צרפת

he-proper noun

צָרְפַת • (tsarfát) f

צָרְפַת (canonical)
tsarfát (romanization)

/sˤɔːrˈfaθ/ [sˤɔːʀˈfaːθ]

/sˤɔrəˈfaθ/ [sˤɔː.ræˈfæːθ]

Appears twice in the Hebrew Bible. In the Book of Obadiah next to ספרד, when that word acquired its meaning as Spain, צרפת acquired a meaning of the country bordering Spain, France.

קוּם לֵךְ צָרְפַתָה אֲשֶׁר לְצִידוֹן וְיָשַׁבְתָּ שָׁם הִנֵּה צִוִּיתִי שָׁם אִשָּׁה אַלְמָנָה לְכַלְכְּלֶךָ׃

Tanach, 1 Kings [[s:he:T09a17#יז_ט|17:9]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

‘Arise, get thee to Zarephath, which belongeth to Zidon, and dwell there; behold, I have commanded a widow there to sustain thee.’

kúm lékh tsar'fáta 'asher l'tsidón v'yashavtá shám hiné tsivíti shám 'ishá 'almaná l'khalk'lékha.
qūm lēḵ ṣārəp̄áṯā ʾăšer ləṣīḏōn wəyāšaḇtā šām hinnē ṣiwwī́ṯī šām ʾiššā ʾalmānā ləḵalkəléḵā.

וְגָלֻת הַחֵל־הַזֶּה לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר־כְּנַעֲנִים עַד־צָרְפַת וְגָלֻת יְרוּשָׁלִַם אֲשֶׁר בִּסְפָרַד יִרְשׁוּ אֵת עָרֵי הַנֶּגֶב׃

Tanach, Obadiah [[s:he:T1601#א_כ|1:20]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And the captivity of this host of the children of Israel, that are among the Canaanites, even unto Zarephath, and the captivity of Jerusalem, that is in Sepharad, shall possess the cities of the South.

v'galút hakhél-hazé liv'néi yisra'él 'asher-k'na'aním 'ad-tsar'fát v'galút y'rushaláyim 'ashér bis'farád yir'shú 'ét 'aréi hanégev.
wḡālūṯ haḥēl-hazze liḇənē yiśrāʾēl ʾăšer-kənaʿănīm ʿaḏ-ṣārəp̄aṯ wəḡālūṯ yərūšāláyim ʾăšer bisəp̄āraḏ yīrəšū ʾēṯ ʿārē hannéḡeḇ.

(biblical, historical) Sarepta, Zarephath (Phoenician city in modern-day Lebanon)


רב

he-noun

רַב • (ráv) m (plural indefinite רַבִּים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

רַב (canonical)
ráv (romanization)
רַבִּים (indefinite plural)

From the other of the roots ר־ב־ב (r-b-b).
* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: /ʀav/

(biblical, obsolete) An archer: one who shoots arrows.


עבר

Cognate to Arabic عَبَرَ (ʕabara), and Akkadian ebēru.


מרים

he-proper noun

מִרְיָם • (miryám) f

מִרְיָם (canonical)
miryám (romanization)

desctree

→ Aramaic: מרים (maryám)
→ Classical Syriac: ܡܪܝܡ (maryam)
→ Arabic: مريم (maryam) (see there for further descendants)
→ Ancient Greek: Μαρία (María), Μαριᾱ́μ (Mariā́m) (see there for further descendants)

→ Czech: Miriam

→ Danish: Mirjam, Miriam

→ Dutch: Mirjam, Miriam

→ English: Miriam

→ Estonian: Mirjam

→ Faroese: Miriam

→ Finnish: Mirjami

→ French: Myriam, Miryam

→ German: Miriam, Mirjam

→ Hawaiian: Miriama, Miliama

→ Norwegian: Mirjam, Miriam

→ Portuguese: Maria, Miriam, Miriã

→ Slovene: Mirjam

→ Slovak: Miriam

→ Spanish: Miriam

→ Swedish: Mirjam, Miriam

→ Turkish: Meryem

Uncertain. Proposals include derivation from the root מ־ר־ר (m-r-r, “to be bitter”), or from the root מ־ר־י (m-r-y, “to mutiny, rebellion, disobedience”), or from Egyptian mry (“beloved”).

a female given name, Miriam
(biblical) Miriam


לאה

he-proper noun

לֵאָה • (Le'a)

From Proto-Semitic *layʾ-at- ~ laʾay-at- (“cow”), possibly from verbal root *l-ʾ-y "to be strong, mighty". Cognate with Akkadian 𒀖 (lītum, “cow”) and Arabic لَآة (laʔāh, “wild cow”).


רחל

→ German: Rahel

→ Ancient Greek: Ῥαχήλ (Rhakhḗl)

→ Old Armenian: Ռաքէլ (Ṙakʻēl)

→ Armenian: Ռաքել (Ṙakʻel)

→ Late Latin: Rachel

→ English: Rachel

→ Chinese: 拉結 /拉结 (Lājiē)

→ Yiddish: רייטשעל (reytshel)

→ Danish: Rakel

→ Greenlandic: Alaakkilli

→ Dutch: Rachel

→ Esperanto: Raĥel

→ Estonian: Raahel

→ Finnish: Raakel

→ French: Rachel

→ Galician: Raquel

→ German: Rachel

→ Hungarian: Ráchel

→ Icelandic: Rakel

→ Italian: Rachele

→ Lithuanian: Rachelė

→ Norman: Râché

→ Norwegian: Rakel

→ Polish: Rachela

→ Portuguese: Raquel

→ Japanese: ラケル (Rakeru)

→ Spanish: Raquel

→ Swedish: Rakel

→ Russian: Рахи́ль (Raxílʹ)

→ Hawaiian: Rāhela, Lāhela

→ Maori: Rāhera

→ Yiddish: רחל (Rokhl)

/rɔːˈħeːl/ [ʀɔˑˈħeː.el]

From Proto-Semitic *raḫil- (“ewe”). Cognate with Aramaic רַחְלָא (raḥlā) (absolutive: רְחֵל (rəḥēl)), Arabic رَخِل (raḵil) (also رِخْل (riḵl)).


מלכה

he-proper noun

מִלְכָּה • (milká) f [pattern: קִטְלָה]

מִלְכָּה (canonical)
milká (romanization)


אבטיח

he-noun

אֲבַטִּיחִים

אֲבַטִּיחַ • (avatíakh, 'avaṭṭíaḥ) m (plural indefinite אֲבַטִּיחִים)

אֲבַטִּיחַ (canonical)
avatíakh (romanization)
'avaṭṭíaḥ (romanization)
אֲבַטִּיחִים (indefinite plural)

Cognate with Aramaic אֲבַטִּיחָא and Arabic بَطِيخ (baṭīḵ), mentioned once, in the plural form, in the Hebrew Bible, Numbers 11:5 "זָכַרְנוּ אֶת־הַדָּגָה אֲשֶׁר־נֹאכַל בְּמִצְרַיִם חִנָּם; אֵת הַקִּשֻּׁאִים וְאֵת הָאֲבַטִּחִים". In the King James Version, אבטיחים is translated into "melons" rather than "watermelons": "We remember the fish, which we did eat in Egypt freely; the cucumbers, and the melons, and the leeks".

cog

Aramaic אֲבַטִּיחָא

lang

זָכַרְנוּ אֶת־הַדָּגָה אֲשֶׁר־נֹאכַל בְּמִצְרַיִם חִנָּם אֵת הַקִּשֻּׁאִים וְאֵת הָאֲבַטִּחִים וְאֶת־הֶחָצִיר וְאֶת־הַבְּצָלִים וְאֶת־הַשּׁוּמִים׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0411#יא_ה|11:5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

We remember the fish, which we were wont to eat in Egypt for nought; the cucumbers, and the melons, and the leeks, and the onions, and the garlic;

zakhárnu et-hadagá ashér-nokhál b'mitsráyim khinám ét hakishu'ím v'ét ha'avatikhím v'et-hekhatsír v'et-hab'tsalím v'et-hashumím.
zāḵárnū ʾeṯ-haddāḡā ʾăšer-nōḵal bəmiṣráyim ḥinnām ʾēṯ haqqiššūʾīm wəʾēṯ hāʾăḇaṭṭīḥīm wəʾeṯ-heḥāṣīr wəʾeṯ-habbəṣālīm wəʾeṯ-haššūmīm.

(biblical) some species of fruit similar to the modern watermelon or melon


מצרים

he-proper noun

מִצְרַיִם • (mitsráyim) f (Biblical Hebrew pausal form מִצְרָיִם)

מִצְרַיִם (canonical)
mitsráyim (romanization)
form מִצְרָיִם (Biblical-Hebrew pausal)

From a common Semitic source; compare Arabic مِصْر (miṣr) and Ugaritic 𐎎𐎕𐎗𐎎 (mṣrm). The ending is the standard dual form, perhaps related to the ancient conceptualization of Egypt as two realms: Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Connections have also been drawn to מֶצֶר (métser, “border, limit”) and מיצר / מֵצַר (meitsár, “sea strait”).

(biblical) Mizraim, son of Ham and grandson of Noah


שלמה

שְׁלֹמֹה • (shlomó) m

שְׁלֹמֹה (canonical)
shlomó (romanization)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Σολομών (Solomṓn), Σαλομών (Salomṓn), Σαλωμών (Salōmṓn), Σολομῶν (Solomôn), Σολωμών (Solōmṓn)
Greek: Σολομών (Solomón)
→ Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽 (saulaumōn)
→ Latin: Solomon
→ English: Solomon
→ Classical Syriac: ܫܠܹܝܡܘܿܢ (šlēmōn)
→ Arabic: سُلَيْمَان (sulaymān)
→ Azerbaijani: Süleyman
→ Chinese: 蘇萊曼 /苏莱曼 (Sūláimàn) (transliteration)
→ English: Suleiman
→ Kazakh: Сүлеймен (Süleimen)
→ Persian: سلیمان
→ Portuguese: Soeima
→ Turkish: Süleyman
→ Spanish: Zulema, Zuleima

→ Yiddish: שלמה (shloyme)
→ Dutch: Sjloume


נתן

he-proper noun

נָתָן • (natán) m

Compare Classical Syriac ܢܬܢ (nəṯan, “to give”) and Akkadian 𒈾𒁕𒉡𒌝 (nadānum, “to give”). Possibly cognate with Arabic نَتَنَ (natana, “to give off a foul smell, to stink”), which may have undergone semantic narrowing.

cog

(biblical) Nathan (an Old Testament prophet who advised King David)


אבישלום

he-proper noun

אֲבִישָׁלוֹם

אֲבִישָׁלוֹם • (avishalóm) m

אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (canonical)
avishalóm (romanization)
אַבְשָׁלוֹם (alternative)

→ Old Armenian: Աբիսողոմ (Abisołom)

Armenian: Աբիսողոմ (Abisoġom)

→ Koine Greek: Ἀβεσσαλώμ (Abessalṓm)

desctree

→ Latin: Abessālōm, Abessālōn, Absālōm, Absālōmus
→ Old Irish: Abisolón

→ Russian: Авессало́м (Avessalóm)

From אֲבִי (aví, “Singular construct form of אָב (av)”, literally “father of”) + שָׁלוֹם (shalóm, “peace”), thus father of peace.

affix

Singular construct form of <i class="Hebr mention" lang="he">אָב</i> (av)

a male given name, equivalent to English Avshalom or Absalom

(biblical) Absalom (the third son of David, king of Israel)


רבה

head

רַבָּה • (rabá)

(biblical, historical) Rabbah, a former name of Amman, Jordan


כנען

he-proper noun

כְּנַעַן • (k'ná'an) m

כְּנַעַן (canonical)
k'ná'an (romanization)

Uncertain. Suggested to be from a West Semitic root from the base verb *kanaʕ- (“to be low, humble, subjugated”), Hebrew כָּנַע (kānaʕ), Aramaic כְּנַע (kənaʕ, “to bend, to kneel”), Arabic قَنَعَ (qanaʕa, “to beg”), Ge'ez አቅንዐ (ʾäḳnəʿä, “to arrange”), which could have been used in contrast with אֲרַם (“Aram”) with the latter derived from a word for highlands. Compare Phoenician 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 (knʿn), Arabic كَنْعَانُ (kanʕānu).

cog

(biblical) Canaan, the land inhabited by Canaan: the Land of Canaan.


שמשון

he-proper noun

שִׁמְשׁוֹן • (shimshón) m [pattern: קִטְלוֹן]

שִׁמְשׁוֹן (canonical)
shimshón (romanization)

(biblical) Samson (an Israelite judge in the Old Testament who performed feats of strength against the Philistines but was betrayed by Delilah his mistress)


שמעון

שִׁמְעוֹן • (shim'ón) m [pattern: קִטְלוֹן]

שִׁמְעוֹן (canonical)
shim'ón (romanization)

→ Arabic: شمعون (šamʕūn)

→ Arabic: سمعان (simʕān)

→ Classical Syriac: ܫܡܥܘܢ (šemʿōn)

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Σῠμεών (Sŭmeṓn), Σίμων (Símōn)

Traditionally derived from שָׁמַע (shamá', “to hear, listen”).
Alternatively, Hitzig, W. R. Smith, Stade, and Kerber compare it to Arabic سِمع (“the offspring of the hyena and the female wolf”); as supports, Smith points to Arabic tribal names Simˤ "a subdivision of the defenders (the Medinites)" and Samˤān "a subdivision of Tamim".

cog

Simeon, Simon (any of several Biblical figures).

(biblical) Simeon (second son of Jacob, by his wife Leah)


לוי

he-proper noun

לֵוִי • (leví) m

Uncertain; possibly transliterated from יִלָּוֶה (yillaweh, “he will join”), or possibly loaned from Minaean 𐩡𐩥𐩱 (lawiʾu, “priest”). More at Levi.

(biblical) Levi (the third son of Jacob, by his wife Leah)


משה

מֹשֶׁה • (moshé) m

According to the etymology found in Exodus 2:10 semantically equivalent to מָשׁוּי (mashúy, “drawn out [of water]”), since Moses was found in a floating basket on the Nile by Pharaoh's daughter.

(biblical) Moses (the pharaonic patriarch who led the enslaved Hebrews out of Egypt, the brother of Aaron and Miriam described in the Book of Exodus and the Quran)


תלמי

תַּלְמַי • (talmáy)

תַּלְמַי (canonical)
talmáy (romanization)

Perhaps related to תֶּלֶם (télem, “furrow, ridge”). Later associated with Ancient Greek Πτολεμαῖος (Ptolemaîos).

(biblical) Talmai, one of several biblical figures


בנימין

בִּנְיָמִין • (binyamín) m

בִּנְיָמִין (canonical)
binyamín (romanization)

From בן and ימין; son of (the) right hand; Binjamin, youngest son of Jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory.

(biblical) Benjamin (the youngest of the sons of Jacob and Rachel in the Bible)


עברה

he-noun

עֶבְרָה • (evrá) f [pattern: קִטְלָה]


עברה

עֲבָרָה • (avará) f

עֲבָרָה (canonical)
avará (romanization)


דניאל

he-proper noun

דָּנִיֵּאל • (daniyél) m or f

דָּנִיֵּאל (canonical)
daniyél (romanization)

From דָּן (dan, “one who judges [of]”) + ־י (-i, “me”) + אֵל (el, “God”), literally “God is my judge”.

af

(biblical) Daniel (the prophet whose story is told in the Book of Daniel)


דן

Traditionally taken to be from דָּן (dan, “Dan (one of the sons of Jacob in the Bible)”), whose name perhaps derived from the same root ד־ו־ן (d-w-n) as above, but modern scholars frequently view this figure as an after-the-fact eponym and connect the tribal name to other words and names, such as Denyen.

(biblical) Dan (the fifth son of Jacob and Bilhah (who was Rachel's handmaid))


יאשיהו

he-proper noun

יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ

יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ • (yoshiyahu) m

יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ (canonical)
yoshiyahu (romanization)

From the root א־ש־י (“related to supporting”) + ־יהו (-yáhu), literally “The Lord will support him”

af

Josiah, the name of two Israelites.
(biblical) Josiah (a king of Judah)

Josiah, the name of two Israelites.
Josiah (a king of Judah)


זבולון

he-proper noun

זְבוּלוּן • (z'vulún) m

זְבוּלוּן (canonical)
z'vulún (romanization)
זְבֻלוּן (alternative)
זְבוּלֻן (alternative)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ζαβουλών (Zaboulṓn)
English: Zabulon, Zebulon (influenced by Zebulun)
Greek: Ζαβουλών (Zavoulón)
Latin: Zabūlōn

(biblical) Zebulun (tenth son of Jacob, by his wife Leah)


עלי

he-proper noun

עֵלִי • (eli) m

From Proto-Semitic *ʕall-, *ʕaly- (“high; height, elevation”), from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʕal-, *ʕVl(ay)- (“to be high, tall; to rise; mountain”).
Related to Arabic عَلِيّ (ʕaliyy, “to be high, exalted; Ali (exalted one)”), Maltese għoli.

cog

(biblical) Eli (the priest who brought up Samuel)


עלי

he-prep

עֲלֵי • (alé)

Cognate to Arabic عَلَى (ʕalā), Maltese għal.

(biblical, poetic) Alternative form of עַל (al)


הבל

→ Ancient Greek: Ἅβελ (Hábel) (see there for further descendants)

→ Arabic: هَابِيل (hābīl)

→ Ewe: Habel

→ Yiddish: הבל (hevl)

(biblical) Abel (the son of Adam and Eve who was killed by his brother Cain)


אביה

he-proper noun

אֲבִיָּה or אביה • (aviyá or ʾăḇiyyā) m or f

אֲבִיָּה (canonical)
אביה (canonical)
aviyá (romanization)
ʾăḇiyyā (romanization)

From אָבִי יָהּ (ʾāḇī yāh, “Jah is my father”).

(biblical) Abijah (king of Judah after Rehoboam, the first to begin reign over Judah only; the father of Asa)


בית הכרם

בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם

בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם • (bet hakérem) m

בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם (canonical)
bet hakérem (romanization)

From בֵּית (“house of”) + הַכֶּרֶם (“the vineyard”), thus literally "the house of the vineyard".


אשה

he-noun

אִשֶּׁה • (ishé) f (plural indefinite אִשִּׁים, singular construct אִשֵּׁה־, plural construct אִשֵּׁי־)

אִשֶּׁה (canonical)
ishé (romanization)
אִשִּׁים (indefinite plural)
אִשֵּׁה־ (construct singular)
אִשֵּׁי־ (construct plural)

Related to אֵשׁ (ésh, “fire”), which is from Proto-Semitic *ʾiš-.


אדם

he-proper noun

אָדָם • (adám) m

/ʔaˈda.mi/ → /ʔaˈdaː.mi/ → /ʔaˈdaːm/ → /ʔaːˈdaːm/

/ʔɔːˈðɔːm/ [ʔɔːˈðɔːm]

/ʔɔˈðɔm/ [ʔɔːˈðɔːm]

From Proto-Semitic *ʔadam-. Comparable to Phoenician 𐤀𐤃𐤌 (ʾdm, “man, earthling”), Ugaritic 𐎀𐎄𐎎 (ảdm, “man; red earth, red ochre”), Old South Arabian 𐩱𐩵𐩣 (ʾdm, “vassals, subjects”), Ge'ez ዶም (dom, “slave”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒄠𒈬 (a-da-am-mu /adamu/, “blood”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈠𒌈 (a-da-ma-tum /adamātu/, “dark red earth or dye”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈬 (a-da-mu /adamu/, “a red garment”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈬 (a-da-mu /adamu/, “an important or noble person”).
Further discussion
The meaning range points to these words are extensions from Proto-Semitic *dam- (“blood”), compare the Palestinian Aramaic forms of it אדם / אידם / ܐܕܡ (ʾəḏem, “blood”).
The semantic development could be any of the following:
# “blood” → “red earth”, “red ochre” → “earthling”;
# “blood” → “man”, as blood is a main ingredient of humans;
# “blood” → “red earth”, “red ochre” → “the dye to paint idols” → hence “an idol” → “an effigy, a likeness” → “a man”;
# “blood” → “blood sacrifice to appease an idol” → hence “an idol” → “an effigy, a likeness” → “a man”;
# “blood” → “red” → “to show red blood in the face, e.g. to blush” → “a human”.
Compare Arabic دُمْيَة (dumya, “statue, idol; effigy, likeness; doll, puppet”), دَمَّ (damma, “to bedaub”).

cog

(Abrahamism, religion) Adam (the first man and the progenitor of the human race)


עפר

he-noun

עָפָר • (afár, ʿāp̄ār) m (no plural forms, singular construct עֲפַר־) [pattern: קָטָל]

עָפָר (canonical)
afár (romanization)
ʿāp̄ār (romanization)
עֲפַר־ (construct singular)
עָפָר (indefinite singular)
עֲפָרִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
עֲפָרֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָעָפָר (definite singular)
עֲפָרְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
עֲפָרֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
עֲפַרְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
עֲפַרְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
עֲפַר־ (construct singular)
עֲפָרוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
עֲפָרָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
עֲפָרָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
עֲפָרָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
עֲפָרִים (indefinite plural)
עפריי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
עֲפָרַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
עֲפָרֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָעֲפָרִים (definite plural)
עֲפָרֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
עפרייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
עֲפָרַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
עֲפָרֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
עֲפָרֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
עֲפָרֵי־ (construct plural)
עֲפָרָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
עֲפָרֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
עֲפָרֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
עֲפָרֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Perhaps related to אֵפֶר ('éfer, ʾḗp̄er, “ash”). From Proto-Semitic *ʕapar- (“dust”). Compare Aramaic עַפְרָא (ʿap̄rā, “dust”) (absolutive: עֲפָר (ʿăp̄ār)), Arabic غَبَرَة (ḡabara) / غُبَار (ḡubār, “dust”), (perhaps borrowed from Aramaic) عَفَر (ʕafar, “dust”), Ugaritic 𐎓𐎔𐎗 (ʿpr) and Akkadian 𒅖 (eperum, “dust; soil, earth”).


נשמה

he-noun

נְשָׁמָה • (neshamá) f (plural indefinite נְשָׁמוֹת, singular construct נִשְׁמַת־, plural construct נִשְׁמוֹת־)

נְשָׁמָה (canonical)
neshamá (romanization)
נְשָׁמוֹת (indefinite plural)
נִשְׁמַת־ (construct singular)
נִשְׁמוֹת־ (construct plural)
נְשָׁמָה (indefinite singular)
נִשְׁמָתִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נִשְׁמָתֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנְּשָׁמָה (definite singular)
נִשְׁמָתְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נִשְׁמָתֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נִשְׁמַתְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נִשְׁמַתְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נִשְׁמַת־ (construct singular)
נִשְׁמָתוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נִשְׁמָתָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נִשְׁמָתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נִשְׁמָתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
נְשָׁמוֹת (indefinite plural)
נשמותיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נִשְׁמוֹתַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נִשְׁמוֹתֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנְּשָׁמוֹת (definite plural)
נִשְׁמוֹתֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נשמותייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נִשְׁמוֹתַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נִשְׁמוֹתֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נִשְׁמוֹתֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נִשְׁמוֹת־ (construct plural)
נִשְׁמוֹתָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נִשְׁמוֹתֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נִשְׁמוֹתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נִשְׁמוֹתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

desctree

Yiddish: נשמה (neshome), נעשאָמע (neshome) — Soviet phonetic spelling
→ Dutch: nesjomme


כוש

he-proper noun

כּוּשׁ • (kúsh)

English: Cush

Oromo: Kuush

Perhaps from Egyptian kꜣš (“Cush, Upper Nubia”).
k-A-S:N25

(biblical) Cush (the son of Ham, grandson of Noah, and supposed progenitor of the African peoples)


אשור

אַשּׁוּר • (ashúr, ʾaššûr) m

אַשּׁוּר (canonical)
ashúr (romanization)
ʾaššûr (romanization)

The sense Assyria ultimately from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩𒆠 (Aššūr, “Assur”), its original capital.

(biblical) Ashur (a grandson of Noah in Genesis). Also Ashshur, Assur


חוה

→ Ancient Greek: Εὔα (Eúa) (see there for further descendants)

→ Arabic: حواء (ḥawwāʔ) (see there for further descendants)

→ Chinese: 夏娃 (Xiàwá)

→ Classical Syriac: ܚܰܘܳܐ (ḥawwā)

→ Korean: 하와 (hawa)

→ Yiddish: חווה (khave)

From Proto-Semitic *ḥyw (“to live”); cognate with Hebrew חַי (kháy, “alive”).

(Abrahamism, biblical) Eve (the first woman and mother of the human race; Adam's wife)


אהרן

אַהֲרֹן • (aharón) m

אַהֲרֹן (canonical)
aharón (romanization)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀαρών (Aarṓn) (see there for further descendants)

→ Arabic: هَارُون (hārūn) (see there for further descendants)

→ Armenian: Ահարոն (Aharon)

desctree

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܰܗܪܽܘܢ
→ Malayalam: അഹറോൻ (ahaṟōṉ)

→ English: Aharon

→ Hawaiian: ʻĀʻārona, ʻĀʻālona

→ Latin: Aharōn

→ Yiddish: אהרן (Arn)

Of unknown meaning, possibly meaning “bearer of martyrs”, or perhaps also, or instead, related to the Ancient Egyptian ꜥḥꜣ rw (“warrior lion”), though it has been suggested to also mean “elevated”, “exalted” or “high mountain”.

וַיִּחַר־אַף יְהוָה בְּמֹשֶׁה וַיֹּאמֶר הֲלֹא אַהֲרֹן אָחִיךָ הַלֵּוִי יָדַעְתִּי כִּי־דַבֵּר יְדַבֵּר הוּא וְגַם הִנֵּה־הוּא יֹצֵא לִקְרָאתֶךָ וְרָאֲךָ וְשָׂמַח בְּלִבּוֹ׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0204#ד_יד|4:14]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And the anger of the LORD was kindled against Moses, and He said: ‘Is there not Aaron thy brother the Levite? I know that he can speak well. And also, behold, he cometh forth to meet thee; and when he seeth thee, he will be glad in his heart.

וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נָסְעוּ מִבְּאֵרֹת בְּנֵי־יַעֲקָן מוֹסֵרָה שָׁם מֵת אַהֲרֹן וַיִּקָּבֵר שָׁם וַיְכַהֵן אֶלְעָזָר בְּנוֹ תַּחְתָּיו׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0510#י_ו|10:6]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And the children of Israel journeyed from Beeroth-benejaakan to Moserah; there Aaron died, and there he was buried; and Eleazar his son ministered in the priest's office in his stead.

(biblical) Aaron (the elder brother of Moses in the Book of the Exodus, and in the Quran)


תרגום השבעים

he-proper noun

תַּרְגּוּם הַשִּׁבְעִים

תַּרְגּוּם הַשִּׁבְעִים • (targúm hashiv'ím) m

תַּרְגּוּם הַ שִּׁבְעִים (canonical)
targúm hashiv'ím (romanization)


ציפור

he-noun

ציפור / צִפּוֹר • (tsipór) f (plural indefinite ציפורים / צִפֳּרִים or ציפורים / צִפּוֹרִים) [pattern: קִטּוֹל]

צִפּוֹר (canonical)
tsipór (romanization)
ציפורים (indefinite plural)
צִפֳּרִים (indefinite plural)
צִפּוֹרִים (indefinite plural)
ציפור (indefinite singular)
צִפּוֹר (indefinite singular)
ציפורי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
צִפּוֹרִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
ציפורנו (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
צִפּוֹרֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הציפור (definite singular)
הַצִּפּוֹר (definite singular)
ציפורך (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפּוֹרְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפורך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפּוֹרֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפורכם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפּוֹרְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפורכן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפּוֹרְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפור־ (construct singular)
צִפּוֹר־ (construct singular)
ציפורו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפּוֹרוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפורה (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפּוֹרָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפורם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפּוֹרָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
ציפורן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפּוֹרָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
ציפורים (indefinite plural)
צִפֳּרִים (indefinite plural)
ציפוריי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
צִפֳּרַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
ציפורינו (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
צִפֳּרֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הציפורים (definite plural)
הַצִּפֳּרִים (definite plural)
ציפוריך (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפֳּרֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפורייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפֳּרַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפוריכם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפֳּרֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפוריכן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפֳּרֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפורי־ (construct plural)
צִפֳּרֵי־ (construct plural)
ציפוריו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפֳּרָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפוריה (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפֳּרֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפוריהם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפֳּרֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
ציפוריהן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפֳּרֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
ציפור (indefinite singular)
צִפּוֹר (indefinite singular)
ציפורי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
צִפּוֹרִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
ציפורנו (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
צִפּוֹרֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הציפור (definite singular)
הַצִּפּוֹר (definite singular)
ציפורך (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפּוֹרְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפורך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפּוֹרֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפורכם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפּוֹרְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפורכן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפּוֹרְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפור־ (construct singular)
צִפּוֹר־ (construct singular)
ציפורו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפּוֹרוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפורה (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפּוֹרָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפורם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפּוֹרָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
ציפורן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפּוֹרָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
ציפורים (indefinite plural)
צִפּוֹרִים (indefinite plural)
ציפוריי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
צִפּוֹרַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
ציפורינו (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
צִפּוֹרֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הציפורים (definite plural)
הַצִּפּוֹרִים (definite plural)
ציפוריך (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפּוֹרֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפורייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
צִפּוֹרַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
ציפוריכם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפּוֹרֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפוריכן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
צִפּוֹרֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
ציפורי־ (construct plural)
צִפּוֹרֵי־ (construct plural)
ציפוריו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפּוֹרָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפוריה (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
צִפּוֹרֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
ציפוריהם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפּוֹרֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
ציפוריהן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
צִפּוֹרֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

he-decl

ציפור/צִפּוֹר

ציפורים/צִפֳּרִים

ציפור/צִפּוֹר

ציפורים/צִפּוֹרִים

Compare Aramaic צִפְּרָא (ṣippərā), Arabic عُصْفُور (ʕuṣfūr), Ugaritic 𐎕𐎔𐎗 (ṣpr).

cog

Arabic عُصْفُور (ʕuṣfūr)


עמוס

he-proper noun

עָמוֹס • (ámos) m

(biblical) Amos (a book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh)

(biblical) Amos (a prophet, author of the book of Amos)


איוב

אִיּוֹב • (iyóv) m

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰώβ (Iṓb) (see there for further descendants)

Possibly from early northwest Semitic dialectal name meaning "where is the father?" from [script needed] (ʾôb, “father”), dialectal variant of אב ('áv, “father”). Or, akin to אויב (oyév, “enemy”). Some biblical scholars have suggested that it is related to Arabic أَوَّاب (ʔawwāb, “returning”), from the root ء و ب (ʔ w b).

ar-root

ء و ب (ʔ w b)

(biblical) Job (a book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh)

(biblical) Job (a character in the Old Testament and the Qur'an, renowned for his patience)


נחמיה

he-proper noun

נְחֶמְיָה • (nekhemyá)

נְחֶמְיָה (canonical)
nekhemyá (romanization)

(biblical) Nehemiah (a governor of Judea who was, according to the Tanakh, sent by the king of Persia to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem)


ירמיה

יִרְמְיָה • (yirm'yá) m

יִרְמְיָה (canonical)
yirm'yá (romanization)

Ancient Greek: Ἰερεμίᾱς (Ieremíās)

Greek: Ιερεμίας (Ieremías)

Old Armenian: Երեմիա (Eremia)

Armenian: Երեմիա (Eremia)

English: Jeremiah

Theophoric, probably from ירים (yarim, “he will raise”) + ־יהו (-yáhu, “the LORD”), literally meaning “Yahweh will raise.”

compound

(Abrahamism, biblical) Jeremiah (an ancient prophet, the author of the Book of Jeremiah, and of the Lamentations)

(biblical) Jeremiah (a book of the Old Testament of Bible, and of the Tanakh)


אסתר

he-proper noun

אֶסְתֵּר • (estér) f

אֶסְתֵּר (canonical)
estér (romanization)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἐσθήρ (Esthḗr)
→ Old Armenian: Եսթեր (Estʻer)
→ Armenian: Եսթեր (Estʻer) (learned)
→ Latin: Esthēr (see there for further descendants)
→ Russian: Есфи́рь (Jesfírʹ), Эсфи́рь (Esfírʹ)

→ Yiddish: אסתּר (ester)

Said to be borrowed from Old Persian [script needed] (sitareh, “star”), from Proto-Iranian *Hstā́, or Akkadian Ištar (“Ishtar”).

bor

(biblical) Esther (the heroine of the Book of Esther)


רות

(biblical) Ruth (a book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh)

(biblical) Ruth (the resident of Moab around whom the text centers)


דברי הימים

he-proper noun

דִּבְרֵי־הַיָּמִים

דִּבְרֵי־הַיָּמִים • (divréi ha-yamím) m pl

דִּבְרֵי ־הַיָּמִים (canonical)
divréi ha-yamím (romanization)

he:דברי הימים


שופטים

שׁוֹפְטִים • (shoftím)

שׁוֹפְטִים (canonical)
shoftím (romanization)

(biblical) Judges (the seventh book of the Old Testament, and a book of the Hebrew Tanakh)


יונה

desctree

→ Classical Syriac: ܝܰܘܢܳܐ
→ Malayalam: യോനാ (yōnā)

→ Yiddish: יונה (yoyne)

(biblical) Jonah (a minor prophet who was cast into the sea and swallowed by a great fish)

(biblical) Jonah (a book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh)


עובדיה

he-proper noun

עוֹבַדְיָה • (Ovadyá) m

עוֹבַדְיָה (canonical)
Ovadyá (romanization)

/ʕoːβaðˈjaː/

From עוֹבֵד (ovéd, “servant, worshipper”) + יָהּ (Yah, “Jah”, one of the names of God), literally “servant of Yahweh”. Compare Arabic عَبْد الله (ʕabd allāh).

af

יָהּ
<t:Jah><pos:one of the names of God>

(biblical) Obadiah (a book of the Old Testament of the Bible, and of the Tanakh)


שמואל

he-proper noun

שְׁמוּאֵל • (šəmūʾḗl) m

שְׁמוּאֵל (canonical)
šəmūʾḗl (romanization)

→ Ancient Greek: Σαμουήλ (Samouḗl)

→ Latin: Samuēl

→ Old Armenian: Սամուէլ (Samuēl)

→ Arabic: سَمَوْأَل (samawʔal)

/ʃəmuːˈʔeːl/

Compound of שֵׁם (šēm, “name”) and אֵל (ʾēl, “god”). The first part is often said to be שָׁמַע (šāmáʿ, “to hear, to listen”) since elistic names tend to derive from exhortations from verbs, however this is unlikely since the third radical ע (ʿ) of the verb is absent. Other interpretations posit derivation from roots meaning “God” as in Heaven or the upper sky (see שָׁמַיִם (šāmáyim)) and “high” (see עלי (literally “elevation”)) giving “God is high”.

(biblical) Samuel (the primary author and central character of the first book of Samuel)


הושע

הוֹשֵׁעַ • (hoshéa, hōšḗaʿ) m

הוֹשֵׁעַ (canonical)
hoshéa (romanization)
hōšḗaʿ (romanization)

desc

→ Akkadian: 𒁹𒀀𒌑𒋛𒀪 (ᵐa-u₂-si-'i /Ausi'i/)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ὡσηέ (Hōsēé), Ὠσηέ (Ōsēé)
Greek: Ωσηέ (Osié)
→ Latin: Hōsēās, Ōsēās, Ōsēe (see there for further descendants)

The masculine singular imperative of הוֹשִׁיעַ (hoshía, “to save”). Attested too as Akkadian 𒁹𒀀𒌑𒋛𒀪 (Ausi'i).


תהלים

he-proper noun

תְּהִלִּים • (tehilím)

תְּהִלִּים (canonical)
tehilím (romanization)

→ English: Tehillim


קהלת

קֹהֶלֶת • (kohélet)

קֹהֶלֶת (canonical)
kohélet (romanization)


שמות

שְׁמוֹת • (sh'mót)

שְׁמוֹת (canonical)
sh'mót (romanization)

The proper noun comes from the construct noun, one of the first words in the book.

(biblical) Exodus (the second of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the second book in the Torah describing the Exodus)


יחזקאל

יְחֶזְקֵאל • (Y'khezkél) m

יְחֶזְקֵאל (canonical)
Y'khezkél (romanization)

→ Koine Greek: Ἰεζεκιήλ (Iezekiḗl)

→ Latin: Ezechiēl

→ Middle Dutch: ezechiel

Dutch: Ezechiël

→ English: Ezekiel

"God is strong," from חזק (“to be strong”) + אל.

(biblical) Ezekiel (a prophet mentioned in the Bible and in the Quran)


חגי

חַגַּי • (khagáy) m

חַגַּי (canonical)
khagáy (romanization)

(biblical) Haggai (hebrew prophet associated with the Book of Haggai)


מיכה

מִיכָה • (mikha)

Shortening of מִיכָיָה (mīḵāyāh), מִיכָיָהוּ (mīḵāyāhū), מִיכַיְהוּ (mīḵāyᵊhū, “who is like Yahweh”)

(biblical) Micah (a book of the Old Testament of Bible, and of the Tanakh)


ישעיהו

יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

יְשַׁעְיָהוּ • (y'sha'yáhu) m

יְשַׁעְיָהוּ (canonical)
y'sha'yáhu (romanization)
יְשַׁעְיָה (alternative)

Ancient Greek: Ἠσᾰΐᾱς (Ēsăḯās)

Greek: Ησαΐας (Isaḯas)

Latin: Ēsāiās

Theophoric, possibly from יֶשַׁע (yésha') + ־יהו (-yáhu), literally “Yahweh is salvation”. See הוֹשִׁיעַ (hoshía, “to save”) and יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (y'hoshúa).

af

(Abrahamism, biblical) Isaiah (a prophet, the author of the Book of Isaiah)


יואל

he-proper noun

יוֹאֵל • (yo'él) m

(biblical) Joel (a book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh)

(biblical) Joel (a minor prophet, a son of Samuel, and other Old Testament persons)


יהושע

יְהוֹשֻׁעַ • (y'hoshúa) m

יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (canonical)
y'hoshúa (romanization)

Yiddish: יהושע (yehoyshue)

→ Russian: Иешу́а (Iješúa)

Perhaps from הוֹשֵׁעַ (hoshéa, hōšḗaʿ, “Hosea”) with the "addition" of יהוה (“YHWH (Yahweh)”), therefore meaning "Yahweh is salvation". See הוֹשִׁיעַ (hoshía, “to save”). Compare with יְשַׁעְיָהוּ (y'shayáhu, yəšaʿyā́hū).

a male given name, equivalent to English Joshua

(biblical) Joshua (the son of Nun, Judge of Israel following Moses; author of the Book of Joshua; Quranic figure)


איכה

אֵיכָה • ('eikhá)

אֵיכָה (canonical)
'eikhá (romanization)

(biblical) Lamentations (a book of the Old Testament of Bible, and of the Tanakh)


מלאכי

מַלְאָכִי • (mal'achí) m

מַלְאָכִי (canonical)
mal'achí (romanization)

(biblical) Malachi (a book of the Old Testament of Bible, and of the Tanakh)


נחום

נַחוּם • (nakhúm) m

נַחוּם (canonical)
nakhúm (romanization)

(biblical) Nahum (a book of the Tanakh / the Old Testament of the Bible)

(biblical) Nahum (the minor prophet who wrote that book)


תנין

he-noun

תַּנִּין • (tanin) m (plural indefinite תַּנִינִים)

תַּנִּין (canonical)
tanin (romanization)
תַּנִינִים (indefinite plural)

From Akkadian 𒆗𒉌𒉡 (danninu, “netherworld; source of earthquakes; the inaccessible land where the dead remain”), whence also Aramaic תַּנִּינָא / ܬܱܢܺܝܢܳܐ (tannīnā, “sea serpent, monster”) and Ugaritic 𐎚𐎐𐎐 (tnn).

cog

Aramaic תַּנִּינָא

(biblical, by extension) An enemy of Yahweh or Israel


לבן

he-proper noun

לָבָן • (laván) m

/lɔːˈvɔːn/ [lɔːˈvɔːn]

From Proto-West Semitic *laban-. Cognate with Arabic لَبَن (laban, “milk”), Ugaritic 𐎍𐎁𐎐 (lbn), and Phoenician 𐤋𐤁𐤍 (lbn).


ישוע

יֵשׁוּעַ • (yeshúa, yēšū́aʿ) m

יֵשׁוּעַ (canonical)
yeshúa (romanization)
yēšū́aʿ (romanization)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: Yeshua

From Biblical Hebrew יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (y'hoshúa, yĕhōšúaʿ, “Joshua”) via syncope. Compare Aramaic ישוע (yešūʿ), Classical Syriac ܝܫܘܥ (yešūʿ), and Arabic يَسُوع (yasūʕ).

der

וַיַּעֲמֹד יֵשׁוּעַ בָּנָיו וְאֶחָיו קַדְמִיאֵל וּבָנָיו בְּנֵי־יְהוּדָה כְּאֶחָד לְנַצֵּחַ עַל־עֹשֵׂה הַמְּלָאכָה בְּבֵית הָאֱלֹהִים בְּנֵי חֵנָדָד בְּנֵיהֶם וַאֲחֵיהֶם הַלְוִיִּם׃

Tanach, Ezra [[s:he:T35a03#ג_ט|3:9]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

Then stood Jeshua with his sons and his brethren, and Kadmiel and his sons, the sons of Judah, together, to have the oversight of the workmen in the house of God; the sons of Henadad also, with their sons and their brethren the Levites.

vaya'amód yeshúa banáv ve'ekháv kadmi'él uvanáv b'né-y'hudá k'ekhád l'natséakh al-osé ham'lakhá b'vét ha'elohím b'né khenadád b'nehém v'akhehém hal'viyím.
wayyaʿămōḏ yēšū́aʿ bānāw wəʾeḥāw qaḏmīʾēl ūḇānāw bənē-yəhūḏā kəʾeḥāḏ lənaṣṣḗaḥ ʿal-ʿōśē hamməlāḵā bəḇēṯ hāʾĕlōhīm bənē ḥēnāḏāḏ bənēhem waʾăḥēhem haləwiyyīm.

(biblical) Yeshua or Jeshua as the name of multiple people in the Bible, sometimes anglicized in translation as Joshua or Jesus


תנ״ך

he-proper noun

הַתָּנָ״ךְ • (ha-tanákh) m

הַתָּנָ״ךְ (canonical)
ha-tanákh (romanization)

Acronym of תּוֹרָה, נְבִיאִים, כְּתוּבִים (torá, n'vi'ím, k'tuvím, “Torah, Prophets, Writings”), the three major divisions of the Jewish Bible.

acronym

תּוֹרָה, נְבִיאִים, כְּתוּבִים

(biblical, Judaism) Tanakh (the body of Jewish scripture comprising the Torah, the Neviim (prophets) and the Ketuvim (writings); corresponding to the Christian Old Testament (or roughly so, depending on the denomination))


ישי

he-proper noun

יִשַׁי • (yishái) m

יִשַׁי (canonical)
yishái (romanization)

At least two hypotheses exist, none are explicitly mentioned in the Bible:
* From י (yi, “one of the letters of the Tetragrammaton – a theonym for God”) + שַׁי (sháy, “gift, present”), thus "God's gift".
* From יֵשׁ (yésh, “there is, there exist(s)”) + י (“one of the letters of the Tetragrammaton – a theonym for God”), thus "God exists".

affix

(biblical) Jesse (the son of Obed and the father of king David)


אשר

he-proper noun

אָשֵׁר • (ashér) m

[ʔɔˑˈʃeː.eʀ]

(biblical) Asher (the eighth son of Jacob, by his wife's handmaid Zilpah)


שת

Compare Ugaritic 𐎌𐎚 (št) and Arabic اِسْت (ist).


דוד

דָּוִד (canonical)
davíd (romanization)
דויד (alternative)
דוויד (alternative)

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Δαυίδ (Dauíd), Δαυείδ (Daueíd), Δᾱβῑ́δ (Dābī́d), Δαυῑ́δης (Dauī́dēs)

→ Latin: Dāvīd

→ Aramaic:

Classical Syriac: ܕܘܝܕ (Dāwīḏ), (informal) ܕܘܝܬ (Dāwīt)

→ Aghwan: 𐔳𐔰𐕛𐔼𐔸 (davit)

→ Georgian: დავითი (daviti)

→ Old Armenian: Դաւիթ (Dawitʻ)

/dɔːˈviːð/ [dɔːˈviːð]

From Proto-Semitic verbal root d-w-d ~ w-d-d "to love".

(biblical) David (the second king of Judah and Israel, the successor of King Saul in the Hebrew Bible; the son of Jesse and the father of Nathan and King Solomon)


אברהם

he-proper noun

אַבְרָהָם • (Avrahám) m

אַבְרָהָם (canonical)
Avrahám (romanization)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀβρᾱᾱ́μ (Abrāā́m), Ἀβράμης (Abrámēs), Ἀβραμίας (Abramías), Ἄβραμος (Ábramos)
Greek: Αβραάμ (Avraám)
→ Gothic: 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 (abraham)
→ Russian: Авраа́м (Avraám)
→ Latin: Abrāhām, Abrāhāmus
Italian: Abramo
Portuguese: Abraão

→ Coptic: Ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ (Abraam)

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܰܒܪܳܗܳܡ

→ Aramaic: אברהם
→ Arabic: إبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm)

[ʔavʀɔːˈhɔːm]

According to the etymology mentioned in Genesis 17:4–5, a contraction of his former name אַבְרָם (Avrám, “Abram”) with הָמוֹן (hamón, “multitude”), as he is promised to be the progenitor of many nations through his covenant with God and his obedience. Thomas L. Thompson suggests that the meaning of the name in Genesis was forgotten due to its age and that its original meaning was "Father is exalted."

(biblical, Abrahamism) Abraham (a prophet in the Old Testament, Qur'an and Aqdas; a Semitic patriarch son of Terah who practiced monotheism, father of the Jewish patriarch Isaac by Sarah and the Arab patriarch Ishmael by Hagar)


ראובן

he-proper noun

רְאוּבֵן • (r'uvén) m

רְאוּבֵן (canonical)
r'uvén (romanization)

Encyclopaedia Biblica
John Sutherland Black
Thomas Kelly Cheyne

Traditionally derived from רְאוּ (r'ú, “see [masculine plural imperative]”) + בֵּן (ben, “son”); the literal meaning is therefore roughly, "See, all: a son!".
For other proposals, see Encyclopaedia Biblica, volume 4.

(biblical) Reuben (first son of Jacob, by his wife Leah). Also Reuven


יששכר

head

יִשָּׂשכָר or יִשְׂשָׂכָר • (yisakhár or yis'sakhár) m

יִשָּׂשכָר (canonical)
יִשְׂשָׂכָר (canonical)
yisakhár (romanization)
yis'sakhár (romanization)

(biblical) Issachar (ninth son of Jacob, by his wife Leah)

(biblical) Issachar (one of the Israelite tribes, descended from Issachar)


אונן

he-proper noun

אוֹנָן • ('Onán) m

→ English: Onan

→ Ancient Greek: Αὐνάν (Aunán)

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוּדָה לְאוֹנָן בֹּא אֶל־אֵשֶׁת אָחִיךָ וְיַבֵּם אֹתָהּ וְהָקֵם זֶרַע לְאָחִיךָ׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0138#לח_ח|38:8]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And Judah said unto Onan: ‘Go in unto thy brother’s wife, and perform the duty of a husband’s brother unto her, and raise up seed to thy brother.’


חור

he-noun

חוּר • (khúr) m


אי

אַי (canonical)
ay (romanization)
אֵי (construct)

From Proto-Semitic *ʔayy-. Usually occuring in the form of אַיֵּה.

וַיֹּאמֶר יהוה אֶל־קַיִן אֵי הֶבֶל אָחִיךָ

Tanach, [[s:he:T0104#ד_ט|4:9]], with translation of the King James Version:

And the Lord said unto Cain, Where is Abel thy brother?

(biblical, interrogative, stative) Where.


יובל

he-proper noun

יוּבַל • (yuvál) m

Related to אוּבָל ('uvál, “stream”) and Arabic وَبَلَ (wabala, “to rain heavily”).

cog

(biblical, Torah) Jubal (a son of Lamech and Ada)


פלג

→ Ancient Greek: Φαλέγ (Phalég)

→ English: Peleg

→ Latin: Phaleg

he:פלג
he:פלג (דמות מקראית)

(biblical) Peleg (one of the two sons of Eber)


דבורה

he-proper noun

דְּבוֹרָה • (dvorá) f

דְּבוֹרָה (canonical)
dvorá (romanization)

From Proto-Semitic *dVbr- (“bee”). Cognate with Classical Syriac ܕܒܘܪܐ (debbōrā), Amharic ዲቧራ (dibʷara), Arabic دَبُّور (dabbūr), زُنْبُور (zunbūr), Classical Mandaic ࡆࡉࡌࡁࡅࡓࡀ (zimbura), Aramaic דְּבוֹרְתָא, זִיבּוֹרָא.

cog

Aramaic דְּבוֹרְתָא


אזרח

he-noun

אֶזְרָח • (ezrákh) m (plural indefinite אֶזְרָחִים, singular construct אֶזְרַח־, plural construct אֶזְרְחֵי־, feminine counterpart אֶזְרָחִית)

אֶזְרָח (canonical)
ezrákh (romanization)
אֶזְרָחִים (indefinite plural)
אֶזְרַח־ (construct singular)
אֶזְרְחֵי־ (construct plural)
אֶזְרָחִית (feminine)


גמל

he-verb

גָּמַל • (gamál) (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נִגְמַל)

גָּמַל (canonical)
gamál (romanization)
נִגְמַל (passive)
לגמול
לִגְמֹל
גְּמִילָה (noun-from-verb)
גָּמוּל (participle passive)
גָּמַלְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
גָּמַלְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
גָּמַלְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
גָּמַלְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
גְּמַלְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
גְּמַלְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
גָּמַל (masculine past singular third-person)
גָּמְלָה (feminine past singular third-person)
גָּמְלוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
גּוֹמֵל (masculine present singular)
גּוֹמֶלֶת (feminine present singular)
גּוֹמְלִים (masculine plural present)
גּוֹמְלוֹת (feminine plural present)
אגמול (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶגְמֹל (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נגמול (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִגְמֹל (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תגמול (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְמֹל (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְמְלִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּגְמְלוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תגמולנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּגְמֹלְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יגמול (future masculine singular third-person)
יִגְמֹל (future masculine singular third-person)
תגמול (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּגְמֹל (feminine future singular third-person)
יִגְמְלוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תגמולנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּגְמֹלְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
גמול (imperative masculine singular)
גְּמֹל (imperative masculine singular)
גִּמְלִי (feminine imperative singular)
גִּמְלוּ (imperative masculine plural)
גמולנה (feminine imperative plural)
גְּמֹלְנָה (feminine imperative plural)


יוון

he-proper noun

יוון / יָוָן • (yāwān, yaván) f

יָוָן (canonical)
yāwān (romanization)
yaván (romanization)

→⇒ German: Gauner

Likely descended from Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn, “Ion, ancestor of the Ionians”); compare the alternative forms Ἰάων (Iáōn) and Ἰάϝων (Iáwōn).

der

בְּנֵי יֶפֶת גֹּמֶר וּמָגוֹג וּמָדַי וְיָוָן וְתֻבָל וּמֶשֶׁךְ וְתִירָס׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0110#י_ב|10:2]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

B'néi Yéfet: Gómer u-Magóg u-Madái v-Yaván v-Tuvál u-Méshekh v-Tirás.

(biblical) Javan (the fourth son of Japheth)


פרי

he-noun

פְּרִי • (pri) m (plural indefinite פירות / פֵּרוֹת, singular construct פְּרִי־, plural construct פֵּרוֹת־, Biblical Hebrew pausal form פֶּרִי) [pattern: קְטִי]

פְּרִי (canonical)
pri (romanization)
פירות (indefinite plural)
פֵּרוֹת (indefinite plural)
פְּרִי־ (construct singular)
פֵּרוֹת־ (construct plural)
form פֶּרִי (Biblical-Hebrew pausal)
פְּרִי (indefinite singular)
פִּרְיִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
פִּרְיֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַפְּרִי (definite singular)
פִּרְיְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
פִּרְיֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
פִּרְיְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
פִּרְיְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
פְּרִי־ (construct singular)
פִּרְיוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
פִּרְיָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
פִּרְיָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
פִּרְיָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
פֵּרוֹת (indefinite plural)
פרותיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
פְּרוֹתַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
פְּרוֹתֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַפֵּרוֹת (definite plural)
פְּרוֹתֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
פרותייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
פְּרוֹתַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
פְּרוֹתֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
פְּרוֹתֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
פְּרוֹת־ (construct plural)
פְּרוֹתָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
פְּרוֹתֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
פְּרוֹתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
פְּרוֹתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

→ Yiddish: פּרי (peyre)

From Proto-Semitic *piry-. Cognate with Ge'ez ፍሬ (fəre) and Ugaritic 𐎔𐎗 (pr /pirû/).


פרש

פָּרַשׁ (canonical)
parásh (romanization)
לפרוש
לִפְרֹשׁ
פְּרִישָׁה (noun-from-verb)
פָּרוּשׁ (participle passive)
פָּרַשְׁתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
פָּרַשְׁנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
פָּרַשְׁתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
פָּרַשְׁתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
פְּרַשְׁתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
פְּרַשְׁתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
פָּרַשׁ (masculine past singular third-person)
פָּרְשָׁה (feminine past singular third-person)
פָּרְשׁוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
פּוֹרֵשׁ (masculine present singular)
פּוֹרֶשֶׁת (feminine present singular)
פּוֹרְשִׁים (masculine plural present)
פּוֹרְשׁוֹת (feminine plural present)
אפרוש (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶפְרֹשׁ (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נפרוש (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִפְרֹשׁ (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תפרוש (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפְרֹשׁ (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפְרְשִׁי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּפְרְשׁוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תפרושנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּפְרֹשְׁנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יפרוש (future masculine singular third-person)
יִפְרֹשׁ (future masculine singular third-person)
תפרוש (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּפְרֹשׁ (feminine future singular third-person)
יִפְרְשׁוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תפרושנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּפְרֹשְׁנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
פרוש (imperative masculine singular)
פְּרֹשׁ (imperative masculine singular)
פִּרְשִׁי (feminine imperative singular)
פִּרְשׁוּ (imperative masculine plural)
פרושנה (feminine imperative plural)
פְּרֹשְׁנָה (feminine imperative plural)

(biblical) to make clear, expound clearly


אביר

אַבִּיר • (abír) m (plural indefinite אַבִּירִים, plural construct אַבִּירֵי־, feminine counterpart אַבִּירָה)

אַבִּיר (canonical)
abír (romanization)
אַבִּירִים (indefinite plural)
אַבִּירֵי־ (construct plural)
אַבִּירָה (feminine)

(biblical) a great horse, an ox or a strong working bull


מלח

מֶלַח • (mélaḥ) m (plural indefinite מְלָחִים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

מֶלַח (canonical)
mélaḥ (romanization)
מְלָחִים (indefinite plural)

From Proto-West Semitic *milḥ-. Compare Aramaic מִלְחָא (milḥā), Classical Syriac ܡܠܚܐ (milḥā), Arabic مِلْح (milḥ), Maltese melħ.

הֲלֹא לָכֶם לָדַעַת כִּי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נָתַן מַמְלָכָה לְדָוִיד עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְעוֹלָם לוֹ וּלְבָנָיו בְּרִית מֶלַח׃

Tanach, 2 Chronicles [[s:he:T25b13#יג_ה|13:5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

Ought ye not to know that the Lord, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?

haló lakhém la-dá'at ki Adonái Elohéi Yisraél natán mamlakhá l-Davíd 'al Yisraél l'olám lo ul-vanáv brit mélaḥ

(figurative, biblical) permanence, continuity


יוסף

he-proper noun

יוֹסֵף • (yoséf) m

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰωσήφ (Iōsḗph)
Greek: Ιοσήφ (Iosíf), Ιωσήφ (Iosíf)
→ Old Armenian: Յովսէփ (Yovsēpʻ)
Armenian: Հովսեփ (Hovsepʻ)
→ Gothic: 𐌹𐍉𐍃𐌴𐍆 (iōsēf)
→ Latin: Iōsēphus (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Church Slavonic: Іѡсифъ (Iosifŭ)
→ Belarusian: Іо́сіф (Iósif)
→ Bulgarian: Йо́сиф (Jósif)
→ Romanian: Iosif
→ Russian: Ио́сиф (Iósif), О́сип (Ósip)
→ Serbo-Croatian: Јосиф
→ Serbo-Croatian: Josip
→ Slovene: Josip
→ Ukrainian: Йо́сип (Jósyp)

→ Arabic: يُوسُف (yūsuf)
→ Albanian: Jusuf, Isuf
→ Azerbaijani: Yusif
→ Bashkir: Йосоп (Yosop)
→ Bengali: ইউসুফ (iuśuph)
→ Chinese: 優素福 /优素福 (Yōusùfú) (transliteration)
→ Kazakh: Жүсіп (Jüsıp)
→ Middle Armenian: Յուսուփ (Yusupʻ), Իւսուֆ (Iwsuf), Ուսուփ (Usupʻ), Յուսուֆ (Yusuf)
→ Maguindanao: Yosef
→ Malay: Yusuf
→ Indonesian: Yusuf, Jusuf, Joesoef
→ Maranao: Yosop
→ Ottoman Turkish: یوسف
Turkish: Yusuf
→ Uyghur: يۈسۈپ (yüsüp)
→ Swahili: Yusufu

→ Yiddish: יוסף (yosef, yoysef)

Third-person singular jussive of הוֹסִיף (hosíf, “to add”), thus meaning “may he add”.

(biblical) Joseph (eleventh and favorite son of Jacob, by his wife Rachel)


נפל

he-verb

נָפַל • (nafál) (pa'al construction, infinitive ליפול / לִפֹּל, future ייפול / יִפֹּל, imperative נפול / נְפֹל, passive participle נָפוּל)

נָפַל (canonical)
nafál (romanization)
ליפול (infinitive)
לִפֹּל (infinitive)
ייפול (future)
יִפֹּל (future)
נפול (imperative)
נְפֹל (imperative)
נָפוּל (participle passive)
ליפול
לִפֹּל
נְפִילָה (noun-from-verb)
נָפוּל (participle passive)
נָפַלְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
נָפַלְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
נָפַלְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
נָפַלְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
נְפַלְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
נְפַלְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
נָפַל (masculine past singular third-person)
נָפְלָה (feminine past singular third-person)
נָפְלוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
נוֹפֵל (masculine present singular)
נוֹפֶלֶת (feminine present singular)
נוֹפְלִים (masculine plural present)
נוֹפְלוֹת (feminine plural present)
אפול (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶפֹּל (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
ניפול (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִפֹּל (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תיפול (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפֹּל (future masculine second-person singular)
תיפלי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּפְּלִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תיפלו (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּפְּלוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תיפולנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּפֹּלְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
ייפול (future masculine singular third-person)
יִפֹּל (future masculine singular third-person)
תיפול (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּפֹּל (feminine future singular third-person)
ייפלו (future masculine plural third-person)
יִפְּלוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תיפולנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּפֹּלְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
נפול (imperative masculine singular)
נְפֹל (imperative masculine singular)
נִפְלִי (feminine imperative singular)
נִפְלוּ (imperative masculine plural)
נפולנה (feminine imperative plural)
נְפֹלְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

וַיִּשְׁכְּנוּ מֵחֲוִילָה עַד־שׁוּר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם בֹּאֲכָה אַשּׁוּרָה עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־אֶחָיו נָפָל׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0125#כה_יח|25:18]], with translation of the English Standard Version:

They settled from Havilah to Shur, which is opposite Egypt in the direction of Assyria. He settled over against all his kinsmen.

(biblical) To reside, to dwell, to settle.

וַיָּבֹא יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָל־עַם הַמִּלְחָמָה עִמּוֹ עֲלֵיהֶם עַל־מֵי מֵרוֹם פִּתְאֹם וַיִּפְּלוּ בָּהֶם׃

Tanach, Joshua [[s:he:T0611#יא_ז|11:7]], with translation of the New International Version:

So Joshua and his whole army came against them suddenly at the Waters of Merom and attacked them,

(biblical) To attack, to start a battle (to apply violent force).


זמר

he-noun

זֶמֶר • (zémer) m (plural indefinite זְמָרִים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

זֶמֶר (canonical)
zémer (romanization)
זְמָרִים (indefinite plural)

זֹאת הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר תֹּאכֵלוּ; שׁוֹר שֵׂה כְשָׂבִים וְשֵׂה עִזִּים. אַיָּל וּצְבִי וְיַחְמוּר; וְאַקּוֹ וְדִישֹׁן וּתְאוֹ וָזָמֶר.

Tanach, [[s:he:T0514#|14:4-5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

These are the beasts which ye shall eat; the ox, the sheep, and the goat.
The hart, and the gazelle, and the roebuck, and the wild goat, and the pygarg, and the antelope, and the mountain-sheep.

zot habəhemá ashér tochélu, shor se chəsavím vəse 'izzím. ayyál utzəví vəyaḥmúr, vəaqó vədishón utəó vazámer.

(biblical) one of the seven kosher beasts, whose identity is unknown. Probably the giraffe.


ארם

he-proper noun

אֲרַם • (arám) m

→ English: Aram

?→ Indonesian: Aram

→ Latin: Āram

?→ Maori: Arame

?→ Portuguese: Arã

Possibly related to הרים (“highlands”), suggested to be used in contrast with כְּנַעַן (k'ná'an) meaning "lowlands."


אסא

אָסָא • (ása) m

(biblical) Asa (the third king of Judah mentioned in the Books of Kings who succeeded his father Abijah; the father of King Jehoshaphat)


יהודית

יְהוּדִית • (y'hudít) f

יְהוּדִית (canonical)
y'hudít (romanization)

→ Ancient Greek: Ιουδίθ (Ioudíth)

→ Old Armenian: Յուդիթ (Yuditʻ)

Armenian: Հուդիթ (Huditʻ)

desc

→ Greek: Ιουδίθ (Ioudíth) (semi-learned)

→ Latin: Iudith, Judith

⇒ 友弟德傳 /友弟德传 (Yǒudìdézhuàn)

→ Chinese: 友弟德 (Yǒudìdé); ⇒ 友弟德傳 /友弟德传 (Yǒudìdézhuàn)

→ Czech: Judita

→ Danish: Judith

→ English: Judith

→ Faroese: Judit

→ French: Judith

→ Galician: Xudite, Xudit

→ German: Judith, Judit

→ Hungarian: Judit

→ Irish: Iúidit; ⇒ Leabhar Iúidit

desctree

→ Italian: Giuditta
→ Maltese: Ġuditta; ⇒ Ktieb ta’ Ġuditta

→ Norwegian: Judith, Judit

→ Polish: Judyta; ⇒ Księga Judyty

→ Portuguese: Judite

→ Romanian: Iudita

→ Russian: Джу́дит (Džúdit)

→ Slovak: Judita

→ Spanish: Judit

→ Swedish: Judith, Judit

→ Old Church Slavonic:

desc

→ Russian: Юди́фь (Judífʹ), Иуди́фь (Iudífʹ)

→ English: Yehudit, Yehudis (learned)

→ Finnish: Jehudit (learned)

→ German: Jehudit (learned)

→ Urdu: یہودیت (yahūdīt) (learned)

→ Yiddish: יהודית (yehudes) (learned)

...דַּבֶּר־נָא אֶל־עֲבָדֶיךָ אֲרָמִית כִּי שֹׁמְעִים אֲנָחְנוּ וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּר עִמָּנוּ יְהוּדִית בְּאָזְנֵי הָעָם אֲשֶׁר עַל־הַחֹמָה.

Tanach, Isaiah [[s:he:T1036#לו_יא|36:11]], with translation of the New International Version:

...Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, since we understand it; don't speak to us in Hebrew in the hearing of the people on the wall.

...dabber-ná el-'avadécha aramít ki šomə'ím anáḥnu vəal-tədabbḗr 'immánu yəhudít bəoznḗ ha'ám ašer 'al-haḥomá.

(biblical) Judith (the protagonist of the Biblical book of Judith)


בראשית

he-proper noun

בְּרֵאשִׁית • (b'reshít) m

בְּרֵאשִׁית (canonical)
b'reshít (romanization)

/băˌreːˈʃiθ/

A prepositional phrase בְּ־ (b'-, “in”) + רֵאשִׁית (reshít, “beginning”) that appears to be unsuitable in the context of he:T, which recounts the creation and beginning of the universe, as it lacks the definite article and thus literally translates to "in (a) beginning", instead of the expected "in the beginning". This already troubled early rabbinic commentators, such as Rashi, and led some modern scholars to suggest that the Tiberian vocalization might be incorrect and that the first verse of Genesis is a mere dependent clause, reinterpreting רֵאשִׁית to be in the construct state and בָּרָא in the infinitive construct: בְּרֵאשִׁית בְּרֹא אֱלֹהִים אֵת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֵת הָאָרֶץ׃ (“When God began to create the heaven and the earth”). This interpretation, however, directly conflicts with all early translations of the Torah that are still extant, namely the Greek ones found in the Hexapla of Origen, or the Aramaic Targumim, most of which were executed by people who experienced Hebrew as a living language. The most reasonable solution seems to be to assume that this wording may have been in some way idiomatic, with a meaning more or less tantamount to "in the beginning", such as "initially", or "firstly".
As all the other books of the Torah, Genesis in Hebrew is named after its first occuring word.

af

(religion, biblical) Genesis (the first book in the Hebrew Bible); the Book of Bereshit


ירד

he-proper noun

יֶרֶד • (yéred) m

From Proto-Semitic *warad-. Cognate to Ugaritic 𐎊𐎗𐎄 (yrd, “to go down”), Arabic وَرَدَ (warada, “to come, to arrive”), Ge'ez ወረደ (wärädä, “to descend”) and Akkadian 𒉿𒊏𒁺𒌝 (warādum, “to go down to lower ground, to come ashore, to go downhill or downstream”).

cog

(biblical) Jared (a man mentioned in the Book of Genesis, a descendant of Adam and of Seth, the father of Enoch, an ancestor of Noah)


ניצב

he-noun

ניצב / נִצָּב • (nitsáv) m

נִצָּב (canonical)
nitsáv (romanization)


אסר

he-verb

אָסַר • (asár) (pa'al construction, present אוֹסֵר, future יֶאֱסֹר, passive participle אָסוּר, passive counterpart נֶאֱסַר)

אָסַר (canonical)
asár (romanization)
אוֹסֵר (present)
יֶאֱסֹר (future)
אָסוּר (participle passive)
נֶאֱסַר (passive)
לאסור
לֶאֱסֹר
אָסוּר (participle passive)
אָסַרְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
אָסַרְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
אָסַרְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
אָסַרְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
אֲסַרְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
אֲסַרְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
אָסַר (masculine past singular third-person)
אָסְרָה (feminine past singular third-person)
אָסְרוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
אוֹסֵר (masculine present singular)
אוֹסֶרֶת (feminine present singular)
אוֹסְרִים (masculine plural present)
אוֹסְרוֹת (feminine plural present)
אאסור (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶאֱסֹר (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נאסור (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נֶאֱסֹר (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תאסור (future masculine second-person singular)
תֶּאֱסֹר (future masculine second-person singular)
תֶּאֶסְרִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תֶּאֶסְרוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תאסורנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תֶּאֱסֹרְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יאסור (future masculine singular third-person)
יֶאֱסֹר (future masculine singular third-person)
תאסור (feminine future singular third-person)
תֶּאֱסֹר (feminine future singular third-person)
יֶאֶסְרוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תאסורנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תֶּאֱסֹרְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
אסור (imperative masculine singular)
אֱסֹר (imperative masculine singular)
אִסְרִי (feminine imperative singular)
אִסְרוּ (imperative masculine plural)
אסורנה (feminine imperative plural)
אֱסֹרְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

Compare with Arabic أَسَرَ (ʔasara, “to capture, seize”)


חם

/ˈħɔːm/ [ˈħɔːm]

/ˈħɔm/ [ˈħɔːm]

Unknown. Usually connected with Etymology 1, but the connection is questionable.

(biblical) Ham (a son of Noah and the brother of Japheth and Shem)


חשמל

he-noun

חַשְׁמַל • (khashmál) m (singular construct חַשְׁמַל־)

חַשְׁמַל (canonical)
khashmál (romanization)
חַשְׁמַל־ (construct singular)

Unknown; possibly cognate with Akkadian 𒋤𒉘 (elmešu). The modern sense of electricity was coined by Judah Leib Gordon in 1880, based on the fact that Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, “amber, alloy of gold and silver”), from which electricity is derived, was used to translate the term in the Septuagint.

cog

וּמִתּוֹכָהּ כְּעֵין הַחַשְׁמַל מִתּוֹךְ הָאֵשׁ׃

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1201#א_ד|1:4]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

and out of the midst thereof as the colour of electrum, out of the midst of the fire.

umitokháh k'éin hakhashmál mitókh ha'ésh.
ūmittōḵāh kəʿēn haḥašmal mittōḵ hāʾēš.

וָאֵרֶא כְּעֵין חַשְׁמַל כְּמַרְאֵה־אֵשׁ בֵּית־לָהּ סָבִיב מִמַּרְאֵה מׇתְנָיו וּלְמָעְלָה

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1201#א_כז|1:27]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And I saw as the colour of electrum, as the appearance of fire round about enclosing it, from the appearance of his loins and upward;

va'ére k'éin khashmál k'mar'e-'ésh beit-láh savív mimar'é motnáv ul'má'la
wāʾḗre kəʿēn ḥašmal kəmarʾē-ʾēš bēṯ-lāh sāḇīḇ mimmarʾē moṯnāw ūləmā́ʿlā

וּמִמׇּתְנָיו וּלְמַעְלָה כְּמַרְאֵה־זֹהַר כְּעֵין הַחַשְׁמַלָה׃

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1208#ח_ב|8:2]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

and from his loins and upward, as the appearance of brightness, as the colour of electrum.

umimotnáv ul'má'la k'mar'e-zóhar k'éin hakhashmála.
ūmimmoṯnāw ūləmáʿlā kəmarʾē-zṓhar kəʿēn haḥašmálā.

(biblical) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: electrum, amber


ברק

he-proper noun

בָּרָק • (barák) m

(biblical) Barak (the commander of the army of Deborah in the Old Testament)


שאול

שָׁאוּל • (sha'úl) m

שָׁאוּל (canonical)
sha'úl (romanization)

Passive participle of שָׁאַל (sha'ál, “to ask, to borrow”). Proper noun follows from Adjective.

(biblical) Saul (the first king of Israel in the Old Testament)


פרה

פָּרָה (canonical)
pará (romanization)
לִפְרוֹת
פָּרִיתִי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
פָּרִינוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
פָּרִיתָ (masculine past second-person singular)
פָּרִית (feminine past second-person singular)
פְּרִיתֶם (masculine past plural second-person)
פְּרִיתֶן (feminine past plural second-person)
פָּרָה (masculine past singular third-person)
פָּרְתָה (feminine past singular third-person)
פָּרוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
פּוֹרֶה (masculine present singular)
פּוֹרָה (feminine present singular)
פּוֹרִים (masculine plural present)
פּוֹרוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶפְרֶה (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִפְרֶה (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּפְרֶה (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפְרִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּפְרוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּפְרֶינָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִפְרֶה (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּפְרֶה (feminine future singular third-person)
יִפְרוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּפְרֶינָה (feminine future plural third-person)
פְּרֵה (imperative masculine singular)
פְּרִי (feminine imperative singular)
פְּרוּ (imperative masculine plural)
פְּרֶינָה (feminine imperative plural)

Compare Phoenician 𐤐𐤓 (pr), Aramaic פְּרָא / Classical Syriac ܦ݁ܪܰܐ (prā, “to be fruitful”) and Egyptian pr:r-D54 (prj, “to come forth”).

lang

עץ פורה רימונים

עץ פורה רימונים

cog

(poetic, biblical) to bear fruit, be fruitful

(figuratively, biblical) to procreate, multiply, increase


קדש

he-noun

קָדֵשׁ • (kadesh) m (feminine counterpart קדשה)

קָדֵשׁ (canonical)
kadesh (romanization)
קדשה (feminine)


שלם

שָׁלַם (canonical)
shalám (romanization)
לשלום
לִשְׁלֹם
שָׁלַמְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
שָׁלַמְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
שָׁלַמְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
שָׁלַמְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
שְׁלַמְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
שְׁלַמְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
שָׁלַם (masculine past singular third-person)
שָׁלְמָה (feminine past singular third-person)
שָׁלְמוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
שׁוֹלֵם (masculine present singular)
שׁוֹלֶמֶת (feminine present singular)
שׁוֹלְמִים (masculine plural present)
שׁוֹלְמוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶשְׁלַם (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִשְׁלַם (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּשְׁלַם (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּשְׁלְמִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּשְׁלְמוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּשְׁלַמְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִשְׁלַם (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּשְׁלַם (feminine future singular third-person)
יִשְׁלְמוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּשְׁלַמְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)

(biblical) to be safe (mind, body or state)

(biblical) to be resigned to a treaty or covenant


תמר

he-proper noun

תָּמָר • (tamár) f

An early borrowing from Aramaic תמרא (the vocalization of which varies by lect), even Arabic تَمْر (tamr, “date”) is borrowed from it; cognate to Arabic ثَمَر (ṯamar, “fruit”).

(biblical) Tamar (a daughter-in-law of Judah)

(biblical) Tamar (a daughter of Absalom)


מזל

he-noun

מַזָּל • (mazál) m (plural indefinite מַזָּלוֹת) [pattern: מַקְטָל]

מַזָּל (canonical)
mazál (romanization)
מַזָּלוֹת (indefinite plural)

→ Judeo-Arabic: מזל (mazzal)

→ Ladino: mazal

→ Yiddish: מזל (mazl)

⇒ English: mazel tov, schlimazel

desc

⇒ Ancient Greek: κακομάζαλος (kakomázalos)

Likely from Akkadian 𒌓𒁕 (manzaltum). Compare Aramaic מַזָּלָא (mazzālā, “constellation; luck, destiny”) (Classical Mandaic ࡌࡀࡍࡆࡀࡋࡀ (manzala, “constellation; zodiac sign”)).

cog

וְהִשְׁבִּית אֶת־הַכְּמָרִים אֲשֶׁר נָתְנוּ מַלְכֵי יְהוּדָה וַיְקַטֵּר בַּבָּמוֹת בְּעָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּמְסִבֵּי יְרוּשָׁלִָם וְאֶת־הַמְקַטְּרִים לַבַּעַל לַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְלַיָּרֵחַ וְלַמַּזָּלוֹת וּלְכֹל צְבָא הַשָּׁמָיִם׃

Tanach, 2 Kings [[s:he:T09b23#כג_ה|23:5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to offer in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that offered unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the constellations, and to all the host of heaven.

v'hishbít et-hak'marím ashér nat'nú mal'khé y'hudá vay'katér babamót b'aré y'hudá um'sibé y'rushaláyim v'et ham'kat'rím labá'al lashémesh v'layaréakh v'lamazalót ul'khól ts'vá hashamáyim.
wəhišbīṯ ʾeṯ-hakkəmārīm ʾăšer nāṯənū maləḵē yəhūḏā wayəqaṭṭēr babbāmōṯ bəʿārē yəhūḏā ūməsibbē yərūšālā́yim wəʾeṯ haməqaṭṭərīm labbáʿal laššémeš wəlayyārḗaḥ wəlammazzālōṯ ūləḵōl ṣəḇā haššāmā́yim.


נער

he-noun

נַעַר • (ná'ar) m (plural indefinite נְעָרִים, feminine counterpart נַעֲרָה) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

נַעַר (canonical)
ná'ar (romanization)
נְעָרִים (indefinite plural)
נַעֲרָה (feminine)
נַעַר (indefinite masculine singular)
נַעֲרִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נַעֲרֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנַּעַר (definite masculine singular)
נַעַרְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נַעֲרֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נַעַרְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעַרְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעַר־ (construct masculine singular)
נַעֲרוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נַעֲרָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נַעֲרָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נַעֲרָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
נְעָרִים (indefinite masculine plural)
נעריי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נְעָרַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נְעָרֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנְּעָרִים (definite masculine plural)
נְעָרֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נערייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נְעָרַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נַעֲרֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעֲרֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעֲרֵי־ (construct masculine plural)
נְעָרָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נְעָרֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נַעֲרֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נַעֲרֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
נַעֲרָה (feminine indefinite singular)
נַעֲרָתִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נַעֲרָתֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנַּעֲרָה (definite feminine singular)
נַעֲרָתְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נַעֲרָתֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נַעֲרַתְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעֲרַתְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעֲרַת־ (construct feminine singular)
נַעֲרָתוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נַעֲרָתָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נַעֲרָתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נַעֲרָתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
נְעָרוֹת (feminine indefinite plural)
נערותיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נַעֲרוֹתַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נַעֲרוֹתֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנְּעָרוֹת (definite feminine plural)
נַעֲרוֹתֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נערותייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נַעֲרוֹתַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נַעֲרוֹתֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעֲרוֹתֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נַעֲרוֹת־ (construct feminine plural)
נַעֲרוֹתָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נַעֲרוֹתֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נַעֲרוֹתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נַעֲרוֹתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Compare Ugaritic 𐎐𐎓𐎗 (nʿr, “boy, servant boy”).

(biblical Hebrew) boy, physically able young man. Also, a servant.


אינסוף

אֵינְסוֹף • (ensóf) m

אֵינְסוֹף (canonical)
ensóf (romanization)
אֵין־סוֹף (alternative)
אֵין סוֹף (alternative)

→ English: Ein Sof

From אֵין (en, negative particle) + סוֹף (sof, “end”).

affix

(philosophy, theology) Infinity, the infinite.


משפט

he-noun

מִשְׁפָּטִים

מִשְׁפָּט • (mishpát) m (plural indefinite מִשְׁפָּטִים, singular construct מִשְׁפַּט־) [pattern: מִקְטָל]

מִשְׁפָּט (canonical)
mishpát (romanization)
מִשְׁפָּטִים (indefinite plural)
מִשְׁפַּט־ (construct singular)

וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּט אֲשֶׁר שָׁפַט הַמֶּלֶךְ […]
vayishm'ú kol-yisra'él et-hamisphát ashér shafát hamélekh […]

And all Israel heard of the judgment which the king had judged; […]

(biblical) A judgment, verdict, ruling: the ruling of a court.

[…] וְשָׁמְרוּ דֶּרֶךְ ה׳ לַעֲשׂוֹת צְדָקָה וּמִשְׁפָּט […]
[…] v'shamrú dérekh H. la'asót tz'daká umishpát […]

[…] and they shall keep the way of the LORD, to do justice and judgment; […]

(biblical) Justice, righteousness, just and righteous action.


חג׳

חַג׳ • (kháj) m (plural indefinite חַגִּ׳ים)

חַג׳ (canonical)
kháj (romanization)
חַגִּ׳ים (indefinite plural)
חַאג׳ (alternative)

From Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj). Cognate with native חַג (khág).

כתובות וציורי קיר איסלאמיים מסורתיים (ציורי חאג׳), המצוירים סביב פתח הכניסה הראשית, מבטיחים קבלת פנים ססגונית לבני הבית החוזרים מהחאג׳, העלליה־לרגל למכה.

1996, David Kroyanker, ירושלים: שכונות ובתים : תקופות וסיגנונות [Jerusalem: Neighborhoods and Houses : Periods and Styles], page 100:

Traditional Islamic verses and wall paintings (paintings of the hajj), painted around the opening of the front entrance, promise a colorful greeting to members of the household returning from the hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca.

העלייה לרגל השנתית למכה על ידי מוסלמים – החאג׳ – היתה אמורה להתחיל ב־15 בחודש, וההתקפה האווירית, שתוכננה להימשך שבוע שלם, היתה חייבת להסתיים לפני תחילת החאג׳.

2000, Scott Ritter (original), translated by Barry Davis, סוף המשחק [End Game], page 19:

The yearly pilgrimage to Mecca by the Muslims – the hajj – was supposed to begin on the 15th of the month, and the aerial offensive, that was planned to last a full week, had to end before the beginning of the hajj.

כשסיים את עבודתו שם, החלה עונת החאג׳, שבה מאות אלפי מוסלמים אדוקים עולים לרגל למכה.

2008, Deborah Rodriguez (original), translated by Karmit Guy, בית־הספר ליופי של קאבול [Kabul Beauty School], page 138:

When he finished his work there, the season of the hajj began, during which hundreds of thousands of pious Muslims make a pilgrimage to Mecca.

(Islam) hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca made by pious Muslims; one of the five pillars of Islam)


פרץ

פֶּרֶץ (canonical)
pérets (romanization)

From the same root as Etymology 1, in the קֶטֶל (qéṭel) pattern.

he-l

קֶטֶל (qéṭel)

he-pattern-link

קֶטֶל (qéṭel)

(biblical) Perez (the father of Hezron and the son of Judah; the grandson of Jacob)


במה

he-noun

בָּמָה • (bamá) f (plural indefinite בָּמוֹת, singular construct בָּמַת־, plural construct בָּמוֹת־)

בָּמָה (canonical)
bamá (romanization)
בָּמוֹת (indefinite plural)
בָּמַת־ (construct singular)
בָּמוֹת־ (construct plural)

(biblical) sacrificial altar built in such a high place


(biblical) A particular cantillation mark: where it appears, it follows a word that has what is normally a conjunctive mark and makes it disjunctive.


קוראן

he-proper noun

קוראן / קֻרְאָן • (kur'án) m

קֻרְאָן (canonical)
kur'án (romanization)

אנו מורידים אותות (משפטים) מן הקוראן הנושאים מרפא ורחמים למאמינים, אך למקפחים הוא יוסיף רק אבדון

2017, Dr. Assad Nimer Busool (Translator), “Surah Bani Israil, 82”, in הקוראן, Dar As Salam, Saudi Arabia:

And We send down of the Qur’ān that which is healing and mercy for the believers, but it does not increase the wrongdoers except in loss.


תריסר

he-noun

תְּרֵיסָרִים

תְּרֵיסְרֵי־

תְּרֵיסָר • (tresár) m (plural indefinite תְּרֵיסָרִים, singular construct תְּרֵיסַר־, plural construct תְּרֵיסְרֵי־)

תְּרֵיסָר (canonical)
tresár (romanization)
תְּרֵיסָרִים (indefinite plural)
תְּרֵיסַר־ (construct singular)
תְּרֵיסְרֵי־ (construct plural)

(religion) the twelve minor prophets, or their books as a unit


כוסמת

כוסמת / כֻּסֶּמֶת • (kusémet) f

כֻּסֶּמֶת (canonical)
kusémet (romanization)

Compare Ugaritic 𐎋𐎒𐎎 / 𐎋𐎝𐎎 (ksm / ks̀m, “spelt”).


חרש

he-noun

חֶרֶשׂ • (khéres) m

חֶרֶשׂ (canonical)
khéres (romanization)

חֶרֶס חרס#Hebrew

(biblical) Alternative spelling of חֶרֶס (“clay, ceramics, earthenware”).


גד

Uncertain. Compare Arabic جَدّ (jadd, “luck, good fortune”).

cog

(biblical) Gad (the seventh son of Jacob, by his wife's handmaid Zilpah)


התנצל

he-verb

הִתְנַצֵּל • (hitnatsél) (hitpa'el construction)

הִתְנַצֵּל (canonical)
hitnatsél (romanization)
לְהִתְנַצֵּל
הִתְנַצְּלוּת (noun-from-verb)
הִתְנַצַּלְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
הִתְנַצַּלְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
הִתְנַצַּלְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
הִתְנַצַּלְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
הִתְנַצַּלְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
הִתְנַצַּלְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
הִתְנַצֵּל (masculine past singular third-person)
הִתְנַצְּלָה (feminine past singular third-person)
הִתְנַצְּלוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
מִתְנַצֵּל (masculine present singular)
מִתְנַצֶּלֶת (feminine present singular)
מִתְנַצְּלִים (masculine plural present)
מִתְנַצְּלוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶתְנַצֵּל (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִתְנַצֵּל (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּתְנַצֵּל (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּתְנַצְּלִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּתְנַצְּלוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּתְנַצֵּלְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִתְנַצֵּל (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּתְנַצֵּל (feminine future singular third-person)
יִתְנַצְּלוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּתְנַצֵּלְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
הִתְנַצֵּל (imperative masculine singular)
הִתְנַצְּלִי (feminine imperative singular)
הִתְנַצְּלוּ (imperative masculine plural)
הִתְנַצֵּלְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

וַיִּתְנַצְּלוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת עֶדְיָם מֵהַר חוֹרֵב:

Tanach, [[s:he:T0233#לג_ו|33:6]], with translation of the American Standard Version:

And the children of Israel stripped themselves of their ornaments from mount Horeb onward.

wayyit̲naṣṣəlû b̲ənê yiśrāʾēl ʾet̲ ʿed̲yām mēhar ḥôrēb̲
vayitnats'lú v'néi yisra'él et edyám mehár khorév

(biblical, outdated) to strip, to take off from oneself.


יאיר

he-proper noun

יָאִיר • (ya'ír) m

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰάϊρος (Iáïros), Ἰάειρος (Iáeiros)
Latin: Iairus (see there for further descendants)
→ Gothic: 𐌹𐌰𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 (iaeirus), 𐌾𐌰𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 (jaeirus) (learned)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰαΐρ (Iaḯr)


קין

Possibly from the verb קָנָה (kanáh, “to get, to create”)

וְהָאָדָם יָדַע אֶת חַוָּה אִשְׁתּוֹ וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד אֶת קַיִן

Tanach, Genesis [[s:he:T0104#ד_א|4:1]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And the man knew Eve his wife; and she conceived and bore Cain

(biblical) Cain (the son of Adam and Eve who killed his brother Abel)


יהודה

he-proper noun

יְהוּדָה • (y'hudá) m

יְהוּדָה (canonical)
y'hudá (romanization)

desc

→ Akkadian: 𒅀𒌑𒁕𒀀𒀀 (ia-u₂-da-a-a /yaʼuda/)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰούδᾱς (Ioúdās), Ἰουδᾱ́ (Ioudā́)
→ Old Armenian: Յուդա (Yuda), Յուդայ (Yuday), Յուդաս (Yudas)
Armenian: Հուդա (Huda)
→ Latin: Iūdās, Jūdās
→ Catalan: Judes
Italian: Giuda
→ Middle English: Iudas
English: Judas, Jude

desc

→ Arabic: يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”), يَهُوذَا (yahūḏā)

→ Classical Syriac: ܝܗܘܕܐ (yəhūḏā)

→ Yiddish: יהודה (yehude)

⇒ Ancient Greek: Ἰουδαῖος (Ioudaîos, “Jew”) (see there for further descendants)

Compare Akkadian 𒅀𒌑𒁕𒀀𒀀 (ia-u-da-a-a). Traditionally derived from יָדָה (yadá, “to praise”); alternatively, linked to Arabic وَهْدة (wahda, “ravine, gully, gulch, lowlands”)

cog

וַיְהִי כְּמִשְׁלֹשׁ חֳדָשִׁים וַיֻּגַּד לִיהוּדָה לֵאמֹר זָנְתָה תָּמָר כַּלָּתֶךָ וְגַם הִנֵּה הָרָה לִזְנוּנִים וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוּדָה הוֹצִיאוּהָ וְתִשָּׂרֵף׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0138#לח_כד|38:24]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying: ‘Tamar thy daughter-in-law hath played the harlot; and moreover, behold, she is with child by harlotry.’ And Judah said: ‘Bring her forth, and let her be burnt.’

vay'hí k'mish'lósh khodashím vayugád liy'hudá lemór zantá tamár kalatékha v'gam hiné hará li'znuním vayómer y'hudá hotsi'úha v'tisaréf

a male given name, equivalent to English Judah, Judas, or Jude

(biblical) Judah (the fourth son of Jacob, by his wife Leah; the father of Perez)

מִזְמוֹר לְדָוִד בִּהְיוֹתוֹ בְּמִדְבַּר יְהוּדָה׃

Tanach, Psalms [[s:he:T2663#סג_א|63:1]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

A Psalm of David, when he was in the wilderness of Judah.

(biblical) Judah, Judea (a traditional region and ancient kingdom (c. 930 — 586 BCE) in the Land of Israel in modern Israel and Palestine; the southern Israelite kingdom which continued to be ruled by the Davidic dynasty after Solomon's death and the breakup of the united monarchy, with the northern portion keeping the name Israel)


מסגד

he-noun

מִסְגָּד • (misgád) m (plural indefinite מִסְגָּדִים, singular construct מִסְגַּד־, plural construct מִסְגְּדֵי־) [pattern: מִקְטָל]

מִסְגָּד (canonical)
misgád (romanization)
מִסְגָּדִים (indefinite plural)
מִסְגַּד־ (construct singular)
מִסְגְּדֵי־ (construct plural)
מִסְגָּד (indefinite singular)
מִסְגָּדִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
מִסְגָּדֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַמִּסְגָּד (definite singular)
מִסְגָּדְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
מִסְגָּדֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
מִסְגַּדְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
מִסְגַּדְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
מִסְגַּד־ (construct singular)
מִסְגָּדוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
מִסְגָּדָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
מִסְגָּדָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
מִסְגָּדָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
מִסְגָּדִים (indefinite plural)
מסגדיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
מִסְגָּדַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
מִסְגָּדֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַמִּסְגָּדִים (definite plural)
מִסְגָּדֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
מסגדייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
מִסְגָּדַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
מִסְגְּדֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
מִסְגְּדֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
מִסְגְּדֵי־ (construct plural)
מִסְגָּדָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
מִסְגָּדֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
מִסְגְּדֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
מִסְגְּדֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

he-decl

הַמִּסְגָּדִים

Calque of Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid): formed in modern times by applying the pattern מִקְטָל (“place”) to סָגַד (sagád, “to bow down, prostrate”), which is cognate with Arabic سَجَدَ (sajada).

ישתבח (אללה) זה אשר נשא את עבדו(מוחמד) בלילה מן המסגד אלחראם (הכעבה) אל מסגד אל אקצא אשר בירכנו את סביבותיו, כדי שנראה לו חלק מאותותינו. והוא אכן הכול שומע והכול רואה

2017, Dr. Assad Nimer Busool (Translator), “Surah Bani Israil, 01”, in הקוראן, Dar As Salam, Saudi Arabia:

Praise be to Allah, Who carried His servant (Muhammad) by night from Al-Masjid Al-Haram (the Kaaba) to Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa (the Nearest Mosque), whose surroundings We have blessed, that We might show him some of Our signs. And He is indeed All-Hearing, All-Seeing.

yishtabákh (alá) zé ashér nasá et avdó (mukhámed) baláyla mín hamisgád alkharám (haká'aba) el misgád al-áktsa ashér berákhnu et svivotáv, kdé shenir'é lo khélek me'ototénu. v'hú akhén hakól shoméa v'hakól ro'é.


יצחק

יִצְחָק (canonical)
yitskhák (romanization)
yiṣḥāq (romanization)
יִשְׂחָק (alternative)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰσαάκ (Isaák)
Greek: Ισαάκ (Isaák)
Latin: Isaāc, Isaacus
→ Old Irish: Isaác
Irish: Íosác

→ Yiddish: יצחק (yitskhok)

Grammatically, the name (as many other Hebrew names, see e.g. Jacob, Jonah) is the third person singular imperfect of the verb צחק (“to laugh”).

(biblical) Isaac (the son of Abraham and Sarah, father of Esau and Jacob, from whom the Hebrew people trace their descent)


אלישבע

he-proper noun

אֱלִישֶׁבַע • (elishéva) f

אֱלִישֶׁבַע (canonical)
elishéva (romanization)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἐλισάβετ (Elisábet)
Greek: Ελισάβετ (Elisávet)
→ Aghwan: 𐔴𐔾𐔼𐕚𐔰𐔱𐔴𐔸 (elisabet)
→ Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸 (aileisabaiþ)
→ Latin: Elisabeth
→ Dutch: Elisabet
→ English: Elisabeth, Elizabeth
→ Italian: Elisabetta
→ Russian: Элизабет (Elizabet)
→ Serbo-Croatian: Elizabeta, Елизабета
→ Ukrainian: Елізабет (Elizabet)
Old Occitan: Elisabel
→ Spanish: Isabel
→ English: Isabel
→ Cebuano: Isabel
→ Danish: Isabel
→ Italian: Isabella
→ German: Isabel
→ Irish: Isibéal
→ French: Isabelle
→ English: Isabelle
→ German: Isabelle
→ Swedish: Isabelle
→ Dutch: Isabel
→ Norwegian: Isabel
→ Polish: Izabela
→ Portuguese: Isabel
→ Swedish: Isabel
→ Tagalog: Isabel
→ Old Armenian: Եղիսաբեթ (Ełisabetʻ)
→ Old Church Slavonic: елисаветь (elisavetĭ)
→ Russian: Елизаве́та (Jelizavéta)
→ Serbo-Croatian: Јелисавета, Jelisaveta
→ Ukrainian: Єлизаве́та (Jelyzavéta)
→ Albanian: Izabetë, Isabetë

"My God is an oath," from אל (“god, deity”) + נשבע (“to promise, swear”).

(biblical) Elisheba (the wife of Aaron, mentioned in Exodus 6:23)


*A turned, reversed or inverted נ; the specific orientation is not meaningful.

(biblical) A Masoretic notation of unclear significance. Further details are uncertain.


מרדכי

he-proper noun

מׇרְדֳּכַי or מׇרְדְּכַי • (mordocháy or mord'cháy) m

מׇרְדֳּכַי (canonical)
מׇרְדְּכַי (canonical)
mordocháy (romanization)
mord'cháy (romanization)

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Μαρδοχαῖος (Mardokhaîos)

Greek: Μαρδοχαίος (Mardochaíos)

desctree

→ Latin: Mardochaeus, Mardocheus
→ Catalan: Mardoqueu
→ French: Mardochée
→ Italian: Mardocheo
→ Occitan: Mardoquèu
→ Polish: Mardocheusz
→ Portuguese: Mardoqueu
→ Spanish: Mardoqueo

→ Russian: Мардохе́й (Mardoxéj)

→ English: Mordecai, Mordechai

Yiddish: מרדכי (mordkhe)

Unknown; many hypotheses have been advanced, a prominent one of which is that it ultimately derives from Akkadian 𒀭𒀫𒌓 (Marduk), compare Elamite 𒈥𒁺𒋡 (MAR-du-ka₄).

אִישׁ יְהוּדִי הָיָה בְּשׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה וּשְׁמוֹ מׇרְדֳּכַי בֶּן יָאִיר בֶּן־שִׁמְעִי בֶּן־קִישׁ אִישׁ יְמִינִי׃

Tanach, Esther [[s:he:T3302#ב_ה|2:5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

There was a certain Jew in Shushan the castle, whose name was Mordecai the son of Jair the son of Shimei the son of Kish, a Benjamite,

'ísh y'hudí hayá b'shushán habirá ush'mó mordocháy ben ya'ír ben-shim'í ben-kísh 'ísh y'miní.
ʾīš yəhūḏī hāyā bəšūšan habbīrā ūšəmō mordŏḵay ben yāʾīr ben-šimʿī ben-qīš ʾīš yəmīnī.


גלעד

he-proper noun

גִּלְעָד • (gil'ád) m

גִּלְעָד (canonical)
gil'ád (romanization)

וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלִיָּהוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּי מִתֹּשָׁבֵי גִלְעָד אֶל־אַחְאָב חַי־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר עָמַדְתִּי לְפָנָיו אִם־יִהְיֶה הַשָּׁנִים הָאֵלֶּה טַל וּמָטָר כִּי אִם־לְפִי דְבָרִי׃

Tanach, 1 Kings [[s:he:T09a17#יז_א|17:1]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said unto Ahab: ‘As the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.’

vayómer Eliyáhu ha-Tishbí mitoshavé Gil'ád el-Akh'áv khay-Adonáy Elohé Yisra'él ashér 'amádti lefanáv im yihyé hashaním ha'éle tál u-matár ki im-l'fí d'varí.

(biblical) Gilead (a region east of the Jordan river)


יעקב

יַעֲקֹב • (ya'akóv) m

יַעֲקֹב (canonical)
ya'akóv (romanization)
יַעֲקוֹב (alternative)

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰακώβ (Iakṓb) (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Ancient Greek: Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos) (see there for further descendants)

→ Arabic: يَعْقُوب (yaʕqūb) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Classical Syriac: ܝܥܩܘܒ
→ Malayalam: യാക്കോബ് (yākkōbŭ), ചാക്കോ (cākkō)

desc

⇒ Yiddish: יעקבֿ (yankev), קאָפּל (kopl), יאַנקל (yankl)

From the imperfect of עָקַב, related to עָקֵב (heel).


מלכי־צדק

he-proper noun

מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק

מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק • (malki-tsédek) m

מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק (canonical)
malki-tsédek (romanization)

Proper name attested in Genesis, 14:18 and in Psalms 110:4.
The name is a nominal phrase, translating to "my king (מלך) is righteousness (צדק)".
It has been suggested that the occurrence in Psalms 110:4 is not originally intended as a proper name.
The standard translation of על־
דברתי מלכי־צדק is "after the order of Melchizedek", but the New Jewish Publication Society of America Version (1985) translates "a rightful king by My decree".

(biblical) Melchizedek (a king and priest mentioned in the book of Genesis; contemporary of Abraham)


נשיא

he-noun

נָשִׂיא • (nasí') m (plural indefinite נְשִׂיאִים, singular construct נְשִׂיא־, plural construct נְשִׂיאֵי־, feminine counterpart נְשִׂיאָה) [pattern: קָטִיל]

נָשִׂיא (canonical)
nasí' (romanization)
נְשִׂיאִים (indefinite plural)
נְשִׂיא־ (construct singular)
נְשִׂיאֵי־ (construct plural)
נְשִׂיאָה (feminine)
נָשִׂיא (indefinite singular)
נְשִׂיאִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נְשִׂיאֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנָּשִׂיא (definite singular)
נְשִׂיאֲךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נְשִׂיאֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נְשִׂיאֲכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נְשִׂיאֲכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נְשִׂיא־ (construct singular)
נְשִׂיאוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נְשִׂיאָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נְשִׂיאָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נְשִׂיאָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
נְשִׂיאִים (indefinite plural)
נשיאיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נְשִׂיאַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
נְשִׂיאֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַנְּשִׂיאִים (definite plural)
נְשִׂיאֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
נשיאייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נְשִׂיאַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
נְשִׂיאֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
נְשִׂיאֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
נְשִׂיאֵי־ (construct plural)
נְשִׂיאָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
נְשִׂיאֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
נְשִׂיאֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
נְשִׂיאֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

he-decl

הַנְּשִׂיאִים

Literally "lifted up" or "exalted", metaphorically referring to the higher status of a ruler.

וַיַּרְא אֹתָהּ שְׁכֶם בֶּן־חֲמוֹר הַחִוִּי נְשִׂיא הָאָרֶץ וַיִּקַּח אֹתָהּ וַיִּשְׁכַּב אֹתָהּ וַיְעַנֶּהָ׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0134#לד_ב|34:2]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, the prince [ruler] of the land, saw her; and he took her, and lay with her, and humbled her.

(biblical and historical) A prince: the head or ruler of a nation or tribe.


מדינה

he-noun

מְדִינָה • (m'diná) f (plural indefinite מְדִינוֹת, singular construct מְדִינַת־, plural construct מְדִינוֹת־)

מְדִינָה (canonical)
m'diná (romanization)
מְדִינוֹת (indefinite plural)
מְדִינַת־ (construct singular)
מְדִינוֹת־ (construct plural)

Likely borrowed from Aramaic מְדִינְתָּא (məḏīntā), itself formed from the root of דין (“to judge”), denoting the place where judgement takes place. Cognate with Arabic مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”).

bor

Aramaic מְדִינְתָּא (məḏīntā)


עשו

he-proper noun

עֵשָׂו • ('esáv, ʿēśāw) m

עֵשָׂו (canonical)
'esáv (romanization)
ʿēśāw (romanization)

Alternative form: עשיו


מצה

he-noun

מַצָּה • (matsá) f

Uncertain; it has traditionally been linked to מָצַץ (“to suck”) (with a literal meaning of "something that is sucked up or drained [out]", presumably referring to the leaven), but this derivation is not without its problems. Various alternate etymologies have been suggested, including that it may be a non-Semitic loanword (compare Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza, “barley-bread or cake”)) or that it may be נ־צ־ה relating to haste (meaning "something that is prepared in haste").

cog

אֹהֵב פֶּשַׁע אֹהֵב מַצָּה

Tanach, Proverbs [[s:he:T2817#יז_יט|17:19]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

He loveth transgression that loveth strife;

'ohév pésha' 'ohév matsá
ʾōhēḇ péšaʿ ʾōhēḇ maṣṣā


חרס

he-noun

חֶרֶס • (khéres) m (singular construct חֶרֶס־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

חֶרֶס (canonical)
khéres (romanization)
חֶרֶס־ (construct singular)

From Hittite 𒂁 (ḫarši-, “a kind of rough pottery vessel”); in the Tanakhic passages it does not mean the material itself, but only a kind of vessel, which apparently derives from Asia Minor with the borrowing. Other Semitic languages have instead of this word a phono-semantic matching, under which are Classical Syriac ܚܶܙܦܳܐ (ḥezəp̄ā), Classical Syriac ܚܶܨܦܳܐ (ḥeṣəp̄ā, “piece of pottery”), whence Arabic خَزَف (ḵazaf), and Ge'ez ጻሕብ (ṣaḥb), ጻኅብ (ṣaḫb, “earthen vessel”).


חנה

⇒ Ancient Greek: Ἄννα (Ánna) (see there for further descendants)

→ Chinese: 哈拿 (Hāná)

→ Czech: Hana

desctree

⇒ Dutch: Hanna, Hannah
→ Chinese: 漢娜 /汉娜 (Hànnà) (transliteration)

desc

⇒ English: → Chana (transliteration), Hanna, Hannah (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Esperanto: Anno

⇒ Finnish: Hanna

desctree

⇒ German: Hannah
→ Chinese: 漢娜 /汉娜 (Hànnà) (transliteration)

⇒ Hungarian: Hanna
→ Chinese: 漢娜 /汉娜 (Hànnà) (transliteration)

→ Yiddish: חנה (khnh)

Related to חַנּוּן (khanún, “merciful, gracious, compassionate”).

(biblical) Hannah (mother of the prophet Samuel in the Old Testament)


אחז

he-proper noun

אָחָז • (akház) m

/ʔɔːˈħaz/ [ʔɔːˈħaːz]

/ʔɔˈħaz/ [ʔɔːˈħæːz]

(biblical) Ahaz (a king of Judah mentioned in the book of Kings)


טיט

he-noun

טִיט • (tít, ṭîṭ) m

טִיט (canonical)
tít (romanization)
ṭîṭ (romanization)

From Proto-Semitic *ṭīn- (“clay”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒅎 (ṭīdum) and Arabic طِين (ṭīn).


תרח

(biblical) Terah (the father of Abraham)


רבשקה

he-proper noun

רַבְשָׁקֵה • (ravshaké) m

רַבְשָׁקֵה (canonical)
ravshaké (romanization)


אביגיל

אֲבִיגַיִל • (avigáyil) f

אֲבִיגַיִל (canonical)
avigáyil (romanization)

From אָבִי ('aví, “my father”) + גִּיל (gíl, “joy”).

com

(biblical) Abigail (the wife of Nabal and later of David in the Old Testament)


(chiefly biblical) Used to signify the end of a passage, such as a verse from Scripture.


שרה

From Proto-Semitic *śarār (“to rule”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒊩𒈗 (šarratum, “queen”).

(biblical) Sarah (the wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac in the Bible)


רחב

Compare Arabic رَحْب (raḥb), Ge'ez ርሑብ (rəḥub).

(biblical) Rahab (a prostitute of Jericho who, in the Torah, helped Israelite spies)


זכריה

he-proper noun

זְכַרְיָה • (z'kharyá) m

זְכַרְיָה (canonical)
z'kharyá (romanization)

From זכר (“has remembered”) + יה (“Yahweh”).

(biblical) Zechariah (a book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh)

(biblical) Zechariah (a Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah, the eleventh of the Twelve Minor Prophets)


שופט

he-noun

שׁוֹפֵט / שֹׁפֵט • (shofét) m (plural indefinite שׁוֹפְטִים / שֹׁפְטִים, singular construct שׁוֹפֵט / שֹׁפֵט־, plural construct שׁוֹפְטֵי / שֹׁפְטֵי־)

שׁוֹפֵט (canonical)
שֹׁפֵט (canonical)
shofét (romanization)
שׁוֹפְטִים (indefinite plural)
שֹׁפְטִים (indefinite plural)
שׁוֹפֵט (construct singular)
שֹׁפֵט־ (construct singular)
שׁוֹפְטֵי (construct plural)
שֹׁפְטֵי־ (construct plural)

Compare Ugaritic 𐎘𐎔𐎉 (ṯpṭ), Punic 𐤔𐤐𐤈 (špṭ).

(biblical) A judge: an ad hoc leader in ancient Israel.


עמנואל

he-proper noun

עִמָּנוּאֵל • ('imanu'él) m

עִמָּנוּאֵל (canonical)
'imanu'él (romanization)

From עִמָּנוּ ('imánu, “with us”) + אֵל (el, “God”); hence literally “God with us”.

[…] הִנֵּה הָעַלְמָה הָרָה וְיֹלֶדֶת בֵּן וְקָרָאת שְׁמוֹ עִמָּנוּאֵל׃
[…] hiné ha'almá hará v'yolédet bén v'karát sh'mó imanuél.

[…] Behold, the maiden will become pregnant and bear a son, and she will name him Immanuel.

(biblical) Immanuel (a figure whose birth is prophesied in the Book of Isaiah in the Bible)


נביאים

נְבִיאִים • (n'vi'ím) m

נְבִיאִים (canonical)
n'vi'ím (romanization)

→ English: Nevi'im, Neviim

cog

Arabic نبيئين

(biblical) Nevi'im (a subdivision of the Hebrew Testament (Tanakh) that is known in English as the Prophets)


רבקה

רִבְקָה (canonical)
rivká (romanization)

Literally "connection". From Proto-Semitic *r-b-q (“to join, couple, tie”). Also see Arabic رَبَقَ (rabaqa, “he ties”).


אליהו

he-proper noun

אֵלִיָּהוּ • ('Eliyáhu) m

אֵלִיָּהוּ (canonical)
'Eliyáhu (romanization)
אֵלִיָּה (alternative)

→ Chuvash: Илле (Ille)

desctree

→ English: Elijah
→ Hawaiian: ʻElia
→ Maori: Irāia

desc

→ Koine Greek: Ἠλίας (Ēlías), Ἡλίᾱς (Hēlíās), Ἠλείᾱς (Ēleíās), Ἡλείᾱς (Hēleíās) (New Testament) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Old Armenian: Եղիա (Ełia)
Armenian: Եղիա (Ełia)

→ Ossetian: Илла (Illa)

desc

⇒ Ossetian: Уацилла (Wacilla, “Ossetian god of rain, thunder and lightning”, literally “Saint Elijah”)

→ Persian: ایلیا (iliyâ)

→ Yiddish: אליהו (elyohu)

→ Russian: Илья (Ilʹja)

→ Ukrainian: Ілля (Illja)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Ilija

Theophoric, from אֵל ('el, “god”) + ־ִי (-i, “my”) + ּ־יָהו (-yáhu, “the LORD”), literally meaning “Yahweh is my god.”

af

וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלִיָּהוּ לְכָל־הָעָם גְּשׁוּ אֵלַי וַיִּגְּשׁוּ כָל־הָעָם אֵלָיו וַיְרַפֵּא אֶת־מִזְבַּח יְהוָה הֶהָרוּס׃

Tanach, 1 Kings [[s:he:T09a18#יח_ל|18:30]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And Elijah said unto all the people: ‘Come near unto me’; and all the people came near unto him. And he repaired the altar of the Lord that was thrown down.

Va-yómer Eliyáhu l-khol ha-'am gshu elái va-yigshú khol ha-'am eláv va-yrapé et mizbáḥ Adonái he-harús

כְּגוֹן אֵלּוּ, אֵלִיָּהוּ בָא לְטַמֵּא וּלְטַהֵר, לְרַחֵק וּלְקָרֵב.

a. 217 C.E., Mishnah. Eduyot, section 8.7:

In such cases, Elijah comes to render impure or pure, and to distance from or bring near.

K-gon élu, Eliyáhu va l-tammé ul-tahér, l-raḥéq ul-qarév.

אֱלִיָּהוּ זָכוּר לַטּוֹב שָׁאַל לְרִבִּי נְהוֹרַיי מִפְּנֵי מַה בָּרָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שְׁקָצִים וּרְמָשִׂים בְּעוֹלָמוֹ

a. 425 C.E., Jerusalem Talmud. Berachot, section 9.2:

Elijah, may his memory be for good, asked Rabbi Nehorai: Why did the Holy Blessed One create creeping and crawling things in His world?

Eliyáhu zakhúr la-tóv sha'ál l-Ríbi N'horái: Mipné ma bará ha-qadósh barúkh hu sh'qatsím u-rmasím b-'olamó?

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: כְּלָבִים בּוֹכִים, מַלְאַךְ הַמָּֽוֶת בָּא לָעִיר. כְּלָבִים מְשַׂחֲקִים, אֵלִיָּֽהוּ הַנָּבִיא בָּא לָעִיר. וְהָנֵי מִלֵּי דְּלֵית בְּהוּ נְקֵבָה:

a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud. Bava Kamma, 60b:

Our sages taught: When dogs are whining, the angel of death has come to the city. When dogs are playing, Elijah the prophet has come to the city. And these matters apply only when there's no female among them.

Tanú rabbanán: k'lavím bokhím, mal'ákh ha-mávet ba la-'ir. K'lavím m'saḥaqím, Eliyáhu ha-Naví ba la-ir. V-hanéi miléi d-léit b'hú n'qevá.

(Abrahamism, biblical) Elijah (an Israelite prophet in the Abrahamic religions)


נח

(biblical, religion) Noah (a figure in Abrahamic religions, believed to have built an ark to save his family and members of each species of animal from the Great Flood)


קדימה

he-adv

קָדִימָה • (kadíma)

קָדִימָה (canonical)
kadíma (romanization)

וְעַל גְּבוּל בִּנְיָמִן, מִפְּאַת קָדִימָה עַד־פְּאַת־יָמָּה; שִׁמְעוֹן, אֶחָד.

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1248#מח_כד|48:24]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And by the border of Benjamin, from the east side unto the west side: Simeon, one portion.

və'al gəvúl binyamín, mippəát qadíma 'ad-pəát-yáma; shim'ón, eḥád.

וּלְפַאֲתֵי מִזְרָח, קָדִימָה, / עַיִן לְצִיּוֹן צוֹפִיָּה.

And onwards, towards the ends of the east, / An eye still looks towards Zion.


גדעון

he-proper noun

גִּדְעוֹן • (gid'ón) m [pattern: קִטְלוֹן]

גִּדְעוֹן (canonical)
gid'ón (romanization)

(biblical) Gideon (a warrior judge of Israel mentioned in the book of Judges)