vildo

Mi^([sic]) ne povas enumerar omna ta brilanta verki, quin la kolekturo kontenas, e qui prizentas buketi, vildo, konfituri, skulturi, cizelita obyekti ed altra delikata e precoza kozi et^([sic]) vari.

I cannot enumerate all those brilliant works that the collection contains and that show bouquets, game, preserves, sculptures, chiseled objects and other delicate and precious items and wares.

Olim febla cervo celis su en groto por ne chasesor da la ruzoza volfi, qui sencese serchabas saporoza vildo por devoresar da oli.

2005 January, Fernando Tejón, “La timanta cervo”, in Adavane!, number 7, page 30:

Once a weak deer hid itself in a cave to avoid being hunted by the wily wolves, who ceaselessly searched for delicious game to be devoured by them.


mekaniko

Borrowed from English mechanics, French mécanique, German Mechanik, Italian meccanica, Russian меха́ника (mexánika), Spanish mecánica, all ultimately from Latin mēchanicus, from Ancient Greek μηχανικός (mēkhanikós).


podkasto

Borrowed from English podcast, French podcast, German Podcast, Italian podcast, Spanish podcast, Russian подка́ст (podkást).


karesmo

Borrowed from French carême, Spanish Cuaresma and Italian quaresima, ultimately from Latin quadragesima.


rezolvo

resolution, motion adopted by an organisation or body thereof


esquado

Borrowed from English squad, French escouade, German Eskadron, Italian squadra, Spanish escuadra.


eskadro

Borrowed from English squadron, French escadre, German Eskader, Italian squadra, Spanish escuadra, Russian эскадра (eskadra).


eskadrono

Borrowed from English squadron, French escadron, German Eskadron, Italian squadra, Spanish escuadrón, Russian эскадрон (eskadron).


bicoko

From bico (“bit”) + ok (“eight”) + -o (noun).

(neologism, mathematics, computing) octet, byte (of eight bits)


tirkesto

Borrowed from Esperanto tirkesto. Equivalent to tirar (“to draw, to pull”) + kesto (“closet, cupboard”).

af

La furtisto pozas la klefilo ye tirkesto.

1908, Delegitaro Por Adopta Di Linguo Helpanto Internaciona, Lektolibro, page 18:

1913,
Sur la tirkesti staras la maxim gracioza *bibeloti e vazi kun fresha flori.

On the drawers stand the most gracious bibelots and vases with fresh flowers.

En tirkesto di mea skribtablo el trovis neapertita letro amorala, e lo furiozigis el.

In a drawer of my desk she found an unopened love letter, and it enraged her.


stif-fratulo

stif-fratuli (plural)
stifa fratulo (alternative)

From stif- (“step-”) + fratulo (“brother”).


stif-fratino

stif-fratini (plural)
stifa fratino (alternative)

From stif- (“step-”) + fratino (“sister”).


stif-frato

stif-frati (plural)
stifa frato (alternative)

From stif- (“step-”) + frato (“sibling”).


stif-filio

stif-filii (plural)
stifa filio (alternative)


stif-genitoro

stif-genitori (plural)
stifa genitoro (alternative)

From stif- (“step-”) + genitoro (“parent”).


stif-filiulo

stif-filiuli (plural)
stifa filiulo (alternative)


stif-filiino

stif-filiini (plural)
stifa filiino (alternative)

From stif- (“step-”) + filiino (“daughter”).


stif-patro

stif-patri (plural)
stifa patro (alternative)

From stif- (“step-”) + patro (“father”).


stif-matro

stif-matri (plural)
stifa matro (alternative)

From stif- (“step-”) + matro (“mother”).


donacario

donacar (“to give, donate”) + -ario (“recipient of an action”)


depozario

depozar (“to deposit”) + -ario (“object of an action, recipient of an action”)

trustee, depositary, depository, guardian


sokurso

Borrowed from Italian soccorso, French secours, Spanish socorro and English succour. Equivalent to sokursar + -o.

Il hastis adportar sua sokursi homala e religiala a la viktimi di la koliziono, e restis sur la loko til l' arivo dil oficiala sokursanti (pumpisti, soldati, e c).

1914 January, “Melun”, in Laboro. Suplemento, page 3:

sokursar

to come to the aid of when in danger, succor


artokarpofrukto

artokarpo (“artocarpus (breadfruit tree, jack tree, etc.)”) + frukto (“fruit”)


artokarpo

Artocarpus (breadfruit tree, jackfruit tree, etc.)


avelano

Borrowed from French aveline, Spanish avellana, from Latin abellana.


bergamoto

Borrowed from English bergamot, French bergamote, German Bergamotte, Italian bergamotto, Spanish bergamota, Russian бергамот (bergamot).


cerizo

Borrowed from Esperanto ĉerizo, from English cerise, French cerise, Spanish cereza, Portuguese cereja, Russian чере́шня (čeréšnja).


citrusfrukto

citruso (“citrus”) + frukto (“fruit”), a calque of English citrus fruit.


citruso

Borrowed from English citrus, French citrus, German Zitrus, Russian ци́трус (cítrus).


fagonuco

fago (“beech”) + nuco (“walnut; nut”), calque of English beechnut.


nuco

Borrowed from German Nuss, Italian noce, Spanish nuez, ultimately from Latin nux.

(figuratively) nut: any hard shell enclosing a kernel


nucoruptilo

nuco (“walnut; nut”) + ruptilo (“contact breaker”), calque of English nutcracker, French casse-noix, Italian schiaccianoci, Spanish cascanueces.

af

2006 May/June, K. A. Janotta, "La ferma stansoldato", in Adavane!, issue 15, page 39.
La nucoruptilo facis kulbuti e l’ardezkrayono su movis gaye sur la planketo

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


ruptilo

ruptar (“break (by force), snap, rupture”) + -ilo (“tool, instrument”).


spiko

Lor ula sabato Iesu promenis tra la frument-agri, e lua dicipuli koliis spiki, manu-trituris e manjis oli.

1926, L. Kauling, Evangelio da Santa Lukas, page 25:

Once on a sabbath, Jesus walked through the wheat fields, and his disciples plucked ears, triturated them with their hands and ate them.


pektoro

Borrowed from Latin pectus, English pectoral, French pectoral, Italian pettorale, Spanish pectoral.

io-bor

... lua purpura pektoro bufanta da ridet-achi.

2014, Brian E. Drake, Nokto-gardeno ed altra rakonti, page 23:

... his/hers purple breast swollen up by grins.

e jus la bol(i)anta supo fluis sur sa (su) pektoro e vesti,

1908, Delegitaro Por Adopta Di Linguo Helpanto Internaciona, Lektolibro, page 83:

and just now the boiling soup flowed on his/hers chest and clothes.


eshafodo

Borrowed from French échafaud, German Schafott, Russian эшафот (ešafot).

framework (of timbers for a spectators' stand)

... sa (su) bona amikino e bona parentino, rejino Elisabeth, tranchigis sa (su) kolo sur eshafodo nigre tapetizita,

1908, Delegitaro Por Adopta Di Linguo Helpanto Internaciona, Lektolibro, page 32:

... her good (girl)friend and good (female) relative, queen Elisabeth, had cut of his/her neck on a black upholstered scaffold,

framework, scaffold (for execution of criminals)

... qua esas la precipua konstrukto-materialo por la eshafodo di la planto,

... which is the main construction material for the scaffold of the plant,

(architecture) scaffold; scaffolding, staging (for a mason, etc.)


dementerio

dementa (“insane, demented”) + -erio (“establishment, institution”)

suffix

mental hospital, lunatic asylum, madhouse


eviero

Borrowed from French évier, from Latin aquārium. Doublet of aquario.


vehilo

vehar (“to go / travel in a vehicle”) + -ilo (“tool”)


lauso

Borrowed from English louse, German Laus. Decision no. 1283, Progreso VII.


kortico

Borrowed from English cortex, Italian corteccia, Spanish corteza, from Latin corticeus/cortex.


hom-ocido

hom-ocidi (plural)
homocido (alternative)

homo (“human”) + ocido (“murder”), calque of English homicide, French homicide, Italian omicidio, Spanish homicidio.

(archaic) [1907–1910]


akademiano

Borrowed from Esperanto akademiano. Equivalent to akademio (“academy”) + -ano (“member”).

academician (member of academe or a specific academy)


axiomo

Borrowed from English axiom, French axiome, German Axiom, Italian assioma, Russian аксио́ма (aksióma), Spanish axioma.


aktorulo

From aktoro (“actor; actress”) + -ulo (“male”).


sidilo

From sidar (“to sit”) + -ilo (“instrument”).

En sidilo an tablo en lekto-chambro, Grigor Przbewski perdis su inter libri qui ne esis, inter pagini qui ne turnis, inter vorti qui ne sonis.

2014, Brian E. Drake, Nokto-gardeno ed altra rakonti, page 91:

In a chair at a table in the reading room, Grigor Przbewski was lost between his books which never was, between pages which never turned, between words which was never said.


bersilo

From bersar (“to rock (a child)”) + -ilo (“instrument”).

Nultempe bersilo pozesis sur ta sulo.

Never was a cradle placed on that ground.

Ol venenizas la vivo di la homi de la bersilo til la tombo.

It poisons the life of the humans from the cradle to the grave.


myelo

From Esperanto mjelo, from Ancient Greek μυελός (muelós).


interviuvo

From interviuvar (“to interview”) + -o (“noun”).


sexuala orientalizo

io-noun

sexuala orientalizo (plural sexuala orientalizi)


sexuala orientalizi

sexuala orientalizo
sexuala orientalizo#Ido


chasohundo

chasohundi (plural)
chaso-hundo (alternative)
chas-hundo (alternative)

From chaso (“hunt”) + hundo (“dog”), a calque of English hunting dog, French chien de chasse, German Jagdhund, Italian cani da caccia, Russian охо́тничья соба́ка (oxótničʹja sobáka), Spanish perro de caza.

calque

охо́тничья соба́ка

Forestero rakontis, ke lua chasohundo plu kam unfoye trompis lu, ...

1913, Robert Auerbach, Fr Schneeberger, Hans Moiser, Mondolinguo: Weltsprache - Volumes 6-7, page 52:

A forester said, that his hunting dog more than once deceived him, ...


chasohundi

chashundi (alternative)
chaso-hundi (alternative)
chas-hundi (alternative)


chaso

From chasar (“to chase, hunt”) + -o (“noun”).


retopagino

retopagini (plural)
pagino (alternative)

From reto (“web”) + pagino (“page”), calque of English web page.


glikoso

Borrowed from English glucose, French glucose, German Glukose, Italian glucosio, Russian глюко́за (gljukóza), Spanish glucosa, ultimately from Ancient Greek γλῠκῠ́ς (glŭkŭ́s). The "i" vowel was chosen instead of a more common "u" to be parallel with the Greek pronunciation (/y/ and /i/) and to be resemble other words derived from the same root: glicerio (“glyceria, panicularia, manna-grass”), glicerino (“glycerine”), glicino (“glycine, glucina”), glikokolo (“glycocoll”).


flecho

Borrowed from French flèche, Italian freccia, Spanish flecha.

io-bor

(military, fortification) bonnet, flèche, simple redan


utensilo

Borrowed from English utensil, French ustensile, German Utensil, Italian utensile,Spanish utensilio, all ultimately from Latin ūtensilem, accusative of ūtensilis.

Do la dardo kun la retro-hoki esas ne armo kontre altra animali, nek utensilo por borar o segar.

Therefore the dart with the backwards hook is the weapon against other animals, neither instrument for piercing or sawing.


cinematografilo

cinematografili (plural)
cinemo (alternative)

From cinematografar (“to show moving pictures”) + -ilo (“instrument”).


krimino

Borrowed from English criminal, French criminel, German kriminell, Italian crimine, Russian кримина́л (kriminál), Spanish crimen.

io-bor

lukti, furti, rapti, asasini,
tra yarcenti mil e mil krimini.
L'avideso ya por la ter-oro

1994 September-December, "Danjeroza metalo", Progreso, 302, 16. En la tero jacas, ve! metalo qua produktas omnasorta malo


strucho

Borrowed from English ostrich, French autruche, German Strauß, Italian struzzo, Russian стра́ус (stráus), Spanish avestruz.


charioto

Borrowed from French chariot. Paronym to charo.

goods van, truck (a four-wheeled sided wagon for carrying goods)


omnibuso

Borrowed from English omnibus, French omnibus, German Omnibus, Italian omnibus, Russian о́мнибус (ómnibus), Spanish ómnibus, all ultimately from Latin omnibus.


trauro

Borrowed from German Trauer and Russian тра́ур (tráur).


fiancitulo

From fiancito (“fiancé (neutral)”) + -ulo (“male”).


fiancitino

From fiancito (“fiancé (neutral)”) + -ino (“female”).


mitralioso

Borrowed from English mitrailleuse, French mitrailleuse, German Mitrailleuse, Italian mitragliatrice, Russian митралье́за (mitralʹjéza).


recepciono

Borrowed from English reception, French réception, German Rezeption, Italian recezione, Spanish recepción, from Latin receptiōnem, accusative singular of receptiō (“the act of receiving; reception”).


agulo

Borrowed from French aiguille, Italian ago, Spanish aguja.


menajerio

Borrowed from English menagerie, French ménagerie, German Menagerie.


aviaco

Borrowed from English aviation, French aviation, Italian aviazione, Russian авиа́ция (aviácija), Spanish aviación, all ultimately from Latin avis, from Proto-Italic *awis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis.


tuberkloso

Borrowed from Esperanto tuberkulozo, English tuberculosis, Russian туберкулёз (tuberkuljóz), German Tuberkulose, Italian tubercolosi, French tuberculose and Spanish tuberculosis.


laboruro

work, product (something that has been made by labour)


mestiero

Borrowed from Esperanto metio, adapted to resemble Italian mestiere, also from French métier and German Metier.


shovinismo

Borrowed from Esperanto ŝovinismo, English chauvinism, French chauvinisme, German Chauvinismus, Italian sciovinismo, Russian шовини́зм (šovinízm), Spanish chovinismo.


internacioneso

internationality (the quality or state of being international)


borgezo

Borrowed from Italian borghese, Spanish burgués.

member of the bourgeoisie, middle-class person


subtileso

subtlety, discreetness (quality or state of being subtle)


subtilajo

subtlety, subtle thing (something that is subtle)


domeno

Borrowed from English domain, French domaine, German Domäne, Italian dominio, Russian доме́н (domén) and Spanish dominio.


intermixo

the action of intermingling or the state of being intermingled


guvernerio

Per ta programo ni povus ganar la guvernerii multe plu facile kam nun, e co, me repetas, esas nia maxim grava e maxim urjanta tasko.

Through this programme we might win the governments over much more easily than now, and this, I repeat, is our most important and most urgent task.


uniono

Borrowed from Esperanto unio, English union, French union, Spanish unión and Italian unione.


konceso

Borrowed from English concession, French concession, Italian concessione, Spanish concesión.

concession (something conceded during (human) intercourse, such as negotiations or trade)


sajeso

Plu proxim ni, certe, la fervoyi igas ankore intermilitar la du sajesi.

1915, Louis de Beaufront, Patriotisme, page 19:


mondolinguo

Compound of mondo (“world, earth”) + linguo (“language”).

compound

Por atingar uneso, ti qui nun praktikas diversa mondolingui mustos future praktikar nur un.

1955, The International Language Review, page 42:

In order to achieve unity, those who now practice various world languages must in the future only practice one.


kasero

treasurer (someone supervising the funds of an organisation or club)


fervoyo

Borrowed from Esperanto fervojo. Equivalent to fero (“iron”) + voyo (“road, way”), calque of Italian ferrovia, German Eisenbahn, Russian желе́зная доро́га (želéznaja doróga), Spanish ferrocarril and French chemin de fer.

calque

желе́зная доро́га

railway/railroad (rail transport institute or network)


koliziono

Borrowed from Esperanto kolizio, English collision, French collision, Italian collisione, Spanish colisión.


hungro

Borrowed from English hunger and German Hunger.

Quarfoye acensis e decensis la suno, sen ke il povis trovar irgo por kontentigar la hungro.

Four times the sun ascended and descended, without that he could find anything to still the hunger.


frontiero

Borrowed from English frontier, French frontière, Italian frontiera, Spanish frontera.


skreno

Borrowed from English screen, French écran, German Schirm, Russian экра́н (ekrán).


nivo-floko

Esis sika frostklara dio en novembro kun griza cielo e kelka nivo-floki, qui formacis mola, griza polvo en la rot-sulki.

1991, Boris Pasternak, translated by Jürgen Viol, Doktoro Jivago, page 37:

2004 January/February/March, Simone Waisbard, "Le “Inka”-a Adamo ed Eva", tr. by Jean Martignon, in Kuriereo Internaciona, issue 1.
La nekredebla spektaklo dil Amerik-Indiana Mil Nokti e un Nokto dronesas sub nivo-floki e ye l’auroro an la rivo di perlomatrea lago, la termometro indikas min 10 gradi sub zero grado.

2006 May/June, Pedro Montero, "Noriko", tr. by Fernando Tejón, in Adavane!, issue 15, page 21.
Me sequis lu dum longa tempo, distanta ye ula pazi dop elu, e malgre ke la falanta nivo-floki preske sucesis desaparigar elua figuro, elua pazi, apene videbla sur la nivo parkovranta la sulo, posibligis a me sequar elu.

2014/2015, Khalil Jibran, "*Ila Profeto. Pri la Beleso", tr. by Partaka, in Posta Mundi: Jurnal inter IAL, issue 27, page 5.
Dum-somere, la falcheri dicas: "Ni vidabas ol dansar kun l'autunal foliaro, ed an olua hararo, ni vidis fluktuar nivo-floki."


glitveturo

Compound of glitar (“to slide, to glide”) + veturo (“vehicle”).

compound

1909 March 31, Edmondo De Amicis, "La lerneyo", tr by P. Lusana, in L'Espérantiste, vol. 12, issue 3, page 71.
Penseza la sennombra infanti, qui preske ye l'sama horo, en omna landi, iras a la lerneyo; videz li en tua spirito : li iras, iradas tra la stradeti di la tranquila vilaji, tra la stradi di l'bruisoza urbi, segun la rivi di l'mari et di l'lagi, hike sub ardoranta suno, ibe tra nebuli, sur barki en la regioni trasekata da kanali, kavalkante tra la vasta planaji, per glitveturi sur la nivo, tra vali e monteti, tra boski e torenti, supre tra la dezerta yoeti di l'monti, sola, duope, en grupi, en longa seri, omni kun sua libri sub la brakyo, milforme vestizita, parolanta mil idiomi, de la lasta lerneyi di Rusio, preske perdita meze la glacyeyi, ad la lasta lerneyi di Arabio, ombrizata per palmi, milioni e milioni de infanti, omni iras lernar e[n?] cent diversa formi la sama kozi.

Ton konocis ja antiqua Egiptani, qui transportis kolosala stonkargaji a granda disti per ligna glitveturi sur ligna voyi humidigita per saponaquo.


ratono

Borrowed from French raton (laveur) Spanish ratón (lavandero).

gloss

<i class="Latn mention" lang="es">laveur</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="es">lavandero</i>


emirio

emiro (“emir”) + -io (“country, region, domain, territory or province”)


bonbono

Borrowing from English bonbon, French bonbon and German Bonbon.


mokado

Borrowed from Esperanto mokado. Equivalent to mokar + -ado.


altajo

Borrowed from Esperanto altaĵo. Equivalent to alta + -ajo.

highland, height, elevation (high place or region)


po cent

Lu prestis a me kinacent dollar-i ye la procento di kin po cent.

He/she lent me five hundred dollars at the percentage of five percent.


preonklo

pre- (“great-”) + onklo (“uncle or aunt”)


sexuismo

From sexuo (“sex”) + -ismo (“suffix denoting a system, doctrine or cult”).


axoloto

From Classical Nahuatl āxōlōtl, from ātl (“water”) + xōlōtl (“slippery or wrinkled one, servant, slave”).


siorulo

From sioro (“sir, Mr; madam, Ms”) + -ulo (masculine suffix). Doublet of siniorulo.


siorino

From sioro (“sir, Mr; madam, Ms”) + -ino (feminine suffix). Doublet of siniorino.


bebeo

Borrowed from English baby, French bébé, German Baby, Italian bebè, Russian бе́би (bébi), Spanish bebé.

io-bor

Mea fratino parturis sua duesma bebeo hodie.

My sister gave birth to her second baby today.


krucho

Borrowed from Esperanto kruĉo, English crock, French cruche, German Kruke.

« Plenigez ta kruchi ye aquo. »

1908, Johann Baptiste Pinth, Jesu Kristo. Sa biografio segun la quar evangelyi, page 18:


abatajaro

From abatar (“to knock, beat, strike down, fell”) + -aj- + -aro.


siejo

Borrowed from Esperanto sieĝo, English siege, French siège. By surface analysis, siejar (“to besiege”) + -o (nominal desinence).


evismo

From evo (“age”) + -ismo (“suffix denoting a system, doctrine or cult”).


lakrimo

Borrowed from Italian lacrima, Italian lágrima, and English lacrimal and French lacrymal.

lakrimigar

to produce tears, to cause to shed tears


skurelo

Borrowed from English squirrel, French écureuil.


spatulo

Borrowed from English spatula, French spatule, German Spatel, Italian spatola, Russian шпа́тель (špátelʹ), Spanish espátula.


almono

Borrowed from English alms, French aumône, German Almosen.


sulfo

Borrowed from English sulfur, French soufre, Italian zolfo, Spanish azufre. Was reduced to match words like sulfide, sulphite, etc.


situeso

state of affairs
state of affairs#English


korespondo

Borrowed from Esperanto korespondo, German Korrespondenz, Russian корреспонде́нция (korrespondéncija), English correspondence, French correspondance, Italian corrispondenza and Italian correspondencia.

bor

корреспонде́нция

correspondence, exchange of letters or another means of reciprocal communication


entraprezo

Borrowed from English enterprise, French entreprise, Italian impresa, Spanish empresa.

io-bor

enterprise, undertaking, activity, project


hezito

From hezitar + -o. Cf. Esperanto hezito.


acioni

Quik pos la edito dil acioni on sendos la rispektiva numerizita exempleri ad omna acioniero.

Immediately after the publishing of the stock we will send the respective numbered copies to every stockholder.


acioniero

From aciono (“share”) + -iero (“holder”).


instrukto

Esas anke atencinda, ke la rezulto dil linguala instrukto dil skoli generale ne esas brilanta, tam pri parolala kam pri skribala savo.

1914, “Suplemento”, in Langue auxiliaire, page 5:

It is also noteworthy that the result of the language instruction of the schools is in general not brilliant, both with respect to spoken as for written knowledge.

instruction (the act of giving/receiving education or an instance thereof)


transiro

Borrowed from Esperanto transiro (“transition”). Equivalent to transirar + -o and trans + iro.

transirar

to go across (to the other side), to traverse

La transiro de modelo a tipo eventas, se la modelo vole o nevole ne kopiesas precize, en ica kazo la modelo divenas quaze tipo di la kopiuri, do tala modelo esas quaze tipo < a priori >.

La energio restas quantesale konstanta tra omna formi; ma ol degradesas qualesale per la transiro de un formo ad altra.

1913, Mondolinguo: Weltsprache, page 90:

Por faciligar la transiro a ti de nia lekteri, di qui l'abono esas rinovigenda en APRILO ed OKTOBRO, ni aceptos eceptale, en ica yaro e nur unfoye, aboni de tri monati departanta de un de ca du dati (1 franc por Francia; 1 fe. 25 exterlande).

1914, La langue auxiliaire: organe propagateur de l'IDO, page 16:


dizastro

Borrowed from Italian disastro, English disaster, Spanish desastre and French désastre.


indikilo

Borrowed from Esperanto indikilo. Equivalent to indikar + -ilo.

indicator (something used for indicating)


Japoniano

Japoniani (plural)
Japono (alternative apocopic)


literaturajo

Borrowed from Esperanto literaturaĵo. Equivalent to literaturo + -ajo.


burjono

Borrowed from Esperanto burĝono, English burgeon, French bourgeon.

E subite me savis, ke esas printempo, sunobrilanta, varma aromoza printempo kun barbotanta rivereti, krevanta burjoni e gaya homala kordii!

1911, Mondolinguo. Weltsprache, page 182:

And immediately I knew that it is spring, sunny, warm aromatic spring with splashing creeks, bursting buds and merry human hearts!


tisuo

Borrowed from English tissue, French tissu, Italian tessuto.


kreitaro

Borrowed from Esperanto kreitaro. Equivalent to kreito + -aro.

creation; the totality of all that has been created; all that exists


komto

Borrowed from English count, French comte, Italian conte, Spanish conde, all deriving from Latin comes. The use of -m- instead of -n- is to avoid confusion with konto (“account”).

count, earl (aristocrat, ruler of a county)


erco

Borrowed from German Erz. Decision no. 887, Progreso VI.


desfacilajo

(countable) difficulty, problem, challenge (something that is difficult)


plako

Borrowing from French plaque, Italian placca, Russian пли́тка (plítka) and Spanish placo. Also found in English plate and German Platte.

plakizar

to plate (over), sheathe, sheet over, veneer, overlay

plate, sheet, slab: flat piece of metal, etc.


bubono

Borrowed from English bubo, French bubon, German Bubo, Italian bubbone, Russian бубо́н (bubón), Spanish bubón.


geonkli

ge- (“both sexes”) + onkli (“uncle or aunt”)


mestieristo

From mestiero (“occupation, trade”) + -isto.

tradesperson, craftsperson, artisan worker


fundamentisto

Early 20th century. From fundamento + -isto. Possibly from Esperanto.

fundamentalist; one who is extreme and intractable in opinion (originally chiefly in matters of language)


agrokultivisto

From agrokultivo (“agriculture”) + -isto (“profession”) and agro (“field”) + kultivisto (“cultivator”).


senhemeso

From sen- (“without, -less”) + hemo (“home”) + -eso (-ity, -ness, -ship).


genepoti

ge- (“both sexes”) + nepoti (“grandchildren”)

prefix

(plural only) grandsons and granddaughters


incendiopumpilo

From incendio (“fire”) + pumpilo (“pump”, noun).


policistaro

From policisto (“police officer”) + -aro.


dorsosako

From dorso (“back”) + sako (“sack”), a calque of English backpack, French sac à dos, German Rucksack. Compare Esperanto dorsosako.


dusenceso

ambiguity (state or quality of having two divergent meanings)


avantajo

Borrowed from Esperanto avantaĝo, English advantage, French avantage, Italian vantaggio, Spanish ventaja. First attested in 1908.

io-bor

1908, "Hamet e Rashid", orig. by Herder & Liebeskind, Unesma Lektolibro.
La bonkordya Hamet admiris la audacoza superbeso di Rashid, e regretis sekrete en su, ke il ne riskis l'unesma ta granda demando, same kam Rashid joyeskis ja en sua kordyo pri l'avantajo, quan il havos ye la simpla Hamet, quale posedanto e proprietaryo di Ganjo.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


remediacho

To omna pruvas, ke ol esas nur remediacho, e ke nur la numeri esas uzenda por la noto-referi.

1925, L. Beaufront, Kompleta Gramtiko Detaloza di la Linguo Internaciona Ido, Editerio Krayono, published 2004, page 182:

All of this demonstrates that it is only a bad, half-arsed solution and that only numbers should be used for references in notes.

A poor, inferior remedy or solution; a low-quality stopgap or kludge.


katedro

Borrowed from Esperanto katedro, English cathedra, German Katheder, Italian cattedra, Russian ка́федра (káfedra), Spanish cátedra, from Latin cathedra, from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra).


solvuro

solution, homogeneous mixture (mixture into which substances have been dissolved)

solution (something that solves a problem)


planajo

From plana (“flat, level”) + -ajo (“thing”).

plain, flatland (area with little variation in relief)


gracio

Borrowed from Esperanto graco, Spanish gracia, Italian grazia, French grâce and English grace.


laboristaro

Borrowed from Esperanto laboristaro. Equivalent to laboristo + -ar-.

Li mentiis, ke la laboristaro ja oficiale ed internacione adoptis Espo.

They lied that the working class already officially adopted Esperanto internationally.


proximesko

rapprochement, the process of moving or growing closer together


partiso

Borrowed from Idiom Neutral partis, English partisan, French partisan, German Partisan, Italian partito, Russian па́ртия (pártija), Spanish partido. Decision no. 1305, Progreso VII.

(politics) party, political party, faction (political organisation seeking to represent members and/or voters)


vortolibro

From vorto (“word”) + libro (“book”), a calque of English wordbook and German Wörterbuch.


lexiko

Borrowing from English lexicon, French lexique, German Lexikon, Italian lessico, Russian лексико́н (leksikón) and Spanish léxico. The -n- in the source languages was omitted in order for lexikala (“lexical”) to match counterparts in natural languages.

lexicon, dictionary (esp. of Greek, Latin, Hebrew)


kapitalo

Borrowed from Esperanto kapitalo, English capital, French capital, German Kapital, Italian capitale, Russian капита́л (kapitál), Spanish capital.


vapornavo

Compound of vaporo (“steam”) + navo (“ship”), calque of English steamship, German Dampfschiff, Italian nave a vapore, Spanish barco de vapor and French bateau à vapeur.


rurano

From ruro (“countryside”) + -an- (“inhabitant or member of”).

suf

A person from a rural region, a country dweller.


paperacho

From papero + -ach-. Compare French paperasse.


esamo

Borrowing from French essaim and Italian sciame.


dezinenco

Borrowed from English desinence, French désinence, German Desinenz, Italian desinenza, Spanish desinencia. Decision no. 754, Progreso V.

io-bor

(grammar, linguistics) desinence: formative suffix, word ending


lokomoco

Borrowing from English locomotion, French locomotion, Italian locomozione and Spanish locomoción.

lokomocar

to move from place to place; to locomote


visilo

From visar (“to screw in: turn in a screw”) + -ilo.


quakero

Borrowing from English Quaker, French quaker, German Quäker, Italian quacchero, Russian ква́кер (kváker) and Spanish cuáquero.

Esas ulo reale Kristana en la vorto «Amiko» ed ulo tre Kristatra en la Quakero.

There is something really Christian in the word "Friend" and something very Christian-ish in the Quaker.


veino

Borrowing from Esperanto vejno, English vein, French veine, German Vene, Italian vena, Russian ве́на (véna) and Spanish vena. The -i- was added to not confuse the word with veno.


operaco

(surgery, military, mathematics, finance) operation


suburbo

From sub- (“below”) + urbo (“city”), calque of English suburb, Italian sobborgo and Spanish suburbio.


laveyo

laundry, washing room, washhouse (place where one washes)


shikano

Borrowed from English chicanery, chicane, French chicane, German Schikane.

io-bor

chicanery, an act or instance of chicanery; quibble.


krugo

(wooden or metal) mug, pot (as used for carrying or measuring liquids)


seciono

Borrowed from English section, French section, German Sektion, Italian sezione, Russian се́кция (sékcija), Spanish sección, all ultimately from Latin sectiō.

section (subdivision of anything: a text, organisation, group, etc.)


fanfaronado

Borrowed from Esperanto fanfaronado, English fanfaronade, French fanfaronnade, Spanish fanfarronada. Equivalent to fanfaronar + -ado.


shildo

Borrowed from Esperanto ŝildo, English shield, German Schild.

Skuto esas speco di shildo, mikra, portanta la blazono di ulu; e konseque, irga plako shildo-forma e portanta blazono, imajo o surskriburo.

An escutcheon is a type of shield, small, bearing somebody's blazon; and as a result, any shield-shaped sheet that bears a blazon, image or writing.


sketeyo

skating rink (course or circuit for ice skating or rollerskating)


dentifrico

Borrowed from English dentifrice, French dentifrice, Italian dentifricio, Spanish dentífrico.

dentifrice, toothpaste or any other substance for cleaning the teeth


charniro

Borrowed from Esperanto ĉarniro, French charnière, German Scharnier, Italian cerniera, Russian шарни́р (šarnír), Spanish charnela.


aquovortico

From aquo (“water”) + vortico (“whirl”).


palpebragar

io-head

palpebragar (present palpebragas, past palpebragis, future palpebragos, conditional palpebragus, imperative palpebragez)

palpebragas (present)
palpebragis (past)
palpebragos (future)
palpebragus (conditional)
palpebragez (imperative)
palpebragar (infinitive present)
palpebragir (infinitive past)
palpebragor (future infinitive)
palpebragas (present)
palpebragis (past)
palpebragos (future)
palpebragus (conditional present)
palpebragez (imperative present)
palpebraganta (active adjective participle present)
palpebraginta (active adjective participle past)
palpebragonta (active adjective future participle)
palpebragante (active adverbial participle present)
palpebraginte (active adverbial participle past)
palpebragonte (active adverbial future participle)
palpebraganto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
palpebraginto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
palpebragonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
palpebraganti (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
palpebraginti (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
palpebragonti (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)

From palpebro (“eyelid”) + -agar (“to act”).


kandeliero

From kandelo (“candel”) + -iero (“holder”).


yarmilo

Borrowed from Esperanto jarmilo. Equivalent to yaro + mil + -o.


kontredico

contradiction (action of speaking in opposition, quality of being discrepant)


kordono

Borrowed from English cordon, French cordon, German Kordon, Italian cordone, Russian кордо́н (kordón), Spanish cordón.

io-bor

epidemiala kordono

military, sanitary cordon: a line of sentinels, guards

tirkordono

check string (for doors, carriages, etc.)


bonfaco

bonfaci (plural)
bon-faco (alternative)
bonafaco (alternative)
bona-faco (alternative)

From bonfacar (“to do good; to do good to”) + -o (nominal desinence) and bona (“good”) + faco (“making, doing”).

af

ed pluse oficiala publika festo en Basel, un ek ta „floro-dii", la subite moderna speco di „festi por bonfaco"

1911, Robert Auerbach, Hans Moiser, Fr Schneeberger, Mondolinguo: Weltsprache - Volume 4-5, page 161:

and a further official public festivity in Basel, one of those "flower days," the unexpected modern kind of "festivities for benefaction"

Unesme ica bonfaco extensesis nur ad la verki da MAYER. e JOULE, pro ke la questiono esis pri la yuro

1913, George Sarton, Isis - Volume 1, University of Chicago Press, page 523:

Firstly this benefaction was only extended to the works of MAYER. and JOULE, because the question was about the rights

e samideano Populus vice diskursar pri Reda Kruco, ipse, grave vundita povis balde juar la bonfaco di la Reda Kruco en hospitalo

and co-opinionist Populus instead of discoursing about the Red Cross, self, gravely wounded could soon rejoice the benefit of the Red Cross in a hospital

benefaction, good offices, benefit, favor


krespo

Borrowed from French crêpe. The additional s was probably added from the Italian and Spanish word crespo, to not cause confusion with the Ido word krepo (“crape”).


padelo

Borrowed from Italian padella, Spanish padilla.

io-bor

frying pan, skillet: metal vessel with long handle used for frying


kasrolo

Borrowed from French casserole, German Kasserolle, Italian casseruola, Russian кастрю́ля (kastrjúlja), Spanish cacerola.


kulturlinguo

Compound of kulturo + linguo, calque of German Kultursprache.


Kreinto

Creator, creator god. alternative letter-case form of kreinto, which see.


bujio

Borrowed from English bougie, French bougie, Spanish bujía.


kandio

Borrowed from English candy, French candi, German Kandis, Russian кандис (kandis).

candy, sugar candy, rock candy: crystallized candy


frigorizilo

From frigorizar (“to refrigerate”) + -ilo.


kaloro

Borrowed from English caloric, French calorique, Italian calore, Spanish calor.


ministo

Borrowed from Esperanto ministo. Equivalent to minar + -isto.


derivajo

Borrowed from Esperanto derivaĵo, equivalent to derivar + -ajo.


decimalo

Borrowed from English decimal, French décimal, German Dezimale, Italian decimale, Spanish decimal, from Latin decimalis.


kleriko

Borrowed from Esperanto kleriko, English cleric, French clerc, German Kleriker, Italian chierico, Russian клирик (klirik), Spanish clérigo, from Latin clēricus, from Ancient Greek κληρικός (klērikós).


gespozi

husband and wife
husband and wife#English

(plural only) husband and wife (mixed-sex married couple)


kodexo

Borrowed from English codex, French codex, German Kodex, Italian codice, Russian ко́декс (kódeks), Spanish códice.

Segun ilu, ed il esis justa, « l’intersanta fakto esas, ke la penado di omni, per sucedanta elimini … aparigis quaze kodexo di l'fundamentala legaro konstitucanta di linguo internaciona.

According to him, and he was right, “the interesting fact was, that everyone’s suffering, with succeeding eliminations … was made appearent as if it was the code of the fundamental and constitucional law of the international language.

La nuva Suisana Civil Kodexo, qua valoreskis de la 1 jan. 1912, esas omnube regardata kom modela lego; […]

1911, Mondolinguo: Weltsprache, Volume 4–5, page 22:

The new Swiss Civil Code, which will come into action from the 1st of January, 1912, is everywhere seen as a model law; […]

(Ma existas signo-lingui kun kompleta vortari, ex. la Kodexo di la navala signali : e nia vortaro, qua existas anke, esas nur infinite plu naturala e plu facile memorebla kam la vortaro tote artificala di la dicita Kodexo !)

1913, Progreso, Volume 5, C. Delgrave, page 247:

(But there are sign languages with complete dictionaries, ex. the Code of the Nautical Signals: and our dictionary, which also exists, is only infinitely more natural and easier to remember than the dictionary which is totally artificial of said Code!)

Vu havas la yuro recevar membro-karto, nia kodexo plurlingua e nia revuo trimestrala kontenanta plu kam 50 pagini, […]

You have the right to receive a member card, our multilanguage codex and our trimester magazine which has more than 50 pages, […]

(law, computing, signal, etc.) code, codex


civila kodexo

From civila and kodexo. Calque of English civil code, French Code civil, German Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, Italian codice civile, Russian гражда́нский ко́декс (graždánskij kódeks), Spanish código civil.

cal

гражда́нский ко́декс


naz-binoklo

From nazo (“nose”) + binoklo (“glasses”).

"La distraktita profesoro pri logiko qua, pro presbiteso, uzis nazbinoklo, kustumis pozar sua binoklo en la libro kande il interruptis la lektado."

1914, Félix Mirot, La Langue Auxiliaire, page ?:

"The distracted logic professor who, because of farsightedness, used pince-nez, used to put his pince-nez in the book when he interrupted the lecture."


Espisto

From Espo + -isto. Could also be realized as a shortened form of Esperantisto.

Espisti faliigar la senpartisa propozo da urbestro LINDHAGEN ed altri en la Sueda parlamento (1912), pri la « konverto » of So WAVRINSKY, pri la sucesi di Ido en Hungaria, ed atencigas fine la nuna deklaro dil Espisti, ke l'autoritati ne povas e ne darfas « kaptar » Espo e l'institucuri Espista. La vivanta linguo di vivanta populo certe balde esos sekreta linguo dil vivinta sekto homarana. E ni Idisti esperas, ke l'autoritati sempre esos plu erudita kam suspektas la Espisti »!

Esperantists are causing the partyless proposition by mayor LINDHAGEN and others in the Swedish parlament (1912), concerning the "conversion" of Mr. WAVRINSKY, about the success of Ido in Hungary to fail, and are finally putting to attention the current decleration of the Esperantists, that authorities are not able to and cannot legally "capture" Esperanto and the Esperantist institutions. The living language of a living people will soon certainly be a secret language of the living human sect. And we Idists hope, that authorities will always be better taught than what the Esperantists will suspect"!


ivoro

Borrowed from English ivory, French ivoire, Italian avorio.


ingrediento

Borrowed from English ingredient, French ingrédient, German Ingredienz, Italian ingrediente, Russian ингредие́нт (ingredijént), Spanish ingrediente. Decision no. 896, Progreso VI.


klauno

Borrowed from English clown, French clown, German Clown, Italian clown, Russian кло́ун (klóun), Spanish clown. Decision no. 900, Progreso VI.


mamifero

Borrowed from French mammifère, Italian mammifero, Spanish mamífero. Decision no. 902, Progreso VI.


porteo

Borrowed from French portée, Italian portata.

range (of a weapon, shot, bullet, missile, of a voice, etc.)


decendanto

From decendar + -anto. Borrowed from English descendant, French descendant, Italian discendente, Spanish descendiente. Decision no. 1394, Progreso VII.

singular nominal present active participle of decendar


biblo

bibli (plural)
biblio (alternative)
Biblo (alternative)

Borrowed from English Bible, French Bible, German Bibel, Italian Bibbia, Russian би́блия (bíblija), Spanish Biblia. Decision no. 1241, Progreso VII. The form without -i- was chosen to differentiate the word from other Greek derived words like biblioteko where biblio doesn’t relate to the Bible.


sinso

Borrowed from English sense, French sens, German Sinn, Italian senso. Decision no. 4, Progreso IV by the technical subcommittee.

progreso

(mathematics) sense: one of two opposite directions


stufajo

From stufar (“to stew”) + -ajo. Compare French étouffée, Italian stufato, Spanish estofado.


kationo

Borrowed from English cation, French cation, German Kation, Italian catione, Russian катио́н (katión), Spanish catión.


autoryuro

autoryuri (plural)
autoroyuro (alternative)
autoro-yuro (alternative)
autor-yuro (alternative)
yuro di autoro (alternative)

From autoro (“author”) + yuro (“right”), calque of French droit d'auteur, German Urheberrecht, Russian а́вторское пра́во (ávtorskoje právo), Spanish derechos de autor.

calque

а́вторское пра́во


prostraco

Borrowed from English prostration, French prostration, Italian prostrazione, Russian простра́ция (prostrácija), Spanish postración.

io-bor

prostracar

to be in a state of prostration, be prostrated


kartocho

Borrowed from Esperanto kartoĉo, English cartridge, French cartouche, Italian cartuccia, Spanish cartucho.

(firearms, computing, video games) cartridge


licenco

deviation from strict fact, form or rule (by artist or writer)

licentiate: a European university degree between that of bachelor and doctor


paviliono

Borrowed from Esperanto pavilono, English pavilion, French pavillon, German Pavillon, Italian padiglione, Russian павильо́н (pavilʹón), Spanish pabellón, all ultimately from Latin pāpiliō.


papiliono

Borrowed from Esperanto papilio, French papillon, ultimately from Latin pāpiliō.


iracego

From iraco (“anger”) + -eg- (augmentative).


bretelo

Borrowed from French bretelle, Italian bretella.

strap (to carry a knapsack, pack, etc.), strap, sling (for a musket, rifle)


parasuno

From para- (“against”) + suno (“sun”). Decision no. 193, Progreso III.

En altra flori, la korolo ludus la rolo di parasuno.

In other flowers, the corolla plays the role of a parasol.

parasol, umbrella (against the sun), sunshade


kolibrio

Borrowed from French colibri, German Kolibri, Italian colibrì, Russian коли́бри (kolíbri), Spanish colibrí. Compare Esperanto kolibro.


koluziono

Borrowed from English collusion, French collusion, German Kollusion, Italian collusione, Spanish colusión. Decision no. 1425, Progreso VII.


raupo

Borrowed from Esperanto raŭpo, German Raupe.


fristo

On grantas a vu fristo de tri monati por pagar vua debaji.

You are granted a period of three months to pay your debt.


vestaro

clothes, attire, dress, toilet, garb, habiliment


konsequo

Borrowed from English consequence, French conséquence, German Konsequenz, Italian conseguenza, Spanish consecuencia.

konsequar

to follow, result, ensue (from something)

konsequantajo

consequent (event, thing, issue), consequence


sumoo

Borrowed from English sumo, French sumo, German Sumo, Italian sumo, Russian сумо́ (sumó), Spanish sumo.

(neologism, rare) sumo (form of wrestling)


buletino

Borrowed from English bulletin, French bulletin, German Bulletin, Italian bollettino, Russian бюллете́нь (bjulleténʹ), Spanish boletín. Decision no. 215, Progreso III, 1341, Progreso VII.


homardo

Borrowed from French homard, German Hummer, Russian ома́р (omár). Decision no. 11, Progreso II.


pijamo

Borrowed from English pajamas, French pyjama, German Pyjama, Italian pigiama, Russian пижа́ма (pižáma), Spanish pijama.


legumo

Borrowed from Esperanto legomo, English legume, French légume, Italian legume, Spanish legumbre.


agnelo

Borrowed from French agneau, Italian agnello, Russian а́гнец (ágnec). Decision no. 195, Progreso III.

Ma se il ofrus agnelo kom sua pek-ofro, il devas prenar sana agnelo femina.

But if he offers a lamb as his sin offering, he should bring a sound female lamb.


virgino

From virgo (“virgin”) + -ino (“feminine suffix”).


shakfiguro

shakar (“to check, put in check (chess)”) + figuro (“figure”)


vortospeco

(grammar) part of speech (the function a word or phrase performs)


inversigo

(grammar) inversion (phenomenon or action of placing the predicate before the subject)


dursto

Borrowed from English thirst, German Durst.


arkivisto

Borrowed from Esperanto arkivisto, English archivist, French archiviste, Italian archivista, Spanish archivista, also derived from arkivo + -isto.

Ube esos la sucedanto por nia arkivisto?

2010, Eberhard Scholz, “Hike parolas la Direktanta Komitato”, in Ido-Saluto!, number 3, page 3:

Where will be the successor to our archivist?


skulturo

Borrowed from English sculpture, French sculpture, German Skulptur, Italian scultura, Russian скульпту́ра (skulʹptúra), Spanish escultura, also derived from skultar + -uro.


foseto

Borrowed from French fossette, Italian fossetta and derived from foso + -eto.


fosato

Borrowed from French fossé, Italian fossato.


kauciono

Borrowed from English caution, French caution, German Kaution, Italian cauzione, Spanish caución.


peninsulo

Borrowed from English peninsula, French péninsule, Italian penisola, Spanish península.


vitobero

Derived from vito (“vine”) + bero (“berry”).


bubino

From bubo (“urchin, waif, kid (living on street), gamin”) + -ino.


skalo

Borrowed from English scale, French échelle, German Skala, Italian scala, Russian шкала́ (škalá), Spanish escala.


fortiganti

plural nominal present active participle of fortigar


fortiginti

plural nominal past active participle of fortigar


fortigonti

plural nominal future active participle of fortigar


fortigati

plural nominal present passive participle of fortigar


fortigiti

plural nominal past passive participle of fortigar


fortigoti

plural nominal future passive participle of fortigar


idealisto

Borrowed from Esperanto idealisto, English idealist, French idéaliste, German Idealist, Italian idealista, Russian идеали́ст (idealíst), Spanish idealista. By surface analysis, ideo + -al- + -isto.

surf

idealist (someone whose conduct stems from idealism rather than from practicality)


broshuro

Borrowed from Esperanto broŝuro, English brochure, French brochure, German Broschüre, Russian брошю́ра (brošúra).


linguisto

Borrowed from Esperanto lingvisto, English linguist, French linguiste, German Linguist, Italian linguista, Russian лингви́ст (lingvíst), Spanish lingüista. Equivalent to linguo + -ist-.


teknikala

Borrowed from English technical. Equivalent to tekniko + -ala.


apelinte

adverbial past active participle of apelar


apelonte

adverbial future active participle of apelar


skrubturnilo

From skrubo (“screw”) + turnilo (“turning device (tool), wrench”).


kindo

Borrowed from German Kind. Decision no. 661, Progreso IV.


adoroti

plural nominal future passive participle of adorar


adoriti

plural nominal past passive participle of adorar


adorinti

plural nominal past active participle of adorar


adoronti

plural nominal future active participle of adorar


antiheroo

From anti- + heroo. Calque of English antihero.


exkavilo

excavator (heavy machinery used to excavate earth)


aklamanto

singular nominal present active participle of aklamar


pseudoefedrino

pseudo- (“pseudo-”) + efedrino (“ephedrine”)


sugato

singular nominal present passive participle of sugar


superioro

Borrowed from English superior, French supérieur, German Superior, Italian superiore, Spanish superior.


argumentinti

plural nominal past active participle of argumentar


argumentonti

plural nominal future active participle of argumentar


argumentiti

plural nominal past passive participle of argumentar


argumentoti

plural nominal future passive participle of argumentar


rodero

From rodar (“to gnaw”, verb) + -ero (nominal suffix).


tradukuro

translation (result of translating between languages)


disho

Borrowed from English dish. Also partially from German Tisch. Decision no. 159, Progreso III.


aortito

Borrowed from English aortitis, French aortite, German Aortitis, Italian aortite, Russian аорти́т (aortít), Spanish aortitis.


kultivisto

From kultivar (“to cultivate”) + -isto (“profession”).


bretel-paro

From bretelo (“brace, suspender”) + paro (“pair”)


dupo-spozulo

From dupo (“dupe”) + spozulo (“husband”)


universala charniro

io-noun

universala charniro (plural universala charniri)


universala charniri

universala charniro
universala charniro#Ido


hego-roziero

From hego (“hedge”) + roziero (“rose bush”)


gondo-bendo

From gondo (“pintle”) + bendo (“strip, band”)


subpeninsulo

From sub (“under, sub-”) + peninsulo (“peninsula”)


adolecanto

Derived from adolecar + -anto, from adoleco (“adolescence”), and borrowed from English adolescent, French adolescent, Italian adolescente, Spanish adolescente.

io-bor

adolescent, teenager (between puberty and maturity)


komunitato

Borrowed from English community, French communauté, Italian comunità, Spanish comunidad.

(also ecology, religion, Internet, etc.) community (a group sharing common characteristics)


stelionato

Borrowed from English stellionate, French stellionat, Italian stellionato, Russian стеллионат (stellionat), Spanish estelionato, all ultimately from Latin stelliōnātus (“cozenage, trickery”).


nov-yaro

nov-yari (plural)
novyara (alternative)
novyaro (alternative)


atlantano

From Atlanta (“Atlanta”) + -ano (“-an”).


mohammedano

From Mohammed (“Mohammed”) + -ano (“-an”)


dukio

duchy (dominion or region ruled by a duke or duchess)


episkopio

bishopric, diocese, episcopate (region of a church which a bishop governs)


parokio

From paroko (“parish priest, rector”) + -io.


rejio

From rejo (“sovereign, ruler, king, queen, monarch”) + -io.

af

rejo<t:sovereign, ruler, king, queen, monarch>

kingdom (realm having as supreme ruler a king or queen)


kopulo

Borrowing from Spanish cópula, German Kopula, English copula, French copule, Russian ко́пула (kópula), Italian copula. See also Esperanto ligverbo.


kopulaco

Borrowing from Esperanto kopulacio, Spanish copulación, German Kopulation, English copulation, French copulation, Russian копуля́ция (kopuljácija), Italian copula.

(zoology) mating (pairing of organisms for copulation)


matrikulo

Borrowing from Esperanto matrikulo, Spanish matrícula, German Matricula, English matricula, French matricule, Russian матрикула (matrikula), Italian matricola.

(politics, sociology) matricula (register in which names are entered consecutively, as for a hospital, prison, society, etc.)


genezo

Borrowings from Esperanto genezo, Spanish génesis, German Genesis, English genesis, French genèse, Russian ге́незис (génezis), Italian genesi.

(sciences) genesis (the origin, start, or point at which something comes into being)


filogenezo

Borrowings from Esperanto filogenezo, Spanish filogénesis, German Phylogenese, English phylogenesis, French phylogenèse, Russian филогения (filogenija), Italian filogenesi.

(biology) phylogeny, phylogenesis (evolutionary development of species)


biogenezo

Borrowings from Esperanto biogenezo, Spanish biogénesis, German Biogenese, English biogenesis, French biogenèse, Russian биогене́з (biogenéz), Italian biogenesi.


elektrotekniko

Borrowings from Esperanto elektrotekniko, Spanish electrotecnia, German Elektrotechnik, English electrotechnics /electrotechnology /electric engineering /electro-engineering, French électrotechnique, Russian электроте́хника (elektrotéxnika), Italian elettrotecnica.

bor

электроте́хника

electrical engineering
electrical engineering


elektrodinamiko

Borrowings from Esperanto elektrodinamiko, Spanish electrodinámica, German Elektrodynamik, English electrodynamics, French électrodynamique, Russian электродина́мика (elektrodinámika), Italian elettrodinamica.

электродина́мика

(physics) electrodynamics (study of phenomena associated with moving electric charges)


elektroterapio

Borrowings from Esperanto elektroterapio, Spanish electroterapia, German Elektrotherapie, English electrotherapy, French électrothérapie, Russian электротерапи́я (elektroterapíja), Italian elettroterapia.

электротерапи́я

(medicine, pharmacology) electrotherapy (use of electrical energy as a medical treatment)


elektrometro

Borrowings from Esperanto elektrometro, Spanish electrómetro, German Elektrometer /Elektrizitätsmesser, English electrometer, French électromètre, Russian электро́метр (elektrómetr), Italian elettrometro.

электро́метр


elektromotoro

Borrowings from Esperanto elektromotoro, Spanish motor eléctrico, German Elektromotor, English electric motor, French électromoteur, Russian электромото́р (elektromotór), Italian elettromotore.

электромото́р


tituliero

From tituli (“titles”, noun) + -ero (nominal suffix).


boxero

Borrowed from English boxer, French boxeur, German Boxer, Italian boxeur, Russian боксёр (boksjór), Spanish boxeador. By surface analysis, boxar + -ero.

io-bor

boxer, pugilist (participant in a boxing match; one who fights with their fists)


quarimo

one-fourth, quarter (one of four equal parts)


krozero

(nautical) cruiser (naval vessel detached from the fleet)


konstrukteso

From konstruktar (“to construct/build”, transitive verb) + -eso (nominal suffix).


blindeso

From blinda (“blind”, adjective) + -eso (nominal suffix).


poetiko

Borrowed from Esperanto poetiko, Ancient Greek ποιητῐκός (poiētĭkós), English poetics, French poétique, German Poetik, Italian poetica, Russian поэ́тика (poétika), Spanish poética.

io-bor

(philosophy, literature) poetics (the theory of poetry)


kronometrio

Borrowed from Esperanto kronometrio, Ancient Greek, English chronometry, French chronométrie, German Chronometrie, Italian cronometria, Russian хрономе́трия (xronométrija), Spanish cronometría.

bor

хрономе́трия

io-bor

хрономе́трия

(sciences) chronometry (the art of measuring time)


strofo

Borrowed from Esperanto strofo, Latin stropha, Ancient Greek στροφή (strophḗ), English strophe, French strophe, German Strophe, Italian strofa, Russian строфа́ (strofá), Spanish estrofa.


nigracho

From nigro (“black person”) + -ach (pejorative suffix) + -o. Compare Esperanto nigrulaĉo (“nigger”).


pastelo

Borrowed from Esperanto paŝtelo, Latin pastellum, Ancient Greek πάστη (pástē), English pastel, French pastel, German Pastell, Italian pastello, Russian пасте́ль (pastélʹ), Spanish pastel.