Israel

From Dutch Israël, from Middle Dutch israel, from Old Dutch israel, from Latin Isrāēl, from Ancient Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל. Doublet of Israil.

a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean


Estonia

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Estonia.

lbor

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


Austria

Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin Austria, a Latinization of Old High German Ostarrîchi (the first element of which means "east" and stems from Proto-Germanic *austraz (“eastern”), and the second element of which is rīhhi (“realm”); it, in turn, is a calque of Latin Marchia austriaca (“eastern borderland”).


Malaysia

orang Malaysia


Andorra

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Albania

Borrowed from Dutch Albanië, from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Armenia

Ultimately from Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more.

Armenia (a country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus in Asia and Europe)


Bulgaria

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Bulgaria.

lbor

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Denmark

Internationalism, borrowed from English Denmark, from Danish Danmark, from Old Norse Danmǫrk.


Indonesia

From English Indonesia, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós, “Indus, India”) + νησιά (nēsiá, “islands”).

der

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


India

From Dutch India, from Latin India, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδία (Indía), from Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós, “Indus river”), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hiⁿdūš), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš (“river”).


Iran

From Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates. Doublet of aria, arya, Arya, and ayah.

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Lebanon

From English Lebanon, from Biblical Hebrew לְבָנוֹן (ləḇānôn). Cognate with Malay Lubnan.

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Oman

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Portugal

From Malay Portugal, from Portuguese Portugal, from Latin Portus Cale.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Thailand

Unadapted borrowing from English Thailand.


Australia

Australia (a country consisting of a main island, the island of Tasmania and other smaller islands, located in Oceania; historically, a collection of former colonies of the British Empire)


Brunei

From Malay Brunei, from Classical Malay بروني (Brunei), probably ultimately from Sanskrit वरुण (váruṇa).


Belarus

Bélarus (canonical)
Belarusia (alternative)

Internationalism, from Belarusian Белару́сь (Bjelarúsʹ), historical Бе́лая Русь (Bjélaja Rusʹ, “White Ruthenia or White Rus”), from Old East Slavic Бѣла Русь (Běla Rusĭ, “White Ruthenia or White Rus”).


Sri Lanka

From Sanskrit श्री लङ्का (śrī laṅkā, literally “holy island”).

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Georgia

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Geōrgia.

lbor

Georgia (a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Taiwan

The modern form may possibly be from English Taiwan or way older form reminiscent of Dutch Tayouan, from possibly Siraya. Recorded historically in Dutch as Tayouan (and other variants), and in Hokkien 大員 /大员 (Tāi-oân) (and other variants). The term initially referred to a sandbank peninsula that later silted up now wholly part of the island in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan, and eventually became the name of the entire island.

Republik Tiongkok
Republik Tiongkok#Indonesian

Taiwan (a partly-recognized country in East Asia consisting of a main island and 167 smaller islands; official name: Republik Tiongkok)


Korea

From Malay Korea, ultimately from Sino-Korean 고려(高麗) (Goryeo).

Korea (a geographic region consisting of two countries in East Asia, commonly known as South Korea and North Korea; formerly a single country)


Surinam

alternative spelling of Suriname: Suriname (a country in South America)


Swiss

From English Swiss, reinforced by French Suisse.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


AS

Amerika Serikat
Amerika Serikat#Indonesian

United States of America
United States of America#English

initialism of Amerika Serikat (= United States of America): a country in North America: USA


Jepang

Jêpang (canonical)
Djepang (alternative)

From Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún).

Japan (a country and archipelago of East Asia)


Belanda

From Malay Belanda, from Javanese ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦢ (walanda), from Portuguese Holanda (“Holland”), from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”).

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Jerman

Jèrman (canonical)
Djerman (alternative)

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Belgia

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Spanyol

From Malay Sepanyol, from Dutch spanjool (“Spaniard”), from Spanish español (“Spanish”), from Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispāniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Amerika Serikat

Amerika Sêrikat (canonical)
AS (alternative abbreviation)
Amrik (alternative abbreviation acronym acronym)

From earlier Amerika Sarekat, a calque of English United States of America. Also analysable as compound of Amerika + serikat, sarekat an older variant of the latter.

clq

United States of America (a country in North America)


Rusia

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).

der

Russia (a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Cina

From Malay Cina, from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), likely derived from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “State of Qin, Qin dynasty”).

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

China (a large country in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers; the People's Republic of China, since 1949)


Rumania

From Dutch Roemenië, Spanish Rumania, from Romanian România, from New Latin Rōmānia, from Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Rhōmānĭ́ā).


Irak

From Dutch Irak, from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq, “Iraq”), of uncertain derivation. Medieval Arabic uses ‘Iraq’ as a geographical term for the area in the south and center of the modern Iraq. Some Arabic sources say that Iraq comes from عَرِيق (ʕarīq, “deep-rooted”), from عِرْق (ʕirq, “root”), while others say it is from Middle Persian's Middle Persian ˀl'k' (/erāg/, “lowlands”), due to historic rule from Iraq's plateau-situated neighbor, Persia.

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kamboja

Kemboja (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

From Khmer កម្ពុជា (kampuciə), from Pali kamboja, ultimately from Sanskrit काम्बोज (kāmboja, the name of a tribe mentioned in Hindu scripture). Doublet of kemboja.


Afganistan

nonstandard or standard Indonesian (alternative)
standard Malay (alternative)

From Dutch Afghanistan, from Persian افغان (afġân, “Afghan”) or Arabic أَفْغَان (ʔafḡān, “Afghan”) + Persian ـستان (-estân, “place of”).

Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Amerika

America, United States of America (a country in North America; in full, United States of America)


Perancis

nonstandard form of Prancis: France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


Islandia

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

Iceland (an island and country in the North Atlantic Ocean in Europe)


Ukraina

From Ukrainian Украї́на (Ukrajína), from Middle Ukrainian оукраина (ukrayna), from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina), from оу (u, “at”) + краи (krai, “edge, rim”).

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Palestina

Palèstina (canonical)
Palestin (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch Palestina (“Palestine”), from Latin Palaestīna (“Roman province of Palestine”), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē, “Philistia and the surrounding region”), from Hebrew פְּלֶשֶׁת (p'léshet, “Philistia, land of the Philistines”).


Kirgizstan

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


Libanon

From Dutch Libanon, from Biblical Hebrew לְבָנוֹן (ləḇānôn), from Proto-West Semitic *laban- (“white”) (Compare Hebrew לָבָן (lāḇān, “white”), Arabic لَبَن (laban, “milk”)).

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Maroko

From Dutch Marokko, from Portuguese Marrocos and/or Spanish Marruecos, from Arabic مُرَّاكُش (murrākuš), from Berber ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴽⵓⵛ (amur n akuc, literally “Land of God”).


Inggris

From earlier Inggeris, from Malay Inggeris, from Portuguese ingrês, a now obsolete form of Portuguese inglês, from Old French angleis, from Old English Englisċ. Compare Tagalog Ingles.

Inggeris (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

United Kingdom
United Kingdom#English:_Q145

United Kingdom (a kingdom and country in Northern Europe)

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland#English:_Q174193

(historical) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (former official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe; in use from 1801–1927 (before being renamed by the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922))


Siam

(historical) Siam (former name of Thailand: a country in Southeast Asia)


Irlandia

Ireland (an island and country in northwestern Europe)


Norwegia

Learned borrowing from Latin Norwegia, Norvegia, from Old Norse Norvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”).

lbor

Norway (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Luksemburg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)


Vatikan

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Filipina

Inherited from Malay Filipina, from Spanish Filipinas, from Felipe (“the name of King Philip II of Spain”) + -inas.

af

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Singapura

From Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”). Equivalent to singa (“lion”) + pura (“city”).

compound

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965))


Kazakstan

From Dutch Kazachstan, from Kazakh Қазақстан (Qazaqstan).

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Timor Leste

From Portuguese Timor Leste (“Timor-Leste”), Timor (“Timor”) + leste (“east”). Cognate of Indonesian Timor Timur and Tetum Timor Lorosa'e.

East Timor, Timor Leste (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)

East Timor (Indonesian province)
Timor-Leste
id:Timor Leste


Yunani

From Malay Yunani, from Classical Malay يوناني (Yunani), from Arabic اليُونَان (al-yūnān, “Greece”), from Persian یونان (yunân), from Ancient Greek Ἰωνία (Iōnía, “Ionia”).


Dominika

Ultimately from Latin Dominica (“Lord's Day [Island], Sunday [Island]”).

der

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Hongaria

Hungaria (alternative)
Hungary (alternative)

From Dutch Hongarije. Compare with the Latin-borrowed Hungaria.


Finlandia

Learned borrowing from New Latin Finlandia, ultimately from Old Norse Finnland, likely through Swedish Finland.


UEA

Uni Emirat Arab
Uni Emirat Arab#Indonesian

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

initialism of Uni Emirat Arab (= United Arab Emirates): a country in West Asia, in the Middle East: UAE


Hungaria

From Latin Hungaria, by analogy with English Hungary. Compare with Hongaria, a borrowing from Dutch.


Yaman

From Malay Yaman, from Arabic اَلْيَمَن (al-yaman).

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Swedia

Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Mesir

From Malay Mesir,
from Classical Malay مصر (Mesir), from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr, “Egypt”).

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Kroasia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Tiongkok

China (a large country in East Asia, occupying the region around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers; the People's Republic of China, since 1949)


Republik Rakyat Tiongkok

People's Republic of China#English:_Q148

People's Republic of China (official name of China: a country in East Asia)


Republik Tiongkok

Republic of China
Republic of China#English:_Q865

Republic of China (official name of Taiwan: a partly-recognized country in East Asia; the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949)


Afrika Selatan

id-noun

Afrika Selatan (plural Afrika-Afrika Selatan)

Calque of Dutch Zuid-Afrika or Calque of English South Africa as Afrika + selatan.

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Arab Saudi

From calque of Arabic الْمَمْلَكَة الْعَرَبِيَّة السَّعُودِيَّة (al-mamlaka(t) al-ʕarabiyya(t) as-saʕūdiyya, “Kingdom of Saudi Arabia”).

clq

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Turki

Southeastern Europe
Southeastern Europe#English

Turkey (a country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in western Asia)


Siprus

Borrowed from Dutch Cyprus, from Latin Cyprus, from Ancient Greek Κύπρος (Kúpros).

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Selandia Baru

New Zealand (a country and archipelago of Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Prancis

From earlier spelling Perancis, from Malay Perancis (“French”), from Portuguese francês (“French”). Doublet of pirang.

Perancis (alternative)
Perancis (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


Pantai Gading

Calque of French Côte d'Ivoire as pantai (“beach; coast, seashore, shore”) + gading (“ivory”).

compound

Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire (a country in West Africa)


Republik Irlandia

Republic of Ireland
Republic of Ireland#English:_Q27

Republic of Ireland (long form of Ireland: an island country in northwestern Europe)


Korea Selatan

Koréa Selatan (canonical)
Korsel (alternative)

From Korea (“Korea”) + selatan (“south”).

Republik Korea
Republik Korea#Indonesian

South Korea (a country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula; official name: Republik Korea)


Korea Utara

Koréa Utara (canonical)
Korut (alternative)

North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea)


Yordania

From Dutch Jordanië, from Latin Iordanēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs), from Biblical Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén, “Jordan (river)”).

der

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Antigua dan Barbuda

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English:_Q781

Antigua and Barbuda (a country consisting of two islands in the Caribbean, Antigua and Barbuda)


Papua Nugini

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English:_Q691


Tanjung Verde

[ˌt̪aɲ.d͡ʒʊŋ ˈfər.də]

Compound of Tanjung (“cape”) + Verde, a calque of English Cape Verde, from Portuguese Cabo Verde (“Green Cape”).

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


Suriah

Republik Arab Suriah

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


head

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland#English:_Q145

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe)

id:Kerajaan Bersatu Britania Raya dan Irlandia Utara


Maladewa

Perhaps from Dutch Malediven, Maldiven. Possibly altered by phono-semantically matched folk etymology, reanalysed as a compound of mala- + dewa by law of Hobson-Jobson.

Maladif (alternative dated obsolete)
Maladiv (alternative dated obsolete)
Maladiwa (alternative dated obsolete)

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


Britania Raya

Compound of Britania + raya (“great”), partial calque of Dutch Groot-Brittannië (“Great Britain”), from Middle English, from Latin maior Britannia.

clq

Great Britain
Great Britain#English:_Q145

(loosely) Great Britain (the United Kingdom, a kingdom and country in Northern Europe including the island of Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland)


Inggris Raya

Compound of Inggris + raya (“great”), partial calque of Dutch Groot-Brittannië (“Great Britain”), from Middle English, from Latin maior Britannia.

United Kingdom (a kingdom and country in Northern Europe)


Ceko

Ultimately from Czech Česko (“Czech”), likely via southern Romance languages, such as Italian ceco, Spanish checo, and Portuguese tcheco. Compare Japanese チェコ and English Czecho-.

Czech (alternative Brunei Malaysia Singapore)

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


Belarusia

Bélarusia (canonical)
Belarus (alternative)

From Russian Белоруссия (Belorussija), historical Бе́лая Русь (Bjélaja Rusʹ, “White Ruthenia or White Rus”), from Old East Slavic Бѣла Русь (Běla Rusĭ, “White Ruthenia or White Rus”).


Bosnia dan Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Uni Emirat Arab

Compound of Uni + Emirat + Arab, from calque of English United Arab Emirates.

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Guinea Khatulistiwa

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English:_Q983

Equatorial Guinea (a country in Central Africa)


Sudan Selatan

Compound of Sudan + selatan (“south”), a calque of English South Sudan.

South Sudan (a country in East Africa, formerly the southern part of Sudan)


Republik Ceko

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


RRDK

Republik Rakyat Demokratik Korea#Indonesian

DPRK (initialism of Republik Rakyat Demokratik Korea (“Democratic People's Republic of Korea”), official name of North Korea: a country in East Asia)


Republik Rakyat Demokratik Korea

Républik Rakyat Démokratik Koréa (canonical)

/reˌpu.blik ˌrak.jat de.moˌkra.tik koˈrɛ.a/

[reˌpu.blɪk̚ ˌrak̚.jat̪̚ de.moˌkra.t̪ɪk̚ koˈrɛ.a]

Democratic People's Republic of Korea#English:_Q423

Democratic People's Republic of Korea (official name of North Korea: a country in East Asia)


Republik Filipina

Republic of the Philippines#English:_Q928

Republic of the Philippines (official name of the Philippines: a country in Southeast Asia)


Republik Indonesia

Republic of Indonesia
Republic of Indonesia#English:_Q252

Republic of Indonesia (official name of Indonesia: a country in Southeast Asia)


Republik Demokratik Kongo

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English:_Q974

Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa, the larger of the two countries named Congo)