See יהוה in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "יה"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "־יהו"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "יהו־"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Yahweh",
"3": "Jehovah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Yahweh, Jehovah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Yahweh, Jehovah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ヤハウェ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "Yahawe"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ヤハウェ (Yahawe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ヤハウェ (Yahawe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "Javé",
"3": "Jeová",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: Javé, Jeová",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Latin"
},
"expansion": "(via Latin)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: Javé, Jeová (via Latin)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "耶和華",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "Yēhéhuá"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 耶和華／耶和华 (Yēhéhuá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via English"
},
"expansion": "(via English)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 耶和華／耶和华 (Yēhéhuá) (via English)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "Javeo",
"3": "Jehovo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: Javeo, Jehovo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: Javeo, Jehovo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syc",
"2": "ܝܗܘܗ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܗܘܗ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܗܘܗ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يهوه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "yahwah"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: يهوه (yahwah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: يهوه (yahwah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Yavé",
"3": "Jehová",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: Yavé, Jehová",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Latin"
},
"expansion": "(via Latin)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: Yavé, Jehová (via Latin)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*hwy",
"4": "",
"5": "to fall, happen, be, become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *hwy (“to fall, happen, be, become”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "masc."
},
"expansion": "(masc.)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "هَوَى",
"3": "",
"4": "to blow (intr.), to breeze, to waft"
},
"expansion": "Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to blow (intr.), to breeze, to waft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "هَوَى",
"3": "",
"4": "to descend, to sink"
},
"expansion": "Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to descend, to sink”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The etymology of this theonym has been discussed very extensively in scholarly literature, but remains uncertain.\nLewis (2020) presents the scholarly consensus that יהוה (yhwh ~ Yahweh) is the verbal form, prefixed by 3rd singular masculine y-, of hyh ~ hwh ~ hwy \"to be\" (whose ancestor is reconstructed by Huehnergard (2011) as Proto-Semitic *hwy (“to fall, happen, be, become”)); Lewis further interprets Yahweh as a non-causative meaning \"the [permanently] existing one; the god who is\" and a pre-monarchic archaic vocalization from another dialect than classical Hebrew (hence Yahweh instead of expected **yihweh; compare יִֽהְיֶ֣ה (yihyeh, “he will be; it (masc.) will be”)).\nMeanwhile, Lewis objects to some other major interpretations (which lack explicit attestations and linguistic connections made by native Biblical Hebrew speakers), namely:\n* causative \"he who causes to be\" (reflecting Yahweh’s ability as a creator) by Albright, Freedman, & Cross (also by Huehnergard, 2011).\n* \"he blows (tr.)\" (if true, then cognate with Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to blow (intr.), to breeze, to waft”)) by van der Toorn or \"he fells (with lightning)\" by Wellhausen (if true, then causative of *hwy \"to fall\", whence Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to descend, to sink”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "YHWH",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "YHWH",
"wv": "יהוה"
},
"expansion": "יהוה • (YHWH) m",
"name": "he-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "אהיה"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "יְיָ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "él",
"word": "אֵל"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "elohím",
"word": "אלוהים"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "elohím",
"word": "אֱלֹהִים"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hashém",
"word": "הַשֵּׁם"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Judaism",
"orig": "he:Judaism",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "he:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "God",
"orig": "he:God",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Gods",
"Islam",
"Judaism",
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "he:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tetragrammaton (the word in four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration as YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously rendered as Yahweh or Jehovah)"
],
"id": "en-יהוה-he-name-sgK-EGK7",
"links": [
[
"Judaism",
"Judaism"
],
[
"Tetragrammaton",
"Tetragrammaton#English:_Q105173"
],
[
"Hebrew",
"Hebrew"
],
[
"יהוה",
"יהוה#Hebrew"
],
[
"transliteration",
"transliteration"
],
[
"YHWH",
"YHWH"
],
[
"JHVH",
"JHVH"
],
[
"ineffable",
"ineffable"
],
[
"God",
"God"
],
[
"Bible",
"Bible"
],
[
"Yahweh",
"Yahweh"
],
[
"Jehovah",
"Jehovah"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Judaism) Tetragrammaton (the word in four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration as YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously rendered as Yahweh or Jehovah)"
],
"tags": [
"Judaism"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "he:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "God",
"orig": "he:God",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Gods",
"Islam",
"Judaism",
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "he:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And to Seth, to him also there was born a son; and he called his name Enosh; then began men to call upon the name of the Lord.",
"ref": "Tanach, [[s:he:T0104#ד_כו|4:26]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:",
"text": "וּלְשֵׁ֤ת גַּם־הוּא֙ יֻלַּד־בֵּ֔ן וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ אֱנ֑וֹשׁ אָ֣ז הוּחַ֔ל לִקְרֹ֖א בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְהֹוָֽהֹ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The proper, personal name of the Jewish and Christian God."
],
"id": "en-יהוה-he-name-FyGELIPD",
"links": [
[
"God",
"God"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/jahˈwɛː/"
},
{
"other": "/jahˈvɛ/"
},
{
"other": "[jahˈvɛː]"
},
{
"other": "/ja.hăˈvɛ/"
},
{
"other": "[jaː.haˈvɛː]"
},
{
"other": "/ja(h)ˈve/"
},
{
"other": "/ja.(h)aˈve/"
},
{
"ipa": "/je.hoˈva/",
"note": "ahistorical; based on יְהֹוָה. see usage notes.",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9288 (heb)-Uziel302-יהוה.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ࠉࠡࠄࠅࠝࠄ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Biblical Hebrew",
"David Noel Freedman",
"Frank Moore Cross",
"Julius Wellhausen",
"Karel van der Toorn",
"William F. Albright"
],
"word": "יהוה"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"Hebrew lemmas",
"Hebrew masculine nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns",
"Hebrew terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Hebrew terms inherited from Proto-Semitic",
"Hebrew terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hebrew terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"he:Christianity",
"he:God",
"he:Religion"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "יה"
},
{
"word": "־יהו"
},
{
"word": "יהו־"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Yahweh",
"3": "Jehovah",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Yahweh, Jehovah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Yahweh, Jehovah"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ヤハウェ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "Yahawe"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ヤハウェ (Yahawe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ヤハウェ (Yahawe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "Javé",
"3": "Jeová",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: Javé, Jeová",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Latin"
},
"expansion": "(via Latin)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: Javé, Jeová (via Latin)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "耶和華",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "Yēhéhuá"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 耶和華／耶和华 (Yēhéhuá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via English"
},
"expansion": "(via English)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 耶和華／耶和华 (Yēhéhuá) (via English)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "Javeo",
"3": "Jehovo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: Javeo, Jehovo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: Javeo, Jehovo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syc",
"2": "ܝܗܘܗ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܗܘܗ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܝܗܘܗ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "يهوه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "yahwah"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: يهوه (yahwah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: يهوه (yahwah)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Yavé",
"3": "Jehová",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: Yavé, Jehová",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Latin"
},
"expansion": "(via Latin)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: Yavé, Jehová (via Latin)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*hwy",
"4": "",
"5": "to fall, happen, be, become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *hwy (“to fall, happen, be, become”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "masc."
},
"expansion": "(masc.)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "هَوَى",
"3": "",
"4": "to blow (intr.), to breeze, to waft"
},
"expansion": "Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to blow (intr.), to breeze, to waft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "هَوَى",
"3": "",
"4": "to descend, to sink"
},
"expansion": "Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to descend, to sink”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The etymology of this theonym has been discussed very extensively in scholarly literature, but remains uncertain.\nLewis (2020) presents the scholarly consensus that יהוה (yhwh ~ Yahweh) is the verbal form, prefixed by 3rd singular masculine y-, of hyh ~ hwh ~ hwy \"to be\" (whose ancestor is reconstructed by Huehnergard (2011) as Proto-Semitic *hwy (“to fall, happen, be, become”)); Lewis further interprets Yahweh as a non-causative meaning \"the [permanently] existing one; the god who is\" and a pre-monarchic archaic vocalization from another dialect than classical Hebrew (hence Yahweh instead of expected **yihweh; compare יִֽהְיֶ֣ה (yihyeh, “he will be; it (masc.) will be”)).\nMeanwhile, Lewis objects to some other major interpretations (which lack explicit attestations and linguistic connections made by native Biblical Hebrew speakers), namely:\n* causative \"he who causes to be\" (reflecting Yahweh’s ability as a creator) by Albright, Freedman, & Cross (also by Huehnergard, 2011).\n* \"he blows (tr.)\" (if true, then cognate with Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to blow (intr.), to breeze, to waft”)) by van der Toorn or \"he fells (with lightning)\" by Wellhausen (if true, then causative of *hwy \"to fall\", whence Arabic هَوَى (hawā, “to descend, to sink”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "YHWH",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "YHWH",
"wv": "יהוה"
},
"expansion": "יהוה • (YHWH) m",
"name": "he-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "אהיה"
},
{
"word": "יְיָ"
},
{
"roman": "él",
"word": "אֵל"
},
{
"roman": "elohím",
"word": "אלוהים"
},
{
"roman": "elohím",
"word": "אֱלֹהִים"
},
{
"roman": "hashém",
"word": "הַשֵּׁם"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"he:Judaism"
],
"glosses": [
"Tetragrammaton (the word in four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration as YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously rendered as Yahweh or Jehovah)"
],
"links": [
[
"Judaism",
"Judaism"
],
[
"Tetragrammaton",
"Tetragrammaton#English:_Q105173"
],
[
"Hebrew",
"Hebrew"
],
[
"יהוה",
"יהוה#Hebrew"
],
[
"transliteration",
"transliteration"
],
[
"YHWH",
"YHWH"
],
[
"JHVH",
"JHVH"
],
[
"ineffable",
"ineffable"
],
[
"God",
"God"
],
[
"Bible",
"Bible"
],
[
"Yahweh",
"Yahweh"
],
[
"Jehovah",
"Jehovah"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Judaism) Tetragrammaton (the word in four Hebrew letters יהוה (in transliteration as YHWH or JHVH) used as the ineffable name of God in the Hebrew Bible, variously rendered as Yahweh or Jehovah)"
],
"tags": [
"Judaism"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew terms with quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Hebrew quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And to Seth, to him also there was born a son; and he called his name Enosh; then began men to call upon the name of the Lord.",
"ref": "Tanach, [[s:he:T0104#ד_כו|4:26]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:",
"text": "וּלְשֵׁ֤ת גַּם־הוּא֙ יֻלַּד־בֵּ֔ן וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ אֱנ֑וֹשׁ אָ֣ז הוּחַ֔ל לִקְרֹ֖א בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְהֹוָֽהֹ",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The proper, personal name of the Jewish and Christian God."
],
"links": [
[
"God",
"God"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/jahˈwɛː/"
},
{
"other": "/jahˈvɛ/"
},
{
"other": "[jahˈvɛː]"
},
{
"other": "/ja.hăˈvɛ/"
},
{
"other": "[jaː.haˈvɛː]"
},
{
"other": "/ja(h)ˈve/"
},
{
"other": "/ja.(h)aˈve/"
},
{
"ipa": "/je.hoˈva/",
"note": "ahistorical; based on יְהֹוָה. see usage notes.",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9288 (heb)-Uziel302-יהוה.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav/LL-Q9288_%28heb%29-Uziel302-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%94.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄"
},
{
"word": "ࠉࠡࠄࠅࠝࠄ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Biblical Hebrew",
"David Noel Freedman",
"Frank Moore Cross",
"Julius Wellhausen",
"Karel van der Toorn",
"William F. Albright"
],
"word": "יהוה"
}
Download raw JSONL data for יהוה meaning in Hebrew (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Hebrew dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.