kerbau

kêrbau (canonical)
kerbau-kerbau (plural)

From Malay kerbau, from Proto-Malayic *kAr(ə)baw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?], ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *krpiʔ ~ *krpiiw ~ *krpuʔ ~ *(kr)puh (“buffalo”). Cognate with Khmer ក្របី (krɑɑbəy, “water buffalo”), Javanese ꦏꦼꦧꦺꦴ (kebo), Tagalog kalabaw.


bokser

boksêr (canonical)
bokser-bokser (plural)


badak

badak-badak (plural)
warak (alternative)

Inherited from Malay badak, from Javanese ꦧꦝꦏ꧀ (badhak) (compare Javanese ꦮꦫꦏ꧀ (warak, “rhinoceros”)), from Old Javanese warak (“rhinoceros”) (compare Old Javanese wadak (“wild buffalo”)), probably from Proto-Austroasiatic (compare to Proto-Bahnaric *-rok (“cow, ox”) and Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuk (“ox”))

(zoology) rhinoceros (herbivorous pachyderm with one or two horns)


Rabu

From Malay Rabu, from Classical Malay Rabu, from Arabic الأَرْبَعَاء (al-ʔarbaʕāʔ).

der

الأَرْبَعَاء

Arabic الأَرْبَعَاء (al-ʔarbaʕāʔ)

days of the week: hari-hari dalam sepekan: Ahad

Minggu · Senin · Selasa · Rabu · Kamis · Jumat · Sabtu [edit]


Senin

From Malay Isnin, Senin, Senayan,
from Classical Malay اثنين (Isnain), اثنين (Isnin), اثنين (Ithnain), اثنين (Ithnin), from Arabic الاِثْنَيْن (al-iṯnayn). Influenced by Betawi Senen.


Kamis

From Malay Khamis, Kamis, from Classical Malay خميس (Khamis, “Thursday”), خميس (Kamis), from Arabic الخَمِيس (al-ḵamīs). Standard spelling influenced by Betawi Kamis.


Jumat

From Malay Jumaat, Jumat, from Classical Malay جمعة (Jumaat, “Friday”), from Arabic اَلْجُمْعَةُ (al-jumʕatu).

der

اَلْجُمْعَةُ

Djoemat (alternative)
Djumat (alternative)


minyak

From Malay minyak, from Proto-Malayic *miñak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *məñak.

oil (petroleum-based liquid used as fuel or lubricant)


sendok

→ Laboya: sodeka

From Malay senduk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sinduk (“spoon, ladle”). Cognate to Sundanese séndok, sinduk (“ladle”).


obeng

Possibly from Hokkien, possibly 窩鋒／窝锋 (o-hong) or Javanese ubêng.


gergaji

/ɡərˈɡad͡ʒi/

From Malay gergaji, from Sanskrit क्रकच (krakaca, “saw”).

saw: a tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal.


kujang

Borrowed from Sundanese kujang, inherited from Old Sundanese kūjang.

A sword-like weapon of Sundanese people originates from the Sundanese region in West Java.


tukang daging

id-noun

tukang daging (plural tukang-tukang daging)

butcher (a person who prepares and sells meat)


labu

From Malay labu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *labuq₂ (“the bottle gourd: Lagenaria siceraria”); reconstructed by Robert Blust (compare Tboli labuk (“the bottle gourd: Lagenaria siceraria”), Central Dusun hobuʔ (“calabash, type of gourd”)); alternatively, from Sanskrit अलाबु (alābu). Note that the reconstruction by Blust explained the final plosive in Tboli and Dusun that a derivation from Sanskrit cannot explain.

cog

Labu Erlenmeyer


lampu

From Dutch lamp (“lamp”), from Middle Dutch lampe, from Old French lampe, from Latin lampas (“lamp; torch; lantern”), from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás, “torch; lamp”), from λάμπω (lámpō, “shine”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“glow”). Doublet of lampion.


paru-paru

From Malay paru-paru, equivalent to reduplication of paru.

(anatomy) lung (organ that extracts oxygen from the air)


bakpao

bakpao-bakpao (plural)
bakpau (alternative)
bapao (alternative)

→ Dutch: bapao

From Xiamen Hokkien 肉包 (bah-pao), from 肉 (bah, “meat, flesh; pork”) + 包 (pao, “baozi”).

baozi, a steamed stuffed bun with various fillings such as meat, bean paste, vegetables


pengacara

From peng- + acara (“court examination”).

a professional person with a graduate law degree that qualifies for legal work (such as Juris Doctor)


rantai

From Malay rantai, from Old Javanese rantay (“chain; rope; circular flower arrangement”).

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) a number of atoms in a series, which combine to form a molecule


pasien

pasièn (canonical)
pasien-pasien (plural)

From Dutch patiënt (compare Afrikaans pasiënt, Papiamentu pashènt), from Middle French patient, from Old French pacient, from Latin patiens, present participle of pati (“to suffer, endure”); akin to Greek πάσχειν (páskhein, “to suffer”); see pathos.

(healthcare, formal) patient, a person or animal who receives treatment from a doctor or other medically educated person.


enzim

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch enzym, from German Enzym, coined 1878 by the German physiologist Wilhelm Kühne from Ancient Greek ἐν (en, “in”) + ζύμη (zúmē, “sourdough”).

affix

(biochemistry) enzyme: a globular protein that catalyses a biological chemical reaction.


ABRI

angkatan (“force”) + bersenjata (“armed”) + republik (“republic”) + Indonesia

compound

Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia#Indonesian

(historical) Acronym of Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia (“Republic of Indonesia Armed Forces”).


es teh

Calque of Dutch ijsthee as es (“ice”) + teh (“tea”).

(chiefly Jakarta) unsweet, unsweetened, plain variant.

iced tea
unsweet, unsweetened, plain variant.


kentang

kêntang (canonical)
kentang-kentang (plural)

From Malay kentang, from Classical Malay kentang, from Javanese ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦛꦁ (kenthang, “tuber”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁aŋ (“joint, jointed stem”).
* Semantic loan from English potato (“underpowered; low-end”, literally “potato”) for "an underpowered, low-end computing device".

sl

(humorous, slang, computing) An underpowered computer or other device, especially when small in size.


kentang

Aku tidak bisa bermain karena ponselku kentang.

I can't play games because my phone is a potato.

(slang, computing, humorous, extension) underpowered, low-end.


operasi

opêrasi (canonical)
operasi-operasi (plural)

From Dutch operatie, from Latin operātiō, the verb of operor (“I work”), from opus, operis (“work”).

operation
(medicine) a surgical procedure.

operation
(military) a military campaign.


impuls

Borrowed from Dutch impuls, from Latin impulsus.

(mechanics) momentum (product of mass and velocity)


penghulu

pênghulu (canonical)
penghulu-penghulu (plural)

Affixed peng- + hulu, inherited from Malay penghulu.

(Islam) marriage officiant, imam, priest

chief, head, leader
marriage officiant, imam, priest

(Islam) head of Islamic religious affairs in the regency or municipality

(Islam) Islamic religious affairs counselor at the district court


tebusan

(law) A sum paid for discharge of the offender.


pendukung

Affixed peng- + dukung, inherited from Malay pendukung, from Classical Malay pendukung.

supporter (person who supports, an adherent)


tesaurus

Borrowed from Dutch thesaurus, from Latin thēsaurus, from Ancient Greek θησαυρός (thēsaurós, “storehouse, treasure”).

der

(information science) a hierarchy of subject headings: canonical titles of themes and topics, the titles serving as search keys.


wajan

From Sanskrit भाजन (bhājana). Doublet of bajan and bejana.

wok: A large, oriental, round-bottomed cooking pan.


mentega

mentega (canonical)
mêntèga (canonical)
mantèga (alternative)
mêrtèga (alternative)

From Malay mentega, from Portuguese manteiga, from Old Galician-Portuguese manteiga, of uncertain origin. Possibly from Iberian/Celtiberian.


replikon

(genetics) replicon: a DNA molecule or a region of DNA that replicates as an individual unit. A replicon may be, for instance, a chromosome, a plasmid or a phage.


lotre

Borrowed from Dutch loterij, from French loterie, from lot + -erie.

a scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance, especially a gaming scheme in which one or more tickets bearing particular numbers draw prizes, the other tickets are blanks.

(figuratively) something decided by chance.


kejahatan

kêjahatan (canonical)
kejahatan-kejahatan (plural)
kedjahatan (alternative)

Affixed jahat + ke- -an, inherited from Malay kejahatan, from Classical Malay kejahatan.
The sense of crime is a semantic loan from Dutch misdrijf.


patriarki

Internationalism, perhaps borrowed from English patriarchy, from Latin patriarchia, from Byzantine Greek πατριαρχία (patriarkhía), from Koine Greek πατριάρχης (patriárkhēs, “patriarch”), from πατρία (patría) and ἄρχω (árkhō). Doublet of patriarkat.

(anthropology, history) a social system in which the father is head of the household, having authority over women and children, and in which lineage is traced through the male line.


kelas

kêlas (canonical)
kelas-kelas (plural)
klas (alternative)

From Dutch klas (“classroom”) and klasse (“class”), from French classe, from Middle French classe, from Latin classis. Doublet of klasis. Not inherited from Malay kelas, which is from English class.
* Semantic loan from English class for all senses other than “classroom” and “grade”.

(sociology) a social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc.

(education) a group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year.

(taxonomy) a rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.

(set theory) a collection of sets definable by a shared property.

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming

(object-oriented programming) a set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set.

(education) short for ruang kelas (“classroom, a room, often in a school, where classes take place”).

ruang kelas

(education) grade, a level of primary and secondary education.


penyakit

penyakit-penyakit (plural)
penjakit (alternative)

Affixed peng- + sakit, from Malay penyakit (“illness”), from Classical Malay penyakit (“illness”).


jalur

From Malay jalur, from Classical Malay جالور (jalur).

(biochemistry) pathway: a sequence of biochemical compounds, and the reactions linking them, that describe a process in metabolism or catabolism.

(rail transport) the way or rails along which a train moves.

international relations
international relations

track:
(international relations) approach


hierarki

hierarki-hierarki (plural)
hirarki (alternative)

From Dutch hiërarchie, from Old French ierarchie, from Latin hierarchia, from Ancient Greek ἱεραρχία (hierarkhía, “rule of a high priest”).

body of authoritative officials organised by rank.

a social, religious, economic or political system or organization in which people or groups of people are ranked with some superior to others based on their status, authority or some other trait.

any group of objects ranked so that every one but the topmost is subordinate to a specified one above it.


topografi

Borrowed from Dutch topografie (“topography”), from Latin topographia, from Ancient Greek τοπογραφία (topographía), from τόπος (tópos, “place”) + γράφω (gráphō, “I write”).

bor+

(geography) a precise description of a place.

topography:
a precise description of a place.

(geography) a detailed graphic representation of the surface features of a place or object.

(geography) the surveying of the features.

topography:
the surveying of the features.


huma

Inherited from Malay huma, from Proto-Malayic *huma(ʔ) (“farmland”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma (“farm”), from Proto-Austronesian *qumah (“swidden”).


gadar

(medicine, healthcare) Acronym of gawat darurat.


imperialis

impèrialis (canonical)
imperialis-imperialis (plural)

From Dutch imperialist m, imperialiste f, from French impérialiste m or f.

(politics) imperialist: an advocate of imperialism.


jenis

From Malay jenis, from Arabic جِنْس (jins). Doublet of genus, gender, and genre.


jenuh

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) containing all the solute that can normally be dissolved at a given temperature.

(Standard Malay)

(chemistry) having all available valence bonds filled; especially of any organic compound containing only single bonds between carbon atoms.


lemak

Inherited from Malay lemak, from Proto-Malayic *ləmək, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləmək (“fertile, of soil”).
* The sense of tasty, delicious is a semantic loan from Minangkabau lamak, from the same Proto-Malayic term.

inh

grease
animal fat in a melted or soft state

grease
(by extension) any oily or fatty matter

(organic chemistry, proscribed) lipid: any of a group of organic compounds including the fats, oils, waxes, sterols, and triglycerides. Lipids are characterized by being insoluble in water, and account for most of the fat present in the human body.


cip

From English chip, from Middle English chip, chippe, from Old English ċipp (“chip; small piece of wood”), from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) (attested in forċippian (“to cut off”)).

der

(computing, engineering) chip, a circuit fabricated in one piece on a small, thin substrate.


citra

citra-citra (plural)
tjitra (alternative)

From Malay citra (“image”), from Sanskrit चित्र (citrá, “picture”).

mencitrakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

(management) people's perception towards a person, company, organization or product

(forestry) data or information from aerial photographs used as evaluation materials


komedi

komédi (canonical)
komedi-komedi (plural)

From Malay komedi borrowed from Dutch komedie, from Latin cōmoedia, from Ancient Greek κωμῳδία (kōmōidía). Doublet of komidi.

(drama) a dramatic work that is light and humorous or satirical in tone.

comedy:
(drama) the genre of such works.


rokade

rokadê (canonical)
rokade-rokade (plural)


taifun

From Sinitic
* 大風／大风 (“big wind”) (Cantonese daai⁶ fung¹, Hakka thai-fûng).
* 颱風／台风 (“typhoon”) (Cantonese toi⁴ fung¹, Hakka thòi-fûng).


betik

Anabas testudineus
Anabas testudineus#Translingual

(zoology) climbing perch (Anabas testudineus), of Asia.


FK

(education) Initialism of fakultas kedokteran.


utang

utang-utang (plural)
hutang (alternative)

From Malay utang, hutang, from Classical Malay utang, hutang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutaŋ.

(finance) money that one person or entity owes or is required to pay to another, generally as a result of a loan or other financial transaction.

(accounting) liabilities: the right side of a balance sheet.


inkubator

(agriculture) an apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for the hatching of eggs.

(medicine) an apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a newborn baby.

(microbiology) a place to maintain the culturing of bacteria at a steady temperature.

(business) a support programme for the development of entrepreneurial companies.


gigantisme

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch gigantisme, from French gigantisme.

(pathology) gigantism: A condition where there is over-production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland in a child before the bone growth plates close, resulting in excessive long bone growth, accompanied by muscular weakness and sexual impotence.


gelam

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">gelam</i>

(botany) weeping paperbark, long-leaved paperbark, or white paperbark (Melaleuca leucadendra).


belas

sebelas (“eleven”)

dua belas (“twelve”)

tiga belas (“thirteen”)

empat belas (“fourteen”)

lima belas (“fifteen”)

enam belas (“sixteen”)

tujuh belas (“seventeen”)

delapan belas (“eighteen”)

sembilan belas (“nineteen”)


korve

From Dutch corvee, from French corvée, from Late Latin conrogāta.


suar

From Sanskrit स्वर् (svar, “sun, light”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).


kroket

krokèt (canonical)
kroket-kroket (plural)

From Dutch kroket, from French croquette.

(cooking) a croquette filled with ragout.


brahmana

(Hinduism) a Brahmin, a man belonging to the 1st of the 3 twice-born classes and of the 4 original divisions of the Hindu body (generally a priest, but often in the present day a layman engaged in non-priestly occupations although the name is strictly only applicable to one who knows and repeats the veda).


transformator

From Dutch transformator (“transformer”).

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) transformer: a static device that transfers electric energy from one circuit to another by magnetic coupling. Their main use is to transfer energy between different voltage levels, which allows choosing most appropriate voltage for power generation, transmission and distribution separately.


wereldheer

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch wereldheer (“secular clergyman”).


termodinamika

termodinamika-termodinamika (plural)
termodinamik (alternative)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch thermodynamica (“thermodynamics”).

bor+

(physics) thermodynamics: the science of the conversions between heat and other forms of energy.


gelang

gêlang (canonical)
gelang-gelang (plural)


purgatorium

Learned borrowing from Latin pūrgātōrium (“purgatory”).


bloger

(colloquial, Internet) Synonym of narablog.


diaken

Borrowed from Dutch diaken, from Ecclesiastical Latin diāconus, from Ancient Greek διᾱ́κονος (diā́konos).

(Christianity, Protestantism) deacon (male with duties of helping the ministers (pastors, priests) and carrying out parish work)


senat

From Dutch senaat, from Old French senat, from Latin senātus (“council of elders; a senate”), from senex (“old”).

der

(government) the upper house or chamber in some bicameral legislative systems.


katastrofe

katastrofê (canonical)
katastrofi (alternative)

From Dutch catastrofe, from French catastrophe, from Latin catastropha, from Ancient Greek καταστροφή (katastrophḗ, “overturning”).

(literature) the dramatic event that initiates the resolution of the plot; the dénouement.


calvinisme

Borrowed from Dutch calvinisme, from French calvinisme or Middle French calvinisme.


partikel

partikêl (canonical)
partikel-partikel (plural)

From Dutch partikel, from Middle Dutch partikele, from Latin particula (“small part, particle”), diminutive of pars (“part, piece”). Doublet of parsel and persil.

(physics) any of various physical objects making up the constituent parts of an atom; an elementary particle or subatomic particle.

(linguistics) a part of speech which cannot be inflected: an adverb, preposition, conjunction or interjection.


sado

(transport) gig, chair, chaise: a two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage.

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


perusahaan

Affixed usaha + per- -an. Replaced Dutch bedrijf (“company, corporation”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

(law) corporation: an entity having legal personality, and thus able to own property and to sue and be sued in its own name.

(business) Any business, whether incorporated or not, that manufactures or sells products (also known as goods), or provides services as a commercial venture.


prêt-à-porter

Unadapted borrowing from French prêt-à-porter (“ready-to-wear”).


RPP

(education) Initialism of rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (“lesson plan”).

(education) Initialism of rencana pelaksanaan perkuliahan (“lesson plan”).


gletser

glètsêr (canonical)
gletser-gletser (plural)
glasier (alternative)

From Dutch gletsjer via the older form gletser.


Tuhan

From Malay Tuhan, from tuhan, from Proto-Malayic *tuhan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan. Doublet of tuan and tuhan.


debetor

(finance, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of debitur (“debitor, debtor”)


mutasi

Mutasi virus korona memberi petunjuk tentang penyebarannya.

The mutation of the coronavirus gives clues about its spreading.

(genetics, medicine) mutation: any heritable change of the base-pair sequence of genetic material.

Mutasi dan promosi jabatan merupakan hal biasa.

Job reposition and promotion are common.

(management, government) reposition about the post of employment.


luas

From Malay luas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luas (“outside; spacious”). Doublet of luwes.

inh

(mathematics) area: a measure of the extent of a surface; it is measured in square units.


injektor

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering

any of various devices that are used to inject something, as:

(mechanical engineering) any of the one or more devices in a fuel injection system that create the spray of fuel.


dorama

Borrowed from Japanese ドラマ, from English drama. Doublet of drama.


rektum

Learned borrowing from New Latin rectum (“rectum”, literally “straight”).


hepar

From Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar, “liver”).


terabit

information technology
information technology


elektrokardiogram

élèktrokardiogram (canonical)
elektrokardiogram-elektrokardiogram (plural)
EKG (alternative)

Internationalism, from Dutch elektrocardiogram. Analyzed as elektro- + kardio- + -gram.


ratus

From Malay ratus, from Proto-Malayic *ratus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀatus, from Proto-Austronesian *RaCus.


kesalahan

kêsalahan (canonical)
kesalahan-kesalahan (plural)

Affixed salah + ke- -an, from Malay kesalahan. Semantic loan from Dutch schuld for the law sense.


mantan

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">mantan</i>

→ Malay: منتن (mantan)

Borrowed from Besemah mantan, possibly from Old Javanese mantĕn. Coined by Indonesian linguist and cultural activist Ahmad Bastari Suan in 1984 as an alternative to the Dutch loanword eks, as well as the native form bekas, which had a pejorative connotation.

coinage

Apa kabar sekarang kamu, sang mantanku?

2020, Cella, Chua, Tantri (lyrics and music), “Mantanku [My Ex]”, in Identitas [Identity], performed by Kotak, Jakarta: Warner Music Indonesia, track 7:

(colloquial, informal) a former significant other


steril

From Dutch steriel, from French stérile, from Middle French stérile, from Latin sterilis (“barren, futile”).

(biology, medicine) unable to reproduce.

(medicine) germless; free from all living or viable microorganisms.


tanglung

From Malay tanglung, from Cantonese 燈籠 /灯笼 (dang¹ lung⁴).


diam

diam (root)
mendiam (active)
berdiam (active)
terdiam (active)
diam (active)
diamlah (active)
mendiami (active locative)
terdiami (locative)
didami (locative passive)
diami (locative)
diamilah (locative)
mendiamkan (active)
terdiamkan
didiamkan (passive)
diamkan
diamkanlah

From Malay diam, from Proto-Malayic *hidəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hidəm. Cognate Old Javanese ḍyam (“silent”).

to quiet: to become quiet
with little or no sound


martir

From Portuguese mártir, from Ecclesiastical Latin martyr, from Aeolic Ancient Greek μάρτυρ (mártur), from μάρτυς (mártus, “witness”).

(Christianity, Roman Catholicism, Protestantism) martyr, one who willingly accepts being put to death for adhering openly to one's religious beliefs.


angka

From Malay angka, from Sanskrit अङ्ग (aṅga). Semantic loan from Dutch cijfer (“statistic, figure; grade”, literally “digit, numeral”) for sense of rate.

sl

place; figure: a position in a sequence of numerals representing a place value in a positional number system.

a distinct symbol representing a natural number in a positional number system.

Coordinate term: huruf


eks

The name of the Latin-script letter X/x.


kepercayaan

kêpêrcayaan (canonical)
kepercayaan-kepercayaan (plural)
kepertjajaan (alternative)

Affixed percaya + ke- -an, from Malay kepercayaan, from Classical Malay kepercayaan (“trusted person”).

inh

(law) religion or faith outside the five official religions in Indonesia (Buddhism, Catholic, Confucianism, Islam and Protestant) in general, specifically Indonesian folk religions.


linier

linièr (canonical)
linèar (alternative)
linéar (alternative)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch lineair (“linear”), from French linéaire, from Latin līneāris.

(mathematics) of or relating to a class of polynomial of the form y=ax+b.


asai

Borrowed from English assay, from Middle English assay (noun) and assayen (verb), from Anglo-Norman assai (noun) and Anglo-Norman assaier (verb), from Old French essai. Doublet of esai.

(biochemistry) assay: the qualitative or quantitative chemical analysis of something.


defensi

défènsi (canonical)
defensi-defensi (plural)

From Dutch defensie, from Middle Dutch defensie, from Latin dēfensiō.

(military) the action of defending, of protecting from attack, danger or injury.

(psychology) defense mechanism, defence mechanism: an unconscious psychological operation that functions to protect a person from anxiety-producing thoughts and feelings related to internal conflicts and outer stressors


formatur

formatur-formatur (plural)
formatir (alternative)

From Dutch formateur, from French formateur, from Latin formator.

(politics) formateur, chief political negotiator for formal talks that are intended to lead to the formation of a cabinet.


hartal

From Malay hartal, from Classical Malay هرتل (hartal), from Sanskrit हरिताल (haritāla, “yellow orpiment”) likely through Hindi.

der

hartal:

(in extension) ochre: a somewhat dark yellowish orange colour.


visitator

From Dutch visitator, from Latin vīsitātor (“visitor”).

(Catholicism) visitator, apostolic visitor.


qanun

nonstandard Indonesian (alternative)
Standard Malay (alternative)

From Arabic قَانُون (qānūn), ultimately from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn). Doublet of kanon and kanun.

(Islam) laws established by Muslim sovereigns, in particular the body of administrative, economic and criminal law, especially promulgated by Ottoman sultans, in contrast to sharia, the body of law elaborated by Muslim jurists.

(law) laws established by Aceh autonomous provincial government and the regencies or cities government under it as local law which govern the both governments and society in Aceh.


qanun

(music) qanun, a musical instrument similar to a zither.


votum

* Learned borrowing from Latin vōtum (“promise, dedication, vow, solemn pledge; determination, will, desire; prayer, devotion”).
* Semantic loan from English vote (“formalized choice”).

sl

(Protestantism) a public declaration of dependence on God that takes place at the beginning of a service in reformed worship.


retorsi

(trading) retorsion: an act of retaliation taken by one nation against another as a reprisal.


adhesi

From Dutch adhesie, from French adhésion, from Latin stem of adhaesio, from past participle of ad- + haerere.

(pathology) an abnormal union of surface by the formation of new tissue resulting from an inflammatory process.

(chemistry, physics) the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another


emulsi

→ Malay: emulsi

Borrowed from Dutch emulsie (“emulsion”), from French émulsion, from New Latin ēmulsiō, ēmulsiōnis, based on Latin ēmulgeō (“I milk out, extract”).

bor+

(chemistry) a stable suspension of small droplets of one liquid in another with which it is immiscible.

(physical chemistry) a colloid in which both phases are liquid.


abdas

From Malay abdas, from Classical Malay ابدس (abdas), from Classical Persian آبدست (ābdast) of آب (āb, “water”) + دست (dast, “hand”). Cognate of Javanese ꦲꦧ꧀ꦢꦱ꧀ (abdas), Sundanese abdas.


emat

From Dutch mat (“check”), from Middle Dutch mat (“checkmate”), borrowed from Old French mat, borrowed from Persian شاه مات (šâh mât, “the king is dead”). Doublet of sekakmat.

der

(chess) Word called out when an opponent's king or queen is threatened with voidable capture; mate.


petis

From Javanese ꦥꦼꦠꦶꦱ꧀ (petis), probably form Old Javanese pa- + tis, tes (“drop”). Cognate of Tagalog patis.


tegar

Inherited from Malay tegar, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₂guur, *t₂gar (“straight, upright”)

(systems engineering) designed or evolved in such a way as to be resistant to total failure despite partial damage.

software engineering
software engineering

(software engineering) resistant or impervious to failure regardless of user input or unexpected conditions.


apam

Inherited from Malay apam, from Tamil ஆப்பம் (āppam).

(cooking) appam: a thin South Asian pancake made from rice flour and coconut.


remisi

From Dutch remissie, from French rémission, from Latin remissiō, remittō, re- + mittō.

A lessening of amount due, as in either money or work, or intensity of a thing.

(law) A reduction or cancellation of the penalty for a criminal offence; in particular, the reduction of a prison sentence as a recognition of the prisoner's good behaviour.

(medicine) An abatement or lessening of the manifestations of a disease; a period where the symptoms of a disease are absent.


bibit

From Malay bibit, Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦶꦧꦶꦠ꧀ (bibit, “seed”), ꦮꦶꦮꦶꦠ꧀ (wiwit, “beginning”), from Old Javanese wwit, wwīt, wit (“origin, beginning; base, foundation; stem, tree”).

der

seedling
(botany) A young plant grown from seed.

(Internet, file sharing) seeder, a person connected to a peer-to-peer network who has a complete or partial copy of a given file and makes it available for downloading.


karet

(sports) rubber in the table tennis racket (paddle or bat).


partitur

From Dutch partituur, from German Partitur, from Italian partitura (“partition, musical score”), from Medieval Latin partitūra, from partiō, partior (“to divide, to partition, to share”) + -ūra.

(music) full score, conductor's score, partitur.


astronomis

Borrowed from Dutch astronomisch (“astronomical”).


solis

Borrowed from Dutch solist (“soloist”), from French soliste or German Solist, from Italian solista.


agoni

(dialect, Java, agriculture) weeding as preparation of rice planting.


pronomina

Borrowed from Dutch pronomina, plural form of pronomen, from Latin prōnōmen.

(grammar) pronoun: a type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.


novis

Borrowed from Dutch novice, from French novice, from Old French novice, from Late Latin novīcius, novīcia (“one who has newly entered a monastery or a convent”), from Latin novīcius, novītius (“new, newly arrived”), from novus (“new”).


praktikan

(education) student who takes practicum or practical.

(education) student who takes clinical education or field training.


ordinarium

Learned borrowing from Latin ōrdinārium, ōrdinārius (“ordinary”).

a part of the Christian liturgy that is reasonably constant without regard to the date on which the service is performed.

a rule, or book of rules, prescribing the order of a liturgy, especially of Mass.


absolutis

Affixed absolut + -is, borrowed from Dutch absolutistisch.

(politics, historical, political science) absolutist, absolutistic, absolute (pertaining to the absolute sovereignty of rulers)

(philosophy) absolutist, absolute (pertaining to metaphysical absolutes)


absolutis

Affixed absolut + -is, borrowed from Dutch absolutist.

(politics, historical, political science) absolutist (adherent of the absolute sovereignty of rulers)

(philosophy) absolutist (one believing in metaphysical absolutes)


varian

From Dutch variant, from French variant or variante, from Latin variāns.

(Standard Malay)

(linguistics) one of a set of words or other linguistic forms that conveys the same meaning or serves the same function.

(genetics) a different sequence of a gene (locus).

variant:
a different sequence of a gene (locus).


Aprilia

Affrilia (alternative)
Aprillia (alternative)
Aprilya (alternative)
Apriliya (alternative)

Apriliannita "Aprilia" Putri, b. 1992

a female given name transferred from the month name


desibel

dèsibêl (canonical)
desibel-desibel (plural)

Affixed desi- + bel, from Dutch decibel, from English decibel.

(acoustics, linguistics) decibel: A common measure of sound intensity ratio that is one tenth of a bel on the logarithmic intensity scale. It is defined as dB = 10 log₁₀(P₁ / P₂), where P₁ and P₂ are the relative powers of the sound.


apem

From Javanese ꦲꦥꦼꦩ꧀ (apem, “appam”), from Tamil ஆப்பம் (āppam, “appam”).

(cooking) alternative spelling of apam (“appam”).


hosti

From Dutch hostie (“host”), from Latin hostia (“sacrifice, offering”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰostiyo-, from *ǵʰes- (“hand”).

(Catholicism) host, consecrated bread or wafer.


resor

* From Dutch ressort (“(judicial) district”), from French ressort (“law jurisdiction”).
* Sense of recreation place is a semantic loan from English resort.

(law enforcement) an second-level police jurisdiction division in Indonesia at kabupaten or kota.


probabilitas

probabilitas-probabilitas (plural)
probabiliti (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin probābilitās (“probability”).

lbor

(mathematics) a number, between 0 and 1, expressing the precise likelihood of an event happening.


promovendus

From Dutch promovendus (“doctoral student, doctoral candidate”), from Latin prōmovendus (“which is to be propelled, advanced”).

der

(education) doctoral student, doctoral candidate.


kalkulus

(mathematics) any formal system in which symbolic expressions are manipulated according to fixed rules.

(mathematics) differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject; analysis.

(medicine) a stony concretion that forms in a bodily organ.

(dentistry) deposits of calcium phosphate salts on teeth.


kisi

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kisi</i>

(physics, crystallography) a regular spacing or arrangement of geometric points, often decorated with a motif.

(mathematics, algebra, statistics) In any of several technical senses, a substructure with properties analogous to those the set of points with integer coordinates bears in relation to the full Euclidian space these points are contained in.

(mathematics) graph that can be drawn within a repeating arrangement of points.


balak

balak-balak (plural)
balak (alternative)
balok (alternative)

From Malay balak, from Dutch balk. Doublet of balok.

(dominoes) double tiles, doublet tiles: a tile that has the same pips-value on each end.


balak

badan pelaksana
badan pelaksana#Indonesian

(military) acronym of badan pelaksana (“executive body”).


bariton

From Dutch bariton, from Italian baritono, from Ancient Greek βαρύτονος (barútonos), from βαρύς (barús, “heavy”) + τόνος (tónos, “tone”).

(music) baritone:
the male voice between tenor and bass.

the musical range between tenor and bass.

a person, instrument, or group that performs in the range between tenor and bass.


konus

Learned borrowing from Latin cōnus (“cone”), from Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos).

lbor

(geometry) cone: A surface of revolution formed by rotating a segment of a line around another line that intersects the first line; A solid of revolution formed by rotating a triangle around one of its altitudes.


fertilitas

Learned borrowing from Latin fertilitās.

(uncountable, medicine) the condition, or the degree, of being fertile.

(countable, demography) the birthrate of a population; the number of live births per 1000 people per year.

(countable, demography) the average number of births per woman within a population.


dekagram

Affixed deka- + gram, from Dutch decagram, from French décagramme.

(metrology) An SI unit of mass equal to 10¹ grams. Symbol: dag


pagu

(Standard Malay)

(finance) The maximum permitted level in a financial transaction.

(Standard Malay)

(architecture) The overhead interior surface that covers the upper limits of a room.


dewan

dèwan (canonical)
dewan-dewan (plural)
divan (alternative)

From Malay dewan, from Classical Persian دیوَان (dēwān), from Middle Persian d(p)ywʾn' (dēwān, “archive, collected writings”). Compare to Hindi दीवान (dīvān), Ottoman Turkish دیوان (dîvân), Dutch douane. Doublet of dipan and duane.

der

(politics) chamber: the legislature or division of the legislature itself.


pekon

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian. Doublet of pekan. Cognate of Malay pekan (“town; market; week”).

(government) fourth level administrative division in Pringsewu, Tanggamus, West Lampung, and West Pesisir


evangeli

èvangéli (canonical)
evangeli-evangeli (plural)

From Dutch evangelie, from Middle Dutch ewangelie, from Latin evangelium, from Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, “good news, message”). Doublet of Injil.

(Christianity) gospel,
first section of New Testament.

account of the life, death, and teachings of Jesus.


enten

From Dutch enten, from Middle Dutch ente, from enten (“to graft”) (modern Dutch enten), from Old French enter, from Latin imputāre.

(biology, botany) graft, a detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting; a shoot or twig in a general sense.

(biology, botany) grafting, the act, art, or process of inserting grafts.


kamper

Borrowed from Dutch kamfer, from German Kampfer, from French camphre, from Medieval Latin camphora, ultimately derived from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ (“lime; calcium”). Doublet of kapur.

der+

(organic chemistry) camphor (a white transparent waxy crystalline isoprenoid ketone with a strong pungent odour, used in pharmacy)


skalar

(mathematics) scalar; a quantity that has a magnitude but not a direction


predikat

predikat (canonical)
prédikat (canonical)

From Dutch predicaat, from Middle French predicat (French prédicat), from post-classical Late Latin praedicātum (“thing said of a subject”), a noun use of the neuter past participle of praedicō (“I proclaim”).

der

Kalimat sekurangnya terdiri atas subyek dan predikat.

A sentence shall at least consist of a subject and a predicate.

(grammar) predicate (the part of the sentence (or clause) which states something about the subject or the object of the sentence)


mobilitas

(military) the ability of a military unit to move or be transported to a new position.

(chiefly physics) the degree to which particles of a liquid or gas are in movement.

(anthropology, sociology) people's ability to move between different social levels or professional occupations.


martil

Borrowed from Portuguese martelo, from Old Galician-Portuguese martelo, from Late Latin martellus, itself a diminutive of martulus, variant of Latin marculus, or alternatively based on malleus. Compare Catalan martell, Italian martello and Spanish martillo.


oportunis

Borrowed from Dutch opportunist (“opportunist”), from French opportuniste


provisi

From Dutch provisie, from French provision, from Latin prōvīsiō (“preparation, foresight”), from prōvidēre (“provide”).

der

provisi makelar
provisi makelar#Indonesian

(trading) short for provisi makelar (“commission”): a fee charged by an agent or broker for carrying out a transaction.


suspensi

suspènsi (canonical)
suspensi-suspensi (plural)

From Dutch suspensie, from French suspension, from Latin suspensiō, suspensiōnem.

(chemistry, physics) the state of a solid or substance produced when its particles are mixed with, but not dissolved in, a fluid, and are capable of separation by straining.

(engineering) the system of springs and shock absorbers connected to the wheels in an automobile, which allows the vehicle to move smoothly with reduced shock to its occupants.


empati

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch empathie, from Ancient Greek ἐμπάθεια (empátheia, literally “passion”).

Identification with or understanding of the thoughts, feelings, or emotional state of another person.

Capacity to understand another person's point of view or the result of such understanding.


provos

From English provost, from Middle English, from late Old English profost, from Late Latin prōpositus, variant of Latin praepositus (“[one] placed in command”).

(military) provost: an officer of the military police, particularly provost marshal or provost sergeant.


seminaris

Affixed seminari + -is, from Dutch seminarist.

(Catholicism) seminarian, seminarist: a student training to be a priest at a Roman Catholic seminary.


oditur

From Dutch auditeur (“magistrate”), from French auditeur, from Latin audītor (“hearer, auditor”). Doublet of auditor.


SPG

sekolah pendidikan guru
sekolah pendidikan guru#Indonesian

(education, historical) Initialism of sekolah pendidikan guru (literally “teacher education school”).


kolonialisme

Affixed kolonial + -isme, borrowed from Dutch kolonialisme.

(government, history, politics) colonialism.


sebelas

From Malay sebelas.
Equivalent to se- + belas.


metode

From Dutch methode, from French méthode, from Middle French method, from Latin methodus, from Ancient Greek μέθοδος (méthodos, “pursuit of knowledge, investigation, mode of prosecuting such inquiry, system”), from μετά (metá, “after”) + ὁδός (hodós, “way, motion, journey”). Cognate of Afrikaans metode.


botulisme

From Dutch botulisme, from French botulisme, from German Botulismus, a compound of Latin botulus (“sausage”) and the suffix -ismus.


halaman

From Malay halaman, from Proto-Malayic *halaman.


herediter

Borrowed from Dutch hereditair (“hereditary”), from French héréditaire (“hereditary”), from Latin hereditārius.

bor+

(genetics) of a disease or trait: passed from a parent to offspring in the genes


statuta

Learned borrowing from Latin statūta, inflection of statūtus (“established, erected”). Semantic loan from Dutch statuten (“articles of association”), plural of statuut.

sl

memorandum of association
memorandum of association#English

(business, law) memorandum of association.


steker

steker (canonical)
stékêr (canonical)
seteker (alternative)

(electricity) plug, a pronged connecting device which fits into a mating socket.


DPO

daftar pencarian orang
daftar pencarian orang#Indonesian

(law enforcement) Initialism of daftar pencarian orang (“wanted list”).


eror

From English error, from Middle English errour, from Old French error, from Latin error (“wandering about”).


rakor

(management) Acronym of rapat koordinasi (“coordination meeting”).


demokratis

(politics) democratic: Pertaining to democracy; favoring democracy, or constructed upon the principle of government by the people.


materialisme

From Dutch materialisme, perhaps from French matérialisme. Equivalent to material + -isme.


pelat

From Dutch plaat, from Middle Dutch plate, from Old French plate, from Medieval Latin plata, from Vulgar Latin *platta, *plattus.

(Standard Malay)

(architecture) a structural element, made of concrete, that is used to create flat horizontal surfaces


autokratis

Borrowed from Dutch autocratisch (“autocratic”)


fasade

From Dutch façade, from French façade, from Italian facciata, a derivation of faccia (“front”), from Latin facies (“face”). Doublet of fasad.

(architecture, colloquial) Synonym of fasad (“facade”).


latar

From Malay latar, from Javanese latar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dataʀ (“flat”), ultimately Proto-Austronesian *dataR (“flat, flat or level land”). Doublet of datar and rata.

der

(literature) the time, place and circumstance in which something (such as a story or picture) is set.

(drama) the mounting of a play, etc., for the stage.


prelat

prelat-prelat (plural)
prelatus (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch prelaat (“prelate”), from Medieval Latin praelātus.

(Catholicism) prelate: A clergyman of high rank and authority, having jurisdiction over an area or a group of people; normally a bishop.


drif

From English drift, from Middle English drift, dryft (“act of driving, drove, shower of rain or snow, impulse”), from Old English *drift (“drift”), from Proto-Germanic *driftiz (“drift”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”).

(mining, engineering) drift: a passage driven or cut between shaft and shaft; a driftway; a small subterranean gallery; an adit or tunnel.


tentamen

tèntamèn (canonical)
tentamen-tentamen (plural)

From Dutch tentamen (“examination”), from Latin tentāmen (“attempt”).

Salah satu stresor pada mahasiswa adalah tentamen anatomi.

One of student stressors is anatomy [practical] examination.


imamat

Inherited from Malay امامة (imamat), from Arabic إِمَامَة (ʔimāma, “leadership”). Doublet of imamah.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">imamat</i>

(Christianity, Catholicism) priesthood: authority to act in the name of God or the divine in general.


logistik

From Dutch logistiek, from French logistique.

(military) the procurement, supply, maintenance, and transportation of equipment, facilities, and personnel.


hukum

hukum-hukum (plural)
hoekoem (alternative)

Inherited from Malay hukum, from Classical Malay hukum, from Arabic حُكْم (ḥukm).

(law) a binding regulation or custom established by its legislative and judicial authorities in a community.

(sciences) a statement (in physics, etc) of an (observed, established) order or sequence or relationship of phenomena which is invariable under certain conditions.


entomolog

From Dutch entomoloog, earlier entomologie, from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (éntomon, “insect”) + -loog.


komunisme

Affixed komunis + -isme, from Dutch kommunisme (current spelling communisme), from French communisme or German Kommunismus.


aneksi

(linguistics) nonidiomatic combination of basic morphemes


komponis

From Dutch componist, from German Komponist. Compare to Afrikaans komponis.


markas

From Malay markas, from Arabic مَرْكَز (markaz).

(military, law enforcement) base, headquarter.


geograf

(geography) geographer, student of or specialist in geography.


Agustina

a female given name from Spanish [in turn transferred from the month name]


pertusis

Learned borrowing from New Latin per- (“thorough”) + tussis (“cough”).

(pathology) whooping cough, 100-day cough, pertussis.


baptis

From Portuguese baptismo, from Old Galician-Portuguese batismo, bautismo, baptismo, borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin baptismus, baptismum from Ancient Greek βαπτισμός (baptismós), from βαπτίζω (baptízō, “I immerse, plunge”). Compare to Turkish vaftiz.

(Christianity, Catholicism, Protestantism) baptism.


seratus

se- + ratus, from Malay seratus, from Proto-Malayic *sA-ratus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa-ʀatus, from Proto-Austronesian *sa-ʀaCus.

Ikan gurami ikan gabus, ikan arwana makannya tikus. Biar silaturahmi tidak terputus, pinjam dulu seratus.

Gouramies and snakeheads, arwanas eat mice. To keep our relations steady, please lend me a hundred.


densitas

dènsitas (canonical)
densitas-densitas (plural)

(Standard Malay)

(physics) a measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume.


mekanika

mèkanika (canonical)
mékanik (alternative)

From Dutch mechanica, from Latin mēchanica.

(mechanics) the branch of physics that deals with the action of forces on material objects with mass.


swike

From Zhangzhou Hokkien 水雞／水鸡 (súi-ke, “frog”, literally “water; river + fowl; chicken”).


biku

From Malay biku from Pali bhikkhu (“beggar, Buddhist monk”), from Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣú, “mendicant”).


protektorat

(government, history, politics) protectorate (a protected autonomous state)


elektromagnet

Borrowed from Dutch elektromagneet (“electromagnet”).


krim

From English cream, from French crème (modern French chrême), from Old French cresme, from Late Latin crama, Transalpine Gaulish word influenced by Latin chrisma, from Ancient Greek χρῖσμα (khrîsma, “anointing, unction; wall coating, plaster”). Doublet of krèm.

der

(dermatology, pharmacology) a viscous aqueous oil/fat emulsion with a medicament added, used to apply that medicament to the skin. (compare with ointment)


ampu

Inherited from Malay ampu (“to support”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əmpu. Doublet of empu.

inh+

(law) to legally responsible for a minor (in loco parentis) or an incompetent person


konkordat

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin concordātum.

lbor

(Catholicism) concordat: A formal agreement between two parties, especially between a church and a state; specifically, an agreement between the Pope and a government.


LSL

(epidemiology) Initialism of lelaki seks dengan lelaki; (men who have sex with men)


tensi

From Dutch tensie (“pressure”), from French tension (“pressure”), from Middle French tension, from Latin tensiō, tensiōnem.


pastur

(Catholicism) Alternative spelling of pastor (“parish priest”)


saraf

saraf-saraf (plural)
sarap (alternative)
syaraf (alternative)

From Arabic عَصَب (ʕaṣab, “nerve”) or شَرَف (šaraf, “elevated place; eminence, dignity; honour”).
* The sense in medicine was coined by Komisi Istilah to translate English nerve and Dutch nerf.


saraf

From Malay saraf, from Arabic صَرْف (ṣarf).


aesi

(zoology) gracile lizardfish (Saurida gracilis).


wali

From Malay wali, from Arabic وَلِيّ (waliyy).

(law, Indonesia) A person or institution legally responsible for a minor (in loco parentis).


sabo

Borrowed from Japanese 砂防(さぼう) (sabō, “erosion control”).


jurnal

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch journaal, from French journal, from Old French journal (“daily”), from Latin diurnālis, from diurnus (“of the day”), from diēs (“day”).

(accounting, trading) A chronological record of payments.

journal,
A chronological record of payments.

(computing) log: A chronological record of changes made.


krep

From Dutch crêpe, from French crêpe, from Latin crispus.

A soft thin light fabric with a crinkled surface.

A flat round pancake-like pastry from Lower Brittany, made with wheat.


HAM

hak asasi manusia
hak asasi manusia#Indonesian

(law) acronym of hak asasi manusia (“human right”).


demokratik

From English democratic, from Old French democratique, from Ancient Greek δημοκρατικός (dēmokratikós, “of or for democracy", "favoring or suited for democracy”).

der

δημοκρατικός

Republik Demokratik Timor Leste

(politics) democratic: Pertaining to democracy; favoring democracy, or constructed upon the principle of government by the people.


Tionghoa

Borrowed from Chinese Hokkien 中華／中华 (Tiong-hôa).

Tionghua (alternative)
Tionghwa (alternative)

any of several Sinitic languages or dialects spoken in China, especially Literary Chinese, Mandarin, Cantonese, Wu or Min Nan.

the logographic writing system shared by this language family.

all people of Chinese origin or self-identity.


Tionghoa

related to China or her people or her language


Tiongkok

Chinese (of, from, or related to the People's Republic of China)


TPS

tempat pemungutan suara
tempat pemungutan suara#Indonesian

(government, politics) Initialism of tempat pemungutan suara.

tes potensi skolastik
tes potensi skolastik#Indonesian

(psychology) Initialism of tes potensi skolastik.


Yosua

Borrowed from Dutch Jozua, from Latin Iosue, from Ancient Greek Ιωσούας (Iōsoúas), from Biblical Hebrew יְהוֹשֻׁעַ.

(Christianity, Judaism) Joshua (Biblical character)

(Christianity, Judaism) Joshua (book of the Bible)


melati

Inherited from Malay melati, from
Classical Malay melati, from Sanskrit मालती (mālatī, “jasmine”).

(law enforcement, military) the epaulette of a middle-rank officer in the Indonesian National Armed Forces and Indonesian National Police


Aram

Yakub melarikan diri ke tanah Aram, dan Israel memperhambakan diri untuk mendapat isteri, ya, untuk mendapat isteri ia menjadi gembala.

1985, Alkitab Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari (BIS), Kitab Hosea 12:12:

Jacob fled to the land of Aram, and Israel worked for a wife, and for a wife he kept sheep.

Aram (historical region corresponding to present-day Syria and northern Israel)


Isa

From Malay Isa, from Classical Malay Isa, from Arabic عِيسَى (ʕīsā).

Arabic عِيسَى (ʕīsā)

(Islam) Jesus (Isa), son of Mary, revered as a major prophet in Islam.


patena

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin patēna, from Classical Latin patina.

lbor

(Catholicism) paten: The plate used to hold the host during the Eucharist.


waham

* From Arabic وَهْم (wahm, “imagination, fancy”).
* Semantic loan from Dutch waan (“delusion”).


hipotek

hipotèk (canonical)
hipotek-hipotek (plural)

From Dutch hypotheek, from Latin hypothēca (“pledge, mortgage”), from Ancient Greek ὑποθήκη (hupothḗkē, “warning, pledge”).


jendela

From Malay jendela, from Portuguese janela, from Vulgar Latin *januella, diminutive of Latin jānua, alternative spelling of iānua (“door, double-doored entrance”), from Iānus (“Janus, Roman god of gates and doorways”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”).

(computing) a rectangular area on a computer terminal or screen containing some kind of user interface, displaying the output of and allowing input for one of a number of simultaneously running computer processes.


aksen

Borrowed from Dutch accent, from Middle Dutch accent, ultimately from Latin accentus.

(linguistics) a higher-pitched or stronger articulation of a particular syllable of a word or phrase in order to distinguish it from the others or to emphasize it.

(linguistics) the distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect.

(orthography) a mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked.


Yunus

From Arabic يُونُس (yūnus), from Ancient Greek Ἰωνᾶς (Iōnâs), from Hebrew יונה (yônā).

(Islam, Christianity, Judaism) a prophet described in the scriptures of Abrahamic religions as having been swallowed by a large fish.

(Christianity, Judaism, biblical) A book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh.

(Islam) The 10th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.

Jonah
The 10th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.


ilah

From Malay ilah, from Arabic إِلٰه (ʔilāh, “god”), from Proto-Semitic *ʾil-.


accent circonflexe

id-noun

accent circonflexe (plural accent-accent circonflexe)

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch accent circonflexe (“circumflex”) or French accent circonflexe (“circumflex”), from Latin accentus circumflexus.


priapisme

From Ancient Greek πριαπισμός (priapismós).

Priapisme adalah kondisi medis yang menyakitkan dan berpotensi bahaya karena penis berereksi dan tidak dapat kembali kepada keadaannya yang semula dalam waktu di bawah empat jam, walaupun rangsangan fisik atau psikologis sudah diberikan.


Tobit

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τωβίτ (Tōbít), from Hebrew טוֹבִי (tovi, literally “my good”).


THT

(medicine) Initialism of telinga, hidung, dan tenggorok (“ENT; ear, nose and throat”).


hibrida

(biology) offspring resulting from cross-breeding different entities, e.g. two different species or two purebred parent strains.

(linguistics) a word whose elements are derived from different languages.


majalah

majalah-majalah (plural)
madjallah (alternative)

From Malay majalah, from Arabic مَجَلَّة (majalla).


internuntius

intêrnuntius (canonical)
internuntius-internuntius (plural)

Affixed inter- + *nuntius, from Dutch internuntius, from Latin internuntius.


baur

bintara urusan
bintara urusan#Indonesian

(military) Acronym of bintara urusan (“administrative non-commissioned officer”).


pasif

→ Malay: pasif

Borrowed from Dutch passief (“passive”), from Latin passivus (“serving to express the suffering of an action”).


krisma

From Late Latin crisma, from Ecclesiastical Latin chrisma, from Ancient Greek χρῖσμα (khrîsma, “anointing”, “unction”), from χρίω (khríō, “anoint”).

(Catholicism) chrism: a mixture of oil and balm, consecrated for use as an anointing fluid in certain Christian ceremonies, especially confirmation.

sakramen krisma
sakramen krisma#Indonesian

(Catholicism) ellipsis of sakramen krisma (“confirmation”): a ceremony of sealing and conscious acknowledgement of the faith in many Christian churches, typically around the ages of 14 to 18.


apoteosis

Borrowed from Latin apotheōsis, from Ancient Greek ἀποθέωσις (apothéōsis).


pinset

From Dutch pincet, from Middle French pincette (“tweezers; poker”).


sma

satuan massa atom
satuan massa atom#Indonesian

(chemistry) Abbreviation of satuan massa atom (“atomic mass unit”).


istisna

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِثْنَاء (istiṯnāʔ, “exception”).

bor+

اِسْتِثْنَاء


SKP

sasaran kerja pegawai
sasaran kerja pegawai#Indonesian

(management) Initialism of sasaran kerja pegawai.

satuan kredit profesi
satuan kredit profesi#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of satuan kredit profesi.


endogen

(medicine) endogen: any substance from inside the body


Agustus

From Dutch augustus, from Latin Augustus.


DPT

(politics) Initialism of daftar pemilih tetap (“electoral register, electoral roll”).

(healthcare) Initialism of difteria, pertusis, tetanus (“diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus”).


elipsis

Learned borrowing from Latin ellipsis, from Ancient Greek ἔλλειψις (élleipsis, “omission”).

der

(typography) a mark consisting of (in English) three periods, historically or more formally with spaces in between, before, and after them, " . . . ", or, more recently, a single character, "…", used to indicate that words have been omitted in a text or that they are missing or illegible, or (in mathematics) that a pattern continues (e.g., 1, ..., 4 means 1, 2, 3, 4).

(grammar) The omission of a word or phrase that can be inferred from the context.


gaya

From Malay gaya, probably from Sanskrit गय (gaya, “acquired or conquered properties”) or वयस् (vayas, “power”).
* Semantic loan from Dutch kracht (“force”) for physics sense.

sl

(physics) force: a physical quantity that denotes ability to push, pull, twist or accelerate a body and which has a direction and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance/time² (ML/T²): SI: newton (N); CGS: dyne (dyn).


gaya

From Malay gaya, probably from Sanskrit गय (gaya, “acquired or conquered properties”).


interaksi dasar

id-noun

interaksi dasar (plural interaksi-interaksi dasar)

fundamental interaction
fundamental interaction


gravitasi

gravitasi-gravitasi (plural)
grafitasi (alternative)
graviti (alternative)
kegravitian (alternative)

From Dutch gravitatie, from New Latin gravitātiō.

(classical mechanics) The force at the Earth's surface, of the attraction by the Earth's masses, and the centrifugal pseudo-force caused by the Earth's rotation, resulting from gravitation.

(classical mechanics) gravitation: The fundamental force of attraction that exists between all particles with mass in the universe. It is the weakest of the four forces, and possesses a gauge boson known as the graviton.


gaya nuklir lemah

gaya nuklir lemah (plural gaya-gaya nuklir lemah)


gaya nuklir kuat

gaya nuklir kuat (plural gaya-gaya nuklir kuat)

strong nuclear force
strong nuclear force


gaya elektromagnetik

gaya elektromagnetik (plural gaya-gaya elektromagnetik)

electromagnetic force
electromagnetic force


ovarium

ovarium-ovarium (plural)
اوۏاري (alternative)

(anatomy) ovary: A female reproductive organ, often paired, that produces ova and in mammals secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.


soal

From Malay soal, from Classical Malay سوٴال (soal), from Arabic سُؤَال (suʔāl).

(education) problem, question, exercise, paper.


aprikot

Borrowed from English apricot. Doublet of abrikos.

a round sweet and juicy stone fruit, resembling peach or plum in taste, with a yellow-orange flesh, lightly fuzzy skin and a large seed inside

Prunus armeniaca
Prunus armeniaca#Translingual

apricot
the apricot tree, Prunus armeniaca


barisan

(mathematics) progression: a sequence obtained by adding or multiplying each term by a constant.


candi

Borrowed from Javanese ꦕꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ (candi), from Old Javanese caṇḍi (“temple, sanctuary”).

der

Hikmah tersebut menghunjam dengan dalam ketika ritual telanjang itu sudah 11 kali mengelilingi candi.

2007, Gabriel Sindhunata, Petruk jadi guru, page 177:

This wisdom sank deeply, when the naked ritual had circled the temple 11 times.

ancient temple (archeological site of former Hindu or Buddhist temple in Indonesia)


tifus

From New Latin typhus, from Ancient Greek τῦφος (tûphos, “fever, stupor”), from τύφω (túphō, “to smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dhubh-, extended form of *dheu- (“scatter like dust”).

(pathology) typhus: one of several similar diseases, characterised by high recurrent fever, caused by Rickettsia bacteria. Not to be confused with typhoid fever.


seser

(dance) the dancer's movement involves shifting his feet to the right and left


palka

From Portuguese falca, from Arabic فَلْقَ (falqa, “split, fissure”).

(nautical) hold: space for carrying cargo.


rasisme

Internationalism, affixed rasis + -isme, borrowed from Dutch racisme, from French racisme.


konsonan

From Dutch consonant, from Old French consonant, from Latin cōnsonāns (“sounding with”), from the prefix con- (“with”) + the present participle sonāns (“sounding”), from sonāre (“to sound”).


sepupu

sêpupu (canonical)
sepupu-sepupu (plural)

Inherited from Malay sepupu. Equivalent to se- (“same”) + pupu (“ancestor”).


keturunan

keturunan-keturunan (plural)
ketoeroenan (alternative)

Affixed turun + ke- -an, from Malay keturunan, from Classical Malay keturunan (“descendant”).


nenek

From Malay nenek, from Proto-Malayic *niniʔ.


moyang

From Malay moyang, from Proto-Malayic *(əm)pu + *hiaŋ, equivalent with blend of empu + hyang. Cognates with Central Malay puyang.


Melayu

Malay (pertaining to ethnic group or language)

melayukan

(transitive) to make something become Malay


kosong

(uncommon) hollow (having an empty space or cavity inside)


dwi

From Malay dwi, from Sanskrit द्वि (dvi), from द्व (dvá), from Proto-Indo-European *dwó, *dwóh₁.


puluh

From Malay puluh, from Proto-Malayic *puluh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puluq, from Proto-Austronesian *puluq.


ratus ribu

hundred thousand
hundred thousand#English


dua belas

From Malay dua belas, from Classical Malay dua belas. Equivalent to dua + belas.


sembilan belas

sembilan + belas, from Malay sembilan belas.


dua puluh

dua + puluh, from Malay dua puluh, from Proto-Malayic *dua(ʔ) puluh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha puluq, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa puluq.


Bumi

(astronomy) Earth: The third planet of the Solar System; the world upon which humans live.

planets of the Solar System: planet dari tata surya: Merkurius · Venus · Bumi · Mars · Jupiter · Saturnus · Uranus · Neptunus [edit]


leher

From Malay leher, from Proto-Malayic *lihər, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *lihər, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *lihər, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *liqəʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *liqəʀ.

neck (the part of body connecting the head and the trunk found in humans and some animals)


infus

From Dutch infuus, from French infusion.

(medicine) infusion: the administration of liquid substances directly into a vein for medical purposes


tegangan

têgangan (canonical)
tegangan-tegangan (plural)

Affixed tegang (“tense”) + -an. Semantic loan from Dutch spanning (“tension, voltage”) for physics, psychology and literature senses, see also the loanword spaning.

sl

(Standard Malay)

(physics) force transmitted through a rope, string, cable, or similar object.

(psychology) psychological state of being tense.

tension:
psychological state of being tense.

(literature) a feeling of nervousness, excitement, or fear that is created in a movie, book, etc.; suspense.

tegangan listrik
tegangan listrik#Indonesian

potential difference
potential difference#English

(physics) ellipsis of tegangan listrik (“potential difference, voltage”).

the internal distribution of force across a small boundary per unit area of that boundary (pressure) within a body. It causes strain or deformation and is typically symbolised by σ or τ.

Force externally applied to a body which cause internal stress within the body.

(Standard Malay)

(literature) suspense: the pleasurable emotion of anticipation and excitement regarding the outcome or climax of a book, film etc.


kadaver

From Dutch kadaver (cadaver), from French cadavre, from Latin cadāver.


SKA

(architecture, Indonesia) Initialism of sertifikat keahlian arsitek (“architect competency certificate”).


pirai

(pathology) gout: an extremely painful inflammation of joints, especially of the big toe, caused by a metabolic defect resulting in the accumulation of uric acid in the blood and the deposition of urates around the joints.


masif

From Dutch massief, from Middle French massif (Modern French massif).


TTS

teka-teki silang
teka-teki silang#Indonesian

(games) Initialism of teka-teki silang (“crossword”).


pluralisme

From Dutch pluralisme (“pluralism”), from French pluralisme (“pluralism”). Reconstructed as plural + -isme.

(sociology) a social system that permits smaller groups within a society to maintain their individual cultural identities.

(politics) the belief that there should be diverse and competing centers of power in society.


betis

Inherited from Malay betis, from Proto-Malayic *bətis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bətiəs, from Proto-Austronesian *bətiəs.

(anatomy) calf (anatomy: back of the leg below the knee)


babesia

Internationalism, after Romanian bacteriologist Victor Babeș.

(microbiology, epidemiology) babesia: Any of the hematozoa of the genus Babesia that invades the erythrocytes of living mammals, notably including cattle and humans, causing any of several babesioses.


-ida

A binary compound - bromide, arsenide, palladide.


glikogen

glikogèn (canonical)
glikogen-glikogen (plural)
ɡlikoɡən (alternative)

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch glycogeen, from French glycogène.

(biochemistry) glycogen: A polysaccharide that is the main form of carbohydrate storage in animals; converted to glucose as needed.


abolisi

From Dutch abolitie, from Middle Dutch abolitie, from Middle French abolition, from Latin abolitiō.

(law) the prevention or abrogation of a prosecution procedure by means of a law


gangsa

Inherited from Malay gangsa (“bronze”), from Sanskrit कंस (kaṃsa). Semantic loan from Javanese ꦒꦁꦱ (gangsa, “musical instrument and/or ensemble”) and Balinese ᬕᬗ᭄ᬲ (gangsa) for musical sense.


gangsa

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦁꦱ (gangsa, “goose”), from Old Javanese aṅsa, haṅsa (“goose, gander, swan, flamingo”), from Sanskrit हंस (haṃsa, “goose, gander, swan, flamingo”). Doublet of angsa.

der

(zoology, colloquial) booby, gannet (family Sulidae spp.).


tubuh

tubuh-tubuh (plural)
toeboeh (alternative)

From Malay tubuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tubuq, *tumbuq (“grow, germinate, sprout”), from Proto-Austronesian *Cubuq (“plant sprout”). Doublet of tumbuh.

intercourse; to have sex; to have sex with; intercourse

setubuhbersetubuh ()disetubuhimenyetubuhi ()persetubuhan ()

(anatomy) physical structure of a human or animal.

(anatomy) torso: the main structure of a human or animal frame excluding the extremities (limbs, head, tail).


pusar

From Malay pusar, from Javanese puser, from Proto-Malayic *pusət, from *pusər, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pusəʀ (compare Fijian vico, Hawaiian piko, Ilocano puseg, Maori pito), from Proto-Austronesian [Term?]. Doublet of pusat.


BPR

bank perkreditan rakyat
bank perkreditan rakyat#Indonesian

(finance, dated) Initialism of bank perkreditan rakyat.

bank perekonomian rakyat
bank perekonomian rakyat#Indonesian

(finance) Initialism of bank perekonomian rakyat.


Siwa

(Hinduism) Alternative spelling of Syiwa (“Shiva”).


apsara

From Sanskrit अप्सरस् (apsaras). Doublet of apsari.


embun

Inherited from Malay embun, from Proto-Malayic *Ambun, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ambun, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ambun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ambun, from Proto-Austronesian *ambun.

dew (moisture in the air that settles on plants, etc.)


Ramadhan

(Islam) alternative spelling of Ramadan.


ragi

From Malay ragi, probably from Sanskrit राग (rāga, “seasoning, condiment”).

(cooking) starter: a yeast culture used to start a fermentation process.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae#Translingual

(cooking) ragi: a type of yeast traditionally used in winemaking, baking, and brewing, now identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


ragi

From Malay ragi, from Sanskrit राग (rāga, “colour, dye”). Doublet of raga and ragam.


ragam

From Malay ragam, from Sanskrit राग (rāga). Doublet of raga and ragi.

Simpangan baku dapat dihitung dari ragam.

The standard deviation can be calculated from the variance.


cemara

cêmara (canonical)
cemara-cemara (plural)

Inherited from Malay cemara (“casuarina”).

inh+

Casuarina equisetifolia
Casuarina equisetifolia#Translingual

coastal she-oak, horsetail she-oak, ironwood, beach sheoak, beach casuarina or whistling tree (Casuarina equisetifolia)


atomisme

Affixed atom + -isme, borrowed from Dutch atomisme.

(philosophy) atomism: the ancient Greek theory that all matter is composed of very small indestructible and indivisible particles; the doctrine that society arises from individuals and that larger structures are unimportant.


pacal

(zoology) dorab wolf-herring (Chirocentrus dorab).


pustaka

From Malay pustaka, from Sanskrit पुस्तक (pustaka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pōstaka, *pustaka. Doublet of pestaka and pustaha.

(computing) a collection of software routines that provide functionality to be incorporated into or used by a computer program.

(genetics) A collection of DNA material from a single organism or relative to a single disease.


rawi

From Malay rawi, from Arabic رَاوٍ (rāwin, “narrator”).

(rare) Synonym of pendongeng (“storyteller, story maker”)


rawi

(rare) Synonym of dongeng (“to tell (a story)”)


rawi

From Malay rawi, from Sanskrit रवि (ravi).


benih

From Malay benih, from Proto-Malayic *bənih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *binəhiq, Proto-Austronesian *binəSiq (“seed set aside for the next planting”). Cognate with Javanese winih and Tagalog binhi.

inh

(botany) A fertilized and ripened ovule, containing an embryonic plant; seed.


balu

balu:

balu:


obat

Inherited from Malay ubat, obat, from Classical Malay اوبت (ubat), اوبت (obat), from Proto-Malayic *ubat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ubat. Influenced by Javanese ꦲꦺꦴꦧꦠ꧀ (obat).

Pemerintah didesak dalam penelitian dan pengembangan obat.

The government is pressed in medicine research and development.


ukur

From Malay ukur, from Proto-Malayic *ukuʀ.

to measure (to ascertain the quantity of a unit of material via calculated comparison with respect to a standard)


sastra

sastra-sastra (plural)
sastera (alternative)

From Malay sastera, from Sanskrit शास्त्र (śāstra, “scripture”).


Ahad

Inherited from Malay Ahad, from Classical Malay احد (Ahad, “sunday”), from Arabic اَلْأَحَد (al-ʔaḥad).


seribu

From Malay seribu, from Classical Malay seribu, from Old Malay sarivu. Equivalent to se- + ribu.

Seribu rupiah adalah pecahan tertua yang masih dicetak oleh BI.

One thousand rupiah is the oldest denomination still printed by BI.


dua ratus

Compound of dua + ratus, inherited from Malay dua ratus, from Proto-Malayic *dua ratus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha ʀatus, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa ʀaCus.


eskar

Borrowed from English eschar, from Middle French eschare (now escarre) or Late Latin eschara (“scar, scab”), from Ancient Greek ἐσχάρα (eskhára, “hearth, brazier, scab”).

der

(dermatology, pathology) eschar: a superficial structure of dead tissue, usually hardened, commonly, but not necessarily dark, adhering to underlying living or necrotic tissue, caused by gangrene or a burn.


tantième

Unadapted borrowing from French tantième (“percentage, proportion”).

ubor

(business) tantième: The share of profits paid to the management or to the board of directors under a profit sharing scheme.


sepuluh ribu

Redenominasi harus cepat dilaksanakan karena nilai uang sepuluh ribu umumnya sangat bernilai di luar negeri.

Redenomination must be quickly executed since ten thousand currency units are generally extremely valuable overseas.


seratus ribu

Bahkan jika aku dibayar seratus ribu pun aku tetap tidak mau mengikuti demonstrasi Marxis-Leninis tersebut.

Even if I were paid one hundred thousand for it, I still won't participate in that Marxist-Leninist demonstration.

one hundred thousand
one hundred thousand#English


pangkat

Reconstructed as peng- + angkat, from Malay pangkat, from Javanese ꦥꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (pangkat, “rank, position, status; grade (school); degree, power; departure”), from Old Javanese paṅkat (“arranged; depart”), aṅkat (“departure, getting up”). Doublet of pengangkat.

der

(mathematics) the maximal number of linearly independent columns (or rows) of a matrix.

(mathematics) exponent: the number by which a value (called the base) is said to be raised to a power in exponentiation: for example, the 3 in 2³=8.

(mathematics) power: A product of equal factors (and generalizations of this notion): xⁿ, read as "x to the power of n" or the like, is called a power and denotes the product x×x×⋯×x, where x appears n times in the product; x is called the base and n the exponent.


pangkat

Dua pangkat tiga sama dengan delapan.

Two to the power of three equals eight. 2³ = 8.


destruktor

Ultimately derived from Latin dēstrūctor, from dēstruō + -ātor.

object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming

(object-oriented programming) A function that runs when an object is no longer required, used to release any resources that it was using.


biblio

(publishing) bibliographic notes and/or those placed behind the title page


ambang

From Malay ambang, from Classical Malay امبڠ (ambang), from Proto-Malayic *hambaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hambaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hambaŋ, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabaŋ.

(ecology) range: the geographical area or zone where a species is normally naturally found.


kapur

Inherited from Malay kapur, from Proto-Malayic *kapur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qapuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ (“lime, calcium”). Doublet of kamper.
The initial k- is unexplained (expected reflex is *hapur) and may indicate an alternate byform *kapuʀ according to Blust and Trussel.
Cognates
Cognate with Tagalog apog (“lime”), Tsou hapuyu (“lime”), and Eastern Cham ꨆꨚꨭꨩ (kapū).

inh

a piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO₄), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard)


observatorium

From Dutch observatorium, from Latin observātōrium.

(astronomy) observatory: a place where stars, planets and other celestial bodies are observed, usually through a telescope; also place for observing meteorological or other natural phenomena.


lima ribu

Tuanku Imam Bonjol ditampilkan di bagian depan uang lima ribu pada masa itu.
Tuanku Imam Bonjol is shown on the obverse of the five thousand rupiah note at that time.


Muharam

Inherited from Malay محرم (Muharam, “Muharram”), from Arabic مُحَرَّم (muḥarram).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">Muharam</i>

inh+

Muharram (the first month of the Islamic calendar)


kelabu

kêlabu (canonical)
kelabu-kelabu (plural)

Inherited from Malay کلابو (kelabu, “grey”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kelabu</i>

inh+

kelabu:


anak mata

Inherited from Malay anak mata, from Proto-Malayic *anak mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anak i mata. Equivalent to anak (“child”) + mata (“eye”)

(anatomy) pupil (the hole in the middle of the iris of the eye)


tableau vivant

Unadapted borrowing from French tableau vivant.


arianisme

(Christianity) Arianism (heretical doctrine)


tsarisme

Borrowed from Dutch tsarisme (“tsarism”), from French tsarisme (“tsarism”).


turbin

From Dutch turbine, from French turbine, from Latin turbō, turbinem.

(engineering) turbine: any of various rotary machines that use the kinetic energy of a continuous stream of fluid (a liquid or a gas) to turn a shaft.


garpu

From Malay garpu, from Portuguese garfo, from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin graphium.


air bah

From Malay air bah, from Classical Malay اير به (air bah), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ bahaq, equivalent to air (“water”) + bah (“flood”).


air mata

air (“water”) + mata (“eye”), from Malay air mata, from Classical Malay اير مات (air mata), from Proto-Malayic *air mata, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *air mata, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *wair mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ ni mata.

tear (drop of clear salty liquid from the eyes)


devisa

Internationalism, compare to French devise (“assets in foreign currency”), German Devise, Catalan divisa, Italian divisa, Spanish divisa, ultimately from Latin dīvīsa, dīvīsus (“divided, separated; distributed, apportioned”).


saluran

Affixed salur + -an, inherited from Malay saluran. Semantic loan from English channel for all senses except sense 1.1

(biochemistry) An ion channel: pore-forming proteins located in a cell membrane that allow specific ions to pass through.

(electronics, communication) a connection between initiating and terminating nodes of a circuit.

(electronics, communication) a path for conveying electrical or electromagnetic signals, usually distinguished from other parallel paths.

(broadcasting) a specific radio frequency or band of frequencies, usually in conjunction with a predetermined letter, number, or codeword, and allocated by international agreement.

(broadcasting) a specific radio frequency or band of frequencies used for transmitting television.

(Internet) A particular area for conversations on an IRC or similar network, analogous to a chat room and often dedicated to a specific topic.

(anatomy) a tubular channel within the body.

canal
a tubular channel within the body.

(anatomy) a vessel for conveying lymph or glandular secretions such as tears or bile.

(electricity, electronics) any circuit or loop of an electrical system

(electronics, communication) the wire connecting one telegraphic station with another, a telephone or internet cable between two points: a telephone or network connection.


palung

(meteorology) trough (a linear atmospheric depression associated with a weather front)


tipologi

(Standard Malay)

(archaeology) the result of the classification of things according to their characteristics.

(linguistics) classification of languages according to their linguistic trait (as opposed to ancestrality like Romance languages).


keempat

From Malay keempat, from Classical Malay keempat, from Proto-Malayic *kA-əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-əpat. Equivalent to ke- + empat.

Usage: To be placed after the noun, with or without word "yang", without a relevant difference i meaning.


perempat

Inherited from Malay perempat. Equivalent to per- (“every”) + empat (“four”).


dadu

From Malay dadu (“die”), from Portuguese dado (“die”), from Old Galician-Portuguese dado, itself from a Vulgar Latin *dadu, of uncertain origin; possibly from Classical Arabic أَعْدَاد (ʔaʕdād, “numbers”), or from Latin datum.

(gaming) die, a regular polyhedron, usually a cube, with numbers or symbols on each side and used in games of chance.


amik

Borrowed from Dutch amict, from French amict, from Latin amictus, amiciō.

(Catholicism) amice: a hood, or cape with a hood, made of or lined with grey fur, formerly worn by the clergy.


Daud

Inherited from Malay داود, داءوت (Daud), from Arabic دَاوُد (dāwud), from Hebrew דָּוִד (Davíd).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">Daud</i>

(Christianity, Islam, Judaism) The prophet David who was also a king of Judah.


organik

* From Dutch organiek, from French organique, from Latin organicus, from Ancient Greek [Term?].
* Other senses than belonging to a permanent organization is a semantic loan from Malay organik or English organic.

(biology) pertaining to or derived from living organisms.

(physiology, medicine) pertaining to an organ of the body of a living organism.

(agriculture) of food or food products, grown in an environment free from artificial agrichemicals, and possibly certified by a regulatory body.


Bagus

Inherited from Malay Bagus, from bagus (“good, nice; handsome, attractive”).


pasal

pasal-pasal (plural)
fasal (alternative)
fatsal (alternative)

From Malay fasal, from Arabic فَصْل (faṣl, “chapter, paragraph, division”).
* The law sense of article is a semantic loan from Dutch artikel (“article”). Replaced by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

sl

(law) article: a section of a legal document, bylaws, etc. or, in the plural, the entire document seen as a collection of these.


rapor

rapor-rapor (plural)
rapot (alternative)
raport (alternative)

From Malay rapor, from Dutch rapport, from Middle Dutch rapport, from Middle French rapport. Doublet of lapor.


disket

diskèt (canonical)
disket-disket (plural)


rusuk

Inherited from Malay rusuk, from Proto-Malayic *rusuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀusuk (“rib”), from Proto-Austronesian *ʀusuk (“rib”).

(anatomy) rib: any of a series of long curved bones occurring in 12 pairs in humans and other animals and extending from the spine to or toward the sternum.

(sports, rare) An offensive player who plays on either side of the center; winger.

(geometry) A one-dimensional face of a polytope. In particular, the joining line between two vertices of a polygon; the place where two faces of a polyhedron meet; edge.


kandil

Inherited from Malay kandil, from Arabic قِنْدِيل (qindīl) and/or Classical Persian قَنْدِیل (qandīl).


bakmi

→ Dutch: bami

→ English: bakmi

Borrowed from Xiamen Hokkien 肉麵 /肉面 (bah-mī). Compare Dutch bami, Tagalog bami / mami, Cebuano bam-i. See also Hokkien 牛肉麵 /牛肉面 (gû-bah-mī).

bor+

bakmi, a type of semi-thick Chinese wheat noodle, or a dish chiefly composed of them.


masam

From Malay masam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-qaləsəm.

Having a sour, acid, acidic, sharp or tangy taste.


atma

From Sanskrit आत्मा (ātmā, nominative singular), from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman, “soul, life, self”).


jaringan

From Malay jaringan, equivalent to jaring + -an.
* Sense of network beside of fabric or fibrous sense is a semantic loan from Dutch netwerk and later English network.
* Sense of biological tissue is a semantic loan from Dutch weefsel (“tissue, fabric”, literally “to weave + perform, action, result”).

sl

(communication) a group of affiliated television stations that broadcast common programs from a parent company.

(computing) multiple computers and other devices connected together to share information.

(management) project network, network chart: a graph (weighted directed graph) depicting the sequence in which a project's terminal elements are to be completed by showing terminal elements and their dependencies.

(biology) tissue: a group of cells similar in origin that function together to do a specific job.


rumah sakit

rumah-rumah sakit (plural)
rumkit (alternative)
RS (alternative)

→ Hakka: rumah sakit

→ Tetum: uma-moras (calque)

From Malay rumah sakit, compound of rumah (“house”) + sakit (“sick”), calque of Dutch ziekenhuis (“hospital”, literally “sick house”). Displaced Dutch loanword hospital as was frequently used in Batavian newspapers in the 1920s.

calque

(healthcare) hospital (medical care facility)


ayan

From Javanese [Term?], from Old Javanese [Term?].

to seizure (to undergo an epileptic seizure)


ayan

From Malay ayan, from Hokkien 亞鉛 /亚铅 (a-iân), from Japanese 亜鉛 (aen).


beram

Inherited from Malay beram, from Javanese ꦧꦽꦩ꧀ (brem). Doublet of brem.

brem: traditional fermented food or fermented beverage made of rice wine.


beram

beram:

beram:


TKP

tempat kejadian perkara
tempat kejadian perkara#Indonesian

(crime) Initialism of tempat kejadian perkara (“crime scene”).


FP

(education) Initialism of fakultas pertanian.


bunyi

From Proto-Malayic *buñi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buñi.

sebunyi

have the same sound; homophonic, homophonous

(music) sound (a distinctive and styled sound)


bilangan

From bilang (“to count”) + -an, from Malay bilangan, from Proto-Malayic *bilaŋ-an, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bilaŋ-an, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bilaŋ-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bilaŋ-an.

hypercomplex numbers
hypercomplex numbers

(mathematics) An element of one of several sets: natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, real numbers, complex numbers, and sometimes extensions such as hypercomplex numbers, etc.


cawan

From Malay cawan, from Mandarin 茶碗 (cháwǎn, “teacup”).


mayam

(Aceh) a traditional unit of weight, equal 3.33 grams.


tahun cahaya

Compound of tahun (“year”) + cahaya (“light”), calque of Dutch lichtjaar (“light year”). Attested before 1970.

cal

(astronomy) lightyear (astronomical distance)


urup

id-noun

urup (countable and uncountable, plural urup-urup)

(dialectal) Synonym of barter (“barter”)


urup

(dialectal) Synonym of barter (“to barter”)


uban

Inherited from Malay uban, from Proto-Malayic *huban, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quban, from Proto-Austronesian *qubaN.


serap

From Malay serap, from Classical Malay serap, from Proto-Malayic *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *sərəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səʀəp.

(physics, chemistry) To take in energy and convert it.

(physics) in receiving a physical impact or vibration without recoil.

(physics) in receiving sound energy without repercussion or echo.

(physics) taking in radiant energy and converting it to a different form of energy, like heat.

(linguistics) to borrow: to adopt a word from another language.


klona

From English clone, from Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”).

(biology) a group of identical cells derived from a single cell.

(computing) computer hardware or software designed to function in the same way as an original.


revolusi

révolusi (canonical)
revolusi-revolusi (plural)

Internationalism, Malay revolusi borrowed from Dutch revolutie, from French révolution, from Latin revolūtiō.

(politics) a political upheaval in a government or nation state characterized by great change.

(politics) the removal and replacement of a government, especially by sudden violent action.

(astronomy) the movement of an object in a circular or elliptical course around another or about an axis or center.


korektor

From Dutch corrector, from Latin corrēctor.

(education) assessor, examiner: A person who marks an examination.


TPA

(psychology) Initialism of tes potensi akademik (“academic potential test”).

tempat penitipan anak
tempat penitipan anak#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of tempat penitipan anak (“childcare, daycare”).

taman pengajian Al Qur'an
taman pengajian Al Qur'an#Indonesian

(Islam) Initialism of taman pengajian Al Qur'an.


patih

Ultimately from Sanskrit पति (pati, “husband; lord, master; master, owner, possessor, lord, ruler, sovereign”).
* From Malay patih, from Classical Malay patih.
* From Javanese patih (ꦥꦠꦶꦃ), from Old Javanese patih, pati (as also in adipati, bupati, etc.).


lembing

lêmbing (canonical)
lembing-lembing (plural)

Inherited from Malay lembing, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *lmɓŋ, *lmɓəŋ (“shoot”).


hormat

From Malay hormat, from Arabic حُرْمَة (ḥurma, “honor, dignity, good name”).


fidah

id-noun

fidah (countable and uncountable, plural fidah-fidah)

From Malay fidah, from Arabic فِضَّة (fiḍḍa).


trase

From Dutch tracé, from French trace, tracer, from Old French tracier, from Vulgar Latin *tractiō, from Latin tractum. Compare to German Trasse.

(road transport, rail transport, engineering) line: a path through two or more points; a connected series of public conveyances, as a roadbed or railway track.


hidrogen peroksida

hidrogèn pêroksida (plural hidrogen-hidrogen peroksida)

hidrogèn pêroksida (canonical)
hidrogen-hidrogen peroksida (plural)


amperemeter

am‧pè‧rê‧mè‧têr

From Dutch ampèremeter, from French ampèremètre.

(electricity) ammeter, amperemeter: a device that measures the magnitude of an electric current, especially one calibrated in amperes.


biji

Inherited from Malay biji, from Sanskrit बीज (bīja, “seed”). Doublet of bija and bijih.


karburator

karburator-karburator (plural)
karburétor (alternative)

From Dutch carburator/carburateur, from French carburateur.

(engineering) carburetor, carburettor: a device in an internal combustion engine where fuel is vaporized and mixed with air prior to ignition.


Januari

From Dutch januari, from Latin iānuārius (“(month) of Janus”), perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”, a root).


Februari

Fébruari (canonical)
Pebruari (alternative)

From Dutch februari, from Latin Februārius (“the month of the Februa”).


pantun

(poetry) pantoum: a poem, similar to a villanelle, that comprises a series of quatrains, the second and fourth lines of each stanza repeated as the first and third lines of the next.

(drama) a Sundanese oral narrative performance.


Ratna

From Sanskrit रत्न (rátna, “jewel, gem”).


PPN

pajak pertambahan nilai
pajak pertambahan nilai#Indonesian

(taxation, real estate) Initialism of pajak pertambahan nilai (“value added tax”).


PPN

(government) Initialism of perencanaan pembangunan nasional (“national development planning”).


SMA

Pandemi virus korona terjadi saat aku naik ke kelas 1 SMA.

The coronavirus pandemic happened on my first year of senior high school.

sekolah menengah atas
sekolah menengah atas#Indonesian

(education) Initialism of sekolah menengah atas (“senior high school”).

satuan massa atom
satuan massa atom#Indonesian

(chemistry) Initialism of satuan massa atom (“atomic mass unit”).


PTS

perguruan tinggi swasta
perguruan tinggi swasta#Indonesian

(education) initialism of perguruan tinggi swasta (“private higher education institution”).


kelabu asap

kelabu asap:


biru langit

Inherited from Malay biru langit. By surface analysis, biru (“blue”) + langit (“sky”).

surf

biru langit:


pandai

Inherited from Malay pandai, from Old Javanese paṇḍe, paṇḍay (“skilled worker; smith”), from Prakrit paṁḍia, from Sanskrit पाण्ड्यः (pāṇḍyaḥ, “best of the learned”), पाण्डित्य (pāṇḍitya, “cleverness”) or पण्डित (paṇḍita). Doublet of pandita and pendeta.


hanbok

Learned borrowing from Korean 한복 (hanbok, “Korean clothing”), from Sino-Korean word from 韓服.

lbor

The traditional Korean dress (worn by both males and females), often characterized by vibrant colours and simple lines without pockets.


estafet

èstafèt (canonical)
estafet-estafet (plural)

From Dutch estafette, from French estafette, from Italian staffetta.


titik

From Malay titik, from Classical Malay titik (“drop”).


prota

(management) Acronym of program tahunan (“annual program”).


sabda

From Malay sabda, from Classical Malay sabda, from Sanskrit शब्द (śabda).

(religion) word of a God, a prophet, or a king


siang

Inherited from Malay siang, from Javanese ꦱꦶꦪꦁ (siyang), from Old Javanese siyaṅ (“daytime”).

Kamu mau makan apa siang ini?

the time of the day towards noon until the end of the first half of the afternoon; the time of the day from around 11:00 until around 14:00


semalam

semalam-semalam (plural)
semalem (alternative)


tetikus

Partial reduplication of tikus (“mouse, rat”), from Malay tetikus.


lambang

(chemistry, mathematics) a character or glyph representing an idea, concept or object.


unggah

From Javanese unggah (ꦈꦁꦒꦃ, “to lift up”).


unduh

desc

→ Javanese: ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦃ (undhuh) (semantic loan)

Neologism, from Javanese undhuh (ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦃ, “to pick”).


pangeran

pangèran (canonical)
pangeran-pangeran (plural)

Inherited from Malay pangeran (“prince”) (compare to Malay pengiran (“prince”)), from Javanese ꦥꦔꦺꦫꦤ꧀ (pangéran, “Lord; prince”), from Old Javanese paṅeran (“person, prince, princess, wife, daughter”, literally “master, lord”) (compare to paṅheran (“waiting-place, dwelling-place”)).


niat

From Malay niat, from Classical Malay niat, niyat, niyyat, from Arabic نِيَّة (niyya). The sense in law was coined by Indonesian jurist and professor Moeljatno to translate Dutch voornemen.


ultramarin

Borrowed from Dutch ultramarijn (“ultramarine”).

bor+

ultramarin:


ASMR

autonomous sensory meridian response
w:autonomous sensory meridian response

Initialism of autonomous sensory meridian response (“a claimed biological phenomenon involving a pleasurable tingling in response to a stimulus”).


sogi

From Japanese 将棋(しょうぎ) (shōgi, “shogi”, literally “general strategy board game”).

ja-r

(sports) shogi, Japanese chess; a chess variant created and mainly played in Japan.


pangkal

(linguistics) stem (The main part of an uninflected word to which affixes may be added to form inflections of the word)


lebuh raya

lêbuh raya (canonical)
lebuh-lebuh raya (plural)

Compound of lebuh (“street, main road, thoroughfare; boulevard”) + raya (“great”).


didaktik

From Dutch didactiek, from French didactique, from Ancient Greek διδακτικός (didaktikós, “skilled in teaching”), from διδακτός (didaktós, “taught, learnt”), from διδάσκω (didáskō, “I teach, educate”).

der

(education) didactics: the art and science of teaching.


izin

izin-izin (plural)
ijin (alternative)
idzin (alternative)

Inherited from Malay ايذين (izin), from Arabic إِذْن (ʔiḏn). Semantic loan from Dutch consent.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">izin</i>


Kalimantan

→ English: Kalimantan

→ Dutch: Kalimantan

Unknown
* possibly from Sanskrit काल (kāla, “time”) + मन्थन (manthana, “churning”).
* possibly from Javanese ("diamond river")

compound

(anthropology) a member of a tribe or ethnic and linguistic group native to Kalimantan island


pantograf

Internationalism, borrowed from French pantographe, from panto- (from Ancient Greek παντός (pantós), genitive singular of πᾶν (pân, “all”)), and -graphe (from γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”)).

(rail transport) a similarly-formed conductive device, now usually Z-shaped, that collects electric current from overhead lines for trains and trams.


polda

kepolisian daerah
kepolisian daerah#Indonesian

(law enforcement) Acronym of kepolisian daerah.


pengadilan

pêngadilan (canonical)
pengadilan-pengadilan (plural)

Affixed adil + peng- -an. The sense of (law) court is reinforced by semantic loan from Japanese 法院(ほういん) (hōin) and Dutch gerecht.

ja-r

法院(ほういん) (hōin)

the persons officially assembled under authority of law, at the appropriate time and place, for the administration of justice; an official assembly, legally met together for the transaction of judicial business; a judge or judges sitting for the hearing or trial of cases.

(law) court:
the session of a judicial assembly.

the hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered.

(law) judgment, judgement: the act of determining, as in courts of law, what is conformable to law and justice; also, the determination, decision, or sentence of a court, or of a judge.


turus

Inherited from Malay turus (“post, pile; pillar”), from Proto-Malayic *turus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *turus (“stake; free-standing post”).

inh

(statistics) tally: a mark registering a number or amount.


selada

selada-selada (plural)
salada (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch salade, from Middle French salade, from Italian salata. Doublet of selat.


agresi

agrèsi (canonical)
agresi-agresi (plural)

From Dutch agressie (“aggression”), from Middle French agression, from Latin aggressiō.

(Standard Malay)

(politics) the act of initiating hostilities or invasion; the practice or habit of launching attacks.

(Standard Malay), kegarangan

(education, psychology) hostile or destructive behavior or actions.


hechting

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch hechting (“suturing”).


resep

From Dutch recept, from Middle Dutch recepte, from Old French recepte, from Medieval Latin recepta.

(cooking) a set of instructions for making or preparing food dishes.

(medicine, pharmacy, ophthalmology) prescription: A written order from an authorized medical practitioner for provision of a medicine or other treatment, such as (ophthalmology) the specific lenses needed for a pair of glasses.


objek

From English object. Replaced earlier obyek.

(grammar) object: The noun phrase which is an internal complement of a verb phrase or a prepositional phrase. In a verb phrase with a transitive action verb, it is typically the receiver of the action.

(physics, optics) objective: the optical element that gathers light from the object being observed and focuses the light rays to produce a real image.


produk

From Dutch product, from Latin prōductum, from prōdūcō (“bring forward”).

product (anything that is produced; a result)


mandu

Learned borrowing from Korean 만두 (mandu), semantic loan from Chinese 饅頭 /馒头 (“steamed bun”).

lbor

(cooking) dumplings in Korean cuisine, usually made of tofu


paramita

From Sanskrit पारमिता (pāramitā, “perfection; completeness”).

der

(Buddhism) paramita: perfection or culmination of certain virtues.


oden

Borrowed from Japanese 御田(おでん) (oden). Doublet of odeng.

(cooking) oden: a Japanese one pot winter dish, of varying ingredients.


hadis

From Malay hadis, from Classical Malay hadis, from Arabic حَدِيث (ḥadīṯ).


tanja

Blend of tanya jawab. Coined by Indonesian engineer Ivan Lanin 19 March 2012.


Ir.

(historical) Abbreviation of Insinyur (“Bachelor of Engineering”).


bulir

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buliʀ, compare Tetum fulin.

(botany) spike (A kind of inflorescence in which sessile flowers are arranged on an unbranched elongated axis)


rujak

rujak-rujak (plural)
rojak (alternative)

(cooking) rojak: traditional salad dish made of mixed raw fruits and cooked vegetables (sometimes also cooked meats) originated from Central and East Java regions.


jagra

From Sanskrit जाग्रत् (jāgrat, “waking”).

(Hinduism) awake, as the act of ascetic.


layang-layang

Inherited from Malay layang-layang. Equivalent to reduplication of layang.

(geometry) a quadrilateral resembling the shape of a traditional toy kite (sense 1)


nasel

Borrowed from English nacelle, from French nacelle (“rowing boat, skiff; gondola (of a hot-air balloon, etc.); structure on an aircraft to house an engine”), from Middle French nacelle (“rowing boat, skiff”), from Old French nacele, from Late Latin naucella, nāvicella (“small boat or ship”), from Latin nāvis (“a ship”).

der

(aviation) nacelle: a separate streamlined enclosure mounted on an aircraft to house, originally, an engine, and now also cargo or crew.


kiper

(sports) keeper (goalkeeper or wicketkeeper)


legislatif

From Dutch legislatief, from French législatif.

Pemberdayaan lembaga legislatif bisa jadi salah satu solusi.

Empowerment of legislative body can be a solution.

(government, politics) legislative, making, or having the power to make, a law or laws; lawmaking.


tambur

From Dutch tamboer, from French tambour, from Arabic طُنْبُور (ṭunbūr) or Persian تبیر (tabir, “drum”).


dikte

From Dutch dictee, from French dictée, from Latin [Term?].

(education) an activity in school where the teacher reads a passage aloud and the students write it down


bijih

Inherited from Malay bijih, from Sanskrit बीज (bīja, “seed”). Doublet of bija and biji.


losion

From Dutch lotion, from French lotion, from Latin lotio (“a washing”).


geiser

From Dutch geiser, from Geysir, a particular Icelandic geyser, which named after Icelandic geysir (“gusher”) and the verb geysa (“to gush”), from Old Norse geysa (“to gush”).

(geology) geyser: a boiling natural spring which throws forth at frequent intervals jets of water, mud etc., driven up by the expansive power of steam.


FH

(education) Initialism of fakultas hukum.


SBY

Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
w:id:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono

(Indonesian politics) Initialism of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.


karyawan

worker, staff (of a business organisation)


padmasana

From Sanskrit पद्मासन (padmāsana, “lotus seat”), a compound of पद्म (padma, “lotus”) + आसन (āsana, “asana”). Equal to padma + asana.

compound

(Balinese, Hinduism) throne of deva in Balinese Hinduism temple.

(archaeology, literal) a lotus-shaped seat.

(archaeology) padmasana, the lotus position.


kartilago

Learned borrowing from Latin cartilāgō (“cartilage”).

lbor

(anatomy) cartilage: A usually translucent and somewhat elastic, dense, nonvascular connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It composes most of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos, being replaced by bone during ossification in the higher vertebrates.


awam

From Malay awam, from Classical Malay awam, from Arabic عَوَامّ (ʕawāmm), plural of عَامَّة (ʕāmma).


mahaguru

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit महागुरु (mahāguru, “supreme guru”), reanalyzed as maha- (“supreme”) + guru (“teacher”). Semantic loan from Dutch hoogleraar (“professor”, literally “high teacher”).