kara

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦫ (kara), from Old Javanese kara.

Lablab purpureus
Lablab purpureus#Translingual

(botany) hyacinth bean, lablab bean, bonavist bean, bonavist pea, dolichos bean, sem bean, lablab bean, Egyptian kidney bean, Indian bean, Australian pea; Lablab purpureus.


buku

From Malay buku, from Proto-Malayic *buku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukuh. Doublet of wuku.


kernel

Borrowed from English kernel, from Middle English kernel, kirnel, kürnel, from Old English cyrnel, from Proto-West Germanic *kurnil, diminutive of Proto-Germanic *kurną (“seed, grain, corn”), equivalent to corn + -le.

der

(botany, agriculture) the stone of certain fruits, such as peaches or plums. (of oil palm)


bunga

Inherited from Malay bunga, from Classical Malay bunga, from Proto-Malayic *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa. Cognate of Ilocano bunga (“fruit”), Tagalog bunga (“fruit”).

(botany) a reproductive structure in angiosperms (flowering plants), often conspicuously colourful and typically including sepals, petals, and either or both stamens and/or a pistil.


flora

From Dutch flora, from Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers), flōs (“blossom”), from Proto-Italic *flōs, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-s (“flower, blossom”), from *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”).

(botany) plants considered as a group, especially those of a particular country, region, time, etc.

(botany) a book describing the plants of a country, region, time, etc.


polen

Internationalism, from Dutch pollen, from Latin pollen.

(botany) pollen: A fine granular substance produced in flowers. Technically a collective term for pollen grains (microspores) produced in the anthers of flowering plants.


stele

From English stele, from 1886 French stèle, from Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “upright rock; pillar; column”).

(botany) stele, the central core of a plant's root and stem system, especially including the vascular tissue and developed from the plerome.


liana

From English liana, from French liane, influenced by lien (“link, bond”).

(botany) liana: a climbing woody vine, usually tropical.


maja

From Malay maja, from Old Javanese maja (“Aegle marmelos”), probably from Prakrit majja (“intoxicant, wine, spirits”), from Sanskrit मद्य (madya, “intoxicating drink”).

Aegle marmelos
Aegle marmelos#Translingual

(botany) bael, wood apple (Aegle marmelos)

Limonia acidissima
Limonia acidissima#Translingual

(botany) wood apple, elephant apple (Limonia acidissima)


beri

Borrowed from English berry, from Middle English berye, from Old English berġe, from Proto-West Germanic *baʀi, from Proto-Germanic *bazją.

(botany) berry (a soft fruit which develops from a single ovary and contains seeds not encased in pits)


buah

Inherited from Malay buah, from Old Malay vuaḥ, from Proto-Malayic *buah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq.
* The sense of result and outcome are probably semantic loan from Sanskrit फल (phala, “result, yield, consequence”, literally “fruit”). Compare with Tagalog bunga with both fruit and result senses, while Malay and subsequently Indonesian bunga means flower.

sl

a sweet, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see next sense), even if it does not develop from a floral ovary


buluh

From Malay buluh, from Proto-Malayic *buluh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buluq (compare Malagasy volo), from Proto-Austronesian *buluq.

(botany) culm (the stem of a plant, especially of grass or sedge)


daun

From Malay daun, from Proto-Malayic *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *daun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.


habitus

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch habitus, from Latin habitus.

(sociology) habitus (the lifestyle, etc. of particular social groups)


embrio

èmbrio (canonical)
embrio-embrio (plural)

From Dutch embryo, from New Latin embryo, from Ancient Greek ἔμβρυον (émbruon, “fetus”).

der

(botany) A rudimentary plant contained in the seed.


ampula

Learned borrowing from Latin ampulla. Doublet of ampul.

ampulla,
(botany) the spongiole of a root.


mentol

mèntol (canonical)
mentol-mentol (plural)


kutikula

Learned borrowing from Latin cuticula (“cuticle, skin”).

lbor

(botany, zoology) a noncellular protective covering outside the epidermis of many invertebrates and plants.


hormon

From Dutch hormoon, from English hormone, from Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn), present participle of ὁρμάω (hormáō, “to set in motion, urge on”).

(botany) any similar substance in plants.

hormone
any similar substance in plants.


mawar

Inherited from Malay mawar, rrom Arabic مَاء وَرْد (māʔ ward, “rosewater”).


varietas

(botany, taxonomy) a rank in a taxonomic classification below species and (if present) subspecies, and above form; hence, an organism of that rank.


stilus

Learned borrowing from Latin stilus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp; to sting”).

(Standard Malay)

(botany) style: The stalk that connects the stigma(s) to the ovary in a pistil of a flower.


gelam

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">gelam</i>

(botany) weeping paperbark, long-leaved paperbark, or white paperbark (Melaleuca leucadendra).


bibit

From Malay bibit, Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦶꦧꦶꦠ꧀ (bibit, “seed”), ꦮꦶꦮꦶꦠ꧀ (wiwit, “beginning”), from Old Javanese wwit, wwīt, wit (“origin, beginning; base, foundation; stem, tree”).

der

seedling
(botany) A young plant grown from seed.


enten

From Dutch enten, from Middle Dutch ente, from enten (“to graft”) (modern Dutch enten), from Old French enter, from Latin imputāre.

(biology, botany) graft, a detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant, used in grafting; a shoot or twig in a general sense.

(biology, botany) grafting, the act, art, or process of inserting grafts.


cemara

cêmara (canonical)
cemara-cemara (plural)

Inherited from Malay cemara (“casuarina”).

inh+

Casuarina equisetifolia
Casuarina equisetifolia#Translingual

coastal she-oak, horsetail she-oak, ironwood, beach sheoak, beach casuarina or whistling tree (Casuarina equisetifolia)


benih

From Malay benih, from Proto-Malayic *bənih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *binəhiq, Proto-Austronesian *binəSiq (“seed set aside for the next planting”). Cognate with Javanese winih and Tagalog binhi.

inh

(botany) A fertilized and ripened ovule, containing an embryonic plant; seed.


biji

From Malay biji, from Sanskrit बीज (bīja, “seed”). Doublet of bija.


bulir

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buliʀ, compare Tetum fulin.

(botany) spike (A kind of inflorescence in which sessile flowers are arranged on an unbranched elongated axis)


sayap

Inherited from Malay sayap, from Proto-Malayic *sayap. Compare to Balinese ᬲᬶᬬᬧ᭄ (siap, “chicken”).

(botany) either of the two side petals of a papilionaceous flower.


mosaik

From Dutch mozaïek, from Middle French mosaïque, from Italian mosaico, from Medieval Latin musaicum, from Late Latin musivum (opus), from Latin museum, musaeum, probably from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon), shrine of the Muses, (Μοῦσα (Moûsa)).

(botany, phytopathology) Any of several viral diseases that cause mosaic-like patterns to appear on leaves.


kelenjar

(botany) a secretory structure on the surface of an organ


mahkota

From Malay mahkota (compare Javanese ꦩꦏꦸꦛ (makutha)), from Pali makuṭa, from a Dravidian term (compare Tamil முகடு (mukaṭu), Sanskrit मुकुट (mukuṭa, “crown”)).

memahkotai [agent focus + causative benefactive]

(botany) ellipsis of mahkota bunga (“petal, corolla”).


antesis

From English anthesis, from Ancient Greek ἄνθησις (ánthēsis, “flowering”).


banci

From Malay banci, from Javanese ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ (banci, “effeminate man; asexual person”), from Old Javanese wañci (“timid, shy; character; deceitful”), from bañcana, wañcana (“deception, deceitful”), from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “deceiving, trickery”). Doublet of bencana.


gandaria

inherited from Malay ݢنداريا (gandaria).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">gandaria</i>

(botany) gandaria, plum mango, mango plum (Bouea macrophylla).


angsana

From Malay angsana, from Sanskrit असन (asana). Doublet of asana.

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual


tumbuhan air

Compound of tumbuhan (“tree”) + air (“water”)

(botany) hydrophyte (a plant that lives in water)


daun buah

(botany) carpel, one of the individual female reproductive organs in a flower.


tajuk

From Malay tajuk, from Persian تاجک (tâjak, “little crown, crest”), diminutive of Persian تاج (tâj, “crown”).

der

(botany) The part of a plant where the root and stem meet.


panjat

head

panjat (active memanjat, passive dipanjat, perfective passive terpanjat)

memanjat (active)
dipanjat (passive)
terpanjat (passive perfective)

(only and always conjugated with meng-, intransitive, botany) of plants, to grow upwards by clinging to something


lembaga

lêmbaga (canonical)
lembaga-lembaga (plural)

From Malay lembaga, from Classical Malay lembaga (“shape”), from Sanskrit [Term?]. Coined by Komisi Istilah in 1954 to translate Dutch instituut. Semantic loan from English embryo for “rudimentary plant” sense.

(botany) a rudimentary plant contained in the seed.


gendis

gêndis (canonical)
gendis-gendis (plural)


andong

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦴꦁ (andong, “a certain plant”).

bor+

Cordyline fruticosa
Cordyline fruticosa#Translingual

(botany) ti plant, palm lily, cabbage palm (Cordyline fruticosa).


bunga majemuk

Compound of bunga (“flower, interest”) + majemuk (“compound”). The sense of compound interest is calque of Dutch samengestelde interest.


anakan

Affixed anak (“child”) + -an, from Malay anakan, from Classical Malay انقن (anakan).
* Sense of interest in economics or finance is a semantic loan from Chinese 利子 (“interest”, literally “benefit, profit + child, son”) or Japanese 子(し) (shi, “interest”, literally “child”). Compare to Javanese anakan (ꦲꦤꦏꦤ꧀, “interest”).

ja-r

(botany) tiller: a shoot of a plant which springs from the root or bottom of the original stalk; a sapling; a sucker.


bedeng

From Malay bedeng, from Dutch bedding (literally “bedding”), from Middle Dutch beddinge.

(horticulture) bedding: the temporary planting plants into beds.


telang

(botany) giant clumping bamboos (Gigantochloa).

(botany) Asian pigeonwings, bluebellvine, blue pea, butterfly pea, cordofan pea, or Darwin pea (Clitoria ternatea).


gabus

Inherited from Malay gabus (“soft wood from Alstonia scholaris”)

inh+

the dead protective tissue between the bark and cambium in woody plants, with suberin deposits making it impervious to gasses and water

the phellem of the cork oak, used for making bottle stoppers, flotation devices, and insulation material


buah keras bersayap

(botany) An indehiscent, one-seeded fruit furnished with a wing, such as the fruit of the ash and maple; a key; a samara.


buah keras

buah (“fruit”) + keras (“hard”), literally “hard fruit”

com

(botany) A fruit with a hard shell or rind; a nux


buah kurung

buah (“fruit”) + kurung, literally “confined fruit”

(botany) A small, dry, indehiscent fruit, containing a single seed, as in the buttercup: achene.


buah bumbung

(botany) A type of primitive dry fruit produced by certain flowering plants: follicle.


kriptogam

From English cryptogam, from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós, “hidden”) + γαμέω (gaméō, “to marry”).


lumut kerak

Compound of lumut (“moss”) + kerak (“crust”), calque of Dutch korstmos (“lichen”, literally “crust moss”).

clq

(botany) lichen: any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow patches on old walls, etc.


puncak

apex:
(botany) the growing point of a shoot.


artikulasi

From Dutch articulatie, from French articulation, from Latin articulātiō.

(botany) a joint between two separable parts, as a leaf and a stem


bugenvil

From Dutch bougainville, from translingual Bougainvillea. Named after Louis Antoine de Bougainville.

(botany) bougainvillea, shrub of the genus Bougainvillea.

Louis Antoine de Bougainville
id:bugenvil


konifera

From Latin cōnifer (“bearing cones”), from cōnus (“cone”) + ferō (“to bear”).

(botany) conifer: A plant belonging to the order Coniferales; a cone-bearing seed plant with vascular tissue, usually a tree.


jaringan dasar

id-noun

jaringan dasar (plural jaringan-jaringan dasar)

Compound of jaringan (“tissue”) + dasar, calque of English ground tissue.


mahkota bunga

mahkota bunga (plural mahkota-mahkota bunga)

Compound of mahkota (“crown”) + bunga (“flower”), calque of Dutch bloemkroon (“corona”, literally “flower crown”).


serbuk sari

Compound of serbuk (“powder”) + sari (“flower”), compare to Chinese 花粉 (huāfěn, “pollen”, literally “flower + dust, powder”) and Malay debunga (“pollen”, literally “dust + flower”).

ncog

(botany) pollen: A fine granular substance produced in flowers. Technically a collective term for pollen grains (microspores) produced in the anthers of flowering plants.


pemuliaan

Affixed mulia + peng- -an, inherited from Malay pemuliaan (“ennomblement”). The sense of breeding is a calque of Dutch veredeling (“breeding”, literally “ennomblement”).


sabitan

(botany) drepanium: a helicoid cyme whose successive pedicels are aligned on the same plane.


malaka

Inherited from Malay malaka, from Sanskrit मालक (mālaka, “Hibiscus mutabilis; Melia azedarach; wood; ring; garland”).

der

Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus emblica#Translingual

(botany) amla, Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica).


kaliks

Learned borrowing from Latin calyx, from Ancient Greek κάλυξ (kálux, “case of a bud, husk”).

(botany) the outermost whorl of flower parts, comprising the sepals, which covers and protects the petals as they develop.


aimatatuli

(botany) bantigue, mentigi (Pemphis acidula).


aimitin

(botany, dialect) dead plant because of pest


anggrek monyet

id-noun

anggrek monyet (plural anggrek-anggrek monyet)

* Compound of anggrek (“orchid”) + monyet (“monkey”).


filamen

Borrowed from Dutch filament, from Medieval Latin fīlāmentum, from Late Latin fīlō (“to spin, draw out in a long line”), from Latin fīlum (“thread”).

der

(botany) the stalk of a flower stamen, supporting the anther.


kecik

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kciʔ (“young, green”).

Manilkara zapota
Manilkara zapota#Translingual


ceraka

cêraka (canonical)
ceraka-ceraka (plural)

(botany) Indian leadwort, scarlet leadwort, whorled plantain (Plumbago indica).


jernang

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">jernang</i>

(botany) rattan palm (Daemonorops hygrophilus, Daemonorops angustifolia, Calamus melanochaetes).


kecubung

kêcubung (canonical)
kecubung-kecubung (plural)

Inherited from Malay کچوبوڠ (kecubung), from Old Javanese kacubuṅ, kucubuṅ (“thorn-apple”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kecubung</i>

der

(botany) Indian thornapple, Hindu Datura, metel, devil's trumpet, angel's trumpet (Datura metel)


kawao

(regional, botany) A climbing plant whose bark is extracted to produce a juice that prevents the souring of sugar palm sap inside a bamboo tube; Millettia sericea.


pepermin

pepêrmin (canonical)
pepermin-pepermin (plural)

Borrowed from Dutch pepermunt. Doublet of permen.

peppermint (any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb)


cerakin

Inherited from Malay چراکين (cerakin, “a special alotted or compartmented tray used for storing medicine”), likely from Persian آگين (čâre-âgin, literally “full of medicine”), see چاره (čâre, “remedy, help”).

inh

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">cerakin</i>

der

Croton tiglium
Croton tiglium#Translingual

(botany) purging croton (Croton tiglium).


kepala putik

id-noun

kepala putik (plural kepala-kepala putik)

(botany) stigma (the sticky part of a flower that receives pollen during pollination)


tangkai putik

tangkai putik (plural tangkai-tangkai putik)

(botany) style (the stalk that connects the stigma(s) to the ovary in a pistil of a flower.)


bakal buah

(botany) ovary (the lower part of a pistil or carpel that bears ovules and ripens into fruit)


bakal biji

(botany) ovule (the structure in a plant that develops into a seed after fertilization)


kepala sari

(botany) anther (the pollen-bearing part of the stamen of a flower)


perhiasan bunga

perhiasan bunga (plural perhiasan-perhiasan bunga)

(botany) perianth (the sterile parts of a flower)


salut biji

(botany) aril (a tissue surrounding the seed in certain fruits such as pomegranates)


kulit dalam

(botany) tegmen (an integument such as the inner membrane of the coat of a seed)


kulit luar

(botany) testa (the protective outer cover of a seed)


pembuluh tapis

pembuluh tapis (plural pembuluh-pembuluh tapis)


tangkai daun

tangkai daun (plural tangkai-tangkai daun)

(botany) petiole (the stalk of a leaf, attaching the blade to the stem)


helaian daun

helaian daun (plural helaian-helaian daun)

(botany) lamina (the flat expanded part of a foliage leaf or leaflet)


pembuluh kayu

pembuluh kayu (plural pembuluh-pembuluh kayu)


tudung akar

(botany) root cap (a cap of cells covering the growing extremity of a root)


geragih

(botany) stolon (a shoot that grows along the ground and produces roots at its nodes)


penyerbukan sendiri

(botany) autogamy (the fertilizing pollen being derived from the same blossom as the pistil acted upon)


penyerbukan tetangga

(botany) geitonogamy (transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of another flower of the same plant.)


penyerbukan silang

(botany) allogamy (fertilization by the union of gametes of different plants


kuncup dorman

kuncup dorman (plural kuncup-kuncup dorman)

(botany) turion (a bud, produced by some aquatic plants, that becomes detached and dormant until the following spring)


kormus

Learned borrowing from Latin cormus, from Ancient Greek κορμός (kormós, “trunk stripped of its boughs”).


bunga cawan

(botany) corymb (a cluster of flowers with a flat or convex top))


bunga payung

id-noun

bunga payung (plural bunga-bunga payung)


bunga tongkol

bunga tongkol (plural bunga-bunga tongkol)


bunga tandan

bunga tandan (plural bunga-bunga tandan)


bunga bongkol

bunga bongkol (plural bunga-bunga bongkol)


bunga berkas

bunga berkas (plural bunga-bunga berkas)

(botany) fascicle (a cluster of flowers or leaves, such as the bundles of the thin leaves (or needles) of pines)


bunga piringan

bunga piringan (plural bunga-bunga piringan)


bunga lembing

bunga lembing (plural bunga-bunga lembing)


bunga sekrup

bunga sekrup (plural bunga-bunga sekrup)


bunga tangga

bunga tangga (plural bunga-bunga tangga)