فلسطين

acw-proper noun

فَلَسْطِين or فِلِسْطِين • (falasṭīn or filisṭīn) f

فَلَسْطِين (canonical)
فِلِسْطِين (canonical)
falasṭīn (romanization)
filisṭīn (romanization)

Palestine (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; the State of Palestine; the homeland of the Palestinian people)


مصر

مَصُر • (maṣur) f

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


الكويت

الكُويت (canonical)
al-kuwēt (romanization)

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


السعودية

Ellipsis of المملكة العربية السعودية.

ellipsis

المملكة العربية السعودية

Ellipsis of المملكة العربية السعودية

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


الرياض

acw-proper noun

الرِّيَاض • (ar-riyāḍ) f

الرِّيَاض (canonical)
ar-riyāḍ (romanization)

Riyadh (the capital city of Saudi Arabia)


القاهرة

القاهرة • (algāhra) f


القدس

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


الأحد

days of the week: أيّام الأسبوع: الأحد · الاثنين · الثلثا


الله

الله • (aḷḷā) m


العراق

العِراق • (alʕirāg) f

العِراق (canonical)
alʕirāg (romanization)


ليل

ليل • (līl) f


قطر

قَطَر • (gaṭar) f

Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


الخميس

الخميس • (al-ḵamīs) m


البوسنة والهرسك

البوسنة والهرسك

البوسنة والهرسك • (al-bōsna wa-l-harsak) f

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


جدة

Jeddah (a port city in Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia)


فيتنام

فِيِتْنام (canonical)
fiyitnām (romanization)
viyitnām (romanization)


إستونيا

إستونيا • (ʔistōnya) f

bor

إِسْتُونِيَا

Arabic إِسْتُونِيَا (ʔistōniyā)

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


لبنان

acw-proper noun

لِبْنان • (libnān) f

لِبْنان (canonical)
libnān (romanization)

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


كمبيوتر

acw-noun

كمبيوتر • (kambyūtar) m (plural كمبيوترات (kambyūtarāt))

kambyūtar (romanization)
كمبيوترات (plural)


النرويج

acw-proper noun

النُّرْوِيج or النَّرْوِيج • (an-nurwīj or an-narwīj) f

النُّرْوِيج (canonical)
النَّرْوِيج (canonical)
an-nurwīj (romanization)
an-narwīj (romanization)

inh

اَلنُّرْوِيج

Norway (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


مين

acw-proper noun

مين • (mēn) f

Maine (a state of the United States; probably named for the province in France)


الاثنين

al-itnēn (romanization)
al-iṯnēn (romanization)


طوكيو

طوكْيو • (ṭōkyu) f

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


الدوحة

الدوحة • (ad-dōḥa) f


البحرين

البحرين • (al-baḥrēn) f

inh

الْبَحْرَيْن

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


تشاد

acw-proper noun

تْشَاد • (tšād) f

From Kanuri tsade (“lake”), after Lake Chad.


أوكرانيا

أوكرانْيا • (ʔukrānya) f

أوكرانْيا (canonical)
ʔukrānya (romanization)

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic أُوكْرَانِيَا (ʔūkrāniyā).

slbor

أُوكْرَانِيَا

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


اليونان

acw-proper noun

اليونان • (al-yūnān) f

Learned borrowing from Arabic الْيُونَان (al-yūnān), from Ancient Greek Ἰωνία (Iōnía, “Ionia”).


إندونيسيا

acw-proper noun

إندونيسيا • (ʔindunīsya) f

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


الفلبين

الفِلِبِّين • (al-filibbīn or al-filippīn) f

الفِلِبِّين (canonical)
al-filibbīn (romanization)
al-filippīn (romanization)

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


بلغاريا

balḡārya (romanization)
balgārya (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic بُلْغَارِيَا (bulḡāriyā).

lbor

بُلْغَارِيَا

Alternative form: بَلْقَاريا (balgārya)

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


جورجيا

acw-proper noun

جورْجِيا • (jōrjiya) f

جورْجِيا (canonical)
jōrjiya (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic جُورْجِيَا (jūrjiyā), Persian گور گیاه (gôr-giyâh)

lbor

Georgia (a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


نيويورك

acw-proper noun

نِيُو يورك or نْيُو يورك • (niyūyōrk or nyūyōrk) f

نِيُو يورك (canonical)
نْيُو يورك (canonical)
niyūyōrk (romanization)
nyūyōrk (romanization)

New York, New York City (the largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States, a metropolis extending into neighboring New Jersey)


علي

عَلِي • (ʕali) m


آسيا

آسيا • (ʔāsya) f

Learned borrowing from Arabic آسِيَا (ʔāsiyā).

lbor

Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean)

(historical) Asia (an ancient province of the Roman Empire in modern western Turkey, existing between 133 BC (during the Roman Republic) and the 7th century AD)


البرتغال

acw-proper noun

البُرْتُغال • (al-burtuḡāl or al-purtuḡāl) f

البُرْتُغال (canonical)
al-burtuḡāl (romanization)
al-purtuḡāl (romanization)


قبا

Alternative form: (standard spelling) قباء (gubāʔ)


قاسم

قَاسِم • (gāsim) m


إسبانيا

إسْبانْيا (canonical)
ʔisbānya (romanization)
ʔispānya (romanization)

From Spanish España, from Latin Hispānia.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


هولندا

هولَنْدا • (hōlanda) f

هولَنْدا (canonical)
hōlanda (romanization)

Ultimately from Old Dutch holt lant (“wood land”).

Holland (a traditional region of the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


أوربا

أورُبَّا (canonical)
ʔōrubba (romanization)
ʔōruppa (romanization)

bor

Arabic أُورُبَّا (ʔūrubbā)

Alternative form: أُورُوبَّا

Europe (a continent located west of Asia and north of Africa)


بولندا

bōlanda (romanization)
pōlanda (romanization)


المجر

المَجَر (canonical)
al-majar (romanization)


نجد

Najd, the central region of Saudi Arabia


سرقسطة

acw-proper noun

سَرَقُسْطَة • (sargusṭa) f

سَرَقُسْطَة (canonical)
sargusṭa (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic سَرَقُسْطَة (saraqusṭa).


الحجاز

acw-proper noun

الحجاز • (al-ḥijāz) f

Hejaz (a mountainous geographic area in northwest Saudi Arabia which gave rise to early Islam and which contains the sites of many holy places)

(historical) Hejaz (a former kingdom in modern Saudi Arabia, existing between 1924 and 1932, when it merged with Najd to form the present state of Saudi Arabia)


بورصة

بورصة • (būrṣa) f


ماليزيا

ماليزيا • (mālīzya) f


روما

روما • (rōma) f

Learned borrowing from Arabic رُومَا (rōma).

lbor

Rome (a major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)

Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)

(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)


أكرانيا

acw-proper noun

أُكْرَنيا • (ʔukrānya) f

أُكْرَنيا (canonical)
ʔukrānya (romanization)


تشيلي

تْشِيلي • (tšīli) f

تْشِيلي (canonical)
tšīli (romanization)

From Spanish Chile, from Quechua chiri (“cold”) chili.


أوسلو

أوسْلو • (ʔōslu or ʔōslō) f

أوسْلو (canonical)
ʔōslu (romanization)
ʔōslō (romanization)

bor

Arabic أُوسْلُو (ʔūslū)


كتلونيا

Directly from Catalan Catalunya or through English Catalonia.

Alternative form: (common spelling) كتالونيا (katālōnya)

autonomous community
autonomous community

Catalonia (an autonomous community in northeast Spain)


كوبنهاقن

acw-proper noun

كوبنهاقن • (kōbinhāgin) f

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


دقة

Learned borrowing from Arabic دُقَّة (duqqa), from Latin Thugga.

lbor

Dougga (an abandoned town and UNESCO world heritage site in Tunisia)


إنقلترا

acw-proper noun

إنْقِلْتْرا • (ʔingiltra) f

إنْقِلْتْرا (canonical)
ʔingiltra (romanization)

Alternative form: (a common spelling) إنجلترا (ʔingiltra)

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


سوتشي

سوتشي • (sōtši) f

From Russian Со́чи (Sóči), from Georgian სოჭი (soč̣i, “fir”) (The city belonged to Georgia during the VI-XV centuries).

Sochi, a city in Krasnodar krai, which hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics


بخارى

بُخارى • (buḵāra) f

بُخارى (canonical)
buḵāra (romanization)


البلقان

Learned borrowing from Arabic الْبَلْقَان (al-balqān).

lbor

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina

the Balkans (a cultural region and peninsula in Southeast Europe, roughly equivalent to the area covered by Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, sometimes including Romania, Slovenia, and European Turkey)


جزيرة العرب

acw-proper noun

جَزيرة العَرَب

جَزيرة العَرَب • (jazīrat al-ʕarab) f

جَزيرة العَرَب (canonical)
jazīrat al-ʕarab (romanization)

Composed of جَزيرَة (jazīra, “island”) + العَرَب (alʕarab, “the Arabs”).


فينا

فِيَنَّا (canonical)
fiyanna (romanization)
viyanna (romanization)

Alternative form: فِيِينَّا (fiyēnna)


شكاقو

acw-proper noun

شِكَاقو • (šikāgu) f

شِكَاقو (canonical)
šikāgu (romanization)

From English Chicago, from Miami šikaakwa (“wild leek, ramp; striped skunk”).

der

Alternative forms: شيكاقو (šīkāgu), شيكاغو (šīkāgu)

Chicago (a city in Illinois, United States)


أقادير

acw-proper noun

أَقَادِير • (ʔagādīr) f

أَقَادِير (canonical)
ʔagādīr (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic أَكَادِير (ʔagādīr), from a Berber language (compare Central Atlas Tamazight and Tashelhit ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ (agadir, “wall”)), ultimately from Punic 𐤂𐤃𐤓 (gdr /gādīr/, “wall”).

cog

Alternative form: أَغَادير (ʔaḡādīr)


برشلونة

acw-proper noun

برشلونة • (baršalōna) f

Learned borrowing from Arabic بَرْشَلُونة (baršalūna).

lbor

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)


مقدونيا

From Ancient Greek Μακεδονία (Makedonía, “Macedonia”), from μακεδονία (makedonía, “highland”), from μακεδνός (makednós, “high, tall”).

bor

Macedonia (a geographic region in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, including North Macedonia and parts of Greece, Bulgaria, Albania and Serbia)

(historical) Macedonia (an ancient Greek kingdom in Southeast Europe)

Macedonia (former name of North Macedonia, a country in Southeast Europe in the Balkans)

administrative region
administrative region

Macedonia (a geographic region and former administrative region of Greece)

Bulgarian Macedonia
Bulgarian Macedonia#English

Macedonia (a geographic region in southwestern Bulgaria; in full, Pirin Macedonia or Bulgarian Macedonia)

(historical) Macedonia (a former constituent republic of Yugoslavia)


كييف

acw-proper noun

كييف • (kiyīf or kiyēf or kiyīv or kiyēv) f

kiyīf (romanization)
kiyēf (romanization)
kiyīv (romanization)
kiyēv (romanization)

From Ukrainian Ки́їв (Kýjiv) or Russian Ки́ев (Kíjev).


هنقاريا

head

هَنْقاريا • (hangārya) f

هَنْقاريا (canonical)
hangārya (romanization)

bor

هَنْغَارْيَا

Arabic هَنْغَارْيَا (hanḡāryā)

Alternative form: هَنْغاريا (hanḡārya)


سلوفينيا

acw-proper noun

سلوفينيا • (slōfēnya or slōfīnya or slōvēnya or slōvīnya) f

slōfēnya (romanization)
slōfīnya (romanization)
slōvēnya (romanization)
slōvīnya (romanization)

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


فنزويلا

فنزويلا • (finizwēla or finzuwilla or vinizwēla or vinzuwilla) f

finizwēla (romanization)
finzuwilla (romanization)
vinizwēla (romanization)
vinzuwilla (romanization)


بنما

banama (romanization)
panama (romanization)


سنقافورة

سِنْقافورة (canonical)
singāfōra (romanization)
singāfūra (romanization)

From Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”).

compound

Alternative form: سِنْغافورة (sinḡāfōra)

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia)


بانكوك

acw-proper noun

بانكوك • (bānkōk) f


القطيف

head

القَطيف • (al-gaṭīf) f

القَطيف (canonical)
al-gaṭīf (romanization)

Eastern Province
Eastern Province#English

Qatif (a city in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia)


لاس فيقس

lās fēgas (romanization)
lās vēgas (romanization)

Alternative forms: لاس فيقاس (lās fēgās), لاس فيغاس (lās fēḡās)


البوسنة

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Bosnia (a geographic region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, consisting of the northern three fourths of the country)

البوسنة والهرسك
البوسنة والهرسك#Hijazi_Arabic

Bosnia (a country in southeast Europe; in full, البوسنة والهرسك (al-bōsna wa-l-harsak))

Bosna (a major river in Bosnia and Herzegovina)


الباكستان

acw-proper noun

الباكستان • (al-bākistān or al-pākistān) f

al-bākistān (romanization)
al-pākistān (romanization)

From Urdu پاکستان (pākistān, “Land of the Holy”)


مالقة

مَالقة (canonical)
Mālga (romanization)
Mālaga (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic مَالَقَة (mālaqa), q.v.

lbor

Alternative form: ملقا (Malaga)


قرطبة

acw-proper noun

قُرْطُبَة • (gurṭuba) f

قُرْطُبَة (canonical)
gurṭuba (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic قُرْطُبَة (qurṭuba).

lbor

Córdoba (the capital of the province of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain)

Córdoba (a province of Andalusia, Spain, around the city)


شقرا

acw-proper noun

شَقْرا • (šagra) f


كريت

كْريت • (krīt) f


بلنسية

بَلَنْسِيَة or بَلِنْسِيَة • (balansiya or balinsiya) f

بَلَنْسِيَة (canonical)
بَلِنْسِيَة (canonical)
balansiya (romanization)
balinsiya (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic بَلَنْسِيَة (balansiya), from Latin Valentia.

lbor

Valencia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain; in full, Valencian Community)

Valencia (a province of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


هونق كونق

acw-proper noun

هونق كونق • (hōng kōng) f

[ho̞ːŋɡ ko̞ːŋɡ]

From English Hong Kong, from Cantonese 香港 (hoeng1 gong2, “Fragrant Harbor”).

Alternative form: (common spelling) هونغ كونغ (hōnḡ kōnḡ)

Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


قادس

قادِس • (gādis) f

From Arabic قَادِس (qādis), from Latin Gādēs, from Ancient Greek Γάδειρα (Gádeira), from Phoenician 𐤂𐤃𐤓 (gdr /gādēr, gādīr/).


براق

From Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic بُرَاق (burāq).


براق

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


الأربعا

From Arabic الْأَرْبِعَاء (al-ʔarbiʕāʔ).

inh

الْأَرْبِعَاء

Arabic الْأَرْبِعَاء (al-ʔarbiʕāʔ)


كلونيا

Alternative form: (common spelling) كولونيا (kōlōnya)

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


سيشل

acw-proper noun

سيشل • (sēšil) f

Alternative form: سيشيل (sēšēl)

Seychelles (an archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean)


قشتالة

قشتالة • (gaštāla) f

Learned borrowing from Arabic قَشْتَالَة (qaštāla).

lbor

(historical) Castile (a medieval kingdom and former county in the Iberian Peninsula; the nucleus of modern Spain)

Castile (a vaguely defined geographical region of central Spain generally corresponding to the regions of Old and New Castile)


إيرلندا

acw-proper noun

إيرْلَنْدا • (ʔērlanda) f

إيرْلَنْدا (canonical)
ʔērlanda (romanization)

Ireland (an island and country in northwestern Europe)


لشبونة

lišbōna (romanization)
lišbūna (romanization)

Learned borrowing from Arabic لِشْبُونَة (lišbūna).

lbor

Iberian Peninsula
Iberian Peninsula#English

Lisbon (a port city on the Iberian Peninsula, at the mouth of the Tagus River on the Atlantic Ocean; the capital city of Portugal)


القرم

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic الْقِرِم (al-qirim), from Crimean Tatar Qırım.

slbor

Crimea (a geographic region and peninsula in Eastern Europe, jutting out into the Black Sea; de facto occupied and annexed in 2014 as a republic of Russia, but internationally recognized as an autonomous republic of Ukraine :)


بورتو

bōrtu (romanization)
pōrtu (romanization)

Porto (a city and municipality, the district capital of Porto district, Portugal)


فانكوفر

فانْكوفر (canonical)
fānkūfar (romanization)
vānkūvar (romanization)

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

Vancouver (a seaport, the largest city in British Columbia, Canada)

Vancouver (a city, the county seat of Clark County, Washington, United States)


الطايف

acw-proper noun

الطَّايف • (aṭ-ṭāyif) f

الطَّايف (canonical)
aṭ-ṭāyif (romanization)

inh

Arabic الطّائِف (aṭ-ṭāʔif)


ريقا

acw-proper noun

ريقا • (rīga) f

Alternative form: ريغا (rīga)


الجبيل

Jubail (a city in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia)


موناكو

موناكو • (mōnāku) f


نيوزيلندا

نْيُوزيلندا • (nyūzīlanda) f

نْيُوزيلندا (canonical)
nyūzīlanda (romanization)

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


نابلي

نابُلي (canonical)
nābuli (romanization)
nāpuli (romanization)

Alternative form: نابولي (nābuli)


فان غوخ

فان غوخ • (fān ḡōḵ or vān ḡōḵ) m

fān ḡōḵ (romanization)
vān ḡōḵ (romanization)

Van Gogh, Dutch draughtsman and painter.


جاوة

جاوة • (jāwa) f

From Javanese ꦗꦮꦶ (jawi), krama form of Javanese ꦗꦮ (jawa).


أوروقواي

أوروقواي • (ʔūrūgwāy) f

Alternative forms: أورُقواي (ʔūrugwāy), أوروغواي (ʔūrūḡwāy)


شانقهاي

شانْقْهاي • (šānghāy) f

شانْقْهاي (canonical)
šānghāy (romanization)

From Chinese 上海 (Shànghǎi, literally “Upon-the-Sea”).

bor

Alternative forms: شانغهاي (šānḡhāy), شنقهاي (šangahāy), شنغهاي (šanḡhāy)


ويلز

acw-proper noun

ويلْز • (wēlz) f

Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


المالديف

المالديف • (al-māldīf) f

Learned borrowing from Arabic اَلْمَالْدِيف (al-māldīf).

lbor

اَلْمَالْدِيف

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


باراقواي

acw-proper noun

باراقواي • (bārāgwāy or pārāgwāy) f

bārāgwāy (romanization)
pārāgwāy (romanization)

Alternative form: بارَقْواي (bāragwāy)


حران

حَرَّان • (ḥarrān) f

حَرَّان (canonical)
ḥarrān (romanization)


القصيم

القَصِيم • (al-gaṣīm) f

القَصِيم (canonical)
al-gaṣīm (romanization)


بلقاريا

بَلْقَاريا • (balgārya) f

بَلْقَاريا (canonical)
balgārya (romanization)

Alternative spelling of بلغاريا: Bulgaria


حجازي

حِجَازي • (ḥijāzi) m

حِجَازي (canonical)
ḥijāzi (romanization)


نبيلة

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


الثلوث

at-talūt (romanization)
aṯ-ṯalūṯ (romanization)


الربوع

acw-proper noun

الربوع • (ar-rabūʕ) m


الشرقية

الشَّرْقِيَّة

الشَّرْقِيَّة • (aš-šargiyya) f

الشَّرْقِيَّة (canonical)
aš-šargiyya (romanization)

From Arabic الشَّرْقِيَّة (aš-šarqiyya, “the eastern”).

inh

الشَّرْقِيَّة


القنفذة

القَطيف (canonical)
al-gunfuḏa (romanization)

Al Qunfudhah (a city in the Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia)


الثلثا

acw-proper noun

الثلثا • (at-tulata or at-tuluta or aṯ-ṯulaṯa or aṯ-ṯuluṯa) m

at-tulata (romanization)
at-tuluta (romanization)
aṯ-ṯulaṯa (romanization)
aṯ-ṯuluṯa (romanization)

From Arabic الثُّلُثَاء (aṯ-ṯuluṯāʔ), variant of الثُّلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯulāṯāʔ).

inh

Arabic الثُّلُثَاء (aṯ-ṯuluṯāʔ)


ربوع

head

ربوع • (rabūʕ) m