West Germanic *grindil.


lampu lalu lintas

lampu lalu lintas (plural lampu-lampu lalu lintas)

Compound of lampu (“lamp”) + lalu lintas (“traffic”), calque of Dutch verkeerslicht.

compound

(common, transport) traffic light, stoplight.


lampu merah

Compound of lampu (“lamp”) + merah (“red”). Compare to Chinese 紅燈／红灯 (hóngdēng) or English red light.

especially as a traffic signal indicating ‘stop’.


saksama

From Malay saksama, from Sanskrit सक्षम (sakṣama). Cognate of Hindi सक्षम (sakṣam, “capable, able, competent”).


seteru

sêtêru (canonical)
seteru-seteru (plural)

From Malay seteru, from Old Malay śatru, from Sanskrit शत्रु (śatru, “enemy, foe, rival”).


rajawali

Unknown, possible related to Sanskrit राजा (rājā, “king”) + आवलि (āvali, “linage”). Compare to Persian شاهین (šâhin, “falcon”) from Middle Persian *šāhēn (literally “majestic, kingly”).

cog

peregrine falcon
peregrine falcon#English


mengikat

From Malay mengikat, from Classical Malay mengikat. Equivalent to meng- + ikat.


menghidupi

From Malay menghidupi,
from Classical Malay menghidupi, from Old Malay maṁhidupi. Equivalent to hidup + meng- -i.


suatu

From Malay suatu, from Classical Malay suatu (“one”).

suatu masalah


negara bagian

id-noun

nêgara bagian (plural negara-negara bagian)

nêgara bagian (canonical)
negara-negara bagian (plural)

Compound of negara (“state”) + bagian (“part”), calque of Dutch deelstaat (“state”, literally “part state”).

calque

Partai Liberal dan Partai Nasional memiliki aliansi dalam politik negara bagian dan federal.

Liberal Party and National Party have an alliance in state and federal politics.

(government) state: a political division of a federation retaining a degree of autonomy.


wiyata mandala

id-noun

wiyata mandala (plural wiyata-wiyata mandala)

Compound of wiyata (“education, learning”) + mandala (“circle”).


mengaben

From Balinese ngaben.
* From nga+beya+in
* From ngabu + -in. Equivalent to standard meng- + abu (“ash”) + -i or colloquial ng- + abu (“ash”) + -in.
* From ngapen. Equivalent to standard meng- + api + -i or colloquial ng- + api + -in.

To incinerate a dead body (as an alternative to burial); cremate.


metastase

mètastasê (canonical)
metastase-metastase (plural)

From Dutch metastase, from French métastase. Doublet of metastasis.

dated spelling of metastasis (“metastasis”).


bocor alus

Compound of bocor (“leak”) + halus (“fine, smooth”).

(informal, Java) something leaks slowly.

(colloquial, architecture) slow and minor leaking

(slang, Medan) the one who can’t keep a secret, or a gossip


nyendok

From Pontianak Malay nyendok; equivalent to meng- + sendok. Doublet of menyendok.

(colloquial) Alternative spelling of menyendok

(Pontianak, slang) to snatch someone else's boyfriend or girlfriend


menggali

From Malay menggali, from Classical Malay menggali, equivalent to meng- + gali. The sense “to investigate” is a semantic loan from English dig.

(transitive, intransitive) To make a hole through rocks, roads, or the like; to dig.

(transitive) To get by digging; to take from the ground; to dig.

(figurative, transitive) To investigate, to research; to dig.


jurnalis

Affixed jurnal + -is, borrowed from Dutch journalist.


Abimanyu

From Javanese Abimanyu, from Sanskrit अभिमन्यु (abhimanyu).


Wijaya

Borrowed from Javanese ꦮꦶꦗꦪ (Wijaya), from Old Javanese wijaya (“victory, triumph; victorious”), from Sanskrit विजय (vijaya).


dll.

Abbreviation of dan lain-lain (“et cetera, etc”).


dst.

dan seterusnya
dan seterusnya#Indonesian


dkk.

abbreviation of dan kawan-kawan (“et al.”, literally “and friends”).


PPn.

pajak pendapatan
pajak pendapatan#Indonesian


pjs.

pejabat sementara
pejabat sementara#Indonesian


Yth.

yang terhormat
yang terhormat#Indonesian


ybs.

yang bersangkutan
yang bersangkutan#Indonesian


patungan

(slang) To split or share the bill evenly; to share the expense.


sikap

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *sikap (“dextrous, agile, skillful”). Compare to Javanese ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (sikep, “attitude, way of thinking”), Tagalog sikap (“diligence; zeal”).


sikap

From Javanese ꦱꦶꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (sikep, “to grapple”), from Old Javanese sikĕp (“catching, gripping”), from Proto-Austronesian *sikep (“tight-fitting, of clothing”).


fantosmia

(pathology) phantosmia: a form of parosmia involving olfactory hallucinations in which the perceived smell is triggered apparently without cause rather than by another smell.


pangkalan angkatan laut

id-noun

pangkalan angkatan laut (plural pangkalan-pangkalan angkatan laut)

pangkalan-pangkalan angkatan laut (plural)

From pangkalan (“base”) + angkatan laut (“naval”).


satuan tempur

id-noun

satuan tempur (plural satuan-satuan tempur)

From satuan (“unit”) + tempur (“combat, battle”). Calque of English combat force.


kendaraan tempur

id-noun

kendaraan tempur (plural kendaraan-kendaraan tempur)

From kendaraan (“vehicle”) + tempur (“combat”).


anggaran belanja

id-noun

anggaran belanja (plural anggaran-anggaran belanja)

Compound of anggaran + belanja, calque of Dutch kostenraming (“budget”) (kost (“expenditure”) + en + raming (“estimation”)).

compound

(Standard Malay)


anak buah kapal

id-noun

anak buah kapal (plural anak-anak buah kapal)

From anak buah (“subordinate”) + kapal (“ship”).


alat berat

Compound of alat (“tool”) + berat (“heavy”), calque of English heavy equipment, heavy machinery.

clq

heavy equipment, or heavy machinery: heavy-duty vehicles, specially designed for executing construction tasks, most frequently ones involving earthwork operations or other large construction tasks.


artileri medan

id-noun

artileri medan (plural artileri-artileri medan)

From artileri (“artillery”) + medan (“field”).


rapat koordinasi

id-noun

rapat koordinasi (plural rapat-rapat koordinasi)

From rapat (“meeting”) + koordinasi (“coordination”).


kendaraan bermotor

id-noun

kendaraan bermotor (plural kendaraan-kendaraan bermotor)

From kendaraan (“vehicle”) + bermotor (“using motor”).


satuan tugas

id-noun

satuan tugas (plural satuan-satuan tugas)

Compound of satuan (“unit”) + tugas (“task”), from calque of English task force.

(business, government, military) task force


kece

Coined by Indonesian comedian Jaja Mihardja 1980s.
* Possibly from a Malay substrate, compare Sambas Malay kaca' (“handsome”).
* Possibly from English catchy.


negara hukum

Compound of negara (“state”) + hukum (“law”), calque of Dutch rechtsstaat (literally “law state”), from German Rechtsstaat coined by Carl Theodor Welcker in 1813.

clq

(government, law) rechtsstaat, a doctrine in continental European legal thinking, with emphasise what is just, in which the exercise of governmental power is constrained by the law.


negara persemakmuran

id-noun

negara persemakmuran (plural negara-negara persemakmuran)

Compound of negara (“state”) + persemakmuran (“commonwealth”), calque of English Commonwealth of Nations.

clq

Commonwealth of Nations
Commonwealth of Nations#English

a state in Commonwealth of Nations, an association of independent, sovereign states most of which formerly constituted the British Empire.


negara kota

Compound of negara (“state”) + kota (“city”), calque of Dutch stadstaat (“city state”).

(government) city state, a sovereign city, as in Ancient Greece, often part of a league of such cities.


kedokteran gigi

From kedokteran (“medicine”) + gigi (“tooth”) as calque of German Zahnmedizin (“dentistry”, literally “tooth medicine”).


mmng

(text messaging) Abbreviation of memang.


Idul Fitri

From Arabic عِيد اَلْفِطْر (ʕīd al-fiṭr).

bor

عِيد اَلْفِطْر

Arabic عِيد اَلْفِطْر (ʕīd al-fiṭr)

(Islam) Eid al-Fitr; the religious celebration at the end of Ramadan


Idulfitri

عِيد اَلْفِطْر

Arabic عِيد اَلْفِطْر (ʕīd al-fiṭr)


tgl

(text messaging) Abbreviation of tanggal.


tgl

(text messaging) Abbreviation of tinggal.


tmpt

(text messaging) Abbreviation of tempat.


bnyk

(text messaging) Abbreviation of banyak.


gmn

(text messaging) Abbreviation of gimana.


brp

(text messaging) Abbreviation of berapa.


jgn

(text messaging) Abbreviation of jangan.


ksn

(text messaging) Abbreviation of ke sana.

(text messaging) Abbreviation of ke sini.


kmn

(text messaging) Abbreviation of ke mana.


ramban

From Betawi ramban (“to collect grasses for livestock”), from Javanese ramban (“to collect vegetables from garden”).

der

(computing) to browse: to navigate through hyperlinked documents on a computer, usually with a browser.


jabon

Neolamarckia cadamba
Neolamarckia cadamba#Translingual


cemara udang

From cemara (“casuarina”) + udang (“shrimp, prawn”).

compound

Casuarina equisetifolia
Casuarina equisetifolia#Translingual


cemara angin

From cemara (“casuarina”) + angin (“wind”).


cemara buaya

From cemara (“casuarina”) + buaya (“crocodile”).


cemara kipas

From cemara (“casuarina”) + kipas (“fan”).

northern white-cedar
northern white-cedar

Thuja occidentalis; northern white-cedar.


mahoni daun kecil

From mahoni (“mahogany”) + daun (“leaf”) + kecil (“small”).

West Indian mahogany
West Indian mahogany

Swietenia mahagoni; West Indian mahogany.


mahoni

Swietenia macrophylla; Honduran mahogany.

west Indian mahogany
west Indian mahogany

Swietenia mahagoni; west Indian mahogany.


mahoni daun besar

From mahoni (“mahogany”) + daun (“leaf”) + besar (“big, large”).


bayar

bayar (root)
membayar (active)
terbayar (active involuntary)
dibayar (active involuntary passive)
bayar (active)
bayarlah (active)
membayari (active locative)
terbayari (involuntary locative)
dibayari (involuntary locative passive)
bayari (locative)
bayarilah (locative)
membayarkan (active applicative causative)
terbayarkan (applicative causative)
dibayarkan (applicative causative passive)
bayarkan (applicative causative)
bayarkanlah (applicative causative)
memperbayar (active causative)
terperbayar (active causative involuntary)
diperbayar (active causative involuntary passive)
perbayar (active causative)
perbayarlah (active causative)
memperbayari (active causative locative)
terperbayari (causative involuntary locative)
diperbayari (causative involuntary locative passive)
perbayari (causative locative)
perbayarilah (causative locative)
memperbayarkan (active applicative causative)
terperbayarkan (applicative causative)
diperbayarkan (applicative causative passive)
perbayarkan (applicative causative)
perbayarkanlah (applicative causative)

Inherited from Malay bayar, from Classical Malay bayar, from Proto-Malayic *bayar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bayaD. Cognate with Tagalog bayad.


membayar

From Malay membayar, from Classical Malay membayar. Equivalent to meng- + bayar.

Siapa yang akan membayar bayaran?

To give money or other compensation to in exchange for goods or services.

To discharge, as a debt or other obligation, by giving or doing what is due or required.

(figurative) To satisfy, carry out, bring to completion (an obligation, a requirement, etc.); to fulfill.


ampupu

Unknown. From an Eastern Malay variety. (cognate to Tetum ai-bubur).


beringin

Inherited from Malay beringin, calque of कल्पवृक्ष (kalpavṛkṣa). Equivalent to ber- + ingin.

Ficus benjamina; banyan tree; weeping fig.


jelutung

Dyera costulata; timor white gum; jelutong.


kayu putih

Compound of kayu (“wood”) + putih (“white”), from Malay kayu putih.


bangsawan

Affixed bangsa + -wan, from Malay bangsawan, from Classical Malay bangsawan.


sejarawan

id-noun

sêjarawan (plural sejarawan-sejarawan or para sejarawan)

sêjarawan (canonical)
sejarawan-sejarawan (plural)
para sejarawan (plural)


dermawan

From Malay dermawan, from Classical Malay dermawan, darmawan. Equivalent to derma + -wan.


wisudawan

From wisuda + -wan. Attested before 1967.


biarawan

From biara + -wan. Attested before 1953.


beluntas

Unknown. Cognate to Sundanese baluntas, Madurese baluntas.


swasembada

From swa- + sembada, calque of Czech svépomoc. Coined by Czech orientalist Zorica Marta Dubovská 1970s.


Kalimantan Barat

From earlier Kalimantan-Barat, from Kalimantan + barat (“west”).

West Kalimantan, a province of Indonesia.


Kalimantan Timur

From earlier Kalimantan-Timur, from Kalimantan + timur (“east”).

East Kalimantan, a province of Indonesia.


Kalimantan Selatan

From earlier Kalimantan-Selatan, from Kalimantan + selatan (“south”).

South Kalimantan, a province of Indonesia.


Kalimantan Utara

North Kalimantan
North Kalimantan#English

North Kalimantan (a province of Indonesia; capital: Tanjung Selor)


Kalimantan Tengah

From Kalimantan + tengah (“central, middle”).

Central Kalimantan, a province of Indonesia.


anggaran pendapatan dan belanja negara

[aŋˈɡaran pəndaˈpatan ˈdan bəˈland͡ʒa nəˈɡara]

Compound of anggaran pendapatan dan belanja (“revenue and expenditure budget”) + negara (“state, country”).

compound

(finance, government) state budget, government budget. (Indonesia)

id:Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara


Adikarta

(historical) A regency of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.


Adikarto

From Javanese Adikarto. Doublet of Adikarta.

Special Region of Yogyakarta
Special Region of Yogyakarta#English

(historical) A name of a former regency in present-day Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia (as Kabupaten Adikarto, Adikarto Regency) whose later merged with Kulon Progo Regency since 1951.

A village in Adimulyo district, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia.

A village in Muntilan district, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.


pemungutan suara

id-noun

pemungutan suara (plural pemungutan-pemungutan suara)


upaya

From Malay upaya, from Classical Malay upaya, from Sanskrit उपाय (upāya).


bahan

From Malay bahan, from Classical Malay bahan.

(rare) chip, flake: a small piece broken from a larger piece of solid material.

matter which may be shaped or manipulated, particularly in making something.

material:
text written for a specific purpose.

fabric: cloth to be made into a garment.

related data of various kinds, especially if collected as the basis for a document or book.

the substance that something is made or composed of.

matter: printed material, especially in books or magazines.

stuff: the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object.


tautan

Affixed taut + -an. The sense “link” is a semantic loan from English link.


penipu

Inherited from Malay penipu. Equivalent to
peng- + tipu.

A person whose actions or words are dishonest with certain intention.

A person who swindles, cheats or defrauds; cheater; fraudster; swindler.

A person who defrauds or swindles others after first gaining their trust; con artist.

A person who performs a trick for the purpose of unlawful gain; fraud.

A person who lies or deceives; deceiver.

A person who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest; crook.

Someone who exploits others, for example by trickery, lies; shark.

A rascal or unprincipled deceiver; rogue.

One who practises deception by concealment or omission, or by feigning a false appearance; dissimulator.

One who claims to have a unique, special or supernatural skill; charlatan


sangkakala

Inherited from Malay sangkakala, from Sanskrit शङ्ख (śaṅkha, “trumpet, horn”, literally “shell, conch-shell”) + काल (kāla, “time, hour”).


sengketa

sēngketa (canonical)
sengketa-sengketa (plural)

From Sanskrit संकट (saṃkaṭa, “crisis, calamity, danger”).

der

dispute, an argument or disagreement, a failure to agree.

legal case, a dispute between opposing parties which may be resolved by a court, or by some equivalent legal process.


musibah

From Arabic مُصِيبَة (muṣība, “calamity, affliction, misfortune, disaster”).


sentana

From Javanese ꦱꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦤ (sentana), from Old Javanese santāna, from Sanskrit सन्तान (santāna, “child”). Cognate of Balinese ᬲᭂᬦ᭄ᬢᬦ (sentana, “descendant”).


serapah

sêrapah (canonical)
serapah-serapah (plural)

From Malay serapah, serapa, from Classical Malay serapa, serapah, serpa,
* from Sanskrit शप (śapa, “curse”) + -er-.
* from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(s)rpah (“to insult”)

infix

Sanskrit <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">शप</i> (śapa, “curse”)

curse, a prayer or imprecation that harm may befall someone.


ayam hutan

From ayam (“chicken”) + hutan (“forest”).


indikasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch indicatie.

a fact that shows that something exists or may happen

(medicine) any symptom or occurrence in a disease that serves to direct to suitable remedies; the problem that warrants and prompts the use of a diagnostic test, imaging mode, or treatment (e.g., medication, surgical procedure)

id:reason for using a medical test or treatment

(finance) an declared approximation of the price at which a traded security is likely to commence trading


sertifikasi

sértifikasi (canonical)
sertifikasi-sertifikasi (plural)

From Dutch certificatie, from Middle Dutch certifficatie, from Old French certification, from Latin certificātiō.


determinisme

(philosophy) determinism: the doctrine that all actions are determined by the current state and immutable laws of the universe, with no possibility of choice.


akurasi

accuracy (state of being accurate; being free from mistakes, this exemption arising from carefulness; exactness; correctness)


presisi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch precisie, probably from Middle French precision, ultimately from Latin praecīsiō.

(Standard Malay)

(sciences) precision, the ability of a measurement to be reproduced consistently.


sekon

From Dutch seconde (“second”), from French seconde, from Latin secunda.

(sciences) second, one-sixtieth of a minute; the SI unit of time, defined as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of caesium-133 in a ground state at a temperature of absolute zero and at rest.


sadar

Inherited from Malay sedar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sədaʀ.


sadar

sadar (root)
menyadar (active)
tersadar (active involuntary)
disadar (active involuntary passive)
sadar (active)
sadarlah (active)
menyadari (active locative)
tersadari (involuntary locative)
disadari (involuntary locative passive)
sadari (locative)
sadarilah (locative)
menyadarkan (active applicative causative)
tersadarkan (applicative causative)
disadarkan (applicative causative passive)
sadarkan (applicative causative)
sadarkanlah (applicative causative)
mempersadar (active causative)
terpersadar (active causative involuntary)
dipersadar (active causative involuntary passive)
persadar (active causative)
persadarlah (active causative)
mempersadari (active causative locative)
terpersadari (causative involuntary locative)
dipersadari (causative involuntary locative passive)
persadari (causative locative)
persadarilah (causative locative)
mempersadarkan (active applicative causative)
terpersadarkan (applicative causative)
dipersadarkan (applicative causative passive)
persadarkan (applicative causative)
persadarkanlah (applicative causative)


kalajengking

From Malay kala jengking, from Classical Malay kala jengking, from Javanese kalajengking (ꦏꦭꦗꦼꦁꦏꦶꦁ), from Old Javanese kala jĕṅkiṅ. Equivalent to kala (“stinging animal, scorpion”) + jengking (“upside-down, topsy-turvy”). The standard spelling was influenced by Javanese spelling.


caplak

Tick, a tiny woodland arachnid of the suborder Ixodida.


pinjal

Flea, A small, wingless, parasitic insect of the order Siphonaptera.


anggi

From Javanese ꦲꦔ꧀ꦒꦶ (anggi, “herb”), from Old Javanese aṅgī (“herb”).


penyitaan

seizure: the act of taking possession, as by force or right of law.


pelepasan

the act of releasing, abandoning or liberating

dismissal: deprivation of office; the fact or process of being fired from employment or stripped of rank.


bea materai

Compound of bea + materai, calque of Dutch zegelrecht. Replaced bea segel.


abg

(text messaging) Abbreviation of abang (“older brother”).


kardus

From Dutch kardoes, from Middle French cartouche, Italian cartoccio, derived from Latin carta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “papyrus, paper”). Doublet of kartel, karton, kartu, katrij, kartrid, and kertas.


adiraja

Affixed adi- + raja, inherited from Malay adiraja, from Classical Malay اديراج (adiraja), from Sanskrit अधिराज (adhirāja).


adibintang

Affixed adi- + bintang, calque of Dutch superster.


adibusana

Affixed adi- + busana, calque of French haute couture.

(neologism, fashion) haute couture, exclusive fashion, high fashion, high style


adikarya

→ Malay: adikarya

Affixed adi- + karya (“work”), calque of French chef-d’œuvre (“masterpiece”).


adikodrati

From adi- + kodrati. Calque of English supernatural.


adiluhung

Affixed adi- + luhung, from Javanese ꦲꦢꦶꦭꦸꦲꦸꦁ (adiluhung).


gengsi

From Minangkabau [Term?]. Coined by Indonesian author Rosihan Anwar in 1949.

coinage

(rare, by extension) Lineage, progeny; descent in a line from a common progenitor.

(by extension) Prestige; something that invokes admiration or respect.


gengsi

Ada orang yang gengsi ketika disuruh meminta maaf terlebih dahulu.

There are those who are prideful when asked to apologize first.

Prideful; referring to a reluctance or inhibition to do something, due to one's own conceit or to protect one's dignity.


adipenghantar

Affixed adi- + penghantar (“conductor”), calque of English superconductor. Coined by Indonesian physicist Liek Wilardjo.


kurap

From Malay kurap, from Proto-Austronesian *kurap (“ringworm”).


rukun tetangga

id-noun

rukun tetangga (plural rukun-rukun tetangga)

Compound of rukun (“harmonious, peaceful, unanimous”) + tetangga (“neighbor”), calque from Japanese 隣組(となりぐみ) (tonarigumi, literally “neighbor association”).

ja-r

neighborhood association, a group of residents or property owners who advocate for or organize activities within a neighborhood.


rukun warga

Compound of rukun + warga, displaced rukun kampung, calque from Japanese 字常会(あざじょうかい) (azajōkai, literally “aza regular meeting”).

rukun tetangga
rukun tetangga#Indonesian

A hamlet-like (a group of houses) informal governance structure in Indonesia, which is larger than rukun tetangga.


pendidikan kesejahteraan keluarga

Compound of pendidikan (“education”) + kesejahteraan (“welfare”) + keluarga (“family”), from Japanese 婦人会 (fujinkai, “women association”).
* Replaced by pembinaan kesejahteraan keluarga.
* Replaced bujingkai.

der

(obsolete) home economics: a program at village level in Indonesia to educate women on various aspects of family welfare.


karang taruna

From karang + taruna, a calque from Japanese 青年団(せいねんだん) (seinendan).

(military) neighborhood youth association


linmas

perlindungan masyarakat
perlindungan masyarakat#Indonesian

short for perlindungan masyarakat (“civil defence”, literally “society protection”).


hanra

pertahanan rakyat
pertahanan rakyat#Indonesian

short for pertahanan rakyat (“civil defense”).


hansip

pertahanan sipil
pertahanan sipil#Indonesian

Acronym of pertahanan sipil (“civil defense”).

(colloquial) a type of local security officers of an administrative village in Indonesia who part of civil defence system.

(Kaskus) website/forum support who handle abuse or report


pertahanan sipil

Compound of pertahanan (“defense”) + sipil (“civil”), calque of English civil defense.

compound

civil defense (US), civil defence (British), efforts to protect the citizens of a state from military attack.


ceker

From Javanese ꦕꦺꦏꦺꦂ (cékér). Doublet of cakar.


meredupkan

(transitive) To reduce the light by means of a control; to turn down.

(transitive) To make something less bright; to dim.


induk

From Malay induk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *indu. Doublet of indu. Compare Sundanese indung (“mother”).

(figurative) main, master, principal, center

(figurative) essence, quintessence, nucleus, origin, core, source


nasi kepal

Compound of nasi + kepal, calque of Japanese お握り. Attested before 1985.


tagar

Acronym of tanda pagar. Coined by Indonesian game designer Dian Ara in 2010.


narablog

From nara- + blog. Coined by Indonesian blogger Enda Nasution in 2009. Calque of English blogger.

(Internet) A contributor to a blog (from weblog) or online journal; blogger.


tindak pidana

Compound of tindak + pidana, calque of Dutch strafbaar feit. Coined by Indonesian jurist Satochid Kartanegara.


pelanggaran pidana

From pelanggaran + pidana. Coined by Indonesian jurist Tirta Admadja.


perbuatan pidana

perbuatan + pidana. Coined by Indonesian jurist and professor Moeljatno.


peristiwa pidana

From peristiwa + pidana. Coined by Indonesian jurist Ernst Utrecht.


sosiawan

From sosial + wan.
Coined by Indonesian journalist Soedardjo Tjokrosisworo.


cendikiawan

id-noun

cêndikiawan (plural cendikiawan-cendikiawan or para cendikiawan)

cêndikiawan (canonical)
cendikiawan-cendikiawan (plural)
para cendikiawan (plural)


Purba

From Simalungun Batak Purba and Karo Batak Purba.


linimasa

From lini + masa. Calque of English timeline. Coined by Indonesian poet Hasan Aspahani in 2010.


bejo

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦼꦗ (beja, “luck; fortunate”), from Old Javanese bhāgya (“good fortune, luck; fortunate, lucky”), from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya). Doublet of bahagia.


pengesahan kewajaran

(business) attestation: The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business information of a business, public agency, or other organization.


jazirah

From Malay jazirah, from Classical Malay jazirah, from Arabic جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “peninsula”).


sendratari

sêndratari (canonical)
sendratari-sendratari (plural)

Blend of seni (“art”) + drama (“drama”) + tari (“dance”).
Coined by Indonesian artist and author Herman Pratikto in 1961.

coinage

Meski yang ingin kulihat sebenarnya adalah sendratari lain setelah pertunjukan ini, tapi tarian para perempuan di depan itu seperti mampu menyihirku.

2015, Rae Shella, Arum Effendi, Tyas Effendi, Untuk Apa Kau Menandai Waktu?, Universitas Brawijaya Press, page 174:

Even though what I really wanted to see was another ballet after this performance, but the dancing of the women in the front seemed to be able to bewitch me.

Ballet, a theatrical presentation of such dancing, usually with music, sometimes in the form of a story.


sinting

head

sinting (superlative tersinting, equative sesinting)

tersinting (superlative)
sesinting (equative)

Unknown. Although this word is known to have been coined by an Indonesian artist and author Herman Pratikto, it is not known for certain how it was formed. Probably from Minangkabau senteng (“lack of”).


blingsatan

From Unknown.
Coined by Indonesian artist and author Herman Pratikto.


setengah baya

From setengah + baya. Attested before 1956.


separuh baya

From separuh + baya. Attested before 1952.

middle-aged; quadragenarian (somewhere during their 40s); fortysomething


arondisemen

From French arrondissement. Attested before 1964.


cerpenis

From cerpen + -is. Coined by Indonesian author Pramoedya Ananta Toer.


kepanduan

Affixed pandu + ke- -an. Semantic loan from Dutch padvinderij. Coined by Indonesian statesman Agus Salim in 1928.


kata keterangan

From kata (“word”) + keterangan (“explanation”). Coined by Indonesian author Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana in 1963.


kalimat keterangan

From kalimat (“sentence”) + keterangan. Coined by Indonesian author Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana in 1963.


frasa keterangan

From frasa (“phrase”) + keterangan. Coined by Indonesian author Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana in 1963.


wadam

Blend of hawa + adam. First attested around 1960s. Replaced by waria.


daya hantar

Compound of daya + hantar, from English conductivity. Coined by Komisi Istilah 50s.


masyarakat madani

Compound of masyarakat + madani, from Malay masyarakat madani.


tampal

Inherited from Malay tampal, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tapəl (“a patch, as on clothing”), from Proto-Austronesian *Capəl (“a patch; to patch”). Cognate with Tagalog tapal.

inh

a patch (cloth used for mending tears or holes in clothes)


kartu SIM

surat izin mengemudi
surat izin mengemudi#Indonesian


penyelenggaraan

Affixed selenggara + peng- -an, Inherited from Malay penyelenggaraan (“maintenance”).

inh+

organizing: the act or process by which something is organized.

execution: the act, manner or style of executing (actions, maneuvers, performances).

(rare) maintenance: actions performed to keep some machine or system functioning or in service.


menyelenggarakan

From Malay menyelenggarakan, from Classical Malay menyelenggarakan. Equivalent to selenggara + meng- -kan.


busyido

Borrowed from Japanese 武士道 (bushidō), from Middle Chinese 武士 (mɨo^X d͡ʒɨ^X, “warrior”) + 道 (dɑu^X, “way”).

der

An ethical code of the samurai that was prevalent in feudal Japan that advocated unquestioning loyalty to the master at all costs and obedience in all deeds, valuing honor above life.


syabu-syabu

From Japanese しゃぶしゃぶ (shabushabu). Attested before 1990.


sabu-sabu

Reduplication of sabu, from English shabu, from Japanese シャブ (shabu, “stimulant”), possibly from Japanese しゃぶる (shaburu, “to suck, to lick”).


kartu keluarga

Compound of kartu (“card”) + keluarga (“family”).


penanda

marker
(literally) Something that marks.

(biology) A gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species.

(biology, medicine) a biomarker: A substance used as a diagnostic indicator or for other analysis;

A perceptible (e.g. visibile) indication.

A semantic unit, something that conveys meaning or information (e.g. a word of written language); (linguistics, semiotics) a unit consisting of a signifier and a signified concept.

(linguistics) identifier: the sound of spoken word or string of letters on a page that a person recognizes as a sign; signifier.

Something that identifies or uniquely points to something or someone else.

(computing) tag: a keyword, term, or phrase associated with or assigned to data, media, and/or information enabling keyword-based classification; often used to categorize content.

(computing) bookmark: a record of the address of a file or Internet page, serving as a shortcut to it.


kanker serviks

From kanker + serviks. Calque of English cervical cancer.


kala kini

From kala + kini. Calque of English present tense.


kala akan datang

From kala + akan datang. Calque of English future tense.


reksa dana

Compound of reksa (“guardian”) + dana (“fund”), semantic loan from English mutual fund. Coined in Law No.8 of 1995 on Capital Market, which passed in 1995. The term was inspired by name PT Reksadana.


dana abadi

From dana (“fund”) + abadi (“eternal”), calque of English endowment fund.

sovereign wealth fund
sovereign wealth fund


hawalah

From Arabic حَوَالَة (ḥawāla, “transfer, trust”).

bor

(Islamic finance) hawala, a long-established informal system of money transfer from India and the Middle East, still in use by migrant workers.