sinse

sinse-sinse (plural)
sengsai (alternative)
singse (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien 先生 (sin-seⁿ, “doctor; physician; teacher”), from 先 (sin, “earlier; first”) + 生 (seⁿ, “to be born”). Compare Japanese 先生 (sensei, “teacher; elder”). Doublet of sensei.

bor+

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine#English

(traditional Chinese medicine) traditional Chinese medicine doctor


pesumo

(sports) Japanese traditional wrestler (sumo).


bakpia

From Xiamen Hokkien 肉餅／肉饼 (bah-piáⁿ, “meat patty”), from 肉 (bah, “meat, flesh; pork”) + 餅／饼 (piáⁿ, “round flat cake; cookie; cake”).

zh-l

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual


bakwan

From Xiamen Hokkien 肉丸 (bah-oân, “meatball”), from 肉 (bah, “meat, flesh; pork”) + 丸 (oân, “pill”).

A kind of fritter from vegetables and wheat flour.


banci

From Malay banci, from Javanese ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ (banci, “effeminate man; asexual person”), from Old Javanese wañci (“timid, shy; character; deceitful”), from bañcana, wañcana (“deception, deceitful”), from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “deceiving, trickery”). Doublet of bencana.

der

(derogatory) waria: a member of Indonesia's traditional transfeminine third gender category


karategi

From Japanese 空手着 (からてぎ, karategi), from Japanese 空手 (からて, karate, “karate”) + 着 (ぎ, -gi, “clothes, outfit, uniform”, suffix).


onagata

From Japanese 女形 (おんながた, onnagata, “onnagata”).

bor

(drama) onnagata, male actor who plays female roles in kabuki theater.


keuskupan

Affixed uskup + ke- -an, from Malay keuskupan.


tekidanto

From Japanese 擲弾筒(てきだんとう) (tekidantō, “grenade launcher”).


bantuan

From Malay bantuan,
from Classical Malay bantuan. Equivalent to bantu + -an.

(education) bursary: a monetary award to university students that allows them to continue their studies.


-ena

From English -ene, from the Ancient Greek -ηνός (-ēnós) feminine patronymic suffix.

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated hydrocarbon having at least one double bond; an alkene.

(organic chemistry) An aromatic hydrocarbon based on benzene.


sabuk

(astronomy) belt (a collection of rocky-constituted bodies which orbit a star)


kalor

Learned borrowing from Latin calor (“warmth, heat; glow”).


konservatisme

From Dutch conservatisme. Reanalysed as konservatif + -isme.


susyi

susyi-susyi (plural)
sushi (alternative)

(cooking) sushi: vinegared rice served with fish or vegetables, etc.


sancan

From Hokkien 三層 /三层 (saⁿ-chân, “pork belly”, literally “three layers”). Doublet of samcan.


samcan

From Hokkien 三層 /三层 (sam-chân, “pork belly”, literally “three layers”). Doublet of sancan.

(cooking) alternative spelling of sancan (“beef flank”)


syuriken

From Japanese 手裏剣(しゅりけん) (shuriken, literally “in the hand blade”).

ja-r

(weaponry) shuriken, a dart or throwing blade, sometimes with multiple points, used as a weapon by ninja (or samurai).


kopling

Borrowed from Dutch koppeling (“clutch”).


amonium

amonium-amonium (plural)
ammonium (alternative)

Internationalism, from English ammonium.


gerilya

From Dutch guerrilla, from Spanish guerrilla.

(military) guerrilla war; guerrilla warfare.


perkataan

pêrkataan (canonical)
perkataan-perkataan (plural)


borat

(inorganic chemistry) borate (the oxyanion BO₃³⁻ or any of several more complex derivatives)

borat (a salt or ester formed by the combination of boric acid with a base or positive radical)


akselerator

akselêrator (canonical)
akselerator-akselerator (plural)

Internationalism, borrowed from English accelerator.

particle accelerator
particle accelerator

(physics) particle accelerator: a device that accelerates charged subatomic particles.

(physiology) a muscle or nerve that speeds the performance of an action.


PKP

penghasilan kena pajak
penghasilan kena pajak#Indonesian

(taxation) Initialism of penghasilan kena pajak.

pengusaha kena pajak
pengusaha kena pajak#Indonesian

(taxation) Initialism of pengusaha kena pajak.


retret

rètrèt (canonical)
retret-retret (plural)

From Dutch retraite, from Old French retrait or retret, from Latin retractus, from retraho.

(Christianity) retreat, period of meditation, prayer, or study.


perban

pêrban (canonical)
perban-perban (plural)

From Dutch verband (“bandage”), from Middle Dutch verbant.


dosen

From Dutch docent (“teacher, docent”), from Latin docēns, present participle of doceō (“to teach”).

(education) docent; lecturer, person who gives lectures (usually in a university, as opposed to a school teacher).


peserta didik

Compound of peserta (“participant”) + didik (“to provide intellectual training”).

compound

pelajar

student in primary to senior high school

siswi

female student in preschool to senior high school

mahasiswi

female student enrolled in an institution of higher learning


fakultas

→ Tetum: fakultas

* Learned borrowing from Latin facultās. Doublet of fasilitas.
* Displaced, since 1954, earlier loanword fakulteit, fakultet and fakultit, from Dutch faculteit.

(education) faculty, division of a university.


kuliah

Inherited from Malay kuliah, from Arabic كُلِّيَّة (kulliyya).

higher education
higher education#English


sekolah tinggi

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + tinggi (“high”), calque of Dutch hogeschool (“hogeschool, polytechnic, college”, literally “high school”).

calque

(education) hogeschool, college: mono-disciplinary higher education institution; a higher education institution of lower rank than a university.

sekolah tinggi keradjaan


sekolah menengah

id-noun

sêkolah mênêngah (plural sekolah-sekolah menengah)

sêkolah mênêngah (canonical)
sekolah-sekolah menengah (plural)

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + menengah (“middle”), from Malay sekolah menengah, a calque of Dutch middelbare school (“high school”, literally “middle school”).

calque

(education) high school (US), secondary school (UK).


sekolah menengah atas

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + atas (“high”), from
* Calque from English upper + secondary school, or
* Calque from Japanese 高等 (kōtō, “higher”) + 中学校 (chūgakkō, “secondary (middle) school”). The post-war Japanese term is 高等学校 (kōtōgakkō). Doublet of sekolah menengah tinggi.
* Calque from Chinese 高級中學／高级中学 (gāojí zhōngxué, “senior high school”).

zh-l

(education) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK), abbreviated as SMA.


sekolah menengah pertama

id-noun

sekolah menengah pertama (plural sekolah-sekolah menengah pertama)

sekolah-sekolah menengah pertama (plural)

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + pertama (“first”), calque from Japanese 初等 (shotō, “beginner, primary”) + 中學校 (chūgakkō, “secondary (middle) school”). The post-war Japanese term is 中学校 (chūgakkō). Attested in Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah 2602 (1942).

compound

(education) junior high school (US), lower secondary school (UK), abbreviated SMP.


sekolah menengah kejuruan

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + kejuruan (“skill”). Comparable to Japanese 高等専修学校(こうとうせんしゅうがっこう) (kōtōsenshūgakkō, “upper secondary specialized training school”).

ja-r

こうとうせんしゅうがっこう

(education) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK) level (ISCED Level 3) vocational school, abbreviated SMK.


sekolah menengah umum

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + umum (“general”), from
* Calque of Dutch algemene middelbare school of algemene (“common, general”) + middelbare (“secondary”) + school.
* Compare to Chinese 普通高中.

compound

(education, historical) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK), abbreviated SMU.


sulung

* Inherited from Malay sulung (“firstborn”).
* Semantic loan from Javanese ꦱꦸꦭꦸꦁ (sulung, “small flying ant which comes out at night”, literally “earliest; eldest”).

sl

(uncountable, chiefly Christianity) firstfruit, firstfruits: an offering of the first of the harvest.


wicara

From Javanese ꦮꦶꦕꦫ (wicara), from Old Javanese wicāra, from Sanskrit विचार (vicāra, “thought, discussion”). Doublet of bicara, [Term?], and to talk.


sekak

From Dutch schaak (“chess, check”), from Middle Dutch schaec, from Old French escac or directly from Medieval Latin scaccus, from Arabic شَاه (šāh), from Persian شاه (šâh, “king”).

(sports) chess, (a board game for two players)

(sports, chess) check (a situation in which the king is directly threatened by an opposing piece)


syahbandar

→ Min Nan: 審萬達 /审万达 (sím-bān-ta̍t)

Compound of syah (“shah, king”) + bandar (“port, harbour”), from Persian شاهبندر (šâhbandar, “harbormaster”).

der

(nautical) harbormaster (US), harbourmaster (UK)


syah

From Malay syah, from Classical Persian شاه (šāh, “shah”). Doublet of cek.

(chess, obsolete) king (the principal chess piece)


prefektur

Borrowed from Dutch prefectuur, from Middle French préfecture, from Latin praefectūra.

prefecture (the office or position of a prefecture)

prefecture (the jurisdiction or region of a prefect)

apostolic prefecture
apostolic prefecture

(Catholicism) apostolic prefecture: a 'pre-diocesan' missionary jurisdiction where the Catholic Church is not yet sufficiently developed to have it made a diocese.


termoset

thermosetting plastic
thermosetting plastic

(chemistry) thermoset, thermosetting plastic


uskup

From Malay uskup, from Arabic أُسْقُف (ʔusquf, “bishop”), from Coptic ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (episkopos), from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos). Doublet of biskop.


lahad

lahad-lahad (plural)
lahat (alternative)

Inherited from Malay lahad, from Arabic لَحْد (laḥd).

(Islam) niche (cavity, hollow, or recess)


persegi

pêrsêgi (canonical)
persegi-persegi (plural)

Inherited from Malay persegi, from Classical Malay persegi. Equivalent to per- + segi.

(geometry) square; a polygon with four sides of equal length and four right angles


persegi

Semantic loan from Dutch kwadraat (“squared”).

sl

Mereka hanya memiliki tanah seluas enam meter persegi.

They only own land as wide as six meters squared.

(algebra) squared; raised to the second power


penggawa

From Malay penggawa, from Classical Malay penggawa, from Sanskrit पुङ्गव (puṅgava, “hero; chief”).


gandaria

(botany) gandaria, plum mango, mango plum (Bouea macrophylla).

lavender blue:

lavender grey:


anfal

From Dutch aanval (“attack”), see cognate in German Anfall.

(medicine) attack: sudden onset of a disease, active episode of a chronic or recurrent disease.


sekolah laboratorium

Calque of English laboratory school, from sekolah (“school”) + laboratorium (“laboratory”).

compound

(education) laboratory school, an elementary or secondary school operated in association with a university, college, or other teacher education institution and used for the training of future teachers, educational experimentation, educational research, and professional development.


sekolah dasar

id-noun

sêkolah dasar (plural sekolah-sekolah dasar)

sêkolah dasar (canonical)
sekolah-sekolah dasar (plural)

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + dasar (“base”), a calque of Dutch basisschool.

elementary school (US), primary school (UK)


sekolah rakyat

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + rakyat (“people”), from calque from Japanese 國民學校(こくみんがっこう) (kokumingakkō, literally “people school”), from calque of German Volksschule (“primary school”, literally “people-school”). Cognate of Korean 국민학교 (gungminhakgyo).

calque

(education, obsolete) elementary school (US), primary school (UK)


tahun ajaran

Compound of tahun (“year”) + ajaran (“teaching”), literally "teaching year", calque of Dutch leerjaar (“teaching year”).


Nasrani

Inherited from Malay Nasrani, from Arabic نَصْرَانِيّ (naṣrāniyy, “Christian”).


imamah

From Arabic إِمَامَة (ʔimāma). Doublet of imamat.


Paskah

From Latin pascha (“Easter”), from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פסחא (paskha), from Hebrew פסח (pésakh).

(Christianity) Pascha, Passover, or Easter.


biksu

biku (alternative)
bikuni (alternative)
biksuni (alternative)

From Malay biksu, from Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣú, “mendicant”).

(Buddhism) bhikkhu, a Buddhist monk or priest; one who follows all Buddhist precepts as a full member of the sangha.


gerhana

From Malay gerhana, from Sanskrit ग्रहण (grahaṇa, “eclipse”).

(astronomy) eclipse, passage of a planetary object between others.


eklips

From Dutch eclips (“eclipse”), from Old French eclipse, from Latin eclīpsis, from Ancient Greek ἔκλειψις (ékleipsis, “eclipse”), from ἐκλείπω (ekleípō, “I abandon, go missing, vanish”), from ἐκ (ek, “out”) and λείπω (leípō, “I leave behind”).

(rare, astronomy) eclipse, passage of a planetary object between others.


perempatan

Affixed empat + per- -an, from Malay perempatan, from Javanese prapatan.


persimpangan

Affixed simpang + per- -an, from Malay persimpangan.


dading

From Dutch dading, from Middle Dutch dāghedinc, dādinc, dāghedinghe or dādinghe. Re-analysed in Dutch dag (“day”) + geding (“lawsuit”).

settlement agreement
settlement agreement#English

(law) out-of-court settlement agreement.


anggota

From Malay anggota, anggauta, from Classical Malay اڠڬوتا (anggota), اڠڬاوتا (anggauta), from Prakrit [Term?] (aṅga + *𑀳𑀼𑀢 (*huta)), from Sanskrit अङ्ग (aṅga, “member, a limb”) + भूत (bhūta, “person”, literally “living being”). Compare to Sanskrit अङ्गभूत (aṅgabhūta, “built-in”).


mintakat

From Malay mintakat, from Arabic مِنْطَقَة (minṭaqa).

(rare, geology, agroforestry, marine science, preservation) Synonym of zona (“zone”)

marine science; preservation; marine science; preservation


abiseka

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦧꦶꦱꦺꦏ (abiséka), from Old Javanese abhiṣeka, from Sanskrit अभिषेक (abhiṣeka, “sprinkling, watering, wetting; anointing, inaugurating or consecrating by sprinkling water; coronation, inauguration, installation; etc.”); compare Pali abhiseka (“anointing, consecration, inauguration”).

cog

(Hinduism) ceremony of watering, related to coronation, inauguration, installation; etc.


pasraman

Reconstructed as asrama + peng- -an, from Javanese pasraman (ꦥꦱꦿꦩꦤ꧀ (pasraman), “monastery, hermitage”), from Old Javanese pāśraman (“hermitage”). Cognate of Balinese pasrama (“boarding-house”).


upawasa

From Balinese upawasa, from Sanskrit उपवास (upavāsa, “fast”). Doublet of puasa.


awalan

(grammar, linguistic morphology) A morpheme added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning.

(telecommunications) A set of digits placed before a telephone number, to indicate where the number is based, what type of phone number it is.


akhiran

akhiran-akhiran (plural)
achiran (alternative)

* From Malay akhiran, from Classical Malay اخيران (akhiran, “finish”). Equivalent to akhir + -an.
* The sense “suffix” is a semantic loan from English suffix.


tempat tidur

id-noun

tempat tidur (plural tempat-tempat tidur)

tempat-tempat tidur (plural)
TT (alternative)

Comparable to Japanese 寝床(ねどこ) (nedoko, “bed”, literally “sleeping place”) and Dutch slaapplaats.


bahasa baku

head

bahasa baku (plural bahasa-bahasa baku, first-person possessive bahasa bakuku, second-person possessive bahasa bakumu, third-person possessive bahasa bakunya)

bahasa-bahasa baku (plural)
bahasa baku ku (first-person possessive)
bahasa baku mu (possessive second-person)
bahasa baku nya (possessive third-person)

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + baku (“standard”), calque of Dutch standaardtaal (“standard language”).

clq

Bahasa baku itu dianggap lebih baik daripada ragam bahasa yang lain.

It is assumed that the standard register is better than other language varieties.

Bahasa baku mendukung empat fungsi.

Standard language supports four functions.

Nadin menjelaskan bahwa dirinya kerap menggunakan bahasa baku dalam berbicara sehari-hari.

Nadin told that she usually uses the standard register in her day-to-day speech.

standard language
standard language#English

(sociolinguistics) standard language: A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most "correct" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes.


punggung

From Malay punggung. Cognate with Acehnese punggông and Sundanese tonggong.


pergelangan tangan

id-noun

pergelangan tangan (plural pergelangan-pergelangan tangan)


pergelangan kaki

pergelangan kaki (plural pergelangan-pergelangan kaki)


langit-langit

/ˈlä.ŋɪt̪̚ ˈlä.ŋɪt̪̚/

Reduplication of langit (“sky”), from Malay langit-langit.


tunang

(zoology) bluntnose snake eel (Ophichthus apicalis).


singgasana

From Malay singgahsana (“throne”), from Sanskrit सिंहासन (siṃhāsana, “throne”, literally “the lion's seat”). Equal to singa + asana.


elektrokardiograf

élèktrokardiograf (canonical)
elektrokardiograf-elektrokardiograf (plural)

Internationalism, from Dutch elektrocardiograaf. Analyzed as elektro- + kardio- + -graf.


isolek

(linguistics) isolect, idiom (neutral term between ‘language’ and ‘dialect’)


peraturan

Affixed atur + per- -an, inherited from Malay peraturan, from Classical Malay peraturan. Semantic loan from Dutch reglement for legal regulation sense.

(law) regulation: a type of law made by the executive branch of a government, usually as authorized by a statute made by the legislative branch giving the executive the authority to do so.


pelaku

pêlaku (canonical)
pelaku-pelaku (plural)

Affixed per- + laku. The sense of crime is a semantic loan from Dutch dader.

Pelaku penembakan masal telah diamankan.

The suspect of the mass shooting has been apprehended.

(law enforcement) suspect, culprit, perpetrator

(sociology) an individual engaging with the social structure.

(philosophy) agent performs for a purpose, that is guided by the person's intention.


bintara

From Sanskrit आभ्यन्तरः (ābhyantaraḥ, “interior officer”).

non-commissioned officer
non-commissioned officer


bhayangkara

Unadapted borrowing from Sanskrit भयङ्कर (bhayaṅkara, “fearful, falcon, owl”). Doublet of bayangkara.


remedi

rèmêdi (canonical)
remedi-remedi (plural)
rémédi (alternative)

Ultimately from Latin remedium.
* Via English remedy, from Middle English remedie, from Old French *remedie, remede.
* Via Dutch remedie, from Middle Dutch remedie, perhaps via Old French remedie.

(medicine) a medicine, application, or treatment that relieves or cures a disease.

(education) something that corrects or improve deficient skills in some subject.


hidrogen asetat

id-noun

hidrogèn asétat (plural hidrogen-hidrogen asetat)

hidrogèn asétat (canonical)
hidrogen-hidrogen asetat (plural)


asam asetat

→ Javanese: ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦲꦱꦺꦠꦠ꧀ (asem asétat)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) acetic acid


asam cuka

→ Javanese: ꦲꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦕꦸꦏ (asem cuka)

Compound of asam (“acid”) + cuka (“vinegar”).


asam amino

Compound of asam + amino, calque of Dutch aminozuur, from German Aminosäure.


acak

Bilangan acak


cakram

From Sanskrit चक्रम् (cakram), the singular declension of Sanskrit चक्र (cakra), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos. Doublet of cakra and siklus.


kamerad

kamêrad (canonical)
kamerad-kamerad (plural)

From Dutch kameraad, from French camarade, from Spanish camarada or Italian camerata, from Medieval Latin *camarata, from Latin camara, camera (“a chamber”). Doublet of kamar and kamera.

(communism) comrade (a fellow socialist, communist or other similarly politically aligned person)

a non-hierarchical title, functionally similar to "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Miss", "Ms." etc, in a communist or socialist state.


PPA

(healthcare, insurance) Acronym of profesional pemberi asuhan (“care provider professional”).


georadar

(mining) georadar, ground-penetrating radar


angsana

angsana-angsana (plural)
sana (alternative)

From Malay angsana, from Sanskrit असन (asana). Doublet of asana.

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual


satuan

From Malay satuan. Equivalent to satu + -an. Semantic loan from Dutch eenheid for science sense.

(sciences) a standard measure of a quantity.


konsistori

From Dutch consistorie, from Late Latin consistorium (“waiting room, meeting place of the imperial council”).

der

consistory,
(Christianity) church council.

(Catholicism) an assembly of prelates; a session of the college of cardinals at Rome.


Armeni

(obsolete) A person from Armenia or of Armenian descent; Armenian.


jemaah

jêmaah (canonical)
jemaah-jemaah (plural)

From Malay jemaah, from Arabic جَمَاعَة (jamāʕa). Doublet of jemaat.


tutur

Inherited from Malay tutur, from Proto-Malayic *tutur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutur (“to speak clearly and deliberately”). Compare Tagalog tutol (“objection, appeal”).

inh

(linguistics) parole: language in use, as opposed to language as a system.


jintan

jintan-jintan (plural)
jinten (alternative)

From Malay jintan, from Old Javanese jinten ~ ginten, from Hindi जीरा (jīrā, “cumin”), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀭𑀕 (jīraga), from Sanskrit जीरक (jīraka).


cetiya

Learned borrowing from Pali cetiya, from Sanskrit चैत्य (caitya).

(Buddhism) cetiya: places used by Buddhists to remember Gautama Buddha.


MPR

Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat
w:id:Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat

(government, politics) Initialism of Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat.


gaung

<i class="Latn mention" lang="id">gaung</i>

(computing) the displaying on the command line of the command that has just been executed.


lintasan

(Standard Malay)

(biochemistry) A sequence of biochemical compounds, and the reactions linking them, that describe a process in metabolism or catabolism.


lawazim

From Arabic لَوَازِم (lawāzim), plural form of لَازِم (lāzim). Doublet of lazim.


aliansi

From Dutch alliantie (“alliance”), from Middle Dutch alliancie, from Middle French alliance, from Old French aliance. Cognate of French alliance.

(politics) alliance:
the state of being allied.

(politics) alliance:
the act of allying or uniting.

a union or connection of interests between families, states, parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and states by compact, treaty, or league.

any union resembling that of families or states; union by relationship in qualities; affinity.


bidak

From Malay bidak, from Arabic بَيْدَق (baydaq, “pawn in chess”). Doublet of piadah.


selamatkan

(theology) to redeem or protect someone from eternal damnation


FIP

(education) Initialism of fakultas ilmu pendidikan.


MBO

mati batang otak
mati batang otak#Indonesian

(neurology) Initialism of mati batang otak (“brainstem death”).


KU

(healthcare) Initialism of keadaan umum (“general appearance”).

(healthcare) Initialism of kondisi umum (“general appearance”).


lampiran

Affixed lampir + -an, from Malay lampiran (“appendix”).
* Semantic loan from English attachment for computer sense.

Gambar peniti kecil di samping status email menunjukkan masih ada lampiran yang belum Anda buka loh!

Jika Anda tidak mengenal orang yang mengirimi Anda lampiran dalam emailnya, jangan buka lampiran tersebut.

(computing) a file sent along with an email.

attachment
a file sent along with an email.


perlembagaan

Affixed lembaga + per- -an, from Malay perlembagaan.

(archaic, law) constitution: the formal or informal system of primary principles and laws that regulates a government or other institutions.


buku teks

Compound of buku (“book”) + teks (“text”), calque of English textbook.


ujian

ujian-ujian (plural)
oedjian (alternative)
udjian (alternative)

Affixed uji + -an, inherited from Malay ujian.

(education) examination: A formal test involving answering written or oral questions under a time constraint and usually without access to textbooks; typically, a large, written test administered to high school and college students covering course material studied in a semester.


jelata

* From Sanskrit जनता (janatā, “people, folk, generation”).
* After infixed by *jata + -el-, from Sanskrit जात (jāta, “birth, origin, race”). Doublet of jadi, jata, and jati.


aktivisme

aktivismê (canonical)
aktivisme-aktivisme (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch activisme (“activism”). Reconstructed as aktif + -isme.

bor+

(politics) the practice of using action to achieve a result, such as political demonstration or a strike in support of or in opposition to an issue.

(art) the medium of visual art as a method of social or political commentary utilization.


laksana

Inherited from Malay laksana, from Sanskrit लक्षण (lakṣaṇa, “characteristic, trait”).
* The senses of action, doing, performing are semantic loan from Old Javanese lakṣaṇa (“action, doing”), from the same Sanskrit word.

sl

(archaeology) the characteristic of a statue.


terhukum

head

têrhukum (plural terhukum-terhukum, first-person possessive terhukumku, second-person possessive terhukummu, third-person possessive terhukumnya)

têrhukum (canonical)
terhukum-terhukum (plural)
terhukumku (first-person possessive)
terhukummu (possessive second-person)
terhukumnya (possessive third-person)


agnostisisme

From Dutch agnosticisme, from French agnosticisme, from English agnosticism.


avionika

Borrowed from Dutch avionica (“avionics”).

bor+

the science and technology of the development and use of electrical and electronic devices in aviation.

(aviation) avionics:
the devices used in avionics.


turunan

Affixed turun (“descent”) + -an, inherited from Malay turunan, from, Classical Malay turunan (“descendant”). The sense “derivative” is a semantic loan from English derivative.

descent
Lineage or hereditary derivation

(calculus) The derived function of a function (the slope at a certain point on some curve f(x)).

(calculus) The value of this function for a given value of its independent variable.

(chemistry) A chemical derived from another.

derivative:
A chemical derived from another.

(linguistics) A word that derives from another one.

derivative:
A word that derives from another one.

(calculus) differential: an infinitesimal change in a variable, or the result of differentiation.


kemiringan

kêmiringan (canonical)
kemiringan-kemiringan (plural)

(mathematics) gradient, slope: a line is a number that describes both the direction and the steepness of the line.

(geology) dip: The angle from horizontal of a planar geologic surface, such as a fault line.


percepatan

(classical mechanics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).

(Standard Malay)

(education) the advancement of students at a rate that places them ahead of where they would be in the regular school curriculum.


kuasa

From Malay kuasa, ke- + *wasa, from Javanese ꦏꦸꦮꦱ (kuwasa), ꦏꦮꦱ (kawasa), from Old Javanese kawaśa, from Sanskrit वश (vaśa, “authority, power, control, dominion”).

der

(statistics) the probability that a statistical test will reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

(physics) force (anything that has the power to produce a physical effect)


dakwa

From Malay dakwa, from Arabic دَعْوَى (daʕwā).


Yeremia

Borrowed from Dutch Jeremia, from Latin Jeremias, from Ancient Greek Ἰερεμίας (Ieremías), from Biblical Hebrew יִרְמְיָה.

(Christianity, Judaism) Jeremiah (book of the Bible)


kepala sekolah

kêpala sêkolah (canonical)
kepsek (alternative)

Compound of kepala (“head”) + sekolah (“school”), calque of Dutch schoolhoofd (“headteacher, principal”, literally “school head”).


uskup agung

Compound of uskup + agung. Attested before 1964.


kata hubung

Inherited from Malay kata hubung, from kata (“word”) + hubung (”to connect”). Equivalent to kata + hubung.

conjunction (a word used to join other words or phrases together into sentences, with the meaning used to show how the two joined parts are related)


kontak

From Dutch contact (compare Afrikaans kontak), from French contact, from Latin contactus.

(medicine) association with a patient with a contagious disease (and so the contacted person may carry the infection).

(Standard Malay)

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) a device designed for repetitive connections.


pustu

(healthcare) Acronym of puskesmas pembantu (“health station”).


kawasan

Inherited from Malay kawasan, from Classical Malay kawasan (“area”), from Javanese ꦏꦮꦱꦤ꧀ (kawasan, “authorised area”), from Old Javanese kawaśan (“dominion”), from Sanskrit वश (vaśa, “authority, power, control, dominion”). Equivalent to kuasa + -an.

der

, rantau (Standard Malay)

(geography) region: Any considerable and connected part of a space or surface; specifically, a tract of land or sea of considerable but indefinite extent; a country; a district; in a broad sense, a place without special reference to location or extent but viewed as an entity for geographical, social or cultural reasons.


lajur

(road transport) lane (a lengthwise division of roadway intended for a single line of vehicles)


menurunkan

turun (root)
menuruni (active locative)
terturuni (locative)
dituruni (locative passive)
turuni (locative)
turunilah (locative)
menurunkan (active)
terturunkan
diturunkan (passive)
turunkan
turunkanlah
memperturun (active causative)
terperturun (active causative)
diperturun (active causative passive)
perturunkan (active causative)
perturunlah (active causative)
memperturuni (active causative locative)
terperturuni (causative locative)
diperturuni (causative locative passive)
perturuni (causative locative)
perturunilah (causative locative)
memperturunkan (active causative)
terperturunkan (causative)
diperturunkan (causative passive)
perturunkan (causative)
perturunkanlah (causative)

From Malay menurunkan,
from Classical Malay menurunkan. Equivalent to
turun + meng- -kan.


warganet

Blend of warga (citizen) + internet (internet), calque of English netizen.

blend

(computing) A member of the community of Internet users; netizen.


tumbuhan air

Compound of tumbuhan (“tree”) + air (“water”)

(botany) hydrophyte (a plant that lives in water)


daun buah

(botany) carpel, one of the individual female reproductive organs in a flower.


absolusi

→ Malay: absolusi

From Dutch absolutie (“absolution”), from Middle Dutch absolucie, from Latin absolūtiō.

(Catholicism) absolution, absolving or setting free from guilt, sin or penalty; forgiveness of an offense.


devosi

dévosi (canonical)
devosi-devosi (plural)

From Dutch devotie, from Middle Dutch devotie, from Old French devotion, from Latin dēvōtiō.

(Catholicism) devotion, religious veneration, zeal, or piety.


ekaristi

èkaristi (canonical)
ekaristi-ekaristi (plural)
Ekaristi (alternative)

From Dutch eucharistie, from Old French, from Ecclesiastical Latin eucharistia, from Ancient Greek εὐχαριστία (eukharistía, “gratitude, giving of thanks”).

der

sakramen ekaristi
sakramen ekaristi#Indonesian

(Christianity) Ellipsis of sakramen ekaristi (“The Christian sacrament of Holy Communion”).


ensiklik

énsiklik (canonical)
ensiklik-ensiklik (plural)

From Dutch encycliek (“encyclical”), from Latin encyclicus (“circular, encyclical”), from Ancient Greek ἐγκύκλιος (enkúklios, “circular, general”), from ἐν- (en-) + κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”).

(Catholicism) encyclical, a papal letter delivered to bishops in the Roman Catholic Church.


episkopal

èpiskopal (canonical)
episkopal-episkopal (plural)

From Dutch episcopaal, from French épiscopal, from Latin episcopālis (“episcopal”), from episcopus (“bishop”), from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”).

(Catholicism) episcopal, relating to a bishop and/or to the episcopate


kanonis

(Catholicism) canonical, in conformity with canon law.

(mathematics, linguistics) In canonical form.


firaun

From Malay firaun, borrowed from Arabic فرعون (firʕawn), possibly from Classical Syriac ܦܪܥܘܢ (perʿūn) and Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (parʿōh), ultimately from Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ.


Habil

From Malay Habil, from Arabic هَابِيل (hābīl).


laher

From Dutch lager (“bearing”), from German Lager.


tustel

tustèl (canonical)
tustel-tustel (plural)


wilapa

From Sanskrit विलाप (vilāpa, “lamentation”).


resusitasi

résusitasi (canonical)
resusitasi-resusitasi (plural)

From English resuscitation, from Middle English resuscitacion, from Old French ressuscitacion and Latin resuscitātio.


reanimasi

réanimasi (canonical)
reanimasi-reanimasi (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch reanimatie (“resuscitation”), from French réanimation.


ratu drama

* From Calque of English drama queen.
* From ratu (“queen”) + drama (“drama”).

drama queen, a exaggeratedly dramatic person.


disposisi

Borrowed from Dutch dispositie (“disposition”).

(medicine) the tendency or inclination under given circumstances; temperamental makeup or habitual mood.


efek

From Dutch effect (“effect, negotiable instrument”), from Old French effect (modern French effet), from Latin effectus (“an effect, tendency, purpose”), from efficiō (“accomplish, complete, effect”). Cognate of Afrikaans effek.

der

(finance) A tradeable financial asset, such as a share of stock; security

negotiable instrument
negotiable instrument

(economics, finance) negotiable instrument


benteng

bèntèng (canonical)
benteng-benteng (plural)

From Malay benteng.
* The sense “bulwark” is a semantic loan from Javanese bètèng.
* The sense in chess is a semantic loan from Dutch kasteel (“rook (dated)”, literally “castle”).

sl

(sports) children's games are carried out in two groups by each group forming a fort (in the form of poles, stones, etc.) and trying to protect the fort from enemy attacks.


air terjun

From Malay air terjun, from Classical Malay اءير ترجون (air terjun). From air (“water”) + terjun (“to dive, to jump from a high place”).

compound

waterfall (flow of water over the edge of a cliff)


ketumbar

From Malay ketumbar, from Tamil கொத்தமல்லி (kottamalli), from Sanskrit कुस्तुम्बरी (kustumbarī). Cognate of Cebuano and Chavacano katumbal.

Coriandrum sativum
Coriandrum sativum#Translingual

(cooking) the annual herb Coriandrum sativum, used in many cuisines.

(cooking) the dried fruits thereof, used as a spice.


daun ketumbar

Compound of daun (“leaf”) + ketumbar (“coriander”), from Malay daun ketumbar

(cooking) cilantro (leaves of the coriander plant)


gulai

From Malay gulai. Probably from Tamil குழை (kuḻai, “to become soft, well cooked”).

der

(cooking) gulai: a type of food containing rich, spicy and succulent curry-like sauce.


boorwater

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch boorwater.


burgerlijk wetboek

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch Burgerlijk Wetboek (“civil code”).


klinis

proscribed Indonesian (alternative)
Standard Malay (alternative)

From Dutch klinisch (“clinical”). Cognate German klinisch.


diakones

diakonês (canonical)
diakones-diakones (plural)

From Dutch diacones, from French diaconesse, ultimately from Latin diaconissa.

(Christianity, Protestantism) female deacon, with duties of helping the priests and carrying out parish work.


CBSA

(education) Initialism of cara belajar siswa aktif.


akar rumput

Compound of akar (“root(s)”) + rumput (“grass”), calque of English grass roots.

(figurative, politics) grass roots: of, or relating to people or society at the local level, particularly in politics, social movements, etc.


aktivis

(politics) activist, one who is politically active in the role of a citizen; especially, one who campaigns for change.


autokrasi

By surface analysis, auto- + -krasi, from Dutch autocratie, from Byzantine Greek αὐτοκρατία (autokratía, “A system of government by one person with absolute power”).


akta mengajar

id-noun

akta mengajar (plural akta-akta mengajar)

Compound of akta (“certificate”) + mengajar (“teaching”), calque of Dutch akte van bekwaamheid (literally “certificate of competence”).

calque

(education) teaching certificate; teaching qualification.


aliah

From Arabic علية (ʕaliyya, “high, tall”).

(Islam, education) Islamic modern senior high school (US) or upper secondary school (UK).


asesmen

asèsmên (canonical)
asesmen-asesmen (plural)

(Standard Malay)

(education) the systematic process of documenting and using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning

(healthcare, medicine, psychiatry, psychology) identifies needs of the patient or client and how those needs will be addressed.


koneksi

konèksi (canonical)
koneksi-koneksi (plural)

From Dutch connectie (“connection”), from French connexion, from Latin cōnexiō.

connection.
(computing) an established link.


lokalisasi

Borrowed from Dutch lokalisatie. By surface analysis, lokal + -isasi.

software engineering
software engineering

(software engineering) the act, process, or result of making a product suitable for use in a particular country or region

(translation studies, chiefly software, marketing) the act, process, or result of adapting translated text to fit a local culture; domestication


lokalisasi

head

lokalisasi (active melokalisasi, passive dilokalisasi, perfective passive terlokalisasi)

melokalisasi (active)
dilokalisasi (passive)
terlokalisasi (passive perfective)
lokalisir (alternative)

(software engineering, marketing, transitive) to adapt (a product or service) for use in a particular country or region, typically by translating text into the language of that country and modifying currencies, date formats, etc

(translation studies, chiefly software) to adapt translated text to fit a local culture; to domesticate


sijil

From Malay sijil, from Arabic سِجِلّ (sijill, “register, registry, record, list, log”), from Byzantine Greek σιγίλλιον, σιγίλλον (sigíllion, sigíllon), ultimately from Latin sigillum (“little sign”). Doublet of segel.

der

σιγίλλιον, σιγίλλον


sarjana

From Sanskrit सज्जन (sajjana, “gentleman, virtuous man”). Compare to Javanese ꦱꦂꦗꦤ (sarjana, “scholar”) and Old Javanese sajjana (“scholar”). The change of cluster ⟨rj⟩ from ⟨jj⟩ probably reflect hypercorrection, see conversion between Sanskrit and Pali forms.
* Sense of bachelor and baccalaureate is a semantic loan from Dutch baccalaureus (“bachelor”). Compare to Chinese 學士／学士 (xuéshì, “bachelor”, literally “scholar; literati”).

zh-l

(education) bachelor's degree, baccalaureate: the first or lowest academic degree conferred by universities and colleges.

(education) graduate with bachelor's degree


sarjana muda

id-noun

sarjana muda (plural sarjana-sarjana muda)

Compound of sarjana (“bachelor”) + muda (“young, junior”)

compound

(education) associate's degree: an academic degree awarded after the equivalent of approximately two years of college education, usually by community colleges.


pascasarjana

Compound of pasca- (“after”) + sarjana (“bachelor's degree”), from calque of English postgraduate.


langsir

From Dutch rangeer, the present tense 1st person singular form of rangeren, from French ranger, rang, from Old French renc, reng, ranc, rang, from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krengʰ-, extended nasalized form of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). The rail transport sense was a semantic loan from German rangieren in Dutch. Doublet of ring.

der

(rail transport) to shunt, to move a train from one track to another, or to move carriages, etc. from one train to another.


beranang

bêranang (canonical)
beranang-beranang (plural)

beranang:

madder red: a deep reddish colour, like that of the dye.


kumbara

From Ottoman Turkish خمبره (kumbara), from Classical Persian خمباره (xumbāra, “an earthenware box, a small jar; a bombshell”).


brankar

From Dutch brancard, from French brancard.

Seorang tenaga kesehatan lengkap dengan APD bersama dengan brankar atau ranjang dorong bersiaga di luar gedung.

A healthcare worker with PPE and a stretcher is on alert outside the building.


parlemen

parlêmèn (canonical)
parlemen-parlemen (plural)
parlimen (alternative)

→ Tetum: parlamén

From Dutch parlement, from Middle Dutch parlement, from Old French parlement.


sekolah ambah

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + ambah (“masonry”), partial calque of Dutch ambachtsschool.

(education, historical) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK) level vocational school.


edukasi

èdukasi (canonical)
edukasi-edukasi (plural)

From Dutch educatie (“education”). Cognate to Tagalog edukasyon, Tok Pisin edukesen, and Malay edukesyen.


sekolah rendah

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + rendah (“low”), from Malay sekolah rendah, from Dutch lagere school.


sepuit

sêpuit (canonical)
sepuit-sepuit (plural)
spet (alternative)
spuit (alternative)


oktroi

From Dutch octrooi (“patent”), from Middle Dutch octroy, possibly from Latin auctōrō, auctor. Compare to French octroi (“grant; concession”).


spoelhoek

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch spoel (“rinse”) + hoek (“corner”).

(medicine) service sink, a deep sink, usually set low, esp. used for emptying pails of dirty water.


kasmaran

From Malay kasmaran,
from Classical Malay kasmaran, from Javanese ꦏꦱ꧀ꦩꦫꦤ꧀ (kasmaran). Equivalent to asmara + ke- -an.

(literary) to be lovestruck, to be madly in love.


stopkontak

(electricity) an electrical socket, an outlet.


taman kanak-kanak

id-noun

taman kanak-kanak (plural taman-taman kanak-kanak)

taman-taman kanak-kanak (plural)
TKK (alternative)
TK (alternative)

Compound of taman + kanak-kanak, from calque of German Kindergarten (“kindergarten”, literally “garden of children”).


madrasah ibtidaiah

id-noun

madrasah ibtidaiah (plural madrasah-madrasah ibtidaiah)

madrasah-madrasah ibtidaiah (plural)
madrasah ibtidaiyah (alternative)
MI (alternative)

From madrasah + ibtidaiah, from Arabic اَلْمَدْرَسَة اَلاِبْتِدَائِيَّة (al-madrasa(t) al-ibtidāʔiyya) as اِبْتِدَائِيَّة (ibtidāʔiyya, “primary, elementary”) + مَدْرَسَة (madrasa).

der

اَلْمَدْرَسَة اَلاِبْتِدَائِيَّة

compound

اِبْتِدَائِيَّة

(Islam, education) elementary school (US), primary school (UK)


bagian

bagian-bagian (plural)
bahagian (alternative)

From Malay bagian, a variant of the standard bahagian. Equivalent to bagi + -an.
* The sense “duty” is a semantic loan from English part.
* The sense “subdivision” is a semantic loan from Dutch sectie.
* The sense “fate” is a semantic loan from Arabic نَصِيب (naṣīb, “destiny”, literally “portion”).
The superseded spelling bahagian was used as translation of Japanese 部(ぶ) (bu, “department”) during the Japanese occupation.

semantic loan

(music) The melody played or sung by a particular instrument, voice, or group of instruments or voices, within a polyphonic piece.


bank sentral

Compound of bank + sentral (“central”), calque of Dutch centrale bank (“central bank”).


nakhoda

nakhoda-nakhoda (plural)
nakoda (alternative)
nangkoda (alternative)
nahkoda (alternative)

From Malay nakhoda (“captain”), from Persian ناخدا (nâxodâ).

(nautical, military) shipmaster, captain

(nautical) The captain of a merchant ship; a master mariner; master.


sekring

sékring (canonical)
sekring-sekring (plural)

From Dutch zekering (“fuse”), from German Sicherung.

(electrical engineering) fuse, a device to prevent overloading of a circuit.


Ibrani

From Malay Ibrani, from Arabic عِبْرَانِي (ʕibrānī).

der

Arabic عِبْرَانِي (ʕibrānī)

(biblical) Jude: The second last book of the New Testament of the Bible.


celengan

cèlèngan (canonical)
celengan-celengan (plural)

[t͡ʃɛˈlɛŋan]

Affixed celeng (“wild boar, pig”) + -an (“similar to”), from Javanese ꦕꦺꦭꦺꦔꦤ꧀ (cèlèngan).

suf

piggy bank: A small container, sometimes in the form of a pig, to store small saved coins in. Often the "bank" must be broken open to retrieve the contents.


baskara

From Sanskrit भास्कर (bhāskara, “sun”, literally “maker of light”).


klausul

From Dutch clausule (“clause”), from Middle Dutch clausule, from Latin clausula. Compare to Afrikaans klousule.

(law) clause: an individually designated provision in a contract, regulation or statute.


PPK

(government) Initialism of program pengembangan kecamatan.

pejabat pembuat komitmen
pejabat pembuat komitmen#Indonesian

(business, government, management) Initialism of pejabat pembuat komitmen.

panitia pemilihan kecamatan
panitia pemilihan kecamatan#Indonesian

(politics) Initialism of panitia pemilihan kecamatan.

(education) Initialism of penguatan pendidikan karakter.

pusat pelayanan kawasan
pusat pelayanan kawasan#Indonesian

(government) Initialism of pusat pelayanan kawasan.

pejabat pembina kepegawaian
pejabat pembina kepegawaian#Indonesian

(government, management) Initialism of pejabat pembina kepegawaian.

petugas pelayanan kereta
petugas pelayanan kereta#Indonesian

(rail transport) Initialism of petugas pelayanan kereta.

panduan praktik klinis
panduan praktik klinis#Indonesian

(healthcare) Initialism of panduan praktik klinis (“clinical practice guideline”).


takraw

From Malay takraw, borrowed from Thai ตะกร้อ (dtà-grɔ̂ɔ). Attested before 1951.

(sports) a rattan ball used in the game sepak takraw


telepon genggam

Compound of telepon (“phone”) + genggam (“handheld”). Compare to Japanese 携帯電話 (keitaidenwa, “mobile phone”, literally “handheld telephone”), Korean 휴대전화 (hyudaejeonhwa, “mobile phone”, literally “handheld telephone”).


Maulana

Ultimately from Arabic مَوْلَانَا (mawlānā).


kosakata

Calque of Dutch woordenschat (“vocabulary”, literally “word treasure”) as kosa + kata (“word”). The word kosa is from Sanskrit कोश (kośa, “dictionary, lexicon, vocabulary, treasury, store”).

der

...kosakata Indonesia tjukuplah orang membandingkan ,,Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia„ tahun 1952 buatan W. J. S. Poerwadarminta dengan sebuah kamus buatan sebelum perang (misalnja kamus Klinkert atau Van Ronkel).

1957, Tardjan Hadidjaja, Asas-asas pendidikan bahasa ibu bagi anak Djawa, Ganaco:


kitab suci

From kitab (“book, scripture”) + suci (“holy, sacred”).

compound

(religion) holy book, sacred writing, scripture.


kitab undang-undang hukum pidana

id-noun

kitab undang-undang hukum pidana (plural kitab-kitab undang-undang hukum pidana)

kitab-kitab undang-undang hukum pidana (plural)
KUHP (alternative)

Compound of kitab (“book”) + undang-undang (“law, act”) + hukum (“law”) + pidana (“criminal, penal”), calque of Dutch wetboek van strafrecht (“criminal code”, literally “lawbook of criminal law”).

calque

(law) criminal code, penal code (Indonesia).


syahadat

From Malay syahadat,
from Classical Malay syahadat, from Arabic شَهَادَات (šahādāt).

der

Arabic شَهَادَات (šahādāt)

Syahadat Rasul

(Islam) shahada, the basic Islamic creed.

creed.
shahada, the basic Islamic creed.

Syahadat Para Rasul

Syahadat Nikea Konstantinopel

creed.
(Catholicism) the liturgical creed


Pebruari

(nonstandard) Nonstandard spelling of Februari.


koroner

koronèr (canonical)
koroner-koroner (plural)
koronari (alternative)

From Dutch coronair, from French coronaire, from Latin corōnārius.

(anatomy) coronary (pertaining to the coronary veins or arteries)


angsio

(cooking) a cooking style in which fish or meat is brazed in soy sauce


bujet

bujèt (canonical)
bujet-bujet (plural)
bajet (alternative)

Probably via Dutch budget, ultimately from English budget, from Middle English bogett, bouget, bowgette (“leather pouch”), from Old French bougette, the diminutive of bouge (“leather bag, wallet”).

(Standard Malay)


mancanegara

mancanêgara (canonical)
mancanegara-mancanegara (plural)

Affixed manca- + negara, from Javanese ꦩꦚ꧀ꦕꦤꦒꦫ (mancanagara, “outer provinces; overseas”), from Old Javanese mañcanagara, from Sanskrit मञ्च (mañca, “throne”) + नगर (nagara, “town, city”).


Orde Baru

(historical, Indonesian politics) New Order, the political regime in Indonesia under Suharto


dokumen

dokumèn (canonical)
dokumen-dokumen (plural)

→ Tetum: dokumén

From Dutch document, from Latin documentum.

document.
(computing) a file that contains text.

(information science) an object conveying information by whatever means, capable of being indexed alongside other similar objects.


inventaris

inventaris-inventaris (plural)
inventori (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch inventaris (“inventory”), from Late Latin inventārium, from Latin inveniō (“to find out”).

bor+

(business, management) The stock of an item on hand at a particular location or business.

(business, management) A detailed list of all of the items on hand.


prasmanan

Possibly borrowed via Betawi, analysed as *prasman + -an.
The reconstructed lexeme *prasman is, in turn, possibly a borrowing from Dutch Fransman (“Frenchman”). Alluding to service à la française, from which the buffet is derived.


zat air

Compound of zat (“substance”) + air (“water”), calque of Dutch waterstof.


rumah tahanan

id-noun

rumah tahanan (plural rumah-rumah tahanan)

rumah-rumah tahanan (plural)
roemah tahanan (alternative)
rutan (alternative)

Compound of rumah (“house”) + tahanan (“prison, inmate”), calque of Dutch gevangenhuis (“prison”). Compare with Japanese 牢屋 (“prison”, literally “prison house”) or 獄屋 (“prison”, literally “prison house”).

noncog

Roemah sakit jang lama di Semarang bakal dirombak djadi roemah tahanan orang gila.

(law) detention center or centre; prison.


perwira

pêrwira (canonical)
perwira-perwira (plural)

From Malay perwira, from Malay perwira (“hero; brave”), from Sanskrit प्रवीर (pravīra). Doublet of prawira.


opsir

From Dutch officier, from Middle Dutch officier (“official”), from Old French officier, from Latin officiārius.


sutradara

From Sanskrit सूत्रधार (sūtradhāra, literally “thread-holder”).


buku harian

Compound of buku (“book”) + harian (“daily”), partial calque of Dutch dagboek (“diary”, literally “day book”).

partial calque

Dalam proses akuntansinya juga sama, yaitu dimulai dari analisis dokumen, kemudian pencatatan dalam buku harian, klasifikasi dan peringkasan lewat buku besar dan buku tambahan; kemudian diakhiri dengan penyusunan laporan keuangan.

2020, Buku Govermental Accounting (Akuntansi Pemerintahan), Deepublish, →ISBN, page 21:

The accounting process is the same, starting with document analysis, then recording in a journal, classification and summarisation through ledgers and supplementary books; then ending with the preparation of financial statements.

(accounting) a chronological record of payments or receipts.


praja

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦿꦗ (praja, “kingdom, realm; court; capital city”), from Old Javanese prajā (“all subjects, country, realms”), from Sanskrit प्रजा (prajā, “subject of a king, rule”).


setip

sêtip (canonical)
setip-setip (plural)
step (alternative)

From Dutch stuip (“convulsion”). Doublet of step.


sekop

From Dutch schop (“shovel”), from Middle Dutch schoppe, from Old Dutch *skuppa, from Proto-Germanic *skupjō.

(card games) a playing card marked with the symbol ♠.


swapraja

From swa- (“self”) + praja (“city, town”, literally “realm; court”), calque of Dutch zelfbestuur. First attested in the Federal Constitution of 1949.

prefix

(historical, government) autonomous area.


duta besar

duta bêsar (canonical)
dubes (alternative)

Compound of duta (“representative”) + besar (“great”).


kolegium

* Learned borrowing from Latin collegium. Doublet of kolese.
* Semantic loan from English college.

Kolegium Ilmu Penyakit Dalam

(medicine) college, a group sharing common purposes or goals, especially academic institution.


asmaradahana

(highly poetic, literary) amorous fire, the flame of love


kumba

From Sanskrit कुम्भ (kumbha, “jar, pitcher”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kʰumbʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kʰumbʰás. Doublet of kom.

(astrology, astronomy) The sign of the zodiac Aquarius.


birama

From Sanskrit विराम (virāma, “termination, stop”).

der

A vertical line across a musical staff dividing written music into sections, typically of equal durational value.

(music) bar.
One of those musical sections.


wiwaha

From Balinese ᬯᬶᬯᬵᬳ (wiwaha), from Old Javanese wiwāha, from Sanskrit विवाह (vivāha).

(Hinduism) Synonym of pernikahan (“marriage, wedding”)


Rizky

a male given name from Arabic: alternative spelling of Rizki


UAS

ulangan akhir semester
ulangan akhir semester#Indonesian

(education) initialism of ulangan akhir semester.

ujian akhir semester
ujian akhir semester#Indonesian

(education) initialism of ujian akhir semester (“semester final examination”).


Airawata

(Hinduism) Airavata, the name of the mythological white elephant, mount of Indra.


indraloka

From Sanskrit इन्द्रलोक (indraloka, “svarga, paradise”, literally “world of Indra”), from इन्द्र (indra) + लोक (loka).


pesantian

pêsantian (canonical)
pesantian-pesantian (plural)

Circumfixed santi + peng- -an, from Sanskrit शान्ति (śānti, “peace, tranquility, quiet, ease”).

(Hinduism) nonformal learning institution.


Syiwa

From Sanskrit शिव (śivá, “the auspicious one”).


sekulir

sêkulir (canonical)
sekulir-sekulir (plural)

From Dutch seculier (“secular”), from French séculaire, from Latin saecularis (“of the age”), from saeculum. Doublet of sekuler.

(Catholicism) secular, a secular ecclesiastic, or one not bound by monastic rules.


sekuler

sèkulèr (canonical)
sekular (alternative)

From Dutch seculair (“secular”), from French séculaire, from Latin saecularis (“of the age”), from saeculum. Doublet of sekulir.

(astronomy) relating to long-term non-periodic irregularities.


katekumen

katêkumên (canonical)
katekumen-katekumen (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch catechumeen or Ecclesiastical Latin catēchūmenus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κατηχούμενος (katēkhoúmenos, “being instructed”), present participle passive of κατηχέω (katēkhéō, “sound through, instruct orally, catechise”), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἠχή (ēkhḗ, “sound”).

κατηχούμενος


komuni

From Dutch communie (“communion”), from Middle Dutch communie, from Old French communion, from Ecclesiastical Latin commūniō (“communion”), from Latin commūnis.


monsinyur

monsinyur-monsinyur (plural)
monseigneur (alternative)

From Dutch monseigneur, from French monseigneur.


rekoleksi

rékolèksi (canonical)
rekoleksi-rekoleksi (plural)

Affixed re- + koleksi, from Dutch recollectie, from French récollection or the verb recollect, both from Latin recollectus, the past participle of recolligere (“to collect again”), itself from re- + colligere (“to gather”).

(Catholicism) recollection, a spiritual retreat.


rekuiem

rékuiém (canonical)
rekuiem-rekuiem (plural)

From Dutch requiem, from the first word of the introit for the traditional requiem mass, an alternative accusative case of Latin requiēs (“rest, repose”), from re- (“again”) + quiēs (“rest, quiet”).

(Catholicism) requiem, mass to honor and remember a dead person.


sakramentalia

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin sacrāmentālia, from sacrāmentālis, from sacrāmentum, from Latin sacrō, from sacer.

bor+

(Roman Catholicism) sacramentals (objects or actions which spiritually aid their faithful users)


sakrilegi

sakrilégi (canonical)
sakrilegi-sakrilegi (plural)

From Dutch sacrilegie, from Old French sacrilege, from Latin sacrilegium, from sacrilegus (“sacrilegious”), from phrase sacrum legere, from sacrum (from sacer (“sacred, holy”)) + legō (“gather; take, steal”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- and *leǵ-.

(Catholicism) sacrilege: desecration, profanation, misuse or violation of something regarded as sacred..


vikaris

From Dutch vicaris, from Latin vicārius (“vicarious, substitute”).


adven

From Dutch advent, from Latin adventus (“arrival, approach”).

The first or the expected second coming of Christ.

The period or season of the Christian church year between Advent Sunday and Christmas.


Almasih

عِيسَى عيسى#Arabic

Isa, عِيسَى (ʕīsā).


atonemen

atonèmên (canonical)
atonemen-atonemen (plural)

(Christianity) atonement, the reconciliation of God and mankind through the death of Jesus.


denominasi

dénominasi (canonical)
denominasi-denominasi (plural)

From Dutch denominatie, from Latin dēnōminātiō.

(finance) a unit in a series of units of weight, money, etc.

(Christianity, Protestantism) a sect or religious subgroup.

denomination,
a sect or religious subgroup.


doksologi

From Medieval Latin doxologia, from Ancient Greek δοξολογία (doxología, “a praising”), from δοξολόγος (doxológos, “giving or uttering praise”), from δόξα (dóxa, “glory, honor, repute”), from δοκεῖν (dokeîn, “to think, expect”).


haleluya

From Dutch halleluja, haleloeja, from Biblical Hebrew הַלְלוּיָהּ (hal'luyáh, “Praise Yah”).

haleluyah (alternative)
alleluya (alternative)

(Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) hallelujah.


jemaat

jêmaat (canonical)
jemaat-jemaat (plural)

From Arabic جَمَاعَات (jamāʕāt), plural form of جَمَاعَة (jamāʕa, “congregation”). Doublet of jemaah.

Arabic جَمَاعَات (jamāʕāt)


katakomba

From Dutch catacombe, from French catacombe, from Late Latin catacumbas, name of the underground cemetery of St. Sebastian in Rome, dissimilation of cata- (“among”) + tumbas, from Ancient Greek κατά (katá, “under”) + τύμβος (túmbos, “swell”).


klasis

From Dutch classis, from Latin classis. Doublet of kelas.

(Protestantism) a supracongregational, regional executive body, intermediate in size or rank between the consistory of an individual congregation and a provincial synod.


kolekte

kolèktê (canonical)
kolekte-kolekte (plural)

From Dutch collecte, from French collecte, from Latin collecta.

(Christianity) offertory, a collection of alms from the congregation.


misionaris

From Dutch missionaris, from French missionnaire. The sense “missionary position” is a semantic loan from English missionary.

(Christianity, Roman Catholicism) a person who travels attempting to spread a religion or a creed.


kalkir

From Dutch calqueer, from French calquer, from Italian calcare, from Latin calcāre.


presbiterium

présbitérium (canonical)
presbiterium-presbiterium (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin presbyterium, from Ancient Greek πρεσβῠτέριον (presbŭtérion).

der

πρεσβῠτέριον


abdusen

abdusên (canonical)
abdusen-abdusen (plural)

From English abducent, from Latin abducō (“to lead away”).


adusen

adusén (canonical)
adusen-adusen (plural)

(anatomy) adducent, related to the muscles of the body which pull one part towards another.


acala

Affixed a- + *cala, from Sanskrit अचल (acala, “immovable”, literally “mountain, rock”).


artefak

artêfak (canonical)
artefak-artefak (plural)
artifak (alternative)

From Dutch artefact, from Latin arte (“by skill”) + factum (“thing made”).

compound

(anthropology) an object made or shaped by human hand or labor;

(anthropology) something viewed as a product of human agency or conception rather than an inherent element.

(archaeology) an object, such as a tool, ornament, or weapon of archaeological or historical interest, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation.

a finding or structure in an experiment or investigation that is not a true feature of the object under observation, but is a result of external action, the test arrangement, or an experimental error.

(anatomy, cytology) an appearance or structure in protoplasm due to death, the method of preparation of specimens, or the use of reagents, and not present during life.

(computing) a perceptible distortion that appears in an audio or video file or a digital image as a result of applying a lossy compression or other inexact processing algorithm.


ekskavasi

èkskavasi (canonical)
ekskavasi-ekskavasi (plural)

From Dutch excavatie, from Latin excavātiō (“a hollowing out”).


prasasti

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦿꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦶ (prasasti, “ancient inscription”), from Old Javanese praśasti (“charter, edict, inscription”), from Sanskrit प्रशस्ति (praśasti, “eulogistic inscription”).

der

(archaeology) stele, tall, slender stone monument.


namaskara

From Sanskrit नमस्कार (namaskāra, “respectful greeting”), a compound of नमस् (namas, “bow, obeisance”) + कार (kāra, “action”).

compound

(archaeology) position in which one puts one's hands together and bows slightly as greeting.


osuari

From English ossuary, from Late Latin ossuārium (“charnel house”), from ossuārius (“of or for bones”), from compound of Latin os (“bone”) + adjectival suffix -ārius (“of, related to”).


munas

munas-munas (plural)
musyawarah nasional (alternative)

Blend of musyawarah (“conference”, literally “consultation; deliberation”) + nasional (“national”)


entablatur

éntablatur (canonical)
entablatur-entablatur (plural)

From English entablature, from Italian intavolatura, as compound of in + tavola (“table”).


termae

tèrmaé (canonical)
termae-termae (plural)

From Latin thermae, therma, from Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-.


Kanser

From Latin cancer (“crab”). Doublet of kanker.


arsitektur

arsitèktur (canonical)
arsitektur-arsitektur (plural)

From Dutch architectuur, from French architecture, from Latin architectūra.

(computing) A family of CPUs sharing a common instruction set and having partial or full compatibility with software built on each other. A specific model of a microchip or CPU.


musikus

Borrowed from Dutch musicus (“musician”), from Latin mūsicus, from Latin mūsicus, from Ancient Greek μουσικός (mousikós). Doublet of musisi.


musisi

From Dutch musici (“musicians”), the plural of musicus (“musician”), from Latin mūsicus, from Ancient Greek μουσικός (mousikós). Doublet of musikus.


ilmu falak

ilmu-ilmu falak (plural)
ilmoe falak (alternative)

From Malay ilmu falak,
from Classical Malay ilmu falak, from Arabic علم الفلك (ʕilm al-falak). Equivalent to ilmu + falak.


kecemasan

kêcêmasan (canonical)
kecemasan-kecemasan (plural)

(Standard Malay)

(psychology, psychiatry) a state of restlessness and agitation, often accompanied by a distressing sense of oppression or tightness in the stomach.


kelasi

kêlasi (canonical)
kelasi-kelasi (plural)

Inherited from Malay کلاسي (kelasi), from Classical Malay kelasi (“sailor”), from Classical Persian خلاصی (xalāsī, “sailor”). Cognate of English khalasi.

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kelasi</i>

der

(Indonesia) lowest rank group in the Navy, below corporal (kopral), consist of three levels: seaman recruit (kelasi dua), seaman apprentice (kelasi satu) and seaman (kelasi kepala)

a person of the lowest rank in the British Navy, below able seaman.

petty officer third class
petty officer third class

an enlisted rate in the United States Navy and United States Coast Guard, ranking below petty officer third class and above seaman apprentice.

(military) seaman
a person of the lowest rank in the Navy


kelasi

→ Malay: کلاسي (kelasi)

Borrowed from Dutch chelatie (“chelation”).

bor+

(chemistry) the formation of a polydentate chelate compound from a metal salt.

(medicine) the use of this process to remove metal ions from solution, especially to counter poisoning by heavy metals.


kelasi

(zoology) a kind of gibbon (Hylobates leuciscus).


langgar

From Malay langgar, from Classical Persian لنگر (langar, “the house or monastery of the Calendars or Muhammadan monks”, literally “anchor”),
* from Ancient Greek ἄγκῡρα (ánkūra), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“corner, hirn”).
* form Iranian, from Indo-Iranian. Cognate to Sanskrit लङ्गल (laṅgala, “anchor”).


tajuk

From Malay tajuk, from Persian تاجک (tâjak, “little crown, crest”), diminutive of Persian تاج (tâj, “crown”).

(botany) The part of a plant where the root and stem meet.

(nautical) The part of an anchor where the arms and the shank meet.


tajuk

(Islam) surau: a small mosque or other Islamic assembly building in parts of Sumatra and the Malay peninsula.


kolokium

Learned borrowing from Latin colloquium.


pecahan

pêcahan (canonical)
pecahan-pecahan (plural)

Affixed pecah + -an, from Malay pecahan. The sense of fraction is a semantic loan from Dutch breuk (“fraction”, literally “fracture, break”).

sl

(finance) denomination: a unit in a series of money.


sekong

sékong (canonical)
sekong-sekong (plural)

(gay slang) a homosexual, bisexual, transgender, or queer person


keganasan

Affixed ganas + ke- -an, inherited from Malay keganasan.

(oncology) a malignant cancer; specifically, any neoplasm that is invasive or otherwise not benign.


novasi

novasi-novasi (plural)
novatie (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch novatie (“novation”), from Latin novātiō (“a renewing, rennovation”), from novō, from novus (“new”).

der

replacement of a contract with one or more new contracts, in particular in financial markets the replacement of a contract between a particular buyer and seller with contracts between the clearing house and each party.

a new contract between the original contracting parties whereby the first obligation is extinguished and a new obligation is substituted.


dalil

From Arabic دَلِيل (dalīl, “sign, indication, proof, demonstration, evidence, argument”).

(philosophy) proposition (the abstract contents of a statement, without reference to its formulation)

(mathematics) theorem (proved mathematical statement)


kedelai

kêdêlai (canonical)
kedelai-kedelai (plural)
kedele (alternative)

Inherited from Malay kedelai, from Tamil கடலை (kaṭalai, “chickpea”). Compare Kannada ಕಡಲೆ (kaḍale).


saham

From Arabic سَهْم (sahm, “share (of stock)”).

(finance, trading) stock, the capital raised by a company through the issue of shares.


hukuman mati

id-noun

hukuman mati (plural hukuman-hukuman mati)

(law) capital punishment, death sentence


koronavirus

koronavirus-koronavirus (plural)
virus korona (alternative)
virus corona (alternative)


panjat

head

panjat (active memanjat, passive dipanjat, perfective passive terpanjat)

memanjat (active)
dipanjat (passive)
terpanjat (passive perfective)

(only and always conjugated with meng-, intransitive, botany) of plants, to grow upwards by clinging to something


markah

markah-markah (plural)
marka (alternative)
merkah (alternative)

From Portuguese marca, from Late Latin marca, of Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *marką, *markō (“rand, border, edge”), from Proto-Indo-European *marǵ- (“edge, boundary, border”). Doublet of merek.


watak

(literature) character: a literary description of a character type


fasad

fasad-fasad (plural)
fasade (alternative)
vasad (alternative)

From French façade, from Italian facciata, a derivation of faccia (“front”), from Latin facies (“face”). Doublet of fasade.

(architecture, real estate) facade, the face of a building, especially the front view or elevation.


partai

partai-partai (plural)
parti (alternative)

From Malay partai, from Dutch partij, from Middle Dutch partie, from Old French partie, from Medieval Latin partīta (“a part, party”), from Latin partīta, feminine of partītus, past participle of partīrī (“to divide”); see part.

(politics) a group of people on a shared goal and mission; political party.


instansi

Affixed instan + -si, from Dutch instantie, from Middle French instance, from Latin instantia (“a being near, presence, also perseverance, earnestness, importunity, urgency”), from instans (“urgent”). Doublet of instan.

(government, politics) authority, agency, bureau


inkrah

From Dutch in + kracht (“force”), a shortening of phrase inkracht van gewijsde.

(law) in force, final and binding, with prejudice.


eksekusi

Borrowed from Dutch executie, from Middle Dutch executie, from Old French execution, from Latin exsecutio, an agent noun from exequi (“to follow out”), from out + sequor (“follow”).

(law) the carrying into effect of a court judgment, or of a will.

the act of putting to death or being put to death as a penalty, or actions so associated.

specifically, the seizure of a debtor's goods or property in default of payment.

(business, law) the formal process by which a contract is made valid and put into binding effect.

(computing) the carrying out of an instruction, program or program segment by a computer.


angket

angkèt (canonical)
angket-angket (plural)

From Dutch enquête, from French enquête, from Vulgar Latin *inquaesita < inquaerere, from Latin quaerere. Doublet of inkues.

(sciences, statistics) survey, questionnaire.

(law, politics) inquest, investigation, examination.


perubahan

From ubah + per- -an. Nominalization of berubah.

(law) amendment: an addition to and/or alteration to legislation.


akibat

Inherited from Malay akibat, from Classical Malay عاقبة (akibat), from Arabic عَاقِبَة (ʕāqiba, “consequence; obstacle”). Compare Tagalog akibat.

gangguan suasana hati akibat halusinogen

kehilangan pendengaran akibat kebisingan

teorema akibat
teorema akibat#Indonesian

(mathematics, logics) ellipsis of teorema akibat (“corollary”): a proposition which follows easily from the statement or proof of another proposition.


hemolisis

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma, “blood”) + λύσις (lúsis, “loosening”).

(biology, hematology, pathology) hemolysis, haemolysis: the destruction of red blood cells, and subsequent release of hemoglobin, at the normal end of the cell's life.


gudeg

→ English: gudeg

(cooking) gudeg: traditional Javanese dish of unripe jackfruit spiced and stewed with palm sugar and coconut milk.


faktur

From Dutch factuur (“invoice”), from Latin factūra. Doublet of fitur.

Faktur Pajak Elektronik


diskonto

From Dutch disconto, from Italian disconto, from Medieval Latin discomputō (“I deduct, discount”). Doublet of diskon.


konsinyasi

From Dutch consignatie, from French consignation, from Latin cōnsignātiō (“written proof, document”).

(trading) consignation, consignment: sending goods to the agent for the purpose of sale with the ownership of these goods remains with the sender.


neraca

nêraca (canonical)
neratja (alternative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit नाराच (nārāca, “metre”).

bor+

(accounting, trading) A list accounting for the debits on one side, and for the credits on the other.

(trading) The overall result of conflicting forces, opinions etc.; the influence which ultimately "weighs" more than others.

(physics) A pair of scales, A device for measuring weight.


neraca

neraca-neraca (plural)
neratja (alternative)


sekuritas

sêkuritas (canonical)
sekuritas-sekuritas (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin sēcūritās, from Latin sēcūrus (“safe, secure”). Semantic loan from English security. Doublet of sekuriti.

(trading) proof of ownership of stocks, bonds or other investment instruments.

(economics) a tradeable financial asset, such as a share of stock.


opsi

→ Tetum: opsi

From Dutch optie, from French option, from Latin optiō (“choice; option; act of choosing”), from optō (“I choose, select”). Cognate to Afrikaans opsie.

der

(finance) a contract giving the holder the right to buy or sell an asset at a set strike price; can apply to financial market transactions, or to ordinary transactions for tangible assets such as a residence or automobile.


berhala

bêrhala (canonical)
berhala-berhala (plural)

From Malay berhala, from Classical Malay berhala, from Old Javanese bharāla, from Sanskrit भट्टार (bhaṭṭāra). Doublet of batara.

(religion) idol (representation of anything revered)


pesantren

pêsantrèn (canonical)
pesantren-pesantren (plural)
pesantrian (alternative)

Reconstructed as santri + peng- -an, from Javanese ꦥꦼꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀꧈ ꦥꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ (pesantrén, pasantrén).

bor

ꦥꦼꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀꧈ ꦥꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀

pondok pesantren
pondok pesantren#Indonesian

(Islam) ellipsis of pondok pesantren.: an Islamic boarding school, primarily teaching Islam and the Qur'an,


ekspresi

èksprèsi (canonical)
ekspresi-ekspresi (plural)

From Dutch expressie, from French expression, from Middle French expression, from Latin expressiō, expressiōnem (“a pressing out”).

der

(Standard Malay)

(biochemistry) process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, protein or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype, as the final effect.


angkatan

Reconstructed as angkat (“to lift”) + -an, from Malay angkatan (“military expedition, parade”, literally “lift”), from Classical Malay اڠكتن (angkatan).
* The sense of generation is a semantic loan from Dutch generatie from Komisi Bahasa (1944).
* The sense of force is a semantic loan from Dutch lichting (“conscription, draft”, literally “lifting”).

sl

(education) cohort, school class: a group of students who commenced their education during a particular year.


sekularisme

Affixed sekuler + -isme, from Dutch secularisme.


dekonsentrasi

dékonsèntrasi (canonical)
dekonsentrasi-dekonsentrasi (plural)

Affixed de- + konsentrasi, from Dutch deconcentratie, from French déconcentration.

(government) administrative delegation from central government to lower administration level.


intelijen

intêlijèn (canonical)
intelijen-intelijen (plural)
intel (alternative)

From English intelligence, from Old French intelligence, from Latin intelligentia. Doublet of inteligen.

(government, military, politics) intelligence, a department, agency or unit designed to gather such information.


inteligensi

intêligènsi (canonical)
inteligensi-inteligensi (plural)

From Dutch intelligentie, from Old French intelligence, from Latin intelligentia. Doublet of intelijen and inteligensia.

(psychology) intelligence, capacity of mind.


elektorat

èlèktorat (canonical)
elektorat-elektorat (plural)

From Dutch electoraat, from French électorat, from Latin ēlēctoratus.

(government, politics) electorate, the collective people of a country, state, or electoral district who are entitled to vote.


legasi

lègasi (canonical)
legasi-legasi (plural)

From Dutch legatie (“legation”), from Middle French légation, from Latin lēgātiō.

(government, politics) legation (diplomatic mission)


federasi

fèdêrasi (canonical)
federasi-federasi (plural)

→ Malay: federasi

Borrowed from Dutch federatie (“federation”). Cognate to Afrikaans federasie.

bor+

(government, politics) federacy: a form of government where one or several substate units enjoy considerably more independence than the majority.

(government, politics) array of nations or states that are unified under one central authority which is elected by its members.


persekutuan

pêrsêkutuan (canonical)
persekutuan-persekutuan (plural)

From Malay persekutuan, equivalent to sekutu + per- -an.
* The sense “partnership” is a semantic loan from Dutch vennootschap (“partnership, company”).
* The sense “fellowship” is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek κοινωνία (koinōnía, “community, communion”).

semantic loan

(Christianity, only in compounds) communion


inspeksi

inspèksi (canonical)
inspeksi-inspeksi (plural)

From Dutch inspectie, from Middle French inspection, from Latin inspectiō.

(military) inspection, the act of examining something, often closely.

(law enforcement) inspectorate, the jurisdiction of an inspector.


inspektur

inspèktur (canonical)
inspektur-inspektur (plural)

From Dutch inspecteur, from French inspecteur. Compare Standard Malay inspéktor.

(law enforcement) a police officer ranking.


VK

(healthcare, colloquial) Initialism of verloskamer (“maternity ward”).


kondominium

From Dutch condominium, from Latin condominium.

(government, politics) joint sovereignty over a territory by two or more countries; a region or territory under such rule.

(sociology, in extension) shared ownership.


lampu busur

Partial calque of Dutch booglamp (“arc lamp”) as lampu (“lamp”) + busur (“arc”).


boplang

From Dutch bouw (“construction”) + plank (“plank”).

(engineering) plank for construction site border.


wabah

wabah-wabah (plural)
wabak (alternative)

From earlier wabak, from Malay wabak, wabah, from Classical Malay وابق (wabak), وابه (wabah), from Arabic وَبَاء (wabāʔ, “epidemic”).


sauvinisme

chauvinisme (alternative)
cauvinisme (alternative)

From Dutch chauvinisme, from French chauvinisme (“idealistic devotion to Napoleon”), named for Nicolas Chauvin, a legendary and excessively patriotic soldier of the French First Republic. Reconstructed as sauvinis + -isme.


astana

astana-astana (plural)
istana (alternative)

From Malay astana from Sanskrit आस्थान (āsthāna). Doublet of istana.


PSSI

Initialism of Persatuan Sepakbola Seluruh Indonesia.

(soccer) The Football Association of Indonesia, the governing body of football in Indonesia


inokulasi

(microbiology) the introduction of a microorganism into a culture medium.

(immunology) the introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease.


eksaminasi

èksaminasi (canonical)
eksaminasi-eksaminasi (plural)

From Dutch examinatie, from Latin exāminātiō.

examination,
(law) examination, interrogation.

(linguistics) examination of authenticity.

examination,
examination of authenticity.


eksekutif

head

eksêkutif (comparative lebih eksekutif, superlative paling eksekutif, equative seeksekutif)

eksêkutif (canonical)
lebih eksekutif (comparative)
paling eksekutif (superlative)
seeksekutif (equative)

Borrowed from Dutch executief, from French exécutif, frok Latin executivus.

designed or fitted for execution, or carrying into effect.

of, pertaining to, or having responsibility for the day-to-day running of an organisation, business, country, etc.


eksekutif

a chief officer or administrator, especially one who can make significant decisions on their own authority.

the branch of government that is responsible for enforcing laws and judicial decisions, and for the day-to-day administration of the state.

(computing) a process that coordinates and governs the action of other processes or threads; supervisor.


eksepsi

èksèpsi (canonical)
eksepsi-eksepsi (plural)

From Dutch exceptie, from Old French excepcion, from Latin exceptiō.

(law) an objection, on legal grounds; also, as in conveyancing, a clause by which the grantor excepts or reserves something before the right is transferred.

(computing) an interruption in normal processing, typically caused by an error condition, that can be handled by another part of the program.


hiperemia

hiperemia-hiperemia (plural)
hiperemi (alternative)

Borrowed from English hyperemia, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over”) + αἷμα (haîma, “blood”).


vaksin

From Dutch vaccin, from French vaccin, from Latin vaccīnus, from vacca (“cow”) (because of early use of the cowpox virus against smallpox).


RB

(government) Initialism of reformasi birokrasi (“bureaucratic reform”).


meter persegi

id-noun

meter persegi (plural meter-meter persegi)


kwetiau

kwétiau (canonical)
kwetiau-kwetiau (plural)
kuetiau (alternative)

From Hokkien 粿條／粿条 (kóe-tiâu, “kway teow”).

(cooking) kway teow, a flat rice noodle.


pakpui

From Hokkien 卜杯 (pok poe, literally “to divine moon blocks”), from 卜 (pok, “to divine”) + 杯 (poe, “moon blocks”).

com

(Chinese folk religion, Taoism) divination

Chinese folk religion; Taoism; Chinese folk religion; Taoism


katapel

katapèl (canonical)
katapel-katapel (plural)
ketapel (alternative)

From Dutch katapult, from Middle French catapulte, from Latin catapulta, from Ancient Greek καταπέλτης (katapéltēs).


taoco

taoco-taoco (plural)
tauco (alternative)

From Zhangzhou Hokkien 豆醬／豆酱 (tāu-chiòⁿ).

zh-l

豆醬／豆酱 (tāu-chiòⁿ)


tongcai

[ˈtɔŋt͡ʃai̯]

From Mandarin 冬菜 (dōngcài, “preserved vegetable”, literally “winter vegetable”).


esai

Borrowed from English assay, from Middle English assay (noun) and assayen (verb), from Anglo-Norman assai (noun) and Anglo-Norman assaier (verb), from Old French essai, see previous etymology.

(biochemistry) assay: the qualitative or quantitative chemical analysis of something.


karantina wilayah

karantina (“quarantine”) + wilayah (“territory”).


aterm

(medicine) full term, at term: with respect to a pregnancy, the period during which birth usually happens (approximately 40 weeks from conception).


infeksi

infèksi (canonical)
infeksi-infeksi (plural)

From Dutch infectie (“infection”), from French infection (“infection”), from Old French infection, from Late Latin īnfectiō.


ruptur

From Dutch ruptuur, from French rupture, from Latin ruptūra (“a breaking, rupture (of a limb or vein)”).

der

(medicine) rupture, a break or tear in soft tissue, such as a muscle.


pengajian

pêngajian (canonical)
pengajian-pengajian (plural)

Regular derivation as kaji + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pengajian. Doublet of pengkajian.


sekolah lanjutan

id-noun

sekolah lanjutan (plural sekolah-sekolah lanjutan)

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + lanjutan (“advanced, continuation”), from calque from Dutch of school voor voortgezet onderwijs: school (“school”) + voor (“for”) + voortgezet onderwijs (“secondary education”, literally “continuing education”), or meer uitgebreid lager onderwijs (MULO): meer (“more”) + uitgebreid (“extensive”) + lager (“low”) + onderwijs (“school”). Replaced by sekolah menengah.

compound

(education, dated) high school (US), secondary school (UK)

nl:meer uitgebreid lager onderwijs
nl:school voor voortgezet onderwijs


hongeroedeem

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch hongeroedeem.

ubor

(pathology) kwashiorkor: a form of malnutrition, found in children, caused by dietary insufficiency of protein in combination with a high-carbohydrate diet.


sekolah menengah tinggi

Compound of sekolah menengah (“high school (US), secondary school (UK)”) + tinggi (“high”), calque from Japanese 高等中学校(こうとうちゅうがっこう) (kōtōchūgakkō, literally “higher secondary (middle) school”). The post-war Japanese term is 高等学校(こうとうがっこう) (kōtōgakkō).

ja-r

高等学校(こうとうがっこう) (kōtōgakkō)

Hampir semua tipe dari sekolah umum dan kejuruan level menengah atas disatukan dan dinamai ulang menjadi Sekolah Menengah Tinggi (SMT, dalam bahasa lndonesia) atau Kotto Chu Gakko (dalam bahasa Jepang). ― Almost all upper secondary education institution were merged and renamed as higher secondary school or 高等中學校.

(education, historical) senior high school (US), upper secondary school (UK), abbreviated SMT.


sekolah vokasi

sekolah vokasi (canonical)
sêkolah vokasi (canonical)

Calque of English vocational school as compound of sekolah + vokasi.

vocational school
vocational school#English

vocational school, an occupation for which a person is suited, trained or qualified.


injeksi

injèksi (canonical)
injeksi-injeksi (plural)

(medicine) something injected subcutaneously, intravenously, or intramuscularly by use of a syringe and a needle.

(space science) the act of putting a spacecraft into a particular orbit, especially for changing a stable orbit into a transfer orbit, e.g. trans-lunar injection.

(engineering, mechanics) the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector.


dompet

dompét (canonical)
dompet-dompet (plural)

wallet; purse (small bag for carrying money)


lembaga

lêmbaga (canonical)
lembaga-lembaga (plural)

From Malay lembaga, from Classical Malay lembaga (“shape”), from Sanskrit [Term?]. Coined by Komisi Istilah in 1954 to translate Dutch instituut. Semantic loan from English embryo for “rudimentary plant” sense.

(botany) a rudimentary plant contained in the seed.


garnisun

From Dutch garnizoen, from Old French garison, guarison, from Frankish [Term?], ultimately of Germanic origin.

(military) garrison,
a permanent military post.

(military) garrison,
the troops stationed at such a post.


detasemen

détasêmèn (canonical)
detasemen-detasemen (plural)

dé‧ta‧sê‧mèn

From Dutch detachment, from French détachement.

(military) detachment, the unit so dispatched from the main body for a particular purpose or special mission.


emplasemen

èmplasêmèn (canonical)
emplasemen-emplasemen (plural)

From Dutch emplacement, from French emplacement (“site, location”).

emplacement, a place where a thing is located.

(military) a place where artillery is located

(rail transport) rail yard, railway yard, railroad yard, yard: a complex of branching railway lines and other infrastructure in which locomotives and rolling stock are stored and rearranged.


eselon

èsêlon (canonical)
eselon-eselon (plural)
esmelon (alternative)

From Dutch echelon, from French échelon (“rung; echelon”), échelle, from Old French eschale, from Latin scāla. Doublet of skala.

(management) a level or rank in an organization, profession, or society.

(military) a formation of troops, ships, etc., in diagonal parallel rows.


tingtur

From Dutch tinctuur, from Latin tinctura.

(pharmacy) tincture, an alcoholic extract of plant material, used as a medicine.


adiksi

From Dutch addictie, from Latin addictiō.

(medicine, psychology) addiction, a state that is characterized by compulsive drug use or compulsive engagement in rewarding behavior, despite negative consequences.


syok

From Dutch shock, from English shock, from Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”).

der

(psychology) a sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.

(emergency medicine) circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterised by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.


gasal

From Malay gasal. Compare Javanese ꦒꦁꦱꦭ꧀ (gangsal), Tagalog gansal.

(mathematics) odd, numerically indivisible by two.


pandemik

pandémik (canonical)
pandemik-pandemik (plural)
pandemi (alternative)

From English pandemic, from Late Latin pandemus, from Ancient Greek πάν (pán, “all”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “the people”). Doublet of pandemi.

compound

(epidemiology) pandemic, of a disease: epidemic over a wide geographical area and affecting a large proportion of the population; also, of or pertaining to a disease of this nature.


mazbah

mazbah-mazbah (plural)
mezbah (alternative)

From Malay mazbah, from Arabic مَذْبَح (maḏbaḥ).

altar (flat-topped structure used for religious rites)


diplomasi

From Dutch diplomatie, from French diplomatie.

(government, politics) the art and practice of conducting international relations by negotiating alliances, treaties, agreements etc., bilaterally or multilaterally, between states and sometimes international organisms, or even between polities with varying status, such as those of monarchs and their princely vassals.


jalan raya

Compound of jalan (“road”) + raya (“great”).


nisbah

Inherited from Malay nisbah, from Classical Malay nisbah, from Arabic نِسْبَة (nisba). The sense in Arabic grammar and Islamic finance are semantic borrowings from the same Arabic word.

a number representing a comparison between two named things.

the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient).

(Arabic grammar) nisba: a common suffix to form adjectives of relation or pertinence.


lebam

(zoology) streaked spinefoot, Java rabbitfish, blue-spotted spinefoot, blue-spotted trevally, Java spinefoot, white-spotted rabbit-fish (Siganus javus).


reaksi

réaksi (canonical)
reaksi-reaksi (plural)

From Dutch reaktie (current spelling reactie), from Old French reaction, from Latin reāctiō. Compare to Afrikaans reaksie.

(biology) an action or statement in response to a stimulus or other event.

reaksi kimia

(chemistry) a transformation in which one or more substances is converted into another by combination or decomposition.


anjung

(architecture) mezzanine (intermediate floor or storey in between the main floors of a building)


karung

→ Min Nan: 茄囊 (ka-lông)

sack, a bag; especially a large bag of strong, coarse material for storage and handling of various commodities, such as potatoes, coal, coffee; or, a bag with handles used at a supermarket, a grocery sack; or, a small bag for small items, a satchel.


pukat

From Malay pukat, from Classical Malay ڤوکت (pukat), from Proto-Malayic *pukət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pukət.


auskultasi

From Dutch auscultatie, from French auscultation, from Latin auscultātio (“act of listening”).

inspeksi, palpasi, perkusi, auskultasi ― inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation

(medicine) auscultation, diagnosis of disorders by listening to the sounds of the internal organs, usually using a stethoscope.


kapasitor

(electronics) capacitor, an electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.


kliring

(banking, finance) clearing, a process of exchanging transaction information and authorisation through a central institution or system to complete and settle those transactions.


adjektif

From Dutch adjectief, from Middle French adjectif, from Latin adiectīvus.

(linguistics, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of adjektiva (“adjective”).


awatara

Borrowed from Balinese ᬅᬯᬢᬵᬭ (awatara), from Old Javanese awatāra, from Sanskrit अवतार (avatāra, “descent of a deity from a heaven”). Doublet of avatar.

der

(Hinduism) avatar (the incarnation of a deity, particularly Vishnu)


amalaka

From Sanskrit आमलक (āmalaka, “emblic, Indian gooseberry”).

(archaeology) amalaka: a segmented or notched stone disk, usually with ridges on the rim, that sits on the top of a Hindu temple's shikhara or main tower.


anugrahamurti

From Sanskrit अनुग्रहमूर्ति (anugrahamūrti) (अनुग्रह (anugraha) + मूर्ति (mūrti)).

अनुग्रहमूर्ति

(archaeology) boon-conferring aspects of Shiva.


arupadatu

From Sanskrit आरूपधातु (ārūpadhātu, “formless realm”) (आ (ā) + रूप (rūpa) + धातु (dhātu).


imigrasi

imigrasi-imigrasi (plural)
imigresen (alternative)

immigration, the act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a country of which one is not native born for the purpose of permanent residence.

Direktorat Jendral Imigrasi


fanservis

Compound of fan + servis, from English fanservice, from Japanese ファンサービス (fansābisu), from English fan + service.

(chiefly ACG) The inclusion in a work of fiction of material, especially of a racy or sexual nature, which may or may not have relevance to the storyline and is designed merely to excite the viewer.

(idol fandom) Special interactions from idols to their fans.


kimci

Learned borrowing from Korean 김치 (gimchi), derived from Korean 침채 (chimchae), from semantic loan of 沈菜 (“soaked vegetables”).

lbor

(cooking) kimchi, a Korean dish made of vegetables, such as cabbage or radishes, that are salted, seasoned, and stored in sealed containers to undergo lactic acid fermentation.


netral

nètral (canonical)
néutral (alternative)

From Dutch neutral, from late Middle Dutch neutrael, from Middle French neutral, from Old French neutral, from Latin neutrālis, itself from neuter (“neither”).

Kondisi netral ditunjukkan dengan nilai pH 7.

A neutral condition is indicated by pH 7.

(chemistry) neutral, neither acid nor alkali.

neutral,
neutral, neither acid nor alkali.

(physics) neither positive nor negative; possessing no charge or equivalent positive and negative charge such that there is no imbalance.

(linguistics) neuter, neither masculin nor feminine.


kejadian

(probability theory, statistics) event: a set of outcomes to which a probability is assigned


konvensi

konvènsi (canonical)
konvensi-konvensi (plural)
konvensyen (alternative)

From earlier konpensi, from Dutch conventie. Cognate to Afrikaans konvensie.

Konvensi itu dapat berbentuk bilateral dan multilateral.

The convention can be bilateral and multilateral.

(international law) a treaty or supplement to such.

convention,
a treaty or supplement to such.


cikuwa

From Japanese 竹輪(ちくわ) (chikuwa, “chikuwa”, literally “bamboo ring”).

ja-r

chikuwa (a tube-shaped fish-paste cake from Japan)


KLB

(epidemiology) Initialism of kejadian luar biasa (“disease outbreak”, literally “extraordinary event”).

kejadian luar biasa

koefisien luas bangunan
koefisien luas bangunan#Indonesian

(civil engineering) Initialism of koefisien luas bangunan (literally “building floor coefficient”).

(rail transport) Initialism of kereta luar biasa.


klise

From Dutch cliché, from French cliché, past participle of clicher (“to stereotype, (originally) to copy”, literally “to click, clink”), from Middle French clicher, from Old French cliquer (“to click, clack, sound, resound”), of Germanic origin.

der

(printing) a stereotype (printing plate).


iuran

From Malay yuran, iuran, from Classical Malay يورن (yuran), ااورن (iuran).

Pemerintah naikkan iuran kesehatan.


perbal

pêrbal (canonical)
perbal-perbal (plural)

From Dutch verbaal, from Middle French verbal, from Latin verbālis. Doublet of verbal.

(colloquial, law) complaint, law enforcement account or report


ordonansi

ordonansi-ordonansi (plural)
ordinan (alternative)
ordinansi (alternative)

From Dutch ordonnantie, from French ordonnance, from Medieval Latin ordinantia, from ordinans.


masinis

From Dutch machinist, from French machiniste.


syahid

From Malay syahid, from Classical Malay syahid, from Arabic شَهِيد (šahīd, “witness, martyr”).


inang

Inherited from Malay inang, probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina (“mother”).

(biology) host (cell or organism which harbors another organism)

(genetics) (organism bearing certain genetic material)


konstruksi

From Dutch constructie, from Middle Dutch constructie, from Old French construction, from Latin cōnstructiō, from cōnstruere (present active infinitive of cōnstruō) + tiō.

(art) A (usually non-representational) structure, such as a collage etc

(grammar) A group of words arranged to form a meaningful phrase.

(geometry) A geometric figure of arcs and line segments that is drawable with a straightedge and compass.


konstruksi

head

konstruksi (active mengonstruksi, passive dikonstruksi, perfective passive terkonstruksi)

mengonstruksi (active)
dikonstruksi (passive)
terkonstruksi (passive perfective)

(grammar) To build (a sentence, an argument, etc.) by arranging words or ideas.

(geometry) To draw (a geometric figure) by following precise specifications and using geometric tools and techniques.


komisaris

desc

→ Hokkien: 公勃些里 (kong-pu̍t-sia-lí), 公勃卅里 (kong-pu̍t-sa̍p-lí)

From Dutch commissaris, from Middle Dutch commissarijs, from Medieval Latin commissārius. Doublet of komisar and komisioner.

(government) an official in charge of a government department, especially a police force.

(politics) commissar, an official of a political party.


komendur

komêndur (canonical)
komendur-komendur (plural)

From Dutch commandeur, from French commandeur, from Old French comandeor.

(nautical) harbormaster (US), harbourmaster (UK)


kolone

kolonê (canonical)
kolone-kolone (plural)

From Dutch colonne, from French colonne, from Old French colonne, columne, from Latin columna. Doublet of kolom.

(military) column: a body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.


apneu

From Dutch apneu, from the New Latin apnoea, from the Ancient Greek ἄπνοια (ápnoia), formed from ἀ- (a-, “absence of”) + πνοή (pnoḗ, “breathing”).

(emergency medicine) alternative spelling of apnea (“apnea; apnoea”).


isolasi

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch isolatie, from French isolation.

(medicine) the separation of a patient, suffering from a contagious disease, from contact with others.

(chemistry) the obtaining of an element from one of its compounds, or of a compound from a mixture.

(physics, engineering, electricity) insulation, a medium in which it is possible to maintain an electrical field with little supply of energy from additional sources.


interpelasi

intêrpèlasi (canonical)
interpelasi-interpelasi (plural)

Affixed inter- + *pelasi, from Dutch interpellatie, from Middle French interpellation, from Latin interpellatio.

(government, politics) interpellation, the act of interpellating (questioning); the period in which government officials are questioned about and explain an act, a policy or a point raised during a debate.


pelanggaran

Affixed langgar + per- -an, the sense in law is a semantic loan from Dutch overtreding.


masukan

masuk + -an. Semantic loan from English input.

input:
(computing) data fed into a process


bayam

(zoology) Diana's hogfish (Bodianus diana).

(zoology) Redfin hogfish (Bodianus dictynna).


kelompok

kêlompok (canonical)
kelompok-kelompok (plural)

From Malay kelompok, from Classical Malay kelompok.

(anthropology, politics) a number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.


bidang

(geometry) a flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane).

(anatomy) plane: an imaginary plane which divides the body into two portions.


geripir

From Dutch griffier, from French greffier, from Medieval Latin graphiārius (“scribe, secretary”), from graphium (“stylus”).

der

(law) registrar (official keeper of records)


setrat

From Dutch straat, from Middle Dutch strate, *stret (in toponyms), from Old Dutch strāta, from Proto-West Germanic *strātu (“street”), from Latin strāta, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to stretch out, extend, spread”). Doublet of strata and stratum.

(transport, road, colloquial) carriageway, roadway; avenue, main road.


sintetis

sintetis (canonical)
sintètis (canonical)
sintetik (alternative)

(chemistry) produced by synthesis instead of being isolated from a natural source (but may be identical to a product so obtained).


sintetik

sintetik (canonical)
sintètik (canonical)
sintetis (alternative)


restorasi

réstorasi (canonical)
restorasi-restorasi (plural)

Inherited from Malay restorasi, from Dutch restauratie, from Latin restauratio.

(rail transport) buffet at a railway car.


resimen

résimèn (canonical)
resimen-resimen (plural)
rejimen (alternative)

From Dutch regiment, from Middle French regement, régiment, and its source, Late Latin regimentum (“direction for government; course of medical treatment”), from Latin regō, regere (“rule”).


reserse

From Dutch recherche (“criminal investigation”), from French recherche (“research”). Doublet of riset (“research”).

bor

(direktorat reserse

(law enforcement) criminal investigation police


repetisi

repetisi (canonical)
répêtisi (canonical)

From Dutch repetitie, from French répétition.


permen

peraturan menteri
peraturan menteri#Indonesian

(law, government) acronym of peraturan menteri (“ministerial regulation”).


galat

From Malay ralat, galat, from Classical Malay رالت (ralat), رالت (galat), from Arabic غَلَط (ḡalaṭ). Doublet of ralat.

(statistics) the difference between a measured or calculated value and a true one.

(computing) a failure to complete a task, usually involving a premature termination.


galat

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) gallate


wedana

From Javanese ꦮꦼꦢꦤ (wedana), ꦮꦢꦤ (wadana), from Old Javanese wadana (“face; chief, head”), from Sanskrit वदन (vadana, “mouth, face”).


pratama

From Javanese ꦥꦿꦠꦩ (pratama, “best”), from Sanskrit प्रथम (prathamá, “first, primary, original”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pratʰamás (“first, foremost”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós (“foremost”). Doublet of pertama.


PTM

(education) initialism of pembelajaran tatap muka (“face-to-face learning”).

(medicine, pathology) initialism of penyakit tidak menular (“non-communicable disease”).


lazuardi

From Malay lazuardi, from Persian لاجورد (lâjvard).


periuk

pêriuk (canonical)
periuk-periuk (plural)

Inherited from Malay periuk, from Proto-Austronesian *pariuk (“earthenware cooking pot”). Cognate with Paiwan pariuk, Sundanese pariuk and Tagalog palayok.


kueri

From English query, quere, from Latin quaere.

(computing) query, a set of instructions passed to a database.


tarikh

tarikh-tarikh (plural)
tawarikh (alternative)

From Malay tarikh, from Arabic تَارِيخ (tārīḵ, “date, time”).


tetua

From Malay tetua, from Classical Malay tetua. Equivalent to reduplication of tua (“old”).

(biology) parent, an organism from which a plant or animal is immediately biologically descended.


legislasi

From Dutch legislatie, from Late Latin lēgislātiō (“the giving of the law”).

der

(government, law, politics) legislation, lawmaking.


sekakmat

From Dutch schaakmat, from Old French eschec mat, from Persian شاه مات (“šâh mât, the king is dead”). Equivalent to syah + mati. Doublet of emat.


DKM

dewan kemakmuran masjid
dewan kemakmuran masjid#Indonesian

(Islam, Indonesia) Initialism of dewan kemakmuran masjid.