Estonia

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


Pebrero

Borrowed from Spanish febrero (“February”).


Domingo

a male given name from Spanish, equivalent to English Dominic

a surname from Spanish [in turn originating as a patronymic], most common in Ilocos Norte


Garcia

From Spanish García, possibly of Basque origin. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish García


Peralta

From Spanish Peralta, toponymic surname from piedra alta. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Peralta, generally concentrated in Ilocos Sur and La Union


Valdez

From Spanish Valdez, spelling variant of Valdés, Asturian place name. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Valdés, most of which has been respelled to Valdez by analogy with surnames usually ending with -ez.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Asturian], equivalent to Spanish Valdez, widespread in Ilocos Region and Cagayan Valley; most prevalent in Pangasinan, La Union and Ilocos Sur


Molina

From Spanish Molina, occupational surname. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Molina, generally concentrated in Ilocos Sur


Tue

Mountain Province
Mountain Province#English

a barangay of Tadian, Mountain Province, Philippines


Pascua

From Spanish Pascua, from pascua.
As a surname, it is introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Ferrer

a common surname from Catalan, equivalent to Catalan Ferrer, common in Ilocos region.


Ramos

From Spanish Ramos, from ramos, plural of ramo (“branch”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Ramos, common on most Ilocano-speaking areas


Castillo

Borrowed from Spanish Castillo. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Castillo, widespread across Ilocano-speaking areas


Burgos

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos
José Burgos

From Spanish Burgos, from burgo.
* (surname): Spanish toponymic name. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.
* (municipalities in Ilocos Sur and La Union): Named after José Burgos, Filipino priest of the Gomburza movement.

sense

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Burgos, mostly found in Ilocos Sur

several municipalities in the Philippines

Burgos (a municipality of Ilocos Norte, Philippines)

Burgos (a municipality of La Union, Philippines)

Burgos (a municipality of Isabela, Philippines)


Salazar

From Spanish, of Basque origin. Literally, “old hall”.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Basque]


Sanchez

From Spanish Sánchez, from Sancho+-ez. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Sánchez: a surname from Spanish [in turn originating as a patronymic], mostly found in Ilocos Sur


Ramirez

From Spanish Ramírez. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Ramirez, Ramírez: a common surname from Spanish, generally concentrated in Ilocos Sur and La Union provinces


Acosta

From Spanish Acosta. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, common in Ilocos Sur

a barangay of Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines


Cardenas

From Spanish Cárdenas. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Martinez

Borrowed from Spanish Martínez, from Martín + -ez. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Martínez, generally concentrated around Ilocos Sur and La Union provinces


Llanes

From Spanish Llanes, from Asturian Llanes, after the municipality in Asturias, Spain. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Asturian], mostly found in Ilocos Sur


Villena

Borrowed from Spanish Villena, from Catalan.


Bautista

Borrowed from Spanish, from San Juan Bautista.


Alcala

From Spanish Alcalá, from Arabic القَلْعة (al-qalʕa, “the citadel, the fort”).


Tamayo

From Spanish Tamayo. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish mostly found in Ilocos Sur


Tolentino

From Spanish, after St. Nicholas of Tolentino (San Nicolás de Tolentino), from Tolentino in Italy.


Manzano

From Spanish Manzano, from manzano (“apple tree”). Surname originating from Badajoz province, Extremadura, Spain. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Manzano, common in Ilocos region


Hilario

Borrowed from Spanish Hilario, from Galician.

a male given name from Spanish, equivalent to English Hilary


Ancheta

Borrowed from Spanish Ancheta, from Basque.


Carbonell

From Catalan Carbonell. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Catalan, equivalent to Catalan Carbonell, common in La Union


Viloria

From Spanish Viloria. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Coloma

From Spanish Coloma. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Coloma, common in Ilocos Norte


Baldonado

Ultimately from Spanish, an alteration of Maldonado


Dumlao

From dumlaw (“to notice”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Ilocano, originating in Ilocos Norte


Marzan

From Spanish Marzán. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, generally concentrated in La Union and Ilocos Sur provinces


Beckel

a barangay of La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines


Agcaoili

Hispanization of agkawili. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, common in Ilocos Norte


Madriaga

From Spanish Madriaga. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Bumanglag

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Pagaduan

From adu. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, mostly found in Tarlac and eastern Pangasinan


Zulueta

Borrowed from Spanish Zulueta, from Basque.


Madamba

a surname from Ilocano, generally concentrated in Ilocos Norte


Madariaga

From Spanish Madariaga, from Basque Madariaga. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Basque], mostly found in Ilocos Norte


Cabanatuan

Cabanatuan (canonical)
Cabanatuán (canonical)

Cabanatuan (the largest city, the former provincial capital of Nueva Ecija, Central Luzon, Philippines)


Amami

From the incipit of the Ilocano translation of the Lord's Prayer. Literally, “Our Father”.


Badoc

a municipality of Ilocos Norte, Philippines


Batac

Batac (a city in Ilocos Norte, Philippines)


Bucaneg

a surname from Ilocano, borne by Pedro Bucaneg


Ballesteros

From Spanish Ballesteros, occupational surname from ballesteros (plural of ballestero). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.
The municipality is named after Gregorio Ballesteros, Filipino priest.

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Ballesteros

Ballesteros (a municipality of Cagayan, Philippines)


Garalde

From Basque Garalde and Garralde.
Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Garralde; spelling later changed due to trilled and flapped R being allophones, eventually displacing original.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Basque, common in Ilocos Norte


dela Cruz

Dela Cruz (alternative)
de la Cruz (alternative)

From Spanish de la Cruz, a reference to the Holy Cross.


Fariñas

From Spanish Fariñas, from Galician Fariñas. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Galician], common in Ilocos Sur and Ilocos Norte


Batallones

ilo-proper noun

Batallones (Kur-itan spelling ᜊᜆᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔)

From Spanish batallones. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish [in turn transferred from the common noun], common in Ilocos Norte


Aglipay

a surname from Ilocano, notably held by Gregorio Aglipay, founder of the Philippine Independent Church

a barangay of Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines


Baguio

Baguio (an independent city in Benguet, Luzon, Philippines)

central business district
central business district

(uncommon) the central business district of Baguio City


Ulep

From ulep (“cloud”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, common in Ilocos Norte


Vinoya

From buyaen. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Binuya (alternative)
Vinuya (alternative)

a surname from Ilocano, originating in Ilocos Norte but more common in Pangasinan


Manglicmot

Manglicmot (Kur-itan spelling ᜋᜅ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜋᜓᜆ᜔)


Bagaoisan

Old surname originating in present-day Ilocos Norte.


Macadangdang

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Macadandang

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname, mostly concentrated in Isabela, Tarlac and Ilocos Norte


Sabangan

a municipality of Mountain Province, Philippines.


de Guzman

a common surname from Spanish, common in Ilocos region.


Mamuad

a surname from Ilocano, originating in Ilocos Norte


Barroga

From baruga (“to throw a piece of wood or stick”). It also refers to a game similar to syato. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, found throughout Ilocandia


Galicinao

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Galisinao. The change of S to C is due to seseo in Philippine Spanish.


Duldulao

From duldulaw. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname, Duldulao, from Ilocano, mostly found in Ilocos Norte


De Guzman

Alternative letter-case form of de Guzman


Tumacder

From tumakder (“to stand up”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, mostly found in Ilocos Norte


Dancel

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Dansil; spelling is a Hispanization of the original


Cabatuan

a municipality in west-central Isabela, Philippines


Mamaclay

From mamaklay (“to carry on one's shoulders”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, mostly found on Ilocano settlers in Nueva Ecija


Rafanan

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, prevalent in Ilocos Sur


Pagatpatan

a surname, mostly found in Ilocos Norte, Cagayan and Isabela


La Union

From Spanish La Unión, from the union of several districts into a new province in 1850.

La Union (a province of the Ilocos Region, Luzon, Philippines; capital and largest city: San Fernando)


Ilocos Sur

Ilocos Sur (a province of the Ilocos Region, Luzon, Philippines; capital: Vigan; largest city: Candon)


Fairview

a barangay of Baguio, Benguet, Philippines


Mallig

a municipality in western Isabela, Philippines


Bontoc

Bontoc (a municipality, the capital of Mountain Province, Cordillera Administrative Region, Luzon, Philippines)


Mountain Province

Borrowed from English Mountain Province.

Inta agawid sadiay Mountain Province.

Come, let's go home to Mountain Province.

a province of the Cordillera Administrative Region, Luzon, Philippines; capital: Bontoc


Cagayan

Cagayan (a province of Cagayan Valley, Luzon, Philippines; capital and largest city: Tuguegarao)


Poblacion

ilo-proper noun

Población (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜓᜊ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)


Hakob

From Spanish Jacob, from Late Latin Iacobus, from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Hebrew יעקב (ya'aqóbh; Modern: Ya’akov, “Jacob”, literally “heel-grabber”), from עקב (‘aqev, “heel of the foot”).


Vigan

Borrowed from Spanish Vigan, also spelled as Bigan in early maps like the Velarde map (1734), originally from Ilocano Bigan. A common theory is that this word derived from Ilocano biga (“giant taro / Biga'a (Alocasia macrorrhizos)”) + -an (“locative suffix”) where Alocasia macrorrhizos plants once grew abundantly along the banks of the Mestizo River, from which Captain Juan de Salcedo derived the city's name, after a misunderstanding with the locals, thinking he was asking the name of the plants. The other theory derives this word from Hokkien 美岸 (Bí-gān, literally “beautiful coast”), possibly by Chinese settlers in the area.

der

Vigan (a city, the provincial capital of Ilocos Sur, Ilocos Region, Luzon, Philippines)


La Trinidad

ilo-proper noun

La Trinidad (Kur-itan spelling ᜎ ᜆ᜔ᜎᜒᜈᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

Trinidad (alternative)
LTB (alternative)

La Trinidad (a municipality, the capital of Benguet, Cordillera Administrative Region, Luzon, Philippines)


Alaminos

Alaminos (a city in Pangasinan, Philippines)


Bauang

Bauang (a municipality of La Union, Philippines)


Lagan

a barangay of Sabangan, Mountain Province, Philippines


Villaviciosa

ilo-head

Villaviciosa (Kur-itan spelling ᜊᜒᜎᜒᜀᜊᜒᜐᜒᜂᜐ)


Setiembre

ilo-proper noun

Setiembre (Kur-itan spelling ᜐᜒᜆᜒᜁᜋ᜔ᜊ᜔ᜎᜒ)

Borrowed from Spanish setiembre, alternative form of septiembre.


Sanchez Mira

Borrowed from Spanish Sánchez Mira, from Sánchez + Mira, named after Spanish brigadier general Manuel Sánchez Mira, who served as alcalde mayor of Cagayan.

named-after

Sanchez Mira (a municipality of Cagayan, Philippines)


Lucban

A name of several barangays in Baguio, Benguet, Philippines


Guimba

Guimba (a municipality of Nueva Ecija, Philippines)


Carbonel

a surname from Catalan, a spelling variant of Carbonell


Echague

Named after Spanish governor general Rafael de Echagüe y Bermingham.
The name came to be pronounced with /ɡe/ as the diaeresis in the U was dropped with the introduction of the modern Filipino alphabet.

Echague (a municipality of Isabela, Philippines)


Bacarra

ilo-proper noun

Bacarra or Bacarrá (Kur-itan spelling ᜊᜃᜎ)

Bacarra (a municipality of Ilocos Norte, Philippines)


Gaoiran

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos


Leaño

From Spanish Leaño. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos


Tuguegarao

Tuguegarao (a city, the provincial capital of Cagayan, Cagayan Valley, Luzon, Philippines; the regional capital of Cagayan Valley)


Bayombong

Bayombong (a municipality, the capital of Nueva Vizcaya, Cagayan Valley, Luzon, Philippines)


Cuyapo

Cuyapo (a municipality of Nueva Ecija, Philippines)


Lupao

Lupao (a municipality of Nueva Ecija, Philippines)


Baro a Tawen

ilo-proper noun

Baro a Tawë́n (Kur-itan spelling ᜊᜎᜓ ᜀ ᜆᜏᜒᜈ᜔)


Aldaw ti Wayawaya

Aldáw ti Wayawayá (Kur-itan spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜇᜏ᜔ ᜆᜒ ᜏᜌᜏᜌ)

Independence Day (holiday in the Philippines, held at June 12)


Libtong

a barangay of Bacarra, Ilocos Norte, Philippines


General Mamerto Natividad

General Mamerto Natividád (Kur-itan spelling ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜎᜎ᜔ ᜋᜋᜒᜎ᜔ᜆᜓ ᜈᜆᜒᜊᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

Named after Filipino general and revolutionary Mamerto Natividad.

named-after

General Mamerto Natividad
w:General Mamerto Natividad

General Mamerto Natividad (a municipality of Nueva Ecija, Philippines)


Casilagan

a barangay of San Juan, La Union, Philippines

a barangay of Santa Cruz, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

a barangay of Narvacan, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

a barangay of Banayoyo, Ilocos Sur, Philippines


Salomague

a barangay of Cabugao, Ilocos Sur, Philippines


Cabaroan

From kabaruan, from baro (“new”). Doublet of Cabaruan

a barangay of Santa Catalina, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

a barangay of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

a barangay of San Emilio, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

a barangay of Bantay, Ilocos Sur, Philippines


Banaoang

a barangay of Santa, Ilocos Sur, Philippines


Agpaoa

a surname from Ilocano, common in Ilocos Norte


Azurin

From earlier Azorín. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Azorín.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname, mostly found in Ilocos Sur (esp. Vigan)


Paoay

From paway (“open field outside of a town”)

Paoay (a municipality of Ilocos Norte, Philippines)


Daquioag

a surname from Ilocano mostly found in Ilocos Norte

a barangay of Marcos, Ilocos Norte, Philippines


Paguirigan

a surname, originating in Ilocos Norte but mostly found in Cagayan


Rumbaoa

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos. Compare Pangasinan Rombaoa, a respelled variant in Pangasinan.


Agtarap

[ʔɐɡ.tɐˈɾap]

From agtar-ap. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, mostly found in Ilocos Norte


Agbunag

From agbunag. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, originating in Ilocos Norte but mostly found in La Union


Agbulos

a surname from Ilocano, originating in Ilocos Sur


ᜇᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜏ᜔

ilo-proper noun

ᜇᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜏ᜔ • (dumlaw)


ᜆᜓᜋᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔

ᜆᜓᜋᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ • (tumakdil)


Namarsua

Namarsuá (canonical)
Mamarsua (alternative)

(religion) Creator (god who created the universe)


Caasi

From kaasi (“mercy”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Ilocano, common in Ilocos Norte and La Union


Bangued

a municipality, the capital of Abra, Cordillera Administrative Region, Luzon, Philippines


San Quintin

San Quintín (Kur-itan spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜃᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔)


Tumagos

a surname from Tagalog, common in Isabela


Mt. Province

Mountain Province
Mountain Province#Ilocano


Tadian

a municipality of Mountain Province, Philippines.


Bauko

Meronyms: Upper Bauko, Lower Bauko


BLISTT

Acronym of Baguio, La Trinidad, Itogon, Sablan, Tuba, and Tublay, all of which are in Benguet.

Sigun pay kinni direktor Tanggol, napintas ti koordinasyonda kadagiti opisyales ti BLISTT iti implementasyon dagiti proyekto.

2024 May 16, PTV Cordillera, 1:07 from the start, in Blistt Circumferencial Road Project ti DPWH, mapappapardas [Blistt Circumferencial Road Project of DPWH being rushed]:

Also according to director Tanggol, its nice their coordination with the officials of BLISTT on the implementation of projects.

a metropolitan area in Benguet, Philippines.


Panagbenga

[pɐ.nɐɡ.bɯŋˈŋaʔ]

Borrowed from Kankanaey Panagbenga, from panagbenga.

a month-long annual festival in Baguio held every February.


Gayang

a barangay of Sabangan, Mountain Province, Philippines


Pinget

Pínget or Píngët (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜒᜅᜒᜆ᜔)

a barangay of Baguio, Benguet, Philippines


Bakakeng

Bakákeng or Bakákëng (Kur-itan spelling ᜊᜃᜃᜒᜅ᜔)

Bakákeng (canonical)
Bakákëng (canonical)

A name of several barangays in Baguio, Benguet, Philippines


South Drive

South Drive (Kur-itan spelling ᜐᜏ᜔ᜆ᜔ ᜇ᜔ᜎᜌ᜔ᜊ᜔)


Military Cut-Off

Military Cut-off (Kur-itan spelling ᜋᜒᜎᜒᜆᜎᜒ ᜃᜆ᜔ᜂᜉ᜔)


Twin Peaks

Twin Peaks (Kur-itan spelling ᜆ᜔ᜏᜒᜈ᜔ ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔)

a barangay of Tuba, Benguet, Philippines


Saud

a barangay of Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte, Philippines


Allasitan

a barangay of Pamplona, Cagayan, Philippines


Wangal

a barangay of La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines


Asin

a road in Baguio and Tuba, Benguet, Philippines

a sitio in the barangay of Nangalisan, Tuba, Benguet, Philippines


Outlook Drive

Outlook Drive (Kur-itan spelling ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜎᜓᜃ᜔ ᜇ᜔ᜎᜌ᜔ᜊ᜔)


Sanitary Camp

Sanitary Camp (Kur-itan spelling ᜐᜈᜒᜆᜎᜒ ᜃᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔)


Rock Quarry

Rock Quarry (Kur-itan spelling ᜎᜃ᜔ ᜃᜓᜏᜎᜒ)


Peñarrubia

ilo-head

Peñarrubia (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜎᜓᜊᜒᜀ)

Named after the Spanish Military Governor of Abra, Don Esteban de Peñarrubia y Clemente.


Don Bosco

ilo-proper noun

Don Bosco (Kur-itan spelling ᜇᜓᜈ᜔ ᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜃᜓ)

a parish in Baguio, Benguet, Philippines


Trancoville

Trancoville (Kur-itan spelling ᜆ᜔ᜎᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜊᜒᜎ᜔)


Licuan-Baay

ilo-head

Licúan-Baáy (Kur-itan spelling ᜎᜒᜃᜓᜀᜈ᜔ᜊᜀᜌ᜔)

Licúan-Baáy (canonical)
Baay-Licuan (alternative)


Camdas

Named in the 1920s after Dampuyas Camdas, the original owner of the land.


Longlong

a sitio in Puguis, La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines

a road in Baguio and La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines


BAWADI

(Baguio, colloquial) Abbreviation of Baguio Water District.


Ducusin

a surname from Ilocano, common in La Union


Naguey

a barangay of Atok, Benguet, Philippines.