מפתח

he-noun

מַפְתֵּחַ • (maftéakh) m (plural indefinite מַפְתְּחוֹת, singular construct מַפְתֵּחַ־, plural construct מַפְתְּחוֹת־) [pattern: מַקְטֵל]

מַפְתֵּחַ (canonical)
maftéakh (romanization)
מַפְתְּחוֹת (indefinite plural)
מַפְתֵּחַ־ (construct singular)
מַפְתְּחוֹת־ (construct plural)

Root
 פ־ת־ח (p-t-kh)
Cognate with Arabic مِفْتَاح (miftāḥ).


ספרייה

ספרייה / סִפְרִיָּה • (sifriyá) f (plural indefinite סִפְרִיּוֹת, singular construct ספריית / סִפְרִיַּת־)

סִפְרִיָּה (canonical)
sifriyá (romanization)
סִפְרִיּוֹת (indefinite plural)
ספריית (construct singular)
סִפְרִיַּת־ (construct singular)
ספרייה (indefinite singular)
סִפְרִיָּה (indefinite singular)
ספרייתי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סִפְרִיָּתִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
ספרייתנו (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
סִפְרִיָּתֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הספרייה (definite singular)
הַסִּפְרִיָּה (definite singular)
ספרייתך (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
סִפְרִיָּתְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ספרייתך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סִפְרִיָּתֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
ספרייתכם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
סִפְרִיַּתְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
ספרייתכן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
סִפְרִיַּתְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
ספריית־ (construct singular)
סִפְרִיַּת־ (construct singular)
ספרייתו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
סִפְרִיָּתוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
ספרייתה (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
סִפְרִיָּתָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
ספרייתם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
סִפְרִיָּתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
ספרייתן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
סִפְרִיָּתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
סִפְרִיּוֹת (indefinite plural)
ספריותיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סִפְרִיּוֹתַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סִפְרִיּוֹתֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַסִּפְרִיּוֹת (definite plural)
סִפְרִיּוֹתֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ספריותייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סִפְרִיּוֹתַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סִפְרִיּוֹתֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
סִפְרִיּוֹתֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
סִפְרִיּוֹת־ (construct plural)
סִפְרִיּוֹתָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
סִפְרִיּוֹתֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
סִפְרִיּוֹתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
סִפְרִיּוֹתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

he-decl

ספרייה\סִפְרִיָּה

־ִיָּה (“a place for”) + סֵפֶר (“book”). Coined by Itamar Ben-Avi in the sense of bookstore.

יהודית אמרה לי שהגיעו לספרייה ספרים חדשים אתמול.

Yehudit told me the library got new books yesterday.


דוד

he-proper noun

דָּוִד • (davíd) m

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Δαυίδ (Dauíd), Δαυείδ (Daueíd), Δᾱβῑ́δ (Dābī́d), Δαυῑ́δης (Dauī́dēs)

→ Latin: Dāvīd

→ Aramaic:

Classical Syriac: ܕܘܝܕ (Dāwīḏ), (informal) ܕܘܝܬ (Dāwīt)

→ Aghwan: 𐔳𐔰𐕛𐔼𐔸 (davit)

→ Georgian: დავითი (daviti)

→ Old Armenian: Դաւիթ (Dawitʻ)

From Proto-Semitic verbal root d-w-d ~ w-d-d "to love".

(biblical) David (the second king of Judah and Israel, the successor of King Saul in the Old Testament; the son of Jesse and the father of Nathan and King Solomon)


דרקון

he-proper noun

דַּרְקוֹן • (darkón) m

דַּרְקוֹן (canonical)
darkón (romanization)

דַּרְכּוֹן (darkón)

Darkon, the name of a minor biblical figure mentioned in Ezra 2:56 and again in Nehemiah 7:58.


חמץ

חָמֵץ (canonical)
khaméts (romanization)

Root
 ח־מ־ץ (kh-m-ts)
Cognate with Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חמע, Classical Syriac ܚܡܥ, Arabic حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ) and Akkadian 𒄩𒁀𒍮 (ḫabāṣu, ḫamāṣu, “to be cheerful, to be elated from alcohol”).

cog

(Judaism, collective) chametz (foods with leavening agents that are forbidden on the Jewish holiday of Passover)


פופאי

he-proper noun

פּוֹפָּאי • (pópay) m

פּוֹפָּאי (canonical)
pópay (romanization)

Popeye (a tough cartoon sailor, full name Popeye the Sailor, characterized by bulging forearm muscles, a squinty eye, and an affinity for spinach)


אברהם

אַבְרָהָם • (avrahám) m

אַבְרָהָם (canonical)
avrahám (romanization)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀβρᾱᾱ́μ (Abrāā́m), Ἀβράμης (Abrámēs), Ἀβραμίας (Abramías), Ἄβραμος (Ábramos)
Greek: Αβραάμ (Avraám)
→ Gothic: 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 (abraham)
→ Russian: Авраа́м (Avraám)
→ Latin: Abrāhām, Abrāhāmus
Italian: Abramo
Portuguese: Abraão

→ Classical Syriac: ܐܰܒܪܳܗܳܡ

Either:
* “Father of many”, from אַב (aḇ, “father of”) + הֲמוֹן (hăˈmōn, “multitude of”) as glossed in Genesis 17:4–5;
* “Father is exalted”, from אַב (av, aḇ) + רם (rám, “exalted, high”) (whence also אַבְרָם (avrám, 'aḇrām, “Abram”).).


יששכר

head

יִשָּׂשכָר or יִשְׂשָׂכָר • (yisakhár or yis'sakhár) m

יִשָּׂשכָר (canonical)
יִשְׂשָׂכָר (canonical)
yisakhár (romanization)
yis'sakhár (romanization)

(biblical) Issachar (ninth son of Jacob, by his wife Leah)

(biblical) Issachar (one of the Israelite tribes, descended from Issachar)


ראובן

he-proper noun

רְאוּבֵן • (r'uvén) m

רְאוּבֵן (canonical)
r'uvén (romanization)

Encyclopaedia Biblica
John Sutherland Black
Thomas Kelly Cheyne

Traditionally derived from רְאוּ (r'ú, “see [masculine plural imperative]”) + בֵּן (ben, “son”); the literal meaning is therefore roughly, "See, all: a son!".
For other proposals, see Encyclopaedia Biblica, volume 4.

(biblical) Reuben (first son of Jacob, by his wife Leah). Also Reuven


ישראלי

he-adj

יִשְׂרְאֵלִי

יִשְׂרְאֵלִית

יִשְׂרְאֵלִים

יִשְׂרְאֵלִיִּים

יִשְׂרְאֵלִיּוֹת

יִשְׂרְאֵלִי • (jiśrəʾēlî) (feminine יִשְׂרְאֵלִית, masculine plural יִשְׂרְאֵלִים or יִשְׂרְאֵלִיִּים, feminine plural יִשְׂרְאֵלִיּוֹת)

יִשְׂרְאֵלִי (canonical)
jiśrəʾēlî (romanization)
יִשְׂרְאֵלִית (feminine)
יִשְׂרְאֵלִים (masculine plural)
יִשְׂרְאֵלִיִּים (masculine plural)
יִשְׂרְאֵלִיּוֹת (feminine plural)

וַיֵּצֵא בֶּן־אִשָּׁה יִשְׂרְאֵלִית וְהוּא בֶּן־אִישׁ מִצְרִי בְּתוֹךְ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּנָּצוּ בַּמַּחֲנֶה בֶּן הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִית וְאִישׁ הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִי׃

And the son of an Israelitish woman, whose father [was] an Egyptian, went out among the children of Israel: and this son of the Israelitish [woman] and a man of Israel strove together in the camp; […]

vayetsé bén-ishá yisr'elít v'hú bén-ísh mitsrí b'tókh b'néi yisra'él vayinatsú bamakhané bén hayisr'elít v'ísh hayisr'elí.

(proscribed) Israelite: of, pertaining to, or being the descendants of Jacob.


דאדאיזם

he-noun

דָאדָאִיזְם • (dadaízm) m

דָאדָאִיזְם (canonical)
dadaízm (romanization)


דאדא

דָאדָא • (dáda) m


אונן

he-proper noun

אוֹנָן • (onán) m

→ English: Onan

→ Ancient Greek: Αὐνάν (Aunán)

From the root א־נ־ן . The root itself is denominal from the name of the biblical character Onan, whose name in turn means "mourner".


עלייה

he-noun

עלייה / עֲלִיָּה • (aliyá) f [pattern: קְטִילָה]

עֲלִיָּה (canonical)
aliyá (romanization)

Root
 ע־ל־ה (ʿ-l-h)
The verbal noun of the verb עָלָה (alá, “to rise”).

(Judaism, countable) aliyah (the calling up of someone to the bimah for the reading of the Torah)

(uncountable) aliyah (the immigration of Jews to Israel)


מקווה

מקווה / מִקְוֶה • (mikvé) m (plural indefinite מקווים / מִקְוִים or מִקְווֹת or מקוואות / מִקְוָאוֹת) [pattern: מִקְטָל]

מִקְוֶה (canonical)
mikvé (romanization)
מקווים (indefinite plural)
מִקְוִים (indefinite plural)
מִקְווֹת (indefinite plural)
מקוואות (indefinite plural)
מִקְוָאוֹת (indefinite plural)

Formed from the Semitic root ק-ו-ה (“to collect”), related to the noun המים (“collection”). More at Mikveh.


שבט

he-proper noun

שְׁבָט • (sh'vát)

שְׁבָט (canonical)
sh'vát (romanization)

[ʃaˈvɔː.ɔtˤ]

From Akkadian 𒌚𒀾 (Šabāṭum, literally “month of wheat (i.e. the start of harvest season)”).

bor

בְּיוֹם עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה לְעַשְׁתֵּי־עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ הוּא־חֹדֶשׁ שְׁבָט בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ הָיָה דְבַר־יְהֹוָה אֶל־זְכַרְיָה בֶּן־בֶּרֶכְיָהוּ בֶּן־עִדּוֹא הַנָּבִיא לֵאמֹר׃

Tanach, Zephaniah [[s:he:T2101#א_ז|1:7]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

Upon the four and twentieth day of the eleventh month, which is the month Shebat, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the Lord unto Zechariah the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo, the prophet, saying—

B-yóm 'esrím v-arba'á l-'ashtéi 'asár ḥódesh hu ḥódesh Shvaṭ bi-shnat shtáyim l-Daryávesh hayá dvár Zkharyá ben Berekhyáhu ben 'Iddó ha-navi lemór—

בְּאֶחָד בִּשְׁבָט, רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה לָאִילָן, כְּדִבְרֵי בֵית שַׁמַּאי. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, בַּחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר בּוֹ:

a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Rosh Hashanah 1:1:

On the first of Shevat is the new year for trees, according to the school of Shammai. The school of Hillel say, on the fifteenth of it.

B-eḥad bi-Shváṭ, rosh ha-shaná la-ilán, k-divréi veit Shammái. Beit Hillél omrím, ba-ḥamishá 'asár bo.

מַעֲשֶׂה בְּרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא שֶׁלִּיקֵּט אֶתְרוֹג בְּאֶחָד בִּשְׁבָט, וְנָהַג בּוֹ שְׁנֵי עִישּׂוּרִין.

a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Eruvin 7a:

Once Rabbi Akiva picked a citron on the first of Shevat, and took two tithes from it.

Ma'asé b-rabbí Aqivá she-liqqét etróg b-eḥád bi-shváṭ, v-nahág bo shnéi 'issurín.

(Judaism) Shevat (the fifth month of the civil year and the eleventh month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Tevet and before Adar)


פעמון

he-noun

פַּעֲמוֹנִים

פַּעֲמוֹן • (pa'amón) m (plural indefinite פַּעֲמוֹנִים, singular construct פַּעֲמוֹן־)

פַּעֲמוֹן (canonical)
pa'amón (romanization)
פַּעֲמוֹנִים (indefinite plural)
פַּעֲמוֹן־ (construct singular)

(music) bell (a percussive instrument made of metal or other hard material, typically but not always in the shape of an inverted cup with a flared rim, which resonates when struck)


בנק

בַּנְק • (bánk) m (plural indefinite בַּנְקִים)

בַּנְק (canonical)
bánk (romanization)
בַּנְקִים (indefinite plural)

Ultimately from Old Italian banca (“counter, moneychanger's bench or table”), from Lombardic bank (“bench, counter”), from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench, counter”). Cognate with Old High German banc, banch (“counter, bench”), Old English benċ (“bench”). More at bench.

der

(countable) bank (an institution where one can place and borrow money and take care of financial affairs)


בחור

he-noun

בָּחוּר • (bakhúr) m (plural indefinite בַּחוּרִים, feminine counterpart בַּחוּרָה)

בָּחוּר (canonical)
bakhúr (romanization)
בַּחוּרִים (indefinite plural)
בַּחוּרָה (feminine)

→ English: bochur

→ Lithuanian: bachūras

→ Polish: bachor

desctree

→ Yiddish: בחור (bokher)
→ Dutch: broger
→ German: Bocher

Root
 ב־ח־ר (b-kh-r)
From בחר (“chose, select”), hence literally "chosen" or "selected".

(Jewish law) a young man over 13 who is required to perform mitzvoth but has never married


זרוע

he-noun

זְרוֹעַ • (z'róa') f (plural indefinite זְרוֹעוֹת, singular construct זְרוֹעַ־, plural construct זְרוֹעוֹת־)

זְרוֹעַ (canonical)
z'róa' (romanization)
זְרוֹעוֹת (indefinite plural)
זְרוֹעַ־ (construct singular)
זְרוֹעוֹת־ (construct plural)

Root
 ז־ר־ע (z-r-ʿ)
From Proto-Semitic *ḏirāʕ- (“arm”). Compare Aramaic דְּרָעָא (dərāʿā), Arabic ذِرَاع (ḏirāʕ).

cog

Aramaic דְּרָעָא (dərāʿā)


נחש

נַחַשׁ (canonical)
nákhash (romanization)

magic, sorcery, spell, enchantment, augury


חור

he-noun

חוּר • (khúr) m


שד

שֵׁד • (shed) m (plural indefinite שֵׁדִים, feminine counterpart שֵׁדָה)

שֵׁד (canonical)
shed (romanization)
שֵׁדִים (indefinite plural)
שֵׁדָה (feminine)

Root
 שׁ־ו־ד (sh-w-d)
Compare Aramaic ܫܐܕܐ (šēḏā) and Akkadian 𒀭𒆘 (šēdum, “a protective deity”), from which the former derives.

cog

A demon, devil, fiend, sprite, bogey, fantom, genie, ghost, phantom, poltergeist, shade, spirit.


שוק

he-noun

שׁוּק • (shuk) m (plural indefinite שווקים / שְׁוָקִים)

שׁוּק (canonical)
shuk (romanization)
שווקים (indefinite plural)
שְׁוָקִים (indefinite plural)

Root
 שׁ־ו־ק (sh-w-q)
Probably from Akkadian 𒋻 (sūqum, “street”). Compare Arabic سُوق (sūq).


תו

תָּו • (táv) m (plural indefinite תווים / תָּוִים, singular construct תַּו־, plural construct תווי / תָּוֵי־)

תָּו (canonical)
táv (romanization)
תווים (indefinite plural)
תָּוִים (indefinite plural)
תַּו־ (construct singular)
תווי (construct plural)
תָּוֵי־ (construct plural)
תָּו (indefinite singular)
תָּוִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
תָּוֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַתָּו (definite singular)
תָּוְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
תָּוֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
תַּוְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
תַּוְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
תַּו־ (construct singular)
תָּווֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
תָּוָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
תָּוָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
תָּוָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
תווים (indefinite plural)
תָּוִים (indefinite plural)
תוויי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
תָּוַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
תווינו (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
תָּוֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
התווים (definite plural)
הַתָּוִים (definite plural)
תוויך (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
תָּוֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
תווייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
תָּוַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
תוויכם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
תָּוֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
תוויכן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
תָּוֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
תווי־ (construct plural)
תָּוֵי־ (construct plural)
תוויו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
תָּוָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
תוויה (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
תָּוֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
תוויהם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
תָּוֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
תוויהן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
תָּוֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

he-decl

תווים\תָּוִים

תווי\תָּוֵי־


חוליה

he-noun

חוליה / חֻלְיָה • (khulyá) f (plural indefinite חוליות)

חֻלְיָה (canonical)
khulyá (romanization)
חוליות (indefinite plural)

chulyah (A patterned knot tied according to a specific custom — e.g. Rambam chulyos or Ashkenazic chulyos — in the tzitzit fringes of a tallis)


תצלום

תַּצְלוּמִים

תַּצְלוּם • (tatslúm) m (plural indefinite תַּצְלוּמִים, singular construct תַּצְלוּם־)

תַּצְלוּם (canonical)
tatslúm (romanization)
תַּצְלוּמִים (indefinite plural)
תַּצְלוּם־ (construct singular)

(photography) photograph, photo, picture


תמונה

תְּמוּנָה • (tmuná) f (plural indefinite תְּמוּנוֹת)

תְּמוּנָה (canonical)
tmuná (romanization)
תְּמוּנוֹת (indefinite plural)


מצלמה

מַצְלֵמָה • (matzlemá) f (plural indefinite מַצְלֵמוֹת, singular construct מַצְלֵמַת־, plural construct מַצְלֵמוֹת־) [pattern: מַקְטֵלָה]

מַצְלֵמָה (canonical)
matzlemá (romanization)
מַצְלֵמוֹת (indefinite plural)
מַצְלֵמַת־ (construct singular)
מַצְלֵמוֹת־ (construct plural)

(photography) camera (a device for taking still or moving pictures or photographs)


יובל

he-proper noun

יוּבַל • (yuvál) m

Root
 י־ב־ל (y-b-l)
Related to אוּבָל ('uvál, “stream”) and Arabic وَبَلَ (wabala, “to rain heavily”).

cog

(biblical, Torah) Jubal (a son of Lamech and Ada)


יובל

he-noun

יוֹבֵל • (yovél) m (plural indefinite יוֹבְלִים or יוֹבְלוֹת, singular construct יוֹבֵל־, plural construct יוֹבְלֵי־ or יוֹבְלוֹת־)

יוֹבֵל (canonical)
yovél (romanization)
יוֹבְלִים (indefinite plural)
יוֹבְלוֹת (indefinite plural)
יוֹבֵל־ (construct singular)
יוֹבְלֵי־ (construct plural)
יוֹבְלוֹת־ (construct plural)

(Jewish law) A Jubilee, a Jubilee year: a year of rest, prescribed by the Jewish Bible to occur each fiftieth year, after seven cycles of seven years.


עקרב

עַקְרָב • (akráv) m

עַקְרָב (canonical)
akráv (romanization)

[ʕaqˈʀɔː.ɔv]

From Proto-Semitic *ʕaḳrab-. Compare Arabic عَقْرَب (ʕaqrab) and Classical Syriac ܥܩܪܒܐ (ʿeqarbā).

(astrology) Scorpio (the zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology))


פלג

→ Ancient Greek: Φαλέγ (Phalég)

→ English: Peleg

→ Latin: Phaleg

he:פלג
he:פלג (דמות מקראית)

(biblical) Peleg (one of the two sons of Eber)


דבורה

he-proper noun

דְּבוֹרָה • (dvorá) f

דְּבוֹרָה (canonical)
dvorá (romanization)

From Proto-Semitic *dVbr- (“bee”). Cognate with Classical Syriac ܕܒܘܪܐ (debbōrā), Amharic ዲቧራ (dibʷara), Arabic دَبُّور (dabbūr), زُنْبُور (zunbūr), Classical Mandaic ࡆࡉࡌࡁࡅࡓࡀ (zimbura), Aramaic דְּבוֹרְתָא, זִיבּוֹרָא.

cog

Aramaic דְּבוֹרְתָא


נמל

he-noun

נָמֵל • (namél) m (plural indefinite נְמֵלִים, singular construct נְמַל־, plural construct נִמְלֵי־)

נָמֵל (canonical)
namél (romanization)
נְמֵלִים (indefinite plural)
נְמַל־ (construct singular)
נִמְלֵי־ (construct plural)

At the time of the Babylonian Talmud, borrowed from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn) with metathesis.


ראשון

רִאשׁוֹן • (rishón) m (plural indefinite רִאשׁוֹנִים) [pattern: קִטְלוֹן]

רִאשׁוֹן (canonical)
rishón (romanization)
רִאשׁוֹנִים (indefinite plural)

(Judaism) one of the Rishonim, Jewish sages after the Geonim but prior to the Shulchan Aruch


ראש השנה

he-proper noun

רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה

רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה • (rosh-hashaná) m

רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה (canonical)
rosh-hashaná (romanization)

desc

رَأْس السَّنَة

→ Arabic: رَأْس السَّنَة (raʔs as-sana) (calque)

→ Catalan: Roix ha-Xanà

→ English: Rosh Hashanah

→ French: Roch Hachana

→ German: Rosch ha-Schana

→ Ladino: ראש השנה (Rosh Ashaná)

→ Russian: Рош Ха-Шана (Roš Xa-Šana)

→ Spanish: Rosh Hashaná

→ Yiddish: ראָש־השנה (roshe-shone)

/ˌʀoʃ haʃːɔˈnɔ/

From רֹאשׁ (rosh-, “head of”) + הַשָּׁנָה (hashaná, “the year”); hence literally “the head of the year”.

Rosh Hashanah
Rosh Hashanah#English:_Q131028

(Judaism) Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish holiday marking the start of the liturgical year, taking place on the first two days of Tishrei, 163 days after the first day of Passover)


יוון

he-proper noun

יוון / יָוָן • (yāwān, yaván) f

יָוָן (canonical)
yāwān (romanization)
yaván (romanization)

→⇒ German: Gauner

Likely descended from Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn, “Ion, ancestor of the Ionians”); compare the alternative forms Ἰάων (Iáōn) and Ἰάϝων (Iáwōn).

der

בְּנֵי יֶפֶת גֹּמֶר וּמָגוֹג וּמָדַי וְיָוָן וְתֻבָל וּמֶשֶׁךְ וְתִירָס׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0110#י_ב|10:2]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

B'néi Yéfet: Gómer u-Magóg u-Madái v-Yaván v-Tuvál u-Méshekh v-Tirás.

(biblical) Javan (the fourth son of Japheth)


גמל

he-verb

גָּמַל • (gamál) (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נִגְמַל)

גָּמַל (canonical)
gamál (romanization)
נִגְמַל (passive)
גָּמַלְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
גָּמַלְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
גָּמַלְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
גָּמַלְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
גְּמַלְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
גְּמַלְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
גָּמַל (masculine past singular third-person)
גָּמְלָה (feminine past singular third-person)
גָּמְלוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
גּוֹמֵל (masculine present singular)
גּוֹמֶלֶת (feminine present singular)
גּוֹמְלִים (masculine plural present)
גּוֹמְלוֹת (feminine plural present)
אגמול (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶגְמֹל (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נגמול (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִגְמֹל (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תגמול (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְמֹל (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְמְלִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּגְמְלוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תגמולנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּגְמֹלְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יגמול (future masculine singular third-person)
יִגְמֹל (future masculine singular third-person)
תגמול (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּגְמֹל (feminine future singular third-person)
יִגְמְלוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תגמולנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּגְמֹלְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
גמול (imperative masculine singular)
גְּמֹל (imperative masculine singular)
גִּמְלִי (feminine imperative singular)
גִּמְלוּ (imperative masculine plural)
גמולנה (feminine imperative plural)
גְּמֹלְנָה (feminine imperative plural)


סופר

he-noun

סוּפֶּר • (súper) m

סוּפֶּר (canonical)
súper (romanization)


טירה

טִירָה • (tirá) f (plural indefinite טִירוֹת, singular construct טִירַת־, plural construct טִירוֹת־)

טִירָה (canonical)
tirá (romanization)
טִירוֹת (indefinite plural)
טִירַת־ (construct singular)
טִירוֹת־ (construct plural)

אִם־חוֹמָ֣ה הִ֔יא נִבְנֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ טִ֣ירַת כָּ֑סֶף

Tanach, Song of Songs [[s:he:T3008#ח_ט|8:9]]:


אביר

אַבִּיר • (abír) m (plural indefinite אַבִּירִים, plural construct אַבִּירֵי־, feminine counterpart אַבִּירָה)

אַבִּיר (canonical)
abír (romanization)
אַבִּירִים (indefinite plural)
אַבִּירֵי־ (construct plural)
אַבִּירָה (feminine)

(biblical) a great horse, an ox or a strong working bull


חטא

חֵטְא • (khet) m (plural indefinite חֲטָאִים, singular construct חֵטְא־, plural construct חֲטָאֵי־)

חֵטְא (canonical)
khet (romanization)
חֲטָאִים (indefinite plural)
חֵטְא־ (construct singular)
חֲטָאֵי־ (construct plural)
חֵטְא (indefinite singular)
חֶטְאִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
חֶטְאֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַחֵטְא (definite singular)
חֶטְאֲךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֶטְאֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֶטְאֲכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֶטְאֲכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֵטְא־ (construct singular)
חֶטְאוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֶטְאָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֶטְאָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
חֶטְאָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
חֲטָאִים (indefinite plural)
חטאיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
חֲטָאַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
חֲטָאֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַחֲטָאִים (definite plural)
חֲטָאֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
חטאייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֲטָאַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֲטָאֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֲטָאֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֲטָאֵי־ (construct plural)
חֲטָאָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֲטָאֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֲטָאֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
חֲטָאֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Root
 ח־ט־א (kh-ṭ-ʾ)
Cognate to Arabic خَطِئَ (ḵaṭiʔa, “to err, to sin”).

cog

(Jewish law) an unintentional sin, done unknowingly


פרש

פָּרַשׁ (canonical)
parásh (romanization)
פָּרַשְׁתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
פָּרַשְׁנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
פָּרַשְׁתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
פָּרַשְׁתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
פְּרַשְׁתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
פְּרַשְׁתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
פָּרַשׁ (masculine past singular third-person)
פָּרְשָׁה (feminine past singular third-person)
פָּרְשׁוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
פּוֹרֵשׁ (masculine present singular)
פּוֹרֶשֶׁת (feminine present singular)
פּוֹרְשִׁים (masculine plural present)
פּוֹרְשׁוֹת (feminine plural present)
אפרוש (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶפְרֹשׁ (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נפרוש (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִפְרֹשׁ (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תפרוש (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפְרֹשׁ (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפְרְשִׁי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּפְרְשׁוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תפרושנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּפְרֹשְׁנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יפרוש (future masculine singular third-person)
יִפְרֹשׁ (future masculine singular third-person)
תפרוש (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּפְרֹשׁ (feminine future singular third-person)
יִפְרְשׁוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תפרושנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּפְרֹשְׁנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
פרוש (imperative masculine singular)
פְּרֹשׁ (imperative masculine singular)
פִּרְשִׁי (feminine imperative singular)
פִּרְשׁוּ (imperative masculine plural)
פרושנה (feminine imperative plural)
פְּרֹשְׁנָה (feminine imperative plural)

(biblical) to make clear, expound clearly


מלח

he-noun

מֶלַח • (mélaḥ) m (plural indefinite מְלָחִים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

מֶלַח (canonical)
mélaḥ (romanization)
מְלָחִים (indefinite plural)

Root
 מ־ל־ח (m-l-kh)
From Proto-West Semitic *milḥ-. Compare Aramaic מִלְחָא (milḥā), Classical Syriac ܡܠܚܐ (milḥā), Arabic مِلْح (milḥ), Maltese melħ.

הֲלֹא לָכֶם לָדַעַת כִּי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נָתַן מַמְלָכָה לְדָוִיד עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְעוֹלָם לוֹ וּלְבָנָיו בְּרִית מֶלַח׃

Tanach, 2 Chronicles [[s:he:T25b13#יג_ה|13:5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

Ought ye not to know that the Lord, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?

haló lakhém la-dá'at ki Adonái Elohéi Yisraél natán mamlakhá l-Davíd 'al Yisraél l'olám lo ul-vanáv brit mélaḥ

(figurative, biblical) permanence, continuity


יוסף

he-proper noun

יוֹסֵף • (yoséf) m

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰωσήφ (Iōsḗph)
Greek: Ιοσήφ (Iosíf), Ιωσήφ (Iosíf)
→ Old Armenian: Յովսէփ (Yovsēpʻ)
Armenian: Հովսեփ (Hovsepʻ)
→ Gothic: 𐌹𐍉𐍃𐌴𐍆 (iōsēf)
→ Latin: Iōsēphus (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Church Slavonic: Іѡсифъ (Iosifŭ)
→ Belarusian: Іо́сіф (Iósif)
→ Bulgarian: Йо́сиф (Jósif)
→ Romanian: Iosif
→ Russian: Ио́сиф (Iósif), О́сип (Ósip)
→ Serbo-Croatian: Јосиф
→ Serbo-Croatian: Josip
→ Slovene: Josip
→ Ukrainian: Йо́сип (Jósyp)

→ Arabic: يُوسُف (yūsuf)
→ Albanian: Jusuf, Isuf
→ Azerbaijani: Yusif
→ Bashkir: Йосоп (Yosop)
→ Bengali: ইউসুফ (iuśuph)
→ Chinese: → 優素福／优素福 (Yōusùfú) (transliteration)
→ Kazakh: Жүсіп (Jüsıp)
→ Middle Armenian: Յուսուփ (Yusupʻ), Իւսուֆ (Iwsuf), Ուսուփ (Usupʻ), Յուսուֆ (Yusuf)
→ Maguindanao: Yosef
→ Malay: Yusuf
→ Indonesian: Yusuf, Jusuf, Joesoef
→ Maranao: Yosop
→ Ottoman Turkish: یوسف
Turkish: Yusuf
→ Uyghur: يۈسۈپ (yüsüp)
→ Swahili: Yusufu

→ Yiddish: יוסף (yosef, yoysef)

Root
 י־ס־ף (y-s-p)
Third-person singular jussive of הוֹסִיף (hosíf, “to add”), thus meaning “may he add”.

(biblical) Joseph (eleventh and favorite son of Jacob, by his wife Rachel)


תלי

he-proper noun

תְּלִי or תֶּלִי • (t'lí or téli) m

תְּלִי (canonical)
תֶּלִי (canonical)
t'lí (romanization)
téli (romanization)

(Lunar node): Referring to the draconic period.


כלא

he-verb

כָּלָא • (kalá) (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נִכְלָא)

כָּלָא (canonical)
kalá (romanization)
נִכְלָא (passive)
כָּלָאתִי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
כָּלָאנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
כָּלָאתָ (masculine past second-person singular)
כָּלָאת (feminine past second-person singular)
כְּלָאתֶם (masculine past plural second-person)
כְּלָאתֶן (feminine past plural second-person)
כָּלָא (masculine past singular third-person)
כָּלְאָה (feminine past singular third-person)
כָּלְאוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
כּוֹלֵא (masculine present singular)
כּוֹלֵאת (feminine present singular)
כּוֹלְאִים (masculine plural present)
כּוֹלְאוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶכְלָא (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִכְלָא (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּכְלָא (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּכְלְאִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּכְלְאוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּכְלֶאנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִכְלָא (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּכְלָא (feminine future singular third-person)
יִכְלְאוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּכְלֶאנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
כְּלָא (imperative masculine singular)
כִּלְאִי (feminine imperative singular)
כִּלְאוּ (imperative masculine plural)
כְּלֶאנָה (feminine imperative plural)

(transitive) To jail, to lock up, to hold (someone) prisoner.


נפל

נָפַל • (nafál) (pa'al construction, infinitive ליפול / לִפֹּל, future ייפול / יִפֹּל, imperative נפול / נְפֹל, passive participle נָפוּל)

נָפַל (canonical)
nafál (romanization)
ליפול (infinitive)
לִפֹּל (infinitive)
ייפול (future)
יִפֹּל (future)
נפול (imperative)
נְפֹל (imperative)
נָפוּל (participle passive)
נָפַלְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
נָפַלְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
נָפַלְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
נָפַלְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
נְפַלְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
נְפַלְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
נָפַל (masculine past singular third-person)
נָפְלָה (feminine past singular third-person)
נָפְלוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
נוֹפֵל (masculine present singular)
נוֹפֶלֶת (feminine present singular)
נוֹפְלִים (masculine plural present)
נוֹפְלוֹת (feminine plural present)
אפול (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶפֹּל (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
ניפול (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִפֹּל (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תיפול (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפֹּל (future masculine second-person singular)
תיפלי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּפְּלִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תיפלו (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּפְּלוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תיפולנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּפֹּלְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
ייפול (future masculine singular third-person)
יִפֹּל (future masculine singular third-person)
תיפול (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּפֹּל (feminine future singular third-person)
ייפלו (future masculine plural third-person)
יִפְּלוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תיפולנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּפֹּלְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
נפול (imperative masculine singular)
נְפֹל (imperative masculine singular)
נִפְלִי (feminine imperative singular)
נִפְלוּ (imperative masculine plural)
נפולנה (feminine imperative plural)
נְפֹלְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

וַיִּשְׁכְּנוּ מֵחֲוִילָה עַד־שׁוּר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם בֹּאֲכָה אַשּׁוּרָה עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־אֶחָיו נָפָל׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0125#כה_יח|25:18]], with translation of the English Standard Version:

They settled from Havilah to Shur, which is opposite Egypt in the direction of Assyria. He settled over against all his kinsmen.

(biblical) To reside, to dwell, to settle.

וַיָּבֹא יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָל־עַם הַמִּלְחָמָה עִמּוֹ עֲלֵיהֶם עַל־מֵי מֵרוֹם פִּתְאֹם וַיִּפְּלוּ בָּהֶם׃

Tanach, Joshua [[s:he:T0611#יא_ז|11:7]], with translation of the New International Version:

So Joshua and his whole army came against them suddenly at the Waters of Merom and attacked them,

(biblical) To attack, to start a battle (to apply violent force).


רקד

רָקַד (canonical)
raqád (romanization)
רָקַדְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
רָקַדְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
רָקַדְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
רָקַדְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
רְקַדְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
רְקַדְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
רָקַד (masculine past singular third-person)
רָקְדָה (feminine past singular third-person)
רָקְדוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
רוֹקֵד (masculine present singular)
רוֹקֶדֶת (feminine present singular)
רוֹקְדִים (masculine plural present)
רוֹקְדוֹת (feminine plural present)
ארקוד (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶרְקֹד (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נרקוד (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִרְקֹד (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תרקוד (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּרְקֹד (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּרְקְדִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּרְקְדוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תרקודנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּרְקֹדְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
ירקוד (future masculine singular third-person)
יִרְקֹד (future masculine singular third-person)
תרקוד (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּרְקֹד (feminine future singular third-person)
יִרְקְדוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תרקודנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּרְקֹדְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
רקוד (imperative masculine singular)
רְקֹד (imperative masculine singular)
רִקְדִי (feminine imperative singular)
רִקְדוּ (imperative masculine plural)
רקודנה (feminine imperative plural)
רְקֹדְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

Direct cognate of Aramaic רקד, related to Arabic رَقَصَ (raqaṣa)

הֶהָרִים רָקְדוּ כְאֵילִים גְּבָעוֹת כִּבְנֵי־צֹאן׃

Tanach, Psalms [[s:he:T26b4#קיד_ד|114:4]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

The mountains skipped like rams, The hills like young sheep.

he-harím raqdú kh-eilím; g'va'ót kivnéi-tson.


ארם

he-proper noun

אֲרַם • (arám) m

→ English: Aram

?→ Indonesian: Aram

→ Latin: Āram

?→ Maori: Arame

?→ Portuguese: Arã

Possibly related to הרים (“highlands”), suggested to be used in contrast with כְּנַעַן (k'ná'an) meaning "lowlands."


זמר

he-noun

זֶמֶר • (zémer) m (plural indefinite זְמָרִים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

זֶמֶר (canonical)
zémer (romanization)
זְמָרִים (indefinite plural)

זֹאת הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר תֹּאכֵלוּ; שׁוֹר שֵׂה כְשָׂבִים וְשֵׂה עִזִּים. אַיָּל וּצְבִי וְיַחְמוּר; וְאַקּוֹ וְדִישֹׁן וּתְאוֹ וָזָמֶר.

Tanach, [[s:he:T0514#|14:4-5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

These are the beasts which ye shall eat; the ox, the sheep, and the goat.
The hart, and the gazelle, and the roebuck, and the wild goat, and the pygarg, and the antelope, and the mountain-sheep.

zot habəhemá ashér tochélu, shor se chəsavím vəse 'izzím. ayyál utzəví vəyaḥmúr, vəaqó vədishón utəó vazámer.

(biblical) one of the seven kosher beasts, whose identity is unknown. Probably the giraffe.


נחת

נָחֵת • (nakhét) m (plural indefinite נְחֵתִים, singular construct נְחֵת־, plural construct נְחֵתֵי־)

נָחֵת (canonical)
nakhét (romanization)
נְחֵתִים (indefinite plural)
נְחֵת־ (construct singular)
נְחֵתֵי־ (construct plural)


אסא

he-proper noun

אָסָא • (ása) m

(biblical) Asa (the third king of Judah mentioned in the Books of Kings who succeeded his father Abijah; the father of King Jehoshaphat)


תרפים

he-noun

תְּרָפִים • (t'rafím) m pl

תְּרָפִים (canonical)
t'rafím (romanization)

וְלָבָן הָלַךְ לִגְזֹז אֶת־צֹאנוֹ וַתִּגְנֹב רָחֵל אֶת־הַתְּרָפִים אֲשֶׁר לְאָבִיהָ׃

Tanach, Genesis [[s:he:T0131#לא_יט|31:19]], with translation of the New International Version:

When Laban had gone to shear his sheep, Rachel stole her father's household gods.

V-Laván halákh ligzóz et tsonó va-tignóv Raḥél et ha-t'rafím ashér le-avíha


יהודית

he-proper noun

יְהוּדִית • (y'hudít) f

יְהוּדִית (canonical)
y'hudít (romanization)

→ Ancient Greek: Ιουδίθ (Ioudíth)

→ Old Armenian: Յուդիթ (Yuditʻ)

Armenian: Հուդիթ (Huditʻ)

desc

→ Greek: Ιουδίθ (Ioudíth) (semi-learned)

→ Latin: Iudith, Judith

⇒ 友弟德傳／友弟德传 (Yǒudìdézhuàn)

→ Chinese: 友弟德 (Yǒudìdé); ⇒ 友弟德傳／友弟德传 (Yǒudìdézhuàn)

→ Czech: Judita

→ Danish: Judith

→ English: Judith

→ Faroese: Judit

→ French: Judith

→ Galician: Xudite, Xudit

→ German: Judith, Judit

→ Hungarian: Judit

→ Irish: Iúidit; ⇒ Leabhar Iúidit

desctree

→ Italian: Giuditta
→ Maltese: Ġuditta; ⇒ Ktieb ta’ Ġuditta

→ Norwegian: Judith, Judit

→ Polish: Judyta; ⇒ Księga Judyty

→ Portuguese: Judite

→ Romanian: Iudita

→ Russian: Джу́дит (Džúdit)

→ Slovak: Judita

→ Spanish: Judit

→ Swedish: Judith, Judit

→ Old Church Slavonic:

desc

→ Russian: Юди́фь (Judífʹ), Иуди́фь (Iudífʹ)

→ English: Yehudit, Yehudis (learned)

→ Finnish: Jehudit (learned)

→ German: Jehudit (learned)

→ Urdu: یہودیت (yahūdīt) (learned)

→ Yiddish: יהודית (yehudes) (learned)

...דַּבֶּר-נָא אֶל-עֲבָדֶיךָ אֲרָמִית כִּי שֹׁמְעִים אֲנָחְנוּ וְאַל-תְּדַבֵּר עִמָּנוּ יְהוּדִית בְּאָזְנֵי הָעָם אֲשֶׁר עַל-הַחֹמָה.

Tanach, Isaiah [[s:he:T1036#לו_יא|36:11]], with translation of the New International Version:

...Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, since we understand it; don't speak to us in Hebrew in the hearing of the people on the wall.

...dabber-ná el-'avadécha aramít ki šomə'ím anáḥnu vəal-tədabbḗr 'immánu yəhudít bəoznḗ ha'ám ašer 'al-haḥomá.

(biblical) Judith (the protagonist of the Biblical book of Judith)


בראשית

he-proper noun

בְּרֵאשִׁית • (bereshít) m

בְּרֵאשִׁית (canonical)
bereshít (romanization)

[baʀ̟eːʔˈʃiːiθ]

From the opening phrase of the first book of the Torah: בְּ־ (b'-, “in”) + רֵאשִׁית (reshít, “beginning”), literally “in [the] beginning”.

(religion, biblical) Genesis (the first book in the Hebrew Bible)


פירמידה

he-noun

פִּירָמִידָה

פִּירָמִידַת

פִּירָמִידוֹת

פִּירָמִידָה • (piramída) f (plural indefinite פִּירָמִידוֹת, singular construct פִּירָמִידַת־)

פִּירָמִידָה (canonical)
piramída (romanization)
פִּירָמִידוֹת (indefinite plural)
פִּירָמִידַת־ (construct singular)

Internationalism, ultimately via French pyramide from Latin pyramis and Ancient Greek πυραμίς (puramís).
Compare also Russian пирамида (piramida), Polish piramida, German Pyramide.


ירד

he-proper noun

יֶרֶד • (yéred) m

From Proto-Semitic *warad-. Cognate to Ugaritic 𐎊𐎗𐎄 (yrd, “to go down”), Arabic وَرَدَ (warada, “to come, to arrive”), Ge'ez ወረደ (wärädä, “to descend”) and Akkadian 𒉿𒊏𒁺𒌝 (warādum, “to go down to lower ground, to come ashore, to go downhill or downstream”).

cog

(biblical) Jared (a man mentioned in the Book of Genesis, a descendant of Adam and of Seth, the father of Enoch, an ancestor of Noah)


כינור

he-noun

כינור / כִּנּוֹר • (kinór) m (plural indefinite כינורות / כִּנּוֹרוֹת, singular construct כינור / כִּנּוֹר־, plural construct כינורות / כִּנּוֹרוֹת־)

כִּנּוֹר (canonical)
kinór (romanization)
כינורות (indefinite plural)
כִּנּוֹרוֹת (indefinite plural)
כינור (construct singular)
כִּנּוֹר־ (construct singular)
כינורות (construct plural)
כִּנּוֹרוֹת־ (construct plural)

→ Late Egyptian: knnr, kniwr

Coptic: ⲕⲓⲛⲉⲣⲁ (kinera)

→ English: kinnor

→ Ancient Greek: κινύρᾱ (kinúrā)

→ Late Latin: cinyra

Italian: cinira

→ Italian: kinnor

Root
 כ־נ־ר (k-n-r)
From Proto-Semitic *kinnār-.

זַמְּרוּ לַיהוָה בְּכִנּוֹר; בְּכִנּוֹר וְקוֹל זִמְרָה׃

Tanach, Psalms [[s:he:T2698#צח_ה|98:5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

Sing praises unto the LORD with the harp; With the harp and the voice of melody.

Zammrú l-Adonái b-khinnór; b-khinnór v-qol zimrá.

כִּנּוֹר הָיָה תָּלוּי לְמַעְלָה מִמִּטָּתוֹ שֶׁל דָּוִד

a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Berachot 3b:

Kinnor hayá talúy l'máʿla mim-miṭṭató shel Davíd.

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם שֶׁל זָהָב וְשֶׁל נְחֹשֶׁת וְשֶׁל אוֹר; הֲלֹא לְכָל שִׁירַיִךְ אֲנִי כִּנּוֹר

1967, Naomi Shemer (lyrics and music), “ירושלים של זהב [Jerusalem of Gold]”, in שירי נעמי שמר [Songs of Naomi Shemer], performed by Shuly Nathan, Jerusalem, →OCLC:

Jerusalem of gold and of bronze and of light; am I not for all of your songs a violin?

Yerushaláyim shel zaháv v-shel n'ḥóshet v-shel or; haló l-khol shiráyikh ani kinnor


בריא

בָּרִיא (canonical)
barí (romanization)
בְּרִיאָה (feminine)
בְּרִיאִים (masculine plural)
בְּרִיאוֹת (feminine plural)

וַיַּקְרֵב אֶת־הַמִּנְחָה לְעֶגְלוֹן מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב; וְעֶגְלוֹן אִישׁ בָּרִיא מְאֹד.

Tanach, [[s:he:T0703#ג_יז|3:17]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And he presented the tribute to Eglon king of Moab; Now Eglon was a very fat man.

vayyaqrév et-hamminḥá lə'eglón mélech moáv; və'eglón ish barí məód.


כלי נשיפה

כְּלִי נְשִׁיפָה

כְּלִי נְשִׁיפָה • (k'li n'shifá) m

כְּלִי נְשִׁיפָה (canonical)
k'li n'shifá (romanization)

wind instrument
wind instrument#English:_Q173453

(music) wind instrument (any musical instrument that produces sound when air flows through it)


ספירה

סְפִירָה • (s'firá) f (plural indefinite סְפִירוֹת, singular construct סְפִירַת־) [pattern: קְטִילָה]

סְפִירָה (canonical)
s'firá (romanization)
סְפִירוֹת (indefinite plural)
סְפִירַת־ (construct singular)
סְפִירָה (indefinite singular)
סְפִירָתִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סְפִירָתֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַסְּפִירָה (definite singular)
סְפִירָתְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
סְפִירָתֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סְפִירַתְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
סְפִירַתְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
סְפִירַת־ (construct singular)
סְפִירָתוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
סְפִירָתָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
סְפִירָתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
סְפִירָתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
סְפִירוֹת (indefinite plural)
ספירותיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סְפִירוֹתַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סְפִירוֹתֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַסְּפִירוֹת (definite plural)
סְפִירוֹתֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ספירותייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סְפִירוֹתַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סְפִירוֹתֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
סְפִירוֹתֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
סְפִירוֹת־ (construct plural)
סְפִירוֹתָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
סְפִירוֹתֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
סְפִירוֹתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
סְפִירוֹתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

→ English: sefirah

Root
 ס־פ־ר (s-p-r)
Action noun of סָפַר (safár).

ספירת העומר
ספירת העומר#Hebrew

(Judaism, singular only) The period commencing with Passover and concluding with Pentecost. Abbreviation of ספירת העומר.


שירותים

שירותים / שֵׁרוּתִים • (sherutím) m pl

שֵׁרוּתִים (canonical)
sherutím (romanization)


חתן

Root
 ח־ת־ן (kh-t-n)
Cognate with Arabic خَتَن (ḵatan, “son-in-law or brother-in-law”), which comes from a root (خ ت ن (ḵ-t-n)) related to both circumcision and matrimonial links.

cog

חותן חותן#Hebrew


חתן

חִתֵּן (canonical)
khitén (romanization)

חיתן חיתן#Hebrew


סרט

he-noun

סֶרֶט • (séret) m (plural indefinite סְרָטִים, singular construct סֶרֶט־, plural construct סִרְטֵי־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

סֶרֶט (canonical)
séret (romanization)
סְרָטִים (indefinite plural)
סֶרֶט־ (construct singular)
סִרְטֵי־ (construct plural)
סֶרֶט (indefinite singular)
סִרְטִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סִרְטֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַסֶּרֶט (definite singular)
סִרְטְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
סִרְטֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סִרְטְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
סִרְטְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
סֶרֶט־ (construct singular)
סִרְטוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
סִרְטָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
סִרְטָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
סִרְטָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
סְרָטִים (indefinite plural)
סרטיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סְרָטַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
סְרָטֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַסְּרָטִים (definite plural)
סְרָטֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
סרטייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סְרָטַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
סִרְטֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
סִרְטֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
סִרְטֵי־ (construct plural)
סְרָטָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
סְרָטֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
סִרְטֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
סִרְטֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Root
 ס־ר־ט (s-r-ṭ)
The root ס־ר־ט occurs but postbiblically and its words are utterly Aramaic borrowings or derivations from it.
A native cognate to Arabic شَرَطَ (šaraṭa) would be **שָׂרַט (śāraṭ) but is only included in Bibles by textual corruption and is missing in Biblical Hebrew dictionaries and critical editions of the Tanakh postdating the long nineteenth century.

(by extension, photography) film (a medium used to capture images in a camera)

(by extension, countable) film (the sequence of still images itself; a movie)


ניצב

ניצב / נִצָּב • (nitsáv) m

נִצָּב (canonical)
nitsáv (romanization)


ניצב

ניצב / נִצָּב • (nitsáv) m (feminine counterpart ניצבת / נִצֶּבֶת)

נִצָּב (canonical)
nitsáv (romanization)
ניצבת (feminine)
נִצֶּבֶת (feminine)


אחרון

אַחֲרוֹן • (akharón) m (plural indefinite אַחֲרוֹנִים)

אַחֲרוֹן (canonical)
akharón (romanization)
אַחֲרוֹנִים (indefinite plural)

(Judaism) One of the Acharonim, modern sages of Jewish law.


אסר

he-verb

אָסַר • (asár) (pa'al construction, present אוֹסֵר, future יֶאֱסֹר, passive participle אָסוּר, passive counterpart נֶאֱסַר)

אָסַר (canonical)
asár (romanization)
אוֹסֵר (present)
יֶאֱסֹר (future)
אָסוּר (participle passive)
נֶאֱסַר (passive)
אָסַרְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
אָסַרְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
אָסַרְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
אָסַרְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
אֲסַרְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
אֲסַרְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
אָסַר (masculine past singular third-person)
אָסְרָה (feminine past singular third-person)
אָסְרוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
אוֹסֵר (masculine present singular)
אוֹסֶרֶת (feminine present singular)
אוֹסְרִים (masculine plural present)
אוֹסְרוֹת (feminine plural present)
אאסור (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶאֱסֹר (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נאסור (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נֶאֱסֹר (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תאסור (future masculine second-person singular)
תֶּאֱסֹר (future masculine second-person singular)
תֶּאֶסְרִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תֶּאֶסְרוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תאסורנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תֶּאֱסֹרְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יאסור (future masculine singular third-person)
יֶאֱסֹר (future masculine singular third-person)
תאסור (feminine future singular third-person)
תֶּאֱסֹר (feminine future singular third-person)
יֶאֶסְרוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תאסורנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תֶּאֱסֹרְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
אסור (imperative masculine singular)
אֱסֹר (imperative masculine singular)
אִסְרִי (feminine imperative singular)
אִסְרוּ (imperative masculine plural)
אסורנה (feminine imperative plural)
אֱסֹרְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

Compare with Arabic أَسَرَ (ʔasara, “to capture, seize”)


בית כנסת

he-noun

בֵּית כְּנֶסֶת

בָּתֵּי כְּנֶסֶת

בֵּית כְּנֶסֶת • (bet knéset) m (plural indefinite [בֵּית]]_כְּנֶסֶת " lang="he">בָּתֵּי כְּנֶסֶת)

בֵּית כְּנֶסֶת (canonical)
bet knéset (romanization)
בָּתֵּי כְּנֶסֶת (indefinite plural)

Roots
 ב־י־ת (b-y-t)
 כ־נ־ס (k-n-s)
From בֵּית־ (bet-, “house of”) + כְּנֶסֶת (knéset, “congregating, meeting”).

כמה בתי כנסת יש בשכונה הזאת?

How many synagogues are there in this neighborhood?

káma batéi knéset yesh bash'khuná hazót?


חג המולד

חַג הַמּוֹלָד

חַג הַמּוֹלָד • (khag hamolád) m

חַג הַמּוֹלָד (canonical)
khag hamolád (romanization)

From חג (chag, “holiday”) and מולד (molad, “nativity”). Compare Arabic عيد الميلاد.

cog

Arabic عيد الميلاد


מעל

מָעַל (canonical)
ma'ál (romanization)
מָעַלְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
מָעַלְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
מָעַלְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
מָעַלְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
מְעַלְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
מְעַלְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
מָעַל (masculine past singular third-person)
מָעֲלָה (feminine past singular third-person)
מָעֲלוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
מוֹעֵל (masculine present singular)
מוֹעֶלֶת (feminine present singular)
מוֹעֲלִים (masculine plural present)
מוֹעֲלוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶמְעַל (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִמְעַל (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּמְעַל (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּמְעֲלִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּמְעֲלוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּמְעַלְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִמְעַל (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּמְעַל (feminine future singular third-person)
יִמְעֲלוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּמְעַלְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
מְעַל (imperative masculine singular)
מַעֲלִי (feminine imperative singular)
מַעֲלוּ (imperative masculine plural)
מְעַלְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

Root
 מ־ע־ל (m-ʿ-l)
From the root מ־ע־ל (m-`-l).

(Judaism) to commit sacrilege, steal something from the Temple in Jerusalem, use sacred property for personal use


חם

Root
 ח־מ־ם (kh-m-m)
Compare Arabic حَمِيم (ḥamīm, “hot”), Eblaite 𒉿𒈬𒌈 (à-mu-tum /ḥammū/, “hot”).

(biblical) Ham (a son of Noah and the brother of Japheth and Shem)


גשר

גָּשַׁר (canonical)
gāšár (romanization)
גָּשַׁרְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
גָּשַׁרְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
גָּשַׁרְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
גָּשַׁרְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
גְּשַׁרְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
גְּשַׁרְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
גָּשַׁר (masculine past singular third-person)
גָּשְׁרָה (feminine past singular third-person)
גָּשְׁרוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
גּוֹשֵׁר (masculine present singular)
גּוֹשֶׁרֶת (feminine present singular)
גּוֹשְׁרִים (masculine plural present)
גּוֹשְׁרוֹת (feminine plural present)
אגשור (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶגְשֹׁר (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נגשור (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִגְשֹׁר (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תגשור (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְשֹׁר (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְשְׁרִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּגְשְׁרוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תגשורנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּגְשֹׁרְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יגשור (future masculine singular third-person)
יִגְשֹׁר (future masculine singular third-person)
תגשור (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּגְשֹׁר (feminine future singular third-person)
יִגְשְׁרוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תגשורנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּגְשֹׁרְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
גשור (imperative masculine singular)
גְּשֹׁר (imperative masculine singular)
גִּשְׁרִי (feminine imperative singular)
גִּשְׁרוּ (imperative masculine plural)
גשורנה (feminine imperative plural)
גְּשֹׁרְנָה (feminine imperative plural)

Root
 ג־שׁ־ר (g-sh-r)
From Akkadian 𒄀𒅆𒅕𒊑 (/gišru/, “bridge”), as also Aramaic גשרא (gišrā, “bridge”) / ܓܫܪܐ (gešrā, “bridge”) and by its mediation Arabic جِسْر (jisr, “bridge”).


חלב

he-noun

חֵלֶב • (khélev) m (singular construct חֵלֶב־) [pattern: קֵטֶל]

חֵלֶב (canonical)
khélev (romanization)
חֵלֶב־ (construct singular)

desctree

→ Yiddish: חלבֿ (kheylev)
→ English: chelev

he:חלב (שומן)

(Judaism) chelev (certain animal fats that the Torah prohibits Jews and Israelites from eating)


טלית

he-noun

טַלִּית • (talit) f (plural indefinite טַלִּיתוֹת, singular construct טַלִּית־)

טַלִּית (canonical)
talit (romanization)
טַלִּיתוֹת (indefinite plural)
טַלִּית־ (construct singular)

→ Dutch: tallit

→ English: tallit

→ Yiddish: טלית (tales)

Unclear. Suggestions include:
* From the Aramaic root ט־ל־ל (t-l-l) (related to the Hebrew root צ־ל־ל (ts-l-l); compare צל (tsél)).
* From Ancient Greek στολή (stolḗ, “garment”).

בבית הכנסת בבוקר האנשים לובשים טליתות

In the synagogue in the morning the men wear prayer shawls.

(Judaism) tallit (a traditional Jewish prayer shawl with tassels which covers the chest and upper part of the back)


חשמל

חַשְׁמַל • (khashmál) m (singular construct חַשְׁמַל־)

חַשְׁמַל (canonical)
khashmál (romanization)
חַשְׁמַל־ (construct singular)

Unknown; possibly cognate with Akkadian 𒋤𒉘 (elmešu). The modern sense of electricity was coined by Judah Leib Gordon in 1880, based on the fact that Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, “amber, alloy of gold and silver”), from which electricity is derived, was used to translate the term in the Septuagint.

cog

וּמִתּוֹכָהּ כְּעֵין הַחַשְׁמַל מִתּוֹךְ הָאֵשׁ׃

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1201#א_ד|1:4]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

and out of the midst thereof as the colour of electrum, out of the midst of the fire.

umitokháh k'éin hakhashmál mitókh ha'ésh.
ūmittōḵāh kəʿēn haḥašmal mittōḵ hāʾēš.

וָאֵרֶא כְּעֵין חַשְׁמַל כְּמַרְאֵה־אֵשׁ בֵּית־לָהּ סָבִיב מִמַּרְאֵה מָתְנָיו וּלְמָעְלָה

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1201#א_כז|1:27]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And I saw as the colour of electrum, as the appearance of fire round about enclosing it, from the appearance of his loins and upward;

va'ére k'éin khashmál k'mar'e-'ésh beit-láh savív mimar'é motnáv ul'má'la
wāʾḗre kəʿēn ḥašmal kəmarʾē-ʾēš bēṯ-lāh sāḇīḇ mimmarʾē moṯnāw ūləmā́ʿlā

וּמִמָּתְנָיו וּלְמַעְלָה כְּמַרְאֵה־זֹהַר כְּעֵין הַחַשְׁמַלָה׃

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1208#ח_ב|8:2]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

and from his loins and upward, as the appearance of brightness, as the colour of electrum.

umimotnáv ul'má'la k'mar'e-zóhar k'éin hakhashmála.
ūmimmoṯnāw ūləmáʿlā kəmarʾē-zṓhar kəʿēn haḥašmálā.

(biblical) Meaning uncertain. Often translated as: electrum, amber


תוף

he-noun

תוף / תֹּף • (tof) m (plural indefinite תופים / תֻּפִּים, plural construct תופי־) [pattern: קֹטֶל]

תֹּף (canonical)
tof (romanization)
תופים (indefinite plural)
תֻּפִּים (indefinite plural)
תופי־ (construct plural)

Gesenius connects this word to Persian دف (daf, “a frame drum”), from 𒁾 (dub, “frame, tablet”). Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎚𐎔 (tp).

[…] וַתִּקַּח מִרְיָם הַנְּבִיאָה אֲחֹות אַהֲרֹן אֶת־הַתֹּף בְּיָדָהּ וַתֵּצֶאןָ כָֽל־הַנָּשִׁים אַחֲרֶיהָ בְּתֻפִּים וּבִמְחֹלֹֽת […]

Tanach, Exodus [[s:he:T0215#טו_כ|15:20]], with translation of the King James Version:

[…] And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances. […]

[…] vatikákh Miryam han'víyah akhót aharón et-hatóf b'yadáh vatetsená kal-hanaším akharéyah b'tufím uvimokhlót […]


מקדש

מִקְדָּשִׁים

מִקְדָּשׁ • (mikdásh) m (plural indefinite מִקְדָּשִׁים, singular construct מִקְדַּשׁ־, plural construct מִקְדְּשֵׁי־) [pattern: מִקְטָל]

מִקְדָּשׁ (canonical)
mikdásh (romanization)
מִקְדָּשִׁים (indefinite plural)
מִקְדַּשׁ־ (construct singular)
מִקְדְּשֵׁי־ (construct plural)

Compare Punic 𐤌𐤉𐤒𐤃𐤔 (myqdš), Aramaic מַקְדְּשָׁא (maqdəšā), Arabic مَقْدِس (maqdis).

cog

Aramaic מַקְדְּשָׁא (maqdəšā)


ברק

he-proper noun

בָּרָק • (barák) m

Root
 ב־ר־ק (b-r-q)
From Proto-Semitic *baraḳ-.

(biblical) Barak (the commander of the army of Deborah in the Old Testament)


קשת

he-noun

קֶשֶׁת • (késhet) f (plural indefinite קְשָׁתוֹת, singular construct קֶשֶׁת־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

קֶשֶׁת (canonical)
késhet (romanization)
קְשָׁתוֹת (indefinite plural)
קֶשֶׁת־ (construct singular)

Cognate with Akkadian 𒄑𒉼 (qaštum, “bow”) and Arabic قَوْس (qaws, “bow”).

(music) bow (a rod with horsehair (or an artificial substitute) stretched between the ends, used for playing various stringed musical instruments)

(construction, chiefly masonry) arch, archway


קשת

he-proper noun

קַשָּׁת • (kashát)

קַשָּׁת (canonical)
kashát (romanization)

(astronomy) Sagittarius (a constellation of the zodiac supposedly shaped like a centaur who is an archer)

(astrology) Sagittarius (the zodiac sign for the archer, ruled by Jupiter and covering November 23 - December 21 (tropical astrology) or December 16 - January 14 (sidereal astrology))


תנא

he-noun

תַּנָּא • (taná) m (plural indefinite תַּנָּאִים)

תַּנָּא (canonical)
taná (romanization)
תַּנָּאִים (indefinite plural)

(Judaism, historical) One of the Tannaim, sages of the Mishnah.


שאול

he-proper noun

שָׁאוּל • (sha'úl) m

שָׁאוּל (canonical)
sha'úl (romanization)

Root
 שׁ־א־ל (sh-ʾ-l)
Passive participle of שָׁאַל (sha'ál, “to ask, to borrow”). Proper noun follows from Adjective.

(biblical) Saul (the first king of Israel in the Old Testament)


דלי

דְּלִי • (dli) m

Compare Classical Syriac ܕܰܘܠܳܐ (dawlā), Arabic دَلْو (dalw), as well as Old Armenian դոյլ (doyl), a Semitic borrowing.

(astronomy) Aquarius (a constellation of the zodiac, supposedly shaped like a water carrier)

(astrology) Aquarius (the zodiac sign for the water carrier, ruled by Uranus covering January 20 – February 18 (tropical astrology) or February 15 – March 14 (sidereal astrology))


בס״ד

Abbreviation of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic בסיעתא דשמיא (“with the help of Heaven”)

bor

בסיעתא דשמיא


מסורת

he-noun

מסורת / מָסֹרֶת • (masóret) f (plural indefinite מסורות / מָסֹרוֹת, singular construct מסורת / מָסֹרֶת־, plural construct מסורות / מָסֹרוֹת־)

מָסֹרֶת (canonical)
masóret (romanization)
מסורות (indefinite plural)
מָסֹרוֹת (indefinite plural)
מסורת (construct singular)
מָסֹרֶת־ (construct singular)
מסורות (construct plural)
מָסֹרוֹת־ (construct plural)

Yiddish: מסורת (masoyres)

Root
 מ־ס־ר (m-s-r)
Either from the root א־ס־ר ('-s-r) (compare אָסַר (asár, “to bind, tie up, imprison”)) with the pattern מַקְטֹלֶת, giving the meaning “bond”; or from the root מ־ס־ר (m-s-r) (compare מָסַר (masár, “to pass down”)) with the pattern קָטֹלֶת, giving the meaning “tradition” (compare Aramaic מסרתא (“tradition”)). In post-Biblical Hebrew, interpreted as the latter.


קלרנית

קְלַרְנִית • (klarnít) f

קְלַרְנִית (canonical)
klarnít (romanization)


לול

לוּל • (lúl) m

chicken coop
chicken coop#English:_Q683343


קדש

קָדֵשׁ • (kadesh) m (feminine counterpart קדשה)

קָדֵשׁ (canonical)
kadesh (romanization)
קדשה (feminine)


שלם

שָׁלַם (canonical)
shalám (romanization)
שָׁלַמְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
שָׁלַמְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
שָׁלַמְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
שָׁלַמְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
שְׁלַמְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
שְׁלַמְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
שָׁלַם (masculine past singular third-person)
שָׁלְמָה (feminine past singular third-person)
שָׁלְמוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
שׁוֹלֵם (masculine present singular)
שׁוֹלֶמֶת (feminine present singular)
שׁוֹלְמִים (masculine plural present)
שׁוֹלְמוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶשְׁלַם (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִשְׁלַם (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּשְׁלַם (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּשְׁלְמִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּשְׁלְמוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּשְׁלַמְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִשְׁלַם (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּשְׁלַם (feminine future singular third-person)
יִשְׁלְמוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּשְׁלַמְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)

(biblical) to be safe (mind, body or state)

(biblical) to be resigned to a treaty or covenant


פרה

פָּרָה (canonical)
pará (romanization)
פָּרִיתִי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
פָּרִינוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
פָּרִיתָ (masculine past second-person singular)
פָּרִית (feminine past second-person singular)
פְּרִיתֶם (masculine past plural second-person)
פְּרִיתֶן (feminine past plural second-person)
פָּרָה (masculine past singular third-person)
פָּרְתָה (feminine past singular third-person)
פָּרוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
פּוֹרֶה (masculine present singular)
פּוֹרָה (feminine present singular)
פּוֹרִים (masculine plural present)
פּוֹרוֹת (feminine plural present)
אֶפְרֶה (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נִפְרֶה (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תִּפְרֶה (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּפְרִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּפְרוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תִּפְרֶינָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יִפְרֶה (future masculine singular third-person)
תִּפְרֶה (feminine future singular third-person)
יִפְרוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תִּפְרֶינָה (feminine future plural third-person)
פְּרֵה (imperative masculine singular)
פְּרִי (feminine imperative singular)
פְּרוּ (imperative masculine plural)
פְּרֶינָה (feminine imperative plural)

Root
 פ־ר־ה (p-r-h)
Compare Arabic بقرة and its root Arabic ب ق ر (b q r), Phoenician 𐤐𐤓 (pr), Aramaic פְּרָא/Classical Syriac ܦ݁ܪܰܐ, Aramaic פּרי/Classical Syriac ܦ݁ܪܝ, Egyptian pr:r-D54 (prj, “to come forth”).

cog

(literal) to bring forth, grow fruit

(figurative) to be fruitful, multiply, increase


פרוזבול

he-noun

פְּרוֹזְבּוֹל

פְּרוֹזְבּוֹלִים

פְּרוֹזְבּוֹל • (p'rozbol) m (plural indefinite פְּרוֹזְבּוֹלִים)

פְּרוֹזְבּוֹל (canonical)
p'rozbol (romanization)
פְּרוֹזְבּוֹלִים (indefinite plural)

It has been suggested that this word is derived from Ancient Greek προσβολή (prosbolḗ). Ernest Klein suggests that פרוזבול is derived from a shortened form of the phrase πρός βουλῇ βουλευτῶν (prós boulêi bouleutôn, “before the assembly of councillors”).

(Jewish law) A document assigning one's promissory notes to a court for collection, used to evade the sabbatical year's nullification of debts.


תמוז

he-proper noun

תַּמּוּז • (tamúz) m

תַּמּוּז (canonical)
tamúz (romanization)

From Akkadian 𒌗𒋗 (ⁱᵗⁱDuʾzu/Dūzu), from Sumerian 𒌉𒍣 (DUMU.ZID, “the true son”).

חֲמִשָּׁה דְבָרִים אֵרְעוּ אֶת אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר בְּתַמּוּז וַחֲמִשָּׁה בְּתִשְׁעָה בְאָב.

Five things befell our ancestors on the seventeenth of Tammuz, and five things on the ninth of Av.

Ḥamishá d'varím er'ú et avoténu b-shiv'a 'asár b-Tammúz, va-ḥamishá b-tish'á b-Av.

(Judaism) Tammuz (the tenth month of the civil year and the fourth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Sivan and before Av)

וַיָּבֵא אֹתִי אֶל־פֶּתַח שַׁעַר בֵּית־יְהֹוָה אֲשֶׁר אֶל־הַצָּפוֹנָה וְהִנֵּה־שָׁם הַנָּשִׁים יֹשְׁבוֹת מְבַכּוֹת אֶת־הַתַּמּוּז׃

Tanach, Ezekiel [[s:he:T1208#ח_יד|8:14]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

Then He brought me to the door of the gate of the LORD’S house which was toward the north; and, behold, there sat the women weeping for Tammuz.

Va-yavé otí el pétaḥ shá'ar beit Adonái ashér el ha-tsfoná v-hinnéh sham ha-nashím yoshvót m'vakót et ha-tammúz.

Tammuz (a Sumerian god of food and vegetation)


ניסן

נִיסָן • (nisán) m

From Akkadian 𒌚𒁈 (nisannum), from Sumerian 𒉠 (nesag̃).

וַיְהִי בְּחֹדֶשׁ נִיסָן שְׁנַת עֶשְׂרִים לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא הַמֶּלֶךְ יַיִן לְפָנָיו וָאֶשָּׂא אֶת־הַיַּיִן וָאֶתְּנָה לַמֶּלֶךְ וְלֹא־הָיִיתִי רַע לְפָנָיו׃

Tanach, Nehemiah [[s:he:T35b02#ב_א|2:1]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence.

Vayhí b-ḥódesh Nisan shnat 'esrím l-Artaḥshást' ha-mélekh yáyin l'fanáv va-esá et ha-yáyin va-etná la-mélekh v-lo hayíti ra' l'fanáv.

עִבֵּר נִיסָן בְּנִיסָן, וְלֹא הוֹדוּ לוֹ:

He intercalated Nisan in Nisan, and they did not condone him.

רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר: בְּנִיסָן נִבְרָא הָעוֹלָם, בְּנִיסָן נוֹלְדוּ אָבוֹת, בְּנִיסָן מֵתוּ אָבוֹת

a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Rosh Hashanah 11a:

Rabbi Yehoshua says: In Nisan the world was created, in Nisan the patriarchs were born, in Nisan the patriarchs died.

Rabbí Yehoshúa' omér: B-Nisán nivrá ha-'olám, b-Nisán noldú avót, b-Nisán métu avót.

(Judaism) Nisan (the seventh month of the civil year and the first month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Adar and before Iyar)


בר מצווה

he-noun

בַּר מִצְוָה

בְּנֵי מִצְוָה

בַּת מִצְוָה

בר מצווה / בַּר מִצְוָה • (bar mitsvá) m (plural indefinite [בר]]_מצווה " lang="he">בני מצווה / בְּנֵי מִצְוָה, feminine counterpart בת מצווה / בַּת מִצְוָה)

בַּר מִצְוָה (canonical)
bar mitsvá (romanization)
בני מצווה (indefinite plural)
בְּנֵי מִצְוָה (indefinite plural)
בת מצווה (feminine)
בַּת מִצְוָה (feminine)

From בַּר (bar, “of the age of”, literally “son of”) and מצווה / מִצְוָה (mitzvá, “mitzvah, commandment”); hence literally “of the age of commandment”. Originally designated the man of age, then the ceremony marking that age, then the teen having said ceremony.

he-m

bar mitzvah
bar mitzvah#English:_Q28807008

(Judaism) bar mitzvah (a Jewish coming of age ceremony for boys)


מגדל

he-adj

מֻגְדָּל • (mugdál)

מֻגְדָּל (canonical)
mugdál (romanization)

מוגדל מוגדל#Hebrew


מצווה

he-noun

מצווה / מִצְוָה • (mitsvá) f (plural indefinite מִצְווֹת, singular construct מצוות / מִצְוַת־)

מִצְוָה (canonical)
mitsvá (romanization)
מִצְווֹת (indefinite plural)
מצוות (construct singular)
מִצְוַת־ (construct singular)

Root
 צ־ו־ה (ts-w-h)
Compare Arabic وَصِيَّة (waṣiyya), from a cognate root, though with the first two root letters metathesized.


אריה

he-proper noun

אַרְיֵה • (aryé) m

Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ʔarway-. Cognate with Ge'ez አርዌ (ʾärwe, “animal, beast”).

(astronomy) Leo (a constellation of the zodiac, shaped approximately like a lion and containing the stars Regulus and Denebola)

(astrology) Leo (the zodiac sign for the Lion, ruled by the Sun and covering July 23 - August 22 (tropical astrology) or August 16 - September 15 (sidereal astrology))


תמר

תָּמָר • (tamár) f

An early borrowing from Aramaic תמרא (the vocalization of which varies by lect), even Arabic تَمْر (tamr, “date”) is borrowed from it; cognate to Arabic ثَمَر (ṯamar, “fruit”).

(biblical) Tamar (a daughter-in-law of Judah)

Tamar (a daughter-in-law of Judah)
Tamar (a daughter of David)

(biblical) Tamar (a daughter of Absalom)

Tamar (a daughter-in-law of Judah)
Tamar (a daughter of Absalom)


חברותא

he-noun

חַבְרוּתָא • (khavrúta) f (plural indefinite חַבְרוּתוֹת)

חַבְרוּתָא (canonical)
khavrúta (romanization)
חַבְרוּתוֹת (indefinite plural)

→ English: chavrusa

→ Yiddish: חבֿרותא (khavruse)


בית מלון

בֵּית מָלוֹן

בֵּית מָלוֹן • (bet malón) m (plural indefinite [בֵּית]]_מָלוֹן " lang="he">בתי מלון, singular construct [בֵּית]]_מָלוֹן " lang="he">בית מלון־)

בֵּית מָלוֹן (canonical)
bet malón (romanization)
בתי מלון (indefinite plural)
בית מלון־ (construct singular)


חנות

חֲנוּת or חָנוּת • (khanút or ḥānūṯ) f (plural indefinite חנויות / חֲנֻיּוֹת, singular construct חֲנוּת־, plural construct חנויות / חֲנֻיּוֹת־)

חֲנוּת (canonical)
חָנוּת (canonical)
khanút (romanization)
ḥānūṯ (romanization)
חנויות (indefinite plural)
חֲנֻיּוֹת (indefinite plural)
חֲנוּת־ (construct singular)
חנויות (construct plural)
חֲנֻיּוֹת־ (construct plural)

Root
 ח־נ־ה (kh-n-h)
Borrowed from Aramaic חָנוּתָא (ḥānūṯā).

bor

Aramaic חָנוּתָא (ḥānūṯā)

כִּי בָא יִרְמְיָהוּ אֶל־בֵּית הַבּוֹר, וְאֶל־הַחֲנֻיּוֹת; וַיֵּשֶׁב־שָׁם יִרְמְיָהוּ, יָמִים רַבִּים.

Tanach, Jeremiah [[s:he:T1137#לז_טז|37:16]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

When Jeremiah was come into the dungeon-house, and into the cells; and Jeremiah had remained there, many days.

ki va yirməyáhu el-bēt habbór, vəel-haḥanuyyót; vayyéšev-šam yirməyáhu, yamím rabbím.


חלק

he-noun

חֵלֶק • (khélek) m (plural indefinite חֲלָקִים, singular construct חֵלֶק־, plural construct חֶלְקֵי־) [pattern: קֵטֶל]

חֵלֶק (canonical)
khélek (romanization)
חֲלָקִים (indefinite plural)
חֵלֶק־ (construct singular)
חֶלְקֵי־ (construct plural)
חֵלֶק (indefinite singular)
חֶלְקִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
חֶלְקֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַחֵלֶק (definite singular)
חֶלְקְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֶלְקֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֶלְקְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֶלְקְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֵלֶק־ (construct singular)
חֶלְקוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֶלְקָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֶלְקָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
חֶלְקָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
חֲלָקִים (indefinite plural)
חלקיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
חֲלָקַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
חֲלָקֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַחֲלָקִים (definite plural)
חֲלָקֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
חלקייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֲלָקַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
חֶלְקֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֶלְקֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
חֶלְקֵי־ (construct plural)
חֲלָקָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֲלָקֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
חֶלְקֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
חֶלְקֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

English: helek, chelek

Yiddish: חלק (kheylek)

היום והלילה ארבע ועשרים שעות בכל זמן. שתים עשרה ביום ושתים עשרה בלילה. והשעה מחולקת לאלף ושמנים חלקים

12th century, רמב"ם הלכות קידוש החודש ו ב

The day and the night are twenty four hours at all times. Twelve in the day and twelve in the night. And the hour is divided to one thousand and eighty halakim.

אין מסתבר להסביר שסטייה זו של הלוח העברי נובעת רק מהשיטה לחלק את השעה ל־1080 חלקים

2016, אביגדור אמיתי, זמן המולד הממוצע ומקורותיו במשך הדורות:

It's not reasonable to explain that this deviation of the Hebrew calendar derives only from the system that divides the hour to 1080 halakim.

הקדמונים חילקו את השעה ל־1080 "חלקים". כל "חלק" הוא אפוא 3 שניות ושליש

2007, אלון אולארצ'יק, משך הזמן ממולד הלבנה עד המולד הבא אחריו, אנציקלופדיה דעת

The ancient people divided the hour into 1080 "halakim". Every "helek" is therefore 3 seconds and one third.

(Judaism) helek (a unit of time equal to an eighteenth of a minute (3⅓ seconds))


מזל

מַזָּל • (mazál) m (plural indefinite מַזָּלוֹת)

מַזָּל (canonical)
mazál (romanization)
מַזָּלוֹת (indefinite plural)

→ Judeo-Arabic: מזל (mazzal)

→ Ladino: mazal

→ Yiddish: מזל (mazl)

⇒ English: mazel tov, schlimazel

desc

⇒ Ancient Greek: κακομάζαλος (kakomázalos)

Likely from Akkadian 𒌓𒁕 (manzaltum). Compare Aramaic מַזָּלָא (mazzālā, “constellation; luck, destiny”) (Classical Mandaic ࡌࡀࡍࡆࡀࡋࡀ (manzala, “constellation; zodiac sign”)).

cog

וְהִשְׁבִּית אֶת־הַכְּמָרִים אֲשֶׁר נָתְנוּ מַלְכֵי יְהוּדָה וַיְקַטֵּר בַּבָּמוֹת בְּעָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּמְסִבֵּי יְרוּשָׁלִָם וְאֶת־הַמְקַטְּרִים לַבַּעַל לַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְלַיָּרֵחַ וְלַמַּזָּלוֹת וּלְכֹל צְבָא הַשָּׁמָיִם׃

Tanach, 2 Kings [[s:he:T09b23#כג_ה|23:5]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to offer in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that offered unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the constellations, and to all the host of heaven.

v'hishbít et-hak'marím ashér nat'nú mal'khé y'hudá vay'katér babamót b'aré y'hudá um'sibé y'rushaláyim v'et ham'kat'rím labá'al lashémesh v'layaréakh v'lamazalót ul'khól ts'vá hashamáyim.
wəhišbīṯ ʾeṯ-hakkəmārīm ʾăšer nāṯənū maləḵē yəhūḏā wayəqaṭṭēr babbāmōṯ bəʿārē yəhūḏā ūməsibbē yərūšālā́yim wəʾeṯ haməqaṭṭərīm labbáʿal laššémeš wəlayyārḗaḥ wəlammazzālōṯ ūləḵōl ṣəḇā haššāmā́yim.

(historical, astrology) planet: any of the seven major celestial bodies that move relative to the stars in the night sky; that is, the Sun, Venus, Mercury, the Moon, Saturn, Jupiter, or Mars

astrological sign
astrological sign#English:_Q1795024

(astrology) astrological sign (any of twelve signs, corresponding to constellations, that are used as the basis of astrology)


בהמ״ז

ברכת המזון
ברכת המזון#Hebrew

(Judaism) Abbreviation of ברכת המזון (birkát-hamazón).


לה״ו

Abbreviation of ליהוה הארץ ומלואה from Psalms 24:1.

abbrev

ליהוה הארץ ומלואה

Abbreviation of ליהוה הארץ ומלואה

(Judaism) The universe and all in it is God’s.


עש״ק

Abbreviation of עֶרֶב שַׁבַּת קֹדֶשׁ

עֶרֶב שַׁבַּת קֹדֶשׁ

Abbreviation of עֶרֶב שַׁבַּת קֹדֶשׁ


יב״ל

Abbreviation of יבדל לחיים (“literally, may he be separated for life”).

(Judaism) Attached to the mention of a live person, when it is near mention of a dead person, to distinguish between the living and the dead.


אינסוף

he-noun

אֵינְסוֹף • (ensóf) m

אֵינְסוֹף (canonical)
ensóf (romanization)

From אֵין (en, negative particle) + סוֹף (sof, “end”).

affix

(philosophy, theology) Infinity, the infinite.


חליל

he-noun

חָלִיל • (khalíl) m (plural indefinite חֲלִילִים, singular construct חֲלִיל־) [pattern: קָטִיל]

חָלִיל (canonical)
khalíl (romanization)
חֲלִילִים (indefinite plural)
חֲלִיל־ (construct singular)

(music) pipe (a wind instrument consisting of a tube, often lined with holes to allow for adjustment in pitch, sounded by blowing into the tube)


ישיבה

יְשִׁיבָה • (yeshivá) f (plural indefinite יְשִׁיבוֹת, singular construct יְשִׁיבַת־, plural construct יְשִׁיבוֹת־) [pattern: קְטִילָה]

יְשִׁיבָה (canonical)
yeshivá (romanization)
יְשִׁיבוֹת (indefinite plural)
יְשִׁיבַת־ (construct singular)
יְשִׁיבוֹת־ (construct plural)


שבועות

he-proper noun

שָׁבוּעוֹת • (shavu'ót) m

שָׁבוּעוֹת (canonical)
shavu'ót (romanization)


גט

he-noun

גֵּט • (gēṭ) m (plural indefinite גיטים / גִּטִּים or גיטין / גִּטִּין, singular construct גֵּט־) [pattern: קֵטֶל]

גֵּט (canonical)
gēṭ (romanization)
גיטים (indefinite plural)
גִּטִּים (indefinite plural)
גיטין (indefinite plural)
גִּטִּין (indefinite plural)
גֵּט־ (construct singular)

→ English: get

Probably from Akkadian 𒁍𒁕 (gídda /giṭṭu/, “document or deed written on parchment”), from Sumerian 𒁍𒁕 (gid₂-da, “length”), from Sumerian 𒁍 (gid₂, “to drag, to draw up a document”). Compare Classical Syriac ܓܛܐ (geṭṭā, “will, testament, document”), in other Aramaic dialects, a narrowed sense of "writ of divorce" is attested.

cog

(Jewish law) a get, a document effecting the divorce of a wife from her husband


אדוני

he-proper noun

אֲדוֹנָי / אֲדֹנָי • (adonáy, ăḏônāy) m

אֲדוֹנָי (canonical)
אֲדֹנָי (canonical)
adonáy (romanization)
ăḏônāy (romanization)

/ʔă.ðoːˈnɔːj/

[ʔæ.ðøːˈnɔːj]

אֲדֹנֵי־ (adoné, ăḏōnê, “lords”) + ־י (-i, “my”)


אלוה

he-noun

אֱלוֹהַּ / אֱלֹהַּ • (elóah) m (plural indefinite אֱלוֹהִים / אֱלֹהִים, singular construct אֱלוֹהַּ / אֱלֹהַּ־, plural construct אֱלוֹהֵי / אֱלֹהֵי־)

אֱלוֹהַּ (canonical)
אֱלֹהַּ (canonical)
elóah (romanization)
אֱלוֹהִים (indefinite plural)
אֱלֹהִים (indefinite plural)
אֱלוֹהַּ (construct singular)
אֱלֹהַּ־ (construct singular)
אֱלוֹהֵי (construct plural)
אֱלֹהֵי־ (construct plural)
אֱלוֹהַּ (indefinite singular)
אֱלוֹהִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
אֱלוֹהֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָאֱלוֹהַּ (definite singular)
אֱלוֹהֲךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֱלוֹהֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֱלוֹהֲכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֱלוֹהֲכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֱלוֹהַּ־ (construct singular)
אֱלוֹהוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֱלוֹהָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֱלוֹהָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
אֱלוֹהָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
אֱלוֹהִים (indefinite plural)
אלוהיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
אֱלוֹהַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
אֱלוֹהֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָאֱלוֹהִים (definite plural)
אֱלוֹהֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
אלוהייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֱלוֹהַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֱלוֹהֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֱלוֹהֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֱלוֹהֵי־ (construct plural)
אֱלוֹהָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֱלוֹהֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֱלוֹהֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
אֱלוֹהֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Proto-Northwest-Semitic *ʾlh, a form of Proto-Semitic *ʾil-, whence also אֵל. Cognate with Akkadian 𒀭 (ilum), Arabic إِلَه (ʔilah) and اللّٰه (allāh), Aramaic אֱלָהָא (ʾĕlāhā) and איל, Phoenician 𐤀𐤋𐤌 (ʾlm), and Ugaritic 𐎛𐎍 (ỉl /ʾilu/).

cog

Aramaic אֱלָהָא (ʾĕlāhā)


משפט

he-noun

מִשְׁפָּטִים

מִשְׁפָּט • (mishpát) m (plural indefinite מִשְׁפָּטִים, singular construct מִשְׁפַּט־) [pattern: מִקְטָל]

מִשְׁפָּט (canonical)
mishpát (romanization)
מִשְׁפָּטִים (indefinite plural)
מִשְׁפַּט־ (construct singular)

וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּט אֲשֶׁר שָׁפַט הַמֶּלֶךְ […]
vayishm'ú kol-yisra'él et-hamisphát ashér shafát hamélekh […]

And all Israel heard of the judgment which the king had judged; […]

(biblical) A judgment, verdict, ruling: the ruling of a court.

[…] וְשָׁמְרוּ דֶּרֶךְ ה׳ לַעֲשׂוֹת צְדָקָה וּמִשְׁפָּט […]
[…] v'shamrú dérekh H. la'asót tz'daká umishpát […]

[…] and they shall keep the way of the LORD, to do justice and judgment; […]

(biblical) Justice, righteousness, just and righteous action.


גורד שחקים

גּוֹרֵד־שְׁחָקִים

גּוֹרֵד־שְׁחָקִים • (goréd-šḥaqím) m

גּוֹרֵד ־שְׁחָקִים (canonical)
goréd-šḥaqím (romanization)

From גּוֹרֵד (goréd, “scratcher of”) + שְׁחָקִים (šḥaqím, “sky”); a calque of English skyscraper.

he:גורד שחקים


חג׳

חַג׳ • (kháj) m (plural indefinite חַגִּ׳ים)

חַג׳ (canonical)
kháj (romanization)
חַגִּ׳ים (indefinite plural)

From Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj). Cognate with native חַג (khág).

כתובות וציורי קיר איסלאמיים מסורתיים (ציורי חאג׳), המצוירים סביב פתח הכניסה הראשית, מבטיחים קבלת פנים ססגונית לבני הבית החוזרים מהחאג׳, העלליה־לרגל למכה.

1996, David Kroyanker, ירושלים: שכונות ובתים : תקופות וסיגנונות [Jerusalem: Neighborhoods and Houses : Periods and Styles], page 100:

Traditional Islamic verses and wall paintings (paintings of the hajj), painted around the opening of the front entrance, promise a colorful greeting to members of the household returning from the hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca.

העלייה לרגל השנתית למכה על ידי מוסלמים – החאג׳ – היתה אמורה להתחיל ב-15 בחודש, וההתקפה האווירית, שתוכננה להימשך שבוע שלם, היתה חייבת להסתיים לפני תחילת החאג׳.

2000, Scott Ritter (original), translated by Barry Davis, סוף המשחק [End Game], page 19:

The yearly pilgrimage to Mecca by the Muslims – the hajj – was supposed to begin on the 15th of the month, and the aerial offensive, that was planned to last a full week, had to end before the beginning of the hajj.

כשסיים את עבודתו שם, החלה עונת החאג׳, שבה מאות אלפי מוסלמים אדוקים עולים לרגל למכה.

2008, Deborah Rodriguez (original), translated by Karmit Guy, בית־הספר ליופי של קאבול [Kabul Beauty School], page 138:

When he finished his work there, the season of the hajj began, during which hundreds of thousands of pious Muslims make a pilgrimage to Mecca.

(Islam) hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca made by pious Muslims; one of the five pillars of Islam)


מחבר

מִחְבָּר • (mikhbár) m [pattern: מִקְטָל]

מִחְבָּר (canonical)
mikhbár (romanization)


פרץ

פֶּרֶץ (canonical)
pérets (romanization)

Root
 פ־ר־ץ (p-r-ts)
From the same root as Etymology 1, in the קֶטֶל (qéṭel) pattern.

he-l

קֶטֶל (qéṭel)

he-pattern-link

קֶטֶל (qéṭel)

(biblical) Perez (the father of Hezron and the son of Judah; the grandson of Jacob)


קרבן

he-noun

קורבן / קָרְבָּן • (korbán) m (plural indefinite קורבנות / קָרְבָּנוֹת, singular construct קורבן / קָרְבַּן־, plural construct קורבנות / קָרְבָּנוֹת־)

קורבן (canonical)
קָרְבָּן (canonical)
korbán (romanization)
קורבנות (indefinite plural)
קָרְבָּנוֹת (indefinite plural)
קורבן (construct singular)
קָרְבַּן־ (construct singular)
קורבנות (construct plural)
קָרְבָּנוֹת־ (construct plural)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: κορβᾶν (korbân)
→ English: corban
→ Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 (kaurban)
→ Old Armenian: կորբան (korban)

From Proto-Semitic [Term?]. Compare Arabic قُرْبَان (qurbān).

(chiefly Judaism) a ritual sacrifice, as of an animal


תנשמת

he-noun

תִּנְשָׁמוֹת

תִּנְשֶׁמֶת • (tinshémet) f (plural indefinite תִּנְשָׁמוֹת)

תִּנְשֶׁמֶת (canonical)
tinshémet (romanization)
תִּנְשָׁמוֹת (indefinite plural)

וְזֶה לָכֶם הַטָּמֵא בַּשֶּׁרֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵץ עַל-הָאָרֶץ הַחֹלֶד וְהָעַכְבָּר וְהַצָּב לְמִינֵהוּ : וְהָאֲנָקָה וְהַכֹּחַ וְהַלְּטָאָה וְהַחֹמֶט וְהַתִּנְשָׁמֶת

Tanach, [[s:he:T0311#|11:29-30]], with translation of the New International Version:

Of the animals that move along the ground, these are unclean for you: the weasel, the rat, any kind of great lizard. The gecko, the monitor lizard, the wall lizard, the skink and the chameleon.

vəzé lachém hatamé bashéretz hashorétz 'al haáretz haḥóled vəha'achbár vəhatzáv ləminéhu : vəhaanaqá vəhakóaḥ vəhalətaá vəhaḥómet vəhatinshémet

(biblical) one of the eight unclean animals, whose identity is unknown. Probably the chameleon.


חנות ספרים

חֲנוּת סְפָרִים

חנויות ספרים

חֲנֻיּוֹת סְפָרִים

חֲנוּת סְפָרִים • (khanút sfarím) f (plural indefinite [חֲנוּת]]_סְפָרִים " lang="he">חנויות ספרים / חֲנֻיּוֹת סְפָרִים)

חֲנוּת סְפָרִים (canonical)
khanút sfarím (romanization)
חנויות ספרים (indefinite plural)
חֲנֻיּוֹת סְפָרִים (indefinite plural)


גיד הנשה

גִּיד הַנָּשֶׁה

גִּיד הַנָּשֶׁה • (gid hanashe) m

גִּיד הַנָּשֶׁה (canonical)
gid hanashe (romanization)

(Judaism) A particular body part, mentioned in the Bible, of uncertain translation; it is taken in halacha to refer to the ischiatic nerve.


במה

בָּמָה • (bamá) f (plural indefinite בָּמוֹת, singular construct בָּמַת־, plural construct בָּמוֹת־)

בָּמָה (canonical)
bamá (romanization)
בָּמוֹת (indefinite plural)
בָּמַת־ (construct singular)
בָּמוֹת־ (construct plural)

(biblical) sacrificial altar built in such a high place

(theater) stage (a platform; a surface, generally elevated, upon which show performances or other public events are given)


דיר

דִּיר • (dir) m (singular construct דִּיר־)

דִּיר (canonical)
dir (romanization)
דִּיר־ (construct singular)

pen (an enclosure (enclosed area) used to contain domesticated animals, especially sheep or cattle)


רקדן

רַקְדָן • (rakdán) m (plural indefinite רַקְדָנִים, singular construct רַקְדַּן־, plural construct רַקְדָנֵי־, feminine counterpart רַקְדָנִית)

רַקְדָן (canonical)
rakdán (romanization)
רַקְדָנִים (indefinite plural)
רַקְדַּן־ (construct singular)
רַקְדָנֵי־ (construct plural)
רַקְדָנִית (feminine)


(biblical) A particular cantillation mark: where it appears, it follows a word that has what is normally a conjunctive mark and makes it disjunctive.


שר

שַׂר • (sár) m (plural indefinite שָׂרִים, singular construct שַׂר־, feminine counterpart שָׂרָה) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

שַׂר (canonical)
sár (romanization)
שָׂרִים (indefinite plural)
שַׂר־ (construct singular)
שָׂרָה (feminine)

Root
 שׂ־ר־ר (s-r-r)
Cognate with Akkadian 𒈗 (šarrum)


גר

גֵּר • (gér) m (plural indefinite גֵּרִים, feminine counterpart גיורת / גִּיֹּרֶת or גֵּרָה)

גֵּר (canonical)
gér (romanization)
גֵּרִים (indefinite plural)
גיורת (feminine)
גִּיֹּרֶת (feminine)
גֵּרָה (feminine)
גֵּר (indefinite masculine singular)
גֵּרִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
גֵּרֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַגֵּר (definite masculine singular)
גֵּרְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
גֵּרֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
גֵּרְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
גֵּרְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
גֵּר־ (construct masculine singular)
גֵּרוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
גֵּרָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
גֵּרָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
גֵּרָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
גֵּרִים (indefinite masculine plural)
גריי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
גֵּרַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
גֵּרֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַגֵּרִים (definite masculine plural)
גֵּרֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
גרייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
גֵּרַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
גֵּרֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
גֵּרֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
גֵּרֵי־ (construct masculine plural)
גֵּרָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
גֵּרֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
גֵּרֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
גֵּרֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
גִּיֹּרֶת (feminine indefinite singular)
גִּיֹּרֶתִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
גִּיֹּרֶתֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַגִּיֹּרֶת (definite feminine singular)
גִּיוֹרְתְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
גִּיֹּרֶתֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
גִּיוֹרְתְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
גִּיוֹרְתְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
גִּיֹּרֶת־ (construct feminine singular)
גִּיֹּרֶתוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
גִּיֹּרֶתָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
גִּיֹּרֶתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
גִּיֹּרֶתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
גִּיּוֹרוֹת (feminine indefinite plural)
גיורותיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַגִּיּוֹרוֹת (definite feminine plural)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
גיורותייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
גִּיּוֹרוֹת־ (construct feminine plural)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
גִּיּוֹרוֹתָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

he-decl

גִּיוֹרְתְךָ

→ Yiddish: גר (ger)

Root
 ג־ו־ר (g-w-r)
The noun is derived from the verb and not from the root ג־י־ר (g-y-r), which is of Aramaic origin.

גֵּר שֶׁנִּתְגַּיֵּר בְּעֶרֶב פֶּסַח, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, טוֹבֵל וְאוֹכֵל אֶת פִּסְחוֹ לָעֶרֶב. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, הַפּוֹרֵשׁ מִן הָעָרְלָה כְּפוֹרֵשׁ מִן הַקֶּבֶר:

A convert who converted on the day before the Pesaḥ offering, the house of Shammai says, he bathes and eats his Pesaḥ offering that evening. And the house of Hillel says, one who has just separated from the foreskin is like one who has just separated from the grave.

Ger she-nitgayyér b-'érev Pésaḥ, beit Shammái omrím, ṭovél v-okhél et pisḥó la-árev. U-veit Hillél omrím, ha-porésh min ha-'orlá k-porésh min ha-kéver.

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן גֵּר שֶׁבָּא לְהִתְגַּיֵּר בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה אוֹמְרִים לוֹ מָה רָאִיתָ שֶׁבָּאתָ לְהִתְגַּיֵּר

a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Yevamot 47a:

The rabbis taught: A proselyte who comes to convert in this era, they say to him, what do you see that you want to convert?

Tanú rabanán: Ger she-ba l'hitgayér ba-zman ha-zeh, omrím lo: ma ra'íta she-báta l'hitgayér?


מצלמת אינטרנט

he-noun

מַצְלֵמַת־אִינְטֶרְנֶט

מַצְלֵמוֹת־אִינְטֶרְנֶט

מצלמות איטרנט

מַצְלֵמַת־אִינְטֶרְנֶט • (matzlemát-ínternet) f (plural indefinite [מצלמה|מַצְלֵמַת]]־אִינְטֶרְנֶט " lang="he">מַצְלֵמוֹת־אִינְטֶרְנֶט)

מַצְלֵמַת ־אִינְטֶרְנֶט (canonical)
matzlemát-ínternet (romanization)
מַצְלֵמוֹת־אִינְטֶרְנֶט (indefinite plural)

From מצלמת (“Singular construct of מצלמה”, literally “camera-of”) + אינטרנט (“Internet”).


גופיה

גּוּפִיָּה • (gufiyá) f (singular construct גִּוּפִיַּת־)

גּוּפִיָּה (canonical)
gufiyá (romanization)
גִּוּפִיַּת־ (construct singular)


פלפול

פִּלְפּוּלִם

פִּלְפּוּל • (pilpúl) m (plural indefinite פִּלְפּוּלִם, singular construct פִּלְפּוּל־) [pattern: קִטּוּל]

פִּלְפּוּל (canonical)
pilpúl (romanization)
פִּלְפּוּלִם (indefinite plural)
פִּלְפּוּל־ (construct singular)

Root
 פ־ל־פ־ל (p-l-p-l)
Action noun of פלפל (pilpél), from the root פ־ל־פ־ל (p-l-p-l).

(Judaism) Penetrating investigation, disputation, and drawing of conclusions, especially in Talmudic study.


מלכת אסתר

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מַלְכַּת אֶסְתֵּר

מַלְכַּת אֶסְתֵּר • (malkát 'estér)

מַלְכַּת אֶסְתֵּר (canonical)
malkát 'estér (romanization)


מאפיה

he-noun

מַאֲפִיָּה • (maafiyá) f (plural indefinite מַאֲפִיּוֹת, singular construct מַאֲפִיַּת־, plural construct מַאֲפִיּוֹת־)

מַאֲפִיָּה (canonical)
maafiyá (romanization)
מַאֲפִיּוֹת (indefinite plural)
מַאֲפִיַּת־ (construct singular)
מַאֲפִיּוֹת־ (construct plural)


מחסן

מַחְסָן • (makhsán) m (plural indefinite מַחְסָנִים, singular construct מַחְסַן־, plural construct מחסני־) [pattern: מִקְטָל]

מַחְסָן (canonical)
makhsán (romanization)
מַחְסָנִים (indefinite plural)
מַחְסַן־ (construct singular)
מחסני־ (construct plural)


כנסייה

כְּנְסִיּוֹת

כנסייה / כְּנֵסִיָּה • (knesiá) f (plural indefinite כנסייות / כְּנְסִיּוֹת, singular construct כנסיית / כְּנְסִיַת־)

כְּנֵסִיָּה (canonical)
knesiá (romanization)
כנסייות (indefinite plural)
כְּנְסִיּוֹת (indefinite plural)
כנסיית (construct singular)
כְּנְסִיַת־ (construct singular)

Root
 כ־נ־ס (k-n-s)
From the root כ־נ־ס (k-n-s).
Compare Arabic كنيسة.

2009 March 11, "כנסייה מהתקופה הביזנטית התגלתה ליד נס הרים" (online news article: k'nesiá mehat'kufá habizántit hitgaltá l'yád nes harím, "A church from the Byzantine period was discovered next to Nes Harim"), Haaretz.

(countable, Christianity) church (a Christian house of worship; a building where Christian religious services take place)


מוזיקה

מוּזִיקָה • (múzika) f (plural indefinite מוזיקות, singular construct מוּזִיקַת־)

מוּזִיקָה (canonical)
múzika (romanization)
מוזיקות (indefinite plural)
מוּזִיקַת־ (construct singular)

Word used since the Medieval era; Ultimately from Ancient Greek μουσική (mousikḗ). Compare Arabic موسيقى.

cog

Arabic موسيقى

music (an art form, created by organizing pitch, rhythm, and sounds made using musical instruments and/or singing)


גנוסיס

he-proper noun

גְּנוֹסִיס • (gnosis)

גְּנוֹסִיס (canonical)
gnosis (romanization)


פסח

פֶּסַח • (pésakh) m (plural indefinite פְּסָחִים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

פֶּסַח (canonical)
pésakh (romanization)
פְּסָחִים (indefinite plural)

→ Aramaic: פסחא (paskha)

→ Ancient Greek: πάσχα (páskha) (see there for further descendants)

→ Yiddish: פּסח (peysekh)

Compare Akkadian [script needed] (passahu, “soothe, make soft”) and Arabic فَسَخَ (fasaḵa, “to annull”)

cog

ערבי פסחים […] לא יאכל אדם עד שתחשך

Passover eves […] a man shall not eat until it darkens

איסור אכילת חמץ בפסח נאמר אף בחמץ של גוי.

1980, "חמץ", in, שלמה יוסף זֶוין/Shlomo Josef Zevin, editor, אנציקלופדיה תלמודית/Talmudic Encyclopedia, volume 16, 1994 sixth edition, page 71

The prohibition on eating chametz on Passover was stated even about the chametz of a gentile.

(singular only, rarely countable) Passover (Jewish feast / festival / holiday)


עורלה

he-noun

עורלה / עָרְלָה • (orlá) f (plural indefinite עורלות, singular construct עורלת / עָרְלַת־, plural construct עורלות־)

עָרְלָה (canonical)
orlá (romanization)
עורלות (indefinite plural)
עורלת (construct singular)
עָרְלַת־ (construct singular)
עורלות־ (construct plural)

→ Yiddish: ערלה (orle)

(uncountable, Judaism) fruit that grows within three years of the transplanting of its tree


ארמון

אַרְמוֹן • (armón) m (plural indefinite אַרְמוֹנוֹת)

אַרְמוֹן (canonical)
armón (romanization)
אַרְמוֹנוֹת (indefinite plural)

עַרְמוֹן (ʿarmón)

אֱלֹהִים בְּאַרְמְנוֹתֶיהָ נוֹדַע לְמִשְׂגָּב׃

Tanach, Psalms [[s:he:T2648#מח_ד|48:4]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

God in her palaces Hath made Himself known for a stronghold.

רֹנִּי רֹנִּי הַשִּׁיטָה הִתְנוֹפְפִי בְּרֹב הֲדָרֵךְ הַמְחֻשֶּׁקֶת בְּרִקְמֵי זָהָב הַמְהֻלָּלָה בִּדְבִיר אַרְמוֹן וּמְפֹאָרָה בַּעֲדִי עֲדָיִים

a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Avodah Zarah 24b:

Sing out, sing out, acacia! Wave about in your great splendor, tied up with golden embroidery, praised in the sanctum of the palace, and glorious in adorned adornments.

róni róni hashitá hitnof'fí b'rov hadárekh ham'khushéket b'rikmé zaháv ham'hulalá bidvír armón um'fo'ará ba'adí adayím

palace (official residence of a head of state or other dignitary, especially in a monarchical or imperial governmental system)


לחם משנה

לֶחֶם מִשְׁנֶה

לֶחֶם מִשְׁנֶה • (lékhem mishné) m (no construct forms)

לֶחֶם מִשְׁנֶה (canonical)
lékhem mishné (romanization)

(Judaism) The two loaves of bread, collectively, used at a Sabbath or holiday meal.


פת פלטר

פת פלטר • (transliteration needed) ? (no plural forms, no construct forms)

(Judaism) Bread or similar baked goods baked by a non-Jewish, professional baker.


כלי שני

כְּלִי שֵׁנִי

כְּלִי שֵׁנִי • (k'lí sheiní) m (no construct forms)

כְּלִי שֵׁנִי (canonical)
k'lí sheiní (romanization)

(Jewish law) A dish, pot, or the like to which food was transferred after being heated.


כלי שלישי

כְּלִי שְׁלִישִׁי

כְּלִי שְׁלִישִׁי • (k'lí sh'lishí) m (no construct forms)

כְּלִי שְׁלִישִׁי (canonical)
k'lí sh'lishí (romanization)

(Jewish law) A dish, pot, or the like to which food was transferred from another receptacle, to which it had been transferred after being heated.


חתיכה נעשית נבילה

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חתיכה נעשית נבילה / חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה • (khatikhá na'aséit n'veilá)

he-phrase

חתיכה נעשית נבילה

חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה

חֲתִיכָה נַעֲשֵׂית נְבֵלָה (canonical)
khatikhá na'aséit n'veilá (romanization)

(Jewish law) The food (under discussion) becomes considered intrinsically non-kosher.


כלי ראשון

he-noun

כְּלִי רִאשׁוֹן

כְּלִי רִאשׁוֹן • (k'lí rishón) m (no construct forms)

כְּלִי רִאשׁוֹן (canonical)
k'lí rishón (romanization)

(Jewish law) A dish, pot, or the like in which food was heated.


כולל

he:כולל אברכים

כּוֹלֵל • (kólel) m

כּוֹלֵל (canonical)
kólel (romanization)

→ English: kollel


חלב ישראל

חלב ישראל • (chaláv yisraél) m (no plural forms, no construct forms)

(Jewish law) Milk milked with a Jew present.


מעות חטים

מְעוֹת חִטִּים

מְעוֹת חִטִּים • (ma'ot ħitim) f pl

מְעוֹת חִטִּים (canonical)
ma'ot ħitim (romanization)

(Jewish law) Money collected prior to Passover and distributed to the poor for Passover necessities.


גוי

גּוֹי • (goi) m (plural indefinite גּוֹיִים / גּוֹיִם, singular construct גּוֹי־, feminine counterpart גּוֹיָה)

גּוֹי (canonical)
goi (romanization)
גּוֹיִים (indefinite plural)
גּוֹיִם (indefinite plural)
גּוֹי־ (construct singular)
גּוֹיָה (feminine)

→ Georgian: გოიმი (goimi)

→ Latin: gentilis (semantic loan)

Bourguignon: janti

English: gentile

French: gentil

Italian: gentile

Portuguese: gentio

Spanish: gentil

desctree

→ Yiddish: גוי (goy)
→ Dutch: goj
→ English: Goy, goy
→ Esperanto: gojo
→ Russian: гой (goj)
→ Polish: goj
→ Spanish: goy

Uncertain, possibly related to גֵּו (gév, “body, torso”), i.e. an ”ethnic body”.
Hans Bauer instead suggests a qatl- derivation from גָּאָה (gaʼá, “to rise”), as in Arabic قَوْم (qawm, “nation”) from قَامَ (qāma) and جَيْش (jayš, “troop”) from جَاشَ (jāša).
The semantic shift to "member of another nation" had already begun in antiquity, appearing in extrabiblical sources such as the Damascus Document, and is the likely source of analogous terms like Latin gentilis and English gentile.

אל ישבית איש במקום קרוב לגויים בשבת

c. 30 BCE, “11.14–15”, in Damascus Covenant:

A man may not stay in a place close to goyim on Shabbat.

אין משכירין כלים לגוי בערב שבת וברביעי ובחמישי מותר

Tools may not be lent to a goy on Erev Shabbat, Wednesday or Thursday.

וְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמָר גּוֹי סְתָם, הֲרֵי זֶה עוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה.

c. 1180, Maimonides, “Hilchot Ma'achalot Assurot 11:8”, in Mishneh Torah:

And wherever we simply say "goy," this means an idolator.

צריך לברך בכל יום שלא עשני גוי שלא עשני עבד שלא עשני אשה

1563, Joseph Karo, “Orach Chayim 46.4”, in Shulchan Aruch:

It is necessary to bless every day: who didn't make me a goy, who didn't make me a slave, who didn't make me a woman.

(from Late Ancient Hebrew, Judaism) gentile (a non-Jewish person), goy


שף

שָׁף (canonical)
sháf (romanization)
שַׁפְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
שַׁפְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
שַׁפְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
שַׁפְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
שַׁפְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
שַׁפְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
שָׁף (masculine past singular third-person)
שָׁפָה (feminine past singular third-person)
שָׁפוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
שָׁף (masculine present singular)
שָׁפָה (feminine present singular)
שָׁפִים (masculine plural present)
שָׁפוֹת (feminine plural present)
אָשׁוּף (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נָשׁוּף (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תָּשׁוּף (future masculine second-person singular)
תָּשׁוּפִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תָּשׁוּפוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תשופנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תָּשֹׁפְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יָשׁוּף (future masculine singular third-person)
תָּשׁוּף (feminine future singular third-person)
יָשׁוּפוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תשופנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תָּשֹׁפְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
שׁוּף (imperative masculine singular)
שׁוּפִי (feminine imperative singular)
שׁוּפוּ (imperative masculine plural)
שופנה (feminine imperative plural)
שֹׁפְנָה (feminine imperative plural)


מצה שרויה

he-noun

מַצָּה שְׁרוּיָה

מַצָּה שְׁרוּיָה • (matsá sh'ruyá) f (no plural forms, no construct forms)

מַצָּה שְׁרוּיָה (canonical)
matsá sh'ruyá (romanization)

(Judaism) Matzah that has become wet after being baked.


בשר בחלב

בָּשָׂר בְּחָלָב

בָּשָׂר בְּחָלָב • (basár b'chaláv) m (no plural forms, no construct forms)

בָּשָׂר בְּ חָלָב (canonical)
basár b'chaláv (romanization)

(Jewish law, uncountable) A substance containing meat-based ingredients and also milk-based ones.