ujar

Inherited from Malay ujar, from Old Malay ūjar, from Sanskrit उच्चर् (uccar, “to emit, cause to sound, utter, pronounce, declare”).


suasana

From Malay suasana, from Sanskrit स्वसन (svasana, “breathing”) or श्वसन (śvasana, “breath, air, wind”).


kapuranta

From Javanese kapuranta (ꦏꦥꦸꦫꦤ꧀ꦠ, “pink”).


karantala

From Sanskrit करन् (karan, “hand”) + तल (tala, “surface, palm”).

compound

palm: the inner and somewhat concave part of the human hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers.


syala

From Sanskrit शाल (śāla, “Shorea robusta, Artocarpus lacucha”). Doublet of sala and salam.


tirta amarta

Compound of tirta (“water”) + amarta (“immortal”).


lokawiruda

From Sanskrit लोकविरुद्ध (lokaviruddha, “opposed to public opinion”).

things contrary to custom, prohibitions for the public


abor

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦺꦴꦂ (abor, “rotten of egg”), from Old Javanese awur (“confused, mixed”). Doublet of abur and awur.

(dialect, Java) mixing of egg white and egg yolk.


aburan

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦸꦫꦤ꧀ (aburan). Reanalysed as hambur + -an.

(Java) children's play by throwing a card with a picture in the air.


ajigineng

(dialect, Java) coitus technique knowledge.


adang

Inherited from Malay adang (compare to Javanese ꦲꦝꦁ (adhang)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadaŋ (“to block, obstruct a path; ambush”).


adang

(dialect, Java, cooking) cook rice with broiler.


antawacana

From Javanese [Term?] (“dialog”), from Old Javanese antah + wacana, from Sanskrit अंतः (aṃtaḥ) + वचन (vacana). Reconstructed as antah + wacana.

(art, wayang) dhalang's specific speaking style associated with each puppet


hamparan

overlay: a block of program code that is loaded over something previously loaded, so as to replace the functionality.


kelarutan

solubility; the condition of being soluble.


bablas

(dialect, Java) to continue, to keep on.


dwibahasa

Having the ability to speak two languages.

Spoken or written in two different languages.


bejat

From Javanese bejat (ꦧꦼꦗꦠ꧀), from Sanskrit अवजात (avajāta).


baureksa

From Javanese ꦧꦲꦸꦉꦏ꧀ꦱ (bahureksa), from Old Javanese bāhurakṣā (“armour, bracelet”), from Sanskrit बाहु (bāhu, “arm”) + रक्षा (rakṣā, “protection”).


bausuku

From Javanese ꦧꦲꦸꦱꦸꦏꦸ (bausuku, “village worker”, literally “many foot, many leg”). Reanalysed as bahu (“many”) + suku (“foot”).


bancak

(dialect, Java) the container of tumpeng (cone-shaped rice dish with side dishes of vegetables and meat).


bancakan

Affixed bancak (“the container of tumpeng”) + -an, from Javanese ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦏꦤ꧀ (bancakan).

suffix

slametan: a (Javanese) communal feast, held to celebrate numerous types of event.

(Java) dish(es) of food made available at such a feast

(figurative, derogatory) something, such as money, distributed with corruptive nature, referring to previous definition and Sekaten tradition of tumpeng distribution.


ayem

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦪꦼꦩ꧀ (ayem, “untroubled, peaceful, comfortable”), from Old Javanese ayĕm, ayöm, ayum (“in the cool, in the shade”).


bendoro

From Javanese ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦫ (bendara), from Prakrit bhaṁḍāra, bhaṁḍāāra, bhaṁḍāgāra, from Sanskrit भाण्डागार (bhāṇḍāgāra, “treasury”). Doublet of bendahara, bendahari, bendara, bendari, bendoro, and bentara.

doublet

(dialect, Java) master: someone who employs others.


carik

From Javanese ꦕꦫꦶꦏ꧀ (carik, “secretary, clerk; hand-worked batik; sawah”), from Old Javanese carik (“scratch, groove, line”).


setrika

→ Tetum: estrika


cacah

From Malay cacah, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cɔh, *ʔcɔh (“to peck, to strike with adze, hoe, etc.”).
* The senses other than image on skin of chopped mark is semantic loan from Javanese ꦕꦕꦃ (cacah, “counting, chopping”), from Old Javanese cacah (“in pieces, in shreds, cut up, covered with wounds, carving”).

der

(dialect, Java) count: the result of a tally that reveals the number of items in a set; a quantity counted.

(dialect, Java) farmer, regular villager.


cebong

Borrowed from Javanese cebong (ꦕꦺꦧꦺꦴꦁ). Doublet of kecebong.

a young toad or frog in its larval stage of development that lives in water, has a tail and no legs, and, like a fish, breathes through gills

(by extension) the aquatic larva of any amphibian

tadpole
the aquatic larva of any amphibian

(derogatory, politics) political supporter of Joko Widodo, president of Indonesia


sajian

(art) performance: a live show or concert.


sesajen

From Javanese sesajen (ꦱꦼꦱꦗꦺꦤ꧀), from Old Javanese sasajen. Reanalysed as partial reduplication of sajian.


sesaji

Partial reduplication of saji, from Javanese sesajen (ꦱꦼꦱꦗꦺꦤ꧀).


garis gaya

Compound of garis (“line”) + gaya (“force”), calque of Dutch krachtlijn (“field line”).


kantilever

(engineering, architecture) cantilever: a beam anchored at one end and projecting into space, such as a long bracket projecting from a wall to support a balcony.


standardisasi

From Dutch standaardisatie. Reconstructed as standar + -isasi.

standardization; the process of complying with a standard


standarisasi

Affixed standar + -isasi by folk-etymology, not from Dutch standaardisatie.

Nonstandard form of standardisasi (“standardization”).


roda gila

Compound of roda (“wheel”) + gila (“unusual”).


remanen

From English remanent, from Latin remanens, present participle of remaneō (“I remain”).

(engineering, physics) remanent: remaining or persisting especially after an electrical or magnetic influence is removed.


pingsan

From Malay pengsan, pingsan,
from Classical Malay pengsan, pingsan.


rotasi

From Dutch rotatie (“rotation”), from Latin rotatio.


akomodasi

From Dutch accommodatie, from French accommodation from Latin accommodātiō (“adjustment, accommodation, compliance”), from accommodō (“adapt, put in order”).

der

(law enforcement, tourism) lodging in a dwelling or similar living quarters afforded to travellers in hotels or on cruise ships, or prisoners, etc.

(anatomy) the adjustment of the eye to a change of the distance from an observed object.

(anthropology, sociology) the act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment.


asimilasi

→ Malay: asimilasi

the act of assimilating or the state of being assimilated.

(linguistics, phonology) a sound change process by which the phonetics of a speech segment becomes more like that of another segment in a word (or at a word boundary), so that a change of phoneme occurs.

(biology, nutrition) the metabolic conversion of nutrients into tissue.

(sociology) the adoption, by a minority group, of the customs and attitudes of the dominant culture.


adas manis

From Malay adas manis (“anise”), from Classical Malay ادس مانيس (adas manis).


lagu kebangsaan

Likely from lagu (“song”) + kebangsaan (“of a nation”).


darah biru

Compound of darah (“blood”) + biru (“blue”), literally “blue blood”. Compare to Spanish sangre azul.

blue blood,
noble or aristocratic ancestry.

Darah biru dari binatang ini juga mampu berkoagulasi saat bertemu dengan bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi.

2020 October 9, “7 Hewan yang Selamat dan Terus Hidup Ketika Dinosaurus Punah [7 Animals that Survived and Still Lived When Dinosaurs Went Extinct]”, in Kumparan, archived from the original on 2021-04-04:

The blue blood of this animal can also coagulate when in contact with bacteria that can cause infections.

blue blood,
(literal) blood of the color blue.


berdarah biru

Berbeda dengan makhluk hidup lainnya yang umumnya berdarah merah, kepiting tapal kuda berdarah biru.

2018 May 15, Aan Madrus, “Mengenal Kepiting Tapal Kuda, Hewan Berdarah Biru [About the Horseshoe Crab, a Blue-Blooded Animal]”, in Bobo, Kompas Gramedia, archived from the original on 2021-04-04:

Different from other living things that are generally red-blooded, the horseshoe crab is blue-blooded.

blue-blooded,
having blood of the color blue.


ibukota

nonstandard spelling of ibu kota (“capital city”).


nasionalisme

→ Malay: nasionalisme

Affixed nasional + -isme, from Dutch nationalisme, from French nationalisme.


koersi

From English coercion (regularisation from English -tion into Indonesian -si via Dutch -tie), from Old French cohercion, from Latin coercitiō (“magisterial coercion”), from coercere, past participle coercitus (“to restrain, coerce”), from cum (“with”) + arceō (“to shut in, enclose”).

der

actual or threatened force for the purpose of compelling action by another person; the act of coercing.

use of physical or moral force to compel a person to do something, or to abstain from doing something, thereby depriving that person of the exercise of free will.


kognisi

From Dutch cognitie, from Latin cognitio (“knowledge, perception, a judicial examination, trial”), from cognitus, past participle of cognoscere (“to know”), from co- (“together”) + *gnoscere, older form of noscere (“to know”).

the process of knowing, of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought and through the senses.

(sociology) cognition:
a result of a cognitive process.


inkonstitusional

From Dutch inconstitutioneel, from French inconstitutionnel.


institusionalisasi

(government, politics) the process of establishing a practice as a norm

(psychology) the process of committing a person to a facility where their freedom to leave will be restrained, usually a mental hospital.


hubungan internasional

Compound of hubungan (“relation”) + internasional (“international”), calque of English international relations.

clq

international relations
international relations#English

(government, politics) international relations.


UKM

unit kegiatan mahasiswa
unit kegiatan mahasiswa#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of unit kegiatan mahasiswa.

(business) Initialism of usaha kecil dan menengah (“small and medium-sized enterprise; SME”).


KRS

(education) Initialism of kartu rencana studi (“course planning sheet”).


KHS

(education) Initialism of kartu hasil studi.


penasihat akademik

From penasihat (“advisor”) + akademik (“academic”), calque of English academic advisor.


kartu anggota

id-noun

kartu anggota (plural kartu-kartu anggota)

From kartu (“card”) + anggota (“member”), literally “member's card”.


kartu keanggotaan

From kartu (“card”) + keanggotaan (“membership”), calque of English membership card.

kartu tanda anggota
kartu tanda anggota#Indonesian


kartu tanda anggota

From kartu (“card”) + tanda + anggota (“member”).


KTA

kredit tanpa agunan
kredit tanpa agunan#Indonesian

(finance) Initialism of kredit tanpa agunan (“non-collateral loan”).

Initialism of kartu tanda anggota (“membership card”).


lembaran negara

Compound of lembaran (“sheet”) + negara (“state”), calque of Dutch staatsblad (literally “state + sheet”).

clq

official gazette
official gazette#English


berita negara

Compound of berita (“news”) + negara (“state”), calque of Dutch staatscourant (literally “state + newspaper”).


keamanan nasional

Compound of keamanan (“security”) + nasional (“national”), calque of English national security.

com+

(politics) national security (the safety of a country as managed through the exercise of economic and political power, intelligence agencies and diplomacy)


konflik

From Dutch conflict, from Latin cōnflīctus.


koeksistensi

Affixed ko- + eksistensi, from Dutch coëxistentie (current spelling co-existentie).


kohabitasi

From Dutch cohabitatie, from French cohabitation, from Latin cohabitationem.

(anthropology, sociology) an emotional and physical intimate relationship which includes a common living place and which exists without legal or religious sanction.

(politics) cooperation between politicians of opposing political parties; especially, in France, between a President and Prime Minister.


konfrontasi

From Dutch confrontatie, from Middle French confrontation or Latin confrontātiō.

the act of confronting or challenging another, especially face to face.

(politics) a conflict between armed forces.

confrontation:
a conflict between armed forces.


konstitusionalisme

From Dutch constitutionalisme, from French constitutionnalisme.


muatan lokal

Compound of muatan (“content”) + lokal (“local”).

(education) local content: curriculum activities to develop competencies that are tailored to local characteristics and potentials.


portofolio

From English portfolio, from Italian portafoglio, from Latin portāre (“to carry”) and folium (“sheet”).

a case for carrying papers, drawings, photographs, maps and other flat documents.

(education) the collection of such documents, especially the works.

(management, politics) the post and the responsibilities of head of a department.

(business, finance) the group of investments and other assets held by an investor.


gagasan

Affixed gagas (“to think”) + -an, from Javanese ꦒꦒꦱꦤ꧀ (gagasan).


ilmu komputer

Compound of ilmu (“science”) + komputer (“computer”), from calque of English computer science.

compound

computer science
computer science#English


mekanis

From Dutch mechanisch, from French méchanique (“mechanical; mechanics”), from Old French mecanique, from Latin mechanicus (“of or belonging to machines or mechanics, inventive”), from Ancient Greek μηχανικός (mēkhanikós, “pertaining to machines or contrivance, mechanic, ingenious, inventive”), from μηχανή (mēkhanḗ, “a machine, contrivance”).


SPLP

(immigration) Initialism of surat perjalanan laksana paspor (“travel document in lieu of passport”).


tanda keluar

id-noun

tanda keluar (plural tanda-tanda keluar)


tepik

head

têpik (active menepik, passive ditepik, involuntary/perfective passive tertepik)

têpik (canonical)
menepik (active)
ditepik (passive)

Inherited from Malay tepik, from Proto-Malayic *təpik, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təpik. Doublet of tepuk.
Cognates
Cognate with Minangkabau tapiak, Iban tempik, Tagalog tapik.

to strike the palms of the hands together, creating a sharp sound

to slap with the hand in a jovial manner

to bring two surfaces together forcefully, creating a sharp sound

to (gently) tap the flat of one's hand on a person or thing

to hit lightly and repeatedly with the flat of the hand to make smooth or flat


surat keterangan

Compound of surat (“document”) + keterangan (“explanation, detail”), literally “document which contain explanations or details of something”

compound

certificate: a document containing a certified statement.


penulis

id-noun

penulis (plural penulis-penulis or para penulis)

penulis-penulis (plural)
para penulis (plural)

From peng- + tulis. The term (penoelis) was translation of Japanese 幹事(かんじ) (kanji, “secretary”), see kanzi.

writer (a person who writes, or produces literary work)


Pancasilais

(politics) One who has Pancasila ideology or beliefs.


berita pemerintah

Compound of berita (“news”) + pemerintah (“government”), calque from Japanese 官報(かんぽう) (kanpō, “official government gazette”).

ja-r

(law, government, historical) official gazette.


bumantara

From Javanese ꦧꦾꦺꦴꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ (byomantara, “sky”), from Old Javanese byomāntara (“sky”), from Sanskrit व्योम (vyoma, “sky”) + अन्तर (antara, “between”).


joglo

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦭꦺꦴ (joglo).

(architecture) joglo: type of traditional vernacular house of the Javanese people.


tribuana

From Balinese tribuana (ᬢ᭄ᬭᬶᬪ᭄ᬯᬦ), from Sanskrit त्रिभुवन (tribhuvana, “three world”). Reanalysed as tri + buana.


warna bahasa

Compound of warna (“colour”) + bahasa (“language”), calque of Balinese ᬯᬃᬦᬩᬲ (warna basa, “register”, literally “variety of language”), from Sanskrit वर्ण (varṇa, “colour”) + भाषा (bhāṣā, “language”).

compound

(linguistics) register: a style of a language used in a particular context, which is related to honorific.


prawira

From Javanese ꦥꦿꦮꦶꦫ (prawira, “hero; heroic, brave”), from Old Javanese prawīra (“hero; brave”), from Sanskrit प्रवीर (pravīra). Doublet of perwira.


rudapaksa

Borrowed from Javanese ꦫꦸꦢꦥꦼꦏ꧀ꦱ (rudapeksa), from Old Javanese rodra (“Rudra-like, violent”) + pakṣa (“intention”), from Sanskrit रौद्र (raudra, “violent, wild”) + पक्ष (pakṣa). Introduced in Sidang Komisi 1952 as translation of Dutch geweld by Prijana.

compound

Cedera kepala sekunder terjadi setelah rudapaksa akan timbul edema serebri, rusaknya blood brain barrier, nekrosis jaringan, hipertermi, dan lain-lain. ―.

(medicine) trauma: any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.


sarira

From Javanese sarira (ꦱꦫꦶꦫ), from Old Javanese śarīra (“body”), from Sanskrit शरीर (śarīra, “body”). Doublet of selira.


tumbal

From Javanese tumbal (ꦠꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦭ꧀, “sacrifice”).

(dialect, Java) sacrifice, corban, victim.


unduhan

unduh + -an, from Javanese undhuhan (ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦲꦤ꧀). Harvest sense coined by Komisi Istilah 50s and download sense coined by Pusat Bahasa 2000s.

(rare) harvest: the yield of harvesting, i.e., the gathered crops or fruits.


bebekel

From Balinese bebekel (ᬩᭂᬩᭂᬓᭂᬮ᭄). Reanalysed as partial reduplication of bekal (“provision”).

(dialect, Bali) property brought by husband or wife (before marriage).


kelompok kerja

id-noun

kelompok kerja (plural kelompok-kelompok kerja)

Compound of kelompok (“group”) + kerja (“work”), calque of English working group.


katode

From Dutch kathode, from Ancient Greek κατα- (kata-, “down”) and ὁδός (hodós, “journey, way”), forming the New Greek compound κάθοδος (káthodos, “to go down”).


parawangsa

From Sasak parawangsa. Reanalysed as para + wangsa.

(dialect, Sasak) an eminent class of people who were descended from village leaders, but not nobles.


babi guling

spit-roasted suckling pig, especially the one commonly found in Bali


slalu

(poetic) contraction of selalu (“always”).


makakawin

Reanalysed as meng- + kakawin, from Balinese ᬫᬓᬓᬯᬶᬦ᭄ (makakawin)


fasilitas kesehatan

Compound of fasilitas (“facility”) + kesehatan (“health”), calque of English health facility.


pusat kesehatan masyarakat

id-noun

pusat kesehatan masyarakat (uncountable)

Compound of pusat (“center, centre”) + kesehatan (“health”) + masyarakat (“public”).


fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan

id-noun

fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan (uncountable)

Compound of fasilitas (“facility”) + pelayanan (“care”) + kesehatan (“health”), calque of English health-care facility.

compound

fasilitas kesehatan
fasilitas kesehatan#Indonesian

(healthcare) synonym of fasilitas kesehatan (“health-care facility”).


fasyankes

(healthcare) acronym of fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan (“health-care facility”).


faskes

(healthcare) acronym of fasilitas kesehatan (“health facility”).


puskesmas

pusat kesehatan masyarakat
pusat kesehatan masyarakat#Indonesian

(healthcare) acronym of pusat kesehatan masyarakat.


PKM

(healthcare) initialism of pusat kesehatan masyarakat.

(education) initialism of program kreativitas mahasiswa.


peraturan daerah

Compound of peraturan (“law”) + daerah (“regional, subdivision”).

(law) regional law, enact by guvernor with Provincial Regional People's Representative Council in pronvicial level or enact by regent or mayor with Municipal Regional People's Representative Council in municipal level


lintang

Coordinate term: bujur

(astronomy, geography) latitude; parallel


hasrat

From Malay hasrat, from Classical Malay حسرت (hasrat), from Arabic حَسْرَة (ḥasra).


ilmu pengetahuan

Compound of ilmu + pengetahuan (“knowledge”).

science: the collective discipline of study or learning acquired through the scientific method; the sum of knowledge gained from such methods and discipline.


ilmu pengetahuan alam

Compound of ilmu pengetahuan (“science”) + alam (“nature”), calque of Dutch natuurwetenschap (“natural science”).


demokrasi liberal

Compound of demokrasi + liberal, calque of Dutch liberale democratie.

liberal democracy
liberal democracy#English


lektor kepala

lektor (“assistant professor”) + kepala (“head”)

compound

(education) associate professor, senior lecturer.


universitit

From Dutch universiteit (“university”), from Middle Dutch universiteit, from Old French universitei, from Medieval Latin ūniversitās. Compare to German Universität.

(education, dated) Superseded spelling of universitas.


universitas terbuka

Compound of universitas + terbuka, calque of English Open University.

(education) open university: a university with an open-door academic policy, with minimal or no entry requirements.


pakaian dinas

id-noun

pakaian dinas (plural pakaian-pakaian dinas)


romansa

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch romance, from German Romanze, from French romance, from Spanish romance, itself probably a borrowing from either Old French romanz or Old Occitan romans, meaning a narrative work in the vernacular speech, from Vulgar Latin romanicē (“in a Roman manner”), ultimately from Latin rōmānicus.

der

(literature) a story relating to chivalry; a story involving knights, heroes, adventures, quests, etc.

love affair: an intimate relationship between two people.


tahu diri

From tahu (“know”, verb) + diri (“self”), literally “to know oneself”.

compound

know one's place
know one's place#English

(literal) To understand the situation of oneself, or to know oneself in general.


asuransi jiwa

id-noun

asuransi jiwa (plural asuransi-asuransi jiwa)

Compound of asuransi (“insurance”) + jiwa (“life”, literally “soul”), calque of Dutch levensverzekering (“life insurance”).


serak

head

sêrak (comparative lebih serak, superlative paling serak, equative seserak)

sêrak (canonical)
lebih serak (comparative)
paling serak (superlative)
seserak (equative)

hoarse (having a dry, harsh tone to the voice, as a result of a sore throat, age, emotion, etc.)


serak

Onomatopoeic, or perhaps related to etymology 2.


hasil kali

From hasil (“result”) + kali (“multiply”), literally “multiplying result”.


pengurangan

reduction: the act, process, or result of reducing.


pembagian

pêmbagian (canonical)
pembagian-pembagian (plural)

(mathematics) division (the act of dividing numbers)

sharing (the act by which something is shared)

appropriation (that which is appropriated, for a particular use or reason)


perkalian

pêrkalian (canonical)
perkalian-perkalian (plural)

Affixed of kali (“times”) + per- -an. Coined after independence, being cited for example in Poerwadarminta (1976) of which the first edition appeared in 1953, though not yet in Zain (1957).


keliling

From Malay keliling, from Classical Malay keliling, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuliliŋ (“round about, around, in one’s surroundings; go around”).


keliling

keliling (root)
berkeliling (active)
keliling (active)
mengelilingi (active locative)
dikelilingi (involuntary locative passive)
kelilingi (locative)
kelilingilah (locative)
mengelilingkan (active applicative causative)
kelilingkan (applicative causative)
kelilingkanlah (applicative causative)


malming

(slang) Acronym of malam Minggu (“Saturday night”).


maljum

(slang) Acronym of malam Jumat (“Friday night”).


amanat

From Malay amanat, from Classical Malay امانت (amanat), from Classical Persian امانت (amānat), from Arabic أَمَانَة (ʔamāna). Doublet of amanah.

amanat anggaran

(communication, linguistics) a communication, or what is communicated; any concept or information conveyed.

(literature) an underlying theme or conclusion to be drawn from something.


anak berkebutuhan khusus

From anak (“child”) + berkebutuhan khusus (“having special needs”).

compound

special needs child
special needs child#English

A special needs child; a child with special needs.


kebutuhan khusus

kebutuhan (“need”, noun) + khusus (“special”), literally “special needs”, calque of English special needs.

(idiomatic) special needs; needs for special care, services or accommodations for disabilities


berkebutuhan khusus

ber- + kebutuhan khusus (“special needs”).

prefix

Having special needs; needing special care, services or accommodations for disabilities.


anak buah

Compound of anak (“child”) + buah (“fruit”).


pembalut

(medicine) Material applied to a wound for protection or therapy; dressing.

pembalut wanita
pembalut wanita#Indonesian


rancang bangun

id-noun

rancang bangun (plural rancang-rancang bangun)


marun

Etymology tree
Byzantine Greek μάραον (máraon)bor.
Italian marronebor.
French marronbor.
English maroonbor.
Indonesian marun
Borrowed from English maroon.

etymon

marun:

maroon: a rich dark red, somewhat brownish, color.


cakwe

From Hokkien 油炸粿 (iû-chā-kóe, literally “to deep-fry + cooked rice for making cake”).

zh-l

(cooking) youtiao: a type of deep-fried dough stick eaten in China and other East and Southeast Asian cuisines.


sekam

Inherited from Malay sekam, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *skaamʔ (“chaff; husks of paddy”).

der

(military) chaff: loose material, e.g. small strips of aluminum foil dropped from aircraft, intended to interfere with radar detection.


sertifikat tanah

Compound of sertifikat (“certificate”) + tanah (“land”)


kafan

From Malay kapan, kafan (Standard Malay kapan), from Classical Malay کاڤن (kapan), کافن (kafan), from Arabic كَفَن (kafan).

shroud, winding sheet, wrapping of a dead.


mosi tidak percaya

vote of no confidence
vote of no confidence#English

no-confidence motion
no-confidence motion#English

(politics) vote of no confidence, no-confidence motion.


per- -an

From Malay per- -an, from Classical Malay per- -an, from Proto-Austronesian [Term?].

budak (“slave”) → perbudakan (“slavehood”)

saudara (“sibling”) → persaudaraan (“brotherhood”)

-hood; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state.

teman (“friend”) → pertemanan (“friendship”)

-ship; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a property or state of being, time spent in a role, or a specialised union.

buruh (“worker”) → perburuhan (“labour”)

kebun (“garden”) → perkebunan (“horticulture”)

rumah (“house”) → perumahan (“housing”)

sekutu (“ally”) → persekutuan (“alliance”)

undang-undang (“law”) → perundang-undangan (“legislation”)

having to do with [base], affairs dealing with [base]

air (“water”) → perairan (“area of water”)

alat (“tool”) → peralatan (“equipment”)

bukit (“hill”) → perbukitan (“hill tract”)

buruh (“worker”) → perburuhan (“workforce”)

hotel (“hotel”) → perhotelan (“hotel”)

kebun (“garden”) → perkebunan (“plantation”)

muka (“surface”, literally “face”) → permukaan (“surface”)

rumah (“house”) → perumahan (“housing”)

ajar (“to teach”) → pelajaran (“lesson”)

gerak (“to move”) → pergerakan (“movement”)

kerja (“to work”) → pekerjaan (“work”)

the process or result of the action referred to by the verb [base]

atur (“to regulate”) → peraturan (“regulation”)

coba (“to try”) → percobaan (“attempt, experiment”)

ingat (“to remember”) → peringatan (“warning”)

tolong (“to help”) → pertolongan (“help, assistance”)

cetak (“to print”) → percetakan (“printing press”)

judi (“to gamble”) → perjudian (“gambling den”)

the place or location where the action of the verb [base]

tiga (“three”) → pertigaan (“three-way intersection”)

empat (“four”) → perempatan (“crossroad”)

lima (“five”) → perlimaan (“five-way intersection”)


hari raya

Compound of hari (“day”) + raya (“great”), from Malay hari raya


waralaba

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese wara (“gift”) + lābha (“profit”), intended translated as extra or special profit. Coined by Lembaga Pendidikan dan Pembinaan Manajemen for translation of franchise.

coinage

(business) The authorization granted by a company to sell or distribute its goods or services in a certain area.

(business) A business operating under such authorization, a franchisee.

(literature) The loose collection of fictional works pertaining to a particular universe, including literary, film or television series from various sources.


Perang Salib

Compound of perang (“war”) + salib (“cross, crucifix”), literally “crucifix war(s)”, from Malay Perang Salib, most likely Calque of Arabic حَمْلَة صَلِيبِيَّة (ḥamla(t) ṣalībiyya, “Crusade”).

clq

حَمْلَة صَلِيبِيَّة


pemimpin pujian

id-noun

pemimpin pujian (plural pemimpin-pemimpin pujian)

Compound of pemimpin (“leader”) + pujian (“praise”), literally “praise leader”, calque of English worship leader.


ilmu bedah

Compound of ilmu + bedah, calque of Dutch heelkunde.

(surgery) surgery: the medical specialty related to the performance of surgical procedures.


dokter spesialis

Compound of dokter (“doctor, physician”) + spesialis (“specialist”), partial calque of Dutch arts-specialist (“specialist”).

partial calque

(healthcare) specialist: a physician whose practice is limited to a particular branch of medicine or surgery.


penyakit dalam

Compound of penyakit (“disease”) + dalam (“inside”).

internal medicine
internal medicine#English


interen

alternative form of intern (“internal”).


ansietas

ansiétas (canonical)
ansietas-ansietas (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin anxietas (“anxiety, carefulness”).


instalasi gawat darurat

Compound of instalasi (“installation”) + gawat (“urgent”) + darurat (“emergency”), probably from calque from Japanese 緊急救命室(きんきゅうきゅうめいしつ) (kinkyūkyūmeishitsu, “emergency room”, literally “urgent, emergency + life saving + room”).

ja-r

きんきゅうきゅうめいしつ

emergency department
emergency department#English

accident and emergency
accident and emergency#English

(healthcare) emergency room, emergency ward, emergency department, accident and emergency, casualty.


unit gawat darurat

Compound of unit (“unit”) + gawat (“urgent”) + darurat (“emergency”), probably from calque from Japanese 緊急救命室(きんきゅうきゅうめいしつ) (kinkyūkyūmeishitsu, “emergency room”, literally “urgent, emergency + life saving + room”).

ja-r

きんきゅうきゅうめいしつ


gawat

From Malay gawat, from Javanese ꦒꦮꦠ꧀ (gawat).


rumah sakit lapangan

Compound of rumah sakit (“hospital”) + lapangan (“field”), calque of Dutch veldhospitaal (“field hospital”).


gawat darurat

Compound of gawat (“critical”) + darurat (“emergency”)

compound

(medicine) medical conditions which are critically ill and requires resuscitation after the triage process is done, labelled P1.


gawat tidak darurat

Compound of gawat (“urgent, threatened”) + tidak darurat (“not emergency”).

(medicine) medical condition which are non-life-threatening, but urgently require treatment, as triage assessment, labelled P2.


tidak gawat tidak darurat

Compound of tidak gawat (“not urgent”) + tidak darurat (“not an emergency”).

(medicine) non-emergency medical conditions which require a doctor's care in several hours or days but not immediately as triage assessment, labelled P3.


lohor

superseded spelling of zuhur (“midday”).


paruh

From Malay paruh, from Classical Malay paruh. Compare Old Javanese paru, parö (“nearness, closeness”).


paruh

From Malay paruh, from Classical Malay paruh, from Old Javanese paro, parwa (“half”) (Javanese ꦥꦫꦺꦴ (paro, “half”)), from Sanskrit पर्व (parva), पर्वन् (parvan, “division, section”). Doublet of parwa.


paruh waktu

Compound of paruh (“half”) + waktu (“time”), from Dutch deeltijds (“part-time”).


dinas pemadam kebakaran

dinas (“service”) + pemadam kebakaran (“fire extinguisher, firefighter”)

compound

(firefighting, Indonesia) fire department: an organization, part of a local government, whose purpose is preventing and putting out fires. May provide other emergency services as well.


triase

(medicine) the process of sorting patients so as to determine the order in which they will be treated (for example, by assigning precedence according to the urgency of illness or injury).

(computing) The process of prioritizing bugs to be fixed.


kongkrit

alternative spelling of konkret (“concrete, real, actual, tangible”).


pemadam kebakaran

Compound of pemadam (“extinguisher”) + kebakaran (“fire”), calque of Dutch brandblusser (“fire extinguisher”, literally “fire + one who extinguished fires, an extinguisher”).

clq

alat pemadam kebakaran
alat pemadam kebakaran#Indonesian

fire extinguisher
fire extinguisher#English

(colloquial) ellipsis of alat pemadam kebakaran (“fire extinguisher”).


damkar

pemadam kebakaran
pemadam kebakaran#Indonesian


ngocok

Dia ngocok di kamarnya pas semua orang udah keluar.

He masturbated in his room when everyone was out.

(slang, vulgar, colloquial) to masturbate


KNC

kejadian nyaris cedera
kejadian nyaris cedera#Indonesian

(healthcare) initialism of kejadian nyaris cedera (“near miss”).


KTD

kejadian tidak diharapkan
kejadian tidak diharapkan#Indonesian

(healthcare) initialism of kejadian tidak diharapkan (“adverse event”).


ekabahasa

Menjadi seorang yang ekabahasa tidak sepenuhnya buruk.

Being a monolingual isn't necessarily a bad thing.


surat edaran

id-noun

surat edaran (plural surat-surat edaran)


terang bulan

terang (“bright”) + bulan (“moon”) refer to crescent shaped, the moon start to brighten.

(Central Java, South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, Eastern Indonesia, Originally Bandung) apam balik: a common dessert of folded stuffed pancake with varied textures from one that is akin to a crispier form of crumpets to small thin light pancake shells that break when bitten.

Central Java; South Kalimantan; East Kalimantan; North Kalimantan; Central Kalimantan; Originally Bandung; Central Java; South Kalimantan; East Kalimantan; North Kalimantan; Central Kalimantan; Originally Bandung

martabak manis

Southern Sumatra, Banten, Java (except Semarang)


K/L

(government) initialism of kementerian atau lembaga (“ministry or institution”).


serbat

From Malay serbat, from Persian شربت (šarbat, “sharbat”), from Arabic شَرْبَة (šarba, “drink”).


syarbat

(cooking) alternative spelling of serbat (“sharbat, sherbet”).


sabotase

From Dutch sabotage, from French sabotage.


Timor Timur

Compound of Timor (“Timor island”, literally “east”) + Timur (“east”). Cognate of Portuguese Timor Leste and Tetum Timor Lorosa'e.

compound

a former de facto province of Indonesia, whose territory corresponded to the previous Portuguese Timor and to the presently independent country of East Timor

East Timor (Indonesian province)
Timor-Leste
id:Timor Timur


Maladewa

Perhaps from Dutch Malediven, Maldiven. Possibly altered by phono-semantically matched folk etymology, reanalysed as a compound of mala- + dewa. Perhaps by law of Hobson-Jobson.

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


Britania Raya

Compound of Britania + raya (“great”), partial calque of Dutch Groot-Brittannië (“Great Britain”), from Middle English, from Latin maior Britannia.

clq

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland#English

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland#English

(historical) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922).

Kingdom of Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain#English

(historical) The Kingdom of Great Britain (1707-1801).


Inggris Raya

Compound of Inggris + raya (“great”), partial calque of Dutch Groot-Brittannië (“Great Britain”), from Middle English, from Latin maior Britannia.

(historical) The Kingdom of Great Britain.


asta sari

(architecture) Standard spelling of astasari.


balai banjar

Compound of balai + banjar, from calque of Balinese ᬩᬮᬾ ᬩᬜ᭄ᬚᬃ (bale banjar).


awig-awig

(law) Balinese customary law in desa pakraman level.


balai bengong

Compound of balai (“hall, house”) + bengong (“amaze, make speechless, astonish, ponder over”), from Balinese ᬩᬮᬾ ᬩᭂᬗᭀᬂ (bale bengong).


bengong

From Javanese bengong (“dazed, stupefied, stunned”).


wantilan

From Balinese ᬯᬦ᭄ᬢᬶᬮᬦ᭄ (wantilan, “roofed platform”).

(architecture) a roofed platform, usually used for public meetings


wisata puri

Compound of wisata (“tour”) + puri (“castle”).


anggaran

Affixed anggar (literally “consider”) + -an, inherited from Malay anggaran.
* Replaced Dutch begroting (“budget”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.
* Semantic loan from Japanese 定款(ていかん) (teikan, “articles of incorporation; company statute”, literally “determine + section”) for the sense of rule.

ja-r

(Standard Malay)


nangka belanda

Compound of nangka (“jackfruit”) + belanda (“Dutch”).

compound

Annona muricata
Annona muricata#Translingual

A small tropical evergreen tree, Annona muricata.

The tart, spiny, yellow-green fruit of this tree.


signifikan

From Dutch significant, from Latin significans, present participle of significare, from signum (“sign”) + ficare (“do, make”), variant of facere.


tujuan

Affixed tuju + -an, from Malay tujuan. Semantic loan from Dutch oogmerk (“aim, goal”) in law terms.


psikiatri

From Dutch psychiatrie, from French psychiatrie, from Medieval Latin psychiatria.


kue bandung

(Semarang) Synonym of terang bulan (“apam balik”)


apam pinang

From Pontianak Malay apam pinang, short for apam pulo pinang. Equivalent to apam + pinang.

(West Kalimantan) Synonym of terang bulan (“apam balik”)


martabak manis

martabak (“murtabak”) + manis (“sweet”), literally “sweet murtabak”

compound

(Southern Sumatra, Banten, West Java, Jakarta, Yogyakarta) Synonym of terang bulan (“apam balik”)


hok lo pan

(Bangka, Batam) Alternative spelling of hoklopan


asas praduga tidak bersalah

Compound of asas + praduga tidak bersalah

com+

presumption of innocence
presumption of innocence#English

(law) presumption of innocence principle.


andal

From Malay andal, handal, from Classical Malay اندل (andal), هندل (handal).


ULN

utang luar negeri
utang luar negeri#Indonesian

(finance) Initialism of utang luar negeri (“foreign debt”).


UAN

ujian akhir nasional
ujian akhir nasional#Indonesian

(education) acronym of ujian akhir nasional (“national final examination”).

(education) initialism of ujian akhir nasional (“national final examination”).


SDM

sumber daya manusia
sumber daya manusia#Indonesian

(management, human resources) Initialism of sumber daya manusia.

sumber daya mineral
sumber daya mineral#Indonesian


ujian akhir

Compound of ujian (“examination”) + akhir (“end”).

final examination
final examination#English


ujian akhir nasional

Compound of ujian akhir (“final examination”) + nasional (“national”).


ujian nasional

Compound of ujian (“examination”) + nasional (“national”).


tahun akademik

Compound of tahun (“year”) + akademik (“academic”), calque of English academic year.


titip absen

Compound of titip (“to entrust”) + absen (“presence”, literally “absence”).

(education, colloquial) signing in an absent person.


titip

From Malay titip, from Javanese titip (ꦠꦶꦠꦶꦥ꧀, “to ask”).


menitip

titip (root)
menitip (active)
tertitip (active involuntary)
dititip (active involuntary passive)
titip (active)
titiplah (active)
menitipkan (active applicative causative)
tertitipkan (applicative causative)
dititipkan (applicative causative passive)
titipkan (applicative causative)
titipkanlah (applicative causative)
mempertitipkan (active applicative causative)
terpertitipkan (applicative causative)
dipertitipkan (applicative causative passive)
pertitipkan (applicative causative)
pertitipkanlah (applicative causative)


amben

From Javanese ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦤ꧀ (ambèn, “couch”), from Old Javanese amben, ambyan (“couch”).

wooden bench with four, six or eight legs


amben

From Javanese ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ (amben, “belly-band; sash”), from Old Javanese ambĕn, hambĕn (“bind”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *amben.


UMKM

(business) Initialism of usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (“micro, small, or medium-sized enterprise; MSME”).


tunggul

tunggul pohon


sumber daya

Compound of sumber (“source”) + daya (“power”), literally “power source”, from calque from Chinese 資源／资源 (“resource, asset; natural resource”, literally “resources; capital + root; source; origin”).


antarkota

Compound of antar- (“inter-”) + kota (“city”), calque of English intercity


antar jemput

id-noun

antar jemput (plural antar-antar jemput)

Compound of antar (“to deliver”) + jemput (“to pick up”)

compound

a transport service (such as a bus or train) that goes back and forth between two or more places.

such a transport vehicle; a shuttle bus; a space shuttle.


catu daya

Compound of catu (“ration”) + daya (“power”), from calque of English power supply


tahun anggaran

Compound of tahun + anggaran, from calque of English budget year.

Sebagai tjara-tjara oentoek meperbanjak hasil bahan makanan teristimewa pada tahoen anggaran 2604, pertama direntjanakan menegoehkan dengan teratoer rapi tjara soesoenannja ditempatkan pemimpin Indonesia, jang dahoeloe hanja satoe orang dalam tiap Son, sekarang satoe orang dalam tiap-tiap Ku

As a way to increase the production of special food materials in the fiscal year of 2604, it was first planned to ensure a neat and orderly way of placing the Indonesian leaders, previously only one person in each Son, but now one person in each Ku.

(finance) budget year, fiscal year, or financial year.


air tawar

Compound of air (“water”) + tawar (“tasteless”), literally “tasteless water”.


air mentah

Compound of air (“water”) + mentah (“raw”).


air matang

Compound of air (“water”) + matang (“ripe”), literally “ripe water”


KRI

(nautical, military) Initialism of kapal perang Republik Indonesia. (ship prefix for naval ships of Indonesia)


pawongan

Borrowed from Balinese ᬧᬯᭀᬗᬦ᭄ (pawongan, “population, humanity”, literally “human realm”). Reconstructed as wong + peng- -an.


perbekel

pêrbêkêl (canonical)
perbekel-perbekel (plural)

Borrowed from Balinese ᬧᭂᬃᬩᭂᬓᭂᬮ᭄ (perbekel), ᬧ᭄ᬭᬩᭂᬓᭂᬮ᭄ (prabekel, “village head”).

(archaic) employee of a village government.


pangkon

Reconstructed as pangku + -an, from Javanese pangkon (ꦥꦁꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀, “virama”, literally “lap”) and Balinese pangkon (ᬧᬗ᭄ᬓᭀᬦ᭄, literally “lap”), from Old Javanese paṅkwan, paṅkon (“lap”). Doublet of pangkuan.

bor

(dialect, Java) virama: the diacritic used to suppress the inherent vowel that otherwise occurs with every consonant letter.

(dialect, music, Bali) hollow wood, the upper part is used to place the metal blades of gamelan, saron, and so on, acting as a sound maker.


transformasi

From Dutch transformatie, from French transformation, from Ecclesiastical Latin trānsfōrmātiō, trānsfōrmātiōnem, from Latin trānsfōrmō.


diversifikasi

From Dutch diversificatie, from Medieval Latin diversificatiō, from diversificātus, past participle of diversificō (“diversify”), from Latin diversus (“turned in different ways”) + faciō (“make, do”).

(business) a corporate strategy in which a company acquires or establishes a business other than that of its current product.

(finance) an investment strategy involving investing in a range of assets with differing features in order to reduce specific risk.


voltase

From Dutch voltage, from French voltage.

potential difference
potential difference#English

(electricity) potential difference, voltage.


impedansi

From Dutch impedantie (“impedance”). Doublet of impedans.


impedans

From English impedance. Doublet of impedansi.


induksi

From Dutch inductie (“induction”), from Middle Dutch inductie, from Middle French induction indirectly or Latin inductiō.

(logic) derivation of general principles from specific instances.

(mathematics) a method of proof of a theorem by first proving it for a specific case (often an integer; usually 0 or 1) and showing that, if it is true for one case then it must be true for the next.

(physics) generation of an electric current by a varying magnetic field.

induksi persalinan
induksi persalinan#Indonesian

(obstetrics) short for induksi persalinan (“labor induction”).


andongan

(electricity) sag: vertical difference in level between the straight line joining the points of consecutive supports and the lowest point of the conductor


petisi

From Dutch petitie, from Middle Dutch petitie, from Middle French petition, from Latin petītiō.


cukup jelas

cukup (“enough”) + jelas (“clear”), literally “clear enough”


perjanjian pranikah

prenuptial agreement
prenuptial agreement


imajinasi

From Dutch imaginatie, from French imagination, from Middle French, from Old French imaginacion, from Latin imāginātiō, imāginātiōnem.


tarif dasar listrik

id-noun

tarif dasar listrik (plural tarif-tarif dasar listrik)

Compound of tarif dasar (“basic rate”) + listrik (“electricity”), literally “electricity basic rate”


gangguan

Affixed ganggu (“to disturb”) + -an, calque of Dutch stoornis.


tanda daftar perusahaan

tanda daftar (“register”) + perusahaan (“company”)


tanda daftar

tanda (“sign”) + daftar (“registration”)

(only in compound) register; registration


tarif premi

Compound of tarif (“fee, rate”) + premi (“premium”).


tarif tetap

Compound of tarif (“fee, rate”) + tetap (“fixed”).


persekutuan perdata

persekutuan (“partnership”) + perdata (“civil”), literally “civil partnership”, calque of Dutch burgerlijke maatschap.

(law) limited liability partnership; LLP


persekutuan firma

persekutuan (“partnership”) + firma (“firm”), calque of Dutch vennootschap onder firma.


penanaman modal asing

penanaman modal (“investment”) + asing (“foreign”), literally “foreign investment”, calque of English foreign investment.

com

foreign direct investment
foreign direct investment

(finance, economics) foreign investment; foreign direct investment


pemberi kuasa

From pemberi (“giver”) + kuasa, calque of Dutch lastgever.


penerima kuasa

penerima + kuasa, calque of Dutch lasthebber


pembangkit

one who, or that which, generates, begets, causes, or produces.

a piece of apparatus, equipment, etc, to convert or change energy from one form to another.

Pembangkit selera


dalam negeri

Compound of dalam (“inside”) + negeri (“nation”), calque of Dutch binnenlands (“national, domestic”).

clq

domestic: internal to a specific country.


prajurit

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦿꦗꦸꦫꦶꦠ꧀ (prajurit, “soldier, troop”), from Old Javanese prajurit (“warrior, soldier”). Reconstructed as para jurit.

der

private: a soldier of the lowest rank in the army.


jurit

From Javanese jurit (ꦗꦸꦫꦶꦠ꧀, “war”), from Old Javanese jurit (“battle”).


jurit malam

Compound of jurit (“war”) + malam (“night”).


blusuk

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧ꧀ꦭꦸꦱꦸꦏ꧀ (blusuk, “entering, falling into a hole accidentally”).


pemancar

transponder: a radio or radar transceiver that transmits some signal in response to receiving a predetermined signal


acarya

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “teacher, master”). Doublet of acar, acara, ajar, and hajar.


insersi

From Dutch insertie, from Latin īnsertiō.

(anatomy) the distal end of attachment of a muscle to a bone that will be moved by the muscle.

(genetics) the addition of a nucleotide to a chromosome by mutation.


kontraksi

From Dutch contractie, from Middle French contraction, from Old French contraction, from Latin contractiō.

contraction:
a reversible reduction in size.

(physiology) a shortening of a muscle during its use.

(obstetrics) a strong and often painful shortening of the uterine muscles prior to or during childbirth.

(surgery) a distinct stage of wound healing, wherein the wound edges are gradually pulled together.

(linguistics) a process whereby one or more sounds of a free morpheme (a word) are lost or reduced, such that it becomes a bound morpheme (a clitic) that attaches phonologically to an adjacent word.


nomor induk

Compound of nomor + induk, partial calque of Dutch hoofdnummer (“main number”).

partial calque

registration number: numbers according to the records in the master book.


buku induk

Compound of buku + induk, partial calque of Dutch hoofdboek (“register”).

register: a book of formal recording of names, events, transactions entries


pembukuan

pêmbukuan (canonical)
pembukuan-pembukuan (plural)

Affixed buku + peng- -an, semantic loan from Dutch boekhouding.

booking: the act or process of writing something down in a book or books.

(accounting) bookkeeping: the skill or practice of keeping books or systematic records of financial transactions, e.g. income and expenses.

(accounting) posting: an item inserted into a register, ledger or diary.


beruang madu

Compound of beruang (“bear”) + madu (“honey”).


SMK

sekolah menengah kejuruan
sekolah menengah kejuruan#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of sekolah menengah kejuruan (“vocational high school”).


koligatif

From Dutch colligatief, from English colligative.


bendungan

Affixed bendung + -an, inherited from Malay بندوڠن (bendungan).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">bendungan</i>

dam, a structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow, generally for purposes such as retaining or diverting some of the water or retarding the release of accumulated water to avoid abrupt flooding.


dam sabo

Compound of dam (“dam”) + sabo (“erosion control”), from Japanese 砂防(さぼう)ダム (sabōdamu).

check dam: a small, sometimes temporary, dam constructed across a swale, drainage ditch, or waterway to counteract erosion by reducing water flow velocity.


bendung

Inherited from Malay بندوڠ (bendung), from Javanese ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦸꦁ (bendung).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">bendung</i>

weir: an adjustable dam placed across a river to regulate the flow of water downstream.


tanggul

From Javanese ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦭ꧀ (tanggul, “embankment, dam”), from Old Javanese taṅgul (“parrying, defence”).


kesal

kêsal (canonical)
kesal (root)
mengesal (active)
terkesal (active involuntary)
kesal (active)
kesallah (active)
mengesali (active locative)
terkesali (involuntary locative)
dikesali (involuntary locative passive)
kesali (locative)
kesalilah (locative)
mengesalkan (active applicative causative)
terkesalkan (applicative causative)
dikesalkan (applicative causative passive)
kesalkan (applicative causative)
kesalkanlah (applicative causative)
memperkesal (active causative)
terperkesal (active causative involuntary)
diperkesal (active causative involuntary passive)
perkesal (active causative)
perkesallah (active causative)
memperkesali (active causative locative)
terperkesali (causative involuntary locative)
diperkesali (causative involuntary locative passive)
perkesali (causative locative)
perkesalilah (causative locative)
memperkesalkan (active applicative causative)
terperkesalkan (applicative causative)
diperkesalkan (applicative causative passive)
perkesalkan (applicative causative)
perkesalkanlah (applicative causative)

From Javanese ꦏꦼꦱꦼꦭ꧀ (kesel, “tired”), from Old Javanese kĕsĕl (“tiredness, fatigue, exhaustion; sad, distressed”). Doublet of sesal.


buruh

From Malay buruh, from Old Malay vuruh (“workmen”), from, Betawi buruh (“paid man”), Old Javanese buruh (“paid man”), wuruh, uruh, wĕrĕh (“young man”).

laborer, labourer, worker: one who uses body strength instead of intellectual power to earn a wage, usually hourly.


tenaga kerja

Compound of tenaga (“energy”) + kerja (“work”), calque of Dutch arbeidskracht (“worker, labour”, literally “workforce”).

clq

tenaga kerja tak terdidik dan tak terlatih

the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.

all the workers employed by a specific organization or state, or on a specific project.

(demography) the total population of a country or region that is employed or employable.


mengentot

(vulgar, colloquial) Alternative form of ngentot


prekursor

Borrowed from Dutch precursor (“precursor; forerunner”), from Latin praecursor.

bor+

(biology) a cell or tissue that gives rise to a variant, specialized, or more mature form.

(chemistry) one of the compounds that participates in the chemical reaction that produces another compound.


kauman

kaum + -an, from Javanese kauman (ꦏꦲꦸꦩꦤ꧀).

(Islam) an area where pious Muslim communities are concentrated.


serep

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦺꦉꦥ꧀ (sèrep, “spare”),
* from a metathesis of Dutch spaar (“spare”).
* from Dutch reserve. Doublet of reserve.

spare: a spare part, especially a spare tire.


serep

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦼꦉꦥ꧀ (serep). Doublet of serap.


personil

alternative form of personel (“personnel”).


kulacino

a water ring, a mark left on a surface by the bottom of a wet glass or vessel (of tea, water, etc)


jomblo

alternative form of jomlo (“old maid, unmarried”).


suryakanta

From Javanese ꦱꦸꦂꦪꦏꦤ꧀ꦛ (suryakantha, “magnifying glas”, literally “sunstone”), from Sanskrit सूर्यकान्त (sūryakānta).


kaus kaki

Compound of kaus + kaki, calque of Dutch kousenvoet.

sock: a knitted or woven covering for the foot.


geosentrik

(astronomy) geocentric: having the Earth at the center.


batubara

(mining) alternative spelling of batu bara (“coal”).


salihah

From Arabic صَالِحَة (ṣāliḥa, “right, pious”), feminine singular of صَالِح (ṣāliḥ).


guntingan pers

(communication) clipping: an article clipped from a newspaper.


rancangan

Affixed rancang + -an.
* Displaced Dutch ontwerp (“design, plan, draft”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

draft: an early version of a written work.


prosen

percent, percentage: the amount, number or rate of something, regarded as part of a total of 100; a part of a whole.


seperseratus

percent: one part per hundred; one percent.


klarifikasi

From Dutch clarificatie, from Middle French clarification, from Latin clārificātiō.


implisit

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch impliciet, from Middle French implicite, from Latin implicitus, past participle of implico (“I infold, involve, entangle”).


eksplisit

From Dutch expliciet, from French explicite, from Latin explicitus (“disentangled", "easy”), an alternative form of the past participle of explicāre (“to unfold”), from ex- (“out”) + plicō (“to fold”).


pintu air

Compound of pintu (“door”) + air (“water”). Compare to Chinese 水門／水门 (“sluice, lock, floodgate”, literally “water door”).

zh-l

lock: a segment of a canal or other waterway enclosed by gates, used for raising and lowering boats between levels.

A portal which may be opened or closed to allow or prevent the passage of water through a man-made channel; sluice gate

A gate, or valve, by which a flow of water is permitted, prevented, or regulated; water gate.

An adjustable gate or valve used to control the flow of water through a sluice; floodgate.


tambahan

supplementary, ancillary, secondary, supplement.


pelengkap

something (or someone) that completes; the consummation.

something which completes one's equipment, dress etc.; an accessory.

(linguistics) a word or group of words that completes a grammatical construction in the predicate and that describes or is identified with the subject or object.


komplemen

From Dutch complement, from Latin complementum (“that which fills up or completes”), from compleō (“I fill up, I complete”).


buritan

(nautical) stern: the rear part or after end of a ship or vessel.


komputerisasi

Affixed komputer + -isasi, from English computerization (regularised as loanword from Dutch computerisatie).


Lebaran

From Javanese lebaran (“Eid al-Fitr”, literally “completion”), lebar (“finish, complete, after”) + -an.


jaring

From Malay jaring, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zariŋ (“noose or net trap”).

inh

a device made from such mesh, used for catching fish, butterflies, etc.; a device made from such mesh, generally used for trapping something.

(sports) a mesh stretched to divide the court in tennis, badminton, volleyball, etc.

(sports) a framework backed by a mesh, serving as the goal in hockey, soccer, lacrosse, etc.


elemen

From Dutch element, from Middle Dutch element, from Old French element, from Latin elementum (“a first principle, element, rudiment”), of uncertain origin (see further etymology there).

der

element: one of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.

(chemistry) any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means and made up of atoms all having the same number of protons.

one of the four basic building blocks of matter in theories of ancient philosophers and alchemists: water, earth, fire, and air.

(set theory) One of the objects in a set.

(physics) element: a component in electrical equipment, often in the form of a coil, having a high resistance, thereby generating heat when a current is passed through it.


pengantar

kata pengantar
kata pengantar#Indonesian

ellipsis of kata pengantar (“preface, foreword”).


palawija

From Javanese palawija (ꦥꦭꦮꦶꦗ, “second crop”), from Old Javanese phala (“fruit, seed, result”) + dwija (“twice”), from Sanskrit फल (phala, “fruit, seed, result”) + द्विज (dvija, “twice”).


labirin

From Dutch labyrint, from Latin labyrinthus, from Ancient Greek λαβύρινθος (labúrinthos, “maze”).

der

, pagar sesat (Standard Malay)

maze: a complicated irregular network of passages or paths, in which it is difficult to find one's way.

anything complicated and confusing in structure, arrangement, or character.

(anatomy) a tortuous anatomical structure.

labyrinth:
a tortuous anatomical structure.


catatan

→ Malay: catatan


spidol

A genericized trademark of the German trademark Staedtler.


apostolik

From Dutch apostoliek, from Latin apostolicus (“apostolic”), from Ancient Greek ἀποστολικός (apostolikós, “apostolic”).


murni

pure:
free of foreign material or pollutants.

free of flaws or imperfections; unsullied.

free of immoral behavior or qualities; clean.

(figurative) virgin: in a state of virginity; chaste, not having had sexual intercourse.


ketoprak

(drama) a theatrical genre of Java featuring actors who may also sing to the accompaniment of the gamelan, depicting stories mainly drawn from Javanese history plays, with improvised spoken dialogue in modern realistic acting and a clown who comments on current public topics.


ketoprak

(cooking) a Jakartan dish consisting of bean sprouts, bean curd, and peanut sauce.


Akrab

From Malay Akrab, from Classical Malay اقرب (Akrab), from Arabic عَقْرَب (ʕaqrab, “Scorpius”).

(obsolete) Scorpius: a constellation of the zodiac, roughly shaped like a scorpion. Its brightest star is the red giant Antares.


tolak peluru

Compound of tolak (“to push”) + peluru (“projectile”), calque of Dutch kogelstoten (“shot put”, literally “projectile + to push”).


pemilih

Affixed peng- + pilih, inherited from Malay pemilih.


menambang

To remove (rock or ore) from the ground.

(cryptocurrencies) To earn new units of cryptocurrency by doing certain calculations.


menambang

(figurative, obsolete) to abandon wife but unwillingly to divorce


bertambangan

to be engaged (agreed to be married) with more than one partner.


mencegah

[məɲt͡ʃəˈɡah]


mengangkat

Affixed meng- + angkat. Doublet of mangkat.


bentuk

From Malay bentuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bentuk (“curve”).


bertempur

to contend in physical conflict, either singly or in war, battle etc.

to strive for something; to campaign or contend for success.


saudara kandung

a sibling who has the same biological mother (i.e., not a step-sibling, or adopted sibling)


menerima

to receive, especially with a consent, with favour, or with approval.

to accept, to receive
to admit to a place or a group.

to accept, to receive
to suffer patiently.

to accept, to receive
to receive something willingly


pom bensin

(colloquial) Alternative spelling of pompa bensin (“filling station”)


termoplastik

thermosoftening plastic
thermosoftening plastic

(chemistry) thermoplastic, thermosoftening plastic


menguangkan

(transitive) To exchange (a check/cheque, money order, etc) for money in the form of notes/bills; to cash.


jenewer

From Dutch jenever, from Middle Dutch jenever, genever, geniver, from Old French genievre (compare French genièvre), via Vulgar Latin from Latin juniperus (“juniper”).

jenever: a Dutch and Flemish alcoholic spirit, flavoured with juniper, rather like gin.


beranak

ber- + anak. A pejorative semantic shift.


berburu

buru (root)
berburu (active)
terburu (active involuntary)
diburu (active involuntary passive)
buru (active)
burulah (active)
memburukan (active applicative causative)
terburukan (applicative causative)
diburukan (applicative causative passive)
burukan (applicative causative)
burukanlah (applicative causative)
memperburukan (active applicative causative)
terperburukan (applicative causative)
diperburukan (applicative causative passive)
perburukan (applicative causative)
perburukanlah (applicative causative)


berjanji

head

bêrjanji (transitive benefactive janjikan)

bêrjanji (canonical)
janjikan (benefactive transitive)


setoples

stoplès (canonical)
setoples-setoples (plural)

alternative form of stoples (“(bell) jar”).


konsorsium

From English consortium, from Latin consortium, from consors, consortis.

(business) an association or combination of businesses, financial institutions, or investors, for the purpose of engaging in a joint venture.

a similar arrangement among non-commercial institutions or organizations.


repatriasi

From Dutch repatriatie, from Late Latin repatrio (“to restore someone to their homeland”).


mercon

Borrowed from Javanese mercon (ꦩꦼꦂꦕꦺꦴꦤ꧀), suffixation of mercu (“fireball”) + -an, from Tamil விரிசு (viricu).

bor+

firecracker (a small explosive device, typically containing a small amount of gunpowder in a tightly-wound roll of paper, primarily designed to produce a large bang)

(figurative) a very spicy chili component


insiden

insidèn (canonical)
insiden-insiden (plural)

From Dutch incident, from Middle French incident, from Old French incident, from Latin incidēns.


peristiwa

From Malay peristiwa, from Classical Malay peristiwa, persetua, from Sanskrit प्रस्ताव (prastāva, “occasion”). Cognate Old Javanese prastāwa (“occasion, cause, reason”).


nyai

→ Min Nan: 雅 (ngá)

(obsolete) mistress of a European or Chinese man.


gubernemen

→ Min Nan: 敖文明 (gô-bûn-mê)

From Dutch gouvernement (“(colonial) government”), from French gouvernement (“government”).


gibah

gibah (root)
menggibah (active)
tergibah (active involuntary)
digibah (active involuntary passive)
gibah (active)
gibahlah (active)
menggibahi (active locative)
tergibahi (involuntary locative)
digibahi (involuntary locative passive)
gibahi (locative)
gibahilah (locative)
menggibahkan (active applicative causative)
tergibahkan (applicative causative)
digibahkan (applicative causative passive)
gibahkan (applicative causative)
gibahkanlah (applicative causative)
mempergibah (active causative)
terpergibah (active causative involuntary)
dipergibah (active causative involuntary passive)
pergibah (active causative)
pergibahlah (active causative)
mempergibahi (active causative locative)
terpergibahi (causative involuntary locative)
dipergibahi (causative involuntary locative passive)
pergibahi (causative locative)
pergibahilah (causative locative)
mempergibahkan (active applicative causative)
terpergibahkan (applicative causative)
dipergibahkan (applicative causative passive)
pergibahkan (applicative causative)
pergibahkanlah (applicative causative)

From Arabic غِيبَة (ḡība, “bad-mouthing”).


palkon

Contraction of kepala and kontol (lit. "dickhead").


aglomerasi

From Dutch agglomeratie, from French agglomération.


pecinan

→ Min Nan: 八芝蘭 /八芝兰 (peh-chi-lân)

Affixed Cina + per- -an, from Javanese ꦥꦕꦶꦤꦤ꧀ (pacinan).

Chinatown: a district of a city or town (in a country other than China) in which there is a large concentration of Chinese residents and businesses.


Selam

→ Min Nan: 息坔

Borrowed from Betawi Selam, from Arabic إِسْلَام (ʔislām).


senyur

From Portuguese senhor. Doublet of senior, señor, and sinyo.


sundal

From Malay sundal, from Javanese ꦱꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦭ꧀ (sundel, “prostitute”), from Old Javanese sundĕl (“prostitute”), caṇḍāla (“wicked”), from Sanskrit चाण्डाल (cāṇḍāla, “outcast”). Doublet of cendala and jendala.


sundal

→ Min Nan: 順丹 /顺丹 (sūn-tan)


kasyaf

elected from common persons, in Sufism term


Serani

→ Min Nan: 色仔哖 (sek-á-nî)

From Malay Nasrani, from Arabic نصراني (naṣrāniyy, “Christian”).

Christian: a believer in Christianity; a person who seeks to live his or her life according to the principles and values taught by Jesus Christ.


kumandang

Inherited from Malay kumandang, from Javanese ꦏꦸꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦁ (kumandhang). Cognate withSundanese kamandang.

echo (a reflected sound that is heard again by its initial observer)

echo (an utterance repeating what has just been said)


kongkalikong

From Hokkien 講共汝講 /讲共汝讲 (kóng kā lí kóng, literally “to say (I/we/you/he/she/they) told you”).


TPAK

angkatan kerja
angkatan kerja#Indonesian

(statistics) Initialism of tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja (“labor force participation rate”).


TPT

pengangguran terbuka
pengangguran terbuka#Indonesian

(statistics) Initialism of tingkat pengangguran terbuka (“open unemployment rate”).


ongji

From Hokkien, possibly either 陽字／阳字 (iông-jī, “large embossed characters on a signboard”) or 王字頭／王字头 (ông-jī-thâu, “the forehead; the "王" character on the forehead of an artificial lion in a procession; forehead tattoo of savages”).


opau

(dialectal) Synonym of pao-pao (“belt-purse”)


arkus

Learned borrowing from Latin arcus (“bow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo- (“bow, arrow”). Doublet of arku.


cepiau

From Portuguese chapéu, from Old French chapel, from Medieval Latin cappellus, from Late Latin cappa.


ketela

From Portuguese Castela (“Castile”), from Medieval Latin Castella, plural of Latin castellum (“castle, fort, citadel”), diminutive of castrum (“fortress”). Doublet of kastil.

tuberous plant
Short for ketela pohon (“cassava”).

Short for ketela rambat (“sweet potato”).


ketela pohon

Compound of ketela + pohon, calque from Chinese 木薯 (“cassava”, literally “tree + potato; yam”).


ubi kayu

Compound of ubi + kayu, calque from Chinese 木薯 (“cassava”, literally “tree + potato; yam”).


kaspe

From Javanese ꦏꦱ꧀ꦥꦺ (kaspé), from Dutch cassave. Doublet of kasava.


singkong

From Malay singkong, from Xiamen Hokkien 新光 (sin-kong, literally “new + bright”).


kasava

Manihot esculenta
Manihot esculenta#Translingual

Manioc (Manihot esculenta), a tropical plant which is the source of tapioca.

Tapioca, a starchy pulp made with manioc roots.


buaian

cradle (a bed or cot for a baby, oscillating on rockers or swinging on pivots)

hammock (a swinging couch or bed, usually made of netting or canvas about six feet wide, suspended by clews or cords at the ends)

swing (the manner in which something is swung)


bius

From Malay bius, from earlier bihausy, from Persian بیهوش (bī-hosh, “unconscious, fainted”).

der

anesthesia: an artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.


persemakmuran

international relations
international relations

(international relations) Commonwealth: the Commonwealth of Nations, a loose confederation of nations based around the former British Empire.


anggaran pendapatan dan belanja

Compound of anggaran (“budget”) + pendapatan (“revenue”) + dan + belanja (“expenditure”).

compound

(finance, government) revenue and expenditure budget.


belasungkawa

From Sanskrit वेला (velā, “time”) and Javanese sungkawa (ꦱꦸꦁꦏꦮ, “sad”), Old Javanese suṅkawa (“sad”).

condolences: comfort, support, or sympathy offered especially to the family and friends of somebody who has died.


ekstrinsik

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch extrinsiek, from French extrinsèque, from Latin extrinsecus (“from without, without, on the outside”), from *extrim, an assumed adverbial form of exter (“outer, outward”) + secus (“by, on the side”).

der

extrinsic: outside, not belonging to something.


mata angin

mata (“eye”) + angin (“wind”), from Malay mata angin.


KPA

kuasa pengguna anggaran
kuasa pengguna anggaran#Indonesian

(government) Initialism of kuasa pengguna anggaran.

kredit pemilikan apartemen
kredit pemilikan apartemen#Indonesian

(finance) Initialism of kredit pemilikan apartemen.


sinkron

From Dutch synchroon, from French synchrone, from Late Latin synchronus, from Ancient Greek σύγχρονος (súnkhronos, “contemporaneous”), from σῠν- (sŭn-, “with, together”) + χρόνος (khrónos, “time”).

synchronous: at the same time, at the same frequency.


sinkronisasi

synchronization: the state or property of being synchronized


penjuru

Affixed peng- + juru, inherited from Malay penjuru.


syoyu

From Japanese 醤油(しょうゆ) (shōyu, “soy sauce”), from Chinese 醬油／酱油 (jiàngyóu, “soy sauce”).


sasyimi

From Japanese 刺身(さしみ) (sashimi), from 刺し (さし, sashi, “sticking into, sticking between; slicing”) + 身 (み, mi, “meat, flesh”).

(cooking, standard, uncommon) sashimi: a dish consisting of thin slices or pieces of raw fish or meat.


sampaku

From Japanese 三白(さんぱく) (sanpaku), from 三白眼(さんぱくがん) (sanpakugan).

(art) sanpaku: the presence of visible white space above or below the iris of the human eye, traditionally supposed in China to indicate physical or mental imbalance.


karage

(cooking) karaage: Japanese, and in extension Korean, food that is dipped in flour and then deep-fried.


momok

(figuratively, rare) menace (a perceived threat or danger)


sirlak

From Dutch schellak, from English shellac, from calque from French laque (“lac”) + en (“in”) + écailles (“scales, shells”).


lalu lintas

id-noun

lalu lintas (usually uncountable, plural lalu-lalu)

Compound of lalu (“to pass”) + lintas (“cross”).

com+

traffic (moving pedestrians or vehicles, or the flux or passage thereof)

(computing) traffic (exchange or flux of information, messages or data, as in a computer or telephone network)


pengadilan tinggi

Compound of pengadilan (“court”) + tinggi (“high”), calque from Japanese 高等法院(こうとうほういん) (kōtōhōin, literally “higher + court”), term used in East Asia. Continuation of Dutch raad van justisie, Japanese 高等法院(こうとうほういん) (kōtōhōin, “appellate court”, literally “higher + court”), and Dutch appelraad (“appellate court”).


pengadilan negeri

Compound of pengadilan (“court”) + negeri (“district”), calque from Japanese 地方法院(ちほうほういん) (chihōhōin, “district court”), term used in East Asia. Continuation of Dutch landraad, Japanese 地方法院(ちほうほういん) (chihōhōin, “district court”), and Dutch landgerecht.


kewedanaan

Affixed wedana + ke- -an, from Javanese ꦏꦮꦼꦢꦤꦤ꧀ (kawedanan).

(government, historical) district: a former administrative division in Java, Dutch East Indies and Indonesia.


kota raya

Compound of kota (“city”) + raya (“big, grand”). Compare to Chinese 大都 (“Khanbalik”), Chinese 大城市 (“metropolitan”), Japanese 大都市(だいとし) (daitoshi, “metropolitan”).

(government, historical) A provincial autonomous city.


kota madya

(government, historical) city: a second-level urban administration division in Indonesia which had wali kota as chief executive.


penghambat

pênghambat (canonical)
penghambat-penghambat (plural)

(physics) resistor: an electric component that transmits current in direct proportion to the voltage across it.

(Standard Malay)

(biology, chemistry) inhibitor: any substance capable of stopping or slowing a specific chemical reaction or biological process.

liability: a handicap that holds something back, a drawback, someone or something that is a burden to whoever is required to take care of them; an individual or action that exposes others to greater risk.

block, blockage: something that prevents something from passing.


penghambat pompa proton

proton pump inhibitor
proton pump inhibitor


kota praja

(government, historical) city, municipality: a second-level urban administration division in Indonesia which had wali kota as chief executive.


pamong praja

Compound of pamong (“official”, literally “guardian”) + praja (“nation, city”), borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦩꦺꦴꦁꦥꦿꦗ (pamong praja, “civil servant”).


ketapang

Terminalia catappa
Terminalia catappa#Translingual


engkoh

From Xiamen Hokkien 阿哥 (án-ko). Doublet of akeo and ako. Compare to Malay engko.


kelontong

Possibly ultimately onomatopoeic, possibly related to Hokkien 玲瓏鼕／玲珑冬, the rattle called 玲瓏鼓／玲珑鼓. Compare Tagalog kulintang. See also kelenteng.


cengkih

From Malay cengkih, from Hokkien 丁芽 (teng-gê), the bud of 丁香 (teng-hiuⁿ, “clove”).

Syzygium aromaticum
Syzygium aromaticum#Translingual


rekor

From Dutch record, from French record, from Old French record, from recorder.

record: the most extreme known value of some variable, particularly that of an achievement in competitive events.


kiaupau

From Hokkien 僑胞／侨胞 (kiâu-pau, “overseas compatriots”).


kuntuan

From Hokkien 裙緞／裙缎 (“dress satin”), compound of 裙 (kûn, “skirt, dress”) + 緞 /缎 (toān, “satin”).


orang ketiga

Compound of orang (literally “party”) + ketiga (“third”).
# For grammar and linguistics senses, calque of Dutch derde persoon (“third person”).
# For sense of other man and other woman, probably calque from Chinese 第三者 (dìsānzhě, “the other man, the other women”, literally “third party”).


loktong

Probably from Hokkien 樂桶／乐桶, compound of 樂 /乐 (lo̍k, “lechery”) + 桶 (thóng); 樂洞／乐洞, compound of 樂 /乐 (lo̍k, “lechery”) + 洞 (tōng, “hole”).


tepo

From Hokkien 賭博／赌博 (tó͘-phok, “to gamble”).


teyan

From Hokkien 題捐／题捐 (tê-iân, “to collect donations”).


jeroan

From Javanese jeroan (ꦗꦼꦫꦺꦴꦲꦤ꧀, “offal”).


batuk berdahak

wet cough, chesty cough, loose cough: coughing with expectoration of sputum.


batuk darah

Compound of batuk + darah, inherited from Malay batuk darah.

(pathology) hemoptysis, haemoptysis: expectoration (coughing up) of blood from the respiratory system.


batuk rejan

(pathology) whooping cough, 100-day cough, pertussis.


tekong

From Hokkien 舵工 (tāi-kong, “steersman”).


tekong

From Jambi Malay [Term?], probably from Hokkien 舵工 (tāi-kong, “steersman”).

coyote (a smuggler of undocumented immigrants)


tekoh

From Hakka 大哥 (thai-kô, “male leader, boss”, literally “great + elder brother”).


sekatan

sêkatan (canonical)
sekatan-sekatan (plural)

barrier, hindrance, impediment, obstacle


topikal

(medicine) topical: applied externally (to the surface of the skin or eye) medication.


kontainer

From Dutch container and English container, from Middle English conteyner.

(transport) container: a very large, typically metal, box used for transporting goods.


kuncitara

Blend of kunci (“lock”) + sementara (“temporary”). Coined by Indonesian litterateur Ibnu Wahyudi in 2020.

coin

lockdown (confinement of people as a security measure)


terkam

terkam (root)
menerkam (active)
terterkam (active involuntary)
diterkam (active involuntary passive)
terkam (active)
terkamlah (active)
menerkamkan (active applicative causative)
terterkamkan (applicative causative)
diterkamkan (applicative causative passive)
terkamkan (applicative causative)
terkamkanlah (applicative causative)
memperterkamkan (active applicative causative)
terperterkamkan (applicative causative)
diperterkamkan (applicative causative passive)
perterkamkan (applicative causative)
perterkamkanlah (applicative causative)

Singa yang galak itu siap menerkam mangsanya.

The savage lion is ready to pounce on its prey.


mempersalahkan

dipersalahkan (passive)
salah (root)
menyalahkan (active applicative causative)
tersalahkan (applicative causative)
disalahkan (applicative causative passive)
salahkan (applicative causative)
salahkanlah (applicative causative)
mempersalahi (active causative locative)
terpersalahi (causative involuntary locative)
dipersalahi (causative involuntary locative passive)
persalahi (causative locative)
persalahilah (causative locative)
mempersalahkan (active applicative causative)
terpersalahkan (applicative causative)
dipersalahkan (applicative causative passive)
persalahkan (applicative causative)
persalahkanlah (applicative causative)


perokok

pêrokok (canonical)
perokok-perokok (plural)

perokok aktif


Bogor

From Javanese bogor (“sugar palm”) or bokor (“large bowl made of metal”).

Bogor (a regency of West Java, Indonesia).


eksakta

ellipsis of ilmu eksakta (“exact science”).


ilmu pengetahuan sosial

Compound of ilmu pengetahuan + sosial, calque of Dutch sociale wetenschap.


spesifikasi

From Dutch specificatie, from Middle French specification, from Medieval Latin specificationem (accusative of specificatio).

an explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a material, product, or service.


Al-Qadri

bor

الْقَادِرِيّ


Al-Attas

Arabic الْعَطّاس (al-ʕaṭṭās)


Assegaf

Arabic السقاف


Al-Aydrus

الْعَيْدْرُوس


transaksi

From Dutch transactie, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French transaccion, from Late Latin transactio.


moneter

From Dutch monetair, from French monétaire, from Late Latin monētārius (“pertaining to money”), from Latin monētārius (“of a mint”), from monēta (“mint, coinage”).


luar negeri

Compound of luar (“foreign”, literally “outside”) + negeri (“country, land”). Compare to Dutch buitenland, Chinese 外國／外国 (wàiguó).

zh-l

外國／外国 (wàiguó)

foreign: located outside a country or place, especially one's own; relating to a different nation.


proteksi

From Dutch protectie, from Middle French [Term?] ,from Old French protection, from stem of Late Latin prōtectiō (“a covering over”), from Latin prōtēctus, perfect passive participle of prōtegere (“to protect, cover in front”).


sarung tangan

Compound of sarung (“cover”) + tangan (“hand”), calque of Dutch handschoen (“glove”, literally “hand covering”).

clq

glove: an item of clothing other than a mitten, covering all or part of the hand and fingers, but usually allowing independent movement of the fingers.


perseroan terbatas

Compound of perseroan (“company”) + terbatas (“limited”), probably calque from Japanese 有限会社(ゆうげんがいしゃ) (yūgengaisha, literally “limited company”). This term is used to translate Dutch naamloze vennootschap.

ja-r

public limited company
public limited company


segregasi

sègrègasi (canonical)
segregasi-segregasi (plural)

From Dutch segregatie, from French ségrégation, from Latin segregatio.


orientasi

From Dutch oriëntatie, from French orientation.


afiliasi

From Dutch affiliatie, from French affiliation, from Latin affiliatiō, noun of action from verb affiliō, from af- (form of ad- (“to”) before an f) + filiō (from filius (“son”)).

the relationship resulting from affiliating one thing with another.

a club, society or umbrella organisation so formed.

affiliate: someone or something, that is associated with a larger, related organization.


efisien

From Dutch efficiënt, from French efficient, from Latin efficientis.

lean (pertaining to the modern industrial principles of lean manufacturing)


efisiensi

From Dutch efficiëntie, from Latin efficientia.


efektivitas

Borrowed from Dutch effectiviteit. By surface analysis, efektif + -itas.


notasi

From Dutch notatie, from French notation, from Middle French notation, from Latin notātiō.


tematis

From Dutch thematisch, from German thematisch.


improvisasi

improvisation: the act or art of composing and making music, poetry, and the like, extemporaneously.


variasi

From Dutch variatie, from Middle French variation, from Old French variacion, from Latin variātiō.
* Semantic loan from English variation.

the act, process or instance of varying.

variation:
a related but distinct thing.

(genetics) the modification of a hereditary trait.

variation:
the modification of a hereditary trait.

(linguistics) a characteristic of language: there is more than one way of saying the same thing.

frill: something extraneous or not essential.


harmonik

(mathematics, physics) harmonic: used to characterize various mathematical entities or relationships supposed to bear some resemblance to musical consonance.


harmonik

(physics) a component frequency of the signal of a wave that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency.

(music) the place where, on a bowed string instrument, a note in the harmonic series of a particular string can be played without the fundamental present.

(mathematics) one of a class of functions that enter into the development of the potential of a nearly spherical mass due to its attraction.


lettre de créance

Unadapted borrowing from French lettre de créance (“letter of credit; letter of credence, letters credential”).

ubor

(diplomacy) letter of credence, letters credential


aspek

From Dutch aspect. Cognate of Afrikaans aspek.

any specific feature, part, or element of something.

the way something appears when viewed from a certain direction or perspective; the way something appears when considered from a certain point of view.

(grammar) a grammatical quality of a verb which determines the relationship of the speaker to the internal temporal flow of the event which the verb describes, or whether the speaker views the event from outside as a whole, or from within as it is unfolding.


perspektif

From Dutch perspectief, from Middle French or Old French, from the first word of the Medieval Latin perspectiva ars (“science of optics”), the feminine of perspectivus (“of sight, optical”), from perspectus, the past participle of perspicere (“to inspect, look through”), itself from per- (“through”) + specere (“to look at”).

der

the technique of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface.


jabatan fungsional

Compound of jabatan (“position”) + fungsional (“functional”).


matematika murni

Compound of matematika (“mathematics”) + murni (“pure”).

pure mathematics
pure mathematics#English

pure mathematics: The study of mathematical concepts independently of applications outside mathematics.


matematika terapan

Compound of matematika (“mathematics”) + terapan (“applied”).

applied mathematics
applied mathematics#English


terapan

applied: of a branch of science, serving another branch of science or engineering.


terapan

Affixed terap (“craved”) + -an, borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦿꦥꦤ꧀ (trapan), from Old Javanese trap (“arranged”), tap, tab (“in order”).

inlay: the material placed within a different material in the form of a decoration.


abses

From Dutch abces, from Latin abscessus (“a going away; gathering of humors, abscess”), from abscēdō (“go away, depart”), from abs (“away from”) + cēdō (“go”).

der

(pathology) abscess: a cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue.


penyalahgunaan

Affixed salah guna + peng- -an, calque of Dutch misbruik (“misuse”).

abuse; misuse; improper use; perversion.


menyalahgunakan

head

mênyalahgunakan (active menyalahgunakan, passive disalahgunakan)

mênyalahgunakan (canonical)
menyalahgunakan (active)
disalahgunakan (passive)


jerawat

[d͡ʒə.ˈrä.wät̪̚]

(dermatology, pathology) acne: a skin condition, usually of the face, that is common in adolescents. It is characterised by red pimples, and is caused by the inflammation of sebaceous glands through bacterial infection.


dapatan

From Malay dapatan (“income”). Equivalent to dapat + -an.


dapatan

(pathology) acquired: developed after birth; not congenital.


akuisita

Learned borrowing from Latin acquīsīta, acquīsītus (“acquired”).


akuisisi

From Dutch acquisitie, from French acquisition, from Old French acquisicion, from Latin acquisītiō, from acquirere.

acquisition
the act or process of acquiring.

acquisition
the thing acquired or gained; a gain.

takeover: the purchase of one company by another; a merger without the formation of a new company, especially where some stakeholders in the purchased company oppose the purchase.


asites

From Dutch ascites, from Latin ascītēs, from Ancient Greek ἀσκίτης (askítēs), from ἀσκός (askós, “wineskin”).

(pathology) ascites: an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.


hukum administrasi

(law) administrative law: the division of law that governs the activities of administrative agencies of government.


persepsi

From Dutch perceptie, from Middle French perception, from Latin perceptiō.

perception: the organisation, identification and interpretation of sensory information.


usus dua belas jari

Compound of usus (“intestine”) + dua belas (“twelve”) + jari (“finger”), calque of Dutch twaalfvingerige darm (“duodenum”, literally “twelve-fingered intestine”).


korup

From Dutch corrupt, from Middle French corrupt, from Latin corruptus.

in a putrid state; spoiled; tainted; vitiated; unsound.

in a depraved state; debased; perverted; morally degenerate; weak in morals.

abounding in errors; not genuine or correct; in an invalid state.


rudimenter

From Dutch rudimentair, from French rudimentaire.

rudimentary: basic; minimal; with less than, or only the minimum, necessary.


buah dada

Compound of buah (“fruit”) + dada (“chest, thorax”)

(anatomy) breast: Either or both of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands.


bokong

buttocks: the two large fleshy halves of the posterior part of the body between the base of the back, the perineum and the top of the legs.


ayunda

Probably from ayu (“beautiful”) + -anda.


ilusi

From Dutch illusie, from French illusion, from Old French illusion, from Latin illūsiō, from illūdere, from in- (“at, upon”) + lūdere (“to play, mock, trick”).

anything that seems to be something that it is not.

(psychology, psychiatry) distortion of the senses, which can reveal how the human brain normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation


remunerasi

remuneration: something given in exchange for goods or services rendered.


surat izin

Compound of surat (“document, letter”) + izin (“permission”, noun), probably calque from Chinese 許可證／许可证 (“permit; license”, literally “to permit + certificate”).

zh-l

permit: an document rendering something allowed or legal.


ventilasi

From Dutch ventilatie, from Middle French ventilation, from Old French ventilacion, from Late Latin ventilatio, from Latin ventilo.

the replacement of stale or noxious air with fresh.

(architecture) the mechanical system used to circulate and replace air.

(medicine, pulmonology, physiology) the bodily process of breathing; the inhalation of air to provide oxygen, and the exhalation of spent air to remove carbon dioxide.


penyanyi

From Malay penyanyi,
from Classical Malay penyanyi. Equivalent to per- + nyanyi.

A person who sings, often professionally; singer.


wakaf

(Islam) waqf, religious endowment, endowment fund.


antisipasi

→ Malay: antisipasi

From Dutch anticipatie, from French anticipation, from Latin anticipatio.

anticipation: the act of anticipating, taking up, placing, or considering something beforehand, or before the proper time in natural order.


kontemporer

From Dutch contemporair, from French contemporair.

From the same time period, coexistent in time; contemporaneous.

Modern, of the present age (shorthand for ‘contemporary with the present’).


referensi

ré‧fê‧rèn‧si

From Dutch referentie, from French référence, presumably from Old French referer (14th century), anyway from Latin referre "to relate, refer", literally "to carry back", itself from re- "back" + ferre "to carry, bring".

reference:
a measurement one can compare to.

(semantics) a relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.

a short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.

a previously published written work thus indicated; a source.


agen rahasia

Compound of agen + rahasia, calque of English secret agent.


surat jalan

Compound of surat (“document, letter”) + jalan.

delivery order: document from a consignee, or an owner or his agent of freight carrier which orders the release of the transportation of cargo to another party


surat kematian

Compound of surat (“document, letter”) + kematian (“death”), calque of Dutch doodceel.

compound

death certificate
death certificate#English

(healthcare) death certificate: a document issued by a medical practitioner, certifying the date, location and cause of a person's death as later entered in an official register of deaths.


akta kelahiran

Compound of akta (“certificate”) + kelahiran (“birth”), calque of Dutch geboorteakte.

birth certificate
birth certificate#English


tepuk tangan

Compound of tepuk (“clap”) + tangan (“hand”). Compare to Dutch handgeklap and Chinese 拍手 (pāishǒu).


penghantar

pênghantar (canonical)
penghantar-penghantar (plural)

Affixed peng- + hantar. Doublet of pengantar.

(physics) conductor: something that can transmit electricity, heat, light or sound.


kloter

kelompok terbang
kelompok terbang#Indonesian


kelompok terbang

kelompok (“group”) + terbang (“flight”).


program studi

Compound of program + studi, calque of Dutch studieprogramma.

(education) course: a learning programme, whether a single class or (UK) a major area of study.

(education) school: an organizational unit in a higher education institution which is dedicated to teach a specific subject area.


jurusan

Affixed jurus + -an, from Malay jurusan.
* Semantic loan from Dutch richting (“major, specialisation, subject, course”, literally “direction”) for the senses in education.

sl

(education) major: the principal subject or course of a student working toward a degree at a college or university.

(education) subject cluster, subject stream, track: subject grouping at secondary education.


akta kematian

(law) death certificate: a document issued by a registrar, certifying the date, location and cause of a person's death as later entered in an official register of deaths.


mengegas

mêngêgas (canonical)
digas (passive)
gas (root)
mengegas (active)
tergas (active involuntary)
digas (active involuntary passive)
gas (active)
gaslah (active)
mengegaskan (active applicative causative locative)
tergaskan (applicative causative locative)
digaskan (applicative causative locative passive)
gaskan (applicative causative locative)
gaskanlah (applicative causative locative)
mempergas (active causative locative)
terpergas (active causative involuntary locative)
dipergas (active causative involuntary locative passive)
pergas (active causative locative)
pergaslah (active causative locative)
mempergaskan (active applicative causative locative)
terperaskan (applicative causative locative)
dipergaskan (applicative causative locative passive)
pergaskan (applicative causative locative)
pergaskanlah (applicative causative locative)

to gas: to give a vehicle more fuel in order to accelerate it.

(colloquial, figurative) to speak louder because of anger or upset.


dokter keluarga

Compound of dokter + keluarga, calque of English family doctor

(healthcare) family doctor, family physician.


usus kosong

Compound of usus + kosong. Compare to Dutch nuchtere darm and Japanese 空腸(くうちょ) (kūcho).

jejunum: the central of the three divisions of the small intestine which lies between the duodenum and the ileum.


usus buntu

Compound of usus + buntu, calque of Dutch blindedarm (“caecum”, literally “blind intestine”).

clq

caecum: a cavity open at one end (such as the blind end of a duct), especially a blind pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon.

vermiform appendix
vermiform appendix#English

vermiform appendix: an organ consisting of a blind tube projecting from the caecum, without a known function.


alleluya

From Dutch alleluja, from Latin allēlūia, from Ancient Greek ἀλληλούϊα (allēloúïa), from Hebrew הַלְלוּיָהּ (hal'luyáh, “Praise Yah”).

der

(Christianity, chiefly Catholicism) hallelujah.


akuifer

From Dutch aquifer, from Latin aqua (“water”) + ferō (“I bring”).

(geology) aquifer: an underground layer of water-bearing porous stone, earth, or gravel.


diksi

From Dutch dictie, from Middle French diction, from Latin dictiō.

(linguistics) diction: choice and use of words, especially with regard to effective communication.


kerakyatan

Affixed rakyat + ke- -an, from Malay kerakyatan.

populism: a political doctrine or philosophy that proposes that the rights and powers of ordinary people are exploited by a privileged elite, and supports their struggle to overcome this.

democracy: belief in political freedom and equality; the "spirit of democracy".


sentralisasi

From affixed sentral + -isasi, from Dutch centralisatie, from French centralisation.

centralization, centralisation: the act or process of centralizing, or the state of being centralized; the act or process of combining or reducing several parts into a whole.


pekaja

Nelumbo nucifera
Nelumbo nucifera#Translingual


teratai

→ Macanese: trate


zukini

From English zucchini, from Italian zucchini, plural of zucchino, diminutive of zucca (“squash”), from Late Latin cucutia (via metathesis and apheresis), from Latin cucurbita (“gourd”).

zucchini, courgette (a small marrow/squash of the species Cucurbita pepo)


sukini

Alternative form of zukini (“courgette”)


adpertensi

From Dutch advertentie, ultimately from Latin advertentia. Replaced by iklan.

(obsolete) superseded spelling of advertensi (“advertisement”).


lebat

heavy with something, weighed down by something (e.g. fruit tree)


Zabur

(Islam) Zabur: the holy book of Daud (David), one of the holy books revealed by Allah before the Quran.

(dated, Christianity) Psalms: the first book of the Ketuvim ("Writings"), the third section of the Tanakh, and a book of the Christian Old Testament.


penadbiran

Affixed tadbir + peng- -an. Cognate of Malay pentadbiran.


manajemen

Internationalism, from English management.

(Standard Malay)

(management) administration; the use of limited resources combined with forecasting, planning, leadership and execution skills to achieve predetermined specific goals.

(management) the executives of an organisation, especially senior executives.

(medicine) method to treat a disease or condition

management:
method to treat a disease or condition


juru rawat

Compound of juru (“worker; skilled man; professional”) + rawat, from Malay jururawat, from Javanese ꦗꦸꦫꦸꦫꦮꦠ꧀ (jururawat, “nurse”). Compare to Japanese 看護師(かんごし) (kangoshi, literally “nurse + expert”).


blokir

From Dutch blokkeer, an inflection form of blokkeren, from Middle French bloquer, from Old French bloquer, from Old Dutch *blok, from Proto-West Germanic *blokk, from Proto-Germanic *blukką.


penasihat

Affixed peng- + nasihat, from Malay penasihat. Translation of semantic loan from Japanese 顧問(こもん) (komon, “adviser, counselor, consultant”), see komon.


pialang

trader, broker (financial services, etc.)


songket

A type of cloth made of silk or cotton interwoven with metallic threads which form intricate patterns and motifs.


sasirangan

sasirangan: A method (originated from South Kalimantan; invented by Banjarese people) of producing colored designs on textiles by dyeing them, usually with tie or stitch techniques.


parangan

From Javanese ꦥꦫꦔꦤ꧀ (parangan) or Javanese ꦥꦫꦁ (parang) + suffix -an.


isoman

isolasi mandiri
isolasi mandiri#Indonesian

acronym of isolasi mandiri (“self-isolation”).


pencakar langit

id-noun

pencakar langit (plural pencakar-pencakar langit)

→ Malay: pencakar langit

Compound of pencakar (“scratcher”) + langit (“sky”), coined by Indonesian linguist Anton Moedardo Moeliono, calque of English skyscraper.

coinage

(architecture) skyscraper, a very tall building with a large number of floors.


cakar

cakar (root)
mencakar (active)
tercakar (active involuntary)
dicakar (active involuntary passive)
cakar (active)
cakarlah (active)
mencakarkan (active applicative causative)
tercakarkan (applicative causative)
dicakarkan (applicative causative passive)
cakarkan (applicative causative)
cakarkanlah (applicative causative)
mempercakarkan (active applicative causative)
terpercakarkan (applicative causative)
dipercakarkan (applicative causative passive)
percakarkan (applicative causative)
percakarkanlah (applicative causative)


isolasi mandiri

Compound of isolasi (“isolation”) + mandiri (“self”), calque of English self-isolation.


pengusaha kena pajak

pengusaha (“entrepreneur”) + kena pajak (“taxable”)

(taxation) taxable entrepreneur for VAT purpose


bokugo

From Japanese 防空壕(ぼうくうごう) (bōkūgō, “air raid shelter”).

ja-r

Tak mau aku tjari bokugo atau tempat perlindungan.

Ada bokugo di sini?

air-raid shelter
air-raid shelter#English

(obsolete) air-raid shelter: structures for the protection of non-combatants as well as combatants against enemy attacks from the air.


penghasilan kena pajak

Compound of penghasilan (“income”) + kena pajak (“taxable”), a calque of English taxable income.

com+

(taxation) taxable income (the base upon which an income tax system imposes tax)


wajib pajak

Compound of wajib (“oblige; shall”) + pajak (“tax”). Replaced Dutch belastingplichtig (“taxpayer”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

(taxation) taxpayer: a person who is subject to, liable for, or pays tax as opposed to a nontaxpayer who is neither the subject nor the object of revenue laws.


proses verbal

id-noun

proses verbal (plural proses-proses verbal)

From Dutch proces-verbaal, from French procès-verbal.

Synonym of berita acara (“complaint, law enforcement account or report”)


bawang merah

bawang merah (plural bawang-bawang merah)

Compound of bawang (“Allium sp.”) + merah (“red”), from Malay bawang merah.


bawang bombai

bawang bombai (plural bawang-bawang bombai)

From bawang (“Allium sp.”) + Bombai (“Bombay, Former name of Mumbai”).


hembus

Nonstandard form of embus (“to blow (air)”).


kocok

head

kocok (base, active mengocok, passive dikocok)


tokoh publik

Compound of tokoh + publik, calque of English public figure.

public figure: a famous person whose life is the subject of public interest.


selop

From Dutch slof (“house or bedroom slipper”). Doublet of slof.


pesisir

From Malay pesisir, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siDsiD.


jajah

jajah (root)
menjajah (active)
terjajah (active involuntary)
dijajah (active involuntary passive)
jajah (active)
jajahlah (active)
menjajahi (active locative)
terjajahi (involuntary locative)
dijajahi (involuntary locative passive)
jajahi (locative)
jajahilah (locative)
menjajahkan (active applicative causative)
terjajahkan (applicative causative)
dijajahkan (applicative causative passive)
jajahkan (applicative causative)
jajahkanlah (applicative causative)
memperjajah (active causative)
terperjajah (active causative involuntary)
diperjajah (active causative involuntary passive)
perjajah (active causative)
perjajahlah (active causative)
memperjajahi (active causative locative)
terperjajahi (causative involuntary locative)
diperjajahi (causative involuntary locative passive)
perjajahi (causative locative)
perjajahilah (causative locative)
memperjajahkan (active applicative causative)
terperjajahkan (applicative causative)
diperjajahkan (applicative causative passive)
perjajahkan (applicative causative)
perjajahkanlah (applicative causative)


translasi

From Dutch translatie, from Latin trānslātiō (“transfer”).

(mathematics, physics) a motion or compulsion to motion in a straight line without rotation or other deformation.

(geometry) a geometric transformation that moves every point of a figure or a space by the same distance in a given direction.

(genetics) the process whereby a strand of mRNA directs assembly of amino acids into proteins within a ribosome.


ayam pedaging

id-noun

ayam pedaging (plural ayam-ayam pedaging)

Compound of ayam (“chicken”) + pedaging (“meat producer”), calque of Dutch vleeskuiken (“broiler”, literally “flesh + chicken”).

clq

broiler: a chicken suitable for broiling.


cabang

Inherited from Malay cabang, from Proto-Malayic *cabaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *cabaŋ (“bifurcation, forking”).
Cognate of Malay cawang.

inh

the woody part of a tree arising from the trunk and usually dividing.

any of the parts of something that divides like the branch of a tree.

a location of an organization with several locations.