אלון

he-proper noun

אַלּוֹן • (alón) m

Root
 א־ל־ל (ʾ-l-l)
Cognate with Akkadian 𒀠𒆷𒀭 (ʾallānu, alyānu, “oak; acorn”), Aramaic אִילָנָא (ʾīlānā, “tree”), Classical Syriac ܐܺܝܠܳܢܳܐ (ʾīlānā, “tree”). Doublet of אִילָן (ʾīlān, ilán, “tree”) which is borrowed from Aramaic. Borrowed into Semitic from Sumerian 𒄑𒀠𒆷𒈝 (allanum, “oak; acorn, acorn-shaped”). Compare also אֵלָה (ʾelā, “terebinth”) and the plurale tantum אֵילִים (ēlīm, “mighty tree”).


ראש

he-noun

רֹאשׁ • (rosh) m (plural indefinite רָאשִׁים, singular construct רֹאשׁ־, plural construct רָאשֵׁי־, feminine counterpart ראשה) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

רֹאשׁ (canonical)
rosh (romanization)
רָאשִׁים (indefinite plural)
רֹאשׁ־ (construct singular)
רָאשֵׁי־ (construct plural)
ראשה (feminine)
רֹאשׁ (indefinite singular)
רֹאשִׁי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
רֹאשֵׁנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָרֹאשׁ (definite singular)
רֹאשְׁךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
רֹאשֵׁךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
רֹאשְׁכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
רֹאשְׁכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
רֹאשׁ־ (construct singular)
רֹאשׁוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
רֹאשָׁהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
רֹאשָׁם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
רֹאשָׁן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
רָאשִׁים (indefinite plural)
ראשיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
רָאשַׁי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
רָאשֵׁינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָרָאשִׁים (definite plural)
רָאשֶׁיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
ראשייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
רָאשַׁיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
רָאשֵׁיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
רָאשֵׁיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
רָאשֵׁי־ (construct plural)
רָאשָׁיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
רָאשֶׁיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
רָאשֵׁיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
רָאשֵׁיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

From Proto-Semitic *raʔš-. Cognate with Akkadian 𒊕 (rēšum) and Arabic رَأْس (raʔs).

רֹאשׁ עִירִיָּה

rōš ʿīriyyā́

The more succulent, aroma-rich part of a plant, brush or tree bark. http://bibleglot.com/quote/Song.4.14/


אלה

אֵלָה • (elá) f

Root
 א־ל־ל (ʾ-l-l)
Compare אֵלֹון (elōn, “great tree”), אַלּוֹן (allōn, “great tree; oak”), and the plurale tantum אֵילִים (ēlīm, “mighty tree”).

A terebinth, a tree of the genus Pistacia.


תפוח

תַּפּוּחַ • (tapúakh) m (plural indefinite תַּפּוּחִים, singular construct תַּפּוּחַ־)

תַּפּוּחַ (canonical)
tapúakh (romanization)
תַּפּוּחִים (indefinite plural)
תַּפּוּחַ־ (construct singular)
תַּפּוּחַ (indefinite singular)
תַּפּוּחִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
תַּפּוּחֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַתַּפּוּחַ (definite singular)
תַּפּוּחֲךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
תַּפּוּחֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
תַּפּוּחֲכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
תַּפּוּחֲכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
תַּפּוּחַ־ (construct singular)
תַּפּוּחוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
תַּפּוּחָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
תַּפּוּחָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
תַּפּוּחָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
תַּפּוּחִים (indefinite plural)
תפוחיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
תַּפּוּחַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
תַּפּוּחֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַתַּפּוּחִים (definite plural)
תַּפּוּחֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
תפוחייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
תַּפּוּחַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
תַּפּוּחֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
תַּפּוּחֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
תַּפּוּחֵי־ (construct plural)
תַּפּוּחָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
תַּפּוּחֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
תַּפּוּחֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
תַּפּוּחֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Root
 ת־פ־ח (t-p-kh)
Related to Arabic تُفَّاح (tuffāḥ) and Ugaritic 𐎚𐎔𐎈 (tpḥ); the word is not attested in Aramaic. Sometimes claimed to be from the roots נ־פ־ח (n-p-ḥ, “to scent”) or ת־פ־ח (t-p-ḥ, “be round”).


אבוקדו

אָבוֹקָדוֹאִים

אָבוֹקָדוֹ • (avokádo) m (plural indefinite אָבוֹקָדוֹאִים or אָבוֹקָדוֹת)

אָבוֹקָדוֹ (canonical)
avokádo (romanization)
אָבוֹקָדוֹאִים (indefinite plural)
אָבוֹקָדוֹת (indefinite plural)

Ultimately from Classical Nahuatl ahuacatl.

Persea americana
Persea americana#Translingual

avocado (the large, usually yellowish-green or black, savory fruit of the avocado tree)

avocado (the avocado tree, Persea americana, of the laurel family)


מנגו

מַנְגּוֹ • (mangó) m

מַנְגּוֹ (canonical)
mangó (romanization)

Borrowed from English mango, ultimately from Portuguese manga, from Malay mangga, from Tamil மாங்காய் (māṅkāy) from மா (mā, “mango species”) + காய் (kāy, “unripe fruit”).

der

Tamil மாங்காய் (māṅkāy)


שזיף

he-noun

שְׁזִיף • (sh'zíf) m (plural indefinite שְׁזִיפִים, plural construct שְׁזִיפֵי־) [pattern: קְטִיל]

שְׁזִיף (canonical)
sh'zíf (romanization)
שְׁזִיפִים (indefinite plural)
שְׁזִיפֵי־ (construct plural)
שְׁזִיף (indefinite singular)
שְׁזִיפִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
שְׁזִיפֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַשְּׁזִיף (definite singular)
שְׁזִיפְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
שְׁזִיפֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
שְׁזִיפְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
שְׁזִיפְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
שְׁזִיף־ (construct singular)
שְׁזִיפוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
שְׁזִיפָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
שְׁזִיפָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
שְׁזִיפָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
שְׁזִיפִים (indefinite plural)
שזיפיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
שְׁזִיפַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
שְׁזִיפֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַשְּׁזִיפִים (definite plural)
שְׁזִיפֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
שזיפייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
שְׁזִיפַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
שְׁזִיפֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
שְׁזִיפֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
שְׁזִיפֵי־ (construct plural)
שְׁזִיפָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
שְׁזִיפֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
שְׁזִיפֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
שְׁזִיפֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Root
 שׁ־ז־ף (sh-z-p)
Unknown. Perhaps related to שָׁזוּף (shazúf, “tanned, sunburnt”) because of the appearance of the fruit.


חילבה

חילבה / חִלְבָּה • (khilbá) f

חִלְבָּה (canonical)
khilbá (romanization)


שומר

he-proper noun

שׁוּמֶר • (šumer)

שׁוּמֶר (canonical)
šumer (romanization)

Sumer (earliest known civilization of the ancient Near East (4th to 3rd millennia BC), located in lower Mesopotamia)


גזר

he-verb

גָּזַר • (gazár) (pa'al construction, passive participle גָּזוּר, passive counterpart נִגְזַר)

גָּזַר (canonical)
gazár (romanization)
גָּזוּר (participle passive)
נִגְזַר (passive)
גָּזַרְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
גָּזַרְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
גָּזַרְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
גָּזַרְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
גְּזַרְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
גְּזַרְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
גָּזַר (masculine past singular third-person)
גָּזְרָה (feminine past singular third-person)
גָּזְרוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
גּוֹזֵר (masculine present singular)
גּוֹזֶרֶת (feminine present singular)
גּוֹזְרִים (masculine plural present)
גּוֹזְרוֹת (feminine plural present)
אגזור (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶגְזֹר (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נגזור (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִגְזֹר (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תגזור (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְזֹר (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְזְרִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּגְזְרוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תגזורנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּגְזֹרְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יגזור (future masculine singular third-person)
יִגְזֹר (future masculine singular third-person)
תגזור (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּגְזֹר (feminine future singular third-person)
יִגְזְרוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תגזורנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּגְזֹרְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
גזור (imperative masculine singular)
גְּזֹר (imperative masculine singular)
גִּזְרִי (feminine imperative singular)
גִּזְרוּ (imperative masculine plural)
גזורנה (feminine imperative plural)
גְּזֹרְנָה (feminine imperative plural)


משמש

he-noun

מִשְׁמֵשִׁים

מִשְׁמֵשׁ • (mishmésh) m (plural indefinite מִשְׁמֵשִׁים)

מִשְׁמֵשׁ (canonical)
mishmésh (romanization)
מִשְׁמֵשִׁים (indefinite plural)

Borrowed from Arabic مِشْمِش (mišmiš, “apricots”).

bor+

apricot (a round sweet and juicy stone fruit, resembling peach or plum in taste, with a yellow-orange flesh, lightly fuzzy skin and a large seed inside)


ארז

Root
 א־ר־ז (ʾ-r-z)
Not native to Israel and Judaea, so presumably borrowed before the vowel closure into Hebrew from Aramaic אַרְזָא / ܐܪܙܐ (ʾarzā, “cedar”).

bor

Aramaic אַרְזָא


אגס

he-noun

אַגָּס • (agás) m (plural indefinite אַגָּסִים, singular construct אַגַּס־) [pattern: קַטָּל]

אַגָּס (canonical)
agás (romanization)
אַגָּסִים (indefinite plural)
אַגַּס־ (construct singular)

→ Arabic: إِجَّاص (ʔijjāṣ)

Maltese: lanġasa

From an unknown substrate language; attested in Akkadian 𒄑𒀭𒂵𒋗 (angašu, “pear or plum tree”).


ריחן

he-noun

רֵיחָן • (rēḥán) m

Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum basilicum#Translingual


בלוט

בַּלּוּט • (balút) m (plural indefinite בַּלּוּטִים, singular construct בַּלּוּט־, plural construct בַּלּוּטֵי־)

בַּלּוּט (canonical)
balút (romanization)
בַּלּוּטִים (indefinite plural)
בַּלּוּט־ (construct singular)
בַּלּוּטֵי־ (construct plural)


אפרסק

אֲפַרְסֵקִים

אֲפַרְסֵק • (afarsék) m (plural indefinite אֲפַרְסֵקִים)

אֲפַרְסֵק (canonical)
afarsék (romanization)
אֲפַרְסֵקִים (indefinite plural)
אֲפַרְסֵק (indefinite singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקִי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָאֲפַרְסֵק (definite singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקְךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקְכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקְכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֲפַרְסֵק־ (construct singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקָהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקָם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקָן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקִים (indefinite plural)
אפרסקיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הָאֲפַרְסֵקִים (definite plural)
אֲפַרְסֵקֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
אפרסקייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵי־ (construct plural)
אֲפַרְסֵקָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
אֲפַרְסֵקֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

he-decl

אֲפַרְסֵקִים

From Arabic اَلفِرْسِك (al-firsik, “the peach”), from Ancient Greek περσικόν (persikón, “peach”), short for μῆλον Περσικόν (mêlon Persikón, “Persian apple”).

der

אני אוהב לאכול אפרסקים.

(countable, uncountable) peach (soft juicy stone fruit of the peach tree, having yellow flesh, downy, red-tinted yellow skin, and a deeply sculptured pit or stone containing a single seed)

Prunus persica
Prunus persica#Translingual

(countable) peach (any tree of species Prunus persica, native to China and now widely cultivated throughout temperate regions, having pink flowers and edible fruit)

(uncountable) peach (a light yellow-red colour)


גד

Uncertain. Compare Arabic جَدّ (jadd, “luck, good fortune”).

cog

(biblical) Gad (the seventh son of Jacob, by his wife's handmaid Zilpah)

(by extension) One of the Israelite tribes.

a male given name, Gad
One of the Israelite tribes.

a male given name, Gad
A pan-Semitic god of fortune


גד

Root
 ג־ד־ד (g-d-d)
Found in Punic 𐤂𐤃 (gd /gid/, “coriander”), Ugaritic 𐎂𐎄 (gd, “coriander”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic גַּד (gaḏ), גּׅידא (giḏā, “coriander”). The origin is unclear. It could be from the root formula’s meaning related to strips (→ جُدَّة (judda)), because of coriander’s being chopped, but there is a chance it is the same word as Old Armenian գինձ (ginj) and its known Iranian relatives. Less likely the plant name is from the fortune or fortune god word above in consideration of magical uses.

unk

unclear


שמיר

he-noun

שָׁמִיר • (shamír) m

שָׁמִיר (canonical)
shamír (romanization)

Probably an unattested word from an Anatolian language. This word is also ancestral to Ancient Greek Σμύρνᾱ (Smúrnā, “Smyrna, Izmir”), and the dialectal forms Aeolic, Attic Ancient Greek Μύρρᾱ (Múrrhā), Ionian Ancient Greek Σμύρνη (Smúrnē), whose name would derive from the emery deposit in the area.
Cognates include Ancient Egyptian Ꜣsmr, Egyptian jsmr, smr “emery”, JPA, JLA Aramaic שָׁמִירָא (šāmīrā), Classical Syriac ܫܡܝܪܐ (šmyr’), whence Arabic سَامُور (sāmūr). Ancient Greek σμύρῐς (smúrĭs, “emery-powder”) likely loaned from a Semitic cognate of the Hebrew.

cog

Aramaic שָׁמִירָא (šāmīrā)


זית

he-noun

זַיִת • (záyit) m (plural indefinite זֵיתִים, singular construct זֵית־, plural construct זֵיתֵי־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

זַיִת (canonical)
záyit (romanization)
זֵיתִים (indefinite plural)
זֵית־ (construct singular)
זֵיתֵי־ (construct plural)

Root
 ז־ו־ת (z-w-t)
Akin to Ugaritic 𐎇𐎚𐎎 (ztm), Phoenician 𐤆𐤕 (zt), Galilean Aramaic זֵיתָא (zētā), Syriac Aramaic ܙܝܬܐ (zaytā), whence Amharic ዘይት (zäyt, “olive oil”), Arabic زَيْت (zayt, “oil, olive oil”), as well as to Old Armenian ձէթ (jētʻ), Old Georgian ზეთი (zeti), Semitic borrowings; from Northwest Semitic also Egyptian D-d:t*W-M1 ḏt.

Olea europaea
Olea europaea#Translingual

olive tree (an evergreen tree, Olea europaea, that produces olives as fruit)


ערמון

עַרְמוֹן • (ʿarmón) m (plural indefinite עַרְמוֹנִים, plural construct עַרְמוֹנֵי־) [pattern: קַטְלוֹן]

עַרְמוֹן (canonical)
ʿarmón (romanization)
עַרְמוֹנִים (indefinite plural)
עַרְמוֹנֵי־ (construct plural)

אַרְמוֹן (ʾarmón)

chestnut tree
chestnut tree#English:_Q59835149

chestnut tree (a tree that bears chestnuts; a tree of the genus Castanea)


צנובר

צְנוֹבָּר • (tsnobár) m

צְנוֹבָּר (canonical)
tsnobár (romanization)

Borrowed from South Levantine Arabic صنوبر (ṣnōbar), from Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

bor+

pine nut (the edible seed of any of several species of evergreen pine, especially Pinus pinea, Pinus cembra, and Pinus cembroides)


שקד

he-noun

שָׁקֵד • (šāqḗḏ) m (plural indefinite שְׁקֵדִים, singular construct שְׁקֵד־, plural construct שְׁקֵדֵי־)

שָׁקֵד (canonical)
šāqḗḏ (romanization)
שְׁקֵדִים (indefinite plural)
שְׁקֵד־ (construct singular)
שְׁקֵדֵי־ (construct plural)

Root
 שׁ־ק־ד (sh-q-d)
The almond-name is akin to Phoenician 𐤔𐤒𐤃 (šqd, “almond; almond-tree”), Ugaritic 𐎘𐎖𐎄 (ṯqd, “almond; almond-tree”), Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שִׁגּדּא (šigdā), Classical Syriac ܫܓܕܐ (šegdā, “almond”, collective), only Hebraized שִׁקְדּא (šiqdā) and ܫܩܕܐ (šeqdā), Aramaic-borrowed Ge'ez ስግድ (səgd), ስጋድ (səgad, “almond tree; nut tree in general”), Tigrinya ሰገድ (sägäd), Amharic ሰገድ (säggäd, “Pavetta abyssinica”), and Akkadian 𒄑𒇵 (šiqdum, “almond tree, nut as well as wood”, collective), which in Neo-Assyrian bears the form 𒄑𒂁𒁺 (^(GIŠ)duk-du /duqdu, dukdu/), seemingly from a substrate of the region, where it is native.

der

palatine tonsil
palatine tonsil#English:_Q15146576


קוטב

he-noun

קוטב / קֹטֶב • (kótev) m [pattern: קֹטֶל]

קֶטֶב • (kétev) m (Biblical Hebrew pausal form קָטֶב) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

קֹטֶב (canonical)
kótev (romanization)
קֶטֶב (canonical)
kétev (romanization)
form קָטֶב (Biblical-Hebrew pausal)

In Biblical Hebrew: Cognate to Arabic قُطْب (quṭb), and Classical Syriac ܩܘܽܪܛܒܳܐ (qurṭəḇā), ܛܘܽܪܛܒܳܐ (ṭurṭəḇā), ܩܘܽܛܒܳܐ (quṭəḇā), ܩܘܽܛܒܬܳܐ (quṭəḇtā, “puncture-vine”). For the formation compare قُرْط (qurṭ, “Egyptian clover”), قَتَاد (qatād, “milkvetch”), قَتّ (qatt, “lucerne”), قَات (qāt, “qat”), قَصَل (qaṣal, “cut off awns of grain, shucks or husks of a cereal plant”), Classical Syriac ܩܽܘܪܛܡܳܐ (qūrṭəmā, “safflower”) borrowed as قُرْطُم (qurṭum).
In Modern Israeli Hebrew: Borrowed from Arabic قُطْب (quṭb).

cog

(Modern Israeli Hebrew) puncture-vine (Tribulus spp.)


הדס

he-noun

הֲדַס • (haḏás) m (plural indefinite הֲדַסִּים)

הֲדַס (canonical)
haḏás (romanization)
הֲדַסִּים (indefinite plural)

desctree

→ Arabic: هَدَس (hadas)
→ Amharic: ኣደስ (ʾadäs), አደስ (ʾädäs)
→ Ge'ez: አደስ (ʾädäs)
→ Swahili: mhadasi
→ Tigrinya: ኣደስ (ʾadäs)

→ Aramaic: הֲדַסַא (hăḏasā)

→ German: Addas f (used once by Heinrich Heine)

→ Yiddish:

Sometimes also vocalized, perhaps archaically, הָדָס (hāḏā́s), and probably the same as Aramaic אָסָא / ܐܵܣܵܐ (ʾāsā, “myrtle”), Arabic آس (ʔās, “myrtle”), Akkadian 𒄑𒊍 (asum, “myrtle”) with multiple determiners, compare typologically Hebrew צַתְרָה (ṣaṯrā́, “savory”), Arabic زَعْتَر (zaʕtar, “wild thyme”), also denoting odoriferous plants, explained semantically as an old ذُو عِطْرٍ (ḏū ʕiṭrin, “having scent”).

רָאִיתִי הַלַּיְלָה וְהִנֵּה אִישׁ רֹכֵב עַל סוּס אָדֹם וְהוּא עֹמֵד בֵּין הַהֲדַסִּים אֲשֶׁר בַּמְּצֻלָה וְאַחֲרָיו סוּסִים אֲדֻמִּים שְׂרֻקִּים וּלְבָנִים.

I saw by night, and behold a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle trees that [were] in the bottom; and behind him [were there] red horses, speckled, and white.

ra'íti haláyla v'híne ísh rokhév ál sús adóm v'hú oméd bén hahadasím ashér bam'tsulá va'akharáv susím adumím s'rukím ul'vaním.

וַאֲשֶׁר יַשְׁמִיעוּ וְיַעֲבִירוּ קוֹל בְּכָל עָרֵיהֶם וּבִירוּשָׁלִַם לֵאמֹר צְאוּ הָהָר וְהָבִיאוּ עֲלֵי זַיִת וַעֲלֵי עֵץ שֶׁמֶן וַעֲלֵי הֲדַס וַעֲלֵי תְמָרִים וַעֲלֵי עֵץ עָבֹת לַעֲשֹׂת סֻכֹּת כַּכָּתוּב:

And that they should publish and proclaim in all their cities, and in Jerusalem, saying, Go forth unto the mount, and fetch olive branches, and pine branches, and myrtle branches, and palm branches, and branches of thick trees, to make booths, as [it is] written.

va'ashér yashmí'u v'ya'avíru kól b'khól areihém uvirushalám leimór ts'ú hahár v'haví'u aléi záyit va'aléi éts shémen va'aléi hadás va'aléi t'marím va'aléi éts avót la'asót sukót kakatúv.

תנו רבנן "ענף עץ עבות" (ויקרא כג מ) שענפיו חופין את עצו ואי זה הוא הוי אומר זה הדס

Our Rabbis taught, "Branches of a thick tree" [means] [the kind of tree] whose branches completely cover its trunk Now what [tree] is this? You must say that it is the myrtle.

myrtle: any of a genus of flowering plants in genus Myrtus, as well as a twig of it


אורן

he-noun

אורן / אֹרֶן • ('óren) m (plural indefinite אורנים / אֳרָנִים, plural construct אורני / אָרְנֵי־) [pattern: קֹטֶל]

אֹרֶן (canonical)
'óren (romanization)
אורנים (indefinite plural)
אֳרָנִים (indefinite plural)
אורני (construct plural)
אָרְנֵי־ (construct plural)

לִכְרָת־לוֹ אֲרָזִים וַיִּקַּח תִּרְזָה וְאַלּוֹן וַיְאַמֶּץ־לוֹ בַּעֲצֵי־יָעַר נָטַע אֹרֶן וְגֶשֶׁם יְגַדֵּל׃

Tanach, Isaiah [[s:he:T1044#מד_יד|44:14]], with translation of the New International Version:

He cut down cedars, or perhaps took a cypress or oak. He let it grow among the trees of the forest, or planted a pine, and the rain made it grow.


תלתן

תִּלְתָּנִים

תִּלְתָּן • (tiltā́n) m (plural indefinite תִּלְתָּנִים)

תִּלְתָּן (canonical)
tiltā́n (romanization)
תִּלְתָּנִים (indefinite plural)

Root
 ת־ל־ת (t-l-t)
From Aramaic תלת (“three”). Also borrowed into Punic, transcribed in De materia medica 2:102 as τιτλώ, likely for *𐤕𐤋𐤕𐤀 (*tiltō).

clover proper, shamrock (Trifolium spp.)

any Trifolieae tribe plant
(archaic) fenugreek (Trigonella spp.)

any Trifolieae tribe plant
fenugreek (Trigonella spp.)

any Trifolieae tribe plant
(archaic) burclover (Medicago spp.)

any Trifolieae tribe plant
burclover (Medicago spp.)


כרפס

כַּרְפַּס • (karpás) m

כַּרְפַּס (canonical)
karpás (romanization)

Root
 כ־ר־פ־ס (k-r-p-s)
Compare Maltese karfus (“celery”), Classical Syriac ܟܪܦܣܐ (kerpəsā, “celery”), Arabic كَرَفْس (karafs, “celery”). The ultimate provenance of these terms is murky.


הגה

he-noun

הגה • (hagé, hɔḡɛ) m (plural indefinite הָגִים or הָגִין)

hagé (romanization)
hɔḡɛ (romanization)
הָגִים (indefinite plural)
הָגִין (indefinite plural)

Related to Jewish Babylonian Aramaic הֵיגְתָא (hêḡəṯāʾ) and Classical Syriac ܚܵܓܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥāggəṯāʾ), all derived from Akkadian 𒂊𒄖𒌋 (egû).
First attested in the Talmud.

cog

camelthorn (Alhagi, a genus of shrubs native to northern Africa and Asia Minor)


תורמוס

he-noun

תורמוס / תֻּרְמוּס • (túrmus) m (plural indefinite תורמוסים)

תֻּרְמוּס (canonical)
túrmus (romanization)
תורמוסים (indefinite plural)


ברוש

בְּרוֹשׁ • (brosh) m (plural indefinite בְּרוֹשִׁים)

בְּרוֹשׁ (canonical)
brosh (romanization)
בְּרוֹשִׁים (indefinite plural)

desc

→ Ge'ez: ቢሮሽ (biroš), ቤሩሽ (beruš, “cypress”) (from the singular)

→ Ge'ez: ቢሩሲም (birusim), በርሲም (bärsim), ቤሬሲም (beresim), ቤሩሲም (berusim, “cypress”) (from the plural)

Root
 ב־ר־שׁ (b-r-sh)
An old borrowing from Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā. Doublet of בְּרֹות (brot), the Aramaic form.


רקפת

he-noun

רַקֶּפֶת • (rakéfet) f (plural indefinite רַקָּפוֹת) [pattern: קַטֶּלֶת]

רַקֶּפֶת (canonical)
rakéfet (romanization)
רַקָּפוֹת (indefinite plural)

Root
 ר־ק־ף (r-q-p)
Akin to Jewish Babylonian Aramaic רקפתא (/*raqəp̄tā/), Arabic رَقَف (raqaf), رَكَف (rakaf) of the same meaning. The origin is unknown.


מרווה

he-noun

מרווה / מַרְוָה • (marvá) f

מַרְוָה (canonical)
marvá (romanization)

salvia (a plant in the genus Salvia, such as sage)


אזוב

אֵזוֹב • (ʾēzṓḇ) m

→ Ge'ez: አዘብ (ʾäzäb)

Related to Classical Syriac ܙܘܦܐ (zōṗā), Akkadian 𒍪𒌑𒁍 (/zūpu/), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic אֵיזוֹבָא (ʾēzōḇa), Ancient Greek ὕσσωπος (hússōpos).

cog

תְּחַטְּאֵנִי בְאֵזוֹב וְאֶטְהָר תְּכַבְּסֵנִי וּמִשֶּׁלֶג אַלְבִּין׃

Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean; wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.

T'ḥaṭ'éni v-ezóv v-eṭ'hár; t'khab'séni u-mi-sheleg albin.

מִצְוַת אֵזוֹב, לֹא אֵזוֹב יָוָן, לֹא אֵזוֹב כּוֹחֲלִי, לֹא אֵזוֹב רוֹמִי, לֹא אֵזוֹב מִדְבָּרִית, וְלֹא כָל אֵזוֹב שֶׁיֶּשׁ לוֹ שֵׁם לְוָי:

The commandment with hyssop - not hyssop of Greece, nor blue hyssop, nor Roman hyssop, nor desert hyssop, nor any hyssop that has a modifier.

Mitzvát ezóv, lo ezóv Yaván, lo ezóv koḥalí, lo ezóv romí, lo ezóv midbarít, v-lo khol ezóv she-yesh lo shem l'váy.


אספסת

he-noun

אַסְפֶּסֶת • (aspéset) f

אַסְפֶּסֶת (canonical)
aspéset (romanization)

Borrowed from Aramaic אַסְפַּסְתָּא (ʾaspastā) / ܐܰܣܦܷܣܬܳܐ (ʾaspestā, “lucerne”), from Akkadian 𒊍𒉺𒊍𒋾 (aspastu, “presumably lucerne”), from Old Median *aspāstiš (“lucerne”), from Proto-Iranian *HacwaHastiš (“lucerne”, literally “horse-food”) from Proto-Iranian *Hácwah (“horse”) + Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“related to eating”) + *-tis, the Assyrians having it borrowed when modelling their cavalry after the Medes and thus taking over this name for a plant serving as horsefood, passing it to the Babylonian. So the most likely chain.

bor

אַסְפַּסְתָּא

Aramaic אַסְפַּסְתָּא (ʾaspastā)


לוע הארי

he-noun

לֹעַ הָאֲרִי

לוע הארי / לֹעַ הָאֲרִי • (ló'a ha'arí) m

לֹעַ הָאֲרִי (canonical)
ló'a ha'arí (romanization)

The same visual metaphor is found in German Löwenmaul, Dutch leeuwenbek, both "snapdragon".


אניס

אָנִיס • (anís) m


בזיליקום

בָּזִילִיקוּם

בָּזִילִיקוּם • (bazilikum) m (no plural forms)

בָּזִילִיקוּם (canonical)
bazilikum (romanization)

basil (the leaves of this plant used as a herb)


פומלה

פּוֹמֶלָה • (poméla) f (plural indefinite פּוֹמֶלוׂת)

פּוֹמֶלָה (canonical)
poméla (romanization)
פּוֹמֶלוׂת (indefinite plural)

Citrus maxima
Citrus maxima#Translingual

pomelo (the large fruit of the Citrus maxima (syn)


ויסטריה

וִיסטֵריָה • (vistéria) f (plural indefinite וִיסטֵריוֹת)

וִיסטֵריָה (canonical)
vistéria (romanization)
וִיסטֵריוֹת (indefinite plural)

wisteria (any of several woody climbing vines, of the genus Wisteria, native to the East Asian countries of China, Korea, and Japan and the eastern United States)


סאקורה

סאקורה / סאקוּרָה • (sakúra) f

סאקוּרָה (canonical)
sakúra (romanization)

Borrowed from Japanese 桜(さくら) (sakura, “cherry tree”).

sakura (cherry blossom (blossom of the Japanese cherry tree))