kandela

Learned borrowing from Latin candēla (literally “candle”).

lbor

(optics) candela: In the International System of Units, the base unit of luminous intensity; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. Symbol: cd


kolera

Learned borrowing from Latin cholera, from Ancient Greek χολέρα (kholéra, “cholera”).

der

(pathology) cholera: Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.


debitor

From English debitor, from Latin debitor.

(finance, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of debitur (“debitor, debtor”)


genom

(genetics) genome: the complete genetic information (either DNA or, in some viruses, RNA) of an organism.


konstanta

From Dutch constante, from French constante, ultimately from Latin cōnstō.

(algebra) quantity that remains at a fixed value throughout a given discussion.


audiometer

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch audiometer.

(medicine) audiometer: an instrument which is used to determine the acuity of hearing.


telinga

From Malay telinga, from Proto-Malayic *tAliŋa(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taliŋa, from Proto-Austronesian *Caliŋa.


jari tangan

Compound of jari + tangan (“hand, arm”).

finger (similar looking extremity in an animal)


jari kaki

toe (each of the five digits on the end of the foot)


jari

From Malay jari, from Proto-Malayic *jari (“finger”). Cognate of Old Javanese jariji, Balinese ᬚ᭄ᬭᬶᬚᬶ (jriji), Javanese ꦢꦿꦶꦗꦶ (driji), Indonesian jeriji, Sundanese jariji.

(anatomy) a narrow extremity of the human hand or foot: a finger, thumb, or toe

(zoology) similar or similar-looking structures in other animals.


ammeter

(electricity) ammeter, amperemeter: a device that measures the magnitude of an electric current, especially one calibrated in amperes.


dekameter

dè‧ka‧mè‧têr

Affixed deka- + meter, from Dutch decameter, from French décamètre.

(metrology) An SI unit of length equal to 10¹ meters. Symbol: dam


SDA

sumber daya alam
sumber daya alam#Indonesian

(economics) Initialism of sumber daya alam (“natural resource”).


perut

From Malay perut, from Proto-Malayic *pərut.

Waktu itu engkau masih di dalam perut ibumu.

At that moment, you are in your mother's womb.


spirometer

spirometer (an instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs)


beban

From Malay beban. All “load” senses, except “burden” sense is a semantic loan from English load. The blasting sense is a semantic loan from English burden.

Adalah beban tarik maksimum yang akan menentukan seberapa besar kekuatan tarik dari material yang diuji.

(engineering) The force exerted on a structural component such as a beam, girder, cable etc.

Cara untuk memperbaiki rugi-rugi daya adalah dengan menyeimbangkan beban trafo distribusi pada jaringan distribusi.

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) The electrical current or power delivered by a device.

Daya semu yaitu daya listrik yang masuk ke beban (motor).

(electrical engineering) Any component that draws current or power from an electrical circuit.

(Standard Malay)

(business) amount of money levied for a service.

charge:
amount of money levied for a service.

beban penyusutan

beban penjualan


amparan

(dialect, Java, construction) a kind of roof.


anestesia

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
William T. G. Morton
id:anestesia

From Ancient Greek ἀναισθησία (anaisthēsía), from ἀν- (an-, “not”) with αἴσθησις (aísthēsis, “sensation”). Coined in 1846 C.E. by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., in a letter to dentist William T. G. Morton, the first practitioner to publicly demonstrate the use of ether during surgery.

an artificial method of preventing sensation, used to eliminate pain without causing loss of vital functions, by the administration of one or more agents which block pain impulses before transmitted to the brain.

the loss or prevention of sensation, as caused by anesthesia, lesion in the nervous system or other physical abnormality.


arbitrase

arbitrasê (canonical)
arbitrase-arbitrase (plural)

From Dutch arbitrage, from French arbitrage. Semantic loan from English arbitrage.

(finance, trading) arbitrage: a market activity in which a security, commodity, currency or other tradable item is bought in one market and sold simultaneously in another, in order to profit from price differences between the markets.


besaran

From besar (“large; big; great; powerful”) + -an.

suf

(mathematics) a number, assigned to something, such that it may be compared to others numerically

of a vector, the norm, most commonly, the two-norm


deposito

From Dutch deposito, from Italian deposito, from Latin deposito.

(finance) deposit, money placed in an account.


determinan

détèrminan (canonical)
determinan-determinan (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch determinant.

(Standard Malay)

(linear algebra) A scalar that encodes certain characteristics of a given transformation matrix; the unique scalar function over square matrices which is distributive over matrix multiplication, multilinear in the rows and columns, and takes the value 1 for the unit matrix.


dividen

From Dutch dividend, from Middle French dividende (Modern French dividende), from Latin dividendum (“thing to be divided”), future passive participle of divido (“to divide”).

der

(arithmetic) a number or expression that is to be divided by another.

(finance, trading) a pro rata payment of money by a company to its shareholders, usually made periodically (eg, quarterly or annually).


harta

From Malay harta, from Classical Malay arta, harta, from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of arta, arti, and erti.


lavase

(medicine) lavage: a washing of a hollow organ.


pasase

Reconstructed as pas + -ase, from Dutch passage, from Middle Dutch passage, from Middle French passage, from Old French passage.

(medicine) the act of passing; movement across or through.


limas

Inherited from Malay limas, from Classical Malay ليمس (limas), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *limas.


presiden

présidèn (canonical)
presiden-presiden (plural)

From Dutch president, from Middle Dutch president, from Old French president, from Latin praesidēns (“presiding over; president, leader”). Not inherited from Malay presiden, which is from English president.

(management) primary leader of a corporation. Not to be confused with CEO, which is a related but separate position that is sometimes held by a different person.


prive

(accounting) the action of taking funds from an account or company holdings for individual use; drawing


pulsa

(physiology) a normally regular beat felt when arteries are depressed, caused by the pumping action of the heart.


mutan

Borrowed from Dutch mutant, from Latin mutans.


oferte

From Dutch offerte, from French offerte, offrir, from Old French ofrir, from Vulgar Latin *offerīre, from Latin offerre.

(trading) quotation: a price that has been quoted for buying or selling; the act of setting a price.


residen

résidèn (canonical)
residen-residen (plural)

→ Chinese: 挨實嗹 /挨实𪡏.

* From Malay residen, from Dutch resident, from French résident, from Latin residens, residentem.
* For sense of physician receiving specialized medical training, semantic loan from English resident.

n-g

(medicine) a physician receiving specialized medical training.


tiras

(printing) circulation (number of copies sold of e.g. a newspaper).


visite

visitê (canonical)
visite-visite (plural)

From Dutch visite (“visit”), from French visite.

(medicine) ward round, a regular visit paid by the medical staff to hospital inpatients under their care, in order to review their progress.


kinase

kinasê (canonical)
kinase-kinase (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kinase, from Ancient Greek κινεῖν (kineîn, “to move”) + -ase, a suffix forming enzyme names.


pom-pom

reduplication

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">pump</i>


Tula

From Sanskrit तुला (tulā, “balance, scales”).


lapisan

(geology) a layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout


hipotenusa

Borrowed from Dutch hypotenusa, from Latin hypotenusa, from Ancient Greek ὑποτείνουσα πλευρά (hupoteínousa pleurá, “side subtending [the right angle]”), from ὑποτείνουσα (hupoteínousa, “stretching, extending, subtending”), active participle of ὑποτείνω (hupoteínō, “subtend, stretch under”).

der

ὑποτείνουσα πλευρά


menit

From dialectal Dutch (Standard Dutch minuut), from Middle French minute, from Old French minute, from Latin minūta. Influenced by inherited French-Dutch menuet (“minuet”).

a unit of time equal to sixty seconds (one-sixtieth of an hour).


bursa

* Learned borrowing from Latin bursa, from the Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa, “hide, wine-skin”).
* Semantic loan from Dutch beurs.

Bursa Efek Indonesia

(business, economics) exchange: a place for conducting trading.


bursa

(anatomy) bursa, any of the many small fluid-filled sacs located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. These sacs serve to reduce friction between the two moving surfaces.


gastrointestinal

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch gastro-intestinaal.


koordinat

From Dutch coördinaat, from Medieval Latin coōrdinātus, past participle of coōrdinō (“I arrange together”), from Latin co- (“together”) + ōrdinō (“I arrange”).


tian

From Malay tian, from Classical Malay تيان (tian), from Proto-Malayic *tian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian, from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN.


bromidrosis

bromidrosis (fetid or foul-smelling perspiration)


PIB

(taxation) Initialism of pemberitahuan impor barang.


agonis

Borrowed from Dutch agonist (“agonist”), from Latin agōnista, from Ancient Greek ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs, “combatant, champion”).

(anatomy) the muscle that contracts while the other relaxes.

(biochemistry, pharmacology) a molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction.


rasi

From Malay rasi, from Sanskrit राशि (rāśi), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *rāśíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rāćíš, from *rać- (“to bind, tie”).

(astrology) a sign of the zodiac (as being a certain sum or quantity of degrees), one-twelfth part of the ecliptic, an astrological house

(astronomy) ellipsis of rasi bintang (“constellation”).


idée fixe

Unadapted borrowing from French idée fixe (“idée fixe, obsession”, literally “fixed idea”).

ubor

(psychiatry, psychology) idée fixe, obsession


miksi

From Dutch mictie, from Latin micturio (“to urinate”).


kasino

From Dutch casino, from Italian casino, diminutive form of casa (“house”), from Latin casa (“cottage, hut”).


bahu

* Inherited from Malay bahu, from Classical Malay bahu, from Sanskrit बाहु (bāhu), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *baHźʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”). Doublet of baju.
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦧꦲꦸ (bahu, “arm, village assistant”), from Old Javanese bāhu (“arm”), from the same Sanskrit बाहु (bāhu). See also Javanese bahudendha (“powerful”), from Old Javanese bāhudaṇḍa (“arm; assistant, guard, protection”, literally “long arm, arm-staff”), from Sanskrit बाहुदण्ड (bāhudaṇḍa, “long arm, arm-staff”).

cog

membahu

to shoulder, to carry over one's shoulder


universitas

univêrsitas (canonical)
universitas-universitas (plural)

→ Malay: universitas

→ Tetum: universitas

Learned borrowing from Latin ūniversitās (“university”). Displaced, since 1954, earlier Dutch loanwords universiteit, universitet and universitit.


alkohol

From Dutch alcohol, from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).

(colloquial) Beverages containing ethanol, collectively.


klik

(linguistics): an ingressive sound made by coarticulating a velar or uvular closure with another closure.


daya

From Malay daya,
# from Proto-Malayic *daya (“to trick, to fool”).
# from Sanskrit उदय (udaya, “rise, result”).
# from Old Javanese daya (“inner feelings; heart”), from Pali hadaya (“feeling”, literally “heart”), from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya, “soul, mind, spirit”, literally “heart”).
# from Old Javanese daya, dāya, deya (“(future) act; plan”), de (“action; condition; by”) + aya, haya, ayah (“effort”).
The sense of a measure of the rate of work or transferring energy in physics is a semantic loan from Dutch vermogen (“power (physics)”, literally “ability”).

sl

(electricity) electricity or a supply of electricity.

power:
electricity or a supply of electricity.

(Standard Malay)

(classical mechanics) a measure of the rate of doing work or transferring energy, a measure of the effectiveness that a force producing a physical effect has over time.


substantif

From Dutch substantief, from New Latin nōmen substantīvum.


legenda

lêgènda (canonical)
legenda-legenda (plural)

(cartography) a key to the symbols and color codes on a map, chart, etc.


akropolis

From Ancient Greek ἀκρόπολις (akrópolis), from ἄκρος (ákros, “topmost”, “tip”, “summit”) + πόλις (pólis, “city”).


akne

From Dutch acne, from French acné, from New Latin [Term?], probably a corruption of Ancient Greek ἀκμή (akmḗ).

(dermatology, pathology, uncommon) acne: a skin condition, usually of the face, that is common in adolescents. It is characterised by red pimples, and is caused by the inflammation of sebaceous glands through bacterial infection.


anoreksia

(pathology) anorexia: loss of appetite, especially as a result of disease.


klitoris

From Dutch clitoris, from New Latin clitoris, from Ancient Greek κλειτορίς (kleitorís).


anakonda

Internationalism, borrowed from English anaconda, from New Latin anacandaia (“python”) [originally referring to a species of constrictor found in Sri Lanka], from Sinhalese හෙනකඳයා (henakaⁿdayā, “whip snake”), from හෙන (hena, “lightning, thunderbolt”) + කඳ (kaⁿda, “stem, trunk, body”).

der

(zoology) anaconda: Any of various large nonvenomous snakes of the genus Eunectes, found mainly in northern South America.


ayat

From Malay ayat, from Arabic آيَة (ʔāya, “sign, token”).

(accounting) entry: a formal record that documents a transaction.


amoniak

From Dutch ammoniak, from Latin ammoniacum.


spora

From Latin spora, either as learned borrowing from Latin or through Dutch spore, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá, “seed, a sowing”).

(biology) spore, (a reproductive particle, usually a single cell, released by a fungus, alga, or plant)


couveuse

Unadapted borrowing from French couveuse (“incubator”, literally “broody hen”).

ubor

(medicine) couveuse: an incubator for sickly infants, especially those born prematurely.


relai

(zoology) pearl snail (Melo melo); pearl conch.


stok

From Dutch stock, from Middle Dutch stoc, from Old Dutch stok, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz.

(trading) A store of goods ready for sale; inventory.

(biology) In tectology, an aggregate or colony of individuals, such as trees, chains of salpae, etc.


bufer

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) a solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid.


plak

From Dutch plak, from Middle Dutch plagge; placke; plecke; placken, from Old Dutch *plakko, *plakka, from Proto-Germanic *plaggą. Doublet of plakat.

der

(dermatology) a broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule (“inflamed, irritated patch”) on the skin.

(cardiology) an abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.


referat

From Dutch referaat, from German Referat, from Latin referat, referō.

(medicine, education) report, abstract, summary.


sekat

Inherited from Malay sekat, from Proto-Malayic *səkat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səkəd. The sense of to stop is semantic loan from Minangkabau [Term?].


fase

From Dutch phase (current spelling fase), from New Latin phasis, from Ancient Greek φάσις (phásis, “an appearance”), from φάειν (pháein, “to shine”).

fase padat

(chemistry) a component in a material system that is distinguished by chemical composition and/or physical state (solid, liquid or gas) and/or crystal structure. It is delineated from an adjoining phase by an abrupt change in one or more of those conditions.

sistem tenaga listrik 3 fase

(electrical engineering) in a polyphase electrical power system, one of the power-carrying conductors, or the alternating current carried by it.


konduktor

Learned borrowing from Latin conductor. Doublet of kondektur.
* Semantic loan from English conductor for music sense.

(physics) something that can transmit electricity, heat, light or sound.


konsul

From Dutch consult, from Middle French consulter, from Latin cōnsultō (“to deliberate, consult”), frequentative of cōnsulō (“to consult, deliberate, consider, reflect upon, ask advice”), from com- (“together”) + -sulō, from Proto-Indo-European *selh₁- (“to take, grab”).


konsul

konsul-konsul (plural)
konsul (root)
mengkonsulkan (active applicative causative locative)
dikonsulkan (applicative causative locative passive)
konsulkan (applicative causative locative)
konsulkanlah (applicative causative locative)

(especially medicine) consultation: A conference for the exchange of information and advice; An appointment or meeting with a professional person, such as a doctor.


kontrol

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

Pasien diabetes harus tetap kontrol ke dokter selama pandemi COVID-19.

Diabetic patient will have continued medical checkup during COVID-19 pandemic.


kreditor

(finance, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of kreditur (“creditor”)


registri

(medicine) disease registry, patient registry: collections of secondary data related to patients with a specific diagnosis, condition, or procedure, and they play an important role in post marketing surveillance of pharmaceuticals.


kupon

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch coupon, from French coupon, couper (“to cut”).

(finance, obsolete) A certificate of interest due, printed at the bottom of transferable bonds (state, railroad, etc.), given for a term of years, designed to be cut off and presented for payment when the interest is due; an interest warrant.

(finance) Any interest payment made or due on a bond, debenture or similar (no longer by a physical coupon).


kurs

→ Tetum: kurs

From Dutch koers (“rate, price”), from Middle Dutch coers, from Middle French cours, from Old French cours, from Latin cursus. Doublet of kursus.
* Semantic loan from Dutch wisselkoers (“exchange rate”)


lesi

From Dutch lesie, laesie (“lesion”), from Latin laesiō (“injury”).

(medicine) an infected or otherwise injured or diseased organ or part.


bisturi

From Dutch bistouri, from French bistouri, from archaic Italian pistorese or pistorino (“from Pistoia”).

(surgery, colloquial) scalpel; blade; medical knife


badi

From Malay badi, from Persian بدی (badi, “badness”).


badai

From Malay badai, from Tamil வாடை (vāṭai, “wind, north wind, chill wind”).


faktor

From Dutch factor, from Middle Dutch factoor, from Middle French facteur, from Latin factor (“a doer, maker, performer”), from factus (“done or made”), perfect passive participle of faciō (“do, make”).

(mathematics) any of various objects multiplied together to form some whole.


astronomi

From Dutch astronomie, from Middle Dutch astronomie, from Latin astronomia, from Ancient Greek ἀστρονομία (astronomía).


inversi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch inversie, from French inversion.

(grammar) Deviation from standard word order by putting the predicate before the subject. It takes place in questions with auxiliary verbs and in normal, affirmative clauses beginning with a negative particle, for the purpose of emphasis

(biochemistry) a chemical reaction converting sucrose into glucose and fructose.

(geology) the relative uplift of a previously basinal area resulting from local shortening, in structural geology.

(anatomy, kinesiology) movement of the sole towards the median plane.

(mathematics) A second element which negates a first; in a binary operation, the element for which the binary operation—when applied to both it and an initially given element—yields the operation's identity element.

(Standard Malay)

(logic) a type of conditional sentence which is an immediate inference made from another conditional sentence.


pediatri

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch pediatrie.

(medicine) paediatrics, pediatrics: The branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of children and adolescents.


andrologi

(medicine) andrology: the branch of medicine concerned with male diseases, especially those affecting the male reproductive system.


geriatri

Borrowed from Dutch geriatrie, from French gériatrie, from Ancient Greek γῆρας (gêras, “old age”) (see γέρων (gérōn)) + ἰατρός (iatrós, “physician”); coined in English in 1909 by Ignatz L. Nascher in the New York Medical Journal on the model of pediatrics.

(medicine) geriatrics: The branch of medicine that focuses on health promotion and the prevention and treatment of disease and disability in later life. The term itself can be distinguished from gerontology, which is the study of the aging process itself.


regio

Either directly borrowed or through Dutch regio, from Latin regio. Doublet of region.

regio abdomen

(anatomy) region: a place in or a part of the body in any way indicated.


magnitudo

(seismology) A measure of the energy released by an earthquake (e.g. on the Richter scale).

(astronomy) A logarithmic scale of brightness defined so that a difference of 5 magnitudes is a factor of 100.

A ratio of intensity expressed as a logarithm.


kalori

From Dutch calorie, from French calorie, from Latin calor.

(chemistry, thermodynamics) gram calorie, small calorie: a non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to approximately 4.2 joules. This unit was widely used in chemistry and physics, being the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C.


katarsis

From Dutch catharsis, from Ancient Greek κάθαρσις (kátharsis, “cleansing, purging”), from καθαίρω (kathaírō, “I cleanse”).

(psychology) A therapeutic technique to relieve tension by re-establishing the association of an emotion with the memory or idea of the event that first caused it, and then eliminating it by complete expression (called the abreaction).


radikal

From Dutch radicaal, from French radical, from Late Latin rādīcālis (“of or pertaining to the root, having roots, radical”), from Latin rādīx (“root”).


delusi

a false belief that is resistant to confrontation with actual facts.

(psychiatry, psychology) delusion:
the state of being deluded.

that which is falsely or delusively believed or propagated; false belief; error in belief.


fluida

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch fluïda, the plural form of fluïdum, from Latin fluidus (“flowing; fluid”), fluō (“to flow”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to swell; surge; overflow; run”).

(physics) fluid: Any substance which can flow with relative ease, tends to assume the shape of its container, and obeys Bernoulli's principle; a liquid, gas or plasma.


intensi

From English intension, from Latin intēnsiō (“straining, effort; intensifying”), from intēnsus (“stretched”), perfect passive participle of intendō (“strain or stretch toward”).

(linguistics) intension, any property or quality connoted by a word, phrase or other symbol, contrasted with actual instances in the real world to which the term applies.


astrologi

From Dutch astrologie, from Middle Dutch astrologie, from Latin astrologia (“astronomy”), from Ancient Greek ἀστρολογία (astrología, “telling of the stars”).


tona

From Dutch tonen, plural of toon, from Middle Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.

(linguistics) tone: the pitch of a word that distinguishes a difference in meaning, for example in Chinese.


kolon

Learned borrowing from Latin cŏlon (“large intestine”), from Ancient Greek κόλον (kólon, “the large intestine, also food, meat, fodder”).


antropologi

From Dutch antropologie, from New Latin anthropologia, from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, “man, mankind, human, humanity”) + -λογία (-logía).


mortalitas

Learned borrowing from Latin mortālitās.

(demography) deaths resulting from an event (such as a war, epidemic or disaster).

(demography, epidemiology) the number of deaths per given unit of population over a given period of time.


gramatika

Borrowed from Dutch grammatica, from Latin grammatica, from Ancient Greek γραμματική (grammatikḗ, “skilled in writing”), from γράμμα (grámma, “line of writing”), from γράφω (gráphō, “write”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerebh- (“to scratch”).

der

a system of rules and principles for speaking and writing a language.

a book describing the rules of grammar of a language.

the study of the internal structure of words (morphology) and the use of words in the construction of phrases and sentences (syntax).


anomali

From Dutch anomalie, from French anomalie, from Ancient Greek ἀνωμαλία (anōmalía, “disaccord”).

(linguistics, politics) a deviation from a rule or from what is regarded as normal; an outlier.

(physics, biology) any event or measurement that is out of the ordinary regardless of whether it is exceptional or not.

(biology, medicine) a defect or malformation.


padat

From Malay padat, from Classical Malay padat.

(Standard Malay)

(physics, chemistry, of an object or substance) That can be picked up or held, having a texture, and usually firm. Unlike a liquid or a gas.


ligamen

ligamèn (canonical)
ligamen-ligamen (plural)

From Dutch ligament, from Latin ligāmentum.


eksem

Borrowed from Dutch eczeem (“eczema”), from New Latin eczema, from Ancient Greek ἔκζεμα (ékzema, “rash”).

(dermatology, pathology) eczema: a non-contagious acute or chronic inflammation of the skin, characterized by redness, itching, and the outbreak of oozing vesicular lesions which become encrusted and scaly.


patologi

From Dutch pathologie, from French pathologie, from Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos, “disease”) and -λογία (-logía, “study of”).

(medicine) the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the nature of disease and its causes, processes, development, and consequences.

(medicine) the medical specialty that provides microscopy and other laboratory services (e.g., cytology, histology) to clinicians.


lokus

Learned borrowing from Latin locus (“a place”). Doublet of lokasi.

lbor

(biology) a fixed position on a chromosome that may be occupied by one or more genes.

(mathematics) the set of all points whose coordinates satisfy a given equation or condition.


emisi

From Dutch emissie, from Middle French émission, from Latin ēmissiō (“sending forth”), from ēmittō (“send out”), from ex (“from, out of”) + mittō (“send”).

emission, release,
(physics) of electromagnetic radiation.

emission, release,
of electromagnetic radiation.

emission, release,
(economics) of securities.

emission, release,
(finance) of banknote.


naamloze vennootschap

id-noun

naamloze vennootschap (plural naamloze-naamloze vennootschap)

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch naamloze vennootschap (“public limited company, corporation”, literally “anonymous company”).

ubor

public limited company
public limited company

(business, law) public limited company, corporation


elusi

→ Malay: elusi

(analytical chemistry) elution: the process of removing materials that are absorbed with a solvent.


akun

* From Dutch account (“account”), from English account, from Middle English, from Anglo-Norman acunte (“account”), from Old French aconte, from aconter (“to reckon”), from Latin computō (“to sum up”).
* The management meaning is a semantic loan from English account (“account”).

semantic loan

(accounting, management) a registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review.


koin

(numismatics) a piece of currency, usually metallic and in the shape of a disc, but sometimes polygonal, or with a hole in the middle.

(cryptocurrencies) A cryptocurrency; a cryptocoin.


puki

From Malay puki, from Proto-Malayic *puki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puki, from Proto-Austronesian *puki.


salin

From Malay salin, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salin.
* The sense of harvesting ceremony preparation is a semantic loan from Sundanese [Term?].


asetat

asétat (canonical)
asetat-asetat (plural)


refleksi

Borrowed from Dutch reflectie (“reflection”), from Middle French reflexion, reflection, from Late Latin reflexio, from the participle stem of reflectere.

bor+

(biology, rare) reflex: an automatic response to a simple stimulus which does not require mental processing.


dosis

Learned borrowing from Late Latin dosis (“dose”) (influenced by Dutch dosis (“dose”)), from Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis, “a portion prescribed”, literally “a giving”), used by Galen and other Greek physicians to mean an amount of medicine, from Proto-Hellenic *dótis, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃tis. Doublet of dus.

der

(Standard Malay)

(medicine, pharmacology) a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time.

(Standard Malay)

(nuclear physics, radiology) the quantity of an agent (not always active) substance or radiation administered at any one time.


linguis

linguist (one who studies linguistics or skilled in languages)


semut

From Malay semut, from Classical Malay [Term?], from Aslian, from Proto-Austroasiatic *smuːcʔ (“ant”).


ontologi

From Dutch ontologie, from New Latin ontologia, from Ancient Greek ὄντος (óntos) + λόγος (lógos).

(logic) a logical system involving theory of classes, developed by Stanislaw Lesniewski (1886-1939)

(countable, computer science, information science) a structure of concepts or entities within a domain, organized by relationships; a system model


onderbouw

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch onderbouw (“foundation (of construction or education)”).

ubor

(literally, architecture, civil engineering) foundation of building


divisi

→ Malay: divisi

From Dutch divisie, from Old French division, from Latin divisio, divisionem. Cognate to Afrikaans divisie.

division,
(business) a section of a company.

(biology) a rank below kingdom and above class, particularly used of plants or fungi, also (particularly of animals) called a phylum; a taxon at that rank.


fusi

From Dutch fusie, from Middle French fusion, from Latin fusionem (the accusative of fusio), from fusus, past participle of fundere (“pour, melt”).

(physics) a nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the concomitant release of energy.

(genetics) the result of the hybridation of two genes which originally coded for separate proteins.

(cytology) the process by which two distinct lipid bilayers merge their hydrophobic core, resulting in one interconnected structure.

(business) the legal union of two or more corporations into a single entity, typically assets and liabilities being assumed by the buying party.

(phonology) a type of sound change where two or more sounds merge into one.


impresi

From Dutch impressie, from French impression, from Latin impressio.
* Semantic loan from English impression for philosophical sense.

(anatomy) the indentation or depression made by the pressure of one object on or into another.


abrasi

From Dutch abrasie, from French abrasion (attested since 1611), from Medieval Latin abrasio (“a scraping”), from Latin abrādō (“scrape off”).

(geology) the effect of mechanical erosion of rock, especially a river bed, by rock fragments scratching and scraping it.

(medicine) a superficial wound caused by scraping; an area of skin where the cells on the surface have been scraped or worn away.


erosi

From Dutch erosie, from French érosion, from Latin ērōsiō.

(geology) the result of having been worn away or eroded, as by a glacier on rock or the sea on a cliff face.

(medicine) a shallow ulceration or lesion, usually involving skin or epithelial tissue.

(dentistry) loss of tooth enamel due to non-bacteriogenic chemical processes.


habitus

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch habitus, from Latin habitus.

(sociology) habitus (the lifestyle, etc. of particular social groups)


dispersi

From Dutch dispersie, from Old French dispersion, from Latin dispertio.

(Standard Malay)

(optics) the separation of visible light by refraction or diffraction.


debet

From Dutch debet, from Middle French debet (Modern French débit), from Latin dēbitum (“what is owed, a debt”).

(accounting, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of debit (“debit, receivable”)


torsi

From Dutch torsie, from French torsion, from Late Latin torsio, from Latin torqueō (“twist, turn”).


miskal

Inherited from Malay miskal, from Arabic مِثْقَال (miṯqāl, “weight, unit of weight”).

der

mithqal, a unit of measure for weighing gold or silver, equivalent to around 4,2 grams.


distorsi

Borrowed from Dutch distorsie (“distortion”), from French [Term?].

bor+

(acoustics) noise or other artifacts caused in the electronic reproduction of sound or music.

(optics, radiology) an aberration that causes magnification to change over the field of view.

(medicine) the state of being twisted out of a natural or normal shape or position.


purina

Internationalism, inherited from Malay purina, from German Purin.

(organic chemistry) purine: Any of a class of organic heterocyclic compounds, composed of fused pyrimidine and imidazole rings, that constitute one of the two groups of organic nitrogenous bases (the other being the pyrimidines) and are components of nucleic acids.


awal

Inherited from Malay awal, from Classical Malay awal (“early”), from Arabic أَوَّل (ʔawwal).


agraria

From Latin āgrāria, Latin agrarius (“of the land”), ager (“field”) + -arius via Dutch agrarische Weg (Netherlands Indies Agrarian Law of 1870)


atribut

From Dutch attribuut, from French attribut, from Latin attributum.

(grammar) a word that qualifies a noun, a qualifier.

(archaeology) a characteristic or quality of an artifact.


plasebo

(medicine, pharmacology) placebo, a dummy medicine containing no active ingredients; an inert treatment.


ambulatori

From English ambulatory, from Latin ambulatorius.


granit

Borrowed from Dutch graniet (“granite”), from French granit (“granite”), from Italian granito (“granite”), from granire (“to granulate”), from grano (“grain”), from Latin grānum (“grain”).


ekonom

Borrowed from Dutch econoom, from Latin oeconomus.

an expert in economics, especially one who studies economic data and extracts higher-level information or proposes theories

economist
one concerned with political economy


farmakologi

(medicine) The science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.

(medicine) The properties and reactions of drugs especially with relation to their therapeutic value.


klimatologi

Borrowed from Dutch klimatologie (“climatology”).


adenovirus

Internationalism, borrowed from English adenovirus.


RKA

(finance) Initialism of rencana kerja anggaran (“work plan and budget”).


fonem

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch foneem, from French phonème, from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, literally “sound made”, “utterance”; “thing spoken”, “speech”, “language”).


anafora

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓νᾰφορᾱ́ (ănăphorā́).

lbor

(linguistics) an expression that can refer to virtually any referent, the specific referent being defined by context; An expression that refers to a preceding expression.


pragmatika

(linguistics) pragmatics: the study of the use of language, especially meaning, in a social context; it includes extratextual aspects of language including exophoric reference, phatic utterances, and nonverbal channels.


ekosistem

ékosistêm (canonical)
ekosistem-ekosistem (plural)

Affixed eko- + sistem, from Dutch ecosysteem, from English ecosystem.

(biology, ecology, sciences) a system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.

(business, marketing) a set of interconnected products and services.


akustika

Via some European language, from Ancient Greek ἀκουστικός (akoustikós), from Ancient Greek ἀκούω (akoúō, “to hear”).


embrio

èmbrio (canonical)
embrio-embrio (plural)

From Dutch embryo, from New Latin embryo, from Ancient Greek ἔμβρυον (émbruon, “fetus”).

der

(biology) In the reproductive cycle, the stage after the fertilization of the egg that precedes the development into a fetus.

(botany) A rudimentary plant contained in the seed.


liat

en:Gadjah Mada University
en:IPB University

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="id">liat</i>

(soil science) clay: a mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.


akumulator

Borrowed from Dutch accumulator, from Latin accumulātor, agent noun of accumulō (“pile up”).

(Standard Malay)

(electrical engineering) a wet-cell storage battery.

(engineering) a container which stores hydraulic power for release, in the form of a pressurized fluid (often suspended within a larger tank of fluid under pressure).


antena

antèna (canonical)
antena-antena (plural)

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin antenna.

(zoology) a feeler organ on the head of an insect, crab, or other animal.


agregat

From Dutch aggregaat, from Latin aggregātus.

(geology) solid particles of low aspect ratio added to a composite material, as distinguished from the matrix and any fibers or reinforcements; especially the gravel and sand added to concrete.


akronim

From Dutch acroniem, from Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros, “extremity”) and ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”).


ampula

Learned borrowing from Latin ampulla. Doublet of ampul.

(anatomy, biology, zoology) the dilated end of a duct.

ampulla,
(botany) the spongiole of a root.


korona

From English corona, from Latin corōna (“garland, crown”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē, “garland, wreath”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Doublet of keron.

(astronomy) the luminous plasma atmosphere of the Sun or other star, extending millions of kilometres into space, most easily seen during a total solar eclipse.


feniks

Borrowed from Dutch feniks (“phoenix”), from Medieval Latin phenix, from Latin phoenīx, from Ancient Greek φοῖνιξ (phoînix), from Egyptian bnw (boinu, “grey heron”). Doublet of foniks and funiks.

(astronomy) Phoenix: A spring constellation of the southern sky, said to resemble the mythical bird. It lies north of Tucana.


elektron

From Dutch elektron, electron, from English electron.

(physics) electron: The subatomic particle having a negative charge and orbiting the nucleus; the flow of electrons in a conductor constitutes electricity.


partus

Learned borrowing from Latin partus (“birth, delivery”).

lbor

(obstetrics) childbirth, parturition: The fact or action of giving birth to a child, as the culmination of pregnancy.


etanol

(chemistry) ethanol: a simple aliphatic alcohol formally derived from ethane by replacing one hydrogen atom with a hydroxyl group: CH₃-CH₂-OH.


antraks

From Dutch antrax, from Ancient Greek ἄνθραξ (ánthrax, literally “charcoal”).


struma

(pathology) goiter, goitre: an enlargement of the front and sides of the neck caused by inflammation of the thyroid gland.


anonim

From Dutch anoniem, from French anonyme, from Latin anōnymus, from Ancient Greek ἀνώνυμος (anṓnumos).


mesjid

mêsjid (canonical)
mesjid-mesjid (plural)

/məsˈd͡ʒɪt̚/

alternative spelling of masjid (“mosque”)


gereja

gêrèja (canonical)
gereja-gereja (plural)

From Malay gereja. Borrowed from Portuguese igreja, from Old Galician-Portuguese igreja, from Latin ecclēsia, from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía, “congregation”).

A Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place.


taun

Inherited from Malay taun, from Arabic طَاعُون (ṭāʕūn).

Arabic طَاعُون (ṭāʕūn)


akut

From Dutch acuut (“acute”), from Latin acūtus.

(geometry) of an angle: less than 90 degrees.

acute:
of an angle: less than 90 degrees.

(pathology) of an abnormal condition of recent or sudden onset, in contrast to delayed onset; this sense does not imply severity, unlike the common usage.

(pathology) of a short-lived condition, in contrast to a chronic condition; this sense also does not imply severity.


genetika

From Dutch genetica, from English genetics.

The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.

The genetic makeup of a specific individual or species.


karakter

From Dutch karakter, from Middle Dutch caracter, from Middle French caractère, from Old French caractere, from Latin character, from Ancient Greek χαρακτήρ (kharaktḗr).

(computing, mathematics) a written or printed symbol, or letter.

character:
a written or printed symbol, or letter.


spalk

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch spalk (“splint”), from Middle Dutch spalke.

ubor

pasang spalk (bidai)

splint (supportive and immobilising device)


metamorfosis

Learned borrowing from Latin metamorphōsis, from Ancient Greek μεταμόρφωσις (metamórphōsis), from μεταμορφόω (metamorphóō, “to transform, change, disguise”), from μετά (metá, “concerning change”) + μορφόω (morphóō, “to form”). The form displaced earlier loanword metamorfosa, borrowed from Dutch metamorfose.

der

μεταμόρφωσις

(biology) A change in the form and often habits of an animal after the embryonic stage during normal development.

(pathology) A change in the structure of a specific body tissue.


kelambatan

id-noun

kêlambatan (countable and uncountable, plural kelambatan-kelambatan)

kêlambatan (canonical)
kelambatan-kelambatan (plural)


lingkaran

* Affixed form of lingkar + -an
* Semantic loan from Dutch kring (literally “circle”).

sl

(geometry) a two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from a given point (center).


goreng

From Malay goreng, from Classical Malay goreng. Onomatopoeic. Cognate with Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ (goréng).

menggoreng-goreng [reduplication + agent focus]

saham perusahaan kecil itu digoreng

that small company's stock shares are pumped

(economics) to pump a price of a certain share or cryptocurrency


garam

→ Indonesian Bajau: garam

From Malay garam, from Classical Malay garam (“table salt”), from Proto-Malayic *garəm (“grain”). The chemistry sense is a semantic loan from Dutch zout (“salt”).

(chemistry) one of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.


kata benda

Compound of kata (“word”) + benda (“thing”), calque of Dutch dingwoord (“noun, substantive”, literally “thing word”).


astenia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀσθένεια (asthéneia), from ἀσθενής (asthenḗs, “sick, weak”), from ἀ- (a-, “not, un-”) + σθένος (sthénos, “strength”).

lbor

(pathology) asthenia, weakness: loss of strength.


aktif

Borrowed from Dutch aktief, from Old French actif, from Latin activus. Doublet of aktiva.

Mereka aktif di eskul mereka.

They are active in their extracurricular.


asuransi

→ Malay: asuransi

Borrowed from Dutch assurantie, from Middle Dutch asseurancie, from Old French asseurance.

(insurance) a means of indemnity against a future occurrence of an uncertain event.

insurance:
the business of providing insurance.

(Standard Malay)


delegasi

délêgasi (canonical)
delegasi-delegasi (plural)

From Dutch delegatie, from French délégation, from Latin delegatio, delegationis, delego.

(management, trading) an act of delegating.


anak laki-laki

From Malay anak laki-laki, from Classical Malay انق لاكي-لاكي (anak laki-laki), انق لاكي٢ (anak laki2). Equivalent to anak + laki-laki.

inh

انق لاكي-لاكي


jantung

From Malay jantung, from Classical Malay جنتوڠ (jantung), from Proto-Malayic *jantuŋ.


serangan jantung

id-noun

serangan jantung (plural serangan-serangan jantung)

Compound of serangan (“attack”) + jantung (“heart”), calque of Dutch hartaanval (“heart attack”).

calque

(cardiology, emergency medicine, pathology) heart attack


bintang

From Malay bintang, from Proto-Malayic *bintaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bituqən (compare Tagalog bituin), from Proto-Austronesian *bituqən.

(astronomy) A luminous celestial body, made up of plasma (particularly hydrogen and helium) and having a spherical shape. Depending on context the sun may or may not be included.

(astrology) A planet supposed to influence one's destiny.


bintang

From Semantic loan from Dutch sterretje.


huruf

From Malay huruf, from Arabic حُرُوف (ḥurūf) plural of حَرْف (ḥarf).

(linguistics, typography) graph: A graphical unit on the token-level, the abstracted fundamental shape of a character or letter as distinct from its ductus (realization in a particular typeface or handwriting on the instance-level) and as distinct by a grapheme on the type-level by not fundamentally distinguishing meaning.


proporsi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch proportie, from Old French proportion, from Latin prōportiōnem.

(Standard Malay)

(mathematics) a statement of equality between two ratios.


lengan

lêngan (canonical)
lengan-lengan (plural)

From Malay lengan, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *leŋen, from Proto-Austronesian [Term?].


timur

From Malay timur, from Proto-Malayic *timur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *timuʀ.


tembaga

Inherited from Malay tembaga, from Prakrit *𑀢𑀁𑀩𑀕 (*taṃbaga), from Sanskrit ताम्रक (tāmraka, “copper”).


basah

From Malay basah, from Proto-Malayic *basah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)basəq.


opname

opnamê (canonical)
opname-opname (plural)

From Dutch opname, from opnemen based on German Aufnahme.


elang

From Malay elang ultimately from Austroasiatic either via Javanese elang from Old Javanese hĕlaṅ (“bird of prey”).

(zoology) eagle (Any of several large carnivorous birds in the family Accipitridae)

(zoology) buzzard or any large bird of prey


topologi

Borrowed from Dutch topologie (“topology”), from Ancient Greek τόπος (tópos, “place”)

bor+

(mathematics) the branch of mathematics dealing with those properties of a geometrical object (of arbitrary dimensionality) that are unchanged by continuous deformations (such as stretching, bending, etc., without tearing or gluing).


geografi

géografi (canonical)
geografi-geografi (plural)

From Dutch geografie (“geography”), from Middle French géographie, from Latin geōgraphia, from Ancient Greek γεωγραφία (geōgraphía), from γῆ (gê, “earth”) + γράφω (gráphō, “write”).

geography (study of physical structure and inhabitants of the Earth)


altitudo

(physics) the absolute height of a location, usually measured from sea level.

(astronomy) the angular distance of a heavenly body above our Earth's horizon.


kapten

kaptèn (canonical)
kapten-kapten (plural)

→ Min Nan: 甲丁 (kap-teng, “captain”)

From Dutch kapitein (“captain”), from Old French capitaine, from Late Latin capitāneus, from Latin caput (“head”). Cognate with Afrikaans kaptein.

(aviation) The first officer or co-pilot of an aircraft.


responsi

Affixed respons + -si, from Dutch responsie (“respond, answer”), from Latin responsio.

(biology) response: a reaction to a stimulus or provocation.


kaskade

From Dutch cascade, from French cascade, from Italian cascata, from cascare (“to fall”).

(chemistry) A series of reactions in which the product of one becomes a reactant in the next.


mentol

mèntol (canonical)
mentol-mentol (plural)

(organic chemistry) menthol: a cyclic monoterpene alcohol; the major component of the essential oil of peppermint; used in pharmaceutical preparations as an antitussive and antipruritic agent, as a nasal decongestant, and in menthol cigarettes.


vokal

From Dutch vocaal (“vowel”), from Latin vōcālis.
* Semantic loan from English vocal, except the sense “vowel”.


tulang

Inherited from Malay tulang, from Proto-Malayic *tulaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqəlaŋ, *tuqəlan, from Proto-Austronesian *CuqəlaN.

(specifically) bone (fishbone, a bone of a fish)


regu

→ English: regu

From Malay regu.
* The military sense is a semantic loan from Dutch geweergroep.


racun

(chemistry) poison (any substance that inhibits catalytic activity)


energi

ènèrgi (canonical)
energi-energi (plural)

From Dutch energie, from Middle French énergie, from Late Latin energia, from Ancient Greek ἐνέργεια (enérgeia, “action, act, work”), from ἐνεργός (energós, “active”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”).

der

(physics) energy: a quantity that denotes the ability to do work and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance²/time² (ML²/T²) or the equivalent.


handschoen

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch handschoen, from Middle Dutch hantschoe.


parasit

From Dutch parasiet, from Middle French parasite, from Latin parasitus, from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parásitos, literally “person who eats at the table of another”).

der

(biology) an organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species, deriving benefit from living on or in that other organism, while not contributing towards that other organism sufficiently to cover the cost to that other organism.


SPM

(management, government) Initialism of standar pelayanan minimal (literally “minimum service standard”).


kait

(typography) serif (a short line added to the end of a stroke in traditional typefaces)


kerajaan

kêrajaan (canonical)
kerajaan-kerajaan (plural)

Affixed raja + ke- -an, from Malay kerajaan, from Classical Malay kerajaan (“royal, become king”).

inh

(Standard Malay)

(taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank.


kubus

From Dutch kubus, from Latin cubus, from Ancient Greek κύβος (kúbos).


adiposa

Internationalism, learned borrowing from New Latin adipōsa, adipōsus (“fatty”).

lbor

(anatomy) adipose: Animal fat stored in the tissue of the body.


istana

From Malay istana, from Classical Malay ايستان (istana), from Sanskrit आस्थान (āsthāna). Doublet of astana.

(if crenellated)


aritmia

Learned borrowing from New Latin arrhythmia, from Ancient Greek ἀρρυθμία (arrhuthmía).


jari telunjuk

id-noun

jari telunjuk (plural jari-jari telunjuk)

(anatomy) forefinger (first finger next to the thumb)


kateter

From Dutch katheter, from Latin catheter, from Ancient Greek καθετήρ (kathetḗr).


protoplasma

Borrowed from Dutch protoplasma (“protoplasm”), from German Protoplasma, coined by Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkyně, from Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + πλάσμα (plásma, “something molded”).

coin

(cytology) protoplasm: the entire contents of a cell comprising the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is a semi-fluid, transparent substance which is the living matter of plant and animal cells.


kalk

From Dutch kalk, from Middle Dutch calc, from Old Dutch *kalk, from Latin calx.


kartel

From Dutch kartel (“cartel”), from German Kartell, from French cartel, from Italian cartello, diminutive of carta, from Latin carta, charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “papyrus, paper”). Doublet of kardus, karton, kartu, katrij, and kertas.

doublet

(economics) group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices.


paru

(medicine) Alternative spelling of paru-paru (“lung”)


tuas

From Malay tuas, from Proto-Aslian *tuəs (“to pull out”), from East Austroasiatic.

(mechanics) lever, a rigid piece which is capable of turning about one point, or axis (the fulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where forces are applied; — used for transmitting and modifying force and motion.


lelaki

From Malay laki-laki, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Madurese lalake, Tagalog lalaki); Partial reduplication of laki.


visera

Learned borrowing from Latin viscera, the plural of viscus.

(anatomy) viscus, viscera: the internal organ(s) of the body, especially those contained within the abdominal and thoracic cavities, such as the liver, heart, or stomach.


fungsi

From Malay fungsi, from Dutch functie, from French fonction, from Middle French function, ultimately from Latin functiō.

memfungsikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

(biology) the physiological activity of an organ or body part.

(mathematics) a relation in which each element of the domain is associated with exactly one element of the codomain.

(linguistics) a way of achieving an aim using language.


amandel

From Dutch amandel, from Middle Dutch amandel.


beruang kutub

Compound of beruang (“bear”) + kutub (“pole”), calque of English polar bear.

com+

Ursus maritimus
Ursus maritimus#Translingual


resistans

résistans (canonical)
resistans-resistans (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch résistance, from French résistance, from Latin resistentia.

electrical resistance
electrical resistance

(electricity, electronics) electrical resistance.

(psychology) the forces that counteract progress in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy.


lobi

(architecture, art) an entryway or reception area; vestibule; passageway; corridor.


TK

(cartography) Initialism of titik kartometrik (“cartometric point”).


visus

(ophthalmology) vision, eyesight, visual perception: the power of sight.


sektor

sèktor (canonical)
sektor-sektor (plural)

(mathematics, geometry) part of a circle, extending to the center.


kitin

From Dutch chitine, from French chitine.

(zoology) chitin (polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, found in arthropod and fungi)


gigi

From Malay gigi, from Proto-Malayic *gigi.


busur

From Malay busur, from Proto-Malayic *busur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *busuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *busuʀ.

(Standard Malay)

(geometry) arc: continuous part of the circumference of a circle (circular arc) or of another curve.

(Standard Malay)

(architecture) arch an architectural element having the shape of an arch; an arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward.


sosiologi

From Dutch sociologie, from French sociologie, coined by Auguste Comte in 1834.

(sociology) sociology: the study of society, human social interaction and the rules and processes that bind and separate people not only as individuals, but as members of associations, groups and institutions.


fabrik

From Dutch fabriek, from French fabrique, from Latin fabrica (“a workshop, art, trade, product of art, structure, fabric”), from faber (“artisan, workman”). Doublet of pabrik.

der

(geology) fabric: the spatial and geometric configuration of all the elements that make a rock up.


santan

From Malay santan, from Old Javanese santĕn (“coconut milk”), from Sanskrit सार (sāra, “essence”). Doublet of sara and sari.

Santan adalah cairan putih kental yang dihasilkan dari kelapa.

Coconut milk is a thick white liquid produced from coconuts.


asana

From Sanskrit आसन (āsana). Doublet of angsana.

(archaeology) related to definitions above.


artikel

artikêl (canonical)
artikel-artikel (plural)

From Dutch artikel, from Latin articulus (“a joint, limb, member, part, division, the article in grammar, a point of time”); prop. diminutive of artus (“a joint”), from ar (“to fit, join”).

(linguistics) A part of speech that indicates, specifies and limits a noun (a, an, or the in English).


dorongan

(mechanics) thrust: the force generated by propulsion, as in a jet engine.


tindakan

Affixed tindak + -an, inherited from Malay tindakan. Semantic loan from Dutch feit (literally “fact”) for law sense.

sl

Pasien ini memerlukan tindakan pembedahan jantung.

This patient required a cardiac surgical procedure.


pelabuhan

Affixed labuh + per- -an, from Malay pelabuhan.


bangsa

Inherited from Malay bangsa, from Classical Malay بڠسا (bangsa), from Old Malay vaṃśa, from Sanskrit वंश (vaṃśá, “offspring, lineage, collection”). Doublet of wangsa. Cognate of Tagalog bansa (“nation”).

der

A group of people, animals, or plants with shared origin and the same characteristic.

(countable, biology, taxonomy) Order: a taxonomy unit (taxon) between the family and class, also functioned as the umbrella term for family which cognates to one another (in plants, the family names end with -ales, e.g. Zingiberales)


batuk

From Malay batuk, from Proto-Malayic, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batuk.
Doublet of batok and batu.

Bapak batuk parah.


torka

From English torque, from Latin torqueō (“to twist”).


kutikula

Learned borrowing from Latin cuticula (“cuticle, skin”).

lbor

(anatomy) epidermis: the outermost layer of the skin of vertebrates.

(botany, zoology) a noncellular protective covering outside the epidermis of many invertebrates and plants.


badar

Inherited from Malay badar, from Old Javanese wadĕr (“small freshwater fish”).


diftong

From Dutch diftong, from Middle French diphtongue, from Latin diphthongus, from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos).


eugenika

Internationalism, borrowed from English eugenics.


kasar

Inherited from Malay kasar. Compare Javanese ꦏꦱꦂ (kasar, “coarse, rough, unrefined”), probably derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔsar.

cog

(statistics) uncorrected, without analysis.


fluks

Borrowed from English flux, from Old French flux, from Latin fluxus (“flow”).

(physics) the rate of transfer of energy (or another physical quantity), especially an electric or magnetic field, through a given surface.


aksioma

From Dutch axioma, from Latin axiōma, from Ancient Greek ἀξίωμα (axíōma). Compare Kuala Lumpur Standard Malay aksiom.


siring

Internationalism, from Latin sȳrinx (“reed; reed pipe, panpipes”), from Ancient Greek σῦριγξ (sûrinx, “panpipes; pipe-shaped object”), from Pre-Greek.


lemah

(zoology) False trevally (Lactarius lactarius).


KPI

key performance indicator
key performance indicator#English

(management) Initialism of key performance indicator.


ruko

(architecture, real estate) Acronym of rumah toko (“shophouse”).


koil

From English coil, from Middle French coillir (“to gather, pluck, pick, cull”) (French: cueillir), from Latin colligo (“to gather together”), past participle collectus, from com- (“together”) + lego (“to gather”).

(electromagnetism, engineering) coil: a coil of electrically conductive wire through which electricity can flow.


makro

Borrowed from English macro, short for macroinstruction.

(programming) macro: a comparatively human-friendly abbreviation of complex input to a computer program.


HO

surat izin gangguan
surat izin gangguan#Indonesian

(business, government, law) Initialism of hinder ordonnantie (literally “hindrance ordinance”): a government permit for business activities with disturbance, hindrance or danger potential and also known as surat izin gangguan or izin gangguan.

hinder ordonnantie

(pathology) Initialism of hongeroedeem (“kwashiorkor”, literally “hungry edema”).


nukleus

nukléus (canonical)
nukleus-nukleus (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin nucleus or through Dutch nucleus.

(cytology) a large membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells which contains genetic material.


kaldera

From Dutch caldera, from Spanish caldera (“cauldron”), from Late Latin caldāria (“warm bath”), from Latin caldārium.

(volcanology) caldera: a large crater formed by collapse of the cone or edifice of a volcano.


afasia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀφασία (aphasía), from ἄφατος (áphatos, “speechless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + φάσις (phásis, “speech”).

af

(neurology, pathology) aphasia: a partial or total loss of language skills due to brain damage. Usually, damage to the left perisylvian region, including Broca's area and Wernicke's area, causes aphasia.


ortopedi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch orthopedie, from French orthopédie, from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “correct, straight”) + παιδίον (paidíon, “child”).

com

(surgery) orthopedics, orthopaedics: The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention or correction of disorders of the bones and associated muscles and joints.


azimut

From Dutch azimut, from French azimut, from Arabic اَلسُّمُوت (as-sumūt).


advis

Borrowed from Dutch advies, from Middle Dutch avijs, from Old French avis, from the phrase ce m'est a vis ("in my view"), where vis is from Latin visum (“vision, image”)

(finance) Remittance advice, a formal statement indicating financial transactions.


limpa

(anatomy) spleen, in vertebrates, including humans, a ductless vascular gland, located in the left upper abdomen near the stomach, which destroys old red blood cells, removes debris from the bloodstream, acts as a reservoir of blood, and produces lymphocytes.


walet

swallow, martin (any bird in the family Hirundinidae)

swift (any small plain-colored bird of the family Apodidae)


paten

From Dutch patent (“patent”), from Middle French patente, from lettres patentes (“letter in which a privilege is granted”), from Latin littera patens.


hipotermia

Affixed hipo- + *termia, learned borrowing from New Latin hypothermia, from Ancient Greek ὑπο- (hupo-, “under”) + θέρμη (thérmē, “heat”) + Latin -ia.


absolutisme

→ Malay: absolutisme

Affixed absolut + -isme, from Dutch absolutisme, from French absolutisme.

(politics, political science) the principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government.


kaidah

From Malay kaidah (Standard Malay kaédah), from Arabic قَاعِدَة (qāʕida).

(biology, chemistry, economics, linguistics, physics) A regulation, law, guideline.

(mathematics) A determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result.


kaleng

From Malay kaleng, from Portuguese calaim, from Arabic قَلَعِيّ (qalaʕiyy, “tin”).


tulang rahang atas

id-noun

tulang rahang atas (plural tulang-tulang rahang atas)


tulang rahang bawah

tulang rahang bawah (plural tulang-tulang rahang bawah)


pandemi

pandémi (canonical)
pandemi-pandemi (plural)

From Dutch pandemie, from Late Latin pandemus, from Ancient Greek πάν (pán, “all”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “the people”). Doublet of pandemik.

compound

(epidemiology) pandemic, of a disease: epidemic over a wide geographical area and affecting a large proportion of the population; also, of or pertaining to a disease of this nature.


hormon

From Dutch hormoon, from English hormone, from Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn), present participle of ὁρμάω (hormáō, “to set in motion, urge on”).

(physiology) any substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to effect physiological activity.

(pharmacology) a synthetic compound with the same activity.

(botany) any similar substance in plants.

hormone
any similar substance in plants.


asas

From Malay asas, from Arabic أَسَاس (ʔasās).

(chemistry, education, law, physics) principle


tunda

(agriculture) board 120 cm x 30 cm dimension with 2 m-stick connected.


apendisitis

Learned borrowing from Latin appendicitis.

lbor

(pathology) appendicitis: inflammation of the vermiform appendix.


abis

From English abyss, from Middle English abissus, from Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βυσσός (bussós, “deep place”), from βυθός (buthós, “deep place”).


anak perempuan

anak (“child”) + perempuan (“girl”), from Malay anak perempuan, from Classical Malay انق ڤرمڤوان (anak perempuan).


asid

Inherited from Malay asid, from English acid.

(uncommon, chemistry) Synonym of asam (“acid”).


jadi

From Arabic اَلْجَدْي (al-jady, “young goat, Capricorn”).


ligan

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch ligand.

coordination chemistry
coordination chemistry

coordination complex
coordination complex

(chemistry) ligand: a molecule or moiety (ion, functional group, or radical) that binds to another chemical entity to form a larger complex; as, especially:

(coordination chemistry) such an entity that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.

(biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, medicine) such an entity that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.


dulang

Inherited from Malay dulang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dulaŋ (“tray or low table”).


verba

From Dutch verba (“verbs”), from Latin verba, verbum, from Proto-Italic *werβom, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰh₁om (“word”).

(grammar) verb, a word that indicates an action, event, or state.


epitel

èpitèl (canonical)
epitel-epitel (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch epitheel, from New Latin epithēlium, from Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “on, atop, epi-”) + θηλή (thēlḗ, “nipple”) + -ium (“aggregation”).


sisi

(geometry) face: any of the flat bounding surfaces of a polyhedron. More generally, any of the bounding pieces of a polytope of any dimension


sisi

(zoology) common green bottle fly (Lucilia sericata).


cedera

cêdêra (canonical)
cedera-cedera (plural)

From Malay cedera, from Sanskrit छिद्र (chidra, “hole, opening, defect, flaw”).


waran

(finance) warrant (an option, usually issued together with another security and with a term at issue greater than a year, to buy other securities of the issuer)


gondok

(pathology) goiter, goitre: an enlargement of the front and sides of the neck caused by inflammation of the thyroid gland.


infinitif

Borrowed from Dutch infinitief (“infinitive”), from Old French infinitif, from Latin īnfīnītīvus.


variabel

From Dutch variabel, from French variable, from Latin variare (“to change”), from varius (“different, various”).

(mathematics): a quantity that may assume any one of a set of values; a symbol representing a variable.


dagu

From Malay dagu, from Classical Malay داݢو (dagu), from Proto-Malayic *daguʔ.


kapitalisme

From kapital + -isme, from Dutch kapitalisme.


balans

From Dutch balans, from Middle Dutch balanse, from Old French balance, from Latin bilanx.

(accounting) balance sheet: a list accounting for the debits on one side, and for the credits on the other.


ekor

From Malay ekor, from ikur, from Proto-Malayic *ikur, *ikuŋ (compare Brunei Malay ekong, Malay ekor, Minangkabau ikua), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuʀ, *ikuŋ (compare Acehnese iku, Balinese ikut, Buginese ikkoʔ), from Proto-Austronesian *ikuʀ.


debu

From Malay debu, from Proto-Malayic *dəbu.

(geology) silt: a particle from 3.9 to 62.5 microns in diameter, following the Wentworth scale.


tenaga

tênaga (canonical)
tenaga-tenaga (plural)

From Malay tenaga, from Sanskrit तानयति (tānayati, “to extend, to expand”). Semantic loan from Dutch energie (“energy”) for physics sense.

sl

(physics) a quantity that denotes the ability to do work and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance²/time² (ML²/T²) or the equivalent.


ginjal

Inherited from Malay ginjal. Cognate of Sundanese ᮌᮤᮔ᮪ᮏᮜ᮪ (ginjal).


kromosom

Borrowed from Dutch chromosoom (“chromosome”), from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”) + σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

bor+

(cytology, genetics) chromosome: a linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.


koloni

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch kolonie, from Latin colōnia (“colony”), colōnus (“farmer; colonist”), colō (“till, cultivate, worship”).

(zoology) a group of organisms of same or different species living together in close association.


klausa

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin clausa, diminutive of clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). Doublet of klausul.

lbor

(grammar) clause: a verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them.


stase

From Dutch stage (“probation, induction; apprenticeship; internship”), from French stage, from Medieval Latin stagium, itself from Old French estage: ester + -age (whence modern French étage).

bor

Seorang dokter residen yang sedang menjalankan praktik stase di sebuah rumah sakit diduga jadi korban penganiayaan.

A resident doctor who is on apprenticeship practice in a hospital is suspected as a victim of persecution.

(medicine, colloquial) (part of) residency.

(medicine, colloquial) (part of) clinical clerkship, clinical rotation: period of medical education in which students – medical, nursing, dental, or otherwise – practice medicine under the supervision of a health practitioner.


eter

Borrowed from Dutch ether, from Middle Dutch ether, from Latin aethēr, from Ancient Greek αἰθήρ (aithḗr).

(organic chemistry) organic compound containing an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups.

(historical, physics) luminiferous aether, medium in which electromagnetic waves were supposed to occur.


anabolisme

From Dutch anabolisme, from French anabolisme, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up”) + βάλλω (bállō, “I throw”) + -isme.


fosil

Borrowed from Dutch fossiel (“fossil”), from French fossile, from Latin fossilis (“something which has been dug up”), from fodio (“I dig up”).


tata letak

head

tata letak (plural tata-tata letak, first-person possessive tata letakku, second-person possessive tata letakmu, third-person possessive tata letaknya)

tata-tata letak (plural)
tata letak ku (first-person possessive)
tata letak mu (possessive second-person)
tata letak nya (possessive third-person)

Compound of tata (“arrangement”) + letak (“location”).

compound

(publishing) The process of arranging editorial content, advertising, graphics and other information to fit within certain constraints.

(engineering) A map or a drawing of a construction site showing the position of roads, buildings or other constructions.

(typography) The setting or composition of written material into type; typesetting


jari kelingking

id-noun

jari kelingking (plural jari-jari kelingking)

(anatomy) little finger, pinky (outermost and smallest finger of the hand)


laporan

(finance) statement: a document that summarizes financial activity.


ofset

(printing) the offset printing process, in which ink is carried from a metal plate to a rubber blanket and from there to the printing surface.


unipolar

(medicine, politics, psychology) unipolar


mawar

Inherited from Malay mawar, rrom Arabic مَاء وَرْد (māʔ ward, “rosewater”).


karper

From Dutch karper, from Vulgar Latin carpa, of unknown origin.

Cyprinus carpio
Cyprinus carpio#Translingual

(zoology) A carp, the often fished species Cyprinus carpio


iskemia

Learned borrowing from New Latin ischaemia, from Ancient Greek ἴσχαιμος (ískhaimos, “stoppage of blood flow”), from ῐ̓́σχω (ĭ́skhō), ἰσχάνω (iskhánō, “to hold back, restrain; to stay, stop”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold; to overcome”)) + αἷμᾰ (haîmă, “blood”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *say- (“thick or viscous liquid”)).
* Displaced earlier iskemi, a loanword from Dutch ischemie.

der

(pathology) ischemia: local disturbance in blood circulation due to mechanical obstruction of the blood supply (for example, embolism, thrombosis, or vasoconstriction).


sadisme

sadismê (canonical)
sadisme-sadisme (plural)

From Dutch sadisme, from French sadisme, after Marquis de Sade.


sero

Back-formation from pesero (“shareholder”) as per- + sero, from earlier persero, from Portuguese parceiro (“business partner”), from Old Galician-Portuguese parceiro, from Late Latin partiārius, from Latin partiō, from pars.

der

(finance, trading) stock, the capital raised by a company through the issue of shares.


sinapsis

(anatomy) synapse: the junction between the terminal of a neuron and either another neuron or a muscle or gland cell, over which nerve impulses pass.


lamin

Borrowed from Tenggarong Kutai Malay lamin, from non-Malayic substrate (cognate with Lotud lamin and Coastal Kadazan hamin).

bor+

the traditional longhouse of East Kalimantan


bioinformatika

Internationalism, affixed bio- + informatika.

(biology, computer science) bioinformatics: a field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline to analyse biological information using computers and statistical techniques.


adenosina

(biochemistry, genetics, organic chemistry) adenosine (a nucleoside derived from adenine and ribose, found in striated muscle tissue)


asam

From Malay asam, masam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaləsəm.
* The sense “a chemical compound” is a semantic loan from Dutch zuur (“acid”).

(chemistry) acidic: of or pertaining to an acid.


asam

any of a class of water-soluble compounds, having sour taste, that turn blue litmus red, and react with some metals to liberate hydrogen, and with bases to form salts.

any compound that easily donates protons; a Brønsted acid

any compound that can accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond; a Lewis acid


kalke

From Dutch calque, from French calque (“calque”, literally “copy, tracing”), from calquer (“to copy, trace”), itself borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calcāre (“to tread”).

der

(linguistics) calque: a word or phrase in a language formed by word-for-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of a word in another language.


waria

Blend of wanita (“woman”) + pria (“man”). First attested in 1978. Replaced wadam.

blend

a member of Indonesia's traditional transfeminine third gender


faal

From Arabic فَعْل (faʕl, “work, function”).

(medicine) physiology: the functions and activities of life or of living matter (as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved.

(biology) function: the physiological activity of an organ or body part.


organogram

organisation chart
organisation chart#English

organization chart
organization chart#English

(management) organisation chart, organization chart.


integrasi

intêgrasi (canonical)
integrasi-integrasi (plural)

From Dutch integratie, ultimately from Latin integratio.

(politics, government, sociology) the process of fitting into a community, notably applied to 'visible' (ethnic, immigrant...) minorities.

(mathematics) the operation of finding the integral of a function.


ligasi

→ Malay: ligasi

Borrowed from Dutch ligatie (“ligation”), from Late Latin ligatio, ligationis, from Latin ligo.

bor+

(surgery) the act of tying off or sealing a blood vessel, fallopian tube, etc during surgery; act of ligating.

(chemistry) the formation of a complex by reaction with a ligand.


fisika

From Dutch fysica, from Latin physica, from Ancient Greek φυσικός (phusikós, “natural”). Compare to Afrikaans fisika.

der

physics, the branch of science concerned with the study of the properties and interactions of space, time, matter and energy.


profase

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch profase.


konveksi

From Dutch convectie, from Latin convectiō.

(meteorology) The vertical movement of heat and moisture, especially by updrafts and downdrafts in an unstable air mass.

(physics) The transmission of heat in a fluid by the circulation of currents.


higiene

Borrowed from Dutch hygiëne (“hygiene”), from French hygiène, from Ancient Greek ὑγιεινή (τέχνη) (hugieinḗ (tékhnē), literally “art of health”), from ὑγιεινός (hugieinós, “of health, good for the health, wholesome, sound, healthy”), from ὑγιής (hugiḗs, “healthy, sound”).

ὑγιεινή (τέχνη)

those conditions and practices that promote and preserve health.


fosforilasi

Borrowed from Dutch fosforylatie (“phosphorylation”).


datif

From Dutch datief, from French datif, from Latin dativus.


jari manis

From Malay jari manis. Equivalent to
jari (“finger”) + manis (“sweet”).

(anatomy) ring finger (finger between the middle finger and little finger)


komet

(astronomy) comet (a celestial body, generally with a tail)


anoksia

(ecology, pathology) anoxia: a total depletion in the level of oxygen.


gempa bumi

From Malay gempa bumi, from calque of Sanskrit भूमिकम्प (bhūmikampa, “earthquake”), from भूमि (bhūmi, “earth”) + कम्प (kampa, “quake”), as gempa (“tremor”) + bumi (“earth”). Compare with Hindi भूकंप (bhūkamp, “earthquake”), Marathi भूकंप (bhūkampa, “earthquake”).


dispnea

Learned borrowing from Latin dyspnoea, from Ancient Greek δύσπνοια (dúspnoia). Compare to Dutch dyspnoe.


landas

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering


bayangan

(optics) image: duplication of an object that appears almost identical


oprit

(construction, engineering, road transport) ramp


elektromagnetisme

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch elektromagnetisme.


gendang telinga

id-noun

gendang telinga (plural gendang-gendang telinga)

gendang (“kendhang”) + telinga (“ear”), from English eardrum.

eardrum (membrane separating outer and middle ears)


fraktur

From Dutch fractuur, from Middle French fracture, from Old French fracture, from Latin fractura (“a breach, fracture, cleft”), from frangere (“to break”), past participle fractus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-.

der

(medicine) a break in bone or cartilage.


badan

From Malay badan, from Classical Malay بادن (badan), from Arabic بَدَن (badan). Semantic loan from Dutch lichaam (“body”) for “main section” and “coherent group” senses.

semantic loan

Saya tidak enak badan.

(anatomy) physical structure of a human or animal.


bioma

(ecology) biome: any major regional biological community such as that of forest or desert; all the genomes of such a community.


aviditas

(biochemistry) avidity: The measure of the synergism of the strength of individual interactions between proteins.


iklan

→ Tetum: iklan

From Arabic إِعْلَان (ʔiʕlān). Coined by Indonesian journalist Soedardjo Tjokrosisworo in 1951 with intention to replace adpertensi (current spelling advertensi).

bor

Arabic إِعْلَان (ʔiʕlān)

coinage

(advertising) advertisement (commercial solicitation)

mengiklankan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

periklanan [causative passive + resultative


indeks

(economics) a single number calculated from an array of prices or of quantities.

(linguistics) a type of noun where the meaning of the form changes with respect to the context.


obesitas

obèsitas (canonical)
obesitas-obesitas (plural)

From Dutch obesitas (“obesity”), from Latin obēsitās (“obesity”), from obēsus (“fat, weighty”).


morfologi

From Dutch morfologie, from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ) + λόγος (lógos).

a scientific study of form and structure, usually without regard to function, especially:

(linguistics) the study of the internal structure of morphemes (words and their semantic building blocks).

(biology) the study of the form and structure of animals and plants.

(geology) the study of the structure of rocks and landforms.


dinamika

(physics, mechanics) The branch of mechanics that is concerned with the effects of forces on the motion of objects.


kredit

krèdit (canonical)
kredit-kredit (plural)

Ultimately from Middle French crédit (“belief, trust”), from Latin creditum (“a loan, credit”), neuter of creditus, past participe of credere (“to believe”).
* Borrowed from Dutch credit (“liabilities”) for sense of liabilities
* Borrowed from Dutch krediet for sense of credit (finance and accounting senses), debt.
* Semantic loan from English credit for sense of value, distinction or honour; course credit.

bor+

(finance) an amount of money in a company that is owed to someone and has to be paid in the future, such as tax, debt, interest, and mortgage payments.

(accounting) the right side of a balance sheet.

liabilities
the right side of a balance sheet.

(accounting) an addition to certain accounts; the side of an account on which payments received are entered.

(finance) debt: money that one person or entity owes or is required to pay to another, generally as a result of a loan or other financial transaction.


grafik

From Dutch grafiek, from French graphique, from Latin graphicus (“belonging to painting or drawing”), from Ancient Greek γραφικός (graphikós, “belonging to painting or drawing, picturesque, of or for writing; of style, lively”), from γραφή (graphḗ, “drawing, painting, writing, a writing, description, etc.”), from γράφω (gráphō, “scratch, carve”).

der

(computing, mathematics, statistics) graph: a data chart (graphical representation of data) intended to illustrate the relationship between a set (or sets) of numbers (quantities, measurements or indicative numbers) and a reference set, whose elements are indexed to those of the former set(s) and may or may not be numbers.

(mathematics, statistics) chart:
a diagram

(mathematics, statistics) chart:
a graph


audiometri

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch audiometrie.

(medicine) audiometry: the quantitative assessment of a person's hearing ability, especially by means of an audiometer.


artritis

From Ancient Greek ἀρθρῖτις (arthrîtis, “joint-disease, gout”), from ἄρθρον (árthron, “a joint”).

bor

(pathology, rheumatology) arthritis: inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders.


kehamilan

id-noun

kehamilan (countable and uncountable, plural kehamilan-kehamilan)

kehamilan ekstrauterin

extrauterine pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy

kehamilan kornu

cornual pregnancy, interstitial pregnancy


jasa

From Sanskrit यशस् (yaśas, “honor”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáśas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáćas (“glory; honor”).

der

(economics) service, the practice of providing such an act of being of assistance to someone as economic activity.


varietas

(biology) cultivar: an animal or plant (or a group of such animals or plants) with characteristics causing it to differ from other animals or plants of the same species.

(botany, taxonomy) a rank in a taxonomic classification below species and (if present) subspecies, and above form; hence, an organism of that rank.


inventarisasi

(business, management) inventory: The process of producing or updating such a list.


gudang

Inherited from Malay gudang, from Tamil கிடங்கு (kiṭaṅku, “store room”), from Proto-Dravidian [Term?]. Cognate of Kannada ಗದಙ್ಗು (gadaṅgu), Malayalam കിടങ്ങു (kiṭaṅṅu).

warehouse (a place for storing large amounts of products. In logistics, a place where products go to from the manufacturer before going to the retailer)


BBN

bea balik nama
bea balik nama#Indonesian

(taxation) Initialism of bea balik nama (“transfer tax”).


barok

From Dutch barok, from French baroque, from Portuguese barocco, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly from Latin verruca (“wart”).

(architecture, literature) Baroque, a period in western architecture, art and music from ca. 1600 to ca. 1760 CE.


stilus

Learned borrowing from Latin stilus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp; to sting”).

(Standard Malay)

(botany) style: The stalk that connects the stigma(s) to the ovary in a pistil of a flower.


akson

(anatomy) axon, a nerve fibre which is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, and which conducts nerve impulses away from the body of the cell to a synapse.


gardu

From Javanese ꦒꦂꦝꦸ (gardhu), from Portuguese guarda (“guard”), from Old Galician-Portuguese guardar, from Medieval Latin wardō, from Frankish *wardōn, from Proto-Germanic *wardāną (“to guard”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to heed, defend”). Doublet of garda.


badak

Inherited from Malay badak, from Javanese ꦧꦝꦏ꧀ (badhak) (compare Javanese ꦮꦫꦏ꧀ (warak, “rhinoceros”)), from Old Javanese warak (“rhinoceros”) (compare Old Javanese wadak (“wild buffalo”)), probably from Proto-Austroasiatic (compare to Proto-Bahnaric *-rok (“cow, ox”) and Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuk (“ox”))

(zoology) rhinoceros (herbivorous pachyderm with one or two horns)


labu

From Malay labu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *labuq₂ (“the bottle gourd: Lagenaria siceraria”); reconstructed by Robert Blust (compare Tboli labuk (“the bottle gourd: Lagenaria siceraria”), Central Dusun hobuʔ (“calabash, type of gourd”)); alternatively, from Sanskrit अलाबु (alābu). Note that the reconstruction by Blust explained the final plosive in Tboli and Dusun that a derivation from Sanskrit cannot explain.

cog

Labu Erlenmeyer


paru-paru

From Malay paru-paru, equivalent to reduplication of paru.

(anatomy) lung (organ that extracts oxygen from the air)


rantai

From Malay rantai, from Old Javanese rantay (“chain; rope; circular flower arrangement”).

der

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) a number of atoms in a series, which combine to form a molecule


enzim

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch enzym, from German Enzym, coined 1878 by the German physiologist Wilhelm Kühne from Ancient Greek ἐν (en, “in”) + ζύμη (zúmē, “sourdough”).

affix

(biochemistry) enzyme: a globular protein that catalyses a biological chemical reaction.


es teh

Calque of Dutch ijsthee as es (“ice”) + teh (“tea”).

(chiefly Jakarta) unsweet, unsweetened, plain variant.

iced tea
unsweet, unsweetened, plain variant.


operasi

opêrasi (canonical)
operasi-operasi (plural)

From Dutch operatie, from Latin operātiō, the verb of operor (“I work”), from opus, operis (“work”).

operation
(medicine) a surgical procedure.


impuls

Borrowed from Dutch impuls, from Latin impulsus.

(mechanics) momentum (product of mass and velocity)


tesaurus

Borrowed from Dutch thesaurus, from Latin thēsaurus, from Ancient Greek θησαυρός (thēsaurós, “storehouse, treasure”).

der

(information science) a hierarchy of subject headings: canonical titles of themes and topics, the titles serving as search keys.


replikon

(genetics) replicon: a DNA molecule or a region of DNA that replicates as an individual unit. A replicon may be, for instance, a chromosome, a plasmid or a phage.


patriarki

Internationalism, perhaps borrowed from English patriarchy, from Latin patriarchia, from Byzantine Greek πατριαρχία (patriarkhía), from Koine Greek πατριάρχης (patriárkhēs, “patriarch”), from πατρία (patría) and ἄρχω (árkhō). Doublet of patriarkat.

(anthropology, history) a social system in which the father is head of the household, having authority over women and children, and in which lineage is traced through the male line.


kelas

From Dutch klas (“classroom”) and klasse (“class”), from French classe, from Middle French classe, from Latin classis. Doublet of klasis. Not inherited from Malay kelas, which is from English class.
* Semantic loan from English class for all senses other than “classroom” and “grade”.

(sociology) a social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc.

(taxonomy) a rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.

(set theory) a collection of sets definable by a shared property.

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming

(object-oriented programming) a set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set.


jalur

From Malay jalur, from Classical Malay جالور (jalur).

(biochemistry) pathway: a sequence of biochemical compounds, and the reactions linking them, that describe a process in metabolism or catabolism.


topografi

Borrowed from Dutch topografie (“topography”), from Latin topographia, from Ancient Greek τοπογραφία (topographía), from τόπος (tópos, “place”) + γράφω (gráphō, “I write”).

bor+

(geography) a precise description of a place.

topography:
a precise description of a place.

(geography) a detailed graphic representation of the surface features of a place or object.

(geography) the surveying of the features.

topography:
the surveying of the features.


huma

Inherited from Malay huma (“dry or hill rice field; newly cleared land”).


jenis

From Malay jenis, from Arabic جِنْس (jins). Doublet of genus, gender, and genre.


jenuh

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) containing all the solute that can normally be dissolved at a given temperature.

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) having all available valence bonds filled; especially of any organic compound containing only single bonds between carbon atoms.


lemak

Inherited from Malay lemak, from Proto-Malayic *ləmək, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləmək (“fertile, of soil”).
* The sense of tasty, delicious is a semantic loan from Minangkabau lamak, from the same Proto-Malayic term.

inh

(organic chemistry, proscribed) lipid: any of a group of organic compounds including the fats, oils, waxes, sterols, and triglycerides. Lipids are characterized by being insoluble in water, and account for most of the fat present in the human body.


cip

From English chip, from Middle English chip, chippe, from Old English ċipp (“chip; small piece of wood”), from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) (attested in forċippian (“to cut off”)).

der

(computing, engineering) chip, a circuit fabricated in one piece on a small, thin substrate.


citra

From Malay citra (“image”), from Sanskrit चित्र (citrá, “picture”).

mencitrakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

(management) people's perception towards a person, company, organization or product

(forestry) data or information from aerial photographs used as evaluation materials


taifun

From Sinitic
* 大風／大风 (“big wind”) (Cantonese daai⁶ fung¹, Hakka thai-fûng).
* 颱風／台风 (“typhoon”) (Cantonese toi⁴ fung¹, Hakka thòi-fûng).


betik

Anabas testudineus
Anabas testudineus#Translingual

(zoology) climbing perch (Anabas testudineus), of Asia.


utang

From Malay utang, hutang, from Classical Malay utang, hutang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutaŋ.

(finance) money that one person or entity owes or is required to pay to another, generally as a result of a loan or other financial transaction.

(accounting) liabilities: the right side of a balance sheet.


inkubator

(agriculture) an apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for the hatching of eggs.

(medicine) an apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a newborn baby.

(microbiology) a place to maintain the culturing of bacteria at a steady temperature.

(business) a support programme for the development of entrepreneurial companies.


gigantisme

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch gigantisme, from French gigantisme.

(pathology) gigantism: A condition where there is over-production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland in a child before the bone growth plates close, resulting in excessive long bone growth, accompanied by muscular weakness and sexual impotence.


gelam

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">gelam</i>

(botany) weeping paperbark, long-leaved paperbark, or white paperbark (Melaleuca leucadendra).


transformator

From Dutch transformator (“transformer”).

(electrical engineering) transformer: a static device that transfers electric energy from one circuit to another by magnetic coupling. Their main use is to transfer energy between different voltage levels, which allows choosing most appropriate voltage for power generation, transmission and distribution separately.


termodinamika

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch thermodynamica (“thermodynamics”).

bor+

(physics) thermodynamics: the science of the conversions between heat and other forms of energy.


partikel

partikêl (canonical)
partikel-partikel (plural)

From Dutch partikel, from Middle Dutch partikele, from Latin particula (“small part, particle”), diminutive of pars (“part, piece”). Doublet of parsel and persil.

der

(physics) any of various physical objects making up the constituent parts of an atom; an elementary particle or subatomic particle.

(linguistics) a part of speech which cannot be inflected: an adverb, preposition, conjunction or interjection.


perusahaan

Affixed usaha + per- -an. Replaced Dutch bedrijf (“company, corporation”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

(business) Any business, whether incorporated or not, that manufactures or sells products (also known as goods), or provides services as a commercial venture.


gletser

glètsêr (canonical)
gletser-gletser (plural)

From Dutch gletsjer via the older form gletser.


debetor

(finance, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of debitur (“debitor, debtor”)


mutasi

Mutasi virus korona memberi petunjuk tentang penyebarannya.

The mutation of the coronavirus gives clues about its spreading.

(genetics, medicine) mutation: any heritable change of the base-pair sequence of genetic material.

Mutasi dan promosi jabatan merupakan hal biasa.

Job reposition and promotion are common.

(management, government) reposition about the post of employment.


luas

From Malay luas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luas (“outside; spacious”). Doublet of luwes.

inh

(mathematics) area: a measure of the extent of a surface; it is measured in square units.


injektor

any of various devices that are used to inject something, as:

(mechanical engineering) any of the one or more devices in a fuel injection system that create the spray of fuel.


rektum

Learned borrowing from New Latin rectum (“rectum”, literally “straight”).


hepar

From Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar, “liver”).


elektrokardiogram

élèktrokardiogram (canonical)
elektrokardiogram-elektrokardiogram (plural)

Internationalism, from Dutch elektrocardiogram. Analyzed as elektro- + kardio- + -gram.


steril

From Dutch steriel, from French stérile, from Middle French stérile, from Latin sterilis (“barren, futile”).

(biology, medicine) unable to reproduce.

(medicine) germless; free from all living or viable microorganisms.


angka

From Malay angka, from Sanskrit अङ्ग (aṅga).Semantic loan from Dutch cijfer (“statistic, figure; grade”, literally “digit, numeral”) for sense of rate.

sl

place; figure: a position in a sequence of numerals representing a place value in a positional number system.

a distinct symbol representing a natural number in a positional number system.


linier

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch lineair (“linear”), from French linéaire, from Latin līneāris.

(mathematics) of or relating to a class of polynomial of the form y=ax+b.


asai

Borrowed from English assay, from Middle English assay (noun) and assayen (verb), from Anglo-Norman assai (noun) and Anglo-Norman assaier (verb), from Old French essai. Doublet of esai.

(biochemistry) assay: the qualitative or quantitative chemical analysis of something.


defensi

défènsi (canonical)
defensi-defensi (plural)

From Dutch defensie, from Middle Dutch defensie, from Latin dēfensiō.

(psychology) an unconscious psychological operation that functions to protect a person from anxiety-producing thoughts and feelings related to internal conflicts and outer stressors


retorsi

(trading) retorsion: an act of retaliation taken by one nation against another as a reprisal.


adhesi

From Dutch adhesie, from French adhésion, from Latin stem of adhaesio, from past participle of ad- + haerere.

(pathology) an abnormal union of surface by the formation of new tissue resulting from an inflammatory process.

(chemistry, physics) the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another


emulsi

→ Malay: emulsi

Borrowed from Dutch emulsie (“emulsion”), from French émulsion, from New Latin ēmulsiō, ēmulsiōnis, based on Latin ēmulgeō (“I milk out, extract”).

bor+

(chemistry) a stable suspension of small droplets of one liquid in another with which it is immiscible.

(physical chemistry) a colloid in which both phases are liquid.


tegar

Inherited from Malay tegar, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₂guur, *t₂gar (“straight, upright”)

der

(systems engineering) designed or evolved in such a way as to be resistant to total failure despite partial damage.

software engineering
software engineering

(software engineering) resistant or impervious to failure regardless of user input or unexpected conditions.


remisi

From Dutch remissie, from French rémission, from Latin remissiō, remittō, re- + mittō.

A lessening of amount due, as in either money or work, or intensity of a thing.

(medicine) An abatement or lessening of the manifestations of a disease; a period where the symptoms of a disease are absent.


bibit

From Malay bibit, Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦶꦧꦶꦠ꧀ (bibit, “seed”), ꦮꦶꦮꦶꦠ꧀ (wiwit, “beginning”), from Old Javanese wwit, wwīt, wit (“origin, beginning; base, foundation; stem, tree”).

der

seedling
(botany) A young plant grown from seed.


astronomis

Borrowed from Dutch astronomisch (“astronomical”).


agoni

(dialect, Java, agriculture) weeding as preparation of rice planting.


pronomina

Borrowed from Dutch pronomina, plural form of pronomen, from Latin prōnōmen.

(grammar) pronoun: a type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.


absolutis

Affixed absolut + -is, borrowed from Dutch absolutistisch.

(politics, historical, political science) absolutist, absolutistic, absolute (pertaining to the absolute sovereignty of rulers)


absolutis

Affixed absolut + -is, borrowed from Dutch absolutist.

(politics, historical, political science) absolutist (adherent of the absolute sovereignty of rulers)


varian

From Dutch variant, from French variant or variante, from Latin variāns.

(Standard Malay)

(linguistics) one of a set of words or other linguistic forms that conveys the same meaning or serves the same function.


desibel

dèsibêl (canonical)
desibel-desibel (plural)

Affixed desi- + bel, from Dutch decibel, from English decibel.

(acoustics, linguistics) decibel: A common measure of sound intensity ratio that is one tenth of a bel on the logarithmic intensity scale. It is defined as dB = 10 log₁₀(P₁ / P₂), where P₁ and P₂ are the relative powers of the sound.


probabilitas

Learned borrowing from Latin probābilitās (“probability”).

lbor

(mathematics) a number, between 0 and 1, expressing the precise likelihood of an event happening.


kalkulus

(mathematics) any formal system in which symbolic expressions are manipulated according to fixed rules.

(mathematics) differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject; analysis.

(medicine) a stony concretion that forms in a bodily organ.

(dentistry) deposits of calcium phosphate salts on teeth.


kisi

(physics, crystalography) a regular spacing or arrangement of geometric points, often decorated with a motif.

(mathematics) graph that can be drawn within a repeating arrangement of points.


konus

Learned borrowing from Latin cōnus (“cone”), from Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos).

(geometry) cone: A surface of revolution formed by rotating a segment of a line around another line that intersects the first line; A solid of revolution formed by rotating a triangle around one of its altitudes.


fertilitas

Learned borrowing from Latin fertilitās.

(uncountable, medicine) the condition, or the degree, of being fertile.

(countable, demography) the birthrate of a population; the number of live births per 1000 people per year.

(countable, demography) the average number of births per woman within a population.


dekagram

Affixed deka- + gram, from Dutch decagram, from French décagramme.

(metrology) An SI unit of mass equal to 10¹ grams. Symbol: dag


pagu

(Standard Malay)

(finance) The maximum permitted level in a financial transaction.

(Standard Malay)

(architecture) The overhead interior surface that covers the upper limits of a room.